JPRS ID: 9528 JAPAN REPORT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: JPRS
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00850R000300080011-8
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• Document Page Count: 42
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 11
• Content Type: REPORTS

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JPRS L/9528
5 February 1981
Japan Report
(FOUO 9/81)
I
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u
JPRS L/9528
5 February 1981
JAPAN REPORT
(FOUO 9/81)
CONTENTS
ECONOMIC
Japan Developmer_t Bank ivcuses Interest on Energy
(Takatomo Watanabe Interview; BUSINESS JAPAN, Dec 80) 1
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
MITI Forecasts Nuclear Energy Supply Will Not Reach 1990 Goal
-
(NIHON KOGYO SHIlOUN, 12 Dec 80)
5
Research for High-Temperature High-Strength Ma,terials Promoted
(1VIKKAN KOGYO SHIMBUN, 11 Dec 80) ........s
7
'Pechnology Developed To Produce Polycrystalline Sinters
(NIKKAN KOGYO SHIlMBUN, 5 Dec 80)
9
International Symposium on Gallium Arsenide
(MAINICHI DAILY NEWS, 31 Dec 80) o.....o.oo......o
11
Third International Congress on Polymers in Concrete Planned
(MAINiCHI DAIZY NE4JS, 31 Dec 80)
15
International Symposium on Industrial Robots
(MAINICHI DIALY NEWS, 31 Dec 80)
18 _
International Conferences on Analytical Spectroscopy
(MAIIJICHI DAILY NE4VS, 31 Dec 80) ..........e..e
22
~ Nippon Kokan Moves To Help Ford Steel Division
(JAPAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL, 13 Jan 81) ........o 25
Defense Agency Envisions Japan's Badge System
(JAPAN ECONONfIC JOURNAL, 13 Jan 81) 26
Tool Numbering Device Contract Set With UK Manufacturer
(JAPAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL, 13 Jan 81) .............o........ 27
- a- fIII - ASTA - 111 FOUOJ
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run urrlAlltu. uOr. uNLr.
- Robot Makers Shift Stress To Improving Ssles Outlets
(JAPAN ECON(7NiIC JOURNAL, 13 Jan 81) 28
MHI Starts Sales of Welding Robots to Automakers
(JAPAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL, 13 Jan 81) 29
Postal Minister I7irects NTT To Study I?econtrol
(JAPAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL, 13 Jan 81) 30
Hope for New Technology Breakthrough Expressed
(Editorial; JAPAN ECONMIC JOURNAL, 13 Jan 81) 31
TDK Develops Electrode Utilizing Palladium Oxide
(JAPAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL, 13 Jan 81) 33
First Computer for Analyzing Enzymes Developed
(JAPAN ECONOMIC JOURNAI,, 13 Jan 81) 34
Flat Vacuum Box Developed for Collecting Salar Energy
(JAPAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL, 13 Jaxi 81) 35
Technology Data Exchange in Asia Will Be Suggested
(JAPAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL, 13 Jan 8:1) 36
New Screening Method for Discovery of New Drugs
(JAPAIv ECONCMIC JOURNAL, 13 Jan (31) 37
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_W
ECONOMIC
JA.PAN DEVELOPMENT BANK FOCUSES INTEREST ON ENERGY
Tokyo BUSINESS JAPAN in English Dec 80 pp 30, 31
[Interview with Takatomo Watanabe, governor of the Japan Developmeat Bank]
[Text]
N its December 1979 issue, Business JAPAN carried an
I interview with Takatomo Watanabe who had been
appointed Govemor of the Japan Development Bank (JDB)
in March that year. He is the second official from the Bank
of Japar, after Risaburo Ohta, to have been appointed
Govemor of the JDB and is the sixth Govemor so far. The
other four have been ex-Ministry of Finance vice ministers.
Watanabe joined the Bank of Japan in 1939 after
graduation from the former Tokyo Imperial University
(Tokyo Universiry). He waked in the general affairs and
sales departments, both of which he headed. In April 1975
he was appointed vice Govemor of the JDB, and Govemor
four years later. Bom in 1916, he is 64 years otd. During
our conversation with Mr. Watanabe, his enthusiasm with
respect to the importance of providing banking services to
Japanese industry was constantly apparent along with an
unusually firm resolve to deal with the increasingly difficult
problems of environmental protection and energy. (Inter-
viewed by Shozo Hochi, Editor�in-Chief, Business JAP.4N)
QUESTION: What was the reason for the establishment of
the Japan Development Bank and how has the bank
developed7
ANSWER: As stipulated by law, the reason for establishing
the JDB was to promote the development of industry and
the expansion of economic activides through the provision
of low-interest, long-term loans to industries and to
complement and encourage carnmercial banking institu-
rions. In accordance with the times, JDB has extended
~ loans in line with the needs of the country's economic
development projects.
Consequently, JDB's loan priorities have kept changing
with the times. The bank was established in 1951. Its initial
capitalization was V-10,000 million, but today it has
increased to V234,000 million, with outstanding loans
totalling as much as V4,900,000 million. At the time of the
bank's establishment, priority was given to industries, such
as power, coal, steel and shipping, which would contribute
to the rehabilitation of Japan's devastated economy.
The power and steel industries achieved remazkable Bowth.
Only the shipping industry has remained unchanged, and
we are continuing to provide financial assistance in the
form of loans. As for the coal industry, it has long since
_ been uut of the economic picture.
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From about 1963, the redevelopment of large cities
~ required more loans, and the elimination of community
differences, i.e., local development, became important.
During the years from about 1972 to 1976, investments in
anti-pollution projects greatly increased. In addition, large
loans were extended for technological promodon and
development. For example, loans were provided to help
place on a commercial basis the production of Sony's
Trinitron color television sets, Toyo Kopyo's rotary en-
gines, Hitachi's large�scale integrated circuits and Honda
Motor's CVCC engines. We have constantly sought to
nurture the latest industries and new businesses.
Following the energy crisis, we have been providing
loans in connection with measures for the acquisition or
development of energy resources, such loans now account-
ing for a large share of our fmancing. In fiscal 1980, energy
resources-related loans amounted to V321,000 million, or
approximately 30% of the over Y-1,000,000 million in loans
planned. Invalved are nuclear energy, petroleum, energy
diversification, promotion of the utilization of alternate
energy, and conversion of oil to thermal fuel. These items
account for 40% of the total in the 1981 fiscal plan.
Q: Of the V1,000,000 million in loans to be aliocated this
fiscal year, 9.4% will go to shipping, 1796 to urban
- development, 1296 to improvement of national livelihood
and 10% to technological promotion. Nuclear energy
' accounu for a high of 11%. From what standpoint are loaris
for nuclear development being extended?
- A: They are very important. We are supplying loans with
confidence, our assurance based on the Nuclear Energy
Commission's explanation on safety. There is still a strongly
, rooted distrust among the people with respect to the safety
of nuclear energy, but we trust the explanation of the
, authorities. We regard nuclear energy as an important
1 alternate energy resource that can supplemer:t the use of
petroleum.
Q: In fiscal 1981, loans totalling V-1,500,000 million, or
V500,000 million more than this fiscal year, are planned.
Has the JDB afWays been able during the past 30 years since
its sstablishment to obtain the requested amounts from the
gavernment following negotiations with the Ministry of
Finance?
A: Sometimes it has been reduced by half. At other times
the requested amount has been too large because it
inclu&d the requests of various ministries. Ever since
becoming vice president, I have insisted on reducing the
requested amounts. The ncw planned amount has been
sharply reduced. A portion that has been increased is for
energy resources; the figure comes to Y-300,000 million.
Since the national finances are in a bad way, we cannot
afford to be too insisfent, but we feel that our request to
the Finance Ministry is quite close to the actually required
amount.
Q: What are JDB's priorities for the next fiscal year?
A: I have mentioned providing loans to the energy re-
sources related enterprises and to the shipbuilding industry,
which has recently been shewing si;r.3 of renewed activity.
Priority will also be given to promoting technology in the
computer and electronics fieids and to placing the latest
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domestic technological innovations on a commercial basis.
These include caustic soda production based on the ion
exchange diaphram methocf, development and commerciali-
zation of the next generation domestically manufactured
passenger aircraft and manufxture of a light fiber cable.
You might say, we will provide funds to put the foregoing
on a commercial basis. Investments for pollution prevention
have generally rurt the course, but, recently, investmenu in
new fields have cmerged.
Q: What is the outlook for the Japanese economy in the
1980$?
A: As generally stated, the present period is one of
uncertainty. Also, with the war between Iran and [raq, it is
extremely difficult to make any forecast. With respect to
- the Japai,ese economy, however, there is widespread
prediction of a recession. When public investments by the
government decline, the growth of the Japanese economy
will slow down. But I don't think there will be a serious
recession bec3use demand for investments in plants and
equipment wuLl emerge, stemming from renewal of facilities,
rationalization of operations and a shift to products
demanding a high level of technology. Enterprisss, having
formeriy experienced the tnals of recession, have trimmed
the fat off their operatiflns and strengthened their manage-
ment; hence, they can withstand a certain amount of
reduced production. As long as the world ecortomy das
not get any worse, I think the situation will continue on an
even plane. A slow, stable growth should be achieved.
- The United States s suffering from inflation, and the
- rise in ofl prices is exerting an oppressive factor on the
world economy. In view of this, l, for one, am hoping tha
the U.S. government authorities will manage their economy
with the required skill because the state of the American
economy has the greatest effect on Japan. Unless the U.S.
quickly overcomes inflation, its economy will not improve.
_ However, I expect it to recover relatively quickly.
Q: Ronald Reagan has been elected the next president of
: the United States. What do you expect of his new
- administration?
A: Aside from political matters, I would like to see the
new administration quickly overcome inflation, achieve
stable prices and take proper steps to prevent the world
economy from getting any worse. It appears that all the
industrially advanad nations are giving priority attention
to measures to stabilize prices.
Q: Have you any comment to make on the hiking of oil
prices bY the producing countries? Do you think prices will
rise even higher hereafter?
A: It is necessary for all consuming nations to make efforts
for, or procxed with, the development of alternate energy
sources to cope with the actions of the oil producing
countries. Ir this connection, we are looking to the United
States far leadership. The raising of crude oil prices
fourfold at the time of the first oil ceisis was shocking, but
the market hereafter will move in accordance with the
international su?ply and demand situation. The oil pra
ducers might no:' be able to raise prices even if they wanted
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to. Of course, it will also depend on how the consuming
nations deal with the problem of conserving energy
resou rces.
I believe the IEA's policy is good. It would be ideal if
the conswning countries could manage to accommodate each
other with oil... We would like to see the Iran-Iraq conflict
setded at an early date since its prolongation wiil affect the
domestic stockpi!es of Japan and other countries. Even if
the war ends, it will take a long timc before the situation
recovers. !t's a difficult problem.
Q: in what way can tfie Japanese economy contribute to
the development of the worid economy in the '80s7
A: 1 will be -repeating myself, but Japan should take
thorough measures to save on energy, strive to develop
alternate energy, and not only cooperate intemationally
but make efforts on its own to undertake transition to an
industrial structure that can exert a positive role.
Furthermore, it should promote technological develop-
ment. For example, in the field of large projects, it is
jointly undertaking coal liquefaction with the United
States, which [ think is a good thing. I would also like to
see Japan become involved in nuclear fusiori projects
through international cooperation. And, above all, Jaaan
should extend positive assistance to the non-oil producing
developing countries.
We should encourage the circulation of funds among all
countries, including che oil producing nations. After ascer-
taining what is best for the development of another
country, we should extend our help if at all possible. We
should seek to establish a system whereby we obtain
resources on the basis of the rule of mutual friendship and
prosperity.
Despite being a major economic power, Japan is not
capable of providing funds for external investments to the
extent that would be expected. Consequently, Japan
should, taking into account govemment and public con-
sensus, use most effectively what strength it has for world
peace and prosperity.
