TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING IN HUNGARY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00039R000100110032-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 24
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 8, 2012
• Sequence Number: 32
• Publication Date: March 15, 1951
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 :CIA-RDP82-000398000100110032-4
STAT
Tito; TOt R~PT~IC ~I1lP_,_,a?IN IIUNaARY
~ ce; t~~~i~~oi~.un ?n des l~sich~~~~ fear L~nc~o~a~it'n~t~tne,_ Na 2~ 1~3~-1933,
~~~
German ~erlod c~'la
RESIN
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J06/08 :CIA-RDP82-000398000100110032-4
 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved
STAT
Tha To~o~r off' ary
MolS~da"
-- ~urol l~adYay, Director ~~~' ti~~ Iu~Qria1
~y
r~ri~n 3t~te pax to,~rpp~l~a inatitutel
Rung
~iatoriaal ~uiu-xy
~aA~~ off' ~uagnrion a~~rtogra~,x~y ie the cep,
T~~e oldest regarded boo
-, ,i~ol~ wc~s drawn by laeex'~o End T~,etett~r on n
~f~tiY~g b~~alc to 1~~8~ ~~ ~
,: ,- 1 X00 001 Tl~e cirownst~noes a~' t~~e or
ao~~le o~ ~,aproxi~n~ tel~ 1t , ~ ,~,~,
lt~~~u~h it bo
hi~- ~~~~ aro, for the ~~jo ~t ~~~ rt, ,~~Own i~
gin oft 1
cruel A etr ~k1:r~ peaul-! r ity of this
~, co?~~y of ~~ o1~1er origiYii~ by Laz
o ~'a,M,e;~,,r to th to ei'fect on the ~~p
~~~ io the arroneoue ,fin
~~~~ in oth?r res~,eata,
~' ~ r
~' f
distorted, orient~~tion,o~'~
~~ ai>`rr fed out, ~d
~~ '. ,,' ~ ~ ` ~ ` ' ~ ~ of the country hn,e been auocees?ully
the i~R~'e"''
he individual det~~ils points to exaot
the rer~~~rlr~ble s,ccura,ay oft eorupulous ~1e
~~;~~~ ex~~~ninr~t ~l~n and use of t
knowled,;e of the co~antr'Y and to ~
IUEtteri~'le f
t mr~-~ ~ Laz~ras constituted
yor almost two centro~ries, the excellen m
~~ h the leis e~~eceseful ~~.p of L~iua
~t fiat t~1e erect ~tnd l~~ter, thro g
of all au~.Re of ~tun,~arY~ of whlcl~ there was
X1656), the indirect source
~,.ted bJ the Hasa ~v~~3ah arose from the wars
a rather large numbers atimul me
~ ~ thaao maps unQerwAnt various enlargeme
aga,inet the Turka~ A1th ~
` on in~l L~~~~rus main was 1o~t~ we11
in c~ tent, t~~e a,ecur~cy of t~ie g
b1e b?nd of ttYe n~,ube River ~Donaur
known i~ the error whereby the dou resulting
St 1 i ne, in
way ~tretahed out almost in e, atrai~
kuie~~ ountryl
tortion of the rei~reeentation of the o ~ .
the oomplete dis ~'
~ , , , :~ aka
r
~ ~~nne~ez~ '
P ~ ' '
~?~ ?~,u,~..~~o ~.t~e~~~~~p.~ .. r e
Y
't ~ f a" ? n C r ! r' ~ w~ ~_.? ~ ' h
n this r eat ie ao1~neated with the name
ifia~,nt work i ?
The moat sign ~eneraa.
ial ~~~
of the 7ta13a~ Oount and Imper
~, ~~e 1~~p~~
~,rsi~tii~
~~ ~..,.._.._.~v..,.~.~..--....~...
~=:_.
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 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 :CIA-RDP82-000398000100110032-4
ro-
w
rr
f'
be the vary f~oue l~anubo !~, ee~ ~lre:~d~y biased on ~.etronor~io~=l ~oeibion
~~~l~ ~ ~)
i i~~diu~~ ~e w oonbent~ ~~~, above ~.~,1, the briot, e~ebom~tia
ure of d~bn~~~~: oo~~aor~od "on the e~ot'~ rtam,~ hir
wArka nr Zond~~~rke of t~ao bo~i~,n~r~~ of ~l~ocinrn Kunaarian oaxto~rapky,
w~~r?iE;li~e ~rbirtant, J. Ohs ~~uoller fry}~a ~ruernber~, r~1eo rolioa~ on
,.
