JPRS ID: 9166 WORLDWIDE REPORT NARCOTICS AND DANGEROUS DRUGS

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• Collection: JPRS
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00850R000200090052-3
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 77
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 52
• Content Type: REPORTS

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FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
- JPRS L/9166 _
30 June 1980
Wor~dwide Re ort .
p
NARCOTICS ANu DANGEROUS DRUGS
CFOUO 27/S0~
- FBlS FOREIGN BR~ADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE
- FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
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I
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FOR OFFICTAL USE ONLY
JPRS L/~166
3 0 June ].9 8 0
WORLDWIDE REPORT
NARCOTICS AND DANG~ROUS DRUGS
(FOUO 27/80)
CONTEN7S -
- ASIA
AU S TRALIA -
Briefs
Jailed 'Importer' Clea.red 1
BURMA
Foreigner Sentenced for Heroin Possession
_
- (THE WORKING PEOPLE'S DAILY, 28 Apr 80) 2
HONG KONG
Briefs
Thai National 3entenced 3
SOUTH KOREA ~
Japanese Hiroppon Gang 4�
THAILAND
Police Lieutenant Arrested for Trafficking
(BANGKOK POST, 22 Apr 80) 5
Briefs
Marihuana Seizure ~
Narcotics Suppressian ~
Chinese Arrested With Heroin ~
- a - [III - WW - 138 FOUO)
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CANAI~A
Heroin Maintenance Called First Step in Controlling
Addiction -
(Bruce Alexander; THE VA.NCOWER SUN,
12 May 80) 8
Reforming Canaabis La.ws: Statutee Change, Substance
Rema.ins
(Mike Bryan; THE VANCOWER SUN, 12 May 80) 11
RCMP Sergeant Accused of Hashish Trafficking
(Leopold Lizotte; IA PRESSE, 23 May 80) 14
Youth Worker Says Teenagers Turning to Heroin
(Geof� York; THE CITIZEN, 12 May 80) 16
Briefs
Police Seize Drugs 18
Tfao Charged T~Tith Trafficking 18
Officer Charged in Drug Trafficking 18
Drug Ring Arrests 19
IATIN AMERICA
BRAZIL
War Ca.lled for on Drug Trafficking
(Editorial; 0 GLOBO, 4 May 80) 20
Joint Police Operation Nets Marihuana, Ha.shish ~
(JORNAL DO BRASIL, 10 May 80) 22
_ 'Operation Coffee' Nets Drug Traffickers, Marihuana,
Cocaine �
(0 ESTADO DE SA,O PAULO, 4 May 80) 24
Gold Smuggling in Mato Grosso Involves Cocaine Trade,
Violence
(FOLHA DE SAO PAULO, 4 Ma.y 80) 29
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
District Attorney Contends No Market for Ma.ri~uana,
Cocaine
(Angel Valenzuela; EL NACIONAL, 19 Apr 80) 30 _
~ - b -
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I
ECUADOR
Guayaquil Cocaine, Marihuana Ring Broken Up
(EL COMERCIO, 5 May 80) 32
Brief s
Cocaine Traffickers Caught 33
NEAR EAST AND NORTH AFRICA
EGYPT _
Narcotics Situation in Egypt Discussed
(Ahmad Muhammad 'Auf; AL-AKHBAR, 22 Apr 80) 34
Egyptian-European Cooperation Revealed in Drug Arrest
(Husayn Ghanim; AL-AHRAM, 25 Apr 80) 37
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
MOZAMBIQUE
Wrong Ideology Behind Drug Consumption Cited
(Areosa Pena, Haroon Patel; NOTICIAS, 27 Apr 80) 39
WEST EUROPE
BELGIUM
Belgian Investigators Pursue Francois Ca.se in Pakistan
(LE SOIR, 10 May 80). 43
FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY
Official Discusses Drug Problem, Compulsory Therapy
(~ieinz Eqrich Interview; DER SPIEGEL, 26 May 80}..,.~. 45 -
Chineae Heroin Smuggling Gang Sentenced
(FRAIVICFURTER ALI,GEMEINE, 16 May 80) 58
Ttvo Arrested in Munich for Heroin Deal
(Johann Freudenreich; SUEDDEUTSCHE ZEIrUNG,
8 rtay so) 59
Briefs
Heroin Seizure 61
Heroin Smugglers' Trial 61 -
Major Heroin Seizure, Arrests 62
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FINiAND
Medical Board Lifts Licensea Af ter Prescripti~ns Scandal
(HELSINGIN SANOMAT, 16 Ma.y 80) 63
SPAIN ~
Basque Terroriat Organization Joins Anti-Drug Battle
(EGIN; 3 May 80) 65
- Briefs~
Cocaine, Heroin Confiscated 66 -
Hashish Traffickers Arrested 66
TURKEY
Drug Smuggling Viewed as Dual Problem
(Oktay Eksi; HURRIYET, 15 Ma.y 80) 67
UNITED KINGDOM
Briefs
Cannabie Seizure 69
- d -
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AUSTRALIA _
BRIEF5
JAILED 'Il~PORTEF' CL~ARED--A man gaoled in January for four years and fined
$3000 for attempting ~~o import heroin into Australia was cleared by the -
Court of Criminal Appeal yesterday. The Chief Justice, Sir Francis Burt, and
two other Sup~eme Court judges allowed the appeal of Mark Henry Abbott (25),
fisherman, of Sackville Terrace, Scarborough. They quashed the conviction and .
set aside the p~ison sentence an~l fine. Abbott had been sentenced in the Su-
preme Court after being found guilty of attempting to import heroin into
Australia about September 22, 1978. He had already been acquitted of a charge
of importing heroin about tha.t date. The Chief Justice said there was ample
evidence tha,t Abbott had told the police during an interview that he had a- .
greed with another man that he would go to Malaysia to b~}r heroin and bring
it back to Australia. Abbott had intended t~ import heroin but it was not
proved that he had attempted to import heroin and the appeal should be allowed.
[Excerpts] [Perth THE WEST AUSTRALIAN in English 25 Apr 80 p 177
~so: 5300
i
~
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BURMA
FOREIGNER SENTENCED rOR HEROIN POSSESSION
Rar.goon THE jdORKING PEOPLE'S DAILY in English 28 Apr 80 p 7
[Text] ,
BAnt~itox, 26 Apr-A jan{eson were arre@ted
Thai crjminA~ Fpurt has la$t September at ~ hotel
sentenceci a Hawaii man to iq Chjangm~i, 345 mile~
4o ye~rs imprisonment for north of Ban~kok, Poliee
possessjon of he~ojn ~or found 35o grammea of
sale~ officials reported high-grade l~eroi~ h~dden
Friday. under a mattresg i~ their
The cnurt Thu~~d~y hote~ room.
found Marc Ford Be~}~ett 'I'wo Tha; accomp~ices
guilty of possession of g~r fled before the police raid
grammes of ~}crojR fAf ~nd later syrre~dered to
_ sale. autt~orities, .
~ A}~o[}~e~ Amer~can, D4- 'T}~e Chiangmai Coprt
~jd Nlporcroft, also from found Be~nett gui~ty as
Hawaii, was acquitted. charged and aentenced
_ Greg Janjeson,. of San hjm tg li~e imQrisonment
Fr~nci~co, Ca~ifornia,~ but the term wa; T43uced
jumped b$il duc~n~ ~he to 4p yearg bec~use his
trjal ac}d a w~rrant for his testjmopy was beneficial
arrest has been isgued. to the proceeding..
BenneX~, Mporcro~ a~}d
CSO: 5300 .
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- HONG KONG
BRIEFS
THAI NATIONAL SENTENCED- A Thai national was sentenced to six years in
jail by Mr Justice Rhind in the High Court yesterday for smuggling
$250,000 worth of dangerous drugs into Hongkong. The jury took less
than 15 minutes to find Smorn TuL`ooramar (37) guilty of a charge of pos- ~
sessing a95.54 grams of a mixture containing 842.39 grams of salts of
esters of morphine for unlawful trafficking. Smorn arrived here from
Bangkok on January 2 and customs officers at the airp~rt discovered pack-
ets of dangerous drugs conce~l~d in the false bottom and top of his brief-
case. Smorn claimed in his defence that he was asked by someone in Bang-
kok to deliver the briefcase to Hongkong and that he had no knowledge
that it contained dangerous drugs. Excerpt7 LHong Kong SOUTH CHINA
MORDIING POST in English 4 Jun 80 p 1~
CSOs 5320 ~
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S OUT'H KOREA
BRIEFS
JAPANESE HIROPPON GANG--The Pusan District Prosecution has asked for Interpol
cooperation in searching for members of a Japanese gang involved in hiroppon
_ smuggling and violence after confirming their entry into the nation, it was
learned yesterday. The prosecution has arrested Ichinori Takanori, 37, from
Tokyo, a liaison person for the Japanese hiroppon smuggling Sumiyoshi Gang.
Takanori told investigators that Sumiyoshi Gang leader Tanaka and three of
his subordinates had been staying in Korea after they entered the nation as
tourists. Six Korean manufacturers of and dealers in hiroppon who have been
linked with the Japanese ring have been arrested by the prosecution on
suspicion of violating the Habit-forming Drug Control Law. The prosecution
conf3scated seven kilograms of kiroppon and 10 hanging scrolls and a sta- _
tionery chest which the dealers used in concealing the smuggled hiroppon.
They included Kil Tae-in, living in Hongun-dong, Sodaemun-ku, a hirappon
manufacturer; and Son Ho-yol, 50, in Huam-dong, Yongsan-ku, a hiroppon
dealer posing as a tourist guide. According to the prosecution, Kil produced
20 kilograms of hiro~:von from December 1978 througYi January 1979 and sent
it to the Japanese ring by~air during October 1979 through last March.
[Text] [Seoul THE KOREA TIMES in English 21 May 80 p 8]
CSO: 5300
4
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THAILAND
POLICE LIEUTENANT ARRESTED FOR TRAFFICKING
BK220143 Bangkok BANGKOK POST in English 22 Apr 80 pp 1, 3
[Excerpts] A Lampang police off icer and a former Chiang Mai ~,oliceman
_ were arrested in the north over the weekend, allegedly in connection with
a narcotics trafficking ring which police said supplied about 70 percent
- of heroin processing chemicals to clandestine reiineries in the north and
"considerable quantities" of drugs to the south.
The two suspects wer.e identified as Pol Sub Lt Champhichai Phumsual (37),
an. officer attached to the third zone provincial police in Lampang, and
Suriya Lophet (51), a former master-sergeant in Chiang Mai.
Two other suspects were held by police on April 14, on charges of drug
trafficking. They are Damrong, alias Metha Phusakrangsarit (42) and Prakit
Charusiri (45), proprietor of the Chemical Scientif ic Industry Company on
Ratchdamnden Avenue and a former close business associate of convicted
drug trafficker Siri Sirikun.
Pol Maj-Gen Phao Sarasin, secretary-general of the Office of Narcotics
Control Board, told a press conference yesterday that the arrests of the
four men, particularly Prakit, was the result of three to four years of
strenuous police surveillance undertaken since the arrest of Siri Sirikun
in October 1976.
Siri is serving a lif e term in Bang Khwang Maximum Security Prison for
narcotics trafficking, plus 21 years for escaping from ~ail.
Ma~-Gen Phao claimed that the four men would smuggle heroin processing
chemicals from the south to Chiang Mai, where Suriya, the expoliceman,
would sell them to re=ineries along the Thai-Burmese border.
Later, acting on orders from Prakit, Suriya would contact Pol Sub-Lt
Champhichai to get the "finished product" from thp refineries and have
them transported, first to Bangkok and finally to southern provinces by
the alleged "courier," Damrong, Ma.j-Gen Phao alleged.
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He said that on Aprit 9, a special police unit of the NCB led by Lt
- Itthiphon Rattanaphon was dispatched to Chiang Mai on the trail of Prakit.
On April 10, police saw Damrong driving Prakit's yellow Volkswagen to
Chang Phuak Hotel in Chiang Mai and ct~eck into it. Damrong then lef t the
hotel to meet with Suriya at the latter's home and then went to Poi Luang
Hotel where he met with Prakit.
Ma~-Gen Phao said Damrong, on Prakit's orders, contacted Chanphichai the
next day at Soemmit Restaurant, opposite Poi Luang Hotel, to discuss the
delivery on April 14 of a consignment of 15 morphine bricks, worth about
500,000 baht.
But only four bricks weighing 3.3 kilogrammes were delivered by Chanphichai
- who promised to furnish the rest the following day, he said. With the
four morphine bricks, Damrong left Chiang Mai in Prakit's VW and was arrested
in Lamphun, the Maj Gen added. Prakit who had already returned to Bangkok
was apprehended the same afternoon at his office on Ra.tchadamnden Avenue.
Chanphichai was arrested in Chiang Rai on April 19 on his way to Chiang Mai
and Suriya was nabbed the next morning in his house in Chiang Mai. Both
were later brought to Bangkok for further interrogation.
The NCB secretary-general said police had found a 468,000-baht cheque paid
to Charnpichai by Prakit through the Bangkok Commercial Bank's Chang P~ek
branch.
He added that he believed the arrest of the men would "seriously upset"
heroin manufacturing operations in the north "at least for the next few
months until an alternative supply route of chemicals can be established."
CSO: 5300
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' THAILAND
BRIEFS
MARIHUANA SEIZURE--At 1430 today highway police authorities in Khon Kaen
Province intercepted a 10-wheeled truck with 2,418 kg of marijuana along
~ the Khon Kaen-Kalasin Highway in Muang District, Khon Kaez. The truck
was heading for Bangko?: when it was told to stop for checking. The sole
driver fled immediately after he stopped the car. Highway police offi-
cials, after sending radio message to their commander, brought the truck
to tl-:e Khon Kaen Highway police station. The truck carrying license plate
No "700031 Udon Thani" was found bo have on it 2,418 kg of marijuana worth
over 3 million baht. The marijuana was hidden in rice sacks among the
78 tapioca sacks transported by the truck. [Text] [BK101300 Bangkok
Domestic Service in Thai 1300 GMT 10 May 80]
NARCOTICS SUPPRESSION--Detchat Wongkomonlachet, deputy under secretary of
state for the Interior Ministry, disclosed that there are about 13,454
~ persons now being imprisoned throughout the country on charges of narco-
tics offenses. In FEbruary alone, 1,275 persons were put in ~ails.
� [Bangkok Domestic Service in Thai 0530 GMT 8 May 80 BK]
CHINESE ARRESTED WITH HEROIN--Narathiwat--Two police officers disguised as
potential buyers arrested an alleged Chinese drug trafficker here yesterday
and seized 114 grammes of heroin, police reported. Acting on a tipoff that
a drug trafficker was seen near Che intersection of Kok Thien and Phichit
Bamroong Road the policemen set up an appointment with the suspect to "buy"
the drug, At ab out 3 p.m. a man approached the officers and handed over five
plastic bags to them. Suddenly six more policemen who were posted in the area
earlier apprehended the man. They found heroin inside the bags. Police
identified the suspect as Eng-lee sae Ang, 60. He is being detained at the
Mu~.ng District police station on charges of possession with intent to sell
heroin. [Text] [Bangkok BANGKOK POST in English 13 May 80 p 5]
CSO: 5300
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CluvADA
III�;RQ1N ^(EIINTEidE1NC~: CALLED FIRST STEP IN CONTROLLING ADDICTION
Vaticuuver THE VAIVGOUVER SUN in English 12 May 80 p A6
~~1rtirl~ I~y I;rucc Alc~x,.tn~c,', ~tssoc.i.ale ~~rc~Cassor ot l~~yc.l?c~li~t;y .~t ti.imon
_ I~rnS~r Uuiver.ti.i~y. ~alio has specialized in tlie study of lieroin acldiction
for the past 9 years. He has worked with the B.C. Civil Liberties Asso-
ciation and the Concerned Citizens Drug Study and ~ducation Society in -
upposing the government's compulsory program for heroin addicts.]
