THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY IN RUMANIA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00457R008300720002-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 8
• Document Creation Date: December 27, 2016
• Document Release Date: December 5, 2012
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: August 16, 1951
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/12/05: CIA-RDP82-00457R008300720002-3
-. ~U UK1IY -INFQRI'IpATIot
(..101UN.T RYi
SUBJECT
PLACE
ACQUIRED
DATE OF
IMP
CLASSIFICATION 5
CCNTR,AL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
INFORMATION REPORT
[;,ATE UISTR..
EtrnaaL r
The Petroleum Industry in Rumania Nil. OF PAGES
IC a 'zt r 19,51..
50X1-HUM
8
ZONFIDE 7:
NO. OF ENCLS.
TI7Pii riOCD11EliT CONTAig6111P0419ATIOI A7tSECT1(sc Th ?M1OUAL DrV $T.
OS 1'rlis DCIITIJD 1~TAtt0 WRDIM T TE ?2A1t1We or TKA tsPIONAot ACT so
ap n~ o st "D 32, q , I d M 1 A ICd A AKY M A fi l l i M TO A KAVTM2EXt73 PYlx ttSooi t9ZOH0-
gmO1FffiD OT LAW MPBODUCTIO14 or THIS Vona 3S,wale'no,
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
50X1-HUM
Percentage of Rumanian petroleum products allocated
to internal consumption.
50X1-HUM
25 to 35 percent of the entire
production of the industry was being utilized for internal
purposes. the estimated .figure of three and or 50X1-HUM
half million tons as the composite annual production
for l9b7., emphasizing that because of increasing
obsolescence of equipment the production figure t
fallen off radically singe then For example
a single refinery at Ploesti (the Orion Re.iinery oY
the Unirea Con) had a capacity of 29800 tons daily in
1917 and that this figure had now dwindled to 1,650 ton-
daily, the maximum. capacity of the
daily.
refineries is the proces ng of a theoretical 109000 tons
of crude oil daily, but this figure is optimum, 50X1-HUM
and has not been obtained for a number of years.
etrolcu a products Yining stockpiled in Rumania for
military use products, and locations where
stockpiled0 50X1-HUM
50X1-HUM
approximately 800
of etroleuzm roduc s were consumed b the Rumanian
t
p
o
ns P
50X1-HUM
9 195(}lbases on del,:iverie
A in 19
.
"'V
istade to the Army ag: inst official receipts.
Since the maximum octane content refined in Rumania is 50X1 -HUM
72 percent, for internal military aviation
purposesh, this fuel is mixed with imported gasoline and
ethyl.
NTIAL
NFID
C
CLASSIFICATION
Amy ~ ~: PSRWY' ~8ls_g
-,AIR Wv., Y
E
O
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/12/05: CIA-RDP82-00457R008300720002-3
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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
there were large underground storage
reservoirs of aviation f u e l at S t a l i n ( Brasov) to
Transylvania
their capacity
50X1-HUM
50X1-HUM
50X1-HUM
50X1-HUM
ranged as high as 30,000 tons* per reservoiro
Monthly production of crude petroleum in Rumanian
fields as listed.
Monthly production in the fields
Arbanasi
40 Wag ox
70 kmo distance to Ploesti,
Baicoi
100 Wag,
18 kma distance to Ploestio
Berea
60 Wag,
70 km. distance to Ploest o
Bustenari
10 W?ag.
40 km. distance to Ploesti o
Borden.
10 Wag.
42 kma distance to Ploestio
Camping
10 Wag.
30 kmo distance to Ploestio
Lilieeti
160 Wag.
12 Ion, distance to Ploestio
Tintea
300 Wag.
12 kego distance to Ploest o
Ochiuri
60 Wag.
60 km. distance to PloestL,
Gorgota
20 Wags
60 kmo distance to Ploesti.
Moroni
100 wago
32 Isma distance to Ploestio
aura
Ocnitei
200 Wago
38 km. distance to Ploesti.
Tois
30 Wag*
60 km. distance to Ploesti.
Vales
Voevosi
20 Wag,
55 km. distance to Ploesti,
Ceptura
50 Wag.
40 kmo distance to Ploestio
Carnaneati
3?4 Wag.
