THE PEOPLE'S COMMISSARIAT OF THE AVIATION INDUSTRY USSR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 12
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 8, 2012
• Sequence Number: 63
• Publication Date: April 27, 1951
• Content Type: REPORT

Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000 100 1 10063-0
Pitlo, 'r 1 ~ OPLi 'C UL T11 ui
Declassified in Part- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08: CIA-RDP82-00039R0001 001 10063-0
50X1 -HUM
50X1-HUM
i
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0
CONFISEITIAL
Tlb PNOPLJ' S c1nMMT& RIAT of I'll AVIATION INDUSTRY USSR
Any nudation i a c national. importanae whioh are oonneated with the
aviation industry of the USSR ere at prosent deoidod by;
1, 9ts1in, as ohairman or the State Aetonae Corn'nittne (01(0) of
tha USSR,
2. M41Ankov, as secretary of the Central Comrnittne of the
Corn rrunirrt Party (Sta1 in' a deputy).
Shtnkhurirr, un Pope' n Cotrtmtr uu' of the Aviation Industry of
the USSR.
'llrn work off' tho avirrtton .1nrluntry to AL"1.y ?onnnoted with the
interests and tho nativity of the air arm oP the lied army and the Navy of
thn U-~SR. CornrAnrler of the nir arm of the tied Army in Hnrnhal: Nnvikov,
hero of the USSR. People' n Commitu r or the Nrtvy in Admiral Kuznotnov. The
People' n Com"lieeartat of the Aviation Incluntry (N1AP) of the USSR in one
of the ali-union Poople' n Cc~mmienartatn. It manai en all industries con-
neotnd with tho intornntcr of militriry and cavil aviation.
The Peop1e's Commin lariat of tho Aviation Industry is headed by the
People' 7 Cornmtmiar of i,ho Aviation Induntry. At pronent (-hin ie A1.ekeey
Ivanovi.ch Shakhrrrtn, nn expnrienovd en~jineor and eoonomi;rt. Hie first
deriuty is Demnntsyev, Doctor of Technical t-ci9noen.
The war nituntion which neceaeitat,od th? relocation of the aviation
induntry far into the hinterland (mont1:y the Volga and Ural areas) and the
size of the Soviet territory which caused difficulties in the manar-oment
of the aviation industry, motivated a nearoh for pos8ibi1ities to ntrenpthen
local management. This Gordian knot wnn untied with the appointment of a
farce number (14 at present) of deputies of the People 'o Commissar. In
practice the great number of deputies made for a certain unconformity,
onpeoiafy apparent in orders oonoerninp, basic questions of the aviation
industry. Conequent]y, the People's Commissar had to waste hie time
clearing up diversitiea because he had to act ae arbitrator between his
depatiee.
CONFIDENTIAL
-1-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0
50X1 -HUM
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0
CINFIPE1TIAL
Considering, however, the enormous territory of the U5g, the distances
between the individual enterprises and between enterprises end the location
of the People'e Commissar, and finally the neaoaoity largely to rely on
local reeourcee (buildings, semi-finished materials, equipment of small
factories and shops, unski3.led and skilledrkers from among the local
population, etc ? ), it becomes apparent that the success of the relocation
of the aviation industry as well as of the areation and development of air-
plane factories at the new bases of production was to a great extent due
to the existence of leaders acting for the Peoplets Commissar, sometimes
vested with powers of Soviet Government reprosentativee, such as the
deputise of the People' a Cossar /f the Aviation Indust .
The orders for the manufaoture of airplanes which the People'a
Comnieear receives are generally governed by the budget.
The Soviet Government approves the State Five-Year Plan and indivirhu+al
orders for tho People 'a Commieeariat of the Aviation Industry. It buss
its confirmation on the number of available airplanes, the demands of the
air arm of the Red Army and the Navy, on considerations of the economic
potentialitiee of the country, and of an economic management of the aviation
industry. The interests of the nationalities of the USSR are considered
only insofar as is necessary to raise their morale and secure their work
potential.
The procurement of new modern airplanes for the air arm and the
modernization of the aircraft models under' construction is done according
to orders which embody specifications worked out by the Scientific
Research
Institute (Nil) of the Red Army Air Force.
It should be noted that during the present time of war the entire
directive power is vested in the State Defense Committee. According to
the Committee's directives the aviation industry has to fill
any orders
for additional production of spare parts, repair of ai lanes
rP ,and even
special series of airplanes and engines.
CONFIDENTIAL
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0
CONFIDENTIAL
To Till the orders the People ' s Commissar issues a speoia1 order,
based on the respeotive government deoree (or oiroular) snd etodying
the data furnished by the Department for Economic Planning or the People's
Commissariat of the Aviation Industry. This spacial order regulstes
distribution of the order among the main administration and plants, and
the messure of psrtioipation of the operation. sections of the People's
Commissariat of the Aviation Industry which is necessary for euooeasful
completion of the order.