tl~oo~~ brio ~~rin?ililoo in his Four-~ ~l~a off' ~u~ary wl~~oh ~~ape~~red
in 1,708, on i~ rot~le of is ti50, 0~~a~ ~tuoller~ a r~.p w~ r ~.n exoollent oon-
rantrt~tlon of ~~11 r~linblo d~~tn /mown up to t1,~t ti~~o, end wf~r, re the
off'
tirot modern map a~' ~tun~r~ry, tl~o boat ~( t~~ore in ~~Q~~eral ure
tl~rour~k~out lf~a,~e 1~`~~i yee~rr~ Riol~er in o9ntent but leer valuable from
~ or~rto~r~-p~~ic atr~nd~,oint wc~r t~~e I~,cy Map of 1769, intended rolely for
rttiilit~~.ry ~,iuY`~JG~ ~~, o~~ c.. aor;le of 1; 350,4~0~
r~ust~r the f~~'ore~~?ntigned ~~~~~, t~~e Fiat I~zilitr>:ry Lru-d 9urvoy (the
Jorerh aurvo yy ~+,ld jot yield n~`~torir{1 of ~;eti~~r~-1 e,ccerrc~billty r4nd wr~e,
~~ ,
tls?r~ f ~~r e, al r o e~~e~+ar #~,~aa~r~,ue ~ T~~e ~tX ?urvey o#'
Hungary took plr~oe ~iX~~KXX from 176G to 1773 ~~nd fram 1783 to 1785,
wr~r br>,red on ~rc~Y~~~te triits~~;ula~tion, sand conairt~r of 1,451 ari~;inal rur-
ruperb~,.
veyr on a teals of 1s a6, 80~~~ U~~fortun~4tely thir rbwr~y, prieelreee in
itr intrin-;io vr~1 ue ar r~ ma?terpieco of ei~htoenth century cartography,
wa,e iX not mr-de acceorible for ~en~ral use rind for further work~(~e-
.~, ,,.i
~e~ei~o~wab~); Unly a few brand copier, wed fc+r privets
urea were made of there
~r~e~ ,, Of t~1e Trax~rvlv~~nir~n :~~et~earr~a-
~~~~ were merle by td~~~or Jeney on a rcale of 1 ~ g6, 50~i, 8nd
~~, a
~y~~~ 0olonel Nau,~n ~ sc~l?: of 1; 115,00 and li 195~000~
,,
It might alto be noted that tZ1e semi-official "~'allonr+~~' e~~ rip ,
wl~ic~~ ~~~~,~e~7.red in 18~~, the fiat ruck mn~~ of the former monarchy, it
based
a.lro pt~,rtia,lly c~"i.~~X '" on the 8'irrt 1~iilita.ry Land Survey
Several deoader before this 8'irst La~ia ~ voy, during the ~3~~
~U~li~,t~~~l 1730 ~ r, ~l~e xe:former of Hur~a~ri~ certogrsphy,
Samuel Mikoviziy, began hit work He wa,e appointed by Kish ~rl lit
(~m,~eror I~LrI VI) to furnish the map ru~plementr for Made del ~ a grewt
a
~lirtorio~l-geogra hic 1 work "Notion Hunga~rin.e~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~' ~ I~ikaviny ~i~li
~~'oz~oa~- ._ .~ car the prime meridi~a and a 'brats line in the
~~, ~
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 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 :CIA-RDP82-000398000100110032-4
vicinity 4f thio city z ~ , ho aroated ~ o~-
teneivo trian~;ul~~ rrotwork ~ with a ev?ral astrorsv~~ia~lly
~lotor,ained ~aoir~to, Ke ~arooeoded as aacur~.~te1y ao ~ooaible in t~~o dotnila
of the eurvvyo~ ~o that lria Apo ~~~ far au~~aos i~ exoetlanoo thOwo oi'
a~o~t of iris our~terc~o~~rioo ~3~1d rstuot be dooruod an honor to the aarto~ra,~y
off' th~~t ti~~io~
A~'tar trro ~e?dotio works o#' ldikov~,~r o~~~o the triarl~~tion surveys
oi' Li,a~~,ni~;~ in 1788, end tie nstronarnior~l worko of !~~ i~ailinn dell
~ 1776 and off' ~oadanich in 1796-1600 l~iikoviny~o mays wQ~~o suaoeeded
by conatna~tly inore~.eina numbers of oounty ma~as, most off' w~iioh wc~ro very
well done by official oounty on~ineero, suoh ns ~~,11a, Kenediah ~~nd othere~
~~+ith ~l~o~o ~b~;o Fio t+~a '~~~ola, ti~a i'ir~t eouiity ~tlc~eeo o~,me into bei~~
Korabin~zky~s little ~~Atlr~s pat~to,tilis~~ in 1804 end aoeroe~~s sixty-~r-go
~ ~~ '
atlas, ~o~d'~nd1793 ! ._~~ ~ 4~~+n I..~,~~~rr~
~ until the middle
the
of~lrRst aentury~
