JPRS ID: 8901 SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT
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JPRS L/8901
4 February 1980
Sub-Saharan Af rica Re ort
p
FOUO No. 665
1
FBIS FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMQ~ION SERVICE
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NOTE
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other characteristics retained.
Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets
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last lin~ of a brief, indicate how the original information was
processed. Where no processing indicator is given, the infor-
mation was summarized or extracted.
Unfamiliar names rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names precedad by a ques-
tion mar~C and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the
original but have been supplied as appropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
- item originate with the source. Times within items are as
given by saurce.
The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.
" For further information on report content
call (703) 351-2833 (Near East); 351-2501
~Iran, Afghanistan); 351-3165 (North
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~
COPYRIGHT LAWS AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING OWNERSHIP OF
MATERIALS REPRODUCED HEREIN REQUIRE THAT DISSEMINATION
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JPRS L/8901
- 4 February 1980 ~
SUB-SAiIARAN AFRICA REPORT
FOUO No. 665
r ~
CONTENTS ~PAGE
INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS
Reportage on Central, West African Organizations
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 21 Dec 79) 1
- Francophcne Corrmiunity's F~ture Discussed
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERR,ANEENS, 28 Dec 79) 8
Iliama, Manantali Dam Projects Described
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 14 Dec 79) 12 .
Briefs
Chad Rejoining UDEAC 1!t
Tanzanian Soldiers in Uganda 14
Dacko Seeks Moroccan Guard 1l~
Dacko Thanks Senegalese Magistrate 14
ANGOLA
- Oil Minister Analyzes Production, Foreign Concessions
(MARCHES TROPICAU% ET MEDITERRANEENS, 14 Dec 79) 15
Increased Economic Ties With Brazil
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 21 Dec 79) 18
French Position, Wish for Expanded Economic Relations Described
(MtiRCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 14 Dec 79) 20
Briefs
Government Appointments Detailed 23
Pressures on Brazil Trade 23
BENIN
Internal Infighting Described
(Francois Soudan; JEUNE AFRIQUE, 19 Dec 79) 2l~
- a - [III - NE & A - 120 FOUO) -
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CONTENTS (Co~tinued) Page -
GANIDIA
BADEA Approves Airport Expansion Loan 26 `
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERR.ANEENS, 14 Dec 79).....
GUINEA -
Protest Against French Allegations of Human Rights
Violations
(AFRIQUE-ASIE, 10 Dec 79) 2?
Ayekoye Aluminum, Konkoure Dam Pro~ects Given Priority 28
(MAR,CHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 11t Dec 79)
Brief s ~9
New Archbishop
MAI,I
Bri ef s 30
BADEA Roa3 Construction Loan
MOZANSBIQUE
Brief s 31 '
Economic Cooperation With Japan _
NAMIBIA '
France Uiscourages Investments in Namibia 3~ :
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 7 Dec 79)
Opposition Voiced To Exports of Roessing Uranium ~
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEEliS~ 11~ Dec 79) 33 ,
NIGER
Brief s 34 j
Increased Fffort in Education _
ftHODESIA
" _ ; .
Ecorio~y, Se.en'~:as Improving~.~ Becoming �Ma~e Competitive 35
i~ASARC~iES. TROP~GAUX_ ET;MEDITERRAiNFEAT~y 28.,Dec ?9)
SENEGAI,
EIB I~oan for Study of Development of Faleme Iron Ore 38 I
(MARCHES TROPICAU~C ET MEDITERRANEENS, 14 Dec 79)
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CONTENTS (Continued) Page
Brief s
Canadian Minister's Visit 39
Canadian-Senegalese Bilateral Cormrission 39
Economic Recovery Plan 39
Loans for ~ina ~shing 40
Cooperation With Germany
Spanish Cooperation Agreements 40
French-Senegalese Maneuvers 41
ZAIRE
Past, F~ture Oil Product~on Assessed by Cometra ~
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 7 Dec 79) 42
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INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS
REPORTAGE ON CENTRAL, WEST AFRICAN ORGANIZATIONS
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 21 Dec 79 pp 3626-27,
- 3616
[Text] UDLAC Summit Meeti.ng in Bangui: Mostly Financial Problems and
Possible Readmission of Chad
The 15th conference of UDEAC (Central African Customs and Economic Union)
chiefs of state was held in Bangui on 11 and 12 December. It was attended -
- by the presidents of four member states: Ahidjo (Cameroon), Bongo
(Gabon), Sassour Nguesso (Congo) and Dacko (RCA [Central African Republic]).
In his closing speech, outgoing president David Dacko (RCA) praised the~
ef.ficiency of the sumrrit meeting and announced that the next meetiz~g ot'
the UDEAC would be in December 1980 in Brazzaville (Congo) under the
chairmanship of Col Sassou Nguesso, president of the People's Republic of
_ Che Congo.
Vincent Efon (Cameroon), the union's secretary general, whose mandate was
extended by another three years, indicated the nature of the acCs passed
by the summit meeting, dealinb specifically with the status oi pro-
- fessional accountants, the accounting plan of banks and enteYprises, an d
the budget of the union's agencies.
Furthermore, some decisions were made at the summit meeting on the �
regional agricultural census plan, improvements of civil servant systems,
_ separate home taxation, and statistical improvements.
The social security conventions which would have been submitted to the
arbitr.ation of the chiefs of state were not adopted and will be submitted
to further investigations.
According to the observers, the summit dealt essentially with financial
problems, and it was on this basis that the governor of the Bank of
Central African States (BEAC) and the director general of the Development
Bank of Central African States (BDEAC) were heard by the council.. The
, administrative councils of both agencies had met shortly before the
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summit (see infra). This predominance of financial problems was also one
of the reasons for the attendance of the summit meeting by Mahamat Saleh
Ahmat, Chad's minister of finance and chairman of the administrative
council of the BEAC.
The other reason, according to statements made to the AFP by the Chad `
minister, is Chad's interest in the UDEAC to which it would like to be
- readmitted. A UDEAC mission will visit Ndjamena in April to discuss the
- question.
Let us recall that Chad left the UDEAC in 1968 to set up with Zaire and
the RCA--which has subsequently rejoined the UDEAC--a Union of Central
African States (UEAC) which never became properly operational.
_ BEAC: Meeting o.f. the Administrative Council
The administrati~e council of the Bank of Central African States met on
6 December in Bangui under the presidency of Mahamat Saleh, minister of
finance, buiidings, and materials of the Republic of Chad. ;
The council reviewed the situation with raw materials on international
marke~places and undertook a study of the economic situation of the
countries within the zone, compared with the situation which prevailed
in the course of its July 1979 regu~ar meeting. The situation is
characterized by an assertion of the trend then noted of increased out-
put of the three main agri~:ultural export products (cocoa, coffee, and
cotton), and of most of the mining output, whereas forestry exploitation
showed no noticeable chang~ in terms of output or exports.
Analyzing the development of emissiuns of the main monetary units in the
zone, the council noted a substantial decline over the past four months
of the net external position of the monetary system as well as a strong
growth of internal zones.
The administrators then examined the final account of the 1978-1979 fiscal
year and unanimously accepted the financial results. Furtnermore, the
council studies tb.e quarterly reports submitted by the national monetary -
committees and approved the proposal~ for the ov~rall ceilings submitted.
It then examined requests for short and medium-term ioans submitted by
the various national financial committees and approved certain stipula-
tions related to measures for the use of the monetary market whose
creation within the emission zone had been decided in its previous
meeting.
After approving the characteristics of some money issues wnose emission
is planned, the council decided that its next meeting will tse held in
Ndjamena iit March 1980.
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~ BDEAC: Meeting of the Administrative Council and of the General Meeting _
in Bangui
The meetings of the administrative council and the ordinary general
- mee[ing of the Development Bank of Central African States (BDEP.C) were
held on 5 December 1979 in Bangui. They were chaired by Jean-Pierre Le
Bouder, Central African minister of state in charge of the plan, coopera-
tion and statistics, and of supervising companies and study enterprises
- dealing with projects related to the organization and promotion of agro-
industrial operations, standing for Alphonse Koyamba, first vice minister
in charge of the economy, finances, posts and telecommunications, and of
control over state enterprises. -
After analyzing the financial state of the bank, the council accepted the
accounts and report of activities of the fiscal year which ended on
30 June 1979, took note of the temporary situation of the bank on
- ~0 September 1979, and adopted the financial regulation which determines
~ the general rules governing financial management.
Examining the file of resource mobilization, the council was pleased wirh
the achieved progress. It therefore decided to recommend to the general
stockholders' meeting to admit the FRG as a stockholder and authorize the
director general to sign with Switzerland a financial corporation conven-
tion on a subsidy totaling 700,000 Swiss francs for the financing of
' studies and technical assistance. It also issued to the director
general's office the necessary directives for the pursuit of negotiations
for obtaining additional resources from some financial institutiors.
The council then allowed the granting of three loans within the frame of
cof i~i~nc ing_
- A loan of 500 million CFA to the Gabon Development Bank to~.refinance a
loan to be used by the Gabon Postal and Telecommunica:,ions Office, to
finance the extension of the Libreville telephone network;
- A loan of 350 million CFA [o the Loutete Cement Plant (Congo) for
repairs and expansion with a view to raising its output to 130,000 tons;
- A loan of 350 million CFA to the Cameroon Cement Works to increase the
production capacity of the plants in Figuil and Bonaberi.
These financial agreements raise to the number of sevpn the projects in
which the BDEAC is participating and to 3 billion 50 million CFA the
total of its investments as of its factual opening in 1978.
