JPRS ID: 8472 TRANSLATIONS ON USSR AGRICULTURE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: JPRS
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 34
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 43
• Content Type: REPORTS

APPROVE~ FOR RELEASE= 2007/02/09= CIA-R~P82-00850R000100050043-8

. ~ ~ ~ i OF i
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2047/02109: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8
FOR O~FICIAL USE ONLY
J'PRS L/8472
�
22 May ~.979
~
TRANSLATIONS ON USSR AGRICULT~URE
(FOUO 4/1'9)
U. S. ~OINT PUBLICATIONS RESEARCH SERVICE ~
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
NOT~
JPRS publicaCions contain inforr.~ation primarily from foreign
newapapers, periodicals and books, htit also from news agency
- Cranamisaions and broadcasts. Maeerials from foreign-language
sources are Cranelated; ehoae from English-language sources
are Cranscribed or reprineed, with the original phrasing and
other characeeriaeics retained.
Headlinea, editorial repnres, and maCerial enclosed in brackeCs
are supplied by JPIt5. ~'rocesaing indicators such as [Text]
or [Excerpe] in Che first line of each item, or following the -
lasC line of a brief, indicaCe how Che original in�ormaCion was
processed. Wh~re no processing indicaCor ia given, the infor-
~ mation was summarized or extracted.
Unfamiliar nam~s rendered phonetically or transliterated are
enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques-
tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the _
original but have b~en supplied asappropriate in context.
Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an
item originate with the source. Times within items are as
- given by source.
The contents of this publication in roo way represent the poli-
cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. Government.
COPYRIGHT LAWS AND REGULATIONS GO'VERNING OWNERSHIP OF
MATERIALS REPRODUCED HEREIN REQUIRE THAT DISSEMINATION
OF THIS PUBLICATION BE RESTRICTED FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY.
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
_ _
_ I~ Ok 01~ A'LCIl1L U51; ONLY
JPRS L/8472 -
: a2 r~y i9 ~s
- TRANSLATIONS ON USSR AGRICULTURE
(FOUO 4/79)
CONTENTS PAGE
Further Development of Grain Economy in KazakhsCan
` (A. Barayev; AGITaTOR KAZAKk~STANA, Feb 79)..........~.....a... 1
Improved Distribution of Grain Cropa in Kazakhatan
_ (B. Kaimov, 0. itislov; SEL'SKOYE KHOZYAYSTVO KAZAKHSTANA, ~
Jan 19)..~ 8
Abstracts From Journal 'DOKLADY VASKhNIL' No 8, Aug 78 pp 45-46..... 11
Abstracts From Journal 'DOKLADY yASKhNIL' No 9, Sep 78 pp 45-46..... 13
Abatracts From Journal 'DOKLADY VASKhNIL' No 10, Oct 78 pp 44-46.... 15
Abstracts From Journal 'D(?KLADY ~~1ASIQiNIL' No 11, Nov 78 p 45. 19
Abstracts From Journal 'DOKI.ADY VASIQnNIL' No Y2, Dec 7~ pp 38-39.... 21
Abatracta From Journal 'DOKLADY VASKhNIL' No 1, Jan 79 pp 46-48..... 24
- Abstracts From .7ournal 'DOKLADY VASI~IIIL' No 2, Feb 79 pp 46-48..... 27
Abstracts From Journal 'DOKI~ADY VASKhIdIL' No 3, Mar 79 p 46......... 30
- a - [III - USSR - 7 FOUO]
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
FUItTHER D~VELOPMENT OF GRAIN ECONOMY IN KAZAKNSTAN
- Alma-Ata AGITATOR KAZAKHSTANA in Russian No 4, Feb 79 pp 6-9
[Article by A. Barayev, VASKhNIL Academician and direcCor of the All-Union
Scientific Reaearch ~natitute of the Grain Economy: "Reserves of a Grain.
Fiel.d''J
(TextJ The development within a brief interval of time of milliona of -
hectares of virgin land is withouC parallel in the history of farming
Chroughout the world. It confronted the farmers with very complicated
tasks associated with the skilful use of this land. A need aroae for
- developing measures for protecting the soils againet wind erosion and, Co be
more precise, for developing a virgin land system of farming. It was for
this reason that, based upon the initiative diaplayed by Comrade L.I. _
Brezhnev, oblast experimental stations were organized in each oblast and in
the former Akmolinskaya Oblast a acientific-research institute of the
grain economy. �
The collective of scientista at the All-Union Scientific-Reaearch Institvte
of the Grain Economy concentrated their principal studies on developin~
methods for protecting soils against wind erosion and, in creativ~
collaboration with engineering ins~titutes and the design bureaus of machine ~ -
building plants, developing special anti-erosion equipment. As a result of
fundamental studies carried out, a soil-protective aystem of farrning wae _
developed. In the book entitled TSBLINA [Virgin Land]. Canrade L.I.
- Brezhnev approved the work carried out by the collective of ecientiats at
our institute; they developed and actively participated in introducing khe
the soil-protective syste~a of farming into operationa.
The essence of the methods anployed in the soil-protective syatem of -
farming consista of the following: 1) a radical change in the eoil
cultivation syatsm, with soil cultivation and so~ing operations being
- carried out uaing special anti-erosion equipment rather than plow, toothed
harrows and th~ usual diak drills; 2) the introduction and development of
scientifically sound grain-fallow crop rotation plans, with a brief -
rotation and a clean fallow field; 3) the applicstion of app~apriate
1 �
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
I
, i
~OR OFFICIAL USE ONLY ~
fertilizers Co the crop rotation fielda; 4) sowing Che crops ueing atubble
field drilis and acienCifically sound sowing noYma and during the beat
- perioda; 5) replacing obsolete grain crop straina wiCh new~ mnre productive
and higher quality ones.
In the ~xCremely dry regions of the republic, a principel condiCion for -
obtaining high and stable yielda is ehar of making mnximum uae of the
natural precipitation. Thia is achieved by meana of Che recommended flat-
- cuCting cultivaCion, by meacts of which the aoil is able to absorb more ,
effecCively Che laCe summer and autumn precipitation. The stubble which
remaina following flat cutting cultivation protecte the molaCure againat _
evaporation from the aoil. Flat cuttinw culrivation is of epecial im~ortance
wiCh regard to the retention and accumulatiion of winter precipitation on the
fielda. Extended etudies carried out by scientiats of the inetitute have
undergcored Che importance of ca~rying out snow retention work using tractor
snowplowa on fields on which flat cutting cultivation was carried out. It
is wrong to assume thar one flat cutting cultivation will accumulate a snow
cover of a field that ia adequate for moistening, in the form of thaw
waters, the entire root zone soil layer. This is convincingly borne out by
a 5-year study carried out by the in~atitute's Department of Farming from
1973 to 1977.
~ AuCumn flat cutting Autumn flat cutting ;
cultivation without cultivation with
snow retention subar,quent snow ~
(control) retFention
Thicknesa of snow cover at end 26�8 46�2 '
of winter (in cm)
Supplies o'` water in snow (in 804 1432 ;
tons per hectare) 1520 ~
Supplies of productive moiature 1118 ;
in soil prior to sowing (in
. tons per hectare)
Spring wheat yield (in quintals
per hectare) 11.3 . 16.3
Thus flat cutting soil cultivation must ne~essarily ~e combined with
subsequent winter snow retention work. Such a combination will bring about
- a cansiderable increase in the thickness of the snow cover and in the
moisture supplies in the soil and, as a result, the spring wheat yield will
- increase by 5 quintals per hectare. In the case of flat cutting cultivation,
the snow ridges are i:~stalled at the very beginning of winter. They muet
be poaitioned crossWise to the blizzard winds at a diatance of 3.5-4.5
meters from one another. Only if this is done Will a wind shadow be
created between the ridges making it possible for all of the snoa to be
retained on the field.
