JPRS ID: 8634 TRANSLATION EARTHQUAKES IN THE USSR IN 1975

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: JPRS
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00850R000100080035-4
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 383
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 35
• Content Type: REPORTS

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I N ' I N 1975
27 AUGUST 1979
FOUO
i OF 4
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JPRS L/8634
27 August 1979
FC)it C)F'F'1C't,1L USF, nNLY
.
Translation
EARTHQUAKES IN TWE USSR IN 1975
FFOREICN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE
FOR OEFICIA1. USF ONI.Y
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COYYRICHT LAWS Aiv'U RECUI.ATIONS GOVERNINC OWDIERSNIP OF
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JQRS L/8634
27 Auguet 1979
EARTWQUAKES IN TWE USSR IN 1975

Moscow ZEMLETRYASENIYA V SSSR V 1975 GOD[1 in Russian 1978 signed
tio pre$s ai rrov 78 pp 1-310
[Book edited by 1. V. Gorbunova, N. V. Kondorskaya and N. V. She-
balin, zzdatel'stvo Nauka, 1,000 copies, 310 copies]
CON7EN7S
PAGE
Introduceion .........................6 .......................1 1
Earthquakes in Che CarpaChians
(0. P. Kostyuk) 9
Earthquakes in the Crimeg and Lower Kuban Region
( I . 2.. Popov) 13
Earthquakes in the Caucasus
(V. G. Papalashvili, et al.) 15
Izerbash Earthquake on 20 June 1975
(R. A. Levkovich, 0. A. Asmanov) 26
Shakhnazar Earthquake on 30 March 1974
(A. Kh. Bagramyan,et al.) 31
Bezhtinsk Earthquake on 4 August 1974
(0. A. Asmanov, eC al.) 37
Kilyatl' Earthquake on 13 November 1974 in Dagestan
(0. A. Asmanov, et al.)....... 44
Sala 'Cau Earthquake on 23 December 1974 in Uagestan
(0. A. Asmanov, eC al.) 53
Earthquakes in WesCern Turkmeniya
(G. L. Golinskiy, et al.) 65
- a - ;I - USSR - E FOUOJ
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CONTENTS (Cdntinued)
Page
Earthquakes in Central Asia and KazakheCan
(V. I. Ulomov, eti a1.).....6 0 0 6 ....4 1 a .4 .....4 70
Earthquakes in Northetin Tian-Shan
(A. B. Oepanov).... ~ 85
Earthquakes in Altay and Sayan
(A. G. Filina) 94
Earthquakes in Che Baykal Regi.on
(S. I. Golen~Cekiy)....~ 99
Earthquakes in Yakutiya and L�he Northeastern USSR
(B. M. Koz'min, T. A. Andreyev).....,...................... 108
Earthquakes in the Amur Region and Primor'ye (Coaetal Region)
(L. S. Oskorbin).. 113
Earthquakes in 5akha?.in
(L. S. Oskorbin) 118
Earthquakes in Kuril
(L. N. Poplavskaya, et al.) 125
Strong Earthquakes in the Region of the Lesser Kuril Ridge
(L. N. Poplavskaya, et al.) 134
Earthquakes in Kamchatka
(S. A. Fedotov, et'al.) 141
Earthquakes in Chukotka and the Arctic Basin
(A. P. Lazareva) 146
Antarctic Earthquake on 15 October 1974
(S. F. Oborina) 149
Strong Earthquakes in the World
(N. V. Shatornaya) 151
Additional Parameters of Focal Points of Strong Earthquakes
(A. I. Zakharova, et al.) 156
Spectral and Temporal Characteristics of P-Waves of Strong
Earthquakes in 1914 (According to the Data From the
Frequency Selection Seismic Station at the Obninak Central
Seismological Observatory)
(K. K. Zapol'skiy, et al.) 177
C.zralogs of Earthquakes 185
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roR oFricrAL usE orrt,Y
1
PUBLICATION DATA
Englieh eiele
:EAttTHQUAKES IN THC USSIt 1975
Russian title
: 2CMQ.ETRYASENIYA V SSSit V 1975 GODU
Author (s)
:
Edieor (s)
: I. V. Gorbunova, N. V. Kondorakaya,
N. V. Shebalin
rublishing House
; "Nauka"
Place of Publication
; Moscow
DaCe of Publication
; 1978
Signed Co press
; 21 Nov 78
Copics
; 1,000
COPYRICNT
; Izdatel'stvo "Nauka", 1978
- c -
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IN'['RODUCTION
A large pnrC nf the rerritory of the USSIt, parCicularly its southern and
easeern margins, is subject to earthqugkes. Over 200 permanent seiqmo-
ingir.nl stnCions of rhe USSR Unified System nf Seiamic Observatinna (YeSSN)
rcgiqCer Chese earthquukes in order Co obCnin observarional maCerinl tn
sCudy Che seismic danger of individual regions, the depth structure of the
earth, signs of strong earChquakes, eCc.
'Che initiAl processing is carried out aC the stAtions in accordttnce wiCti
standardized programs. The consolidated inCerpreCUtion, wtiicti is con-
atantly impraved, is made at Che union and regional (zonal ) YeSSN centers.
In the process, Chere is consistent derermination and more precise defini-
tion of ttie basic parameters of the focal points (coordinates of the seismo-
logtc7l cenrers, magnitude) on the basis of Che Ye5SN stations and some
foreign seations. The results are published in operaCional seismological
bulletins that come out every 10 daqs, and in quarterly seismological
bulletins.
The next stage is a more deCailed analysis of the observational data of all
ttin seismoactive zones of the USSR, further precise definition of the data
Erom tfie instruments and their synoptic analysis with macroseismic data,
and determinaCion of Che addiCional parameters of Che focal points of the
earthquakes which make it possible to extent our cnncepts of both the pro-
cess at the focus itself and of the special features of the propagation of
seismic waves wittiin the earth.
All the earthquakes that have occurred during Che year are analyzed in
accordance with unified meChodology, wirh particular aetention paid tn
srrong earthquakes, as well as earthquakes originating on the boundaries
of several ma3or regions, when it is necessary to take into account the
special feaCures of the recording of the earthquakes by the seismological
stations located under different seismotectonic conditions.
As a result, every year in the collection, "Zemletryaseniya v SSSR"
[Earttiquakes in the USSR], survey articles are published wtiich describe
individual strong earthquakes of the continental part of the USS(t with
an intensity of 6 points and over at the epicenter, as well as catalogs
of earthquakes, which constitul�e the basis for the collection's
1
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publicarinng: rhe Bgsi.c Catalog nf SCrong EerChquakes on the TerriCory of
the USS12, regional caealoge, d CQCglOg of gtrong earthquakea in the world
nnd a catalog nL addirional parameters of the focal poinCe o�gtirong
earthquakes.
The BnBiC Caealog of Srrong EarChquakes containe informaCion on the basic
parnmeCers nf sernng earChquakes nn the Cerritory o� the USSR. These
parnmeters (eime ae the focus, coordinates of the epicenter, depth of the
IOCU5, mngniCude along the surfaces and volumetric wavea) are determined
ae the Inst3eute of Earth Physics of the US5R Academy of Sciences from
daru frnm ttie regional and teleseiamic ataCions of the Uni�ied Syatem of
Seismic Observaeions of the USSR and the data from the world syetem. The
bnsic caCttlog is compiled (aince 1975) in the form of a New Catalog [i)
nnd coneains informntion on earehquakea with a cerCgin level of magnirude,
/~I2 N . If there is no daCa to deCermine 41j,y, its value may be estimated
from the formulas:
where xp~,is the magnitude, deCermined from (~T)~, in the group of -wavee
(componenk 2), recorded by average-period apparatus, and ~t/;!?. is the
short-pe rind gpparatus (designated in the caCalogs by an asterisk). The
magnirudes .41z� and are determined according to the instructions [2).
Beginning with 1977, the Basic Catalog and the regional catalogs of earth-
quakes have been compiled on the basis of new regionalization of the seismic
activity of the USSR territory [1j (see diagram, table).
Given below are the lower boundary values of /1~~N and the intensities for
new regions and subregions of the USSR:
.4l N .I,
1.
Carpathians:
foca1 points in crust
4.5
deep earthquakes
2.
Crimea--Nizhnyaya Kuban
4.0
3.
Caucausus
4.5
4.
Western Turkmeniya
4.5
5.
Central Asia and
Kazakhstan
5
6.
Altay and 5ayan
5
7.
Baykal Region
5
8.
Yakutiya, Northeast
5
9.
Amur Region and Sea
region
5
10. Sakh alin
5 11. Kurily
12. Kamchatka:
6 continental part of
5 coastal region,
6 Komandor Islands
13. Chukotka and Arctic
6 b as in
6 14. Baltic Shield
6 15. European part of USSR
6 territory, Urals
and Western Siberia
5
2
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
/L1iH J,�
4.5 5
6 5
5 5
6 -
5 -
4.5
~
4.5
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FoR nrrzcrnL usE OrrLY
LM
N
l
~
~

3
~
o
-
~

H
Gl
H
~
N
N
~
C
O
N
4!
~
~
O'
.c
u
to
W
w
O
~
G!
~
00
Y+
c0
a~
a
a
00
d
~
u

M+
3
a
o
w
~
~
a~
o
x
w
~
~
w
o
0
T
a
m
~
~
~ -
u
3
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Key' 1--mggnitude; 2--depCti of fncus in kilometerg. Figures on mgp--
number oE earthquakes with M 5.5 (according tn the catalog); 3--bnundgrieg
oE aci.smoactive zoneg up eo 1975; 4--new boundari.es of seismcactive zones;
t--(;arpathiang; II--Caucaeus: a--(:rimea--Lower Kuban, b--Caucasus,
r--Weseern Turkmeniya; rI Central Asia; IV--Alray and Sayan; V--Bay'cal
reginn; VI--Ynkutiya and Norrheast; VII--Primor'ye [coastal] and Amur
reginns; VIII--Sakhalin; IX--Kuril; X--Knmchatka; XI--Chukotka; XII--Arceic;
XtII--Baltic shield
The catalog also includes earChquakes of lesser magnitude that caused a
cnnsiderable surface eEfect (in poinCs of the MSK-64 scale). 'I'he macroseismic data oF the Basic Caralog ere eaken from the regional
arCir.les and cataings. They include an esCimate of the inCensity at the
epiceneer and the average radii of the isoseismic 11nes, with an indica-
rion n� the number of poines with a known intensity within�the given iso-
seismic lines.
The regional caCalogs conCain informaCion on the basic parameters of the
earthquakes that have occurred in the regions. These parametera are
mainly determined on the basis of regional observations.
For regions in the regional catalogs with
micity or a small number of seismological
Lower Kuban, Western Turkmeniya), a11 the
which it proved possible to deCerm�Lne the
for other regions and subregions this levi
energy class K[2] as follows:
a relatively low level of aeis-
stations (Carpathians, Crimea and
earthquakes are included for
parameters of the hypocQnters;
a1 is restricted according Co the
Caucasus 9 Yakutiya, Northeast 8
Central Asia and Sakhalin 8
Kazakhstan 9 Kuril 9
Baykal region 9 Kamchatka 9
The regional catalogs are compiled in accordance with the form adopted
earlier, and contain the time when the earthquake occurred (mean Greenwich ~
time), the coordinates of the epicenter, the depth of the focus (without ~
parentheses--according to instrument data, in parentheses--according to
macroseismic data), the class of accuracy (A--the error does not exceed
25 kilometers, B--same, 50 kilometers, a--same, 5--kilometers, b--same,
10 kilometers; for classes A and B the coordinates are given with an
accuracy tu tenths of a degree, for a and b--to hundredths). If the error
in determining the coordinates o: the epicenter exceeds + 50 kilometers,
the accuracy is not indicated. For relatively strong earthquakes, numbers
are given in the catalogs according to which they can be easily found on
the map of the epicenters. For the Carpathians, Caucasus, Altay, Yakutiya
and Sakhalin the numbers are given for earthquakes with K> 11, for Central
Asia and Kazakhstan, the Baykal region and Kamchatka--with K--,- 12, for the
Kuril Isl ands--wi th M.> 5. 5.
4
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ron orrzcrnL usr ortLY
ISoundaricg d� 5e3smnacCive Regions on ehe 'rerritnry nf el,e USSTt
NrNOHw f putwtw perkdNds c 1975 r,
(o � N s+X � E, a n a y r n o r u x r a
~eR~ )0 o o p V!N 1tOHTypS hOM, 1(,; rpwmvN�
Z,qo 1974 r, M'~ eoNe - A la~973 r, N" enioue unaweA pcn+mn) y
Carpnthians
Crtmea
Cuucasuq
KopeCdng
Cen era1 Asia
Aleay, 5aynn
Baykal
Yakurtyn,
Northeast
Far East
Kamchatka,
Komandorskiye
Is lands
1
45-SO
Cnrpnehinns
1
22-31
2
43-45
Crimea,
11Q
32`37
West Kubfin
3
38-45
Caucasus
t16
37-52
4
36-44;
Western
He
52-65
Turkmeniya
S
36-46
Cenrr. Asia,
U[
65-81
Kazakhstan
6
45-56
AlCay,
N
80-100
Sayanv
7
48-6o
Baykbl
V
' 100-120
region
8
54-72
Yakutiya,
yi
9
I20-148
NorCheast
58-66
144-IS6
10
43-52
Coss tal,
VII
130-t57
Amur region
Vill
1X
11
50-60
Kamchatka
X
156-168
Chukotka
Xi
51-21; 51-32; 44-32; 44-14;
q7-24; 47-21
48-32; 48-42; 46-42; 46-40;
45--40; 45-38; 43-38; 43-32
-46-40; 46-52; 36-52; 38-44;
39-44; 39-42; 40-42; 40-40;
42-40; 42-38; 45-38; 45-40
4S-S2; 45--60; 35-60; 3$-58;
36-58; 36-52
45-60; 4s-75; 47-75; 47-54;
44-84;44-83; 41-83; 41-80;
39-80; 39-76; 36-76; 36-74;
35-74; 35-66; 34-66; 34-60
57-95; 57-99; 48-99; 48-93; �
47-93; 47-90; 45-90; 45-87;
44-87; 47-84; 47-75
60-99; 60-120; 48-120; 48-99
76-102; 76-164; 62-164; 62-163;
61-163; 61-161; 60-161; 60-158;
59-158; 59-156; 58-156; 58-153;
55-153; 5S-120; 60-120; 60-108;
71-108; 71-102
55-120; 55-141; 48-141; 48-140;
45-140; 45-139; 42-139; 42-135;
41-135,41-129;48-1291 48-120
55-141; SS-146; 48-146; 48-144;
45-144; 45-140; 48-140; 48-141
SS-146; 55-151; 51-131; 51-161;
49-161; 49-159; 47-159; 47-156;
46-156; 46-154; 42-154; 42-139;
45-139; 45-144; 48-144; 48-146
62-163E; 62-177W; 60-177W,
60-197E; 59-177; 59-174; 58-17+;
58-170; 53-170; 53-165; 51--165;
Si-151; 35-151; SS-153; 58-153;
S8-iS6; 59-156; 59-158; 60-158;
60-161; 61-161; 61-163
76-164; 76-168W; 62-168W;
62-164
* PoinCs on boundaries of regions included in regions lying east and
north of this boundary.
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CanCinUeCinn
pOrtA oHM 1'pwww pecNONOr a 1975 ro r
(N� N MX�E, Wttnx Y*noretx za
( N' pQw~Na W� - J1� `C4~75 r. 4!k 1lONtyDIk 110M<0A OlpoNYNH�
,4o 1974 r. uaweA perNOx) t5)
Art ic 12 '60-90 ArtiC Xll 76-30; 76-168W;'90
38-169 basin
Baltic Xltt 76-21; 76-42; 60-42; 60-21
shield
European XIV 76-42; 76-102; 71-102; 71-108;
pt. of USSR 60-108; 60-99; 57-99; 57-45;
A Ura1s, 45-95; 45-52; 46-52; 46-42;
W. Siberia 48-42; 48-32; 31-32; 51-19;
60-19;60-42 '
Key:
1. Regions
2, Up to 19 74
3. Number of region
4. Since 1975
5. Boundaries of regions since 1975,()P"N and A�E, W, for poinCs of
inflection of contour of broken line demarcating region)*
The scheme adopted earlier for dividing regions into separate rayons in
regional catalogs is retained. The boundaries of these regions we-re pub-
lished periodically in preceding collections, and their numbers are entered
on a special graph. Individual macroseism3.c data are placed in the
catalog.
The compilation of the catalogs by regions and subregions is performed at
repub lic and peripheral institutions.
InstituCions Responsible for Compiling Catalogs of Earthquakes and Writing
Survey Articles
l. Basic Catalog of Strong Earth-
q uakes on USSR Territory
2. ReRional Catalog of Earthquakes
in Carpathians
3. Regional Catalog of EarChquakes
in the Crimea and Western Kuban
4. Regional Catalog of Earthquakes
in the Caucasus
Institute of Earth Physics of USSR
Academy of Scien ces from instrumen t
data of YeSSN and macroseismic data
from region
Seismic Station of L'vov Institute of
Geophysics of UkSSR Academy of Sciences
Division of Seismology of Instituta of
Geophysics of UkSSR Academy of Sciences
Institute of Geophysics of Georgian SSIt
Academy of Scien ces (responsible)
Institute of Geology imeni I. M. Gubkin
of Azerba3.jan SSR Academy of Sciences
6
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5. Reginnal Caenlog of Egrrhqualces
in Wesrern Turkmeniya
6. [tegional CaCa1og of Eurrhquakes
in Centrnl Asia and Kazakhstan
7. Regional CaCalog of EarChquakes
in Aleay and Sayan
8. Regional Catcilog of the Baykal
Region
9. Regional Catalog of YakuCiya
and Northeastern USSR
10. Regional Catalogs of Che Coast;
Amur Region, Sakhalin and
Kuril
il. Hegional Catalog of Kamchatka
12. Regional Catalog of Chukotka
and the Arctic Basin
13. Catalog of Additional
Paramerers of Focal Points of
Strong Earthquakes
14. Catalog of Strong Earthquakes
in the World
IttSCitUCe dF Geophyy tcs en(i Engineering
Seismology of Armcninn S5It Acndemy of
Sciencem, Northern C1lICaHllg ObFiervntory
of Ingriturc of I'hysics of che rFirth
imeni 0. Yu. 5hmidt of ehe USSIZ Acndomy
of 5ciencey)
IngCitiuCe of I'hysiCS of L�he t-ai�Ch and
Atmoyphere of Che 'rurlcmen SStt Acadetuy
of Sciences
InsriLuCe of Setsttiology of elie Uzbelc
SSIt Academy of Scieu ces (respnnyible).
InsCituCe of Earehqunkeproof Construc-
Cion nnd Seiamology of rhe 'Padzhilc S5R
Academy of Sciences, Inseitute of Seis-
mnlogy of ehe Kirgiz S5Et Academy of Sciences, Insrit�ute of 5eismdlogy of
the Kazakh SSit Academy of SCiences
InsCiL�utc of Geology and Ceopliysics of
the Siberinn DeparCmenC of the USSR
Acudemy of Sciences
Institute of thc Earth's Crust of rhe
Siberian Department of the USSR AcFidemy
of Sciences
Yakurslc Branch of the Siberian Uepart-
ment of the USSR Academy of Sciences,
Northeastern Comprehensive ScientiEic
Research InstiCtite of the Far Castcrn
5cience Center of the USSR Academy o[
Sciences
Sakhalin Comprehensive Scientific
Research Institute of the Far Ettstern
Science Ceneer of the US5R Academy of
Sciences
InsCitute of uolcanology of Che Far
Eastern Science Center of the USSR
Academy of Sciences
Central Seismic SCation at I'ulkovo
Ins[iCute of Physics of the Carth of
rhe USSR Academy of Sciences
Institute of Physics of the Earrh of
USSR Academy of 5ciences from clata of
YeSSN and regions
Central 5eismological Observatory at
Obninsk Institute of Earth 1'hysics o�
the USSR Academy of Sciences
The "Catalogue of Strong Earthquakes of the World" contains inLormation on
all the earthquakes in the world with iL1> 6. The parametcrs of tliese epi-
centers are determined at the Institute of Physics of the Earth of the U5SR
7
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Aendemy nE Seiences an the bttais df daea frdm the supporging netwurk of
YrS5N dnd world netwdrk df staeiong.
Thc, "Cntntdg oE Addiriona1 Perameeers of Foeal Poines of Strong Earthquakes"
contnins data dn the "meehanism" af the focal points of the parthquakes in
cegen when ie praved passible ea determine.it.
In 1975 ehcre waq not a singie decurrence on the eerritnry ~if the USSR on
the leve1 dE maximum magnieude for e8eh r@gion. The gurvey areic1es for
the regidng cdntain a descripeion of the mafl ifesCaCiona of seismiciey in
the current ypar.
tn this Qdieian, in gddition td nrtieles devoted to individual aerong
cnrthquakes in 1975, ereicles are a1so published thae werE not included in
th e nrecedin g collectian.
BtHLIOGRAPNY
1. "Ndvyy Kataleg si.l'nykh zemleCryaspniy na cerritnrii SS5R g drevneyghlkh
vrpmeni do 1975 goda" (New Catalog of Srrong Enrthquakeg nn ttte Tprri-
tnry of the USSR From AncEent Timeg to 19751, edieed by N. V. Kondnrskn
and N. V. 5hebalin, Mnscow, Nauka, 1977.
2. "tngtruktgiya o porygdke proixvodstva i obrnbotki nablyudeniy nsy,
aeyamichEakikh seanteiyekh Yedinoy gigtemy seygmichegkikh nnblyudcniy
55SR" (Instruetions on the Procedure fur performing and Prncegeing
Observations at Seismic Stationg nf the Unified Sygtem of Seigmic
Observatians di the USSR), Moscow, IFZ of the US5R Acadeiny of Scipnceg,
1966.
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I'Ott OFFtGtAt, USC ONGY
CAR'CIIQUAKCS tN 'Cf{E CARVATNIANS
n. P. Kdntyuk
In 1975 obaprvaeions were made at f�ve seigmir
netwdrk of ehe Ukrainian SSR: L'vav, Uzhgarod
Mezhgnr'ye aad Kosdv (regidnal seationg). Ac
and thc rcgtnitnl geet>,dng the egrthquakcg were
tive (5Krt-3) nnd brdndband (SKn) insrruments*
in-itruments nre given in the teble.
parnmeterg of 5eismic Ingrrumenta
statt.ons in the Cnrpathinn
(key qtationa), ttnkhov,
the key gtaeiott at Uzhgdrod
regiqtered by highly qensi-
`Che basic pnrameterg of the
(
Cd~111
)
i 2
T
i
vM
in&pAr>pu
w
i
Z
E -W
N-S
Tm
(3)
1L,or
CKA (8)
1 060
1 090
1 090
0.3-30,0
Ywopon
CtCQ
1 000
1000
1000
($13=20.0
M
YWopoA MeMn6oN�
CKM�3(1)
41 000
43000
43000
0,2-0,8
Pazoo
CM�3
S4 000
41000
41000
0,2-0,8
(6)
MexmPw
CKM�3
2S 000
31000
28 004
0,2-0,8
C'KA
! 000
1000
1000
0.3-20,0
(7)
Kooor
CKM�3
9 000
9 930
9 800
0.2-1.2
*
At Uzhgorod the SttM-3 instruments were instnlled in a pavf 1 ion fi km to
the northenst o� the s*_ntion
Key:
1. 5eation
2. Type of inserument
3. L'vov
4. Uxhgorod; Uzhqorod pbvilion*
5. Rakhov
6. Mczhgor'ye
7. Kosdv
8. 5KD
9. SKM-3
g
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Lm

0 oil 010 Of
r-#A
OM/eM Q100IiO 01,/4. I+
IE_4 b tQo 1~.
Y It P A N H C K A A C C'
11tlt N

vn'
IV H N ~
y M _
t
Aeer i
1N m
Ifr, ~t~t ~
ltftyut
y ~

*
N� ~ ~
s
~
A
N
Map of the Epicenterg if Enrthquakes in the Carpathians
1--energy clnsg K; 2--ncruracy of determining epicenter; 3--depth of focus
in kilometers; 4--seismic stationa 'Che seismic gtations at Uzhgnrod, Rakhov and Mezhgor'ye are located in the
main seismoactive resginn of the Carpathian zone of the Ukrainien SSR--in
. Trangcarpathia--and at L'vov and Kosov--in Ciscarpathie. There Are not
enough of these stations to obtain reliable data in comprehenaive procpssing
nf all the Carpathian earthquakes. Therefore, used in addition are the deca
Erom the bulletins of the seigmic stations of Kishinev in the Moldavian SSR,
Chernovtsy, of the Chetnovitsy University, stations of the Crimean netWOrk
and Eoreign seismic gtations: Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, Romania and
Czechoslovakia.
10
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Ag the rrsuit df praconning the inaerument daGa in 1.975, intnrmntiatt wag
obtatned oh the basic parameters o� ehe foeti1 pbines fnr 1.8 rtarEhqunkep,
Thept! parameeers ere given in the raealdg, and the ldCntitttl nE the epi-
eeneers is shown dn Nie map (aee diagram).
Accnrding tu the cnnditidnal divinion di the "CaipLqthirin" regidn intn f-ivo
digtrictg, the epiceneers af ttie e8rthquakes in t1int year werr cdncenerAeed
in two mein gaigmoaceive regioia: Ndrehwent (Nn i)-ud earthquAkes--and
Vranehe (No 2)--14 enrehquakes,
deprnding an the pasieionirg of the geismdlogica1 gtgtions and the sensi-
eivity di the reeording inseruments, for the earehqugkey in ttie Northwese
rppinn the cnordinaees nf the epicenEers were dctermitted begtnn:tng Wtth g,
snd fdr the Vraneha region, wieh 10 energy claggeg.
Thp seigmic aetiviey of Chp Nnrehwese regian wng 1vw tn 1975. in 'CrBns-
carpaehin, af the very baunddry with itdm7nia, ehere wnq dne eartliquake dn
b Navember nt 10:17 (K � 9). The epicenCer of the edrthquake on 8 June
nt 06:00 tg dn Romaninn eerritory in the Marmarogh-5lgetA regton (K - 10).
`fwo etirehqunkeg--on 22 Jnnuary at 16:49 end dn 27 .1anunry at 14:26 (K 9),
the epicenters df whieh are in Ciscarpnt�hiti tn thc reginn eE Ilo1ina in
ivann-Frnnknvskeya Ob1asC are poggibly inCtuded among tecllttUget1LC carth-
quakeq cauged by extrar.eing petrdleum b,y �nrcing wnter intv oil-bearing
bedg. te shduld be nnted that ehig region wag up to naw reg7rded aK
aseismic. The first earehquake in the Uoling, regidn wnq regigtered on
14 May 1974 Ae 08:30 and was fele by the populneion with nn tntensity nf
4 pointg (1 j.
In the Vrancha region there were 14 earchryuakey, of which 10 were dvrr in
the fnld of the Carpaehien are, 3 in the Runntikul-5erat regidn nhd 1 ia the
t'loyeshei region. The foca1 points of the latter earthquakes nre in the
earth's crust.
The strongeat were the dpep-seated earthquakcs in the region of the Vrsnchn
mnuntnins on 7 rtarch r't 04:13 (K = 13) (in Kigliinev it was Eele with rn
intenaity of 2 points) and on 11 March at 08:28 (K 12). Thp shallow
earthquake on 8Februiry nt 0$:21 Nith the epicenter in che Yloyeshti region
ahi; of the same energy clags.
'Che depth of the seigmic rentprg wap determined vnly for the decp-geated
earthquakea of th e Vraneha region accnrding to the JefEreys-t3ullen travel-
time curve. S. V. Yevseyev's method of epicenecrs wns used to find the
ceordinates of the epicenters.
tn dctermining the coordinatcs of the epicencers of the pnrthquakes in the
Vraatha cegion, use Was made af data fron beth domescLr.anJ foretRn ata[ions
tocated up to 700 kilometers from the epicenter. In tnost cnses the stntions
~ xurrnum ded the epicenter quite uniEormly, and the arcuracy nf drtermintnw
the coordinates of the epicenterg thus achieved class A.
11
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The c:aarclinares of the epicehterg of the earChquakes in Cinearpaehia ahd
Trannenrpathin were deeermined mainiy from the mareria1t; of the CnrpaChi,an
Shvi.et seismic atations. When the coordinatea of the enrthqu8ke in the
Mnrmarnbh-3ig@t region were determined rhere were addi.eional data grom
moat nt ette Romnnian geigmie sCationg and the accuracy of their deeermina-
eion ulsd correspnnded to clasg A.
The energy r1asa w8s edmputed aecording eo the maximum amplieudes in the
bddiiy waves from Rauridn's nomogram for bath the earehquakes with focal
paints in the eareh'g crust and for the deep-focus earthquakes. For the
1ateer the energy clasgifieation wgg also made aCCOrding Co the distanca
of the recdrding. The ragulCg turned oue eo be epprnximately idenCical.
te is somewhae more eomplex when the earehquakes are classified with respeee
eo magnieude, since for the Carpathian earthquakes there ar@ no regionnl
gea1es, 8nd the resules obtained for maximum ampliCudes in the 1aCitudinal
wgveg fram the farmulaN - 1gAs + 1.324 kilometerg, are undergCaeed for
c1ose earthquakes. 1'herefore, ttie catalog giveg only the daCa on the
magnieudes teken �rom ineernational gummaries and determined f rom more
remoee stations. In the rest of the cageg the magnitude ig taken from
the 10-day bulletins of the seismic gtation at Kishinev, wherp the method
from (21 is used.
BIBLIOCRAPHY
1. Kaseyuk, 0. P.; Rudpnskaya, I. M.; and Pronishin, R. S., "Eart}iquakes
in the Gerpnthians," tn the bonk: "zemletryaseniya v S55tt v 1974 gndu"
[Earthquakes in the USStt in 1974J, Moscaw, Nauka, 1977.
2. Yevseyeva, K. G., "betermining the Magnitude of Earthquakes in the
Carpathian Zone From the 5eismographs of the Kishinev Seismic StaCion,"
in the book: "Novyyc dannyye po seysmologii Moldavii" (New Data on
Scismology of MoldaviaJ, Kishinev, Kartya Mvldovenyaske, 1968.
12
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FoR oFrtr,.r.nr, usr Ortt.,Y
EAR'Ttic2UAKE5 tN THC CRIMCA ANU LdtJER KUBAN [tECION
T. i. Popnv
The Crimenn neewnrk df HCLsfliU1dgiCflt gtnriony iti 1975 wiis m7cle up of llie
permanehC seiamhlagtcnl sCations ie Simferopnl', Ynl.t.7, Al.ushr.a, 5evasenpel'
nnd t'eodogin.
v r
~ ~ub(u
,t,rM~u~a~
E ~
O
t
H 0 ~ - -A-- 4~
y ~ P
n OgOe Ql pe
~
GA.6 ~~�0 OHsO!30~H.30~a0 ~ ~
Map nE Cpir.enters fn the Crimca and glack Sea in 1975
1. energy class K; 2--accurncy of determining ericenters; 3--focnl depth,
in kitometerq; 4--aeismoingical qtations
'ftic r.onrdinnces of the epicenters were determined hy Wadati's methnds, nnd
che intersections with rhe use, as bcfore, of Levitska's Crimenn travel
timc curve; the energy class was estimated from the nomogram of
Kul'chintskiy and Pustovitenko (1].
'fhe .tcE�reys-Bullen trnvel time curve and Kauetan's numoy;ram were used in
nnFilyyinB the carthquakes in the Black Sea and souciieastern Fendosia [2].
13
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tn 1975 the Crimean regian wari characterized by weak sei.smic aceiviry. Tn
ehc Yalea-Alushea zone, si.x earChquakes wieh K= 6-7 were reeordad. .Three
perttiquak2s wiCh K- 9 were regigterad on the boundary of the Crimean and
Anepskiy regiona.
Cln 17 April there wag an pat�thquake with K= 11 in the deep-wnter trough of
the n1ack 5ea, anuChwese of Sevagtopol'.
Unusual for the Cri.mean region was the egrChquake with K- 9 on 7 AugusC ae
22:47, wieh the epieenLer located a1mosr in the center of the peningula
berween the Kraanogvardeyskiy and Oktyabr'skiy geetlements, norCh of
Simferopnl'. The maeroseism:i.c dara from the region wag not obtained,
appnrenCly 8g the resule of the reletively great depth of the focug (over
15-20 kilomerers). I
The prarametera of the e8rthquakes dbserved are given in the catalog of
earthquakes, 8nd the epiceneers are ehown in the diagram.
BIBLIOCRAPHY
1. Kul'chitgkiy, V. Ye., and Pustovitenko, B. G., "Energy Clasgification
of Earthquakee in the Crimean-B1ack Sea Region," in the book:
"Magniruda i energprichegkaya klassifikataiya zemletryaseniy"
[Magnitude and Energy Classification of Earthquakes], Moscow, IFz
AN SS5Et, 1914.
2. "Instruktsiya o poryadke proizvodsCva i obrabotki nablyudeniy na
geygmicheskikh stantgiyakh Yedinoy sigtemy seygmicheskikh nablyudeniy
S5SR" (Instrucrions on the Procedure for Producing and Processing
Observaeions at Seismological Stations of the Unified System of Seismic
Observations of the USSR], Moscow, IFZ AN SSSR, 1966.
14
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[:AR'TIIQUAKC5 IN THC CAUGASU5
V. G. Pttpbinglivili, A. Kh. i3agrnmya1, R. A. Levlcovich, tt. A. Agnmtrznyev
This year an the eerritnry n� the Cgucagus, nbyervntions were mnde at 40
prrmnnene aeigttaingicnl srnrions, 2$ of whtch were cquippeci with i.nqtrumenta
wiClt i.ncreased sengiCiviey. The ].ise nf yei:amologicat ytaCiOt1s in the
CHIICH;iU4 reginn, with ypecificatinn of the instrume11ts and bagir stab.lu, per-
fdrmance nE thege ingCrumenCs is given in [1,2]. The increnqc curves nf rhe
inqerumenes ae the gei.smo;ogiCxl geaCions in the Caiir.oau:a i.n 1975 are gtven
in [2].
Tf)e cnnCdinaCes of the hypocenters nf the carthquukcs were mninly deeermined
by ehe rrnas benring meChod, using trAVel eime curves, p1oCted Eor the
Cuucasus and the Dxhnvakhetskiy i and. The Coordinates of the hypncentcrs
of the Turkiqh nnd Iranian earth., akes, ldcated farther tiinn 100 kilnmetcrs
From ehr stnte border, wcre found with the nid nf the Jeffreys-Tlullen trnvel
time rurves. In some easeg, merliods of epicentrgls, tsochroneg and mean
linea wcre used. In prepnring the coneolidaCed bulleein, in addition tn the
obaervations of the Caucnsus stations, data from the Operations Seismo-
logical 13ulletin of the IFZ [InstiCute of I'hysics of the Chrth imeni 0. Yu.
Shmidt] of the U5SR Academy oE Sciences were used.
This year in the Caucnsus n tntal of 1,030 epicenters were determined, the
d{stribution nf which by regions and energy clasaes is gi.ven belnw:
K s s y a v io 11 12 13
Cnucnsus 4 64 282 349 220 67 32 11 l
bzh,lvnkltetskiy 4 SI 153 73 23 9 - - -
upland
L'ns te rn Caucas us _ 1 17 101 86 31 14 6 1
1'he basic datu an earthquakes with K;?,9are given tn the regional c:italag.
Tlie numbers of the regions are indicated in accordance with the division of
the territory of the Caucasus (1J. In order to study thc rharacteristirs
of the distribution of the facal poiitts of the earthquikes, two cliarts of
epicenters were plotted: on the first were plotCed the epicenters vE
15
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earehqunkes wieh K' 9(Fig. 1), and on Che secaucl--ppicenCers wi,eh K-
a 6-8 (Fig. 2), As can be seen from the maps, thi.g yQar a high concenCra-
tinn df epiceneerg is nbserved nn the territory of Che Dzhavakhetakiy
UpLtIt1CI and Che t-antern Caucagua.
~ ~ .
0
r ~
# ~ ~e t ~ a
0
t;.K:.~..
 A y ~ ~o ~ a
~e *
� o ~ o
0~
n~o0
o 0 % ~
M
� 14 w CoN~ ~44
p ,t Ep~..N ~ O
, b
�
� � � ~ ~ it
00 � � o
aa
e�
9f-29 94 ~ ~ � 41 ' '1..
0 sl0 ~ ~ A
tl 17 I~ ~ ~ 11
0 0 ~
QO O 1 ~N0~ 
p
 ,
Figure 1. Map of Epicenters of Earthquakes in the Caucasus in 1975 with
K> 9
1--energy class K; 2--nccuracy of determining epicenters; 3--aren in which
a number of earthquakes is indicated: 47 with K= 9, 15 with K Q 10 and
9 wi th K= 11.
The most drastic were the earthquakes on 9 January at 23:09 (No 1) (force
at the epicenter up tc 8 points) in Buynakskiy Rayon in the Dagestan ASSR,
and severgl 6-point earthquakea: the Spitak (3j on 21 March at 02:59, the
tzerbash on 20 Jnne at 13:53 (No 20) (see separate article in this isaue),
the Shemakha (3) on 6 August at 00:54 (No 24), the Kurakhskiy on 10 August
at 03:17 (No 25) and the Karibokiy [3] on 20 October at 03:19 (No 37).
Therefore, the majority of relatively strong earthquakea in 1975 accurred
in the eastern part of the Greater Caucasus.
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rdR arTt.Cl:At, Usc; 0N1,Y
a o o
~
, t
Figure 2. Map of Epirenters nf tinrthquakeg in Cnucasus in 1975 wieh
K = 6-8
1--pnergy clags K; 2--accurary of deeerminitig epicenters; 3--nren in which
number nE earthquakes is indicated: I--51 with K= G, 153 with K# 7;
73 with K= 8; II--1 with K= 7; 30 WiCtt K= 8
The rnrthquAke nn 21 Mnrch cnused considcrable damige in the vilinges and
pnpulntian centers of Spirakskiy Rayon (Table 1). It was invegtigated by
a c:ommissinn of ehe Ingtitute of Cenphystcs nnd Engincering 5pigmoldgy nf
the Armenian SSR Academy oE Stiences, headed by Z. Kh. ISagrumynn. In che
epicentral zone the earthryu7ke wag Ee1r by cverynne, nnd penple rAn from
thetr homes. The vibrntidn wag nccompanied by a rumble. 'Chc ebrthryuske
develnped with a maximum incensity of 6 points on the ;tSK-64 scale nt the
populatinn centers of Shenavan, Sarnart nnd Gagaran. }iere thc houseg were
mainly old struccures, one-story, sometlmeg with a basement and semi-
Uascment �loor, made frdm rnughly hewn tufn, mostly using snnd mortar
(type A). 'Che houses constructed in the pagt lU yenrs were built meinly
from smnothly hewn tufa using lime mortar (type B) with a concrece Chnrd
beneath the ceiling Eloor and the ceiling floor made of conr_rete slabg.
'Che aalling of both types of houscs wng of the "midis" system.
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`CIiri vi11nge of Saraart in ldcaeed an a tiha1Low s1ape. dne pare of the
hoi4en wns cangtrucCed using basnle depugitg, and the oeher, 1ocaCed lawer
dnwn thc gldpe (noreheaseern pare nf r.hh vi.1lage)--using loamy depoaies.
Im moae hf the hou~eti tinving norgheasC-souehweaC course of the longieudinal
wa11.H, ernGke npppared, and large chunks af p1asr2r broke off. The eross
wa].1s received unly huirline erackq. Of lg housee (type A) examined,
12 received second degree damage (amall Cracks in the wa11s and chunks of
plaster broke off), and 4 hduges--ehird degree damage (],arge, deep cracks
in elie walis. mtd ae the joinin$s of the wglla). Eighe eype B houseg (oue
af the 12 examined) suseained firse-geeond degree damaga.
In a gtdne spgrtment houge, loeaeed in the upper part of the village
(buile in 1962), chunks of plaster fe11 ae the jointg of the we11s, and
Qracks wene complptely through wa11s 50 ceneimeters thick. A network of
ereckg appeared in the pareieion, TherQ were 1arge crosswise eracks in
the wa11s in a eype g Mouse (elay mortar). In a cobblestone hnuse (13me
mortar) the souehern wall was greatly damaged, with p8reial tumbling o�
the g toneg (Fig. 3).
Figure 3. Uestruction of an Apartment House in the Village of Saraart in
the Barthquake on 21 March 1975
in the village of Shenevan, 9 houses of type A(out of the 16 examined) sus-
tained maderate damage (second degree), 3 houses of type A--heavy damage
(third degree) and 5 out of the 6 type B houses examined--first-second
degree damage.
