MODERN SEISMOMETRIC INSTRUMENTS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00039R000200080016-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 16
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 7, 2012
• Sequence Number: 16
• Publication Date: July 15, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
Modern Seismometric Tn ~ruments
by
D, p, Kirnos and N? V. Veshnyakov
ra~'icheskaya ~
' a Akademii Nauk SSSR Seriya Geag
Tzveat1y T~ Noy ~ t J~-Y~Aug 19~~$~ pp 319"32'7 ~
Geofizicheakaya, Vol K 'er.
Russian article in Bimo P
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
STAT
 0
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
~~ZQ]~~;ftw ~'~ ~' ~S~x~'~~~~ ~C ]~,G~?~';~k~l~'~~T~;~
M~~.A.rMMaMIMMMF IM~I..H~~MF..RMF.xwwhMMM NM.IIMM.M..M.'r'INI N.MM~f'M.F
Do~'~ Ka.rnas and I~,Va Ves~iti~~,~~pv
;;~a ex read at the ~;es~~a.~.an a~' physica?matk~c~raatica1. depaa^t~
1~
of the Acadc7r~' off' Sc~.c~~ce US51Z, aa1 23 r~eaember 1.9~~7.
rant
The art^cle descra.bes se^sr.~ametric equ^p~nent developed
in ~^e:cent years aka ~]~a aa~i.sma~.o~.i.cal Zns~L~.tu1~c o~ ~~hc~
Acadcn~y o:~' S c?i encc s USa]~ ~ ~~or re c arda.nE, ground dis
~alacernents durir~,~; ear~tl~qual~es tl~.ere ,has been de~reloped
~,
a ne~~~' tJ1~e o~ seisma~raph ~~r~.th ~alvanamet~^ic re ~ister~
ing; ~'o~^ ~^ecorda.n~ dy~7~a~~v.c ~~^ound do:~orma~a.ans M an
electrorna~net~.c ex~,ensometerd
~']~ere are presented theoret^cal ~undsmen~al.s relative
to the instruments described a~~d their cha-~ac;~~eristics,
and their scope o:~ tl~.eir u`L.~.l^zat~.on is indicated,
Until recently the pr^ncipal attention o~ seismolo~sis~s was
~,- ~ o~ the Internal structure off' the earth and
directed 'to the ,,~,udy
e~ctent toward investi~at?~ n~ the physics of the ear^`th-
only to a small
^ ~ ~,~ha.s is ex 1.ained~ among other reasons, also by the
quakE ~~ oiler a .~
'he r~1e`thod o~ the study oi' internal earth structure is
~'s,ct that t
cteri~ed b a relative sir~aplicity~ It is based on an ar~a7.ysis
chi. a y
of ro~ress of elastic waves i'ram the focus o~ the
o~ `the dur~,t~.ans p ~
r ~ ~ ~ ns ~n tY~a.s all that is .required of the seisn7o~'aph
,~e~.srr>.~.c utat~.o
ismo ram radured by it makes it po~sa.ble to da.~'-~
~.s, 'that.. the se g p
iota clearly the moments off' arri~ral o~ sepaxat~ wavy groups
fc~ent ~'
o~ ~bse;rvation~ ,Such equipment was a~railable to the
at the p o~.n~L
STAT
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
ft,~
~t',~!~'ili
modern se~.sma~.Agy' a~.d ?~o their a,amneda.ste ~ucoc~s~c~~^s
~'c~u~,clex ~ a~
ece~xt '~i~ne the px~ab~.ems Faced by se~.sma~.~a' have been
fax x
d a~ the ~.nter~~al stx~.cture a~ the eax1th
e~~aanda.ng+ 1~''ar '~11e stu y
ire ch^swn upon; ?~he cu~~~~~~ pxab:l.em h~.~ 1~e~
maa~e preca,se metl~ads
? ahenameni taking p1.ace at the very focus a~ ` tl~e
c acne 'the stuc1,,T a~ ~
s orl scisr~.c equipm~%nt .have increased ac~
eG~xthqua~~e. The demand
carclaalga.yo
. 7,ts~ cansiderecl ?L?l:lat th.c 1~as~.c task o:~' seismometr~:
~3. B. Got. Yn
~~ : , ? cements o~ a point a:C the earthy s sux?:~ace
a. s 'the recax da.ng a~ rla.spl.a
ua1~e This task remains a :fundamental one, even at
dux ~~~g an c arthq .