2
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
I~'OR O~~ICIAL U5E ONLY
Qver the past 8 yeara~ snow reContion work has been carried our on an area
of 28,000-33,000 hecCarea at an experimentgl farm of our institute. During
these 8 yeara the average th,ickness of Che anow cover was 39.3 cm and it
conCained approximately 1,200 toczs of water per hectare. During Che past
_ few years the aovkhozes and kolkhozes in tho norChern oblasCe heve been
following our recommendationa and they have been accumulating a enow cover
_ ranging in thicknesa from 35 to 40 cm by the end of tl~e winter. It beara
mentioning Chat with flat cutting cultivaCion Che apring thaw watere are
absorbed very well by the soil and iLr is only rarely that a run-off occurs
on such fields.
As a result, the grain crop yielda following autumn flat cuCting cultivation _
increase subetantially compared to autumn plowing carried ouC using plows.
Testa carried ouC by our inatitute have shown that on the average for a
period of 10 years, the spring wheat yield was 4.8 quintals more per hectare
- than that obtained following plowing. At the Kustanay Experimental
Station 3.8 quintals higher, at Turgay 3.5, over a period of 11 years
at the Severo-Kazakhatanekaya Station 2.8, during S yeara at the Ural'skaya
SCation 2.7 and ovar 8 years at the Aktyubinakaya Station higher by -
2.3 quintals per hectare. -
The grain crop yields being obtained at sovkhozes and kolkhozes following
flat cutting cultivation are 2.5-3.5 quintals more than that following
plowing. The task ia on~ of enauring th~t flat cutting implemente are
employed in all areas in Kazakhstan for cultivating the soil in behalf of
grain crops. This represents a aubstantial reaerve for increasing the grosa
yield of grain on each farm.
In the book TSELINA, Comrade L.I. Brezhnev approved our proposals with
regard to introdu~ing clean fallow into use on virgin landg. The grain-
. fallow crop rotation plans dEVeloped by the scisntists of our inetitute
ensure that th$ fields are cleansed af malicious weeds. Spring wheat
furnishes the highest yielde on the whole during rotation on fallow fielda.
For example, the highest yield of wheat grain per hectare of arable lancl ia
~btained from a four-field grain-fallo~r ~rop rotation plan and on the .
fa~rms the highest grosg yield of wheat grain. Far example, during
~ special four field grain-f~llow hweat crop rotation plans at an experimental
farm, the grain yield per hectare of arable land during the past 8 years
~ amounted to 12.5 quintals. In five ff.q;d crop rotation plana, where one `
field was clean fallow, three fields w~r~ occupied by spring aheat sowinga ~
' and one by barley aowings, a higher grain yield per hectare of arable land
was obtained 13.5 quintals. When developing such crop rotation plans,
the effectivenese of all of the other methods of soil-protectivs farming
is raised substan*_ially. Such crop rotation plans muat be developed in the
steppe regiona of the republic. -
The use of the entire complex of inethods for soil-protective farming ensures
reliable protection of the soils against wind erosion and it servea as a
- reliable base for obtaining higher and more stable yields and, even more
3
FOR 0~'FICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
- imporCanC, iC makes it posaiblQ to overcome droughts or at leaet to reduce
sharply their harmful effects. A aharp droughC occura in Kazakhstan evary
2 out of 5 yeara and sometimea 3 years. The worst droughCs occur in June,
at which time~ o~?ing Co an abaence of precipiration, the upper eoil layer
dries ouC 6nd the roots of the spring wheat do not form from rhe Cillering
node. The yields fall aharply during auch yeare.
Following the davelopment of the aoil protactive syaCem of farming~ there -
were 2 years in which no precipitation fell in June: 1975 and 1977.
However, wiCh an accumulation of snow at the end of the winCer on the entire
- area under cropa at Che experimental farm of 53 cm in 1975 and G5.4 in
1977, a grain crop yield was obrained from ehe entire area of 25,500
hectares of 10.9 quintale in 1975 and 12 quin~als per hectare in 1977 even ~
- without the formation of roota from the tillering node. In 1976 and 1978,
normal moisCure was availabl~ in June as a result of the precipitation
which fell. Thus the powerful system of roota which formed from the
tillering node and the supplies of moieCure in the upper soil layere ensured
the formation of large ears and the powerful development of leaf surface.
Deapite aharp droughts in July and August, good ~rain crop yielda were -
obtained: 20.2 quintals in 1976 and 20.9 quintals per hectai~ in 1978. _
Thus the introduction of the soil-protective sysCem of farming not only
protected the soil in a reliable rnanner against wind erosion, but iC also '
guaranteed complete overcoming of a drought and it enaured an average yield
of 16 quintals over a period of 4 yeara, two times higher than the yield
- planned at the commencement of develonm~nt of the virgin and long-f811ow
lands.
Studies carried out by scientific institutes and zonal agrochemical _
laboratories have establiehed ths high effectivenesa of applicationa of
phosphorus fertitizers. Even when just 1 quintal of superphosphate ia
applied per hectare, the yield increasea by 2.5-3 quintals. In view of the
fact that strong wheat is mainly sown in Kazakhatan and the republic is the
country's principal supplier of this wheat, apecial importance ia attached
to ensuring that all of the kolkhozes and sovkhozes are supplied with
= phosphorus fertilizers at the rate of 1 quintal of superphoaphate per -
hectare. Through the use of fertilizers alone, ita production can be ~
increased by 3.7-4.5 million tons for the entire area of 15 million hectares
of strong wheat plantings. Great impartance is attached to increaeing the
production of strong wheat, since it is used for improving the baking
qualities of flour obtained from wheat grown in the European part of the
country and for export.
Of the country's overall requirements for atrong wheat 11 million tons
the republic could supply no less than 90 percent of the overall deliveries
- within the next few years. Phosphorus fertilizers, by raising the apring
wheat and other grain crop yields and aimultaneously accelerating the
- ripening of the grains by 5-1 days, are making it poasible to carry out the
harvest operations under more favorable conditions and to reduce grain
losses during the harvest work.
4
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
FOR OF'FICIAL USC ONLY
In connecCion wiCh Che soil-proCectiveaystem of farming, great importance is
attached to carrying ouC the apring wheat sowing in Che northern oblaBCa
. during tli~ optimum calendar per~ods, beCween 15 and 25 ~~~ay. When sown
during tl~is period the sprins wheat furniehes 3-l.5 more quintale per hectare _
- than arc nbteined from ~arlier sowing perinda. Thie i~ explained by Che -
b~st use I~y auch plantings of the eummer precipitatior~ and by Che poaeibility
of carrying out pre-sowing cultiv~tion for th~ purpose of. deatroying th~ wild
- oats seedlings.
Of 25 million hectarea of grain cropa in the republic, SzS-2.1 stubble field
drilla are uaed for sowing 20 million hectarea. The inter-row spacinga for
these drills are 23 cm, compared to anly 15 cm for the disk grain drills.
Thus the sowing norma employed earlier of 4-4.5 million germinative seed per
- hectare ara extremely high and cauae overcrowding of the seedlinga in the
rows. This results in lowered yielda and excesaive expenditures of seed. ~
Extended studies carried out at our inaCiCute have shown that tha highest -
yields are obCained mainly when 2-2.5 million germinative seed are sown per
hectare. It is obvioua that a need exista within the republic for organizing
- a zonal aCudy of the sowing norms to be used when carrying out aowing work
_ using these drills at all of the experimental atationg, state atrain testing
staCions and at leading sovkhozes in each rayon.
