JPRS ID: 9352 USSR REPORT ENERGY

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• Content Type: REPORTS

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FUR OFFICIAL U51~: UNI,Y
JPRS L/9352~
20 October 1980
USSR Re ort
p
~
ENERGY _
CFOUO 20/80)~
.
Fg~$ FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE
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JPRS L/9352
20 October 1980
. USSR REPORT
ENERGY
(FOUO 20/80)
GONT~NTS
- ELECTRICAL POWER
Central Committee Conference on Power Industry
(ENERGETIC~SKOYE STROITEL'STVO, Aug 80)........ 1
' - a - [III - USSR - 37 FOUO]
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ELECTRICAL POWER
CENTRAL CONINIITTEE CONFERENCE ON POWER INDUSTRY `
Moscow ENERGETICHESKOYE STROITEL'STVO in Russian No 8, Aug 80 pp 2-12
[Article: "In the Central Cammittee of the Communist Party of the Soviet ~
Union" ]
[Text] A conference of power system construction engineers and workers of
power engineering and power machine construction enterprises and insti-
tutes was held in the CPSU Central Cammittee on June 2nd and 3rd on ques-
tions of the development of power engineering. -
The f ollowing participated in the work of the conference: member of the
politburo of the CPSU Central Cammittee and secreta�ry of the CPSU Central
Committee, A.P. Kirilenko, member of the politburc, of the CPSU Central
Committee and secretary of the CPSU Central Committee, M.A. Suslov, member
of the politburo of the CPSU Central Co~mittee and secretary of the CPSU
Central Conunittee, K.U. Chernenko, candidate member of the politburo of
the CPSU Central Committee and secretary of the CPSU Central Committee,
M.S. Gorbachev, secretaries of the CPSU Central Committee, V.I. Dolgikh
and M.V. Zi.myanin, Deputy Chairmen of the USSR Council of Ministers,
N.K.Baybakov,V.E. Dymshits, N.V. Martynov and V.N. Novikov, President of
the USS: Academy of Sciences, A.P. Aleksandrov, Chairman of the AUCCTU,
A.I. Shibayev, first secretary of the Komsomol Central Committee, B.N.
Pastukhov, department heads of the CPSU Centiral Committee, Ministers of
the USSR, directors of a n~.miber of central departments, secretaries of
the central committees of the Cammunist Party of the union republics, `
kray party committees, and oblast party cammittees, responsible off icials
of the CPSU Central Committee, the USSR Council of Ministers and the USSR
People's Control Commission.
The conference was opened with a speech by A.P. Kirilenko*.
*
The speech of comrade A.P. Kirilenko is presente~i here based on the text
published in the newspaper PRAVDA for June 4th, 1980.
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Our party, he noted, has consistently taken a course towards the elec-
trification of the nation and tawards the advanced development of power
engineering since the first years of the formation of the Soviet state.
The start for this was the historic GOELRO [state commission for the
electrif ication of Russia) plan which was adopted, the 60th annivers8ry
of which will be noted in December of 1980. V.I. Lenin was correct a
thousand times over when h~ proclaimed that "Communism is the Soviet power
plus the electrification of the entire nation."
The Soviet peoples are rightly proud of the achievements of damestic
electrical power engineering. In just the last 15 years along, electrical
power generation has almost tripled in the nation and 165,million KW of
new power capacitie,~ have been brought on line. Over the period since
~ 1964, the electrical. power equipment to worecer ratio has increased by a
factor of 1.9 in the industry and by a factor of 8 in agriculature. The
electrical power consimmption for the everyday needs of the populace has
increased by a factor of 2,7.
But no matter how great these successes, problems of the development of
electrical power engineering - this most important sector of our economy
- have not lost and will never lose their urgency. The Party is working
fram the fact that the further econamic and social progress of the nation
and improving the standard of living of the Soviet peoples can be assured
only with advancing growth in the power engineering potential of the
_ national economy.
You know well what a deep analysis of the state of affairs in our fuel
and energy complex has been made by general secretary of the CPSU Central
Committee and chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR,
Comrade L.I. Brezhnev in his speech to thP November (1979) plenum of the
party Central Committee. In it, along with other fundamental national
econamic tasks, the basic issues of the prospects ior our power engineer-
ing were also put forward. It is essential, L.I. Brezhnev emphasized,
to think through the entire set of power engineering problems, and to sub-
stantially improve the fuel and energy balance in the nation in the 1980's.
Comrade I,.I. Brezhnev has made it a first priority task to develop a
scientif ic, well thought out, econamically substantiated power engineering
- program for the long term.
Leonid I1'ich is constantly devoting attention to power engineering and
the sectors related to it, and the battle of party organizations and all
workers to implement the plans for boosting the power engineering equip-
" ment to worker ratio in the national economy as well as to save fuel
and energy. In considering the preparation for this conference with
great interest, he wished its participants fruitful work and asked that
his sincere greetings be conveyed.
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At the conference, said A.P. Kirilenko, we have in mind the discussion
of ineasures directed towards the successful implementation of the direc-
tives of the CPSU Central Committee concerning the efficient development
of the fuel and energy complex, taking into account the rising demands of
Soviet society and the prospects for scientific and engineering progress.
It is also expedient to consider which additional measures must be imple-
~ented in order to absolutely carry out the plan for 1980 for the construc-
tion and bringing on line of power eagineering fscilities, and thereby
create a good beginning for its growth in the llth Five-Year Plan.
~ This year is a special year. It completes the lOth Five-Year Plan, and
is the year of preparation for the 26th CPSU Congress. There can be no
doubt that power engineers, just as all of the nation's workers, will do
everything possible to meet this outstanding event in the life of the
party and the entir~ Soviet people in a worthy manner and with new, high
producrion achievements.
The ~rost important task consists in stepping up the pace of scientific
and engineering progress in electrical power engineering. It has earlier
occupied and even now occupies the leading positions in the world
based on such indicators as specif ic fuel consumption, per unit capac-
ities of power plants, the voltage levels of electrical networks and the
scales of heating supply. In this case, and this is gratifying to note,
power engineering systems in the lOth Five-Year Plan are increasingly being
outf itted with highly econamical plants, high power nuclear reactors and
refined electrical engineering equipment.
New power units have gone into service at existing nuclear power plants
in recent years: at the Chernobyl'skaya, Kurskaya, Leningradskaya,
Beloyarskaya, Armyanskaya and Bilibinskaya nuclear power stations. Large
hydroelectric plants have been brought on line at the Sayano-Shushenskaya,
Ust'-Ilimskaya, Nurekskaya and other hydroelectric power stations. The
consrruction of the highest pcwer capacity thermal electrical power sta-
tions in Europe has been campleted: the Zaporozhskaya and Uglegorskaya
stations. Some 129,000 kilometers of new high voltage electrical power
transmission lines have been placed in service in the lOth Five-Year Plan.
' A solid basis for the continuous growth of Soviet electrical power engin-
eering is domestic power and electrical machinery construction. The
technical retrofitting and expansion of the scales of production in the
largest machine construction association has been consistently carried out
in the lOth Five-Year Plan. The capacities of the gigantic "Atommash"
Volgodonsk nuclear machine construction plant are being built up at a fast
pace. The output of reactors and turbines for nuclear power stations,
electrical equipment, power conversion equipment and other types of
power engineering machinery snd equipment has been sub5tantially increased.
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The motherland places a high value on the self-sacrificing labor of
power syst em builders, operational engineers and workers of the enter- ~
prsises of power engineering machine construction. Many workers, engin-
eers, techn icians and staff personnel have been cited with governmental
awards for rheir great labor successes. The achievements of the advanced
collectives were noted in the opening remarks of general secretary of the _
CPSU Central Committee and chairman of the PresidiLUn of the Supreme
Soviet of the USSR, comrade L.I. Brexhnev.
~ The centra 1 committees of thecommunist partias of the union republics, as
well as the kray and oblast cammittees of the party play a large role in
solving imp ortant problems in building up the nation'~ power potential.
They perforci considerable organizational and politi.cal work in mobilizing
the labor c ollectives for the execution of the national economic plans -
and meeting socialist obligations.
Thus, A.P. Kirilenko noted that serious quantitative and qualita,�,ive
changes in power engineering are characteristic of the lOth Five-Year
Plan. Along with this, the interests of further econamic and social
progress of the nation and the creation of the material and technical
base of communism require a new powerful rise in our power enginaering
in the llth Five-Year Plan.
In this reg ard, the CPSU Central Committee attributes special signifi-
cance to th e year 1980, during which 1 trillion and 300 billion kilo-
watt hours of electrical power should be generated. It is planned that
the power c apacities to be brought on line will increase by a factor of
1.4 to 1.5. An especially large growth in capacities - almost double
that of th e level for 1979 - is to be provided using nuclear and hydro-
electric power stations. A provision is also made for the construction
of 36,000 k ilometers of high voltage electxical power transmisssion lines
and about 1 22,000 kilometers of electrical power networks for agriculture.
l
All of the assignments of the state plan should be unconditionally carried
out. Unfor tunatelx, the plan fo~ the construction of electrical power ~
stations of the USSR Ministry of Energy was somewhat underfulfilled in
1979, and even in the first five months of the current year, the collec-
tives of a number of construction starts did not meet the assignments.
