ARMY UNIFORMS, CLOTHING AND EQUIPMENT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00046R000500270008-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 15
• Document Creation Date: December 27, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 30, 2013
• Sequence Number: 8
• Publication Date: October 25, 1955
• Content Type: REPORT

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I NFORMATION REPORT INFORMATION REPORT
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title
18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
C-0?N?F?I?D?E?N?T?I?A?L
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COUNTRY Poland REPORT NO.
SUBJECT Army Uniforms Clothing and DATE DISTR.
Equipment
25 October 1955
NO. OF PAGES
15
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DATE OF INFO.
REQUIREMENT NO.
RD
PLACE ACQUIRED
REFERENCES
DATE ACQUIRED
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SOURCE EVALUATIONS ARE DEFINITIVE. APPRAISAL OF CONTENT IS TENTATIVE.
LIBRARY SUBJECT Ai D AREA CODES (36)
5-02-0406 10/55
235.3 -55M
STATE
ARMY
NAVY
AIR 1 #y 1 FBI AEC
(Note; Washington distribution indicated by "X"; Field distribution by "#".)
INFORMATION REPORT INFORMATION REPORT
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COUNTRY Poland
CONFIDENTIAL
?2
REPORT NO.
DATE DISTR. 23 August 1955
SUIDECT Army Uniforms, Clothing and Equipment NO. OF PAGES 4Ir
DATE OF INFORMATIOts
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PLACE ACQUIRED
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THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
REFERENCES:
d'ogP IDENT I AL
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Reply to
POLISH UNIFORMS, CLOTHING AND EQUIPMENT
Table of Contents
Item
1. Summer and Winter Uniforms For Officers and EM
a. New Type Officers' Dress Uniform.
b. Summer and Winter Service Uniforms
c. Female Officers or Enlisted Women
2. General Issues of Uniform Items to Officers and EM
a. Clothing
b. Headgear
c. Footwear
d. Accessories
e. Organizational Equipment
3. Issues of Additional Winter Uniform Items to Armored
Personnel
4. Additional Information Concerning Uniforms
5. Description of Insignia
6. Changes in Uniform
7. Shortages
8. Changes From Winter to Summer Uniforms
9. Wearing of Uniforms by Civilians
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POLISH UNIFORMS, CLOTHING AND EQUIPMENT
1. Summer and Winter Uniforms For Officers and EM
a. New Type Officers' Dress Uniform
Source stated that during the fall of 1953, the Ministry of
National Defense (MON-Ministerstwo Obrony Narodowej) published regula-
tions prescribing ?a new type of dress uniform called the "Mundur Galowy".
This new uniform was to be worn by all Polish Army officers on such
occasions as national and army holidays, social functions and leaves.
The MON also anticipated that all officers would have one such uniform by
1 May 54. However, due to tailoring difficulties, the effective date was
extended to 22 Jul 54, which was a national holiday.
Source stated that during Feb 54, the officers assigned to the
Military Technical Academy (WAT - Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna) in Warsaw,
received an appropriate quantity of material for tailoring of one blouse
and one pair of trousers. In addition, each officer received a monetary
50kr11owance of 450.00 Zlotys to defray tailoring expenses.
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However, he was able to describe the new type officers' dress
uniform as follows:
aesta Material, Desorption
Blouse Woolen Dark green color with stand-up
collar. Two or possibly four
patch pockets. One row of dark
colored metal buttons, which
turned to a silver color after
a period of wear. Buttoned at
the throat.
Trousers Woolen Dark blue w/red seam about 2mm
wide sewn along outer seams of
pant legs. Ankle length. No
cuffs.
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Belt, dress Hard-finish White color with one or two
cloth lines of red thread sewn near
the outer edges. About 5 cm
wide with silver colored metal
buckle on which was imprinted
an uncrowned eagle.
The wear-out period for this dress uniform was five years. Source
had no knowledge concerning the type of dress cap to be worn with the dress
uniform. All officers were to receive a gabardine type of dark green over-
coat and black issue dress shoes during the latter part of 1954, which was
to be worn with the uniform. Source did not believe that career NCO's
would be issued this new uniform.