_ When developing a complex of inethods for soil-protective farming which will
ensure considerable improvementa in soil moiature by means nf natural
precipitation, special importance is attached to replacing obeolete grain
crop varietiea with varietiea which are new, more productive~ of a higher ~
quality and more adaptable to local conditiona. The plant breedera of our
institute have bred a number of such varietiea, newly xegionalized or of a
promising nature, for the northern oblasts of Kazakhstan. The Shortandinka-
25 spring ~cheat variety has been regionalized and ia being propagated
succeasfully in Turgayakaya Oblast. The Taelinnaya-20 apring wheat variety
has been regionalized in Voatochno-Kazakhstanakaya Oblask and in Altayskiy
Kray and is conaidered t~ be promising for Semipalatinskaya and Pavlodarskaya
. oblasta. The Taelinnaya-21 apring wheat variety has been regionalized in
- Tselinogradskaya and Kokchetavskaya oblasts and is considered promising for
Severo-Kazakhstanskaya Oblast. In terms of their yielde and adaptability to
local conditiona, all of these varieties surpass the Saratovakaya-29 variety
and they are clasaified as atrong varietiea. In terms of forage crops, the
Tselinnyy-5 barley variety has been regionalized in the northern oblasts
and it surpassea to a coneiderable degree all other varietiea in the yields
- being obtained. The rapid propagation and disaemination of these varieties
repreaents an important reaerve for increasing the production of grain.
The complex and general introduction into production operationa of the eoil- -
protective farming methods repreaents the very foundation for increasing
_ substantially the grain crop yields and raising the gross yields of grain on
each farm in the immediate future. Rather aignificant in this regard are the
yields obtained in Taelinograskaya and Kokchetavskaya oblasta following
introduction of the soil-protective farming methods and compared Co the
Seventh Five-Year Plan, at which time theae methods were still not in use.
- 5
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
, ~ ,FOR OFI~'ICIAL USE ONLY (
_ ,
Average Annual Grain Crop Yielde ~
(in quintals per hectare) ~
Average for Average for Including ~
5 yeare last 8 years 1978 ~
(1961-1965) (1971-1978) ~
Taelinogradskaya Oblast 6.1 9.8 11.8
~ayons: Shortandinekiy 7.7 12.8 15.8 ;
Makinakiy 7.0 13.5 14.7 i
Balkashinakiy ~.5 13.2 14.6 .
Farms in Shortandinskiy Rayon !
Sovkhoz imeni KazTaIK 7.5 1k.5 15.8 i
Kolkhoa imeni 18 Let Kszakhstana 9.5 14.9 17�5 '
~xperimental farm of VNIIZKh 11.2 16.9 20�9 +
Kokchetavskaya Oblast 6.0 11.8 12�0
Rayons: Kzyltuakiy 4.4 11.3 10.8 ~I
Ruzayevakiy 5.7 14.6 14.9 ;
Bidai.kskiy Sovkhoz ;
Kzyltu3kiy Rayon 4.5 14.9 14.0 ;
Kameno~rodskiy Sovkhoz '
Volodarskiy Rayon 6.0 14.3 16.1
Despite the incomplete complex development of the aoil-protective farming '
methods, the uields in Tselinogradskaya Oblast increased by a factor of 1.6 j
over the past 8 years (in 1978 a factor of 1.9). In Shortandinekiy, I
_ Ma'kanskiy and Balkashinskiy rayona, the yields increased by factore of 1.1 !
� and 1.9 (in 1978 1.9-2.1). In Kokchetavekaya Oblast the yields increased ~
by almost twofold. In Kzyltuakiy and Ruzayevskiy rayona the yields ~
increased by a facCor of almoat 2.6 and at the Bidaikekiy Sovkhoz 3.2.
Grain production in the republic has increased coneiderably owing to the
developmenC of the virgin and long fallow lands. During the pre-revolutionary
period, grain production in 1Cazakhatan during the most produc tive year of (
1913 amountad to 2.1 million tons. In 1953 6 million tons. i
Average annual grain production for 1961-1965 14.5 million tons '
" 1966-1970 20.6 "
1971-1975 21.6 " ~
" 1976-1977 23.7 " !
1978 27.8 " ~
Grain production increased considerably throughout the sapublic followii~g I
the March (1965) Plenum of the CC C PSU, at which time it became possible for I-
the virgin land workers to introduce the scientifically sound eoil protective
farming methods into their operations. If these methods are introduced in ~
a general and complex manner and if the aovkhozes and kolkhozes are adequately
supplied with mineral and particularly phoaphorus ~ertilizers, it will be ~
~ ~
6 ~
~ ~'OR OFFICIAL USE ONLY ~
i
.
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
poasible Co raise the average yields to 16-17 quintals per hectare, to the
level called for during the July (1978) Plenum of Che CC CPSU.
The scisntista ak VNII2Kh [All-Union 5cienkific Research Ynstitute of Grain
Farmingj are carrying out further studies aimed at improving the aoil-
protective system of farming in conformity with the aoil-climatic conditions
found in each oblast of the republic. Yn creative collaboration with other
scienCific institutiona Chroughout the republic and special design bureaus
� for anti-eroaion equipment in Tselinograd~ studies are being conducted for -
the purpoae of improving the anti-erosion equipmenC and creating new
machines and implements for the powerful K-700 and K-701 tractors.
- Basic studiea are being c~trried out at tha Institute of the Grain Economy
- in connection with mastering solone tz soils and making more productive use -
of alkaline landa, creating modern machines and implements, developing crop _
rotation plana for alkaline soils in the virgin land, selecting more
~ productive cropa and developing agricultural techniquea for their =
cultivatian. It is believed that the collective of scientista at the
Institute of the Grai.n Econom~~ ahould direct the coordination of all studiea
concerned with this moat impo�,~tant problem. The development of aolonetz and
alkaline lands could provide a tremendoua increase in the production of feed
for livestock huabandry and make it possible to plant grain crops on the
best of such land.
COPYRIGHT: "Agitator Kazakhstana", No 4, 1979
1026
CSO: 1824 -
7
~'OR OFFICIA,'., USE ONLY -
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
.
;
;
~ ZMPROVED DISTRIBUTYON OF GRAIN CROPS IN KAZAKHSTAN ;
Alma-ACa SEL'SKOYE KHOZYAYSTVO KAZAKHSTANA in Ruasian No 1, Jan 79 p 20
_ ~Article by B. Kaimov and 0. Kislov, scientific workera st NIfiIPiN for ~
Gosplan of the Kazakh SSR: "Rational Distribution of Grain Cropa"]
~ i
~Text] Studies carried out by workers at the Kazakh Branch of the Scientific
Research Institute of Agricultural Economics and Organization in Northern ,
Kazakhstan have made it possible to isolate five natural-economic zonea for ~
the distribution of grain crops: I-- foreat-sCeppe, II moderately dry, '
III dry steppe, IV arid-steppe and V-- aemi-desert steppo.
Grain is produced most efficiently in zone I. This is explained mainly by
the fact that the soil here ia more fertile and a greater amount of ~
- precipitation falls in ~hi.s area. ~ ,
What crops are sown? On Che average, spring wheat occupies 81.5 percent of ,
the areas sown in grain crops in the six oblasts of northern Kazakhatan; in ~
Turgayskaya Oblast the proportion of spring wheat is 90.1 percent. It ia _
our opinion that such a structure is not altogether rational (the amounts of '
forage, feed and particularly pulse cropa are too low).
i
Analyais reveals that grain production is more profitable if the earnings
from the sale of its marketable products amount to 50-60 percent on farms
in Kokchetavakaya and Tselinogradskaya oblasts, 60-70 percent in ,
Kustanayskaya Oblast, 40-50 percent in Pavlodarskaya and Severo-
- Kazakhstanskaya oblasts and 70-80 percent in Turgayakaya Oblast. Thus a ;
. definite dependency of grain production efficiency upon the natural and
economic conditions found in a zone is revealed. A branch of KezNIIBiOSKh
developed a long-range plan for the structural use of arable land by zones
in northern Kazakhatan. Conaideration was given to the posaibility of this
plan being improved by good predeceasor arrangements for the grain crops, -
particularly clean fallow, and by the mastering of correct crop rotation i
plana .