~. ~_ r. ~ ~ ' c and as et :i.s ~a~~ 'ram beirr~; ~'u1:~y reso7.ved. T~~e
~lae pxcac;n~ ~1.m , y
e matter is, tl~.at in tape c;nurse o:C an eartl~clual~e ~h~re
~a~ct off' th
c antic ~~yavcs of w1.de'ly divergent periocls ~ From ~'rac~
axe generated 1.
second to tens of m~.nutesm To encompass this cnttirc
lions off' a
' s b means off' a single ir~tx~,ment does not appeax' to
range a~' per~.ad y
~ and e~ridently at present there is also no need :Car
be practxcab-e!
d o~ distant earthqual~es tl~ae First phase ~.~ a~' l~ri~
~.-~ ~ .Cri the stu y
?, st? the er~.ods o:f grauncl ascilla`ca.ons in these instances
nary :~ntet e ~ p
eed ~~ seconds. Neu^~?by and local. e~'`l~hqu~ses display
rax~.ly exc
lions the period o~ which is From 0~2 to ~M6 secondse
ground asc~.l.~a
., -~ - em~7t at an accurate reproducta.on a:C the ~;raund oscil-~
He,ncc tna alt },
- scan be lz.n~,tecl to this section a~ the seismic spectx~zm.
l~.t~.an
considerable in~crest are. also the'velacity and accelera~
of
' ~ ea,rthl s sL~:Cace, as ti-re1.l as its d.e~'ax~nlations on
lion off' a point o
' ~.c waves. ;~o~revez~, in physa.cal seismala~r' .these
passage o~ seism.
?'ties are as yet o~ a subordinate, sgni:Cicancem
quan~x.
st reliable apparatus f.or recarcling oscil~
The slmpleat ax~c>. ma
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
? ~, sur~ac~ ~~ the penc~ulu~~ ~c~a.sxn~agxaph wa.th a
~,a`~~.c~xas a~ the ~ area ~
? f ~ sfi,em that a,s w~,'~hou'~~ ~~y a.x>,~crr~eda~a~~G
c~.re ct cpt~.c ~,~ r~ ~ ar~~~~f~ ~'
. ? ,?' ~, ~,~~rer~) ~ ~n order to reduce to a m~.naa~
nlechaxla.ca~. amp~.~..~a.ca~,~.o
. ~ b r the dev~.ce ~ ~t a.s a.nd~.sperasa,b~.e `ohs;~ floc
floe c~~.star'~a.Qns Cauaed ~
a ~ psc~,llatians tae ~.a.'~,t~,e a:~:~ec~'~ed by :~re~
ampla.tude a~' the aaendu~,ti ~
,., , , ~ a~~a.ons s.nd ~ha~ 'the phs,se a7apro~c~.~ma'~e
c~uency o.G a.~npelled osca.~.~. ~
~ex~oo~'~~
= r e ~x'e .L1,ency and phase charao~eri.s'~a.cs o:~ 'Ghe
~ansa.d~,rJ.ng th Cl
. ~ - ~,~~ o~ regiS~,rrl.t~.ar~ is ;cx~rproved
sel.a~ila~J.^aph ~.?~ ~a~..lo~rs ~ha~ quaff, ~'
^ ~ ,' n~ eriocl and decreasin?a damp~.ng off' 'the ~aendulum.
with incx a~,sa.nr~ p
incres,sed 'by two methods ~ h~l as?r;ati~~a'~ian
~.Che period can 1~e
~, ~ duced lengtla~ Astat~.~ation a.s a very e~W
and by inc:reasa,n~ the re
' ursc it has a na'~uz^al limi'L ~.n thepro~,i~'
~'ective means, but, of ca s
. ~ endulum loses s'~a~~il7.ty~ Increase a.n the reM
~~, ~y ox wha.ch the p
:~'aa.rl~ considerable, lout wa.th its an~~aliiica-
duced lcngtl~ can be made ~
z a.s correspondingly decreased' ~rh~-ch can~ac~.s us
~rion, of the sys Derr ~~In~,
' ~, recording inethocls~~tecl~na?cal passibil~.ta.c's
to resort, '~o electr~-ca.
' ' entl diversified. Ho~reverg all electx^ical
:for which axe su~.~~.c~. ~'
. ^' ~ all clis lacements ~ Vrith thG ercept:~on off.' 'the
methods o:~ nee ~.su~ a.ra.~, sm P
uire e~:~,ernal soti~rces a:~ currents Conditions
inclucta.on r~~ethad, xec~
.. bservatioz,s, as a rule e~c.lude the posai'oility
o:C se~.sr~.c stata.on a
since this would great,l~r car~:r~7.icate the
a~' utilising such soL~rces a
~, Golip
. ~ al aspects o:~' seismic worl~. ajar ~k~is reason ~~
ox ban~.~ata.an Z
roll lLno~~n seismographs, has utilized the in~
tsyn :~n dev~.s~.ng his ~
ductian method. .