- The construction of nuclear and thermal electrical power stations is to
be accelera ted wTthout delay, especially those such as the Yuzhno-
-Ukrainskaqa,the Chernobyl'skaya and Smolenskaya AES's, as well as the
Moldavskaya, Barnaul'skaya, Tallinskaya and Tselinogradskaya TES's
[thermal el ectric power stations]. Everything must be done to make up
for the lag which has been allowed at the construction starts. It is
specifi.cally these which should now be the center of attention in the
econamic, p arty and trade union organs, as well as our Komsomol.
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- An important factor in placing the facilities under construction in
service on time is completely providing them with materials and equip-
ment. And by the way, this does not always happen in practice. Tr?e
USSR Gosplan and Gossnab should cher_k to see how much of the full equip-
ment c anplement of materials and equipment is provided for the startirig
projects, and resolve the questions related to this in an operationally
timely manner.
The central committees of the communist parties of the union republics
and the party cammittees of the krays and oblasts, on the territories of
which the electric.l power stations are being built, are called upon to
increase their attention to power engineering construction projects,
provide for a clear cut organization of the work as well as more ccmplete
utilization of the existing reserves and capabilities. The success of
the operation, just as always, will depend a great deal on the skill of
- the organization and political work in the masses, the value of which has
been revealed so brilliantly and convincingly by Leonid Tl'ich Brezhnev
in the books "Malay~ Zemlya "Vozro2hdeniye" and "Tselina".
" The task of Farty organizations of power engineering construction projects
consist in mobilizing the creative energy of the labor collectives to
acceterate the construction and assure the placement of the power plants
in service ahead of schedule. A point of honor of Communists and all
, workers of machine construction plants is to come as close as possible to
the deadlines for the delivery of power equipment. The party organiza-
tions are to develop on a wider basis the effective forms oc competition
which have been testPd in practice, such as the "worker relay race", the
experience with the cooperation of Leningrad enterprises and organiza-
tions with the builders of the Sayano-Shushenskaya GES, and others.
- AlthoY~gh the machine builders have done no small amount of work to boost
_ production of progressive types of power engineering and instruments, they
need to achieve better indicators. This especially applies to the minis-
tries of power engineering machine construction and petrochemical machine
construction. 5ome plants are meeting their agreed obligations with a
` delay. The managers of these enterprises attempt to ~xplain the delay in
eauipment deliveries to power engineering constructiun nro~ects by inter- `
ruptions in the material and technical support and inadequate rates in
the build-up of production capacities. '1'his. of course, occurs. The
USSR Gosplan and Gossnab should listen to the voice of the ministries
and render them the requisite assistence. At the same time, both the
ministries themselves and the directors of the enterprises subordinate to `
them should wage an effective battle to observe plan discipline and ~oost
the organizational level of production and labor.
In order to correct the trouble with the deliveries in power engineering
, equipment, the colleagues of the machine construction ministries, and the
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ministers V.V. Krotov, A.K. Antonov and K.I. Brekhov personnally are to
; implement specific practicalmeasures directed towards theclear-cut per-
formance of the set tasks by each production association and entergrise.
It is required that special attention be devoted to the timely provision
of equipment to nuclear power stations under construction.
One of the important assignments of 1980 and subsequent years, continued
A.P. Kirilenko, is the accelerated expansion of work on the creation of
the Ekibastuz and Kansko-Achinsk fuel and power complexes. They are of
enormous significance for the entire national economy, for the development
of the productive forces of Siberia and Kaaakhstan and for the supply of
electrical power to the central regions of the nation. As is well known,
- the minister P.S. Neporozhniy was subjected to sharp criticism at the
November plenum of the Central Committee because the construction of the
electric powEr stations included in the Ekibastuz complex was handled in
an e~:tremeiy unsatisfactory fashion, It should be noted that conclusions
were drawn from this criticism. The first power unit is already in oper-
ation at Ekibastuz. Now, the USSR Ministry of Energy should assure that
three more units go on-line in the current year.
The USSR Coucil of Ministers adopted a decree the other day "On Providing
the National Economy and Populace with Fuel, Electrical and Thermal Energy _
in the Autumn and 'Winter Period of 1980/81". Provisions are made in it
for assignments to increase the production of fuel oil, overfu11fi11 the
plan for coal and gas extraction ar.d for additional savings in fuel and
electrical power. The workers of the coal and oil industry should persis-
tently fight for an increase in the extraction of fuel, do everything that
depends on them so that the set assignments will not only be fulfilled,
but overfulfilled. Railroad workers are obligated to assure uninterrupted
delivery of coal and fuel oil to eler_trical power stations.
The prelimi.nary calculations made by the USSR Gosplan and the USSR Ministry
of Energy, said A.F. Kirilenko, show that to assure a reliable power supply
to the national economy, it is necesary to place in service several mil- _
- lions of kilowatts more of new power engineering capacities than in the
current five-year plan.
~ It is planned that the primary support for this be based on progressive
trends in power engineering. This is primarily the predominant develop-
ment of nuclear power engineering in the European area of the USSR. By
the end of 1985, the increasP in capacities of the nation's nuclear
electric power stations will be almost twice as great as in the lOth
Five-Year Plan. During the course of the future five-year plan, the
following stations will generate current for the first time: the
Kalininskaya, Zaporozhskaya, Khmel'nitskaya, Rostovskaya, Balakovskaya
- and other AES's. A provision i~ made in a number of cities for the
construction of heat supply nuclear stations. High power thermal elec-
tric power ~tations will likewise be constructed in the eastern regions
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of the nation based on inexpensive coals. And in the Tyumenskaya oblast,
there will be large electrical power stations using local natural and
casing-head gas.
The next important direction is the further drawing on the hydroelectric
reserves for the ~ower engineering balance of the nation, taking into
account for the necessity for the comprehensive utilization of these
reserves. The construction of the Sayano-Shushenskaya GES with a capacity
of 6,40(1,000 kilowatts will be completed, as well other large stations
such as the Nizhnekamskaya, the Kolymskaya and Cheboksarskaya, with the
completion of the construction of which, tine utilization of the hydro- -
electr~c power resources of the Volga will be completed. The construc-
tion of water storage and gas turbine stations is planned to improve the
flexibility of power syGtems.
A key work area is the construction of ultralong electrical power trans-
mission lines. This is primarily the direct current Ekibastuz-Tsentr line
with a voltage of one and a half million volts and a length of 2,400 km,
via which up to 42 billion KW will be transmitted annually to the European
area of the nation in the future. Ahead for the llth Five-Year Plan is
the completion of the construction�of two ~*.ore extremely large electrical
power DC transmission lines: Ekibastuz-Chelyabinsk and Ekibastuz-Itat in
the Krasnoyarsk kray.
On the whole, the power engineering construction program for the llth
Five-Year Plan signifies the entry of domestic power engineering into a
qualitatively new phase of its development. Its realization requires
the serious restructuring of the work methods of the builders, pro~ect
planners, machine builders and operational workers. Because of the new
trends in power engineering development, it is now especially necessary
for nuclear, scientific and design organizations, enterprises, builders
and installation workers to solve greater and complex engineering problems.
An especially large volume of work falls on the shoulders of the army of
the two million workers and specialists of the USSR Ministry of Energy.
It is necessary to make even more erficient use of the existing production
and scientific potential in the sector. The ministry is obligated to
achieve perceptible results in curtaili.ng the timeframes for the construc-
tion of electrical power stations, make wide use of standard design solu-
tions, progressive structural designs and new construction materials in
project planning as well as reduce labor expenditures in the erection of
buildings and structures.
No few good words were said at the time about the rapid construction of
the Ladyzhinskaya, Zaporozhskaya and Uglegorskaya GRES's, as a result of
which, substantial economic savings were achieved. However, this valuable .
experience is as yet being poorly utilized in practice. Even such a pro-
gressive form of construction organization as brigade subcontracting is
being used to an inadequate extent.
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' A central link in the resolution of the construction tasks is a further
increase in labor productivity. It is necessary to assure a clear-cut
organization of work execution at all construction sites, reduce worker
time losses to a minimum, make better use of equipment and motor vehicle
tr~nsportation as well as curtaiI the specific weights of manual labor -
and auxiliary personnel.
A decisive step is to be taken to dispense wich that defective planning
practice in power engineering constructi.on in which the placing of capac-
ities on-line is provided basically at the end of a year, while the capi-
tal investments are scattered over an extraordinarily large number of
projects. Because of this, funds are "cut off " at construction starts -
at many projects to the detriment of the operation, and at the end of the
year, overtime work is utilized and the construction qua~ity is degraded.