It was deve~loped in conformity with the crop rotation plans recoamended by
VNIIZKh [All-Union Scientific Reeearch Institute of Grain Farmingj and it
8
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
FOR OFFICTAL USE ONLY
eacouragee the proper uCilization of land, iC improvea the cu~.ture of -
- farming and, even more importantly, it promotes an increase in the
= production volume and improvemenCa in the quality of all agricultural cropa. -
This derives from Che fact that the wheat will be grown following fallow and
the best predeceasor arrar~gements. In individual rayona of northern
Kazakhstan which are sub~ecC Go wind erosior~ of soil, up to 30 percent of
the arable land ah~uld be aet aside and uaed for clean fallow.
St,ructura of Future Uae of ~?rable Land by Zones of Northern Kazakhstan
- (according to dgta from a br~nch of KazNIIEiOSKh)
~1'ypes o~' Land and 5owinga Zones
I II III IV V
- Arable land (thousands of hectarea) 196.9 6684.2 9269.2 2195.2 1212.6
including g!�ain crops
(thousands of hectarea) 133.9 4354.9 6256.7 1317.1 545.6
in % of arable land 69.9 68.0 67.5 60.0 45.0
Feed crops (thousands of hectares) 23.6 768.5 6g5.2 439.1 545.7
in.% bf arable land 12.0 12.0 7.5 20.0 45.0
- Clean fallow (thous. of hectares) 59.3 1280.8 2317.5 439.0 121.3
- in % of arable land ~ 20.0 20.0 25.0 20.0 10.0 -
The recommended structure for arable land calls for a general reduction in
the feed crop areas with the deficiency in such areas being compeneated by
an expansion in the areas of radically improved meadows and pastures. This
- change is associated with the fact that the zone posaesses larga areas of
natural feed lands, with radical improvements scheduled to be carried out
- on a large portion of theae lands. Whereas the feed balance will be
regulated by means of ~adical and surface improvementa in the meadow$ and -
pasturea, an expansion in the fallow land areas will make it poasible to
raise the soil fertility and culture of farmirig and increase the productivity
of the agricultural crops.
. In addition, the peculiarities of moisture availability for the soils in
zones I and II must be taken into account. Since extensive use will be made
_ from year to year of chemical agents and measures for combating weeds, a
por.tion of the clean fallow can be used as occupied fallow. This will
_ promote a strengthening of the feed base.
A change in the atructure of use of arable land is ~ilso taking place in zone
V. Here the ratio between the grain and feed crops is the same. This is
explained by the fact that the soil is subjected to wind erosion to a
~reater degree. It is recommended that a crop rotation plan with a arrip
placement of crops be eRployed here; alternation of the grain crop a.,d
- perennial grass stripa. ,
9
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
_ i
~'OIt 0~~'ICIAL U~~ nNLY
One of the prinripal economic ic?dtceg for Che di~tribution of ehe brunches
of agriculture is the atructure of it~ grosg ouCput. Anelyeig revegls that
during the past S yeare grgin crope consCiCuCed 73 p~rc~nC on the avereg~ of
Che grose output of crop huebandry in northern tt~zakhetan~ vegetablea and
potatoee ~.4 and feed crops 17.5 p~rc~nC. Technical~ fruit and oCh~r
crope consCituted the remaining percenCage.
Onc~ of the principal r~servea for grain productidn is thaC of distribuCing
~.ta sowings on land th~t hae becn radicelly improved in terms of mor~ ferCilc
soil. According to daCa eupplied hy th~ Main Administration for I.and
MAnagement of the Miniotry of Agriculture for the Kazakh S5R, there are
more than 39 million hectares of pasture and haying, land Ch~t are euit~ble
for radical improvements in the republic. The drawing of these massiv~ Crecte
of land into economic use will make it posaible Co uCilixe each hect4re of
land in a more raCional manner and to obCain high economic reeulte. The mos~ -
productive haying and pasture lands suiCable for radical improveanents rould
be uaed fox grain feed cropa and th~ more valuable crop apring wheat
could the~n be grown on newly released areas in field crop rotation pl~ns.
(It beara menCioning thaC the plgng call for euch lands to he dev~aloped
gradually with increasing rsaulta).
- COPYRIGI~T: "5e1'akoye Khozyaystvo Kazakhstana"~ 1979
- 7026
CSO: 1824
10
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02149: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
~'Ott O~FICtAL US~ ONLY
ABSYRACY5 FROM JOURNAL 'DOKLADY VASKhNIL' NO 8~ AU~ ~'8 Pp 45�~~6
' UDC 633.11:b31.523
INHERITANCE OF PRODUCTIVITY AND GRAIN QUALITY IN SHORT-S7EMME0 NYBRIO~
OF WINTER WHEAT WITH 1RRIGATION
Moscow bOKLAOY VASKhNIL in Russian No 8~ Aug 78 pp 8-9
(Article by A. P. Orlyuk and I. Yu. Gorbatenko]
[?ext] White taking into account the variability of inherttance end the
re:ombination of quatitative i~dicators it is posstble to develop dwarf and
s~mi-dwarf hybrids characterized by a cc~~nplex of vatuabte properties and
features. Short-stemmed forms with a large potential yfeld (up to 100
quintals per hectare) and a high content of protetns and irreplaceable
' amino acids have b~en isolated.
Tables--1, bibliography--4 titles.
UDC 633�11"324":581.116
EfFECT OF TEMPERATURE CRADIENT ON INTENSITY OF TRANSPIRATION IN WINTER
IrHEAT UNDER PHYTOTHRONE CONDITIONS
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 8~ Aug 78 pp 10-1)
[Article by A. K. Lyashok]
(Text] It was demoRStrated that there was a periodicity fn the daily course
of transpiration with a negative temperature gradient of 5-7�C that was
absent with a positive or zero gradient. Moreover~ with the creatton oF such
- a gradient water consumption became more economical.
illcst~ations--1, tables--1, bibliography--3 titles.
11
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
~
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
t~OR OF1~I~IAL USL~ ONLY
, u0C 635.21:631.52
U5E OF WILD POTA70 SPECIES SOLANUM COMMERSONII dUN IN gREEDING ~
Moscow 00 KLADY VASKhNIL (n Russian No 8~ Aug y8 pp 17-19
(Article by M. A. Vavilova]
(Yext] It was determinecl that Solanum cortmer~onii breeds well with wild
diploid and hexapioid species. A description of the inter-species hybrids
that were developed fs given and their value ro breeding is shown.
Tabies--2~ bibliography--~ titles.
- uDC 633.31:575.12
POLYPLOIDY IN INTER-5PECiES CROSS BREEDING OF HE7EROPLOIDAL SP~CIES OF
ALFALFA
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 8~ Aug 78 pp 20-22
(Article by Ye. G. Chernenko~ -
(Text) This article presents the results of experiments on the development
of new stock through inter-species distant hybridization of diploid alfaifa
species from wild flora and cultivated varieties. The polyploidizatlon of
dfploid species was employed to improve the success of crossing diploid
species with tetraploid species.
Tables--4, bibliography--2 titles.
uoc 63t.432.3~
CAPILLARY METHOD OF FLUSNING SALINATED LANDS ~
Moscow OOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 8, Aug 78 pp 37-39
(Article by 5. V. Sanoyan~
[Text] A new capitlary method for flushing saline soil is described. A
system of thermodynamtcs equations is presented and the role of individual
parts of the ec,uations are evaluated on the basis of experimental data.
This can be applied practicaily when caiculating the individual parameters
of flu~hing.
Formulas--4, fllustrations--i.
