SOVIET T/O & E, WEAPONS AND EQUIPMENT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00047R000100340002-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 14
• Document Creation Date: December 23, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 15, 2013
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: April 25, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
?
COUNTRY USSR/Germany (Soviet Zone)
SUBJECT
PLACE
ACQUIRED
DATE
ACQU I RED
Soviet TA) & E, dveapons and Equipment
DATE OF INFORMATION
}HIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECTING THE NATIONAL DEFENSE
OF THE UNITED STATES/ WITHIN THE MEANING OF TITLE IS, SECTIONS 793
AND 704, OF THE U.S. CODE, A9 AMENDED. ITS TRANSMISSION OR REG,
"'ION OF ITS CONTENTS TOUR RECEIPT MY AN UNAUTHORIZED PERSON 19
PROMISITED IT LAW. THE REPRODUCTION OF THIS FORM IS PROHISITEO.
DATE DISTR. 257Apr 52 7C
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NO. OF PAGES 9
NO. OF ENCLS. 4
(LISTED BELOW) (14)) (6), Cc) +
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SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
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1.
T/O&E of the Second Gds
Army the 2d'I, Art Bri
9th Gds Tk Div are subordinate to it0
detailed, information concerning the T 0 of these
2d L Arty Brig
2.
3.
Mecz
and the
following
two units.
The actual
4rength was at peacetime figures in some units, but in
Hdtners the strength was only 80% of the peacetime T/O.
The 2d Brig had an estimated actual strength of 1500
officers and EM, while the peacetime T/0 called for
approximately 1800 it was
planned to build up the strength of the brigade to its
full peacetime T/0. It must be borne in mind that the
2d L Arty Brig was not activated until November 1950
and. has since been building up to its present strength.
My information is based on personal knowledge.
The brigade is composed of headquarters and a head-
quarters company, 90th Rkt Launcher Regt, 96th Light Arty
Regt, 590th Light Arty Regt, 94th Light Arty Regt, and a
Service unit. The brigade headquarters is composed of
the commanding officer (colonel), political officers, other
staff officers and clerical workers. The T/O&E of the
headquarters company is unknown to me. The T/O&E of the
90th Rkt Launcher Regt is also unknown
CLASSIFICATION OHET SECURI
-Armim4.114W?
DISTRIBUTION
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the regiment was equipped with 15 of the
launchers. The T/085E of the 96th Light Arty Regt is
identical to that of the 590th Litt Arty Regt. The T/0,
of the 94th Light Arty Regt is ide ical. to that of .the
590th; however, ther T/E differS. he 94th im
with 100 mm guns and tracked prime movers.
ou5.2.....2.1,....p.c_x_z_,t; Regt
This regiment is composed of a regimental headquarters,
two battalions, a headquarters company, a company of
drivers, and an administrative platoon. The heOquarters
has a commanding officer (lieutenant colonel), executive
officer (zamestftel po stroyevoi chasti-lieutenant colonel),
political officer (lieutenant colonel), food, supply officrOr
lieutenant finance officer (lieutenant) officer
nd other officers whose ranks and functions
It also has a sergeant tajor:(master 50X1
sergean an an unknown numberof NCOs and rivates
serving as clerk-typists. The headquartersompany has
two or three officers; approxiMatelY 10 or tf: radio,
telephone and reconnaissance men, and one or two drivers.
The company of drivers consists of one officer And ,40
chauffeurs who form a drivers pool but who actually.
pull guard duty. The administrative platoon comprises an,
Unknown number of soldiers who are assigned as supply
clerks, shoe repair men tailors, to,
the actual strength of:the
;regiment to be 50 officers, 300 NCOs and privatee,
it is planned to bring the tegiMent up to'
full peacetime T/b with members of the class of 1932-,
.Battalion
5. A battalion is composed of a headquarters, headquarters
platoon and three batterieS. The battalion headquarters
has a commanding officer (major), chief or staff -(major),
executive officer (major), transportation offider (lieutenant),
and a first sergeant. There are other officers in head-
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headquarters platoon or the battalion is composed of one
, .
or two officers and an unknown number of radio men, telePhone
men, reconnaissance soldiers, and drivers. My battery,wasAlp
to peacetime strength because it was a training unit;'hoiteVer,
the other two batteries had only about 80% of their auth-
orized peacetime Strength. 1
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Battery
6. A battery consists of five officers, ten NCOs and 34
privates. The battery headquarters is composed *of the
commending officer (captain), political officer (lieutew,
1st sgt (Starshina), and an NCO clerk-typist. The head-
quarters platoon is composed of the commanding officer
(lieutenant), four radio men (two NCOs and twp privates)/
four telephone men (one NCO and three privates), angl two
reconnaissance men one NCO and one private). The two
platoons each have a strength of one officer, two NCOs anZL
14 privates.
