JPRS ID: 9779 USSR REPORT LIFE SCIENCES AGROTECHNOLOGY AND FOOD RESOURCES

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I~OIt OI~f~1('IA1, lttil~: ONI,Y
JPRS L/9779
10 ,,~une 1981
USSR Re ort
p
LIFE SCIENCES
AGROTECHNOLC~GY AN~ FOOD RESOURCES
- ~FOUO 1 /81)
_ FBIS FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE
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JPRS L/9779
10 June 1981
,
USSR REPORT ~
,
_ LIFE $CIENCES
- AGROTECHNdLOGY AND FOOD RESQURCES
(FOUO 1/81)
CONTENTS
I:COI.OGICAL PROBLErfS
Agrotechnical Features of Omskaya 9 Spring Wheat 1
_ POOI) PACI~AGING
Iiygienic Problems Referable to rtanufacture of Pasteurized
Canned Foods and rieans of Solving Them 5
- Production of Vegetables, Fruit and Products Derived From Them
T'o Be Increased in 19$1 8
r00D PRODUCTION
The Food Program--an Element of zhe Economic Policy of the CP:~U... 12
Chemical and Technological Description of Citrus Fruit and
Olives of Afghanistan 17
- F001) S`COW~GE PROEI,~riS
- Yolymers for Gas-Selective Devices Used in Storing Foodstuff~..... 21
- Pr.;~~rr crrlL~rzcs
' ~ereal Crop Selection Institute's Progress Summarized 25
.
- a- [III - USSR - 21n S&T FOUO]
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ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS
UDC 633.11"321":631.526.32:631.'_>
AGFOTECHNICAL FEATURES OF OMSKAYA 9 SPRING WHEAT
Moscow SELEKTSIYA I SEMENOVODSTVO in Russian No 3, Ma.r 81 pp 27-28
[Article by Candidate of Agricultural Sciences V. M. Novikov]
[Text) The O~?skaya 9 strain has a number of commercially valuable chara_r.teristics
and properties: high grain yield and quality, drought resistance, and resistance
- to stem rust and lodging. However if we are to realize its potentials to the
fullest, we wosld need to create particular conditions for the growth and development
of the plants, with a consideration for their biological features and the zone in
which they are grown.
The productivity of spring wheat in the south of West Siberia and in northern
; Kazakhstan depends in many ways on the sowing time and density.
In order to determine the best planting time and the seed sowing norm for the new
strain in this zone, special research was conducted in 1974-1979 at the "Novoural'-
skoye" experimental production farm of the Siberian Scientific Research Institute of
Agriculture.
The experimental plot contained common chernozem soil with a moderate supply of
' mobile ~hosphorus; the concentration of useable potassium was high.
_ The meteorological conditions varied in the period of plant vegetation. In 1974
there was a"Saratov"-type droL3ht (about 30 percent of the total 12? mm of precipi-
tation during the vegetation period fell in July-August); in 1975 the drought per-
sisted throughout the entire vegetation period (total precipitation in that same
geriod was 94.4 mm); the weather in 1976-1978 was typified by a shortage of moisture
in tlze first half of vegetation (conditions typical of the south of West Siberia).
In 1979, more precipitation fell during the entire vegetation period than in other
years-�-187.3 mm, but it was distributed extremely irregularly: There was rio rain
~ at all from 9 July to 18 August (41 days).
Differences in the me'teorological conditions in the years of the experiments per-
mitted a sufficiently full evaluation of the new strain in comparison with the
formerly regionalized Saratovskaya 29. In 1974-1975 the yields were not very high,
and differences between tne strains were insignificant. Between 1976 and 1979
- Omskaya 9 demonstra~ed a clear ad~antage: In 1976 its yield was 24.1 c/ha, it :au~
27.9.c/ha in 1977, 28.3 c/ha ir~ 1978, and 33.3 c/ha in 1979; the yieZds exceeded
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~iic~~~~~ uf S~iratovskaya 29 in correspondi.ng years by 3.7, 3.7, 6.0, anc3 3.2 c/ha;
tli~ grcatest difference--6.0 c/ha--.fell in 1978, when the first ilalf of the vegeta-
_ t.ion E~e.r.iod was the driest.