[Text]
UR SOCIETY euffere Irom terrl- To deal with drug iasues eifectively we
ble coafusion about druga, and must endure moxe ambigutty and complex-
especlally about hemin. The her- Ity than etther oi these formulaa provides.
oin isaue can be eo frlghtening A mare c~ntully reaearched view has been ~
and, some6ow, peraonal, that ntlonal dia- advocated ln B.C. by our Clvll Libertie~ As-
cusaion becomee impoaeible. aociation, by the ~erned Cltisene' Drug
Normally reawneble people can become Study and Education Society, end othera.
narroa-minded, eimpliatic, and even in- The Brltieh have not "legallzed 6eroin,"
aultin~ oa the topic. In debatea oa hernin, ae Cosgrove suggeats. They have alloaed
statistical informgtlon otten becomes preur[Ptionoiheminund~rvarY~B~~-
merely a aource of on-line auault weo~, tioas eince 192! end bave chang~d their
_ one, without n~ard for the me~ning oi the pollcy ae conditiona shiited.
data in coatert. At preeent~ and �ince 187Z, there hss
On the apeclNc queetion of provldia~ her- been very little herola preecrtbed to ad- ~
oin malntenence for Caaeda'e juakiea, dicts in Brltein. Inatead, the Brltuh luve '
t6ere have been two wideapnad aad com- relied moat heavlly-9d? ~ne,~~lioica
pletely oppoeing viewe. One, recently and drug frae tberapies. Even in the
championed by Ed Coegrove (The Caie � anethadone clinics there has been a major
Agalnat LeQal Hemin, PAQe Five, Apri128), eifort to move patiente towprd abstinence
ia t6at the Brttuh trled harnln meintenance from opiates.
and falled, craiting a huge drn~ and crlme That bringe up the ma~Or etatietical mis-
� pr~blem tiut ~ not 6~ve e~ieted other- repreaepwtion of Cosgrove'e article (but
wi~e. The other la t6at t6e Brltish hemin not the only one). He citea large aelzures of
mainten~nce fyttem reduced heroin uae illegal hemin in 1876 and 1978 and a rela-
. and drua-related crime to ne~l[glble tive.~y large addlct populaaon ia 1878 as
D~Po~� evideace that "legal heroin Ie not the an-
I au~gert th~t the proper reiponse, w6en swer, not menttoning that heroin mainte-.
coafronted with either ot t6e~e timpWtic naace for Brttie6 addicts had been greatly
poeltiona, L to ~tep back, take a deep reduced, and almost eliminated In some
bnath, and nflect for ~ minute on how clinice, by 1872.
comples human ~ociety actuaUy is.
8
f~?
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A morr scraightforward interpretation cauaed Britlaa's woes is abeolutely inde-
oi t6e statiatics would be that the virtual fenaible.
eUmination oi hemin maintenance increas- I have had a fair amount of contact wit6
ed heroin uee and the attendant pmblema, Canadlan herotn addicts during t6e past
- During t6e yeara whea heroin was pre- aine yeara. I am convinced irom thia ex-
ecribed to a large segment of Brltata's her- perience thet a hemin maintenance eystera
ola addlct populetion (1924-1972), t6e sys- would do eotue, repeat aome, ~ood, by lift-
tera worked reaeonably well, tbough tar ing the imposaible burden of ezpenst and
fmm periectly. The number of iunldes was puniahment Addicts muet now bear.
small by Cenadlen st~ndards, the black I 6ave aeen, over aad over, what hap-
market was small and not vicious, and ad- pens to juntiea w6o caanot Qet heroia.
dicts were involved in reiatively little Usually they become sevenly dependent
_ crinae (again by Canedlan atanderda). on otLer, more hazardoua aubetancea, par- _
During the 1880s, with the worl~�wide ticularly barblturatee, elcohol, cocaIne,
rejection ot traditional pm6ibitione, the 8Dd tl'60QYW1i0?a. KeeptaQ them away
~ heroin addict population in Britain rose to from tLeir drug oi choice mere~y entorces -
almoat 3,000, which aeemed draatic, al- mentalandpt~yaicaldegradatlon.
though by Canadian etandarda 3,000 hemin I have seen many junkies use the leQally
addicts out of almoat 80 mlllion people ia available opiate drug, methadone, as a
quite low. Cenada had aa e.~timAted 10,000 mean~ of gettinQ out ot the crlmiael envi-
junJdea in a populetion of about ZO mlllion. ronaieat, ~om~ttmes permeaently. But
So the Brittah reckonecl thelr ayatem methadone is an imperfect maintenance
aeeded improvement and aiter a tranaition drug for a number of reasons.
perlod fmm 1988 to 197Z, adopted the lateat A well-run hernin maintenance pmgram
methods advocated by the International could provide a door back to society for
_ community ot experta. many more addicts than a methadone pro-
51nce the Unlted States has the bulk of gram. In doing so, it would reduce the bur-
the 6emin addicts aad also a gnat deal of den of crime, courts, and prisons, and re-
moaey for research and publicity, the duce the cllmate of fear that makes us ac-
ma jority of the international community of cept police assault on suspected trafflckers
experts are Americans, and the Britieh as normal practice and opeaing of our pri-
moved toward the Amerlcan, aad Cana- nate tnail as necessary.
d(an, methoda. That ie, they de-empha-
eiaed heroin malntenance and inatead Heroin maiatenance could eaeily be
emphasized methadone maintenence ~dminiatered so that the drug would not
cllnics and drug-free forma of therepy. flnd its way to the blacr market. The sim-
By 1972 the new clinics were in plaee aad plest method would be, If it seemed neces-
the prescribing of hemin was mostly cur- sary, to give addicts injectioae at the
tai]ed. It was at about that time that rEally cli.aics or hoepitals when they appeared for
serious heroin problems appeared in Bri- their hernin. 'Ehe money aavec, through -
~~A, crime would eaelly repay the admtnistra-
Whereas most junkies hed formerly tivecost.
been re~istered usera of legal, pure narcot- On the other hand, a 6ernia raaintenance
ics, tde majority now became uadergmund program ia little more than a firet etep to-
- users of illicit hemin. The black market wardcontrollingaddiction.
prices rnae and trafficking increased. Indi- Some heroln users are more involved
cetioas are that the number ot ac~iicts in- with crime than 6eroin. Heroin mein-
creased, but it is now dlfiicult to obtain an teoance alone will not much change the life
accurate eatimate, becauae heroin use !s of this group. Some young addlcts have
now moat~y covert. much too good a time in the illicit drug
Thus, as the Britiah have adopted Ameri- sceae to see aaything attractive in a legal
can and Canadian treatmeat methods, they maintenance program yet.
have increasingly.suffeted fmm American Finally, many of these addicts who
and Canadian-style problems. It is prob- would accept legal heroin maiatenance
a bly true that restrlcting heroin raainte- would still have a long way to go. For them,
naace is not the only cause of iacreased heroin addiction, whether legal or lllegal,
addiction and crime in the troubled Britieh
Iales, but to argue that "legel heroln" has
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~
ts a protective cloa{c against the real world
and it ~mothers the possibility of active,
healthy llving. For t6is group, participa-
tioa in a mainteuance program would be,
at least, a step toward ncognition of their
dependeacy and toaard tho~e who want to
help.
geyond heroin maintenance lie~ ths real
challenge. How to encourage and streuQth-
en young peoPle ao they will not need the
protective cloak of drug addiction. Ho~v to .
respond to Britlah Columbia's more lmpor-
tant addiction pmbleme, nemely addiction
to alcohol, tranquillir,ers, barblturat~, ~nd
the other legal druga. How to chanae the
punitive pmLibitlon lawa that only eeem to
~ ma~e a bad problem worse.
Hemin maintenance le oNy a prst ~tep
townrd controlling addiction. But It is not
fair to condemn a firat etep becauae it dces
not accompllsh the whole f oumey. Nor, ae
Cosgrove did, to blame it for Britain's
pmblems, aince the Brltlsh ~n curreatly
experimentin~ with s lerge etep away irom
- hemin maintenance and eiace otber, more
important factors, like uncontrollable
inflation, racial conflict, and claea hatred -
contribute to their preeent aoclal break-
down and drug pmblem.
If we are to learn irom the Brltish, let us
learn from their best qualitles, auc6 as
their willinQneas to change method~ as
problema ari~e, rather,than clingin~ to _
obaolete eolutions ont of iear and
helplessnese.
_ ^S0: 5320
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CANAllA
'~.::F~f:`~Cl Ct1~'~tiA~3IS LA'JS : STATUTES CHANGE, SUBSTANCE REMAINS
\'anr�uuv~~r T}II'. V.~NC~UVLR SUN in English 12 May SQ p A6
~:lrti.rl~~ l>y hlik~~ L'ry,in, formcrly witl~ tlie drug hrancli of Llir l~ed~~ral
!(~~alth i~epartment and the Le Dain Commission)
fText]
0 MANY CANADIANS, removing When the Narcotic Control Act replaced ~
cannabis (marijuana and hashish) pnvioue narcotl~a legislatton in 1961, t6e
offences from the Narcotic Control eimpls poaseesion of cannabis wae punIsh-
_ Act and placing them in the Food able on Indlctmeat by imprlaonment for up
and Drugs Act means "taldng cannabi~ out to sevea years. Probation for up to Wree
of the Criminal Code" or "decrlmiaallsing yean waa We only alternative to a prison
- cannabls." aentenceiortboee convicted.
Consider, flrat of all, Wat the Narcotic In AuQuet 1988, the act was amended to
Control Act and the Crimlual Code are two allow simple possesoion to be tried on in-
dI#farent statutee. How, then, could remov- dlctment or summary convlctlon, at the
ing cannabie irom one ot them be the proeecutor's option. It slao peranitted the
equlvalent of nmoving it from the other? impodtion of a fine in lieu of imprisonment
Conelder, ae well, that offencea under the for thoee convicted aumm~rily. This
Food and Druge Act are as much "crimes" ~mendmeat aot on~j? hlled to discourage
as offeacea under the Crlmin~l Code. How, cAno~bb uee, it tlao prodnced a drametlc
then, could pl~ctng cannebls oHences in lncreaee in the numyer of convictions for
the Food and Druga Act "decriminallze canaabla poarenlon: from 1,087 ~n 1988 to
cannabis? 5,&IB ia 1~70.
The druQ offencea (aimple posaesaton, When the Le Daln Commisdon recom-
poeeession for the purpose of trafficldng, m~d the repe~l of the oKeace of canna-
traHicging, ~nd importing) and the bmad ~ poWq~ ~ 1972~ tl~ee government re-
police powera ot search aad eeizure (in- ~ponded by enactin~ tbe abaolute and
cluding writs of aesietaace) are essentially conditional diacharge provisions ~of the
the same under both the Narcotic Control Criminal Code. That step was explaiaed by
_ Act And t6e Food aad Drugs Act. The maxi- ~e ~~r, John Munro, as
mum penalties are qeneral~y higher under "action to pnvent in certain caeea the im-
the Narcotic Control Act, but the efiect of poaition of criminal records oa people
arrest and conviction under both atatutes ie ~ti~g~ p0esession of canaabis."
t6e same. A peraon charged with or con-
victed of en ofhnce under elther oi the A diacharge dcea not avold the imposi-
drug lawa wW have a ertmiaal record in tion of a criminal record on thoee charged
addition to any ot6er penalty impoeed. In- wlth possession of cannabia or any other of-
deed, under tederal law today, every of- tence. A peraon who recelaee a diecharge,
fence - n~ardleae of t6e statute it falla according to the code, "s6all be deemed
under f- la treated in law and In practice as not to have been conviMed of the offence."
- a crlminal offeaca.
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Wbat ~unro dldn't point uut was that the The ellmination of imprisonment except
same act which bmught in the dlscharge ta detault of payment of a fine would cer-
proviaioae also amended the Crlminal tainly have reduced the number of people
Records Act eo that that act "appIIes to a ~eut to prisoa each year for possession in
person who haa been granted an abeolute the short run. Until recently, it was as- -
or coadltional discharge as if he htd eumed thet few, if any, cannabie ofteaders
6een convicted of the oifence." were being lncarcerated becauae of their
Tbe Criminal Records Act eetabllahea ineb~ity or refusal to paq a fine. However,
the procedure for applying for a pardoa Prleod statistics fmm Ontario and H.C. now
and specifiee the benetlts of a pardon. indicete 3hat more people ere imprieoned
Tboee benegts lnclude a requirement that ~n detault than ere eentenced dlre�tly to
all fedenil but mt pmvlncisl cuetodlane of Prtson each year for cannabie poesessioa.
recorde ot s pardoaed ofience muat eepa- The 3enate was not satisfied with Bill S-
rate aad seal t6ose recorda from active 19 aa preeented bq the gover~rnent. Its
criminal filea and muet reirain irom dls- cWef concern steramed from the fact that
closing th~ir conunte or their exlstence to . diec6arged offen.dera were etill leit with a
anyenquinr. criminal record. But, ea though the dis-
When you unravel this leQal fiction be- cha~ge proviai~na weren't coofusing
bind the dlacharge pmvieione, then, It bolls eaough by themeelvea, the Senate amend- _
ed the bW to provlde that pereona who re-
down to thle: a dlecharged oftender cen, ceived discturQe fox a Hret oHence of sim-
vnit6oyt per~ury, deny havio~ been convict- ple posseeeion "ahall be deemcd to have
ed of an oHence. In all other nepeeta, he is been granted a pardon under t6e Crlmi-
treated !n law and in practice a crlminal nal Records Act.,~
offender: he cannot deny luvinQ been ar- Tp1~ ~~sutomatic pardon" prnvlsion was
reated, charaed, found gullty, or aenteaced eaplained by Its Senate'upporters as a
for a crlminal oifence; nor can be deny
having a criminal record. In any future meaas "to aave the accueed, ptrticalarly
bruah with t6e law, a diec6arge ncord wlll Youagstera, from going throug6life with a
6e as condemning se a iine or prtaon crlmipal record." However, lnstead of one,
ae aere to 6ave two leg~l flctions, aeit6er
oi which would elter the crlminal chArac-
Like the Narcotic Coatrol Act amend- ter oi the oifance, avoid the creatton of
ment in 196Q, t6e enactment oi the dis- crlminalrecorde, orentitle ofienders-in-
cherge provieions was fol~owed by a cluding juvenilee - to deny having been
dramatlc increa~e in the nnmber oi convic- ure~ted, found guiltq, or eenknced for a
tiona ior ~imple poaseseion: fmm 8,888 i~ crime orhavinQ a crlminel ncord.
1871 to 22,~T21n 1973 . (According to 3tatiattcs Can~da, more
The governme~ introduced a caniubis th~e 17,000 j11VQ~l6 W81''0 Cb8lQEd WI~I1 8
bill Bill ~-19) in the Senate in November camubis ofiepce from 1869 to 1978, Stats- -
1974. That bW would have moved canaabis Can recelved an additiona14,300 police
offencea frot~,th~ Narcotic Control Act to ncords oa juvenUee "not charged" wlth a
the Food aad Drugs Act. Sfinp~e
poesesaion canntbisoffence.)
would na longer be punishable on indict- BW 5-19, the gonernment's most recent
ment, aad posseseion offendera could only .canwbie reform bill~ died in the House of
be imprieoned in default of payment of a Commona, witbout debete, ia October 1~76.
fine. Eveo though the bW ma~de lt Abundantly
The tact that a poeaeesion chuge could clear tbat oHencee in the Food and Drugs
not be trled on indlctmen~; would have Act ere crimea, the leaden6ip of the three
meant that persons chargei with poases- ma~Orp~rtlesintheHouee atW unanimous-
sion could not be ~ugerprLited under the lY eupport the tranefer of camable to the
Identificationof Crlminals Act. However, a Food aad Drugs Act as a way of "decrimi-
procedural eection at the end oi tbe DIll pm- nallslnS" the oftence of poeaeeeion.
vided that "For the purposes oNy of the OHicial coniueion over ceanabis legisla�
Identification oi Criminala act, a pereon tloo has been anate6ed by failure of faieral -
charged with or convicted ot an oftes;~e [of law~nakers to ~raep the eutent of cannabis
simple posaeasioaJ ehall be deemed to be laa enforcement. Spealdng in Tompto In
charged with or to have beea convicted of 19~7, Prlme ~iniat~r Merre Trudeau, for
ao indletable offeace." Another legal fic- exaa?ple, expreased surpriee when told
tlon; no reform. that police were arreeting young peopla for
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~
- ;~ossess~on of cannebis, saying: "(AreJ the
police hasaling you just for mere posses- Notwithstanding this enormous law en-
~ sion? Do you know of ldda around you in forcemeat effort (wluch has cost Caaadian
eny substantial number beinq busted for, taxpayers an estimated =500 million, to
juRt because they amoke a joint at oae which we are now adding E100 million eac6
point? Certainly, the rpirlt of govern- Year), cannabis is more widelq available
ment poticq - aad it hesn't been pAesed in ~odaY than at any other time ln Caaadian
law yet - is that if you have a jolnt And ~z'Y� Feder~l health of~ciels estImated _
~ over a year ego t6at at least ~OUr millloa
you n emoidng It to your priv~te pleature. Canadians had tried cannabis and at least
~v~ee
~ canful now you ehouldn't three million were coatinuin~ ~O use It -
~ including one million adolescenta (persoas
Quite a few people were being "haseled" under 18).
for mere pos~esaion of camabia in 1977.