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flatoon
7. A platoon consists of one officer, two NC0s, and l4
privates.
Squad
43, A squad consists of one Iwo and seven privates: one
NCO weapons commander, one driver., and the gun crew
members (gunner, loader, ftte setter, and three ammunition
carriers.)
9t1.77 ?44.4.44. *664/41610k
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The' 9th Ods Tk Div was
composed of the following units:
Headquarters
A 37-mm PO regiment
33d Gds Mtz Rifle Rest
65th Ode HT-SP Rest
47th Gds Tk Rest
50th Ods Tk Rest
17th Gds Tk Rest .
A_122-Mm mortar regiment;
495th Sep How Bn
NCO Artillery School
A rocket launcher battalioh
A signal battalion ?
ORM unite (artillery repair shops m &id 1
and services units)
An engineer battalion
310. Of these units, only on the 65th Gds
HT-SP Rest and the 495th Sep How Bn.
'65th Gds HT-SP_Esgt_
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it vas composed of head-
guar ere, three tank battalions, a motorized rifle
battalion. And Service unite, the regiment was
equipped with 50 33-1, JS-2 and T-34/85 tanks,
44otorized R.fle Battalion (Motorizyrovannyi Batalion Automachikov)
12. The motorized rifle battalion was composed of headquarters,
.headquarters platoon, a mortar company, an AT company and-.
two motorized rifle companies. It consisted of approx-
imately 300 officers and men
Headquarters consisted of the commanding officer
lieutenant colonel), executive officer (major), political
officer (major) and other staff officev,s
It further consisted of a.master sergeant and two clerk-
typists. The headquarters platoon was made up of radio and
telephone men and reconnaissance and driving personnel.
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it has two platoons of
two squads each. One NCO and five privates form 'each
squad, which is equipped with one MOrtar. The two motorized
rifle companies (Desanty-tank riding infantry soldiers)
each had a headquarters and two platoons. The headquarters
personnel consisted of the commanding officer, political
officer, first sergeant, and a clerk-typist. Each platoon
was divided into two Squads Of one NCO and 10 privates.
The approximate stre th Of a'riflE Company is 75 officers 50X11
and EM, but of these figures.
AT Battery
13. An AT battery is composed of headquarters, two4aatoons,
and a headquarters service section. It consists of five
officers, seven NCOs and 19 EM. The headquarters has
the commanding officer (senior lieutenant or captain),
political officer (lieutenant), first sergeant (Starshina)
and an NCO or private clerk-typist. The headquarters
service section is pompoaed of the commanding officer
(lieutenant), two radio men who may both be.privatesoor
one NCO and one private, and two telejohone men tiTho may
both be privates, or one NQO and one private..
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AT Platoon
14. A platoon is coMposed ,qr two squadsvand a lieutenant is
the commanding officer.
15. A squad consists of one NCO Anal four privates: one NCO
weapons commander, one gunner, one loader, one ammunition
carrier, and a driver. This gun crew served a 57-mm AT
gun M-1943 towed by a 3,-tbn Studebaker Prime mover.
42IthltRI192rBn
16.
the
tanie or organization on the 495th Sep How Bn.
The battalion consisted of headquarters, a headquarters
platoon, and three batteries. Headquarters consisted of the
commanding officer (lieutenant colonel); executive officer
(major), thief of staff (major), political officer (major),
,chief of rear services (major), technical officer (captain),
food and clothing officer (senior lieutenant), finance
officer (lieutanant), a master sergeant, and two privates
utilized as clerk-typists.
11?'--1..1?.3a1_2ter
17. The howitzer battery consisted of headquarters, hea.d-
quarters platoon and two howitzer platoons. Headqparters
was formed of the commanding officer (who was either a
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captain or major). The political officer (lieutenant))
first sergeant, and a clerk-typist private. Headquarters
platoon consisted of one officer and 18 EM (radio and
telephone men and reconnaissance and service.pergonnel).
The peacetime T/b for the battery was five offic4is, eight
NCOs and 44 privates.
Platoon
18-. Each platoon is divided into two squads. The peacetime
T/b and actual strength of each platoon is one officer,
two NCOs and 14 private..
Squad
19. A squad consists of one NCO and seven privates; The
NCO weapons commander is armed with a pistol,and the
seven crew members are each armed with a carbine. The
crew members were a gunner, loader, observer, vertical
control operator, two ammunition carrier, and a driver.
Each squad is equipped'with one 122-mm hOwitzer towed by
a 3-ton Studebaker prime mover. Other egaipment was a
litter, three shovels., three crowbars, two pickaxes and.
two axes. These figures represent the peacetime and .the
actual T/0.
