BACKGROUND OF SPLIT IN COMMUNIST PARTY OF PERU

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00457R001900330004-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 12
• Document Creation Date: November 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 13, 2000
• Sequence Number: 4
• Publication Date: October 4, 1948
• Content Type: REPORT

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Background of Split in Communist Pa_of Peru
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4 October 1948
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DATE OF INFO April to July 1948
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The following report gives information concerning the split in the PCP,
supplementary to that contained 25X1A
. i ulsioa of Juan P. Luna and Eliseo Sanchez
1,> On 7 April 1948, the Political Commission of the Communist Party. of Per,,,
acting in accordance with the Resolutions of the Party Control Commission,
expelled Juan P. Luna Salazar from the Communist Party of Peru. Luna was
at that time Secretary of the Lima Departmental Committee of the PCP,
2,. The quarrel between Luna and the Lima Departmental Committee on one hand
The resolution,, which set forth the antecedents of the Central Committee&s
case, against Luna, expelled him for not following the Party line, as well
as for being a disorganizing influence, a dissident, and a Trotskyite.
4,, The Resolution also expelled Sanchez, a close friend of Luna and a member of
the Lima Departmental Committee, for speeches in-defense., of Luria criticising
the Central Committee and it accused him of plotting against the present
Committee. Party leaders claimed to have discovered the "plot" through
agents from among the Juventud Comunista and the Seccion Feraenil, led by
E.iia Casas, and thus to have forestalled internal revolution within the
Party through the strong measure.of expulsion.
5. Secretary General Jorge Del Prado immediately wrote letters to the Depart-
mental Committees of Cuzco and Arequipa, the centers of Communist strength
outside of Lima, explaining the expulsion of Luna and Sanchez, and forward-
ing the explanatory documents. He Stated he looked for their full support
for this action in the face of this serious Party crisis.
and members of the Central Committee led by Jorge Del Prado on the other
is one of long standing. The reason for the sudden precipitation of
affairs was the approach of the XIV Lima Departmental. Congress, al.; which
Party officials later stated that they had information that Luna would
attempt a 'tgolpe" against the present Directorate. From their r.)oint of
view, drastic measures had become urgent.
A resolution of expulsion, which was dated back to 20 March 1948, was
drawn up by the National Control Commission, and, under cover., of a letter
dated 7 April 1948, was forwarded to the Political Commission of the Party.
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Reaction to `~x ulsion Decree
b. On 10 April 1948, a meeting of all cell leaders in the Lima area was
called at wih-.,~h the decision of the Central Committee ::,as made known.
Criticis.r of the Committee rt s action began to be voiced inunediately, and
corm.. aints were made that such action should have been p,ostt oned until
i i,er the XIV Lira. Departmental Congress, scheduled for the second week
in 1-ay. Opiponents of the move felt that, coming at such a time arid in
such a .:canner, it was dictatorial in natured The Central Committee
answered this criticism ay stating that other ex,.ulsious night follow
in view of Luna a s proven disaffection, and a firm stand was therefore
necessary. Stets were immediately taken by the, Central Co.rrittee to cancel
the XIV Lima De,.artraenta1 Congress, and a Plenary Session of the Lima
Der artmental Committee was called for 9 May instead. This change in ; laris
was exected to serve as a test to ascertain 'how; would follow the
decision of the Central committee, and how ritany might ultimately desert to
Luna.
Signs of reaction by Luna were iiiunediate,' and the barrios Altos Cor.unitteo
took one of the first rotesting stei_s by addressing a cor_h,-lairht to the
olitical Co=.dttee reIuesting a reversal of, its decision to hold the
III National Congress of the ?arty in Cuzco, rather than in Liraa, as usual.
This irat ter had long been a Lone of contention between Luna arid the Central
Cormcittee,, Luria raa ::iaintained that to hold the ,}arty Congress in Cuzco
would be to pack it in favor of the Central Corrir4ttee, to the prejudice of
the Lima group, and this re suest was undoubtedly ins, ired by him? This
complaint revealed Luna ? s influence with this important local committee, the
only such committee with sufficient :remuers and resources to mimeograph its
own local news and Trojagarida sheet, a small tabloid appearing irregularly,
known as :Il opular.