~
Greater tasks, emphasized A.P. Kirilenko, confront scientists and chief
design engineers, as well as all workers of scientific research and
project planning organizations - the creators of the new equipment for -
power engineering. Their duty is to fight even more efficiently to
accelerate scientific and technical progress in power engineering machine
construction, and to see that the equipment which is designed is not only
not inferior to the better world models, but also superior to them in
term s of its econamy and service life.
Cases are also known where some ~esigners, in having designed same new,
it would seem, progressive equipment, were not able for years to bring
it up to standards. It hardly needs to be proved what kind of national
economic losses are caused by errors committed by designers and production
engineers and how negative an impact this has on the power supply to
consumers.
Power engineers have not without justification criticized machine builders
for the quality of the equipment supplied. But the ~ustified complaints
of machine builders concerning the quality of the metal which sometimes
arrives with defects and assortment deviations must also be supported.
A reliable barrier to the fabrication of equipment of inadequate quality
which does not meet modern requirements should be created in every labor
- collective of every sector: in machine construction, metallurgy and power
engineering.
I would also like to touch upon the problem of power engineering equipment
modernization and reconstruction said A.P. Kirilenko. A good ~axample in
this regard is the reconstruction of the turbines and generators of the
Bratskaya GES, as a result of which, the set capacity of the station was
increased by 400,000 kilowatts with comparatively low outlays. Power
engineers make claims tl:at they are ready to modernize mhny electric power
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stations. But they need the equipment for this. It is thought that
greater attention should be devoted to this question and it needs to be
solved through planning procedures.
And yet something more about an important problem: about the autamation
and control of technological processes. The USSR Ministry of Energy and
Ministry of InstrLUnent Construction recently approved a good program for
joint work on the introduction of camprehensive automation at electrical -
power stations.
Comrade L.I. Brezhnev posed the problem of thrifty utilization of heat
and power at the November P lenum of the CPSU Central Cammittee. No
matter at what pace we develop power engineering," he said, "Saving heat
and power will also be the most important nationwide task in the future."
The level of work to seek out and utilize reserves in the saving of fuel,
electrical and thermal energy at enterprises and in organizations still
does not meet the set requirements. Wasteful use of fuel and energy is
pe~itted at numerous industrial enterprises, in kolkhozes and sovkhozes,
as well as municipal and everyday servcies organizations. There are seri-
ous deficiencies in setting standards for the consumption fo fuel and
energy. It is indicative that about 1,400 enterprises were found in 1979,
for which overstated standards were established which did not provide an
incentive to fight for savings. A maximum concentration of efforts is
likewise necessary for the design of highly efficient, less energy intens-
ive equipment, as well as new energy saving technological processes.
A.P. Kirilenko devoted considerable attention to the advanced work ~x-
perience of party organizat ions in the mobilization of labar collectives
to accelerate the pace of expansion of power engineering. The pract~ce
of the comprehensive approach of the Leningrad ob last party organization
to the solution of extremely important problems related to the develop-
ment, mastery and increase of the output of power equipment is deserving
of support. The central comrr.ittees of the Communist Parties of the
Ukraine, Belorussia and Estoniya, the Krasnoyarsk Kray committee of the
CPSU, the Voronezh,Sverdlovsk Zaporozh'ye, Irkutsk, Saratov and Kostroma
oblast c~mmittees of the CPSU as well as the Moscow Municipal Committee of
the Party have accumulated much of value in resolving problems of power
engineering development.
All of those great canabilities which the party organizations have for
increasing the level of organizational and educationzl work must be
utilized more extensively. Pratical assistance is to be rendered to -
the builders of electrical power stations and electrical power transmission
lines in the organization for morale boosting visual aids agitation, and
questions of organizing nonlocal editions of central and republic news-
papers on construction sites should be thought through. Then A.P. -
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�
~ Kirilenko underscored the fact that, as was indicated at the November
Plenum of the CPSU Central Committee our duty is to also think of the
power enginEerinv of th.e future well in advance. This concerns the
expansion of the construction of nuclear electric power stations with
fast neutron reactors, the e~cpansion of work on controlled~ thermonucleer ,
Fusion as well as the utilizatioti of solar and geothermal energy and
superconductivity phenomena. The USSR State Committee on Science and
Engineering, the USSR Academy of Sciences, USSR Gosplan and the ministries
aiid departments will undoubtedly set about the working out of these
urgent scientific and engineering problems with a high degree of respons-
_ ibility, and will assure the comprehensive resolution of all questions
related to the utilization of scientific discoveries as well as to the
design and introduction of new equipment.
In conclusion, A.P. Kirilenko, in touching upon international questions,
noted that the imperialist circules, and primarily in the U.S., have
seriously complicated the international situation througt? their own
actions. Under these conditions, the Central Committee of Our Party,
the Politburo of the Central Committee and Comrade L.I. Brezhnev person-
ally, in being deeply involved in the problems of internal development,
at the same time are devoting enormous attention to the conduct of a
Leninist course of foreign policy, strengthening the unity and coopera-
tion of the socialist cooperation, fighting for the preservation and
deepening of detente as well as for the termination of the arms race
and strengthening peace.
The world situation dictates the necessity of the successful implementa-
tion of the plans for the development of Soviet electrical power engin- -
eering, which plays an exceptional part in further building up the nation's
economic and defense potential. The reckoning of the Carter administra-
tion that the so called "economic measures" being taken by it to fighe
against the USSR w~.ll exert a retarding influence on the development of
our economy and its power engineering, is collapsing.
The Soviet people possess enormous forces and capabilities, and confi-
dently travels the Leninist path of Communist construction.
The minister of power engineering and electrif ication of the USSR, P. S.
_ Neporozhniy, presented a report at the conference on measures to provide
_ for the implementation in 1980 of the plan for the construction and
installation work, thebringing on-line of new power capacities and on
the major trends in the development in power engineering.
In characterizino the state of affairs in the sector, and having noted
a ntunber of existing deficiencies in the operation and constr~iction of
power engineering facilities, P.S. Neporozhniy dealt with the work under-
way, which is directed, in particular, towards increasing the efficiency
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- of power c~mstruction as well as the execution of the considerable and
demanding plan assignments for bringing in power capacities.
Comrade P.S. Pleporozhniy said in particular: -
"This year, new capacities amounting to 1.6 times more than in the `
_ previous year should be brought on-line. It should be noted that more
than 7 million KW of capacities should be brought on line at nuclear
electric power stations, where each million kilowatts brought into
service will make it possible to save two m illion tons of petroleum _
products annually for the national econamy. In 1980, about 156,000 km
of electrical power transmission lines wi11 be constructed."
"Such a program has never been executed by us previously. Now, power
engineers and power builders are working intensively to implement this
program, and are striving to carry out the socialist obligations adopted
at the start of the year."
"However, the totals for five months of work show that along with the
execution of the plan with respect to the basic technical and econamic
indicators (electrical power output, income, etc.), the plan for con-
- struction and installation work on construction starts for power engin- -
eering facilities, and primarily for nuclear power stations, has only
been 92 percent carried out by the ministry."
"Some seven months still remain until the end of the year and this is
enough time to correct the situation and make up the deficiency."
"All of the requisite resources will be concentratQd in the days just
ahed on the construction projects underway, and prior to the end of the
_ second quarter, the camplete outfitting of the facilities with the main
and auxiliary equipment should be completed, as well as with the missing
metal structures and reinf orced concrete, and all quesCions concerning
the project planning and estimate documenta~~on should be resolved."
_ "Considering the "lag which has been allowed in the implementation of
the plan for the construction of power engineering facilities and build-
ings with respect to new capacities coming on line, additional measures
have been worked out by the ministry to increase the pace of work at
the pro.jects which are underway."
"Questions of power engineering construction are regularly taken up at
the meetings of the staff and the party committee of the ministry,
where the directors of the main adninistrations and associations,
construction and installation organizations report on the work which has
been done to implement the decisions which have been made and realize
the plan arssignments. Through a decision of the staff, responsible
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officials of the ministry are assigned to the individual construction
starts.
Groups of skilled specialists are sent out fram scientific research
gnd project planning organizations of the ministry for the operationally
timely resolution of questions which arise during the course of con-
struction of power engineering facilities, as well as for the wider
introduction of advanced methods of work performance and to render
practical assistance on site in refining the work organization, curtail-
ing losses of work time and improving the utilization of construction
machinery and mechanisms at the project. _
Collectives of construction industry enterprises have been mobilized
to carry out the assignments for the fabrication of building structures
for construction starts ahead of schedule. All deliveries of inetal
structures and prefabricated reinforced concrete will be completely
finished in the firsthalf-year. Because of the overloading of plants
for the production of nonstandardized equipment, other enterprises of
the ministry have been called upon for its fabrication.