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F01t OVTIC 1.AL USL UNi,Y
TnhlL, 1. Nlac:xogai.smic tnLnrmaei.dn an the 5pt.r.ak t;nrc11cIunkW r.tn 7.1 r1nt'r.li 1.975
Lounltty
pointi;
Uigta1CO Gd
Loro llt:v
t'o .li tn
biqCanr.c Cc1
mnr_rnseismir.
macr.oyciHmt c
cpicenrer, in
epicentor, i.n
kilnmcterg
Icil.nme4ers
SnranrC
G
1
Lerri ant:s 1c
1
16
St1eIit1Vat1
6
2
bZ}I Ya5het1
3-4
1.n
Gogaran
5-6
3
llzhadz{iur
3
23
Chtkdttmun
5
4.5
Kuybyshev
2-3
18
Nnlbnnd
4-5
b
Srei1nt1E1Va[1
3
20
5ptenk
4
6.5
Kirdvakan
7
23
M. Yarni
4
11
Gekharoe
2-3
19
Kurg.7li
4
11
Alngyar,
noc fclc
23
Lusakhpyur
4
14
Lentnaknn
"
33
Dzdr.9sIlhtl
4
14
Ctiknqym
"
32
Arragyukh
3
1.6
5nratc,vka
"
25
p !'QpcmcAra
o ~ 00* ~ ~C.nrnaHCec~
~ ,QJOjJ?t!/~N ~  \
I ~OlQ~O N ` 1
~./lyrQrnn~ CQp~rQp~ !!/t~s4va~ ~ ~
,lj.~rod Ie ~!'c~6~d s6 ~'u,rda~da ~
P
~ Apmotbs c=ffl,"?,r 'f.f~Pto.~u g
./IMNOA'QN ~ ~ .Q.~+rpouu~ ~ /
~ 1'tp~cMq~r ~
~ o
~~rrr
~trQpcm 4
p
~
e a� ~
6o.f-6o.fe6:f0 4 eJ-G eJ-o-1:loHtorT~~
~ota
Cisure 4. Mnp of the Isoseismal Lines oE the Spitak I:arthqunke nn
21 Narch 1975
1--intensity
2. Not felt
19
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`Cnbin 2. Macrdneismi,c tnforinae3.on on Shpmakha Enrthquakes on
4-6 Augupe 1975
Nn, i.n LocraliCy A, km No, in tacaliey A> km
dreler ordar
6 poin tg
1 ShnumyAn 1
5-6 poines
2 Kerkench 2
3 Alpdut 4
4 Mnrry 5
5 pointg
5
Matrttga
S
6
Akhrarhi
6
7
Gegeli
6
8
Kelekhana
6
9
Karavelli
6
10
Mel'dzhan
6
11
Sagiyan
7
12
Shiradil'
7
13
Bagirovka
7
14
Adnaly
7
15
Mirikend
8
16
Bidzhov
8
17
Muganly
9
18
Taljah
9
19
Keshtimaz
9
20
Meyaary
9
21
Charkhan
10
22
Agabeyli
10
23
Beyuk Khnys
10
24
De re Khn ys
11
25
Shemakha
11
26
Nyugdi
11
27
Keshad
11
4 points
28
Novodroitrovka
11
29
Akhsu
11
30
Lengebiz
12
31
Arab Ashaga
12
32
Zarnava
13
20
33
Nuran
13
34
Kyrlar
1.3
35
Navagi
13
36
Me1'kham
14
37
Angekharan
14
38
Argtkend
14
39
Melik-Chobany
15
40
Pirgasanly
15
41
Bagurly
15
42
Dedegyunyash
15
43
Chirakhly
16
44
Yenikend
16
45
Ovchulu
16
46
Chagan
16
47
Chukhuryurd
16
4$
bzerzhinovka
16
49
Merazandigyakh
16
50
Geglyardag
16
51
Muradly
17
52
Gyurdzhivan
17
53
Dil'man
17
54
Kalva
17
55
Chayly
17
56
Khashiman
18
57
Amgali
18
58
Nyuydi
18
59
Ingar
19
60
Gadzhiman
19
61
Kaleybrut
19
62
Kirovka
19
63
Arab-5halabash
19
64
Sarsura
20
65
5ist
20
66
Pirabil'kasum
20
67
Sulut
21
68
Zeyva
22
69
Khankendi
22
70
Pirkuli
22
71
Geyvendi
23
72
B3ska1
23
73
Avakhyl
23
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'1'nb lu z (cnne' d)
7/1
rtincha
24
Noc rrgtsr.r.r.ed
75
'l'iridzhan
24
76
Shabi,yan
2~
111
KarHlcayunl.y
'lU
77
MykliCelcynn
25
112
Nem:trli
21
78
Myudzhu
Zg
11.3
Kaluboy.li.
21
79
'Largavn
29
114
'I'cilyshnuri
23
80
Yeniyal
29
115
Ln1ti-zar
23
81
Taznlcend
19
116
Fiiligtan
24
3 poinrq
82
Geglyarchel'
19
83
Arab-Chnleykchl.
19
84
Knnakhkend
Zb
85
Chxyly N3zhny7yu
21
86
Ragimli
l
87
Arab-Gadzhimnn
::1
88
Kenddba
21
$9
Chukhnnly
22
90
Teklya
23
91
Kengerli
24
92
Abaskhanly
28
93
Demirchi
29
94
2arat
32
95
Lagich
33
96
Khimran
33
97
Gendob
34
98
Zarat-Kheyberi
34
99
Koydan
35
100
Gavtaskyab
36
101
Dvor'yan
36
102
Myudryu
38
103
Varna
38
104
Zarat-Babaderen
40
105
Kendakhar
40
106
Bruydan
42
2-3 points
107
Akhmedly
22
108
Godzhaly
23
109
tlrchiman
27
110
Ismailly
39
21
1:17
Ku:jlii
24
118
5yundyu
'lS
119
Pnba r.
26
120
NdvoastrFakhanlci
27
121
Ati C rnlcliankn
27
122
vzhn gir li
28
123
bz17nly
28
1211
Akb�].ag
28
125
Gh.1.LUV
29
126
Karm-mltal
29
127
Ithm 1 I 11
79
128
Ko,;halcend
30
129
Marazy
31
130
badaly
31
131
Dakhar.
31
132
Khilml.l.l:t
31.
133
AraU-rtykh tybey
32
134
biy,i.ly
33
135
Nabur
33
136
Kevr].ar
36
137
5hakhsevan
37
138
Kurbanchi
37
139
Kel'vend
37
140
Arab-Sliakhverdi
3$
141
Kirk
38
142
Kushendzhe
39
143
Tal.yetan
39
144
Dzhu1'yan
39
145
Yekelchana
41
146
Kyurdamir
42
147
Knramar' yam
44
148
Kyurdmashi.
44
149
IV1T10ViC1
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'I'nble
3. Mneeuseismit
informatidh an
eh(a
Kurekhakiy Garehquake
tlt1 10 AUgUst
.1975
No, [n
t,0011 i ty
A, km
Nn,
in Lorn1 tty
d, km
urdr r
ardtr
6 pnitttn
4-5 painea
1
Kurakh
0
12
Shimikhyur
9
2
Khyurekkbyur
4
13
Ge1'khen
i5
3
Kimikhyur
6
4
Kyukvez
7
4 pointo
5-6 points
14
Ugug
16
15
tchn
20
5
Ayhur
9
16
3htu1
20
17
Akh ey
15
5 poines
6
Ynlnk
13 3 pointg
7
Usur
9
8
Khpcch'
12 18 Ikra 20
9
Lutkun
12 19 Duldug 21
10
Kyuchkhur
12
11
Khkem
11
In a type g house with good masonry (built in 1973), Crgcke 1-2 cm wide Were
fnrmed in the plastering on the wallg of the southeast courge. Small chunkg
of the plastar fell off. The mortar filling in the intergtices in rhe
mnsnnry of thp cnrnice crumbled awey. The masonry of the northWest wa11
shtfted and caused crncks 1-2 cm wide along the height of the entire wall.
In ttie villages of Cogaran and Chikdaman, most of the type A houses sustained
firAt-second degree damage. In type B houses built in the last few yearg
witli exrthquakeproof ineasures, slight damage and hairline cracks appeared
and small cttunkq of plaster fell out. In Gogaran, in a cype B house (1950,
using nrqillaceous spdiments made of ashlar using lime) cracks 2-5 rm wide
were formed along the entire height of the wall,-chunkg of plagter fell
out and tlie doors jannned. In a house mude of ashlar uging lime, type B
(1957), n shift of the southern part of the wall of Che house of 2-4 cm was
noceci, on the auter wall of the house crackg formed along the height of the
enttre wa11 and the stones of the upper exeerior part of the house fell
out.
TfiE perceptibili.ty urea of the earthquake was gmall: the nrea irapped by nn
isoseismal line of 4 points did not exceed 260 square kilometers (Pig. 4).
The fucal depth of the earthquake was determined aceording to the method in
[GJ: with an intensity at the cpicenter of.Ig - 6-7 and a magnitude of
M= 3.8 i,,,, = 1 kilometers, Eor isoseismal lines ~fl = 2 ktlometers.
22
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44 _
A~see~t
13 " U
~
~
t O
D
~ 4 I
i
4b
rigure 5. Mnp nE Che Iadscismal Lines of the Kurpkh Carthqupke
1--intengiLy; 2--isolines
Ar, the beginning of Augugt a serieg of perceptihle earthqu.hkcy occ:urred in
Shrmakhn, ecCnmpanicd by n lnng clugter of wcaker aftershoCks. Acrord-
ing to the mnnrogeigmic daea, the eadrdinates n� the epicenter were yi _
= 40.6� N, 48.4� L' and the maximum magnitude was 6 points. 'I'he macro-
setsmic informntion does not make iC possib le to separate the effects of
thr conseGUtive shncks. It is most probnble that they should be related to
ttic cxtrcmely strong shock of 6 Augugt (M - 4.0).
A group including R. A. Agamirzoycv, I. A. Kasumov, F. K. Cyul', T. A.
- zdiocovieskayn, S. R. ngamizoyev, Ch. S. Aliycv end Yu. A. t3nyranav geudied
110 population centers in which the tremors were felt with varying force,
and 40 population centcrs where the earthquakeg were not felt ('Cable 1).
'Che enrthqunkeq encompnssed nn aren of nbout 4,000 square ki.lnmeters.
'fhe e.7rthquake had a mnximum intengity of 6 roincg in the village of
Shaumynn in Shemakhinskiy Itaynn. Here over 50 percent of the tiouges
showed cracks in the plaster and there wos one instanr.e oi chunks nE plaster
falling out, ns well as separgrion of the masonry. At almost eactt q}IOCIt on
6 August the people ran outside, movr.ment was made difEirult, pCnple sit-
ting down were swinging back and fort}i and many people felt dtyxy. The
23
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grnund rfihditihnt; ici the itettiemene ef 9hauman aere favorabi@ far eart11-
qu,11foprhnr rhnseeuetloi1. T{iLi 10-meeor creni4 faection wan mnde. up ef dr.y
tlo11!I1' 1' li1yl
t.artliryuakeg wieh an inttnaiey of 5-6 points aer@ fe1t ae Eh@ papui8tion
Pet1tt't'i1 af Kerkenr.h, A1poue aid Myrey, which are Qioo not@d for fnvarabie
nartgmir eenditians. tn cheti@ papulaeton eenters, craeks in the walls af
eht-t buiidihgs WeC� i1atetl, the ahitewashing erumbl2d and objecig feli from
.4helvps and tabien.
At phpuiaeion eeneerg 5-27 (Tabie 2) hairiine eracks in the plaster appeared
in placen in the heuseg. Panic accurred aimdge averywher@, and the inhabi-
tnnts Eled their hamea and spene the nighe outdoora for one ar two Weeks.
`Che depth nf the focug wieh resp@ce ta intengiey at the epieeneer wesIe,
= 8 km and wieh regpecE to the ieosei9ma1 1ines
the magnieude M C41W
h; � 4 km (average damping enc~fficiene t' = 3.9).
'fhe earthquake en 10 Auguse 1975 wes Ee1e on a limited territory of South@rn
Uagestan in a radius of 35-40 kilomeeers from the epicpntpr. It uas studied
by R. A. Lovkovich, 0. A. Asmenav, S. S. Aref'yev and Z. A. Munalayeva.
'Che ame11-area pleiseoseiemie zonQ (7 X10 km) includes the papulaEion
eenterq of Kurakh, Kavkaz, Kimpkhyur and Khyurekkhyur, where the magnitude
nf the earthquake is estimaeed at 6 points. The vi1lages are built up of
dne-and fwo-seory buildings made of the rubble of dry masoary or using clny
mortar and adobe, caith considerably fewer buildings built of brick and
nshlar, using cement mnrtar. The earthquake aat; felt in the fnrm of serong
vertical shocks, accompanied by a rumbie. in many structures o� type A
r.rnrks ehat went elear ehrough were formed, particularly near the window
bpertures, where the cracks were up to 5 mm wide and up to 1 meter 1eng.
Crer.ka and tl� falling nf 1arge chunkg of plaster at the corners of the
building were noted in type B bUildings.
Table 3 qives an estimate of the magnitude of the earthquakc on the MSK-64
sr..7le for the villages studied.
'Che macroseigmic cpicenter aag shi�ted by 12 kilometers to the eagt from
the instrtjment epicenter (Fig. 5). The depth of the focus wfth respect to
inten,sity nt the epiceneer and magnitude (4] wes 4rM = 6 km, and for the
iaoseismir lines-- /l = 6 km.
BIBLIOGRAPHY b
1. "Zemletryaaeniya v SSSR v 1969 godu" (Earthquakes in the USSEt in 19691)
Moscow, Nauka, 1973.
2. "Paramptry, amplitudno-chastotnyye i fazovyye kharakteristiki priborov
regional'nykh seysmicheskikh stantsiy Kavkaza. Sbornik" (Parameters,
Amplitude-Frequency and Phase Responses of Instruments at Regional
Seismic Stations in the Caucasus. Collection), Tbilisi, Metsniyerebe,
1974. 24
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3. "Byullvten' tgeei geyiamie-ho-tikikh tiEdtittiiy KavktizFt va 1973: Ciluilatin
uf tttp NeEwerk df Seistnic Sedtieng in the Caucanun in 19731, 't'Ui1iAi,
Motgniyareba, 1974.
4. 5hehalin, N. V., "Methodt; ot Using Seiatnaiogic-i.nginoering ntita in
5eigmie Regidnnligdeinn," in the bonk: "SeynmicheLikaye rayonirdvaniye
553tt" [Seismic Regidntiiizatiun in the USSR], Moscow, Nnukii, 1968.
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f ZERHASH EARTIiQUl1ltE ON 70 JI1NE 1975
R. A. Levkovich, 0. A. Asmanov
In ehe coastal belt uf the Dagestan AS3R from Makhachkala eo Dageaeanekiye
Ogni, dn 20 Junp 1975, an earthquake waB feir thae showed an ineensity of
up tn 6 poines near ehe epieenter.
Acenrciing to ehe daea df ehe Unifi�d Syetem of Se1smic Obnervationa, ehe
fdcus wng lncated in the Caspian Sea, approximately 35-40 kilomeeers frdm
eht, shhre (gee the Basic Catalog). According to ehe data nf nearby regi-
nnnl gnd trgverge aeiemic gtations at Derbent, Akhey, Buynaksk, Karanay,
duhki and Dylym, and the key Unified System of Seismic Observations statinn
ae Makhachkaln, the fOCUg Mf85 locgted in the sea 10 kilometers from the
aItnre, and the coordinares of the epicenter were: yo  42.36� N, �A - 48.0�E.
Just before the earthquake n foreshock wns noted on 7 June at 0006:05,
q' = 42.7�N, A = 46.80E, K= 11.
Uuring macroseismic obgervations of over 30 population centers, carried oue
nn 20-22 June 1975, it Was established that the pleistoeeigmic area was
localized near the city of izberbash and the villagea of Karanayaul,
Pervomayakaye and, apparenely, extended toward the sea.
Macruseismic informa.tion on the Izberbesh earthquake is given in Table 1.
'Che magnitude of the earthquake was eatimated according to the MSK-64 acale.
The egrthquake developed at Karanayaul with a maximum intenaity of 5-6
pointa. buring the earthquake the inhabitants were working 3n the fields
near the mountain village. They noted atrong vibraCiona of the soil in a
north-south direction, accompanied by a rumble. The people who were not
working perceived the earthquake as a sharp vertical shock with subsequent
swnying. Many inhabitants ran from their homes and after the earthquake
slept outdoors.
The village of Karanayaul is mainly built up with adobe housex with tradi-
tionAl architecCure. Afeer the ear[hquake, fine cracks in the plaster
appenred in many of the houses, and in two cases it was noted that brick
had fallen from the chimeys.
26
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'I'nbJt, 1. MnCraneiqmic firrnrmnelaii an thL� tn,hr.rb:ash t.ar.ehqualtr
l,oefllfty
Magnieude
ni.ntanCe
t,arn1{Ly
Mny;nitude
UiaeAnce
i, phints
froni
t, pnt�t~
frnm
Cet1teY Uf.
Ce11teY nf
igoneisma1
is hstisihni
lineti, in
l inLin, In
A , kni
4 , ltm
t7burbash
5-6
5
Adnnak
3-11
40
Knrnnayau1
5-6
10
rierikey
3
40
t'ervamayaknye
5-6
10
t3aghlikent
3
35
U1lubiynul.
5
15
Madahalis
3
45
tnehkhc seb.
5
18
Kakashure
3
40
Achi-5u
4-5
22
Ge11i
3
45
Knyako-nt
4-5
22
ze1ikn1n
3
39
Nnvdknynkent
4-5
24
Kaspiygic
3
45
Uenmygh
4-5
20
Dua1ak
2-3
55
5ergakbln
4
20
Akushn
2=3
55
Cublett
4
25
Levanhi
2-3
115
Urbukr
4
25
`Cnrki
2-3
55
Karnbudakhkent
4
30
Makhnchkiita
7-3
55
Manny
4
28
guytinkgk
2-3
70
Gorgn
4
30
Uerbent
nnt felt
70
Alkhndzhikent
4
25
Gorgebel'
"
65
Myuregd
3-4
25
11rakiny
"
75
Vnnnphimnkhi
3-4
25
Shnmkhgl
"
75
In rltc cicy af Izberbngh, exeendcd alnng the gen fnr up to 10 kitnmeters,
tllc enrthqunkc wag felc mnre strnngly in its northern secti.nn. lie rh, in
ittdividunl rases in eype g buildingg p1nseer fell and fine ernck-4 were
furmed, and in many hdUSCg--the whieewsgh was Hhed and there werr_ fine
rravks in the Ce ilingg. Mnst of those questioned noted swaying in the
north-south direction, and some persons mentinned a vertical jol.t. In
p.7rticulnr this sort of jolt during che earthquake was all.uded to by the
nttcndant ne n gas stntion, who was throWn froro hig r.hnir to the floor
when the enrthquake hit.
wicfiin the southern section nf the city df Izberbash and che settlement of
I'ervomay:akoye. In some hduses fine cracks appearcd In ehe plttatcr, the
whitrwaah was shed. books were thrown frdm the shelves and Che furniturr
shifted. Many people r.ompared the earChqu.Ske dn ZO iunc 1975 with the
sensation in Izerbash In the Ertrthqunke on 14 May 1.970.
Outside thC plpiatoseistic area, the estimate of the intenaity aaa made
only Erom quesCioning r.hc population In nccnrdnnce with the M5K-64 sralr.
It was noted Chat more compleCe informatinn w.tis nUt.hined from the mnuntnin
villages and tdtms lncated near the fntal point-, of the bhgestan earthqu:ike
on 14 May 1970 and the nuynaksk earthquake on 9 1\ugust 1975 than from cite
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mnre remotc� rtigidnti, fdr (axumpie, noueh of Iyberbash,. which w~g ticaneier.
`I'hr Ifiek cir hq11iVnle11Ce ih the perception of the partliquakes by eh@ peaple
whci hiid reirr.ntly feit thc! strang earehquake and by chotie wha had aae Eeif
lt hnd a rcrenin offeet nn praducing ehe mi.nimum inas@ismal 1ineta (see
c11 nu rnm) .
Ianscismal Lineg of Enrthquake on 20 June 1915
1--intensity; 2--epicenter gccording eo YeSSN data; 3--epicenter according
td dntu from regidnal gnd treverse gcntions; 4--approximaee posieinn nf
cpicenter according to mnrroseismic data; 5--igogeismal lines; 6--foreghoek
on 7 .1une; 7--aftershoekg
Judging frdm the measurements of the pleistogeismal area, the theoreticnl
intensity ot epicenter Io is not over 6 points. By usin g the kncnm racio
betNeen the magnitude, depth of the focug and intensity at the epirenter
111. the depth of the Eocus of the Izberbash earthquske is lr,,ti = 10 km,
And for the isogeismal tines Irl = 8 km, With the daaiping coefficient
t' = 3.4.
'Che pieiscogeiamiC area adjoins the Karanayaul depreggion, Which rixes thn
major superimposed trough in the zone of foreward folding of Dagpstan Wich
prrsrnt-day activation. Judqinq from the thickness oE che sedimeetary mnss
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1n l.liLN rrlE;ldn (8-10 ltltdmetarti), thc! ftir.uH f.w tavdtr_d ricwer tti t:ha Ptilru-
v,r, I t- Niibnt rrttum and gritvi ttites q()t1t Ii1I ly tnward tlie v.t,nr ot' tlio rogionnl
f'yhol(lnh-`1'yrijduv.Akiy plutuni.r Eutilt,
'Chr mailn ,jalt of ehe tyberbtlyll erirtliqunke wag dCCt1h1pt111LotI IiY 41 nor.tan aC
ni'trr,4hor.ks (Tab1e 2),
Teb1e 2. bngic Parameters of Aftershockg di tyberbnqh tart:hqunke
I ~~1 (3 'fteappN1uteiitn+ueqtpa 3t1lptltH4lCkNf~
BpenuMdwre~ ~�li ~nore A' CG)
7.Vt
QS
39 0112
42,30
47,58
1110
20M
14
01 43
42,38
48,00
IU13
20,Vi
19
S9 49
43,32
48,00
10.4
28.Vt
01
43 02,8
42,37
48,00
10,0
28.VI
00
43 41,8
42,37
48,00
10.0
29,Vt
OS
17 39,4
42,36
48,01
10.4
14,Vitt
03
39 49,4
43,35
48,05
10.0
Kr.y:
1. Date
2. `fime at foeus (nour:minute:second)
3. Coordinates of epicpntpr
4. Energy class K
'Che uniEormity of the nfeerghocks Wieh regpect to thr rnergy clnys drnua
attention. A careful teview of the seismagrnms during thiy rerti(id did nnt
c1ethCt nny earehyuakea trangmitteci Ernm the aren of tlte Ir.bcrbagh enrtltqunkC.
Given thr existing digtribution of qeismic stations in Uagestnn and their
inrreagc in the Izberbagh region, the cdordinntes of rtirthquakpa aith K=
= 8-9 alinuld be religbly determined. Nvt one of thc seismic stations, hnw-
r_ver, reqistered dther earthquakes which could be rrlated ta the focal zane
nF the ixbcrbnsh cnrthquake.
Wtth respect to the nature nF the energy rclease from tiie facus, the ,yfccr-
shor.k activity of the tzberbash earthryuake in a scigmolop,tcfil phenomennn
r41lited tn the atypicnl mechanism of the earthquake.
A query nE the izberbash inhnbitgnts nfter the earthquake on 7 June 1975
(fnreshnrk), made on 8-10 June, revenled that most of thnye quewtioned
ment ianed a sharp verciCal ,jdlt With n rumble rr.sembling an exriosion.
'fliore Werp people near the gushing gryphon of a acll (nt the site of
we11 Nd 46 in Izberbash) in eents at the moment of the enrthryuake Wlin
testify thaE at the mdment of the earthqunke, a gas-aat--r rolumn up rh
20-10 meters in height burst from che well, and the aell inr.renstd thr
29
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yiclfl and the eomparneuee af the wtittr rag@ eo 38-42�G. 3ome of thane
huvmelnnod e1nimed thtit the spaut nran@ 10-15 s@canda before the earth-
h1101W, nnd othero--ehcit the speut arose during the earthquake. Ttiere are
atsci dinrrehnnciva in the deacriptidn af ehio ph@nomenon: tiom@ aee@st th
nn t_jreeien, and oehers--ee ~cloud resembiing e mushraom. te may Ehere-
rora be ecinhluded that mose probabiy the @jeeeion eriginated before the
101.t dr nt ite ihitiaj. mdMent. Iti addieidfl, imtnediateiy afeer Eli@ main
jett on 20 ,time the temperature of the wikeer in ehis gryptsan rose sharpiy
Erom 40 to 62"0 (menguremeneg af A. A. Levkavich). Ie in obviovs Ehat in
the Eueure seriaua aeteneian shouid be paid to the geudy of natura1 fiaodg
in cdnnectidn with preparatian for gerong earthquakes.
gIBLIOGftelPIlY
!
1, Shebalin, N. V., "Oehagi ai1'nykh zemletryaseniy na eerriterii SS3R"
(Faeal Pointg af SErang Earehquakeg on the Territery of ehe US9Rl,
Magcew, Nauka, 1974.
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SNAKIINAZAlt EAR'IHQUAltC dN 30 MARGN 1974
A. Kh. negramyon, E. C. Geadakyan, S. Garmaehedrte, L. N. Makhaeadpp,
V. C. Papainghvili, S. S. 9imdnyan
The parehhuake dccurred dn 30 March at 00: 34: S8 Greenwicli timm in the
flahavakhetnkiy upland ar@s, an the border betaeen ehe Armeniai 55R iifld
tlie f�oargidn S5R. Aecdrding te the daeti frdm the Spigmologied1 Oulleeiit
of thr netuhrk of key geimmnlogtca1 ntatidno in the USSR, o;o SKM = 4.5
(detcrmined frdm tWa gtatiang, the cddrdinntesi: y' = 41.5� N lde, ;i ~
= 44.0� L�' 1nng, and thp Edrus=-gurfaee. 'Che eacthquake wan regiyt+ered by
39 aoiamnlngica1 seetidng, and ehe mnximum digtdnce of rernrding wat;
2,600 kiihmeeers. Acenrdin~ to the instrutnhnta1 ddtn of the Cauengian
nhtuark, the eaordinateg of ehe epieeneet Were 41.4� N 1nt, 44.0� E lang,
M :L- 3.9 (for 2statibrrs), K e 11.4 (1for 32 atations) iind the ~ocu4--surfnec.
'Chr main jnlt of the earthquake vag preceded by a fureqhnCk on 21 Mareh nt
09:27:22, with K=8.5; a gerieti of nftershdcks Wng dbserved for a mnnth,
hrginning nn 30 Macch ('Cah1e 1).
Aecnrding ea ehe histdrical infnrmatidn, in chig regioh eorthqunkes ciceurred
With a maximum ineensity of 6-7 paintg rl, 21, and n+ccdrdtnp, tn the gl'igtRiC
rerinnatigation map it ig included in the B-point anne 131. In the lest
tWn dcrades, three gtrdng earthquakes fiave nceurreci lyere: on 30 May 1958
-it 05:16. With.i� - 5.6 pointg, on 31 .4ay, at 09:11, With I. = 6-7 points,
and on 29 Junp 1961 at 08:22, With i, � 6-7 pointg.
An exredtttnn including geientifi~ ~gtlnCidteg di the tGIS nf thh Aemrnidn
5Stt 11rndenry of Seienceg, the Iflsfituce of Gedphyoicg and thr ingtitute of
Duilding Matrriats and 3tcucturcg of the Georgian SSR Acadcmy of 5cicn~et4
travcled nut ta investigete thp aEtereffectt of tltie 5hnkhnazar rnrtliqunke
in the ehieehtral aona.
The earthqunke had a aaximum intengity of G pnints in ehc Ka] ininn regic+n OF
of tlir ArmeMan SSR, especiaily in the villaAeg of 5hakhna7ar. Evlu and
Kar.aldeph. At the population centers loeated in the epteentral ynne of thls
carthqueke, thr huildingg aerr mainty anc- and two=4tnry, nnd gercrr of cltirm
hnd nground flnor. The valls of a 1arge nuaabrc of the buiiding!4 wrrc�
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butl L c1f eubUle, uijiHg mud, 1iglie iime mart~r and i@�@ eEtet~, u~itjg comenE-
1[m~ mdrttirn wieii d ntee+ngtti df 10-15 kgIem witlioue enrehqutikeproafihg
mrntsures (fligure 1).
rt
Pigure 1. Creekii in Na11s tfttde of Rubble, Using Mud, Light Litne triortar,
iij an Apartment House in Shmkhnaxar
There were also buildingg with thp aalls aE the traditional "midis" masdnry,
sanetimes with a feeing 1ayer mad@ of Arctic rose-colared tufa, cleaoly eut,
uwtng a ltmr-cement morear with a strength of 15-20 kg/cm2 (Fig. 2).
'itie Wa11i; nf most nf the building,s aere about 50 rm thick, and Were built
dn continunug fndtings with the depth of the foundation 0.6-1.0 meters.
Thr eciliag Eloorst had vodden beamg, gnd the rodfg wern pyrnmidal, with
ti ta or ahingle rooEing.
nuring the earthquakp, in many buildingg, in the Wa11g, partitieng and
sections oE the masonry ebove the apertures, cracks open to 1-3 mm, diagh-
nal dnd close eo the vertical, appeared (Fig. i, e). Ouclining cracks
apprared elnnq the perirteeer of the apertures araled off by masonry.
'Che cracka nriginating from tiettling or siiifting formed earlier aere pnr-
tirularly eetivaeed, and aere revealed cansiderably more and someahat
developed (Fig. 2).
Sepnration bnd bucklfng of the aalls Erom the plane was obsetwed duriflg the
eerthquake in thp wa11s of a number of buildinga with inadequate transverge
bonding.
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I FOk dFrtcrAr, HR. hNi,v
Figure 2. post Uffice Building in the Village of Shakhnazar. Crncks
in the Walls With "Midis" Mnsonry
rgrtiCUlarly to be noted ig the more frequent appegrance of Cracks in
plbces Where gtresses were concentrnted before the earthquake, mninly due
to uneven seetlin g. Thc existenee df a prestresged condition in n number
of cases eontributed to increasing the ef.`eCC ef rhe e.7rthqunkc manif.esta-
eion. Figure 3 shows a rrgek of a SeCtl'..t1g-Beporntion n.7ture that
nriginated where the longitudinal and trangverse wnlly came tngether.
Many atoveg and rhimneys were considerc+bly dnmaged during chc cArthquake.
bn thp besis af an analysis dE thc materials collccted in thr gtudy, ehe
magnitude oE this earthquake ac the epicentral xnne sijghtly exceeded
6 points.
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2. Mric:rnsc�ismiC tnEormaeidn nn rhe Shakhnaz8r t:7retiqiinke
cm 30 rfexch 1974
Larn l.lty . A, km LdCH1iCy L1, km Lncaliey A, km
6 pn in ts
Knlininn
6
5af.arlo
24
Karaberd
46
Knznldggh
12
Stiepanavan
30
Kizilkend
42
Sliakhnazar
6
Mangligi
66
Cvlu
8
4poinrs
Marneuli
GO
Maiayan
SO
5 pciines
Atiaik
42
Spirak
40
Dzhadzhur
33
Tambovka
54
Irganrliny
18
Keri -
36
Tbilisi
84
Knrnkilis8
30
Saraard
30
Tetritskaro
52
Kntnakhpdr
12
Shirak
36
Torosgyukh
42
Ktxilwhafak
15
Tsintskaro
66
Kuyhyshev
18
3-4 points
Tsalka
54
Lnrplemsovkhox
16
Shnokh
48
Mcdnvka
20
Amasiya
42
prtvnlynoye
22
Akhalsopeli
60
3 points
Bogdanovka
54
4-5 points
Bolnisi
46
Dilizhan
63
Dzhoradzor
54
Akhalkalaki
72
GuknRynn
36
Lamhalu
32
Dmanisi
26
teninakan
52
Not fele
KirovakAn
42
Bakuriani
90
TIic earthquake on 30 March was felt with less force at many centers in the
tcrritory of the Armenian and Geo rgian SSR's in en area of abouC 500 square
ktlamete rs (Table 2). According to the macroseismic data, the patte rn of
isosciamal lines was plotted (Fig. 4); the average radii of the correspond-
inp, tsosetsmic lines were equal to (in km): 6-13, 5-33, 4-65, 3-125.
The formulas of the macroseismic field [4, 51 were used to calculare the
bnsiC pgrameters of the focus. The damping coefficient for the Trans-
Cgur.asus was adopted by us as y= 3.5.
The coordinates of the epicenter according to the macroseismic data were
41.1.� N lat. and 44.2� E long., 5-7 kilometers northeast of Shakhnazar.
With the magnitude at the epicenter Z. = 6-7 points, the depth of the focus
wus 9 km according to the isoseismic lines, and according to the ratio
Ze and .NhrM = 8 kilometers. The coincidence of these values and thp
regular nature of the isnseismic lines indicate the relatively simple
structure of the focus.
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rnct oFFICTAL USI, nrtt,Y
y
Q FlaNypMANN . YQNfINCN~}- ~
/000//
,00, {}iuao~i~ I 36\
.~.'C~oop.~oS6 I
~
,~�~~ti.1 00 ~ eN
6-
I r
,
ti.ti ~ `~.B- /
1 1 roPeor.:
\ ~ S' Cnrru-Q- ~N~po~ui~ ~
~ 1 ~eauw
~ = ZT /eau~.~.
-e-e.715e $a-eQs -~&4-5-&3-4e3' 6 j
Captions on following page]
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Fdtt OFFtCIAt, U5E hNLY
l C,il1t tunH tt) i 11ustrnt tnns dn precoding pagt l
Flgure 3. Craeks of a 5ettling-Sepbirbtian Niature
Ffgurc 4, Diegrdm of Iqogpismal Lineg of Shakhnazdr garthqugko-
1--inEensity; 7--iaoseigme1 linpg
Apparently the fcicut; of ehe 3hnkhnarar earehquake is 1ocated in the Enne of
the Urhyvnktietgkiy fau1t (6], deeper than the roaf of the crytieailine
gubqtructure.
AIBLIdGttAPt1Y
1.. ttiog, Ye. t., "Seyamicheakiye uslaviya Zakavkaz'ya" [Seismic Condieiong
in thr.'CranaGguCggua], Vn1 1, Tbiligi, tzdate1'aevo M GSSR, 1948;
Vo1 2, 1952.
2. T4khakaya, A. U. and Papnldghvili, V. G., "Seyemieheskiye ugldviyn
Knvkar.a" (Seismir Condieiang in the Cgucegus J, Tbiligi, Metoniyereba,
1973.
3. "Scyamicheskoye rayenirnvaniye S55Et" [Seismic Regidnnlizatidn in ehr
tI551t Mosr.nw, , Nauk a, 1968.
4. Shebnlin, N. V., "Methadg of Uging Seismological Enginrering Datn in
Sriymic Regionalization," in thc bonk: "Seysmichesknye rayonirovuniye
SS5a," Mascnw, Nauka, 1968.
5. q}iebalin, N. V.; Ayvazislivili, t. V.; Varazanashvili, 0. Sh.; and
Hnpninshvili, V. G., "UrnvneniyA makroseysmicheskogo polya dlya
ISoI'shngo Knvknza i'l.akavkaz'ya" [Equations of the Macroseiamic Field
fur the Greater Caucnsus and Transcaucasus], Tbiligi, Metsniyereba,
1976.
6. ;;urakiy, A. A., "g�7sic Features of. thc 5tructure and Ucvelopment di the
(:auc7aus in Connectivn With Its Plutonic Structurc," in the hook:
"Clubinnoye stroyeniye Kavkazn" [Plutonic Structure of the Cnucasus],
Mnscow, Nnukp, 1966.
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F'Ott UMCfiAi, USL t)NLY
t3E711`CtNSK i:ARTtiQUAKL�' nN 4 11UGU5'T 1974
c). A. Asmannv, S. S. Aref'ycv, Sh, G. IdarmuChov, L. A. Knlchiami, R. A.
Lrvknvieh, V. C. papainghvili, N. V. Shebttlin
Itie carthryunke ncCUrred nn 4 Auguge at 15:06 in the aoutliwesCern pcirt of the
Grenter Cnue7sug Rgnge, on the bnrder of thc Georgiun S5ti and Che bagegCnn
ASS[t. IC wng regigeered by 83 geismie gCaCions tn the 5oviet Uninn (see
f11)�
Ar.r.ording en thp inserument daen of the CnuCayian network, ehe euurdinMtes
of the epirenter were 42.4� N 1ar., and 45.9� E long., K- 13 (11), gnd ehe
drpclt of tile focus was 5 kilometers.
The earthqunke wag inveseigatpd by agsncinCes of the Institutc of Gcn-
phyair_a of Che Geergian S5R Acedemy of 5ciences (V. G. p.hpnlnahvili),
the tnstitute of Geology of thp Ungestnn i3ranch of the USSa ACademy of
Scienres (tt. A. Lovkovich) and the InstituCe of I'hysics of the Earth of
the USSR Academy of Sciences (v. V. Shebalin).
71ie histnrical information an the earthquakes felt in the epicentral pgrt
of the ifer.htinsk earthquake nnd the ndjacent regions are given bclow
('l, :s).
[n thr village of Tlynrata, the bngestan ('Lnt:etaly) earthqunke on 29 June
1948 w.7s Eelt with an intenaity of 7 points. A 6--7 point enrthquikc was
rekistered in zakntnly on 2 5eptember 1936. An enrthqunke with an intensity
of 6-7 points wns felt in Napareuli on 20 April 1928. An earthqunke with
:in intCnsity of 6-7 points was noted in Kvareli on 17 Ortobcr 1902;
thcre waa a vibration with an intensity nF G po3nts with the enrthqunkes on
3 October 1902 end 2 November 1951 (Mtatushenskoye earthquake); wich nn
intensity of 5-6 points on 20 April 1928 nnd 25 August I930; with an inten-
si[y nf 5 points on 26 November 1958, 26 February and 4 July 1961.
T.7hlr 1gives inf.orrtkitton on the enrthquakes th7t have occurred on the
cerrieory of the southwestern part of the Creater C.7uc-.isus 111.
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TriblL, 1. lligtdrleal tnChrmntion on Strnng Earthquakes ih the Sauehwest
Pnrt dr eho Crratcr Cnurasug
ItoopAwAA)MIueNipi
~ ~
(5)
NNt+Maws�
r
1
9per~n r ow�,
rny
M
~r'
~tCti
n, (2)
U
An~MrYA&
koc� 
ti
aMewno
V M c
N
h
, KM

m~nu~rt
;
p
,
o (6
(7)
?d.Vtt 17dI

. ,~e

Key:
1756
(41,9)

5,3)

(f0)
+,7(0)
7
11.1
1811
OS 00
(41,8)
(45,2)
( 7)
4,2(0)
7
3,X
1402
23 0543
41,8
40
( 6)
4,1(1)
7
17,X
1902
07 21
423
45,8
( 6)
4,3(1)
9
I O.III
1914
18 44
(41,6)
(46,7)
( 7)
3.9(0)
6
16.1V
1924
04 21
(41,7)
(46,5)
(10)
4,6(0)
6-7
20.IV
1928
08 16 )0
(42,1)
4S,S
18
4,6(S)
6
2S,VII
t 1930
22
42,0
45,6
1S
4,0(1)
3-6
2,1X
1936
10 0103
41,7
46.5
17
4.9(3)
6-7
13 12 2S
41,5
46,6
22
3,3 (8)
6
19.V
1947
19 18 39
42,6
44,7
14
4,3(2)
6
2S,Xt1
1947
21 22 09
42,5
4S,O
30
4,7(3)
S-6
8.V
1948
21 30
424
44,6
S
219(0)
S
29.V1
1948
16 0629
41,6
46,4
48
6,20)
1
8!
M
WuepAcKOe xerwacKa ~ ~
~
31atancKOe(10) i
t, ~
rytuMUUpcKa(11 ~
3~K~twcKOe (12) ;
(lluerrw )
16.Xt
1949
18 5917
12,4
43.3
12
4,4(1)
(6-7)
ckoe
'
2,IX
1930
04 19 32
41,7
46,2
16
4,6(1)
6
2.X1
22
1
1931
1953
21 S$42
OS 33~17
42,3
45.3
20
s,S 00)
7
MntywencK 1~
.
41,8
45,1
S
3,6(0)
6
XuuMxu+cKa 1
28.111
1955
19 42 09
42,4
44.9
9
4.5(1)
6-7
B&pNC~kONClt 15 ~
30.IV
1956
12 14 21
42,5
44.9
8
4,6(1)
7
26.X1
1958
00 12 07
41,6
45,9
19
4,6(2)
6
~
~
26.11
1961
21 1106
41,8
43.9
13
340)
S
'
4,VI1
1961
19 25 19
42,0
45.6
1S
4,2(1)
S-6
23,V11
1 1962
02 18 Si
42.1
45,9
22
4,2(2)
S
11.111
1964
00 08 58
42,4
44.9
23
4,S (7)
5-6
17.V1
1967
09 5604
41,7
45,3
7
4,0(4)
6
XawmuxcKa (16)
22.V
1968
10 49 22
41,8
45,9
20
4,20)
+-S
'
28.1
1969
04 27 00
42,3
45.0
9
3,5 (l)
S
19.V
1973
21 SO 33
42,6
45,4
30
4.4(2)
S
4.VIIt 1974
15 0613
42.1
45,8
2S
3,2(8)
6-7
6e*-rnNCKa (17)
1. Date
2. Time nt focus (hrs, min, sec)
3. Coordinates of epicenter
4. bepth of focus, km
5. Magnitude
6. Intensiry at epicenter
7. Commen t
8. Alaverdskaye
9. Kakhetinskoye
10. zakatal'skoye
11. Gudamakarskoye
12. Zakatal'skoye (Dagestan)
13 . Mtatushetskoye
14. Khashminskoye
15. Barisakhoyskoye
16. Khashminskoye
17. Bezhtinskoye
ArrordinR co the map of the seismic regionalization, this region belongs co
tlie 8-point zone [3J.
A macroseismic descripcion of the manifestations o: this earchquake in the
epicentral area is given below.
38
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~I I I I II ~ I j~ ~ \
CD~
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Tabtt 2. M,1rrdgeiamiG Daea an the. Carehquake on 4 Augugt
.y - - -
Lo t- 0111 ry A, km Lorality A, km Locitlity A, km
6-7 points 4-5 points
lle r.liCa
6 points
AlmaCi
Agvali
Cremi
Kvereli
Sgbuye
Shekriani
S-6 pninCs
Akhmeta
[inelikh
Knrn tn
qm71n
'Ce lnvi
'Clynrntn
S pnin Cs
Gagoh
Gombori
Curdzhaani
LaKodckhi.
20
9nlnigi
135
Seepanavan
195
Dusheei
92
Khestiurt
200
Marneuli
115
Tgkhinvali
158
Pagenauri
95
'I'ealka
165
25
Sagaredzha
65
45
Tbilisi
100
3 points
20
Teerieskaro
135
20
Tgurib
75
Akhalkalaki
225
15
Bagdanovka
220
18
4 points
Buynakgk
130
Groznyy
125
Almok
100
Inchkhe
130
Burtungy
125
Dilizhan
180
SS
Gunib
85
teninakan
235
65
Ku11a
105
Miatly
130
65
Mikhelta
105
Nazran'
145
30
Sovetakoye
75
Ordzhonikidze
135
40
Khodzhalmakhi
115
Tkibuli
245
38
Khunzakh
80
Sachkhere
210
Kubor
105
Chiatura
220
Khesavyurt
135
3-4 poin ts
Urma
125
62
52
Batseda
85
Not felt
48
Dzhaava
145
45
Dilym
115
Yerpvan
Gori
145
Kirovgbad
Idzhevan
150
Kutaisi
Levashi
120
Oni
Kazbegi
110
Bezhta. According to the report of A. M. Abdulayev, the earthquake was
felt much more strongly than in 1970 during the Dagestan earthquake. The
tiospital building was damaged, several chimneys were destroyed, in most of
the buildings there were small cracks, and in the rest of the buildings--
crac�ks that went clear tlirough.
Kvareli. In most of the buildings fine cracks appeared, and in some stane
houses with concrete chords--cracks going clear throuqh; tile roofg col-
lapsed. There was Rrear panic and the people fled frora the houses. The
ptcture is similar in ttae villages of Cremi, Almati, SAbuye and Shakriani
in Kvarel'skiy Rayon. In the villaRe of Almati two houses suffered severe
demnge. '
40
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Agvn]i, `i'herp wng na exeengive damage. 3ma11 r.rar.kN fdrmed tn tlte wtilig,
t'rciplLl Eele strnng tromdrt; nnd were nEraid Ea be in the hnusrn. 7'hnse WI1r)
wrre unleeh wukr up,
`t'elnvf., T1ynraEa. Nd exeehsive damage wns ndced. ltere nnd etiere rrdckg in
ehe p.taseer apppared in elic hauseg. The peapie woke tip nhd ean hut intn
ttte strep-eti.