Statiatics Canad~ recelved pollce reporta Both the Le Delv commisrion aad the
_ Senate were guided by tl~ir concern,over
of 45,227 persons (including 2,300 juvenlles) the llfelong stigma and t~e legal reetri-
who were charged with simple possession tiona of a criminal record. They wondered,
in t6at year. As of June 1978, convictions too, just where criminal exposure of thou-
were reported In 33,981 of those cases. An sanda ot young Canadiana would lead t6e
unpublished health department study of countrY in the long run.
cannebis convictloas in 1975 reported that Short of repealing the oifence, the Senate
amall amounts of t6e drug are t~pically in- stretched federallAw about as far ae it caa
volved: 67 per cent of convlctione for pos- go: a compound legal ficti~n that, fox ~ll its
seasion of marijuana involved oae ounce or technical ingenuity, would still leeve the
less; 92 per cent of convictiopa tor posse- offender wlth a criminal record end s legal
sion of 6aebiah involved oae ouace or less. obligation to admit it. But what good argu�
(Iacidentally, the eame etudy revealed that ment dces the government have left for re-
49 per cent of convictions for trafflcidng in taining the oHence of poaseasion? In view
marijuana and 78 per cent of coavictlons of the "automatic pardon" provisions of
for trafficktng ia hashish ipvolved one Bill 5-19, it would seem to have fb~feited
ounce or leas of those cannabis products, the right to argue that It is needed as a
respectively.) , deterrent. -
In all, more than 300,000 CaAadlans have If it :till wants to keep the offence, then
been charged with simple poesession of we wlll bave to look for some other ratio-
cannabls since 1968; 260,000 of those ualefortree
tlng ao many young Caaadians
cbarges have resulted in convictIoa; apd of 88 CTI~1111818. If It d0E6 iCt81G ~ OfICQCB,
those convicted, 25,000 have been sen- then the public will have to examine ite
tenced to priaon or admitted to prison in de- le~isla~t~ve propoeals very carehillq: it
fault ot payment of a fine. they are liloe thaee we have Already aeen,
they may not be what theey aeem Or wbat
tbey ~n oificlaU~? reportM to b~a. 0'
0 : 7 320
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CANADA
RCMP SERGEANT ACCUSED OF HASHISH TRAFFICKING
Montreal LA PRESSE in French 23 May 80 p A3
_ [Article by Leopold Lizotte: "The No 3 of the Drug Squad Accused of Trafficking"]
[Text] Staff Sergeant Yaul Sauve, of the RCMP, third ranking in the drug super-
squad of the federal police in Mon*_real, and one of the most highly regarded
agents among the various poli~e bodies which pursue the narcotics traffickers
both in Europe as well as in Canada and the United States, appeared himself
- in criminal court yesterday afternoon [22 May], charged with possession and
trafficking in hashish.
In all, according to information obtained even before Sauve and his companion,
Gerard Hiscock, a previous offender already sentenced on several occasions as
a forger, were brought before the court, the quantity of drugs involved in
the various transactions in which they are accused of taking part, and which
reportedly took place between 15 March and 22 May, reportedly is valued at
~ more than $1.0 million [Canadian].
The police officer, who lives in the Rue Mozart, in Layal, had been a member
of the RCMP for more than 25 years and, for that reason, could already have
retired.
A member of the drug squad for a very long time, he had been involved in the
ma~ority of the "big cases" of this police body in the course of the last 15
years. In particular he ha.d participated in the capture of the Cotroni-Dasti ,
twosome, o� the celebrated Conrad Bouchard, and of a group of French citizens,
mostly from the Marseilles region.
Hiscock lives at 444, Rue Ogilvie, in the Parc Extension quarter. He is 35
years old. Sauve is 44 years old.
Other details have evidently been uncovered regarding the affair, in the
course of yesterday afternoon [22 May], but the latter are part of the
- evidence presented to,Judge Bernard Bilodeau, in the hearing held to determine
if both of them would be freed on bail.
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And by virtue of an ordinance of non-publication obtained at the last minute,
it is prohibited for the media to report about them.
The criminal complaint presented against the two men accuses them of having
conspired to traffic in 400 pounds of hashish, of having engaged in this traffic,
and, furthermor.e, of having possession of an additional 18 pounds of this
drug, in the course of Wednesday evening [21 May], in a hideaway whicri they
had rented in the Rue Peel.
According to information obtained before they appeared in court, more than
$130,000 [Canadian] were found which could be connected to one of the other of ~
the detainees.
Regarding Hiscock only, he has also been accused of having had in his possession
a Smith and Wesson .357 Magnum revolver, which had not been registered, and a
9 mm. German Luger which had not been registered either.
To all accusations the arrested men denied their guilt, and at the suggestion
of the special prosecutor of the RCNlP in the case, Attorney Harvey Yarosky,
their preliminary hearing has been postp~ned, pro forma, until 30 May, In any
case it is possible that they will not be tried until autumn.
At the request of their attorney, Mr Raphael Schaete~, the two men were
_ released under the usual conditions, plus bail of $15,000 [CanadianJ in the
case of Sauve, and a higher bail of $25,000 [Canadian] for his companion.
It was in the normal course of its operations, it appears, that the RCMP thus
"bumped into" one of its ace investigators and arrested him after an investi-
gation which, acco.rding to the text of the indictments, reportedly lasted more
than three months.
Incidentally, it is not the f irst time that such arrests have occurred in the
RCMP anti-drug squad. About 10 years ago another ace investigator was similarly
put in prison for having resold seized narcotics. And two other young
policemen were sentenced in more or less similar circumstances a little later.
5170
CSO: 5300
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~ANADA
- YOUT~I LdORKER SAYS TEENAGERS TURNING TO HEROIN
Ottawa THE CITIZEN in English 12 May 80 p 5 .
[Article by Geoff York]
[Text]
Tcenabcrs are incrcas- costly, they're prepared`~to have decriminalized maci-
ingly turning from alcohol . look~for something else." , juana are now having sec-
and marijuana to harder Pa1t-smokers are the tar- ond thoughts, he told the
drugs such as LS D and get of the unprecedented conference.
heroin, says a youth influx of heroin expected The drug is increasingly
workcr for an 0ltawa to enter North America used by those without ma-
drug control lobby. this year, he told the one- terial problems, by "jocks
"Today, marijuana is day conference at Carleton and straights," who think
oRen scen as old hat," University. they are Eetting a risk-free
~:iid Don Smyth of Aico- He said teenagers now high, h~ said.
hol and Drug Concerns; tend to trust their dealers In the U.S., the number
Inc., adding in western and are willing to experi- of students who smoke
and southwestern Ontario, ment. A dealer may claim marijuana once a day has
LSD is almost as common he has no marijuana _left doubled in thc last three
as marijuana. and sell the youth 1he years. Smyth believes Ca-
Smyth told a conPerence pot~entially fatal drug nadian trends are thrce to
sponsored by the non-pro- "angel dust." LSD often four years behind those in
fit citizcn's organization contains impurities which the U.S.
that it takes a student no cause bad hallucinogenic He pointed to research
murc than 10 minutes to trips, Smyth said. . studies showing regular
find a dealer selling ~ny of Valium and tranquiliz- marijuana use caused 80 _
the major illegal drugs at ers are increasingly com- per cent of female labora-
most high sch~ols. mon in high schools, he tory monkeys to abort
Smyth has found young- added. And at parties, the their offspring and caused
sters now regard marijua- new fad is pass a bag of abnormalities in most of
na and alcohol as inter- amphetamines and barbi- the births which did occur.
changeable with the hard- turates for random use. The number of drug-re-
er drugs. Smyth attacked the fed. lated deaths has increased
"Often they don't care eral government, claiming 10 times in Quebec since
what the drug is. If alco- decriminalizing the posses- 1970 and research has
hol is unavailable in their sion of marijuana is the sho.wn marijuana to be a
parents' home, or is too madn health priority today. factor in 16 to 18 per cent
American states which
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of traffic accidents, he
sai~f. -
Smyth said there has
also bcen , an "incredible
resurgencc" in teenage
alcohol abuse in this pcov-
ince in the past decade.
CSO: 5320
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CANADA
BRIEFS
POLICE SEI'LE DRUGS--OPP officers seized a suitcase of narcotics worth
$15,000 to $20,000 Sunday from a car in Rockland. Charged with possession
of narcotics and codeine for the purpose of trafficking are Morris
Villeneuve, 21, and his 24-year-old brother Giles, both of 216 McArthur
Ave., Apt 3, in Vanier. Constable Gary Woodroffe said a car was stopped -
on Albert Street in Rockland around 11 p.m. The suitcase contained mari-
~uana, hashish, and "30 to 50 different kinds of controlled (prescription)
- drugs." [Text] [Ottawa THE CITIZEN in English 20 May 80 p 3]
TWO CHARGED WITH TRAFFICKING--Ztao B.C. men have been charged with dr:ig
trafficking after police seized $2.5 million worth of high grade morph:Lne
that was smuggled into the country in the soles and heels of shoes.
Avtar Singh Bal, 28, of Delta, is charged with three counts of trafficking
in morphine, one count of importing morphine and one count of conspiracy
to import morphine. Anarjit Singh Saran, 31, of Mission, is charged with
one count of trafficking in morphine. A police spokesman said RCMP have
been cooperating with authorities in India and charges have been laid '
against residents of the district of Ludhiana in the province of Punjab.
[TextJ [Vancouver THE VANCOUVER SUN in English 23 May 80 p A3]
OFFICER CHARGED IN DRUG TRAFFICKING--Montreal (CP)--Staff Sgt. Paul Sauve, -
~ the third-ranking offir_er in the RG'I~'s Montreal narcotics division, has
been arraigned on three drug charges, including trafficking in 180 kilo-
grams of hashish. Sauve, 44, pleaded not guilty to charges of trafficking,
conspiring to traffic with Gerald Hiscock, a CP Air agent arrested earlier,
and possession of eight kilograms of hash for purposes of trafficking.
Sauve, a veteran with more than 20 years service in the force, was
released on $15,000 bail. Hiscock, 37, pleaded not guilty to the same
charges as well as two others of p ossession of restricted firearms.
Sessions court judge Bernard Bilodeau set his bail at $25,000. Defence
lawyer Raphael Schachter obtained an order from the ~udge banning publica-
tion of any details revealed in court during the bail application that
were not included in the charges. The two men are to appear at a prelim-
inary hearing May 30. [Text] [Vancouver THE VANCOWER SUN in English
- 23 May 80 p A2]
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DRUG RING ARRESTS--Toronto (CP)--Sixty-aeven persons were arrested on drug
charges Thursday to help smash a$500,000 Montreal-Toroato-London, Ont.,
drug ring that distributed the contraband through Toronto International
Airport, police said. Toronto police said that after a six-month inves-
tigation with Montreal and London police, they had confiscated a variety
of drugs including speed, hashiah, mari~uana, PCP (a horse tranqui111zer)~
LSD and Demerol. A total of 167 charges of trafficking and conspiracy to
traffic in drugs were laid against people ranging in age from 20 to 40.
S.Sgt. Dave Diclc~, a drug squad officer who led the investigation, said
the drugs were transported between Toronto, Montreal and London on Air
Canada flights and in rented cars. [Text] [Windsor THE WINDSOR STAR in
English 30 May 80 p 4]
~ CSO: 5320
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,
BRAZIL -
WAR CALLED FOR ON DRUG TRAFFICKING
Rio de Janeiro 0 GLOBO in Portuguese 4 May 80 p 4
_ [Editorial: "War on Drugs"]
[Text] Jose Carlos de Souza bought a sports car on sight for 210,000
cruzeiros; in his house he had very expensive sound equipment and a tele-
vision set in every room. _
Eduardo Garrulo preferred to invest in real estate; in Ladeira dos Taba-
jaras alone there were 25 units, all purchased with the income from his
work.
These two gentlemen had the same profession: drug trafficking. They
"had," for they are now in prison. A fortune does not last long in a
dishonorable type of business. At every turn, prison or the cocked gun ~
of a rival spy upon the movements of all those who have become wealthy
from crime.
But it is not the individual safety of criminals which should concern
us but rather the alarming fact that their activity has been stepped up.
This observation comes from agents of the narcotics division: "Drug
traffic, formerly restricted to the city's outlying districts, has come
down from the hills and has spread through the city's boroughs. Con-
tacts between wholesalers and retailers--and between the latter and
their unfortunate customers--are now made on street corners and in
public squares, in nightclubs and at school gates."
Four months ago, the police took steps to obtain the collaboration of
the people: they publicized two telephone numbers (243-9406 and 223-9406)
to receive reports about the sale of drugs. The appeal was favorably
received. Since that time, an average ef 25 traff~ckers have been
arrested each month. The police confiscated 670 kg of compressed
marihuana, more than 2,000 packets and "dollars" of the grass and 607
"bags" of cocaine.
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Both these figures and the information about the fate ot the traffickers
(who are being arraigned) are indications of the extent of the social
prob.lem.
According to a specialized police official interviewed by U GLOBO, if
new and more effective methods of combating drugs are not adopted,
within 2 years the situation will be virtually uncontrollable.
Wtiat can be done? Part of the solution is linked with combating urban
violence in general. Greater police presence in the streets can serve
both to discourage assaults and inhibit the drug traffic.
~ Meanwhile, this traffic is a crime with peculiar characteristics: its
victims never seek help. On the contrary, they try to hide from the
police with as much perseverance as that of the criminals themselves.
Therefore, society's defense must take into consideration the complexity
of the question. Police action must be endowed with the resources and
imagination of the most sophisticated guerrilla warfare--the establish-
ment of networks of informers, infiltration into gangs, and the people's
support; these are the roads to su;:.cess.
Simultaneously, there is a whole range of preventive action to be taken -
in the soc'al area. According to the testimony of police officials,
drug addicts are no longer just bums and children of broken homes. They
are youths of all social levels and income categories with no apparent
reason predisposing them to use drugs.
Thus, indoctrination and, principally, education by example must be all-
encnmpa~sing, constant, reaching the majority of preadolescents and
adolescents.
The police are doing what they can, and this will be sufficient or
inadequate depending on factors which are under the control of the
ordinary citizen. It is up to that citizen, to all of us, to carry out -
the most relevant task of striving every day to see that the police have
less work--and the traffickers fewer sports cars and homes in Copacabana.
8568 ~
- CSO: 5300
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BRAZIL
JOINT POLICE OPERATION NETS MARIHUANA, HASHISH
Rio de Janeiro JORNAL DO BRASIL in Portuguese 10 May 80 p 22
[Text] A haul of 100 kg of compressed marihuana and 4 cakes of hashish
_ weighing 200 grams were confiscated in a combined action carried out by
the civil police, federal police, Federal Motorized Police, lOth BPM,
the narcotics squad and the police precinct of Resende. The drugs in
question were appraised at more than 15 million cruzeiros. -
_ Federal Motorized Police officers in Resende intercepted a Passat,
license number GU-9043, from Jundiai, Sao Paulo. There was an exchange
of gunshots in which traff icker Marcos Sandy Vale was wounded and his
accomplices, Gerson Palermo and Carlos Alberto Jacobi Viana, were later
arrested; another, named Fernando de Paula, got away.
Alert
The combined operation was carried out as a result of an alert given by -
the narcotics division of the federal police indicating that a shipment
of drugs was to be transported to Rio, intended for the south. The
- principal ob~,:ctive of the.police action is to break up the gang
operating on the axis formed by Pedro Juan Caballero (Paraguay)-Ponta
Pora-Presidente Prudente-Rio de Janeiro. Traff ickers bring drugs to
Brazil and take stolen cars to Paraguay, principally the Brasilia,
Passat and Chevette.
In addition to Fernando de Paula, the police are seeking Paraguayan
Javier Perez Valdez of Pedro Juan Caballero who, according to them, is
a supplier of marihuana and has already had preventive custody decreed
by the court in Coxim, Mato Grosso do Sul.