COPYRIGHT: Izdatel'stvo "Kolos", "Dokiady VASKhNIL", 1978
r
a228
CSO: 1824
12
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
FOR O~~ICIAL US~ ONLY
ABSTRACTS FROM JOURNAL 'OOKLAbY VASKhNIL' NO 9~ S~P 78 PP+45-46
UDC 633.11:631.559
WINTER-HAROINESS, WATER CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF WIN7ER WNEA7 PLANTS
OF D i FfERENl' AGES
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in itussian No 9, Sep 78 pp 5-8
[Article by U. I. Bondarenko and V. G. N~sterets]
[Textj This article presents the results of experiments on the effect of
the age of winter wheat plants Bezostaya-1 and Mfronovskaya-808 0~ thei~
~ winter-hardiness~ water consumption and productivity. It was demonstrated -
that the overwintering of crops is det~rmined mainly by the conditlons of
fall vegetation and by the specfal characteristtcs of the variety. It was
determined that water consumption was most efficient whe~ the plants were
sown at the optimal time.
Tabie--4~ illustrations--1~ bibitography--6 titiles.
_ UDC 636.086:631.559
EVALUATION OF PRODUCTIVITY OF ANNUAL FEED CROPS CULTIVATEO AS BASIC AND
INTERMEDIATE CROPS
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNiL in Russian No 9, Sep 78 pp 18-20
[Article by M. i. Andrushkiv, S. V. Begey and M. S. 6ezdushnyy]
, [Text] 7he resuits of 3 years of experiments have established that i~ early
sowfng the leguminous-oats and peas-rye grass mixtures were most productive.
in sawir;g after Ki~cer crops for green feed corn and lupine were best.
Peas-sunflo+~ers and lupine-corn mixtures a~ere best for hay crops and white
mustard-peas mixtures were best for postharvest sowing.
' Tables--3.
13
FGR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
~
I
FOtt O~~YCIAL U5~ ONLY ~
~
UDC 63:528.77 ~
ANALYSIS OF MATHEMArICAL DA7A ON~MULTISPEC7RAL SCANNING OF AGRICULTURAL
CROPS 0~ TNE FERGANSKIY KEY PL07
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNiL in Russtan No 9~ Sep 78 pp 22-24 ~
_ [Article by 8. V. Vinogradov and Ye, V. Giushko]
[Text] This article analyzes the statistical distribution of the
intensities of the long-range st~~nal at different spectrt~l intervels
0.40-0.45; 0.5~~0.55; 0.60-0.68; ~nd 0.72-0.82 mkm using materials of th~
multispectral aeromagnetic suryey of a plot of irrigated land planted in
cotton, of alfatfa before'and'aftier irri~gation, and of boundary complexes.
Illustrations--1~ bibliography--5 titles.
UoC 633.11"321":631.67
- EFFEC7IVENESS OF UTILIZING IRRIGATION WATERS FOR SPRING WHEAT IN DIFfERENT
NATURAL ZONES OF THE CENTRAL REGION
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 9~ Sep 78 pp 42-4y
[Article by A. P. Demin and V. B. Mestechkin] . -
[Text] Irrigation norms for spring wheat are determined according to a
bioclimadic methodology using basic data far the years 1900-1972. The
juxtaposition of a chart on increases in grain pr~ductivity due ~o irrigation
and a chart of the optimal irrigation norms enabled the authors to draw -
conclusions concerning the more productive (by ~~D-50 percent) utilization of
irrigation water for spring wheat in the northern part of the irrigation zone
as compared with the semi-desert zone.
Illustrations--2, bibliography--6 tittes.
COPYRIGHT: izdatel'stvo "IGolos"~ "Doklady VASKhNIL"~ 1978
8228
Cso: 1824
14
_ FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
FOR QFFICIAL U5E ONLY
ABSTRACTS FROM JOURNAL 'DOKLADY VASKhNIL' NO 10~ OCT 78 PP 44-46
UDC 633.11"321":631.53.048
FORMATION OF LEAVES AND GRAINS BY SPRING WHEAT PLANTS DEPENDIN~ UPON THE
- AREA OF NUTRITION
Mascow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 10~ Oct 78 p 7
_ [Article by A. I. Barsukov]
~Text] Ex~erime~ts with spring wheat of tha average-maturation reglonalized
variety Saratovskaya-29 in Kulunda demonstrated that using SES-9 and SZS-2.1
counter-eroston sowers and decreasing the sowing rate from 4 to 2 million
germinating seeds per hectare resulted in an lncrease in the area of the
leaf of each plant and in the growth of the grain yield.
Tables--1, bibiiography--10 titles.
uDC 633.11"321"(470.40/.43)
' THE BEST SHORT-STEMMED SPRING WHEATS FROM THE VIR WORLD COLLECTION AND -
TNE POSSIBILITIES FOR INTRODUCING THEM ON iRRIGATED LANDS IN THE CENTRAL
VOLGA REGION
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 10~ Oct 78 p 9
[Article by A. M. Medv~dev]
[Text] This article presents the results of a 12-year study of 15~000
samples of spring wheat on dry-farming land and on irrigated land. Short-
stemmed, high-quality wheats that are resistant to lod~ing and to brown rust
such as Nadadores-63~ Nainari-60~ Tobari-66 and others may be used as stock
for the development of new varieties for irrigated lands. Some samples
- dependably passed on their characteristics to hybrids during cross breeding
with varieties of Volga selection.
Tables--1, illustrations--2, bibliography--2 titles.
15
_ FOR OFFICIAL USE dNLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
I
~o~ o~~zcinr, us~ ornY ~
UDC 633.1:017
THE PRINCIPLE OF COMPILING THE DETERMINAN7S OF GRASSES ACCORDING TO
PROLAMINE FORMULAS
Moscow ~OKLADY VASKhNIL in Russtan No 10~ Oct 78 p 12
[Article by P. A. Gandtlyan]
. [7ext~ 7he principle of compiling the determinants of grasses according to
prolamine formulas presented in this ~rticle reflects a new stage in the
work on the very urgent probiem of registering plant genetic resources -
according to protain for breeding and plant growing.
Tables--3, bibliography--4 titles.
UoC 633.11"324":581.144.9
DEPTN AT WHICH TILLERING NETWORK AND APICAL CONE ARE FOUND IN WINTER WHEAT _
~ PLANTS DEPENDING UPON GERMINATION CONDITIONS
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNiL in Russian No 10~ Oct 78 p 14
[Article by A. I. Mitropolenko]
[Text~ The tille ring network does not remain in an unchanged state of
converged stem nodes after the cessation of growth of the epicotyl.
Subsequentiy there fs a differentiatio~ of nodes and i~ternodes. The depth
at which the tillering network is located expands significantly and the
function of the subsurface layer of soil decreases~ especially in early crops.
Tables--2, bibliography--6 titles.
UDC 626.8:631.4
USE OF MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR PREDICTING THE EFFECT OF HYDROTECNNICAL
AMELIORATION ON SOIL MOISTURE
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 10, Oct 78 p 17 ~
[Articie be T. A. Rumanova, G. A. Pisetskiy, T. N. Puchkareva and
Zh. A. Kapilevich]
[Text) On the tiasis of a determinatfon of quantitative paramete~s of moisture
in the sandy soil of the Belorussian Poles'ye and of the established typical
combinations of soil varieties creating a quasi-balanced natural system a
series of mathematical equations were developed to characterize the distribution
of moisture withfn such a system and its ties with the dep~h of ground waters.
A functional mathematical model of soil combinations was created and a
computer program was elaborated.
Tables--2, illustrations bi~rliography--6 titles.
16
FOR OPFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
FOtt O~~ICTAL U5~ ONLY
U~c 664,727:632.954
TNE BIOLOGICAL VALUE OF GRAIN CULTIVATED WI7H THE USE OF ;~~RBICIDES
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 10~ Oct 78 p 20
(Article by M. S. Raskln~ N. G. Mirolyubov, and A. V. Fomin]
~Text] ';his articie shows that the use of herbicides in the recommended
doses has a conslderabla effect on the composition of amino acids durtng
- the vegetative period within the lfmits of a''normal" metabotic reaction. -
7his is confirmsd by the production of a harvest with an unchanged chemical
composition and without residual quantities of preparations used. In tests
in which the grain was fed to rats the authors noted that less grain than
was cultivated with the use of herbtcid~s was eaten.