Cnmbnri, Gurdah8ani. Aimase everyone felt the earthhuake nnd therp was
paniC, but nd damage.
Khaguvyurr, Knabegi, Nazran'. The enrthquake weg nneired by individuel
persana, primarily on the upper gtories, 8nd gdmh of the pedplh whnt nue-
side. Many people who were in houaea did noe floCiGe the enrthquake.
7'tic regt nf the infhrmntinn on the perceptibility nf the enrthqunkes wbg
gathered frnm data frdm quegeionnaires sene dut by thc nivisidn dE Regionnl
Seigmnldgy of ette Lnstiruee df Geaphysies df the Genrginn SSR Actidemy e+f
SCIet1CC'S ahd the Secenr of Geophygics df the inatitute uE rhysicg of the
ttagesten I3ranch of the USSR Academy of SCienceg.
'Che earthquake on 4 Auguse was felt with lesg intengity c,n tlte territdry
of the Northern CauCagus and the Armenian SSR in an 7rca of abdut 2,000
squnre kilameeers ('CAbIe 2).
7'he rattern of the isogeismal lines wag ploteed from the mnernsetamir dnen
(Fig. 1), with rpicencerg at 42.1� N, 45.9� E, whiCb roincide:a well with Che
inqtrumpnC determinarinn.
In processing the macroseismic mnterinl, the average radii of the corre-
sponding isoseismal lines (in km) were used: 6-35, 5-105, 4-215, 3-260,
for cnlculations di the focus--formulns nf the mncroscismic field (41;
the dnmping coefficient V for the GreaCcr Cnucasus we Conk ns 3.1.
By tnking the magniCude at the epicenter gs equnl tn -lt
nbtiiin for the radii of the isoseismai lines = 25 km
;11 and i. /,,.H = 25. '('he coinciding of thege eqtimateq
relatively simple structure of the focus nnd agrees wcll.
nf the instrument determination. The macroseismic: field
regular in ngture, which makes it impossible to estimate
f OC118.
= 6-7 pointg, we
, ,7nd for the ratia
indir.ntes the
wiCh the rexult
is complctely
the extcnt of thr
'Cherefore, the fncus of the Bezhtinsk earthquakc is lor..ited in the aren nf
the Creater Caurasus fault (Sj, noticeably below the ronf of the crystalltne
foundatian.
Thc mechnnism of the focus of this earthquake, determincd by S. S. Aref'yev
(Ft};. 2), is chnrarterized by the following parameters. Tlic first vnrinnt
(preferabie Erom tlie standpoint of the tectonic situation): the strike
41
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nylmufh tir tlte plnhe dr the fnule, rr'a, a
rlropFa yj.~,vpiy th etit., norehease nt an ang
rliv nIoI`c 1,4 u typp oE righE-side atrtke
vxprrrtrnrey e rElative movem@nt downward
pcmrntn of tIte g1tifE en the plane aE the
tileng a dreip eE 0.67.
121 + 10�; the p18n@ oE the faule
ir af ra, = 62 + 10� to elie herizan;
feule, in whi'~h Elie 9OuLhern rjide
and to the w@st, wieh ttte eom-
f.aule along a coura@ of 0.73 and
Figurr 2. Diagram To Determine the Mechanism of the Focus for the
Bezhtinsk Earthquake
1--nodal lines of the /'-waves; 2--compressian Wave; 4--axes of compression
nnd contraction stress
5erond vnrinnt: azimuth of the gtrike 40, = 52 + 10�; plane of the Eault
drops, to the southeast at an angle of11,L = 56 + 10� to the horizon; the
sfiiEt is a type of left-side gtrike-slip thrugt faulc, in which the gouthcrn
side experiences relative movement to the east and downward, with the
cnmponent of siiift on the plan, of the fevlc along a course of 0.83 and
alnng a dip of 0.56. The solution was based on the signs of the first
arrivals of the P-waves at 47 gtations in the USSR, and of them--
31 nrrivals with g plus sign (including 1 contradicting one) and 16
arrivals with a minus sign (including 6 contradicting ones). The solution
rannot be considered adequately reliable, but the number of contrndicting `
signs (14X) does not exceed the essentially permissible limits.
42
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13t13LIdC3ttAPl1Y
1. 11yun, Ye. I. ,"Saynmici�gkiye uglnviya Ukevkav' yn" C;;etymi r Ctll1tIl lltfttb
t.n thLl 't'ransenucayuaj, Pt 1, Tbiligi, tiadatrl'stvo AN 05512, 1948;
Ilt 2, 1952.
2. 'Cgkliakayn, A. D. ,atid pahalaghvili, V. G. ,".qvytmiehe~ktyr uglavtyn
Knvkn7n" [5eismiC Canditiehg in the Caura,4ugj, Tbiliai, rletynfyvrrb7,
1973,
3. "9eysmichegkdye rttydnirdvaniye S55R" [SeismiC Regidniili77tidri in tlie
lfSSR), Mdgedw, Naukn, 1968. 4. gIievnlin, N. V.; Ayvaziahvili, t. V.; Varaznndsliviii, 0. 5h.; and
t'ttpnlnghvili, V. G., 'Uravtjeniyn m.qkrd.t.;eyatnicheakogo pulya d1.yn
Uh1'ghogd Knvkazn i 7aknvkaz'ya" [Equatidns o[ thc MaCrdyctymir t'ield
fdr the Greater Caur.ngus and thp Transcaueagus], 't'bi.ti:fl, hleeyniyerehn,
1976.
5. Scirakty, A. A., "C1asie Peatureg oC the Strurturr and Uevrlopment cif the
C7UCFlsllq in Relatint eo [es Plutnnic 5trur,ture," in the hnok:
"Clubinnoyc qtrayrniyh Kavknza" [Plutnnic Strueture nf the Cauc.�us].
Mnsr.dw, Nnukn, lgfib. . .
43
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K t 1,YATL' RARTltQllllKE ON 13 NaVEMflER 1974 IN DAGE.STAN
0. A. Agmanuv, S. S. AreE'ycv, S. A. Kagpdrov, R. A. t.evkavieh,
V. t. 5hrhultirt
An earthqunke uith a magnieude ee the epieeneer bE 7 pOiflEg deeurced in
rrauntiiindug Dagegtan dn 13 November 1974 ae 03:36 GreenWieh time. Accord-
ing tn the dgta frnm fhe nearese permaneflt and field geisrtologica1 statinng
at Mdkt�rhka18, Uylym, Buyn8ksk, Uubki nnd AkhEy, the cdordintitel; df the
rpicrneer Werr: y' = 43�48', 1 = 46�30'; the fvcat depth aeg 5 kilometets.
Accnrding ta the date nf the regionai netaork of gaigaologicai atationg in
the Caucasus, K= 13, M= 4.7.
Thc main shack uaa preceded by a series of fereshoeks on 25-37 Ju1y 1974,
df Which the gtcongest dr.curred on 27 July at A.S:SA (energy clasg Ka 10.4)
and CtlUSpd a 5=6-point trenor in the village of Ki1yat1' (in soae houses,
to the exeent of the collapse of the roof, and the va11s falling in).
Charncte ristic of thita foreshock aas rgpid diminighing of the strength of
the effect aith digtance, $o that in the villages of Inkho and igali,
4-7 ki]omecers from Kilyacl', it had already reduced to en intensity of
3-4 pointa, wh irh indicetes the ghalloW depth of the focus oE this earth-
quakr (1-1.5 km). In the periad of the fereshocks, the inhabitants of
Kilyntl' repeatedly noted underground ghocks accompenied by a rumble,
whirh were not registered by ingtrumentg. The possibility ie not ruled out
thet thpy Were related to a locel procegg ef the cave-in of the karst holes
nrar the surface on the Kil'dimeerskoye plateau, induced by the forrshnrks.
Aftcr ch.%- main shoek, in the period from 13 to lg November, a macroseiamic
invegtigatian of 42 population senters aAs made. M analygis of the pre-
limin9ry dnta ghaued chat the direetion of the area of the aftershocks and
thr directinn af the gxes of the macrogeisrair fie1d did nat coincide. A
second cnvesciggtion including additionel Yocaltties did not introduce
siibstr,ncial rhnnges into the map af the isoReismal lines.
The main regults of the macroacigmic inveatigation are givpn in Tahle 1.
in rstimbring the magnitude on the MSK-64 gcale, the greategt attantion
Wns pgid to mc,dcrn scrurtureg made of brick and rubble uging c@ment mnrtar,
as well ns adobe houaes conqtructed since 1970.
44
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Fau a~~~~IAt, uSE ONt,Y
Tdbie i. Macednpigmic 8dtn efl the Edrttjqunk@ aii 13 Ndvember 1974
Lecalit.y A. km i.ocaiity A, tcm Laeality A, km
- ~
7 peints a polnets w pdineg
Kiiydtl'
3
gt�bdukh
4
6_7 peintn
tt1{tl1n
3
Ki ahal i
8
'P 1 yai rato
7
Mekhe l'eti
7
tgait
10
6 hain eg
Kakhtib reaa
Ctii rkbee
'flhkh
5=6 paints
Agvo li
Khuslidadn
Brtlikh
Gagdt 1'
Rikvrtn i
Mm i
Akhvrikh
17
20
9
39
39
26
34
14
16
23
Irgiinny
33
Huyndkgk
Untgukul'
26
Nidhfliy DaMenguta"
Karata
27,
U+tma
Andi
18
Gunib
'raftf~~
25
Viodotltl
Shndrdr~
32
Kenkhi
Burtunay
30
Tindi
41
3_4 poin tg
Khwnpalth
29
-
Levagh i
4=5 poineg
Khadghalmaktti
Sil'cli
Grecgebil'
s0
Khasavyure
Rehoda
50
Makhachka1a
Anna1ea
31
Kixilyurt
Dy1ym
39
Kegob
Taurib
60
Durgeli
Arota
48
Chet'ade
56
Nnt fel t
Korodi
42
Novolakgk
39
GrnanYY
Ue rhrn t
Kagua,ken t
51
59
63
52
39
42
71
62
54
58
gg
63
52
58
90
165
180
In the plhistogeigtaal area, ground dpfdcmations In thp fdrm df a crack in
che rrimary rockg With an opening 2-3 mm vide, emrth creepg In thp talrg
depogits and rdek fallg uere nbgerved. In the villagrg nf Kilymcl' nnd
5habdukh, ehe magnitude of she trena rs reached 7 pointg: In stcuctures
mdde of rubble using clay bondieg, congidarable strueturel damigp vAs
absrrved everyWhere--wide eracics going cleer througli, Wa11g bceaking n++ny
when they vere not bonded, ate. (Pig. 1, e) and In sene buildingo ttie
rodfs collapsed and the outer va11s fe11 In (Fig. 1, b). T1� village oE
Kilyntl' ig lacethd under unfavorable ground conditions, nn a thick pro-
luvidl cane, tthich sowevhat itteeflsified thre loeal efft-et.
In the vi118ges of Inkho, Kizhali, Tlyarata (Guaibetovgkiy Reyoro), Mekhel'ta
nnd IgAli, the magnitude of the earthquake was estiaieted At 6-7 paints.
Cround deforiwitions In ehe farm of cracks in the roads wieh thp oprning
2-5 mai wide, rock fells and seismogravitational deEoraationg In thp iaoigt
frec-flowing soils vere noted here.
45
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k~p
~ i.
q
Nigure 1. 'Cypicai Damage to Structureg in Kilyatl'
The peoplr ran out of the buildings in al.arm. Of the structureg in thig
area, dama$e wag suffered by public build:ings made of brick and rubble
using eement mortar, Which gustained sligfit sCructural damage (cracks in
pactittons and above the door and windoa tipertures, fine cracks in the
nain Wnlls, etc.).
7'cn villnaeg in the S-G point nrea Were sr.udied. The most charaeteriscic
damagrs werr: rrarks in the plaster, and objects falling from Wa11s and
sh+atvcs. The people were frightened. The schocls suspended classes.
Acrording to the macrogpi8mic data, the epicenter of the enrthqugke,
deeermined ns the center of gravity of che pleiseoseigmal zone, aas
located near Kilyatl' (y'= 42�43', ~t s 46�28'), Which coincides With the
instrument coordfnates oE the mafn foreshotk on 27 July 1974. The depth
of the Eocus, aith regpeet to the mactoseismic field, wag in the order of
5-10 kilometers, With the damping coefficient v = 5.0. ihe pleistoseismic
area (FiR. 2), bc+unded by a 7-point isoseismal line, is an ellipse extpnded
12-15 kilometerg in e northeasterly direction, up to S kilometers Along
the minor axis. The rest of the isoseismal lines are oriented atong the
maJor axtg in the sane dtrection, almost perpendicular to the major axis
46
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df the tiEeernliaek zene. Thirg maken it ponoible Eo tiggume ehnt th~ gaigmiC
rnergy aE the main ghack wag to gdme degree cdnCenerated a1nng etie anti-
Cnucunun Eaule, which piayed the rd1o af waveguide. A gimilnr intensity
iij the no-eeions sbave the fau1t waa aise noeed fdr the mnrrnneismic fie1d
di the Uag@9tat1 @artI1EjUake an 14 May 1970.
8
~ ~ Muni e
$
atlu~e~
1 ~
~
~
$
1C 4 1$ '10 !~1 ~r
~v~ ~e-v0e ~p~e=e0e ~~�e~~ $0~~6~
V
l
Figure 2. niagram of the isaeeismal Lineg of the Kilyatmenskoye Earthquake
1--Intengity
Thr fnca1 meehanism of Chis earthquake, determined by S. S. Aref'yevyy, is
char.hCterized by the following parameters (Fig. 3). The firgt variant:
ttte strike nzimuth of the fau1t plane, 4z, = 6.5 + 100; the dip of the
fault plane towgrd the north-northwest nt an angle of tt, = 65 + 10� toward
the hdrizan; the rtavettent of the type vf a righe-side shift with the com-
ponentg for the rourse 0.90 and for the dip 0.42. The secdnd variane:
the strike azimuth of the fault plane, aax = 148 + 10�; the dip of the
fault plane to the West-northwest at an angle of ~tt = 67 + 10� toward ttte
horir.on; the movhment of the type of a left-side shift with compnnents
for tfte strike 0.86 and for the dip 0.50. The solution is given for
38 narks, oE whir.h there are 20 pluses (including 5 contradirting the
solution) and 18 minuses (including 4 contradicCing the solution). 'Mie
number of contradictory marks (24%) is close to the pprmissible limit,
wtiicli indicAtes the loW reliability of the solution. Thc earchqueke an
13 November wns accompnnied by a series of aftershocks, trnced up to
28 Decenber. A gubstantial new earthquake (see Eollowing articlr) orrurred
on 23 Uecember 45 kilometers to the northeast of its epicentcr.
47
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't71a Instrumciit dnea fer ehp preliminary, main and repeaeed ahocks of rhe
unrthquakr nn 13 Nnvember are given in Table 2.
TriU1L, 2, Foreshnrks nnd Afrershocks of rhe Earthquskes on 13 November
r j 1
N~~e
h
~Z~
~
MoMSkr( 3~ +akNOeo.
~a
e
ttoopmwatbt I HrpA
x
TouHOare on-
/
,
q M c
-p N
~ E
peAeneMaK(S
snNU,enrpa
2S.V11
23 S4 10,4
42�38'
466 30'
10
~
16,V11
21 3247,7
42 30
46 30
10
i
c
27,V1I
OS SO 53.5
42 43
46 28
10
t i
12Jt
06 42 SS,S
42 43
46.28
10
a
13,X1
02 36 21,9
42 41
46 33
14
0
13J(1
02 43 26.0
42 45
46 30
11
a
13.X1
03 13 14,1
42 47
46 2S
8
c '
13.X1
03 '23 59,9
41 4$
46 28
8
a '
13.X1
04 Ol 14,4
42 41
46 30
ll
b
13.X1
04 09 33,3
42 40
46 32
9
c
13,X1
04 26 07,1
42 4S
46 29
9
c .
13,X1
12 14 2390
42 41
46 28
9
c
13.X1
18 OS 03,4
42 42
46 32
9
a
13.X1
13 48 51,2
42 43
46 31
B
b
13.X1
23 52 45,S
42 44
46 33
8
a
14.X1
19 08 48,1
42 48
46 18
,8
c
1S.X1
00 39 56,1
42 43 �
46 34
8
16.X1
09 21 57,1
42 44
46 27
8
c
16.X1
20 43 52,6
42 40
46 33
8
c
18.X1
10 04 05,8
41 42
46 28
9
n
18.X1
11 13 37,1
42 40
46 40
11
c
20.X1
02 42 22,2
41 44
16 27
LO
c ,
11.X1
14 41 44,7
42 S3
46 18
10
o i
23.1(1
0,7 S 1 38.4
42 44
46 2S
9
c
24.XI
06 54 56,5
42 37
46 46
9
c
6.X11
16 19 59.4
42 38
46 36
10
c ~
14.X11
OS 40 02,8
42 SO
46 35
9
c i
28.X11
Ol 36 27,9
42 38
46 36
11
c,
~
Key:
1. Nn, in order 4. Coordinates of epicenter
2. Date 5. Accuracy of determining
3. MomenC of origin (hrs, mins, secs) epicenter
'I'he intersection method was used to determine the epicenters; the reliability
of the coordinates is characterized by a class of accuracy: -l 3 km,
ri=+ 5 km, C _ + 7 km. Figure 4 shows the distribution pattern of the
epicenters of the Kilyatl earthquake. The dimensions of the aftershock area
are 40 X 80 km, and accordingly the area of the surface is cS = 320 km2.
As cfin be seen from Table 2, for the foreshock period, earthquakes with
K= 10 are noted, and for the aftershock period--with K> 8. Earthquakes
with K_> 9 were considered representative for the zone under discussion
(aftershock area), and their reliable registering wgs ensured by the network
oE seismological stations in Dagestan. .
48
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N
Cigure 3. biagram To DeCermine the Mechanism of the rocus for ehe
Kilyatl Carthqualce
1--nodal lines of Che P -waves; 2--compression wave; 3--rarefacCiati wave;
4--axes of compression and contraction stress
Ttie distribution of the number of earthquakes w:Lth respect to energy
classes is given below, where /l/ is the number of shocks for Che enrire
time interval under discussion (July-November 1974), &~--during the period
of aftershock activity (November-De cember 1974):
K 8 9 10 11 14
8 8 7 4 1
8 8 4 3
For botii time segments the values of the angular coefficients ),'i = 0.20
and);, = 0.23 are considerably less than the average value far DagesCan,
= 0.58 [l]. Following [2, 3], it.may be assumed that the quasi-viscosity
of the environment in this area is relatively high; the environment itself
is slightly fissured (relatively uniform). It would seem ehat all of this
pertains only to the time interval under discussion and the depth at wtiic}i
the ttypocenters of the earthquakes were located.
A Rraph of the change in time of the seismic activity (Fig. 5) coas
plotted to analyze the seismic conditions of the period of activation of
the zone under discussion. The average interval was chosen as 10 days;
49
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0
0
00 ' ie)
i
0 ,p0 O
0 6bfAM~ O
OD ~ O
ED,
00002
k:l, a 1 �
O m mmmm~
s
? _ L 109 *"4..0000000 ~
F'igure 4. hattern af histribution nf Epieenters of Kilyatl Earthqunke
1--cpiecntcr of the matn ghdck according to insrrument dntu; 2--aftc:rshockg;
_ 3--fdreahncks; 4-4-poinC iqnseismal line
00 ,
1
~o
/D
J
~
l
4o!'BNNi1 NN01O.I!/1fN.1w Ajp 0 O~
~~~7
� Pa rui ix x xi xir
.yic.yw (2)
Figure 5. Craph nf Che ChAnge in Time of Seismic Activity
(July-becember 1974)
Kry:
1. Average ovcr many years 2. Months
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wtCh o 14prlr.inq or 5 clnys (n mdving 10=dny perind tIt S-dEiy tijttrvn1"), tl�
mf111,11lluce uP elio npipmtr netiviry wap CgiGUlgCeCI acr.nrding tn thv fnrtnulri
Kmaz
1000
A
~ ST ~ ~toy. CK = 10)~k~xr,nAx ' Km~ + 1~,
10
Kmin
Iu nur ease ;5' e 320 km2 , Te 0.027 yen rg.
Fur the intervnig of time when nd etirehquakes were nated, tlie v7iucitirn of'
the nr.tiviey wdg eaken at; equa1 to ehe average for ehe entir.r iiitcrval Ueing
Cunsidercd (;ret 0.5 years, 4,1, = 40), 'I'hig c1egrly ovrrgtnted thr. estimare,
but tlie nvrrttll hicture nf ehe d�nge in activity ig gC7rcely clistnrted.
11s r.nn bc geeii rrdm Figure 5, nfter eongidernblc aetivation ln July lhere
wng an dlmadt tliree-mnnth 1u'�.1. The mnin ghoek was preceded by a gmn1l
f1nre-up with a subgequent abatement. The afterghnck period .tg e1~.iCEICteY{.yecl
by the usunl gtagelike drop in the aCtivity, whirh at thc ettd ot UeCetnber
wny digrupted by s new upsurge. It is posgible thdt this is the rcsnnnnce
fdr the shifts in the fheus of the neerby Salatnu earthquake om 23 her.cmber.
1974. It can 81se be seen frdm Che skhCCll ehat in the period df yeiamic
nctivity under digcussidn, rbv ,exreedg rhe gverage fdr many ycnrs by twn
ar tltree nrders hf magniCUde, which fnr thig region is 0.4 [1].
Frnm tlie digtributidn of rhe epicpnters (Fig. 4)9 it follnws thtit thc after-
g}1t1CIt nrea ig oriented mainly in thp gnuthensti-souehwegt direceion, and thr
fnreshncks nre Eew and scaetered with respeCt ro nren, gn that it tn dtf-
ficult tn ginglc dut the prednminnnr direcrinn.
It may, however, be assumed that the first two earthquakes in this zone
(25-26 ,Tuly), regarded as fereshocks of the main shock, were nctually
cnnnected with a difEerent focus. The orientation of the main geolagical
structures ts an argument in favor of tliis assumption. tn tlie geologic-il
respcrt the Encnl points of these earehquukcs were LOC1tCd within the
limits of calcareous Uagestnn, which on thc modern structura1 plane is
complex-atrucCured synr.linal, complicttted by three anticltnal zones:
exterinr, ceneral nnd interinr. The aftershnck area of the Kilyatl carkh-
quhke was Confined [o the central anticlinal zone in the are.7 of the joint
of r}te Arnkmeerskiy and Tlokhskiy anriclincs, and thr epicenter of the m:itn
shor_k was cnnEined to the pereClinnl tr.ough of thc Ar7kmeerqkiy anric:line
.md to the orographically mnrked Kil'dimeerskiy Upper Cretar.cous p.lntenu.
In the spatiul respect, the earthquakea on 25-26 July were connected with
tlie fnterior anticlinnl zonc. The Kimmeriyskiy substratum and tliP sedi-
mentary cover in the stratigraphic interval--Lower Jurassic-Upper
Cretar�cous--5re part of the region'S geologic:il strurture. Titc seJimentary
c_ovcring ts 5-7 kilometers r.hick. In turn, the fault tectonics vf the :rrea
cif the earrhquake on 13 November 1974 are controllcd by tw(i sy-;trm:;: thcr
sub-Caur.asus--along thr, axis of the central anciclinnl zone, which ts the
structure nbove Che fault, and the anti-Caucasus, which coincides in thts
51
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Her.t I.on wltli the Andiytikoye Koyau River va11ey. The deep faule nretin in
the sedimentary r.nverinq arv manifeseed in elie form of flExurrp and feule
irreuularltirg ehae CnmplicaCe t}it-, folding. The spatial pnsit.inn dE the
EhGUij of ehe main shaek corregponds appreximaeely ro the boundery of the
siibstratum nncl the seclimenesry cavering in the nrea whi~re ehpge dpep
fault.4 iilterser.e.
gIt3LIbGItAPHY
1. Uzhiblddze, E. A., "Seismie AcCiviey and the Maximum Earthquakes for
ttie `Ccrriedry of Grorgia and Itg Vieiniey," in the bnok: "Izucheniye
guygmicheakoy opagnosti" [A Study of Seiemic DangEr], Taghkent, Fan,
1971..
2. Butdvskayn, Ye. M.9 atld KUzflptsOVA, Ye. I., "The Relaeinn of Graphs af
the Frequency of Carthquakes eo the Depth of the FbCUs and Itg Pogsible
InterprpCaCinn," IZV. AN SSSR. FIZIKA ZEMLI, No 2, 1971.
3. Kuznctaovn, K. L., "Zaknnomernosti raxrusheniya uprugovyazkikli Ce1 i
nckntnryye vozmdzhnnsti prilozheniya ikh k gey$moingii" ['Che Cnnfermnnce
td prinriple di the DesEruction nf Vigcoelastic Bodies and Poggibilirieg
of '1'heir Applicatidn Co Seismology], Moscow, Nauka, 1969.
4. Bune, V. I.; Kulagin, V. K.; and Soboleva, 0. V., "Seysmicheskiy rezhim
Vakhshskoga rgyona Tadzhikskoy SSR" (Seigmic Conditiong in the Vakhgh
itegion of the Tadzhik SSRj, nughanbe, Izdatel'stvo AN TadzhSSR, 1965.
5. "dtchet laboratnrii ai1'nykh zemletryaseniy 'Dagestanskoye
zemleeryaseniye 19701'" (Report of the Laboratory of Strong Earth-
quakCa, "Dagestan Earthquake in 1970"), Moscow, Fondy IFZ AN SSSR, 1971.
52
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5ALA 'I'AU L'ART1tQUAlCE ON 23 DCCCrffiER 1974 in llAGESTAN
q. A. Agmanov, S. S. Aref'ypv, Sh. G. Ilormachev, S. A. Kngparnv,
P. P. Kramynin, R. A. Levkovich, V. I. Shchukin
The earehqunke occurred on 23 Deeember aC 05:22 in the Dagestan faothills
wieh n magnitude df 7 poinrg at the erieeneer. Aecording tn the d7ta nf ~
the fteld seismoingica1 sCatidns at Uubki, Karnny, Uylym and Buynnkyk,
locnted nt epicenrral disCances nE frnm 7 eo 30 kilomerers, ehe cnnrdinates
nf elie ma,in shock were: ,y1 = 42, 3�, A - 46,9�; the FICCUCFiCy or deeermining
the epicenter wns + 2 km; the depCh of the forus--13 km; the enorgy c:lnsq--
K = 13. 6.
r
'I'he cpirrnter nf the enrthquake wns located in thc central pnrt of thc
5n1n-'Pnu plaeeau, 40 kilomeeers northeast nf the Kilyael' ent'Chqunlce nn
13 November 1974 (see separate drticle in this collertion).
In the geological regpeCC the Eoral nrea is locaCed w:ithin the Khndumskiy
dnme, which is a largE transverse uplift complicating the snuthern rim df
the Terskn-Caspian murginal trough. According to the existing concepCs,
ttie geological structure of ttie Khadmskiy dome is caused Uy the presence
oE cryptolaccolite with the depth of the occurrence of the peak Qf the
mngmatogenic body in the ordcr of 5 kilomeCers.
On the geningicnl plnne the region consists of terrigennous-carbonnr.cous
Mesn-Cenozoic depostts in the strnCigraphic interval--Jurnssic-I'nleogene.
A r.hnrnr.teriqtic feature nf the cross section is the development nf gub-
vCrticnl r.ones of qiinrtzificntion within the Khadumskiy dome, which proves
the presence of a magmatic body in the core of the dnme. The hypocenter
of the mhin shnrk was located aC the boundary beCween the sedimrntary
rovering and the consolidated substratum, and the nfters}iock nrea, with
an extent of 15 kilometera, intersected the sedimentary cnvering vf the
central part nf the Khndumskiy dome parallel to the r.onc of the deep
antt-Caucasus faults of the northeast sCrike. on the plane the aftershock
area has two orthogonal branches, coinciding with the fault tectonics oC
the Kfindumskiy dome.
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rigurr. 1. A Copy nf the 5eigmogram of the Main Shock, Recorded by the
Seigmnlogicel StnCion at Buynaksk
The coordinates of the hypocenters nf the main shock and afrershnckg wrre
determined by Wadati's method or the isochronal method, using the recordingg
of the geismdlogical stations at Makhachkala, Buynaksk,* Dylym,* Karanay* ~
nnd nruzhba.*
Of ttie nearby statians, the mnin shock waa most clearly registered by the
acismological station at Buynaksk (SKM + GB-III and I50-2 + SSS), lncated
30 kilometerq from the earthquake's epicenter (Fig. 1). The aetsmological
sCntion at bylym (StiM + CK-VIt) wes Incated even clnser to the epicenter,
and the recarding of the main shock here was almnst unreadable, but the
scrles of sliocks immediately following the mein one, when eight earthquakes
dccurred in the courge of 8 minutes, one of which was with K= 11, two with
K= 10, Cwo with K- 9 and Chree with K= 8, were clearly singled out.
Ttie maximum dislocation in the main shock, at the seismological station at
E3uynaksk, was 0.73 mm in a period T a 1.3-1.5 sec, which correaponds on
the MSK-64 scale to a magniCude of Ze = 5 points. The build-up time of
the amplittide of che vibrations from the moment of arrival of the longi-
tudinHl wave /)to che maximum value 4cr of the transver4e wave cY was
ti = 6 sec. The time of drop in amplitude from the value -6wx to
1/3 4,.,.r., f; = 13.5 sec.
*
Fteld stetion.
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Figurc 2. Diagram To beCermine the Mechaniem nf the FbCU9 far r.he
Sala-Tgu Earthquake
1--nodgl lines nf f-waveg; 2--compressidn wgve; 3--rarefactidn wiive;
4--AXl$ of gtress, cempresgion and coneraction
'Che mechnnism of the fo.us o1' the earChquake on 23 Uecember (Fig. 2),
derermined by S. S. Aref'yevyy, is characterized by the following parameters.
The ftrst variant: strike azimuCh of the plane of the fault /It, s 18 + 10;
dip in the fault plune to the west aC an gngle of e, = 66 + 10� toward the
horizon; movement of the type af a fault with a relotive sinking nf the
cnstcrn limb and companents a1ong the gtrike 0.36 and along the dip 0.93.
5er.ond vnriant: strike azimuth of the faUlt plane .~z2 = 153 + 10�; dip
of the fnult plane roward the east-northeast at an angle of c, = 32 + 10�
roward the horizon; movement of the thrust rype with compdnents nlong the
strike 0.41 and alnng the dip 0.91. The solution was given from 27 signs,
of which 17 were pluses (including 4 contradicting ttie snlution) nnd 10
minuses (including 1 contrndicting it). The number of contradictory gigng
(182) does not exceed the permissible level.
A macraseismic investigation of the consequences of the earthquake was
made during the period from 23-29 December 1974. Some 47 population
centers in the neearby zone were studied. The intensity was esttmated
accarding to the M5K-64 scale and the main results are refler.ted in Table 1
ond in the diagram of the isoseismal lines (Fig. 3).
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,
0 ~ r ~ N

1
'G(
1tt1 ~
~
~ e
~
~
IOko i~lOu
Ot De 0e-e0e -e,-4-eQ)4 $3-498 pR
i
Figure 3. Diagrgm of Isoseismal Lineg of the Sala-Tau Eerthquake
on 23 December
1--intensity
'I'he pleistoseismal area, with an elliptical shape (6 X 12 km) ig located in
a sparsely populated locality and includes two population centerg--Zubutl'
And Ikho, completely destroyed earlier by the Dagestan earthquake of 1470,
and mnved to the plains. Therefore, we are giving the eatimate of the
magnitude of the earthquake according to the numerous ground deformatiang
and sensations of individual inhabitants remaining on farms.
buring the investigation of the earlier destroyed village of Zubtl', newly
fnrmed extended cracks were noted everywhere: in the rock (limestones atid
clay of the Neocomian period) with the opening up Co 1 centimeter wide.
Rock falls and waste were observed at the canyon rirns of the Sulak River.
Noted in this sgme village was the interesting fact that during the earth-
quake the rop of a walnut tree was sheared off--thts took place before the
eyes of a local inhabitanC who was gathering wood in the abandoned orchards
at the time of the shock.
According to the observations of a cowherd, A. Magomedov, in the village of
Ikho at the moment of the earthquake an 23 December 1974 the eastern rim of
the Sulak River canyon tilted, after which the shepherd was thrown off his
feet by a gtrong vertiCal shock. The cows that he was herding lay down on
the ground directly before the shock.
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Tiible 1. Macraaeigmir. Uera vn the Carehquake an 23 ber.ember
t,oraiiey A, km Locaiiey d, km Ldcaliey d, tcm
7 pnints Kithdni 5d
Nethby-yurt
yuh L1'
iklie
6-7 pdinrs
Dubki
GCS
G poihts
Inclikhc
nylym
cng raia
Guni
Khubar
Akt,a r ty
Nixhniy ighknrty
5-6 pointg
KizilyurC
BnvCugay
Novolnkskoye
Kalininaul
Leninnul
2 Miatly 8
3 Novyy Chirkey i,5
VerkHniy Karanay 22
Buyngkok 30
Grpe1i. 25
S
6 S poinee
ArLlukh
Bureunny
9
Aimak ,
15
Ctiiryure
14
Kizilyurt
8
6
4-5 pninCq
iG
21
Unegkul'
Mekhei'ea
Tlyarara
23 4 pointg
16
27 Khasavyurt
20 Khunzgkh
19 Gorsati'
3-G poi.nes
Makhnchknla 55
Sergalra1a 8E3
Gergebtl' 58
3 poin tg
21
14
Levashi
72
19
Kakhib
68
16
Karabudakhkent
67
23
Bdtlikh
65
2-3 pnints
32 Izberbngh 100
37
34 2 pnin ra
BsUnyurt
Gudermei;
30 Sovetgkoye
53 (Chechenn-
54 Ingush ASSEi)
Vedeno
64
64
90
59
Clnsr tn the instrument epicenter (Akhgu ravine) there were fresh sepnrn-
tions Ernm the acarps of the Upper Cretaceoug limegranes, sterlike sub-
SIdCtICE'.S on the tnlus slopes and nlso craCks running parallel to the rims
of tha ravine. The above fentures were tnken as the bnsis for singling nut
the 7-point pleistoseismal zone frdm the instrument epicenter to the villege
nf Iklin.
Nine population centers were investigated within the 6-7-point xone. In the
,7rea nf tlie ser.tion line of the Chirkeyskaya GE5, during thP main shock,
workers at the seismological station observed surface "earCh" wnves. Thnse
working at the GES construction pro3ert took the main shock as a powe rful
explosion. According to their sensations the shock was vertical. Only
after the beginning of the strong rock slide from tha canydn rims did it
become clear that it was nn earthquake. T'he metal strur.tures .3nd reinforced
cnnr.rete structures at the section line of the Chirkeyskayn CES dam had nu
viaible damage.
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- i
~i ~ . . .
' ' . ~ ~~.i i'VY 4.. ~ . . ...;aAi�AyF ~ ~i
:~lK.P~.xs~ . `
� u` ~ . a~i �mt
. . . _ ,.1
`M1 ~
. . ~ _y.
. . ~ . . .
. ~ . ~ . . . . .
Figure 4. Separaeion af Magonry in a School guilding in Inchkhe

- - -
- - - -

~

figure S. Copy of the Seismogram frnm the 5tation gc Druzhba With Unusual
Microseismic Background. Beginning 19 Hours Before the Main Shock
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a
~
ft
is
ff
3
I 1 i i H r1 i I &Vs
.r ~ s 6'r sfK qiqaqfq;gr4aqt r, e na 0-4 t,
Figure 6. bigtribution of Number of Fareghoekii of Earthquake nn
23 Dccertrtber With Respect ta Eaergy Giagges K Eind Periadg
, in Aecdrdaaee With thp Maxirtum Anpiitude of the Trangvormi!
Wave
Figure 7. C:hange in the Number of Foceshackg in Tinae=-Earh rdtnt nn the
Graph Gerreqpdnds te the Numbpr of Shdckg in the Twd hayi4
t;
0,6
o,s
6
� ~~~~~~~~~i~
's

00~ o i
~m a~ m Q oo�i
000 moo*
' �
n !I /J /f /f !B /7 !d J.0 t0 t! tt t, cym.
 .fr4.f *,,f0 O.~J,ff m~0 ~~J�e~'f O~'f,~lO~'B�,!l~1,i~ Ql17,d
F'igure 8. Graph of thC Ghange in the period T in Tine fnr Varinus K--ehh
hoMznntal gpgments of the linhg ghow ehe length of the
microseiaw M.S-O,US aith a period of 0.05 scc., M5-0.5 Wich
0.5 ser.
59
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,Y:/i
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T~ib1c� 2. Aftceshhrk.4 ci1' elte Sd1n Tau Carehquake dn 23 Deeember 1974
...s.~
_
Ci~
MaMtwtaoiNaK+
Nf
U
pj00F6NNifibljflN
rOWOQTb 6fl
fiowocton 31teptetwe
1
lNNM, /q\
/
lltHt~
~ Q
p!AlAL'HNII
Pfly6NN
s p!A!AlNNN,
VlQIt11A
~ M!
~ N
jHN4110,
p6ie I IfM
He kM
fHraNqAlt
* ft
ItAkQ
R`
~
6
3J.Ji11 1974
03 23 03~8
418 sy
t d6�d9#
2
S~S
l
S
13
6
OS 27 09,)
42 39
46 49
+
-
~
1
9
0,328 34,9
42 38
46 49
4
-
~
8
83 3000.5
42 59
46 49
2
9
OS 31 32,5
43 39
46 32
d
8
OS JJ 06,3
43 03
46 32
3
S
~
8
OS 38 42,7
42 38
46 SO
4
_
-
g
OS 44 20,4
42 S8
46 SO
{
~
~
7
OS 49 42,0
42 56
46 47
,
7
06 SS 43,1
43 02
46 S2
,
07 02 44,9
42 S7
46 49
4
>
~
8
01 AS 38,9
43 02
46 52
1
7
08 19 31,7
43 OZ
46 53
4
8
AB 59 39,6
42 59
46 47
3
3
2
10
09 38 17,S
43 02
46 52
4
i
-
8
09 SS 23,5
42 57
16 S4
4
10 24 39,4
43 00
46_si
3
4
~
8
12 43 07,3
13 01
4V52
3
4
2
8
13 13 30,3
43 01
46 32
4
13 41 30,4
43 01
16 31
3
4
2
g
16 13 36.3
43 01
46 SI
3
S
2
8
17 59 $0,6
47 00
46 Sp
3
4
2
g
17 17 17.1
43 00
46 00
3
4
2
8
19 14 13.3
42 39
46 18
3
4-S
2
8
24.X11 1974
22 28 06,8
00 39 13,7
42 58
42 S9
46 48
46 49
3
3
4
� 2
8
01 � 56,3
42 S8
46 49
4
6
2
8
7
01 47 54,2
42 39
46 3U
3
,
2
7
02 34 53,9
03 23 ,8,4
42 S9
42 38
46 49
46 19
4
;
,,S
3
7
17 2048.1
42 39
46 SO
4
,
3
2
2
7
7
17 48 19.5
43 00
46 47
3
4-S
2
8
18 3940.0
42 38
46 SO
3
4S
2
11
19 44 34,0
43 01
46 S2
3
4-S
2
10
19 46 35,4
43 00
46 SO
4
4
;
6
20 37 16,5
12 SB
46 48
2
6
1
S
8
21 29 37,5
21 SS 11.2
42 58
~12 S9
46 SO
46 49
2
3
.
~
~
21 36 0M
42 S9
46 SO
2
4SS

2
I
s
B'S
8
23.XIt 1974
0~ 33 49.3
42 39
46 SO
3
7
6
'
2
03 34 p3,8
42 59
46 SO
4
4
4
3
10
10
2A.Xit 1974
OS 34 22,1
06 01 06,3
43 00
43 00
46 48
46 +9
;
;
3
2
9
29.X11 1974
14 0049.2
42 $9
46 SO
+
6
2
9
14 4S 19,8
42 S9
46 SO
2
S
1
S
9
15 02 36,9
42 38
46 49
3
.
11
1�1 1975
23 17 29,9
09 09 32.1
42 38
42 58
46 SO
46 SO
2
4
4
j's
g
2�1 1975
6.1 1975
22 37 34,7
12 3S 01,1
42 36
42 57
4
46 S3
46 49
6
4
3
8
~ '
7
1 197S
.
.
.S
6_7
2
~
1
5
8
.
9�1 1975
II 12 18.1
01 39 39,8
42 37
42 S9,S
46 S2
46 52,2
4
2
S
'
M S9 30,1
42 39,4
46 52,3
2
6
1's
I.S
8IS
8
(Key nn Fnliowing PageJ
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xe.y:
1. Daee
2. Mamene of oceurrence, hrs, mina, seca
3. Coordinaees of epiceneer
4. AecUraey of deeermining epi.eeneers, * km
5. Depth H, in km i
6. Accuracy of determining dapCh, � km
7. Energy class, K
,
,
~o8) o
0 o
\ p o ~ s
~ ~ ~
\ di0
~ ~ o dPy~*'da
/ o � ~
/ o 11% .
, ~
o/ ~
~
~ ED o# rO# Oioo9 010
A s ~
Figure 9. Aftershocks of the 5ala Tau Earthquake on 23 December
1-- main shock according to instrument data; 2--aftershocks; 3--seismo- LL
logical station; 4--boundary of aftershock area
.4y
d
.
l000 ~ /

/00
t ~
4 1000,
IJ t~ ?,f 16 l1 Ie 19 O JJ J t J 4 S 6~ e
,~t~ra6pi A~4ap~
Figure 10. Graph of Change in Time of Seismic Activity (a) and Predominant
Periods of Transverse Waves (b) From 23 December 1974 to
9 January 1975
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At tht yol�ClLtmone of Uubki in a brick building of the Chirkeyakayn CCS
AdmliiLmernl.Lon nC ConptrucCion, crac:ks werp formed in the pgrtiCions end
ln llic Jolnts between the panel ceiling floorg. Fine cracks werp noCed
im man y brick houseg.
In the villages of Dylym, Khubar, Guni, Goatiala and others, the prioriry
study wgs made of capira1 structures made of brick in which cracka were -
obgerved in the pareitions everywhere. In some cases (schoola in Ynchkhe
and Coseala) gCaggered crACka were noCed glong the masonry (Fi.g. 4), and
at e school in Dylym, bui1e nf brick--cracka going clear through in a mgin
wa11 on the thtrd floor.
At glt the populaeion centere in ehis zone hanging objeces fe11 from wa11s
and cupboarda. The population abandoned the buildings in fright, and many
spene the following night outdoors. Negr Dy1ym a fresh slide appeared in
the ealus deposits.
