SOVIET ARMY COMMUNICATIONS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00047R000100300006-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 2, 2009
• Sequence Number: 6
• Publication Date: March 19, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

Approved For Release 2009/07/02 : CIA-RDP82-00047R000100300006-0
CLASSIFICATION SECRET/SECURITY INFO
COUNTRY USSR
DATE DISTR. < Mar 39
25X1
NO. OF PAGES 4
SUBJECT Soviet Army Communications
PLACE
ACQUIRED,
DATE
AC.QU I RED
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECTING THE NATIONAL DEFENSE
DP THE LIMITED STATES, WITHIN THE NEANINO OF TITLE I9, SECTIONS 793
AND 794, OF THE U. . CODE, AS AMENDED. ITS TRANSMISSION 0 REYE?
9
TI OM'OF ITS CONTENTS TO ORRE CEIPT SY AN UN AU T N .:I1 ON
PROHIBITED BY LAY. THE REPRODUCTION CF THIS FORM IS PROHIBITED.
NO. OF ENCLS.
(LISTED BELOW)
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
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advanced communications schools and refresher courses for Soviet 25X1
officer personne
Each technical school conducts refresher-courses in which officers are acquainted
with the latest equipment and techniques. Instruction in these schools is very
good because most of the faculty have received special training in methods of
instruction; In addition, any commanding officer who has personnel who would
be specially-qualified instructors may set up such schools in his organization,
as he feels desirable.
Officers receive no formal training in partisan war.fart, but all line officers
(communications officers included) are trained to command small independent
units and in the employment of sabotage and propaganda. Communications within
partisan forces are largely by means of messenger, since other methods are
vulnerable to interception. Radio is used to communicate between partisan
units and the Soviet Army when they are separated by hostile troops; very
little wire communication is used. All partisan activities, including communi-
cations, are on a military basis. So far as is known,, these units do not have
any equipment designed especially for-partisan use.
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
SECREf.
CLASSIFICATION SECRET/SECURITY INFORMATION
SECRET.
.,/ft ~IIEf~ ~P~IIAILALAII 1.
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25 YEAR RE-REVIEW
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Radio code groups listed in the Combat Communications Orders are used to warn tanks,
other personnel are warned by audible signals where possible. Higher units are warned by
PVO over wire circuits. PVO, which is a function of the MGB, controls the operation of
the search radar set assigned each division.
Colored smoke rockets are sometimes employed for signalling during the daytime, but
colored panels are much preferred because of their greater security. Smoke pots and bombs
are used to produce white or grey smoke for screening., but colored smoke is not available
in these forms.
large military radio stations
(a) Minsk ? very large radio station near Uruchye, 7 km NE Minsk on Minsk-Moscow 25X1
Superhighway (53?561N 270411E). Edo not know the number, type, size and configura-
tion of the antennas,: Uruohye is a "military town" or contonment consisting of a 25X1
number of four-story brick buildings.
The Minsk-Moscow Superhighway is
11 m wide and is constructed of gravel covered with tar; during the summer the road
becomes so sticky as to pull the soles and heels off the boots of troops who march
along it.
(b) Kiev m a large radio station is located opposite the Dnieper River from Kiev
500269N 30.419E .
(c)
zone which borders the Gulf of Finlande The Communications School for the Soviet Army
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Leningrad ? Radio receiver station located at Sosnovaya Polyana in the southwest
suberbs of Leningrad (~1;905O9N 300089E). This area consists of two antenna fields,
each a little less than a kilometer square, with a building between them, equipment
of an unknown type was housed in the building. Antennas are of the umbrella type,
with centers 30-40 m high. This station is heavily guarded, and it lies in a security
is in Leningrad on Soviet Avenue near the,Smolensk Palace; it is a very large
These animals are extensively used by border guard units., with dogs more widely used than
pigeons. Special schools exist for training these animals. Army troops also use them,
but to a lesser degree.