As additional information, Source heard rumors that this dress
uniform was not considered to be practical because the blouse buttoned at
the throat. Consequently, a change was anticipated during 1954, in that
the blouse would have a rolled type of collar and that a shirt and tie
would be worn.
Source stated thi7 new officer dress uniform was only beginning to
be worn by a few officers They wore it normally only
nn leave and on other very special occasions, such as national holidays
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Meanwhile for parades, ceremonies and other social functions,
officers and career NCO's continued to wear the old gabardine dress uni-
forms described in section 2 below. Conscripted enlisted personnel wore
the regular service uniform for training and all other occasions.
b. Summer and Winter Service Uniforms
50:00 Source stated that summer and winter service uniforms, as described
.in section 2 below, were worn by officers and enlisted personnel during
training 1 all of which were armored 50:00
units. t e majority of this equipment would also be 50:00
issued to personnel or Other branches except in cases of special issue
clothing for tank crews.
50:00 c. Female Officers or Enlisted Women
Source had no knowledge concerning uniforms worn by female officers
or EW.
2. General Issues of Uniform Items to Officers and EM
a. Clothing
(1) Officers and Career NCO's
Source stated that officers and career NCO's received the
following one gratuitous issue:
Quantity Item
1
Material Description and Remarks
Overcoat Wool Dark green with rolled collar, calf
length. One row of silver-colored
metal buttons. Two side pockets with
buttons. Approx 3 mm wide red stripe
sewn near cuff of both sleeves.
Issued for three years wear, both
service and dress.
1 Blouse Cheviot Dark green with roll collar. Four
patch pockets. One row of black or
silver-colored metal buttons. Winter
service blouse for officers was
issued for two year wear-out period.
Worn by career NCO's as a dress
uniform blouse.
1 Blouse Twill Dark green with stand-up collar. Four
patch pockets. One row of black or
silver metal buttons. Was buttoned
at the throat. For summer service.
Was issued for one year.
1
Blouse Gabardine
Dark green with rolled collar. Four
patch pockets. One row of silver or
black colored metal buttons. For
officers' dress and service wear.
Issued for three years. (Career
NCO's wore the cheviot blouses. The 50:00
issue of th ? r NCO's
had ceased
The older NCO's s wore 50X1
theirs, however.)
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Zuantity Item Material Description and Remarks
1 Breeches Cheviot Dark green with side and back pockets.
Red stripe, approx 3 mm wide, along
outer seams. Worn with black leather
boots. For winter service. Issued
for two years.
Breeches Twill Dark green with side and back
pockets. Red stripe, approx 3 mm
wide, along outer seams. Worn with
black boots. For summer service.
Issued for one year.
1 Trousers Gabardine Dark green with side and back
pockets. Red stripe, approx 3 mm
wide, along outer seams. Full
length. For officer's dress wear.
Career NCO's wore full-length
trousers of cheviot material for
dress wear. Issued for three years.
5 Shirts Cotton Dark green. Issued for one year.
3 Ties Wool
(2) Conscripted EMI
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Dark green. Issued for one year.
Quantity Item Material Description and Remarks
1
Overcoat Wool Dark green, buttoned at the throat.
Calf length. Two side Pockets. Two
rows of zinc-colored metal buttons.
For dress and winter service.
2 Blouses Cheviot Green with stand-up collar. Four
patch pockets. One row of zinc-
colored metal buttons. For winter
service and dress wear. Exchanged
for twill blouse during April of
each year.
2 Blouses Twill Green with stand-up collar, which
was usually worn unbuttoned at the
throat. One row of zinc-colored
metal buttons. For summer service
and dress wear. Exchanged for cheviot
blouse during October of each year.
2 Trousers Cheviot Dark green with side and back
pockets. For winter service and
dress wear. Exchanged for twill
trousers during April of each year.
2 Trousers Twill Dark green with side and back pockets.
For summer service and dress wear.
Exchanged for cheviot trousers dur-
ing October of each year.
1 Shirt Cotton White, collarless, worn under blouse.
Exchanged weekly for laundering.