'1'l~e ;reater resistance of the new strain to drought in this period is associated
to a certain extent with the rhythm of the plant's development: The period from
:~}>routing to heading is 4 to 5 days longer for Omskaya 9 than for Saratovskaya 29,
which is reflected iii the total time of vegetation as well.
Umskaya 9 is a moderately late strain, and its vegetation time is the limiting
factor in the choice of planting time in ~he south of West Siberia and in northern
" Kazakhstan. An analysis of the dependence of the length of the plant vegetation
~~eriod ~n the planting pez~od (lasting 10 days) with a consideration for significant
differences in weather conditions in the different years of the experiment demon-
strat~d significant variations in the length of the period from planting to sprouting,
and iii the interphasal period between sprouting and heading.
In 1977, which was distinguished as a hot year, seeds planted 12 ~1ay sprouted after
9 day5, while in 1~~78, which was a cold year, sprouts appeared after 15 days; heading
begar~ after 42 and 47 days respectively.
7'he auration of the period from heading to waxy ripeness did not vary from one year
- to the next when early planting was involved, since maturation occurred at a rather
high air temperature. The entire per.~iod of vegetation (from planting to maturation)
vari~cl from 95 to 107 days in different years.
Planting time had a great influence on the availabiJity of heat (the required
c~uantity of effective temperatures) to the plants aiid the duration of interphasal
periods: With later olanting, the period irom planting to sprouting and the period
from spr_outing to heading were shorter in comparison with early planting. However
the ~eriod from heading to grain maturation was longer with late planting. In 1978
it was 4 days longer in comparison with that of crops planted at the optimum time,
and it was 8-9 days longer in comparison with the minimum length of this period.
Vegetation proceeds for a longer period of time because maturation of wheat grain
i~al~s at a temperature of 15�C. Observations showed that on the average for 3 years
in which planting occurred on 21-22 N1ay, waxy ripeness of Omskaya 9 grain occurred
at a sum of effective temperatures (following apgearance of sprouts) of 1,147�C. With
early plantinq, plants used 84�C more of heat, while with late planting (in late May
and early June), despite the longer vegetation per~od, plants used less (an average
~ of 109�C less). Maturation occurred at an insufficient quantity of effective tempera-
tures, which retarded maturation and worsened grain quality. In years with early
frost, Omskaya 9 grain planted late may not mature at all.
Coi~sequently, influencing the intensity of crop growth processes and the swiftness
of ~he organ Pormation stages, the aggregate of ineteorological factors in the end
~redetermines tlie grain yield. It was experimentally established that with early
plaritiiig (11-12 May), plant bushiness is insufficient, and the heads are small, with
rela~ively tine qrain; with the optimum planting time (21-22 May), bushiness is
better, ancl every head produces more grain; with late planting (30 May to 2 June)
tlie grain content of the heads rises, but productive bushiness and grain size de-
cline (Table 1).
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Table 1. Omskaya 9 Yield Structure Depending ~n Plantir~g Time and Seed Sowing
Norm (1976-1978)
_ Seed Sowing Norm
Plantin~g Timc (million per hectare)
2 3 4
Productive Bushiness
11-12 May 1.77 1.66 1.49
21-22 May 2.11 1.79 1.65
30 Nlay-2 Jline 1.57 1.51 1.51
Number of Grains Per Head (Units)
11-12 May 22.4 18.6 19.7
21-22 May 25.5 22.6 18.7
30 May-2 June 28.0 23.2 21.8
Weigr~t of 1,000 Grains (gm)
11-12 May 43.4 40.2 38.9
21-22 May 45.5 44,8 43.9
30 May-2 June 43.4 42.0 39.6
Table 2. Grain Yield of Omskaya 9 Wheat (c/ha) Planted on Fallow (Averages
for 1976-1978)
~ Seed Planting Norms Av~rage for Average f4r
(Millions per ha) Planting Times Preceding Fertilizations
~ Flanting Time 2 3 4 (HCPp,95-1.91) (HCPp,95=1,56)
i Without Fertilizer
! 11-12 May 16.4 16.1 16.7 16.4
21-22 May 20.7 24.0 25.7 23.5 22.1
; 30 May-2 June 25.6 25.7 27.6 26.3
With Phosphorus Applicat~.on, 60 kg/ha
- 11-12 May 19.3 20.5 20.9 2~�2
21-22 May 26.1 28.9 28.7 27.9 26.4
30 May-2 June 29.2 30.6 33.8 31.2
The grain yield depended more on planting time than on other factors (Table 2).