I=~ 1r~06 the excellent and very i'arnous mad of Li~o~ky~ on n scale oi'
is 489,, ~.~'l~~o,~~pe~,red ae ,r-, syno,~sis of all these vcarious valuable ~sodetio ~+~~
~r~tronoraic works~',iswi~r~more then 600 inde ~ n
.~ a sent ori,~in~~1 surveys, Sydow
eomments cis follows on tl~is~ j~erhr~;,,s r~~oat s~~lendid work of unof~'icial
Hun~;a.ri~ c~~rto~rr7,t~2iys '~Ag the ~roduot of ~rer-t
diligence, it ri~s~tfully attrt~cted ~rn~ch attention ~:nd bect}.m? th? sci~rce oi'
~~ll lr-~,t~r reps of i1ur~~+xy;~ (~ eteru~~ni~ ~ s Reno 4~te, 1A57, a,o~e ~") ~ TFie map
'by Froaz Knre,cs, which tir~tis ou~ra.ved on co~,er, wo,s printed iri several edi-
tions; later, in 183G, it was revised by Sohedius and ~la.schnek, p~t,rticu3;ar-
ly with regard to
and it remained in this form ae the
beat map of Kut~ary, end the one most to demand, for dectxdes ~nti1 the first
Official topographic mn,~~a ti.~ero published,
In the meantime, after several interrupt ions, tlae monarchy ~ s Second
xo,~ogr~ti~hica.l Land Survey, ~~~ be~u,r, in 1808, wa.g co~apleted in 1669
'hie survey, wZ~ich extended tl~rougl~ou~ the entire m~~n~rchy, b.s will be ex-
plained subsequently in ~reb,ter detail, wa,s based on eleven trian~ula~~rnet-
wnrks, ea.ah a~rwUi~ independent of ee~wrnothersand not mutual/ DI~-
r .~ ~
~~a~~ consistent (almost every Krdr~r~nd~," h~,d its own network); it was
i'urtl~er based nn a r~.t]~ex defecti~re and, finally, ~?~lrtly an
the results off' the land-registry surveys .which ha,d been institute. simultaneoualy~
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 ~ Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 :CIA-RDP82-000398000100110032-4 ~
l t 0~~ ~QQ; ,_ ._ ___,~ _~
~a or~~in~~ ~w~r ~~~ns xaE~do on a sa~~lo oi
An ~ aonlo o~ I,t ~ 9~~OA4~ ~o 1~u~lio~t~~~~ o~ thoAe two ty~oa off' ~a~a
;.
rl ~ ~ ~,I
~ tllorl ~0a0 1ia~Zed ~xridu~ly ~~~~Nle~i~~,'
W~ ~
a,E ~
Tie ~oo~at~a~wew~iawriM- in tl~o atruoture off' those ~~pa~,, ~~~
II
' .' ~ublioa-
t~oul~~.rly
Lion w~~s noYOr ~~n~M ~;~ coc~~~~lotod - conatitutod ~'~atoro wi~iat~ ware vory ~
dotri-Aantnl to tl~o v~,luo off' ti~~ia otl~~rw~oo e~:collont y odite~ work
r, t 1
~'~1~-, r., unO~~iaiEol
In 166 tl~o ~~rc~~~ua dohed~1M~re ~ ~ ~P~ ~ -~ ~~~~~ aol~ieved
~~ u1~~f~oa aoordi~u~t:an o~ ti~ia ourvoy oxi a ao~~1o o#' It ~'~6,000. Later this
wne extended ttirou~;hout the Whole off' ventral grope nn~~ on ~ er~e~ t
r E`rl~f~~t
ao~tile off' 1'i300,00t~, eer~re~ na the of~'i0ia1 a~riri+e~~ ~a~
the work o~' tl~o aeao~l~ To;~o~;r~,?~i~~o~ L~ ~rvo;~ 4~~~~a aEr~~ad c;,t UY
' E' f
unito o~ tl~e ~~ermanent milit~~ry authorities; +the
~ri,~onotnetric ~ure~~u GIs o~ 1~06,~ ~tl~o Tc~o~;rn~~al~to-Lithc~,r~~iihto Institute ~a
Q~ 116, tln~ ~`lnr-lly, ~~~'ter tho i~~oor~grr~t~on of tl~oee af~ia?e with the
Lombr rd~~>,~~hic Institute in Vieru~~~ r~o oi' 18~~9,
~-ft~r the cor~i~7rot~if"e ti~~ith AuAtr~ia in 1~G8,
~1u~;uat ~ot~~, an tl~o occ~jcxon o~ ~ rer~r~anixe,t~r~n r~~' t'~e ~iei~nn P~iilitr~,7yy-
~eo~x~~hio tnotlt,~.t?, initir~te~ r~ ~,ro;~asr~~ ~`~l,~,ch ai~~,ted ~,t the er~t~~blishment
o~ ~ a~~,t.rate ~:7ri,an ~~0~~o~3rry:~,~~ic ~netitute~ iJnf ortunatelFr'~ tho classic
ide~~.t~ of this pioneer of Hun,~ari~ to~~o~;ra~~~hy wore not rats ized; only
^t'~~ l~1nC'~?1'.'