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b. Headgear
Although they were not issued to any military personnel, Source believed
that unidentified metal helmets were stored in unit supply rooms and would
be issued if necessary. He described the following other types of headgear
issued to male military personnel
(1) Officers and Career NCO's 1.
Quantity Item Material
Cap, service Gabardine
Cap, garrison
Cap, field
(2) Conscripted EM
Quantity Item
Cap, service
Cap, field
1 Cap, field
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Description and Remarks
Dark green with black cap band and
visor. Red piping, about 2mm wide,
sewn around crown. Round top. Dark
or silver colored metal eagle emblem.
For dress wear. Issued for three
years. Career NCO's wore service
caps made of cheviot material.
Twill Green. Summer service. Issued for
one year.
Gabardine
Material
Green with hard cloth visor. For
winter service. Issued for two
years.
Description and Remarks
Wool Dark green with black cap band and
visor. For dress wear. Issued for
length of service.
Twill Green. For summer service. Issued
for summer wear and exchanged for
cheviot type cap in October of each
year.
Cheviot
Green. For winter service. Issued
for winter wear and exchanged for
twill-type cap in April of each year.
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0, Footwear 11
The following types of footwear were
(1) Officers and Career NCO's
Quantity Item Material
issued
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and Remarks
Description
1 pr
Shoes
Finished
Black with
laces. Ankle length. For
leather
winter and summer service. Issued
for. about two year.
1 pr
Boots
Finished
Black, calf length. Worn with
leather
breeches. For winter and summer
service. Issued for about 18
months.
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ivantity
1 pr
2pr
2pr
Item
Leggings
Shoes
Leggings
1.
d. Accessories
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Material
Winter-Cheviot
Summer-Twill
Unfinished
leather
Summer-Twill
Winter-Cheviot
Description and Remarks
Dark green, approx 10 x 30
cm. Worn with full-length
trousers. Buttoned on the out-
side of ankles. TWQ vertical
rows of buttons, three buttons
per row. Twill for summer wear
and cheviot for winter wear.
Issued for two years to career
NCO's.
Brown colored. Hob nailed.
Ankle length. For service and
dress wear. Issued for term
of conscripted service but
could be exchanged if un-
serviceable.
Dark green, approx 10 x 30 cm.
'Worn with full length trousers.
Buttoned on the outside of
ankles. Two vertical rows of
buttons, three buttons per row.
Twill for summer wear and
cheviot for winter wear.
The following uniform accessories were
units:
(1) Officers and Career NCO's
auantity Item
1
1
1
3. pr
1
2 pr
3 pr
4 pi
2 pr
Material,
Belt, dress Finished
(officers) leather
Belt, dress Finished
(NCO's) leather
Belt, trouser 'Leather
Gloves Woolen
Cloth
Undershirt Cotton
Drawers Cotton
Drawers Cotton
Socks
Footwraps
Cotton
Cotton
issued to
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Description and Remarks
Sam Browne type. Tan. Dress
and service wear, optional after
duty hours. Issued for 5 years
to officers.
Career NCO's wore a plain
leather garrison belt with-
out a shoulder strap.
Brown with metal buckle.
Green, finger type.
White. Used for physical
training only.
White. For summer service.
Issued for six months.
White, ankle length. For
winter service. Issued for
six months.
Green. Issued for pix months.?
White, approx 25 x-60 cm. Worn
in lieu of socks. Issued for
six months but could be ex-
changed when unserviceable.
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Quantity Item Material Description and Remarks
2 Towels Cotton White. Was an initial issue.
1 Sweater Wool Green with sleeves. For winter
service. Issued for 3 years.
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1.
(2) Conscripted EM
Quantity Item Material Description and Remarks
2 pr Drawers Cotton White. Summer wear, knee length.
Turned in weekly for organiza-
tional laundering, at which time
two clean drawers were issued.
(Officers and career NCO's were
responsible for their own laundry.
2 pr Drawers Cotton White. Winter service, ankle
length. Turned in weekly for
organizational laundering.
1 Undershirt Cotton Issued for wear during physical
training.
2 pr Footwraps Flannel White, approx 30 x 60 cm. Worn
in lieu of socks. Issued for
length of service but could be
exchanged when unserviceable.