Iitustrations--1, bibliography--5 titles. _
U~C 63-.2:636.085.57+b37.323 -
EFFECT OF GRASS MEAL IN 7HE RATIONS OF DAIRY CATTLE ON THE PRODUCTION PROCESS AND _
QUALITY OF KOSTROMA CNEESE
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 10, Oct 78 p 23
. (Article by N. I. Kleymenov and V. I. Skobelev~
[7ext] An experiment was conducted on the effect of various doses of grass
meal instead of mixed fodder in the ration~ of dairy cows on the production
process and qualtty of ICflstroma cheese. It was found that there was 2
prevailing development of an aromatic microflora~ an increase in vitamin A
and an insigniflcant increase in the pace of sour-milk fe rn~er~tation in
samples of cheese processed from the milk of caws that were fed rations
containing grass meal.
Tables-1~ illustrations--1.
UoC 636.2:636.084
MANAGEMENT OF THE PROCESSES OF DIGESTING NUTRITIVE SUBSTANCES DURING THE
INTENSIVE FATTENING OF YOUNG BULLS WITH FULL-RATION MIXTURES
f
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 10, Oct 78 p 28
[Article by A. Z. Stolyarchukj
[Text] This articie develops the composition of dry fult-ration feed
mixturES. Feeding them to feeder cattle encourages the maximal use of
production wastes~(straw~ pulp, poultry litter) to effect a high intensity
17
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
~
~Ott O~~ICIAL US~ OtiLY -
of growth in animals and a good quality beef.
- ~ -
Tables--3~ bibltography--7 titles.
uDC 636.2:636.081
USE OF COW5'ONCE 70 INC~~ASE BEEF r~tODUC?ION
Mnscow DOKLADY VA5KhNIL in Russian No 10, Oct 78 p 30
' (ArCicie by G. S. Azarov and B. M. Gutsunayev] -
[Text) The use of non-re~lacement Simmental heifers for the one-tlme _
production of catves enables us to increase meat resources notjceably.
The article presents the technology of this method~ the indicators on the
productivity of cows and thetr progeny and the economic effectiveness.
Tables--3.
COPYRIGHT: Izdatel'stvo "Kolos"~ "Doklady VASKhNIL"~ 1978
8228
~ Gso: 1824
?
- 18
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
- ~Oit O~~ICIA1, US~ ONLY
~ ABStRAC7S FROM JOURNAL 'DOKLADY VASKhNIL' NO 11~ NOV 78 p 45
UoC 633.11:581.16/
COMBINA'TIONAL CAPABILITY OF VARIE7IES OF SPRING WHEAT IN GRAIN S12E
UNDER CONDI710NS ~X15TING IN WES7ERN S19ERIA
Moscnw DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 11~ Nov 78 pp 1-3
[Articte by R. A. 7si1'ke and 0. T. Kachur] ~
[Text] This article demonstrates that the total combinational capability
of varieties in batches of 1~000 seeds is exhibited with relative stability
for varying vegetative condttions and various densities of the cro~ stand.
It was established that the new variety Grekum-114 is charactertzed by
the highest and most relatively stabie OKS [totai combinational capability~.
1'ables--2, bibliography--6 titles.
uDC b33.11"324":631.527.823
~ ?~E ACCELERATED DEVELOPMENT OF WINTER WNEAT AS AFFECTED BY ORGANIC ACID. .
TREATMENT OF SPROU7S DURING VERNALiZATION
Mos~:ow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No il, Nov 78 pp 3-6
~Articie by V. 1. Babenko~ S. V. Biryukov and V. P. Komarova~
~Text~ It is possible to produce spiking crops 72-75 days after the ge~mination
of seeds by using solutions of organic acids as a nutritive substrata during
the 25-day vernalization in light of 5-day old winter wheat shoots. The
- utilization of this method under artificial-climate conditions encourages
the production of three ytelds of winter wheat in the course of the year.
Tables--2, bibliography--11 tities.
19
FOR OFFICIAL USB ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
.
- ~ FOR O~FICIAL US~ ONLY ~
i
UDC 633.11"32~+":631.55 '
~
~ EFFECT OF THE LODGING OF WINTER WHEA7 CROPS ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF ~
GRAIN IN 7H~ :UKRAINIAN FORES1'-STEPPE REGION ~
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNII in Russlan No 11~ Nov 78 pp 6-8
;
~Arttcle by G. M. Kovbasenko and N. I. Blokhin] I
i
[TextJ ndtthesoutrutlofhflourafallgsharply aseapresult, frtherlodging ofe I~
orain a p ~
crops during the phase of milky ripeness. ,
i
Tabies--3~ bibliography--4 titles. I
UDC 631.67:632.935 j
~ i
AUTOMATED INTRA-SOIL IRRIGATION AS A MEANS OF COMBATTING COTTON WILT i
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No il~ Nov 78 pp 13-14 ~
i
[Article by S. V. Nerpin, L. N. ~,~tepanov and T. Kh. Khudoyerov] -
[7ext] Vegetative and field experiments have demonstrated that with intra- ;
soil irrigation a complex of conditions are created that are unfavorable for ~
the development of the pathogenic organisms causing wilt. ~
~
Tables--2, bibliography--8 tittes. ~ ~
uoc 631�585:551�521�1 ;
I
UTILIZATION OF SOLAR ENERGY BY HAY LANDS AND PASTURES IN THE NON-BLACK
EARTH REGION
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No il, Nov 78 p 5 ~
~
'[Article by N. G. Andreyev and V. V. Kolomeychenko] -
[Text] In the southern half of the Non-Btack Eart1~ Region of the RSFSR i_
the feed lands are basically eroded ravine-bog meadows. Their productivity ~
is extremely low--3-4 quintals of feed units per hectare, and the coefficient
of utilization of photosynthettc active radiation (FAR) equals only 0.1-0.2 ,
- percent. The replacement of the natural phytocoenosis with awnless brome .
grass and the.optimal doses of mineral fertilizers enabled the authars to
produce 95�3 quintals of hay per hectare on the same mesdows on the average ,
for 1971'1976 and to raise the KPD of FAR consumption to 1.81 percent. ~
Tables--1, bibliography--11 titles. ~
COPYRIGHT: Izdatel'stvo "Kolos"~ "Doklady VASKhNIL"~ 1978
~
B~Za 20
CS~J : 1824
_ FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY ,
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
FOR 0~'~ICIAL USE ONLY
ABSTRACTS FROM JOURNAL 'DOKLADY VASKhNIL' NO 12, DEC 78 PP 38-39
UDC 633.22"324":632.111
THE EFFECT OF LOW AND HIGH TEMPERA7U~ES DURING SPRING ON TNE LENGTH OF
THE VEGETATIVE PERIOD AND THE YIELD 0~ WIN7~R WHEAT -
_ Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNiL in Russian No 12, Dec 78 pp 1-3
[Article by A. I. Korovin and G. I. Kozlov]
[Text] The effect of low or high temperatures on new vegetation 1n winter
wheat is evident as soon as 5 days after the start of the action. Low
= te~^~eratures lengthen the vegetative period and raise the yield and high
temperatures shorten the vegetative period and lower tha yield. The
positive effect of l~w temperatures and the negative effect of high
temperatures is greater'on the yield of graih than on that of straw.
Tables--3, bibliography--6 titles. .
uDC 636.086.15:631.8
TNE EFFECT OF TNE AREA ~G NUTRITION ANO THE FERTILIZER BACKGROUND ON THE
QUALiTY OF GREEN MASS OF CORN UNDER CONDITION5 EXISTING IN SIBERIA
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 12~ Dec 78 pp 6-7
[Article by A. I. Vasii'yev]
(Text] This article demonstrates that with a decrease in th~ area of
nutrttion the output of feed units and digestible protein per hectare
increases. The provision of 1 feed unit with digestible protein decreases
and as a result the green mass is not balanced in protein content.