t~ c~~rto~rr~k~hic divic'.nn of minor i~~~~~ort~x~ce wEE,B net u~~ in ~ilr~wM` with the
Minietry.o~ ~'rr~ne~ortation~ Lntor, 7.~'ter thn reei~n~,t~~n of Tot17, under
wl~o~? 1,e~~:derahip the or~,~,n~zation had ~~er~orraed vory vr-,lua'ble ti,orl: (oleo
ti`~ith reg~hrd to foxei~;n cauntriee), evon this r~.iviaion w~i~ taken over 'by
the at~Ete print~r~; worl~e~
rn cor~p~~rieon with the abov?, the development a~ the Hun~ari~~n lc~ndW
registry system ~~?,~ all the more ~ra,ti~yin~ and ei~nii'ic~~nt~ the work of
this or~;~Mi7~,tinn - tod~t.y l~nown a,s the 0~'fic~al In~peri~,l Kun~arian Ste,te
Lr~d purvey 7n,stitute (All~ni ~'oeldmeree} -wee started d~n 1~5~ and cony
j i
~~ {v~
sist4d off' the cor~;~letian oi' the trian~ula.tiC~n netarorl~ ~
in connection with the +!+e~~~~'e"M''e''"''~' nii~.it~.rY netwoxk dad
t+~ ~,dtailec~ s1`~rvey ;~~i~a!#~ea
~~~~ ,
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'
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w ~ 4 .
!}r ~ ~~ ''
~; _, i
fQUnd~~.ti4n for the t~~~o~~rs~~~~ia~l survoy~
letter o~uat~taGoa ~z~ a~.cellant
~rw~r~ trio topo~r~~~~ia~~~l at~rvoy xor;~~~ned ~ ~uno-
Frota t~i1 a t 1mQ 1~ f ~
Ynatit , tee Tx~a cno~t diati~~a~~ed work off'
tiort o~ tho ~tiiliti`~ry-4ec~~r~p1~~o '~
wee tl~e ' a~o~,ra~*,i~~o~ x~~d ~urvoy~ ~
t~lla world-fcuaoua inotltuto
irl ~lotod in t~~e ox~ort, uu~ro~odonbe~ period
~A~~oh ~rE~~ ba~un in 1869 c~.nd oo ~
of ai~htean ye~~~a~
~ otnndnrdiaod, a~aiatent tr~~l~~'~ ~~~''
Thy bnaio for this survey w+~e ~
~~ .~ ~ ~ uaod far t~~e Central o~e~n rae~~aur?r~ont o
network, wl~ioh oinoe 186w w~
int~+rnntionr~l moctiaureu~ent of ~e~reae~ The re-
de~reea and lr~tar for thm
clr.a~ i r~~~ ~,
eo~1e off' l = 26, 040, conatttuted the~,r~ : .
ault~~,nt oxi~ final ~'~~ ox~ n
rat comp late topo~;ra~~l-ic m~~p c.n n 1r~r~e ao~~le,
~,~;~fou~~dl~ti~n for trio fi ~
~ 1~}ei; w~.p ~rod~~oed d 1873 ~e 18~l9 on
~,u~ely ~t~e `~~ _ rm~r~ w , ,
~ ~~~~~ i
nrte the ~u5 ~ ~;enarc~l $~~
1~ aa~~~le of l~ 76,040, A!'ter tY~eao m~pa c
fro ~e o~~ a, ?ar:le of 1 t 304, 4c)4, d~arin~*, t~~e
:~of Centrc~,1 i
~,, ~ ~~~-~~, ~ 1e ot~ a or~le
~~z~d tae 64+- o ~~p of C?ntrr~l poi ~
ye::era 1487 tc~ 113,
of It 760,000, durir~~ tine ye~~ra 1883 to 1886
olvc~d ~ollowin~ the World War of 1918, iiM~
~ ,. ,
the monarohy wr~o digs
~
~, ~ . ~:~ _ ~ a_:C_.~~ ~+u. ~~{ ~ ~ ~~rv.?~eoFSr~al~lio Inetitut?, the basic
laic rnt~~a coi~yri~ht~ a,nd of p
work ~ the of f iciaAl topoE;ra.p r ~
~ ,~~' ~
d amnr~ tl~e etr>.tes which arerc ,~rru~t-
ca,t ions w
`~ ~ Qerman or Aulatrir.~n~ Hu~r;nry way thus
ed the territory arl~ich wr~~ formerl,r
and w~~r~, a~1ao ~uthorixed
ales of li 3010,Ono and 1; 760,040. In order
r.~pA on the sc
---
_ ~ r~,t~l~fc xn~@cte tl~a ldilitr~,ry M?~p Unit ~iilii~e~ew
to continue the to~n~,r j p
t ~, in 1J19 with the Huz~;c~rien members of t1~e
was ~e p
~ hio Institute from which his originated the
former Military Coo~rcp t
i rE~,~hic InctituteE1~11su~i Terkre;7sacet~ of t?-
Imperi,~,l F~un~E~rian ~tatn C~rto~ i
dayf
e eodetic i~ro~ecte hE:+ve been concentrated