The state plan for airoraft construction is similarly distributed
among the main administrations of the People' c Commissariat of the Aviation
Industry. This is done through orders of the People'e commissar (over his
or his first deputy's signature) or through an order within the jurisdio-
tion of the People's Commissariat (if one of the deputies signs 3n matters
of his special field) '
The People's Commissar administers the aviation industry mostly
through the specialized main administrations to which the oorresponUing
specialized plants are subordinated.
The chiefs of these main administrations have the right to
1. issue orders within the jurisdiction of the main administration
2. suggest to the People's Commissar and his deputies changes in the
management personnel of the plants (managers, chief engineers, chief
deuignere, etc.)
3. manage the enterprises subordinated. to them
4. control these enterprises in regard to their production as well
as economic practices.
To carry out the tasks assigned to the main administrations the chief
of each of these main administrations has a staff of specializte working
in the form of operational sections.
The designations of the operational sections of the main administrations
coincide almost exactly with the designations of the Commissariat's
operational sections through which the necessary methodical guidance of
the main administrations is achieved.
CONFiDENTIAL
-3-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0
?. Main adr&i )i~trat can: handles plants for construction of
The tasks of the main administrations of the people ' e Commiuarist
of the Aviation Industry ore as toUowe
1. Main administration: handles the plsnte for aeriee production
of light and medium aircraft (tighter, reconnaie'anoe,
grround~attack aircraft- etc.)
2. Main administration: handles the plsnte manufacturing apeoial
installations and equipment for airoraft armament (rotating
gun rings, bomb raoke, bomb release mohanieme, etc.)
3? Main adminietration: handles plants for aeries and mace
production of airplanes and engines.
4. Main administration: handles plants manufaoturing engine
accessories (radiators, fuel tank, etc.)
7e Main administration: handles pianta manu!'acturing aircraft
instruments.
6. Main administration: handles pianta building beet engines,
experimental airplanes.
d. Main administration: handles plants for the construction of
experimental airplanes and experimental aircraft accessories.
9? Main administration: for metallurgy, mostly for the production
of Duralumin and for casting various accessories and parts
for engine construction.
10. Main administration: handles plants for series production of
heavy aircraft (heavy and light combat aircraft, special
purpose aircraft and aircraft with especially large load
capacity.)
11. Main administration: deals with questions of supply For the
aviation industry (raw materials, semi-Finished products
fuel, special clothing, etc.) and with aalea of the products.
12. Main administration: deals with questions of construotion
and
reconstruction of plants of the aviation industry.
CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0
CONFIDENTIAL.
oWz, the Main Administration of Educational Institutions, People's
Commisuriat of the Aviation Industry, deals with the training of
skilled personnel for the aviation industry.
as Personnel Administration of the People's Commissariat of the
Aviation Industry assigns qualified specialists anct supervisors to the
enterprises of the aviation industry.
The most important main adndnietratione, those for aircraft
construction (1 and 10), engine oonstruotion (3), instrument construction
(5), and equipment construction (2 and Ii), as well as a(NI have beoome
stabilized and undergo almost no changes. Neither are there any reaaone
for any change in the near future, except possibly a change in numbering
them,
In contrast, the remaining main administrations (6, 7, 8, 9,11,12) are
Frequently reorganized and have existed under various names and numbere.
Their structure had not been conclusively decided.
T)' above mentioned increase in the number of deputies of the Peoplets
Commieaar has lately had the practical effect that the deputies act as
chtefe of the main administrations and that the former chiefs of the main
administrations were pushed to the background and act in a quasi-advisory
capacity.
This finally impaired the unity of management of the main administra-
tions and minimized the importance of the deputy oommiesare, since they by
dealing with the questions of the specialized main administrations practically
became ohiefe of these main administrations and thus lost their influence
on other main administrations.
Consequently, the present deputy People's Commieeare of the Aviation
Industry - with the exception of Dementyev, the first deputy - are
unofficially the chiefs of the main administratione (e.g. ;tu$netsov in
the 3. main administration, uoronin in the 1. m.a., Yakovlev in the 7. m.a.)
or official chiefs of the main administrations (e.g., Polazhintsev in the
CONFIDENTIAL
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0
TI
Personnel Administration) and the opeaia1ised tiolde (e,
s , Visiryan,
Deputy People's Conid$ar for tho aonstruction of aviation industry
plants, Sandler, for material supply of the aviation in
dustry, etc ~)
In the latter aaeeo this has been announoed in the orders at the People e
Commissar. Also worth mentioning is the frequent reor ani
g eation of
main administrations (e.g., alav;viasnab, Main Administra
tion for
Material Supply of the Aviation Industry, and GtJ s Main
Administration
of Capital Conetruotion), oaueed by considerable dittioul
ties and
detioi?noies in the work of these organizations.
