UNITES INDUSTRIAL WORKERS AND FARM WORKERS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00039R000200020052-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 14
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 15, 2012
• Sequence Number: 52
• Publication Date: May 15, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

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Unites Industrial Workers and Farm Workers
Rabotnichesko velo, Sofia, 1 Nov 1951
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50X1-HUM
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CONFIDENTIAL
UNITES INDUSTRIAL. WORKERS AND FARM WORKERS
M- Sofia,'Rabotnichesko Delo l Nov 51
The great Socialist October Revolution demonstrated to the
communist parties that the victory of socialist revolution and
the building of socialism are unthinkable and impossible with-
out the creation of an indestructible militant union between
the working class and the working peasants, under the guidance
of the working class, Studying the history of the great Bolshevik
Party, the Blagoev-Dimitrov Party carries on a determined struggle
for the creative mastery of the Leninist-Stalinist doctrine and
its application toward unity between the working class and the
working peasants and struggles to acquire the ability to estab-
lish this union in Bulgaria,
The Soviet Union gave the Bulgarians a shining illustration
of the principle that only on the solid basis of the union between
the working class and the working peasants can a consolidated dic-
tatorship of the proletariat be established and. a socialist society"
50X1 -HUM
be built.
The experiences with the people's democracy as a new form of
proletarian dictatorship again proves with new vigor the truthful-
ness of the teaching of Lenin and Stalin of the enormous importance
of the union between the working class and the working peasants in
the transition from capitalism to socialism.
According to? Georgi Dimitrov, during the period of the narrow
socialist trend (tesnosotsialisticheskiya) in Bulgarian communism,
the Bulgarian Communist Party was not following the concepts of
Lenin concerning the union with the peasants and had not under-
stood the role of the working peasants in the proletarian revolution
CONFIDENTIAL
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CO
~a~c~Tl~l
and the building of a socialist society. This was one of the
fundamental questions upon which narrow socialism differed in
principle with Leninism and bolshevism. The attitude of tae
narrow socialists towards the peasants, so very different from
the concepts of Leninism, explains a number of political mistakes
of the BCP before the September uprising in 1923.
One of the principal objectives of the PCP for its total
bolshovization, inspired and guided by Georgi Dimitrov in collab'-
oration with Vasil Kolarov, was the struggle to introduce and apply
bolshevist policy to the peasants and. to achieve the militant union
of the working class and the working peasants.- The first decisive
step in the establishment of this union was made by the BCP in the
September uprising of 1923. In the fire of the common fights of
Bulgarian workers and peasants and with the blood of thousands of
dear ones who gave their lives during the September uprising of
1923 the militant union of the working class and the working peas-
ants grew up and was consolidated. Grown wiser by the mistakes made
on 9 June, the Revolutionary Committee of the BOP September uprising,
headed by Georgi Dimitrov, came out with `the slogan for the creation
of a united front of the working people, the foundation of which
was the union between the working class and the working peasants.
The articles of Georgi Dimitrov on the united front, published in
1923, are the first important contribution to the struggle and the
efforts of the BCP for introducing Bolshevik policy for a union
between the working class and the working peasants, without which
there can be no victory of the proletariat or of socialism. Under
the guidance of Georgi Dimitrov, the faithful student and associate
of Lenin and Stalin, the BCP has always understood and expressly'
CONFiDENTtAI
i
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A
VV4IS
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CONFIgEN114 I
pointed out that the united front of the woxking class and peasants
has nothing in common with the class collaboration advocated by
some others. The united front represents the common, active
struggle of the working people, under the guidance of the working
class, for the attainment of a clearly defined fundamental ob?
jective ~- the courageous and unified struggle against bourgeois
reaction, fascism and the capitalist yoke.