Q: I can see that the work of JDB is directly related to the
abrne tasks far Japan and that it plays an extremely
important role. We are looking forward to its playing an
even more active role in the future. Thank you. 0
COPYRIGHT: 1980 The Nihon Kogyo Nihon
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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
MITI FORECASTS NUCLEAR ENERGY SUPPLY WILL NOT RF:ACh 1980 GOAL
- Tokyo NIHON KOGYO SHMUN in Japanese 12 Dec 80 p 1
[Article: "MITI Leaders Forecast Nuclear Power for 1990; 43 Million KW Is
Limit in Present Situation; Hasten Site Promotion Palicy"]
[Text] It was revealed on the llth that under present circumstances it will be
difficult to meet the nuclear power station goal (between 53 and 51 million KW in
fiscal 1990) in the alternative energy supply goals set by the cabinet at the
beginning of this month. On that day officials of the Ministry of International
Trade and Industry made kriown their forecast that, "output in fiscal 1990 will be
no more than 43 million KW," and the Resources and Energy Agency expressed its
thinking that (1) 1990 output would be 45.369 million KW at the maximum, and that
(2) the alternative energy supply goal would be brought down to the lower level of
51 million KW. MITI feels that in order to break out of this situation and reach
the levels of the supply goals, it will be necessary to establish a site coopera-
tion grant next year for nuclear power facilities. At the same time it will be
the policy of MITI to simplify administrative procedures for construction of
nuclear power stations in order to shorten the preparatory period between the
decision by the Power Development Council and the start of construction (now
about 4 years) to 2 years.
In Japan there are 21 power reactors with a total output of 14,952,000 KW now in
operation. The Energy Agency's estimate includes the 11 reactors and 9,779,000
KW under construction, and the three reactors and 3,150,000 KW in the planning
stage (not get approved by the Power Development Council), for 35 reactors and
only 27,881,000 KW total output in fiscal 1990.
The alternative energy supply goals aimed for nuclear power plant construction with
a capacity between 51 and 53 million KW by fiscal 1990, but achieving that is now
seen as quite difficult. The views of MITI leaders and the Resources and Energy
Agency are noted as public recognition of that difficulty.
The electrical power industry has worked out a plan for presentation to the Power
Development Council for seven reactors and 6,744,000 KW this year, and for fiscal
1981 it hopes to present the Council plans for 12 reactors and 12,315,000 RW:
Tohoku Electric Power's Shimokita (1,100,000 KW), its Namie-Odaka (825,000 KW),
Hokuriku's Noto (500,000 KW), Tokyo's N1 and N2 (1,100,000 KW each), Kansai's
N1 and N2 (1,200,000 KW each), Chugoku's Toyokita 1 and 2(1,100,000 KW each),
Shikoku's Ikata 3(890,000 KW) and Chubu's S and T(1,1.00,000 KW each).
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However, of those proposed for fiscal 1980, all but Tokyo Electric's Kashiwazaki-
_ Kariwa 2 and 5, on which the first public hearings have been completed, experienced
difficulties in acceptance by local residents.
The Energy Agency's forecast of "a maximum of 54,369,000 KW in fiscal 1990" in-
cludes such plants as Hokkaido's Kyowa-Tomari nr 1, Chugoku's Shimane nr 2,
Shikoku's Ikata nr 3, Kyushu's Genkai nr 3, and Tohoku's Namie-Odaka, Maki and
Shimokita. But the MITI leaders take an even harsher view and say tnat,
"achievemenC of the higher value of the Energy Agency's estimate would be impos-
sible; the lii.iit is probably 43 million KW." An official of the Energy Agency
agrees that, "there is a good chance of er.ding up at 43 million KW,"
Because of this, NITI and the Resources and Ene ;y Agency have strengthened appeals
to various quarters to make every effort to bring about the creation of four
grants to promote selection of sites for power plants, and especially the site
cooperation grant for nuclear power facilitie^ which has experienced difficulty
in the form of resistence by the Finance i-Linistry.
Administrative procedures governing construction of nuclear power plants are quite
numerous. These procedures could be sped up if a method �aere adopted winereby the
work on approval went forward simultaneously in all the ministries and agen;.ies
involved, so MITI and the Energy Agenc; hope to reduce the Freparatory period
between the decision of the Power Development Council and the commencement of con-
struction from the present 4 years to 2 years. They also hope to greatly shorten
the preparatory and constructior_ periods, which now require 15 years from the
presentation to local residents to cumpletion, and thus bring the actual output in
fiscal 1990 as close as possible to the lower limit of the supply goals.
COPYRIGHT: Nihon Kogyo Shi.mbunsha 1980
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- SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
RESEARCH FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE HIGH-STRENGTH MATERIALS PROMOTED
Tokyo NIKKATT KOGI'0 SHIMBUN in Japanese 11 Dec 80 p 5
[Article: "New Materials Research Association: Sights Set an Er..ergy Savings;
Organic/Metallic Polymers R?placed by Inorganic Materials?]
- [Text] The tdew Materials Research Association (64 c.ompanies--headed by Tokyo Uni-
versity professor emeritus Shigeru Takeuchi), which serves as a bridge for trans�er
_ of technology between the inciustrial and academic worlds, has 5et its sights on the
transfer of technology focused on new energy and energy-conservation materials, and
at the same t~me plans to educate materials researchers in private firms. Now that
introduction of overseas technology has become difficult, there has been consider-
able growth in the need to transfer new technology from the university laboratories
where it sprouts to the industrial world, as well as between nations and between
industrial sectors. In particular, new materials form the foundation far break-
throughs to revolutionary technology, and thus for the creation of new areas of
industry; for that reason there is great need for a tight bond between the indus-
trial and academic worlds. The Research Association is now seeking strong high-
temperature structural materials, and is planning for the education of young
, researchers in the private sector who will put their effort into technology trans-
fer for methods for synthesis of new materials--including the switch to inorganic
matarials from materials based on organic/metallic polymers--and who will take the
' burden of applied research and development for the industrial use of such materials.
Study of the technological problems of predicting new materials and their practical
applicat#.ons should not be done just from ttie perspective of the scholar; consider-
ation of the aspect of priv3te industrial technology which will create commercial
= products is indispensable. Particularly in regard to inorganic materials which go
beyond the limiting factors characteristic of inetals and alloys as structural and
functional materials, elucidation of the sinter structure, which i.s indispensable
for the prz:.cical application af these materials, is incomplete, and there are still
many technological problems in the areas of forming and processing such materials.
It is thus necessary far the industrial and academic worlds to unite in dealing with
accumiilation of basic data and studies of future techniques for industrialization
and the scope of application of these techniques.
It is the New Mate.rials Research Association which serves as a binder in this union
of industry and academia. It began in September of 1979 with such key members as
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_ Takeuchi, its present head, Japan Standards Association advisor Eizaburo Nishibori,
Kyoto University Chemisery Institute Director Toshio Takada, Industrial Development
Institute Director Hiroshi Okado, and professors Seishi Yajima and Toshio Hirai of
Tohoku University's metallurgical laboratory. It encompasses 64 companies, pri-
marily manufacturers of special materials.
About 20 items of materials technology--including "Use of Borosiloxane Polymer as
a Heat Resistant Industrial Material," "The Future of Noncrystalline Metals as
Industrial Materials," "Trends in New Magnetic Materials" and so on--have already
been introduced to private firms and some plans for transfer of technology for in-
troduction have gone forward. Nevertheless, there are many cases where development
- of materials is goal-oriented and is overtaken by needs; the risks for private in-
dustry are great.
On 13 January the Research Association will hold a seminar on "How Should Materials
Development be Done?" by Takeuchi, Nishibori and Matsushita Electric executive and
radio laboratory director Yoshio Iida, and wi11 probe policies for materials
development. At the same time it hopes to contribute to the development of young
materials researchers and creative talent using the example of materials develop-
ment methods under new conditions, such as with silicon nitride and super-fine
powder or chemica.l vapor deposition (CVD).
COPYRIGHT: Nikkan Kogyo Shimbunsha 1980
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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPID TO PRODUCE POLYCRYSTALLINE SINTERS
Tokyo NIKKAN KOGYO SHIMBUN in Japanese 5 Dec 80 p 4
_ [Text) Integrated research by the Science and Technology Agency has produced the
technology to combine granular diamond or cubic boron nitride crystals under ultra-
- high pressure, and thus produce large polycrystalline sinters. Diamond and boron
nitride are by themselves hard, and single crystals are used industrially in such
things as cutting tools, but Japan is the first country to establish the technology
to produce polycrystalline sinters. Because it has been confirmed that the poly-
crystalline sinters synthesized by the Science and Technology Agency are adequate
for use in super-hard tools, a diversification of uses as a new material in the
industrial sector is an ticipated.
Substances like diamonds that are characterized by superior hardness have traditionally
been used industrially for cutting tools in the form of single crystals. But as
single crystals (diameter 100 to 500).& their uses have bQen limited, so by synthe-
sizing these as large polycrystalline sinters (about 10 mm), an expansion of their
use as a industrial material could be brought about. Research to this end has thus
- been pursued in countries like the United States and the Soviet Union. That is,
, synthesis of polycrystalline sinters was expected to bring new advantages such as
reduced breakage, hamogeneity, tiigh strength, and free se_lection of shape.
Therefore, in 1976 the Science and Technology Agency chose "integrated research on
- synthesis of sinter material using ultrahiglz pressure" as a research topic for special
research pramotion and coordination expenditures. With a 3-year program of cooperation
between the Science and Technology Agency's National Institute for Researches in
Inorganic Materials, the Industrial Science and Technology Agency's Osaka Industrial
Technology Laboratory and its Nagoya Industrial Laboratory, research was carried out
on synthesis of polycrystalline sinters of diamand and of cubic boron nitride, and
on uses for such sinters. The result was the capability for regular experimental
production, under pressures of 55 to 65 kilobars and temperatures of 1700�C, of large
polycrystalline sinters about 7 mm in diameter and 5 mm lang.
The production method is as follows: First, the surface of fine diamond particles is
treated with graphite. Then they are subjected to a temperature of 1700�C and a
pressure of 65 kilobars, using a sodium chloride pressure medium in an ultrahigh-
pressure generating device. Using the same process with cubic crystals of boron
nitride, it is possible to obtain superhard materials with a Vickers hardness over
7,000 kg (per mm2). ,
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' When the cutting capability of diamond and boron nitride sinters produced in this way
were examined, using aluminum alloyed with 20-percent silicon, the diamond type showed
excellent cutting characteristics, arith little adhesion to constituent blade edges
and flanks.
' Good results were obtained with the boron nitride tyge on high-carbon, high-chrome
bearing steel SUJ; flank wear was under 0.25 mm in 15 minutes, and surface roughness
~ less than 3 � . When cutting tests were made under the same conditions on such bear-
ing materials as SKD11, SKJ3, SNMC8, and tungstencarbide, flank wear was always less
than 60 percent that of traditional cutting tools, and the tools lasted an average
1.7 times longer.
COPYP.IGHT: Nikkan Kogyo Shimbunsha 1980
9601
CSO: 4105
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SCIENCE AND TECHIdOLOGY
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GALLIUM ARSENIDE
Tokyo MAINICHI DAILY NEWS in English 31 Dec 80 p 19
[TextJ The ~�1981 ~^International '
Sympasium on Gallium Ar-
senide and Related Compounds
will be held SepL 20 W 23, 1981.
at Oiso Prince Hotel. Oiso,
Kanagawa Prefecture, a
seasicte resort about 70 kn from
Tokyo, under the sponsorship of
the Institute of Electronics and
Commtmicati0n Engineers of
Japan. This meetinQ will form a
seqnel to the 1980 Symposium in
Vienna Inall. 350 participants
representing 22 countries are
'expected to attend
The aceas to be covered by
the Symposium will be material
preparation,_, material
char8qterizatian, device
physics, optaelectronic devices,
microvvave devices.� gallium
arsenide IC, and other device
techmlogy. ' .
