NICARAGUAN REVOLUTIONARY ACTIVITIES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00457R001800970001-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: November 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 25, 1999
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: September 14, 1948
• Content Type: REPORT

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COUNTRY Nicaragua/~or4i.nican Republic DATE DlSTR.1~ September 198
fiUE3,)ECT 'dica.raguan Revolutioua,ry A.etiviti?s
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Document No."-'
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Class. CHANGED T0: TS S
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Nate a 4~-~-~-?-- ~y= -~~..~?
CIA LIBRARY
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tLISTED 8EL6W1
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT N0.
]. the Independent Liberals sire completely unified arlth our movem?nt and loyal to
the. Revolutionary Junta. The efforts shade by General Cex?~os i'asos to ~ta~-e over
the direction of the. movement with cB-ecentials which he ;vied to get in fas~agua
failed and Dr. Rosenda Arguelloa Sr. .continues to repreffient the Independent
'.iberals. General Carlas ~'asas took thee?.steps xith the knowledge and agra~e~
ment of the Conservatives. His. relations with the Conservatives are s?sanaged
by h3.s two broth~srs, Octe.vio snd C?uillermo Pesos T~rontiel, leaders in the party
of Chamorro.
~. In Costa Rica a latter for General iasos, er-ritten by '~ariano ~+'orales (Con-
servative leader), has dust been intercepted. In it F~asos is call?d tc Guatemala
to make plans for the x?e~~alution in tiicaragua. fIe is assures of the comrlete
suprort of the Conservati~-es, and it is stated that the group of Argu?llo and
~:he Ratriotic Committee >ill be expelled from -the country as persaicious elesnFants<
The truth is that they are the ones who are not going to be permitted to return
to Guatemala. This applies to C?neral Chasciorro, Toribio Ti~erino, e t al.
3. Dr. Orue Reyes vYeszt to Sar. Jose as Ind?pendent Liberal delegate on business
relates; to the prsten,ions.of C=eneral i`a8os. ile has sucneeded in re3?c~ing
such pretensions.
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4, Dr. Gustarro tlansanares, Consea?vative memti+sr of the Revolutionary Junta,
continues as such a member brit without acting. `r'.e has note been in Guatemala
.for many days although he had promised to return to Costa Rica to occupy his
post. This is due to instructions from Chamorro ~vrho, During this week, sent
a brother of x~ante~n~r?s to Guatemalav Frith his instructions. This brother has
lived fora long time in the IInited Stat?s. The Conservatives, after the defeat
which we gave them, intended to publish a ~"anifesto decreeing,the abstention
oP their party from the struggle, but then came new instructions from Chamorro
which caused them to chang? their couxse. ~0?rs.'ENT: One Anthony A.~an~anares,
j~.s. citisen was a F.A.A. pass~ngt~r from ~Ranagua t~uatemala on 16 August.j
S C~verything makes us beliatrs. the,t `the .instructions csf Chamorro ~rere to tz?y to
brim about the failure oi' 'she reao.l'ution by means of the ill timed skirsni sties
which are taking solace in Las S?~ovias. It ~ s, by the ~ra.v, not true that all
the saersons parts. cil~ating i n this movhm?ret are Sandinistas . At the present time
the directors of this move:;nent have lost confidence in c+ne ofi the men of greatest
Tfr~+stige, t'eneral Rauda,"les, and they have .left him in Guatemala. Raudale,~ turned
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out to be diffYcult to menago. Col. Santos Lopes has also been left behind.
Colindreas is more malleable and. more vulnerable to personal flattery. As me
anticipated, Somoza is .king much of having crushed `~tha invasion" but the
foot is the invaders were only a handful. A11 this may still redound in our
Favor.
6. :~'ith regard to the relations of the Cons?rvativas with the i~'exican Comanunist
Party; Dr, Rl.enadro Cesar, Lomas d? Chapultepec, i~eacioo, is the person who
manages all of these relations throuKh an intermediary. Sorge persons who
visit Dr. Cesar have been observed to return directly to the office of the
Conservative Party and others even go direct to the Soviet Embassy. The
activities of Ernesto Solorzano Thompson in ~'ew Yort~ and Washington are also
connected. His address is ?Ca9 rlotel Roosetrelt, New York. he used to heve lunch
with Henry YVallace once a ?aseek making a special trip from I~:ew York to do sow
It is probal?le that this routine has been interrupted due to Wallaes~s campaign
activities.
7, F~esident Figueres vent to Guatemala in. response to our requests and for the
purpose of destroying the intrigues of this Conservatives who had succeeded in
having many of our friends displaced from the country. The result we.s a complete
viotary for us which has provoked a violent reaction on the part of Tijerino
and friends.
8. During Figueres' 'visit detea.ils of the action against Somoza were discussed and
agreed upon and the time tcnblo was more or less fixed. Among the topics c:on?
sid?red wa.s the possibility of developing an action against Honduras in view
of the close collaboration of that government with Somoza sad Trujillo. F3ut
this wee a variant which would have caused too many changes in our plans. As
7 have always maintained, :it is not our purpose to cause a revolution iralionduras
because we feel it will root be necessary. Once Somoza is out of the way.. it
should be possible to brim; about free elections in Honduras.