Since tllia tSm? tl~e l~ r~ ~
e Im erial Hungaxian Land Survey, ~ the
under the authority of th p
Y ~ , ,.f,, ~ ~~. t~1? Imperial ~tu~arian Carto~raphio
land-resist , ~"
,j , ~ ~~ e~ ~~r. c,
I stitute takes over the geodetio groundwork fxaro
n
~~,~~~ ~'~~,, ~'.~..; in e,ccord~nce with its own rer~uirements~
ca~o-c~~ it, Sf neoes~ary,
~~,
to the State Lana ~r-
The C~~rtographio Inetitu ~
y
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 ~pper~r its t1,o old ~~
,~
' t~1o ~ ot~~~.1 ~u~at~.rian ~~~iniotry ~ ' ~'~a~ i ~Qr
voy, , k~ ~.a~nrt~~nt ~
a ~ work tho Mato ~urvaying ~~~ ~arto~
~, ~i~'ied oont~o~ of ~~ ~urv ~y ~
~;rE~~~~~io Qouuaiaaion w~a oot~b~~at~o~ ~Y~ 1~N1~
~J''~ ~ ~e ~~ ~c~oaoci down in tl~o car~~a off' ~o
Tho ray=-tori~~,
~ r~ f
in ~e~~rA.~, oom~-l~te1Y oboolete~ TY~o ~
Militc~ry~eo~~r~;~~~io rn~t~~~~?~ i~, ~ ,, ~, ~~,
do roe of acauraay!no longer it adoquato to tho
~-~tX roati~'ioa, and their g
,~i I.i i
~.~ It ~a true t~u~t the m~~e ~ on a eaole
h~hor req~~ixe:~~onta of to Y~ ,
- uml~or off' c~~r~~AS~ they require thorou~ph +~'~
cau~a of t1~e ~re~~t n . , . ,
f /f ,~, ~ ,
Trio also a~~~aliea to tY~e ~~po~~~
t , oa o~ rn~pe, oiu~ t1~e, ~'orei~~n ~~ tho aeran~n
A ~;oa;~xtt~ 3~ek o~ ~~l y::
one end t~i~ vory ~ro~uent~.y roourxir~~~
logands for signs ~,nd abbreviate ~
~:, ~ ~.
~, ~ ~ ~i~ trr~nel~,t~one, of the n~+~er off' p aaey
~~r
~~
~ Nc~'3xr : ~d ~r horo~ h
_~ :: r .,~~. quick cad t ~
~~All th0~e rec~~sons .
~?~r~w-t of the mnp ?u~teri~-].~
r ~~ ic,~, ~oz} the ronov~~tioa of the maps is composed of eke'
the bc~aic n~ for f. ~
~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ a
~ :, , ; ~ ,, ~ ' '- ' ~ ~ ' ; which h~, v? been ~r~lsN~eae
e~ , ,~
~.
r r those wl~'~oh ~ have been furnished, by new topo-
since 19~0~ o ~
~r~,p:~.ic~ or zero-photof;ro~r-u,~etric+r~ aurveys~
r
..~~ ! ~ { ~ . ; t"
_: ~ ~re~e~~~ r~~~e afF ~ fed oaunt~~+~ a ~e
~~ , , ,.
~ ,~
~' ~ h-e
~ . .
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a~ 1r 1 ~ 1"I( ~1.~~ h !!'," ~'
,,, ~ ~
en~~eu'~~~nn~ ~~~~ao~~~ted~n:~n p
10~~ ~ ~~~~"~~~
The new
' tvlil be publiehe~ in ~, completely
~, ~ ~r;, s not been ~~ bit ,~uitc-ably ~~'
new forms whera~s a ~~r,..~ch 1 v
4 Zn ~,ccord~noe with the aaveance-
the m~ s ova sc~~~le oi' 1 ~ 200, OOd ~~n~ 1 ~ 750.Op0 will
merit o-~~ surveys, p !
~~s~
n~turc~.ly, and?rgo revis~on~ .
f
,,
The Geodetic ~e.ees of~Maps
XQ'~~~~ Trian~le,tion
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 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 :CIA-RDP82-000398000100110032-4
R,
~f
ry~ ~ ~_ ~~ ~' 7d L~ R'r ~~
~ ~ ..
orig~n~~y ~1 ?atronou~io-goodeti~~~Ark, wz~iot~ oc~etitu~tee tie ~'ou~d~
~~r d~ aaholt-rp whose
t ion rr! topp,~ra~;~hio~ woxk, wns anrrie~ out by indivi
. k was Yu ~i eubsi~iee~ by tie eb~te or by ~ublio aor~or~tione~ !~
wor
the acme o~ the 8'irat To~ogrn~ilio+~l. L~~ 8urvoy, the Joee~~ ~~
this work wr~e
ve ~urin~ the time off' eror Joeo~h ZI, ~,y~~~i~~f~Xoombined
. -y~ .-
with to~agrn~hy in the hide o~ tlaa railit~ry~ ,
.~ .
