SCIENCE CHRONICLE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00039R000100120015-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 12
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 18, 2012
• Sequence Number: 15
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/18 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100120015-2
CONFIDEN TIAL
ac -~c, use
y V. . ~miflek y
n~i t Te1~r~U~-~e~k~i Fixtkt, Vol 10,
Source: httrnal upezimer~ta1
(Cony i91 O), pp 5(b-8O
CONFIDENTIAL
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/18 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100120015-2
50X1 -HUM
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/18 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100120015-2
lt~h L ..~1I !'h~S1Cr~? `E it CA 2W3' ITUTE OF 'i'c1E ACAD144 OF CiEWCE USSR
The Leninrad Phyoico-Technical in?titute Wt* e?t1 b1ishc~d 1 tictQuer 1918.
The ir'repiacriabis director tor' over 20 ycai's and at the i~rlesent time T9L27
is acacmicib A. F. ioi'fe.
`ie prc;rwr oi' trte 1 nutitute hae b~er~ eontrt +cuuly widened wince tree start
oi' its ra(!ttvity &ld has been comprising over new f'ieldu caf' ucicnce and
aX -, w.,ictl nece& itat cd ix~c ease c'IL sci ftU'i( pirtsor~ri 1 and onvcrsions
or whole dtNrttf1I nt c into indepeudent research centcrs. Te Leningred khysico-
`fechnical Instigate bc~ca~ne tc source of zany u~ ecia1izcd physical and physico-
ttatnical institutoa acid created a many schools oi' physicists.
Until mid 1936 LFTI was in they Narkomrnash 'i'he i'eople ' s Co:,irrisariit Lox'
P1ach1ne Suildin. In June 1939 Sovnarkom decided to transfer the institute
from Narkommash to t t Academy of 3cience3 Ui -R.
At the !re er.t time LF`t'=C has three basic , roups s 1) electrophysice,
2) nuclear phyeics, and 3) molecular physics. Seventeen iaboratories belong
to these three groups.
The follow n article will mcntion only tht most eonspicuo~ts results
obtained during the yrar 1939
1. TUL hLbCTPtQ?HYICS UhOUP
Croup Heads academician A. F. loffe
The main problem of dot rrnining the electrical properties of solids is
at present centered in oemiconductors, which are finding wider acid wider'
application in modern electrical engineering. Many laboratories of L TI are
devoting their es'c'orts to this problem.
CONFIDENTIAL
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/18 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100120015-2
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/18 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100120015-2
Laboratory Bead: saademictan A. I. Ioi'te
This 1 sboratory cc~nductcd and cnmplated researohes on the behavior oi'
semiconductors in ctron c1votrio Liclds f l'or it is under such conditions
that semiconductoro find their spplicetion. It waa oots liehcd that
electric conductivity does increase in a iron, i'ii 1d w:d dopenda on neithor
he number o' initial electrons nor increase in their mol~i1ity. Teute proved
tr,st tho tncrcas? it electric corductivity in stronI i'ields is Clue to an in-
~rease ci' charc carriers. Auic 1ows.ovcrnir1 currents in Btront fields
were c tchlt tic d &d a cry tic~il srta1yiis oi' current raprec~onttttions snci thoor-
i( was pu,lishr d dull 1939 in the GhT ' (Zhurnal Tekhr- tcjheokoy Fiziki ).
i'nvestl~4stions of 220 c'nbinations r,f two semiconductors connected in
series led us to tine fac=t test the deviation From (Thm's law mint to related
to the rectiiyirk ci'i'oct se~ircmductnrs. All semiconductors studied could
be pl&ced in a corta n sates s ~cl- that any lncmber of he series performs
rectii'ic8tion oi' cne in with everyyeucceeding member and rectification of
the opposite si,n with every preceding. member. The lahoratnry subjected to
experimental tests B. I. navydov-s rectii'icatiOn theory, which considers the
ecuilibrium oi' a emcotiductor with a metal possessin different contact
potential; the relation, expected by B. I. D~vidov, with the contact potential
was not observed.
2. CukFnua-o)c1DE FE TI 'IER LM ORATnfY
Laboratory dead: Cap didate of physics-mathematical sciences,
E. V. bharavskiy
The production of big, rectangular plates oi' sizes L0 x 130 mm and 80 x 20 mm
was first completely orf ani~ed by the laboratory and then transi`erred to
industry, while to expecidllune ui' copper was at most lowered to one-watt power.
The followin1, problems were solved:
1. The effect of surface treatment of copper upon the properties of
cuprous-oxide rectifier?.
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/18 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100120015-2
2-CONFIDENTIAL
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/18 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100120015-2
CONFiDENTIAL
2. Tie caputation oi' the date fw bid cuprc-us-oxide plates opers n
under artificial air-oQOlinc.
3+ 'rhe teat operatim ai' rcottere wh a we teipereture rre~
,~. `i`ple deain axed eonatruct1Qn of a iiht-duty reotii'ier of 12 volte-
b att~pei'* ac d Vs vo,ltc - 1 arrtpQre
. The doai:n aril oortswiwtion oi' a 0 volt - 5 ampere recttiter.
TrI.c r x!9crimcntal data rbtainec by the laboratory i'urniuhod the baeie ?or
trt tochnical dent n of a ratifier of 100 a~npur'?a - and 12 volts, executed
b,; tiAu deainin r,rtanization ~~~~etallok,imzashchite", and dustined to eeuip
L slvar izir works.
The V,har' kov Icctromc ct anical and turbo.onc~rator pl ants s t~-rtcd the
prQdurtion of some rectiiiar ty ~Fs that to a bas o on mct is cis developoca by
u laboratory.
EnsicIes direct exrerin~ental work, the 1boratory has been active also in
organization and consultation ran problems oi' rectification. Only last year
5fi cnnsult,ations were granted to plants and institutes.
3. l w-T~ 'i; E:r''1'tFi L1d:''~,r,'I`~ hY
Lr ~ioratrry ead; candidaLe oi' iIrt,, sica-rnatnetnatical sci(nces
B. V. Kuricnatov
ork on new types oi' hard rect~.i'iers was conducted along two lines:
is ca-npletion grid study oi' copper-sulfate and ma ,nesiurn; 2, search for
new semicanductiri , materials Lox' use as r c7ctifiers.
It is known that the contact of copper' end. ma tiesium sulX'ate allows one
to rectify currents as strong as 7 amperes in an area of only a square milii-
met;ers, In 1938 t-re labors Lory accepted this problern and solved it by con-
structint a copper-sulfate and ma ,nesium rectifier with a wide operating area
as large as L~ cm2, which allow one to rectify currents as great s 0 - 100
artiperes by a single element.
CONFIDENTIAL
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/18 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100120015-2
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/05/18 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100120015-2
CONFIDENTIAL
In 1939 1sbor~tory etaccoeif ,ly e1i nited b ie defeat o#' the
rcctt'ler ^ ,wm@ly, tt bpid Afro ? fin ahievd r t 6t 413ty o1 opiritien1
t' ~J' ly M11i' ''t t t !