Reoently the Main Administration for Material Supply of the Aviation
Industry has been divided into several independent sections, including:
a. procurement of lumber for airoraft construction
b. metal procurement
c? lubrication and fuel procurement
d? procurement of machinery and other equipment etc., but in
practice it remains a unified main administration.
Traneportation diff1joulties caused the creation of the position of
Deputy People's Coinmisear of the Aviation Industry for
Transportation.
In the Main Administration for Large-Scale Construotio
n two independent
sections were recently formed= a Mein Administration
for Reconstruction
and Repair of Aircraft Plante and the Main Administration for the Construc-
tion of Large.Aircraf t Plante There have been several suo1, reorganizations,
but the aviation industry finally returned to the' reunion of individual
separate fields. Details of the structure of the main administrations are
described later on.
The preparation and documentation of decrees for
the People's
Commiseariat of the Aviation Industry, reports
production and economy
plane, systematic management, and guidance in special fields within the
Commissariat of the Aviation Industry are handled
by special operational
sections:
CONFIDER TM I.
-6..
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0
CONFIDENTIAL
1. The Teahntoal 6eotton, simultaneouely the operational organ
and the skeleton of the Teohnioal Council of the people' o Conm iuoar
of the Aviation Industry, deals predominantly with the aearoh far the
most eoonomioal maohinsr r produotion methods, with the organization of
work prooeosee, with full utilization of msohtnery and equipment, and
also with the 'turfy of the production in aircraft plante, improvemonta
of the lateet inventions, and the exahange of experienoe.
2. Section for Organization of Labor and Wagos, deala with questions
of scientific organization of work prooeesee and corresponding remuneration.
Under its guidance the technical standards are developed and then applied
in the plants of the People's Commisear of the Aviation Industry. This
emotion oarrime out the gage policy of the aviation industry, works out
wage scales, etc. Resides, the section undertakes the assignment of
skilled workers (obtained from the Main AdministraU,on of Labor Reserves,
Council of People's Conuniseare) and unskilled workers (drafted from the
population) to the enterprises of the People's Commissariat of the Aviation
Industry.
3. Planning and Economic Section, deals with data collection, analysis,
and planning of the entire field of activity of the enterprises of the
aviation industry. Part of it is the mobilization section which, however,
repeatedly became separated from it as an independent organ.
4. Finance Section has the task to distribute money in the enterprises
of the aviation industry, to keep the books, and to rn alyze expenses. It
is the management of accounting activities in the aviation industry.
~? Section of the Chief Technician and the Electric Power Engineer,
was split repeatedly into two independent sections (Section of Chief
Engineer and Section of Electric Power Engineer). This section regulates
questions about the best possible way to fulfill directions and decrees
given by the State organs. (Control of steam boilers and sanitary inetalla-
tions of the enterprise, of machinery and various equipment, and finance
N
eoonorq- L9i.7 of the aviation industry) (Diesel engines and fans)
CONFIDENTIAL
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0
CONFIDENTIAL
6. Section ci the Chief Attorney !ega1 9eotio7, deals exalusiv.ly
with legal matters, keeps a file of government decrees and ordere of the
People'e Coniuuiat. It is responetbie that state )awe and government
dcoz'eed are carried out in the .ntfrpriaea of the aviation industry. It
also couneele the Feople ' e Commissar of the Aviation Industry.
7. Special Welfare Section, decides organizational question' in
regard to suppliee for workers, day's rations, clothing, ehoee, general
supply of neoeseitiee of lit. (through etoroe) and it takee care of the
matoriat wolfare of the workers employed in the aviation industry.
8. Transportation Section, deals with the organization of transporta-
tion within the aviation industry and with the economic utilization of the
railroad transports belonging to the aviation industry. In individual oases
there are plant tracks, transport aircraft, and automotive columns with
special destination.
Q. I. Section or Special Section, deals with security concerning
correspondence, special decrees, and various documents, carries out the
corresponding administrative tasks, and is responsiblo for thQ iesuanoe
and safeguarding of secret, top secret and mobilization matters.
10. Main Inepeotorate of the People's Commissar of the Aviation
Industry, controls the execution of the orders of the Peoples Commissar
and his deputies by government offices as well as enterprises.
11. Aircraft Acceptance Section, gives directions about the establish-
ment of aircraft acceptance offices at the enterprises of the aviation
industry.