After approving the nominaticn of the director of the bank's studies
department the council analyzed the material situatian of the agents and
agreed on certain changes.
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Finall.y, the council was informed of the result af the request for the
submission of offers to the enterprises on the subject of the final
- cen[ral location of the bank; it considered the planning of the construc-
tion whose site will be opened in January 1980 and the financial measures
to be implemented for the successful completion of this project.
The next meeting of the coun,:il will take place in March-April of 1980.
The meeting was immediately followed by the stockholders' general meeting. _
- I[ approved the accounts and the report for the 1978/79 financial year
decreed by the council and decided that some of the profits for distribu-
tion be used to set up a fund for financing bank study projects.
The s[ockholders' meeting accepted the FRG as a new contributor to the
bank's capital and set its quota of the capital at 6.25 percent, totaling
1 billion CFA francs. Having noted that the initial capital of the bank
had now been subscribed [o the Level of 15 billion 400 million CFA francs,
or 96.25 percent, the general meeting noted the various proposals for the
purchasing of the remaining shares. ~ ,
Furthermore, the general meeting set the general limit of loans which the
bank could negotiate in the course of the 1980-1981 fiscal year to 5
billion CFA francs, which would enable it to implement its program.
Finally, on the motion of the stockholders, the general meeting decided
to issue or extend the mandates of the voting and nonvoting administrators
for a period of three years.
The next general meeting will take place in November of 1980.
UMOA. Financial Status on 30 June 1979
The Central Bank of Western African States (BCEAO) recently published a
study on the fiscal situation of the West African Monetary Union (UMOA)
as of 30 June 1979.
Whereas the agricultural production campaign showed progress thanks to
proper weather conditions, this situation was affected by the successive
price increases of petroleum products, the growth of inflation and rising
interest rates.
From the end of June of ~978 to the end of June 1979 the development of
the monetary situation of the UMOA was essentially characterized by the
following:
- A reversal of the new foreign position of the money institutions which ~
changed from + 82.3 billion CFA to - 8 billion;
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- An acceleration of the growth rhythm of loans to the economy which -
rose by 26.5 percent, compared with 22.5 percent for the period of
June 1977-June 1978;
- A slight reduction in the amount of maney in circulation, reduced from
17.6 percent to 16 percent;
- An additional contribution of 90.6 billion CFA made by the Central Bank
for Economic Financing.
Under the opposite influence of the stagnation of revenues from the export
of raw materials and the increased ~ost of imports of consumer goods and
. equipment, on 30 June 1979 three -~ountries showed a negative balance o�
their net external capital: Senegal 60.3 million CFA), Upper Volta
10.5 billion), and Ivory Coast (-2.3 billion).
Between June 1978 and June 1979 the overall negative balance of the
settlement of foreign accounts by the six members of the union was - 90.3
billion CFA, compared with'- 24.5 billion for the preceding 12 months.
The Ivory Coast suffered a particu:arly sub~tantial reverse (-72.2 billion
CFA compared with + 10 billion). Senegal was affected as well (-25.7
billion CFA as opposed to -12.4 billion). A relative improvement result-
ing from a halt in imports was recorded in Upper Volta (-5.4 billion CFA
as against -12.2 billion).
Between 30 June 1978 and 30 June 1979 internal loans rose by 251.1 billion
CFA (+29.4 percent). This growth is based on a lowering of the net
government loans and an additional demand for loans formulated by enter-
prises and private citizens. The net overall figure for the six countries
was 87.5 billion CFA at the end of June 1979 (as compared with 88.6
billion the previous year). On the internal financial level, Senegal and
Togo had respective debit positions of 21.1 billion CFA (+2.2 billion end
of June 1978) and 9 billion CFA (+3.7 billion). In Niger, revenues from
uranium exports are contributing to the prosperity of the public treasury
(+12.6 billion end of 1979).
On 30 June 1979 loans to the economy totaled 1 trillion 191 billion CFA,
. compared with 941 billion on 30 June 1978, or a 12 month increase of 26.5
percent, compared with 22.5 percent for the previous corresponding period. _
Additional requests for loans varied from state to state. A particularly
high acceleration was noted for Benin (+22.30 percent), Niger (+22.30 per-
cent) and Senegal (+42.80 percent, partially explainable by the require-
ments of the great increase in the production of peanuts compared with
the previous two tiarvests). In the three other countries the growth rate
' of loans diminished substantially totaling 23 percent in the Ivory Coast,
10.20 percent in Upper Volta, and 16 percent in Togo.
The money in circulation totaled 989 billion CFA at the end of June 1979,
_ compared with 852 billion at the end of June 1978 (+16 percent). Circula-
tion rose 23.60 percent in the Ivory Coast and 8.5 percent in Senegal.
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On 30 June 1979 private sector bank deposits totaled 500 bi:lion CFA,
- compared with 388 billion on 30 June 1978 (+28.8 percent as against 21.9
percent for [he preceding 12 month period). The Ivory Coast accounted
for 283 billion CFA of the total, while Senegal accounted for 121 6illion.
In the other states the amount of priva[e deposits ranped between 21 and -
29 billiorr CFA. .
As [o bank deposits by public agencies their overall total at the end of
June 1979 was 215 billion, compared wi[h 226 billion at the end of June
19~8.
Between June 1978 and June 1979 the total amount of loans refinanced by
the Central Bank rose from 21E billion CFA to 314 billion, corresponding
to 26.3 percent of the sum total of loans made to [he economy. Whereas
in the ivory Coast and Togo the contribution of the Central Bank to
financing the economy declined in the course of the period under con-
sideration, conversely, it rose in the +~our other members of [he union. -
OMVS: Cornerstone of the Diama Dam Laid _
Leopold-Sedar Senghor, president of Senegal, Moussa Traore, presiden[ of
Mali, and Lt Col Ould Haidalla, prime minister of Mauritania, laid on
12 December the cornerstone of the Diama Dam, one of the two projects to
be carried out by the Organizatior~ for the Development of the Senegal
River (UMVS).
President Senghor stressed that the corncrstone was also that of a"huge
complex of agroindustrial projects to be carried out over a 50 year
period," which will benefit some two million people in Senegal, Mali and
Mauri[ania.
The OMVS program which, in addition to the Diama Dam, includes that of _
Manantali, in Mali, was substantiall~ changed. Thus, after 15 years of
study, the Diama Dam has been reduced essentially to the function of
fighting ehe rise of saline water. Nevertheless, it will make it
possible to irrigate from 40,000 to 50,000 hectares. As eo the Manantali
Dam, the only one to be made of concrete, it will be built w:[th a view to
irrigating 350,OOU hectares of land and control the river. The production
of electric power (800 million kilowatt hours) was postFoned. _
The change,s made to the two projects were due, in the Diama case, to
technical considerations and, for Manantali, to problems of financing and
the need to undertake the work with already available funds, while look-
ing for the necessary financing for hydroelectric power equipment.
The construction of these dams, to be completed in six years, at a cost '
of a600 million, already has foreign finar~cing totaling $500 million, 49 -
percent of which Arab funds, 38 percent European, and 11 percent loaned
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by the African Development Bank, as follows: Saudi Arubia, $100 million;
FRG, $92 million; Kuwait, $75 million; France, $56 million; African
Development Bank, $52 million; Abou-Dhabi, $SO million; Italy, $24 million;
Islamic Development Bank, $20 million; European Development Fund, $19
million; Canada, $8.5 million; and Iran, ~4 million.
Finally, Lt Col Mohamed Khouma Ould Haidalla, Mauritanian prime minister
and acting president, pointed ou[ that tre organization was ooing to look
~
for additional financing from Libya "at a more favorable time."
~ New High Commissioner
The communique issued at the closing of the sixth summit conference of '
the OMVS on 11 December, in Saint-Louis, stated that Mokhtar Ould Haiba
(known as Cheibani Ould Haiba) had been appointed high commissiuner of
the OMVS with a four year mandate, replacing Amadou Aw, ~ahose mandate
expired on 17 December.
Mokhtar Ould Haiba, Mauritanian by nationality, with a degree in economics,
is working on his doctorate which deals precisely with the OMVS. M. V.
Haiba has already held a variety of positions in the Mauritanian govern-
ment (planning, finances and rural development).
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie., Paris, 1979
5177
CSO: 4400
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INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS
- FIUWCOPktONE COAM4l7NITY'S FUTURE DISCUSSED !
Paris MARCHES TROPICAU~ ET I~DITERRANEENS 28 Dec 79 pp 3656-3657
[TextJ In our issue of 21 December (page 3601) we pub-
lished the report of our special correspondent on the '
work of the Sixth General Conference of the ACCT [Cultur-
al and Technical Cooperation Agencyf. A qualified observ-
er who was present in Lome has sent us some reflections on
the future of the French speaking c~mmunity.
From Niamey, where it was created in 1970, to Lome, where it has just held its
Sixth General Conference, the ACCT has swept with its specific searchlight
over the countries that constitute the French speaking entity, from Canada to
Vietnam and From Belgium to Mauritius. The inside and outside light of each
of them is not of the same intensity, and the need to harmonize them carries
, with it some disturbance in the multiform currents that unite the different ;
members of the French speaking community. The Agency i~ the first, and for
the present the only intergovernmental organization that groups together the _
states having in common the use of the French language, entirely or partially.