21 ~
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
� v~~ ~ra i a.u.~.~~a~ vuu v?~u ~ �
. UDC 6~3�12:631.527�3
THE DEVELOPMENT OF STOCK IN 7HE BREEDING OF BUCKWHEAT FOR 'fHE PR,ODUCTIQN
OF NECTAR
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 12~ Dec 78 pp 7-9
~(Article by G. V, Kopel'kievskiy~ Ye. G. Chepik]
[Text] It has been determined that buckwheat plants that hav~ been selected _
by means of the freezing of shoots and on the basis of the degree of -
development of the root system devalop more intensively and surpass the
parent form in height, the number of blooms and the area of the leaf surface. ,
. In addition, the basic indicators of buckwheat prod uctivity--the nectarousness
- of the flowers, the nectar productivity and the plant yield--rose reliably
in the selected plants in com~arison ta the parent forms.
Tables--2, bibliography--5 titles.
~ uDC 633.26/29:636.085.2 -
� THE CONTENT OF ENERGY ANQ PROTElN IN GRASS AND ITS CORRESPONDENCE TO T HE
~ NEEDS Or' A HIGHLY PRODUCTIVE DAIRY HERD .
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 12, Dec 78 pp 14-16
[Article by Kh. M. Older] _
[Text] The energy and protein content of cerea) grasses and leguminous-
cer~al grass mixtures were studied. It was determined that the concentration
of exchange energy in grasses depends primari ly upon the phase of thei r
development and their variety. The protein requirements of dairy cattle
are satisfied if the grasses are harvested during the booting phase (with
a moderate dose of fertilizer) or at the beginning of the tillering phase =
(with ahhign dose). It is important to cut clover before it blooms.
Tables--3, bibliography--6 titles. .
UDC 636.2:637.127+637.323 ~
THE COMPOSITION OF MILK Hi~^ OUALITY OF CHEESE DEPENUIN^~ UPON TNE BIRTHIN~
SEASON OF COWS ~
Moscow ~OKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 12, Dec 78 pp 23-24
[Article by B. F. Galat~
[Text] When lactating cows of the Simmenthal breed were fed various.feeds -
that were of full-value for ail nutritive and mineral substances under
normal conditions of upkeep, the birthing season did not have any _
significant effect on the milk and its technical praperties. The cheese
produced from the milk af cows that bore their young at different periods
of the year was evaluated'a~ being of high quality.
Tables--l, bibliography--3 titles.
22 _
_ FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
~
- ~ i~ :
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY -
- uDC 631.354.2(~70.2)
~
TESTING OF WORKING PARTS OF GRAIN-HARVESTING COMBINES FOR 7HE NON-BLACK
ERRTH REGION OF THE RSFSR
Moscow DOKL~DY VASKhNIL in Russian No 12, Dec 78 pp 30-32
- [Article by V. G. Antipin]
_ [Text] This article presents the results of theorectical studies and
, experimental research on the specia) working parts and attachments of grain-
' harvesting combines which it would be expedient to utilize for modifications
in the grain-harvesting combine fo'r the Non-Black Earth Region of the
- ~4SFSR.
Formulas--9, bibliography--3 titles. ~
uDC 631,585:631.84
EFFECTIVENESS OF DOSES OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER DURING THE INTENSIVE USE OF
FLOOD-PLAIN HAYLANDS
_ Moscow DOKLADY VASKhIdIL in Russian No 12, Dec 78 pp 33-34
~ [Article by I. P. Takunov]
_ [Text] This article presents the results of experiments o~ the effect of
various doses of nitrogen fertilizers and irrigation on the oroductivity of
natural grass stands in flood-plain haylands during the seca~r,d, third and
. fourth harvests. The greatest effectlvene~ss of nitrogen fertilizers was
demonstrated when the haylands were harvested three times.
Tables--2, bibliography--2 titles. .
- COPYRIGHT: Izdatel'stvo "Kolos", "Doklady VASKhNIL", 1978
8228
- CSO ; 1824 ~
~
23
- FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY ~
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
~'Oit O~~ICIAL U5~ dtv'LY
ABS'tRACTS FROM JOURNAL ' DOKLADY VASKhN I L' NO 1~ J1~t 79 ~p 46-48
UDC 632.93:632.7
ON 7NE PHYSICAL-BIOCHEMICAL EVALUAYION 0~ THE DANGERS QF CEREAL ~I.IES
Moscow OOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 1~ Jan 79 pp 13-14
~Artlcle by P. I. Susidko~ V. N. Pisarenko and N. Sh. Vygonneye~
(Text~ It was determined that the infestation of winter a:heat with the
larva of cereal fties has a signifitiant effect on the nature of the
synthesis and breakdown of plastic substances in the plar~ts. The clamage
thresholds of cereal flies are not the same for piants of different
verieties of winter wheat.
Tables--2.
UDC 631.42:577.17.049
TNE CONTENT OF MICROELEMENTS IN IRRIGATED MEADOW.SOILS OF THE CEN7RAL
AMUDAR'YE CURRENTS
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 1, Jan 79 pp 15-16
[Article by I. S. Rabochev and L. 6. Ibragimovaj
[Text] A study was made of the content of zinc~ copper and m~nganese in
meadows soils irrigated at vartous times i~ the past and of silt f ractions
from them. The gross zinc and coppe~ content in irrigated meadow soiis
is above the clarke; the manganese--below. The content of microete+nents i~
the siit fractian is higher than in the soil.
Tables--2~ bibliography--6 titles.
24
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
~dx ~~~tcinr, us~ ~NLY
UOC 636,2:637.yi7,2
~E~F QUAL11'Y IN VARIOUS CA?EGORIE5 OF CATTLC
Mnseow dOKLAbY VASKhNIL fn Russfan No 1~ Jan 79 pp 29`3)
~Arti~le by 0. L. Lev~ntin ~nd A. I. Mglinets]
[Text~ It w~s det~rmined that the hydroth~rmal resistenc~ of cnllagen in eh~
meat of adult cattie is twice as great as in th~ meat of caives. The apttma)
indic~tors of ineat productivity and th~ meat quality of calv~s ere -
presented. It is shown that th~ meat of non-testrated bulls dtffers fran
the me~t of cestrated bulls in its structural and mechanicel properties.
Tebles--1, bibiiogra~hy--y tftle~.
UDC 628.322
tHEORETICAL BASES FOR THE PROCESS Of THERMAL PURI~'ICATiON Of' WASYE WA'~ER5
Mascow DOK~.ADY VASKhNIL in Russian No I~ Jan a9 pp 34-36
[Articfe by V. A. Kokurin~ 1. A. 8akulov and V. M. Kotlyarov~ -
(TexcJ A heat-balance equation was used to determine the laws of temperatu~e
changes during the sterilization of liquids. Six basic sta~ges in tht
purification process were established. A fo rmula wes develo,ped enabling
the authors to determine the time nec~ssary for hedting the liquid to the
tempereture that inactivated che microorganisms.
' Formulas--17~ bibliography--~ titles..
uoc 63's.15:58~.167
THE CROSS-BREEDING OF CORN AND THEOSYNTH
Mcscaw DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 1~ Jan 79 pP 34-36 -
(Article by A. P. Podoi'skaya~
(Textj This article presents the results of the cross-breeding of theosynth
with various tines and varieties of poppi~g corn prevfously isolated as
homo2ygotes according to varfous all~les of the gametophytic facto~ of the -
fourth ~hromosome. Theosynth was used as a pollen donor in cross-breeding.
It was foU~d that ft was completely compatible with the lines and varieties -
of popping cor~ regardless of its origin and genotype according to the
Ga-factor of the fourth chromosome.