Further : ulsioris
. Keanwhi.ie, faced with signs of unrest within the Party and stubbornly
determined to go ahead, the National Control Commission continued with its
"purge". On 15 April, the Provincial Committee of Callao, reportedly
acting at the orders of the Central Commiittee, expelled four members:
Felipe Nunez, Valentina ?ena, Nicasio ,-:arti-iez, and Marcial Villanueva.
This :Provincial. Corsi ittee at the same time approved the decision of the
a. u anal Control Corinne ssion to ex..,el Luria.
9. Lxulsiori of the four ;::eu,uers was based on information provided to the
Provincial ComnitLee of Callao that these. four were followers of Luna, and
in contact with the Frente de Unidad e Indeperhdericia SiriUical (FLIu) of
Ravines.
Reaction of Je :)artrrental Committee
10. The attitude of the remaining members of the Lima Dei_a.rtirental Committee in
opposition to the Central Committee soon became apparent. They met on
20 April 1948 and issued a statement in which they rejected the decision
of the Party Control Commission to expel Luna, and o,,ened their own attack
on the members of the Central Committees At the same meetin ;, they determined
to boycott the III National Congress of the Party if it -mere held in Cuzco.
11. The Central Committee answered with a strong stater; ent of its otiai in reply,
dated 23 Aril and signed by the Secretary General.
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Activities of Luna
12, Luna himself t.roceeded immediately to mend his labor fences, arx. resumed
his old job as a bus driver on bus Line No. 21, Rimac to ;Mercado Nayorista.
As such, he was elected on 21 April as Secretary of Organization of the
Siridicato Unico de Trabajadores en Au.tobuses. Three other Communists
were elected at the some time out of a Syndical Directorate of eight per-
sons: drnesto Bracho, Secretary of Social Aid; Felipe Guerreros, Secretary
of Finances; Jesus Herrera, Secretary of Acts. In addition, one of the
five newly elected Delegates from the Syndicate to the Chauffeurs'
Feaeratio,r, Julio Zegarra, and two of the four Delegates from the Syndicate
to the Union Sindical de Trabajadores de Lira, Pascual Hernani and Julio
Romero, are also Communists.
13. Rumors began to apoear concerning Lunaes other future activities and it was
said at one point that the intended to run as Labor Candidate for the Senate
from the Department of Lirna, thus splitting krturo Sabroso'c labor vote and
assuring the election of the Conservative candidate, Oscar Grau.. It was
said that his campaign would be .,:aster-nmiiiided and financed by ex-,'resident
Manuel ~'rado, in return for assurances of cooperation in the electoral
carn.t_aign of 1951.. Members of the Central Commmittee noted that Luria was
present at ;'rado'n house on 21 i pril ostensibly "to convey. birthday greed igs,"
14, ley the end of April, Luna's carn;aign against, the Central Committee was well
under way, and expressions of regret, displeasure anc; disagreement ;:ith the
iz;cpulsion liesolution began to arrive in Lir.ta from the outlying districts,
the first from Cariete, Chir_c' a, .'isco and Ica. A s,.eciai delegation came
in person from the latter town to interview the Central Committee and -rotest.
15, Luria gave up his work as a bus driver after a short while, and returned to
driving his taxicab, His movement and whereabouts were closely followed at
the orders of the Central Committee, to prevent his further sabotage of its
activities, such as had been noted on 27 April when only five members of the
Syndical Commission of the Li.rna Departmental Committee attended a meeting
called by the Central Committee to plan the Communist ?arty rogram for
May Day.
-lalay Celebrations
16. May Day celebrations in Lima brought out several facts of interest; first,
that the Sindicato Unico de Trabajadores en Autobuses remains ; redominantly
Ar.rista, for its May lst Declaration was completely A1.rista in tone and
content; second, that one of the "ext,ulsados", Felice Nunez, had alreacay
joined the Frente de Unidad e Inder.endericia Sindical; and third, that, Luna
had already succeeded in winning at least one union group over to his side,
namely, the Federacion de Obreros :'ariaderos ";;strella del Peru." This group,
in a statement insured by Luna, signed by Julian Tasayco S., oecretary,
refused to obey the orders of the Central Committee of the 2CP to .arade
with the "Ti'. This union group held i t~j otwrri "irrdet endent" celebration on
the first of ]-.ay.