To demonstrate the solidarity between them, many associations aiready exist,
covering the various sectors of intellectual or economic activity, but until
then there had been no initiatives of a private nature. Acting through the
Niamey Convention of 20 March 1970, the founders of the francophone association
decided to actualize the idea that the promotion and dissemination of national
cultures are a necessary step in the mutual knowledge and friendship of the
world's peoples.
Since,the Agency was organized and developed it has questioned itself and its
place in the French speaking structure. Those questions hung over the Lome
General Conference and were not all resolved in the capital of Togo, because ~ ~
- the participants found themselves in Paris for a new Extraordinary General Con- ~
ference in March 1980. ~
At the root of the concept and ~peration of the Agency two different perspec-
tives already stand out, according to which the approach is functional or po-
litical. In the former case it would be solely a cultural, scientific and ,
technical cooperaY.ion organism; in the latter, a meeting place where political ;
~ trends would be compared and eventually competitions of an economic nature :
would be demonstrated. It is this different vision of things that explains
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why oginion is generally found to be disconcerted in the face of the results
of the work of the Lome General Conference.
Through the three basic problems facing ~ne Agency one may objectively analyze
the data of the Francophone commi:.:.~*_~ and outline the contour of his hopes.
T;te Agency Structures
The ambiguity in the conception is found in the organization of the general -
secretariat which is the administrative apparatus of the ACCT. To assure re-
prese~itation for the various geo-political groups of the Francophone body,
and with the idea of arriving at a collegiality of decisions, it was decided
to place beside the secretary general, who is elected by the member countries -
as a a~hole, four other secretaries general, to be elected under the same cir-
cumstances. This is how the Nigerian professor, Dankoulodo Dan Dicko, ~rho
was elected secretary general in 1973 and reelected in 1377, came to be joined
with a Frenchman, a Belgian, a Canadian and a Tunisian. This formula for a
pluralistic direr_torate not having been satisfactory, there was a plan to re-
turn to a logical and realistic organization in which the search for effec-
tiveness would prevail over the subtleties of the political structure. The
Africa which is cor.cerned with having in the Agency a supplementary means of
solving its immense social problems lined itself up with this operating the- -
ory, which was also approved by Cartesian France. On the opposite side,
Belgium and Canada introduced the components of the national policy into the
�debates; in those countries the French speaking community is neither the only
one nor evsn the majority, and the federal government in Ottawa, like the
French speaking community of Belgium is looking, in a significant participa-
- tion that is as prestigious as possible, for institutions for the Francophone _
affirmation of an identity that serves as argumentation, not only abroad, but
in the interior of those countries.
Thus the dilemma before the members of the French speaking body~will be that
_ they have to find their solution in the Extraordinary General Conference in _
Paris. The advantage of the ACCT is that it offers a tribunal for open dis-
_ cussion, where everyone can bring his problems and see them taken anto consid-
_ eration by his peers.
The Ger~eral Conference decided upon the Agency's budgets for 1980 and 1980,
respectively, at 68,600,000 and 72,600,000 French francs. It approved the _
distribution of its activity programs among six sectors: dialog;.training;
education; publishing; culture and national languages; science; technology and
development [as published]. In addition, it selected a number of specific ac-
- tions that are to constitute a special development program financed by volun-
tary contributions. ~
There again, questions arose on what place should be reserved for actions fav-
oring development in the body of the Agency's programs. Many African states
- are petitioners on this account and are hoping that with the Agency they will
have available an additional source of financing. Although Canada is showing -
that it is disposed to commit itself that way, this is an implementation of
a concept of aid,to the Third World that is not very North American; North
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America believes everything can be settled with a few more dollars. With
the Canadian Agency for International Development (ACDI), the federal gov-
ernment has at its disposal considerable means for bilateral intervention;
- it sees in the Agency an additional means of intervention, similar to the
Commonwealth Fund, in which it participates, for Anglophone countries.
'1'here again we see the reappearance of a concern for equilibrium between two
internal communities. Midway of these two positions France, Lebanon, Tunisia,
Vietnam do not rule out the Agency participating in significant actions that
figure in the national development plans of its members, but on the condition _
that they do not distract it from its fundamenta~ purpose. ,
It must be seen that in fact a strictly cultural action cannot be separated
- from the general social and economic context. In that sense the Agency can
make a positive contribution to everything that is located upstream from eco-
nomic development: research, education, training. In addition, beyond the
daily problems of the standard of living and per capita income, it may be good
for all countries where problems of internal equilibrium come up--this is the ;
case especially for the African c~untries--to have available an institution
that provides the time and the means to reflect bn the most remote, but also
the most decisive objectives: the future of the culture, the language and
the national identities, in a word, the individuaTity. ~
In that regard, it may be necessary to be wary of reducing the international
dialog to the economic dimension alone; if this were to happen, the countries
of the Third World and Africa in particular would be doomed to being just e-
ternal petitioners, whereas in the dialog of cultures and the progress of sci- -
ence, they can make a positive contribution. One need only think of the
multiplicity of research structures that use their climatic and pedagogic
data.
'1'he Agency's Place in the Francophone Political Body
The 26 member states, the two associate states (Cameroon and Laos) and the two -
participating governments (Quebec and New Brunswick) of the Agency represent _
some 240,000,000 people. In Lome the General Conference heard two observers
sent by the kingdom of Morocco and the People's Republic of the Congo declare �
their countries' interest in the activities of the Francophone institutions.
'Phe representative of the Brazzaville goverr~nient expressed the hope that the
nature and interest of the Agency's activities would furnish its national
authorities tHe necessary elements for determining their attitude toward this '
institution of the French speaking community.
Three new members were admitted at their own request: a bilingual state, the '
New tlebrides; Creole speaking state whose dominant language is English,
Uominica�; and a Portuguese language state, Guinea-Bissau. '
'fhese declarations, as well as the new participations, show the political suc-
cess of the formula for dialog proposed by the Agency. And it is not impos-
sible that this new formula will take on a new dimension when the Francophone
. community project is outlined; this project was mentioned in the Togolese
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capital, during the General Conference debates as well as on the fringes of
the official work.
When all is said and done, the hopes placed in the French speaking community
and its concrete manifestation as constituted by the ACCT, are more important
than the minor problems of structure and effectiveness that were brought up
at Lome. The w}iole French speaking body is provinR its vitality and cohesion
- by agreeing that all the elements that go to make up the li.fe of its members
are to be reflected in its institutions, whether it be Canadian federalism,
Belgian bilingualism, Lebanon's dual civilization or the African countries'
political and economic evolution.
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Pari.s 1979
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INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS
UTAMA, MANAN'TALI DAM PROJECTS DL'SCRIBED
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET N~DITERRANEENS in French 14 Dec 79 p 3458 ~
[TextJ Construction of the Diama and Manantali Dams, the two most important ;
joint anti-drought projects for Mali, Mauritania and Senegal, is to start up
in 1980, Amadou Aw, OMVS (Senegal River Development Organization) high com-
missioner, indicated to the AFP on 4 December. According to Mr Aw the last
technical problems in realizing the dams were solved after a meeting in llakar
between the OMVS and the lenders of funds.
The problems chiefly concerned the Diama Dam, which is to be built in Senegal- '
ese territory, not far from the mouth of the river. The project has been re- :
duced, the participants in the meeting not having retained for the future dam
anything but its function of keeping the salt spit from rising and its irri-
gation function, construction of a 90-km dike and a 300-580-cubic-meter re- ;
servoir have been deferred. The cost of the project will be $132,000,000, !
and the laying of the first stone was to take place on 12 December in the pre- '
sence of the chiefs of state of the three member countries. ~
I
For the Mar.antali Dam, located in Mali, the only problem was to determilie its
dimension (height above the river bed). The lenders agreed with the OMVS to ;
set it at 208 meters. The Manantali Dam will make possible the irrigation of !
250,000 hectares of land and regulation of the river for navigation. The pro- ;
ject provides for construction of a reservoir for 11,000,000,000 cubic meters ~
of water. Its cost, without the hydro-electric improvements to be installed '
later for thP~ nroduction of 800,000,000 kilowatt hours, will be $470,000,000
(taking into account the monetary erosion). ;
Mr Aw also indicated that the procedure for mobilizing the necessary funds !
for completing the dams (approximately $600,000,000) is not yet completely set- ~
tled. For the present the available funds amount to $SOO,OOO,OG:~ and ~ ,
$100,000,000 remain to be found. '
_ Several countries and organizations are participating in financing the project:
Saudi Arabia ($100,000,000); FRG ($92,000,000); Kuwait `$75,000,000); Franc~ i
($56,000,000); a group from the African Development Banic ($52,000,000); ~
Abou Dhabi ($50,000,000); Italy ($24,000,000); Islamic Development Bank
~ i
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[$20,000,000); European Development Fund ($19,000,000); Canada ($8,500,000);
and Iran ($4,000,000).
The work on Diama can begin in the first half of next year, while work on
Manantali is scheduled f~r the end of the same year.
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie., Paris, 1979
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INTER-AFRICAN AFFAIRS
BRIEFS
CHAU REJOINING UDEAC--Representatives of the Nd'Jamena government clearly in- ;
formed the chiefs of state of the member countries of UDEAC [Customs and Eco- ~
nomic Union of Central AfricaJ (Cameroon, Central African Republic, the '
Congo and Gabon), at the UDEAC summit in Bangui on 11 and 12 December, that
_ Chad has decided to rejoin UDEAC. However, no official decision was taken.