During the entire period, from September 1923 to 9 September
1944, the BCP has maintained the struggle for the creative applica-.
tion of the Leninist-Stalinist teaching for union between the work
ing class and the peasants and for the establishment and the strength.
ening of this union in Bulgaria. In the determined realization of
this Bolshevik concept, the BCP, headed by Georgi Dimitrov, had to
carry on a ferocious and prolonged struggle against the influence
exerted on the peasant problem by the social democratic concepts
of the narrow socialist wing, as we11 as against the left-wing
_Trotskyite concepts concerning the role of the peasantry and the
Agrarian Union, The treacherous Trotskyite stand of the left-.
wing-.sectarian faction, which had temporarily usurped the leader-
ship of the BCP, is seen most clearly in the resolution of the
Fourth. Plenum of the CC of the BCP, held in September 1933. The
~th
Plenum proclaimed the Agrarian Union and the Social Democratic Party
were the principal enemies of the proletariat and the Party.
Under the hard conditions of fascist dictatorship in Bulgaria
the united front of the working class and the peasantry transformed
itself into a mass anti-.fascist movement which directed its blows
against capitalist and fascist reaction. As Vasil Kolarov declared:
"The union between communists and agrarians during the September
1923 uprising, and later the National Block, the National Front and
CONFIDENTIAL.
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CONflFJENT1At?
the Fatherland Front, are all links in a chain of mass nation,
struggleagainst fascism, the monarchy and the reaction Ma
..s
struggled which were terminated by the decisive peoples victory
on 9 September 19W'Qn the basis of
the military victories of the Soviet Army and
the solid union between t1 Bulgarian workers and
supported by
peasants ? before 9 Sept 44 -? a mass partisan movement developed
-
in Bulgaria as a clenched. fist against the Hitlerite occupants and
ascist$. During the partisan struggle, which found
the Bulgarian f
war of liberation being fought by the Soviet Army',
support in the
the militant union became even more solid between the working class,
which was guiding the anti.-fascist fight, and the peasantry, who were
actively supporting the fight.
the Fatherland Front durign the anti-fascist
The. creation of
struggle was the most vivid and realistic expression of the BCPrs
policy for aclose union with the working peasants and all patriotic
elements in cities and villages. The BCP and-Georgi Dimitrov have
always considered the Fatherland Front, under the guidance of the
t class, to be a militant union of working people and patri?
working
otic elements among the Bulgarian people,
of the victorious march of the Soviet Army against
As a result.
the EIitlerite occupants, on 9 September 1944 there emerged, victori-
ous and triumphant, the policy of the BCP -- the policy of the salu
tary Fatherland Front -- the basis of which is the union between the
working class and the working peasants.
After 9 September 1944 the BCP?s policy of union between the
..
working class and the peasantry became the cornerstone of its entire
.
activity.
the teachings of Comrad Stalin concerning the unity
Guided by
cot4ciQENt
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CONFVDEN11Al
~n easants, anr~ boxrow~.ng Exam
of the woxk~.ng c~.ass and tlie waxy g ~
fence of the soviet Un3.an, the BCC'
the rich and exemplary expex
set as one o~ its most impo~flt objectives the Wtnning of the
the working peasants ?- poor and.
wholehearted cooperatton a~ CO?
of a people rs democratic state and
middle ?? for the exertion
:building socia.1ism. At the. Fifth Party Congress the teacher
? 8s Ctenrgi Dimitrov, underlined the
and /codex of the Bulgara. , p
'$ democratic state successfully ful
px~.nc~ple that the people
` One
filly the Functions of a dictatorship of the proletariat.
of the principal and fundamental conditions for consolidating
~.
ul aria as adictatorshipof the
the peoples democracy in B g
? and strengthening of the union
proletariat is the consolidata.on
and the working peasants. In accordance
between the working class
'on during the first years of
w3,th the principle the main realizata.