With early planting it was low, and with optimum planting time it was higher.
The experiments permit the conclusion that it would be unsuitable to plant Omskaya 9
later than 22 May, since the grain would consequently exhibit poorer qualities.
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~i'1~~� ~i.~t~~ i~~ T,~L;le also indi_cate that application of phosphorus fertilizer to
~ L-all~~s~; i~,~s a positiv~ influence as well: The yield increment averaged 4.3 c/ha.
htorc~>vcr i.t wus more siqnificant with late planfiing ane~ with a higher seed sowir.g
uc~rm--~~.2 ~/tia. PhosE>lio~us upplication produced a lesser impact with early ~lanting
.iilcl,:, lower sowing norm (the yield increment was 2.9 c/ha).
Tiirc~r, millian seeds pei tiectare sh~~uld be adopted as the optimum seed sowing norm
Eor the new strain, when it is planted on 21-22 May. This norm should be increased
- or,ly in years when the hydrothermal conditions promote longer vegetation, and when
E>lantir.y is late, in which case bushiness may decrease due to overheating of the
:;o i.L in this period.
A comF~arisoil of responses to preceding crops and fertilization demor.strated the
new strain's significant superiority ove~ Saratovskaya 29 c.ihen planted 2].-22 May
at a dose of 3 million seeds per hectare. When planted on fallow, it also revealed
a yr~ater resistance to lodging. Also important is tne fact that Omskaya 9 yields
,~rc pers.istently greater than those of 5aratovskaya 29, when planted as the thirG
~�ro~~ after fallow. While the advantage with fertilized fallow is 4.2 c/ha, it is
- 3.5 c/ha for unfertilized stubble fields.
`19ius the new strain of soft sprinq wheat, Omskaya 9, is significantly superior in
yield to Saratovskaya 29 in years with hydrothe nnal conditions typical of t.he zone
for whicn it is regionalized. The optimum planting time is the beginning of the
last third of May, and the seed sowing norm is 3 million seeds per 1-iectare. In-
~reasing the latter to 4 million seeds per hectare would be suitable only when
~?laritirig is delayed to the end of May and when phosphorus fertilizer is applied
r_o fallow. When planting occurs in late May through early June, the temperature
conditions experienced by the maturing grain worsen, which increases the time of
- E~lant vegetation. The new strain permits the fullest utilization of sophisticated
agrotechnical procedures, which permits its classification as an intensive strain.
COPYRIGHT: Izdatel'stvo "iColos", "Selektsiya i semenovodstvo", 1981
= 11004
CSO: 1840/515
~ 4
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FOOD PACKAGING
UDC: 664.933.036.52
HYGIENZC PROBLEMS REFERABLE TO MANUFACTURE OF PASTEURIZED CANNED FOODS AND
MEANS OF SOT VING TEiEM
Krasnodar IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENIY: PISHCHEVAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA
in Russian No 1(140),Jan-Feb 81 pp 2i-22
[Article by Yu. G. Kostenko, S. Ya. Lyubashenko, P. P, Stepanenko and T. S. Shagova,
Department af Veterinary Sanitary Expert Certification and Microbiology, Moscow
Technological Institute of the Meat and Dairy Industry, submitted 6 Nov 80]
[~ext] Ttie scientists of the Moscaw Technological Institute of the Meat and Dairy
Ind~.?stry have conducted in-depth studies on hygiene of production. They investi-
gated a set of issues involved in sanitary engineering aspects of design and
construction of new enterprises, specifications for raw material and ingredients,
_ cans, etc. All these studies are aimed at improving hygienic conditions and
reducing the possibility of penetration of microflora in products when they are
j prepared.
; The design of a plant for pasteurized canning differs from plants that produce
~ canned goods that are sterilized in the ordinary way. There, the optimum approach
is to construct a separate plant building with a separate service ["bytovoy"?] unit.