They are waiting for the conclusions of the special committee in charge of
studying the implications of such a return. [Text] [Paris JEUNE AFRIQUE in
French 19 Dec 79 p 45] ~946
TANZANIAN SOLDIERS IN UGANDA--There might be more than 20,000 to 25,000 '
Tanzanian soldiers in Uganda. Reinforced by small contingents of Angolans
and Mozambicans, their immediate task is to form the Ugandese army and police.
It also seems that the Tanzanian authorities are hesitant to demobilize the -
- men who, on their return to the country, would swell the ranks of the unem-
nloyed. ~Text] [Paris JEUNE AFRIQUE in French 19 Dec 79 p 45J 8946 ~
~ACKO 5L'~KS MOROCCAN GUARD--David Dacko has asked the Rabat government to ;
supply him with a personal guard. The Central African president is thus fol- ,
_ lowing the example of the Zairean chief of state, Mobutu Sese Seko, and the
Gabonese chief of state, Omar Bongo, whose close guard zs essentially made up
of Moroccans. [Text] [Paris JEUNE AFRIQUE in French 19 Dec 79 p 45] 8946
UACKO THANKS SENEGALESE MAGISTRATE--A message of thanks was sent by President
David Dacko to the Senegalese magistrate, Youssoupha Ndiaye, who directed the
African observation mission in the Central African Republic during the
Bokassa reign. The message was transmitted on 8 November by the Central
African minister of Planning and Cooperation and the ambassador to Senegal.
Youssoupha Ndiaye was invited at the same time to make a visit of friendship -
to Bangui, "when calm has completely returned." [TextJ [Paris JEUNE AFRIQUE ,
in French 19 Dec 79 p 46] 8946
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ANGOLA
OIL MINISTER ANALYZES PRODUCTION, FOREIGN CONCESSIONS
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 14 Dec 79 pp 3478, 3479
[Article: "In the Oil Sector: Toward a Twofold Increase in Production
Between Now and 1985"~
[Text] In an interview with ANGOP [ANGOLAN PRESS AGENCY], Jorge Morais,
_ Angolan minister of petroleum, indicated that Angola's production should
more than double in the next 5 years and reach 20 million tons a year.
Crude oil production is slated to total some 9 million tons in 1979.
Indeed, it is agreed that Angola will henceforth benefit from large i
investments, not only in the field of exploration but also as regards
refining and petrochemicals.
Surveying the data and prospects for the next 5 years ("To go beyond 1985 _
would be no more than speculation"), the minister detailed the situation
in effect in the three principal basins: Cabinda, the Congo basin, and
the Cuanza basin.
Cabinda: The discovery of new "offshore" oilfields in Cabinda (Takula,
Kambala, and Livuite), whose production will be added to those of Malongo,
will make it possible in 1983 to exceed 150,000 barrels a day. Only ona-
third of Cabinda's reserves has been explored offshore where secondary
recuperation pro~ects, through the in~ection of gas, are planned.
- But onshore explorations in Cabinda ha~ve also disclosed ma~or potentials
that are perhaps among the best pruspects on land in Angola, Jorge Morais
feels. Several companies are interested in exploration while SONANGOL
[Angolan National Oil Company] is getting ready to begin ita efforts in a
few months.
Congo baein: The production of Black 2 ahould reach 30,000 barrels a day
in 1980 and 50,000 barrels a day in the following year because of the
- discoveries made in this best-known block for which the concession was
asaigned to Texaco. In the minister's opinion, however, production will .
increase threefold or perhaps fourfold in 3 or 4 years thanks to the
- Cuntala, Etele, and Essungo fields. "Today, the gas reserves of the Lua
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and Etele fields are estimated at nearly 200 billion cubic meters," 3orge
� Morais asserted.
But the Congo basin also has large potentials on~hore, he added, specifying
that authorized production in this field is 37,000 barrels a day.
- Thanks to projects which are slated to get under way immediately for
secondary recuperation (gas and water injection at Quiguila and water -
injection at Pangala), 80,000 barrels c::uld be attained in the first _
quarter of 1980.
Cuanza basin: This basin, the oldest and the best known, presently produces
10,000 barr-.is a day and work is now in progress to maintain this output -
for 3 or 4 more years, the minister told ANGOP.
While Angola is known as an oil-producing country its facilities in that .
field are new, embryonic, and beset by "structural defects," the minister -
noted. The principal goal is thus "to endow the country with structures
able to restore its oil-producing potentials, maximize revenues, but also
contribute to a higher standard of living for Angolans" as well as to the ~
"materialization of the advent of socialism."
Adoption of New Types of Agreements
Pursuing his interview, the Angolan Minister of Petroleum indicated that
the decision taken by the Angolan authorities to grant only limited '
concessions to the oil-producing companies meets a need to maximize state _
revenues rapidly.
The concession of offshore blocks of 2,000 square km has as its fundamental
goal to rapidly improve the country's potentials so that it may benefit
from revenues when it needs them and not as a function of planning by
foreign companies, Jorge Morais said in essence.
The government, owner and concessionaire of all equipment bought or ;
unloaded in an Angolan port, wishes,through the national SONANGOL company, '
to remain the decision-making center and beneficiary of the oil finds.
According to the terms of the agreements recently drawn up and signed by
~ Angola, the foreign company itself invests in concessions. "If it
discovers nothing it pulls back and for it tHis is a risk that it has to .
take," the minister said.
In the case that oil is discovered production is divided into two parts
one of which goes to the entrepreneur who thus recoups his investment
while the other is paid into the coffers of the Angolan state. "The _
sharing can begin on a basis of 70 fox one and 30 for the other, that is, -
the foreign entrepreneur, but as production increases Angola`s share rises '
to reach 95 percent," Minister Morais continued. ,
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Furthermore, Angola has included in newly signed contracts a clause that -
foreign companies accept only with reticence and which, according to some _
Angolan sources, is completely new. The clause states that "to avoid that
price increases should benefit only the companies and not the state," a `
limited price will be set so that Angola may profit fxom these increases
first, the company having to limit itself "to a fair compensation for its
- work." All companies wishing to operate in Angola will have to accept this
principle, the minister added.
Three agreements were signed this year between Angola and Texaco, Total, -
and ELF-Ac~uitaine [Gasoline and Lubricants Company of France-Aquitaine].
No other agreement will be signed before 1980 despite "the desire e~ressed
by some companies," the minister said. Exxon. British Petroleum, and Mobil _
Oil Company are included among the latter, it is said in Luanda.
As regards marketing, Angola is casting an attentive eye on the Libyan
example about which the Minister of Petroleum declared that "whoever wishes
- to purchase our oil must invest in our country." Also, "this is one way
_ to wrest our country from underdevelopment by uaing oil," Jorge Morais
stressed.
For him the future is characterized by an increasingly greater imbalance
between supply and demand, with short periods of stablilization in what is
- a "sellers' market."
- The setting of a price by oil-producing countries, whether they are members
- of OPEC or not (Angola is not a member), is a way of "defending oneself
against the inflation exported by the West and the deprPciation of the
dollar." Furthermore, "this is an initiative which the multinational
corporations are losing and is becoming a privilege of the oil-producing
countries," Minister Jorge Morais concluded.
Let us note that Angola has d_vided its coastal area into 12 concessions.
The Gulf Oil Corporation (United States), PETRANGOL [Angola Petroleum
Company] (with Belgain and Angolan capital~), Texaco (United States), and
Total and ELF (French companies) have signed agreements with Angola. Gulf
Oil and PETRANGOL started to produce oil many years ago, the American
- company alone extracting more than 100,000 barrels a day in the Cabinda
enclave.
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie., Paris, 1979
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ANGOLA -
INCREAS~ll ECONOr1IC TIES NITH }iRAZIL
Paris MARCHES TRUPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 21 Dec 79
p 3639
~ext] Observers in Luanda think that Angola and Brazil have
established such economic ties, th~,t the latter is tending
to become one of Angola's main suppliers.
Although it is difficult to give an exact figure on the trade
between the two countries, it seems, in fact~ that Brazil has
sold more than ~350 million to Angola in the f orm of services
spread out over several years or directly consuma,ble food-
stuffs.
' Thus the state stores "people's stores" are packed With
Brazilian products, up to "U Mosteiro ~~nastery]~" wine,w~ile
Brazilian firms sometirt~es siqn important contracts with
Angola,n authorities. Thus the observers notice that the Sisal
Company has won a contract foz~ =210 million which commissions
it to remodel the largest hotels in Luanda and a few others ,
in the provinces.
Another contract which ex~ires at the end of December requires
Brazil to continuously supply food products f or npeople's
stores." This contract amounts to i45 million.
Accordinq to some sources, the visit of tne Angolan Minister
of Domestic Trade, Carlos Alberto Van Dunhem, who has just
~one to Brazil, should allow the renewal o~ this contract.
Finally, a Brazilian company has sold Angola 100 railroad
cars. They were assembled completely at Luanda and Lubango,
in plants which remained intact, with the aid of Angolan
workers, supervised by Brazilian technicians.
- In addition, a Brazilian shipyard is no~r building ~ishing
boats for Angola, whose estimated cost is ~30 million.
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AFP writes Angola only began its "honeymoon" with Bre,zil in
early 1979. The same language, Portuguese, traditions, end
sometimes people of thP same stock--me,ny Angolans were carried
to Hrazil, especially in the northeastern region, during the _
period oP slavery--do not explain this rapprochement com-
pletely. _
A technology which is well adapted to AYrican conditions, a _
desire Por an economic overture towards the Third World, which
is a choice market for their products, and finally the ~riend-
ly welcome which Angola reserves for their fellow countrymen
- also are causing Bra.zilian industrialists to gravitate toWards
this country.