More than 10 years have
passed since gaWam arsenide
first 'attracted atientioo as a
third semiconductor tollowing
geranium and silicone. ]n 1966,
wpen moves w develop a
gallium- arsenide device were
coming to the fore, the First
International Symposium oq
Gallium- Arsenide and Related
Compounds was held in
England. Siace then this
Symposium has been held every
othec year in Europe 4nd the
United'States alternately, the
eight6 Symposium took place in
1980.
This Symposium is marked
by researc6 reports apd
di5cussions oa a wide scope
ranging irom the ciystalline
(ormation aad physical
Pmperties of gallium arsenide
to its application in devices.
From tbe third Symposium the
scope was expanded to
chemical compounds other than
gallium arsenide. The Sym.
posinm 6as been highly
evaluated as a valuable place
for tbe euhange ot informatlon
by researcLecs in this field.
In receat years. remarkable
progress has been made in
Japan in the field of gallium
arsenide and reiated cbm-
Pottnds, reaching the'Iront line
worldwide level. At the meeting
of the Executive Committee for
the 1977 Symposium, it was
Dropesed- that Japan be added
to the' veflnes arid tor the
meetings W be held iQ Ewbpe,
Japan and the United States in
turn. with the 1981 SymQosium
in Japan. .
W'hlte silicon device
technology.-centerfng on 4SI's,
was reac6ing matarity,
research on gallium arsenide
and other cheatical compound
semiconductors enabied the
realizat[on of microwave
elemeats indispensable tor
satellite communications and
ultrahigh freqnedcy com-
munications, semiconductor
laser indisQensable for optical
cable commanicatioas,= aod
light emitting diodes. ' In ad-
dition, they have' attracted
great interest as materials for
logic elements of ultrahi~
speed.coanputers in the future
and as materials for solar
batterie,s. At a time wlm cew
anticipation in gallitim arsenide
and related Compounds, � is
ris}ng, the- important
significance af dolding a
Symposium in Japan was
recognized and the pmpusal to
do so was accepied with the
strong hope that fruitful results
will be achieved.
Character, Aims
In contrast to silicone
semiconductor devices, which
have made rapid prngress in
connection with the develop-
ment of L.SI technology In
recent years, chemical com-
pound semiconductors cen-
tering on gallium arsenide
(gallium phosphorus, Sallium
aluminum arsenide, indium
gallium phosphorus arsenide,
etc. ) possess unique electrical
and optical properties not seen
in silicone. They have played a
big role in realizing microwave
elements indispensable tor
ultra 6igh frequency com-
muaicatfons suo as satellite
communications, semicon-
dactor leser indispensable for
optical cable communications,
and light emitting diodes.
Recently in addition to these
devices, research and
developmeat is being conducted
widety for use as logic device in
ultrahigh speed rnmputer, hiBb
ef5cieacy solar- ba"y,, _and
high speed lig6t detection
eyuipment. Research is also
being advanced oa tfieir use tor
integrated circuits aad optical
I~'s. . .
11
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Neveitheless, because ot the
complex composition and
diversifjcation of thelr physical
Properties wben compared with
silicdn(., , formation and
evaluation techniques Qt the
materials have not necessarilY
been tully established as yet. A
part ot the device charac-
teristics has reached the stage
of appZication and their im-
_ portance is widely recogftized,
but in order to develap new
functions and 'unprove the
charaeteristics, ttsete is a need
to return to basic technology.
and carry out many studies�
AE. tgis Symposium, the
results of the latest research on
- galliain atsenide, gallium
PhosPhonts and related three-
, dtmensionad aod fourth-
dimensional chemical com-
pound semiconductors wW be
gAppUnCQd. AA llltEi11a10A3l
venue: will be pmvided tor
discussing these reports,
contributing thereby to turther
researcd in this 6eld.
12eports ot research on
chemical compouad
semiconductors bave been
made in the past at two or three
_ international conferences,
including the International
Semiconductor Conference, but
this Symposium :4 thee only oae
in which consistent ao-
noimcement of reports and
dlscussions has taken place
trom basic research to ap-
plicatlon on compound
semiconductors slone.* cen-
tering on gallium arseaide.
Program Commfttee-
Chairman, T. Sugano,
University ot Tokyo. SecreCarY,
M.. Fujimoto, Musashino
Electrica! Communications
Lab: NTT.
General Affairs Committee-
Chairman. S. Funikawa, Tokyo
Institute ot Techoology.
Secretary, T. Moriizumi, Tokyo
Institute of Technology.
Treasurer-M. Watanabe.
Musashino Electrical Com-
municatiuns Lab, NTT.
semiconductor charac-
ceristics.
3. Devices tor optodectronics
(laser, llght emittag diode,
p
met~t,
light detectioa V
etc.). 4. Solaz battery.
5. Microwave devices.
6. Highspeedlogicdevices.
7.Other new devices and
` devicetechnotogy.
Among the notables expected
to attend tttyee Symposium ftam
abtoad ace:
Austria
H.W. Thim cTechaische
Universit$t, Wienl
W. Fallmann (Technische
UaiversitAt, Wien) Gnada .
J.C. Dyment (Bell Northern
Research I.aboratory) �
Ftance -
` J.L. Tesmer (D.R.M.E.)
N.T. I.inh (Thomsop CSF
Laboratory) -
J.P. Duchemin (Thomson
CSF Labocatory) J. Michel tE.N.R.S) .
A. Jouille (Universite de
Montpellfer)
J. Magarschack
(Laboratories D'Elec-
trnnigue et de Pdysique
Applique)
GermanY
P. Balk ( Technisehe
UniversitAkAachen) H. Beneking (Technische
UniversitAt, Aacben)
'H. HBrtnagel (Technische
Uaiversitit, Darmstadt)
W. Heywang (Siemens A.G)
K.H. Zscdauer (Siemens
A.G. )
H. WeHter (Stemens A.G. ) H.. Quefsser (Max-Plack
institut Far FKF)
A. Schlachetski (Femnaeld
Techniche Zentralamt)
H. Strack cA.E.G.
Tdehmkeal
W. Hart6. (Technische
Uaiversitat, Mpnchen)
R. Kersten (Technische
UmversitAt, Berlin)
H. Pilkuhn (UniversitiC
Stuttw)
12
FOR OFFZCIAL USE ONLX
Secretary-T. Suzuki.
Musashiao ElecMcal Com-
mualcatlons Lab. IV'1'T.
The InternatioAal GaAs
Symposium Advisory com-
mittee comprises the followiag:
R.J.. Archer, Hewlett '
Packard.
J.V. Dilorenzo, Bell
Laboratories.
W. Heywang. Sieaiens AG.
C. Hlslum. Buyal Signals and
RadarEstablisbmenk; .
N. Holynayak, Uaiversity of
Illinois.
H.W.' Thim, Tec6nical
University ot V[enna.
Tbe Secretary ot the 1981
Symposium is Professor T.
Ikoma. Institnte of Indusfrial
Scienm i3niversity ot Tokyo.
The -British Institute ot
Physics has cooperated
thcoughout witti� this in-
ternatiooal symposium. .
. SChCdule-
Septetnber 20. 1981 �(Stm.)-
Registratioa in the afternooa
September 21 -(Mon.)-
Registration CQpt1nUEd.
Opening ceremony in tbe
moroing. Committee meetings
in the aitecno0n. AecePtion at,
night. September 22 (Tues.)-
Committee meetings in tte
moming and atternoon� LamR.
session t night.
September 23 (Wed.)-
Committce meetings in the
moming and afternooa- LamP
session at nigbt. .
To be taken uP at the Sym-
posium is a broad research Celd
ranging fmm materials to
devices concerniag III-V
compound semiconductors,
centering on GaAs (GaP,
GaALAs. InGaPAs, etc. The
main subjects will be: "
1. Crystalline tormatfon
materials processiag
technologies.
2. Tecbnologies tor analysis
and evaluation of
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,1
B.G. Bosch (Ru6t Univer-
sitat, Bocfium )
NetherlAnda
G. A. , Acket (Philips
Reseamll Laboratory)
Swederu -
'P. Weissglass (Royal In-
stitute oiTechnology )
Switzerland
G. Epprecht ( Eidgen3ssiscbe
Technische Hochshule)
United Kiagdom
C. Hislum (Royal,Signal and
Radar Estabtishment )
-C. Stanley fUniversity.
G1asgow>
B.A. Joyce (P6ilips Research
Labocatory)
A.R. Goodwin (Standard
Telecommunlcation
Laboratory)
. B.E. Barry (Standard
Telecommunfcation
Laboratory) '
T. Ambridge (British Post
Otfice) .
M.J. Cardwell (Allen Clark
Research Center)
U.SA. N. Holoayak (University ot
Illinois) .
G.E. Stillman (University of
Illinois) '
~ L.F. Eastman (Cornell
University)
J. Frey (CornellUniversity)
K. Lehovec (Umversity of
Southem California )
W.T. Lindley (Lincoln
Laboratory, MIT)
W. Spicer (Stantord
Univecsity )
New Semiconductors Enter Spotlight
For the. lnternational Sym-
posium on Gallium Arsenide
and Related Compounds to be
held in Japan is a very happy
event. T6is is because iG retlects
Japan's high level of research
and development in this field.
which is leading the world.
Semiconductors of GaAs and
related compounds are the su-
called III-V compound
semiconductors whic6 6ave
entered t6e spotlight as new
C.M. Wolte (Washington
University)
L. Esaki (IBM Watson
ResearchCeater) .
L.L. Chang ([BM Watson
Research Center)
J.V. Dilorenao (Bell
Laboratories)
R.E. Nahory (Bell
I,aboratorie.g)
A.Y. Cbo (Bell Laboratories)
H. Ktessel (RCA Laboratory)
R.J. Arc6er (Hewlett-
Packard Resprch Center )
H.B. KIm (Hughes Research
Laboratory)
G.A. Aatypas (Varian
Associates) .
R.D. Burn6am (Xerox
Research Center)
H.F. Lockwood (Exzon
Laboratory)
J.S. Harris (Rockwell In-
ternational Science Center)
D.W.Shaw (Texas In-
sA ament)
J.A. Rossi (Monsaato
Researc6 Laboratory)
Y.S. Pazk (AFAL, Wright-
Pattetson) .
E.M. Swiggard (Naval
Re.geat+ch Laboratory)
semicoaductor materials next
only to silicone used widely in
transistors and LSI';s. These
compound semiconductors
6ave outstanding charac-
teristics not possessed by
silicone. It is possible by using
fhese materials to produce
lumidous devices and the
possibilities for manufactu~mg
micro'waves with hig6er
trequencies and more rapid
response then silicooe, as well
as ultrahigh speed integrated
circuits are amoag the ex-
cellent c6aracterfstics. If we
can -conquer componnd
semiconductors, realization of a
high caQacity optical com-
munications nehvork will be
facilitated and tbe practical
applicabon of ultraWgh speed
computers will become
possibte.
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_ Nevertheless, in order to
_ make actual application of
these outstanding charac-
teristlcs, it is oecessary to have
a good understacuiing of these
materials' prgperttes and
promote crystalJinp growt6
technology, togeEber with
processing technology, to a
higher level, and aLso to un-
derstand the action of the
devices fully. Differing frnm
simple silicone semiconductors,
compound semiconductors are
formed of two difterent
elements such as Ga and As, or
in the case of three d'unensional
or tourth-dimensional com-
binations, they become
semiconducto[s made trom In,
Ga. As or Ga, Al, As or with P
added. Or they may be
semiconductors consisting of
four elements. The Qraperties of
these materials are very
comples and the technology for
using and controlling them will
also become extretuely dif�
ficult. Notwithstanding, stnce it
is this very cflmplexity that
expands the materials'
possibilities, we must overcome
the complexity and difficulties.
In order to do so, there is a
need for ttwse who are active in
this field - experts in cher-
modynamics, experts in
physical properties, engineers
well versed in crystalline for-
mation and evaluation
techniques, and researchers
who manufacture and analyze
devices - W gather together,
exchange informadon aad hold
discussions so as taezpand new
development. 'lbis Symposium
is being held to provide a place
for such activities.