Others
Federal police advised that Javier Perez Valdez is a brother of traf-
ficker Henrique Valdez, arrested on 12 September 1978 together with
Elidio Nunes while they were transporting 370 kg of marihuana. Both
are confined in the Candido Mendes Penal Institute in Ilha Grande, each
sentenced by Che Pirai court to 12 years imprisonment.
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Federal agents requested preventive custody for Gerson Palermo and
Carlos Alberto Jacobi Viana, who are in prison; and of Marcos Sandy Vale,
who is confined in serious condiCion at the Resende hospital. According
to the police, he was wounded by a companion while attempting to escape.
At the federal police headquarters the traffickers revealed that the
marihuana is obtained in Paraguay at 6,000 cruzeiros per kilogram and
sold in Brazil at 20,000 cruzeiros per kilogram. The material confis-
cated, sold at retail, would net about 15 million cruzeiros.
8568
CSO: 5300
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BRAZIL
'OPERATION COFFEE' NETS DRUG TRAFFICKERS, MARIHUANA, COCAINE
Sao Paulo 0 ESTADO DE SAO PAULO in Portuguese 4 May 80 p 37
[Text] Sponsored by the IBE [Brazilian Coffee Institute] with an alloca-
tion of 80 million cruzeiros this year, "Operation Coffee" is responsible
for the general coordination of the Comaaission for the Planning and
Coordination of the Combat Against Smuggling (COPLANC), an organization
of the federal ministry, with the collaboration of state treasury depart-
ments and the participation o� the ministries of navy, air, army, industry
and commerce, and Cransportation.
Mobilization of more than 600 members of the federal police in constant
_ circulation at control stations set up at strategic points is making it
possible to verify 'the loads of all vehicles traveling through those areas.
In addition to the principal ob~ective, to prevent coffee smuggling, this
measure is resulting in the seizure of large quantities of drugs, especially
marihuana, which Paraguayan traffickers are bringing to the Brazilian
consumer market.
Officially, the federal police released only a report of the results
obtained by "Operation Coffee" in its first phase, from September to
December 1979, when they seized 25,951 sacks of processed coffee, 4,456
sacks of coconuts, 3,139 kg of comnr~?caed marih,+ana, 7 kg of cocaine,
1,392 cases of whisky, 90 vehicles, 4 planes and 4,153 radios and other
sound equipment.
All that m~rchandise was appraised at the time at 285,168,800 cruzeiros.
In addition, during the same period control measures were put into effect
in connection with the ICM [tax on the movement of inerchandise] and the
incane tax, and these culminated in pouring more than 100 million
cruzeiros into the public coffers. During those months 23 million
cruzeiros were spent on "Operation Coffee."
This year, despite a reduction in the amount of inerchandise confiscated--
something interpreted as positive and indicative of a genuine withdrawal
_ by smugglers--there are still reports of stopping trucks transporting
coffee in various parts of Sao Paulo, Parana, Minas Gerais and Mato Grosso
do Sul. Even in the Jundiai area a tank car was di~scovered carrying
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coffee instead of fuel, while, in the Presidente Epitacio area, another
truck tried to evade the police blockade by hiding the product under a
load of fruit.
More common has been the arrest of drug traffickers who are discov2red
nearly every day transporting marihuana in particular to supply the
consumer markets of Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. In Londrina the
federal police seized almost a ton of the grass, hidden under the false
bottom of a pickup truck.
At the control point set up in Porto XV de Novembro, near the Parana
River, in the municipality of Bataguassu (MS), through which thousands
of vehicles pass daily, it is common to discover marihuana in private
automobiles. Because of the strong odor of the grass, the trafficker
tries to disguise it with garlic, and this increases the suspicions of
the police.
Federal Deputy Renato Surette, working in that area, explains that every
means is tried to get through the blockade and that this requires greater
attentiveness by the agents and people engaged to search the vehicles.
Last week trafficker pormevil de Melo, 50 years of age, residing in _
Sao Paulo, tried to get by that check point with 10 kg of marihuana
hidden under the inside lining of a Brasilia. He admitted having
obtained the product in Pedro Juan Caballero at a price of 800 cruzeiros
per kilogram and hoping to sell it in Sao Paulo for 10,000 cruzeiros.
The high prices obtained on the Brazilian drug market is also due to the
suppression of narcotics which is going on and which has appreciably
reduced the availability of those substances to addicts. Even cocaine,
coming from Bolivia, is being suppressed by the precinct of the federal
police of Tres Lagoas.
Motorists, the Defendants
The public jail of Bataguassu (MS) is holding 16 drug traffickers who
tried to smuggle marihuana past the "Operation Coffee" station in
Porto XV de Novembro. Ten others accused, principally coffee smugglers,
were transferred to Campo Grande, Anaurilandia or even released. Four
succeeded in escaping with only one being recaptured.
To date, as a direct result of the combined operation sponsored by the
IBC, hundreds of police investigations have been carried out in which
the accused generally appear to be the drivers of trucks used for the
illegal transportation or smuggling of drugs. This might be the biggest
weakness of "Operation Coffee" up to now, since, at least officially, it
is far from obtaining proof against the principal hea3s of the gangs
headquartered along the frontier.
25
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Only in Parana was the federal police able to catch Manoel Riato, the
state's chief smuggler, redhanded while trying to transport a load of
cc~ffee. The Londrina police considered this event highly important,
since suspicions had been directed toward Riato for some time as
the most powerful chief of illegal operations in that area.
In Mato Grosso do Sul the principal smuggling center continues to be
Ponta Pora where, in addition to a federal police precinct, there is an
army barracks. Meanwhile, no one seems inclined to take radical posi- _
tions, fearful of the reprisals which habitually occur and which have -
already resulted in a number of deaths even among state revenue inspectors.
In that area it is common for people to be found dead with padlocks in
- their mouths.
There is no specific center for a concentration of smugglers in Sao Paulo;
but the city which rouses most p~lice attention is Presidente Prudente,
because it is located in a stra*.egic position with access to Parana and
Mato Grosso do Sul. So much so that there are plans to establish a
federal police precinct in that city, thus alleviating the work which is
now handled by Bauru, a city which maintains 338 municipalities of ~restern
Sao Paulo under its jurisdiction.
The municipal police authorities themselves admit that in a year's time
11,000 sacks of coffee were seized in that area and that the rate of truck
thefts increased, probably intended for smuggling. It is known that some
sectors of society, even doctors, are hiring private investigators to -
train simultaneous patrol groups in Presidente Prudente.
Stocks
The reduction in the amount of smuggled coffee is also being attributed
to a current shortage of the product in stock, even in principal producing
areas. In addition, with the suppression now under way, the normal
suppliers of smuggling gangs are allegedly fearful of continuing to
operate illegally; for this reason, smugglers are not succeeding in
obtaining the quantities necessary to fulfill their commitments.
This situation has reached the point where gangs are attacking trucks and
~ farms, particularly in Parana and Sao Paulo. In the Londrina area the
number of attacks on trucks is so high that transportation firms are
demanding special guarantees, even thinking about arranging police
escorts to reduce the risks.
In the Bauru area the municipality of Itapui recently experienced a
moment of apprehension when more than 20 persons succeeded in stealing
and carting off in five wagons a total of 2,100 sacks of processed
coffee which were stored at the Olhas d'agua plantation, owned by
Joaquim Alvaro Pereira Leite. The maneuver was not successful, as a
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watchman alerted the police who arrested 18 of those involved, 5 with
previous criminal records.
_ Interrogated by DOPS [Department of Political and Social Order] in
San Paulo, they confessed that the coffee was to be smuggled to Paraguay,
since it was known that deputy Alvaro de Lucca was currently carrying on
investigations in the municipalities of Tres Lagoas, Corumba, Presidente
Prudente, Londrina and Maringa, where there are probably other branches
of the gang.
At the same time, it came to light that this was the second theft made
against the property of Joaquim Alvaro Pereira Leite, who, in February,
had already lost 1,100 sacks of the product and had preferred not to take
the case to the police. That coffee grower, residing in Garca, is con-
sidered one of Sao Paulo's principal planters, having at the time of the
1975 freeze a total of 300,000 sacks of coffee in stock.
However, there is a possibility of an increase in illegal operations
involving coffee, and this might occur with the next crop scheduled to
begin in June. Even admitting that the crop will be reduced, it is
believed that among the traditional suppliers of gangs, negotiations will
be stepped up, as it would otherwise be difficult to meet the Paraguayan
commitments.
Round-the-Clock Fight Against Corruption
The administrative process, ini.tiated by Col Moacir Coelho, director
general of the federal police, to handle complaints of corruption
involving agents and deputies of that organization in the development
of "Operation Coffee," was recently terminated in Campo Grande and handed
over to Brasilia. There is no information in this regard, but it is
kYiown that for more than 2 weeks Deputy Roberto Eelipe de Arau~o Porto,
director of the DPF [Federal Police Department], remained in Campo Grande
listening to accused police and witnesses, although he himself was one
of the suspects involved.
It was precisely to prevent the police fro~n being bribed by the smugglers
that the DPF adopted, during "Operation Coffee," a round-the-clock system _
of constant surveillance by agents and deputies entrusted with this task.
The teams are transferred every 15 days in a reshuffling aimed at pre-
venting prolonged contact and the establishment of bonds of fr~:endship
even with area residents.
According to a deputy, no team has been at the same control post twice
up to now and, since there are mor~ than 600 police agents working in
the operation, it is likely that this situation will prevail for some
time.
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This is also true because it is common far smugglers to offer economic
favors to federal agents when first arrested. Financial offers vary in
accordance with the amount of goods smuggled and can reach many millions
of cruzeiros; this happened with an inspector of the Federal Motorized
Police of Mato Grosso do Sul who resisted an offer of 5 million cruzeiros
to release 10 people he had arrested at ~he end of last year.
8568
CSO: 5300
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BRAZIL
GOLD SMUGGLING IN MATO GROSSO INVOLVES COCAINE TRADE, VIOLENCE
Sao Paulo FOLHA DE SAO PAULO in Portuguese 4 May 80 p 9
[Text] Cuiaba--Members of parliament, religious and civilian groups,
judges and business people of Mato Grosso are complaining in Cuiaba that
gold panned in the northern part of the state is being traded for cocaine ~
on the Bolivian border and are further warning about the atmosphere of
social unrest prevalent in the area and stemming from violence against
prospectors supported by the police.
"The gold which is being smuggled from the mining claims of northern Mato
Grosso," says District Attorne~? Hermann Pimenta of the Third Criminal
Court of Cuiaba, "would be sufficient to pay 20 percent of Brazil's
foreign debt." The Pastoral Land Committee reports that "about 400
prospectors have been murdered in the last 5 years in the mining areas
of the northern part of the state."
_ According to a r~port also made by District Attorney Hermann Pimenta, -
who has handled many trials of police brutality and violence against
prospectors, "the situation is getting worse every day with the presence
of smugglers who are sending an inestimable amount of gold outside the
country." This report has even reached the Secretariat of Public
Security, according to a high source in state government; he explained
that planes coming from Bolivia with a shipment of cocaine are allegedly
landing in the vicinity of Paranaita where the exchange is made for gold,
which is also purchased in dollars. According to the same source, .
although the Secretariat of Public Security has arranged "greater
vigilance in the area," smuggling and drug trafficking "are still con-
tinuing without reprisals from on high, not only due to lack of trans-
portation facilities but also because the police themselves are dis-
- interested, being further accused of brutalities against prospectors."
8568
CSO: 5300
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DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
, DISTRICT ATTORNEY CONTENDS NO MARKET FOR MARIHUANA, COCAINE
Santo Domingo EL NACIONAI, in Spanish 19 Apr 80 p 20
[Report on int erview with Dr Julio Ibarra Rios, district attorney, by
Angel Valenzuela; date and place not given]
[Text] The di strict attorney denied today that in this country there exists
a market for marihuana and cocaine, as an executive of Casa Abierta claimed.
Dr Julio Ibarra Rios was interviewed by the journalists covering the police
source concerning the accusation by attorney Salvador Estepan, the execu-
tive director of Casa Abierta.
- Estepan had stated in a rep~ort sent to Dr Bienv~enido Mej ia y Mej ia, the
attorney general of the republic, that the appropr~ate authorities must
intervene so that the Dominican Republic does not become a warehouse for
ma~or drug traffickers.
Ibarra Rios said that at the present time there is in this country an
extraordinary amount of unemployment and that statistical data show that ~
drug use is closely linked to the urban economy.
He added that it is also well known that drug users are found in the upper
class "and in our country that class is in the minority."
He pointed out that the drug user is a per~on who needs treatment in order
to be cured of this disease, "but the drug trafficker benefits from
vice."
He said that the police and the courts are working together to eradicate
drug trafficking and drug use.
He pointed out that the police usually bring to trial drugstore owners
who sell drugs used by drug addicts.
Yesterday, at a press conference, attorney Estepan requested that President
of the Republic Antoni.o Guzman order the creation of a new National
Commission on drugs and that its functions includ~ a meticulous study of
� 30
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law No 168, on this subject, so that we can begin to bring about a
substantial modification which would establish more drastic sanctions
against the illegal drug traffickers in this country.
The executive director of Casa Abierta emphasized that the existing
sanctions "are not drastic enough to serve as a lesson to those who engage
in thi.s serious crime."
8956
CSO: 5300
;
~
~ ,
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ECUADOR
GUAYAQUIL COCAINE, MARIHUANA RING BROKEN UP
Quito EL COMERCIO in Spanish 5 May 80 p C-20
[Text] Guayaquil, 4 May (AEP)--A group of Guayas Interpol agents, who
in�iltrated an organization of drug traff ickers and addicts have finally
succeeded after meticulous and patient effort in breaking up the gang and
capturing si~ of its members.
The group of gangsters was commanded by a woman, Laura Crespo Astudillo.
She was captured together with her accomplices Guillermo Acosta Palma,
Cesar Capota Bastidas, Colon Veintimilla Cabrera, Ramon Torres Taala and
Maria Meneses. They were taken to the cells of the Model Prison of the
National Police.
Interpol agents had been aware that mafiosi in the area of Decima Primera'
and Sucre Streets had an or~;anization in operation which was busy preparing
- cocaine base which were already in one-gram and sometimes larger envelopes. -
They also made marihuana into cigarettes and bundles, and when the "clients" -
_ requested it they prepared "hayacas" of base.
It Took 3 Months of Buying
One day the agents came to the abovementioned group, passing themselves off
as marihuana smokers, and after 3 months of steady buying and apparent
using, they managed to strike up a friendship with the dealers. They
succeeded in discovering that the leader of the group was a woman, Laura
Crespo, whom with the help of extra personnel, they arrested along with
the "members" of the illegal but profitable business. Five "hayacas," whic'~
se],1 for 300 sucres each, were found in the possession of the mafiosi, but
they maintained that they were for their own consumption. There were also
140 envelopes of cocaine base. They declared that they obtained the
narcotics on the Peruvian frontier, and that they were bringing them to
Guayaquil in order to sell them among their friends at a good price.
Together with the adult traffickers, some j uveniles were put under prevent.ive
arrest. They were put at the disposal of the Juvenile Court of Guayas. Ct
was declared that they were used only for delivery services.
8131
CSO: 5300 32
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ECUADOR
BRIEFS
COCAINE TRAFFICKERS CAUGHT--Cuenca, 29 Apr (Ecuaradio}--Six drug traffickers
were arrested by Interpol as they fieaded for the nurthern frontier trans-
porting 26 kilograms of cocaine paste, with an estimated value of 3 million
sucres. The drug traffickers were arrested on the,south Panamerican high-
_ way in the e.3rly hours of Saturday morning in an operation led by Lt Raul
Torres, head ni the Azuay Interpol. They were transporting the suUstance
in two vans, and were headed for the city of Quito, from where they were to
have gone to Colombia and delivered it to Miguel Espinoza, a Colombian
drug trafficer. The six arrested men, all from Loja, are " Leorgio Marino
Castillo, Rigoberto Marino Carrion, Juan Talacio Conde, Homero Vidio Marino,
Juan Evangelista Conde and Salvador Patricio Pullas. They confessed that
they had purchased the drug in Peru for delivery to the Colombian frontier.
The Third Criminal Judge initiated the appropriate prosecution proceedings
for trafficking in drugs. "The 26 kilograms of cocaine will be incinerated
when the 3udge so orders," the Provincial Head of Interpol declared. [Text]
[Quito E1 COMERCIO in Spanish 30 Apr 80 p A-20] 8131
CSO: 5300
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EGYPT
NARCOTICS SITUATION IN EGYPT DISCUSSED
Cairo AL-AKHBAR in Arabic 22 Apr 80 p 5
[Article by Ahmad Muhammad 'Auf: "Narcotics Are No Longer Just Hashish
and Opium."]