The 6-poine isogeismal line has an e1lipCical ahape (40 X 20 km), the macro-
axis nf whir.h exCends Co the northwest, forming a right angle with the
aftershock area. The intensification of the effect in the northwest-
southeast direceion from the focus we explained by the existence of g
weakened zone above the fault along the line from Buynaksk to Dylym, alnng
which, during the earthquake on 14 May 1970,intensification of the seismic
effecr on the ground had also been noted (Sulak breakaway slides and Achinsk
cave-in).
In the zone wiCh the intensity of the action from 5 to 6 points, 16 popula-
tion cenCers were studied that made iC possible to produce the 5-point
isoseismal line with cereainty. The most characteristic damage for the
b rick and stone structures in this zone were cracks going clear through in
the partitions, cracks in the joints of the buildings, hairline cracks in
the foundations of the building, plasCer crumbling and objects falling.
In some houses in Novyy Chirkey brick ovens were damaged.
In Dylym, Guni, Khubar, Gostala and other villages schoolchildren ran out
of the buildings in panic. There were cases of objects falling from the
cupboards in the schools.
In the 4-5-point.zone (Mekhel'ta, Untsukul', Gotsatl', etc.), hairline
cracks in the partitions and joints were noted in buildings made from
rubble using cement mortar. Most of the inhabitants did not leave the
buildin gs after the shock.
Preliminary processing of the instrument data obtained at the seismological
station at Druzhba OSB-VI oscillograph., SM-2 se3smic deCectors and GB-IV
galvanometers with an increase in seismic channels: north-south, V= 500,
,Z-V = 1500; east-west, P = 1500), which proved to be almost at the epi-
center of the earthquake, made it possible to single out a series of
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43 Curcwurning ahncks from ii rn 23 necember, 'Che energy cl-ayges nf rhese
eurthquakes were f.rom 4.5 eo 7,5, and the epicentrnl distHnces vaxied Exnm
3 ro 15 ici7.ometers.
Same 19 hours before the main shock, according eo the seismngrams ar the
seismological sration ae bruzhba, unusual shorC-period microseisms with n
period of 7'ii = 0.05 sec (rhe microseismic period was determined ag the
average For 10 vibr~tions), which were observed during approximately
3 hours. Then rhey were replaced by ones of n longer period ( T,7 - 0.5 sec),
which coneinued up ro the moment when the main shock occurred.
Figure 5 vhows a copy of the seismograms, where the microseismic bnckground
usual for the aeismological station at Druzhba (5-6 upper lines) were
gradually replaced by the unusual vibraCions mentioned (cenCer lines).
Ftgure 6 shows the distribution of a number of foreahocics wir.h respect to
the energy classes K and predominant per3ods T, correspnnding to the
maximum ampliCude of the transverse waves (rv singled out in visual process-
ing of the seismograms). Tt can be seen from the diagram that mosC of rhe
�orewarning shocks lie in the inCerval 4.5 < K_< 7, and the disCribution is
clase to nor.mal and the greatest number ot waves has a period from 0.1 to
0.4 sec.
From Cigure 7, where the distribution of the number of foreshocks in time
is shnwn, one can see the substantial increase in the number of shocks for
the 48 hours jusC before the main earChquake. Figure 8 shows the change in
eime of the periods and the periods of the microseisms from 11 to
23 December. The earthquake on 23 December was accompanied by a series of afrershocks
(Table 2, Figure 9). ,
It was not possible to trace the aftershock activity of the Sala-Tau earth-
quake fully enough, since on 10 January 1975 the Buynaksk earthquake
occurred (I = 7-8 points), the aftershock area of which was propagated far
to the northurest, as the result of which it proved to be practically impos-
sible to single out the feeble aftershocks of the Sala-Tau earthqtlake.
From 23 December 1974 to 9 January 1975, 155 aftershocks we re registered,
and 54 of them occurred during the first 2 days after the main shock.
Figure 10 shows the graphs of the change in time of the seismic activity
- and the predominant periods, T, of the transverse waves of the
af te rshocks.
The seismic activity was estimated according to the formula
K = Kmax �
i 10y(K - 10)wk
1000 K' Kmin
A 1 � ST
Kmaut - Kmin + 1
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. tcir thc movfng time intervnla in n 24-hnur peridd. The value nf ehe mdving
intervnl wnH o11nsen ns vnrying (fram one Cn four 24-hnur perindp), witlt eho
prrl'orrnrr gLven eo the l.nwegt volue and, only if not a sing1e earthquake
urcurred itt It were ncEi gizeH of tlin intervel inerennrd. `I'he area occupied
hy tlic tltteCyI1tlCI(y was tlgqUttletl Cd be equal eo 80 squnre kilameeerp. The
' ma};nttudca nf the "laral" aeeiviLy during the time interval under discussihn
proved tn be ewn-ehrr-c orderg o� magnitude hi.gher rhnn the average fnr a
period nt' many yenrs .
'I'he perindy nf the rranyverse waveg, , were deCermined frnm the recnrdingg
ol' the yetsmological gtneion aC Druzhbg. ny using the perindg 7' , mensured
i'or enrthqunkr4 with rin enerqy c18sg G.S.i,, K4- 9, s mesn eurve wns ploteed
tl,at rvttrrtrd the rlwingr In the predaminant periedg /s in the elmr i(sar
Ftg. Ifl), 'I'hc averagtng wny pertnrmed fnr the parthquakep of thr eneire
mer�tired range nf ClasSeg. Thr time relation for individual energy elasges
way nnt eximined because df the insufficiene number df earthquakes cnrre-
spancling to the given clnss. The dotted part of the curve in the diagram
dep[vts thc yection ploeCed according to the gmall number nf points, ond
m.hy he cnnsidered sufficienely reliable.
't'ne cnmbined tinalysis of the above desnribed graphg shows ChnC the relntian
hetwecn t}ie seismic activiCy and the predominant period i, is complex in
ity nature. tn mosr cases, however, the reduction in the xctivity Coin-
cicles with the increase in the pcriod T.
Thcr Saln-Tnu earehqunke on 23 becember 1974 may nbvinualy be included amnnK
the sn-r..711ed "multiple" earthquakes, in which tlie earthquake occurs as tiie
restilt af several consecutive jolts. Of greatest interest from nur stand-
point is the foreshock activity Just before the main earthquake. The
incrensc in the number of foreshocks during the two 24-hour periods before
the main enrthquake (Fig. 7), the reductinn in their periods to 0.1-0.25,
ttic predominanr.e of the energy class of 5.0-6.0 (Fig. 6) and the manifesta-
tton (if specific microseisms 19 hours before the mgin shock (Fig. 5) may in
aggregate def.initely characterize the process of Ctie preparntion of the
fcir.nl urea for the earthquake.
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rd12 tlCVtCIAL U5C dNLY
f.A(211I(1UAKR5 iN WL'STC[tN 'I'URKMCNIYA
G. L. Cnl inykiy, T. N. Gnrddkova, A. R. Rnkhimov
In 1975, ewd key seigmic gtatinns recarded parChqunkeg in Turkmeniya--
Ashkhnbed and Kyzyl-Arvae--gnd gix reginnal sCations--Vannnvgknyn,
Nrbir-Ung, Krasnavadsk, Kurn-Kaln, Kixy1-ACrek and Kankhica. `I'he setttions'
inqtrumenC rquipmcnC nnd the basic parnmeCerg nf iC are given in [1).
'C1ie methhdnlogy oE the dnea pracegging is described in detail in this wnrk.
tn 1975 ehere were nbnur 600 earthqu7keg, which, with regpcct Co qu7ntiey,
.ilmost rcnr.hes 1974, 'Che epicenters of the focpl points could bc deCer-
mined Enr 565 enrthquakes. Their diseribution by regions and energy
r las,se;s is givrn in Table 1.
'i'able 1. bisCribuCion of Enrehqunkea in WesCcrn 'Curkmaniya by Reginns
nnd Energy Classes
1 (Z) K118CC9HlpfNMK
p.RoH 1 4-r 6 r, t a r 9 10 F , 12 BeW
Key:
(4)A1Ux.6uAcKHa ' a' 19 ' 34 ' 48 51 37 S t 199
(5) 3anamo�TypKMeH� - 1 6 12 10 18 11 4 1 63
C1cNR
(6)NpaHcxiR 1 - - 38 122 81 47 10 4 303
( 7) Ntoro S 20 40 98 183 136 63 15 S 565
t. aesion
2. Energy clnss, K
3. Total
4. Ashkhabad
5. Western Turkmeniya
6. Iran
7. Total
[n 1975 the seismic enerRy released as t}ie result of the earthqunkes, proved
to he lower than in the precedinR year (Table 2).
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`i'nbla z. Number nnd Lncrgy of Eerthqunkes in Turkmeniya in 1974 and 1975
NQ
4NCna 3eMnetpecetaA
9~i~ �
OAntu ce0.
4
S
A
7
S
9
10 1
11
11
13

roA
~MM~ItCK~II
ueprnm (4)
Kry;
1974 d 13 48 90 165 172 87 31 S Z 619 2,910"
1975 6 20 40 98 183 135 63 iS S - $66 7,2 10"
Ynar 3. Tora1 for year
2. Number of enrtliryuakeg 4. Toea1 seismic energy
'Ilie rIunntt tnCivr diqtribueihn of earthquakes by years, givrn in '1'able 2,
yhnwy graphicnlly Che seability nf eh� manif.esCaeion of feeb1e egrthqunkes
wiCti Kc,'_' 9: in 1974 there were 492 earthquakee with K= 4-9, and in 1975--
483. The strnng earChquakeg wiCh K> 10 decreaged considerably, hnwpver:
from 125 in 1974 Co 83 in 1975,
'Clic chnracCeristtc Eeature of the manifegtaeion of seismiciey Chig yenr
ts ehe abaence of perccptible earthquakeg within the terrirory of rhe
Turkmpn SStt. Five quite sCrnng parthquakes (four wirh K= 11 and one with
o~,, - 4.8*) had focal points probably at a great deprh, and therefore cnuld
nnt evoke the effect of surface shocks. No aimilar picture tias been
dbyervpd in the entire last 30 yegrs (2, 31 that have passed since ttie
Aahktinbad earthquake of 1948.
!3y r.omparing the data from Table 2 with the spatial distributinn of the
for.al points (figs. 1, see inserC), recorded in 1975, groups o� earth-
quakca with K< 9 cgn be nored in new places: they are located to the
nnrt}ieaat, cast and southeast of Ashkhabad and the pleistoseismic zone of
th4 Ashkhahad earthquake of 1948. Mcqt of them occurred in the Cis-Kopeedag
depre:tsion and only a small number--in Che mountainous strucCures of
Eaqte rn Kopetdag.
in the aeiamic history of Turkmeniya, the Eastern Kochetdag region is
chararterized by menger informatian on earthquakes (2, 41. At the same
time, it ia known tliat in 1904 two destructive earthquakes occurred here:
the strong Eoreshock on 20 March and the main jolt on 9 November. Accord-
tng to C{ie estimate of C. L. Golinskiy [4, Sj, the first enrthquake had
M= 5.7, Ie = 8 points, and the second-- M= 6.3, I. = 8-9 points. The
Lntc r hietihkhedskoye earthqunke (incorrectly named in the literature as the
Kanktikinskoye earthquake [6-8; and othersJ was accompanied by strong
tremors on the Cerritory of Turkmeniya as well: in the regional center
of Kaakhka, Ashkhabad and other villages.
in 1912 anottier earthquake occurred, the focus of which was north of the
firGt two, t.e., rloser to Turkmeniya. The magnitude of the eartliquake
was M = 5.5 [4, S].
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N 24 hc:tdber 1960 therc wnq quite n gCrnng enrelirytlttlcc i.n Knakhlcu, tlic
t'UCllq ot' whir.li wtia 1acneed itt rhe vicin:LCy of Kankhka. 't'he pnrameGerq nf
thL� cnrtllhubke, hreliminnrily diseugsed in [2, 9-111, were subsehuently
drl'iiiecl more precisely by C. L. Gnlinakiy [4, 51, Thr.y lncli.ectte thttl thc
Ihrir foru4 is tnr.l.uclecl tn n zonr poteneialty actfve in the sGtsniie reppnct.
HciqmuteCtnnic: cnndiCinng of thi.a region arc characCcri7ed Uy quirc n
cnmplex sysCem af 1ateru1 end lnngieudin8l faulrs fauleg, farmcd during
vartnus gedihgica1 ageg. The ineensi.ve reCiprocaeing moeidng nr tho mdst
recent time regeneraeed the anciene fnules nf the Gyaursdngskiy and
Kelnegkty nnCielinnl fnldg, having caused asystiem nf gecondnry fau1ts ChaC
ineerseCr Cnsee rn KopeCdgg in differenC direcCiong. 'Che differeneigeed
mneinn alnng the faults split the basic gtruetures of Easeern Knpetdag ined
a sr.rieg nF individual large and small blocks, the slightiegt shifes of
whinc cuuse enrehryuAlces here.
tn the npinidn af G. L. Colinskiy (12], one of the condieidng nccelprnting
ehe process dE build-up nE e1asCic energy in the Enstern Kopetdag regidn
is, pnasibly, the pregCnce o� the Kaakhka depreggion. Ie brenlcs up the
4trucrurc: oE Enqeern Knpeedag inro ewd separaee uplifrs--ehe Gyatiradagskiy
range, ndiacpnt en the depressian frnm the norChwest, and the Ke1arskiy
range, nbutting the gnme depresyion from the soutihenst. probnbly in Chis
znne af sepnratinn nE the mountain ranges verrical nnd tnngential movemnnCg
uccur thnt cnuse ehe accumu]ntion af energy and intensificntl.on oC the
rcr.tnnic de formation.
In 1910, within the reginn described, the Eastern Kapetdug earthqunke was
recnrded, with a magnitude at the epicenter of Ie = 7 points [4, 51. Tkiis
fart indicates ehat during the Kankhka enrthquake of 1966, not anly did no
relieving of the H185t{C deformations occur in the region, and not only
were no tectonic stresses removed, but conditions were created for a new
concentration of stresses in the zone located only 30-40 kilometers soutti
of the 1966 focus.
Suhsequent events showed that the level of seismic acttvity in CasCern
Kopetdag was not reduced: in 1974, right here, sotitheast of the Gynurskiy
phase, in the Knakhka depression, again a quite strong (M 4) earthquake
or.c:tirred, wliich was felt in a number of the foothill villages of 7'urkmeniya
wit}i n magnitude of up to 4-5 points [1].
1n ac * cord7nce with the above information, the concentration of epicenters
ohse rved in 1975 (see Fig. 1) is probably the result of an intensification
of setgmic activity in the Eastern Kopetdag area. Unfortunately, because
of the lack of seismological stations in this region, it is impossible to
determine accurately enough the coordinates if tlie epicenters, to regisrer
ttie feeble (K < 9) shocks and to map the zones of increased activation.
Almost no essential changes in the spatial distribution of strong earthqti,7kes
(K - 10) were observed tn 1975, as compared with 1974. As before, the
strongest earthquakes (K = 12) occurred in Iran: one on the southern coast
of the Caqpian Sea, two in a reqion located south of the Turkmenian settlement
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cif KNra-Kaia, and nnc beeween Che large Irgnian eieiep df KuehBn, Nishapur
xind Sobr.rvtir. Tho weakese jd1ts (K - 10-11) were roneenCraeed in the ineer-
mrd[nke ynne betwpen the focdl ndines of the sCrong earthquakeg.
th~~, vortliyu:ikc� wlth
K=~ ll wng nutnd
wtCllin Sovtee
TurkmeniHenn, tLs fueus
W114 Iovritod ln dir
Cnyplan Scu ee ti
depth nf over
40 kilameters. 'CIle Hrt-
tlrmr.nt oloacyt tn
the epicrnrer nf
the earehquake
was Ganen-Kuli.
SduEhwegt oC Kragnnvddwk, Cwd earthqunkes wi.rh K a 11 were regigeered.
mheir EbCl15 wng alsd located in the Caspian Sea--in the fraeCure xone df
the Knpetdag fauLt. 'rhere were a1sa two earChquakes wiCh K= 10 eage nf
Krnsnnvodak. As before, the earehqunkeg were nored in the viciniey of the
City, Mue were weakcr, wieh energy in the order of K= 4-8 (see inget map
in Cig, z), probebly eau$ed by gecondgry phenomena and the accompgnying
prdcess df the relense of the seresses thae wag begun by the earehquakes
wi Ch K = 10-11.
Severtil enrthquakes alao dccurred in the Nebit-Dag region, with one of
thtm having gn enprgy nf K=].1, and three--K m 10. It should be noCed
rhat tliere were no earrliquakes last year in this reginn with rtiig grent
a magnitudc.
We see n cnmpleCely different picture in the distribution of earthquakes
witli K m 4-8: tliey dre concenttaCed in C}ie viciniCy of Ashkhabad, mainly
ocrupying the southetm and western aregs of the region. This corresponds
tn a situatidn that haa lasted for many years, observed in the dialocatinn
of the epicenters. This tradition too, however, proved to be diseurbed:
~ If one tracks the axial line of the spatial distribution of the cloud of
poinCR--the epicenters with K= 4-8, it is revealed that it passes through
ttie Iranian ciCy of Bodzhnurd and has an azimuthal span of about 30-40�,
i.e., cuts glmost perpendicularly the entire zone of the ancient disloca-
tionq of KopeCdag--the Kuchano-Meshkhedskiy and Vnutri=Kopetdag and Cis-
KopetdaR fau.lts. The dip of the axis was formerly in a sharply opposite
direction. It passed r_hrough Kuchan and was in line with the expanse of
the bnsic structures of Kopetdag--from the southeast tn the northwest.
S. Atahayeva. K. D. Lngutochkina, N. A. Makarenko and A. Kh. Musayew:
helped to process the data.
BIBLIOGItAPHY
1. GolinGkiy, G. L.; Rakhimov, A. R.; Gorodkova, T.
K. D., "Earthquakes in Kopetdag and the Adjacent
"Zemletryaseniya v SSSR v 1974 godu" [Earthquakes
Moscow, Nauka, 1977.
68
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N.; and Lagutochkina,
Regions," in the book:
tn the USSR in 19741,
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2. Cnl Lnpkiy, C. L. , xind Nepeanv, R. U. ,"Charnetertpti.r..4 or thr. 5cism:teiky
u[' tlia 'I'urkmcn 55R tJiCh [tesper.C Cn MnrrnseigmiG U.itn," Ii tht-, hnnlc:
"SetHmLxhndyt' 'Curlcmenii" [SciamiGiCy nf Turkmeniynl, Aglilchabnd,
13ttym, 1968,
s, "'l.omlttryayeniya v 555R v 1962-1974 godakh" [Earthqunkes 1.n Chc USSR
111 1962-19741, Moscow, Nauka, 1963-1971.
4. "Nhvyy kyea1ng ai1'nylch zemletryaseniy na CerriCorii SSStt s drevneyshikh
vremen dn 1975 gada" [New Caeglog of Serong Earrhqunkes dn the Territnry
ot e11e USSit From Anciene Timeg ed 19751, ediCed by N. V. Knndnrgkayn �
nnd N. V. Shebalin, Moscow, Nauke, 1977.
5. Cnlinskty, C. L., "Khronologicheskiy katieing ai1'nykh i dshchtumykh
yemletryaseniy Turkmenii s 2000g. do n.e, po 1975" CChrdnnlogicnl
Caerling nf 5erung and perr.eprible Earehqugkes in Turkmeniya Frnm
2000 t3.C. tn 15751, Aghkhabad, Fnndy IFZ and AN TSSit, 1975.
6. Corqhkov, G. r., "Earehqugkeg in Turlcmeniya," "mrudy SI AN SSSR"
(tJorkg of the Siberian nranch of ehe USSIt Acudemy of Sc:iences],
MOgCqW-Leningrad, No 122, 1947.
7. ttcznnnv, I. A., "Tektonika i seysmichnosC' 'Ctirkmeno-Khornsanakikh gor"
['Cectonir.s and Seismicity nf the Turkmen-Khorasan Mountains], Moscow,
tzdacet'acvo AN 555R, 1959.
8. Ruseanovich, n. N. ,"SeysmichnosC' Turkmenskoy SSR i Ashkhahadskoye
zemletryaseniye 194$ g." (SeismiciCy of Che Turkmen SSR and C1le
Ashkhnbad Earthquake of 1948), Moscow, 1967.
9. Colinskty, G. L.; Kallunr, K. D.; Lagutochkina, R. D.; nnd Nepesov,
R. n., "Earthquakes in Kopetdag," in the book: "Zemletryaseniya v
SSS[t v 1966 goduJ, Moscow, Nauka, 1970.
10. Colinskiy, G. L., "Estimating the Magnitude of the Kaakhka C7rthquake
on 24 October 1966," IzV. AN TSSR, No 4, 1972.
1 1. Colinskiy, G. L., and Rakhimov , A. R. ,"Parameters of ttie Kaaktik~
Earthquake on 24 Octaber 1966," IzV. AN TSSR, No 5, 1972.
12. Colinskiy, G. L., "East Kochetdag Earthquake on 4 Apri.l 1970," in the
book: "5i1'nyye zemletryaseniya Sredney Azii i Kazakhstan" [Strang
I:artliquakes in Central Asia and Kazakhstan], Vol S, Diishanbe, Donish,
1977.
69
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FoR dFFicInL usz ocvLY
EAR'tHQUAKCS IN CENTRAL ASIA AND KAZAKHSTAN
V. t. Ulomov, M. G. Plennva, M. P. Fadina, A. P. Katok, K. D. Dzhanuzakov,
V. K. iodko, T. A. Kinyanina, A. A. Kon'kov
Cnreliquakes in Cenrral Asia and KazakhsCan were recorded by 56 permanent
spismulogical sCations gnd partially by the network of highly eensieive
gecsmniogicgi staCions of the field type, affiliated with the seismological
institueions uf the republics df Central Asia and Kazakhstan. Ttiere were
no cssentinl chgnges in Clie 1ocation of the seismological atations and
nceir provision wiCh ingtruments in the republics of Central Asia. There
were some changeg in the network o� seismological stations located on the
territory of Kazakhstan. Here, because of transfer to a different location
these seismological stations were not in operation: Kurty, from the end of
August and ro the end of the year, Alma-Ata from March to October, Chimkent
from January to May. At the last two seations there was additional insCal-
lation of SKM -3 instruments with an increase respectively of 10,000 and
1,000 and at the Fabrichnaya seismological station--with an increase of
30,000.
A new seismological station was opened at Taldy-Kurgan in August, where
ttiree uniCs are in operation: SKM-3 + GK-7, V= 10,000, SK = GK-7,
V= 1,000; SM'TR and SBM.
5pecial F'eatures of the Manifestation of Seiamicity in Central Asia and
Kazakhstan
T}iis year 1,910 earthquakes with K 9 were registered on the territory of
Central Asia and Kazakhstan, of which 960 were located within the earth's
crust and 950--beneath its base.
'Itao maps of the epicenters of these earthquakes are given in figures 1 and
2. On one of them are plotted the epicenters of earthquakes with K= 9,
and on the other--with K-,-10.
70
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FOit OCFTGIA1, U5E ONI,Y
71
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
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w ro
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41
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72
FOR OFFICYAL USE ONLY
in
N
m
"4
c
,M
o~
n
~
~
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~ w
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ro

L
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`i'able 1. niseributidn of EarehqUakes by Energy C1~aties and Amaunt hf
Teeai 9Qismic Energy Reieased fer Major Seismic Zonea
ltpyrmue aoAcMO-
(2) KonNVeetso ~eMnetp~eeHUil p~anux Kn~ctef liteprnA
Z&ANt
re iN somu
q
10
11
ti
l3
14 ~c
.L Ce~epttwil(q) 36
12
2
-
1
- 51
1,04 - IA"
Te~atUuty
86
23
8
-
-
= 117
0,11 -lOt1
TR~itlwr
111,10MtttuRTAW 129
49
16
3,
.
2
- 199
W . 10ll
Wwr (6)
rv.na~+po�ro~� ass
137
sr.

7
- .393
960
9,~6 ~~o"
31 ~ 1014
1
~Kyw (ea 606
241
83
20
10

,
ltOQ001Ut !!M�
mtpaceHRR)
' V. I1&MNpo�TNN�(g) S44
285
85
31
3
2 9S0
2,73 ~ 10~~
aykyw (rny
6oK14e)
Key:
l. Major seismie zoneg
2. Number of earthquakes of varying energy classes
3. Total
4. Northern Tian Shan
5. Central Tian Shan
6. Southern Tian Shan
7. Pamir-Hindukush (total of cruat earthquakes)
8. Pamir-Hindukush (deep)
By analyzing these maps we see thaC, just as in rhe preceding years, the
majnrity of the weak eart�hquakes were confined to the Pamir-Nindukush zone
and to the system of ranges of CenCral and Southern Tian Shan. In Northern
Tian Shan the number of earthquakes noticeably decreased. The distribution
of the epicenters of the earthquakea forms a belt extended in the northeast
direction. A concentration of earthquakes is noCed in the Sarykol'skiy
range, formed by the repeated shocks of the Sarykol'skiy earthquake on
11 August 1914 with M= 7.3, and by a clusCer of weak earthquakes in the
region of the Petr Perviy range.
The epicenters of the strong earthquakes are confined to the same extended
zones, which are singled out for weak earthquakes. The principal part of
them is located in the Sarykol'skiy, Petr Pervyy, Kun'lun' ranges and also
on the souChwesC slope of the Zaglayskiy range.
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Tnblc 2. Number of Earthqugkas, Their Represeneatiiveness by Energy C1agses
nnd AmounC of Totg1 Seismic Energy
lVd, in
Name of regian and 3ts
Number of earCh-
Representg-
~le', J
ordcr
number
quakee
tive level,
K
Total from K>12
1. Northern Tian Shan
1
Northern Tic;n Shan
(No 7)
37 1
9
1.03-1013
2
Dzhungarakty AlaCau
60o1010
3
syerem (No 13)
9 -
9
.
3
Ishikotrau sands
0
00�1010
3
(No 14)
3 -
1
.
4
Taukum g ands (No 15)
1 -
10
1.00�109
5
Chu-Iliyskiy Mts (No 15)
1 -
9
1.00�109
6
Vetpak-Dala deserr
(No 17)
- -
11
-
7
Muyunkum sands (No 18)
- -
9
-
8
Karatau range (No 19)
- -
10
-
2. Cen
tral Tian Shan
9
Central Tian Shan
011
1
54�
(No 6)
25 -
9
.
1
10
Fergansk sya valley
11
74'
8
(No 8)
63 -
9
10
.
11
Chatkal'skiy range
010
60�
3
system (No 9)
11 -
9
.
1
60�1010
12
Tashken t region (No 10)
9 -
9
3.
26�1011
13
Kyzyl Kum sands (No 20)
7 -
9
9
1.
00�1010
1
14
Iuratau range (No 21)
2 -
.
15
Kara Kum sands
- -
10
-
3. Southern Tian Shan
16
Tadzhik depression
1011
S
34
(No 4)
42
-
9
.
�
17
Southern Tian Shan
�1013
(No 5)
156
5
9
2.44
18
Baysuntau Mts (No 23
1
-
9
1.00�109
4. Pamir-Hindukush
(crust)
19
Hindukush (No 1)
111
2
10
1.29�1013
20
5outhern Pamir (No 2)
78
5
10
1.51�lu^13
91�1013
1
21
Northern Pamir (No 3)
'
289
7
9
.
1013
73
22
lun (No 11)
Western Kun
94
9
11
�
3.
23
Takla Makan desert
21
1
11
1.03�1013
74
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Tab1c Z. (cnnt'd
No, in Name of region and ies Number df eareh- ttepreaenCx- J
order number quakes eive ].ovel.,
K
To Cal f rnm K 12
5. pamir-Hindukush (deep)
24 ltindukush 671 29 J 2.53-1014
25 5nurhern Pgmir (Nn 2) 274 29 g 2.53-1013
26 NorChern Pamir (No 3) 4 - 9 1.21�1011
27 Wesrern Kun' 1un (No 11) 1 - 9 1.004109
'1'tie eneire eerritnry of Central Asia and Kazakhstan had enrlier been
divided aCCOrding Co seigmoeecronin fearures into 23 seismoactive regions
(1], which were subsequenCly combined inti 4 majar seismogenic znnes
(Fig. 1). An analysie nf the seismic condiCions in CentraL Asin and
- KaznkhsCan is made henceforth according to these major seigmoactive zones,
and of more detailed seismiciCy--according to the smallest regions. The
quantitative parameCers nf the seismicity are calculated according to
rhesc zones and regions. The deep earthquakes of Pamir--tlindukusli are
examined separately and form zone 5.
The disCribution of earthquakes by major seismogenic zones is given in
Table 1. Information is given here an the Funount of eoeal seismic energy
released.
It can be seen from tables 1 and 2 that the greatest number of earthquakes
were registered in the territory of Pamir-Hindukush (zone 4) and Southern
Tian Shan (3), and Northern (1) and Central (2) Tian Shan were less active.
The lnrgest amount of total seismic energy was released in the Pamir-
Hindukush zone.
Ttie deep earthquakes, just as in the preceding years, are concentrated in
the regions of Hindukush and Southern Pamir. They form somewtiat extended
local areas, just as the belts that appear as the result of crust earth-
quakes, in the northeast direction.
The seismicity of in dividual seismoactive regions, just as of the seismo-
genic zones, is characterized by the total number of earthquakes rhar
occ.urred in each region and by the amount of total seismic energy, the
data on which is given in Table 2.
In the most seismically active Pamir-Hindukush zone, the main part of the
strong earChquakes is concentrated in the spurs of the Kun'lun and the
Sarykol'skiy ranges, as well as in the area of concentration of the deep
earthquakes--in Hindukush and Pamir.
75
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'I`wa earehquakee wirh K e 13 were recorded in the southern gpurs o� the
Kunlun tinnge on 11 Tebruary (Nos 60 7) nnd Cwo wieh K= 12, on 18 March
nnd 16 Nnvember (Nos 19) 61). To the weee of this group o� eurthquakes,
berween the Kunlun gnd Sarykol'skiy ranges, four serong earthquakes with
K= 12 were recorded (Nos 1, 29, 43, 45) and one eartihquake wirh K- 13,
which nccurred in ehe reginn of the Sarykol'skiy earthquake on 11 August
1974.
There wEre rwo earthquakes (Nos 62, 64) with K- 12 in Nnvember and Denember
dire cely in the Sarykol'skiy ran ge, Also worthy of noCing is a group of
three strnng earrhquakes wieh K= 13 (No 10) and 12 (Nos 11, 12) on
25 Februnry in SouChern Pamir, which were perceptible and on which macro-
seismic inf.ormACion is given below.
Strong earehquakes were glso recorded in Norehern Pamir (No 2), on the
southwestern slopes of the Zaalayskiy range (No 52), in the region of the
Petr Pervyy range (No 46) an d KokshaaL-Tau (No 47) and in Pamir-
Hi.ndukush (Nos 27, 34, 49, 56). One of them was recorded on 9 July (No 34)
in the village of Chil-Dar, located 40 kilometers from the epicenter, and
was fe1C wirh an intensiCy of 5 pointa (see caCalog). Srill another earth-
quake with K= 12 (No 37) occurred on 26 June in Southern F'amir, nor far
from Kulyab, and caused 5-point !Cremors in the village of Sary-Chashma
11 kilometers from the epicenter.
Four strong earthqualces immediaCely in the territory of Southern Tian Shan
were recorded in the Southern Tian Shan zone. Two of them--on 26 May, with
K= 13 (No 31) and on 10 De cember, with K= 12 (No 6 3)--originated on the
southern slope of the Kokshaal-Tau range, and the other two--on 2 July, with
K= 12 (No 40) and 31 July with K= 13 (No 44)--were confined to the 3unc-
ture of the Zeravshanskiy and Alayskiy ranges. Another two earthquakes
occurred in the foothills of the Alayskiy range: on 11 November, with
K= 12 (No 58) and on 12 August wiCh K= 11, information on the manifesta-
tion of which is given in the macroseismic section of this article and in
the catalog.
There were no eart::quakes in Central Tian Shan with K 12. Of the weaker
ones, we may note four earthquakes, three of which--on 30 October,
10 December and 27 Novemb!:r--occurred in the northern and eastern foothills
of the Alayskiy range, and the fourth--on 5 December--in the Kuraminskiy
ran ge. The energy class of these earthquakes did not exceed K= 11.
Characteristics of the Seismicity of the Quantitative Parameters
In order to trace the change in seismicity for the area and in time, the
quantitative parameters of the seismic conditions were determined--the
slope of the frequency graph (Y ) and the average level of seismic activity
(A10) for the individual seismoactive zones and regions, when the statistics
were sufficient.
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ron nrrIczAL usE nrtLY
'Cnb1e 3. Uiseributinn of EnrChquakes by CLnsyes K for Seismottcttve
Reginns, Values ot nnd Al0

ltonN4ecT1310 3enInoTpnceHHA pe311bix
nna( 3)
p psAoNN N Ne3e&�
Knaccoa DNeprNN (2)
Woue
1
7
a7
A 10
HMQ
9
10
ll
12
13
So kM
(4)
I, CcecpNbtq
36
12
2 - 287000
-0,62
t0,03
0108
(5)
'r11HL-Il1A}Ib
Il, L[eHrpanw{btq
86
23
320250
8 - -
-0,49
t0,01
U,UB
(6)
T1(Nb�WaHb
ill, 10HfH611k'imit-
129
49
16 3 2 255 000
-0,45
t0,02
0,20
( 7)
111aHb
1V, IIab,Npo�I'Hx�
355
157
57 17 7 350 000
-0,36
t0,01
0,50
ttyKyw
(4) I. Cesepebtil Tex�Wu+e
(4)
CEBCpHbIil TAHb�
25
9
' 2 - - 104 000
-0,55
f0,03
0,08
WaHb (PR 7)
(50, 110H7paJ1HLIA TlIH4IaHb
(5)
UCHTpa11IH161q
21
3
1 - - 35 000
-0,66
t0,02
0,09
TAH6-IIIaHb '(M 6)
44
13
26 000
, - -
-0,40
t0,09
0,56
(a)
OepM+CKaX AO�
neHa (M 8)
,
(6) (ll. IQ7KHb1fi TAN6�WYH6
(9)
Tu1meKCx,u uen�
24
11
7 - - 32500
-0,27
t0,06
0,38
)
peccNx (N44)
lO*N~i1 TgHb�
104
39
9 - - 227500
~,53
_
�0,03
0,18
Wan (M S)
(7) iV.IIaMmpaf'iuw~AYKYw
(10)
Cexuyxyw (NQ 1)
67
76
75 000
16 - -
-0,31
t0,09
0,30
Key:
1. Number of region and name
2. Number of earthquakes of various energy classes
3. Area S, km2
4. Northern Tian Shan
5. Central Tian Shan
6. Southern Tian Shan
7, Pamir-Hindukush
8. Fergana Valley
9. Tadzhik depression
10. Hindukush
The frequency graphs (Fig. 3) were plotted in consideration of the earth-
quakes in Che range of representative energy classes for individual regions
for the larger seismogenic zones and for the entire region of Central Asia
and Kazakhstan. The representativeness of each energy class was established
on the basis of the pattern of zones of representative energy classes K for
Central Asia, plotted on the basis of experimental material in 1970 and the
preceding years [2-4].
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l
Jr
~
iv v
x ~a
Cen C rg1
Asia
/
1 J0 ly E
Figure 3. Crnphs of Frequency of Enrthquakes in 5eigmogcrive Reginns (a)
- and in seismogenic zones (b)
1--flindukush; 2--5ouehern pamir; 3--Northern Pan,ir; 4--Tgdxhik depression;
S--Southern 'Cian 5han; 6--Centrgl Tian Shan; 7--Northern Tian Shan;
S--F'erqutta Velley; 9--Western Kunlun; 10--Tukla-Makan desert; 11--Karakum
Ttie pitcti angle of the frequency graph was �ound with Che aid of Che method
of leaat squares, and the root-mean-square error wdg computed in the same
way. Information on the digtribution of earthquakea according to energy
cingses in the zones and regions and on the parameCers and A10 are given
in Tabte 3. F'igure 3 gives the frequency charts plotted individually for
, the entire Central Asian region, for the majnr seismogenic zones and for
certnin seismoactive regions.
Figure 3, a Rives the frequency graphs plotted for individual seismic
regtons. These graphs may be combined into three groups for similar
vetues of and a10�
The first group is made up of regions Nos 1, 2 and 3, included in the
Pamt r-llindukush seismtc zone, region No 4--in Southern Ti.anShan and region
Nn 8--in Central Tian Shan. The value varies in ranges of values (-0.27)-
-(-0.43), A10 = 0.3-0.63. Included in the second group are the regions of
Southern, Central and Northern Tian Shan (Nos S, 6, 7), in which the values
oE change within a range of (-0.46)-(-0.66), with a very low level of
sei~mtc activity Alp = 0.08-0.18. Regions Nos 11, 22 and 12, for which
clianges witliin a range of (-0.22)-(0.39) and Alp = 0.05-0.15, may be
included in the third group.
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Combtned l;rnphH fnr a11. ChLi arustnl Mnc1 iiubcrugCai (rnne 5) carLhqucilcep are
given In Figurc 3, b, and etic pcieeern gtiowa the ehangc in ehc vnlue nf
niid in the nverngc lcvel of geismie ttcriviey frnm the inwer va1ues in
Nnrtltern 't'inn Sh7n ed the greater valueH in the Pnmir-lti.ndukugh znne of
r.rusta1 rmd subcrustnl earehquakes.
ntt the whnlc, ChC scismictty nf the Ccrrirnry of Central Ayin Elt1tt Kaz7Itt13tF1t1
cii riers frnm e1ie precedtng year in irs relaeivc 1uj.1,
Mticroseiymic Uegrriprion of EarChqunkes
htncroyeismic infnrmatinn nn the nccurrettce of earehqualces ig given j.n the
enbleg and diagrgms nf the isnseismal lines only for egrChqunlces in CenCra1
und Southern Tian Shan.
An earrliqu8ke, the macrdgeismin dttt8 fnr which ig given in 'I'nble 4, eccurred
in the eerritnry nf Ceneral mian 5han in the spurs of the Kuraminskiy ranpe
nn 5 becember.
'Chege dae7 are contrndiceory: far K- 11 the dreA of percepCibility ig
excecdingly lnrge and the nrea of mnximum' tremors dnes noe cninctde wieh
the instirumenrAl epicenCer. The cnordinates accarding to tho mnr.roseiymic
daCa. 7re: - 41.2�N, A = 72.0�E; M,- 4.6, 4,r _'l0 lcm, = 12 km.
In Southern Tian Shan an earthquake occurred on 31 July, the ieoseismal
line pntCern of which is given in Figure 4; informatinn on the 1nc:aliCies
in which it was fc1C 7nd the magniCude nre given in mable 5.
Judging fram the daCn in the table, the focal depth with respect to the
i:;oseismal lines is ~r = 20 km, and for the ratio Z. and 12 km.
Another ,rrong earthquake with K= 12 occurred on 11 November (No 58) north-
east of the preceding group in the foothills of the Alayskiy r.ange, It
began with a strong shock, accompanied by an underground rumbling. The
greatest intensity of the tremor, equgl to 5-6 points, was recorded in the
settlement of Lentnsk. Here a rumbling like thunder was tiedrd, w}iich
was caused by the movemenC of avalanches or rock falls from the mountains.
In many residential buildings and structures the plaster crumbled, and in
some buil.dinga fine hairline cracks appeared in the corner junctures of
the walls. Cracks from 1 to 2 mm wide and 10-20 cm long were discovercd
in the plaster of a number of old structures. A beam broke in a stable
wit}i an earthen ceiling. tlithin the epicentral zone the inhabitants felt
a strong vertical shock. Hanging objects swayed wildl,y, ceilings and
doors creaked, window panes raCtled and furniture shook. tnformation on
th e perce,)tibility of this earthqueke is given in Table 6 and Figure 5.
The depth of the focus according to the macroseismic data was ~it = 15 km
and ti f,y~ = 22 km.