A. hna r~lr?ndy been meat ~~ ed in trio ~reoeding aeatian
~t the BooQS~d Topogrn~hia~ Lid ~rvey From 186 to 1869, nil ~;oodatia-
to o Nrr~ Ohio ro~oot? warn ~~~""~ per~a~ently organie~~ mili~
~~ 1 ~
~
,~
~
tr~ry nut~ioritiep, end. the 1~~nd~-rv~;ieter ~~w~wwr~ir~b#
instituted i~~ 1916, took over tl~e entire results off' ttie militr4ry tri~~~-
lc~ti~~n
Tine rQSUlts of th? lend-re~i Ater detnilod aurveyp ~~''~~'
well wage tl~e:~ utilized i~1 t1~o to,-o~r~l~j~~ic~ aurvey~ At tl~i;,t ti~-~o thor?
,~~,:~.
wQro el~ v~r~ dif~'orent tri~~~~ul~l~ n?tworlca, e~~oli network 1~r~vin~ its own
h;:~t r~lm~~st ??~.ch rovince ~ h+~~ iC a own inde-
4tc~rtin~ point, eo t A ~,
endent syste1~r, ~r~oh of tl~lese syatet>;is wr~s witl>,ir~ itaalf ~ carr~~lete whole;
;,
;.
the ~+- of the points a network i~l+wi~ to e~~ah othor wne v~r
~~ ~ i p~?~ ~~~
r. far the roc~uire~l~entc~ of th,l~t tinle~ 1n t11e trnns pion
f r>>m o~~e network to nnother~ 1~-owever~ the ~;re~~~~ test ~11f f ic~ltios c~~l~e to
,,
~ t for not o rly w~~`oat-e~~~??~+I'M`i-ee~o~~~~~C~
ligk ~
,~ ~ ` `' ~ ~ but th? ~ietwoaiks we1~e also disoriented
~~
with respect to eEtich other,
This ~~driod~ known~~,s the, ~~Old t~~~,in I~otwnrk~~ ~~+~~ l~~ot-
od until 188 iri ~Iuaa~r~.r",~~ Tl~ls old m~~ ~n network fe~~+~'i s?vorE~l sub-
r, ,~ ,
divisions a,a follows
,~~; ;i. ~,~,~,,,,~~ ~,r~ Y Art-~r~`t ~,,,{ '^ ~
1. The old err in networl.,,ExX~XE~~s went of the
~~~~~
Dn.nube ~ivnr~ Tl>eY~t of t~~?
~3n~ ~~?~ z+ ~'r~~~~t~a~~tl~~im.~~~ ~'~~~~~
~t ~ot1r~~~;ui~l~oa ~~loao of ti~~sjrls of for~~lar tim@~~
filly tl~-o ~1Q~lit>-i-~0 0~' toffy ~~~Ar ~=1.1 ~;~'~~~;tlc~~l ~. kr~~~t~oa~ 'gut ~loow not
Mill ~'ul
~~, l fu ~c',oril ro~~airo~,~e1~t~~ t~; ~l~ito o~ tl~e v,fit+`r ~li~-,~~t ~,iffare~lco ~~~ t~~e},~I "`'
~~tA
two ~,~?~~~~~r~~,.K~nt~ ',~ ~1~~=;,~,~~ t~~e ~,.v~trr~;~,o ~~~~rar ~~r~r ;:!:latt~ot~r
r '
.fir is r~L~to~'t ar~t~raly fitliohed~rGnc~
~ ~ rn~,?w~i- 16 bo l~~ ~,'o rkod on.
R?t,-~~z~ed ~~ tn0 fat~rt ua~~ oint ~~v:~~
i? I
ol~ljr nri~~;in~~1 r-~Mr~'~'~r`) wl~lclr rc~~r~r-ir,ad ~ tll? tc~~ritoxy off' ,~xes~ent
~.,.~oy }~:~~~xyi ttu~t ie~ file point '~~i~~,~~41 of the
1 ' ~ ` "' ~ ' ` ~~~ ~rMc o f t he
~Yhich ~~ the ~~~ rtin~ point ~ t~~A ~~ld ~~~
~~4,:i
' ~ old ~~solut~e a1~v~ ti ~ ~r- M~~~ ~l~cre~ore ~ l~~ th@ f in~,l~ ~t~?~1-
t~,it~~ it
N ~ ~,~ ~ .. ; /''
ip e,ll elw~~ti~n wrMir~w~~r~ t}~~~ notwork xef~r to bye elcv.,ti>>n ~'' ", t
Y~ ~ a f, , ~~ ~ ~~ r~~ ~ ~ qtr l ~
y ~;i ~ tr ~ ~ ~ ~
I~iolo ~~,,rtoxio in Tria~te~
the ~dri~tlc ~rt~~, r,t biro flx~d ~~~~ -. ~ ~.....~?,
:?