{ -' era hs a erate ~.n acco~^da7.~.ce w~.th the.
}3, ~. CrolitsJ~ s se~.smag ~ P
dia~mam shown in ~igu.7.'e la
,, , ,.Y: , ,, ,,., , ~ . ,.,:, ~ ,u
r,n. , ,.r i . , ,,, ~ d . ~,.,,~,, ...~ ;~,. ,~~;;. .~ ,,_~. ?~:,:,. r .., ,,,,~., ,,:,,;, ,.:~. . '%! ~ :"~Y t !ah ,:, 1 q ~r,d t ~;~~g ra
t, U, 1 dl ~. :, ,,. .: ,. y
~. .;;~!e ,', t t )~ I!~ i~1 ! Y i6, i !~ fa?: f , i SPY ,,, ,
~~
~~~ y ~ '~ ~ '~ , .;.'~~ Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5 ,; , y ;! ,? ' `. ~ ??~ , , ? ?~,;~ ~ ~ ;~', y~f+,~'~3s ~4~k~,M
", ~ ~ i ,
ian factor of ~al~~anolnetric recording,,
pecta.vely,
' n at the oint of installation o~ the pendulunl~
ground accelerata.o p
 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
:~~. clesa,~na.x~~ x~~s a.nst~umc~nts a ~. 13. Ga~,~N~syn assuar~.ad the
a,nex"taXa maveanex~t ~ of ~k~e pendu~Num to have: ~ va~Nue ~~^~~~~.~ e~ceecla.n~
t]~e mave~~,ent of ~nc~:rta~a~ ~~~ of ~,l~e ~alvana~ne~~r~ Dance ~~'~ Secand
mer~bcx a~n the raN~ht hand poxt.~.on of the :~irs~ of the above equa~
taons, a.s an~.~~~Led by Cral~Ntsyn~ :fin a~Lher wards, the G~o~,a.tsyn sys~
tem ~,s charac~exazed by lack of corre~,ation bet~reen pendul~~n1 and
~alvanontetcr. A secancl characteristic of fi~]1~Ys system is the peN~
culiar select~.on of t]1.e other parameters; a.e., Gp~.itsyn makes the
period of tx~~e pendulum equal to that of the galvanometer, and sets
h a f them u at ~~he lami'~ of aperaocla.ca.tyr ~:n such a case ~- '''
bat p
n ~= ~ ~ and the analy'~ical ea'pressian of frequency character~.stic
~'or tl~e entire un_1,t assumes an extremely sample formo
'~ ~"
~. graphic representata.on of frequency and phase ch,aracteris-
~, ,,,.
~' N4~~k~YW ~ ~ ~N~X~~ 1,
dr
u
0
t Yp `5~ ~ aXp~~~ 5r, ~~~
~yyp~TNKNMMT.N'~NYNgYWIw~N+NIY'wMyu~/n~wYUWPYdIINIWIkM:MN4M.'INIMNYWMI~"`?~yr" ~1~XYfh~W~MMXM'~~MN~INwYNw,wM'wi~E~w'Mi'MKIYIWI;KJ!'OVi'~WMAWMWMl4NIX'~I'~.VYM1OUV~~~ITVRMIMMIYMMNMIffi;11114N1~~
r..w,rw~wi+?nr~wwnn'. / ! w/ ~; 7~~ Y ~ 1 ~ i ~ r
p'~ Fi~,ure 2, Gharacter~-sta.cs o.f Pendulum ~e~.sma~;raph of B. B,
Golitsyn~ a. frequency, b. phase,
the, extreme ].a.cl~ of uni.formi~y of these character7.stics
li~r~.ts t]~c scope of .the prob~.ems ~lhich can be solved by means of
such instruments, and deprives their recox^din~s of any' def;in~.te me-
chanical. meana.n~e never. theless these seismographs served .their purr
po,e, since the exce~.lent seismograms obtained by their use make
~.~~ assabJ.e to de?~ex?m~.ne with sufficient accuracy. the azimuth of
p
the epa~enter and. to delineate n~avements of initiation of individual
gaups of se].smic wavesw
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
~X~JIY,nwp~nnJyy !1 Y
tics of Golitsyn~s system a.s sho~rn~in z~~~ure 2.