In a specialized facility for pasteurized canned foods, the passageway for
delivery of ineat from the refrigerator or receiving and unloading platform,
~ raw material accumulator, section for stripping and trimming meat, aging, pre-
, paring brine (marinades], packaging raw material, storing and process~ng ingredi-
ents, cantainers and stock, heat-treatment of cans, rapid cooling after pasteuri-
_ zation, packing and staring the end product are separated from one another. This
minimizes penetration of microorganisms into production rooms and reduces the
" expense of maintaining a specific microclimate in the different departments and
sections of the cannery. There are increased hygienic requirements with regard
to arrangem~r_t of rooms, shops and sections. For example, the walls are tiled
~ over their entire height and the ceilings are painted with light-colored oil
paint.
_ Forced ventilation units must be equipped with special filters for purifying the
air, using type D-33 k1 f i1tPr.s which reduce by un to 170 times the amo,~nr nf
microorganisms in the air delivered into a room. However, such treatment of
forced air cannot assure the proper sanitary parameters in plant rooms during
- work of the personnel, since microflora penetrates through doorways, with the
clothing of workers, raw material, etc. Treatment with ultraviolet ray~ (BW
tyY~ ?amp), at the rate of 1 W/m3 for 1 h,reduces microorganisms in air by 65%.
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t3:.~ctc�ri.c� idal lamps are turned out when workers are ahsent, before the start of
the ti~c~rk period and during the lunch break.
S~ecial hygienic conditions are required for preparing raw material for pasteur-
izeci canned ham, while handling pork and during subsequent technological onera-
tio~is in the canning sh~p. The main ob~e~tive here is to prevent contamination
uf raw material by microflora and lower the microorganism content on the surface
of ttie meat. Pigs are siaughtered in separate batches or on a separate shift.
Aft~r exsanguinating the animals, it is mandatory to clean the skin of the car-
casses in a mechanized unit with warm water (25-35�C), using brush or beater
devices. This reduces bacterial contamination of the surface of carcasses by
more than 70 times. To prepare pasteurized canned goods, it is best to use as
- raw material pork with the skin left on, since the integument prevents penetra-
tion of microflora into the de~p layers of ineat. When processing the carcasses
in the sl.aughtering-dressing [cutting] shop, it is imperative to use advanced
technology, for example, continuous action units for scalding the carcasses in
vertical position and, before refrigeration, to treat the cut meat with hot air
at 120�C for 2-2.5 min, or place the surface of the sides over the flame of a
- gas burner. There are higher requirements for organizing work places, with
m~indatory piping of hot and cold water to them.
~ Such hygienic requirements for shops where animals are processed result in
production of pork with high sanitary parameters: no more than 10,000 micro-
or~;anisms per cm2 meat surface.
_ At modern canneries, prior to stripping in the raw materia]. department, the
sides [cutsJ of.~r~eat are submitted to sanitary treatment in specialized units--
"meat surface sterilizPrs, Testing of operating modes for this device (treat-
ment with a steam and air mixture for 50 s at 80�C, live steam, hot air for 1.5-2
min at 120�C) revealed that the best effect is achieved with hot air. This
reduces by 1.5-2 times the amounts of microorganisms on the surface of the
- meat sides.
Ingredients (brine, gelatin) may have a strong effect on sanitary parameters of
tt~e end praduct.
- Brine that is injected must be sterile. Boiling or treatment in reactors for
25~-"S min at 1.20�2�C are simple and available methods of steriiization. However,
these methods are extremely labor-consuming, and one can use with success ultra-
filtration or Zeiss filters, which results in a savings of up to '_'6 rubles for

' sterilization per ton brine.
Tt~ree-fold heat treatment with dry air for 6-7 h at 80�C yields a good efect
with regard to lowering the initial microorganism content of gelatin, and this
kills many species of microbes.
1'he optimum mode of sanitary treatment of tins is to de1:-~er hot water (80�C) for
11 s, then iive ste~~ f^r at least 4 s direct~q to the ins~~~ oi the c~ns, with
placement thereof upside down..