We welcome active par-
ticipation not only trom the
United States and European
countries including Germany,
Fraace and the United
Kingdom, together with
Canada, bui aLsn frnm oeig6-
boring People's Republic of
China, Australia and the
Republic of Korea. ,
COPYRIGHT: Mainichi Daily News, 1980
CSO: 4120
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SCIENCE AND TECfNOLOGY
THIRD INTERNATIONA.L CONGRESS ON POLYMERS IN CONCRETE PIANNED
Tokyo MkINICHI IYkILY NEWS in English 31 Dec 80 p 21
[Text] The Third Internationa.l Congress on Polymers in Concrete w111 be held at
Nihon University's ColZege of Engineering at K,oriyama, Fukushima Prefecture, from
May 13 through May 15, 1981.
Cement concrete has been a popular construction material throughout the world for
the past 150 years. "Polymer concrete," a material which ha.s been developed to
improve concrete performance, has recently come into wide use in the world
construction industry.
The congress to be held in Koriyama will be the first Polymer Concrete Congress
to be held in Japan and also in Asia. The first Congress was held in London in
May 1975 and the second was held at Texas Uaiversity in the United Statea in
October 1978.
The main purpose of the Congress, to be held every three yea.rs, is to disseminate
~ information on Polymers in Concrete through the presentation of papers and dis-
cussions related to polymer concrete process technology, properties and so on,
Since Japan has been known for its basic and applied researches of Polymers in
Concrete together with the Uni.ted States, Gerarany and Britain, the presentations
and discussions at the Third International Congress will co3tribute greatly to
furthering mutua.l friendship among participants and to promoting exchanges of _
knowledge, thus fulfilling the objectives of the Congress.
The ma.in themes of the session are 1) worldwide use of Polymers in Concrete,
2) properties and applications of polymer-modified concrete (Mortar), 3) process
_ technology, properties and applications of resin concrete (Mortar), 4) process
technology, properties of polymer-impregnated concrete, S) gypsumn-polymer composite,
_ 6) concrete-sulfur composite, 7) applications of adhesives and coating in concrete
work, and 8) new applications of concrete with polymers.
About 110 papers are expected to be presented to the Congress. Although Japan is
one of the five advanced nations in the field of Polymers in Concrete, the struc-
' tural use of the polymers in concrete, namely polymer-modified concrete (mortar),
resin concrete (mQrtar) and polymer-impregnated cancrete, is yet to be developed.
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The future of polymers in concrete is very pramising as a new construction material,
It is expected that the developmsnt of mass production technology and rationalized
speedy application methods, as well as an improved balance between the quality and
economy of polymers in concrete, will contribute toward a renovation of engineering `
� and architectural technologyo
- The provisional program of tha Third International Congreas is as follows: -
_ May 13
9.00--Registration
10.30--Opening Session
13o00--Plenary Session
1) Worldwide use of Polymers in Concrete
2) Properties and Applications of polymer-modified concrete (mortar)
18o30--Welcoming reception at the Koriyama View Hotel
May 14
9,00--Plenary Session
1) Process Technology, Properties and Applications of Resin Concrete
2) Process Technology, Properties and Applications of Polymer-iuapregnated Conerete
10.00--Iadies' program
18,30--Barbecue party at the Koriyama View Hotel
May 15
9o00--Plenary Session
1) Gypsum-Polymer Coiuposite
2) Concrete Sulfur Composite
3) Applications of Adhesives and Coating in Concrett Work
4) New Applications of Concrete with Polymers
17o00--Conclusions and Closing Ceremony
Buring the session, simultaneous interpretation in English and Japanese will be
provided. Documents are to be prepared in English.
A post-Congress technical tour is also planned for participants and accompanying
persons to vi.sit an institution related to the Congress themes and to see more of
Japano
The major themes of the Congress are based on various fields of science such as
civil engineering, architecture, material science and chemistry. In this regard,
the study of polymers in concrete belongs to an interdisciplinary field, accounting
_ for the participation of various academic and technical societies and associations
in the Congresso
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m
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~
~
The Third International Congress sponsored by Nihon University is supported by the
A,dhesion Society ef Japan, American Concrete Institute (USA), Architectural Insti-
tute ot- Japan, the Building Contractors Society, the Cement Association of Japan,
the Ceramic Society of Japan, the Concrete Pole and Pile Association, the Concrete
Society (U.K.), tlie Education Board of Koriyama City, the Fukushima Prefectural
Architectural Society, Fukushima Prefecture, the Japan Concrete Adari.xture Associa-
- tion, the Japan Concrete Institute, the .apan Construction Materials Association,
the Japan Society for Composite Materials, the Japan Testing Center for Construc-
- Lion Materials, *_he Japan Society of Epoxy Resin Technology, the Institute of
_Gypsum and Lime ResParchr Koriyama City, the Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp., -
the Prestressed Concrete Engineering Association, the Society of Materials Science,
Japan, and the Society of Polymer Science, Japan.
Members of the organizing committee of the Congress are as follows:
K. 0'.-:ada, (Honorary Chairman, Kyoto Ui?.iversity), T. Fukuchi (Chairma.n, Nihon
University), Y. Ohama (Co-chairman and secretary, Nihon University), S. Akihama
(Kajima Corporation), Y. Arai (Nihon University), A. Enami (Nihon University,)
K. Hirai (Teheku University), S. Inobe (Hokkaido Prefectural Cold Region Building
Itesearch Institute), K. Imamura (Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp.), Kasai
(Nihon University), M. Kawakami (Akita University), T. Kawano (Onoda Cement Co.,
Ltd.), K. Kawase (Building Research Institute, Ministry of Construction), Y. Kitada
(Nihon University), K. Kobayashi (University of Tokyo), E. Koh (Hokka3do Univers-
ity), W. Koyanagi (Gif-ii University), H. Kubota (Takenaka Komuten Co,,, Ltd,),
Y. Matsui (Nihon l)niversity), J. Motooka (Nihon University), T. Mukai (Meiji
University), S. Nagataki (Tokyo Institute of Technology), S. Nishioka (Nihon
Cement Co., Ltd.), S. Ohgishi (Nagoya Institute of Technology), M. Sawaide (Shimi-
zu Construction Co., Ltd.), A. Takagi (Nihon University), S. Takagi (Sumitomo
Cement Co., Ltd.), K. Takano (Japan Testing Center for Construction Materials),
E. Tazawa (Taisei Corporation), Y. Tsuruta (Taisei Corporation), and A. Watanabe
(Kyushu Institute of Technology).
The Third International Congress on Polymers in Concrete to be held in Koriyama
will offer the participants an opportunity to gain new knowledge and experience
in this Field, especially because in recent years there have been numerous
advances in the research and development of technology for the use of polymers
in concrete.
COYYItLGtIT: Mainichi Daily News 1980
CSO: 4120
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rux urrtCtAL u6h UNLY
SCIENCE AND TECIINOLOGY
INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIIJM ON INDUSTRIAL ROBOTS
Tokyo MAINICHI DAILY NEWS in English 31 Dec 80 p 22
The Itth International
[TextJ SYmposium on lndustrial
Robots wiU be held at the
Keidanren KaikaR in Tokvo
from OM. 7 through 9 in 1981
under the theme "Human Age
and Robots."
The industrial robot is now
acknowledged as an in-
dispensabte means to improve
productivity. increase in-
vestment return, upgrade
product quality and relieve
workers trom dangerous
operations. hard labor and
monotonous work.
The industrial robot has been
pla}nng a very importan[ role to
assure cost reduction and the
numanization of one's working
life. Indusirial robots and ap-
plied systems are highlighted
asthe required means not only
tor mproving productivity but
tor reducing occupational
hazarcis and ailments, therebv
conlributing to the hetterment
ot one's worwng environment
and weliare.
The llth International
Symposium on Industrial
RoiMts (ISIR) will be he{d
under the sponsorship of'the
Japan Industrial Robot
Association and the.Society of
Biomechan;sm. 3apan.
. This symposium wil] be held
in accordance with the
decisions made at the national
c0ordinators' meeting of the 9th
1S1R held in Washington,
L'.S.A., and will follow the lOth
ISIR held in Ylilan. Italy. The
symposium is also the third
international event in Japan
(ollcwinA the 4W IS1R in 1974
and the ith ISIR in 1977.
The ISIR has contributed to
the remarkable development ot
the technology of inaustnal
robots, and the innumerable
industrial robots instaUed have
provided many socioeconomic
impacts on induatry. snch as an
improvement af productrvity
and industrial sa(ety.
The llth ISIR aims at
providing - opportunities for
presenting papers and ex-
ehanging opiniuns on a wide
range of subjec[s such' as
researeh aqd development of
industnal robots, especially the
research and development of
sensing, controllinq.
programming and the
mechanisms of industrial
robots, and newly applied
techniques as well as an
evaluatioo of the economic and
social impacts, and the present
status and forecasts oe the
application of industrial robots.
The Tokyo Symposium is
expected to be attended bY
more than 500 participants trom
over 20 countnes throughout the
world. More than 50 papers are
also expected W be presented on
such themes as research,
development. applications. and
socioeconomic evaluations of
industrial robots.
To make � the - symposium
more tcwtinl, it has also been
decided to hold the '81 ln-
ternational lndusinal Robot
Exhibition from Oct. 8 to 12 at
the Tokyo lnternatioaal Trade
Fair Center m Harumi. Tokyo,
under the joint sponsorship of
tbe Japan Industnal Robot
A.ssociation and the Nikkan
KogyoShimbun Ltd. (lndustnal
Daily News, Ltd.
This exhibition is the third
intemational trade tar of in-
dustnal robots to be held in
Japan apd will (otlow the '74
and 'TI lnternatirnal Indusinal
Robot Exhibitions. All the latest
and advanced industnal robots
and their systems from aU over
the wotld wi11 be exhibited.
The scope � of ihe exhibits
regardinR industnal robots
covers 11 manual manipWafors.
2) fixed or variable sequence
robots. 3 playback robots, 4)
NC robots, 51 intelligence
roboLs, 6) robot application
sy$tems, and 71 related
equipment., .
At the same time. the '81
MeterialHandling Machine and
System Show will be held at the
same place.
The- suggested topics for
papers ot the llth ISIR are as
follows:
1. State-of-the-art and
development trends.
2. Economic and social
evaluations
-Humanization, industrial
safety, reliability,
marketability, socioeconomic
impacts, etc.
3. Standardization ot in-
dustrial robots
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-Definition, classitication,
terminology, symbols, satety,
method of indication and
measurement on functional
characteristics, patent
classification. etc.
4. Research and development
o( mechanisms and software
-WorkinQ functions-
muving, hotding and IocomoUve
functions.
-Control functions-moving
control and teaching (unctions.
robotlanquage.
- M e a s u r e m e n t
capabilities-internal and
exlernal capabilities:
-SensinR and recoqnition
capabilities-sAape, voice, etc.
-Analysis and synthesis-
modWar constructions, built-in
block system, etc.
-New producLs of industrial
robots. -
5. Production systems desiQn
-Manutacturing systems
modeling. cnan-robot systems,
compuler-assisted syslems
design, tlexiblt manutacturing
systems, etc.
6. Applications and
operational experiences
-Lianu(acturing industrial
applications
-Plonmanutacturina in-
dustrial applications, such as
nuctear industry, ocean
development industry, medical
service industry, social w'elfare
serv ice industry, etc. -
-Users' expenences, foture
needs and expectatons.
(National Caordinators )
(Belgium ) F. penis,
Fahclque Natwnale Herstal
(,BufRaria) M.S. Kon-
stantinov, The Central
Laboratory for htanipWators
and Robots. .
(Peopfe's Republic o( China)
h.S Liu. Shanghai University
of Technolop+ (CSSR) J. Buda, Kosice
University
(Denmark ) B. Andersen
Technologicallnstitute. ~
iFinland) A.J. Nie
Technical Research Cenle
Finland. _
(France) P. RabischoriQ;
Unite de �recherches
biomecharuques. M. Leroux,
French Industrial Robot
A.ssociation.