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`Cnblo 4, MnCrnyeismic: Uaea nn Che Carthryunke on 5 peGembar
No in Locnliey A, km Nd, in Lncality A, km
drder drder
S points
1
Knk Tngh
8
26
Uygur
-
27
Knrnvan
65
4-5 points
28
Chadak
140
29
Uchkurgan
2$
2
Khilyn
(12)
30
Chapchamg
146
3
May13 Say
20
31
Aflarun
63
4
Madnniyne
(30)
32
Khukkulabgd
34
4 points
3 points
S
'Lnrbdnr
57
33
5umsar
90
6
A1a 13tika
82
34
Chust
98
7
Yangikurgnn
52
35
Gava
105
S
Chartak
48
36
Uygursay
116
y
Terek Sny
110
37
Khodzhibad
60
lb
Uychi
45
38
Khamza Khakimzade
110
11
Uspenovka
65
39
Ark't
-
12
Tasii Kumyr
25
40
Yaypan
160
13
Autaraka
20
41
Angren
190
14
Dzhangi-Dzhol
52
42
Kokankistilnk
33
15
Andizhan
43
43
Bulakbashi
51
16
Leninsk
60
44
Bazarkurgan
39
17
Kochkor-Ata
45
Suzak
67
18
Kh ay rab ad
-
46
Osh
84
19
Sakaldy
34
47
Eski Naukat
105
20
Sufikishlak
52
48
Leninabad i
254
21
Kara-5u
75
22
Yangi-Aryk
-
2 points
3-4 points
49
Ak Terek Gava
90
50
Batken
182
23
Kasansay
73
51,
Pokrovka
-
24
Namangan
62
25
Alikhan
-
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'I'tab1e
5, MncrngrigmiC
Uaen nn Enxrhq
uakes on
31 July
Nn, in
L~~~~~~~
A, kr,
No, in
Loc~ility
A' km
urder
order
5-6 points
3-4 poynrs
.l
Vorulcli
18
13
Delchnuz
40
14
Garm
90
5 points
3 points
2
Tangi Vnrukh
1$
3
Guiiibaz
33
15
Kanibgdam
Gn
G
Kim
50
16
Kayrakkum
98
17
Proleearsk
100
4-5 points
18
5hakhimardan
105
19
FergAna
105
S
Chorku
24
20
Kansny
115
6
Ku1'kent
36
21
Ura-Tyube
136
7
Chil'gazy
40
22
Iski-Naukae
165
23
Andizhan
170
4 points
24
Tashkent
205
25
Chimgan
205
8
IsfnrH
36
26 F3richmulla 205
9
Khanabnd
43
10
Nefteabad
47
2 points
3-4 points
27 Dushanbe 215
11
Batken
30
12
Shurab
32
'Table
6. Macroseismic
In�ormation on
the Earthquake on 11 November
No, in
orde r
Locality
A, km No, in
order
Locnlity
A, km
5-6 points
4-5 points
1
Leninskoye
15 4
Sadyrbay
6
5
Yangi-Aryk
7
5 points
6
Karatas
12
7
Otuz-Adyr
12
2
Kara-Taryk
23 � 8
Kolklioz imeni Frunze
15
3
Sheraly
23 9
Village of Frunze
].S
10
Lyangar
18
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'I'ttble 6. (COne' d
Nn,
in LdcnllCy
A, km
No, in
Lnna13Cy
A, km
nrder
nrder
11
Uzgen
23
3 poinrs
12
Kashgarkishlak
24
13
Knra-Su
24
51
Kyrgyzchek
23
14
Bekdzhor
25
52
Karggugne
24
15
Knnrman
25
53
TaCgr
28
16
Ngriman
26
54
Boru
29
17
Ogh
27
55
Papnn
32
18
Tadlyk
33
56
Aim
40
19
Kara-Uzhignch
37
57
Kara-Kul'dzhi
42
4 poinCs
20
Savny
21
21
Kampirravat
22
22
Soveeabad (Khanabad)
28
23
bekhkanchek
30
24
Keshka-Uzhol
30
25
Yapolak
31
26
Mirzaaki
33
27
Kendzhilga
34
28
Chigirchik pass
41
29
Gul'bar
42
30
Gul'cha
43
31
Sary-Bulak
47
3-4 points
32
Bekabal
32
33
Kyzyl-Mekhnat Kolkhoz
32
34
Kurgantepa
32
35
Kara-Kochkor
37
36
Suzak
38
37
Sernoye
38
38
Kok-Bel'
39
39
Dzhalal-Abad
40
40
Rossiya Kolkhoz
43
41
Sufikishlak
43
42
Beshi
46
43
Khodzhiabad
48
44
Dzhosholu
50
45
Aravan
51
46
Bulak Bashi
51
47
Kyzylkurgan
55
48
Usmat
55
49
Tepekurgan
57
50
Kulla
63
58
Lay-Tala
43
59
Chnn-Gireash
43
60
Kairma
52
61
Tski Naukat
54
62
Teshiktash
54
63
Buzakurgan
57
64
Saydakum
57
65
Sayragach
60
66
Tadzhtkkishlak
60
67
Uygur
60
68
Sovkhoz imeni Fedorova
60
69
Bel'-Oruk
64
70
Dzhida
65
71
Nayman
65
72
Pakhta-Abad
65
73
Sakaldy
65
74
Andiehan
68
75
Pravda 7.olkhoz
70
76
Uch-Kuza
70
77
Kok-Dzhar
13
78
Leninsk
73
79
Charvak
74
80
Achi
75
81
Medrese
79
82
Karavan
84
83
Kyzyl-Kiya
90
84
Kara-Tepa
94
85
Uchkorgon
97
86
Gul'pion
101
87
Markaz
113
2-3 points
88
Sovetskoye
62
89
Lenin-Dzhol
65
90
Naukent
68
91
Kochkor-Ata
72
92
Sufikurgan
72
93
Izbaskent
81
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' etuwr
94
\
93
e90
I e10
e1e , 510 08 t es9
' elt 12 Eell
1 eoe
e
e1l 2 ,
~ ~Xb 1 ~
A" % x i
~ +2
 p e�e
Os
46'
e11 ~ 4-e
4 3
e 3'4
e9
Q�9
027 / ~ 10 10 ~r
Figure 4. biagram of Isoseismal Lines of Earthquake on 31 July.
Drawn Up by V. K. Iodko and A. F. Krasnov
1--epicenCer according to macroseismic daCa; 2--epicenter according to
instrument data; 3--intensity
In rhe zone of the deep Pamir-Hindukusl, earthquakes this year data are
known concerning two strong earthquakes. The list of localieies in which
they were felt is given below. The earthquake on 3 March (No 17) was felt
at Khorog (125 km): Kokul (136), Kyzylsu (149), Gissar, Parkhar (150),
Kulyab (165), Kitab (435)--3-4 points; at the populatian centers: Dakhan
(135), Dzharayly, Kalaypushtak (150), 5ovetskoye (189), Nurek (238),
Dushanbe (274), Miraki (413), Pedzhikent (420) and Samarkand (470)--
3 points; Ctiubek (140), Leninabad (417), Tashkent (535)--2-3 points.
The earthquake on 9 April (No 23) with K= 13, which occurred in the
Yazgulemslciy range, was felt at Obigarm (240 km) with an intensity af
3-4 points, Tokhtamysh (200), Kulyab (232), Andizhan (236), Sumokt (310)--
3 points; at Khorog (107), Nurek (267), Dushanbe (313), Kurgashtep (315),
Tashkent (433) and Samarkand (495)--2-3 points.
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72ee2
e
e /3
8
~
~
IMS~ ~
 `
~ I ~ et
~ 4 ee
~ la' io ai `
~
, ~97
N A, A ^
~p �v
"(e 2e SD
g.' ~

Figure 5. Diagram of Isoseismal Lines of Earthquake on 11 November.
Drawn Up by K. D. Dzhanuzakov, A. T. Mamatkulov, V. K. Iodko
and A. F. Krasnova
1--epicenCer according to instrument data; 2--intensiCy; 3--isolines of
intensity
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1.
"Zemtetryaseniya v SSSR v
1969
godu"
[Earthquakes in the USSR in 19691,
Moscow, Nauka, 1973.
2.
"Zemletryaseniya tr SSSR v
1970
godu,"
Moscow, Nauka, 1973.
3.
"Zemletryaseniya �r SSSR v
1973
godu,"
Moscow, Nauka, 1976.
4.
Ulomov, V. I., "Dinamika
zemnoy kory
i prognoz zemletryaseniy"
[Dynamics of the Earth's
Crust
and Ea
rthquake Ptediction], Tashkent,
1974.
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CARTiIQUAKES IN NOl2THERN TTAN-SHAN
A. B. Ospanov
In 1975 in Che Northern Tian-Shan zone, 11 seismological sCations mnde
observaCiona: Alma-ACa, the Central Seismological StaCion, Kurmenty,
Chilik, Kzyl-Agach, Taldy-Kurgan, Ili, Fabrichnaya, Kurty, Dzhambul and
Chimkenr.
The seismological station aC Kurty was closed in AugusC 1975 because of the
transfer to a new location. The Alma-ACa staCion was transterred to a dif-
ferenC building, because af which it did not operaCe from March to October
1975. At the station, the SK + GK-7 unit was replaced with an SKM-3 +
+ GB-3 unit with an in crease of 10,000 for all the components. The width
of the rabuler part of the performanCe curve is worked out in the same
manner as on analogous uniCs at orher stations, 0.2-1.8 seconds.
In May 1975 the seismological station at Chimkent was newly opened.
Instead of a single seC, SK + GK-7, SKM-3 + M-31 aiid SKD + GK-7 sees
~ with an identical increase of 1000 were installed. The width of rhe
tabular part of the performance curve is 0.2-1.8 and 1.2-18 seconds
respectively.
Beginning on 1 August 1975 the new seismological station at Taldy-Kurgan'
was opened, where three units are in operation: the SKM-3 + GK=7 with an
increase of 10,000 for recording local earthquakes, SKD + GK-7 with an
increase of 1000 for distanr and SMTR, SBM for strong and destructive
earthquakes. The instruments were installed at sandy-argi].laceous
deposiCs [1].
At the Fabr;chnaya station, beginning in July 1975, the increase in all the
components was raised to 30,000. At other seismological stations the basic
parameters of the operating equipmentwere not changed.
Regularly involved in the processing were the data from Che stations at
Talgar, Naryn, Przheval'sk and Kadzhi-Say, which, in the aggregate with
the materials f rom the observations of the above network of regional sta-
tions, ensured representative recording of earthquakes of energy class 8
for the enCire territory being studied.
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'1'hc conrdi.nuees nf the LipiCenters were derermined by uging mnster curvea of
C}ui igor.hroneg, nnd for some 9eCriOt15 WgdgCi'g and Iaikawa'e metihods were
used, mnking 3e poseible ro deeermine the depeh of the fncuges ne the same
tinie ns the coordinatey of the epicenCer. The gccuracy of deCermination o�
the depChq is differenr �nr different epicentiral zoneg: �or the central
harC of the ZaiLiyskiy AlaCau + 3 km, for the eastern dip of the zaillyskiy
and Kyungey-AlA-too rangea--+ S-6 lcm.
'rhe energy clasgi�icaCinn with respece tio K was cgrried oue eccording ro
Rnutiants nmmogram [2].
The basic parameeers fnr 140 earthquakes were determined wiehin the zone
studied ehis year. 'I'heir energy class diseribue3.on is given below:
K
7
g
g
10
11
12
13
N
32
72
24
8
3
-
1
0
o 0 0 0%
,r
7
,
,
e o to It ia ,
~
~ ~
O
0-10

-
1;-20 91-30 >30 du00e*
'
t r__j 1
A J
0
00
O 44
e
O
i� ~ i~
~
$
v
a 1.-
II
O
O
~

O
K fp
ToNr~N
y
M r 1
J
ITYO
~
M
~ ~ f �O `
^
O 0
I:p
. PM6~r~e
K.y-
-f
 II~uw~tt
w
NIIIfM~tNN,~
O
0O
O
OAN+e41-Cu
0
tO
001
T
~
O
~
0
~l rQ
O
Z!
Figure 1. Map of the Epicenters of Northern Tian-Shan Earthquakes in 1975
1--energy class, K; 2--depth of the focuses in km; 3--seismological stations;
4--area on which th e tndicated number of earthquakes oF a certain energy
class occurred
86
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4 y
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, Tanrap _p
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.
`
~
~

`

� ~
.c,
-
~
N~M
~ ` ~
~ ~
,
~
An ; �Ara Tanraa
qr.~~t
,
y~ 1 C~~
J
0
s
KjOMINTY
To r~
ar
U
r
0
o
~
1
wA!14o V_Y_
�-r_~
rr~~
Qoututt
eM
~ rf r
0
'

?
~r
l/, NOM ~
Figure 2. Map o� Che Density of Earthquake Epicenters During 1973-1975
The eotal numb~_.r of earthquakes in 1975 was 54% greater than in 1974, which
is related to the increased number of earthquakes registered with K= 7
~ and 8.
Figure 1 shows the map of the earthquake epicenters where three zones of
increased seismic activity may be singled out. The �irst active zone is the
eastern termination of the Zailiyskiy AlaCau Range, where an earthquake of
the 13th energy class occurred. Its epicenter was confined to the Toraygyr
Mountiiins, because of which we will call this earrhquake the Toraygyr
_ earthquake. The epicentral zone of this earthquake coincided with the epi-
central zone of the srrong, destructive Chilikskiy earthquake in 1889 [3]
(7 = 9-10 points). In 1971-1974 thl.s zone was not singled out for high
seismtc activity. For example, in 1973 there was not a single earthquake
here with K? 7, in 1974 two earthquakes with K= 7 and 9 occurred, with the
?.,atter being almost six months be�ore the Toraygyr Earthquake [41.
During 1975 21 earihquakes were noted here, including the main Ghock.
The second active zonp is ttie central part of the Zaill.yskiy Alatau Range,
south of Alma-Ata. In 1968-1972 this sFCtion was aseismic. In 1973 there
were f: �P earthquakes here. In 1974 11 earrhqiiakes ;airh K= 7-9 iiaci already
been recorded in this section. In 1975, 15 earthquakes were recarded, the
sti�ongest of whic}i w,zs with K= 10, which occurred un 4 January 1975 and
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wny Ce1C In Alma-ACa with H magnieude of 3-4 poinea. '1'he gznup of epi-
cGnrers nE the 1975 earthquakes is chargcterized by qu3re clearly marked
rendencicq Coward conr.entrneion of the epicentere along ehe belt of the
norrhwes rern-southeaetern stirilce, intersecting the Zailiyskiy AlCau Range.
'I'he northern part of the belt exeends into ehe focal zone of the natas--
Crophic 9-pnint Vernenskiy earthquake nf 1$87, mhe epicenCers of the earrh-
qunkes that or,curred in the Kyungey-Ala-roo Range "continue" southeast of
rhis be1C. A1so noted here is clear-cue grouping of epicenCers of the
ioraL area, located on the norChern shore of Lake Yasyk-Kul'.
The third active zone ig the southweyGern shore of Lake Issyk-Kul' (14 epi-
cenrers with K= 8-10), Several enrthquakes with K- 10-11 were recorded
in the Kokshaal-Tau Range. Several earthquakes with K= 9-10 were also
noCecl in the Dzhungarskiy Alatau zone.
Figure 2 shows a map of the densiCy of the epicenrers Ar which the area nf
greatest concentration of epicenters in the region of the Zailiyskiy and
Kyungey-Ala-too ranges, extending across the ranges and to the southwestern
shore of the Issyk-Kul' are well singled ouC.
On the wtiole, the study of the seismiciCy of the Northern Tian-Shan area in
1975 makes it possible to indicate a certain revival of its seismic
activity.
We will discuss in more detail the Toraygyr earthquake on 12 Februxry
1975. A macroseismic study was made of its afCereffects, as well as a
study of the spatial-temporal conformances to principle of its aftershock
activity.
A. D. Dosymov, A. B. Ospanov, B. D. Dzhumagaliyev and A. S. Nurmagambetov
participated in the macroseismal investigation.
There were no large population points in the vicinity of the epicenter.
The winter shelters for shepherds were located closest to it. For example,
chimneys,fell down at the winter quarters at Tasbazy. A brick chimney
made a hole in the roofing slate of one roof and the inhabitants of the winter quarters fled their houses. A sharp jolt with a rumble was noted
from the north. In houses made of rubhle concrete, cracks going clear
through were formed in the walls, and in a frame house--cracks up to 3 mm
in the plaster. According to the shepherds' accounts, in the Turaygyr
Mountains there were rock-falls and in some places slides, which covered
the roads to the winter quarters. In the settlements of Bartogay and Saty
a strong rumble was heard, with a sharp shock. Everyone felt the earth-
quake. Small cracks appeared in the plastering in the adobe houses.
During the earthquake the floors and doors creaked and rattling of the
window panes and dishes was heard. In the settlement of Zhalanash they
heard a rumbling. All the inhabitants felt the earthquake. Many log houses
creaked and some inhabitants ran out their houses in fright. Swaying of
heavy objects and clinking of window panes and dishes were noted everywhere.
Cracks in the plaster were also observed.
88
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'l'hr tab:l.e givcs dnCa nn l�tie magnitude o.E the earChquake aC the populaCion
r.en ters sCudied.
M:ieroSClyin�Lc [)atn on rI1C N:arthqunke nn 12 Februury
t.ocril [ty Gnnven- Lj):LrQuCrnl Locality Convcn- E;picentral
Cional distnnce tional distance
number number
~ 6 points
Kurmentiy station
25
50
Kegen
26
52
Undesignated
Kuram ~
Karaturuk
27
29
53
59
winter quarters
Kuturga
30
59
in riorth
Tasbazy
1
5
TYUP
38
71
Tasbazy winrer
qunrters
2
10
4 pointi.3
Turaygyr winter
3
15
Vinsovkhoz
20
43
quarters
Alfiabas
6
22
Tausugurskiy
28
56
Karasay winter
Tuyuk
Chundzha
31
35
59
65
quarters
8
28
Uryukty
37�
69
5-6 points
Tekes
50
121
Bartogay
4
L$
3-4 points
Saty
.
18
39
Taldy-Su
32
62
5 points
Kensu
34
43
64
84
Sarydzhaz
Kokpek
5
20
Turgen'
45
92
~ Cidropost
7
Zg
Baltabay
47
49
98
121
Uzunbtilak
Karabulak
9
11
28
34
Talgar
Novoalekseyevka
51
123
halanash
7
12
34
Bol'shoy Ketmen'
53
132
.
Togyzbulak
13
35
Alma-Ata
54
59
144
194
Zhinishke
17
39
Uzun-Agach
Koby
19
42
3 points
Tomarsaz winter
qiiarters
21
44
Kirgizskiy
33
64
4-5 points
Aul
Sokolovka
36
39
65
74
Malybay
10
32
Novoznesenovka-
40
81
Aksay
14
35
Orlinoya
41
44
81
89
Oktyabr'
15
38
Sarykamysh
Gayrat
16
38
Przheval'sk
46
96
Masak
22
45
Anan yevo
48
108
Kurmenty
23
46
Kapchagay
SS
56
149
151
Chilik
24
50
Cholpon-Ata
90
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Fon orricrtL usE ortLY
'Cdb1c (cnnt' d)
3 >>nlnts
Kas kr 1en 57 170
Chemolgttn srarion 58 170
2-3 points
Dzhergalan
42
83
Pokrovka
52
125
Aksengir
60
196
'Cargap
62
234
2 points
Rybach'ye 61 ' 225
A map of Che isoseismal lines (Fig. 3) was drawn up from the datu in the
table. The depCh of the �ocus, estimated fr.om the macroseiqmic data, is
12 kilomeeers.
In srtidying the aftershocks of this earthquake the coordinates were deCer-
mined by Wadati's and IsikAwa's meChods. As the result of combining these,
as well as oth er methods, Che accuracy of determining the epicenters in
some cases reached + 2-3. The maximum error was +5-6 km. A similar error
is observed in determining the depCh of the focus
Figure 4, a stiows the temporal course of the aftershock activity and the
energy of the shocks, and Figure 4, b--the epicenters o� the main shock and
its aftershocks, as well as their depths. The numbering was performed in
accordance with the order of their appearance.
Witti respect to the eemporal course, four groups of shocks can be singled
out, classified by varying time intervals--lulls--during which af.tershocks
with K>, 7 were not recorded.
The first group includes shocks that occurred in the first four days after
the main shock. The second group may be divided into two subgroups, namely:
10-12 ar.d 13-15. The aftershocks of the third group are separated from
each other by considerable time intervals. The fourth group seemingly
begins a new yearly cycle.
On the map of the epicenters of the aftershocks, four "spatial" zones of
their appearance are singled out. The "spatial" zones correspond eo the
n "temporal" groups of aftershock activity. The exception was constituted by
91
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27 AUQUST 1979
IN
FOUO
IN I
2 . OF 4 ,
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F0[t OPPtCIAt, U5E ONLY
rho rnrthqudken Nn 7and 18, which "jumped out" td ehe northweae from
zhnep tnnd LLI regppctiveiy. 'I'hese two shneks are aiBa charaeterixed by
krent depthg; h s38 nnd 30 km. EarChquake No 10'"lefe" zone II Eor Cfie
aouth.
I~ ~ is ~ ro t~ir
~
a a~ iv v vi ya A 1//i ix x xi .ra i a ui r
i9Asr. /9161.
Yu~~e Q Of
90
w corErAt 0 4
� t ~~u 11
u
~o ~ ~a'~ ~ � r ~ 
` x i i e a Itl a�
4
io
~ te
s o s io..
~
Figure 4. Spatial-Temporal Uistribution of Afterehocks of the
Turaygyr Earthqunke
a--tcmporel course of aftershock activity; b--map of the epicenterg of the
Turaygyr earthquake and tts aftershocks. Depth of the :ocal points,/-, in
km: 1--15-20; 2--21-25; 3--26-30; 4-- > 30; S--main shock
Each zone tnay be chnracterized by the primary dep[h of the focal poin[s.
Fnr example, for znne I it is 21-25 km, for zone II--26 km and over and for
zonr III--the depth of the focal pu,nts is similar to that for the main
shock. This zone is spatially located closest of all to its epicenter.
The characteristirs of zone IV are not wcll-defined, since the processeg
in it at the time of Writing this work have not yet been completed.
92
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FoR nFrrcIaL usE OtvLY
'I'lie Ntrcingcs: of the nrlershocks were ahor.ks Nn 17 (K - ll) ,nnd Nd 19
(K ti ip), 'llicy nccurrGd in ehe mnrginti1 easeern part of kho cnti.re xonr.
of iil'l-erylioeks--in zcne Ilt--and were finet in Che fir;-it "yenr'W Cvr.1e."
it ig ineeresting Cn nnee that ehe 11ne d� mi.graeidn ot etie af.terghockq
alws:iys goes eaunterclnekwi.de. Asimilar picrure wes alsci ndted Enr the
nEecrshucks of ehe Tashkene earehquake of 1966.
itie clear differentineion degcribed of rhe appearLqnce of the afeerghdcks
in time nnd their spaeial differeneiation cnrrespnnding td it, ehe con-
fdrmanceg Cd principle of rhe migraeion of ehe afterghocks nnd ehe pos-
gibiltty of s yegrly Cyc1e for the time depertdence are of definite interegC
for Che study of Che prncesses in the earetiqueke focug.
BtBLIOGitAPHY
l. Uspnnov, A. g., nnd Uzhumngaliyev, B. U., "'1'he Seigmologicnl 5eation
at 'Cnldy-Kurgan," "tnformntsinnnyy shornik IGN AN'Kaz 55R" [Infdrmatinn
Collcr.tinn of the InsCitutp of Geoingicgl Scienccg of the Kaxakh SSR
Academy of Sciences], 1976.
2. Rautian, T. G.. "nnmping of 5ei smiC Wnves And the t:nergy of EarChqual;eg,"
STAT' I I DOKLAUY AN TAU'LHSSFi, No 7, 1960.
3. "Novyy katalog sil'nykh zemletryaseniy na territorii S5SR g drevneyshikh
vremeni do 1975" [New Cataldg of Strang Eartiiquakeg on ttie Territnry of
the USSR From Ancient Times to 19751, edited by N. V. Kondorskaya and
N. V. Shebalin, Moscow, Nauka, 1977.
4. Urazayev, B. M; Ospanov, A. B.; and Mikhaylova, N. N., "Earthquake irl
Nortiiern Tian-Shnn," in the book, "zemletryaseniya v 555R v 1974 godu"
[EarChquakes in the USSR in 1974j, Moscow, Nauka, 1977.
93
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FoR oFFicinr, usE oNLY
EAR'CNt2UAitES tN A,LTAY AND SAYAN
A. C. Filiun
Seigmic nbservgeiong wcre made in 1975 in Alraye-Saygnskgya Oblage wtth ehe
aid of the snme seismo].ogical neework as in 1974. The procesaing method
also remained the same gs before.
Thc totnl number nf earthquakes is 886 and Cheir distributton with reapect
to energy classes was as fnllows:
K 5-7 S 9 10 11 12 13
Number of 389 347 102 30 11 3 4
egrthquakes
'Phis number includes the aftershocks of the Ureg-Nurskty earthquake on
15 May 1970 (K = 16) and the earthquake on 29 November 1974 (K = 14).
It can be seen frnm Figure 1 that this year the principle seismicity zones
were reCained that were characteristic for the region for a number of years.
Thr seismic activity oE the Ureg-Nurskiy earthquake region is not dying
down. A series o� aftershoc'cs of thie earthquake continues here, the
distribucion of which with respect to energy classes is given below:
K 6-7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Number oE 116 64 16 5 2 - 2
aftershocks
The aftershock seismic activity of the region is somewhat higher than last
year, and considerably higher than during the seven years before the earth-
quake (in 1974 /I,: = 0.11, in 1975 q~~ s 0.14, from 1963 to 1969 iQ,, is at a
level of 0.04 (lJ).
94
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Fox oFrYCrnL usE nNLY
.
~
o
R
o o ~
O
� O
~
~O 1
~
..O
u
~%li?Aff .144", -`_`1a1
b
95
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0
0
~
W
x
~
~
ro
~
i
~
u
~
~
~
~
u
~
N
~
~c
ca
~
u u
14 F~+
W a
w u
O m
tn + o
s
o~
u N
d y
u 2

a r+
w u
~
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FoR oFrtctni. usc: nrtLY
ApparcnCly, asubgCnneSnl contribution to the acCivity in Chis region was
medc by twa earChquakp-s in the 13eh energy clasa; sincd 1970, an aftershock
of the 13th energy class was observed here only in 1974.
ilie series af afrershocka of the earthquake on 29 Nnvember. 1974, wh3ch
nr.r.urred :Ln tlie reginn of the norCheaetern boundary of Tuva and Mongolia,
cnntinued. We alyn hnve so far included in the afeershocka all the earth-
quakes in 1975 in ehis region, since so far it doea noe appear poasible en
demarcaCe rhem more clearly in time, withouC having observaCions for the
following yeary.
The a�Cershocks nf the earChquake on 29 Noven:ber were diatributed, wiCh
respect to energy classes, ga fnllows:
K 5-7 8 9 10 ].1
Number of 37 36 9 6 2
af tershoaks
The region of the Shapshallekoye earthqualces (30 Aoril 1973, K= 12, and
5 September 1974, K a 12) was active, as formerly. In this case the epi-
cenCers within the region examined in 1974 with coordinates y = 50.5-
-52.0� N, A = 88, 5-90.5�E in 1975 are localized in the sourheastern part,
adjacent to the area of the Ureg-Nurski,y earthquake aftershock area.
LasC year we noted activation of the region of the caCastrophic Mongolian-
Altuy earthquake of 1931 (M=g). In 1975 this area of activiry expanded.
In its southeastem section an earthquake occurred in the 13th energy class,
preceded by �oreshocks with K= 11 and 12.
26,
ro
/0
6
JO
0
l96J J9lD 1NJ
0
/96J /910 /91J
Figure 2. Change in the Average Annual Number of Earthquakes During
the Period From 1963-1975
a--in the section bounded by the coordinates: f = 46.0� N-48.3�li;
A = 88.5�N-91.7�E (region of the catastrophic Mongolian-Altay earthquake
of 1931, M= 8); b--in the section bounded by the coordinates: f a 48.0�N-
99.0�E; ,k = 95.7�N-99.0�E (region of the catastrophic Tannu-01'skiy
earthquakec of 1905, M= 8.2).
96
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roR oFr,zciAL usL orn..Y
It cnn be C1early geen in F'igura 2, a etiar the nverage annunl number nf
earrhquakes in ehis rEgion, while decreasing afeer 1964, aguin Ueg3ns eo
increase gtart3ng wirh 1972, and in 1974-1975 remaing ne a high 1eve1.
The mochnnigms of the fncal poines were deeermined �nr the ear.etiqualce on
31 March (K n 13) and iCg strongest foreshnck nn 28 March (K = 12). mhe
parameeers of the mechnnisms were presenCed in the caraLng of: addirional
paratneters.
Ae can be geen, in boeh cases the direceions nf the ser3kee of all three
gxes of the main sCresses remained unchnngpd: the cnmpresginn has n north-
wesC course, the interstitial sereas--south-gouehwegt nnd the Cr.nsinn--
close tn laeitudinal. It should be noted thnt the course of the nxes of
the compressing stresses at the focal poinCs of the egrrhqudkeg under dis-
Cussion ig directed, noe to cross the course, bu: para11e1 en thc seruceures
of the Mongolian-Altay mouneain syseem,
In the interval of tiime (three days) between the foreahocks and Che main
ahock, the axes of the main srresses, while reraining the directinns nf
the sCrikes, change the slope toward the horizon. The greategt change
was undergone by the axis of compression. Ie became close to hdriznntal,
from close Co vertical. 'fhe axis of the inrerstitial scresses, both wi.th
respect to the strike and to the slope, remained virttinlly unchanged.
The earehquakes under discussion occurred near the angle of inCersecCion
of the Turengol'skiy (northwest strike), nulganskiy (close to 1Rtitudinal)
and Barunkhuraysk3y, (northeast strike) deep faults, which experienced
recent movements and were accompanied by seismic dislocations [Z]. A1.1
three faults have their own analogs on the nodal plunes, and it is impos-
sible to establish a connecCion between the shifCs in the focal pointe and
the movements with respect to any of them without additional data. Atten-
tion should, however, be turned to the fact that the nodnl plane I retains
ies direction during both shocks. In addition, in a case when the data on
the nodal plane as the fault plane is selected, the movement in the focal
points of both earthquakes will retain a primarily verticnl component, and
in both cases the northwest limb will drop in relation to the southeastern
- limb, and the shift component will retain a left-side shi�t nature.
This year two earthquakes of the 12th energy class occurred in the region
of the catastrophic Tannu-01'skiy earthquakes of. 1905. F'igure 2, b it
can be clearly seen that the peaks of seismicity here were in 1964, 1966,
1967 and 1969, and then after a period of relative lull in 1974 and 1975
a certain upsurge in activity is ohserved.
It is interesting to note that weak activity is constantly observed in the
region of the earthquakes in Kamne-na-Obi (1964-1965). In this respect 1975
is no excepCion: there were earthquakes with K= 8 and 9 in this region.
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A8Crong ctirrhquake (K - 13) weg ragiseered thiy yenr in Uxhungarskiy
Alntnu, The seismic nctiviry in tihe erea o.f Lake zaysa1 remained
essentially unchnnged.
On the whole, participation .tn ehe seismic process of all rhe areas active
in rhe former yeare is characturisein for the A1Cay-Sayan region.
BIBLIOGItAPHY
1. '1'sibul'cttik, I.D., and rilina, A. G., "Earthqugkes in Altay and Sayan,"
in rhe book: "zemletrygseniya v 5SSR v 1974 godu" [Earthquakes in ttie
USSit in 1914], Mdscow, Nsuka, 1977.
2. Chernnv, G. A., "7'he Most Recent Structure of Altaye-Sayanskaya Ob1asC ~
ttnd ICa RelaCion to SeismiciCy," in the book: "Seysmichnost' A1Caye-
Sayanskoy ob lasti" (Seismiciey of A1Caye-Sayanakaya Oblast], Novosibirsk,
In-t Geologii i Geofiaiki SO AN SSSR, 1975.
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FOlt dFCIC?AL tJSC ONLY
~
CAtt'CHQUAKLS IN THE BAYKAL ItCGION
S. I. Gnlenetskiy
The source of the actual maeeriaL for the sCudy af Che seiymir.ity of the
BaykAl region consisCed of observaCione of L$ seismological stntii.ons of the
InsCiCute nf the EarCh's Crust of the Siberian DepHrCmenC of. the USSIt
Ar.adcmy of 5ciences. The changes in the neCwork of stations amnunCed only
Co transferring the Instruments from the settlemenC of UalciC Co the sett:le-
menC of Tsipikan, located approximately 60 kilometers 5outh-30t1CI1We8t of it.
Therefore, since Apri1 1975, inseead of the Uakit gt.leton, the 'I'sipiknn
station, with essenCially the same frequency responses has begun operaCion.
The metliod of processing the seismic observations and gnalyzing ttie data
obtnined remained as before [1-5). The results of the processing agreed
wiCii the seismic observations in the neighboring Yakutsk and Altny-Snyan
zones. The totgl number of earthquakes recorded for w}iich the epiceneers
were deCermined was 2,609 in 1975. Their distribution wit}i respect to
energy classes and regions is given in Table 1. The accompanying catnlog
of earthquakes with K-> 9 contains information on 322 epicenters. The
parameters of earrhquakes with K> 12 are given in Table 2. On the wtiole,
ttie disCribution of earthquakes by energy classes resembles tlie diseribu-
tion in Che preceding years. At the same time, the results of the calcula-
tions of the frequency r_harts for the Baykal rift areafrom Chis data prove
to he somewhat unusual. The modulus of the slope of the frequencv chart r
is increased, and iCs value for the souttiwestern part of the rift is higller
than for ttie northeastern parC.
Carlier, in the sourhwestern pnrt of the rift, as a rule (with rtie exception
of 1974) a lowered value of this parameter was noted, true, with a low
accuracy of its determination. One may therefore draw the conclusion that
there is a possibility of considerable temporal daviations of from the
average.
The distinguishing charac[eristic of the epicentral field of 1975 is the
greater dispersion of epicenters of feeble earthquakes throughout the
areas where they were not observed earlier. In particular, mention ghould
be made of the appearance of feeble earkfiquakes in the region, ustin.ily
quite passive Erom the seismic standpoint, directly adjacent to the
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southwese tip of Lakc Bayknl (�igs, 1, 2, eee inaert). Ag follows from the
map nf rhe geismin anrivity (Fig. 3, aee insert), chgrted acCOrding eo Clie
same meehnd aa in tihe Baykal region aeismiciCy aurveys in preceding yeara,
the 1eve]. of activity here reached e vnlue of,-' 0.2. The charC o� the
gparigl-Cemporgl distribuCion of the earChquakes in the projecCion for rhe
aonvenCional axis of rha rife gygtem [1, 3] is ghown in Figure 4. The
fnllowing Ctiaraceeriseics of ehe Baykal zone aeiamiciey in 1975 may be nnted.
Tgble 1, Uistrib uCion of EnrCtiquakes in the Baykal Region According Co
Energy K
4NCno aenuurpRcemll
K (2) CeNSpo�Sorr04� lOro�unsw+om
BCII 3ONA iiMAR k I 10C ( PHe0 4, ' IIC ~ (bis
13
3
1
1
2
12
6
3
g
1
11
18
10
34
11
10
78
43
132
114
38
9
219
386
170
j
1204
969
771
198
6
226
213
160
s
S
lZ
10
6
4
4
g
;
3
-
1962
I4SS
477
Odutee qacno 3emte� 2609
,pgceHKx (6) .
y -0 SO 10.02 -047 t 0,01 -0,54 10.01 -0,59 3 0.03
4iHnpe&n unAccoe 8-13 8-12 8-11 8-10
meprMM K (7)
Key.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Number of earthquakes
Entire zone
Ri f t
Northeastern part of rift I
Southwestern part of rift II
Total number of earthquakes
Range of K energy classes
In two regions--the Udokanskiy in the northeast of the zone and the northern
part of the meridional boundary helt between eastern Tuva and Mongolia at
the far southwest--the activation of the seismic process begun in 1974 was
observed.
In 1974, at the northeastern side of the rift system within the limits of
the Dovachanskiy block, an earthquake, the atrongeat during the whole time
' of instrumental seismological registration, of the 14th energy class, .
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ocr.urred, accompnnicd by a serieg nf afterahncks, Tn 1975 (nn 6 February),
a c1asp 13 shoek wgs notnd here. Irs epiCenCer is 1oCHted somewhnt eo ehe
ef�e of the epiceneer nf 21 June 1974, where Che gCig!",'L!'tty in thc ].nst few
years had been reduced as compared wieh the adjncent regi.nnH rn the wesC
nnd cnsC. Afeer ehis earthquake, only a smn11 number nf rcpeuted ahnelce
were recorded, and f.rom March ro April ehe number o� enrthqualces in ehis
reginn diminished noticeably. The region is Chargceerized by ii seiymic
activiey of /f,e = 10-0,5.
Table 2. Lixt of Earthquakes With K> 12
~1
n~n (Z) HpeMe aoytHKFione� 4) Knopt.uuIerst 3mWelirpo
AM ' ICHe aenMrpnceHWtl, 1('
3) 4 M C *,ON xoC
1
6.11
21 26 38,7
56,41
117,89
13
2
21.V111
18 42 35,0
49,63
97,38
12
3
121X
22 02 14,9
49.1)7
103,41
12
4
24.IX
17 40 14,4
53,85
109,13
12
S
25.[X
14 29 29,0
49,57
98,35
12
6
4,X
16 39 58,0
53,84
109,12
12
7
27.X
16 18 40,5
47,83
102,90
13
8
4JQ
17 33 43,1
SS,34
111,17
12
9
9.X1
17 44 42,7
47,72
103,00
13
Key:
1.
Numbe r, in
o rde r
2.
bate
3.
Time when e
arthquake occurred,
hours,
minutes,
seconcis
4.
Coordinates
of Che epicenter
In the northern part of the seismically active belt on the border between
eastern 'I'uva and Mongolia, there was a dying down of the bursts of seismic
activity after Che class 14 earthquake in November 1974 observed in the
first half of 1975. No earlier shocks witti such energy had been recorded
in tliis locality. In the region bounded by the coordinates 51.7-51.9�N,
98.3-98.7�E, a total of 65 earthquakes with K= 90 and 2 shocks with K= 11
was recorded. The seismic activity reaches a value of 2.0 here.
In the region adjacent to Ctie southern part of this zone, in August and
September two earChquakes with K= 12 were recorded, and the value of ttie
.,c - 0.2-0.5.
activity was 4
The large cluster of earthquakes in the Barguzinskiy Range occupies a par-
ticular place in the seismicity manifestations.
As far as is known, the local epicentral area of the cluster is not singled
out among the surrounding territory by any substantial structural features,
but it is part of the seismoactive belt marked out earlier that intersectg
ohLiquely the northern part of the Bagruzinskiy Range from Lake Baykal in
the direction of the Verkhna-Angarskaya basin [6]. Recorded in the cluster
101
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were up ro 300 ghocky, etie cpicenCprg of whinh were locnCed in a small
nrea bnunded by Lhe r.nordinates 55.0-55.2�N and 110.0-110.4�E. F'our
ettrthquakes wi.th K- 11, 12 with K= 10 and 43 with K- 9 were noeed
emonfi them.
7'Iic development of the r.lusrer began in January. In April a drop-of.f
f.nllowed the firgt burst of activiCy and then, beginning in May, came the
nnsee of the gregtest activaeion, which reached iCa maximum in the dayg
from 20-30 June, when all the earthquakes of the 11th energy class and
half nf the toeal number o� shocks of the lOth class o ccurred. In July,
August and Sepeember rhe acGivity proceeded to die down, and in October
noC a single earChquake wae recorded in the epicenCral area of the clusCer.
Subsequenrly, only in the 1ast �ive days of December, several ahocka with
K- 7.8 were noCed here. The chart for the disCribution of the shocks in
the cluster in eime gnd with respect to energy is shown in Figure S. The
value o� the seismic acCivity in the epiceneral area of Che, clusCer is
f f,r = 10.
We will note that the epinentral area of the earlier described [7] major
cl.uster of earChquakes from the end of 1966 to the be ginning of 1967
gravitates toward the seiamoactive be1C mentioned with a northeastern
orientation--farther Coward th e northeast. With reape ct to the number of
shocks recorded, we compare this cluster with the clus ter sCudied in 1975.
The epicentral region of the cluster was quiescenC beginning with July
1973 nfter a cluster of 27'weak earthquakes had occurred here (1-1$ July
1973) with 3 maximum shocks of the 9th energy class. The adjacenC parr
of the belt directly Co the northease of the epicentral area of the 1975
cluster was activated in 1969 and 1971 [8, S]. Therefore, the cluster of
1975 earthquakes was located in the zone where clusCers constitute a quite
common phenomenon and where, in contrasC to some other parts of the Baykal
region, there are apparently f avorable conditions for their formation.
The epicenCers of the earthquakes were also concentrated in the northeast
part of the Barguzinskiy Range, adjacent to the region where the Barguzin
River in its upper reaches sh arply changes the direction of its course from
the northwest to the southwest. The periods of i.ntensification and weaken-
inR of the seismic activity alternaCed here throughout a year (inerease in
activity in January-February-March, weakening in Apri 1-May, new increase
in June, weakening in July-August, slight increase in September, quiescent
period in October, new activation in November when the strongest earthquake
with K= 12 occurred in this local region, and a redu ction in activity in
December). The seismic activity reached a value of 2.0.
In the area of the
basins, the region
the ridge beCween
tinguished by the
earthquakes). The
values of !/~c up t
mountainous ridge between the Uppe r Angarak and Muysk
oE the MuXakanskiy range and particularly the region of
the Muyakanskiy and Upper-Muyakanskiy basins was dis-
greatest activity (concentration of epicenters of weak
seismic activity of the region was characterized by
0 2.0 and slightly higher.
102
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EC
~
E
Q
e
~
~
Y
~
c
u
I
I
WM/ O) 6~RYWmKwAI Mul-MfYOM MrMtNKwd AhAdW VAPdN
lAkTA p
GId A ~ 5IMM MNqM tMIM 1Qf` tNM '
~ AiROwtRM 1mMt611! 1MIIhdM IO IYi4,")o(0
~AYIN ~2>E~~'SOVNMN C~~II MCPlAAII0NMI16GMA C!1[0�M11~~~4 llqoni~,6)
0 6 O (9) ( 2)M~ 3),~. ~
9 q ,11 12 1; ~
1
Figure 4. Uistribution of Earthquakes With K;;~ 9 in Time in Projection
Along Conditional Axis of Baykal Rift System. Dtethod of
Plotting Chart Is Described in [1, 31.
I--energy class K
Key:
1. Chinese Tunkinskiy bald peaks
2. Eastern Sayan
3. Tunkinskiy Southern Baykal basin
4. Khamar-Daban range
5. Selengi River delta
6. Central Baykal
7. O1'khon River
8. Barguainskiy basin
9. Northern Baykal
10. Upper Angarskiy bnsin
11. Muyakanskiy range
12. Northern Muyskiy range
13. Southern Muyskiy range
14. Muyskiy basin
15. Charskiy basin
16. Chdokan range
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~
h(
1~
XI
UY1
u1
n
~
.
�
. .
o
~
� 1
�
.
e e e
ae w
~
0 O
�
N ~
�
~ ~
� � O

� �
a e
. e
�
tp 0
�
�
�
~
I
~
�6
~p
u
~
Figure 5. Distribution of Shocks in Barguzinskiy Cluster of Earthquakes
in Time According to Energy Classes
Table 3. Earthquakes in Regions of Constantly Increased SeismiciCy
M nln
I P~AoH
~NCJ10 7!M�
nerpsceH~ 3
K�~ I
10
1
55,9-56,30N
98
11
Ao 0,5
116,1-117,1�E
780
2
56,3-56,70N
28
10
0,5
120,5-121,50E
1600
3
47,9-48,70N
43
11
0,3-1,0
102,5-103,5�E
330'
(4) * tING10TO7NKOSCK> 7. �'Tome,cK> S. (5
Key:
1. Number, in order
2. Region
3. Number of earthquakes
4. Number of shocks with K~ 7.
5. Same, with K~ 8
104
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Fox oFrIcznL usE oNLY
Snmc: revival nf aceiviCy in the cenCral Bnykal reginn wns obyerved in
Februgry. Southeast and easr ot 01'khon Island iti even cnnC:Lnued in
Msarcii-Aprtl. Che activiey herp did nor uaually exceed 0.5,
As compared with 1974, in the region of the Tuttlcinskiy bnsine and the
nor.Chern pnrC of Lake Kosogol the activity in the area eo the west of the
settlement of Mondy increased (more rhan up to 0.2) and decreASed in the
region to the easC (up tn 0.1 wieti 4i,= 0.5 in 1974).
Th e grouping of weak earthquakes (about 15 shocka up to the lOth energy
clasa, f/,~c 0.5-1.0) was unusual in August in the reg3on ok the eastern
part of the Amaznrskiy range near rhe eastern border o� the zone. The
largesC number o� these shocks was recnrded on 18 Augusr. Usually a�ew
earthquakes occur here, but iC is known ehaC there was a clnss 12 shock
somewhat Co the east in 1968. In 1970 several weak earthquakes wexe
recorded in the nearby region. '
TaU le 3 givea the data on the earthquakes in regions witli constantly
increased seismicity, where strong earChquakes occurred in a nearby fault.
In the first region the number of shocks in 1975, as compared witti the pre-
ceding years, was essentially unchanged, and in the second--considerably
decreased, and in the third was negligibly reduced. It should be taken
inCo considerarion, however, that near the southern boundary of the zone,
yet beyond the boundary of the region, in October-November Cwo earthquakes
with K= 13 occurred (entered in the nature of an exception in the caCalog
of earthquakes and in Table 2).