Manual telegraph is used only as a spare for other wire facilities from Division up. From
Division to Corps, communication is usually by telephone, and to higher units by teletyped
The actual equipment is housed in a small building near Division Headquarters, guards do
not permit anyone to approach except on business., A parabolic sheet antenna approximately
two feet high by four feet long is mounted on top of the building and rotates slowly. The
set is in operation 24 hours daily. This radar is apparently standard in Rifle Divisions
SECRET/SECURITY INFORIATION
SECRET
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and is used primarily to check the location of friendly aircraft. Reporting to the PVO
(anti-aircraft) control ie in coded teletype messages. Larger radar sets were observed at
airfields, but I cannot remember any details.
the operation of the radar set
The division supplies the housekeeping, but the operation is under the control of PVO. 25X1
(All anti-aircraft activity is under the control of PVO - a part of the 0B).
the term used to describe radio jamming
"Glushenie" (r W!.H IF) (Dampening).
communications troops.
Jamming on a tactical level is done by the regular field radio set
Which agencies are engaged in military radio jamming?
Jamming is handled on the tactical level by the Army, and on a hig
methods of jammirUNCODEDed in tactical situatiUNCODEDJED
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her l evol by the MGB.
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Normally jamming uses bagpipes, sirens, bells? sirens, noise, tone
phonograph records are used to produce these effects. False mesa
confuse the enemy. Special effort is made to jam enemy-air-ground
attacks and during static situations when the enemy's radio load i
During peacetime, troops practice against VOA and BBC broadcasts.
done during a Soviet attack. Inductive jamming is used to interfe
and words; possibly
ges are also used to
radio during bombing
s heavy; it is never
re with enemy wire lines.
one of the radio
operating personnel of the communications unit are designated to perform jamming activities,
and they form into small detachments as ordered. These detachments also perform intercept
duties as ordered.
The communications officer of a Division or higher echelon. Porti
The Chief of Communications of a unit is responsible for monitoring the radio communica-
tions within that unit. The MGB also monitors both friendly and enemy radio traffic.
Both Communications Regiments and the PMGB have and operate radio direction-finding 25X1
equipment.
uided missiles CAM ET Cil Pg~A) (literally "self-flying projectiles") c25X1
exist They are rumored to be of,the surface-to-surface typ?25X1
to carry approximately one ono explosives, and to be radio controlled.
There are several types of mines with wooden, plastic, or other non-.metallic cases which
cannot be located by mine detectors. They are located by driving probes into the ground
SECRET/SECURITY INFORM&TION
SECRET.
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SECRET
or herding prisoners (not PW s) or livestock across the mined area. In addition, there are
mines which can be remotely detonated by means of wire lines or by radio. 25X1
Combat Communications Orders
are called either 60EBb1E 17PWKA3N CBA3N (literally "Combat Orders, Commuri0 ao25X
tions") or 6CEBbIE PAC03PAZEN yR CBA3N (literally." Combat Directives, Communications ).
wire communications coverage of the USSR
Approximately 10 m 15% of the minor government officials have telephones. Service is
adequate for important personages and a bare minimum of traffic. Measured by Soviet
standards, it fulfills its purpose, Communications within large cities are fair, except
that portions of automatic telephone exchanges are often out of order. Outside of large
cities, communications become progressively worse and are practically nil in rural ar 25X1
procedure. 25X1
exercised by the MGB,, so any shifting of responsibilities would merely be an administrative
At present civil communications in the USSR are operated on a military basis, using
military organization and techniques, so transition to military control would be superfi-
cial. In addition, the final control of all communications, both military anc' civil, is
Both military and civil aircraft are under rigid PVO control at all times that they are
in the air. The PVC? is primarily concerned with the prevention of escape from the USSR
the detection of invading aircraft appears to be of only secondary importance.
SEGREI
SECRET/SECURITY INFORMATION
Approved For Release 2009/07/02 : CIA-RDP82-00047R000100300006-0