(Gernaany) N.J. Warnecke.
IPA-StuttRart University.
(HunRary ) P. Krisztinicz.
Hungarian Academy of
Sctences
(Italy) V. Nioln, Centro
Ricerche Fiat. M. Somalvico,
Politecnico di Milarro.
(Kofear J. Sed. Korea
Nuclear Fuel I?evelopment
lnstituce.
rNetherlandsl J.B. Eijlets,
Melninger Automation bv.
( Norway i A- TenRs-
Pedersen. Jonas Oglaend A.S.
iPoland ) A. Morecki.
Techmcal University of War-
saw. (Romania) P.N. Nitescu.
Romanian Commission o(
TINt N1-IFToN(bt.
(Spain) F. Simo Prats,
Spanish Industrial Robot
Association. �
(Sweden) A. Arastrom. The
Swedish Inslitute tor Produc-
tion Enioneenng Researeh. N.
Martensson�, lnstitute of
Technolog,v.
(Switzerland) C.W. Burck-
hardt, Ecole Polytechnique
Federale de Lausanne.
t'LIK T.E. Brock, British
Robot Association. W.B.
Heginbotham, Production
Engineering ftesearch
Association. A. Pugh;
University of Null.
(l,'S> B.M. SaUoG Robot In-
stitute of .America. R.C.
htessinger, Cincinnati
hiilacron, lnc.
i USSRt E.I. Yurevich.
Leningrad Polytechnic !n-
stitute.
cYugoslavia D. Hristic,
MihaiIo Pupin Institute.
( Sympasium Organizing
Committse ) .
Chairman: I. Kato. Prof.,
Waseda L'niversity.
Vice-Chairman: K.
Yonemoto. Executive Director,
Japan Industrial Robot
Association.
Members: S. Asai, President,
Tovoda Machine Works. Ltd ;
M.'Fukuda. Managingpirector,
Fuji Electnc Co.. Ltd.: S. Goh-
da, Executive Director. Daido
Steel Co.. Ltd.; H. Hanatusa.
Prot., Kyoto University; Y.
HaseRawa, Prot., waseda
University: Y. Ikeda,
President, Toshiba Seiki Co.,
Ltd.; S. Inaba, President,
Flijitsu Fanuc Co., Ltd.; K.
Kitaura. General Manager,
Mitsubishi Electric Corp.; T.
Kubo, Adviser, Hitachi Ltd.; M.
Mori. Prnf.. Tokyo Instiwte of.
Technology.: M. Nishizawa,
F.xecutive Directnr, Yasukawa
Electnc MfQ., Co.. ;Ltd.; S.
Ozaki. Director General,
Mechnical Engineerinq
Laboratory. 1KITi.: T.. Sala,
Frof.. Tokyo University; K.
Satoh, Director General,
Electrotechnical Laboratory,
MITI: K. Shiomi, Director,
Kawasaki Heaw Industries,
Ltd.: M. Ueda. Prof.. Nagoya
Lniversity; Y. Umetani. Prot.,
Tokyo lnstitute of Technology.
(Woriang Committee)
Chairman: Y. Hasegawa,
Waseda l;niversrty.
htembers: T. Amemiya,
Daido Sleel Co., Ltd.; M.
Irisawa. Kawasaki Heavy
Industries, Ltd:: E. Nakario,
;Nechanical Enqineering
Laboratory, MITf ; N.
Yoshitake, Fujitsu Fanuc Co.,
L[d.
(1ndustrial Robots For
PracUCal Use )
Mare than 10 vears -have
passed since industnal-robots
made.their debuc m Japan in
1968. With the advent ot the
1980s. robots have entered the
age ot practical use in Japan
after qoing through the lran-
sitory age ot the 1970's.
In tact, the production of
industrial robots has been
expanding at a rapid clip in
19
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Mx urTLC;iai. USE UNLY
recent years (or beir . coo-
tribution toward the im-
provement of productivity in
various fndusirial fields and
betterment of working con-
ditions of employeeg.
AccordinQ to SMaemitsu
Asai. Chairmanof the Publicity
Committee of the Japan io-
dustrial Robot ASsoeiation and
President o( Toyota' Machme
Works. Ltd.. the productlon of
industrial robots in Japan was
valued at 21.6 billfon yen in 1977:
tt increased by 12.6 percent
over the previous year to 27.3,
billion yen in 1978. artrJ by 15.5
percent to 42.4 billioa yen in
1979. Praluction in 1980 is ex-
pected to exceed the 60 billion
yen mark, according to Asai.
These tigures speak most
eloquently of the remarkable
advance made in Japan's rotot
manutacturing industry. To
further pmpel the development
of the industry, four specific
measures have been adopted
since the turn of 1980 to mark
the. advent of the aQe of�
:.pracucal use" of industrial
robots. ,
To begin with, a lease system
[or industrial robots was
inauRurated to promote the
introduction of industrial
robots. The Japan Robot LeasP
Co. was established jointly by
various industrial robot
manu(actunng companies.
[n spite of the inereasing
demands for industrial robots,
their users, especially sr� �11
and medium manufacturers,
tended to think twice before
makmg any decisioa to buy
robots because o( tinancial
difficulties or fear of technical
obsolescence, as the cost of
installtnq units is rather high.
This is because of their
technoloRy and high value
added -charactenstics, so the
neces5ity of a policy toward an
easier introduction of industnal
robots has been keenly tell.
Under these cucumstances. a
policy of promoting the unde
use o( industrial robots has been
adopted, based on four prin-
ciples, irlcluding speciat
depreciation regulations,'
leasina arrangements and ~
(inancial aid programs, since
the start of fscal vear 1980.
These programs are very
helpful to the users and makers
of industriat roboEs. The
programs in "question Include
the speciai depreciation
program and its application for
hiRh efticiency computer-
controiled industrial robots;
iadustrial robot lea(sing
arranQements; special
tinancing proQrams ;tor ia-
dustrial safety and health
tacilities and equipmeat; loan
and lease programs of�smallec
enterpnses: insurance systems
for installment sales and loan
gearantees, I and *:tinaneial
prugracns for the promotian of
machining systems.
, . (TaQks)
Automatic systems tor safe
disposat:
The projeci bn aetomation
systems Eor sate disposal ot
hiQhlevel radioactive waste
materials was carried out in
TiscaJ year 1979. .
The repcocessing of used
nucteaz fuel is a yery important
task assigned to the energy
policy of the nation. Nowever, it
is highly daAgerous since sirong
radioactive waste liR4id can
leak duritig the process. As one method of disposal, the
soliditication of the Iiqmd has
been researched anddeveloped.
But the work, under high level
radioactive exposure, is very
hazardous and it is necessary to
make this operation fuJly
automatic and unmanned.
The pro)ect, in this con-
nection. attempted to identify
and analyze the actual situation
of solidi(ication disposal,
creating a conceptional desiQn
o[ knockdown. soliditied melt-
ers, in order to provide realisUc
kna'kdown methods, develop
working robots. and to show
safe and automated processes
as a step Wward prac:ical use.
Robots and Cassette 'Fapes:
In order to meet the divers,fied
needs and expanded application
o[ robots tor injection molding
machuses, the Star Seiki Ca. has
remodeled a previous control
sysiem to a'table progralnming
type sequencer through its long
years of experience. It has
newly introduced an "MHY�E"
series with the sequencer fitted
to the traverse type molded-
product remover.
Labor saving and
automatization are the mast
important tactors to be con-
sidered regardinQ. the� audio
cassette aod video cassette
production lines. 'Fo meet such'
needs,' the company has
developed a combiRation
machine of audie cassette tapes
and a cassette tape case-
combined integrated machine.
In the tarmer cassette tape
case production system. cwo
injection moldirtR machines are
operated by one operaWr by
usinq a metal mold capable of
molding two pieces at a time,
and then inspection, com-
binatioa and packing are done
by extra workers atter tormtng.
With the manufacwrirsg of a
metal mold capable of moldinq
tour pieces i cover. baiy, etc. 
at a tirne and installation of an
autnmatic molded-product
� remover and' a combined in-
tegrated machine, automation
and labor saving have been
greaUy improved.
Teaching-Type Coating
Robots:
The TOKICO CP teaching-
type coatinq robot has been
introduced to the markM by
Tokico Ltd. The new cobot has
the (olbwing teatures:
1) Only principal paints on the
coating path should be tauqht
while the work is standipg still.
On playback, the robot coats the
work, which is transported by
conveyer, in a manner
automatically sync6ronized
with t6e movement of the item.
So complicated coating can be
taught easiiy.
2) After teaching, the caatinR
program cao be corrected
easily if oeCessary. ,
20
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31 On playback, the position
date between two "taught"
poiats is interpolated so tbat the
robot moves smoo(lily at a
constantspeed.
4) Coatmg speed is taught
numencally, which enables
high-speed coating.
COPYRIGHT: Mainichi Daily News, 1980
CSO: 4120
21
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rvn vrrlAIlrw uar. VPIL1
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES ON ANA.LYTICAL SPECTROSCOPY
Tokyo MAINICHI DAILY NEWS in English 31 Dec 80 p 27
[Text] , About 900�' foreign and
Japanese scienttsts are ex�'
pected to parti�ipate ip the 9th-
International Confecence o6
Atomic Spectroscopy and the
E2nd Colloquium Spectro=
scopicum Internationale which
will be held at the New Otani
Hotel and Sophia University in
Tokyo from Sept. 4 tu 8.
T6e conference will be
orsaciized by the Japan.Societ}^
for Analytical Chemistry with
the cooperatiou of the Spec-
troscopicai Society of Japan
under the sponsorship of'the
International Union at Pure and
App}ied - Chemistry, Science
Council of Japan, Japan Society
ot Applied Physics, and
Chemical Society of Japan.
The cooference wilf consider
all aspects ot analytical
spectroscapy. Symposfa. and
sessians devoted to specific
areas and, applications , will
iaclude: plasma emission
spectroscopy,, atomic ab-
sorption spectrascopy, atomic
tluorescence and scattering
~ftmswPY. Fautier trans-
torm speetroscopy, laser
spectroscopy, computers in
specftoseoPY, microbeam and
surfaee analyses, spectroscopY
for cheaucal sate aaalyses and
applicatioas to life seience.
Invited speakers who bave so
far apeed to attend include:
t..S. , Bitgs (USA), P.W.J.M.
Boumaas (the Netherlands),
C.L. Chakrabarti (Canada), K.
Dittrich (GDR), L. de Galan
(the Netherlands), V.A. Fasse!
cUSA1. K. Fuwa cdapanl, K.
F.J: Heinrieh (USA), G.M.
Hieffje (USA), G. Hoflick
(Canada); P.N. Keliher (USA);
G.F. Kirkbright (U.K.), K.
Kohra (Japan), S.R. Koir-
tyohann (USA), B.V. L'vov
(USSR), B.J. MacDonald
-(Australia), A. Meisel (GDR),
S. Min'ami (Japan), S.
Nagakura (Japan), J.M. Ot-
taway (U.K.), T.G. Rains
(USA), J. Robin ltraacel, A.
Rosencwaig (USA), I. Rubeska
(Czechoslovakia), G.A.
Somorjai (USA), J.C. Van Loon
( Ganada ) , A. Walsh
(Australia), J:P. Walters
(USA), T.S. West (U.KJ, J.D.
Wiuetordnes (IJSA) and Zeng-
Ytm-E (Chma). . .
l
Significance
Achievements - by Japanese
scientisis in the field of atomic
spectrosc,~opy have attracted the
keen atterEion of overseas
researchers. The two con-
ferences, iCEkS and CSI, will
becocne ideal venues where
participants _ froin oversees
natlons will be able to obtain
first-haad knowledge about
Japane5e scieatific activities
and also exchange academic
opinions, thus cudtributing to
further advancemeat of
~theosetieal and practicai
researrhes by yotmg seientlsts.