P.S. Neporozhniy further reported that the USSR Ministry of Energy in
conjunction with the Central Committee of the trade union and party
organizations is doing a great deal of work at construction sites which
= is directed towards improving the organization of socialist campetition
to fulf ill and overfulfill the assignments of the national economic plan
for 1980. The overwhelming majority of construction and installation
brigades have been involved in the competition. The totals of the compet-
ition are regularly discussed at the staff level, where operational
steps are taken to assure the fulfillment of the assumed obligations.
The minister especially underscored the direct dependence of the success-
ful completion of national economic plan assignments and the assumed
socialist obligations for 1980 on the timely deliveries of equipment,
noting that the situation which has arisen is alarming. P.S. Neporozhiy
criticized a number of machine construction ministries and departments
as well as supplier plants, which drag out the deadlines for equipment
deliveries and permit an imbalance in the main and auxiliary equipment
which is supplied, something which creates definite diff iculties.
Having expressed confidence in the fact.that the directors of the
appropriate ministries and suppliers of equipment will take immediate
and effective steps directed towards a clear cut and timely fulfillment
~ of their plans and obligations to the USSR Ministry of Energy, P.S.
Neporozhniy dealt with the program for further expansion of electrical
power engineering, primari].y in the llth Five-Year Plan, which provides `
for the following in particuiar:
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In the area of thermaZ eZectric pocuer stations: The accelerated construc-
tion of primarily the large power complexes: the continuation of t:'~e
construction of electrical power stations at the Ekibastuz coal open
pit mine with the bringing on-line of significant capacities during the
five-year plan; the placing in service of the first units at the KATEK
[Kuybyshev Motor Vehicle, Tractor, Electrical Equipment and Carburetor
Plant] electrical power stations, wfiich will provide electrical power for
the electrically power intensive production in Siberia and will make it
possible to transmit some of the electrical power to the center of the
nation ~~ia ultrahigh capacity power lines; the construction of electrical
power stati~ns using casing-head gas in the Tyumen'oblast, from which the ~
electrical power will be transmitted via 1,150 KV power lines to the
Urals, as well as the construction of a large 4.8 million KW capacity
electrical power station with units of 800,0~0 KW each using solid fuel
~ (Kuznets coal).
In the area of nuclear pou~er enginee2~ing: Building up the capacities going
on-line at the ALS's alrEady under construction and the forced constr+uc- ~
tion of new AES's with the placing of the capacities on line in the llth
Five-Year Plan. The program for the construction of nuclear power sta-
tions is designed so that beginning in 1981, all of the growth !.n elec-
trical power generation i?i the European area of the Soviet Union will
basically come from nucle3r power stations: the Khmel'nitskaya,
Zaporozhskaya, Rostovskaya, Balakovskaya, Kalininskaya, Ign~linskaya AES's,
and others.
The minister ef power engineering and electrification af the USSR noted
that to carry out the broad program of AES construction, it is necessary
to solve a number of organizational problems, since the structural de~i.gns
of AES's are characterized by a high metal capacity, the extensive use of
alloy and special steels, complexity in the manufacture of the production
process equipment and the performance of the construction and installati~n
work, as well as the necessity of ineeting the requirements for radiation
saf ety and other special features.
The USSR Ministry of Energy has worked out measures for high speed~flow-
line construction of nuclear electric power stations with the annual
bringing on-line of one million KW at each station. The first such flow
is being organized in the construction of the Zaporozhskaya AES, the
construction experience with which will be used in the organization of
the flow-line construction of nuclear power stations with capacities of
4 to 6 million KW each.
However, the following is needed for this: _
--A sharp increase in the quality and completeness of tl,e production
process equipment packages delivered by industry, an increase in the _
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requirements placed on the quality of the construction and installation
work, assurance of a strict schedule for work performance and the change-
over of nuclear power stations to series construction;
--Completely resolve qu~stions of material and technical supply of
nuclear power stations under construction, assure the execution of the
physical work volumes for AES construction starts and projects which are
underway within the timeframes needed for flow-line erection of series
nuclear power stations;
_ --Provide for maximum stability of equipment supplied by industry during
the llth Five-Year Plan and do not make an serious changes in its struc-
tural design, something which can lead to a disruption of the schedules
which have been worked out for the flow-line construction of nuclear
power stations;
--Assure the advanced allocation and timely supply of the annual funds
for material and technical resources, increasing the norms set in this
case for the residual materials which are carried over.
In the area of centraZized heat suppZy: Continue the further development
of TETs construction, for which it is necessary to bring in substantial
capacities in the llth Five-Year Plan for central heating and electric
power stations; in this case, it is planned that by the end of the five-
year plan, the capacities of large nuclear heat and electric central
power stations (ATETs) and nuclear heat supply stations IAST) will be
brought on line.
In dealing additionally with the questions of hydroeZectrie potver engin-
eering eonstruetion, P.S. Neporozhniy underscored the necessity of
wider development of hydroelectric power engineering. He noted that the
Soviet Union has the greatest hydroelectric power potential, however,
as yet only 18 percent of it is used, i.e., to a significant lesser
extent than in the developed capitalist nations.
In such extremely large collectives of hydroelectric builders of the
USSR ministry of energy as Bratskgesstroy, Vilyuygesstroy and
Taymyrenergostroy, only 8 to 10 percent of the overall work volume goes
for work on the construction of thz hydroelectric engineering facili-
ties, while the bulk of the capacity of these subdivisions is utilized
in industrial construction.
The question of the necessity of disassembling obsolete equipment at -
thermal electric power stations and simultaneously modernizing and retro-
fitting worn out equipment at large thermal and hydroelectric power
stations was touched upon in the address of the minister of power engin-
eering and electrification of the USSR.
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i~~~u ~~i i~ t~~?. u:;t: u~at,t~
1n touchi.ng ~n the problems of the development of eZect.rir_a2 pm,~er
nett~ork constructirn2, P.S. Neporozhniy emphasized the necessity of a
considerable growth in the placement of electrical power transmission
lines at voltages of 35 KV and above in service, including the operational
start for the direct current 1,500 KV Ekibastuz-Tsentr power line and -
the alternating current 1,150 KV Ekibastuz-Ural and Surgut-Ural power ].ines.
The minister noted in the report the construction of such custom designed -
facilities as nuclear electric power stations, and large GRES's in the
eastern regions of the nation, as well as ultralong electrical power trans-
mission lines requires outfitting the construction organizations with
more reFined and higher capacity equipment, especially motor vehicle
transportation.
The successful erection of the large stone and earth dams of the powerful
GES's in the nation's eastern regions likewise depends in many respects
on the presence of large load capacity dump trucks, powerful bulldozers,
scraper.s and excavators, the demand for which is not completely satisf ied.
Also mentioned was the fact that it is necessary to devote special atten-
tion to the reUuilding and expansion of the bases of the construction
industry of the ministry because of the transition to the fabrication of
compl.etely new types of reinforced concrete and metal structures, as well
as other products. ~
It was noted that the USSR Ministry of Energy is working on the problems
of masterin~ nontradiational methods of generating electrical power.
. Thus, the first electrical power station using solar energy will be con-
structed in the Crimea; it is planned that electrical power stations using
the heat of geothermal water will be built in Kamchatka, in Dagestan and
in other regions of the nation.
In touching on the problems of stable operation of the Unified Power
System of the liSSR dnd meeting the peak loads, P.S. Neporozhniy noted
that since the operation of ~hermal and nuclear power stations, from the
v-iewpoint of l.iability and economy, is most efficient in a steady-state
mode, i.e., in the base region of the load charts, it is necessary to
expand the construction of flexiblP hydroelectric, water storage and
gas turbine etectric power stations.
'I'he results of calculations which have been made show that, to assuz�e stable
oneration of the ~ower systems, it is necesaary to have up to 25 percent
oE the capacity in the form of flexible power capacities. Under these
conditions, it is essential to make more complete use of the hydroelectric
power resources of the rivers of the European area of the nation, to imple-
ment the planned pr.ogram for the construction of water storage power
stations, and also to resolve the questions of through transfer via
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i�~~i; ~~i~i~ i~:ini. u:;i~: ~~Ni.~~
tiup~~rlong electrical power transmission l.ines of the flexible power
c�apac ity of Sihf_rian G~S's to Tsentr. The effectiveness of s~ich pawer
transmission is confirmed by engineering and econumic dev~lopmental work
and oPerational experience in the power sy~tems.
In c:onclusian, P.S. Neporozhniy, on behalf of the official staff of the
ministry, assured the CPSU Central Committee and the USSR Coun~il of
Min:isters that the two million member army of power engineers is f u lly
r~solved to assure the advanced development of power engineering and
electrification of the nation, as well as to create the conditions f or
a rel.iab le power supply for industry, agriculture and the populace.