[Text] If the world has put an end to slavery in its
various guises, it has now to face a new slavery, slavery
to narcotics from which addicts cannot escape bondage,
except by a miracle!
The conference to combat narcotics was recently held and has concluded;
we were not informed about it. One of its most important resolutions was
to recommend creation of a"higher council to combat narcotics." The
Shaykh of al-Azhar issued a statement on behalf of al-Azhar about its
dealing with the problem of addiction, both in theory and in practice,
with a warning against the bad effecCs of narcotics. It was also decided
to establish a department in al-Husayn University hospital to treat addic-
tion cases, after the advisory conference which al-Azhar recently held
in Luxor.
As a result of scientific progress, narcotics are no longer only hashish
and opivm, but also include narcotic substances from drugs, the use of which
has spread to such a degree that one world-wide company manufactures car-
bonated water from "coca" material which has cocaine in it and which re-
duces feelingG of tiredness and, in turn, sCimulates. G'hildren and elderly
persons have begun to drink it, many of whom unknowingly become addicted.
.These drugs have more of an impact than traditional narcotics, to such a
degree that drug companies have begun to look at the production of these
narcotic substances, in tranquilizer or narcotic form, as a main source
of profit.
Even our E~y~tian companies have tripled production of these drugs during ~
the past ~en years.
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In England, narcotic and tra~iquilizing drugs comprise 80 percent of the
total drugs ingested by the English people, despite stiff ineasures there
against issuance of the drugs. We learned that Egypt exceeded its inter-
national quota of codeine, which ia 100 kgs annually. At the same time,
we found that one of our pharmaceutical companies manufactured 136 kgs of
narcotic tablets. When distributed, the price of a tablet increased ten-
fold. At the same time in which Egypt banned Ritalin and Duridan, in con- _
f~rmity with the international agreement which we signed in Switzerland
in 1970, we find that Sudan is absolutely f ree to circulate it, where it
is easy to smuggle it into the country.
A Primitive Method
The problem oi narcotics, whether in our society or foreign societies,
has become a glaring international problem to the degree that some coun-
tries confront it with boldness and wisdom as their strategic gcal.
However, here in Egypt we confront the problem basically with intensive .
police campaigns to s eize the narcotics and to prepare legal cases of
possession of narcotics against the accused. .
This method is primitive~, compared to world research in dealing with the
problem (narcoticism), ~specially since narcotics can be bought in our
student societies and _~m~~ng facCory workers and the youth. Therefore, we
must seriously study the problem in Che field and gather accurate, ex-
planatory statistics about i~ and about addic~s and their population
density.
In order to confront the narcotics problem in Egypt, we must follow con-
temporary world principles, which basically rely on a scientific and
more realistic view of the forms of narcotics, instead of the formalism
which we sti11 pursue in confronting the problem, which has in fact become
a gra~~e matter, particularly after normalization of relations between us
- and Is:ael.
These principles are:
First. Any drug found with anyone coming into ou~ airports, of unknown
nature af written upon in Arabic or a language of Far Eastern countries,
is to be confiscated in our airports or ports. A number of European coun-
tries have this problem, when travelers arrive with scientifically unknown
drugs, the use of which was written in Asian national languages, from which
addiction or poisoning can result. The World Health Organization has
issued international warnings with respsct to these drugs.
This also brings us to the request to create departments of psychological
pharmacology in every pharmacological college in our country. This depart-
ment has been established in every pharmacological college abroad t~ accom-
pany world research into drugs of the nervous system and narcotics. The
most famous is the British InstituCe for Narcotics Research. It i:~ cur-
rently studying the effects of hashish on hereditary factars in man.
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Study of Psychological and Health Effects
Second. The ministry of education should draw up an educational program
about narcotics, to be studied in our schools and universities, with the ~
object, from a scientific viewpoint, of advising abouC their damaging
aspects, but wi~hout frightening. Moreover, the media must enlighten
narcotic addicts to the fact that they are escaping from the realiCy of
their lives into an imaginary paradise which these narcotics weava around
them. It must also present this problem avoiding dramatic methods, be-
cause thoughtleasness in presenting it through the media might generate
a reverse effect and blow it out of proportion. Sweden has been following
this cultuial direction since 1928. It has studied the psychological and
health effects of narcotics in a concerted scientific way in its compulsory
schools. Instructors were given apecial training for this.
Third. Youth broadcasts are one of the media ties we have with youth.
They must enthusiastically tackle the problem of narcotics through experts
L in this field. Fortunately, it is not presently dealing with this subject
in its programming, since it is not yet qualified to present the subject
of narcotics.
Therefore, we should implore those responsible for radio and television
to come up with a learned pZan to combat narcotics through educational
experiments, which other nations having considerable experience in this
field, t~ave done before us. There should also be close examination of
world institutions that have vast expertise and huge media capabilities
with respect to this sub~ect.
A Game of Chess
Fourth. Clinics must be opened to treat those addicted to narcotics and
alcohol. These clinics should be widespread in the country and should be
unrestricted. Ttiis should be included in organized, extensive national
campaigns, not as a threat, but to awaken interest in order to escape
from this nightmare.
Finally, an obscure chess game of crime and punishment is currently being
played in the world between the police and the drug merchants. Involved
are diverse sources of narcotics, along with diverse types, ways of
smuggling, and areas of use. Th3s occurs even in horse racing, where
horses are in~ected w:ith a drug to overcome its sensitivity to hunger and
fatigue and to stimulate its nerves during the race. Drugs also entered
into the Olympics, where competitors are given them to overcome fear and
fatigue, along with stimulating the3.r nerves in order to achieve new Olympic
records.
~ 7005
CSO: 5300
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EGYPT
EGYPTIAN-EUROPEAN COOPERATION REVEALED IN DRUG ARREST
Cairo AL-AHRAM in Arabic 25 Apr 80 p 8
[Article by Husayn Ghanim: "Egyptian Security Authorities Help to Uncover
- International Ring, Smuggling Narcotics to Germany and Holland."]
- [T~xtj For the first time, the Egyptian aecurity organization took part
through international cooperation in large-scale operations against the
smuggling of huge shipments of narcotics from Lebanon to West Germany and
Holland. It uncovered a line on one of the international smuggling rings
abroad, and then participated, with security organizations from West
Germany and Holland, in seizing a11 the ring members along with large ship-
- ments of hashish, hidden inside secret places in a number of suitcases at
Frankfurt airport, West Germany, and Amsterdam airport in Holland.
The first step in uncovering this international ring was infarmation re-
ceived 2 months ago by the Egyptian Bureau to Combat Narcotics Smuggling
regarding some international gangs that were very active in smuggling ship-
ments of narcotics from Lebanon to West Germany and Holland. The ring
included certain Lebanese and Dutchmen who had been trained in methods
of smuggling, concealment and disguise, and who were supplied with forged
passports bearing fictitious names. The information, received by Major
General Sami As'ad, director of the anti-narcotics smuggling bureau, fram
an impor.tant source in Lebanon, added that members of the ring had suc-
ceeded in smuggling shipments of drugs into certain Western countries, -
_ inside secret hiding places in suitcases, when they flew to West Germany.
After that, they transited to Amaterdam, where a representative from the
same ring waited to facilitate the conspiracy.
Extensive investigations, supervised by Co1 Muhammad 'Abbas Mansur, director
- of operations in the narcotics bureau, and Col Sayid Ghayth, chief of =
foreign activity, confirmed that the gang had in fact been able to smuggle
large shipments of narcotics to a number of European countries without
any member of the gang being arrested, becmuse of their resorting to
deception and their being sided by some persons in several of the foreign
airlines. One of the leaders of this ring is Fauzi al-Tabushi, who is
' Lebanese and carries an Australian passport. He prepared a large shipment
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- of drugs, concealing them in secret hiding places inside two suitcases,
readied for shipment from Lebanon to Amsterdam, transiting Frankfurt.
Maj Gen Sami As'ad, director of the narcotics bureau, drew up a precise
- plan, along with Ma~ Gen Mamduh Salim Zaki, the bureau's deputy, in which
_ it was agreed to send one of the anti-narcotics officers to Lebanon to fol-
low up the movements of the gang leader, Fauzi al-Tabushi, and also to
- uncover the rest of the smugglers. During telephone contacts, the date
of the gang leader's trip was determined. He was to fly to Frankfurt,
West Germany, and there, he would transfer to another Lufthanza aircraft
for a flight to Amsterdam. This information was submitted to Maj Gen
Mustafa Rif'at, assistant minister for social security, who immediately
informed the West German and Dutch security organizations to :nake arrange-
ments to arrest the ring leader. At the Frankfurt airport, a meeting was
, held, attended by representatives of the Egyptian, German and Dutch anti-
narcotics organizations, during which plans were made to arrest the ring
leader. He was ar_rested immediately upon arrival and, along with him, two '
suitcases were seized, in which hashish was found in secret recesses.
The following day, the rest of the ring members fe11 into custody of the
Dutch security authorities when they arrived at Amsterdam airport. They
were carrying suitcases loaded wi�th large amounts of hashish.
7005
CSO: 5300
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~ MOZAI~IQUE
WRONG IDEOLOGY BEHIND DRUG CONSUA'tPTION CITED
Maputo NOTICIAS in Portuguese No 498, 27 Apr 80 pp 17-21
[Article by Areosa Pena and Haroon Pate~.)
[Excerpts] "Anyone who imports or exports, cultivates,
administers, harbors, transports, buys, sells, delivers
or consumes drugs will be sub~ect to penal sanctions." ~
(From the Drug Law)
It was a hot, moonless night. A group of silhouettes was reflected on the
wall above the Maxaquene barricade, at the edge of the garden in front of
the Josina Machel High School. An incandescent coal, which glowed more brightly
at times, was moving from hand to hand.
The young people were "turning on," that is, they were smoking marihuana.
The scientific name of the plant, which, cut and rolled in common paper, is ~
what they were smoking and getting "high" on, is the shrub "Cannabis sativa
L.," an insignificant and harmless looking plant from 60 to 80 cm tall.
From this plant, however, come a series of psychotropic and toxic substances.
, Growing wild in temperate and subtropical regions, it has hundreds of names,
almost as many names as there are languages spoken in the world.
After they are dried, the outer or terminal leaves of small branches and the
blossoms--where the narcotic substances are concentrated--are crushed and
pressed to make marihuana, which is used by addicts like tobacco. T'he smoke
has an acrid odor which is noticeable several meters away.
If only the blossoms are used, it is called "ganja." If the product is a
completely resinous extract from the blossoms, it is called "hashish."
"Sumbulana" .
As far as the authorities know, according to interviews we conducted in depart-
ments of the Interior and Health Ministries, "Cannabis sativa" is the product
- most widely used by addicts in Mozambique.
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It is nothing new for young people to smoke marihuana in Mozambique. It
has been used here for at least 30 years, with periods of lesser or greater
demand .
In mid-1953, groups of the "best" children, children of families of the so-
czlled "high society," introduced ma~ihuana in their set.
The price of the dried product, packaged in waxed tins, cost exactly 50 -
escudos then. The price has been the same for 30 years. We note that at that
time among the local users no one talked about "suruma" or "passa," as it is
commonly called now, but about "sumbulana."
At that time the group was limited to a very few students in the last years of.
high school and to homosexuals. There were no more than 50 ?~~bitual users in
the entire city.
Today, the name "~,umbulana" has fallen into disuse.
For the past few ye,qrs, the fashionable term has been "passa," and most
recently, "mbangue,'' the name given the plant in the Changane dialect.
Peak of Consumption -
The period of highest drug consumption in Mozambique--and it was not confined
to marihuana, as we shall see later--was between 1970 and 1976.
During that period, the children of the colonial bourgeoisie were the exclusive,
and biggest drug users.
'i'hey used anything as a drug, including coca-co18 mixed with any pills that
would produce a hallucinogenic effect.
In addition to stealing from pharmacies and laboratories, and taking more or
less harmless medicines which their parents kept in the house for headaches
and such ailments, they falsified prescriptions to obtain drugs from pharmacies.
1981: Year of Strong Measures
We should explain here that drug consumption apparently dropped sharply after
national independence. :
Owing to various factors that mobilized the police forces in other areas,
there was not much action to control drugs.
Meanwhile, there was an alarming resurgence during 1978.
Drug consumption increased, especially among the children of the new native
- petite bourgeoisie, who inherited the habit from the children of the colo-
nialists who had fled the country.
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There were new pharmacy robberies, falsification of prescriptions, drug traffic
across the border and by mail (a 1.Etter was seized containing some LSD tablets),
and more groups of pot smokers around secondary schools.
The problem was studied, and steps were taken--the most drastic steps taken
on drugs in Mozambique up to that time: marihuana dealers were arrested,
consumers were sent to reeducation camps, and there was stricter control of
prescriptions.
Various agencies were alerted to the problem, and each one, in its own area
of competence, took part in combating drugs.
Most Recent Years
Prompt and vigorous police action in 1978 led to the near disappearance of
drug abuse.
Now in 1980, it is known that there are groups of marihuana users, but on a
greatly reduced scale.
They are still buying a"banana" of "suruma" from the peasants for 50 escudos
(occasionally 100 escudos). The "Cobra" waxed tin has disappeared, replaced
by a palm leaf in which certain portions of the "Cannabis" are placed, after
which it is rolled up and the ends are bound, giving it the shape of a banana.
Students smoke the marihuana in vacant lots, in dark areas after night classes,
but discreetly, so as not to attract attention.
The exact number of smokers is unknown, because there are those who only "turn
_ on" at parties in private homes.
Among Peasants
In some areas of Mozambique, we often see symptoms [typical of marihuana users]
among the peasants.
When we had won their confidence, the peasants--who do not smoke in groups--
told us that they smoked marihuana to "give them more energy;'because marihuana
acts as a tranquillizer and stimulant, and gives them more energy to do hard
work. Afterwards, they are even more exhausted.
Others told us they used marihuana "to get rid of stomach aches." The same
thing happens in poor areas of India and among the natives in South and
Central America.
Given the slightest sense of justice, and knowing that the law of custom
(unwritten law) does not concern itself with marihuana smoking, we cannot see
these peasants, who lead a harsh life of toil, sometimes going hungry from
dawn to dusk, in the same light as the addicts in the cities, who use marihuana
for ~ntertainment and to show they are adults--adults who have to get u~ the
nerve to have a good time with drugs. -
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The basic concern is that the use of marihuana is usually accompanied by the
adoption of poor behavior patterns. The youth smokes marihuana because he
totally accepts a mental and cultural picture of youth presented in capitalist
propaganda as free, uninhibited and unpre~udiced.
Hence, the fight against drugs among young people must be eminently cultural
_ and ideological. Obviously, those who sell and encourage the use of drugs
must be punished, but above all, we must combat the bourgeois mentality that
- leads young people to behave, dress and speak in a way that alienates them.
Proper use of leisure time plays a basic role in the struggle against drugs.
Socialist education is not limited to school hours, but is concerned with the
totality of young lives. All sociEty teaches, like a continuing school.
We have taken mujor steps in combating the alienation of youth, but it is
necessary to close ranks. If the young people are our hope for a better
future, we must isolate the small groups of alienated youth, especially in
urban centers. In the massive promotion of cultural, sports and recreational
activities lies the secret of victory in this battle.
6362
~ CSO: 5300
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BELGIUM
BELGIAN INVESTIGATORS PURSUE FRANCOI,S CASE TN PAKISTAN
Brussels LE SOIR in French 10 May 80 p 4
[Article by Hq.: "The Francois Case (National Bureau of Drugs): A
Rogatory Cammission Investigates in Pakistan"]
[Text] The investigation begun by Mr de B~�seau of
Hauteville concerning the activities of inembers of
the gendarmerie's National Narcotics Bureau (BND), ~
run by Captain Francois, and concerning the acti- '
vities of agents from the Criminal Information
Administration (BIC), has been in progress for
the past 4 months.
Investigations were made abroad (in the Nether-
lands, Great Britain, the United States, France,
and recently in the Federal Republic of Germany).
On Thursday, a rogatory commission, consisting
of an officer and a non-commissioned officer
of the gendarmerie, left for Pakistan. The
investigators might also continue their trip
to Bangkok.
In Brussels, the interrogations and confrontations between witnesses and
those indicted took place mainly in the offices of the gendarmerie, on
Louvain Street. One also remembers that a re-enactment took place at
the Brussels National Airport in the presence of customs officials.