2 Collars Cotton Green. Worn under blouse to
simulate white shirt. For
winter service.
2 Collars Cotton White. For dress wear.
3 Handkerchiefs Cotton White: Issued for length of
service.
2 Towels Cotton White. One towel sent weekly
to the laundry.
1 pr Gloves Woolen Green, wrist length, finger
mixture type. Winter service.
1 Toothbrush Issued for length of service.
I Brush, shoe Issued for 'length of service.-
.1 Brush, clothes Issued for length of service.
1 Dauber, shoe Issued for length of service.
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e. Organizational Equipment
(1) Officers and Career NCO's
Quantity
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
(2)
Quantity
1
1
1
3.
Item
Map Case
Compass
Binoculars
Sheets
Pillow Case
Gas Mask
Blankets
Poncho
Suitcase
Pistol
Material
Leather
Web Cloth
Wool
Water-
proof
Cloth
Fibre
Holster, pistol Leather
Brush pistol
Conscripted EM
Item
Gas Mask
Knapsack
Mess Kit
Spoon
Cup
Material
Web Cloth
Aluminum
Unknown
Aluminum
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Description and Remarks
Tan, approx 25 x 35 cm. Worn
on left hip. Held by narrow
strap. Issued to officers only.
Tan, approx 25 x 30 cm.
Carried on either hip by means
of a leather strap. Used for
carrying of regulations and
orders.
"Adrianov" Magnetic type,
Soviet mfg. Not issued to NCO's.
Soviet type. Believed to be 6
power. Not issued to NCO's.
.White, exchanged weekly.
White, exchanged weekly.
Shlem-1
Dark green, Polish made.
Green, Polish made.
Black or brown color, approx
100 x 35 x 60 cm. Used for per-
sonal clothing and uniforms
during alerts or field training.
Issued to officers only.
Tokarev 7.62 mm, TT 1933.
Tan. Attached to belt by
means of loops.
Description and Remarks
Shlem M-1 Soviet made.
Green.
Polish made. Oval shape, approx
15 cm high, with lid and metal
handle.
Polish made.
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Polish made.
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gliantity Item Material Description and
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Remarks
1
Individual First
Aid Packet
Unknown
Wrapped with water-proof cloth,
carried inside of blouse. Con-
tained bandage, compress and
safety pin.
1
Poncho
Water-proof
cloth
Dark green. Polish made.
2
Blankets
Wool
Dark green. Polish made.
Sheets
Linen
White. Exchanged weekly when
turned in to the laundry.
1
Pillow case
Linen
White. Exchanged weekly when
turned in to the laundry.
1
Mattress, straw
filled
1
Pistol
Soviet 7.62 mm TT Tokarev M-33.
For tank crews.
3. Issues of Additional Winter Uniform Items to Armored Personnel
Source stated that
issued specifically to
So far as Source could
Quantity Item
1 Jacket
1
1 pr
Trousers
Helmet Leather
and cloth
Boots
the following organizational uniform items wete
officers and EM of the armored branch of service.
determine these were issued to armored troops only.
Material
Twill
Description and Remarks
Green colored and quilted. Two
side pockets. One row of metal
buttons. Buttoned at the throat.
For winter service wear.
Twill Dark green and quilted. Full
length. For winter service.
Fleece lined. Ear flaps. Worn
when operating tanks.
Brown. Hob-nailed. Ankle length.
For service and dress wear.
Could be exchanged if unservice-
able.
Unfinished
leather
4. Additional Information Concerning Uniforms
Source could not furnish any details on materials, weights, designs and
construction details and regulations other than that given in section 2
above.r----ldescriptions of colors of uniforms for various branches of Ser-
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vice agreea with the information in DA Pamphlet No 30-50-2, Part II, The
Satellite Armies,
Officers and EM received a gratuitous clothing issue as explained in
section 2 above. However, EM frequently received used clothing and shoes,
since new Clothing and shoes were issued only when serviceable used clothing
was not available for issue. Unserviceable clothing and shoes would be ex-
changed when approved by unit commanders.
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Each person was responsible for his clothing and misuse or loss could
result in disciplinary action. Initial issues seldom fitted a person, but
such items of clothing could be exchanged with other EM.