The promotion of worldwide
cooperatian _to eahance the
academic standard is one uf the
main targets ot the To1ryo
meetings.
Spectroscopic process' is a
major method adopted in the
tie}d of modern analytical
c4emistry, and this has become
the mainstream of analytical
techniques widely adopted in
practical fields. Analytical
chemistry spectroscopy is
coatr4buting to the ad-
vancement of not only
analytical. chemistry but also
engineering, agricultural
science, medical , sclence,
pharmaceutics, biology, en-
vironmental science and ar-
cbaeology. It is also playing, a
great role in the field of
manufacturing industries and
many other applied scientific
$pheI'2S I'e18ted t0 the IY1dIII1-
tenance of man's health and
weifare. ' Collequium Spec-
troscopicum Intemationale
(CSI) has been held 'ur Europe
since long in the past as im-
portant symposia for the
progress of inedern science aad
technology.
Atomic absorption spec-
troscopy has made rapid
progress since the possibility of
utilizing the atomic absorption
phenomenon in chemical
analyses was coniirmed in iS"55.
1n_ particulat, lfhe research
resiilts are widely utilized in
analyses of 'environmental
tactors, medical practices and
industrial materials..
22
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Today's" microaaalysec
cannot be succcsstul without
utilizing atomic - absorption
analyses. Because of the
remarkable development in this
tield, scientists of industrialized
natians began to hold the In-
ternatianal Conterence on
Atomic Spectroscopy (ICAS)
from 1967. -
Since CSI and ICAS have
many subjects in co�unon, the
two conferences have been held
jointly since 1976.
At the Melbourne coaferences
in 1975, many overseas
delegates expressed their
desire to ask Japan to host t6e
international conference for the
first time in Asia.
in 1972, the Japan Society for
Analytica] Chemistry organized
the InternaUonal Con[erence on
Analytical Chemistry as an
event to commemorate the ?Oth
anniversary of the society's
foundation. Since then, Japan's
analytical chemistry has been
able to achieve remarkable
progress. In view ot this, the
ICAS and CSI symposia of 198:
are expected to accelerate the
advancement of research work
in Japan.
The first ICA.S conference
was held in Prague in 1967.
Sirice then, the ICAS meeting
has been held every two years.
Subjects for discussions have
also been expanded to include
atomic light emission and
fluorescent light as well as
aosorption and emission of
molecular light. ,
Because many common
siwjects have been discussed at
the two conferences, scientists
are hoping to combine the two
into a single international
conference in the future. This
will bec:ome one of the major
topics at the Tokyo meetings.
Japan was officially
cequested to host the con-
ference at an executive cocn-
mittee meeting held in
Yhiladelphia in 19776. The Japan
Society for Analytical
Chemistry decided to accept the
proposal. particularly because
it will greet the 30th an-
nivetsary of its toundation in
1981.
Participating Natiaas
Countries whict; are expected
to take part in the Tolryo con-
fereaces are: Argentina,
Australia, Austria. Belgium,
Brazil, Bulgaria, � Canada,
China, Czechoslovakia, Den-
mark, Egypt, United Kingdom,
Finland, France, German
Democratic Kepublic, Federal
Republic of Gertnaay, Greece,
Hong Kong, Hungary, India;
Indooesie. Iran, Iraq, lYorth
IreIand, Israel, Italy, Japan,
Republic of Korea,- Kenya,
Laos, Malaysia. Mexico, the
Netherlands. New Zealand,
Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan.
Poland, the Philippines,
Romania, Scotland, Singapore,
South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka,
Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand,
'Iurkey, Iinited States, Soviet
Union, Venezuela and
Yugoslavia.
Overseas de)egates are ex-
pected to total 250, and
Japanese delegates about 450.
Organizing Committee
Cfiairman: Hiroshi Kamada,
University of Tokyo,
Vice Chairmen: Keuchiro
Fuwa, University of Tokyo
(secretary general and
program organizer); Kunio
Minami, Osaka liniversity
iexhibition organizerl; Kunio
Nakano, Rikkyo liniversity (in
charge of general affairs and
Yoshihiko Oyagi. Chiba
University (social affairs )
Treasurer: Reinqsuke Hara,
Daini-Seikosha Co., Ltd.
Submission Of Papers
Papers describing un-
published original work are
invited. Authocs wishing to
sabmit a paper for pre.sentation
are reqaested to forward a title
and brief abstract to the
Secretariat at the Japan Society
[or Analytical Chemistry,
Gotanda Sanhaitsu, 26-2 Nishi
Gotanda 1-chome, S6inagawa-
ku, Tokyo 141, Japan.
Oral- presrntation and poster
session will be fealured at t6e
canferences. The first choice of
the mode of presentation will be
made by the author. The
Organizing Commiitee will
make the final assignmeqt of
the deGnite form of presen-
taiiop.
Aut}wrs of accepted papers
will be informed of it as well as
the mode of presentation
together wi"th a torm for the
comprehensive abstract by
early March 1981.
Any language may be used
for presentation, provided
slides and abstracts am written
in English.
There will be an`exhibition of
scientitic equipment. Poster
session will be previded. par-
ticularly in connection with the
instrumentation exhibition.
All participants will receive a
copy of the abstract of papers
on registration. The conference
proceedings containing the
iovited lectures will be
published after the conference.
Social Program
A social p~ogram is being
planned by [he Organizing
Committee.
Reception: Sept. 4, Friday
evening. All the members are
Envited.
Excursion: Sept. 6, Sunday.
Banquet: Sept. 7, iNIonday
evening, at The New Otani,
A social program specially
pianned for ladies and families
accompanying the participants
is being prepared by the
Organizing Committee.
Kinki Nippon Tourist Co.,
Ltd. (KNT) has been appointed
as sole lrave( agent tor the
conference participants. For
the convenience and economy
23
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rvic Vr r tutew uar, VlvLi
of the participants, grouv
discounted air travel may be'
arranged througb KNT's
overseas oftices and/or
associated travel agents, if the
number of participants
- traveling together comes to
torm a minimuin group size.
After Conference
Post conference symposia are
planned in succession to the
main-conference in some cities.
Group excursions after the
conference will be organized by
Kinki Nippon Tourist Cp., Ltd.
COPYRIGHT: Mainichi Daily News, 1980
CSO: 4120
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SCIENCE AND TECHN0IAGY
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
NIPPON KOKAN MOVES TO HELP FORD STEEL DIVISION
Tokyo JAPAN ECONOMIC JOURNaL in Eaglish 13 Jan 81 p 1
(TextJ
Nlppon Kokaa K.K., Japan'a
No. 2 ateelmaker, and Ford
Motor Co., Amerlca'b No. 2
automaker, are negotiating on
convertlnQ Ford'a baeic pcod-
ucte (stee$naking) operation
dfvision into a joint steel ven-
ture, tt wad learned last week.
Ford lnitially asked NKK in-
tormally, to buq up all of its
besic producta operation divl-
sIon, but laet fall it chanQed
thie to e propasal to net up a
iotat ateel tirm.
Early last Decembec, Focd
Vico-Praeident George A. Fer-
ria, in charge ot b"ic products
operntions, met with NKK's ex-
ecutives. He dlscloed a plan to
eeparate Ford'e baaic producta
diviaion to form a new ateel
fUm, and arked NKK to inveet
in the plAnned new steel tfrm.
Convinced that the joint in-
veetment [ormula ie lese riiky
as to lnvastments, M{K hae dt
cided to smd a mluion to Ford
on January 17 to boll down da
taU4 0f tha joint venture qan.
Ford baaic products opera-
tion dlvision runs the Fiiver
Rouge eteel works in Dearborn,
near Detroit, Mich. The works
iqw has thrce blaat furnaces
aad can pcoduce about 3.4 mil-
lion tons of crude ateel a year,
end more than 2.5 million tooa
of steel mill producta, includinQ
automotive atcel iheets and
eteel ben ior atruccura pua-
posee. It haa approximately
3,000 employees on tts payroU.
'IWvp-tliirds of the works' out-
put ate beiog aupplied to Ford
factories and the rest to otha
8rtns. ,
Tte proposed joint invest-
ment plan ia reQarded advan-
tageows [or both Ford Motoc
and NKK.
F'or Ford, it will enable it W
obtain NKK's capital and tech-
rqlog,y, particulerly for eteel
sheet rdling for automobiles.
gor NKK, it will give it a
chance tn have a maja pcoduc-
tion base in the U.S., the larg-
est s" market. -
pmid the worldvvide auto in-
dystry's "race for lighter and
more fuel economy cars." Ford
Motor wants to adopt NKK's
continuous annealing pcocess
which is vital in mass produc-
tion of high tensile strength
steel sheets. It reportedly
judges that its own technology
in this field isstill inadequate.
It [s generally known that
when 50 per cent o[ a 200-350
kilogram car body exterior is
replaced with high tensile
strength stcel sheets, the cer's
weiaht will go down by 10-17.5
Idlogrems and its rundng dis-
tance per liter ot gaaoline will
increase by 100-175 meters.
Ford and NKK ace expected
to discm detaila of their joint
venture as aoon aa possible.
They now are pianningto have
the new steel firm sell its prod-
ucta noi only to Ford but to
other tirma.
The new 8rm la expected to
become a major eteel euppiier
tor the ptoapective joint auto
planta due to be set up by
American aad Japanese auto-
maken as well as for Japanese
automakera, such as Honda
Motor Co. and. Nissan Motor
Co., now. planning car pcoduc-
tion in the U.S.
COPYRIGRT: 1981, the Nihon Kaizai Shimbun, Inc.
CSO; 4120
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SCIENCE AND TECEINOLOGY
rux urrlUtEU. u06 UnLL
DEFENSE AGENCY ENVISIONS JAPAN'S BADGE SYSTEM
Tokyo JA.PAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL in English 13 Jan 81 p 3
rText]
'Ihe Defense Agency has
decided on a policy of
domesticaJly developing a base
air defense ground environ-
ment system as the core of
Japan's air defense setup.
The present BADGE system
ased by Japan was acquired
from Hughes Aircraft Co. of the
U.S.
It stands to berome the first
instance of Japan switching a
key equipment in air defense
from a foreign make to one
developed on its own.
The Agency hopes to produce
the domestic version, dubbed
,.BADGE X,,, by using main-
frame computers secured in
Japan and developing a part of
data processing software with
American cooperation.
It envisages completing
designing of the BADGE X
system during fiscal 1981,
select makers for participation
in the project, and start
procurement from fiscal 1983 at
a total cost of from V 200-300
billion.
In the back of the Defense
Agency's decision to work out
Japan's own BADGE setup is
its recognition that Japan's
electronics technology row has
developed to the point of
matching that of the U.S.
The BADGE system of
Japan's Air Self Defease Force
was introdnced from 1963 as
one of the key points of the
second defense capability
adjustment plan, running from
1962-66. It began operating in
actuality from 1968.
The chief features of the
systen are:
-It detects flying au'craft
with a nation-wide netwark of
24 radar stations, excluding
Okinawa (4 stations 1.
-'lhe computer system in-
stantaneoisly comes through
with such data as identification
ot plane nationality, its
chrection, speed, etc.
-'lbis information, again, is
relayed to defeose planes as
well as Nike and Hawk missile
imits far directing their aefense
counter-adion.
The DefeaSe Agency decided
to devdop a Japa.aese BADGE
system as the present setup has
become outdated in many
respects from faster aircraft,
and stands to reach a limit
also in data processing in
considering future use of E2C
early warning planes.
It is understood tha� the Air
Self Defense Force already has
dispatched a study mission to
the U.S. with regard to the
BADGE X project.
At the same time, the Agency
has asked an American com-
pany to make a study of ihe
present BADGE system and
turn in a report to it by the end
of the current fiscal year.
As tor Japanese computer
and electronic makers, they
welcome the Defense Agency's
latest decision since they had
taken the view that BADGE
would shape up as a major
project in the first half of the
1980s.