It is true that Brazil was one of the first xestern countries
to recognize the People's Bepublic of Angola. And since the
beginnin~ of 1975, Brazil opened a"special representation"
in Luanda, in addition to its consulate. This representation
became a completely separate embassy on 11 November of the -
same year, the date of inaependence.
Finally Brazil had also opened a~50 million "line oY credit"
fo~ Angola in 1976, which was to be increased by i30 million _
2 years later.
COPYRIGHT: 8ene Moreux et Cie Paris 1979
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ANGOLA
FRENCH POSITION, WISH FOR EXPANDED ECONOMIC RELATIONS DESCRIBED
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 14 Dec 79 p 3478
[Article: "Without Reneging on Its Marxist-Leninist Options Angola Is
Tightening Its Economic Links with the [lest"]
[Excerpts] The French Foreign Trade Center [CFCE] took the initiative to
organize, on 7 December 1979, a half-day informational meeting on the
People's Republic of Angola in which Jacques Rigaud, France's cornmercial
attache in Luanda, J. J. Schwab, manager of the textiles department of
Creusot-Loire Enterprises, and G. Andreoli, representative of the National
Bank of Paris, participated. There were many representatives from the
private and public sectors who attended that meeting, thereby evidencing a
thirst for informa.tion which is explained by the fact that the economic
prospects of the young republic and the possibilities offered to French
firms are little known.
Yet France--precisely thanks to the economic development which it has
instituted, which is much better supplied in terms of skills and personnel
than the analogous services of other Western countries, and which is
playing an irreplaceable assistance role--seems much less short of
informational material on Angola than most of its European neighbors,
undoubtedly with the exception of Portugal which can make comparisons or
extrapolations on the basis of its files from the colonial period kept by
Lisbon. It is within this framework that it is necessary to review the
communications made to the CFCE on 7 December 1979, which we have the
intention to analyze briefly here, even to complete with the help of our
own information.
Governed by young leaders (the average age is in the order of 32 to 35
+ years), Angola today is still experiencing the s~equels of a war of
liberation folZowed by internal conflict which is not over.
These difficulties result in the fact tliat the economic evolution of
Angola, despite all the potentials of that country, has been disappointing::~'
these last few years. The only two sectors which are doing well, after a
drop that it was possible to make up, are those of oil and diamonds. The
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agricultural sector saw a distinct decline (coffee, cotton, sugar, corn,
and vegetable oils). Industry has not retrieved its former level, to such
a point that there is surplus hydroelectric production in the country.
Even though 1978 was decreed as the "Year of Agriculture," Angola is
presently obliged to import the major portion of the food items consumed
by its population of 6 million.
The products and equipment--and here it is not only agriculture that is
involved--were of essentially Western origin before independence (from the _
United States or Europe by way of Portuguese businesses). After
independence the juxtaposition or replacement of these products and
equipment with supplies from the East has not always been auspicious. The -
Angolan leaders, without denying in any way their socialist options, have
evidenced pragmatism and, for about a year now, have made a certain number f
of economic openings to the West to which it is not at all imp~ssible that
the Cubans and Soviets should have given their blessing (for their interest
is obviously to be able to pro~ect to the rest of the world the image of an
Angola which is "doing well" rather than of an Angola which is "doing
" badly").
The various economic missions (oil, banking, and so on) undertaken by
Angolan leaders or senior Angolan officials in the Western countries these
past few months are striving to open up the situation. The possibility of
establishing joint companies should make it possible to absorb Western
technology and seems in Luanda the best way to train cadres (1979 is the
"Year of Cadres Training"). Angola is purchasing transportation equipment
(Leyland, Volvo, Berliet), airplanes, and helicopters to overcome the
difficulties of its internal transportation. It ordered the completion by
Creusot-Loire of the Africa-Textil [African Textile Company] plant in
Benguela whose construction, begun before independence, had not been
completed.
What can France do in this context? The flow of its exports has been very
irregular these past few years. Dropping after independence, it rose in
1977 but fell again in 1978 (the Kolwezi affair). It was reactivated this
year [1979]. These exports represented 162 million French francs in 1977 -
and 126 million in 1978. In 1979 French export estimates envision 180
million francs and in 1980, 500 million francs (that is, an order of
magnitude close to that of French sales to Congo or Zaire.) French imports
of Angolan products have been low and have tended to drop. The rate of
coverage [for France] is very high (more than 900 percent for the first -
half of 1979). The import-to-export imbalance threatens to raise problems.
France's advantages in Angola are of various kinds: There is no real
language barrier; French products are familiar, even in the field of
capital goods; in the operations that it has effected with Angola France
has not had setbacks; it can continue to benefit from the absence of some
of its competitors (the United States does not have a diplomatic -
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represen~tative in Luanda, the Federal Republic o� Germany h~s ~ust now
gotten one, while Britain is embarrassed by the Rhodesian affair). The air
link established by the UTA [Air Tranaportation Union--France] is of
crucial importance. k'inally, last but not least, the assistance offered by
the commercial section of the French embassy (Edificio Presidente, Largo 4
de Fevereiro, 3-4, Sala 441, CP 5609, Luanda; telephone 72-458 and 72-967;
telex, Comatta 3327 AN; cable address, Comatta) is priceless. All the
businessmen who have been to Angola in the past few years can testi,�y to it
_ if there were any need.
For the future it would be desirable that the tightening of the bonds
between Angola and France be concretized by the visit to Luanda of a top-
level French official similar to what Belgium has done with the trip of
Henri Simonet [minister of foreign affairs]. -
To conclude, let us recall a certain number of practical facts that it is
_ appropriate to know in the realm of business: The kindness of Angolans is
such that they often say "yes" in cases where a Frenchman would say
- "maybe," "yess but," or even "no, but." The Angolan interlocutor is not
always the one who decides, the definitive stage of agreements being an
examination by a committee. In the field of imports the National Bank of
Angola always has an input. For 1980 it is estimated that an import plan
will not nnly be drawn up but also made public. ,
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie., Paris, 1979
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ANGULA
BRIEFS
GUV~:I~NMENT APPOINTM~;NTS DETAILED--A communique published by
the off ices of. the Presidency of the Republic reports appoint-
ments within the framework of a reorganization. Jose Eduardo
~ dos Sant~s, president of the RPA ~ngolan People's Republi~
appointed as his stafP chief Asuncao Afonso de Sousa dos
Anjos, who was sta~f chief ef the Ministry of Planning until
now. On the other hand, the communique indicates that the -
Angolan Ambassador to the 5oviet Union, Carlos Antonio -
Fernandes is to become secretary of foreign affairs in this
new cabinet. Finally Julio Guilherme Guerra has been ap-
pointed chie~' of the Protocol Department; Domingos Van Dunem
held this pust until now. Jaime Madalena and Fernando Costa
Andrade "Ndunduma" will at present be respectively secretary
for le~al affairs and inf ormation secretary. The communique
does not indicate the fu~ure position of the f ormer secretary
of President Jose Agostinho Neto. ~ext7 ~aris MAftCHES
- TROPICAUX FT riEDITE~R,RANEENS in French 21 Dec 79 p 36387 8490
PRESSURES UN BRAZIL TKADE--The trip to Brazil at the end of
Navember, beginning of December of Carlos Alberto Yan Dunham,
minister of home trade, which we mentioned above, was shrouded _
- in contradictory reports about the pressures which had al-
legedly been exercised on Angola to avoid a rapprochement
with Brazil. According to the Brazilian newspaper 0 ESTAUD
DU SAO PAULO of 4 December, which quoted "sources close" to
the Brazilian minister ofl f oreign affairs, these pressures
reportedly came from the Soviet Union and Cuba. The day be-
fore, the An~olan minister had in fact referred to this prob-
lem of "pressures" but had refused to pinpoint their origin,
limiting himself. to saying that thQy came from various coun-
tries and "many sides." On 5 December, Carlos Alberto Van
' llunhem declared that no socialist country had pressured the
Angolan government to avoid a rapprochement with Brazil. On
the same day, 0 LSTADO DO SAO PAULO reported Van Dunhem's
denial and indicated that the pressures involved reportedly -
came from western enterprises, especially from the United
States, Switzerland and Denmark which are complaining about
the competition of Brazilian firms in An ola, particularly in
the hotel business and foodstuffs ~ext~ ~aris MAR~HES
TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 21 Dec 79 p 363~] 8490
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COUNTRY SECTION BENIN
INTERNAL INFIGHTING DESCRIBED
Paris JEUNE AFRIQUE in French 19 Dec 79 p 44
[Article by Francois Soudan: "Tallyho On The Leftists;" passages enclosed in
slantlines printed in italicsJ
[Text] While the revolution is becoming "institutionalized,"
the infighting among clans becomes wor;se.
The first general election to take place in Benin since the October 1972 coup,
occurred on Tuesday 20. Running on a single ticicet, the 336 people's co~is-
sioners (members of the future National Revolutionary Assembly) were elected
without any surprise: the red ballots ("yes") accounted for 97.5 percent of
the votes; abstentions were negligible. For all that, must we conclude with _
Martin Dohou Azonhiho, minister of national orientation who is often represent-
ed as the regime's ideologist, that /"Making history, the people expressed
their opinion broad-mindedly and freely"/? Actually, in Benin as elsewhere, the
high rate of electoral participation is a sort of illusion. The mobilization of
"popular masses" is effective only on election day.