Further Iheaction
17. The Central Committee ordered a iioletin ~xtraordinario to be issued on 4 May
and distributed throughout the Party. This was a re:.xint of various
accusations made against Luria before the ,arty Control Commission and was
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ori;;inally issued 30 June l1)47.,
On 4 iiay there a.,-eared in Va.ri~ uaraia, the orpaii of .;uuocio kavines,
an article in uefonse of Luria which caused some concern a orig the Central
Oor:d.iittee, f irst because of the fact that Ravines showea himself to be
well informed concerning. the whole affair, , robably "from the inside,"
as they believed, and secondly, because of the ,oi ibility foreshadowed
by the article that Ravines and Luna, both former Communist Party of-
ficials, might join hands in the formation of a rival group. Through the
end of July, howlever, this remained the only indication of an alliance,
in site of couitiaual denunciation of Luna by the Central Committee as a
"Havini sta. "
19. uoth the olitical Commission and the Lima Departmental Coirimittee met on
Monday, 10 i?:ay. The first group agreed to stand fast by the-i.r i osi t,i cn
and to continue the "purge" ordered by the Central Committee. The second
group reiterated their decision not to attend the III ~N*ational Congress if
it were held in Cuzco, and, going further, threatened under those circurn-
stances to hold their own Congress in Lima instead,,
Installation of :CIV Do artr:,ental Gorr ress idditional Expulsion.-
20. On 16 May 1948, the Liana De;,,artmeirtal Committee, now in full revolt against
the Central Committee, field a s,ecial all day session in Chosica at the
house of one (fnu) "aldonado, who is em.,loyed? at the iiotica in Chosica Bajo.
21< The :;.ectin;- decided that in site of the attitude of the Central Committee
they would hold the XIV Depart:r;er. teal Congress of the Lima Departmental
Committee as orif*inally scheduled, and Cormkiittees were formed to invite
Delegates from all p,oosible favorable local and provincial committees within
the De;.ar to nt.
22. Informed of the above "mutiny", the Central Committee took further drastic
action, and the Control Commission expelled from the Communist Party of Peru
six of the most prominent pro-Luna leaders of the Lima Departmental Commdttee:
Jorge -ascoitia, Oscar L'oria, Car:rielo .oreno : spe jo, Antonio iiarzola,
Calvaaor Ferrantes and tingel i-arin. At the same time the Political Commis-
sion sus,:ended all remaining officers of the Lima Departmental Committee,
and declared it to be in a "status of reori.;a.nizatioiz". These decisions were
announced in a aocument dated 18 May 1948. Making reference to the Lima
Departmental Cog.'ttee's Declaration of 20 April rejecting the decision of
the Control Commission, Doria, Ascoitia, Moreno and Marin were expelled as
the authors of that statement, 3urzola for his "campana fraccionalista" in
ruler, and Ferrantes for being, apparently, a generally undesirable
character,
23. The Political Commission then notified all lima cells and committees on 20 May
that the XIV Departmental Congress was postponed indefinitely, and would be
replaced by a General Assembly of the Party in Lima to discuss the political
roots and the significance of the crisis of the Party in Lima,. In addition,
a copy of this corm unication was nailed to the door of Lima Departmental
Committee quarters at Party Headquarters, Colmena, 669, and the room locked
and barred by members of the Central Committee.
24. As agreed at the Chosica meeting, and in spite of the fact that many of them
had now teen expelled from the PCT', a group of the expelled members of the
Lima Departrment:~l. Committee ne" in the patio of Communist Party Headquarters,
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Lima. Dinregarding the notice nailed to the door.., they broke into Lima
Departmental Quarters where under the guidance of Luria they proceeded
to hold what they called the "XIV Departmental Congress of the Lima
Departmental Committee of the Communist Party of Peru, "
25. This meeting, which lasted until 8:00 p.m,, agreed:
a) to ce isure the present officers of the ?C?;.
b) riot to recognize the decisions or the authority of the members of the
Control Commission who had expelled from the Party various members of the
Lima Departmental Committee, and to nullify the :.xpulsion Resolution;
c) to hold the III National Congress of the Party in Liria, rather than
Cuzco; and
d) to publish their own newspaper, independent of Labor.,
26. During tt'e c oursi; of the meeting a note addressed to Jorge Del Prado was
drafted 'jy .;ashirr/ ton Leon, and sent to him by special messenger requesting
him to .resent himself and answer in A:erson for his actions. The note was,
of course, ignored by Del Prado.
27, The group resorted this "first session" to Party members in Lima, and
agreed to meet again on Tuesday, 25 May, in the same ;lace, inviting all
those not reserit to ;..eet with them.