 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
'~~bn~x a ~chx~ex'~~ ~ ~QL~~ai~b
' bs~ u~nt a~x~ve~t~.~ataxs ~~sx~n~x~
~~ ~ cxt~cs Q:~. Ga~.a,t~.
~.ch a~~art to a.m~xavc thc~ ~xap
and ~xe~~et) e~ci~c~ed
~~ t s :Lnstx~lmente
c xecaxd~.n~ has been xeva,~~'
enta,xe the.axy a;~ ~;a~vaname~xa.
The
has bean ~a.ven ~ta uae a~ .come a~
dc,ve~aped. ~pectia,~. a'~ten'ta.an ~ ese e~~
and s ~, reCu~.t a~ ~~~
enc~ulL~.rr~ and ~aaa.vanometex ~ ~
t~.an bG'~+wG~"n p L~renC~ C~'laraC"
i,netl a ~u,1.ly ss,t~,s~actary ~'req
~a~'ts these has been attn. was nat abtaa.ncd.
e ~ haee chars,ctex:~sta.c ~ hawevcr,
rter~.st~.c, an e,dequat p
V
1 /~1I~(
?~M' yYWwyywMw4w4M~V
flay
1~
'\ i
~~I,Jw^ ,
`~~VM;
w6w+Slw'~pv:3v~uw?w'M'^~uw~~cw~.uw.r9a.wr.nlwnrm,~+~I~{~Mrvr
~~?,auY
~ ~~~.
,./~ 1 I
~ ~ ~~ ~~~
~.
L
?41MI IF.MMUMMMIkA~1~MM~.iyF`
,.w
.
w I ... ... -..~...-_--
:. . ~ cs off' Se ~Snla~rapYa~ a. ~~~e~u.ency,
~~~..~u.re 3. Character'~.sta.
daan~~a~n~ ? "~.3; ~,alvancrnetra.c
e pendulLtim period ~ serand,s, _
b. phis .
~}~'am Cxrenet and Coulomb ?
.. 120 sec:.., dampa.nb ~ . ~~.~
pcra.od
sed excaus~-ve~-~ ~an~?pex?iad
~~,~, of ,.the above authors have u c .t~_
.s ended mab~.le co~.l~ Thee a.ns
alvanor~eters ~r~.th a ~realy sup be uta.la.zed,
.,mod ~a~^rin~;, anr~ there~~ore can no
meats do not ~,ths~ a cakes.
nd many a~' the near Wb~ e arthq
to record local. a
, ~ ~ a~t rov.de the necessa~'y salti~?
us these contr~buta.ana d~.d n p
Th
bas~.c prah~.em off' sc~.smomet~'~
ta.an. a~ the
ve made ~.t the~~r foal
. ~ gars o~' the present ~t~.cl~ ha
Thc, autl resent~day
' smo rarph, w~,rch would meet ~,he p
to pxav~-de a tie o~ ,sea. ~ duces ground
a that is an,e ~wh~.ch repro
requa.rements of se~.smal ~ 'ram 0.2 to ~
earth~,uake, nth a pera.ad ~
osca.~.lat~ons ~ dura.n~' an
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
where
is the frequency cl~arar,?~era.s~:i.c c:~i' ~,he penc~:~~.lurn ~araper, and
~rr:i.od of ~rotiin.c~ asc~.lla,~~ions ~.._.~..~_..~.
~e~~:~ocl of free c~sc~ ~.la~~,ons o:~ pendu~,um
'1'he va~.uo ~a,~~ren by ~h.e expressioz~
,~ ds wa.~h - ~.~.~ud~,na~ and ~~h~,se d~,s~px~~a.axxs nc~~ sxcQ~da.n~
~a~r~n a ~
ues ~~~.,xl..~ ~T1C~1a1,1~'~d~ ~n sa doa.x7,~ we have r~ve~~~~ed
~ercexx~ o~ the val. ~
, , . ~ ~ s~~~n o~ ~~ ~, ~ro~.a.~syn~ ~k~at ~.~ we k~av~ a~anclonad
~o ~h~ ~.na.~:~a~. y'
the ~~~~ o~ a rorre:la~a.on be~weex~ ~cndu~.um and ~aa~.vanax~a~erd
A mare de~aa.:~ed s~u~y o:C ~hc~ ~arolalem has sham ~~ha~ ~'re-
.uonc charac~~era.s~~,cs can be conven~.en~7,y represen~ed a.n the ~'oa^m
~ Y
afi;
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
~il~ere
~ ?~' x~aund oscx:l.~.Gti'r~a.a~~~ ~M~..~~/}-. s ~ a,
ef /'~ MM..M..Iw~1...F?N.N.W..~'.w.MW (^r 1 a
4r~a {(?-J
~, .,~. ;,, ~ ;,......; ? ~~,~~ o~ca.~.~.s,h~~.on,~ o:~ ?~he a .