~ Use ofliot air at 160�C for 30 min elicits a good effect for treatment of lids
after drv;.ng paste. In order to demonstrate tfie possible adverse effect of
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sr_erilizr~tion of lids on the quality of paste, 25 tests of airti~ht sea]_in~ were
conducted with the use of ether by the conventional method. As shown by the
results, alI cf the tins had an airtight seal after being crimped [rolled?].
Thus, a systems approach must be used in the production of pasteurized canned
f~~ods ir? order to create the appropriate hygienic conditions at all stages of
production. Use of the a~proaches discussed made it possible to develop a new
technolc,gy in our country with a high economic effect.
COPYRIGHT: Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy Pishchevaya tekhnologiya
10, ti57
CSO: 1840/523
i
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I
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- UDC: 664.8(47+57)"1980-!-1981"
PROllUCTION OF VEGETABLES, FRUIT AND PRODUCTS DERIVED FROM THEM ~i0 BE INCREASED IN
1981
Moscow KONSERVNAY~. ? OVOS':~:rIESUSHIL'NAYA PROMYSHLENNOST' in Russian No 3, Mar 81
pp 2-3
[Article]
[Text] Having deployed on a broad scale the socialist competition in honor of the
26th Party Congress, the :vorkers of enterprises in the canning, vegetable-dehydrating
and f.ood concentra.ting ind~5try of the USSR Ministry of the Food Industry, ful-
fi].led the production plan by 102.7% in 1980. The plan for output was overful-
f.illed by 49.8 million rubles. Enterprises of the canning industry fulf illed the
_ output [salcs] plan in all of the republics, with the exception of Azplodoovoshchprom
(Azerbaijan Fruit and Vegetable Industry].
A toral of 7708 million standard cans of fruit and vegetables have been
produced.
As compared to 1975, labor productivity increased by 5.b% under the lOth Five-Year
Plan.
Annual mean output of canned goods (as compared to the 9th Five-Year Plan) increased
by 967 million standard cans, or 14%.
I'roduction of canned beets, :abbage, green tomatoes and pumpkin, as we11 as canned
ve~etables with fish, was organized in order to augment the volume of output.
Last year, 307 million standard cans of "Green peas" (versus 1'18 million in 1979),
250 million standard cans of "Grape juice" (235 million in 1979), 263,000 tons of
f.ood concentrates, 22,000 tons of dry infant food and 14,300 tons of potato pro-
ducts were produced.
Tlle workers of enterprises under the ministries of the food industry of Belorussian
SSR (101%), Georgian SSR (100%), Latvian SSR (102%), Kirghiz SSR (103%), Estonian
- SSR (100.5%), Azplodoovoshchprom (100.4%), Glavplodvinprom [Main Administration for
tlie I'ruit and Wine Industry] of Ukrainian SSR (110%) and Goskomvinprom [State Com-
mittee for the Wine Industry] of the RSFSR (102`0) have fulfilled the canned food
production plan.
In t980, canned g~ods output increased by 488 million standard tins, of which
_ 295 million are referable to new construction and remodeling and 193 million
resulting from introduction of admznistrative and engineering measures.
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The second sections have been started up in the canneries of Kamenka, Khmel'nitsk~: ~
Ob].nst (production capacity 20 million standard tins) and in Orgeyev,(Moldavian
SSR (15.5 million standard tins). The production capacity of the Kutais Cannery
has been increased by 19 milli~n standard cans, that of the Gardabani Cannery
(Georgian SSR) by 20 million, Kamenskiy Cannery (Moldavi.an SSR) by 66.1 million
standard tins, etc.
A total of 28 self-contained technological lines have been installed at the car,:'~
enterprises for processing "Green peas," tomato paste, fruit juices, canned cucun~~ ~
and lines for producing metal containers.
AS-550 tomato paste production lines have been started up at the Kharabalinskiy,
Adyge "Order of. Red Banner of Labor," Samarkand "Hammer and Sickle," Namangan ~:nd
Gazalkent canneries; lines for processing canned cucumbers, with output c apacity
of 3 tons/h, have been started up at the Shakhrisyabz, Andi.zhan, Samarkand
"Hammer and Sickl~," Nal'chik and other plants.
_ In accordance wi.th the tasks put to workers ur,der the lOth Five-Year Plan, there
was vi.rtual renewal of the assortment of canned foods for children. As compared
to 1975, nroduction thereof increased by 2.3 times and reached 428 million standard
tins in 1980. The variety has been broadened, the quality and packaging of pre-
pared foods, as well as sanitary engineer~ng, have been improved.