The five persons arrested in January (Captain Francois and two of his non-
commissioned officers, as well as two BIC agents) were set free, some by
the court of arraignment, others by the council chamber, but they remain
charged mainly for drug trafficking. However, some of them are also
charged with destroying documents and with forgery and the use of forgery.
In circles close to the BND and the BIC, people are surprised by the fact
that the accused are s till under suspicion when, they say, other police
departments, such as the gendarmerie's "narcotics" division of the BSR
[expansion unknowr~J and the Criminal Investigation Department, used the
same methods as the BND. They also point out that it is clearly irregular
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for a non-commissioned officer of the gendarmerie, who personally inter-
vened in a matter involving Bruno Farcy*/ (whose name is also in the
- examining magistrate's file) should be in charge of questioning the
accused.
Many rumors are still being spread. They are favorable or unfavorable to
the accused, depending on the source, but all sufficiently indicate, and
that is nothing new, that r_he rivalries between different police depart-
ments in charge of narcotics problems are far from over.
The Rogatory Co~nissions
The silence surrounding the preliminary examination leads one to believe
that the results of the various investigations are unclear: the statements
themselves made by a BND informer in the Netherlands or by the drug dealer
Kahn in Great Britain can only be questionablP. As for the information.
agents of the American /Drug Enforcement Administrafion/ ;[in italics] were
willing to give Belgian investigators, it is generally not the subject of
statements in ordinary exam3nations in that they come from people protected
by diplomatic imarunity. ~
Part of the invesCigation is aimed at people who have vanished into thin
air: One is Bruno Farcy, who escaped from Scheveningen prison in December,
another one is Jean Touboul, gone with millions belonging to the gendar-
merie and the BIC. Both are being sought.
Yet in the undeYworld of Brussels, someone said he recently saw Farcy,
but later police searches did not have any positive results. It is also
said that the swindler Jean Toub~ul was sugposedly in contact with people
close to the investigation, and that he said he did not have the tnillions
lost by the gendarmerie and the BIC.
A Message This Friday
The spokesman for the public prosecutor's office in Brussels miist sum up '
the Francois case this Friday. Judicial circles estimate that at the pre-
sent stage of the investigation a withdrawal cannot be considered anymore.
Either the case is sent back to the police court or the investigation will
go on indefinitely.
Finally, let us note that the non-commissi-~zed officer, F. Raes, who ori- ~
ginated the BND report and who h~s had problems with his supervisors in
the gec~c~a~�~Ae~ie since the beginning of the year, said that he was thinking
of resigning.
Bruno Farcy suggested that one of his couriers go to Bangkok and re-
turn to Brussels with heroin for the gendarmerie. Later, Farcy was ar-
resterl 3n ch~ i~ethe~lands for drug dealing. He escaped in 1979.
9465
CSO : 5300 44 '
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FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY
OFFICIAL DISCUSSES DRUG PROBLEM, COMPULSORY THERAPY
Hamburg DER SPIEGEL in German 26 May 80 pp 50-63
[Interview with Baden-Wuerttemberg Justice Minister Heinz Eyrich, CDU, by
Norbert F. Poetzl and Hans Wolfgang Sternsdorff of DER SPIEGEL about com-
pulsory therapy and drugs during imprisonment: "'We Have To Grasp at
Any S traw J
[Text] SPIEGEL: Mr Minister, you want to imprison drug addicts in a
prototype institution, seal them off hermetically against anyone and any-
thing and force them to undergo therapy. That has not worked anywhere in
the world. Is something that has misfired consistently for tens of years
in New York, Soho or Tokyo, supposed to become a big hit in Schwaebisch
Hall of all places?
Eyrich: We want to attempt a prototype, nothing more. We know that there
have been attempts throughout the world and that they have failed. I am
not saying that here comes the clever Swabian who will do everything dif-
ferently. As far as drug offenders are concerned, we are facing the
question: Shall we keep them under lock and key, shall we do something,
or srall we do nothing? We want to exercise ~onstraint only insofar as
we will pay no attention as to whether someone wants to or does not want
to go to the annex of Schwaebisch Hall Prison in Crailsheim. But there
everything is to be done to steer the people onto th~ right path.
SPIEGEL: Is the drug misery to be put in barracks? Are people to be
locked up because that is surely the most convenient way, because the
fixer's m~.sery Chen remains hidden to a large extent, and what society
does not know is not apt to upset it as a rule?
Eyrich: We are not doing any shutting off in barracks; nor do we want
to conceal the drug problem. Rather we want to separate imprisoned drug
addicts from other prisoners. We must at long last get a handle on the
increasingly worrisome problem of more and more drugs entering institu-
_ tions everywhere in the prison system.
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SPIEGEI,: Your prototype is a penitentiary right off in that wish for
therapy is to be imposed on the drug addict. Does this not reveal a help-
lessness on the part of the state in the face of increasing problems whose
true causes one cannot cope with and which one is trying to cure by merely
treating the symptoms?
F.yrich: We are not in a position at Crailsberg either to solve all the
problems that society has failed to solve. Who would dispute that? On
the one hand, we are being reproached by people saying: "What in fact
have you accomplished with the imprisoned drug addicts when you release
them from prison after a time? Actually nothing at all." So we are now
trying something new. .
SPIBGEL: Even within your Land government there is opposition against
your project.
Eyrich: I have not heard anything from other departments...
SPIEGEL: ...or received any statements of approval...
Eyrich: ...because the matter has not yet been discussed in a government
meeting. But, given the necessary skepticism of all of us, I know that
the minister president regards this as a trial we must venture. I myself
assume that we will also witness tailures, but in light of this misery
I haye no choice but to venture this trial now.
5PIEGEL: Why did you not first at least ask the advice of the g~vernment _
people responsible for matters of drugs in your Land? Does the minister
, know everything better?
Eyrich: No, the minister is not any more knowledgeable than the rest.
I know their attitudes, but I am also familiar with the arguments between
their various schools of thoughC. They are not responsible for matters
of drugs as far as imp risonment is concerned. I talked with our medical
adviser and also with some psychotherapists, and though I felt there was
a certain skepticism, I nevertheless also experienced encouragement. !
SPIEGEL: Your party friend Carl-Ludwig Wagner, minister of justice in
Rhineland-Palatinate, has no regard at all for your prototype. He wants
to accommodate and treat drug addicts together with other convicts, not
in an isolated group from the same subculture.
~ Eyrich: Okay; that is his view. I am of a different opinion. That sort
of thing will also happen among party friends. Almost everyone is of the
opinion that, if at al l, things can work only with separation. Because
once they get access to drugs, there is nothing doing any longer anyway.
~
SPIEGEL: In your view, constraint at the start of withdrawal treatment
leads to the addict's "genuine realization" of the "need for treatment."
How do you know? Is that not pure theory?
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Eyrich: There are some practical examples, including some from the United
States--concerning which, I must say, I know that some models have failed.
Experts say that this was due primarily to hundreds of drug addicts having
b een brought together. For reasons of size alone, this makes reasonable
therapy impossible. According to some findings, the pressure of suffering
on the individual can also be used to his benefit. I know about aversions
to the term "compulsory therapy."
SPIEGEL: Is not the attempt to influence drug addicts by constraint doomed
to failure if only because they really have to overcome their dependence
on their own initiative? Utterly lacking in independence and having become
incapable of coping with everyday life, they are, after all, supposed to
learn how to cope with everyday existence on their own account. Surely
' under the unfavorable conditions in a closed institution with its manifold
constraints and with living condition~ being determined by someone else,
the needed strengthening of their own will is in fact being counteracted.
Eyrich: I have to concede to you the fact that there are factors contained
in our prototype which of course may run counter to such treatment. But
if you want to be governed only by ideal concepts, you are going to fail
j ust as we have failed with all other attempts in the past 10 years.
SPIEGEL: Experts say that no therapy will succeed if you prevent pe~ple
f rom running away. In that case, accordirig to them, the therapy is bound
t o go awry. The addict, they maintain, must be in a position to run away
and also be allowed to return--after any number of relapses.
Eyrich: The crucial point is motivation. Once it has been effected, therapy
basically takes place because the addict wants it to. If someone then
continues to disapprove of the idea an3 says, "Do whatever you please in
this joint, I want to have no part of it," he has to leave and go to
another prison.
SPIEGEL: The reason why in the end many ~oung people resort to drugs is
above all the lack of training vacancies, the lacking personal perspective,
the feeling of not being taken seriously in this society but of only being
p rocessed and administered. What can you offer to those people in your
new institution in the way of a future? Can you impart confidence and
an ability to cope with life to people behind bars?
Eyric,h: Of course it is a complex edifice of inf.luences that may cause one
to ta~ke drugs. Family conditions and a lack of ties play just as important
a part as a desire to find oneself. It is difficult, but definitely possible
in the case of a fairly small group of drug addicts, again to impart a
s ense of self-appreciation and social consciousness.
SPIEGEL: Yet any imprisonment necessarily entails psychological damage,
parCicularly among addicts. If they are i.mprisoned, there is a further
_ deformation of the personality, which often in fact was the cause of the
drug problem--while actually all efforts ought to be aimed at reducing
~ this deformation.
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Eyrich: I admit that initially sL,ch deformation may increase further.
But not after therapy takes hold. No effective therapy, however, at least
initially can do without isolati~~n of the drug addict. Otherwise there is
wide-open contact with the area where the whole misery originated, pre-
venting any chance of success.
SPIEGEL: The drug representative of the Berlin Senat, Wolfgang Heckmann,
assumes that institutions such as Crailheim produce massive resistance to
therapy.
Eyrich: This danger has to be recognized. Resistance to therapy i.s likely _
to be much less considerable here than in other institutions, however.
~ In normal prison conditions, unquestionably everything can be ruined as a
result of many negative influences. There are all kinds of dependence and
repression there, and it is far easier there to be led astray. Of course
it can also happen in Crailsheim that someone says, "Let`s stick together,
fellows." Then there is nothing the off icers can do. In that case I am
man enough to say, "Let's take him out of there, men; otherwise the entire
atmosphere will be ruined for me there."
- SPTEGEL: Assume that despite everything you manage to f~rce the inmates
to be motivated for therapy--what happens then? Are the drug addicts then
supposed to be transferred to regular institutions?
Eyrich: The progress of the treatment must show whether and after how
~ many weeks or months we can perhaps transfer someone to a regular insti-
tution.
i
- SPIEGEL: So people forcibly interned are then later also to be treated j
in this strictly closed institution. Surely this means that the t~rm
"compulsory therapy" is fully applicable.
Eyrich: *Iot at all. If one is more or less fairminded one has to concede
to us the fact that compulsion exists only insofar as the addic~ is led _
to being motivated. If that does not work he does not undergo any therapy.
~ If, however, the motivation phase has succeeded as desired there can be
no question of any compulsion at the further stages. The addict then
participates voluntarily.
SPIEGEL: What kind of freedoms can there be in an institution which in
= order to be drug proof. has to be shut off much more severely toward the
- outside than any other prison? You have to shield this particularly we11
- secured cage to the utmost extent, don't you? Mail, staff, visitors--
you have to lock up everything to a greater degree than anywhere else.
Eyrich: Unfortunately that is so. But I will not be dissuaded from the
fact that it may be--Z dnn't say is bound to be--possible for a person,
though he may be unwilling at the start, gradually, while suffering from
his straits, to gain the realization as a result of intensive conversa-
tions that it is better for him to go along. I do introduce this proto-
type of course with a fair amount of skepticism of my own.
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~
SPIEGEL: So that if it does not work out you do not politically fall on
your race after~aard?
Eyrich: If I fall on my face, I wi11 do so in b~half of something I~.ntro-
duced in accordance with my responsibilities, which are to exhaust every
opportunity I believe to be at my disposal to work in the interest of the
addict.
SPIEGEL: You are guar~.ing against guarantees of success?
Ey~ictl: I have never issued such. I am not that reckless. In a field
where halves of Senerations have failed to say suddenly, "Here comes clever
Eyrich, wh~ will do everything better"--no, no.
SPIFGEL: What in f act is this therapy in Crailsheim supposed to look like,
and how long is it suppnsed to last?
Eyrich: I cannot reliably predici: the duration. We figure an average
of 6 to 8 months. If I add up everything--withdrawal phase about 3 to 5
weeks, motivation phase perhaps 2 months--I will need another 8 or 9 months.
ide therefore want to take to Crailsheim only drug offenders who in all have
about another 15 months left to serve. Of course it is possible for some-
one to be assigned to a job or outside training perhags already after the
5th month; that will depend on the individual case. The worst thing would
_ be for us to have an institution here at which therapy conversations take
place from 7 in the morning to 10 at night, witih na one knowing whEther
he is coming or going. What is needed is progress in the smallest everyday
details. Of course there will be workshops and opportunities for shaping
leisure time; there is to be no lack af any of that.
SPIEGEL: Experts think that long~term therapy has a chance of succeeding
only if it is coupled increasingly with more freedoms for the addict.
Eyrich: I have no reservations regarding this. The institution will be
strictly secured against outside, and internally it will probably be freer
than any other--al~o as regards the therapists, who then of course will be
- in a better position to influence the individual. But of course it is only
later that I will be able to let the people go outside--first into the
yard and later sometimes to an external event.
SPIEGEL: Any drug expert wi11 go on the assumption that at sone point or
other therapy has to be free of any kind of external compulsion, the whole
point being to enable addicts to copQ again with life in society.
- Eyrich: An old realization whicti I am g~.ad to accept. This brings us to -
the so-called therapy chain, which of course is c.rucial. When their sen-
tence is up, I have to let the people go anyway. Then they will have
the best chance if they get into a followup-care institution.
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SPIEGEI.: Thies Poerksen of tt?e highly respe::Le.-'. Tuebingen Drug Aid has
s~~:id about this, "I.et the Justice Minist-zy reap wha:. it has sown."
I:yrich: If that is the attitude we encounter in the private sector, *J~
have to close shop altogether. I do have to rely on the people outside
assuming those tasks from us which we as a judicial executive au' hority
are quite unable to cope with. If this reaction coming from Tuebingen is
a basic ar_titude, we will soon reach a point where effective antidrug
activity is no longer possible. There I really hope for assistance and a
change in at titude. Things cannot work at all without a therapy chain and
followup care.
SPILGEL: Is not the very existence of an institution si:~.h as Crailsberg
going to cause Baden-Wuerttemberg judges in the future less often to take
advantage of the possib ility of suspending sentences and instead to impose
more prison sentences?
Eyrich: I hope not. The 3udges know the capacity of this institution
and the limits of our efforts.
SPIEGEL: Is it true that of the 7,000 people serving sentences in Baden-
" Wuerttember g no fewer than 1,400 are drug addicts?
Eyrich: We do not know for sure, but there are at least 800 drug addicts.
Incidentally, ir. other Laender of the FRG the problem is no less acute
by any means .
SPIEGEL: Among young people serving sentences almost every third is a
- drug addict --among females as many as half. For the about 700 imprisoned
male drug addicts you now make available 40 vacancies in your prototype
institution at Crailsheim. What will happen to the other 660?
Eyrich: They will proceed to serve their sentences as before--with all
the opportunities and lack of opportunities that entails. That we cannot
change at the moment. I would like to be given 2 or 3 years. If things -
work out by that time, we may b~ able to open a second Crailsheim--and -
why not?
SPIEGEL : In Che meantime, it is clear, the drug problem in prisons w;.11
become increasingly acute, particularly because of the danger of in�ection
for those not previously fixed.
Eyrich: That is the worst thing in all this.
SPIEGEL: A~ an academy session at Bad Bo11 which you took part in sponsoring,
it became known that drug addicts are running away from free therapy insti-
tutions ansi want ta get into the clink because there is a better chance
of their being supplied with narcotics there than outside.
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Eyrich: It is terrible. We cannot prevent any of it. For ma.^.~~ access
to drugs is inde~d almost as easy in the institutions as it is outside.
SPIEGEL: Do you know a single penitentiary in your area of responsibility
wt~ere no drugs are circulating?
Eyrich: No, I cannot rule out the fact that there are some in all insti-
tutions, though, God knows, we do everything possible to prevent tihie.
SPTEGEL: How are we going to manage this in Crailsheim in the future?
You would have to subject every attorney, every deliverer of goods, every
cleaning woman right as they enter to a physical search, including inti-
mate checks--something that probably is hardly permissible under the law.