Bing Se tember, was the consala.dation
aria development, after 9 P
eo le
litant front of the working p p ,
of the Fatherland Front as a m~.
guided by the working class. Its role was to unite all working
in the people's democratic government.
people and patriots with
ned'b the Party after a prolonged and
This objective was atta.?'t. Y
bitter struggle to rout the reactionaries, Nikola Petkov and
others, who were In opposition to the followers of Gemeta (Dr.
o cleanse alien reactionary elements from
Geaxgi Dimitrov), and t ,
the Fatherland Front.
a Party policy the reliable and honest`
As a rest of than
came convinced of the error of
leaders of the Agrarian ..Union be
nde endent agrarian government is not
claw policy ?~ that an i p
the A rarian .Un3.on in Bulgaria plays an
as~und policy. Today, g
tin and winning over "to the cause of
important pmt in attrac g
B he easan,ts and working people
u:i,garia socialistic construction t p
CONfID~NTIAI
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it
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CONFIDENS~A~
d for other ~eason~, are
ho by traditions by ;heir ideas an
w , to the
Nat~.one,~. ,agrarian Union than
closer to the Bulgaria Communist
om the book 4n the Wark of the....
BCP" (a excerpt fr
ov a~e'27~, Publication
n "the V illa e by ~~lulko Chexwenk , p
o? the BCP, 1951~~ ed and cones
.ts leader and teacher, the BCP wag
Inspired by 1 attempt and
citable fight again$t every
t~.nues to wage an irrecon
im artance of the Father
as iration to underestimatethe p
every p
eons belief that the Fatherlan
land Front, and against the erron
therefore, be liquidated.
has layed its part and should,
Franc p
fuel/ lead to undermining the
a belief and attitude can ac Y
:Such clans andthe
union between the working
Pay pol~.cy for ..the
.ion of the .Party from the
as well as to an ~-solat
peasantxy,
e masses of the people.
larg i Di~nitrov .and
stressed many times by Georg
- It has'been class
the .union betweenthe working
Comp^ad Vulko Chervenkov that d Front.
is the backbone of the Fatherlan
ana the working peas~t~
kin peasants on the road
hat union the BCP.leads thewor g
Through t es of
with its. deeds the advantag
to socialism il~.ustrating 1ism.
to heir situation under .capita
socialism as compared
nce the Party consolidates the
learning from Soviet experie ~
and the working peasants in the
ion between the,workingclass
~ ective of the
the extremely important obj
process of realising Est transformation
ent of Bulgaria .- the social
soc9.alist developm mall-scales private
a riculture from its present s
of Bulgaxi~n g uides and
o ~,~+s democratic state g
d " r~a.tive position. The pe p
an p e network
erative;~. It creates a larg
e1sistsfarm workers coop
sand trains aau~.nis~trative
,chine.tractor stations, assa.gn
of
py$~,`gA ~~~,
Q P W~'r EMI 71 M
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'`''i
sk~~r
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CONFIUENTIAV.
ersonnel fox` farm workers' coopexatives~ and extends varied
p
e ial su ortand poZa;t~,ca1 assistance to the
f~.nancial and mat r pp
easants who have joined farm. workers' cooperatives
working p
e de~re~.o ment of farm workers' cooperatives is based on en-
Th p
and siren thening the union between the working class
larging g
and the working peasants. Farm workers' coaper~tives are a
' d solid foundation for the active participation of
r~.ch an
n socialist construction and for. transforming
worka.ng peasants i
' easants into hard working members of social
Dulgarn.an work~.ng p
ist society, The cooperative labor movement cannot be success
~ concrete warkfor consolidating the political
fu1 Without Co..Stan
o is union between the working class and the working
and econ m
peasants..,:'
' ,' ov has often stressed the fundamental Stalinist
Georg. D~.m~.tr
com lete realisation of a lasting economic union
concept that. the p
in class with the working peasants through the farm
of .the .work g
t fives is feasible and possible only by absolute
workers..coopera
. e voluntary principle... in cooperate on, The. Lenin
observance of ~Lh
e for voluntary participation in farm workers
ist~Stal~.nist principl
fires diligent` and regularwork among: the .poor and
cooperatives requ
n Dul aria to convince them of the advantages of
middle peasants i g
'coo erativesover private farms This is the :only
fax~n workers p
' between the working class and. the working peasants
way the union
? oculist society can be permanently consnlidated4
for bua.lding s
' Lion of the fundamental. Leninist?Stalinist'principle
Each v~.ola
or the voluntary unity of working peasants in cooperatives under-
f
ion between the working class and the working peasants,
m~.ne s the un
The party is a resolute opponent of any kind of demagogy sny
CDNF16E~tlA~
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F,~kf:'hi
~~!p
~,:,,~
^
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CONFID~~dTI~~
una,~ealist~.c or easy promises to the peasants or atte~lpts to h~,de
the difficulties which lie ahead on the road ofi Bu~.gar~.an socza~.~
ist CaristxuCtion.