28a The :'olitical commission the following day issued a statement referring to
their revious communication of the 20th, givin. their account of the events
of Sunday, and warning against this "pseudo ', Departmental Congress""
That same evening they drew up and ordered printed at the Party Press a
small leaflet strongly attacking Luna and his "gang", which they ordered
distributed throughout Lima the following day,
29. On 25 lKay, when the dissident Line De artmental Committee tried again to
meet at the sane place as they had on Sunday, they found that the orthodox
Party had this time called for help, and was l repared, The entire member-
ship of the Central Committee in Lima was present, in addition to :;,any
others, In the face of this display of force the "dissidents" were finally
obliged to reti.?e and clear the street in front of Po. 669. At one point,
Pedro cel Pino threatened to call the police if the street were not cleared
imrr,ediately. His was only dissuaded by the cooler head of Luis hieto who
pointed out the danger of asking police interference to settle a riot uettireen
the two opposing groups of Communists.
30. The Luna group finally returned to Lince, Calle ;?iariscal Las Heras 557,
where they again opened their "Congress", and an even larger grout; finally
gathered than 1,a:I been present on the preceding Sunday.
31, Little business ,pas .accomplished, the remainder of the time being taken up
with i;iflanuaatorit speeches attacking the Central Committee, Two of these
are of some inte.?est: one blaming the Central Committee for the decline in
membership in tr : Lima area from a former figure of 45 well-organized cells
to a present figure of 30 such cells, and a second speech pointing out that
although the Cer, tra.l Committee claimed it had no money to print Labor, it still
disposed of encagh funds to print 10,,000 of the leaflets :mentioned above,
and distribute them throughout Lima in "an act of high treason against the
comrades of t I~e Lima Departmental Committee," The meeting agreed to continue
its sessions he following day at the same place, and continue to ,.;e.::t there
thereafter.
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32. The meeting the following day was mainly devoted to drafting the Document
identified as "bulletin .:o. 1 of the XIV De,,artmerrtal Congress of the
Lima Det.artmerrtal Committee of the Communist ?arty of Peru." The
Bulletin attacks the .rational Directorate (i.e,, 'the Central Corruriittee)
in the usual terms and describes the installation of the 1'XIV Departmental
Congress", listing; as .,resent, representatives from 16 of Lii,rs 30
functioning cells, as well as re'reseritatives from the Committee of
Barrios Altos and the Provincial Committee of Huacho and, as observers,
representatives from the I;iraflores Comm mittee, the Departmental Youth
Commmnittee, the Celi "Ainauta" and the students' group.
33. Juan Polo Diaz, of the Civil Construction y:orkers, gave a speech indi-
cating that the Argeritii e Embassy had recently been-in contact with that
union, offering-, to assist them with problems of syndical structure, in-
struction and the like.
Installation of the Comite Reorgganizador
34e The Grand Asse ably of the orthodox Party group, net as scheduled on 5 June,
with Secretary General Jorge Del Prado, Com-mmunist Deputy Sergi:, Caller,
Juan Lo ;ez, member of the Central Committee and I ational Secretary of
Rural Matters, and Ancelmo Farias, ;rational Secretary of Organization, on
the platform,. Aside from Party officials, about 100 Party members attended.,
35. The meetin was ar.ened by a short resort by Caller. He referred to the
1,resent Tarty crisis, brought about by a sic-all group of "divisionistas"
who were attemnr.tin, to divide the 'arty and confuse the laboring; reassess
thus "fulfilling the orders of Ira; erialism.!t He stated that a similar
crisis had occurred in France in 1947. There the Secretary General of
the French Communist -arty (?CF) took immediate repressive measures to
prevent the "ap -ants of imperialism" from carrying out their mission of
s&.tbotago within the ranks of the PCF, and Caller read selected paragraphs
from, a report of the ?CF in illustration of the above. lie called atten-
tion to the fact that just as Luna had done, the "divisionistas" in France
made it their first aim to undermine the Party statutes.
36a In closing, Galler introduced Del Prado, emphasizing the latter's position
as the true representative of .'C? B s founder, i ariateg ui, from whom he had
received Personal training and instructions, and lauding, Del Prado m s twenty
years of str. ug';le in the ranks of the. Communist ?arty of ?eru.