Eyrich: I know of course as well as you do that as far as cerLain kinds
of checks are concerned, there is simply no legal justification unless there
- are concrete grounds for suspicion. In theory anyone with free access
represents a risk. But as long as I have no specific grounds, I will not
resort to such measures.
SPIEGEL: Then you will have to consider the possibility that 1 day drugs
will also circulate in the model institution.
Eyrich: I guess so. Then it will be a question of whether I have any -
reason to suspect where the stuff may be coming from. Then at certain times
when the cleaning woman or the delivery person !~,omes in, it just will be
impossible for any inmate to have access to these peop?~. There are a
thousand possibilir.ies.
There will of course be stricter security provisions, but not to the point
of intimate searches of everyone going iii and ou:.
SPIEGEL: How do you intend to arrange the matter of visits? There wi11
be visits by a mother, brother, friend or attorney. Are all contacts to
be restricted--for example, with built-in dividing windows?
Eyrich: That is one possibility. I cannot ruin a concept just because I
am not preparPd at least to arrange the prerequisites in such a way as to -
prevent the same state of affairs as in other institutions. I have to
think about resorting to the dividing window there. I cannot afford half -
measures in this regard. Otherwise there is no point to my starting with
Crailsheitn in the first place.
SPIEGEL:. How far is this supposed to go? You will have to look under the
stamp of avery letter to see whether it perhaps contains a gram of heroin...
Eyrich: ...Of course, I will have to. But it is easier for me to do so
with 40 people than with 400.
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SPIEGEI,: If you practice such rigid controls of any traffic with the
outside and curtail all communications so strictly, will such form of
accommodations still be in accord with the basic principles of humane
execution of sentences?
F.yrich: Of course, despite all the trend toward liberalization and resocial-
ization. No one can tell me that in a prison where I internally grant
_ far greater freedom than in other institutions, I must not take certain
necessary security measures toward the outside which otherwise do not
affect life in the institution. -
SPIEGCL: Any prevented or curtailed cu.~tact witti the outside affects living
conditions in the institution. And any prisoner, it so happens, within
certain limits is also entitled to maintain contact with persons outside
- the walls.
- Eyrich: You meaxi you think it makes a difference to the prisoner if he
knows we have taken a look under the stamp of a letter of his?
~ SPIEGEL: Now don't stick to the stamp. Let us say an attorney comes to
call, or a father or friend. When your people let them in and say, "Unfor-
tunately we will have to feel inside your pants and feel one thing or
another," it can happen that the visitor says, "This 3oes not jibe with
my sense of human dignity; I won't allow it." The result: The visit does
not take place, despite the fact that it may be important precisely for
_ therapeutic reasons.
Eyricri: The possibility of contact remains. It is made more difficult,
to be sure. Nor can I tell you now what particular measures we will have
to take. There exists a whole range of devices, from precise observation
o� conversation or say, prohibition against kissing--one of the most popular
methods of transporting something--to the strictest security measures, to
which for reasons of security I have also had to resort, of course, against
other inmates. If I can make do with more m3nor actions, all the better.
If, however, I am compelled to have major searches or investigations take =
- place--to the extent that they are in fact possible legally--the question
concerning the clienfcele and the caliber of the visits will also play a
part.
SPIEGEL: What attorney will undress and let himself be felt by your offi-
cials just because he has a client in jail in Crail.sheim? Is the client
then supposed to forge the visit of his attorney--and all this at a place
where it is not a question of dangerous criminals but primarily of sick
people?
Eyrich: What we had to do in the field of terrorism of course was al.so
not f.or the fun or the kick of it but wa� based on definite experience. I
hope we will not have to experience such things at Crailsheim. The problem
of communicating with one's attorney--that in fact, it needs to be realized,
is a very delicate question. But I have no intention whatev~r to curtail
the rights of attorneys. I have no reason to distrust them.
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SPIECEL: You yourself have pointed out the security risk involved in
certain relaxations which happen to be provided for by the law governing
prison procedures, such as passes, leave, permission to be absent during
the day or outside employment. Will you have to do away with all that at
Crailsheim to make the thing work?
Eyrich: At the start--in other words, during the motivation phase--there
- will be none of that. I do not begin with relaxations, leave or outside
employment, of course. If there are favorable prognoses for such things
later on, I will allow them.
SPIEGEL: Are you not also going to proceed very restrictively with all
relaxations because your own prestige is at stake? Once there are drugs
inside, people will tell you maliciously that there never was a way the
thing could work.
Eyrich: Look, if I were to conduct this project absolutely determined not
to suffer any shipwreck, I would suffer shipwreck for certain. I persist
in saying honestly, "Men, this is an experiment." After all, I see the
difficulties myself. So? Gentlemen, otherwise we may as well give up.
Let anyone who in the field of drugs claims he knows the solution step
up and say so. By revealing his patent prescription he can earn billions. -
You can bet your life that ~ust in order to be successful I will not issue
any instructions there which do not conform with whatever is needed for
the development of the individual precisely in this field. If it does
not work, I will say, "ide made the experiment, but it does not work." For
me that is no question of prestige.
SPIEGEL: And what is happening otherwise with drug addicts in prisons
of your Land? How, for instance, are you solving the problem in Adelsheim,
which of course is also a kind of model institution for 3uvenile prisoners?
Eyrich: They have their therapy groups there, of course. Sure. It is pre-
cisely at Adelsheim that we have a pronounced system of times for inter-
views, possibilities of communication...
SPIEGEL: ...Only on paper or actually?
Eyrich: No, no, in practice.
SPIEGEL: Are you well informed there? Your juvenile court judges complain
that there is only 1 psychologist there for every 300 inmates and that
therapy therefore is alto;ether impossible.
Eyrich: At Adelsheim we have an oirganization extensively geared to training
and advanced training, but we also have conversation groups. I have been
there myself. Of course, if by therapy one means conversation groups from
morning to night, then Adelsheim is not the right place. I define therapy
as a total effect on the individual consisting of various things being
offered.
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SPIEGEL: Are you actually always sure which among the inmates in your
institutions is under the influence of drugs?
Eyricti: No, never. There are cases where one cannot tell, even after a
, year.
SPIECEL: So why don't you then use at the new prototype a urine test
developed especially for prisons by the Freiburg biochemist Prof Gerhard
Friedrich? It would allow you to determine whether someone has taken heroin
during the past 3 weeks, and even how much. The test costs no more tha~:
20 deutsche marks.
Eyrich: I have to tell you quite frankly that I did not know such a thing
was available. A suggestion I am happy to follow up on.
SPIEGEL: How many drug addicts in Baden-Wuerttemberg who have been re-
leased from prison take drugs again later? -
Eyrich: Almost all. Generally drug addiction is not eliminated during
imprisonment at all. They do not get rid of their addiction for some
years, of course, and hardly anyone stays with us that long.
SPIEGEL: What do you think of the suggestion by some experts to bring
together all imprisoned drug addicts of a Land in one big institution so
_ that the drug addicts in the prisons in the future will no longer be able
to fix the others and drag them into the drug scene?
Eyrich: We consulted for a long time on whether we should resort to such
a method. It would be too great a concentration of this milieu and would
prevent any further meaningful execution of sentences. Nor would any kind
of therapy be possible any longer--because of the quantity of people involved.
We would be creating ghettos and exacerbate the drug problem even further.
SPIEGEL: But if you muddle along as before, you will have to put up with
- the fact that, say, 50 drug addicts per institution will become 100 within
_ a year.
Eyrich: Let us not settle on a number. There does exist a great danger
of infection. In view of the porousness of the regular institutions and
the dependences developing there, we cannot deny that at all. We are
trying to prevent it. Only I believe the other way--thought through to
its conclusion--pro~ably would be even worse. A big drug concentration
camp, as it were.
SPIEGEL: You also intend in the future to imprison in institutions drug
- addicts who have not been given prison sentences--in other words, right
= from the street, as it were?
Eyrich: I did not propose that. The question was put to me by a CDU deputy
as to whether I regarded compulsory therapy also possib?e in cases where
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there was nq sentence, and whether it would be within the law. I replied
that after careful examination I regarded possible assignment to an insti-
tution as admissible under the accommodation law and that it would be
within the constitution. But this is a basically political question which
it is not up to me but up to the whole government to answer.
SPIEGEL: You yourself, however, are of the opinion that in "serious cases"
it is not unconstitutional to deprive a drug addict of his freedom for the
purpose of compulsory therapy. What is a"serious" case?
Eyrich: For instance, if the addict's health has been undermined to a
point where his life is in jeopardy. The question is whether one should
expand the possibilities of the accommodation law. Personally I have long
held the view that if an alcoholic may be interned provided he is himself
in jeopardy and constitutes a threat to security, the same must also be
possible in the field of drugs.
SPIEGEL: You have even already drafted a proposal on how to word an amend-
ment to the law. What does it say?
Eyrich: It reads as follows: "Additionally, if someone needs treatment
because of serious drug addiction aimed at withdrawal or elimination of
the addiction, he needs to be institutionalized if treatment outside a
psychiatric institution is unlikely to be successful."
SPIEGEL: Outside a psychiatric institution, treatment sometimes is unlikely
to be successful just because, purely and simply, there is a lack of insti-
tutional prerequisites. Simply by not establishing enough free therapy
clinics one can get oneself carte blanche for locking up any drug addict
as needed.
- Eyrich: I dispute that. It has to be determined whether an establishment
outside an institution would or would not be likely to be successful. The
determining factor is the drug addict, not the existence or qualifications
of an institution.
SPIEGEL: But this is not what your draft says.
Eyrich: I concede to you that it could and probably should be phrased
better.
SPIEGEL: In the amendment of the narcotics law pending in Bonn, it is
also a question of expanding the possibilities of suspension, so that in
the future a judge can also still put someone on probation if he faces
him for. the third or fourth time.
Eyrich: Expanding suspension to take in probation--as the federal justice
minister proposed--I consider irreconcilable with the basic principles of
probation. Probation is based on the expectation that a punishable offense
will not be committed again. An expansion would virtuall,y mean putting
up wittingly with further offenses. I personally have considerable
~ 55 ~
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misgivings about that, because it would dissolve a system in favor of a
certain group. That is opportunism. Thinking of some forms of procurement
ofEenses, I also wonder whether we can justify that vis-a-vis the general
public. Here values are at stake, after all.
SPIEGEL: Are you not arguing here in too narrow legal terms? You are ig-
noring the fact that drug addicts are primarily sick people and only
secondarily crirninals. The criminality actually almost always derives
from a situation whPre one's own sickness--in other words, addiction--is
to be satisfied or maintained with means that are perforce criminal.
Eyrich: I persist in the view that the ~udge has to find whether someone
is sick and cannot act otherwise or whether he is responsible. If he says
the person is responsible, he also must regard the person concerned as
capable of making decisions, and be able to impose the same demands and
conditions on him as on others. Otherwise you place third parties in
jeopardy--for example being led astray into drugs. If someone is on proba-
tion he can engage in dealing, and we increase the difficulties even further
if we place him on probation again and again.
SPIEGEL: That is quite another argument--general prevention.
Eyrich: I cannot put up with the constant increase in the number of ad-
dicts. We know that the drug scene re~uvenates itself almost exclusively
~ via dealing. I have not yet formed a complete opinion; only I must also
take into account the danger of someone dealing and thus dragging into the
vicious circle a person who has not been an addict, and of my wittingly
putting up with this only because I hope that he will take advantage of
his probation chance to get out of the scene himself.
SPIEGEL: That danger exists. If you want to meet it really effectively,
you would have to lock up all drug addicts without exception--in other
words, if you think it through consistentily, introduce preventive custody
for all drug addicts.
Eyrich: Here it seems we agree for once and need not discuss the ~atter
further. No one is considering preventive custody. Not I either. I
cannot lock the people up; you know ~hat as well as I. Politically that
would be--I cannot find the word for it. It is a question of tolerance
which we can grant without con~uring up new dangers to a point where in
the end we face problems one cannot cope with any longer.
SPIEGEL: A quite different concept for opening a way out to the many
nonmotivated or little motivated heroin addicts is the methadone program,
conducted with some success abroad. With that medication people are taken
away from the needle under medical control, 80 percent of those t~:eated
stick with the therapy, ar_~? 80 percent of those treated for 2 years or
longer, to quote the case of New York, return to their ~obs. Procurement
criminality and the heroin trade are reduced. What do you think of this?
56
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Eyrich: The ministers of the interior discussed this question only recently.
~ I do not want to intrud~ into their area of responsibility. But one has
to be aware of the danger of our substituting one dependence for another.
I don't know whether that does not mean throwing in the towel. If that
is a way, it can also turn into the danger of nothing at all being done
any more.
SPIEGEL: For the addicts the chances of survival and living conditions
under methadone are far better than in the case of heroin. The physiCal
and psychological effects are far less onerous.
Eyrich: But it is also a fact that there occurs a personality change.
- A p?-.:,cess of destruction, of further reduction, also exists in the case
of inethadone. Today we have to grasp at almost any straw in this field.
But I believe this is not even a straw.
SPIEGEL: Thank you for this interview, ~ir Minister.
8790
CSO: 5300
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FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY
CHINESE HEROIN SMUGGLING GANG SENTENCED
Frankfurt/Main FRANKFI3RTER ALLGEMEINE in German 16 May 80 p 9
[Article by wol: "Narcotics Dealers Sentenced"]
[Text] Hamburg, 15 May--following criminal proceedings that lasted for
almost 9 months, the Hamburg District Court imposed,heavy prison sentences
on f ive alleged members of the so-called Ah-Kong gang that had been engaged
in a lucrative heroin trade between East Asia and Central Europe over a
period of many years. A 30-year-old Chinese, Khen Lim-lin, who in the
opinion of the court had been the "German chief" of the gang and, conse-
quently, one of the most important men behind the narcotics ring, was
sentenced to 13 years in prison for drug trafficking, membership in a
_ criminal organization and tax evasion. Three other countrymen of Khen's
were handed prison terms of 10 years each. The heaviest sentence fell
upon 31-year-old Boon Kimlow, who, contrary to the other four defendants,
was convicted of three additional specific cases of heroin smuggling: 15
years in prison.
The court justified the sent ences by indicating that the total of approx-
imately 60 kilograms of hero in that had been seized from members of the -
Ah-Kong gang had "probably been "only the tip of the iceberg." At times,
the gang, which had been "in business" since 1972, sold enormous quantities.
The drug ring was brolcen up--three less importanC members had been sentenced
to prison terms ranging between 8 and 10 years as early as December of last
year--during a smuggling attempt which involved Che Malaysian freighter
"Sankuru." The police had already been in.formed because the telephones of
two suspected Chinese had be en tapped. When the heroin, 28 kilograms aC a
"resale value" of approximately DM 30 million, was to be unloaded in Hamburg,
the narcotics department of the Hanseatic city went into action. -
8991
CSO: 5300
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FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY
TWO ARRESTED IN MUNICH FOR HERO~N DEAL
Munich SUEDDEUTSCHE ZEITUNG in German 8 May 80 p 13
[Article by Johann Freudenreich: "Heroin for London--Shipped From Munich"]
[Text] The biggest heroin traffic incident ever to
occupy Munich ~ustice officials--in question are at
least 8 kilograms of the narcotic at a retail value
of Dri 2.4 million--has reached a decisive phase.
The police found out that heroin traff ic in Munich
had been organized by Munich residents and that
shipments from Tehran to London to~k place via
the Bavarian Land capital. While the three
"business ma.r~,3gers" of the group--which alta-
gether numbered 11 people--were arrested on
the Thames, the Munich I prosecutor's off ice in
the meantime indicted'the incarcerated Anton K.
(64), businessman and "transport manager," and
30-year-old Renate R., who had been arrested as
- well.
Anton K., who made a confession and admitted that he personally brought 4
kilograms of heroin from Tehran to Munich, is a very colorful personality.
He had already shown himself to be an avant-gardist in many areas of modern
criminality. He was one of the f irst to organize in Munich the shipment of
stolen automobiles to overseas de~tinations and he trien bank robberies.
He was also mixed up in a number of fraudelent business deals. When he
was arrested this time, the original reason was not the heroin trial but
a fraudelent business deal which cost a bank around DM 1.1 million.
Codefendant in this trial is a bank employee as Weii. Anton K. is said to _
have gathered his experiences while ~uggling accounts.