Near Bacsu (Moldova)
(z) 1 Wagons 10,000 kilograms.
refineries presently operating and capacity of each.
percentage of capacity refineries working,,
In Ploesti there are nine refineriess
Astra-Homano Noo 1
Romano-Americans No. 2 Tebojen
Orion No.5
all kinds of oils,
Unirea No. 5
Yenta
Standard Sovrompetrol
Colombia Sovrmpetrol
Frati a
Vega Sovrompetrol
In addition to these there exists
1. Dacia - Romano
2. Redeventa
3. Kronstadt?Vacuum Oil
Lubricating Oil only
I. Ramnicul - Sarat
5o Campiana
6o Tasgovistc-Cufu
7. Brassii (Credit Mincer)
2aci Worked
320 Wag. -21s H o 240 Wag.
260 Wag.-216 H. 140 Wag.
210 Wag.-24 H. 30 Wag.
180 Wago?214 Ho
30 Wag 040 214 H.
80 Wag. 2h Ho
120 Wag.-24 Ho
25 Wago-21. H.
60 Wag.
80 Wag.
180 Wag. -24 H. 120 Wag.
dismantled
30 Wag..211 H.
25 Wag, Ho 10 Wago
25 wag.-24 H. 10-15 Wag.
250 Wago'2h B. 50 Wag.
20 Wag.-21 Ho
250 Wag.-24 Ho 201 Wag.
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/12/05: CIA-RDP82-00457R008300720002-3
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SECRET/CONTROL U oS o OFFI CIAW ONLY
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
m3?
Estimate of quantities of petroleum products ship ed
monthly to USSR by pipe-line, tank and trains Quantities
50X1-HUM
of petroleum products shipped to other satellites.
50X1-HUM
approximately two-thirds of the
annual production Is shipped to the satellite countries
and Russia, principally to the fon ero no 50X1-HUM
specific figures all crude oil reached the
a 1elds, andi,no
:Lrum Q, f __
refiner 9.es by pipe-lane
other method of transportation was used In regards to 50X1-HUM
transportation of petroleum products to Russia and
satellites the following informations 50X1-HUM
ao By tanker from Russia through the Sulina Canal to
Rena. (near palatal.). At Reid one from Pla facilit6v
to Beni:
for tanker loadings PiPe"
is "the most important sin le 50X1-HUM
charnnel" for products exported to Russiso
b. By pipe"line from Ploesti RuseaG production
n heDanube- E most, of the d Danube 50X1 -HUM
for the satellite countries was shipped b
tankers from this port.
co An unestimated number (perhaps as high as five) pipe
lines carry diverse products from Ploesti to Conatantaj
one or two of
lothese are aded laid for general At o~ t+mita
products are
d Transportation by rail is described as negligible,
and confined to "special products" in infinitesimally
small qua ntiti.eso
Rumanian requirements for equipment, et ceterso
50X1-HUM
the needs of the R+n~an oil industry
urgent and desperate in technical equipments building
materials, et cetera. Deterioration and obsolescence 50X1 -HUM
have interfered seriously with the effective operation
of the various facilities and ~e
inefficiency and poor planning in jeopardized industry productions 150X1-HUM
nationalization have further e the op
Insufficient glass, cement, steel and machinery are at
hand and inadequate transportation facilities even for
wood, which material is available in sufficient quantity.
The single advantage of nationalization
has been in the control of transportation and 50X1-HUM
greater efficiency of pipe-line useo With very ?little
now pipeline material coma into the coven "a little from
Poland and Czechoslovaki.s", throu9h50X1-HUM
nationalization and consolidation of acs. a number
of pipe-lines have been dismantled and the material used
for the construction of new lineso In theory Romania can
manufacture and construct new pipe-lines utilizing domestic
material and production facilit esabrutgmaterial
tiho es
and deficiencies in machinery
production to a standstill.
