CERTAIN PROBLEMS IN THE COMPLETE MECHANIZATION OF COAL MINING (USSR)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00039R000100090033-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 8
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 5, 2012
• Sequence Number: 33
• Publication Date: November 3, 1950
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/05 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100090033-6
Title : CERTAIN PROBI,LIN THE CODE
I4ECRAI~ZATION OF COAL ICNIN4
ItYaSR) by B. AsXozentreter
Source= Izveetjya Akademii Nauk SSSR 0 d
No 7, 19149, pp 1038-1016 t ele heskikh Nauk,
Rusaian monthly periodic July 199,
CoNFIDENTIAL
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Co.1PItr
CENTAIN PROBI4 IN Of AZ ZATION
OF COAL WINIIO
B. B. poeentreter, Institute or
Mining of the 4caden r of CCiencee,u
The purpose of this article ie an attempt to aoleot the basic elements and
maachinee Lox a combinod mining unit which, continuouely and aimultaneoue
would securo efficient extraction of coal, ite loading and delivery to a Britt
tunnel, protection of the working apace in a etope and oontrol of mining rzeeeure.
1. Types of combined mining unite
Factors which determine the combining of mining equipment into an efficient
eyetem are as Lollowe: 1) el$ieerb conditioneg'diroction of etope advance
;
3) coal gtLality, etruoture and depth of the coal Beam; L) partioular propertiee
of the top and method o! controlling mining pressure.
According to their application the combined unite may be divided in two
groups: equipment for slanting berunsand combined unite for steeply dipping ones,
Both groups also may be subdivided according to direction of stope heading
into two groups: units for extraction by wide benclLes along the dip or rise of
a coal seam and equipment units for extraction along the course of a seam.
This work has the purpose of solving the problem for the flat slanting bode
of the Donete Basin and therefore possible combinations of mining equipment msy
be limited to certain definite complexes of maciinee.
Transportation of coal in the long stops drift reqiree employment of the
scraper conveyor, dependable in operation and permitting, in case of necessity,
moving of coal cutters along the conveyor frame.
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. _g unit is a shielding meohanioal~'
The eo~entiaj. a~m~r of ~ combined "
in the space near the stops and regulates
moved device rrhioh supports the top
the mining pressure, Necessity of coordinating the cimensions of axtractinE "4?
eterinines the width of the coal streak under
pines and mechanized support d
operation
not be realised without itQ release from the
Meover~nt of the support can ~
determines conetruotion o the seotionol aupport
roof preaeure, and this factor pre
which would permit relief of pressure on oeatione in euooeesion without leaving
or entire] even
all nearetope space L or a short period
of extracting maohinea for a combined unit
2. Section
The fllowir-g teahniaal, Qconomia and preduction indexes may be accepted as
o
machinesc 1) the hourly or shift production
criteria for comparison of extraction
of the machine and aor~tinuity of its performance j 2) operations1 dependability
a coal seam; 3) the amount
cf structural members executing eeparation of oval from
in the limits of the stops or mechanized
of labor required for produoing 100 tone
f aver for 1 cubic mlatsr of produced coal.
sections 1~) the epecifia consumption o p
of slanting seams are divided into two large
Combine machines for etopea
groups: machines permitting application of explosives for breaking and machines
oneiata of machines which permit unavoid-
excluding explosives. The first grog c
ations during the time required for bleating.
able interruption in open
? explosives for coal breaking.
3? Combine machine and units
at? and cutting?loading VPM-'l machine of
To this group belong the ZATrapgY'eg
the MArtynenko system. Both machines
were tasted in the seam of 1.7 niter thickeaa in one of Donets Basin mines
and ahared entirelY positive results. The
l was 17 meters and the angle of aea1h
ato a lengthin the case of testing the ZAL"
p
r'
done with a cutting chain of special design
slope was 2 degraea. Cutting was
le '- of the 17?roeter stops. The machine aho~-red
aimuLtaneoualy along the whole
~ roduction capacity of l72 O6 tons whioh corresponded to 7.3~?~ tone
high ~Y' p
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per labor man. The f onward travel of machine waa executed without any die-
aeeernbling eimultaneously with outting and aometimes with loading of coal broken
by exploeion.
Evaluatinij the machine aooording to criteria outlined in the previous part,
the following oonolueiona may be drawn: a) the hour and shift production cap-
acity may be euff iciently high; complete continuity of operation is not attained
when ueing ?xploeives, however there ie a poeeibility of using this machine in
combination with flameleee mane of blastixg; b) operational dependability is
tested at preeernt for a working length up to 18 meters, but it is reasonable to
expect construction of an equally dependable unit with a working length up to
3o-4o meters; o) the epecific oonewiption of electric power is not higher than
0.2-0.3 kilowatts per cubic metere, irk' ~e1auoh ae the chief role in the procvee
of ooal extraction is played, in this case, by explosives.
A unit of the ZAL type may be reoommended for use in tough coals embedded
in stable rooks at an angle of elope up to 6-8 degrees and with a seam thickness
of over 1.0 meter.
The cutting-loading VPM-1 machine of the Martynenko system operates under
approximately similar conditions but in a wider range of seam thickness. It
may be used in seamsof thickness as low as O.1S-O. ~ meters.
i
4. Coal combines based on accelerated cutting and sett-looeening of benches
between cute.
This group embraces almost all coal combines in practical use in coal mines
of the Soviet Union and abroad. As a working member, these machine use profile
(M-l, 2) or circular (NDonbae") bar or combination of several straight, bent or
circular bars and rode equipped with teeth and often with cutting disco (systems
of Makarov, Abkumov UKA.l, MDK and others).
