SECTION I CHINESE MISSILE SUPPORT BASES AND LAUNCH SITES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 114
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 10, 2010
• Sequence Number: 1
• Content Type: REPORT

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1. (S/D) When complete, this report will be a compendium of information on all deployed Chinese
Strategic Rocket Force facilities that have been identified throughout China. A description of each facility and a
summary of activity will be included in the compendium.
2. (S/D) The compendium will be divided into four sections with appropriate subsections. Publication will
be by subsection. Sections I and II will contain descriptions and overviews of the deployed launch facilities and
support facilities. Sections III and IV will address the training and the command, control, and communications
facilities.
3. (S/D) An introduction will be provided at the beginning of each section and subsection. Following
that, each launch complex, launch group, launch site, or specific and general support facility will be described in
a series of formatted individual reports which meet the basic reporting requirements. In addition to the textual
information, each individual report will contain an annotated photograph; each complex and group report will
contain an annotated map of all specific and related facilities.
4. (S/D) All available satellite imagery was used in the preparation of this report. Descriptions were
derived from the latest available imagery. Activity summaries and construction chronologies were based on all
imagery from negation date to the information cutoff date, which will be indicated in each individual report.
The photograph accompanying each report is not necessarily the latest imagery available but was chosen
because it best represents the facilities described.
5. (S/D) The information in this report supersedes that presented in all earlier NPIC basic reports because
more recent coverage is available and all photography has been reviewed. The earlier NPIC reports are listed by
control number in the appropriate subsections. Comments and discussion by the imagery analyst are consoli-
dated under the heading Analyst's Comments.
6. (S/D) The pagination includes the section number (rendered in Roman numeral) and subsection letter,
the geographic place name of the specific facility, and sequential numbering of all similar installations with that
place name. Figure numbers are in numerical order by place name.
7. (S/D) Additional subsections will be published until the compendium is completed. New and updated
reports will be issued as necessary or as new information becomes available.
Section, Strategic Forces Branch, Asian Forces Division, Imagery Exploitation Group, NPIC,
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Section I
Chinese Missile Support
Bases and Launch Sites (S)
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SECTION I: CHINESE MISSILE SUPPORT BASES AND LAUNCH SITES (S)
1. (S/D) Section I provides and summarizes data on all of China's strategic SSM missile support
bases and launch sites using the basic reporting format. Section 1 is divided into six subsections (IA
through IF). Each subsection contains the individual reports on launch sites and/or missile support bases
of a particular type.
2. (S/D) The types of launch sites and missile support bases are defined below.
Launch Site Types
Type I Launch Site
3. (S/D) A type I launch site is a remotely located single launch position, usually consisting of aC
meter-square concrete launch pad surrounded by an apron of packed earth. No missile equipment is stored
at the site. The Chinese SRBM, CSS-1 MRBM, and CSS-2 IRBM have been observed at type I launch
sites. The US intelligence community currently refers to type I launch sites as field positions.
Type II Launch Site (Types IIA and IIB)
4. (S/D) A type II launch site consists of a concrete launch pad surrounded by a
packed-earth apron and two underground propellant storage areas. Type II launch sites are further
categorized as either type IIA or IIB, depending on whether or not propellant pipelines connect the launch
pad to the propellant storage areas. A type IIA launch site does not contain propellant pipelines, but a
type IIB launch site does. There is one type II launch site at each type C missile support base-see
definition below. All missile equipment necessary to fire a missile is stored within 3 kilometers of the
launch pad (in the type C missile support base). The CSS-2 IRBM is seen predominately at type Il launch
sites, although some CSS-l MRBMs are also observed.
Type ILIA Launch Site
5. (S/D) A type IIIA launch site is a CSS-3 ICBM elevate-to-launch silo similar to the US Titan I
silo launcher. An elevator raises the missile to the surface before it is fired. The Chinese silos differ,
however, from the US Titan I silos in that up to three refire or spare missiles are stored in a cave below the
silo apron. The silo is apparently loaded from within, with the elevator lowered. Only the CSS-3 ICBM
system has been associated with these silos.
Type IIIB Launch Site
6. (S/D) A type IIIB launch site is a concrete launch pad connected via a 35-meter-
long concrete apron to a hardened missile storage structure. The missile storage structure is horizontal to
and inline with the launch pad. Additionally, there are two propellant storage structures, one separate
ground support equipment (GSE) storage structure, and one or two small command/control/communica-
tions structures. All of these structures are hardened. These type IIIB roll-out-to-launch sites are associ-
ated with the CSS-3 ICBM because of the specialized attachment points on the launch pad and apron for
the CSS-3 transporter-erector.
Type IV Launch Site
7. (S/D) A type IV launch site is a CSS-4 ICBM silo similar to the US Titan II silo. The missile is
fired from within the silo. However, the Chinese silos for the CSS-4, like those for the CSS-3, have been
situated on hillsides with caves below the apron for storage of propellants, missiles, and missile GSE.