9. In view of reliable reports which yes ha~re about the plans of the dictatorships
in ~Jiaaragua, Honduras, and the Dominican Republic to provoke a war in Guatemala
grad Costa Rica, certe.in Democratic governments are taking pertinent zn?asures. If
this should happen, a oonf:~agraticsn would break out which would embrace the
entire Caribbean and whose consequcrnces it would be difficult to predict. At
the present time the goveraunents of Guatemala, Costa Rica, Cuba and V"enezuel?~
are Forming an agresement of mutual assistance in cas? of revolution in aavjr of
the countries. Cuba and Venesuela will shortly make ~. public announcement o.f
their intention to stand b,~ the governments of Guatemala and Costa Rica.
1Gp Cuban President Cs,rlos -Fria Socarre.s wi11 go fraan G~uetemala, to Caracas and he
is also invited to stop o-mc3r in Costa Rica. yerhaps this last vrill not be
necessary in vicar of the f~~,ct that Dr. Dosendo Arguello arrived yesterday
afternoon with full pot~ers from Figueres to treat of all political probleYns of
the Caribbean with Prio Socsarras, In Yenezuelan President Prio Socarras mill
endeavor to speed up forwarding ~15fy,d00 to us for the purchase of aramaments
in :bee Ycrk. If he should succeed immediately, we may launoh an attack on
Somoza by the end of the mr~nth with the material we have and arrange for the
rapid shipment of the-rest of it.
The government of Mexico, which was influenced by the ?~icaraguan, Ro~elio de Ia
Selva, had been acting so s,s to give the sdva.ntage to Somata and the other
tyrannies; it is now veering a'hout in the ether direction and de la Solve is
being boycotted. i.n ~+~exioa. FTe has gust escaped being assassiras,ted. Zn the
long runs President Ale~nan will hardly be able, to resist th? pressur~a on himself
tc eacpel de la Se~.va from. his government and some aut openly. in favor of i.h?
cemocratic countries of thr~ Caribbean. This pressure is being exerted by a
parliamentary cell of revolutionary tendencies. The Partidc Revolucioaar~.o
Institucional axed the nucleus of ~.rious stat? governors, headed by the Governor
of Guadala,~ara, General Ca~?denass and by General rout?s Gil, are also mocking
in the same Bray.
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12~ The saunter-revolution in Costa Rica is being tatcen into consideration in
the plans of the governments of i~;icaragua, iionduras, and the Dominican
Republic. They wanted to take advantage of t'~e incident with .Panama, beat so
far have failed. It is still not absolutely aura that they Trill not achieve
their purpose. ~'ederieo Solorzano ~:'.antiel and Dr. Felipe Arguello Bolanos
are Chamorro's agents in Gosta Rica erith relation to revoluti.onrary pro;~ects
erhich would again rri.ng the Gommtunists into porrer in Costa Rica. ?rguelta
Uolanos eras seoretary of the Revolutionary Junta, but hs is noW inactive and
finds himself in the assns positian as ~"anzanarea. There is Falk that thesy
hams been able to esnter some arms into Casts Rica from .iea.ragua as ee~11 s.s
men who so far have net been detected. ?`le have a Cammunission investigating
this matter in Casts Rica headed by Dr. Simon Delgado.
13~ ~Ve have $lerays proclaimed that our movement is democratic and a~imi.ng toward
the abolition of tyrannies in the consolidation of an American policy of
respectful relations betraeen all countries. jt must b? borne in asi.nd that
i f the conflagration ed'iic^h now appears an the horigon takes place is the
Caribbean, it is entirely probable that governments wi11 arise which will be
opnoaed to the palicies oP tho United States. It is true that Cuba and ?J'en~a~uela
~rould each like to assume the leadership in the Caribbean region as opposed to
the palicies of tt~e Clniterl States. Th? peoples of these tero countries would
erelcames a policy of this kind because then oldrtime practices of United Stat?s
s'uncL'ioi'tas~ios accomplished little to consolidate the sympathies of these people.
They feel that the United States has always looker' of ter the int?re~ts oar the
gow?rnments erti.ich more often t'nan not ire tyrannical and in comx~lete disregard
of the desires and interns+.s of the people.