i -~ ~ ~~.^a.uc1
i
, .. cans ~n~ a da.;~tart:LOn o:~ tl~e drew
~a:l.a.t a.s the one
'~1~.e ~lti ~'' .a
~~ ~ ~ i..re t~n'~.t '~~ra.th i^E,;~pec?~ ?Lo ~~.e :~'xe~.
enc ~ chaxacter:~sta.c a~ the end.
c~u .e n~u
In such case
UM
-~ ? ~^~.s?~a.c o~ ~hE~ Saa.sxna~,~'ap~z hava.a~~ a
that xs' the ~requenc~r char~,c ~e
~?~ em ?w~.~.l Ue s~.ma,lar '~o ?~he ~'rec~1zency
salvanamet~a.c record:t~n~ ,,~st
. ^ ? r ~ o:~ a s~.mple nlech~na.ca]. ~oendu1.um~
C~1cl.rclCtel ~.at.1.C
? a su~':C:~.ca.ent~ ~ ~r~~e range o~
to make . ~ sma:l.~. over
~n ardor
~.?~ a.s rticc~;s5a~^'Y ~o a.ncroase the
aund. oscil~.a t~.on ~reC~ucnc~,e~ ~
~~~or our purpose ~-~ suffices
~~te~^ dam~?in~
~a~.vanom~ r
constant of ~ ?
? tin the limi'k~s :Cram 10 '~o ~
ain:~aa.n ~n.tl~.
tom f
are ma,i.nta~.ned
s~1otan tha:~ if these condi~~,iona
~t can 1~e read~.~.~'
~., unit w~.ll a~.so coialcide wa.th
ase characteristic of the enter 1
~hc ph.
aracterist~.,c of the pendu~.um proper.
the p~,ase ch
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
used aa~ ~~1~es~a cansa.d~~a~~,ar~s U~ ~~ K:~x~~~a ~~l~a~~, ~~,~~~~~~
rles~.~,ns a:~ seisama~~~apha~
~'i~;ure ~e llarizan~~a~. se~.sma~;raph ~c~es~i.gned ~y ~ ~~ ,:ISa~rnos;
~. Penduaut~~ ~. a~~and, 3a ~a~ s~17r~.ngs~ 14.E ~nduct9.on coil, ,~~ ~'er~
e ~
mane ixt magnet
The seismagraph :~o~^ recorda.ng horizontal displacements of
the ground is shown a.n figure ~e pendulum 1 is suspended. from stand
2 on two pairs of leaf springs 'm x11ductian coil ZI. is fastened at
~;he end of the penduluzr~ arm a~.1d is located with~_n the cleara?ice of
the pe~~manen?t inanet ~~ ~x'~ens:i.ve and detailed computation and ex-
perimental. work has been conducted to ensure the stabi.l:i.ty of the
pendulum a.t a lame period, The reduced length of the pendulum is
of about 26 centimeters o The pea^a_acl off' free osc%11.at~.ona can be
brought up to 2~ secandsa Dampa.ng of the pendulum O,~.LD ~0~~~
Over the entire se:i.smic range of period the instru;men~ i.s Free of
paz?asit:LC oscillata.anse
't'he desa.gn of the, gal~vaname~~er differa somewhat from those'
of the conventional systernsd '~'rLe mobile coil. is suspended, by means
of two terlsian springs and is ~.rnmersed in a char oils As a whale
it is ~^eminiseen~~ of a law freclueney loop a:E ~;rca~tly ex;~i~,nded da.w
mension5? The d~.mping con~~ant of the. galvanometer aan be brau~ht
to ~0-60. With oa11y Plectrama~ne~ic tllrattl_ing, the., darning .cons
Cant. a.s e ual to 10~-~,Zo Sensibila.ty o:~ the galvanometer, a.s of abau~
cl
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
~t~~rf~ ...t'~~"ti':, ,,...~r~'~J,~~~i4~~~l~.wi~d ti .... w,a. ~ .,,... ~rl~~-'~ (k~~;d' ', j,.ifN
 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
p?