Source had no knowledge of clothing sizes.
5. Description of Insignia
Source stated that there had been no recent changes in officers' rank
insignia worn on the shoulder loops and caps.- Branch of service was
Indicated by the color of piping on the cap crown, color of cap band, piping
on the overcoat, trousers and shoulder loops.
Metal buttons on officers, uniforms were usually dark colored when
istued but changed to silver after a period of wear. An uncrowned eagle
was imprinted on the face of the button.
See Annex A concerning metal branch insignia worn by Polish troops.2,3,
Source had no knowledge concerning individual identification tags.
6. Changes in Uniform
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Source stated that the style and color of uniforms worn by officers
and EM had not changed However, heard 50X1
rumors that by 1955 all service uniforms worn by officers and EM would be
of the same color, dark green.
7. Shortages
Source was not aware of any shortages of clothing, uniforms or foot-
wear in the Polish Army.
8. Changes from Winter to Summer Uniforms
Source stated that the exchange of winter for summer uniforms for con-
scripts occurred in April and the exchange of summer for winter uniforms
occurred in September each year. This was in accordance with regulations
issued by the Ministry of National Defense.
9. Wearins of Uniforms by Civilians
Demobilized officers and career NCOls Source believed, retained their
uniform clothing. However, all items of clothing and equipment issued to
conscripted EM were turned in to supply rooms upon discharge. EM received
civilian clothing from home prior to discharge. Items of army clothing
were worn by some civilians. Source had no further information.
Comment 1: Source gave the same descriptions of rank
insignia as that given in Figure 99,
DA Pamphlet 30-50-2.
0 o
r 40.0f Wi
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the same pamphlet.
Comment 2: Concerning metallic branch-of-service insignia,
the insignia sketched and described in Annex A
are not mentioned in DA Pamphlet 30-50-2,
either in metallic or cloth form. In this latter
pamphlet, no information is listed as to these 50X1
insignia. Source stated that
metallic insignia was worn mostly by officers. 50X1
Some EM wore them also.
Comment 3: See On metallic
ins gnia worn by Polish Army officers.
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Annex A
Metallic Insignia Currently Worn by Polish Officers and
Enlisted Men
1 Rrnm npra nnal observations
og e e s so nemory sketches of
metallic insignia being worn by Polish officers and EM
4, Infantry Branch
b. Artillery Branch
Source observed both insignia
but could not define their meanings
other than that both represented the
artillery branch.
c. Armored Branch
d. Quartermaster Branch
f. Signal Branch
g. Engineer (Sapper) Branch
Source observed some troops
also wearing the insignia without
the arrows.
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h. Medical Branch
i. Justice
(Similar to Judge Advocate Section)
considered by Source as a "Service."
j. Administrative
Worn by some officers in WARSAW,
who were believed to be performing admini-
strative duties on various levels and in
staff offices of the Polish Army.
k. Military Technical Academy Insignia'
"WAT" - translated as "Wojskowa
Akademia Techniczna" - Military Technical
Academy. Worn on the shoulder loops by
various officers and students of the Academy.
Note:
Officers assigned to duties as physical training, Politi-
cal, informations administration, etc, officers wore metallic
insignia of the unit to which they were assigned.
2. Source described all metallic insignia as measuring
approximately 3 cm in size and silver colored. Officers and
EM wore the same type of insignia. The metal was considered
to be soft and easily breakable.
3. Source stated that the metallic insignia was pinned
on top of the collar flashes when wearing rolled-type collar
blouses. The collar flash was described as a piece of cloth,
which was sewn to each collar. Source stated that the color,.
of the collar flash indicated the branch of service. Hence,
members of tank units wore black color collar flashes whereas
other branches of the Army wore red color collar flashes.
4. When wearing overcoats, .a rectangular piece of cloth
measuring approximately 1.5 cm was sewn on to each collar,
and the metallic. insignia was attached to the collar just
above the cloth collar flash.
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5. Source gave the following examples on wearing of
collar flashes.and metallic insignia on the blouse and
overcoat.
Rolled Collars
Blouse
Overcoat
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