The deputy chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers, chairman of the
USSR Gosplan, N.K. Baybakov, analyzed the development of power eng ineerinR
in the lOth Five-Year Plan, and underscored the need to create the
:ippr~priate reserve of capacities in power systems, accumulate stocks of
fuel at electrical power stations, and increase the pace of power e ngin-
eeri.ng construction, expecially, the construction of nuclear power sta-
tions.
' 1)ep~ity chairnan of the USSR Council of Ministers, V.N. Novikov and V,E.
Dymshits, spoke in their addresses about problems of the machine construc-
tiun ministries and the USSR Ministry of Energy as well as measures to
support advanced development of power engineering. They noted that these
ministries should work in a goal oriented manner to standardize the power
engineering equipment being produced, to use ~tandard designs for e lec-
trical power stations on a wider basis, and they underscored the ne ed to
reinf orce labor discipline in the subdivisions of the USSR Ministry of
Energy and improve the quality of the construction of power engine ering
faci~ities.
The president of the USSR Academy of Sciences, academician A.P. Ale ksandrov
discussed the great contribution of scientists to the improvement of the
fuel and energy balance of the nation, the utilization of the latest
achievement of science and engineering in the design of custom mad e pflwer
engineering equipment and the promising trends in the work to incre ase
, the capacities and the level of autamation of nuclear power statio n s,
including those with fast neutron reactors.
The ministers V.V. Krotov, K.N. Rudnev, Ye.P. Slavskiy and the fir st
deputy minister A.I. Mayorets reported on measures taken in the sec tors
t~ provide for thc~ timely supply of equipment to power engineering
construction starts, improve tne technical level and quality of the
steam turbines and boilers being produced, as well as the nuclear r eactors,
electrical equipment using high voltage devices and automation equipment
for electrical and thermal power generation processes.
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i~i~;: i~i~ t 1~' 1.\l l~::t ~~tJl 1
~
The director oT the All-Union Scientific Research Institute for F.lectrical
_ Machine Construction, academician I.A. Glebov, the chief design engineer
For stear~i and gas turbines of the "Khar'kov Turbine Plant" production
association, Yu.F. Kosyak and the general director of the "Izhorskiy Plant"
production assor_iation, 1,.V. Tupitsyn, talked ir their addresses about
the measures being taken to ciirtail the timeframes for placing high effic-
iency types of machines and power sets in production, as weli as the
design of a standardized series of turbogenerators an6 hydroelectric gener-
ators, as well as large electrical machines.
The chief of the Gidroproyekt Institute, L.P. Mikhaylov, presented a
report to the conference, in which he noted that for the purpose of
reducing the estimated cost and curtailing the duration bf the construc-
tion of hydroelectric facilities, the institute has changed over to plan-
ning hydroelectric stages in steps and territorial industrial complexes,
r.aking into account the prospects for the development of a region and
the repeated disl.ocation of col]ec.tives from one construction project to
1n~ther. Surh project plan solutions make it possible to eff iciently
utilize the construction project bases and settlements designed for
facilties already under construction. The base and settlement for the
Boguchanskaya GES has been planned on this principle, the engineering
draft of which was appr.oved at the start of the current year. Maximum
utilization is made in the project plan of ttie capabilities of the exist-
ing Bratskgesstroy bases, because of which, the estimated cost of the
Boguchanskaya GES has been successfully reduced by 70 million rubles.
The technical and economic substantiation has been worked out by the insti-
tute E'or. the largest regional base in the constructi.on industry in the
region of Lesosibirsk, which will provide structures and materials for the
construction oE the stage of powerful GES's: the Sredne-Yeniseyskaya,
Turukhanskaya, Osinovskaya and Pedkamenno-Tun~usskaya. The advanced
construction of such a base will make it possible to reduce the time
required for the canstruction of these hydroelectric stages by six to
eigh[ years and reduce their estimated cost by 350 to 400 million rubles.
An engineering project plan for the first Yuzhno-Ukrainskiy power engin-
eering complex in the nation has also been developed, the complement of
wliich incl.udes a nucl.ear electric power station with a capacity of 4
mill.ion KW, as we17. as water stoxage and hydroelectric stations with an
overall capacity of 2.2 milli.on KW. Al1 of the electrical power stations
of ttii.s complex are joined together technology by means of the joint
utilization oi the water reservoirs being built for both the cooling of
the circulation water of the nuclear power station and for the energy
storage. The co~bining of the facilities into a single complex wi7.1 make
it possible to save more than 10 percent of the capital investments,
material and .labor er.penditures during ~he construction and operational
periods of the complex.
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, . , 1 ,~~\1 1
Tn critically anal.yzing the work of the institute, L.P. Mikhaylov
add-itionally noted that the time has come where it is necessary to
im~r~ve the coor.dinarion between the USSR Gosplan and USSR Gosstroy
in work to create regional and inte~sectoral schemes for the development
oE production forces, and the scientific substantiation of the compos-
ition ~1nd capacity of a power complex, taking into account the layout,
concentration and construction sec~uence of all of the facilities of the
infrastructure. It is well known that the technical level of hydro-
electric stage construction is dete~cmined by the design solutions
embodied in the project plan. In terms of the layout, structural design
and production process design solutions, the project plans for domestic
hydroelectric power stations are in many cases superior to foreign ones,
something which is acknowledged by international engineering public
opinion. However, this does not give us the right to be self-satisfied,
since tlle results of a comparison of project plans with respect to the
mechanisms used in the construction do not argue in our favor. Hydro-
electric power en~ineering construction projects are in need oi larger
load capacity dump trucks, powerful bulldozers, wide belt transporters,
high productivity drilling equipment, concrete pumps, tunnel drill.ing
combines, etc., where the majority of this equipment can be manufactured
by domestic industry. The introduction of high output machines and
mechanisms will allow for a substantial improvement in labor productivity,
a reduction in the duration and r_ost of construction and a boost in r_he
technical level of the project planning.
Further, L.P. Mikhaylov, in dealing with questions of project plannin~
for nuclear electric power stations, noted the existing deficiencies
and discussed measures di~ected towards reducing the cost and curtailing
the time required for AES construction. Thus, the specialists of the
institute have substantiated the econamic efficiency of increasing the
capacity of the ICurskaya and Chernobyl'skaya AES's, and are working out
measures to increase the capacity of the Smolenskaya AES. The realiza-
tion of these proposals will make it possible to dispense with the
discovery of new sites, as well as organize three long term constructi.on
f].ows using the forces of the collectives which have been put together,
using existing construction bases and settlements. Becaus~ of this,
the labor expenditures for the series of power units in the llth Five-
Year Plan will be reduced by more than 20 percent.
To reduce thE construction labor intensity of nuclear power stations,
scientists and engineers of Gidroproyekt have proposed the erection of
the structure of the main frames of AES's in monolithic prefabricated
reinforced concrete using a specially developed technology. When the
tirst reuctor unit was erected using this technology, the duration and
labor iritensity of the construction work directly on the unit was cut in
half. At the present time, this technology is beiiig refined, and will
be introduced in the future at all of the AES's under construction in
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our c�ountry. `L'he insti.tute specialists are ].ikewise working on project
plan solutions, which will make it possible in the llth Five-Year Pl.an
to reduce labor outlays f.or construction and installation work by a
factor of 1,5 as compared to the indicators achieved in the lOth Five-
Year Flan.
The chief of. Krasnoyarskgesstroy, F.I. Sadovskiy, reported that the
collective of builders uf Krasnoyarskgesstro~, which is constructing
the Sayano-Shushenskaya and Maynsl:aya GES's in the Krasnoyarsk kray,
as well as thermal el.ectric power stations in Krasnoyarsk, Abakan and
Minusinsk, are making provisions to bring two hydroel:ectric units on line
this year with an overall capacity of 1,280,000 KW at the Sayano-
Shushenskaya GES and two power units with an overall capacity of 170,000
KLJ at thermal electrical power stations.
Based on work totals for five months, the plan for the "electrical
power engineering" sector has been fulfilled by 106 percent, while that
for construction starts has been fulfilled by 102.5 percent. The
construction and installation work on the plants being brought on line
and the dams being constructed are going ahead in accordance with the
- schedule. Krasnoyarskgesstroy, in conjunction with the party committee,
has developed effective measures, the execution of which is being moni-
tored, to realize the entire complex of ~onstruction and installation
work provided by the plan for bringing the power capacities on line.
The introduction of advanced methodsof labor, brigade subcontracting and
. the comprehensive mechanization of the preparation, delivery and re-
working of concrete play a substantial role in the fulfillment of the
plan for the construction and installation work and the most important
topical assignments. In particular, as a result of the mechanization
of the manual labor of concrete workers, the output per shift for concrete
pouring, figured per one concrete worker, amounts to 10 to 15 m3 at the
present time.
S.I. Sadovskiy additionally noted that the economic impact ~f hydro-
electric power stations under modern conditions has been substantially
improved, while the specific capital investments in their construction
have come close in terms of the amount to the capital investments in the
construction of thermal electrical power stations, taking into account
the expenditures for the development of the fuel base.