14. Another fe.c~Eor anps.rentl,~ favorable to our mov~smant has arisen r e~cantly. The
p~~inister of Argentina in ~~uatemala has shoern himself highly interested in
revolutionary activities of Central America and the CaribbeanQ iie has sought '
ecsntact with us and has requested biographic sketches of all persons who are
ixivolved in the revolutionary m+avexnents. :+~ith regard to tiicaragua, these
.biographic sketches have 'peen completed by Alberto 4rdones Arguello and given
to the ~~rgentine ~`inister. +'Yith regard to the other countries, there are
special commissions preps?ing th?m. T'he pr?sent Argentine3 sinister will
shortly be ~remo^~d from h:~_s post, and he s aye he wi11 be succeeded by a person
who has a~.de a special shady of the problems of this region during the past taro
years, and when h? arrives ?rill be erelldinformed of our problems and in a
position to enter into close relations eri.th us. He quito franirly admits that
the Argentines is disposed to assume the 1?adership in I.atsn .America in political
end esconoffiic mrtttera. F'or the time being he has promised ua that there will bee
no money loaned or aid gi,s?en to Somosa and that the Argentine Cov?rnr~esnt rrii,l
seek close relations xith the revolutionary government of '~icaragus. 3'hea
grgentine sinister states that th~i offer made at i?abana by the Argesntines
representative, ur. Diego Luis ~~olinarip av~is not made in jest and that the
Argentines has sufficiextt S.'urtds and resources to make good its offesr of one~half
a billion dollars to s.id Latin Aaterica.
15. Our group has been systema.$ically denounced as Comrraunists with manifest bad
faith as if it were not plain that Communism er?sld sti11 be in power in Costa
Rica had it not been far our air. She had to fight against our calumniators
(Chamarro, Ti jerino, e:t al.) in order to get armaments to ~igueres, armar~~ents
.which they seers always tr;pi.ng to take aeray front us acco?e?ding to the plan in
the famous .letter intercepted froth Chamorror,~ One of the difficult things
which we had to do was to abandon the t?rritory of Guatemala during the csrucsial.
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tiaae of F'igueres' uprising. Since our enemies through the paminican
General Rodriguez cadre able to mak? this an indzepensable condition before
permission was gre~x~ted for the transportation of a aingld cartridgd to Costa
Rica, they insistdd that na amber of our group be ineolved in the affair in
Guatdme~la. Thus we found ourselvds obliged to r!rork from rY:exico and E1 Salvador.
From those countries cad cardfully and clandestindly arranged the movement of
our forces totira.rd the field of operations and it is a fe.ct that the blood which
eras shed there ass that of our men, and our enemies did not succeed in sending
a single man to the combat. General Ffivers Ddlge,dillo and Vel~esquez, who
are oonservatirres, agreed ~a~ith us axtd ddserted their old master General Cha>rraorroz
~~'e afire the ones who took e,ll the steps sah.ioh culminated in .the purchase of. the
armamea~t: which has been used up to the pres?xat timo, operating alarays with our
friend, President Arevalo. ~Y? ~rere.the ones who succeeded in rescuing this
armament whh3as it was practically lost and under attachment in Cuba. S'~e ward
the ones who succeeded in s~r~angiaag the tra~.srort of thiE armaazsent to Central
America. ~'~e have succeeded in learning soma of the negotiations of our e,neaaries
with the ~ex~can Communists. :fie have been able to intercept documents which
refez? to those relations. pn the other hand they have not been able to brims
forth a singles proof of their scurrilous attacks on us. .
16. Ne cannot smear that within our ranks there is not a aingld Coaaunuaxist or that
i~ the future Caaalmunists will not succeed in penetrating our ranks. tVe can
s~rearo however, that such penetration will be cotnplstely clandestine and of
little consequencda Our ideology is sui'ficieaatly clear to make it practically
impossible for it to be adulterated by the infiltration of Communist elemeaata.
17. There harre been attempts to surprise public opinion by exploiting the
presence 1a~ithiw, our ranks of Spanish technicians. Their presence is a fact
but ~ have always ts.k~ special -care and discriaaine.tion in selecting the
pdrsoaas whiash w+a have contracted. The global qualification "rods" applied to
all opanish eassigres is absurd. For example, rope have contraotdd for the cervices
of Colonel Alberto Bayo. ~~body can call this man a Comrauaza.st who knovrs hi s
history. Simi larly we. hs.~ve with us Doyo's son, Coltl Rovira, Sr. Zou:;e., and
Sr. i~ado. Kith regard to all of these eon; first carried out a minute
investigation precisely in order to avoid the accusation that vae have relations
Frith Communists.
1~3. At the present time dlectiun~politics in Salvador hw~.ve no direst relation
with our movements ~~d do, havs3ver, feel that th? outcome of the struggl?
for pourer in gl Salvador is of tremendous importance and that should a militarist
regime coma td power there, it might very well be fatal to the Democratic
tendencies of th? entire isthmus. Such a regime would immediately support the
Somoza and Caries tryanraists and would very likely bring about the fall of the
governments of Guatemala axtd Costs, Ricap ~Te hours? f'car exeasple, beeaa informed
that Somoza is supporting the campaign of Colonel Cs~min Aguirre y Salinas and
has sent an agent on a special. mission to ~~1 Sa.lvador with his private air
plane and ~200f,?UG to oontributc~ to Gamin's campai.gn4? This agent is I3icaraguan.
Military Attache, Cola ~spieaosa Alt~iraaor?
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