Tne CC CPSU, USSR Council of Ministers, AUCCTU and CC [central committee] of the
Komsomol named the workers of the Pendzhikent Association (Tajik SSR) as victors
- of the All-Union socialist competition to improve the effectiveness of production
and quality of work, as we11 as successful fulfillment of the state plan for
economic an.d social development i~i 1980, and they were awarded the challenge Red
Banner of the CC CPSU, USSR Council of Ministers, AUCCTU and Komsomol CC.
_ As a result of the All-Union socialist competition in the fourth quarter of 1980,
the challenge Red Banner of the USSR Ministry of the Food Industry and CC of
the trade-union of food industry workers was awarded to the best enterprises:
Dnepropetrovsk Food Concentraf;e Combine, Belokany Cannery, Geokchay Agrarian-
Industrial Association, Bende.�ry Cannery imeni M. I. Kalinin and the Gazalkent
Cannery.
The third prize was awarded to the workers of the Biryul'skiy Experimental Plant.
At the same time, because of the inclement weatner in some parts of our cauntry
and inadequate organization of procurement, there was a shortfall of 1,166,000
tons of fruit and vegetabJ_es planned to be delivered for processing and a 1,442
million shortfall of stardard canned goods.
The situation was particu:iarly bad with procurement and fulfi.llment of the produc-
tion plan at enterprises u~nder the ministries of the food industry of RSFSR.,
Ukrainian SSR, Tajik SSR, Moldplodaovoshchprom [Moldavian Fruit and Vegetable
Industry] and Uzplodoovoshchvinprom jtizbek Fruit, Vegetable and Wine Industry].
Guided by the decree adopted by the July (1978) plenum of the CC CPSJ con~~erning
organization of cost-accounting associations for the production and processing of
potatoes and vegetables, and the instructions of L. T. Brezhnev at the October
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( 1~)~SO) enum ot ~he CC CPSU cc~ncerning the food program ,.nd upgrading the system
uE E~rc~duction management an3 processing of agricultural products, the CC CPSU and
USSR Council of Ministers deemed it r_ecessary to form a Union-Republic LTSSP.
:~ti ~x istry of ttie Frui~ and Vegetabie IndusLry.
7'he main tasks for the Ministry of the Fruit and Vegetable Industry were defined
~1S fO11OWS:
`lo meet the needs of tne public with regard to fruit and vegetables, grapes
- and potatoes ir. fresh an3 processed form.
'I'o iaipl.ement production of vegetables (particularly th~se that .axe ~ot
in wide use an~i green ones), Fruit, berries, table grape varieties,
sprinfi potatoes, cucurbits and other agrtcultural products in specialized
s~~vkhc,zes and other agricultural enterprises under its jurisdiction.
' To implement standardized technical policies in the country with regard to
production, procurement, processing, storage and sale of fruit vegetables,
table grapes and potato2s.
To implement raising h:igh-grade planting material and seeds of varieties
of vegetabl.es, cucurbits, fruit, berries, subtropical, floral and ornamental
plants ~nd grapes, high-grade potato seeds assigned to specific regions,
in order to meet the demands of kolkhozes, sovkhozes, other agricultural
enterprises and the public, as we11 as for export.
To organize and implement state purchases of vegetables, cucurb~,ts, f ruit,
berries, grapes and potatoes at kolkhozes, sovkhozes and other Sta~e agri-
cultural enterprises by cuntract agreements.
To develop and approve plans for distribution of vegetables, cucurbits,
f.ruit, berr3es, grapes and potatoes delivered to the g~nera], Union fund
- and received through import; to deliver fruit and vegetables, grapes and
potatoes to the general Union fund, as we11 as to implement supervision
oC fulfillment of plans for forming and using the general Union fund,
- attachment of supplies and consumers, and ongo3ng [operational] shunting
of resources of these products.
To process vegetables,cucurbits, fruit, berries, grapes and potatoes at
subordinate canning and other processing enterprises.
'To store procured and processed fruit and vegetables, grapes and potatoes,
and organize containerized transportation and packaging of these products.