Th~ experience acquired in the construction of large hydroelectric units,
the tech~iical outfitting of the construction organizations and the use
of new methods of work production make it possible at the preseat time
to significantly curtail the time required for the construction of hydro-
- electric stat~ons.
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ThF USSR Ministry of Energy, in ~~onjunction with the Krasnoyarsk kray
c.ommittee of t~e CPSl1 has developed proposals for th~~ acceleration of
the comprehensive utilization of the hydroelectric power resources of
Eastern Siberia.
In line with these proposals, the construction of. a series of hydro-
electric stations is planned on the Yenisey River, which will make it
- possible to considerably increase the power potential of the Combined
Power System of Siberia and improve the fuel and energy balance of the
Urals and the European area of the nation b~ means of transmitting
inexpensive electrical power via direct current electrical power trans-
mi.ssion lines at a voltage of 1,500 KV and alternating current;lines
- at a voltage of 1,150 KV.
The locations of the GES's in the immediate vicinity of the mineral
and raw material and forest resources creates favorable conditions for
the construction of new large territorial production complexes in the
Krasnoyarsk kray.
A deep water route from the mouth of the Yenisey will be run through
the water reservoirs of the series of hydroelectric stations to
Krasnoyarsk, something which will make it possible to provide for the
passage of seagoing vessels, and in conjunction with the northern sea
route, will allow for the creation of an additional main transport line,
which will tie the European area of the nation to 6iberia in bypassing
the heavily loaded sec:tion of railroad lines through the Urals.
In 1978, general secretary of the CPSU Central Committee and chairman
of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Comrade L.I. Brezhnev
rated very highly the labor of the collective of builders and installa-
tion workers of Krasnoyarskgesstroy and all the participants in the
cr.eation of the Sayano-Shushenskaya GES when he was present for the
occasion of the ptacing of the first hydroelectric sets of the Sayano-
Shtishenskaya GCS in operation. This became a factor of enormous mobil-
izing force for us, and inspired the placing of the subsequent sets on
line ahead of schedule.
In noting that the upcoming five-year plan will be the last step in the
construction of the Sayano-Shushenskaya GES, S.I. Sadovskiy advanced
the opinion thc~t it is expedient to form a single large capacity con-
struction organization for the erection of the hydroelectric stations of
the entire Yenisey series, set up a single regional base for the
construction industry and a well equipped comfortable city for the
builders at I,esosibirsk, and organize the directorate for the Yenisey
series of GES's under construction; he also proposed the financing of
the construction for the entire series, and not for the individual
facilities. This will create the conditions for widescale Flexibility
- with resources and their more eff icient utilization.
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I~uh r,l~t~ t~'Inl, ~i:;i: t~Nt.Y
In the report of the director of the Ekibastuzenergostroy trust, E.Ye.
Filatov, it was noted that the collective of Ekibastuz power builders are
faced in the current five-year plan in the future with the construction
and bringing on line of four large thermal electric power stations with
an aggregate capacity of 16 million KW and two unique design substations
for the direct current electrical power transmission lines at a voltage
of 1,500 KV and for the 1,150 KV alternating current lines.
However, the work pace still does not come up to the standards for the
tasks of accelerated construction and placement in service of the
facilities of the Ekibastuz fuel and power complex.
The power builders of Ekibastuz have completely accepted as their fault
the justified cr.iticism made in the address to the USSR Ministry of
Cnergy by the general secretary of the CPSU Central Committee and ctiair-
man of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Comrade I..I.
Brezhnev at the November (1979) Plenum of the CPSU Central Committee.
The resolution of ttie Plenum of the CPSU Central Committee was discussed
at a meeting of the party and management active membership of Ekibastuz _
power builders. The assignments of all construction subdivisions are
specified in the adopted decree.
In cooperation with the Orgenergostroy Institute, measures have be~n
worked out to eliminate the lag which has been permitted and to assure
that three more power units with an overall capacity of 1.5 million KW
will go on line in the current year. These have been reviewed and approved
by the management of the ministry.
The state of affairs at the power units under construction (Nos. 2, 3 _
and 4) inspires confidence in the reality of the fulfillment of the set
assignment. At the present time, the installation of the second turbine
set is being completed, on which the start-up alignment work will begin
in .June, and by the end of July, i.t is planned that a comprehensive test
of the second power unit will be made. Al1 of the construction work has
been completed on power unit No. 3, which assures the opening up of a
wide front for the installation o� the equipment, The collectives of
installation workers are faced with the execution of an intense work
program.
The mobilization of the collectives of power builders for the execution
of this program is the major task of all organizational and ideological
and educational work at the construction projects.
The scope of socialist competition will broaden, and will become increas-
ingly efficacious. Valuable initiatives of the nation's leading col-
lectives have been disseminated and supported: competition under the
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slogan "Work Without Falling Behind", "Accomplish the Five-Year Assign-
ments with the Fewest Personnel". There are S4 brigades working on the
constructian project using the method of brigade subcontracting.
The creative cooperation of the power builders with the plants suppl.ying
the equipment and strtictures, which was started in the past year, has
become an indespensable part of our work.
'I'he introduction of new forms of socialist competition and the search for
other ways of ascertaining internal reserves are helping us to build up
the pace of construc.tion. Since the start of the year, the construction
of the facility has gone ahead with the overfulfillment of the plan for
- cunstruction and installation work, and there is sonfidence that the 1980
plln witl be over.Fulfilled.
One of the basic measures to assure the accelerated placement in service
of the capacities of the Ekibastuz GRES's is the organization and refine-
ment of inethods of flow line construction of the electrical stations of
the fuel and power complex.
The organizational fundamentals of flow-line construction were established
in the USSR Ministry of Energy in 1979 by means of creating independent
constructi~n and installation organizations for each flow. At the present
time, the methods of flow-line construction are widely utilized in con-
struction practice. As a result, the builders are now ahead of the instal-
lers by one unit, and by the end of the year, the gap will reach two
. units. The construction work has started on the Ekibastuz GRES-2. With
this organizational scheme, it is very important to have a c].ear cut inter-
action of all subdivisions participating in the flow, as well as the de-
signers, builders, installers, structures and equipment suppliers and
builders of the power grid facilities.
We we.ll understand the entire complexity and responsible nature of the
task of creating the Ekibastuz fuel and power complex, said E.Ye. Filatov.
The past years of construction have taught us a great deal. All of the
bitilders of tlie complex are completely resolved to achieve considerable
successes in the construction of the Ekibastuz GRES's, and to give of
their strength, knowledge and experience for the successful realization o�
the tasks of the party.
The manager of the "Mosenergo" regional power engineering administration, -
I.N. Yershov, and the director of the Reftinskaya GRES, Yu.V. Ivanov,
shared the experience of the work of their own collectives to reduce
specific fuel consumption for the generation of electrical and thermal
power as well as to speed up the mastery of the newly introduced capaci-
ties.
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The secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the
Ukraine, A.A. Titarenko, and the secretary of the Leningrad oblast
committee of the CPSU, A.P. Dumachev told of the great contribution of
party committees and labor collectives to the organization of the con- -
struction and the mastery of the capacities of the power engineering
facilities, as well as about the work experience of the enterprises in
saving fuel and energy r.esources, increasing the efficacy of socialist
c~mpetition and designing highly economic power equipment. The secretary -
of the party committee for the construction project of the Ryazanskaya
GRES, L.A. Temenova shared the working experience of the party organiza- .
tion and the collective of builders and installation workers who success-
fully completed the construction of the first stage of the electrical
power sta~ion in a short peziod of time,
At the meetings of the sections, a broad group of questions concerning
the improvement of construction organization and the operation of power
engineering facilities was universally discussed, as well as the improve-
ment in the economy, reliability and service life of the power equipment
being produced and assuring its timely delivery to conscruction starts.
The work of the construction section was opened by tlie introductory p
address of the first deputy minister P.P. Falaleyev who chaired the -
section and characterized the situation in power engineering construction ~
over the past five months of the current year; Y�e directed those present
towards the discussion of such priority questions as the concentration of
al1 resources on projects under construction and the development of
measures which should be taken by the managers of construction proj~cts _
for the purpose of absolutely fulfill.ing the asignments set before them.
The following spoke at the meeting of the construction section:
The chief of the construction administration of the Smolenskaya AES,
F3.M. Reva, noted the necessity of developing series project plans for
the RBMK-1000 ancl WER-1000 reactor units, being constructed by the in-
_ dvstrial flow-li.ne method from standardiZed structural components.
F-rom this viewpoint, the structural technology and layout design solu-
tions for the first stage of the Smolenskaya AES with two RBMK-100U
reactors are *he prototypes f.or a series-produced AES. The project plan
cleveloped by Gidropro~ekt provides for a significant increase in the pre-
fabricated structures of the main frame, the use of reinforced panels
_ and ribbed cover plates: a new engi.neering design of the prefabricated -
monolithic varian.t. Al1 of this has made it possible to reduce the labor -
outl~~ys for the installation of 1 m3 of prefabricated reinforced concrete
by six percent and the pouring of 1 m3 of monoli.thic concrete by 14 percent,
as well as significantiy curtail the time for the ere~tion of the struc-
tures.