tall ~tr~ry-4eo~lrnl~}iic I~x,~titute~
~l~n new ~~~nd ~ ~ox'e o.;c., ct~ ,...~,n+~ ti~0 I~?an~;r ri,~~~ L~~rl~ survey
~-l '
~~ ' ~/ ~ +
~It~ / ~ ~ ~ ~ }, ~ , ~ 1 I
l~ :q n,~.~, }tur~;~~rian topo~r~'~,'~ic ~lav~titj.~~n .~M-
...#~~ ~~4~~
-- - r
tri onc~c~~etric 7,],tir~Qtxy or from ~ (~~,,
whet}sex ti}~e l~~.t~ex ~,.r~ derived d~~ ect~.y ~
.r
4 ; ,~ ~ ~; , , ; ~t ~ , :, rt~..,d.4~.,i.' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ra ""wr.~-wur~.+tiw wngi .~w....wrr..~~r...~_i _ . .~....~..~ r~
ly
hic Inotitute tnlcee av~x x,11 point ~ the trim~;uln,tion
chef ~~.rtnf~r~.p
1 I r ~Ii~ n,~ i ~qil j ~I. ;1 ~' i~I ..
~~ ~.. ~ 9i 11 ~ ~ r~ 1 1~n1~nt~
network , .from the ~Iun~~+r l~>.n I~c~nd SurYey r.,nd euL p
.~
corci~~nce with its oam requix~ments~ 'the necessity of such
the network: in nc
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J06/08 :CIA-RDP82-000398000100110032-4
 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 :CIA-RDP82-000398000100110032-4
try E~z~~iizo~r ~~~.ro t~~~~o ~ i~~.~~~~~~~~E ~ au~~r?;~~~~~~
~ao~~.u~? tie eletrationo Af tl~:o o~dar trite a n x~ptwor~c do r>t~t yAt
w~~
~u~~pl~e~,-e~~tE~.t~~~n ~~~t$r~ 'aQ~ur~,siYiaa ti;e ~,,r~d~bragi.~ter r~,x~ri tale tQpQ~r~.~l~~
d+~Y'YE~'i~lr Il3atli~~~,s ~aiaoe ~~~t'B~'E~~ d~iil~~.ll~~p Qi~ tr~t~n~:'u~,t+t!Qll Ii1~N-Et~l~'~rtl~~tA-
~I~:~i~~. o t!~~ to~~n~,'rf~.;~~~er Y~er~~>. ~ rya tli~~t k~.. ~ .aro~~ir~~rlt i~~.nc~c~rke ~o ;~xov~ded
~~ 7 1 ~ ~ . -
4~.~th trl~~.;>, ~,ccordx:nce with gtic~nt~tirrl ~~r~ncip~,es.
~ '}~ ~ ,s
~' f ~ ~-
The ~irr~rr topo~~rnplric surv?y111;r; ~' t1~e trir~~ul~~tiot~
~~
~,
i]r';i ~-
density oi' the trian].~~tian ~ twork depends on th? oharaoter of tn0 terrain;
~ ~ ~~nr~ra.~.. A
~ "1 4 rk I1N1 ?~ w r~4
every ~.~- ~ s~,ux+.re kilometere~ _ the location and
elevr~tian, ~-~.--.-_.__.
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J06/08 :CIA-RDP82-000398000100110032-4
r>~oa1a of
~~r~~ o an~duatQ~
~.~oh ~ , , ~ f~rosrl
are ~ein~
rj~, ~ r~~1~,ao~
w~t~~ tl~~o new ~~~xv~yp uow u~c~~rw~~y~
- - ~ o~a~tct of ~~o ~~t~~;~i', t~~o ko~r to ~iia ay~nbol~+i ~~a~ Qn
. ~, t,
too t~Aw cl~,~a~, t1~e rti~ ~ ~,,,~~a
,,
t11a~~@ of tl~e V~ ~ r~ Qd~t ion.