~~ (~~~~ ~~f~ ~
~ ~ x ma,~.~,~.ma~erA ~'1~.~~ ~a~,vaxlca~ne~,~r is nab affac ~
~ Nd bar
~arx1~n~ and can be u~~,~,i~ed even wa.~ '
ha.n ~l~e e,pa cen?~ra~. zone,
z~a.~ure ~ shows a coinpara.soz~ of the :~
.regl~,anc,y and phase ch~~'a,C-
?L?a~^a.s?G~.Cu of ?Ghe f oa.lawa,n~ se1,sma ra
~ plus, ~'a,} l~a.ka.~'o~^ov sys?~o~n ~,r~,?~h
d~,rec?~ op~a.ca~. record~.n~; the pur osa of
la the a.ns?Ercim~n~ a.s recarda,n~
of ~.oc~~ and nearby ear~hc~uakes; b) Go1:i.~;s
yn sys?~~m tira.~h ~fa~.vano~
me~ra,c xecard~.n~~; fine a.ns?~ruanen?L? a.s a.n~ended far ~,
z ecarda,r~~ d:~s?~an?~
ear?~hqua~~es; c) ~xrnas system wa.?~h ~~alvanom~?~z~.i.c
xocoz^da.n~; ~;he
~na?~~^urr~o.n~ :is ad.ap?~ed :~'or rocord:~n~ J.oca~. and 1 a ^.. ~~
~ ax by as wc~ ~,~, as a,
.m~ljoz^ ,por~a.on of dis~;~,n~ ear??~17quakes,
`f
7r 4 a ~L-1.
'
,'
~'~.~u~^e 5,' ~~~,~m~ar on a,~'' f'regez~c ari~~ ~h
r~""j?
Y
ase
h
?
"
~~,
~ 1
c
arac
~nra.sti.cs~~'~"
?' ~ C
~' ~ o:~ seisrao~raphs of varioT~s s~~~ot~ ; a 11:i~.ki:t'
~ ~ w ti oa. ~ ~,~ ~ ~~.sys~e~i; ~ b. Croli~-
~
~'
,
--.-....~...~.....~,..~.~' ~,~..~~:..~..~~.~.~..~.,,~Yn sYs~em, c ~ l~~.r as sys
y~7/^y~m ~,~
/
sic
~n the ~;rapl~, s.llo~an, a1:L ~;hree frequenc~r
reproduced an ?tl~e same sca,:~e
.1~~ ~,~
cha.ra,cterist.irs a,~^c
F gore ~ sho~?rs a vex~?~a.ca1 se-1-sma~,xC~,pl~ deli . ned b
~ Y K~,rnos m
T?Ls reduced ].en~~;h ~.s of 1,~0 cen?Ea.me~c~rs~ The s-
~ab~.e period of
na?~ura,1 oscilla.~;~.on,s up to 15-20 seconds
S+'a.~:~re ~m Ver~ica~. seismograph designed b 1~.~'
_ ~ ~ . r ~' a I~xrnos s
~p~ifica~;io~rz of ?~hese seismogr~, hs ca
p n be brou~,l~?~ up to
3000~~,OOp, Far, seisxr~.ca1 purposes this a = ,
. mp:la.:E'~,ea~a,on ~.s e~cessive9
and has t~ be reduced ~o 1000e
Ground osca.l~.a~;~.ons w~,~h pexi~cls from 0, 2 ~to
,~ seconds are
rendered by these ins~~~^umsn?~s w.i.~;h dis~arti ans
nod in excess of ,~
l0 .~
Declassified
_____ __
n Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
~,.
w 4~
want of .the quanta.ty 1~ea.n~ rnea~ure~1
pcx
u ~~s, ~ . a,ca
^ ecardin~ of severe ~.aca1 ~~^ " ~~
~'a~ the r
? w~.th thtis pug^~ose in v~.ew a ma.x~?
of ~,OOa a,s o1~va.ausly nat sua.tab~.e
~s by means of wha.ch da.x~ct
rox is fastened, near the pendulum ~ ~
. , o~^~,~,~, deva.ce. An~p~.~~~,ca'~~.an
ord~.n a.s made us7.n~;' a ; peca.al rec ~
rec ~
.s case a,s ?qua~, to 1-~.~
~.n th
? above are a.ns'k,al.lecl and a,a~ naxrr~al.
~`he seisma~;raphs desct abed ?