To be sure, the theme of the first regular PR}.'~ (People's Revolutionary Party of
Benin) congress which was ~ield from 13 to 19 November centered on "criticism"
and "self-criticism." flowever, beyond the stat~~ments of purpose, the crises
which divide intellectuals, civil ~ervants, military, students and unionists
~ look very much like the fights among political factf.ons and conflicts among
clans.
In this respect, the speech delivered on Tuesday 13 November, the C~ngress'
opening day, by Matthieu Kerekou is significant. It was a lengthy and virulent
diatribe during which the "great comrade-in-arms," backed by Mao and Lenin,
attacked the /"InFantile opportunists, adventuristic divisionists and the
leftists who infiltrated our ranks."/
What heartbreaks are hidden behind the violent words? When Matthieu Kerekou
and his friends assumed power, most of the civilians sided with them. At least,
the civilians who "countpd," the peasant masses being, then as now, kept away from
all decisions. However, the first quarrels appeared very early: the bourgeoisie ~
2L~
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"dropped" Kerekou and even tried to overthrow him; the young people and the ~
unionists turned to Captain Michel Aikpe, minister of the interior, wh4 was
shot down in 1975. The honeymoon was over. Only a nucleus of pro-Soviet ,
orthodox Marxists-Leninists--those who are called /"leaguers"/ (most of them ;
ulci-time members of the National League of Patriotic Youth, an organization ,
created in 1968)--continued to support the military team. This nucleus ~:~hich
represents the interests of a well-defined and, in Benin, overcrowded social
class made up of the radicalized low- and middle-income civil servants, imparted ~
its current course to domestic policy: a centralism based on the concept of a '
state-controlled revolution. _
However, the "rank and file masses" being definitely smaller, the authorities '
had to "open" the debate slightly; promise, in a vague future, to let civilians
have a hand in government; and organize elections. These represents so many ,
. "openings" which young "FUDists" (regrouped within the United Democratic Front,
FUD, prior to 1975) used to their advantage. These FUDists were secondary
school and university students and the unemployed who had supported Michel Aikpe ,
- whose harum-scarum activism and anarchist unionism had captivated tl~em. Their
program: the revolution must be carried out by the rank and file, not the ~
higher-ups; peasant soviets must be increased at village levels; and the leader- ~
- ship must be kept away from the pragmatist elements whom they call /~'rightist,"/ i-
like Colonel Barthelemy Ohouens, minister of industry and handicrafts, or Amidou I
Baba-Moussa, governor of the Beninese Development Bank (BBD) and close adviser of I
Matthieu Kerekou. ~
As acknowledged by Kerekou himself during the congress, they succeeded in control- I
ling many basic organizations, particularly the CDRs (Committees for the Defense ~
of the Revolution) and GARs (Revolutionary Action Groups). A more serious ;
request is their insistant demand that the military leave power. Whence,
undoubtedly, Matthieu Kerekou's violent reaction during his inaugural speech (they
are.the ones whom the chief of state called /"infantile leftists"/); whence,
also, the "extended-hand" policy which led Beninese leaders to increase the -
number of Political Bureau members from 7 to 13, with the military now.in the I
minority. '
~
COPYRIGHT: Jeune Afrique GRUPJIA 1979 ~
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~
GAMBIA
BADEA APPROVES AIRPORT EXPANSION LOAN
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 14 Dec 79 p 3460
[TextJ At the close of its 15th session held on 1-2 December in Khartoum,
the Arab Bank for African Economic Development (BADEA) approved a loan of
$5.2 million to Gambia for expansion of the Yundum airport. The BADEA
loan, repayable over a period of 15,years at an annual interest rate of
5 percent and with a 2-year period of grace, is to cover 40 percent of the
total cost of the project, to which financial aid has already been given
by: the Saudi Fund ($1.9 million), the Abu Dhabi Fund ($1.5 million), the -
Special OPEC Fund ($1.3 million), Great Britain ($1 million) and the Gambian
Government ($1.34 million).
Gambia has no air transport company, but it does have an international air-
port at Yundum, built in order to prevent the country from having to depend
= on the Dakar airport, inasmuch as it is practically enclosed by Senegalese
territory. The facilities at the Yundum air~iort have turned out to be in- -
adequate due to the pressure of growing traffic (5 percent yearly over the
first 3 years), mainly resulting from expansion of the tourist industry.,
It was within this framework that the government adopted a program of devel-
opment and modernization of the airport, a program divided into phases.
The current project, representing the third phase of the program, consists
of the following work: expansion of the runway (from 2',850 to 3,600 meters)
and accessways, the supplying of navigation equipment and the construction
of buildings and other facilities.
These modifications will enable the Yundum airport to accommodate practically
all types of planes and to serve as a technical stop for long runs between
Africa and the United States and Europe and South America, which will re-
sult in considerable revenue. In addition, it is thought that opening the
airport to large cargo planes will substantially stimulate tourist travei,
particularly from the United States, and consequently, activities directly
or indirectly linked to t~urism, jobs, and foreign exchange resources.
- Estimates of the project's internal profitability rate are on the order of
17 percent.
Work is under the supervision of the Ministry of Public Works and should:be
completed in about 8 months.
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie., Paris, 1979
17.,464 26
n. i, i. nn nnn nrnn-rnT . r r.r.,~, n�+,.
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cuiHLA
PROTEST AGAINST FRENCH ALLEGATIONS OF HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS
Paris AFRIQUE-ASIE in French 10 Dec 79 p 38
[Excerpts] Following a number of articles that appeared in the French press
and several African newspapers telling of the arrest in Conakry, between 16
and 21 August, of Guineans who had returned to their country, the Association
of Guinean Nationals in France (ARGF) published a formal denial and a vehe-
ment protest.
"In March 1977," the ARGF states, "Guinea invited all of its sons residing
outside the country to return, at the same time pardoning those who had sin-
ned.
"The new defamation campaign alunched against Guinea by various small groups,
is aimed on the one hand at rechallenging the Guinean policy of openness and
cooperation, on the other hand at creating a cliraate of fear in the Guinean
community abroad. It is well understood that the principal objective pursued
by these enemies unrelentingly is the overthrow of the progressive Guinean re-
gime, which is still a bone caught in the throat of international imperialism,
which has not been able to swallow it."
After formally denying "as devoid of any foundation" the news denounced above,
the Association concludes: "Many Guineans have returned to their country and
been very happy about it. Many others are preparing to return; no campaign of
brainwashing and intimidation will stop this trend, which is now irreversible. _
Too bad about tlusse~~rho feel offended by such an atmospherp of detente.11
For its part the Guinean Press Agency protested vigorously in three responses
to the AFP, which had reproduced these detractors' accusations against the
new campaign aimed at creating obstacles to the projected official visit of
Presidc.,~t Ahmed Sekou Toure to Paris.
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1979
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GUINEA ~
AYEKOYE ALUMINUM, KONKOURE DAM PROJECTS GIVEN PRIORITY
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET I~DITERRANEENS in French 14 Dec 79 p 3461 .
[Text] Guinea is going to give priority to its Ayekoye Aluminum project and
- wants to accelerate completion of the Konkoure hydro-electric dam, as 3ndi-
cated by a communique broadcast by Radio Conakry after a meeting of the Polit-
buro of the Democratic Party of Guinea.
The Ayekoye project, which includes Guinea and several Arab partners,,is to
make possible exploitation of a deposit of 500,OOa,000 tons of bauxite in
northwest Guinea, with a view to production of 1,200,000 tons of alumina and
secondly, 150,000 tons of aluminum per year.
This production Will require a large amount of energy, which Guinea hopes to
find with the building of the Konkoure hydro-electric dam. For this reason,
_ both projects--Ayekoye and Konkoure--are consic~ered integrated projects in
Conakry.
The Konkoure River complex is to include two dams, at Souapiti and Amaria.
Konkoure's file was filed as far as the French were concerned at the time of
Guinea'~s independence. Studies done by the USSR in 1965 and then by Italy
had no results. The question was on the agenda for the Giscard d'Estaing-
Sekou Toure talks when the French president visited Guinea in December 1978.
On 3 March 1979 Guinea entrusted the EDF [French Electric Company] with a new
study.
The results of that study, which was completed in July, would be encouraging, _
considering the present price of energy, because the financing estimate it
contains does not exceed $1,000,000,000; this swn is considered the standard
beyond which some lenders of funds might have t;n reluctant. For that price
it will be possible to produce more than double the quantity of energy provi.ded
for by the 1~58 plan (300 mw [megawatts], because of the evolution of.technol-
ogy.
Among the Arab countries interested in the combined Ayekoye-Konkoure projects
(tvhich will be added to the deposits already being exploited), two of them,
. Saudi Arabia and Libya, have already promised first payments of $100,000,000
and $50,000,000 respectively.~
COPYRIGHI: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1979
- 8946 28
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GUINEA
BRIEFS
� NEW ARCHBISHOP--The Guinean Catholic Church, which has only 50,000 faithful
out of the country's 5,000,000 inhabitants, has a new archbishop in Conakry
in the person of Monsignor Robert Sarah, who was enthroned on 8 December be-
fore many members of the Guinean government. Monsignor Robert Sarah, who is
34, studied in Guinea, in France, in Senegal, in Rome and in Jerusalem. Oz~-
- dained to the priesthood on 20 July 1969, he was a teacher and parish priest -
in Conakry before being appointed last 23 August to the post of archbishop
by Pope John~Paul II. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET N~DITERRANEENS in
French 14 Dec 79 p 3461] 8946
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MALI
- BRIEFS
BADEA ROAD CONSTRUCTION LOAN--The Arab Bank for African Economic Development -
_ (BADEA) on 2 December granted $10,000,000 in financial aid to Mali, to enable
it to finance the development of an important branch of the Trans-Saharan
Road, some 556 km. The Trans-Saharan Road is one of the five important com-
munications projects identified by the Economic Commission for Africa (ECA)
and is considered to be the backbone of the African international road system.