37. Del Prato opened his remarks with the usual attack on Luna and his associ-
ates of the former Lima Departmental Committee for their systematic
sabotage of the Party Directorate and the Party organization, accusing
him of distorting the ?arty line with his attack on the Statutes in "his
miserable cam,aign to destroy the Party." Included in his speech were
several s;ecific accusations and replies to accusations that are of some
interest,
33. Del Prado stated that at the 1945 elections, when the Communist Party pre-
sented Cabrera Iiriones as candidate for Deputy for Lima he received 4,000
votes, thus indicating, according to Del Prado, that there were at least
5,000 Party members in the Lima area at that time, when, he stated, 64
cells functioned in the Department. Today, he said, this number has fallen
50; and only 32 cells now function, because, he alleged, of the ineptitude
of the former Lima Departmental Committee under Luna.
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39. Luna, he stated, had frequently failed to send out Party notices, etc., and
Del rraao reported that when the Central Committee took over Lima Der.artrrent-
a] quarters at Colmena 669, they found many such bulletins and notices,
,printed at great expense and under great difficulties by the Party but left
rotting undistributed in the files of the Departmental Committee. lie
pointed out that for a recent "fiesta"to raise rioney for the III National
Congress, 200 tickets had been sent to the Lima Departmental Corrunittee for
sale, but when they broke into their files they found 180 of these were still
lying in the Lima archives unsold, thus indicating the "sabotage" carried on
by the Luna group.
40. In dealing with Luna's relations with ex-;.'resident Manuel ~,ra6o, Jorge Del PIrado
reported that the Party intelligence eervices now had positive ;proof that it
was Luna who had persuaded the Prado Government to pay for the return of the
traitor Ravines to Peru. He pointed out that this contact between Luna and
Manuel Prado still appeared to excist,.for a large group of orthodox Party
members employed by :'rado enter;-rises (La Cronica, etc.) had recently been
dismissed from their jobs, which could only be at Luna's instigation.
?
41. In answer to Luna's accusation that the III National Congress of the :'arty
had been postponed several times for the sole _urpose of ,,er,etuating the
present directorate in office, Del i'rado pointed out that this was ridiculous,
for t heir salary as officers of the Party (3/200 ,'er month; S/250 ; er month
if married) was less than any day laborer gets, yet their duties absorbed so
much oft heir time that they were unable to take full time paying jobs else-
where.
42. Del Prado admitted that Luna now had with him one provincial Committee, one
local Committee, several local cells, and the Communist cells within the
auto iius Drivers, Union, the Tramway Conductors, tinj:on, and the Civil Con-
struction workers. He stated, ho.,wever, "this does not bother us; on the
other hand, we welcome i t, for in this way we know who are the traitors and
who are the true followers of t ,.e glorious Party founded by Jose Carlos
Mariategul,"
43. At the close of tlhe meeting it was determined to appoint a new or orthodox
Li::ca Departmental Committee as soon as possible to replace the former one now
"in reorganization,"
44. On Sunday, 13 June, the orthoc:,ox PCP elected their new Lima Deiartmental
Committee, known as the "Comice Reorg;anizador", and mace up of the following:
Federico Iriarbe, Secretary General
Flores de Paz, Secretary of Organization
Juvenal Gorrit:L, Secretary of Economy
rmilia Casas, Secretary of Culture and Propaganda
Maximo Gonzales, Syndical Secretary
Cesar Nieto, Secretary of Rural tatters
Luis Santiago Sbogal, Secretary of Defense
Hugo Levano, Youth Movement Liaison
45.. Cesar Nieto, first elected Secretary General, asked to be relieved of that
position because of the necessity of leaving Lima for Cuzco in a few days
on urgent family business. Nemesio Loaiza was first elected Syndi.cal
Secretary, but later was replaced by Gonzales, a textile marker by krofes,sion.
Three of the above group are hold-overs from the former Lima Departmental
Co? n.,ittee, Sabog;al, Flores de Paz, and Iriarte? Flores de Paz is employed
as a teacher in an Lscuela Fiscr;l, and uses the pseudonym "Lorp;rzo Rumi" in
anything made public by the Tarty, in view of the law that fnebids school
teachers to take t art in politics or hold office in polio .alp arties.
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46. The new Corlite Reorganizador was installed at festivities held 13 June in
common celebration of (1) the birthday of Jose Carlos I.ariategui, (2) the
accession of the Gottwald Government in Czechoslovakia, and (3) the birthday
of ""liceo Garcia Lazo, iational 5yridical secretary and Lirector of Labor.