' n `~ad~ha.ks'~an~ -a~,ala.nabad, 017a.MG~axm~
opexat:i.on at sea.sma.c s?L? ata.ons a the are
~ yalta~ Uurin~; the cux"z1ent year Y
~x dab ~ Kulyab and also a
umber a~ our other sPa.sr~.c stations.
to be a.ns ~~a:~.led also at a n
of these instrurr~ents have demonsM
Records obtained by means e an le
? ~ eix use in the determinat~.on of th ~
traced the possab~.:l.a..ty of ~h
ea~;~an.ce of indiva.dual group' of
off" e .Tess of seismic rada.ations. App r
with real claxa.ty; as a resul'~ a.t wa.~
seismic graves s ~.ndica,ted ~ ~ ~ ns x~e1.ative
,, ~' e at a number of in'~erestan~ conclu~~a-o
;found poasap~-e `~o arx a.v
structure of Certain districts of
to necula.ax~.ties a.n the antcrna~.
.L
Tad~haltiastana
?, ? ~ ~ ent in these inst:cument;~ are not- con"
The po~sa.ba.la,ta.cs ~.n1er ~. ecome x1eres-
t ~~hus9 for example, s~u~-d a.~ b
fined to thoJ~e poa.nted ou
en:~ but ,the velocity of 'the ground
nary. to recoz^d not the da.splacem
bc: sufficien'~ to substi?~l~te for ~~he
duxin~ an ear'~ltiquake, at would
r a shoe^t-~per~.ad ~alv~.nam~tet^ with
' alvanarl~ete
above??described aper~-oda.c ~ M
? 1e limit of aperiodicaty, ~f a.t a.s, neces
dcs~pin~ approxima't~.n~ tl ~ rake
celerations it w~.ll be suff~.casn~ to
sar'y to record.. ground ac
sus pension device of the seismo~x'aph~
more rigid the 1
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
?~ off' oaa~'r~h~s surface, and off: a.ta.
to a.nvest:i,p~at ions o~ d~.s~a~.s,cemen .. ~ a,nvest~.~
~:~ a.s ea~pedient '~o su~ap~.emen~ thsae
dex .vata.ves, a.n ta.rr>,e. , ~ ~ ~~xaund on
c~a~a~~mat~.onss ar~,sa.n~ ~~~.Lh~n the ~
s,?~a.ons by ~, study o~ ~ ccaL~se such
waves ~ha.s is neCesary ~,~~.so b
tl~e pa~asa,~e o~ sFaa.sr~~.c
~.~ in physa.ca~, sea.sma~.o~-;~Y' bu'~ al'o
do~ax~mat ions ax`e a.~~ox'~an'G nat on ~'
' c ,:ea~,o~y and en~~.necsx~.n~~ sea,smo~.a~
a.n se:~s7.rn. ~
~?' s d:~xec'h~a.on at vara,ou,s times
~,he ~'ew attempts undertaken a,n tl~~.
? naw have na'~ ya.elded a satis:~actorl
by ~ore~.~;n scientists, up to
h~zc~ by ?~l~e fact tha'~ the
xesult~ ~~liis is expla~.ned on the one ~
~ S riot bee11 SL1~~iCi~1lt~.y x'ea~..iZed,
essit afi study~.n~ de~oxms.t~.ona ~.a
nec ~'
~remont o:C deformatians is consider-
and on .the other, becaL~se a measu ~hs.
Zan vn~asuremcnt o:~ absol.u'te d~. splacemen
ab7 ~ maxc di~'t'a.cu~.t ~~
Pment o~ def armc~tions a,s reduced '~o a
As is knoti~, measux ~ , ~ ate o:~.r~~s o~
wive transposition off' two pxo.~am p
xr~asurement o~ a red. ~ i,Ve transposiw
, .the s~.maa7.est instance thls relat
the env:~xonmen~* :Ln
tiara ~~ is given by the ~'armula.
~ ~ ~' ~
trans ~asition at' one o:~ the points 9
whexe~-n ~ ~-e the absolute ~
.c ante between the painta selected.
whi7.e dx is t~~e d~.~t
n unlima.ted medium, along the
~,et us naw assume., that with~.n a
axis X there is pxopa~ated the wave
itu,de t ,.. time, '~ .`. peg^iod o:C the wave,.