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~ ~lon~; with this, emphasi.zed B.M. Reva, there are still a large number of
standard dimensions for structures and products wl~ich are not provided
in the products lists of the enter.prises of the Main Power Engineering
Construction Industry Administration; it is difficult to provide
complete packages of structures fabricated at diff.erent plants; aux i-
l.iar.y facilities are constructed using ninnerous standard and individual
project plans. The speaker f.urther dealt with tasks which confront the
collective for the successful bringing of thefirst reactor on line.
the chief o(' the construction administration for the 7.eyskaya GES, A.M.
Shokhin, analyzed paths which promote a reduction in the time and cost
of hydroelectric power construction, noting in particular the wide use -
of container type stock structures, something which permits a reduction
in the duration of the preparatory period and a reduction in loabor out -
lay. Def.iciencies were also noted in future planning, which have a
ruinous impact on the retention and timely transfer of the collective of
hydroelectric builders from one project to another; untimely and incom- -
plete financing, which leads to an increase in the duration of primarily ~
the prepar.ator.y period.
A.M. Shokhin talked about the efficiency of the new continuous concrete
pouring technology, developed by Orgenergostroy in conjunction with
Glawostokgidroenergostroy and Zevagesstroy, which when used provides f or
the preparation of the concrete mix in mobile concrete mixer units directly -
at the pouring site with the subsequent widescale utilization of trans-
porters. The utilization of this technology, according to pre.liminary
figures, will make it possible to reduce the labor outlays per cubic of
piired concrete by 30 percent as compared to the indicators achieved at the
Toktogul'skaya GES. The speaker criticized the position of Gidroproyekt
~:roject planners who did not take ati active part in the development of
this pr.omising techno].ogy.
Tl~e chief of the construction administration of the Chernobyl'skaya AES
V.T. Kizi.ma, briefly generalized the experience with the construction of
the fi~st stage of the AES: the creation of a stable a.nd skilled coll.ective,
a well thought out organization of the construction base, the development
oE a progr.essive technology and strict operation by operation control,
as well. as the introduction of a control system without local level cos t
accounting construction and installation subdivision.
The speaker reported on the fundamentally new decisions taken in the _
c:onstruction of the second stage of the Chernobyl'skaya AES, which have
made it possible to reduce labor outlays in the erection of the reactor
r.oom and the other rooms by 18 to 23 percent (up to 23,000 man-days per
million rubles of construction and installa.tion work), noting in this
case the deficiencies in material and technical support, the timely r.eadi-
ness of the project planning estimate docume:itation, as well as in the
quality and deadlines for the delivery of technological equipment.
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The manager of the Spetsset'str.oy trust, N.Ye. Preobrazhenskiy, discussed
the taskG of the trust in the 11th Five-Year Plan for th~ construction
~ of 1,500 and 1,150 KV power lines. By way of preparation, an analysis
was made c~f. the project plan solutions, a scheme was worked out for flow-
1~Ine construction, the urork volumes were distributed between the r.on-
srruction subdivisions and personnel are being trained.
The speaker analyzed a number of problems, the solution of which will
promote the fulfillment of the plan assignments within the established
deadlines: the development of a stable plan for capital investments over
the years for the entire construction period, c~mprehensive supply of
material and technical resources, increasing and modernizing the fleet
of machines and mechanisms, etc.
The deputy minister of the electrical engineering indistry, G.P.
Voronovskiy, covered the tasks of Minelektrotekhprom to supply the USSR
Ministry of Energy with electrical equipment and cable products, espec-
ially for nuclear power stations, criticized the work of individual enter-
prises of Minelektrotekhprom, and reported on measures which are directed
at the absolute fulfillment of the deliveries of equipment provided by
the plans in the llth Five-Year Plan.
The chairman of the governing board of the USSR Stroybank, M.S. Zotov,
analyzed the state of. affairs in the USSR Ministry of Energy with the
utilization of the capital investments being allocated, noting in partic-
ular the scattering of capital investments among several projects under
construction simultaneously, something which has a considerable influence
or~ the deadlines for the construction o� facilities and their cost; the
increase in tne estimated cost of facilities; the lack of appropriate
supervision of the correctness for payment for equipment and its installa-
tion, as well as failure to install it on time; unsatisfactory warehousing
and stora~e of structures and equipment; losses in work time, downtime of
machines and mechanisms; over-consumption of wage funds, etc.
'Che speaker noted that a powerful economic lever which promotes the con-
centration and saving of resources is the transition to accounting based
on commodity production. In the current year the USSR Ministry of Energy
- is planning to transfer a considerable number of subordinate organizations
over to this form of accounting.
'I'he director of the iJralenergostroy trust, A.P. Doronin, discussed the
positive experience with the construct;on of the Reftinskaya GRES, which
is now being used for the construction of the 4,800 MW capacity
Permskaya GRF.S, and covered the project plan design solutions and planned
organization of work on this, one of the largest electrical power stations
in the nation.
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'fhe secr~tary of Irkutsk oblast committee of the CPSiJ, P.I. Miroshnikov,
disc~issed the probl~ms related to the increasing of the thermal and elec-
trical capacities in the oblast, and acquainted the audience with the
or.ganizational and mass political work carried out by the ohlast committee
for the timely placement of electrical power engineering facilities in
service, and also analyzed deficiencies in providing national economic
, enterprises with thermal and electrical energy.
_ `1'he second secretary of. the Khab arovsk kray committee of the CPSU, L.K. ~
' Obuzhenkov, described the course for the implementation of the program
of power eng:ineering construction worked out by the USSR Ministry of
Fnerg~ in conjunction with the kray committee for the kray in the lOth
Five-Year Plan, and acquainCed the audience with the tasksfor the develop-
~rient of electrical power engineering in the llth Five-Year Plan, and also
dealt with a number of specific measures taken to promote the construction
of a numher of power faciliti.es within the plan timeframes.
'l'he chief of Naryngidroenergostroy, K.B. Khuriyev, discussed the positive
experience with the construction of the Kurpsayskaya GES, in particular:
the use of the highly skilled collective of builders from the
Toktogu.l'skaya GES, existing production bases, the concrete plant of the
Toktogul'skaya GES with the delivery of concrete of special compositions
over 40 km; dispensing with the construction of the civilian residential
facilities (the builders are housed in the city of Karakul'); the devel-
opment of the structural designs for the main structures of the hydro-
electric unit, taking ~~nto account their ease of manufacture; a flow-
line method of construction, etc. Thus, there appeared the real possi-
bility of placing the first units on-line in 1980--1981, i.e., four to
five years after the start of hydroelectric power station construction.
The deputy minister of power engineering and electrification of the USSR,
F.V. Sapozhnikov, dealt with the tasks which are to be solved by the
project planning and scientific research organizations so that,;new stan-
dard project plans are created in short periods of time, the implement-
ation of which will make it possible to curtail labor expenditures and
construction times, reduce the mat~rial consumption of the facilities,
significant].y reduce the number of standard dimensions for structures and
types of main and auxiliary equipment~ and improve the quality and
reliability of the structures. ~
T~~e speaker further took up to tasks related to the design of the ser.ies
project plan for AES's with the WER-1000 reactors, the organization of
construction using flow-line methods and the study of alternative sources
of el.ectrical and thermal energy.
The deputy chieE of Gosgortekhnadzor, M.P. Alekseyev, acquainted the
audience with the experience accumulated in the f ield of observing safety
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r~gulations at a11 stages of the pro~ect planning, construction and
operation of AES's; he dealt with questions of strengthening techno-
logical discipline, increasing the quality of the equipment delivered
to AES's and the creation of specialized plants.
The speaker, in noting the cumbersome naturz of the structure and the
existence of numerous organs monitoring the operational safety of AES's,
proposed the creation of a singie code of regulations on AES safety and
the concentration of the entire inspectorate in a single goverrnnent
organ. _
The chief of the construction administration of the Kostramskaya GRES,
N.Z. Simakov, in acquainting the audience with the experience in organ-
izing the work on the construction of the custom made prototype power
unit wi.th a capacity of 1,200 MW, reported that on the 60th anniversary
of the GOELRO plan, the collective of builders and installers have planned
to put it in trial. industrial operation.
The deputy chairman of the USSR Gossnab, V.N. Ksintars, talked about
measures taken in the field of supply of material and technical resources
to all AES's under construction and a significant number of thermal and
hydroelectric power stations. Along with this, the speaker noted the
failure to determine the demand for material resources on time (the fault
of the project planners), the lack of limit charts and def iciencies in
the utilization of motor vehicle transportation and construction equip-
ment.