9th:Gds Tk Div NCO Art112212,,Sehool
20. This school is directly subOrdinated.to the 91a:Gds Tk
Div,. however, it Is attached to the 495th Sep HoW:Bn for
administration. The students are formed into three:
platoons of 25 stu4ents each. Each Platoon has a faculty
of one officer and one NCO who are actually assigned
personnel, of the 495th Sep How Bn. The school did not
have howitzers on its T/t.
6th Rifle_heati22LRifie Div, Moscow Militarz District
21.
2 NCOs
1.pvt
1 NO - 10 pvt
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gg_IJIEtz_pris_aee_Enclosure
22 rThe 2d L Arty Brig has a peacetime T down to, and
, including, squad level. All officer a and NCO weapons
' commanders were armed with TT pistols'. All the Other
enlisted men were equipped with 7.62 'Mossin-Nazant
Model 1944 carbines (without bayonet)
soldier was furnished with a gas mask. There is one PPSh
7.62-mm SMG model 1941 on hand for each enlisted man, but
they are issued only to those ten mounting guard, or if
there is a shortage of carbineit.
In the event of an emergency, each
k enlisted man was,to,be iSsUed a PPSh MI in place of his
carbine.
23. The batteries within the brigade are, each equipped with:/
four 76-mm Model 1942 'runs. towed by 1-ton Studebaker orine
movers.
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ach battery also was equipped with an unknown number of 50X1
field telephones .(TAI.-.,43) and two radio receiver-transmitters. '
According to the radio men, theme receiver-transmitters
were of a, secret 1950., They were approximately
15 x.15 x 10,,lnches insize and were equipped with a
telephone and a. Morse Code key. One of them was assigned
to the battery CO, who communiaated with higher headquarters
and his battery observer, who was equipped with the other
one, the range of the equipment but was 50X1
told that it was about 10 km.
9.2...L_Gds.....s2TilzA'm_Eaulosure17
24. ,All officers, NCO weapons commanders, and some privates
assigned as drivers, were armed 'with TT pistols. All other
enlisted men were armed with 7.62-mm carbines. Kept in
stock were 7,62-mm EPSh SMOstbvt these were issued only
to men going on guard duty. 'All soldiers. were Issued gas
masksrbut no one was issued a:bayonet or:knife. The AT
Squad served a 57-mm AT gun M44943 towed by a 3-ton StUde-
baker prime mover. In additiO* each squad was equipped
with two shovels, two crowbars, One 'pickaxe one or two
axes and a litter.
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tank soldiers that'the'JS-2 tank was very unpopular because
the seating arrangement was uncomfortable.; the tUrret did
not rotate easilyland:the escape hatch was of no value since
the crew could not escape if the tank was hit,. The soldiers
said, however, that the armor Protedtion of the JS-2 tanks
was e cellent. The tank soldiers preferred the T-14 tank
especially because Of the escape hatch.
the Soviets have a new, secret tanks
either T-54 or Z-540 whifbh is supposed to be equipPed
with, special optical sights and a gyro-stabilized gun,
this new tank attains 'a speed of 80 km an
27.
28.
hour.
All tanks (T-340. JS-,
J'3 , JS-1) were changed
carries about 50 or
Diesel engines after-the war.
a T-14
29:
30.
60 shells; and a JS-2 carries about 35 shells, which are
incendiary, fragmentation, and armor-piercing.
There is a drill on abandoning the tank through the escape
hatch. The escape is accomplished in five seconds but no4
other details are known armored
vehicles have a special demolition mechanism for destroying
abandoned tanks or self-propelled vehicles but cannot give
any details on it.
The 57-mm AT gun
ls always towea ny a j-ton btuaeoaxer prime mover. On trips
to the firing range,which is more than 10 km distance, the
gun is carried on a railroad flatcar.
As or 19440 the Soviets used. an AT shell which was called
"Podkalibernyi Sharyad." This shell, inside a soft-nosed,
casing, has a core made of tungsten and will pierce armor
20cm thick with a direct hit at 100 to 500 in.
it has a,
velocity of 1270 m per second and that ,it easily destroyed
the German Tiger tanks
Sketch of a Podkalibernyi Sna yad
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31. In offensive warfare, the Soviet 57-mm AT guns moved up
with the infantry. In defense they are on the front line
of defense and are placed only tO cover the terrain 1:leasable
by tanks. They are supposed no fire directly on vigible
targets only at a range of 200 to 500 m. All guns and
ammunition which I handled were in perfect. condition. The
machine guns ? submachine guns, carbines and pistols which
were free of dirt, short
rounds and defectilre.cartridges.