to
}~oro
t1~o~,~t?pa~~rrl)~1~~c
,:.; f "~~ tR~~~~~ ~~~,1, Ater?Q~ar~~~~1?xic ~,r~~~oct~~ ~x~fite~~d of tho
~~ +~ t~tQ ~, ~ o f
~~ ~-~ ~ ~ ~~.llt~ ~' i~il~~i~~~~ ~ Y~IV :61D~ Nt ~Iki~~) ~~#~(:~i K~ W !~ ~ :ke# ~~~~~~t~
old ~~oa;~cot~ia ~aro~oct . ~ , ~
i~~ ~~~~ ut~i,~,n ',i lt~~ th? r~~a o ~' ooi~bou~r ~~ ice o
~ a
~hotom?o1~~+n~a,illy bJ ~-elio,~rr~~~~~y or ~~i~otolitha~rnp1~Y~
Tl~o m~~~~a ~~ra reproduaea ~
~'f ~et~li~i1 ~:roar~oo; tiro r~}~~ cect tone ~~~ the rty~~,er~dix
;~~1 co~~ie~ c:.ro ~ru-do ~i o
- ?~othoA rand otyle of axec4~t ion (t~~bloa ~; to 7~
f?~j~~w tlw
~, ~~~~o ti~~~-Z ~t~~llc~l~na ~,,1~t1ti tl~o o~'ficlctl ccu~,~c ,,a t~?lr
Vc;rio~~a ~~~oc~~~l ,~~ ,~o , I
iJi1~ ~ort~4t~t ~tii~~vt~,t~~'~Y~O t;,b?~ tl~o ~r~croc~~od o,c~rf cy o
~~~,~aa: ~'or ~j},~~,~~~le~ the ~,w~01~ r:~-~p~
hn r~ ecr~le of
~
.,, ,.. ,
i ,,~
~~
ke~+hr~e
,~ra~~~ of ~r~r,~or cit des; tour ~ --~~~~-
r~s~d mr~~~e for a~ic~tor r~.~~d t~C~ur+.t~c e~~artn, otc~~
r
f ~ ~ll'~ 15r lrit~;~tude froa~ Farm r!n~l 7r~0~r lntltude;
~ the ~
7 ~~ 5~ar"rt
.~
t
b
ordric~oQ-~urvay mnp~a ~~ a
rc ~'~~~~~, of the mme type of .. r ~ ., ~ }~ ~ ,, .., , ,~ d
Y.r., ~
its cos~~~~ ct ~truc~ur an
Its conaister~t, r,;1,e~ r
co~t~uy'~ very roduce it (187 to
er~ort ~,,eriod of time req,~irad to ;~
asl~?ai~+~lly the ~~
~ lue for tkx is tMr~~,~o,~~ arno~
a,eauxed a posit' o~: of urlsu~~r.eaed y
lg6g~~
others of its ty~~e~
r 4tpC~lth Ot i11diV~~'1~1,1 d@tl~~l;~~
,, '8 BCC~Ie nf' ti1~o c-u~~ per. mite ~. ~yrec~t
The lr. r~
reeentn~
l~~~r~~l defined. r~~An?e of re~~
ith ~rsE..ter ln~ibility ~~~id r,~ora e ~ y ;~
~..lo~z~ tr ~
itled to ~,lr~.ce an ir
tio~~
ec~,lo~
e
., ~ rune is e~~t
t~> ;~~ ,
~
~
~
~,~ ~ ~
~ 0~ seals
/
~
r f le.r,~er cities, ~' maps '~
re;~icrne,
~t Theeo are oonder~aationa of off ioial
~, .
pare ublis}xed on th? basis off' t1~e new map ~+e
Tourist iS11,~~7 ~ ~ xh e~- p ~
y,~
~~
t};o ~iolio~,r~~~1~ia
e~ over ~, 4nb
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J06/08 :CIA-RDP82-000398000100110032-4
,~.i i t
. ~ , ~ ~,.~~ r r ?.nj ~' ,~ , . i
v,
.~? ` , from ~~.. ~.~._. ,,;,,,~
 F
goy a
7), Tho ems'"'"iM~~r"b~aio r io oiu~~~i~iea~ rv~~o ~~x~ 1~~'orm~tio~
iu~ort~~nt fxom tY~o tour~at~e ot~id~i~oint io irroludod- 'lie xe~end is aAiaio~~~
~~'~(~fF'~'~ CA'N'"~ _ , .~' ~ ~ -- - ---.~ _...
10-~ot4x contour ~;inde and hata131n~~ Th i~o
pro printed in oovoral oolora~ ~eoic~l oditlona fro t~ze wir~tor sport maps
~~~~~ir~; ~Ciin~ ~t~d toboaasn~ cixeaa~
A~un,tio wort ra~ao~ ~~~`~ of tho ~auba~ Tlraire ~-d
/~
~~ ~,
~ ~ ' od iri ~eva rnl colors on ~ ooc~la of ~ ~ ~~~ 004,
o t~~or rive i~ maps are p~Snt ,
~d they show the YFivQr bob. c~r~d its o~ivir~~rs~, dQ~~t~~ linos ~~rd otYrer in~'orca~,-
ti~ ir~aort~~~t for 1~oat trtlYOl~
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/08 :CIA-RDP82-000398000100110032-4
~Owri~~'e race c~ t1~e O~ntr~1 c~nd Low?r ~c~riu`~o ~F~~~i~~o~~ ~~eoa~.~ oz ~
1s 1,60''=~~OOOs
~~~?~ ~
(o~se : 6~ ~1 ~3 c?ntim?t?re ~) A milit~-ry-~;oo~r~.phic
f
aurv?y of tl~o ~~
~ ~ ~ ~ ,~ ~-
~rint?d ir, covert~l calory with.
r~ , ~ ~ .
arogx~~;.~io a~' tltio c~r'o~~ ~
??~n) ~ ~io clu~p it
' ,~
~
~
air?~c~i~`s~~,io;~ of t~~e
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J06/08 :CIA-RDP82-000398000100110032-4
1~~ ~aauod or- ~ ao~~o off' ~Fs ~4~~~QO ~aoo T~'~La
.-~ (J Tl ro -~onor~~