DespiCe the substantial dying down of the burst of seismic ac(tivity in the
region of the northeast of the Tsipikanskiy basin noted in the seismicity
survey in 1974, the number of weak earthquakes here in 1975 still remained
increased. In the area bounded by the coordinates 54.7-55.1�N and 112.5-
113.10E, 45 earthquakes were recorded with K~7, with the strongesC shock
in the lOtli energy class. The seismic activity reached magnitudes of 0.2.
Two shocks in the 12th class (on 24 September and 4 October) in the region
of Ctiivyrkuyskiy Bay in Baykal between the northeastern tip of Svyatoy Nos
peninsula and the eastern stiore of the lake are of consider�ble interest.
Two similar shocks occurred in the same place in 1974, as well (22 AugusC
and 10 October) and one shock, also class 12, only slightly to the norrh-
east--in 1969 (on 14 September).
The distinguishing feature of this local epicentral region lay in the fact
that these quite strong shocks were accompanied by only a small number of
weaker earthquakes or none at all. The epicentral region was located in
the zone of quite a large fault that passed in a northeast direction from
the Svyatoy Nos peninsula (and bordering the peninsula from the southeast)
through Chivyrkuyskiy Bay into the bottom of the Barguzinskiy range [9].
105
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The rectilinear conedur of the shoreline in Chivyrkuyakiy Bay ia caused by
tliin Eauit, sincc the terrieory 1oeated eo the norehweet drops bpneeeh the
wneers of Baykai.
Tlic resuiea of determining the mochanigm of the foeal points nf the enreh-
qugkes in Chivyrlcuyakiy Bay are contained in the eatalag ef addieional
pnramptera. As ean be seen, the mechanisma of the foc81 points nf these
eaethquakes, whieh hdve epicentera that ere very ciose, p roved Co be dif-
fprene. it muae, however, be borne 3n mind ehet as the re8ult of the
inguffieient elarity of the inieial data, thts conclusion sti11 cennot be
regardpd as compleeely unquestioneble.
The mechanism df the focus of the earehquake on 24 3epeember is very e1oge
ta ehe mcehanism of the dbove-meneioned ehock on 14 September 1969 (3).
When either of the ewo poesible planes permitted by the solution is taken
nn the p1ane af the fnule (one di them fa11s eo the norehweat, the other--
ttl the goutheagt), the movement in both ceseg should be of the fau1C type
, (upper limb dropped dawn).
The golurion fhr the shock on 4 October, a1ong with the fault, ig charac-
eerired (also wirh aselpction of any plane) by a substantial component
of phift movpnent. It is pnssible that the mechaniams of the focal pointg
oE ehis same local region during the above-noted earthquakes of 1974 were
of a similar type.
it shnuld be noted that when determining ttie mechanism of the focnl pointg
degcribed in bath this survey and in the surveys of the seismicity of the
8aykel region in preceding years, the graphic plottinge were made in the
pro3ection of the upper hemispheres. Therefore, the orientation o� the
axes of stresses is indicated everywhere in the surveys according to the
points where the axes intersect with the upper hemisphere. Adopted for
the planes for Wx are their strike azimuths (not the azimuths of the
direction of the dip), tt ,e --the angles with the horizon.
A epecial feature of the seismicity of the Baykal zone in 1975 lay in the
absence of suffieienCly strong earthquakes accompanied by a macroseismic
effect. Individual macrosefsmic manifestations of weak earthquakes nored
are Riven in the regianal catalog of the Baykal region. One may note the
existence of information on the perceptibility in some cases for earthquakes
nf only the IOth energy class. The moat complete information on the earth-
quake on 17 May was gathered by the key aeismological station at Zakamenek
by N. I. Shemetovyy. Thia earthquake--according to the determination of the
network of seismological stations of the Baykal region of the lOth energy
clagq--was felt with an intensity of up to 4 points in Zakamensk and was
located - south-southea9c of it less than 10 kilometers away from the settle-
ment of Kholtoson. In settlements only 5 kilometers (and farther) away
from Zakamensk to the northeast and northweat, however, it was not felt,
i.e., the area of perceptible tremors was small.
106
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nIBLIOGRApHY
1., Gdioneeskiy, S. t.; Misharinn, L. A.; Nnvdmeyakaya, r, V.; pt a1.,
"General Survey df elie Seismiciey of the Uaykai Regien in 1967," in L
the baok: "Zemteeryageniya v 33SR v 1967 godu" [Earehquxikes in thn
USSR in 1967], Moscow, Neuka, 1970.
2. Cdlpneeakiy, S. t.; Navdmayakaya, P. V; nukinn, K, t.; ot n1., "Survey
nf the 3eismicity of the Bnykai Region in 1968," in the bndk:
"Zetnletryaseniya v SS3R v 1969 godu," Moscdw, Nuulca, 1972.
3. Gdlenetakiy, S. I.; Bukina, K. i.; Anfgimnva, L. V.; ee a1., "EarCh-
hunkes in the Bayka1 Itegidtt," itt ehe bdok: "Zemletryggpniya v SSSR
' v 1969 gddu," Mogeow, Nnuka, 1973.
4. Cd1hneCakiy, S. I.; Bukina, K. I.; Nnvomeyskayn, F. V.; et a1,
"EerChquakea in the Bayknl Region," in the bndk: "zetnleCrynaeniya v
5SSK v 1970 gndu," Mdscow, Nauka, 1973.
5. Colenhtykiy, S. t. , "Earthquakeg in the Bgykal Reginn," in the book:
"zemletryageniya v SSSR v 1971 godu," Moscow, Nauka, 1975.
h. Goleneeakiy, S. I. ,"The 5trueture of the EpiCentral Field nf Earth-
quakes in the Baykg1 Region," IZV. AN SSSR, FIZIKA zEM1.I, No 1, 1976.
7. Culenetakiy, S. I.; Novomeyskayn, F. V.; Pgvlov, 0. V.; et a1.,
"7.omlerrypseniya v.555K v 1967 gndu," Mogcdw, Nnuka, 1970.
8. Gdlenetskiy, S. I.; Bukina, K. I.; pem'yanovirh, M. G.; eC nl., "The
Seiamicity of the Baykal aegton in 1968-1969," IzV. AN SSSIt. FIZIKA
7,CMLI, No 7, 1973.
9. Pavlov, 0. V. and ShnioCov, A. P., "Pribarguzin'yc: Seysmntektonika i
aeygmir.hnost' riftnvoy ststemy Pribnykal'ya" (Barguzin Region: 5eismo-
tortnnira F111d S8iJ111iCiry oE the Reef System di the gnyknl Reginn),
eciited by V. N. Solonenkn, Moscow, Naul:n, 1968.
107
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FdR UFFTCTAL U3C ONt,Y
EARnIqUAKES IN YAKU'TIYA AND THE NnRTNEASTERN USStt
B. M. Koz'min, T. A. Andreyev
In 1975, ingCrument dbgervetiong of the 1dca1 earthquakes were made ae
13 r.egioanl geistnalogicnl gtationg, 7 nf which are 1ocated on the rerritory
nf Ynkuriya and 6--in Magadanskaya Oblagt. The parameters of the recording
ingeruments of the stations are given in Table 1.
The location of the ppicenters oE the earthquakeg was determined by crosg
bedrings for the transit rime of the forward-traveling transverse waves ,
the velocity af which for Yakutiyg wag taken ag 3.6 km/spc, and for the
territory of Magadanakaya Oblast--3.5 km/sec. If there were shncke wit1l
an energy at the �ocuA of 1012 J or higher, crosg bearings of the leading
and forward traveling seismic wavea were used. The moment of origin of the
earthquake was calculated according to the former methodology (lj.
When data for the south nf Yakutiya was processed, seigmogram marerials
from observation pointg at Chara, Sredniy Kalar, Tupik (Institute of the
Earth's Crust of the 5iberian Department of the USSR Academy of Sciences)
and the bulletin of the Kirovskiy seismologir.al station (Sekhalin Complex
Scientific Research Institute of the Far Eastern Scientific Center of the
USSR Academy of Sciences) were drawn into use. The epicentera of the earth-
quakes in the northern and northeastern partg of the territory were found
from the recordingg of the Yakutiyn network of aeismological etationa, as
well as seigmograms and bulletins of the stations i.h Magadanskaya Oblast
affiliated with the SVKNII [Scientific Research Instit�te of the Vertical
Seismoqraph designed by Kfrnos] of the Far Eastern 5cience Center of the
USSEt Academy o� Sciences and the bulletin of the seismological station at
Tiksi (Institur.e of Physica of the Earth of the USSR Academy of Sciences).
The coordinaces of the epicenters were determined with greatest certainty
in the souch of the region, on the sections bordering the Baykal region.
Similar classes of arcuracy were established for individual shocks, the
accuracy of which corresponded to classes Q and 6 in the south of
Magadanskaya Oblast. In most of the cases, however, the coordinates of
the epicenters of the earthquake were included in classes /9 and /g with
respect to accuracy [2].
108
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~ 1 ~ To an� Z E-W N-S
Crl~n(M napirY(2) V T V 7' Y ' T
Pu m m m m m m
'Cnblr 1. Varemeters af thE! Inatruments df ScitimnlagiCn1 Stgtiattg irt
Ynkuti.yA and Che Ndrthease
� arua (4)
CltM�3
YcnNepa (5
CltM-3
YchHaKxq(
) C1tM�3
x
~
3
~
tor
A~ ( 8)
C!
9~
4ymMar
cxM�3
AK~
1 )
CK
CKM�3
Kc.y:
Morow :12) Clt
Maraaw�1 13 CItM�3
On~cy~tuw 14 CkM�3
CeRMVaH 15 CKM�3
Cycymw 16 CKM�3
YrnrOMVY 17 CIaf�3
FdR nFFIC IA1t USL ONLY
(3) AKrm
32 900
0,2-1,1
36200
28 100
0,2-1,1
30 800
38 100
0,3-1,2
46 900
2S 6D0
0,2-1,0
29100
41,600
0,4-1,2
$0200
36 700
0,3-0,9
0400
760
0,4-10
1840
50600
0,3-1.1
37 900
(11 teeepa8orrox
200
1-10
960
19 S00
0,9-1,2
18 900
12 S00
0,8-1,2
20 000
48 000
0,2-0,8
47 S00
18 000
0,6-1,0
1S S00
20 000
0,1-0,6
10 000
0,2-1,1
37100
0,2-1,1
0,2-1'1
31904
0,2-1,1
0,3-0,9
38 S00
0,3-0,9
0,1-1.0
12 700
0,2-1,0
0,4-1,2
4S 400
0,4-1,2
0,3-0,9
46 204
0,3-0,9
0,4-11
1940
0,4-11
0,7-1,4
:9100
0,7-1,4
1-10
720
1-10
0,9-1,2
23 000
0,9-I,2
0,2-0,6
20 000
0,2-0,6
0,2-0,8
48 000
0,2-0,8
0,6-1,0
18 000
0,6-1,0
0,2-0,6
20 000
0,2-0,6
1.
SCation
10.
Yakutgk
2.
Type oE instrument
11.
NnrCheast
3.
Yakutiya
12.
Magadan
4.
BagatAy
13.
Megadmi-I
5.
Ust'-Nerg
14.
Omsukchan
6.
Ust'-Nyuzhka
15.
Seymchan
7.
Khandyga
16.
Susuman
8.
Chagda
17.
Ust'-Omchug
9.
Chul'man
'The depeh nf the hypocenters was calculated from the equntion of Che hyper-
bolic travel time curve from the observations of the sCaCions that were no
fArther than 50 kilomerers away frnm the epicenter. The energy clags K was
estimated according to Knutian's nomogram. There was no change in the
representetive nnture of the earthquakes from 1974.
Datn on a toral of 306 shocks are Riven in ttie catalog of enrttiquakes.
'Cable 2 shows the distribution af the ntunber of earthquakes according ta
enerRy for various areas of ehe region and calculates the total seisniic
energy released in ench af these areas. The distribution of carthquakes
with respect to area is shown on the map of the epicenters (see diagram,
insert).
109
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Tab1r. 2. Uistribueidn n� Earrhquakpg in YakuCiya and Ndrthease By
Energy Ciapses and Regidns
(1) QA( 3) 3~+epretwYecKUA unice Ntoro(4
M peAaNS pIA~wiHe ro p~Aa E E~ 10A*
9 9 10 fl 11 MoM
1( ) OneKMUHCw~R 32
1(~) CTauoeoq xpe� 40
SCT .
3(7) MttwcKOe
24
NlPOM
4(8) Y4ypCK14i1
10
S(g) xp, l1MtYt'tt*Y P
41
M no6epeM"
OxotcKOro
6( 10) xp Certe�At6sm
3
7 (11) aP~ cwHa
7
8(12) ANO-OnnuKOl�
S
CItO! M/fOQrO
9 (13) xP. 4oPexoro
38
10 (14 ) ANaNNm+sw�
polonuMt�
2
wX WIMeM"ocn
11 (15) Mope limnsux
-
&ero no 30Ne (16)
202
7
3
- - 41
0,04
7
Z
49
0,03
4
3
- - 31
0,036
3
1
- - 1+
0.01
18
6
1 1 68
1,18
1
- 4
0,001
11
1
1 2 22
2,11
3
-
- - 8
0,004
16
2
1 - 37
0114
3
-
- - S
0,003
1
+
_ ~ 6
1,04
74
22
4 4 306
4,8
Key:
1. Number of region 10. Sette-Daban range
2. Name of region 11. Verkhoyanskiy range
3. Energy class 12. Yano-Oymyakonskoye upland
4. Total by rpgions 13. Cherakiy range
5. Olekminskiy 14. Yano-Indigiro-Kolymskaya
6. Stanovoy Range lowland
1. Aldanskoye upland 15. Laptevykh Sea
8. Churekiy 16. Tntal by zone
9. Dzhugdzhur Range, Okho[sk
Sea coastal area
As can be seen, the northern areas of the region were moat seismically
active inthis year. The Verkhoyanskiy range should be consider d the mogt
active of them. The amount of enerAy released here is 2.12-101~ J, which
is 44 percent of the entire year's total seiamic energy for the whole
region. A significant seismic occurrence in this region was the earthquake
on 12 August at 1500 hours Greenwich Time, the epicenter of which coincides
with the Chekanovskiy ridge, adjacent on the northwest to the Verkhoyanskiy
range and gravitating-toward the Leno-Anabarskiy marginal seam of the
Siberian platform [3].
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FOit OYr-tCIAL 115E dNLY
An underground ahock was feit ne the papul8eidn cenCerg af Chekurdvka ahd
Kyunyur. In Chekurovka the earthquake wns regiatered wieh an intensiey df
5 points: floors nnd ceilings creaked, window panes rateled, hnnging
objects sweyed and in some houses ob jECta feli off tnbles and alie1ves,
and a dull rumbling wgs heard. Tremorg up to 3 pnints were regisCered ne
Kyusyur: the earthquake was fele by peopie wha were floe moving arnund,
and di.nhes rateled slightly. 5mai1 rock fa11s ahd alides aere nnrrd
75 kilometers from the epieenter in the upper reaches of the Cyokit ttivtr
(left tributary of the Lena River). The pogsible ineensiey of the seiamir
shock at the epieenter in 6 points.
Increased seismicity wag nnred in the esCuary seeeions af the Lenn and Yann
rivers, as well as in the upper reaches of the trib ueari.es of the Yana itiver,
originating from the easeern spurs of the cenCral part nf the Verkttn gngkiy
renge. The energy range of the earrliqunkea recorded here is tb$-101~ .t.
There was slightly weaker seismie aeeivity in the waeer aree nE Chh Laptevykh
Sea, where on 19 November a strong eart}iquakC was rec:nrded npar ridl'shny
Lyakhovekiy Island. According to the infarmatinn of the Chief nf the hydrd-
meteorological station of the 'Cikginskoye Adminiqtrntion of llydrnmetedrd-
logical Serviceg, on Kotel'nyy Is1and ut the moment nE tlic shnck a strnng
rumbling wag heard, hanging objectg swayed nnd g1nKy rattlrd. 'I'he clear
moment af arrival of the wnvp originatfng during the seaqunke wag recnrded
on the tape of the depth gage.
The seiamic activity in the region of the bziiugdzhur range and the Cnngtnl
area of the Okhotsk Sea a peared quiee differently. '~he gum nE the rnergy
released here is 1.28�101~ J, or 27 percent nf tite entire yeurly gcismiC
energy of the zone. Most active are the upper reaeheg of the Knlyma und
Severnoye Priokhot' e riverg, whQre in t~ cember two earthquakes with energy
at the focus of 101~ J were recorded.
Just as in 1974, the Cherski.y range eygtem was seismically active, where
chains of earthquake epicenters with K= 8-11 extend along the subparallel
faults of the northwest strike. The Darpirskiy and In'yali-Debinskly faultg
are the most aeismogenic [4]. In 1975, in the area of the 9-point Artyk
earthquake of 1971, aftershocks continued to be recnrded. The energy at the
focus of one of thero (16 Marrh 1975, ut 0800 haurs Greenwich 'Cime) w�as 1011 J.
The southern areas of the zone are lesg active. Only 3 perrrnt rf the totnl
amount of .4eismic encrg,y was releasQd here. Ny earthquakes higher than
K= 10 were registered in the south. The sections in the cencral crurge of
the Olekma River in the area of the 9-point shock of 1967, in Zapadniy
Stanovik, the A1daR upland (right hank of the 'Cimpton ttiver) and in tl�
Uchur itiver basin were the most revived.
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BIBLIOGRAPNY
1. Colenerekiy, S. i.; Mighnrina, L. A.; Novomeyekaya, F. V.; er a1.,
"A Genera1 Survey oE the Seismicity of Che Uaykal Re$3on in 1967,"
in the book: "Zemletryaseniye v SSSR v 1967 godu" [Earthquakes in the
US3R in 19671, Moscow, Nauka, 1970.
2. "At1as xemleeryaseniy v SSSR" (AClag of Earthquakes in the USSR),
Moecow, tzdatel'etvo AN SSSR, 1.962.
3. Gusev, G. S.; Mokahantsev, K. B.; and Tret'yakov, F. F., "Faultg in
ehe Verktioyano-Chukotqkaya Vold Area," in the book: "Razlomnaya
Eektonika terriCorii YakuCakoy AS3R" [Fault Tsctonies in the Territory
of the Yakutsk ASSx), Yakuesk, YaF CO AN 3SSR, 1976.
4. "'Cektonika Yakutii" [Tectunieg of Yakutiyal, Novosibirsk, Nauka, 1975.
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CAR'CHQUAKES IN 'CHE AMi1R itEGION ANU PRIMOR' YE [ COASTAL 1tEGI0N ]
L. S. Oaknrbin
InserumenCal observatians o� earehquakeg in the Amur regian, including the
enrrieory nf Amurskayn Oblase and the regions of Khebaravskiy Kray edjMCpnt
to it, were made in 1975 at field eype seismolobicgl seaeinns ar Kirnvakiy,
Bomnalc, Yasnyy (opened at the end of January 1975), Nikolayevsk-na-Amure
and Ugt'-Nyukzha (Yakuesk branch of the Siberian Ueparement of the USSR
Academy of Sciences). When Che sCronger carehquekes wpre prncessed, datn
from the Chul'man station (Yakutsk branch nf the Siberinn Uepnrtment of the
USSit ACademy of Sniences) and o� other remoCe ataCinns in Siberia And the
Car Easr were included. 7'he parameters nf the geismic insrrumenes at the
sCnCidns lisCed ere p{ven in (1], and the eeismological station at the
aetClement of Yasny}� s equipped with similar seismogrnphs witti the snmc
parnmeCerg as the sturions ar Kirovskiy and Bomnak.
The existing neCwork of regional geismologicgl sCations, taking inCo accnunt
the stations at Tupik of the Institute of the Egrth's Crust of the Siberian
Department of the US5R Academy of Sciences and at Chul'man, ensures the
recording on the Amur region territory without omissions of earChquakes
with K= 7 for Zeyskiy Rayon nnd wiCh K= 8-9 for the rest of Amurskaya
Ohlbat, excluding its souttie rn regions. Earthquakes with K> 10 are
representAcive for other areas of ttie Amur region.
The coordinates of the epicentcrs were deCermincd for nll the earthquakes
registered by sEVeral ararions, and as much as possible for weaker under-
ground shocks recorded by only one stntion. In tlie first case, stAndard
methods of cross bearings nccording to t and isochrones or mean lines
were used: in this case the time at the focus wgs compuCed frnm the dif-
ference in 5-P for the stations closest to the epicenter. The position of
the epicenter, according ta the datn of anc station, was located accnrding
to the azimuth for the epicenter and according to the epicentral interval
computed on the basis of the travel time curve S-P. In view of the lack
of a special travel time curve for the Amur region, we used the .leffreys-
Bulleo travel time curve, and to process the earthquakes recorded by one
or two stations, it was used for a focal depth of !t = 10 kilometers. 'Ciie
accuracy of the coordinates of the centers 'Was accomplished according to
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the Ar1as ciasgification o� USSIt earChquakes [2]. For epicenrers determined
Erom the daea of anLy dne station, i.t wes eonaidered ChaC their mean error
wns equal en apprdxinieCe1y 20-25 kilometera aC a distiance of up Co 150
kilomeeers, and 30-60 kilomeCgre--at a diatance o� up to 300 k3lonieters.
The aecuracy of mnae of the apiceneera ie inc].uded in claes A or B, which
reE1ecCs ehe unfavorabla condttiona o� eheir determinaeion: the sma11
number of �eismic sCati.ons and thQir unidirectional positiion in relation
ed the epicenters, the congiderable epicenCral di.etances Co the negresC
staCiang, etc.
The depth nf the focal poinCg was derermined primarily by aelecting the
trevel rime curves of the longitud3nal waves on condition of the beae
Convergence o� the momente when the earthquakes occurred, obtained for
individunl staCions. For aevera1 earthquakes the depth of the liypocenCer
was found b,y means of the d3fference in the arrivals of the sP and P waves.
On the whole, the diseribution of the focal poinCs of earthquakea wiehin
the pnrCh's cruse (wieh an asgumed thicknesg of 33-35 km) is more reliable
rhnn rheir distributinn aCCOrding to specific amounts of depChs. The
energy rLlasaificgrion nf ttie Amur region earthquakes for K~wae madp in
ar.r.nrdancp with Rautian's nomogram (3j.
Thr FtAs'IC parameters of earthquakes with K.> 8 in 1975 were given in the
catning, and the territorial distribuCion of the epicenters of all the
underground shocks (including those with Ke-* 8) is shown in Figure 1(see
insere). In all, the position of the epicenCers Qf 453 earthquakes was
determined. The di3tribution of the underground shocks wiCh respect Co the
energy c1nsAes K for 1974 gnd 1915 is as follows:
K
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
Total
1974 r.
0
1
0
14
21
60
38
12
146
1975 r.
1
0
4
S
23
93
283
44
433
The seismicity of the Amur region in 1975 was somewhat higher than in 1974,
but the considerable increase in 1975 in the number of earthquakes with
K= 6-$ is mainly connected with the improvement in the conditions of
registering the underground shocks through developing the network of seismic
stations in Zey.skiy Rayon.
On the basis of the data from the catalog of earthquakes in 1975, for the
representative underground shocks, a f requency graph was plotted (Fig. 2),
and the tangent of ite pitch angle was y= 0.37+0.07.
The strongest earthquake in 1975 occurred in a little-studied region on
29 June at 12:25 Greenwich time. It was registered by stations in Bomnak,
Kirovskiy and Yasnyy as well as by many other seismic stations in Siberia
and the Far East. Since the epicenter of this earthquake (see the Basic
Catalog) was confined to the Selemdzhinskiy range, in the future we will
call it the Selemdzhinskiy earthquake.
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N
/00
0
p0,J7*lj Dy
!0
0
1 C 9 /0!!11ldk=lgE
Figure 2. Graph of the Frequency of EarChquakea in 1975.
The Selemdzhinskiy earrhquake should have been felt by the inhubitants of
the nearest population centers, but this information was noe received; in
addition, it had no special macroseismic investigation. Three hours after
the main jo1C, there was an aftershock wirh K- 9, buC at a depth of
= 10 km; two more aftershocks were noted on 2 July with K= 8.5 and on
15 ,1uly with K= 7, but no other repeated jolts were registered in the
second half of 1975. When the mechanism of the focus of the Selemdzhinskiy
earChquake was determined from the data of 20 seismic stations, two nodal
planes were obtained (mechanism according to the method of N. V. Vvedenskiy
was determined by M. I. Rudik): the first, near-vertical (dip of 10� to
the northeast), wiCh a strike of 143�, and the second, with a strike of
41� and a dip of 35� to the northwest. In both cases of identification of
the nodal plnnes with Che displacer of the earthquake, shift faults with
a predominance of ho rizontal component of Che shift are obtained. xn the
second case, the southeast (spur) part of the Selemdzhinskiy range should
shift to the northeast and upwards, relative to the axial part of the range;
in the first, the spur southwest side should shift to eheojiorthwest and
upwards relative to Che axial side.
The distribution of the epicenters of earthquakes along the Selemdzhi River
is of such a type that before the occurrence of the Selemdzhinskiy earth-
quake, all the underground jolts occurred southwest of its epicenter. In
this series of earthquakes the earthquake on 27 March (see catalog), with
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1t = 30 km, is in the highesr energy clasg, Ka 10. A11 the epiceneerg of
the enrthqunkes thaC occurred aftQr 25 June are located to the northease.
An enrChqueke wieh K a g wge noeed on 6 Jenuary in Chia same direcCion,
near the OkhoCsk coase (A1'skiy range region).
A gubstantial number of earChquake epicenrers were reCOrded in the region
formed by the Mayskiy, Uzhugdyr, Atagakiy, Tokinakiy, Stanovik and.Stanov
ranges (eggtetrn part). We above a11 noCe the clusCer of earChquakea with
enprgy CI.tl59@S of K= 7-9, the epicenrers of which were Lor.ated in the
ineerfluvial area of the zeya and Kupur' (southwest spurs of the Dzhugdyr -
_ Range). 'I'hree earthqualces (K < 8) occurred at the juncture of the Uzhugdyr
and Mayskiy ranges. The epicenters o� the three earrhquakea were confined
to the spurs of the Aengskiy Range: on 19 March wiCh K@ 9.5 (y'Q 55.5� N,
A = 132.3�E), on 11 F'ebruxry with K= 9 gnd on 4 February with K= 8.
Several egrrhquakes were recorded in the southern spura of the Stgnovoy
Range, nnrCh of the settilement of Bottmgk and along the Zeya River, between
the centere of Kirovskiy and Bomnak. The underground shock on 14 March at
17:41 had the highest magniCude, K= 9.
In the Tukuringro-Soktakhansk region, a large number oE earthqnakes were
noted with energy classes noe exceeding a magnitude of K= 9. 'I'he seis-
micity of this region in 1975 was somewhat lower than in 1974. Here the
group of epicenters was located in the interfluvial area of the Zeya and
the Gilyuy, where in 1974 Chree earthquakes with K= 10 were recorded [1].
In this same district, directly adjacenC Co the Zeya rese rvoir, stronger
earthquakes with K= 11 (M ;:&,4.0) also occurred in 1889, 1964 and 1967 [4].
Seismic activity continued in the focal area of the Gilyuy earthquake on
13 Jime 1972 and in the section between the epicenters of the latter and
the Yuzhno-Tukuringrskoye (2 November 1973) earthquakes [4]. Here, two
earthquakes on 3 and 23 February--had an energy class of K m 9. A group
of epicenters of feeble earthquakes (K < 7) was recorded 10-40 kilometers
northwest of the Zeya River. In the Soktakhansk part of the region under
discussion, the underground shocks form a narrow belt in the southwest-
norrheast direction, going outside the confines of the Verkhnezeyskaya
lowland. In this belt there only two earthquakes--on 6 and 26 February--
with K = 9.
Southwest of the Zeya River, as far as the Amur River, th ree groups of
earthquakes with a varying ener.gy level may be noted. One of them was
located 30-50 kilometers northwest of the Magdagachi River, where the
strongest was the underground shock on 10 December with K= 9.5 and
Ic = 30 kilometers. Before it, here in 1974-1975 earthquakes were recorded
with only K< 8, but, according to the data from insCrument observa[ions,
a considerable number of earthquakes with K< 9 were noted up to 1974 in
this region [4]. The second group of epicenters of earthquakes with K C 8
is locAted northeast and southwest of the settlement of .Tygda from the
Zeya River to the Amur River. Several weaker earthquakes (K < 8) were
confined to the epicenter of th e earthquake on 21 September 1929, with
M = 4.4 [4].
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A dense bel.t (up tn 50 lcm i,n wideh) nf epieenterg of egrthquakes wie}i K 9
is 1ncaCed wesr oE Amurekayn Ob1gsC, aeraeching frnm the Srgnovoy Rnnge in
n snurherly d3receion ta the Amur ttiver. Soueh of thia river iC goes nway,
apparently, eo Che CerriCnry of rhina, eo the Greati Ankung ltange. mhe epi-
centere ot ttie earthqunkes in this belt are primarily conEined Co the Yankan
and Chernyshev ranges and the southern spurs of the Seandvoy Rgnge. Seronger
earehnuakes in ehis region were nored on 2 September 1962 (M = 4, Chernyahev
Range), on 29 September 1964 (M = 4.5, southern spurs of the Sranovoy Range),
23 Apri1 1966 (K e 10, eaee of Skdvorodinn), on 30 January and 13 May 1972
(K - 10, southprn spurs of the Seanovoy Range) [4] and on 21 November 1974
(K = 12, noreh of Skovorodino) [1],
'Chis year geveral earthquakes were recorded on the boundary oL Amurgkaya and
ChiCinsknyn obinsCs in the region of the KiCemu-Yunkal, Dzheltulittgkiy
Seanovik and Urushinskiy rAnges, Cwo of which--on 13 Oceober and 20 December
--had respecCively tt m 10 and 9.5. The epicenterg of twn egrehquakeg with
K- 11, which occurred on 21 Sepeember, were located in the area nf the
Amazarsk3y and Borshchovochniy ranges (wese of Amursknya Oblast).
The ep3centers nf separtlte earehquakeb were recorded in the resC of the
terr:ttnry o.f the Amur region. We will nore some nf them. First of all,
the earehquake with K- 11.5 (M 4.2), which occurrpd nn 7 OGtober 1975
fn the region of the Bureinskiy Itange (according to the insCrument data, no
earehquakes had been noted here before), and the earthquakes with K Q 8-9
on 17 May near the Amur River (east of the Amur region) and on 25 SepCember
in the region of the Yasnyy seismic station and 24 Octnber north of the
Tu ran a Itnn ge .
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Koz'min, B. M.; Oskorbin, L.S.; Volkova, L. F.; and Nagornykh, T. V.,
In the ba6k: "Zemletryaseniya v SSSR v 1.974 godu" [Ear.thquakes i. the
USSR in 1974], Moscow, Nauka, 1977.
2. "Atlas zemletryaseniy v SSSR" [Atlns of Earthquakes in the USSEtj,
edited by Ye. F. Savarenskiy, S. L. Solov'yev nnd D. A. Kharin,
Moscow, Izdatel'sevo AN 555R, 1962.
3. Rautian, 'C'. C.,"Determining the Energy of Earthquakes at DisCances up
to 3,000 Kilometers," "Trudy IFZ AN 55SR" [Worka of ttie Institute of
Physics of the EarCh of the USSR Academy of Sciences], No 32, 1964 (199).
4. Oskorbin, L. S., "Seismicity of the Primor'ye [Coastal Area] and the
Amur Region in the book: "Seismicheskoye rayonirovaniye Kuril'skikh
ostrovov, Primor'ya i Priamur'ya" [5eismic Regionalization of the
Kuril Islands, the Coastal Area and the Amur Region], Vladivostok, 1977.
117
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:l
EARTHQUAKES IN SAKHALIN
L. S. Oekorbin
Thig nrCicle describes the egrrhquakes in Sakhalin and the adjacenr sections
of Khgbarovskiy Kray Chat were recorded by permanenr and temporary seismo-
logical qtations aC Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Uglegorsk, Tymovskoye, Okhg and
Nikolayevsk-na-Amur (Khabarovski,y Kray). When earthquakea with M 4 were
processed, data from stations in the Far East and the Base Netwark of Ctie
USSR Unified Sy,gtem of Seismic Observations, whtch recorded these earth-
quakes, were also drawn into use. The main parameters of the seiamo graphs
of Clie permanenC seismological staCions are given in [1], where the areas
of representativeness of the earthquakes of varying energy level in this
region are also presented.
The hasic paramerers of the earthquakes were determined in 1975 by the same
methads gs in 1969-1974 [1, 21. Figures 1 and 2 show the boundaries beCween
the conventional regions and their numbering, and the designaCion of the
regions is given in [2].
The basic parameters for 80 earthquakes were determined from the results of
the nbservationa. InformaCion is put in the catalogs on the parameters of
only 30 earthquakes with K> 8. Underground shocks, the focal points of
which lie beneath the earth's crusC, with an assumed, tliickneas equal to
33 kilometers are n ot included in the catalog. The distribution of earth-
quakes, including earthquakes with K-;;8, with reapect to the energy level
in 1974 and 1975 is given in the table. Maps of the epicenters with K> 8
and K< 8(figs. 1, 2) give an idea of the territorial distribution of the
earthquakes.
A frequency chart (Fig. 3) was plotted for representative earthquakes in
Sakhalin, wh ich is approximated by the ratio
1g4/a 4.4-0.42 (�0.05) K.
HereN ia the number of earthquakes with K- + 1.0, occuring in the zone
during the year. The slope of the �requency graph is 7' = 0.42, which is
somewhat greater than the value l~ = 0.38 for the Sakhalin earthquakes in
1974 [3].
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rox oFrxcM usE orrLY
~
..,r._ ~
8m
I Sli--
---448i
:
1
7
ai1
a 1
O
10;H411
O
9!Hj10
` y
8~~'
0
9M>! 11 I>Ra f 0j10,K>9j9>X>1 j A 7R>1 I K,7 I Deero
Key:
~
199~1
0
0
~1
4
12
7
17
1975
0
3
Z
3
7
3
17
1974
1
1
0
9
d
1
IS
1
1475
d
0
1
8
10
0
14
19�
O
O
O
1
S
2
a
a
1973
a
o
1
o
i
0
z
1974
0
0
0
7
14
IS
36
4
1975
0
1
0
S
tl
6
23
s
1974
O
0
0
0
0
0
0
1995
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
1974
0
0
O
0
1
S
6
1975
0
0
0
0
4
3
7
7
1974
0
0
0
1
S
3
9
1995
0
0
0
1
3
0
4
8
1974
0
0
0
S
S
3
13
1975
0
0
1
S
2
0
B
1974
I
1
4
6
46
37
Il5
(3) Acero
1973
0
3
S
22
38
12
80
1. Number of region
2. Year
3. 'faea1
A Eurther redueeion in ehe overall 1eve1 of seismic activiry is observed ag
compared with 1973-1974. Only three earthquakes wittt M= 4.3-4.6 were
recnrded. With respeet to the number of earthquakes regigtered with maxi-
mum mngnitude, the aeismicity levels in 1972 and 1975 are comparable, but
the total number of undergraund ghocks in 1975 was less. if one eompares
the seismic activity in 1974 and 1975 fnr the conventional regions, it
follows from Tab1e 1 and figures 1and 2 that the seigmicity in regions
Nos 1, 4 and 8 this year were higher than in 1974; a reduction in the
seismic activity was noted in regions Nos 2 and 7; approximately identical
activity in the east of South Sakhalin (No 6) gnd in reginn No 3; j ust as
in 1971-1974, not even wenk underground shockg were registered in the
conventional region Nn 5.
The strongest earthqunke (M - 4.6) occurred on 25 October 1975, approxi-
mately 50 kilometers norChwest of the city of Uglegdrsk (region No 4), where
it was felt with an intensity of 2-3 points. The depth of the focus of this
earthquake according to the inatrument data wag h Q 10-20 km; if its per-
ceptibility ig taken into account, then according to the equations of the
macroseismic field (4], the dppth of the focus ahould be at least 20 km.
The epicenters of the preceding (in 1974 and 1975) earthquakes surround the
focal area of this earthquake on all sides; the strongeat, with K= 9.5
(Mf" 4.1) occurred on 6 March 1975 at a depth of up ta 10 kilometers.
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Itepeated HiinekA eE ehc� oartlthuake under diseutinian were reearded eo b@
on1y ewa witli KC U. Tlie seismie aceiviey of Che Uglegorak pare of
regton No G iner~aLqed in 1975, 3unt aA in 1968, 1970 end 1973.
N
d0
JO
!0
0
J
6
J
P
yt0,4tlO,O,f
s6 ~s9i01 ff Ks 19E
Figurp 3. Graph of Che Frequency of Sakhalin Earthquakeg in 1975
In other secCinns of region No 4(see figa. 1 and 2) borh groups of earth-
qunkeg and individual underground ahocka were registered. Among them are:
groups of epicenters with K= 6-8 to the southwest of the settlement of
'Cymovgkoye, in the Krasnogorsk region, and northwest of the city of Yuzhno-
Sakhalinsk, gnd individual epicentera in the region of the M iva River,
west of Shebunino and the isthmus of poyasok.
Twe earthquakes with M= 4.3-4.5 were registered in the North Sakhalin
region (No 1). One of them nccurred on 16 January (h = 10-30 km, M! 4.5)
with an epicenter 40 kilometers eoutheast of the epicenter of.the November
earthquake in 1973, with M= 5. Not even weak underground shocks were
recnrded in the vicinity of the epicenter of the earthquake on 16 January.
The second earthquake, wirh M= 4.3, was recorded on 8 April 1975, with its
ppicenter locgted near the settlement of Neftegorsk (approximately SO km
south of the Okha River). Information on this earthquake was gathered by ~
head seismological station at Okha by P. Ye. Chegodayevyy. It was estab-
ltshed that the intensity of the earthquake in this settlement, located
in the plains area (soil--clayey sand), was 3-4 points. Moat of the set-
tlement's fnhabitants felt it in approximately the same wny and noted
even rolling, dishes clanging, slight sh ifts of light objects, swinging
of half-opened doors and hinged ventilation panes and the duration of the
vibration for several seconds. In other population points (Paromay, Sabo,
122
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Pi1'run and Kydylan'i), the harehquake was net felt. mhe depeh af ehe fncua
in eseimaeed �ram the inatrumone daea at 10-30 kildmaters. Wieh the magni-
tude nf the tremors nk 3-4 poi.nts, aC a discance of 15 lcilomp-ters from the
epicenter, according en the equaei.ons of the neiamic field (4), the d@pell
df the focun was A - 30 km.
Uurtng 1975 f.our repeeeed shdeke (K - 7) of rhis earehquake were recorded.
On 4 January at 07:45 atjatli@r earehquake eeeurred in the souehwest of the
Nareh Sakhalin region, the epi.center af which, deeermi.ned at a paine with
eadrdinates-- y' - 51.6�N, A - 141,9% was loeated near the setelemene of
Viakheu, where it was �e1t wieh an intens3ry of 4-5 poines. The energy
elags of the earehquake was K 8 9(M ^d 3.4), and the depCh of the focus,
acrdrding eo the insCrument daea, was tia 10 km.
Taking into consideration the ineensi.ty of the earthquake at 4-5 points,
the distance eo the epiceneer d= 10 km and the magnitude M a 3.4, we
obeain, ~cedrdingly [4], h= 5 km fnr the depCh of the focus. This wng
the Eirst time that an earrhqualce of such ineenaiey hnd beEn reenrded in the
region of the setelement of Viakheu in the lase decadp; before thia rhere
had been a �ew underground shocks here with only K!g 7.
In neher pertg of conventinnal rpgidn No 1, individugl cnrthqunkeg with
K~~ 9 ware recorded northwest of the Shmidt Peninsulg and wese nf the Okha
River, in the region di the settlements of Pogib' and Rybnnvgk.
The seismic aetivity in the region of the Easeern Sakhalin assumedly deep
fault (region No 2) in 1975 was expressed boCh by groups and by individugl
epicenters of earthquakes with K r 9.5. Among them are: the group of
epicenters sdutheast of the Okha itiver and in the reginn di the bagi gulf,
nnd individual earthquakea northeast of the Okha River and near the border
oE the region of northeast Northern Sakhalin. The earthqueke on 30 January
with K= 9.5 and epicenter wiluh coordinates y'- 55.4�N and ~l = 143.7�E was
the sCrnngeqC in region No 2.
The enrttiqunke that occttrred on 4 January at 03:59, with the epicenCer in
the region of the Lun'slciy gulf (north:ssL ui LiIU scctlemen[ of Tymovskoye)
had the highest energy class (K = 9) in the Easte rn Sakhalin range (region
No 3). In addiCion, one more earthquake in the south o� the Eastern
Sakhalin range was recorded.
In ttie territory of region No 6, weak earthquakes were recorded only in tlle
region of Yuzlino-Sakhalinsk and southeast of it.
The seismicity n� the territory of Khabarovskiy Kray, adjacent to Sakhalin
(region No 7) was weak. Only three earthquakes with K< S were recorded
here in the region of the Amur River. The epicenters of the weaker indi-
vidual earChquakes (K < 8) were recorded in the vicinity of Nikolayevskn-
na-Amure and norChwest of it.
123
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in lidclttinn te the e . arehqueken mrntien@d wh@n describing the Beismic region, aetiviey of ehe Uh~e~di~~ne~rgnoreh~westeaf@Monern Sakhrohaislat~d was record@doin
earthryuake wieh tp
regidn No 8.
BSI3LIOGEtAPHY
1. Oskdrbin, L. S.,.Volknva, L. F., "Earrhquaken in 3akhalin and the
Coasen1 ReRion," in the book; "Zem].etryaseniya v 3S3R v 1972 godu"
[Earthquakps i.n tih e USSR in 19721, Moscow, Nauka, 1976.
26 nskorbin, L. S.; Lazarenkn, 1. U.; Savos'ko, V. N., et 81., "Earthquakes
in Sekhalin and the Coagtal Area," in the bookt "Zemletryaseniya v
SSSR v 1969 godu" [Earthquakeg i.n the-U33R in 19691, Moscow, Nauka, 1973.
3. Osknrbin, Li~~~, S~niv1oSSStt v 19741goduh~uMoseow~, Sakhalin," the
baok: "Zem ynYa v
4. Shcov'yev, S. L.; Oakorbin, L. 5.; Me1'niknv, 0. A.; gnd Pavlov, Yu. A.,
"Sakhalin," in the book: "Seysmicheskoye rayoniroveniye territorii
SSSEt" (Seismie ftegionalixation of the Territory of the USSRj, Chap 20,
MOgCOW, NAUItB, 1975.