32. The average soldierla training in markemanship conmiets of
firing about 30 rounds with a carbine of PPSh SMG. Officers
and NCOs are better trained.
about 150 rounds with various weapon.
57-mm AT shell's. During basic training
receive bayonet training for one or two
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Soviet soldiers
hours daily.
the
late model carbines is no hindrance,
fixed bayonet on.
33. The Tokarev 40 is no longer being used. The only small arms
weapon is the Mossin-Nagant M4944 carbine.
34.
Indirect fire (defilade) is used very little,and all light
artillery personnel are being trained in direct fire prin-
ciples. of how the SOviete emnlov
their macnine guns on rinal protective lines,
maChine guns are used for direct fire
only. According to instructions
blanket fire is used under conditione of poor visibility;
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35. The average Soviet infantry rifle soldier in combat carries
a load weighing 30 kg: an SMG, two 72-round drums, ammnnitionpemo
rations for three days, gas mask, and mess gear. The Soviet 50X1
infantry and supporting Artillery Wive together.
36.
the troops' clothing included felt boots (valenki),
fUr coats, fur lined gloves and caps, a special
salve which was used on the feet to prevent trenen foot
in winter warfare
UnAteampa and Maintenance
37. The pistols, carbines and PPSh SMGs were in first class
condition, and were checked daily by NCOs, as were the
uniforme of the soldiers. Tanks, guns, and trucks, like-
wise in good condition, were also checked daily by NCOs.
On each Saturday the battery CO checked all equipment and
weapons. in spring and fail, inspection teams
frpm GOFG check the combat readiness of all weapons and
equipment.
38.
Most EM are issued a carbine, but a PPSh is kept in stock
so that each EM can exchange his carbine for it in case of
emergency. At present, the PPSh is lesued enly if there is
a shortage of carbines,. Soldiers going on guard duty are
issued a PPSh. The'carbines, PPSh SMG8 and TT pistols of the
NOOs are not retained by the individnal NCOs.but are kept in
the weapons room and are.issued for training, guard duty, etc.
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39. EN repair their own clothes and must wear them until they
are replaced. Clothing issue and replacement time for
clothing of the Soviet EM is as follows:
1 blouse - issued for six months, then exchanged for
anew one
1 pr trousers - issued for six monthefthen exchanged
for a new one
1 overcoat - issued for two years, then exchange&for
new one.
1 pr shoes - issued for eight months, then exchanged for
a new one
1 winter cap - issued for one winter, then exchanged 1
for a new one
1 summer cap - issued for one summer, then exchanged
for a new one
1 leather (Sam Browne) belt - one issue only
1 canvas belt - one issue only
1 pr footwraps - issued for six months
1 set summer,underclothing - issued for one summer
1 set winter underclothing.- issued for one winter.
1 towel - issued for six months
2 ammunition pouches, Mess gear and a knapsack are
issued only once
EM are also issued the following company property:
2 bed sheets
1 pillow case
1 straw-filled pillow
1 straw-filled mattress
40. The food in the Soviet Army was aUfficient, and better than
at home in the USSR. Breakfast usually?was grits porridge
with tea; dinner wa5 soup, meat or fish, vegetables and tea;
supper was grits scalp, vegetables (without meat or fish)
and tea. The bread ration was 800 grams daily in winter and
700 grams daily in sutmer.
The Studebaker prime mover's for the 57-mm_AT guns, 76-mm
guns, and 12-Mm howitzers are stored on blocks under roofed
open buildings both in winter and in summer. In summer the
radiators are filled with-water: in winter each driver has
a can of water next to his bunk, so. that he can fill the
vehicle radiator quickly in case of emergency. In an emer-
gency the drivers knock the blocks from under .the trucks and
can have them readir for use in a few minutes. The oil, gas
and batteries of the stored vehicles are cheeked daily by
NCOs and once each week by tYe battery CO.
42.. A regiment is!ready to move within one-half hour in an
emergency, and a division is ready to move within one and
one-half houra. If these *Its take a longer time to move
in cape of emergency, the respective commanderac;elld be
Court-martialed and shot.
-end-
Enclosures; (A) Peacetime T/b Chart, 2d L Arty Brig in
Oranienburg -(524,51471314B)
T,(13'.)?,14eitetinA VO&E, 9t1-4: Gds -Tk Div it Neu-
6/41iizsr(51)014E) ,
?(C) Bliartg 2d L Arty Brig
,(p) Peacetime TiE Chart, 65th HT-SP Reg t and
795th Sep HoteBn
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kiNULAJOUrin 1/4G1 ornr, prAiy.;,1 t.
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PIPIE111111M111111
MP1IlM1 98
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1111 M?fliLfl1
2d5.& IU. 1111111111/111
111 MI Ill
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