whe re ~ - a.s the amps. ~
C~
ml2
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
nt coaxd~.nats, ~ M wavy lor~.~?~h~
c~uxxc
s$~.Qated po~~Ga.oa~ w~.1.~ ~~
Ghanx~e a~ length o~ ,thy
~ ue a:~ tha.s expo"~ss~.an w~,~11 ~1~ m~~
Camp~'~-n~ ~~he r~iax-.mum vC ~,
~~ o;C absolute da.s:~~lacernent' we have,
~~~
= ~c?tually 'the length a:~ seis-
This a.s a very small quant.~ty
tors and -tons o~ Milometers; the
m.-ic graves a.s measured ~n kslome meters
e?ters m Asstiuna.n~ ~~ ~ 1QQ0
len ~th af' the base - by several r~
meters, we :E~.nd that the relate-ve
usually r~ucl~ hl ~ha~^) and r~ = 2
C be about 10~ ?ta.mos less ?than
' ~ acernent o:E two such po;i~nts x,.11
da.spl
r ? nd this a.n the most favorable insw
?their al~salute da.splacement~, a
Lance,
.i.ons we have designed equipment
I`or the recard~-n~; o~ de:~oxmat
al sources of e1actra.caJ. current
wha.ch also does nat requ~.re extexn ~ a
?t ~,s ca1.led a se:i.sm~.c extensometer,
The correspond?-n~ ynstr~.unen
~, uxatian is sho~~n in. f';i.~ure 7 ? ~,
d:~a~ram of ~..ts conf ~ ~ ~ ~TM,~?,~, ,~~.,~
~ ~~
~ ~ ~,~
~{ r
,, ~ of Se~.sr~.c ~xtensometer?
~~,~ zre 7 e Da.a~'
d a~; a distance o:l' 1~~
T~~o a.ron pa-pes are ~'~.xed in the ~rou.n
r ~.s ~~,s~ened a hora.zontal
fxom each other. To ore ~~ the p~,pe~
meta~"s~
.. 13 A
C!
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
+;~~ ,,
~i:~~
' c tra~~: ~Armur a~ a.nduct~.c~~~
?the other an e~,ectrama~net~ ~ cl~langes,
rod ~y ~,a
e da,stance betvreen. the p~,pes
~ ~ur~n~; an earthquake th trama~~
'~~~~ ~ ? ~~ all the e ~e C
' c~~ 'the ha~a.zantaJ, rod a,ct~ up ,
as a re su1.'t o:~ who. .~ ~, a:~ ms,~ne'ta~c a.nducta.on
~'a.~~uxe t3) ~ thus 'the ~.~.
neta.c transformer ~ ~ ~ chan~~e o~ :C~.~~x ~.~
., dL1C'~~.an caa~l c11an~cs. '~ha,
wh~,ch permeates the .~n
cr fence ar c~iver~ence a:~
ue off' re~.ata,ve cony 6
.,~
~
va~
.
,.
.
. the
t1.011~,.~, t0 ?. ~..
~ ap or ` N~,,,r,,,,.,~...~-.~
p" I ryM.YWIh ~
IL each O'l,hc,r , YrgW"~?.~11NM.t~MAI M ~ ~
the p~.pes, ~,a~rlards o' bra. `?,,. ~ ~
,~~,w,,,,~..
. ~~ cc?trama~n~~t~-c 'trans armer.
~urc ~' '
~'~. ~ r ,r' ~'" ~"'~ /,~'~r f'~~i '
f r !" I f' ;"
~r ! ~~~ ~'~! ! /
to the ~;alvanorne~ter o~ the
' duct~.on coal ~s connected
the ~.n
.. , , ;~a.c1.ent7:y extensa.ve damp~n~
w escribed ~~'pei W~.th sub
above d meter, ?Lhat a.s, a.ts devia-
vanameter ape1^a~Les as a flux~a nd
such a ~a1 net .c ~'ll~x, a
? ' nal ~to the chan~eS o~ the mad
t~.ans are propoxt~-o
the relative tranepos:i.t~,on
a.n tl~,e f ~.nal analysa..s, to
consequently'
ox' the pa.pes
r e laced at r~,~ht a11~1e~ to
? ree o:~ such eXtensomei~er~ ~' P
~~ th" ~alvanometcr off' tl~e
are connected a.n ser~.es to a ~
one another and ~ro~ortional
' sons a:~ the latter ~r~ll be Z ~
ve..men:t~.oned type, dev~tiet
abo f whose edges are loca-
~bic unfit a~ the ~raund along
to changes o~ cti
meat may be called a seisms-r,
?~ ensometers. Such an ~.ns~txu
ted 'the eXt ~ r o:~ llreM
n be abta~.ned a record~.n~ p
' atometer. ~y its use thexe ca the ,resence o~
d~.l lycated by }~
`' al waves, a recorda.n~ no't comp
ly lan~itllda.n
transve~^a1. wavese
Academy o~ Sca.ences ~~SR
eo b: s.oal ;Cnstitute
G py
~~ lJ 1~.~+
~,ece:~ved ~'or publa.c:ata.on
3 :~axclz 19 ~~
 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5
?~+~
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J05/07 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200080016-5