124
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F0[t OCFICIAL USh dNLY
EAtt`ItiQUAKES IN KURIL
L. N. Poplavgkaya, A. Ll. Boychuk, M. 1, Rudik
The cenerel evant in the seismic life of the Kuril region in 1975 wag the
series of f3ve gtrong (M.;?~ 6.8) underground shocks in the gnuth of the
ingular Are. Thi.s evenr deeermined the high 1eve1 of seismic activiCy in
the seueh of the Kuril islands 8nd the antire epie@neral zone as e whole.
Out oE the 15130 earehquakes wieh M> 4.0, for whieh iE wag pogsibie td
determine the basic paremeterg, 750 were aftershocks of the earthquekes
meneioned (Tab1e 1).
The frequeney chart, ealeulated for ail the earthquakes with a foral depth
of 0 GH SO km, has the form
1g) s 6.57-1.00M(+0.16), (1)
where ?t is the number of Qarthquakes of a given magnitude M, which changed
from 4.5 to 6 wtth a spacing of d M= 0.25.
An anAlogous chart, calculated without taking into consideratinn the after-
shocks, has values of the peramoeers cloge to those obtained in (1):
lg h = 6.34-1.07M(�0.37) (2)
This makeP ie poseible to gCatp that the seigmic conditiona of the Kurilo-
Okhorsk epicentral zone in 1975 were dctermined by the conditihne in the
gouth of the Kuril iglands.
From an analysis of the equation (2)9 it can be seen that a certntn number
of efie earthquakes with M= 4.0-4.25 were omitted by the recording, which
can apparently be explained by the lack of geismological stntiong on the
iglands of Matua and Onekotan in 1975.
An overwhelming number of seismic shocks werQ recorded in the range of deptha
from 0-80 km, where the main pArt of the seismic energy was released. At
great depths the maximum magnitude observed was M= 6.25, and the amount
of energy releascd was lesg by two orderg of magnitude.
125
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Tnblr 1. DisCrtbution of ghe Kurilo-Okhoegk Earehquak@s by Magnieude
and Voeal Depth
Nxrep.~n ~nyeNa ~n~~~~~ owro. Kw ~2)
MUMM. M (1)
I-eo ei-aoo ao~-~so
,
Key:
4,0
433
13
i
4,15
299
11
1
4.50
178
11
1
. 1,75 :
+8
4
1
$10
37
1.
1
S14S
16
1
1
S1S
16
2
2
3,73
4
1
1
610
6
4
0
6625
1
1
1
6,S
3
0
O
6,75
2
0
0
7,0
3
0
O
(3) 8cero ronvkos B Mxrepune
1068
SO
tZ
(4) 1tonM4erno euc2060*�
1,1 -f021
4,70011
1,7 ,1021
acw+oR 3HepMM, 3pr
1. Magnitudp M
2. SpeCing of depChg of ocrurrence of focal points, d; km
3. Toral ghocks in interval
4. Amount af energy released, in erge
Of the 1,130 earthquakes in the KUril-Okhotsk region, 80 had a noticeable
macroseismic effect. The diatribution of perceptible ahocks with respect
to the epicentral zone presented in Table 2 showg that most often the
c:daqtal area of the Southern Kuril iglands was subjected to macroseismic
effect, and the maximum effect, equal to 6 pointg, was observed here.
We wilt discuss in detail the manifestations of seismic activity in egch
oE thc seigmdactive regidng gingled our in Figure 1.
'rhe dverwhelminR number of epicenters of the earthquakes of the
Paramughir region were concentrated in the grea occupied in 1973 by
the epicentral zone of aftershocks of the earthquake on 28 February.
On 11 May, at 06:56, in the southern section of thig zone an earthquake
was recorded with M= 6.1, at a depch of f/ = 60 km (No 4). This was the
strongest ghock in the region. Itg macroseismic effect on Paramushir
island was estimated at 4 pointa. A series of shocks with hypocenters at
depths of f/ = 30-45 kn, which followed this earthquake, formed a chain
of eptcenterg extended in a southeastern direction. The maximum magnitude
of tHe aftershocks was not over M= S.S. Therefore, in 1975, thc southern
section of the hypocentral zone of the earthquake on 28 February 1973 was
the mnst active in the Paramushir region.
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�e ~e~
Ot r
w Of
A 0
T + ;
Ot' 0
4 ( ~j 00 0 ^
o 525 ~ 460
0
480 o. nsp.MyWNp ~ 4e
~ 880 +a
O ~
0~ OH~MOT~N~ O O
L 530 W I ~ $
S? r,,~,,~a Matrs 0 ~
440
14 a CH y Np ~ 0
~ ~ ~ ~ ~

~ 0g0
-
~ . ~850 44 -
E� a yPyn ~0 41
e980 0D~j~ ~
75 0840 aHrypjrn
866 - - p
CI IIIMN'� ~ �
''h" � ~
~ a KraaWNp t
~ ~ '\.r�� = /p
x~~ � 0 ~ /
~ +
e '9 =
0 Qo` _ ~
H ~
0 ~
iN
OI O,9Of
040S()8
197(3800
~4-~JD

N
SQ RM
Figure 1. Map of Epicenters of the Kuril-Kamchatka Earthquakes in 1975
Wi th K> 9(M Z 4)
[Key on Following Page] 127
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Migni tude and energy elass t 1--6. S< M 4 that occurred in the zone, three were con-
fined to the underwater Gakkelya ridge, and to the precise part of it that
passes through th e Central Arctic basin.
In addition to the earthquakes included in the catalog, the table gives data
on weak earthquakes recorded by only one station, for which iC was impossible
to determine the coordinates of the hypocenter [4].
146
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roR oFrIcItL usc oNLY
0
rl~
~
~
0
N d4
I
u I
~
u
d ~
x ~
-W v
r.
�rl c+~
1
N I
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u
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W ~7
O 1
i
y N
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147
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Dl yt rlbut i.an df Woak Lnrehquakes (K !!~g ln) Aceurding td Distance di tteCOrdiag
itnd t.nurgy Cl~~tica K
C1>
cIAHUMPI
4NCA0
x
~
13
29
04 10 18,6
44,23
79,28
A
' ~
3
31
11 45 58,0
42,36
75,14 ,
A
November
1
08 S1 42,8
4248
77,00
6
23
8
4
10 18 32,2
41,38
75,00
A
S
10
13
07 01 404
42,48
71,47
A
20
9
S
� 14
01 39 33,4
43,04
76,36
A
1S
8
4
09 28 53,0
43,27
77,06
A
7
2
18
~
10 OS 46,2
42,41
76,19
a
9
3
21
01 40 47,4
41 p3
7839
A
11
11
21
08 27 16,8
44,18
77,36
A
7
1
16 31 38,8
41A0
76,45
A
9
12
30
22 38 06,0
42,48
79,21
A
1 1
9
December
3
15 18 52,2
42,49
77,33
A
25
9
8
4
7
4
11 3S 41,4
41.S3
78,24
A
8
13
13 02 00,6
43,44
75,43
A
8
7
8
23 47 40,2
42.24
79,09
A
22
09 45 25,0
43,13
1648
A
20
8
4
24
04 47 20,8
44,16
79,12
A
1
1
6
30
02 44 32,5
41,21
76,13
A
9
254
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Reginnnl Caealog of Ettrthquakee in A1eay and Sayan
A. T. Fi].ina, chief compi.ler
i, D. Tsi.bul'chik, compiler
Key;
1. No, 3n orde r
2. Number
3. Momene of oceurrencp, hrs, mins, gecs
4. Coordinates of epieenCer: ~ � N
5. Conrdinateg o� epicentier: ,k � E
6. C1ass of acr.uraey
7. K
R. Numher ef rection
KooptaaIru mrt�
ltnioo
W plAo�
N' n~n
~t~+cno
MoMelir 2o3~KHa
uo~tTq~
~rorxoM
1C
M~
ff1tlU1I
O�N
1~�E
TM
r M c
~
1
3
4
s
e
7
e
January
Z
17 28 45,0
$1,67
98,43
6
6
9
11
3
4
1
4
02 18 564
51,81
98,50
9
3
2
13
17
18 02 51
13 21 31,7
S 1,7
S0A3
98,4
90,80
A
6
11
S
20
1S 10 47
47, 3
93,3
A
9
11
10
3
3
24
24
04 44 07b
04 SS S9,3
31,89
31,78
98b8
980
6
0
10
3
2S
10 48 53,0
50,27
91,20
~
9
1
3
12 S1 12,2
SOaO
90,97
6
10
9
11
26
03 17 44,2
0
18 07 46
48,81
$0,48
88,22
90,93
6
6
10
S
,
23 S6 16,5
S1,B8
98I59
6
9.
3
,
27
04 16 00,0
54,4
96,5
A
10
Feb ruary
4
2
07 46 50,0
$0,43
90$7
6
S,4�
1
S
08 OB S2,S
50127
91,07
6
11
1
08 2S 38,7
5043
91,07
6
9
S
17 09 11,8
30,42
91,07
6
9
S
6
17 S3 22,8
46,73
91,67
6
11
11
3
12 S3 30:n
51,78
98,30
6
10
3
4
11 33 56,0
30,40
91,03
6
10
S
22 09 20,5
50,33
91,03
6
9
1
6
OS 59 19A
49,88
89,78
6
10
11
9
18 39 31,3
50,38
91,10
6
9
S
10
13 SS 23,0
47,33
89.80
6
9.
11
22 26 42.3
52,07
88,63
6
9
19
12
Ol 36 S6
47,9
80,9
A
.9
14
18 +S 14.1
50,38
91,12
6
10
S
14
OS 00 44,0
50,30
91,30
6
9
1
18
06 06 14,2
50,25
91,27
6
9
1
13 SB 52
47,1
83,1
A
10
14
20
00 18 41,0
50.43
91,00
a
9
S
02 49 27
52.2
95,2
A
9
3
7
21
02 19 43,8
30,47
91,03
6
11
S
22
10 4S 36,0
50,38
91,0S
6
9
1-3
23
12 31 33,0
SO,3S
91,02
a
9
1
27
Ol 58 13
46,9
91A
A
9
11 ,
28
07 46 27,4
SObI
87,30
6
9
1
255
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1 1 1 1. 3 1 4 1 S 1 6 1 7 1 6
March
2
07 01 30,0
$0,38
91,00
6
9
1
3
23 SO 49b
49,33
95,17
d
9
9
6
20 10 26
49,8
98A
A
9
7
7
10 03 34,0
49,92
98,33
a
9
1
12
20 00 124
50,13
91 ,35
0 '
9
10
14
02 02 35,2
5144
9844
d
9
3
03 20 20,0
$100
98,28
6
10
3
1S
OS S3 17,6
51,7S
98,40
6
10
3
16
22 SO 18,0
5140
99,70
6
9
2
18
23 15 29
$1,2
9113
A
9
3
19
13 27 17
5301
9610
A
10
3
21
16 19 $14
33,dS
,10,83
6
10
22
93 03 25
46,0
930
6
9
11
26
01 30 35,0
4948
970
6
10
8
27
00 20 07
52,2
954
A
9
3
8
18
07 39 30,00
46,87
91,45
8
12
11
31 37 12,8
46,70
91,67
E
9
11
29
00 14 S2
.
50,4
9110
A
9
S
9
31 '
10 OS 31
47,0
91,3
A
13
11
April
1
07 16 02
46,3
91,4
A
9
11
07 16 45.5
47,05
91,AS
6
9
ll
2
09 42 1S
47,2
91,5
A
9
9
11
S
3
11 29 384
OS S 1 31,4
SOAB
49,38
91,02
99,12
6
6
10
8
'
4
OS 19 58,0
50,42
91,02
6
9
1-S
10
01 23 38,0
50,20
89;67
a
9
10
1
3
12
13
17 27 58,0
13 20 27,0
51,88
47,22
98103
91,38
d
6
10
ll
18
1S 47 57,0
$1,22
93,00
6
10
13
6
13
10
23
OS 12 29
46,1
82.4
A
9
11
24�
17 09 47
21 51 13.S
46,S
51,73
91,7
98,82
A
6
10
3
28
11 07 41
49,6
98,4
A
9
9
7
4
29
30
04 20 43
11 42 28,9
54,6
52,23
969
98,56
A
6
10
3
May
2
06 35 33.4
46,85
9147
6
9
11
1
3
16 06 34,0
SO,iS
91,25
6
10
9
13
11
13 31 43,0
49,10
86,32
6
S
II
13
04 20 37.5
50,70
91,58 ,
6
11
.
3
15
03 20 45
SI1B
98,42
A
9
3
16
16 58 40,0
51,80
98,37
6
9
10
9
17
21 31 36,5
49,48
94,75
6
3
19
19 07 24b
51,32
9944
6
9
S
27
03 18 38,6
50,38
91,10
6
9
30'
19 04 12,0
4842
88.48
6
9
ll
3
31
14 43 43.7
Sl,12
98,38
6
9
June
2
17 46 23.2
47.67
84,48
6
10
14
3
10
06 04 $4,0
32,23
98,50
6
6
11
9
10
21 31 11 -1
49,58
91.73
9
3
26
18 06 40.8
51,23
98.17
6
3
28
14 OS 13
51,2
97b
A
9
3
13
18 23 12.0
51,10
9732
6
11
256
~
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1 I 2 I 3 I d I s 1 1 6 I 7 I e
,Iuly
6
03 09 0710
49,23
903
D
g
8
19 22 081
51,23
47,93
d
9
3
8
21 48 18,0
490
96,39
E
Q
''B
10
19 OB 0210
49,23
98,71
6
6
9.
9'
8
s
18
04 17 44,2
50,80
91,41
6
9
3
23
19 36 41,0
51,99
97,00
AugusC
9
10 42 41 b
501
99,01
6
9
23
10
12 S7 48,2
$2,13
88,67
6
9
19
13
04 15 11,0
49,62
98,37
6
l0
7
10
09 43 55,0
$1,90
88,58
6
9
19
14 .
11
18 42 35,0
49,63
97,38
6
11
7
26
01 3419,8
49,90
89,75
4
9
1
27 '
19 35 21,0
52,00
98,90
d
9
3
Sepeember
2
07 07 17,0
52,10
98,63.
6
9
3
08 SS 12,7
49,82
9SlOS
6
9
9
4
06 47 44,4
51.72
98,57
6
9
3
S
16 40 40.0
46,78
91,53,
6
9
1
6
iS OS Ot
47,1
91,3
A
9
il
11
00 $9 43,5
49,87
89.22
a
'9
t
16
04 2S 22,0
51,77
98,51
a
9
3
110132,7
32,61
99,06
a
9
4
24
08 $6 41
. 48,8
84,9
A
9
13
1S
2S
14 19 29,0
49,57
98;35
6
12
7
29
02 SO 17,8
46,27
�9043
6
9
11
October
1
OS 10 49,0
50,77
97,83
6
10
3-7
1
00 30 +9,0
S3,3S
97,70
a
9
4
9
64 3 S 34,4
51,20
98,07
6
9
3
'
13
22 06 12,0
49,85
89,33
6
9
1
18
02 Ol 45,8
50,62
96,57
6
9
7
19
19 SO 42,0
S 1,63
87,65
6
9
1
2S
03 S6 32,1
49,37
90,92
6
9
10-11
� 20 46 46,2
48,90
9$,48
6
10
9
29
09 29 47,5
50,93
99,50
6
10
3
16
13 29 42,6
49,95
87,25
6
11
1
30
04 44 02,2
53,00
81.67
6
9
16
31
19 30 32,0
49,51
97,15
6
10
S
November
3
01 35 40
46,2 '
90,4
A
9
11
7
19 04 19,6
49,68
93.10
6
9
9
B
04 01 SS
32,3
99.7
A
9
4
'
11
01 47 *7,5
49,17
97.58
a
10
S ,
iS
001315,3
51,75
97A5
6
9
3
07 24 20
S 1.8
9S.6
A
9
3 .
09 10 24,5
49,62,
909
6
10
7 .
12 11 14,5
50,42
91,12
6
9
S,
18
10 04 07,5
50,93
89,97
. 6
9
.2
17
18 36 22
47,3
92,5
A
ii
11 ,
20
19 00 44,5
S 1X
92.47
6
9
6
* MaRnitude,
determined accord
ing to body waves,
recorded by
SKM instruments.
257
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100080035-4

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100084435-4
FOR dFFICIAL USE ONLY
18
1 I 2
23
24
26
28
3
7
19
26
30
a
~ 4 ~
s ~
6 ~
7 ~
e
November
16 47 57,1
S1,3S
88,73
$1
9
1
04 48 00
474
83.1
B
9
LS
03 07 51,9
49,22
95.17
E
9
9
06 44 49
53,6
81,3
A
9
16
21 Od 21,8
49,73
89,50
a
9
1
21 S1 50,7
49,SS
94,72
6
9
9
Uecember
14 03 17,0
50,68
91,63
6
13
S
09 1S 41,7
50,77
91,6d
6
9
2
19 07 57,4
51,08
97,93
6
9
3
20 31 $0,0
49,5S
97,SS
6
9
s
23 34 40,4
47,10
95I60
6
9
2S
18 18 49,7
50163
88,82
6
9
1
07 34 45,0
50,00
91,80
a
9
10
14 03 09,0
S1,1S
97,98
6
9
3
Reginnal Catalog of Earthquakea in the Baykal Region
S. I. Colenetskiy, chief compiler
K. I. Bukina, L. V. Anisimiova, L. I. Belova, N. I. Belova, L. P. Vinogradov,
N. I. DorogokupeCS, G. F. Drennova, L. N. Masal'skaya, G. I. Perevalova,
Ye. V. Fomina, compilerg
Key:
1. Number, in order
2. Number
3. Momen t of occurrence, hrs, mins, secs.
4. Coordinates of epicenter: 0
5. Coordinates of epicenter A�E
6. Class of accuracy
7. M
8. K
9. Number of region
10. Macroseismic data
~ m0MlMT 9nJ�
KoopaHNatt
2RNt1lNTpa
~~CC
M
MEXpOCdCM1�
N` n/n
4NtJ1U
HNKMOOlNNA ~
Y M t
Q
~ N
o
A E
7OF
MOCTfI
M
K
pola
11e
MCIt1M ASll�
NW
1
t
3
4
S
6
?
8
9
10
January
1 03
40
37,2
51,70
103.SS
6
9
3
04
14
31.1
31,71
103.51
a
9
S
2 OS
02
42,4
53,93
117,37
6
R 10
21
17
28
45,0
51,67
98,43
6
9
2
19
00
17,1
S6,2S
114.92
6
9
13
258
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100080035-4

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100084435-4
Fntt nFr'IC7AL USC ONLY
1 1 3 4 5 6 7 B SI 10
Januery
3
01
44
03,5
SS,18
111,36
d
10
14
4
02
18
56,5
51,81
98,50
6
11
2
21
29
50,9
49,16
110,70
A
9
11
S
01
10
13,8
56,30
117,83
d
9
10
09
48
41,5
56,18
113,83
E
9
15
6
20
45
24,3
53.77
119,58
d
10
21
11
09
45
37,5
56,56
121,12
6
10
20
13
18
02
51,0
S 1,95
98,42
6
9
2
14
03
33
36,8
48,44
102,97
A
9
7
, 19
11
10
40,6
$6,49
117,15
6
9
20
20
OB
28
43,3
55,12
110,31
a
10
14
22
07
39
41,4
56,58
121,01
6
9
20
24
Od
44
07,6
51,89
98,68
d
11
2
04
SS
59,3
51,78
98,39
d
10
2
25
23
20
50,3
56,38
117,98
a
10
20
26
23
56
16,5
51,84
98,59
6
9
2
27
04
16
00,0
54,43
96,53
A
10
1
09
34
38,4
56,41
117,68
a
lA
20
Febr
uary
1
13
36
36,5
49,62
107,00
A
S
7
2
02
4S
00,9
53,13
107,78
6
9
8
07
11
39,0
47,84
102,81
A
10
7
3
12
45
34,3
56,16
113,99
6 .
9
1S
12
53
30,0
51,78
98150
6
10
2
4
01
19
56,5
53;44
108,46
6
9
8
,
12
51
56,4
53,56
111,29
6
9
17
S
00
54
03,6
55,40
111,23
6
10
14
OS
21
05,7
55,38
111,39
6
9
14
'
1S
33
06,2
55,40
1,11,31
6
9
14
21
26
32,0
54,67
110,38
6
9
14
6
iS
30
53,9
56,48
117,21
a
9
20
17
10
40,6
54,89
112,67
6
9
16
1
21
26
38,7
56,41
117,89
6 4,7
13
20
22
40
59,2
56,40
117,94
a
9
20
7
03
14
48,8
56,39
117,99
6 '
9
20
8
12
OS
46,0
56,31
116,10
6
9
19
9
12
43
08,6
55,31
110,03
6
9
14
10
20
09
44,4
56,27
116,17
a
9
19
11
12
22
57,1
52,98
107,35
6
9
8
12
06
18
38,8
$4,87
112,64
a
10
16
15
01
46
58,0
47,89
103,17
A
9
7
06
15
16,9
54,79
111,11
6
9
14
13
15
38,4
54,73
110,97
6
10
14
16
09
04
16,6
51,73
98,52
6
9
2
17
06
33
31,4
56,29
116,17
6
9
19
08
28
50,9
56,70
117,42
a
9
20
14
50
39,0
56,32
116,21
a
9
19
20
16
30
19,9
55,10
110,16
6
9
14
19
09
30,6
52.18
106,44
6
9
8
21
09
58
57,1
48,01
102,93
A
9
7
10
14
46,7
47,91
102,78
A
9
7
12
06
40
26,9
52,40
106,42
6
10
8
23
12
07
46,8
52,80
107,18
6
10
8
24
13
28
28,3
52,79
107,33
6
9
8
13
02
54
57,4
56,00
121,00
A
10
20
11
53
24,2
52,85
107,29
6
9
8
259
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
4ape 3 6anna
Tyrgan--felt
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100080035-4

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100084435-4
FOtt UFFICIAI, USE ONLY
1 I s I 3 I e 1 s 1 e 1 1 1 e 1 9 1 io
Mareh
2
09
06
21,6
53,22
108,08
6
3
OS
33
30,2
$5.11
110,23
6
S
10
39
24,9
50,53
111,93
A
6
10
10
26,5
49,79
98,25
A
7
10
03
54,0
49,92
98,33
0
8
10
SI
43,9
SS,09
I11,53
6
9
11
40
40,2
SS,Id
109,48
4
10
ll
06
33,4
57,82
120,80
A
11
01
20
18,6
$1,97
105,46
a
06
47
20,0
$4,34
117,34
6
10
35
27,2
S6,54
113,93
0
13
09
23,8
51,49
10043
0
14
02
02
31,7
51,78
98,37
6
03
20
20,0
S1,83
99158
6
IS
OS
SJ
17,6
S1,7S
98,40
6
07
49
19,2
53,77
108,02
8
12
13
21,9
SS,27
111,24
6
16
03
32
59,3
$1,96
100,07
6
13
29
34,0
SS,38
111,31
a
22
11
52,7
52,67
101,16
�
23
00
53,1
53,00
111,49
6
18
23
15
29,0
52,22
98,32
6
20
20
41
48,0
56,36
118,00
�
21
02
19
00,9
48,30
103,19
A
12
28
57,1
SS,40
111,19
a
26
04
30
33.0
49,58
97.23
6
27
18
46
49,9
S4,3S
111,42
6
28
07
03
12,4
$3,26
107,99
6
29
23
11
45,0
$3,23
107,87
a
31
00
08
$0.8
35,05
121,76
A
04
46
32,9
SS,42
111,34
6
Ap
ril
1
il
20
15,2
53,07
110,24
i
2
21
SB
57,6
57,77
115,39
6
23
02
31,6
33,01
107,57
6
3
OS
51
31,4
49,38
99,72
E
S
02
52
49,6
51,65
100,79
a
14
S1
$1.1
48,85
100,84
A
6
15
16
31,3
56.37
114,12
a
9
21
10
49.5
50,85
121,49
0
10
13
14
50,2
56,13
113,52
E
18
04
Sl,l
$6,11
113,48
0
11
11
56
05.7
56,14
113,52
E
12
17
27
58,0
51,88
98.05
!
19
23
35,2
$6.17
113,59
!
13
OS
SO
06,7
51.76
104,84
!
10
45
26,0
48,00
102,37
/
23
13
42,0
36,13
113,50
!
15
OS
S6
07.1
55.74
113.89
i
17
02
41
03,2
56,10
113,53
!
02
SI
36,2
56.11
113,58
!
24
16
34
19,9
56,22
116,74
!
21
51
13,5
51,73
98,82
1
29
11
07
41,0
49,65
98,43
j
19
33
14,5
56.13
113,52
1
29
04
20
43,0
S4,S7
96,93
i
21
30
03,0
SS,10
121,77
~
30
Ol
22
56,1
56.06
113,60
I
11
42
28.9
52,23
98,56
1
260
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
9
10
LO
9
9
10
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
9
0
9
10
9
11
9
9
9
10
10
9
10
9
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
9
9
10
9
9
9
10
9
9
9
10
9
9
9
11
10
9
9
9
9
9
10
14
1:
8
2
2
2
IS

!S
IS
iS
2
15
S
7
1S
15
fS
15
19
2
2
1S
1
21
15
2
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100080035-4

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100084435-4
FOK OFFICIAT., USE ONLY
_ --t---
~i 2

:
3
a
10
12
13
tS
16
11
ia
19
20
21
22
23
29
31
1
3
6
10
12
13
18
19
20
21
rtAy,
ns
oo
07,3
55,08
t io,ia
a
11
IU
40,7
56,61
120,99
6
:I
f1A
41,4
$6,10
113,64
6
Ib
49
d?,d
S0,31
101,97
6
Ia
06
45,2
54,7S
111,16 ,
6
t+t
35
43,0
48,05
102,58
A
22
41
21,3
53,46
108,92
6
03
20
44,9
S 1,78
98,42
A
16
Sa
40,0
S I,gO
98,37
6
Ot
09
1011
SS,IS
110,08
6
19
23
37,6
50,27
103,42 .
6
22
22
05,4
56,47
114,61
6
00
da
32,5
S3,63
108,56
A
19
07
24,6
$1,32
99,34
6
08
32
50,2
54,98
111,44
6
09
S1
4S,7
50,97
114,80
6
12
23
41,9
SS,14
110,20
a
14
28
54,4
S6,64
111,82
6
OL
37
27,6
55,14
110,24
6
13
09
ll,l
S5,17
110,16
A
23
06
46,6
48,47
103,10
A
06
19
46,5
SS.14
,
110,21
A
13
38
25,1
55,09
110,13
6
14
17
07,3
56,18
113,50
A
06
33
28,5
SS,10
110,17
a
03
41
48,3
47,95
102,77
A
14
43
43,7
51,12
98,38
6
19
41
04,0
SS,tI
110,23
6
Od
21
56,6
SS,09
110,17
a
07
OS
09,8
SS,10
110,15
6
22
21
01,8
SS,11
110,21
6
04
41
41,3
55,13
110,22
a
06
04
54,0
52,23
98,50
6
07
18
59,3
S2,14
10S,88
6
1S
11
28,2
SS,63
110,84
6
07
48
11,7
55,09
110,21
0
00
00
12,5
49,14
104,62
A
10
53
50,6
54,89
111,32
a
21
27
56,8
51,40
100,65
6
00
26
14,1
$5,12
110,23
a
00
54
02,3
55.13
110,23
a
00
S6
18,0
55,14
110,22
a
01
32
36,1
49,01
102,96
A
03
54
26,7
55,14
110,22
a
06
23
20,0
SS,lS
110,25
a
07
OS
35,0
55,17
110,23
a
07
SS
01,8
55,13
110,19
a
10
43
37,9
SS,13
110,22
a
12
40
47,0
55.12
110,16
6
13
S6
16,2
55.14
I10,21
a
10
22
10,4
SS,10
110,17
6
10
23
43,3
55,09
110,20
a
10
26
34,6
SS,11
110,13
6
11
03
22,5
55,09
110,14
6
-11
16
$2,3
55,17
110,24
6
11
24
00,2
55.10
110,16
6
12
10
16,0
SS,14
110,19
6
13
Ol
OS.4
SS.13
110,24
6
IS
23
47.7
55,14
110,21
6
1S
45
04,9
SS,I4
110,23
a
18
28
03,6
55.10
110,16
a
261
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
9
9
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9
19
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9
10
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20 IS
,
14
7
8
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2
14
6
10
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APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100080035-4

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100084435-4
ron oFFtciAL usE oNLY
1 I z I 3 I 4 1 s I 6 1 7 1 a 1 9 1 10
22
OS
34
34,6
35.10 Ma I yIO,lO
a
9
14
06
00
37,3
SS,19
110,08
6
10
14
09
12
32,2
SS,11
110,16
6
9
14
23
21
35,3
SS,13
110,23
a
10
14
23
22
21,7
s5,11
110,22
a
11
14
June
2;
00
37
53,1
SS,27
110,00
6
g
14
18
19
16,0
SS,09
110,09
6
9
14
19
S1
19,7
SS135
111,17
6
11
14
24
10
34
25,8
SS,12
110,16
6
9
14
1S
03
23,8
S6,0S
113,57
A
9
1S
22
il
54,4
SS,10
110,16
6
10
14
2S
04
01
22,3
$3,14
110,13
6
10
11
04
S6
49,8
56,30
113.49
6
9
1S
19
39
35,4
S2,89
107,20
6
9
8
26
14
08
48,9
SS,10
110,09
6
9
14
18
06
40,8
S 1,23
98,17
6
9
2
19
IB
49~7
54,11
111,36
a
9
14
20
38
22~3
SS,13
110.17
6
9
14
28
02
08
57,1
53,43
109,87
6
11
14
02
13
08,9
SS,10
110,16
6
10
14
14
OS
13,0
51,11
97,57
A
9
1
18
23
12,0
51,10
-97,92
6
11
2
29
07
42
40,7
53,75
113,00
6
9
15
30
04
30
12,0
56,67
111,29
ik
10
20
12
03
19,2
SS,1S
111.04
6
9
14
July
2
09
38
47,6
56,64
117,84
~
10
20
3
06
34
06,8
55,12
110,18
6
10 .
14
06
46
54.9
SS,12
110,14
6
9
14
06
48
57.9
SS,12
110.17
a
9
14
4
03
22
20,9
52,46
106,93
6
9
8
09
40
33,6
SS,12
110,22
6
9
14
09
47
42.0
SS,09
110,16
6
9
14
10
39
32,8
SS,10
110,22
6
9
14
6
03
09
07,0
49,23
98,53
6
9
2
19
22
08,3
S 1,23
97,93
6
� 9
2
g
12
53
01.7
55,83
112,94
A
9
15
21
48
18,0
49,63
96,38
6
9
2
10
19
08
02,0
49,23
98,72
6
9
2
13
OS
04
15,4
SS,12
110,21
6
9
14
19
04
2S
SS.1
56,22
117,26
6
10
20
20
14
04
42,7
34,91
111,27
6
9
14
21
17
1S
14.1
53,39
107.56
6
9
6
18
43
34,0
49,09
102,80
6
11
7
23
19
36
41,0
51,93
97,00
6
9
2
24
09
14
54,8
SS,02
112,58
a
9
16
2S
19
41
03,8
3S,91
113,07
6
10
1S
26
14
57
33,8
51,71
101,28
6
10
4 Mondy--felt
27
09
27
57,8
52,13
105,64
6
9
S
29
02
23
00.6
.96,08
113,84
6
9
iS
August
1
03
S7
32,8
53,02
108,72
6 .
9
6
4
17
14
12,0
54,14
121,54
6
10
21
6
09
29
15.9
53,79
109,00
6
9
8
11
10
09,0
S3,9S
121.43
A
9
21
262
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100080035-4

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100084435-4
roR oFFIcInL usE oNLY
1-I 2
~
3
I
4 I
S I
6 I 7 I
8
9

I 10
r
Augugt
f
y
10
42
41,6
50,72
99,02
6
9
2
12
03
34
06,3
SS,41
113,48
6
9
16
13
04
25
11,0
49,62
98,37
d
10
1
13
00
59
59,8
50,76
113.81
6
14
18
16
12
46
49,4
S6,S0
118,47
~
10
20
18
09
14
35,8
54,04
121,61
A
9
21
10
1S
00,0
53,99
12146
6
10
, 21
12
07
32,8
S 3,00
108,00
6
9
8
Z 21
18
42
35,0
49,63
97,38
6
12
' 3
. 45
04
32
06,7
52,22
106,36
6 ,
10
8
Tyrgan--up to
3 points, rumble
27
19
35
22,0
52,00
98,70
6
9
Z
heard
28
23
St
50.4
56.15
113,66
E
10
1S
September
2
07
07
15,0
52,10
98,63
6
9
2
4
06
47
44,4
$1,72
98,57
6
9
2
S
04
13
25,6
55,69
111,27
6
11
13
8
07
24
07,5
52,18
106,41
6
9
8
9
00
48
58,4
48,96
103,72
6
10
9
10
01
11
14,3
54,43
109,94
6
9
14
12
06
14
34,6
47,96
102,87
A
9
7
3
22
02
14,9
49,07
103,41
6
4,5+
12
7 Zakamenak--up to
4 points
16
64
25
22,0
51,77
98,51
6
9
2
10
04
51,8
56,21
112,82
~
9
13
11
01
32,7
52,61
99,06
a
9
1
4
24
17
40
14,4
53,85
109,13
6
4,70
12
8
2S
02
SS
44,6
48,15
103,18
A
9
7
S
14
29
29,0
49,57
98,35
6
12
2
22
44
56,0
53,64
111,61
6

9
17
27
20
34
01,6
53,86
108,30
6
9
8
28
OS
46
01,2
56,07
113,64
4
10
15
07
16
58,0
47,96
102,78
A
10
7
29
01
12
30,7
55,23
112,51
a
10
16
October
1
OS
10
49,0
50,77
97,83
6
10
2
3
OS
35
36,1
54,68
109,93
6
9
14 -
iS
19
13,6
56,22
115,15
6
9
19
6
4
16
39
58,0
53,84
109,12
6
4,60
12
8
20
42
38,3
53,OS
108,00
6
9
8
S
17
S4
01,S
56,04
113,65
6
9
15
7
00
30
49,0
53,33
97,70
6
9
2
9
04
3S
34,4
51,20
98,07
6
9
2
18
OS
47,8
56,23
117,58
6
9
20
13
02
25
51,7
54,73
111,59
6
10
ti
' 14
18
01
22
32,3
53,92
117,35
6
9
21
02
01
45,8
50,62
96,57
6
9.
2
7
27
16
18
40,5
47,63
102,90
A�
13
7
22
27
S 1,2
47,77
102,84
A
11
7 '
29
00
49
06,0
56,26
113,25
6
9
15
06
21
37,7
57,57
120,89
A
9
20
09
29
47,5
50,93
98,50
6
10
2
31
19
30
32,0
49,51
97,15
6
10
2
* MaRnitude according to body waves--according to SKM instruments
263
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100080035-4

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100084435-4
Fox uFFiciAL usE om,Y
.
1 1 3 ~4 s e 7 a T o-~lo
Novemher
~ 2
00
14
$3.4
53,80
141,15
A
9
Zl
4
14
14
12,5
57,68
111,09
A
9,
10
1S
43
22,9
$4,99
i11,S9
6
9
1+
' S
13
48
27,6
36,88
121,10
a
10
20
8
04
07
56,3
52,22
100,14
a
9
1
B 9
17
33
43,1
SS,34
111,17
6
12
14
'9
17
44
42,7
47,72
103,00
A
13
7
10
22
43
13,8
56,40
117,94
6
9
ZO
11
01
47
494
49,17
97,58
6
10
10
'
23
26
07,9
SS,41
111,10
a'
10
14
13
12
SS
0S,1
48,19
112,95
A
11
11
11
OS
15
46,9
48,16
112,96
A
10
11
15
00
13
25,3
S1,7S
97,45
6
9
2
08
10
29,5
49,62
98,33
6
10
3
16
09
1S
OS.2
56,08
114,61
a
9
13
22
20
59
47,8
53,14
107,75
6
9
t
2S
09
11
22.0
53,36
107,75
d
9
A
17
14
09
52,9
S3,91
109.23
6
9
d
30
03
33
04,8
SS,37
111,0e
6
10
14
M
00
45,7
55,36
111,16
6
9
14
19
4S
48,6
SS,36
111.31
a
9
14
Decemb
er
1
00
13
46,4
56,74
121,21
6
9
30
08
11
36,6
54,71
109,17
8
9
9
19
29
08,6
50,66
112,44
6
10
It
3
20
S3
+5,4
54.14
120.91
6
10
11
S
09
17
59,5
54,24
111,23
�
10
14
7
19
07
37,4
51,08
97,93
6
9
.2
20
31
S0,0
49,SS
9T1SS
6
9
2
8
12
22
31,8
56,25
117.89
~a .
9
20
10
19
02
51,1
$6,20
116,58
a
9
19
17
22
41
43,9
49,76
101,07
6
9
Z
19
02
36
22,7
36,08
113,81
a
9
1S
20
01
28
35,6
51,86
10S.23
6
10
3
07
37
40,0
53,93
121,99
6
9
21
21
16
09
17,1
SS,33
113,14
a
9
16
22
01
14
47,6
57,35
121,21
a
9
20
01.
28
41,4
51,20
100,31
a
11
2
Mondy, 2-3
oints,
~Lakamensk--
felt
24
03
440 18,1
51,35
103,51
6
9
6
25
13
03
24,0
SS,37
111,32
6
9
14
30
03
04
29,8
53,82
108,86
6
10
8
14
03
09,9
5L15
97.98
6
9
2
264
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100080035-4

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100084435-4
Fn[i nFFtCIAL U5E ONLY
[teuinnal Carnlng df CnrGliquekes in Yakueiya and Norelienatern SSR
B. M. Koz'min, T. A. Andr.cyev, Chinf compiLars
A. A. Ypme1'ynnova, N. M. Uareahkina, eompi.lers
Key:
1. No, in nrder
2. Number
3. Moment of occurrence, hrs, mins, aecs
4. Cdordinateg o� epiceneer: Y�N
5. Coordinates o� epicenrer: A�E
6. Depeh of focus, km
7. Class o� accuracy
8. K
9. Number of region
M n/n
qMCAO
MOMeNT 103�
MNltNOBlHHR,
I M C
KoopANHA�t ZrtIweNrtpA
o p
~Q N A E
TnyONxI
Oun,
KM
lCnecc
ZOM.
MOCEN
X
IP PIAOMI
~
a
a
4
s
d
7
e
9
January
1
09
01
52,3
56,95
123,54
6
8
2'
2
12
31
32
37,2
126,3
A
9
2
3
09
S6
37
61,0
136,1
A
8
6
S
02
23
SS.9
56,60
121.08
�
8
1
18
19
16
57.8
121,0
A
8
1
11
09
45
37,5
36,56
121,12
6
10
1
14
03
S2
29
66,8
129,0
A
8
7
11
25
24
56,1
124,5
A
S
2
18
10
11
S4
59,7
141,3
A
9
S
22
17
09
58,6
132,9
A
9
4
19
16
21
31
61,7
163,5
S
10
S
20
21
38
41,8
62,99
146,27
6
8
9
22
07
39
41,4
56,58
121,01
6
9
1
ZS
16
54
03,0
S7,35
123,88
6
8
2
26
16
28
52
64,2
. 146,6
A
8
9
28
13
23
48
61,3
153,9
A
9
S
29
10
14
48,4
57,32
122,16
6
8
1
19
33
17,9
57,09
126,00
6
8
2
February
7
15
13
32
60,7
150,7
S
g
s
17
53
S2
64,2
IS2,5
A
8
9
9
00
12
42
56,1
123.1
A
8
2
1 11
11
11
38
66,7
119,2
A
11
7
Mu 4,7�
17
27
16
72,9
143,0
A
9
10
12
03
07
42
60,0
161,3
S
10
S
13
S2
39
56,4
132,5
A
8
2
14
02
02
19
65,5
137,1
A
8
8
14
06
34
64,2
146,0
A
9
9
15
06
36
34
64,0
133,9
A
8
7
18
49
06
5811
133,7
A
9
4
265
FOR OFFICIAL U5E ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100080035-4

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100084435-4
,
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
1 I 1 I 3 I 4 I s 1 6 1 7 I " I 9
February
17
03
S8
28,9
S6,41
123,58
6
8
2
08
40
46
56,4
117,4 ,
A
8
2
17
16
02
60,5
150.9
A
8
S
18
07
13
16
56,3
133,4
A
8
2
19
06
S2
37
56,2
133,6
A
8
Z
17
11
12
62A
143,6
A
9
8
10
20
47
37
63.5
145,0
A
9
9
22
01
34 �
34,8
61,27
148,68
a
8
S
12
06
OS
60,1
151,2
A
8
S
23
06
01
29
71,0
134,0
A
9
7
09
+1
36
63,5
145,6
A
9
9
21
18
09
62,0
157.1
A
8
S
2S
01
$4
$7
36,0
121,0
A
10
1
27
01
28
S7
62,0
1+6,4
A
8
9
2
02
09
13
67,0
12990
A
11
7
03
31
4S
63.6
154,3
A
9
10
28
OS
48
34
63,6
150.4
A
9
9
12
04
18
70,4
133,5
A
9
7
14
48
OS
60,2
153,2
A
9
S
Ma
rch
2
22
01
31
73,5
121,8
S
9
11
3
12
57
32
57.0
128,6
A
.8
3
19
31
13
67.4
139,6
A
.9
9
S
21
49
27
63,2
151.0
A
1
9
23
47
11
67,0
13010
A
9
7
6
12
03
09
57,3
�133.0
-A
e
,
8
04
04
31
59,4
132,8
A
t
S
08
3S
49
61,9
147,4
A
8
9
10
02
09,
28
64.0
148,0
A
8
9
11
06
3S
57,8
120,8 .