The Dim~.trov trend of the Party's attitude towards the
peasants was followed and developed further by Comrade Vulko
Chervenkov. Th~.s policy was bril],iantly expressed in his report
before t'he Plenum of June 1949, before the Plenum of January 19~0~
before the Second Nat~.onal Conference of S'arm workers' Cooperatives
before the Plenum of October 19~0~ before the agitators of the,BCP
fromthe Sofia Orkugand before the Plenum of April 1951.. The
.Party policy of permitting and en7.arging the possibilities for
the peasants to freely trade in surpluses of agra.cultural pro-
duction is aimed at the establishment of a solid and lasting
union between the woz^ka.ng class and the working peasants and be-
tween the People's Government and the peasants. As a fiaithful
-and worthy continuator of the Bolshevik policy of Georgi Dimitrovi
Comxade Vulko Chervenkov has pointed aut'many times, and with
great emphasis, than all mistakes and perversions'of the Party
Pol~.cy towaacds the poor and middle throughout the country are
actually,a blow at thi union between the ..workers and the working
peasan~s9 and result in the obstruction and disruption oi' soc3.al~,st
construction in Bulgaxia.
The struggle against the perversions and mistakes in local
'.application of Party policy and in .Party :.work for the organizat-
~.onal and economic consolidation of farm workers' cooperat~.ves
will result in the more extensive and complete winning over of
tl~.e peasant masses fox building socialism. The success of this
..Party policy depends greatly upon oux attitude regarding the
CONFI~E~~Ik~.
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__
r~
',,.
I{
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CONfIQENTIAI
bilit ~a wln them aver unreservedly
middle peasants and. on a~' a ~'
The advice of Camrad Vulka, Chervenkov
for build3.ng socialism.
id~.ng principle of the .work
must serve as a fundamen'~a1 and ~
n extremely cautious. not to treat the
in vll7,ages: We .must be
ss,nts as though they .were kul,aks;
mare prosperous middle pea is
careful note-~o proclaim working middle peasan
we must also be
?'cal o inians". The entire woxk
kulaks because of their polita. p
'th xespedto villages is founded. upon
and policy.. of the Party ~
that the lasting and ever-strength-
the irrefutable Bolshevik truth..
ass and the working peasants is
ening union between. the waxking cl
the. basis of the socialist state....
teachings concern~.ng.theunionbe-
The-Leninist-Stalinis
easants reveals that
the working class and the working P
tween
s connected with an'irre-
realization of this union i~ alway
Lhe
e a ainstcapitalist elements. in villageS~
conca.lable class struggl g ,
oit the labor of the working .peasants.
d against kulaks who expl
an
,
;~,
ave often stressed that the class .;struggle ',1;~':
Lenin and Stalin h ~,f~~:
eriod from cap~.tal~.sm to ,,,
the -~ran,sitianal p '+''?~`~'~:
~r1
gains strength during
~~~5'~~
~+ ~ sk of fighting the kulaks cannot be ,;~~~,;;
socialism, and that the to , ~~~~
~~~
t ~~~;~~?
an agreement with the middle ~, },,
`i`4~~<
sepa~~ated from .the task of reaching , ti~~w
t~ rJ,
L '~~1' I
+~~`~.
e rose arable fxom the task of ,,r~~.