Ke~ Witness Hoping for Lower Sentence
His activities in the narcotics group did not become known until later. At ~
the beginning of the year, the three "business managers" and some of their
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buyers, as well as Renate R., had been arrested in London. Renate R. -
was willing to be a key witness in the English court and to testify against
her accomplices. ConsequAntly, she was released and given permission to
travel to Munich. Here, however, she was arrested. Nevertheless, the
defendant is hoping f or extenuating circumstances.
According to the findings by the Land Criminal Investigation Department,
the heroin traffic proceeded in the following manner: In 1979, the Munich
- initiators sent courier s with a Mercedes to Tehran, where a secret compart-
mnnt was built into the gas tank and filled with heroin. Subsequently, it
was transported back to Munich, where the hot shipment was transf erred to
another car. It was hi~den in the cardan tunnel of the smuggle vehicle and
lefC in the direction of London. Anyway, the hiding-Place had to be easily
accessible, because the heroin sale in London had to be accomplished
within minutes. The location for the transactions was always in the open
air, somewhere near the Thames. According to police findings, the heroin
which was purchased in Tehran was resold at approximately 800 English
pounds per ounce. Nevertheless, at the beginning of this year, Scotland
Yard received an appropriate tip which led to the arrest of the leaders,
their buyers and collabo rators.
'.,.Will Not Affect tie Much Any More'
Originally, Anton K. did not want to make any statements. Later, he changed
his mind af ter all. When the prosecutor called attention to the severity
of the sentence that he might expect, the 64-year-old said: "I am a sick
man and, anyway, I have only 2 years lef t to live. No matter how severe
the sentence, it will not affect me much any more."
8991
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FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY
BRIEFS
HEROIN SEIZURE--On Thursday afternoon, 1,225 grams of pure heroin--at a
_ retail value of approximately DM 1.2 million--was confiscated when a 37-year-
old Lebanese got off an express train at the Zoo Railway Station. The man
is living in Tiergarten. He had been suspected of smuggling narcotics and
been under observation by the police since January of this year. On Thursday,
the police and customs officals received a tip that the suspect was on his -
- way by train from Frankfurt/Main to Berlin carrying a fairly large quantity
of heroin. ;'ubsequently, customs officials and the police watched all
trains that ware arriving at the railway stations in Wannsee and at the
- Zoo Station. At about 1545 the Lebanese was discovered in an express train
at the Wanns~e Station. When he got off the train at the Zoo Station,
carrying his luggage, he was arrested. He was carrying the heroin in a
plastic bag. [Text] [West Berlin DER TAGESSPIEGEL in German 10 May 80
p 7] 8991
HEROIN SMtJGGLERS' TRIAL--The trial against two alleged members of one of the ~
largesr. Berlin heroin traffic rings began yesterday in the Great Chamber of
the criminal court of the Landgericht. It is a part of the comprehensive
narcotics proceedings against a total of eight persons, allegedly belonging
to the "upper ranks" of the dealer hierarchy. Considering the charges that
will be brought to trial, the possession and traffic of 23 kilograms of
heroin, the Italian couple currently under indictment are accused of only
minor involve~ent. AlZegedly, in December 1977 the woman brought a suitcase
containing 1.25 kilograms of heroin from Turkey to Berlin by plane at the
request of the chief of drug traffic. In addition, the couple has been
ac.:used of accepting a suitcase containing 1.8 kilograms of heroin in April
1978 in Munich and of transporting it to Berlin. Finally, it is said that
they were storing small quantities of heroin in the pizza parlor which they
were operating together and that they were selling it at the request of the
chief of heroin traffic. Whereas the husband stated in court that he had
- never in his life seen heroin and that he had had nothing to do with the
whole matter, the wife admitted transporting the narcotics from Munich to ~
Berlin: She had not known, however, how much heroin had been in the suitcase.
Furthermore, this service which had been performed for the chief had not
been rewarded with money or heroin. The trial will continue next Tuesday.
[Text] [West Berlin DER TAGESSPIEGEL in German 9 M~y 80 p 11] 8991
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MA.IOR E{EROIN SEIZURE, ARRESTS--Frankfurt, 15 May--This week, the police in
Frankfurt a:~d Ruesselsheim scored a significant victory in their fight
against organized drug traffic. Several narcotics traffic rings were broken
~ip and 28 kilograms of heroin as well as 40 kilograms of hashish were con-
fis~:ated. Frankfurt Police President Knut Mueller mentioned on Thursday
one of the biggest successes ever in the FRG. The Public Prosecutor's
Office ordered the arrest of nine Turkish Kurds--among them two women--and
one Arab who had been taken into custody when the narcotics were seized.
Tha hashish was found in a Frankfur t apartment occuipied by two Germans.
According to information supplied by Mueller, the Frankfurt police has
confiscated more than 40 kilograms of heroin since the beginning of this
year. This amount already exceeds the quantities seized in Frankfurt the
entire year of 1979. In the opinion of experts, the heroin that was dis-
covered the night before Thursday--primarily in Ruesselsheim--is of "such
a high quality" that it might have been extended to four times the amount
and netted for the narcotics scene proceeds of approximately DM 20 million.
[Text] [Frankfurt/Main FRANKFURTER ALLGEMEINE in German 16 May 80 p 9] 8991
CSO: 5300
62 ~
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~
I~'INLAAID
P~DICAL BOARD LIFTS I~ICENSPsS AI~TTE~ PRESCRIPTIONS SCANDAL
Helsinki HELSINGIN SANOMAT in Finnish 16 May 80 p 14
- ;
[Text] The Medica.l Boaxd has impoeed penalties amounting altogether to
over a year's time oa seven doctors and dentists for having been too laa
in tirriting up prescriptions for narcoti::s, Five of them have been deni.ed.
the right to prescribe narcotics or consaiousness-altering drugs, T~ro of
them ha,ve had their licenses co~pletely revoked~
Two of the sevett cases are related to the drug trade in Dolorex tablets
exposed thie apring,
Right now, the Medica~ Board ia holding hearings on some 10 other doctors
involved in the Dolorex affair. Disciplinary action againet them will be
considersd today, Frscla,y.
The Dolorea oase will be t'~zrther puraued in Helsiriki Municipal Court next
week. If the aoU.rt hearing~s ahow cause, several licenses will be suspended. ~
- The seutence imposed on the docto~s from the bench will probably automar-
tically result in disciplixiaxy action by the Medioal Board,
Iaterference with doctors' licenses to practice has been p~articularly rare
in F'inland., In the judgment of the Medical Board, the total of 12 caees
reported la,st year up to noW oonetitu.te the largrest number we have had,
- The Medical Boaxd admits that abuses in the prescribing of ria,rcotics ha,ve
been difficult to lzeep taba on. It is believed that the new, atricter -
regul.ations will make supervision more methodical.
~e plan is to aet up a computer list of patients receiving narcotics
whic~ will be checked from time to ti.me. If it is noted tha,t a given indi-
vid~ial is nsing toa 7.arg^e a quantity of dr~zgs, doctors aund pharmacies wil7.
; be informed of the fact,
Bot~h the Pharmacists Association and the Pharmacy I,ea,gue unreservedly sup-
port a shift to tigi~ter sup~rvision. Both organizations feel t~at their
, members have had little oppurtunity to intervene in a~parent cases of drug =
abuse. -
6:3
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When they suspect abuse, pharmaciste call the doctor but, if the doctor
s~}rs that the prescription is a1~. ri~t, the pharmacy ha.s no choice but to
fill it,
~'harinaciee have aleo been able to voice their euspicions to the Medical
Board. In a~y event, for a couple of years now all narcatics preecriptions
have been sent to the Medical Board~ T'he Pharmacists Association does not _
believe that tYie new, stricter handling of narcotics will signi.ficantly
add to their work, since the number of narcotics prescriptions is quite
small.
As for the pha.rmaciste, they hope that in exceptional ca.ses it wfll be made
cleax just how far the pharmacy'e responsibility extends.
In I~~arch of this year, an illegal trade involving hundreds of thousande of
Dolorex nills was exposed in Helsinki. Doctors who had sold prescriptions
to drn~r dealers were inv~olved in the affair.
- 11,466
cso: 5300
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SPAIN
BASQUE TERRORIST ORGAI~IZATION JOINS ANTI-DRUG BATTLE
San Sebastian EGIN in Spanish 3 May 80 p 7
[Excerpts] San Sebastian--ETA(m) [Basque Fatherland and Liberty Group-mili-
taryJ announced in a communique yesterday the initiation of an armed campaign
against the "drug Mafia," stating: "Our efforts will be aimed at both making
warning attacks on establishments and centers for the distribution and con-
: sumption of such products and mak.ing attack~ involving the physical elimina- -
tion of leading m~mbers of this alienating, corrupt little world of drugs."
The same communique claims credit for "the explosion carried out on 27 April
in Donostia at the 'E1 Huerto Pub,' located on Reyes Catolicos Street, in this
_ capital." The communique notes: "The reason for the ETA's military interven-
tion at the 'E1 Huerto Pub' is that it is one of the main locations for the
trafficking of both hard and soft drugs in Donostia."
It cites "the need to foster a serious, in depth, popular discussion on the -
sub~ect, firs t of all informing the youth and the entire public about this
type of product, relating to both soft and hard drugs, as well as on their
repercussions on our present society. Secondly, there must be an explana-
tion and an exposure in concrete terms of the political connotations involved
therein." The communique concludes with a warning that the ETA(m) will take
action insofar as its capacities allow,
2909
CSO: 5300
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SPAIN
BRIEFS -
COCAINE, HEROIN CONFISCATED--Inspectora of the Judicial Police Brigade
have arreeted J uan Gonzalez Ruie (alias) "E1 Galindo," Julio F ernandez
Cabello, Andres Ramos Gabriel, Ricardo Dominguez Hernandez, Jose Luis
0'Kelly Martinez, Matias Hernandez Martin and Francisco Santiago Leon.
They are thought to be members of a gang engaged in the introduction
and distribution of drugs in the province of Huelva. A half kilogram of
cocaine and heroin, a radio transmitter, three portable transcefvers,
ammunition for firearma of varioua calibers, implemaents for the
preparation of narcotic aubstancea, a precision scale, a press for
moulding the tablets, and a silencer for weapons have been seized from
the arreated persons. Later, 3 firearms, 2 pistol holater~, more than
100 cartridgea for different firearms, and a transceiver were found in the
residence of "E1 Galindo." The drugs were valued at between 5 and 8 million
peaetas. [Text] [Madrid YA in Spanish 24 Apr 80 p 16] 8131
= HASHISH TRAFFICKERS ARRESTED--The police have arrested three French citizens
on the charge of drug trafficking. ~ao of them had succeeded in bringing
80 grams of hashish oil into Spain. They had placed it in six prophylactics
which they later awallowed. The persons arrested are Gerard Marie Moity,
Francoia Togores, both age 24, and Jean Paul Rouch, age 22. The first and
the third are the ones who, according to the police report, had swallowed
- the prophylactics containing the hashish oil. Apparently they had obtained
the oil in Tetuan, and had managed to deceive the Algeciras customs. However, ~
when they had already arrived in Alcala de Henares, Gerard Marie Moity
- had suddenly felt ill. Fearing that his illneas could have been caused by '
one of the prophylactics breaking in his stomach, they went to a hospital
clinic, where after he was examined, it was concluded that that was not
the cauae of his illness. [Text] [Madrid EL PAIS in Spanish 10 Apr 80
p 21 ] 8131
CSO: 5300
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TURKEY
DRUG SMUGGLING VIEWED AS DUAL PRUBLFM
Istanbul HURRIYET in Turkish 15 May 80 p 3
[Article by Oktay Eksi]
[Text] Nery+spaper reports read, ~~Heroin valued at 1.5 billion liras has
- been confiscated in Mardin.~~ The details were~ ~~As a result of a series of
operations conducted over a period of 3 months, teams attached to the
Mardin security directorate seized~ on the outskirts of Omerli administra-
tive district, 15 kilograms of pure heroin hidden in specially constructed
compartments in an sutomobile. Four persons were arrested, and 14 more
are being sought.~~
This type of report has begun to appear extremely frequently in ae~spapers.
It was reported, for example, that, on 24 April, Yugoslav, Italian, and
Greek narcotics bureau teams confiscated 84.5 kilograms of heroin and,
that, on 8 April, teams oF the Istanbul security dfrectorate intercepted
base morphine with a market value outside the country of 200 million liras
and 50-million-liras ~,rorth of heroin (half a kilogram).
- This means that in April aloue the value of narcotics associated with
Turkey that were able to be apprehended totaled 9 billion liras. When we
add to this the 36 bags of heroin valued at 875 million Turkish liras that
were reported in 20 March issues of newspapers as "confiscated in
Diyarbakir" and the persons arrested in February in Istanbul with heroin
and hashish worth 7 million liras and in Paris with base morphine valued at
- 42 million liras; in January in Geneva with 10.2-billion-liras-worth of
heroin (170 kilograms) and in Maribor on the Yugoslav-Aastrian border with
heroin worth a billion liras; and~ Einally, in December 1979 in Istanbul
with 875-million-liras-worth.of heroin and base morphine~tl~e extent of
smuggling becomes evident. Because those who deal with this issue use the
"one-tenth rule~'~ or, iu other words~ ackn~wledge that 10 times more nar-
- cotics are smuggled than can be seized~ the problem becomes overwhelming.
In facta Turkey is a bridge over which narcotics such as base morphine and
- hashish pass on the way to being smuggled into Europe. However~ this does -
not mean to say that "abso~.utely no heroin is processed in Turkey.~~ In
67
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contrast, up to the end of 1977~ Turkey was one of the cauntries that "pro-
duced heroin." As a matter of f act~ an acid anhydride that is used in the
production of heroin was intercepted that year when it was being brought
into the country from Europe in a TIR [International Highway Transport]
truck bearing Iranian license plates.
Just as narcotics smugglers use Turkey as a bridge, they use adventurous
Turkish workers going to Europe as "carriers." For this reason, every
Turk crossing a border into a European country is looked upon as a~~po-
tential narcotics smuggler." From the standpoint of our international re- -
lations, this is an extremely serious problem and is sufficient enough -
reason for the government to apply the most stringent measures to prevent
narcotics smuggling.
The probl~m, however, is not only related to our international relations _
and our honor. There is a side af narcotics smuggling that constitutes a
more serious danger to life. AcCOrding to reports published by interna-
tional organizations and to official accounts released in the press, all
these narcotics are being used to "purchase illegal arms.~' In this way~
a vital tie has been created between narcotics smuggling and rebels in
Middle East countries. ~
If Turkish administrators can see this fact before the ethnically based
problems that are emerging around us leap over into Turkey~ we can probably
save our house from the fire. If they do not~ we may still save our house,
but we will unnecessarily pay a high price when doing so.
11673
CSO: 5300
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_ UNITED KINGDOM
BRIEFS
CANNABIS SEIZURE--Customs investigators today began making inquiries abroad
about the 650 lb of cannabis resin worth 500,000 pounds found in a crate of
"household effect" addreased to Morocco's London embassy. Cutoms investi- ~
gators led by Chief Investigations Officer Peter Cutting contacted the
_ Pakistan drug enforcement agency in an effort to track down the drugs ring
and the cource of the cannabis. Cuatoms officers at Harwich docks were
alerted yesterday when the large wooden crate marked simply "Moroccan Embassy
household effects" fe11 off a fork lift truck revealing its contents. The ~
crate, which was in transit from Karachi in Pakistan is understood to have '
arrived at Harwich on Wednesday. The crate was not addressed to any spe-
cific official at the embassy in Kensington's Queen's (;ate Gardens, which
has a staff of 13 under Ambassador Mr Badreddine Senoussi. One theory
today was that the crate may have had its original contents removed some-
where in transit and replaced with the drugs. The crate would then have
been picked up by members of the drugs ring before it arrived at its original
destination. [LD160748 London Press Association in English 1d05 GMT 13 Jun
80]
CSO: 5300 '
END
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� Mexico City EL SOL DE MEXICO in Spanish l_ Jun 80 p E-2
[Text ] _
, AN ARSENA~ . . ~
_ ~
'
~
, ; .
~ :
_ `
, ~
~ r.
.J;
~ ' ~
�
.
~ ~
~
;,t: , _
� . �~f{. r~1 . '
.;r~ �K� ~ ~~1�1
' ~
.i. ~ ~i~ .
.
.
\ � - c�~'"' ~~��~r
.f~s.
~ , , .
f~ � .
. '
_ -r- ' .
"I caught her with half a kilo of marihuana, a knife and two pistols,rr
"Was she trying to smuggle them into Che jail?"
~
"No, she was trying to smuggle them out:::"
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