A
9
1
13
00
31
01
57.6
120,7
A
tl
1
14
04
12
32
62.2
141,2
A
9
7
16
31
29
61.2
137,0
A
9
6
1S
07
36
42,3
S6,2S
122,97
6
10
1
OB
58
13
$7.0
131,9
A
4
4
1S
48
27
62,4
143.1
A
� 9
9
21
12
53,9
57,89
122,29
6
8
2
3 16
08
16
SS
64.4
146,0
A
11
9
09
02
36
61.8
146,8
A
8
9
13
4S
S1
65,5
136,4
A
9
8
19
53
20
64,3
145,4
A
9
9
17
06
32
1+
62.2
IS2,0
A
8
S
12
14
14
63,6 �
146,6
A
10
9
18
03
04
24
60,0
133,0
A �
8
S
19
00
S1
19
65,0
142,6
A
8
9
20
04
36
11
61,9
144,2
A
9
S
06
42
SS
62.1
154,0
A,
8
S
16
02
11
57.4
120,6
A
8
1
21
14
24
35
71,2
135,3
A
R
10
25
17
58
SI
62,3
152,0
A
9
S
27
10
13
41,4
56,64
121,17 14
6
8
1
28
OB
20
36
57,3
125,8
A
9
2
18
S1
24
57.0
126,2
A
8
2
21
03
56
57,0
126,2
A
8
2
29
00
45
OS
61,3
148,2
A
8
S
30
13
33
Ol
74,3
137,5
S
10
11
31
16
59
27
$7,0
128,6
A
8
3
266
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100080035-4

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100084435-4
FOit OFFICfAL U5E ONLY
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APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100080035-4

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100084435-4
FOit OFF'ICIAL USE ONLY
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APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100080035-4

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100084435-4
FOR OFFICIAL U8E ONLY

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APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100080035-4

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100084435-4
FOit OFFICIAL USE ONLY
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APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100084435-4
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
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Regional CaCalog o� Earthquakes in Amur Region and Primor'ye [Coastal Region]
L. S. Oakorbin, chief compiler
T. V. Nagornykh, V. S. Vorob'yev, L. F. Volkova, I. D. Lazarenko, compilers
Key:
1. Number
2. Moment of occurence, hrs, mins, seca
3. Coordinatea of epicenter: 50�N
4. Coordinates of epicenCer: A�E
5. Depth of focus, km
6. Class of accuracy
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APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100080035-4

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100084435-4
FOlt OFFICIAL USE ONLY
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9
26
09 SO 00
54,1
127,5
S
9
28
08 40 12
54,0
124,2
AIxn.
a
March
S
07 57 35
54,3
124,0
30
A
8
OS 49 37
51,5
126,1
30
Mlwt.
9
7
11 1S 1S
52,3
130,0
30
HIKn,
g
9
10
06 23 41
07 SO 27
54,3
SS,O
124,0
131,9
30
6
Mlxn.
8
8
10
11
21 12 38
OS 57 49
SS,1
54,8
130,7
126,7
30
10
A
A
9
8,S
12
03 19 S 1
34,0
123,8
IO
S
S,S
12
04 S2 21
54,9
131,0
30
eIwt,
8
09 48 37
50,7
129.3
30
xlutu
8
14
10 08 48
54,2
124,2
30
S
8
17 40 29
55.9
128,5
IQ
x/xa. '
9
18
03 48 19
53,5
122,5
30
A
9
19
IS 34 S8
SS,S
131.3
S
A
91S
16 06 22
$4,1
132,3
30
A
8
21
OB 08 23
53,1
126.5
30
A
8
22
20 13 56
S4,1
126,1
10
A
81S
2S '
08 00 21
53,9
124,2
30
6
8
27
06 SS 48
52,6
131,4
, 30
S
10
28
03 36 SS
54,6
124.2
30
6
8
08 11 49
54,6
123,9
30
A
8,S
29
07 10 21 �
52,0
128,3
10
S
8
08 20 OB
54,2
124,0
10
A
8
31
07 35 19
52,6
126,2
30
n/xn.
8
April
4
04 14 12
SS,2
130,9
10
S
8
6
03 45 39
SS,1
123,9
10
S
8
8
20 02 10
56,1
129,5
10
S
4
Il
12 36 42
57,2
135,1
10
H/wt.
9
18
21 12 47
54,1
127,7
10
A
8
21
10 52 59
51,3
125,8
10
S
8
24
11 34 33
SS,1
124,2
10
A
8'5
2 72
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
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roR orriczAL usE orrLY
1 1 1 ~ 3 1 4 1 . s 1 6 1 7
17
18
20
22
23
25
27
1
3
8
10
13
14
25
29
3
S
13
21
31
9
7
14
15
21
25
26
27
2
7
13
14
24
29
May
00 44 12
51,3
138,6
30
6
9
07 4S 02
53,9
124,3
10
NlXn.
B
17 28 39
54,8
110,9
10
H/wt.
8
13 30 19
53,1
12010
30
A
8
22 S7 59
55,4
130,7
10
6
9
12 OS 41
54,9
130,4
30
elKn,
8
19 44 50
55,7
130,0
10
5
8
23 31 27
54,0
124,2 �
30
NJwt,
8
1S 37 24
54,9
131,5
30
A
B
11 SO 40
56,7
134,0
10
6
8
June
06 24 53
54,7
123,8
33
A
8
14 24 03
54,9
130,8
10
a/Xn.
8
10 33 44
SS,7
130,8
10
A
9
11 07 35
5519
130,6
10
'6
8
11 40 43
54,3
122,5
10
A
815
04 14 20
54,1
124,2
10'
NlXrt,
8
14 53 02
55,8
130,0
10
6
8
09 52 53
$4,1
124,7
10
HJxn.
8
18 49 22
55,4
130,8
10
b
8
23 37 48
5519
130,8
10
A
8
12 24 42
S3,2
132,2
20-30
A
13,5
M  3,3
15 14 57
53,2
132,5
10
A
9
July
16 47 37
53,0
131,9
30
~tlxn.
8,S
OF 16 ll
55,9
129,9
10
S
8
07 SO 33
53,9
128,3
30
b
8,5
15 SS 49
53,3
123,1
30
S
8
10 25 48
55,6
129,9
10
A
8,S
16 19 00
56,5
135,4
30
S
11
Augus t
19 54 47
53,3
130,7
10720
S
8,S
September
23 54 24
54.1
120,5
30
6
8,S
20 31 32
57,0
132,0
10
S
9
08 OS 03
52,8
12016
10
S
B,S
09 30 25
53,6
120,9
30
S
11
10 03 1S
53,8
121,0
10
6
. 11
10 20 53
53,3
128,3
30
S
9
07 17 00
53.8
127,3
10
S
8
Ol 52 39
54,4
129,6
10
A
8
Octoher
13 22 26
54,3
122,4
30
B
8,5
20 00 19
49,8
132,6
30
S
1115
20 S6 17
54,5
122,2
30
B
10
S2 15 56
53,3
122,5
30
6
9
8
20 31 17
52,3
133,1
30
B
9
08 59 33
SS,S
122.9
30
&
273
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

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FOlt bF'FICIAI, U5L ONLY
,
ILI
1
2
3 G
S
6
7
November
1
20 29 IS
53,g 133,9
B
84
8
1
00 38 16
54,1 11111
A
g
11
21 59 44
53,3 126,1
6
8
I B
02 I l 52
S 4,S 127,6
6
8
29
tS 13 Il
33,4 123,2
6
December
2
08 03 09
55,7 122,6
30
30
xlxn�
G
8
9,S
LO
16
17 1S 36
03 35 06
53,7 125,2
5516 122,7
30
A
8
17
07 37 43
53,4 112,7
10
S
6
8
8
~B
09 SO 33
19 26 23
34,5 124,0
S210 130,1
30
30
6
4
10
07 57 46
54,8 121,9
30
6
94
B
30
09 00 S6
03 22 47
SS,4 122,7
5216 124,2
30 ,
30
6
xJwt.
8,5
04 OS l1
53,8 127,8
10
A
8
(teKional Catalog nf Earthquakes in Sakhalin
L. S. Osknrbtn, chief compiler
L. P. Volkdva, T. V. Nagornykh, compilers
Key:
1. Number
2. Moment of occurrence, hrs, mins, secs
3. Coordinatea of epicenter: r �N, k�E
4. Deptti of focus, km
5. C1aSS Of ACCllrAC}
6. ri
7. K
8. Number of region
9. Macroseismic data
January
4
03 58 48
51,4
143,5
10-20
07 44 37
S I.6
141,9
10
11
09 12 37
46,4
141,1
10-30
16
08 2e. 10
53,8
141,6
10-30
26
20 18 OS
48,5
141,6
10-30
30
1S 34 20
55,4
143,7
10-20
A10MlHT
K00(fAi1HU1I9iW�
I�nyGHMa
KJ1iCC
pN
tita1fQOCtAC�
~O3NMIfN09N
tllNTQa
OVf&,
70l010�
M
K
pGAa
N.lIVltKNa
MH~,
V M C
~0 N
E
KM
CTN
Me
Tl&MMSI*
1
2
3
4
S
6
7
6
9
274
A 9 3
A 9 3 Bw4xry .
4-S 6uunos
A 8 8
6 4.5 10 1
B 8 4 �
6 9,5 2
FOR OFFICIAL U5E ONLY
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FOtt OFFZCTAL USC (1NLY
4 S 6 7 8 9
~
Feb rudry
S
12 01 27
49,3
14115
10
G
8
B
23 22 00
53,3
143,2
10-30
0
B
2
ZS
09 19 32
52,5
143,0
10
8
8
2
March
6
03 28 39
49,3
141,4
0-10
6
915
8
8
21 53 04
49,3
141,2
10
S
8
8
Apri1
B
OS 24 49
52,8
142,9
10-30
A 4,3
1
Nc4nropcK
3-4 6um
May
9
12 03 S7
50,4
142,2
10
6
8,5
4
14
10 S2 07
53,3
143,2
10
5
' 8
� 2
21
01 09 SO
49,5
141,6
10
6
8
8
June
~
g
0245 11
$3,4
. 142,1
10
6
8
1
Auguse
12
O1 04 SO
52,1
142,8
0-10
S
g
1
5eptember
S
06 03 56
S1,8
140,0
5-10
6
8
7
9
16 OS 1S
53,7
143,1
20.-30
A
8.S
2
October
a
ts 09 so
55,0
141.4
10-20
s
9
8
i
2
10
25
17 00 14
10280S
53,2
49,6
144,7
14118
- 10-10
10-20
6
A 4,6
10
a
nn
2r
3 6e
e
November
S
2021 27
53,3
143,8
10
6
8
2
21
17 33 10
47,5
141,5
5-10
S
8
8
December
�11
11 14 26 ,
46,2
141,7
20-30
S
8
4
212138
46,6
142,3
10
S
S
4
14
0657 10
53,6
141,6
10-20
S
8
1
21
07 16 35
52,3
144,8
20-30
B
8,S
9;
28
13 24 32
52,8
143,4
30
S
8.S
2
31
11 03 35
49,5
142,2
10
S
8
4
2 75
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
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FOtt OFFICIAL USC ONLY
ltugl.onal C11l�11109 c1f Cnr.ehqutikes 3n Kuri1
L. N. E'oplnvgkaya, chief compiler
L. N. goychuk, M. I. Itudik, cqmpilers
Key:
1. Numbcr, in nrder
2. Number
3. Mnmene df occurrence, hrs, mina, secs
4. Conrdinates: �N
S. Caordinnees: �E
6, bepeh af focus, km
7. Class of accurncy
Motonr so-ancMa
lteoppnou*w
lyryftn
Itxue
Yo~oa
tN n/a
%ono ~
~almn,
I M c
e
yp N
�
~1 E
oMns
a+
~
1
Z
3
4
!
~
9
1
23
00
1
2'
OB
38
3
02
33
04
14
14
39
4
00
10
S
12
35
6
04
OS
17
02
20
13
-
7
01
46
8
00
48
14
04
19
32
9
06
08
12
20
02
18
00
19
20
20
35
21
03
28
a
00
10
S2
13
09

14
45
20
43
22
03
13
09
29
23
07
32
09
59
22
12
24
06
03
-
25
17
12
27
14
53
19
48
28
01
13
January
17
� 50,6
15e,2
40
,53
, 4710
IS1,S
'
0-3 ,
"
A
,
, 01
46,6
132.0
.
.
90
A
47
46,9
153,2
40
A
44
50A �
137,0
10-20 -
S
4S
51l0
158,1
SO
A
4S
44,3
148.7
+0
A
12
43,4
146,2
30-40
A
34
43,4
146,6
40-50
A
22
43,6
147,6
40
A
23
46,1
IS1l1
80
A
48
50,2
159,6
40
A
02
"'5
147.1
20
A
32
44,6
146,9
40
A
20
45,2
I50,2
40
A
13
43,6
146,2
80
A
34
46,0
148,2
20
A
42
45,2
150,2
40
B
34
43,5
144,6
30
22
49.7
13319
40
S
40
44,2
148.8
10
S
47
44,2
148,8
30
6
S8
44,2
148.9
30
19
43,4
147,1
30
S
02
49,7
15919
30
43
43,4
146,8
30
17
46,4
153.8
30
2S
46,8
152,8
40
S
36
48.5
154.6
30
A
' 38
44,1
147.1
30
A
49
49,4
155,7
30
B
SI
' 43,2
145,6
30
10
44.1
147,0
30
31
42,8
143.1
40
so
44,1
141,1
iso
s9
44,4
148.3
as
5
276
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
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APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100084435-4
FOR OFFICZAL USE ONLY
Key:
8. Magnirude: M
9. Magnirude:
10. Magnitude lll,y,./
11. Magnitude 12. K
13. Number of rpgion
14. Macroseismic data
MorHHf YAR
K
N'
p
MucpoceAcnwvecxMe
~
nlPV
MPfl
mSH
pa
oNs
Apawe
e
s
10
ii
ta
13
14
January
~
9
1.
6,S
6,1
5.8
3' o-e CMMywNp
. S 6Moe
9,5
3
9,S
3 �
10
1
4,4
5,0s
510
'
915
4
9,S
S
.
9,S
S
9
S
4,3
6,4
610
10
3
, S,0�
915
1
9.5
S
310
6,0 ,
5,4
S
9
4
9
S
4,3
5,7
511
10
8
9,5
3
915
6
10
1
.
.
915
4 .
+1S
5,8
5,6
11
4 �
9
4
4,4
5,1
10,5
S
9.S
1
9
S
9
3
�
9
3
915
2
'
915
S
10,5
, 2
9
5 '
'
9
S
.
9
6
6
10
4
277
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100080035-4

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100084435-4
Fnx orriczAL usE orrLY
I
Ceb runr
y
1
14
12
14
S4
43,3
4
~19
144,8
155,8
63
~0
~
2
1S
16
57
17
29
,
44,3
$0
2
147,1
157,3
1S0
30-40
~
A
20
20
23
S1
OS
38
,
4319
148,1
151
3
40
30
3
23
08
~
07
sO
00
48.2
,
157,2
30
A
5
4
21
17
27
43
0,9
151,7
13918
SO
0-10
6
s
0
6
~y
S9
~7
S6
49,7
1
43
156,4
1
146
~10
30-40
A
,
,
6
49,6
2
44
157,0
148,1
40
40
A
7
pg
06
34
02
SO
00
,
42,7
' 144.9
30
40
,
10
22
2S
54
49,0
3
46
1564
152,7
40
~
g
9
12
17
37
10
45
.
46'2
152~6
0
149
4~
40
s
10
06
3
28
40
33
36
'~.8
30,3
~
157,0~
40
A
11
1
15
59
OS
10
44,1
423
149,0
142,9
40
40-50
14
17
09
12
38
03
43,9
146,8
3
156
, 30-40
30-40
16
1?
S4
03
49,7
43,3
,
~
6
40 30
w
~ A
17
06
OS
26
58
10
42,7
43.2
4S
146,5
40
A
ig
14
13
20
10
43,8
146,9
50-60
A
22
12
20
3S
48.1
7
50
154157.,46
;O
20
22
17
19
24
1S
14
.
42,6
143.6
4
151
9s
40
A
S
23
14
15
48
58
17
12
43.0
50,7
,
151~4
30
SO
A
A
23
22
39
57
~8
18
43~2
52,4
146,7
153,0
480
A
A
25
23
56
04
27
46,3
42
9
' 153,0
146,6
40
40
26
27
09
03
SO
34
52
,
43,1
146,6
143
7
40
SD
A
~
07
17
23
42,4
,
March
1
09
26
49
52,7
152,9
525
A
s
7
01
51
10
42,5
148,0
.40
OS
32
59
46,6
152,9
30
A
8
22
37
30
44,0
147.2
43
A
9
13
34
32
42,0
143.0
0
A
21
13
� 33
52,3
153,3
~
46
11
15
47
07
44,3
151,1
30
'
~
13
Ol
09
54
45,3
149,9
30
12
38
57
49,4
155.5
30
A
16
18
57
45.8
153.9
20
A
14
OS
15
19
46,4
153.0
60
A
OS
29
25
46,6
153,5
30 .
13
23
51
46,3
153,7
30
6
14
16
OS
26
44.1
148,8
40-50
A
s
17
22
06
44
24
18
48,9
44,9
155,6
147,4
30
130-140
A
278
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
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rnn orrzcr.AL vsE orrLY
1 o~
r 11 ~
ta ~
ia ~
14
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,
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6
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o-s OleKOrow 2
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1
10
6
9
3
9,S
1
9,5
S
5,3
8
9
3
9
S
10
S
10
6
March
4,4
8
9
S
915
3
9
S
1013
6
4,5
8
9
4
10,5
4
10.5
2
4,8
5,60
5,8
10.5
3
5,4
610
5,4
3
9,5
3
4,7
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20
178
46
323
35
236
SO
0,883
+0,469
96
14
198
42
3S3
4S :
,
0
~
26
61
0
978
-0 2
2S9
29
52
58
161
13
170
70
0,98S
-0,174
37
i8
199
68
306
OS
184
SO
0,469
-0,883
71
69
1S6
21
164
00
201
70
01891
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70
30
254
59
160
01
201
SO
0,898
-0,438
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238
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342
13
167
SO
0,898
-0,438
48
44
204
43
307
14
171
62
0,682
+0,731
142
08
236
38
42
S1
222
SO
0,682
+0,732
14
03
281
31
110
S8
184
70
0,848
-0,529
S2
36
246
53
147
06
2
,
0
93
70
682
0
+
,731
123
1S
20
39
128
47
195
70
0,933
-0,358
63
28
243
61
154
00
148
70
0,866
+4,500
110
OS
206
SS
16
35
S2
S8
0,951
+0,309
27S
11
iC
'S2
198
33
195
70
O,S74
-0,819
45
S2
262
33
iS9
17
136
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0,766
-0,643
21
54
189
35
284
07
178
60
0,883
-0,469
$3
40
224
49
- 319
OS
347
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UDC 550,341-550,34:91
"Earthquakes in thc Garpathiatjo," Kageyuk, 0. P., "Zemietryesani,ya v SgSR
v 1975 goclu," Moscow, Nattka, 1976, pp 9-11
The saiemicity aF the Carpaehi.ans is described. The spatiAl diseribution
is analyzed Erhm the map oC ehe epicenters given. Ir 3s 1oted thae ehe
Vranc{ia regton on IthmAnien terrikery, just an formarly, is moet acCive.
Ttie areicie is aceampanied by a eatalog of earehquskea.
Illuseraeidns--1, 'tabies--i, Bibliogr8phy-4 entr3eg.
UUC 550.341-550.3091
"Enrefiqunkes in the Crimea and Lower Kuban," Popov, I. I., "Zemletryaseniya
v S55R v 1975 godu," Mescow, Neuka, 1978, pp 12-13,
The characeeristics of the seismic nctiviey nf the Crimea during the year
are given. DaCa arr presented on the parameters of earthquakes and the
methuds of determining them. A catalog of earthquakes is preaented.
Illustrations--1, Bibliogrgphy--2 entries
UUC 550.341-550.34:91
"Earthquakes in the Caucagus," Papalashvili, V. G.; Bagramyatt, A. Kh.;
Levkovictt, R. A.; and Agamirzoyev, R. A., "Zemletryaseniya v SSSR v 1975
godu," Moscow, Nauka, 1978, pp 14-21
The arriele is devoted to a description of the seiamicity of the Caucasus
during the year. Infocmation is given on the seismological stations, the
datA from which were used in determining the parameters of the egrthquakes.
Mettiods of determining these parameters are described, and a survey is given
of the seismicity of ehe Caucasus with respect to the two major areas--the
Enste rn Caucasus and the bzhavakhetskiy upland. A map of the epicenters ia
gtven. Dtacroseismic data are given for the strongese earthquakes of this
year. The grticle is accompanipd by a catalog of earthquakes.
Illustrattons--5, Tables--3, Bibliography--4 entries
UDC 550.341-550.34:91
"Izerbash Earthquake on 20 June 1975," Levkovich, R. A.; Asmanov, 0. A.,
"zemletryaseniya v SSSR v 1975 godu," Moscow, Nauka, 1978, pp 22-25
Macroseismic information is given on a scale of M5K-64, as well as a map of
the isoseismal lines.
I11usCrations--1,
k..;
Tables-4, Bibliography--1 enCry
348
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UUC 550.341-550.34:9i
"Shnkhnnzar Carthryuake nti 30 Mar4h 1974," I3agr.amyan, A. Kh; Cendakyan, C. G.;
Gegmaehadze, S.; MnkhBeadze, . N.; Papalasliv3li, V. G.; nnd Simonyan, S. 9.9
"Zc!nileer.ynseniyti vS35R v 1975 gadu," Mosrow, Nauka, 1979, pp 27-31.
A descriptidn i$ given nf tlie macrogciaml.c consequenees of elie Shaichlazar
earehquake, egeimated by scale MSK-64; ingerumene data and d list of the
aft@rghocks af Chis eEirehquskp are given.
I11us trdCiong--4, Tabies--2, gibliography--6 eneri.es.
UUC 550.341-550.34:91
"deyhtinak Earthquake on 4 AugugC 1974," Agmanov, O.A.; Aref'yev, 3.S.;
Idermechev, Sh. G.; Kakhigni, L, A.; Levkovich, R.A.; Papalaslivili, V. G.;
nnd Sliebalin, N. V., "zemLeCryaseniya v SSSR v 1975 godu," Moscow, Neuka,
1978, PP 32-36.
UDC 550.341-550.34:91
Deteiled mncroseismic dneg on the MSK-64 scale are given, as well ag
instrument datg and n ligt oE the earehquakes that have oecurrpd on the
territory of the southwegeern apction of the Greater Caucasus.
Illuserariong--2, Tables--2, Bibliography.--5 entries.
UDC 550.341-550.34:91
" KilyaCl' Earthquake on 13 Novpmber 1974 in DagesCan," Asmanov, O.A.;
Aref'yev, S. S.; Kasparov, S. A.; Levkovich, R. A.; and Shukin, V. I.,
"zemletryaseniya v SSStt v 1975 godu," Moscow, Nauka, 1978, pp 37-43.
71ie geological cnnditions of the Kilyntl earthquuke are described.
inEnrmation from Che temporary expeditionary stations is given on this
earthquake, ds well as deeailed macroseismic data on the M5K-64 gcale.
Illustrations--5, Tables--2, Bibliography--5 entries.
UDC 550.341-550.34:91
"Sala-'Cau Earthquake nn 23 Uecember 1974 in Dagestan," Asmnnov, 0. A.;
Aref'yev, S. S.; Idarmachev, 5h. G.; Kasparov, S. A.; Kramynin, p. I.;
Levknvich, R..A.; and 5hchukin, V. I., "ZemletryaseniyA v SSSR v 1975 godu,"
Moscaw, Nauka, 1978, pp 44-52.
The Reological conditions of the Saln-Tau earthquake are described.
Information from [he temporary expeditionary stations is given on this
earthquake, as well as detailed macroseismic data on the MSK-64 scale.
Illustrations--10, Tables--2.
349
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UDG 550.341-550.34:91
"Etirtliquaketi in Western Turkmeniya," Goliflakiy, G. L.; Gorodkova, T. N;
snd Rnkhi.mov, A. R.,"Zemietrydseniya v 394R v 1975 godu," Moscow, Nauka,
1978, pp 53-56.
An annlysin is made af the Aeismicity of TurkmQniya and the adjacene terri-
eerieg of Nerthern Iran ineluded tn the Kopetdag zone. The meehods used Co
determine the basic parameters ot earehquekes are described. An analysi.s
ig given of the accuracy on the basis of the locaeion of the stat3ons with
respeet to the epi.center. A brief dascripkion is given of the nature of
ehe manifestatinn of ttie percQptiblp earthquakeg. Tlte article is accom-
pdnied by s catnlog of earChquakes.
L11useratinng-4, Tgbleg--2, Bibl3ography--12 enCrieg.
UDC 550,341-550,34:91
"Earehquakes in Centrnl Asia and Kaznkhstian," Ulomov, V. 2.; Flenova, M. G.;
Fadina, M. P.; Katok, A. P.; Dzhanuxakov, K. D.; Iodko, V. K.;
Kinyapina, T. A.; and Kon'kov, A. A., "xeroletryaseniya v SSSR v 1975 godu,"
Moscow, Nauka, 19780 pp 57-68.
Itie arricle is devoCed to a description of the seiamicity of Central Asia.
Most aCtive, as usual, was the Pamiro-Hindukush region, both with respece
to the n umber of recordEd crumral and deep earthquakes. For the major
seismogenic zonea and the most ective regiong, the parametera of the seismic
conditiong r and are determined, in arcordance with which the seismo-
active regions are combined tnto three groups. Macroseismic information ta
alsn given on some strong earthquakes. The article is accompanied by a
catalog of earthquakes.
Illustrations--5, Tables-4, Bibliography--4 entries.
UDC 550.341-550.34:91
"Earthquakes in Northern Tian-Shnn'," Ospanov, A. B., "Zemletryaseniya v
SSSR v 1975 godu," Moscow, Nauka, 1.978, pp 69-75.
Data gre given on the network nf seismic stations in the Northern Tyan'-Shan
zone. The seismic activity is described and a caralog of earthquakes in
1975 is compiled. Maps are plotted of the epicenters and density of the
epicenters. Note is made of the regeneration of the seismic conditions in
the center areas of the catastrophic Chilikskiy (1889) and Vernenskiy
(1887) earthquakes. There is a detailed discussion of the most significant
event--the Toraygyr earthquake on 12 February 1975, with MQ5.0 and an
: intenaity of 6 points at the epicenter. A map is plotted of the isoseismal
lines, a copy of the recording of this earthquake by an SMTR seismograph is
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given, and the spaCia1-tempotal conformi.ti@s af iCs 8feershock activi.ey are
seudi.ed.
iilustrarions--4, Tables--1, Bibliography--4 enCries.
UDC 550.341-550.34:9l
"Earehquakee in Altay and Sayan," Fi1ina, A. G., "2@m1Qtryneeniya v SSSR
v 1975 godu," Moscoa, Nauka, 1978, pp 76-79,
The pronounced -level of activi,ty of all the regiona characteristi.e of the
area eonneceed with stron g end catastrophic earthquakes ia noted.
Th@ series of afterehocks oF the earthquakes on 15 May 1970 end 29 November
1974 continue. Their di.aCribution by classes is given. Note is taken of
~the 1eve1 of seismic activiry, higher than 1974, with regpect to the afrer-
ahocks of ehe region of the Ureg-Nurak earthquake. The region nf., the
Shapsha1'skiy earthquakea of 1973-1974, a1so active this year, is 1lnked
with it.
For the regiona of the Mongol-Altay 1931 and Tannu-01'sk 1905 earthquakes,
there is a change in the average yearly number of earthquakes during the
perind of 1963-1975, and tn each case an increase ig obaerved in the number
of earthquakes in 1975 afCer periods of relative calm. Determinations of
Che mechaniem of the cenCer, using the meChodology of A. V. Vvedenakaya,
are made for earthquakes Nos 8 and 9 from the region of the catastrophic
Mongolian-Altay earthquake of 1931. It is noted that the course of Che
axes o� the main stresses in both cases is maintained, and only their
incline toward the horizontal plane changes. '
As before, Che region of Uzhungarskiy Ala-Tau and Lake Zaysan is active.
Earthquakes were recorded in the Kamnya-na-Ob' region.
The article is accompanied by a catalog of earthquakes.
Illustrations--2, Bibliography--2 entries.
UDC 550.341-550.34:91
"Earthquakes in the Bayka1 Region," GoleneCskiy, S. I., "2emletryaseniya v
SSSR v 1975 godu," Moscow, :iauka, 1978, pp 80-86.
The seismicity of the Baykal seismic zone was studied in 1975 in accordance
with the observations of the regional network of 18 seismic stations. Some
2,609 epicenters of earthquakes were deeermined. The catalog given contains
information on 324 jolts from the 9th energy class. Charts are computed
for the frequency of earthquakes for the entire zone and the reef area
and individually for ita northeastern and southwestern sections. The
results are given from determining the mechanism of the centers of the two
351
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eartliquakes i.n the region of the Chivyrkuyakiy ia1et aC Baykal. The
`development of the se3smic procegs during 1975 is d3scussed in eime and
in its connecrian w3eh the manifeseatione of setsmicity in the preceding
pertod. The seudy of the seismicity ia made on the basis of mape of the
epicentp-ra, the seismi.e aetivity and charts of the diseribution of earCh-
quak@s with respect tn enargy and 3n Cime.
Particular uetention is paid ro discuss3ng the large-ecale clusrar of
earthquakes on the 6arguz3nakiy range, which conetitutes one of the mose
signiE3cant cheracterigtice of the region'e eeiemicity in 1975.
tlluatraeions--5, Tables--3, Bibl3ography--9 entr3ee
UDC 550.341-550.34:91
"Earthquakee in Yakutiya and the Northeastern US8R," Koz'min, B. M., and
Andreyev, T. A., "Zemlerryaaeniya v SSSR v 1975 godu," Moscow, Nauka,
1978, pp 87-89
Studiea of earthquakes were made at 13 regional aeismdlogical srations -
with uniform equipment. The methodology of proceasing the data is given.
An analygia of the sefamicity ehowed that the most seismoactive in 1975
were th e northern regions of the zone: Verkhoyanskiy range, Laptevkykh
Seg, bzhugdzhur range and coast of the Sea of Okhotak. Some 95 percent of
the yearly se3smic energy of the region was released here. There is a
macroseismic description of two earthquakes in the region of the
Verkhoyanskiy range and the Laptev,ykh Sea. A catalog o.f earthquakes is
appended Co the article.
Illustrations--1, Tables--2, Bibliography--4 entries
UDC 550.341-550.34:91
"Earthquakes in the Amur Region and Primor'ye [Coastal) Region,"
Osknrbin, L. S., "Zemletryaseniya v SSSR v 1975 godu," Moscow, Nauka, 1978,
pp 90-93
An analysis of th e detailed seismicity of the Amur region is made from
studies of seismological stations of the regional and field type. A map
of the epicenters and caCalog of earthquakes are given.
Illustrations--2, Bibliography--4 entries
UDC 550.341-550.34:91
"Earthquakes in Sakhalin," Oskorbin, L. S., "Zemletryaseniya v SSSR v 1975
godu," Moscow, Nauka, 1978, pp 94-98 -
The article is devoted to an analysis of the seismicity of 5akhelin. The
parameters are determined for 80 earChquakes, recorded by permanent and
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expr.diCidnnry otatidng. TI1eYe in a dpea.iled cliscunnidn df the seiomiciCy
of individuaily, chndleinnaiiy gtngied oue regieng. A graph of tl� fre-
quenry t.H pldeeed. '1lir urUcle is srcdmhanied by a entalng. of hnxehqunkcs,
t11.ustrntions--3, 'Cabl.es--1, I33b1iography-_4 enCries,
UUC 550, 341-550, 34:91
"Earthquakes in Kur31," Pdpiavakaya, L. N.; Boyeliuk, A. N.; and Rudik, M. i.,
"Zemieeryaseniya v SS3R v 1975 godu," Moscow, Nauka, 1978, pr 99-105.
The rharecreriatict; af ehe geismi.c eondieions during the yenr are gtven dn
ehe basis nf a map of the epicenrers and dnea from a graph of the frequency
and distribueion of the Kurilo-Okhoegk earthquakes oF 1975 with rQepecr to
mngnituda end depeh,of the fveus., Tlte manifegtaeion of seismicity ia
described in deCail for aight regions eonventiondlly singled out. The
dynamie parameters of the foeus of the strongeee aArthquakes are deeermined.
InEnrmgeion or, ehe basic pgrameters nf 1,130 enrthquakes is given in u
catalog.
t11usCrationg--2, Tab]es--2, Bibliography--3 entries.
UDC 550.341-550.34:91
"Strong'Earthquakep in the I:eseQr Kur31'skaya Range," Poplavskaya, L. N.;
noychuk, A. N.; Co Chan Nam; Zhigulina, N. D.; zhak, V. M.; Kleehchenko,
N. A.; Nnumenkn, B. N.; Oyipov, A. F.;, Rudik, M. I.; Skripnik, A. V.;
Akripnik, V. M.; Kharlamov, A. A.; and hhrigto�orov, G. N.; "Zemletrynseniya
: v SSSit v 1975 godu," Moscow, Nauka, 1978, pp 106-110.
The regulCs of a sCudy of the focal cettter of a serieg of gtrong earrhquakes _
on 10-15 June 1975 in the tesser Kuril'skaya Range region are given. M
annlysis is made of the dynamic parameters of the mechanisms of the focal
points of the earthquakes. Far the tectonic jolt on 10 June there are
detniled ingtrumenC data on the manifestRtion by seiemic sea waves at the
Kuril Islnnds and Hokkaydo Island. '
Illustratians--2, Tables--G, Bibliography--2 entries.
UDC 550.341-550.34:91
"Earthqunkes in Kamchntka," Fedotov, S. A.; Simbireva, I. G.; PeofilakCov,
V. D.; Gusev, A. A.; Corel'chik, V. I.; and SCepAnov, V. V.,
"zemletryaseniya v SSSR v 1975 gndu," Moscowf Nauka, 1978, pp 111-114.
The arCicle describes the seismicity of the Kamchatka region in 1975.
Maps of the epiceneers and seismic activity are given, as we11 as the
verCical crosq section and catalog af earthquakes wirh i(' > 10. The
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srrangent accurrence nf the year wss the doubia Cremor wiCtt o4/ - 7.0 and
7.8 an S Aprii. Ttie saigmiciey reiaeed ea the great Toibactiik �issure
eruhtion is brie[ly deseri.bed.
111untrations--4, gibliography--4 eneries.
UnG 550.341-550.34:91
"Bartliquakeg in Chukotka end the ArcCi.c 8as3n," Lazareva, A. p, ,
"Zemieeryaseniya v 5SS R v 1975 godu," Mosecw, Nauka, 1978, pp 115-117.
A survey is given of the seiamicity of the SovieC eector of the Arctic in
1975 an the basis of a.L1 rh e avsilablQ inatrumenr datia. The parameters of
some week enYrhquukQS were darermined from date from only nne station. The
greaeest activity in the area was confined to the underwater Ggkkel' ridge.
A tab1e is also given wieh the distribution of earthquakeg recorded by
staCidns ae Lul'tin and 'Cik$i., according to the epicentral diseances and
energy C1Ag508. A catalog df earChquakee is pr@senCed.
Illustrationy--1, Tnbles--l, Bibliography--4 enrries
UDC 550.341-550.34:91
"M terctic Earrhquake on 15 October 1974," Oborina, S. F., "2emletryaseniya
v SS5R v 1975 godu," MosCOw, Nauka, 1978, pp 118-119.
A desr.ription is given of anearthquake with a magnitude of 5, recorded for
the firgt time on Antarctic territory, Tlte epicenter of the earthquake may
inaicnre the continuation of the Pacific Ocean alpine folded ring from
New Zealand to Western Anrarctica... The fact of the recording of short-
period waves and ~ in Egstern Antarctica is noted.
Bibliography--g entries.
UDC 550.341-550:34:91
"Strdng Earrhquakes of the Wnrld," Shntnrnaya, N. V., "Zemlptrygseniytt v
SSSfi v 1975 godu," Mos caw, Nauka, 1978, pp 120-123.
A survey is given of the seismicity of the earth wiCh respect to earthqunkes
with 4,1*-s 6, the parameters of which are determined from the data from a
network of Unified Sys tem of Seismic Operations supporC stations.
The table cantains information on the yearly f requency of the manifegtation
of earthquakes with a certain magnitude during the last 10 years and shows
the comparative distribution of the total seismic energy released from the
focal points of strong earthquakes in 1975 for the five seismoactive belts
in the world: Paci�ic Ocean, Trans-AsiaCic, e+rctic, Atlantic and Indian.
A catalog of earthquakes is appended to the article.
Illustrations--1, Tables--2, Bibliography--3 entries.
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UDC 550.341-5SO .34:91
"AdJLtinnul rtiramaCer.s af ehe I'ocai rointis of 3trnng Earehquakes,"
Zakharnva, A, I. ; Chepkunns, L, S.; Zapoi' akiy, K. A. ;'L11bry!.unnvn, N. A. ;
'Llibrykwidv, V. Ya.; gnd bevklna, T. G. ,"'Lem1edr; nsent.ya v SSSR v1975 godu,"
Mascow, Nauka, 1978, pP 124-140.
For somQ strong earthryunkes with M> 75 the o,nr_,n1c parameCerg nre detarmined
for rhe foeal poines coi.eh respeee ea the sp@ctrums df the :langirudinel coavas
recarded at the TsSO ae Obninak wirh standard npparuCus and �raquency selec-
tion gei.gmie gCaeion; the seismic momenti, langth of the cliscnnCinuiey,
magnieude nf the shifr and drap of the gtress.
I11useraeions-4, Tables--5, j3ibliography--14 entries
UDC 550.341-550.34:9 1
"SpeCCrs1 and Temporsl Chargcteristics of Che/a-Wnveg of Ser.ong Esrthqunkes
in 1974 (from rhe dara df the frequency selection seismic station at the-
Ts50 at Obni.nsk)," Znpo1'skiy, K. K.; Zhbrykunova, N. A.; and zhbrykunov,
V. Ya., "zemletrynseniya v SSSIt v 1975 godu," Moscow, Nauka, 1978, pp 141- _
146.
The specerums of strdng enrehquakes according to the �requency gelection
seigmic starions that diffract the recordingg and frequency-eemporal
fields of f)-waves are digcussed.
Illuatrntions--3, Tttbles--3, Bibliography--8 entripg.
355
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ron oFrzcrAri USG ONLY
r-or nrCtc.le, "EarChquakeq in WesCern Turlcmeniya"
Cigure 1. Map of Epicenters o,f; S!:;.ong Enrthquakes in Turicmeniya in 1975
(K 9)
1-wenergy class K; 2--ClA88 nf accuracy 3n deGerm;tning conrdinttCes of
epicenters; 3--bouttdaries of se3smic regions; G--seismological staeions.
In the inseC maps: ae ehe right--epicenters ot eartihquakes with K= 9
in Ashkhabnd reginn, at tihe lefr--sxme, fnr Krasnovodsk region. The
numbers designate the numUer of epicenters ae ehe given poinei;
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Fdr riretclu, "Cnrehqunkes in tJoAtern TurkmQniya"
Figure 2. Map af Epi.canters of Waak Earthquskes in Turkmeniye in 1975
(K 9)
1--energy Gless K; 2--c1ass o� accuracy of deCermining coordinateH of
epiGenCers; 3--seismoiogical staCions, In the inser maps: at the right--
epi.centers of earthqunkee wieh K- 4-7 in Ashkhabad region, ae the left--
same, for Krasnovadek reg3on.
359
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~l
~
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Fnr nrCiclv, "Larthquaices in Baykal itegihn"
i,,ty;urc 1. Mnp of Cpileneers of Cnrthqunkes in thc t3nykul znne 3n 1975
Wieh K 9
1--anergy c1ass K; 2--c1asges of aCCUCACy (a, b--error does noe exceed
5-10 km, A--25 km); 3--seismoingi.cal sCaCid11g; 4--boundary of Beykal
gcismie zdne; 5--ouelines of ehe area wirh tihe number of epi.cenrers nor
entered on ehe map due eo eheir great dengiry. Earehquakeg with K e 12
are designaCed by Raman numero.ls in chrnnologicnl order.
361
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Fdr nreicie, "EnrChqunkes in Bayka1 Itegion"
Flgure 2. Map of Epicenters of Certhquakes in the Bnykal zone ir1 1975
With K s 7-A
1-5--desiguations the same as in Figure 1; 6--faca1 po:[ntis, possIb1y of
nonseigmic nrigin
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`
,
10,
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364
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I'or tirC3c1e, "Carehquakeg in Baykal Itegion"
rigure 3. Map of Sei8mic Activitiy of Bay1ca1 Zone in 1975
.L--isolines o.E seismic ncCivity ; 2--dcrivaeed faults; 3--fau1Cs;
4--8el;iI11n10j;iCaL yrarions; S, 6--epicenters of eerthquakeg of 13th and
12rh energy classes respenCively
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, For ti1e nrricle, "Earrhhu7lcca in Ynicuriyn and the Nor.ehenstern USSR"
f Mrap of CptcenCers of Enr.thquakes in Yakueiya nnd Nortlictisrern USSR in 1975
1--energy cl.nss, lC; 2--tlCCllCnCy nf deCermining epicenlerg: claay n-- ~ 5 km;
i,-- + 10 km; A~- ~h 25 km; II-- 50 icm; :l--seismolagical atr7eionN; ~
4_--C~u1ts �
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~
nt
iR~r
Hr
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For Che artiicle, "Carthquakes in the Amur Region" _
Figure 1, Epic:enCera of Earehquakes in rhe Amur Region in 1975
1--energy class K; 2--accuracy of deCermining position of epicenCer;
3--seismnlog3ca1 sCaCiona
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Vor tltc Areicle, "Earthquakey in Knmchatke"
I-1.1;ure 1, Mnp nf Cpiceilrerq n� Garehquakes in Kgmehatlcg and Komandnrskiy
Yslands With 9 in 1975.
1--energy C1n95 K; 2--depeh n� focus in km; 3--seismologlcal seations;
4--aurlines of reliable recording wieh K= 9 and 10; 5--isobaths;
6--mountnin ranges; 7--ttctive volcanoea; 8--axis of volcanic arc;
. 9--numbers of secrors of volcenic ttrc; 10--numbers nf earthquakes with
h 12; 11--TolbAChik volcano region
~

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~
12
14
. 3/1
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ror. orrIcInL usE orrLY

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Fnr the nreicLe, "Careliquak~s in Kamehaeka"
Figiire 2, Map oF Epicenters of Earrhqvakea in KamchaCka and Knmandorekiy
Islandg With K= 8 in 1975
1--encrgy clasg K; 2--depth of focus Kin km; 3--aeismologi.cal stations;
4--nutlines of reliable reeording; 5--isobaths; 6--mounCai.n ranges;
7--E1CtiVp volcanoes; S--axia of volcanic arc; 9--numbers of sectors of
valcenic arC
372
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t~'nr nrrtnle, "Enrthquakey i.n KBmchnCka"
Vigure :l, A1np or Seiamic Activiey ot KamchaCka And Kdmandnrskiy LAlanclH
1;n, b--isdlines of goisinic nctiviCy in units ; 2--maximum ahd mini.mum
nf scigmic aGrivity tn unirg ; 3--epiCenrers aeeordl.ng Ld instrumenr
dnta nn carthquakc:s; 4--November 1952 wiCh M= B.S; 5 riay 1959 with M. 7.5;.
22 July 1969 with M Y 7.7; 5--QpiCentera df serong eaYChquakes with
Ma 5-7.25 in preceding 25 years; 6--yeismologica1 sCations; 7--aceive
vnLcanoeq; 8--ouC1ines of reliable recording of earthquakes wiCh energy
c1oss K= 9 an d 10; 9--igObdth9; 10--mountain ranges; 11--areas of focgl
pointg of enrthquakeg menCioned wirh M 7.7.
COPYttIGII'f: Izdatel'stvo "Nauka," 1978
12151
C50: 8144/1528 - END -
374
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