Some 750 persons participated in the work of the sections. The proposals
put forward were generalized and reported to the plenary session in the
CPSU Central Committee by the secti.on leaders: fi_rst deputy chairman of
the USSR Gosplan, N.I. Ryzhkov, and the first deputy ministers of power
engineering and electrification of the USSR, P.P. Falaleyev and Ye.I.
Borisov.
In his address, P.P:~Falaeyev noted that more than 260 persons participated
in the work of the construction section, including responsible officials
of the CPSU Central Committee, the AUCCTU, the Komsomol central committee,
secretaries of the central cammittees of the communist parties of the
union republics, secretaries of ob].ast committees of the Party and managers
of ministries and departments as well as iarge construction projects and
power machine construction enterprises.
Major attention was devoted to questions of assuring the bringing of power
capacities on-line in the current year. The task set of increasing the
power capacities placed in service this year is a very difficult exam-
ination for the USSR Ministry of Energy, and it tests our readiness to
_ start the new five-year plan.
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~ . The work of the section showed that all of the conference participants
understand this quite well and acknowledge their responsibility for the
resolutions of the problems set forth in the address by A.P. Kirilenko.
In many reports, the reasons for the lag which has developed over the
past five months were analyzed and approaches to eliminating this lag
were planned.
' As is well known, some 3.4 million KW of power capacities should be
brought on line in the first half~year. Despite the existing lag, we
are figuring on fulfilling the assignment by bringing tY?e hydroelectric
units at Dneproges-2 and the Zeyskaya GES on-line ahead of schedule.
The measures planned for the earilier delivery deadlines of structural
components, and the concentrstion of labor and material and engineering ~
resources wi].l make it possible to figure that by the end of June, 61
units of turbine sets with an overall capacity of 13.8 million KW will
be turned over For installation.
The plan for the placement of electrical power network facilities in
service in the first quarter has been met and there is confidence in
the fulf illment of the plan for the first half-year. In this case,
special attention is being devoted to assuring the placement of electrical
power transmission lines in service for transmitting the power of new
electrical power stations.
A most impor.tant direction of our work in the area of preparing for
winter is the elim ination of gaps between the set and available capacity.
I can report to the conference that the task will basically be fulfilled
by the onset of the winter load maximum. ~
The construction organizations of the USSR Ministry of Energy assumed
full responsibility for criticism directed towards them at the November
(1979) Plenum of the CPSU Central Commi.ttee. We understand that we still
have many defiCiencies in planning and project planning, in using equip-
ment and work time, as well as in construction organization and t~chno-
logy, including the use of brigade subcontracting.
The results of the analysis show that not all of the construction and
i.n$tallation subdivisions of the ministry have concentrated their efforts
on construction starts. A difficult situation has been created at
individual nuclear and thermal electric power stations in connection with
the lsg in construction and installation work.
Those managers and party organizations are acting correctly under these
conditions who concentrate their labor resources on the most important
facilities under construction, are tirelessly engaged with questions of
improving labor productivity and developing efficient forms of socialist
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competition. The positive experience of the collectives of
Naryngidroenergostroy and the construction administrations of the
Reftinskaya and Ryazanskaya GRES's should be cited in this regard.
The talk in the construction section at the conference concerned the
difficulties caused by the untimely delivery of ~power engineering equip- _
ment tor construction starts.
Along with this, it was noted witli justification that under the strained
conditions of the concluding year of the f ive-year plan, we should not
forget about the need to create a construction surplus for 1981 so as
to set a good pace at the start of the llth Five-Year Plan.
There are reasons to assume tha~ the USSR Gossnab and the USSR Ministry
of Ferrous Metallurgy are in agreement with this position and will assure
- the delivery of rolled metal product for the entire annual stock no later
than November of 1980, and will set aside additional resources for the
creation of the sur.plus at nuclear electric power stations.
The increasing volumes of power capacities brought on line require in- -
creasing the voltunes of construction and installation work by a factor
~~f 1.5 in the "electrical power engineering" sector as compared to th?
volume achieved in the lOth Five-Year Plan. A special feature of the
upcoming five-year plan will also be an increase in the labor outlays
because of the turnaround in the construction of nuclear power stations
and the transition to the construction of more labor intensive pulverized
coal electrical power stations (as compared to the previously constructed
gas-fuel oil stations), something which necessitates increases in the
number of workers in construction.
And what are the ways of solving the problems posed?
First ot ail, maximum load reiief tor c.l~e ~uinistry from tl~` cc:,structiuu
of facilities for nonpower-engineering functions. It is necessary to
imp�lement the planned release of the subdivisions of the USSR Ministry
of Energy from the construction of industrial and other facilities start-
ing in 1981. This will make it possible to shift Bratskgesstroy,
Kuybyshevgidrostroy, Kamgesenergostroy, Volgogradgidrostroy,
Taymyrenergostroy and other strong collectives over to the expansion of
power engineering.
Secondly, the refinement of planning and management. Work from the
fact that power engineering construction is a capital intensive sector
with an extensive construction cycle, where large labor outlays are
required to complete this cycle, it is riecessary to have a clear-cut
percpective of one to two five-year plans in power engineering.
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In accordance with the decree of the CPSU Central Committee and the l1SSR
Council of Ministers, "On Improving the Planning and Strengtnening the
Effect of the Economic Management Mechanism to Boost Production Effici-
ency and Work Quality", 14 construction and installation trusts and
administrations with an annual volume of construction and installation
work of more than one b illion rubles have been shifted over to planning,
_ activity estimation and accounting with the custamer based on the volume
of construction commodity production. Some 12 plants in the construction
industry have been shifted over to planning based on the indicator of
standardized pure product output.
The development of a broad comprehensive program directed towards
improving the technical level and efficiency of power engineering con-
struction is being completed: the reduction of labor expendtiures and
construction times, the lowering of the consianption of material resources,
etc.
Thirdly, the implementation oE the achievements of science and engineering
- in construction practice. We have the following in mind: a transition
to project planning and construction of standard nuclear, thermal and
water storage electrical power stations, increasing the level of pre-
fabrication, introducing industrial buildings and structures, new mater-
ials, the creation of a continuous technology for the erection of hydro-
electric structures, etc.
A pramising trend in the organization of flow-line construction of n~c-
lear and high power thermal electrical power stations and electrical
network facilities and hydroelectric power stations by stages.
Otherinteresting proposals were also made by the conference participants,
in particular, to improve the existing management structure for capital
construction, which will be attentively considered by the ministry.
tt is essential for the realization of the planned program that construc-
tion and installation organizations be outfitted with new, highly pro-
ductive construction machines and means of transport, which can handle
the increased work volumes. The USSR Ministry of Energy can solve these
problems to a significant extent with its own forces. However, for this
the plants oF the ministry are to be freed fron deliveries of machine
construction products to other sectors.
The urgent necessity of assuring comprehensive and ti.mely equipment
deliveries and pipes of an increased level of factory readiness with
the modular packaging of the products supplied for thermal and nuclear
power stations brought up to 90 percent must underscored. It is essential
to increase the output of hydroelectric turbines in the shortest possible
_ periods so as not to delay bringing capacities on-line at fiydroelectric
units with a high level of construction readiness, especially in the
European area of the USSR.
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In connection with the construction of the custom design electrical power
transmission lines, the USSR Minelelctrotekhprom should provide for the
development, testing and debugging of the series produced equipment f or
1,150 and 1,500 KV power lines, and also increase the output of large
cross-section conductors.
For the purposes of further industrializing and accelerating power engin-
eering construction in the llth Five-Year Plan, it is necessary to assure
the advanced development of the base for the construction industry of the
ministry. The need for this is due to a change in the structure of power
engineering construction and the territorial arrangement of the power units,
as well as the significant expansion of the volumes of nuclear electric
power station construction and ultrahigh voltage electrical power trans-
mission lines.
In his address to the November (1979) Pleniun of the CPSU Central Committee,
general secretary of the CPSU Central Committee and chairman of the
Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, comrade L.I. Brezhnev pointed
out the major drawbacks which are inherent in power engineering construr.-
tion. The proposals and measures which were considered by the section
in light of these instructions are absolutely useful and their implementa-
tion will make it possible to put existing reserves into effect to in-
~ crease the power engineering potential of our motherland.
In closing the conference, A.P. Kirilenko noted that it had done some
useful work and made it possible to not only analyze the situation in
electrical power engineering fram all sides, and exchange experience, but
also to point out ways of overcoming the existing diff iculties and look
ahead to the future of power engineering. It is a pleasure for me to
report, he said, that Leonid I1'ich Brezhnev has shown a great interest '
in the work of the conference. He has expressed f irm confidence that
Soviet power engineers will complete the lOth Five-Year Plan honorably
and will meet the 26th Congress of the CPSiT in a worthy manner.
COPYRIGHT: Izdatel'stvo "Energiya", "Energeticheskoye stroitel'stvo", 1980
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CSO: 1822 END
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APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000300040032-9