The present BADGE system
was made and delivered to the
Japanese Government by the
Nippon Electric group of
companies on the basis of
technology received from
Hughes.
COPYRIGHT: 1981, the Nihon Keizai Shimbun, Inc.
CSO : 4120
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SCIENCE AND TE(HN0IAGY
TOOL NUMBERING DEVICE CONTRACT SET WITS UK MA6NIJFACTURER
Tokyo JAPAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL in English 13 Jan 81 p 7
[Text]
A machine trader has signed
a long-range contract w'ith a
leading British machine tool
manutacturer to supply the
latter with machine tool
numetical control devices and
machining centeF automatic
tool changers.
Trader Daiichi Jitsug,yo Co.
disclosed it has closed the con-
tract with Staveley Machine
Tools Ltd. of Birmingham.
The deal provides:
-It will seU any number of
numerical control devices and
automatic tool changers for a
long period.
- SMT will [redy use the
electronic appliances on
machine tools and machining
centers of its own making and
sell the products not anly
throughout Europe but anY�
where else, including Japan.
COPYRIQiT: 1981, the ;
Daiichi Jitsuigyo will shortlY
start ful[illing the contract by
first shipPinB out 10 sets of
ATCs to SMT.
The sophisticated tool
charigers, identified as the H60
rype, will be produced by Mai
Teklcastw Ca d Okayama
pretecture, wiW which Daiichi
Jtsugyo has clase business rt
lations. A secmd shipmeat con-
sisiing of a number o[ NCs, also
to be produced by Mori
Tekkosho, is scheduled lata.
All such supplies will be pua-
chased by Daiichi Jitsugyo
frum Maci Teidcosho- and r~
.sold to SMT at Daiictri Jit-
sugyo's own responsibility.
According to industrial ob
servers, SyfT has realized that
the Japanese machine tool in-
duscry has attained the world's
top leve] in technology in a
brief period of time and started
Kihon Keizai Shimbun, Inc.
dominating the VFest European
machine tool markets with its
superior products.
SMT thus has reasoned it :vill
be wiser to make the most of
such Japanese appliances in
improving the efGciency of its
own products.
SMT seems to have con-
cluded that it is too late to
develop its owm appliances o[
the kind irom now on.
Dauchi Jitsugyo seems to
have also welcomed the deal
because its own efforts to build
its Euaopean business without
the cooperation of local
machine tool makers are too
time- and labor-consuming and
not too effective. The company
has reportedly � reCeived a
similar approach irom an
American machim tool tnanu-
facturer.
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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
- - - I -va1W V vV Va14aa
ROBOT MAKERS SHIFT STRESS TO IMPROVING SALES OUTLETS
- Tokyo JAPAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL in English 13 Jan 81 p 8
[Text]
japanese industrial robot.
makecs have started to actively
engage in strengthening their
business structure as signs
point to further dissemination
of such robots in various indus-
tries.
Up to now, robot builders have
been laying stress on develop-
ment of their products and left
the mat!er of expanding sales
outlets as a problem for the
future.
Recently, however, they have
i,egun to eniphasize expv: ;s on a
full-fledged basis by entering
into tie-ups with major general
trading houses and overseas
producers.
They also are shouing inter-
est in setting up C~rms to handle
the software sector and in stag-
ing demonstrations and exhibi-
tions in various parts of the
country.
General Electric Co. of the
U.S. is planning to set up a
production base in Japan for
industrial robots.
Dainichi Kiko Co. of Tokyo is
regarded as a promising
candidate to become GE's
partner in the venture.
Of the other robot makers,
Yaskawa Electric Mtg. Co. is
having Iwatani & Co. act as its
agent, and Kobe Steel, L,td. is.
using Nagase & Co. as its
agent.
Kawasald Heavy Industries,
is exporting its Kawasaki Uni-
mate robots chiefly to auto-
makers in the U S. and F,T*nno
through Unimation, Inc. of the
U.S., its partner.
Yaskawa Electric Mfg. aiso
has entered into a sales tie-up
arrangement with Hobart
Brothers, a major U.S. welding
machine maker and estab-
lished a sales base in North
America.
Among the makers, Hitachi,
Ltd. is most actively engaged
in strengthening its buuiness
within Japan.
It recently set up Hitachi
Keiyo Engineering Co. in Nara-
shino, Chiba Prefecture, to sell
software for industrial robots.
In the induction of industrial
robots, a major factor to be
considered is the layout of the
plant and to what extent pro-
duction can be systematized in
the utilization and technologi-
cal pfiases.
Hitachi also established
demonstration and exhibition
sites for industrial robots in
IVagoya, Osaka and Hiroshima
41 aridition to tir excting one in
Narashino.
Such demonstration and ex-
hibition sites are regarded
necessary for dissemination of
industrial robots.
Active moves for establish-
ment of such sites are being
seen among the makers.
Tokico, Ltd. already has set
up such sites in Tokyo and
Nagoya and is planning to es-
tablish one in Osaka, while
Yaskawa Electric Mfg. has es-
tablished similar sites in
Tokyo, Osaka and Kitalryushu.
COPYRIGHT: 1981, the Nihon Keizai Shimbun, Inc.
CSOP 4120
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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
MHI STARTS SAI.ES OF WELDING ROBOTS TO AUTOMAKERS
Tokyo JAPAN ECONOWC JOURNAZ in English 13 Jan 81 p 8
[Text]
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries,
:Ltd. has launched sales of its
new industrial robots - micro-
processor-controlled spot
i welders - for delivery to auto-
! makers.
In producing spot welding
robots, the company has
stopped using the conventional
wired logic control system in
favor of the electronic device.
The microprocessor-con-
trolied machines belong to the
rectangular coordinates type.
They consist of three models -
[Ioor type, under-floor type and
overhead type.
An MHI spokesman said that
the new system allows freer
combining, easier changes and
greater reliability of the robots.
It alsD has enabled the com-
pany to mass produce the
robots and cut dovm production
costs, the spokesman added.
While switching to the rec-
tangular coordinates type, the
company has ceased to produce
spot welding robots of the
cylindrical and polaz coor-
dinates types.
Mitsubishi HI so far has
delivered about 90 per cent of
its conventional spot welding
robots to -its family automaker,
Mitsubishi Motors Corp. With
the unveiling of the novel
robots, however, isuzu Motors,
I.td. has come out as a new
customer. .
The robot producer plans to
step up production by 50 per
cent to some 14. anits early this
year in a bid to find more
customers among other outside
automakers, such as Toyota,
Nissan and Toyo Kogyo.
COPYRIGHT; 1981, the Nihon Keizai Shimbun, Inc.
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rux urriUttw ubt unLz
SCIENCE AND TECHNULOGY
POSTAL MINiSTER DIRECTS NTT TO STUDY DECONTROL
Tokyo JAPAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL in Eaglish 13 Jan 81 p 9
tText]
COPYRIGHT:
CSO: 4120
Posts and Telecommunica-
tions Minister Ichiro Yama-
nouchi recently orderd
Nippon Telegraph & Telephone
Public Corp. (NTT) to study
possibilities of liberalizing the
latter's exclusively controlled
data communication service in
Japan to permit rnmpetitive
participation by pcivate bus-
iness enterprises.
His insfivction is expected
to draw same kind of art
swer -from NTT during fiscal
1981. 'I'he problem involves
NTT's risk of losing much of its
lucrative data commimication
}obs.
NTT's data communication
service now divides into two
kinds - a public type operated
by N'TT itself, and an line-
leasing type.
The new instruction is in-
tended for removing the
present restrictions of the line
leasing type to only the leasees'
own utilization, banning joint
utilization with third parties or
by third parties between them.
Yamanouchi's ministry had
been Uying to realize a similar,
but milder reform by NTT.
The� U.S. information in-
dustry has rapidly developed
by two pcivate enterprises'
operation of added value data
communication sec'vice at low
fees.
Japan's problem of such libe-
ralization is closely connected
with its pending one as W
whether to permit a similar
added value data commu-
nication business. Even if the
pending problem is not solved,
the liberalization will bring a
great expansion in utilization oE
the leased data commuication
lines among Japan's numerous
business enterprises.
1981, the Nihon Keizai Shimbun, Inc.
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SCIENCE AND TECHNOIAGY
HOPE FOR NEW TECHNOLOGY BREAKTHROUGH E%PRESSED
,.Tokyo JAPAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL in English 13 Jan 81 p 12
[Editorial: "Technology Power"]
tTextJ
'ltiere is renewed and expanding interest in technology
development as a way of strengthening Japan's national
power, which seems understandable in view of the high
marks given internationally to Japan's technological
capabilities.
'lhere aze several factors in the backgrotmd. FSrst are
the hopes for technological breakthroughs. 'Ibe outlook
of the economy in the 1980's of an impas.ge for Japan and
the world as various potential oonstraints on growth,
energy, cesources, environment, food and population,
threaten. It is natural under these circumstances that
expectations are for a breakthrough which technological
development could bring about, like new energy sources.
Second, there is continued desire for improvement in
the quality of life. In place of quantitative expansion,
which in the future seems to have less chance than in the
past, qualitative improvement is a growing concern for
realizing more sophisticated economy and living.
'lhe third factor is the need to open up export markets
for new products through new technology development.
Japan's traditional industries, like shipbuitding, steel,
automobiles and home electric appliances, increasingly
face confticts with importing cauntries, which points to
the need to come up with new kinds of export goods.
Fourth, there are possibilities that Japan could use its
technological power, in place of money and goods, as an
element in international bargaining.
What topmost technologies does Japan have then? One
good example is the ultra ISI, which is ushering the
nation into an age of micrcelectronics, after four years of
development work that has cost V70 billion. Official and
private sectors are also pining forces in advancing fiber
optics technology, enabling Japan to produce the world's
longest and best-performing optical fiber.
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r
rva% vrra%.iasL uOc, virL.
_ Technological innovation is in rapid progress in th-0-
field of new materials as well. Ahemicals used tu be
measured by the ton, but today there are some specialty
chemicals, like those used as materials for pharma-
ceuticals, which are valued at millions of yen per gram.
New ceramics, stronger and capable of greater precision
than metals, are being tested for making aatomobile
engines.
- 'Ihere are numerous other areas where important
technological innovation is taking place in Japan, in-
cluding nuclear fusion which can generate an almost
- limitless amount of energy from sea water, and the
lineaz motor car that can run at a speed of 500 kilometers
an hour in fully automated operation. If seeds of all these
new technologies fluorish and bear fruit, a wave of tech-
nological innovations could arrive in Japan, expanding
the horizon of economic growth.
Spending an estimated V5,000 billion each yeaz and
possessing about 600,000 researchers. Japan today is the
world's third largest force in technology development,
after the United States and the Soviet Union. Serving not
- only its own economy buk also the world community in
this respect is its responsibility.
In 1978, expenditures on science and technology
amounted to 2.15 per cent of national income, which still
largely falls short of the 3 per cent set as a target by the
government. But quantitative expansion alone no longer
suffices. Qualitative imprnvement demands a clearer
direction for reseazch and priority in budget allocation.
Although Japan has achieved an affluent society, there
are plenty of problems and dissatisfactions, especially in
the field of social capital and services. One important
role technology development is expected to play is to fill
_ this gap. If confidence in and hope for technology is lost,
the nation's survival will come into jeopazdy.
COPYRIGHT: 1981, the Nihon Keizai Shimbun, Inc.
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SCIENCE AND TECHTIOLOGY
a
TDK DEVELOPS ELECTRODE UTILIZING PALLADIUM OXIDE
Tokyo JAPAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL in English 13 Jan 81 p 12
(Text]
TDK Electronics Co. has dev-
elopad a metal electrode,
featuring use of palladitan
oxide instead of ruthenium
oxide. Tokuyama Soda Co. has
already decided to adopt the
new electrode chiefly fur
caustic soda production.