All importation of materials and equipment for the oil
industry is controlled by NasinimP. ox't, the general state
agency for the importation of all technical materials for
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CENTRAL INTELLIG1NCE AGENCY
?4-
industriSl use, there is no 50X1-HUM
private importing whatever, and the material brought
in for the petroleum industry was an handled through a
special division of Masinimporta
Basically, equipment and material imported is being
paid for in products exported. (No details)
The inaw ity to secure vital equipment and material
from abroad has curtailed production to the extent that 50X1-HUM
the entire production of the. industry
Now refineries built and improvements in existing 50X1-HUM
facilitieso
diminishing re o
in 1950 not to have exceeded 60 percent of the figure 50X1-HUM
for 1939, this is a constantly
50X1-HUM
no new refineries whatever are being
built nor is it possible under present circumstances to
plan or contemplate new construction., There is a constant
effort being made to repair existi facilities. Many of the
facilities are 20 to 30 years old. in 1950
alone approximately 1,800 tons were lost a e argeet50X1-HUM
refinery in Ploesti through the poor condition of pipe
lines, In 1949 the PloestL"Conatanta pipe-line broke
down with large losses. Sabotage was declared and the
technical directors Engineer Heimann, was imprisoned for
six months following a public trial His assistant, 50X1 -HUM
WiwowelW was given a term of five years :Lmprisonmento
sabotage was not involved but 7___\the
pipe-line deteriorated through "eweating''a that inferior
Russian material had been utilized and was *unsupported"
at critical places in the pipe-lino
New drilling projects are being undertaken constantly with
antiquated drilling apparatus. There has been no opportunity
I'll !~F equipment,
to im ort the _ most modern drt..lli.
no Russian technicians are participating in drilling 50X1-HUM
projectso 50X1-HUM
Security controls in and anti.-aircraft protection for oil
fields and refineries, 50X1-HUM
any one of these areas.
a drilling50X1-HUM
was undertaken at I sat, Arses and Arad, without success in
the basic security precautions at Ploesti
are carried out by the Securitate, the regular security
organisation; security officials wear plain clothes and
are all Party members there is no security personnel
in uniform and there are no special security units5OX1-HUM
the refinerieao
Military personnel stationed at Ploeett include Militia
and artillery units infantry units (7 and 32 Regiments),
a cavalry unit (14 Regiment) and an indeterminate number
of Russian troops quartered in Rumanian barrackso
1the total strength of the military at
oesti ,000[maximum arrives at 50X1-HUM
P'l
y the receipts for petroleum products delivered
L
to the units stationed there.
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/12/05: CIA-RDP82-00457R008300720002-3
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/12/05: CIA-RDP82-00457R008300720002-3
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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
Anti-Aircraft
t h e r e a r e some new installations
at Ploesti since World War II 50X1-HUM
seen three new guns
mounted at a distance of approximately 100 meters from
Refinery No. 1, F- I the anti-aircraft 50X1-HUM
installations on the Ploesti-Bucharest route, mounted be-
tween the road and the railroad line, which roughly
parallel each other, are exceedingly strong and highly
concentrated,
Full description of all existing Rumanian pipe-lineso
In addition to the pipe-lines described above `50X1-HUM
there are pipe-lines laid to Ploesti from the fields at
Baicci, Tintea, Ours, Ocnitei, Captura, Bussu, Bustenari,
Berea, Arbanasi, Glodeni, Liliestio As stated above, these
pipe-lines are utilised for the entire transportation of
crude oil from the fields to the refineries and no other
mode of transportation is utilized,
50X1-HUM
on the route from Ploesti et cetera
terminating at either Odessa or Kiev?
50X1-HUM
no pipe-line has
been built.
Details in regards to the organization of Rirnanian oil 50X1-HUM
industry and personalities in this industry,
The nationalized petroleum industry of Rumania is presently
controlled by two major combines, Sovrompetrol and Centrals
Muntenia, The latter organization is under the direction
of the Ministry of Petroleum and Mines, there being a sub-
Ministry for Petroleum, Twenty-two individual companies,
formerly under private ownership, were merged at the
time of nationalization in 19118 into Centrals, Muntenia,
with an aggregate capitalization of 1.0 million pound aterlingo
Of these 22 companies the names of= 13,
enumerated as follows
Unirea, (formerly Phoenix Oil Coo)
Astra Romans
Daci a Rama
Niculescu Ciufu
Steaus Roaaana
Xenia
Redeventa
Star Naphta
Vacuum Oil Co.
Dacia Petrolifera
Venus
Petrolul Bucuresti
Prahovao
Sovroaapetrol comprises the followings
Colombia
Concordia
Creditul Mi.nier
Continental Oil,
the Sovranpetrol organization did not
fall under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Petroleum
and Mines,
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SECRET/CONTROL - U.S. OFFICIALS ONL!
CENTRAL INTELLIGI iCE AGENCY
.=6m
there are three separate
organisations involved in the exports import and
sales aspects of the industry. These are& Competrol
(for sales and domestic transactions) Petrolexport
(for export of petroleum products) and Masinimport
(division of; for import of equipment and material),
The following personalities
1. General Director of Sovrompetrola a Russian
2. Anatol Miljutins director of prospecting and
drilling, Sovrompetrol 19148 - 19SO, Rumanian
citizen of Russian origin; subsequently imprisoned.