The section financed by BADEA in Mali concerns the Gao-Mopti connection by
way of Sevare. The total cost of the work is $78,600,000. [Excerpts] -
[Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX Et 1~DITERRANEENS in French 14 Dec 79 p 3461J 8946
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MOZArIBI QUE
BRIEFS
ECONOMIC COOPERATION WITH JAPAN--Japan signed an economic
cooperation agreement with the People's Republic of Moze~mbique
on 29 November. The signing took place at the end of the
6 day visit to Mozambique of a Japanese.delegation led by the
assistant director of the food division of the Japanese Minis-
try of Agriculture, Forestry aad Fishing, Kimio T~,mai. The
latter, who had conversations with the Mozambican director
- for international cooperation, Antonio Matos and oPficials of
the Ministry o~ Planning and Foreign Trade also approved a,n
agreement concluded last September between Japan and
Mozambi ue regarding the delivery of 1 695 tons oY rice.
~ex~ ~aris MA~tCHES TROPICAUX ET MED~TERRAN~:ENS in French
21 Dec 79 p 363,~/ 8490
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NArQBIA
FRANCE DISGOURAGES INVESTMENTS IN NAI~IIBIA
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 7 Dec 79 p 3412
[Text] In reply to an inquiry addressed in writing by Mr Alain Vivien,
PS [Socialist Party] deputy, regarding the "activities pursued by
French interests, whether private, public, or under the control of the
Ministry of Industry," Mr Jean Francois-Poncet, minister of foreign
affairs, makes this statement, among others, in reply (JOURNAL OFFICIEL
[Official Journal], National Assembly debates of 10 November 1979):
"The steps taken by the government are strict and precise: the
'Compagnie francaise d'assurance pour le commerce exterieur' [French
Insurance Company for Foreign Trade] refusea to guarantee operationa
regarding Namibia, and applications for licensea to inveat in that
territory are being refused.
"These steps, whose scop~ and effectiveness cannot be denied, clearly
show the government's determination noC to promote French busineas
activities in Namibia in any way until that territory gains its
independence under conditions acceptable on an international level.
"The government has indeed apoken in favar of Namibia's accession Co
independence through free electiona under UN supervision and control
in accordance with resolution No 385 adopted by the Security Council
An 30 January 1976. On that basis, France, together with four other
nations (United States, United Kingdom, the PRG and Canada), makes an
active contribution to the preparation for a settlement of the
Namibian issue."
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paria 1979
11936
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NAMIBIA
,
OPPOSITION VOICED TO EXPORTS OF ROESSING URANIUM
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET 1~DITERRANEENS in French 14 Dec 79 p 3477
[Text] The extreme-left Parisian daily LIBERATION recenCly waged a ,
campaign against western companies mining uranium in Roessing, Namibia.
The da~ly asserts that the Roessing mining is done by companies origi- ~
nating in Great Britain, Canada, South Africa and France. The company
operating on France's behalf is Minatome, whose capital is owned by
Pechiney-Ugine-Kuhlman (50 percent) and by Compagnie francaise dee i
petroles (SO.percent). Company headquarters confirms that Minatome is ~
a 10 percent participant in Roesaing mining, where annual production is I
5,000 tons of uranium (France's annual production: 3,400 tona). ,
Roesaing uranium, LIBERATION also reported, is routed to France by UTA ;
airlines to a reprocessing plant located near Narbonne, and then sold '
to the FRG, the Netherlands, Great Britain and France (to Electricite de ;
~
France, among others). `
That exportation, the daily points out, is contrary to the UN recommeada-
' tion of 24 September 1974 declaring in particular, that "no organized ~
entity may mine or export any natural resource located within ;
Namibia's territorial boundaries." '
Following that campaign, the UTA management reported that the contract ~
according to which the company had been transporting uranium from
- Namibia to France had been terminated, and that the product mined in ~
Roeasing would henceforth be shipped by sea. i
The AFP then announced that the "Compagnie maritime des chargeura reunie"
[Maritime Company of United Carriere] was already transporting Roeseing i
uranium from Walvis Bay harbor.
. i
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1979 ~
I
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. NIGER -
BRIEFS
INCREASED EFFORT IN EDUCATION--Niger President Seyni Kountche, who has ~ust -
completed a tour of the interior lasting several days, spoke on 9 December
and announced an increased effort in the field of education in order to -
accelerate the country's development and make school "truly profitable for
everyone." Hav ing noted in the cour$e of his visits the difficulties faced
by provincial schools (lack of teachers), President Kountche said that
priority will be given to teacher training. For this purpose, a particular
effort will be made on behalf of the University of Niamey's Liberal Arts
School, the second phase of whose construction will begin in a few days,
"no matter what the cost." The Niger Government has also decided to set
up a center of pedagogy and work will begin in 1980. Finally, speaking
about the introduct~on of national languages into education, Colonel Kount-
che said that as long as the country does not have teachers in the field,
it will be useless to make any reforms in that direction. [Text] [Paris
MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 14 Dec 79 p 3463] 11,464
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RHODESIA
- ECONOMY SEEN AS IMPROVING, BECOMING MORE COMPETITIVE
Paris MARCHES TROPIGAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 28 Dec 79 p 3693
[Article: "The Rhodesian Economy at the Close of 1979"] -
[TextJ Reports fran the REUTr'~t news agency recently noted that buainessmen
in Salisbury are optimistic and project in 1980, for the first time since
1974, a growth in the GNP [Gross National Product] expressed in real terms.
The economic analysis departments of local banks expect, especially thanks
to agricultural yields, a growth of 15 to 20 percent in the GDP [Groas
Domeatic Product] at market prices as against annual inflation which is
anticipated to hit 14 percent in 1980 compared to 12 percent in 1979.
According to the Standard Bank, Rhodesian exports reportedly totaled $R
[Rhodeaian dollars] 600 million in 1979 wh~reas importa represented $R 420
- million (one Rhodesian dollar equals 6.21 French francs).
In the bank's opinion the lifting of sanctions will entail a grov;th of from
15 to 20 percent in the value of Rhodesian exports. It similarl~/ expects
a rise of at least 5 percent in the cost of imports, taking into account
the higher price of oil products. But this hike should not prevent a rise
of some $R 150 million in revenuea originating fran foreign trade. A liberal- _
ization of imports (controlled by the public authorities) would thus be
posaible. It would benefit primarily capital equipment.
The Standard Bank also notea that even a growth rate of between 3 and 4 percent
in 1980 will not allow making up for the general drop in the etandard
of living eince 1974, a downslide following that of the Gross National Product.
A riae of fran 5 to 8 percent would be necessary in 1981 to return to the 1974
level.
Blocked Aseets
The Bank of England gave the authorization in mid-December 1979 to repatriate
to Rhodesia all the funds blocked in Britain since 1965 (pensions, dividends,
wages, ~nd so on).
35
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In contraet, the Rhodeeian Government, aupporCed incidentally by local
econ anists, refused to a11ow the funds b3ocked in Rhodesia (made up
especially of accumulated dividende of nonresidential atockholders) fram
being f reely repatriated.
Theee funda are eatimated to total at least $R 250 million, not to epeak ~
of amounts due on account of loans granted to the goverrnnent before 1965
(notably, for the Kariba dam), which total $R150 million.
i
It is obvious that the immediate repatriation of theee funds would burden ~
considerably the operation of Rhodeaian financea, heavily indebted by i
the war. A spokesman of the Ministry of Finance in Salisbury declared
recently that the outflaas of blocked capital would be authorized ae
soon as the coneolidated of the Rhodeeian balance of payments would allow
it.
Such a development as weli as that which is enviaioned for the national -
econany naturally depends on the atabilization of Rhodesian political
life. The danger which can arise as soon as the independence of Zimbabwe
occurs is twofold: A civil war or radical~zation leading to major econanic ,
upsets . ~
South Africa Expects a Reinforcement of Ita Role Ae Intermediary
"Nearly a11 Rhodesian trade will have to uae the ports, roads, and railroads ;
of South Africa, including the raw materials and food items exported by
Rhodesia and the manufactured products imported fran the United Statee,
Europe, and Japan, the director general of SAFTO [South African Foreign
Trade Organization], Piet Kieser, noted on 21 December 1979. "This will
be ref lected by increaaed economic activities in South Africa, substantial ;
revenues, and new jobs," he added.
TY~e South African ports on the Indian Ocean (Durban, Richards Bay, Port '
Elizabe~h, and East London) or on the Atlantic (Cape Town, Saldanha Bay),
specially equipped for the traffic of ore boats and container veseels,
are in a position to handle without difficulty tihe increased vol~nne of
Rhodesian trade transiting in the two directione. ' ~
But as AFP notes, there is the other aide of the coin: The fact that
Rhodesit~ will becane a serious competftor of South Africa once again,
all the more so as 14 years of sanctions have endowed Rhodeaia with an '
often highly c anpetitive induetry, notably in the field of furniture,
textiles, leAther, footwear, and even electronics.
Additionally, South Africa r~ns the risk of losing to Rhodesia the important
eales m~arkets of iron-chrome that it had negotiated with the stainless
steel industry of the United Statea.
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Finally, there are continuing unknowns: What will be the rate of exchange
betwe~n the South African rand and the Rhodesian dollar in the future?