To implement wholesale and retail trade through a specialized trade network
for fruit and vegetable products, grapes and potatoes, and delivery of these
products to enterprises of State and cooperative trade and public catering,
administrations of working supply [worker provisions?] of ministries and
- agencies, children's~ therapeutic i~nstitutions, and other consumers, as we11
_ as organization of interrepublic and interoblast transportation of fruit and
vegetables~ grapes and potatoes.
~ In 1981, the enterprises must produce 9300 million standard tins of fru~.t and
vegetables (1592 million, or 20.6%, more than ir~ 1980), 293,000 tons of food
10
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APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02109: CIA-RDP82-00850R400400020018-6
FOR OFFICIAL tiSE ONLY
concentrates, 96,900 tons of food products made from cQrn and other types ~f ~r~1i~i~
- 20,000 tons of potato products, 23,600 tons of dry foo~is for children, '10,8~0 ton~:
- of quick-frozen products, 17,900 tons of dehydrated [or dry] vegetables and
potatoes.
The output of "Tomato juice" will increase by 170 million standard tins, stewed
_ fruit production wi11 increase b~ 150 mi111on, "Green peas" by 43 million and
- fruit juices by 200 million standard cans.
_ To provide for the planned volume of output of commercial products, it is impera-
tive to procure 4,100,00U tons of vegetables, 3,000,000 tons of whi~h ~,hould b~.
tomatoes, 1,586,000 tons of fruit, 16C,000 tons of grapes and 360,000 tons of
potatoes.
_ It is planned to start up new facilities with production c:apacity of 330 million
standard tins of products, of which 163 million standard tins will be obtained
as a result of introduction of management and engineering measures.
As a result of expansion and remodeling, there will be an increase in output
- capacity of the canneries in Ostrogozhsk (by 17 million standard cans),
- Astrakhan' (by 23 million), Fergana (by 11 million), Glodyany (by 15 million) and
Tartu (by 7 million standard tins).
~ In the new season for processing raw material, all the new construction projects,
'i which have been operating for a long time at 35-50% capacity, will have to be
run at full capacity.
I There are plans to install more than 40 automatic and mechanized self-containing
lines at enterprises of this industry.
As they prepared for the 26th CPSU Congress, the workers of enterprises and sov-
khozes found new reserves for augmenting harvests and output, improving the
~ quality of products, and took on the obligation of increasing production and
! procurement of vegetables, fruit and grapes in the first year of the 11th Five-
Year Plan.
_I It is imperative to deploy, on an even broader scale, active work aimed at in-
creasing in a11 ways the effectiveness of national production and quality of work,
accelerating growth of labor productivity, economical consumption and optimum use
of fuel, metal, raw material and materials, maximum utilization of all available
resources so that there is stable operat:ion of enter.prises in the first year of
the new five-year plan, on the basis of strict adherence to State and labor
_ discipline, and increasing the responsibility of personnel for the job entrusted
to them, as well as to fulfill and overfulfill the ~tas.ks=as s~e~,led out in the
pl.an. ~
COPYRIGHT: Izdatel'stvo "Legkaya i pishchevaya promyshlennost~", "Konservnaya
i ovoshchesushil'naya promyshlennost"', 1981
1C,657
CSO: 1840/522
11
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000400020018-6

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/09: CIA-RDP82-04850R040440020018-6
- r~~�rrc~o~~~. ~_~s~:
FUO~ PFtUDL'CTION
~I~~1~~~ i'~'t11~! i'1'(_l(;U!-1:`~--~~N LLI:rTNT OF 'f~i1E ~~~'CONOTi~ C POLTCY OF THE CPSU
1.~~ thE~ un i t rapac� i ty of equipm~nt .
Int ruclu~�~~ i�~~nl (nui,uti tiy::C.~~mti nncl Intc~nti(vc~ mc~cl~5 ~~f ~,ri,clu~�t i~,n, wlifrli w~,ulcl
r~,r;u l l f n rccluc� (n}; t lir t.lmc tli~~r~c~l~ rincl I~,:~5 ~C rriw mn t~~r i:~ l.
- ln~ r~~ritie c�omplexjty ~~f prnces5i.n~ and optimum uSE~