~~;~
peasants, and these two .tasks ~' p -r `r~~,,
,~ ~,~
~~~~~~
' the va.llage
illaxs of the Party ~.n ,F~~Yr.
the poor into p ~~;~;~.
transf Orming , ~~r 7i~k
7~~h~k:
e II page 123) ','~r'E;
Woxks Volura ~ ;?~
(Stalin Selected ~~+T~~T
~ ~
socialist transf orn~ation w~~
In view of the present stage o~ the ,U;~~r~~~
~;~~~
}~~~ ~'
s Comrad Vo Chervenko'~r draws the ~~~,i~~
~,:~ .
of the. Bulgarian village.. ~ ~f~':
~qs~~, ..
' t must now direct the fire of ~~
ct that ~- _ ~,u
Paxty~ s attention to the fa
' festations -and acts, that is to say9 ~~~~,~
ht :against illegal mana,
fi
~''"!
g
the
s~
s a
~. e activity. ' At present the BCP enfoxce .:..against kulak ,~abotag
CUNFIQ~PdT6AL
PY pp _ ;
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 Y~?
~h~$d
Pi., w,
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CONFIDENTkt~l
im,inating the. ~,ulaks as a class by
policy of lacali2ing and el
~,~ al measures This is one of the
using a whole series of ~
nal economic and political con-
conditions for the oxgan~.2,atia ,
C Ca0 eratives~ far strengthening ~~
colidation of farm workers p
een the working class and theworking
eX~ending the union-betty
e ra id building of socialism in Bu1M
peasants and. fox the mor 1~
garia,
? conditions of the. people's democratic
Under the exista.ng
ass with the working peasants
state the union of the working cl ?
olitical union-exclusivelyo This una.on
is nod and cannot be a n
entire, policy and activity of
forms the basis for.. bua.lding the.
union of the working class with the
the people' ~ state.. The . .able
is enlarged .and strengthened in an irreconc~.
working peasants
-who is the deadly enemy.. of the
class struggle with the kulak~
oor peasants and of sacialism~
p class and the..peasants
wilding the. union of the working
In b
rincipally by the''': in~cerests of
the Party his always been guided p
nci al and most important interests of
the ~rorking class The pri p
asants under the regime oi' the people's
the ..workers. and .the .working pe
~ oincide and they will coincide. even mare.
der~ocratic government c
d in .strengthening the friendship
Bo~~h classes are equally interests
n a.n Bulgarian independence in
of ~3~.rlgara.a and. the Soviet Unio ~
in the..stru~gle for the industrial-
the fight for a lasting peace,
socialist transformation of agxi-
izata,an of the country, in .the
. ?'atin the e~plaitation of man by man. .The
culture and in e1am~n g
'ons exist between the interests-of
fact that certain contrad~.cta.
' c state ~,nd the interests of .the peasants
ea le's democrat.
the p p
ust not be overlooked. As pointed
as private owners cannot and m
CQ(~?iCci~T4Rl
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CONfIDENTlat
.out b Comrade Chervenkov~ the peasa,nt~.as ~ px~vate owner, ~~
Y
in mare on the free market. and at h~.gher
interested in self. g
siderin that he may harm the ~.nterests off'
pr~.ces~ without con ~
the state and .the worl~~.ng class.
contradictions .are not hostile anc~ do not have
But these
"c character. possessed by the contxada.ctions beM
the antagonista.