DeveloL~.ments ontlne Labor Front ant; iri the provinces
47. Durint; this ,.ar_ioa, the co.,fideiice of the Central Committee was a)zewhat
shalom oy several developments in Lite labor field. The National Syndeal
:secretary reportea that two strikes were in progress in factories that
counted a certain number of Communists a:aortg the directors of the Unions
concerned (Faurica de Corifecciones "Cau-leoiies"; Fabrica de -1'e jidos
?tLa Victoria"). In neither case, no:?wever, hao these neuibers conferred with
Party leaders as to what line the Party should take a t. what tactics should
ue followed with reference to the strike. Orthodox arty leaders feared
lest this indicate tl.at these groups had gone over to Luna.. In the same way,
a co i,_laint in c .rep oration for a strike had been j. resented by the. wor.cers of
the nr pesos slectricas Asociadas, like wise a Union with Communist rerresonta--
tion ar..ong its directors, ano likewise ignoring ;arty leaders in their in-
structions and plans for the strike.
48.. Further Luna strength in the labor field was brought to light- at a meeting
of the political Commission on .11 :rune, attended for the first time in
months by, Carlos Guadalupe, an official of the Federation i1aciottal de
Ferrcviarios. Guadalupe stated that the expulsion of Luna had been severely
criticised in the Federation, and he reported that the overwhelming majority
of the anti-Al.rista railway workers would undoubtedly join Luna, He finished
his report by stating that he did not wish to criticize the Central.?Comrnittee,
but merely warn them that they were not dealing with a minority group in
expelling Luna and others, but with a very large part of the :'arty' s membership
in the Lima area. In re ly, .the decision of the Control Commission was
defended by Rojas, with the usual statements that they had documentary proof
of Luna~s complicity and his "divisionist activities",
49. An encouraging note from the point of view of the Central Committee was pro-
vided by Juan Lopez, National Secretary of Rural Matters, who reported that
among the rural porkers, the decision of the Control. Commission to expel these
divisionist elements appeared to ue generally approved.
50. A confidential report on the effects of the division in the Party it the
Provinces was brounht back to the Central Committee and the political Commis-
sion, by Jose Macecio i.endoza, a member 'of both, who returned to Luna on
23 June T rout a trip to Arequipa and _'uno. i?lacedo reported that the expulsion
of Luna had the full support of the Party in .-uno, yut that in trequipa the
nnet:tuursh:?t, ap,ear?:;d sharkly divided on the question, ifacedo deplored this
state of affairs, pointing out that although there were more members of the
Communist Party in uno than in Arequipa, the former were largely Incians
while the latter group were "4ente de presentation y lucha". He also reported
a small group of malcontents in z'uno around Vicente Mendoza Diaz who three
times now had peon a candidate for the Province of Huancane only to have the
elections postponed in each case. I~lacedo reported that Mendoza was now cr-Lti-
cizing the 'arty in Lima for "allowing" the Government to do this and thus
"rob" him of his Deputyship.
Develop tents During the Mlonth o f_121
Z
51. By the fifth of July, the so-called XIV Departmental Congress of the Lima
Departmental Committee, originally installed by the Luna group in IN:ay, had
come to a close. Meetings had been held sporadically since May at the Celula
Mor-
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Luis Carlos ?restes in Lirice, Calle Mariscal Las Heras 557, and a "Lima
Departmental Corm ittee" had been elected and conclusions and resolutions
were being edited.
52.. The Li: La Del.artrnental Committee elected by the dissidents consisted of
the following;:
Juan Polo Diaz, Secretary
Cesar Doria
Odon i s,Anoza
Jorge Ascoiti a
Carmelo Moreno
Luis Diaz
Manuel Luis i.ndia
0. 1,1. (Tito) Dori a
A. J hello
53- This "Committee" was immediately ridiculed by the orthodox Party, who
pointed out that whereas the dissidents had always attacked the Central
CoLi ittee for being "intellectuals", their own Conidt.tee contained only
one laborer (polo ), the remainder being, three students (Doric, i,spino za,
A:.dia), four em ,loyees (J. Doria, Ascoitia, IMloreno, Diaz), and one taxi-
owner-and--land-._roprietor (hello).