The coal seam is dividsd in this case by cut-in slots into several benches
which under the aotign of vibrations caused by the moving teeth of cutting chains
and rode must be broken down, to chunks suitable for loading on the conveyor.
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Ai a rule, combine of this group have a low per-hour production capacity,
coneiderable conewuption of electric power per unit volwee and insufficient
dependability in the procees of coal eeparation, inasmuch se breaking and
loosen- of inter-out benoheo are not executed directly by working membere of the
combine.
The eingle exception from this rule is the coal combine "Donbas" which, in
addition to the ciroular cutting bar and rod with 2.3 dieca, ie equipped with a
power circular loader, ecrapere of which a aeily loosen inter-out benohee of the
coal eeam.
Coneidarable duet formation in the operating prooeee ie an eesentia1 die-
advantage of combines working on he principle of aocelerated cutting C3].
There are devices f or 'wetting coal in out-in elite only in the "Donbas" combine
and in the lateet model combine of the Makarov eyeteme. Obeervatione of the
Makeevka 8oientitic-Reeearoh Institute eetabliehed that the concentration of
coal duet in the air may be lowered with the aid of water from 2S-30 to 6-8
grame per cubic meter. It may be expected that the figure will be reduced even
further by the use of wetting agente reoommended by the Institute of Mining
as personnel become more experienced.
The increased crushing of coal by combines of thie group ie also a great
operational disadvantage with respect to anthracitee.
5. Coal mining combines based on utilization of accelerated cutting and
devices for mechanical and hydraulic breaking.
The construction of a mechanical breaking device is a complicated problem
not yet eolved in any of the existing comtinea. Application of hydraulic crush-
ing cartridges of the Serdyuk system (combines C-2I~/III, C-!l0) in combination
with the circular or bent cutting bar is the beet eolution to this problem but
ie not yet tested in operation. The chief disadvantage of hydraulic cartridges
is the necessity of stopping the working combine every 0J-0~7 minutes.
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The diei.gning of a coal combine with a meohaniosl or hydraulic breaking
eyatem is an urgent current problem. Good reaulti may be obtained by inveat?
ig*14one in the field of ilameleu blasting.
6. &tdachinee separating large chips of coal.
Uaohinei based on separation of coal from a seam taoe by shearing [1J
give, under attain condition., production not lower than that of ooal combines.
Their speoif'io feature is a nonuniform output from a longwsll caused by moving
he drift conveyor of ter every chip separated from a coal seam.
Consumption of electric power per unit volume of coal is insignificant,
0.25-0.6 kilowatt - hours per cubic meter.
7? Movable metal supporting system.
There are three types of travelling metal supporting ayateme: system support-
ing the roof and controlling mining pressure; system eupparting the roof but
without pressure countrol; and enclosing eyetem without roof support or pressure
control.
The system of the first type has strong vertical brace members on the aide
of the excavated space and must be a first choice for use in mechanized stopee.
There are several designs of this type, namely: the sectional support of "Ugle-
maehproye t", system of the "Kuzba ugol" combine and the one-piece support of
the Pehenko ey?tem. `
The frame supports of the Levkovekiy system belong to the second type, and
the third type of supports is represented by the shield of the 2huravlev eyatem
based on the principle of free collapsing. The letter type is considered as un-
suitable for use in coal mining with a combined mining unit.
The frame supports are being tested in operation with the PM-2 coal combine.
6. Conveyor for coal traneportatjao along the stops.
The scraper conveyor is recognised as the most efficient transportation
,, device for operation with coal extracting machines. The working capaai of the
conveyor must be not less than 350.200 tons per hour; the length 200-230 meters.
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CONFIDENHAL
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Correeponding proc~uotion suet be maintained by reloading short conveyors
metalled in arose outs. It is neoeesary that the conveyor permit loading oC
coal at any point of the long-wall.
FolloeiC technical-eoo~nonu.o+ . indexes woro cntabliehet by p na operations
or a combined mining unit working in a eeam of 1.3 meter thiokneeo; daily pro-
duotion Igo-594 (depending on the width of the coal streak extracted during a
single cycle, 0.9 or 1.2 maters); personnel in the stops - 38 men; productive
Ii.'
oa aoit - tons per man for one shit which correeponde to labor con-
sumption of 8.6 working days per 104 torus of coal] daily advancement of the stops
1.8-2.4 meters.
Conclusion
The present article unay be considered as a substantiated problem for con-
ecruction organizations in coal machine building on designing a combined unit
for extracting coal in long etopee of sloping seams.
Suggested requirements are based on investigations conducted in the Institute
of Mining of the Academpr of Sciences of the USSR in 1948 under the aupervision
of academician A. M. Terpigorev and discussed in a seminar with representatives
or scientific research and designing institutes and the Ministry of Coal Industry.
Bibliography
l. Tex'pigorev, A. M., Ro$entreter, B. A. and Matekevich, S. P. From Mining Coin-
t 8 biped Aggregate! at Solving Problems of Mechanization of Coal Mining.
binee o oUi
Izvestiya AN SSSR. OTN, No 6, 1941- h~ a e w1k1~
. r
tre nizat3elr
k
v Combine GK~i-6M. k
k
M
h
G
aro
a
e
enko N. A., T
Tieh
3Kravets, V. i., prevention or Dust-Formation by TailPPrPreliminary
aka
tv n ~ ~,-~el~na- ov~~~~
X% v . a I~~y 4
Moistening of a Coal Seam.
Institu , No 13, 1945? .
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if
4. Rosentxoter, A. A., Repaxatten t Coal ?rcrn
teveetiya AN R88R. OTN, No 11, 1944.
-IND-
C un by c w rig
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COUFENUAL
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