' on one. hand and the working class and the workM
tween the kulaks
o the other. Comrade Stalin points out that the
inf.peasants n
~o buildin socialism in the Saviet Union comes ~'roni
policy i r g
~ 'n s on the mutuality off' the principal interests
Lenin s teach. g
workin easants and the working classy and nn the overw
of the g p
' certain secondary contradicta.ons between the working
com~.ng of
class and the working peasants. Comrade Stalin sayst ~"Thee
' em now is to unite the middle pea ants around. the
ma~.n probl
ariat and to win them over main. The main problem now
prolet
' to ourselves wd.th the basic peasant ma,sses~ to raise
a.s to uni
' material and cultural standards and to march ahead on
the~.r
to socialism with these basic masses," Stalin,
the road
Selected Works, Volume 7, page 103)
ccordin to thin. concept of Stalinss, Comrade Vullto
~ g
Chervenkov strongly:. attacks the erroneous and harmful conception
r~ class struggle supposedlye~~ists between the workw
that a sha p
? and the working peasants. On the contrary, Comrade
a.ng class
em hasizes that the Party must stress and point out
Gherven~~ov p
n is "mutual between the work~.ng.class-and the working
.that whit
easants, which predominates over the contradictions existing
p
them. Under the regime of socialist rule these contra-
between ,
? e surmountable ands towards that ends the total policy
d~.ct~.ons ar_
? 11
~~"'~t
~ ~~,''~
. ~'~~,
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cowFiorN~~ai
of the Pea~le's Government and the Communist Party: is directed"
V, Chervenkov 11An Answer to Comrade T~ Pavlov," published in
t
the magazine Novo.Vreme, Volume ~, page 23, ~.9~1)
The important task be~"ore the Bulgar~.a11 Communists is ex-
plaa.ning to the peasants that their fundamental and lasting
interests. as hard working members of society 'coincide with the-
interests o~ the worls~.ng class and the state, and that all
measures of the government recall this mutuality of interests
The complete unity bet~reen the workers and the working
peasants is realized constantly and concretely in the work of
the people's soviets, which are organs of t1~e working masses
fnr their. direct participatioh in the governing body of the
people's state, The ability of people's soviets to obtain the
collaboration of the masses to such a large degree in their work
and to secure their individual contribution and initiative con?
winces the workers and peasants that the people's democratic
state is their own state, Each measure of the People's GovernM
went, such as grain deliveries, consplidating machine tractor
stations, state grain puxchasing~ communal construction, et
ceterai'strengthens and consolidates the union between the
working class and the working peasants. Each measure of the
.Party ,and the People"s Government far carrying out the policy
in-the. village is an excellent way for joining the working
peasants to the State,. headed by the working class, and fox
overcoming the old private-ownership psychology of the working
peass~nts, transforming them into peasant-collectivists, high
conscientious of state discipline and`with respect far public
property, and for transforming them into hard working members of
the socialist society. `For that reason we must never forget the
- 12 -
CONFI~[ddllai
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wpxds cif Comrade Cherve~cov~ that the unl.on of the warking class
onso~,3.dated and strengthened by the carnpa~.gn fox
and. peasants l.s c
s b state economic ass~.stance to the peasants
gxa~.n deliverie , y
e,~d 'by the policy of mechanizing agriculture,
mhe resolutions of the January, Octobex and Apr~.l Plenums
h
t ~~e CC of the CC of the ~3CP and a number of e~Ceptionally
of x
ees of the Government and the. Party Concerning the
ianpoxtant decr
s are a~.med at the principal objective of con~inua;lly
village.
t the unian betyreen the working class and the work
consolida ing
' ~ is in the name of socialist victory in Bulgaria. These
a.ng peasan
Pare resolutions help to correct certain perversions of the
Y
is olic regarding the village which axe permitted to
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in some arts of the country. _They help in ca^eating a
.occur p
'd and: extensive basis-for consolidating. the union between
cola.
sin class and the working peasants in strengthening
the wox~ g
and or anization of farm workers' cooperatives, and
the economy g
' coura in socialist labor competit~.on among the working
a.n en g g
hi her fields and for exemplary fulfillment of their
peasants for g Y
obilgations to the People's Government.
~ P ave.`an inviolable pledge in memory of its great
the BC g
and leader G~eorgi Dimitrov~ that itwould safeguard
~,eacher ~
elo with a11-.its-energy the union between the working
and dev p
d the working peasants in Bulgaria. To maintain and
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the fulfillment.. of this sacred order of the immortal
to .pursue
,means that we must engage in an .all-around struggle for
teacher
anizational economic and political consolidation of
the org ~
workers' cooperatives so that the building of socialism
farm
in Bulgaria will sooner be completed...
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J05/15 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200020052-1