54. The Central Comrnittee took seriously the final defection of Juan Polo Diaz,
as indicated by these elections. Althour*h known to be sympathetic to Luna,
Polo had. not ;reviously been expelled from the 'arty. His election led
directly to the Second Resolution of the VII Plenary Session of the Central
Committee, then in session, ext elling the following fro;n the orthodox
Juan Polo
Alejandro Bello
Odon Es,-inoza
;ilo ii;sp.inoza
Roberto Doria
Manuel Andia
Jose Gamarra
Ludovico .i.cran
m;rshi:ito:i Leos
Of this Troup, Polo, hello,- O~ - spinoza, Doria and ,ndia are members of
the dissident "Lima Del.artrnental Commmittee''.. and the remainder were active
in organizing; the so-called XIV Departmental Congress of the Lima Group,
The most important of the conclusions and resolutions of the Luna group at
this time is .,erhaps that which "exp.els" certain leading members of the
Central Corrm-ittee, with an allegedly documented case at;aiiist each.
55,, On 16 July the Luna group began 1-uolishirig its own rlewspa,..er, known as
isandera : ooular, under the :tiditorship of T. Laniel Leiva A. The a...er is
:ublished at i?iariscal Las Heras 557, the Headquarters of the Luna Group, and
;ri.ited by the Im,renta Leomir, Luna i izarro 725, Li.:,a. Only this one
number a~, eared during the month of July. Leiva is re portred to be a University
student, not 1reviously ,ro nirient in Communist affairs.,
56. Among the University students, the Luria group has il-ade some headway, particular-
ly, it is reR orted, through the influence of the student leader Doria, now a
memoer of the dissident Lira Departmental Committee, The majority of the
Communist Youth I11ovement (Juventud Comunista), howevver, is said to remain
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VILNINU, ^ C .0i AU~.;: CY
COYDEINTIAL
loyal to the Central Committee, led by Hugo LeVano, now a member of the
orthodox Lima Det artmental "Comite lieorganizador'r.
57. From the students, the Luna group has made a s,,ectacular "catch" by securing
the adherence of Jose Carlos Mariategui Chiappe, the son of the founder of
the Communist .'arty of Peru. The dissident "Fraccion Comunista Universitaria"
now lists as its officers Jose Carlos 1ariategui Ch. as Responsible Secretary
and T. Daniel Leiva as secretary of i'ress and Pro;-a..-anda.
58. The magic of i-ariategui Is name is such that the orthodox group has sent out
special iwarnings, notifying; iiiemuers that Jose Carlos r4:ariategui Chiappe, who
is collecting funds for Nuestra bandera, is not a merrier nor affiliated in
any way with the Communist Party of Peru. This warning bulletin, dated
26 July and signed by the National Commission for Organization, continues
that there is no such thing as the Liana. Departmental Committee of the PCP,
but only the Comite Reorganizador, and that all those collecting funds for
the.former are charlatans and impostors.
59. From the outset, one of Luna i s . chief advisors and strongest supporters has
been AliFlo Obregoso, with two important consequences as a result, First,
through Obrer;osols influence, Luna during July was appointed Technical Advisor
both to tea e Union de i?aaritirnos y Portuarios del :.peru and the Federacion de
Tripulantes, the two most important maritime unions in the country. When
taken with his position as Secretary of Organization of the Sindicato Unico
de Trabajadores en Autobuses, this appointment assures his personal -osition
as ani important figure in Peruvian labor. Second, Obregoso and Luria working,
together appear to have completely monopolized relations between L'eru and the
C1'AL, and have rovided CTAL headquarters with their version of the Party crisis
in Lima. Ourer;oso appears to be the only member of the Party in Lima who is in
direct personal contact with Lombardo. Obregoso receives regular correspondence
from Lombardo at the address of Jiron Ocona 250, Apartment 17, Luna, under the
name of Alberto G. Cordova.
Conclusion
60. By the end of July 1948 neither the orthodox nor dissident, group appeared to
have scored a decisive victory and it was impossible to foretell whether the
split would result in two equally balanced groups, both claiming to be the
Communist 'arty of 'eru; whether one group or the other would succeed in
establishing itself as such and absorb its "dissident" rivals; or whether
Luna would combine forces with some other existing rival group such as the
Fuis, in direct com~.etition with the Communist 'arty for the leadership of all
anti-Apra labour, but shunning the Communist label and attacking the Party as
such.
61. The dissident Luna-led ": V Del.artrnernta1 Congress of the Lima Departrriental
Committee of the Communist Party of t'eru" claimed that representatives of the
following attended its Congress arid gave it their support:
Celula de