Tables--l~ bibliography--3 tftles.
25
FOR OFFICIkI. USE ONLY -
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
~dEt d~~ICIAL US~ dNL'Y
UbC 631.626.3
- ?NE SOiL ~RODUCTIVITY ME7NOD 0~ OETERMINING THE 015YANC~ gETW~EN DRAINS
Mostow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in ~ussian No 1~ Jan 79 pp 44-46
0
(Article by E. A. Soovik~
(T~xt~ This artici~ recommends a new sail-productivity m~thod for
determining the distances between ceramic drains"E"used to drain boggy
, soils. Data covering a 6-y~ar p~riod is pr~s~nted and deals with the
effect the distance between dr~ins has on the productivtty of field crnps.
A nomogram if pr~sented bas~d on this data for the practical determtnation
of "E" under conditidns existing in th~ Estonian SSR end also based on
, the fittration coeffictent, the gieixation index end the d~pth at which the
drains are piaced.
Tables--1~ formulas--1~ illustration--1, bibllography--6 titles.
COPYRIGHT: Itdatel'stvo "IGolos"~ "Dokl~dy VASKhNIL"~ 1979
8228
CsO: 1824
2tS
FOR OFFICIAL USB ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
~l~tt tl~~tClAt, U5~ ONLY
ABSTRACTS FROM JOURNAL 'DOKLADY VASKhNIL' NO 2~ ~~g ~9 ~p 46-48
uoC 633�11"324+321"
THE TRANSFORMATION OF WINTER-~LOWERING TO SPRING-FLOWERING AS A METNOD 0~
DEVELOPING NIGNLY PaODUCYIVE VARIETIES OF S~RING aHEA7
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russtan No 2~ Feb ?9 pp 3-6
(Articie by V. I. Giushchenko~ -
(Text] Thls article shows that the essence of the transformetion of wtnter-
flowering to spring-flow~ring is an alteration of genetically-based
physiologicel-biochemical processes that dete rnrine the pace of development.
A method of cross-breeding spring whaat from winter wheat using experimental
environmental conditions has been deveioped. The measured amount of tnitiai
- vernalizatlon differs for various varieties. With the developne~t of parent
breeding material th rough the method of transformation of the developm~entel
rhythm there is no free redistribution of discrete fixed genettc characteristics.
Tables--2, bibliography--3 titles.
uDC 533.11(470.4)
SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF DROUGHT-RESISTANCE IN SPRING I~MEAT UNDER
TNE CONOITIONS EXISTING IN THE VOLGA REGION
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNIL fn Russian no 2~ Feb 79 pp 6-8
(A~ticle by V. F. Oorofeyev~ A. M. Medvedev and I. I. Razumova]
(Text] An evaluation was made of the drought res(stance of a number of
varieties of spring soft ~nd hard wheats according to the permeability of
the protoplasm using an electrolytic method and the water-retention
capability of the leaves during wiiting. Sart~ples were isolated to be used
as parent material for the development of drought-resistant varieties of
the intensive type.
Tables--2, bibliography--9 titles.
27
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
_ _
. ,
t~Ott 0~'~ICIAL US~ ONLY ~
UDC 633,y11:546.135~546.46 -
YN~ E~FEC"~ OF DE~OLIANY5 ON 7HE O~ENING 0~ C07YON 80LLS
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russtan No 2~ ~eb ~9 p 9
(Article by A. Zhurakulov and 1. Imam~lfyev] ~
(7ext~ It was determined thet d~foliants had various effecrs on the opening -
of cotton bo11s of the 7ashkent-1~ 7ashkent-3 and 7ashkent-4 varieties ~
according to the time of treatment. The optimai tim~ to defoliete these ~
cotton varieties is the period when from 2-3 to 3-4 bolls are op~ning up
on the plant.
Tables--1~ bibitography--4 tittes.
UDC 633.511:631.675
THE REACTION OF RADIATIVE COTTON VARIETIES ON TH~ WATEa REGIMENT -
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 2, Feb 79 pp 10-12
� .
~ (Article by N. N. Nazirov and G. Satipov]
(Text] On serozem soils where ground wa~ers are relatively close the
optimal water regiment for radiative variettes is a vegetative irrigation
scheme of 0-3-1 with the first irrigation scheduled for the beginning of
blooming phase. For the industrial variety Tashkent-i the corresponding
scheme is 1-3-1 with the first irrigation scheduies for the appearance o~
4-5 rea) leaves. Among the new varieties the most promisie~g turned out
to be AN�402 and AN-408.
~ Tables--2, bibliography--5 titles.
uDC 633.11:628.93
ON THE SENSITIVITY OF MEXICAN WHEATS TO TNE EFFECT OF THE PHOTOPERIOD
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 2~ Feb 79 pp 15-16
[Article by R. S. Limar']
[Text] It was noted that Mexican wheats thrfve on long days and form ears
better under natural-lighting conditions. Under the conditions of a 10-12
hc~r day ear-formation was held back, but not uniformly. The photoperiodic
~ sensitivity of plants changes according ta weather conditions.
Ta d es--1~ bibliography--6 titles.
28
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
~ ~OEt O~F~CIAL USb ONLY
uDC 633,4g1:y51.524.37
THE D~G~~~ OF bAMAGE TO POTA~'0 HAULM DEPENbING UPON TNE D~GRE~ OF FR057
Moscnw DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 2~ F~b 79 pp 24-25
~ (ArtiCte by V. P. Omitriy~ev]
_ (Text] The fncreas~d degr~~ of damage to potato haulm during intensified
artiflcial frosts ts graphically approximated by the logistical function.
The pararr~ters that determin~ the siope and point of reversal of the logistical
ltne of r~gression refi~ct five types of functions of haulm damage as a
resutt of the intensity of frost. Resistant spe~~es of potatoes differ
from non-resistant species by the parameters and the slope of the line of
reflression.
7abl~s--1~ illustrations--i~ bibliography--6 titles.
UDC 631.372:65.011.4
THE EFFEC7 OF 7HE RESILIENT DRIVE OF THE FRONT WHEELS OF A 7RACTOR ON
- THE QUALITY 0~ AGRICULTURAL OPERA710NS
Moscow DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 2~ Feb 79 Pp 38-39
[Article by T. I. Makarova)
(Text~ Resilient drive raises the effectiveness of the operation of wheeled _
tractors--the loading regiment is stabilized~ there is a reduction in the
fluctur,tion of the forward movement of the unit and the slipping of the
propelling agent decreases.
Illustrations--3. '
COPYRIGHT: Izdatel'stvo "Kolos"~ "Doklady VA~SKhNII"~ 1979
8228
CSO: 1824
29
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY `
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100054443-8
~
~OR O~FIC~AL US~ ONLY
A.
ABS7RACTS FROM JOURNAL 'DOKLADY VASKhNIL' NO 3, t~AK 7g p q6
uoc 633.11:631.527
IMPROVING TNE METNODS OF EVALUAYING GRAIN QUALI7Y FOR TNE BREEDIN~ OF
SOFT WHEAT IN TME USSR AND ChSSR
Moscaw DOKLADY VASKhNIL in Russian No 3, Mar 79 p 46
- (Arttcle by A. A. Sozinov~ M. G. Parfent'yev and V. Nemats]
[Text~ During the first decisive stages of selectfon it is posstble to
evaluate the weight of 100 seeds~ the hardness of the seed~ its form and
protein content, to determine the amound of ~edimentation and to obtain a
mixogram. A bread-baking test and other complicated tests can be mede
only at th~ final stages of breedinq and during the fina~ evaluation of
promising varteties.
7ables--5~ bibliography--3 titles.
COPYRIGHT: Izdatel'stvo "Kolos", "Doklady VASKhNIL"~ 1979
8228 ~
CSO: 1824
END
30
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100050043-8