12. The management of the People's Commisaariat of the Aviation
Industry includes - besides the management proper - the buildings
administration, bookkeeping concerning the employees of the commiesariat
and other less important units belonging to the commissariat. Besides the
regular staff the people's Commissar of the Aviation Industry has a special
advisory organ, the technical council which consists of engineers and other
CONFIDENT IAL
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0
!'DNfIflENTIAI
one to order to instWe the but
aaialioto of thr teohnioal eeoti
ep
a1 uoettono of the aviation industry, eomo off' the
solution of teohn~o 4 ed for
to and epooialiete are being C11
gountrY' a oatetanding ooientir
woxk on the teohnioal council. This work ie done etthor in work
oonforenoee whore the debated queettone are dioauesed in reports, or
through scientific work of speotal oomrnitteee.
A large part of eepeoiallY important cardinal questions of tho
avistian industry, Af teahnioal U well as eaonomia oharaoter, which
solved with the aid of the Collegium
call for a11-ar?und olarifiaation , are
Commissariat of the Aviation InduetrY.
of the
listening to reports about the moat diversified fields of activity
R evaluating them, the
~ givm and by
in the aviation industry riven in the olle
cn to form an unbiesod oonolusive pioturei
Pao leis Commissar is in the posits
p
s of the CollegiWfl in the record, the
Eesidee, by putting the resolution
deoielon of the People 's Cormmiesar is
uthority and competence of the final
a
mentioned that in practice there hAYe never
further enhanced. It ehoula be
on between the Collegiuro and the Commi,esar.
been any differenoes of opini,
The moat important mernbere of the ollegsum are appointed by special order
C
of the CollegiUi1 has coneirlerable prestige
of the Comfli.ssar. Each member
and has the right to force the emPlOY4es of the Commissariat to execute
the reeolutions of the Co11egium.
The Collegium is composed of outatanding repreoentatives of science
t. members of the administration. Its aon~erenoes
and industry who are nn
Bete and other persona who are interested
are furthermore attended by specie
in the debated questions.
wring the war the Callegiwn proper does not exist any more. Instead,
extraordinary technical meetings of the Comimisear and his deputies take
place.
planning inetitubones 'taiproavio?, the State planning Office for
Aircraft Plants,* and the Institute for the Organization of the Aviation
* Gipro suss State Inetitute for planning the Aviation Indaet1i
CONFIDENTIAL
-9-
a
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0
r.nMFiil
Industry complement each other. In general, their common goal iw
the creation of new and the reoonatruotian of old airoratt planter
with the "Oiproavion frequently acting as planning organisation and
the "Opgobnapro&'ae ucperirenting te4hnioal laboratory of the
entire aviation induotry, the main goal being the creation of the
most economio scientific production organizati~n. The main pillare
of the ecientifio reeearoh work of the organization of the aviation
industry are the Following apeoialized eoientifio research institutes:
1. TeAOI, the Central Aerohydrodynamice Inetitute, deale with
the finding of the moat eoonomio and moat valuable selection of
aerohydrodynamic profile patterne for the eonetruction of modern
airplanee, and with the anlution of practical and theoretical
problems of aero and hydrodynamic..
2. VIAM, the Chief Stage Institute for Aircraft Matertal ~"11?
Union Inetituto of Aviation Material, has the aesignment to study
these materials, to determine their manufacturing prooeee and their
uee in Aircraft construction, and to eolve other related questione.
3? TeIAM, Central Inetitute of Aircraft Engineer does research
for new and more perfect engines and equipment and worke on improvement
of existing models. Its task is also to solve any questione related
to the testing and operation of aircraft engines.
lt? LII, the Air L~xperimental Institute lying Research Institute
determines the performance characteristics of various aircraft designs.
It also does scientific research connected with test flights of new and
aerially produced airplanes. It also deals with questions of the
most practical piloting by automatic pilot, of organizing instrument
flights, improvement of existing piloting syetema, etc.
~. Defore the war there existed a special aircraft trust - then
called "Aviaspetetrest'i - which dealt with the production of goods for
general consumption and the utilization of the waste material of the
aviation industry. Recently this trust has grown considerably and its
CONFIDENTIAL
"10w
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0
Zunotione have changed. Now its rosin teak is to remove destroyed
airplanes, ?ngineo, aircraft aooessories, and psrte from the front
and the entire ores of the USSR. Speoial workshops, chiefly in
M oow, V roneeh, and Sarstov, dismantle ell tyrpeo of sirplanee,
engines, and siroraft parts on a hitherto unparalleled soale. All
this to then sorted aooording to the degree of its reusability and
ehipped to the respective plants. The activity of theee diemantling
shops is closely oonneoted with the repair ehope.
In thie manner are not only the repair ehopa fully eupplied
with epare parts, but a considerable part of the reolaimed metal
and certain email parte are being reueed in the main enterprises
of the aviation induetry.
The last paragraph exp&ne a diagram of the etruoture of the
People'e Conimieeariat of the Aviation Industry. The diagram ie not
appended to the dooumenJ.
?END~
COMflflF'f!AL.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110063-0