Until now, the rutheniuan
electrode, as developed by de
Nora of Italy, has enjoyed a
virtual monopoly throughout
the world. The de Nora
products are leased here by
Permelec Electrode Co., a joint
venture of the Italian developer
(Cronzio de Nora Impianti
Electrochimici S.p.A. and
Mitsui & Co. and Mitsui
Engineering and Shipbuilding
Co.
TDK said that its electrode is
designed to consume less
electric power than the de Nora
version and to produce higher-
purity chlorine gas. The
company added that its elec-
trodes can also be ised for
seawater desalination and
purification of water.
It has been kriown that
palladium promises good ef-
ficiency but performance can
be instable. Test pcoduction at
TDK's Aldta plaat was sut-
cessfsl and made use of ferrite
electrode and roasting Imow-
how.
Palladium oxide is capable of
efficient chlarine production in
the Electrolysis of saturated
seawater. Eesides chlorine,
electrolysis produces caustic
soda.
The de Nora electrode
debuted about 20 years ago,
replacing conventional
graphite electrodes. Only a few
companies, including licemsces
of the Italian kaow-how, lease
the electrode throughout the
world.
Some chlor-alkali companies
have tried unsuccessfully to
develop their own electrodes.
'fiey infringed upon the Italian
rnmpany's patent rights. The
use of ruthenium electrodes in
a diaphragin cell causes a
problem: simultaneous
generation of oxygen gas along
with chlorine.
By comparison, TDK said, its
electrode reduces the oxygen
gas to a maximwn of 0.01 per
cent of chlorine gas. In ad-
dition, the rnmpany cites such
advantages as lower power
consumption (30 per cent
saving when seawater is used
as the raw material for soda
and chlorine), and better
enecgy conversion.
Palladium, similar to
platinum, is easy to stretch.
But its strength can be im-
proved by adding gold. The
element is often ased as a
catalyst in chemical plants.
COPYRICHT: 1981, the Nihon Keizai Shimbun, Inc.
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SCIENCE A,PID TECiiNOLOGY
rvn Vrri%oirw uDa UCiLI
FIRST COMPUTER FOR ANALYZING ENZYMES DEVELOPED
Tokyo JAPAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL in English 13 Jan 81 p 13
[Text]
Probably the wurld's first
computer tor analyzing, iden-
tifying and recording enzymes
has been developed by the In-
stitute oF Physical and Cfiemi-
cal Research of Tokyo, an old
and prestigious Japanese in-
stitute.
According to the institute, its
trial Enzyme Reaction Test
Reactor No. 1 was demoo-
strated to Japanese scientists
at the local Research and De-
velopment Division of biitsic
Knowledge Industry Co.
The purpose af the new
gadget is to help development
of a "bioreactor" to synthetize
different enzymes into useful
new substances under the same
conditions - temperature, pres-
sure, and so on-as is found in
living animal bodies.
Development ot a reactor to
combine enzy-mes parallels
gene engineering as the hottest
modern research and develop-
ment target among the worid's
biotechnological efforts to
make the most of living body
enzymes tor production of not
only new hormones or other
drugs. but even foodstufEs and
chemical materials. Japan ta
day may be in the lead in such
research and development pro-
jects but �Britain, West Ger-
many and America are in hot
pursuiL �
The prospective reactors
work under normal tempera-
ture and atmospheric pressure
andcreate only a single specific
kind of substance.
The first generation of such
reactors to produce industrial
catalysts may have already
been developed in some form or
other, but more sophisticated
types are yet to be developed.
According to the institute, its
test reactor would make it pos-
sible to instantly identify any
enzyme chosen from countless
varieties by magnetic tape-re-
corded chazacters. It is capable
of processing at least seven
Itinds of enzyme a day by pro-
perly controlling by computer
the temperature, solution den�
sity, hydrogen ion concentra-
tion and other checking condi-
tions. That means an immense
speedup of time-consuming
human lab labor.
The institute is to develop its
own bioreactor or "peptide
typewriter" to automatically
produce a physiologically active
ca ncer- controlling polypeptide
made up of a chain of ZO kinds of
amino acid. Named as co-devel-
opers were Toyo-Soda Mfg. Co.
and Sagami Chemical Research
Institute working with the in-
stitute under the guidance of
Prof. Akimitsu Wada of the
University of Tokyo.
COPYRIGHT: 1981, the Nihon Keizai Shimbun, Znc.
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SCIENCE AND TEQHNOLOGY
FIAT VACUUM BOX DEVELOPED FOR COLLECTING SOIAR ENERGY
- Tokyo JAF'dN ECONOMtC JOURNAL in English 13 Jan 81 p 13
[Text]
A vacuum box in w�hich solar
heat is collected in helium gas
or steam vapor inside several
lines af copper pping to
prevent heat leakage is being
developed by Taiyo Sanso Co.
of Osaka.
ne Japanese compressed
gas maker has become sure of
its success in rnaking solar heat
collector by applying its own
rnethod of producing a Elat
vacuum box. So far, it has been
cbfficult to produce a vacuum
vessel in any form other than a
sphere or a cylinder because of
the sVong atmospheric pres-
stre.
'Ihe company sncceeded, by
creating a- honeyrnmb struc-
ture inside a panel box. It has
already commercialiy
produced a liquid nitrogen
container of the sort, planning
to diversify application to new
kinds of thermos botUes, lunch
boxes and building heat-
insulator wall.
So promising is the solar
energy collector that the
company has envisioned
building a roof-top collecting
system and an accompanying
heating, air-conditioning and
running hoc water generator
efficient enough to meet all the
ne.:ds of a]o-story building, for
instance. The company even
visualizes solar energy power
generation.
A first trial model of the solar
energy coilector will be a large
vacuum box about 1D centi-
meters in thickness. Several
pieces ot copper pipir.g inside
the box will contain some heat
medium. At one end of the box.
a convex lens to reflect the
sunbeam at the terminal of
each copper tube is also fixed.
The pipe � terminal is
surroumded by mirrors to help
the reflected light con-
centration. The lens will
automatically turn according to
the chaaging angle oF the
sunlight hitting it.
Since a vacuum dces not
transmit heat, it is easy to heat
the thermal medium inside the
pipings to anywhere between
200 and 400 degrees C. and pen
up the heat without any loss
before application. Depending
on conditions, the collector will
be anywhere between 50 to
1,100 per cent more efficient
than conventional equivalents.
The company hopes to get a
governmental or other public
subsidization to facilitate its
*400 million research and
development projects.
COPYRIGHT :
CSO : 4120
1981, the Nihon Keizai 5himbua, Inc.
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SCIENCE AND TECHrTOIAGY
. V_ V& & 1VLfW VVY Vl~61L
'I'ECHNOLOGY DATA EXCHANGE IN ASIA WILL BE SUGGESTED
Tokyo JAPAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL in English 13 Jan 81 p 13
(Text]
An idea to create a coor-
dinated network of official
services among Asian nations
for promoting interflow of
scientific and technological
information will be proposzd by
the Government's Agency ot
Science & Techralogy at the
eighth plenary session of the
Association for Science
Cooperation in Asia (ASCA), to
be held in Indonesia in
February.
According to sources close to
the Agency, the idea will be
worked out in detail by a
special study panel to be
organized shortly by the
Agency from various govern-
mental and private scientists,
technologists and other intel-
lectuals, with careful attention
paid to, the progress of a
current international move to
create a worldwide network of
the kind at the United Nations
level.
Proper selection of types of
information fit for such in-
terflow and propriety of
computerization of the network
will be also studied by the
panel.
Promotion ot such interna-
tional flows of scientific and
technological information is noc
just important among ad-
vanced nations in this age of
internationalization of such
information enormously piling
up in each country, including
snowballing interdenomina-
tional types astride ddferent
specialities.
But it has become one of the
most important demands on the
part of the developing nations
in the interest of bridging the
Vorth,South economic develop-
ment gap.
An idea to build a worldwide
network of services to ensure
effective distribution of inter-
flow of such information
proposed during the Aug.-Sept.
'81 United Nations scientific
and technological conference
tor development held at Vienna
has continued to be sfudied by
four U.N. organizations. The
prospective Japanese
proposition is to create an
Asian version of that network.
Inaugurated about a decade
ago at an initiative taken by
Philippine President Ferdinand
E. Marcos, ASCA has heen a
sort of joint research and
development promotional
organization utilized either be-
tween two or among more
Asian countries. Hitherto,
Japan has been working for
all ASCA member nations by
distributing English language
reports on Japan's new
scientific and technological
study literature or study
developments.
COPYRIGHT: 1981, the Nihon Keizai Shimbun, Inc.
CSO: 4120
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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
NEHi SCREF,NING METHOD FOR DISCOVERY.OF NEW DRUGS
y Tokyo JA?AN EOiDNOMIC JOURNAL in English 1.3
Jan 81 p 13
[Text]
What could be a revolu-
According to Mitsubishi
tionary way to facilitate dis-
Petrochemical, such a screen- ,
covery of substances to make
ing method had been considered
metabolism-controlling drugs
possible to develop by using an
for curing adult, esperially old-
enzyme eactractedfrom a human
age, diseases, has been devel-
or animal body to test any sub-
oped by Mitsubishi Petro-
stance for its effect on the
chemical Co.
enzy+yne - promotional to the
The Tokyo company said the
enzyme's activities, and there-
_ promising method developed
fore, eliAole for maldng the
by its central reseazch labora-
drugs, and inhibitive on sinch
_ tory is screening substances to
activities or having nothing to _
develop such drvgs out of
do with them, and thus, non-
countless varieties of bio-
eligible. cBut an inhibi!ivesetb-~
chemical or artificial chemical
stance may sometimes be
matsrials.
chosen for its reverse useful-
There are hundreds of thoo-
ness.>
sands of such substances to
Specifically, the natural
choose from for 6nding out
metabalic functions of the
really potent ones to pro
brain, nervous system or other
duce dcvgs to cure or control
main parts of the body are
- physical troubles caiaed by
simulated in a test tube, and a
- aging deterioration of ineta-
given enzyme derivsd from a
bolism, including hypertension
liv:ng body is mad2 to work
and seule demerdia as wdl as
upon those artificially created
antibiotics and cancer cures.
functions. Such enzymes are
. In the absence of an ef[eaive
known to wak as a catalyst to
- systematic way of screening,
promote those metabolic ftmc-
all past discovaies of some
tions. Any substance, or any
- good substances of the kind to
drug made. from it, if it ac-
make antibiotics or cancer
celerates the activities of such
drugs have been made oaly
an enzyme, should be an in-
accidentally during basic and
direct stimulant to the body
broader-ranged researches,
metabolism to cure or control
Thr method already has been
all metabolic disorders.
used by the company's dnig-
But every past attempt to
producing subsidiary, Mits*
develop such a screening -
bishi Yuka PharmaceuGcal
process had hit a big botUeneck ~
Co., for application to the
of how to obtain enough supply
latter's reseazch and develop-
ot such a biological enzyme to
ment projects�
make tests.
37
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'A
The rnmpany has attained a
breakthrough in this respect by
applying gene engineering
technology to implant such a
enzyme-creating kind of animal
gene on a colon bacillus known
as a K-12 stock, thus succeed-
ing in massive production of
the enzyme.
This meaas an ingenious
indirect way to utilize the gene
engineering technolog,y hitherto
used For production of inter-
feron and other innovational
medical or other substances.
An executive of the company
expected new drugs to be
developed by the application of
the screening method to
emerge in two or three years to
crome, taking into account the
long time needed for ensuring
their safety. A Tokyo Univer-
sity assistant professor of
pharmaceutical science highly
evaluated the company's
wisdom to utilize gene
engineering for its achieve-
ment. As a first of the new
drugs the company envisions,
he imagined something like a
hypertension-controlling drugs.
Referring to the scarcity of na-
turally obtainable supplies of
such enzymes, he said that not
a few kinds are each derivable
in just 1 gram or less from 5,000
animals.
COPYRIGHT: 1981, the Nihon Keizai Shimbun, Inc.
CSO : 4120
END
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