Uiitil now it has been artificially maintained at 1.20 South African rand
per Rr~odesian dollar (the latter thus being worth nearly U.S. $1.5).
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie, Paris, 1979
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SENEGAL
EIB LOAN FOR STUDY OF DEVELOPMENT OF FALEME IRON ORE
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 14 Dec 79 p 3459
[Text] I~ithin the framework of the first Lome Convetion, the European In-
vestment Bank (EIB) has loaned Senegal 975,000 accounting units (over
280 million CFA francs) for a preparatory study aimed at the future develop-
ment of the Faleme iron ore deposits, according to a 4 Becember bulletin
from the Bank. This financing takes the form of a conditional loan on
risk-bearing capital provided by the Lome Conv~ntion and handled by the EIB
as the agent of the European Community. The loan will not be repaid until
a decision on definite development is made.
The borrower is the Republic of Senegal, which will turn the funds over to
- the consulting firm MIFERSO (Eastern Senegal Iron Mines), set up in 1975
with, among its shareholders, the government and the Geological and Mineral
Prospecting Off ice (BRGM), a French public establishment in charge of tech-
nical management.
The feasibility study financed by this conditional loan is for the purpose
of ce~tifying the available quantities of completely oxidized ores with a
high iron content (63 to 64 percent), whoae presence was revealed by pre-
vious studies. However, it was not determined whether the size of the
deposits would make their future development profitable. The feasibility
study will also provide a more thorough knowledge of the characteristics
of these ores and the morphology of the deposits. .
Results should be known by September 1980 at the latest. If they are con-
clusive, a final feasibility study will then be undertaken before develop-~
ment. Potential production is an estimated 12 million tons of ore per year
for 20 to 30 years, which would represent a considerable asset for the eco-
nomic development of Senegal.
The Reconstr~etion Credit~Bank;~the Ge~.tral Fund for Economic Cooperatio~t
and the Aid and Cooperation Fund (FAC) have already granted financing for _
previous studies of these deposits. _
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie., Paris, 1979
_ 11,464 38
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SENEGAL
BRIEFS ~
CANADIAN MINISTER'S VISIT--Martial Asselin, Can~dian minister in charge of !
the Canadian International Development Agency (E?CDI), made an official visit
to Senegal from 6 to 9 December. Asselin was rE~ceived by President Sed'ar
Senghor and Senegalese Prime Minister Abdou Diouf. fle had previously met ~
with Ousmane Seck, Senegalese miuister of finance and economic affairs, and ,
visited the Center for the Study of Information Sciences and Techniques ~
(CESTI), a pro3ect financed by Canada in cooperation with France. The '
facility trains 3ournalists. Canadian aid to CESTI amounts to $11 million. '
The Canadian minister also visited a pro3ect financed by $4.9 million from
the ACDI: the construction and equipping of a pediatrics ward of the Univer-
sity Hospital Center in Fann. The center wi11 open in Fe~bruary 1980 and
will have 120 beds. Asselin announced ~anada's contribution of 3,325,000,000
CFA francs to the Thies Polytechnical School. The contribution will make ~
it possible to achieve Senegalization of the school bq 1989. [Text] [Paris
MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 14 Dec 79 p 3459] 11,464 ~
CANADIAN-SENEGALESE BILATERAL COI~iISSION--Canada and Senegal have set up a
bilateral commission designed to promote relati~ns between the two countries ~
in all fields of mutual interest. A statemeat of intentions to establish ;
the commission was signed in Dakar on 7 December by Martial Asselin and i
- Moustapha Niasse, Senegalese minister of foreign affairs. The com~isaion
will serve as a framework for reflecting on the state of relations between ~
Senegal and Canada and will determine general orientations in order to give
a new boost to bilateral relations. It will have the task of following up
pro3ects aimed at bringing about cooperation between the two countries.
[Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUR ET I~AITERRANEENS in French 14 Dec 79 -
p 3459] 11,464
ECONOI~IIC RECOVERY PLAN--At the 3 December Cabinet meeting, Ousmane Seck,
- Senegalese minister of finance and economic affairs, presented a report on ~
the medium-range plan for Senegal's economic and financial recoverq. This .
plan is characteriaed by a far-reaching ecoaomic and financial reorganiza-
tion aiffied at restoring fundamental fiaancial balances and relaunching
public investment, which in turn creates jobs. It places emphaeis on :
finances and the public debt, the public investment program, the parapublic
sector, t~e wage and price policy, the mobiliaation of savings, the foreign
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trade policy, money and credit. Abdou Diouf, prime minister of Senegal, will
present the economic recovery plan before the Hational Assembly on 19 Decem- -
ber. [TextJ [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 14 Dec 79 -
p 3459' 11,464
LOANS FOR TUNA FISHING--On 7 December, D~ibril Sene, Senegalese minister of
development, announced to the National Assembly the establishment of a Mari-
time Credit Bank in cooperation witli other countries. This measure will
make it possible for local shipowners to purchase equipment, particularly
for tuna fishing. In answer to an oral question from Mr Wade concerning
the Senegalese Fishing Equipment Company (SOSAP), Minister Sene recalled
that in 1948, large schools of tuna were discovered in Senegal's territorial
waters. In 1962, the Senegalese Government felt the nedd to be present in
_ the shipowners' sector in order to supply local canneries. SOSAP'was then
set up with an initial capital of 100 million CFA francs, which sum was
increased to 300 million in 1969. The government remained the main share-
holder (75 percent). The overall service exceeded 4 bil�lion CFA francs. -
In 1974, SOSAP had 25 ships (9 built in Erance; 5 in the Federal Republic of
Germany and 10 in the USSR). It was reported that the deficit that year
amounted to hundreds of millions of CFA francs. In order.to rehabilitate
SOSAP, a new director was appointed. .~ao years later, in August I976, ~
SOSAP was dissolved and nearly 7U0 employees lost their jobs. Nearly the
entire fleet was brought to a standstill and Senegalese territorial waters
were left to foreign fishing boats. The amount of the liabilities is
6,191,000,000 CFA francs. In order to discharge these liabilities, the
government bought all the debts. Theoretically, the state will lose some
4,327,000,000 or even 8 billion CFA francs. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPI-
CAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 14 Dec 79 p 3460] 11,464
COOPERATION WITH GERMANY--The Senegalese Parliament has authorized the
confirmation of an economic an3 technical cooperation agreement signed by
the Federal Republic of Germany and Senegal in May 1977. This agreement,
which replaces one concluded between the two countries in June 1961, pro-
vides for West German assistance in the field of education and the comple-
tion of the instruction, specialization and advanced training of upper-
level Senegalese personnel and the supplying of research and training mater- ,
ial and equipment. The commission's report underlines the importance,
effectiveness and quality of West German c:ooperation with Senegal. [Text]
[Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 14 Dec 79 p 3460]
ii,464
SPANISH COOPERATION AGREEMENTS--On 6 December, SpRin and Senegal signed two _
agreements: one concerning fishing and the other maritime transport. The _
fishing agreement enables ships flying the Spaniah flag to fish in Sene-
galese waters, provided that.Spain pays financial compensation to Senegal
set at 2.3 billion CFA francs. The second Spanish-Senegalese agreement
organizes maritime transport between the two countries following the mriri- -
time code of conduct setting the rule of 40/40/20 (40 percent of the cargo
to each of the two countries and the rest for third nations). [Text] _
[Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 14 Dec 79 p 3460]
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FRENCH-SENEGALESE MANEUVERS --Observed by the chiefs of staff of their two '
armies, 3,250 French and Senegaleae soldiers participated in the Ndiam-
bour 2 maneuver which ended on 14 Deceanber. At a troubled time for Africa, _
Senegal has atrengthened its arury with France's aid, increasing the number
oC troops from 6,000 in 1916 to 10~000 now. It receives 13 percent of the
national budget and this figure will be raised to 15 percent. In 1918, ,
the army strengthened its troops on the northern border because of the war
in the Sahara and has sent both Lebanon and Zaire a battalion of 600 men. ~
- [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 14 Dec 79 ;
p 3460J 11,464 ~
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~ ZAIRE
~
PAST, FUTURE OIL PRODUCTION ASSESSED BY COMETRA
Paris MARCHES TROPICAUR ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 7 Dec 79 p 3406
[TextJ The Cometra Oil Company noted in November that petroleum pro-
duction in Zaire's maritime zone, in which Cometra has a 17.72 percent
share through its American aubsidiary, Muanda Oil Company, is maintain-
ing [production], as far as the GCO and Mibale installations are con-
cerned, at the predicted rate, that is, it is rallying progressively
and slowly since the water in~ection system was put into service.
Production is now in the neighborhood of 22,000 barrels a day, and
, projections for the year 1980 as a whole are still set around 7.6
- million barrels, a figure announced in a release on 3 October last
(MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS of 12 October, p 2773).
Also, last May, the company had mentioned the possibility, starting the
third quarter of this year, of producing some additional amounCs coming
from the first well to be drilled in a promising installation in the
Mibale area. ~'~s a matter of fact, petroleum was found while drilling _
that first well, starting on 24 August 1979, which led to a decision to
proceed with further tests in the same installatic+n by drilling a slant
well designed to evaluate the importance of the discovery, following
which, if successful, a third well would be drilled in early 1980.
In conclusion, Cometra points out, while there remains a basis for hope
of additional production, the start of such a production does not
~ appear possible before March 1980, as far as is currently known, without
being able to give a quantitative projection, but this does not exclude
installireg production e~uipment even now.
COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1979
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