De Bies Rumanian citizen chief 50X1-HUM
chemical engineers Sovrcmpetrolo
bo Gotcu, Rumanian citizen of Rumanian origins chemical
engineer and director of laboratoriess Sovrcmpetrol.
5. Horatio Iancu Rumanian Party members
director of the Department of Dril ng, Ministry of 50X1-HUM
Petroleum and Mines, recently replaced by a mechanic.
a former machinists as Director of Refineries,
affiliations, now in less important position with
Centrals Muntenia. Has been replaced by Sandor Ignats
6, Damitru. Bogdan, Eumani. ans I I without Paste - -- - . - - - . - .
50X1-HUM
Nicolas Draghicescu, Rumanian I Communist
Party members Director of Administration and Finance.
Aurel Armatu (formerly Itcovici.), Director of the
Planning Section of the Drilling Department,
9o Alecu Stefanescus Production Manager in the Refineries
Department,
10o Teodor H&;nciuleacus planning director in the Ministries
of Petroleum and Mines,
U. Engineer Aurel Lieblich, manager of Petrol Export,
Adviser of the Ministry of FueloManager of fuel export
matters, Rumanian borne old 50X1-HUM
Party member, Faithful to the regime,
12. Engineer Gheorghe Ghimpu (Weinberg), Manager of the
internal fuel consumption trust. Rumanian born, Old
Party members Energetic,
13, Eugen Jolankorsld. Manager of Sovrompetrols Bucharest,
Russian, speaks Russian and Rumanian. Devoted to the
regimen
31to Engineer Arutian. Armenian from Russia, chemists
Party member but not devoted to the regime.
50X1-HUM
the Centrals, Muntenia combine is
organized in three major divisions drilling (with
headquarters at Campinas director Horatio Iancus see
rabove)# refineries (headquarters at Ploestis director
Dumitru Bogdan, see above)s and administration and
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by
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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
7 ca
f',nance (headquarters at Bucharest, director
Nicolas Draghicescu)o Director General of the
entire enterprise is a certain Oman's brother-
in-law of the Minister Gheorghe Gheorghiu Dej
C-saman is described as having full political responsibility
for the enterprise* He is a Party member and
former chauffeurs There are separate sub-directorates
"or drilling (production), planning, finance, personnel
and accountingo
50X1-HUM
Techniques of Soviet controls identities of
Soviet personnel et cetera*
Apart from the aforementioned fragmentary infor-
mation no details. 50X1-HUM
0 of petroleum products into Rumania
from USSR et coterao
arW petroleum products
are being imported from Russia, with the possible 50X1-HUM
exception of a very small quantity of high-octane
aviation fuel for mixture with lower octane content
fuel refined domestically* No further details available.
Movement of Soviet petroleum products from the 50X1-HUM
Soviet Union through Rumania to other satelliteso
note ]such movement
was taking p aces
1,; Sabo
reg]igible9 but
factor rdiain production* No significant 50X1-HUM
details 7:eo a heard of one active
group of partisans, who in 1949 were hiding in the
forest between Ploesti and Staling and carried out
acts of sabotageo
active sabotage was almost
:]"Passive resistance (or
)Italian sabotage I)% has become a very important
2.*, Communists in the Oil Industiao
50X1-HUM
"sincere and loyal" Cc et 50X1-HUM
Cumiunists among the workers in the industry.
Party members comprise less than five rcent of the
workers employed in the industry. categorically
before nationalization there were only about 100
coneernin the number of workers
employed in the industry, there
are approximately 12,000 workers employed throughout50X1-HUM
the Centrala Muntenia organization, about 25,000
employed in all of the refineries and in the neighborhood
of 75,000 in the entire industry.
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3, Pees, taxation et 0etsr~0
payroll for the Nod 1 Refinery
!I C
on ; the lowest
nd
at Ploesti was
.
wage level for work in the refine-es was between 50X1-HUM
3#000 and 4,500 lei monthly and personnel. 50X1-HUM
engaged in drilling operations received an average
of 12,000 to 15#000 lei monthly- Taxes for
workers range from six to sixteen percent of the
total wage, and work clothes are issued grativa
NFIDE~~7~~'
S6CAi~r6ENi41iBb C.S. ncor
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