Missile Support Base Types
Type A Missile Support Base
8. (S/D) A type A missile support base is a remotely located storage and minor maintenance facility
for missiles and missile GSE. There are no facilities for missile propellants or nuclear weapons storage,
and equipment storage is entirely in unprotected garages. No prepared launch sites, except for a training
launch site, are associated with the base. Equipment for the Chinese SRBM, CSS-1 MRBM, and CSS-2
IRBM systems has been observed in these bases. Type A missile support bases are referred to as launch
site garrisons by much of the US intelligence community.
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Type B Missile Support Base
9. (S/D) A type B missile support base is in a missile launch complex and contains storage areas for
missiles and missile GSE but no launch sites. Missiles and missile GSE are stored in buildings or hardened
bunkers and caves, but there may be a combination of all of these features. Equipment for the Chinese
SRBM, CSS-1 IRBM, CSS-2 IRBM, and CSS-3 ICBM has been observed in these bases. Type B missile
support bases are referred to as launch complex garrisons by much of the US intelligence community.
Type C Missile Support Base
10. (S/D) A type C missile support base is in a missile launch complex and contains both a launch
site (type II) and hardened storage areas for all the equipment needed to launch a missile. All type C
missile support bases have sufficient space underground to store at least one missile launch unit. Most
bases also have some equipment storage buildings but not enough space in them to store the equipment for
an entire launch unit. Only the equipment for CSS-2 IRBMs and some CSS-1 MRBMs has been observed
in these bases. Type C missile support bases are referred to as launch site garrisons by much of the US
intelligence community.
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Subsection IC
Type C Missile Support
Bases and Type II Launch Sites (S)
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction to Subsection IC ............................................................IC-I
Tonghua Complex ............................................................... IC-Tonghua-I
Launch Group A
Launch Group B
Launch Group C
Lianxiwang Complex ..........................................................IC-Lianxiwang-1
Launch Group A
Launch Group B
Launch Group C
Launch Group D
Jianshui Complex ................................................................IC-Jianshui-1
Launch Group A
Launch Group B
Liugingkou Complex .......................................................... IC-Liuqingkou-I
Launch Group A
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SUBSECTION IC: TYPE C MISSILE SUPPORT BASES AND TYPE II LAUNCH SITES (S)
INTRODUCTION
Definitions
Type C Missile Support Base (Launch Site Garrison)
1. (S/D) A type C missile support base is in a missile launch complex and contains both a launch
site (type II) and hardened storage areas for all the equipment needed to launch a missile. Most bases also
contain some equipment storage buildings, but these buildings do not contain enough space to store the
missile equipment for an entire launch unit.
Type II Launch Site (Types 11A and 11B)
2. (S/D) A type II launch site consists of a concrete launch pad surrounded by a 25X1
packed-earth apron and two underground propellant storage areas. Type II launch sites are further
categorized as either type IIA or IIB, depending on whether or not propellant pipelines connect the launch
pad to the propellant storage areas. A type IIA launch site does not contain propellant pipelines; a type
IIB launch site contains propellant pipelines. There is one type II launch site at each type C missile
support base. All missile equipment necessary to fire a missile is stored within 3 kilometers of the launch
pad (in the type C missile support base). The CSS-2 IRBM is seen predominately at type II launch sites,
although some CSS-1 MRBMs are also observed.
3. (S/D) Forty type C missile support bases and 40 type II launch sites have been identified in
China. These bases and launch sites are in four separate SSM launch complexes-at Tonghua in northeast
China, at Lianxiwang in east-central China, at Jianshui in southwest China, and at Liuqingkou in west
BEIJING
LIANXIWANG
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ULAAN BAATAN
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TONGHUA
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China (Figure 1). Within each complex, the type C missile support bases and the type II launch sites are
geographically separated into groups of four. Together with a separate propellant storage area, a head-
quarters area, and several personnel support areas, the four bases are comprised in a regiment-sized
military unit. The regiment's area is also termed a launch group.
Report Overview
4. (S/D) This subsection of the compendium contains an introduction and map of each complex and
each launch group. Following the introduction to each launch group are the individual basic reports on
the four type C missile support bases (launch site garrisons) and the associated type II launch sites within
each launch group.
Notes for the Reader
5. (S/D) Each individual basic report contains one page of text which is formatted by subject so that
comparisons are easier for the reader. The photograph of each missile support base and launch site shows
the central area of the base including all cave entrances to the underground GSE storage structures or
areas. The exact configuration of all the underground storage structures cannot be observed on overhead
imagery. However, during construction, enough information was obtained from the observation of equip-
ment, forms, amount of spoil extracted, and from uncovered parts of the structures to approximate the
size and configuration of the underground GSE storage areas. These approximate configurations are
indicated on each photograph in dashed outlines. The photograph does not necessarily show all the
buildings for housing, support, and GSE storage. The buildings at each base are considerably scattered
over areas of from 1,000 to as much as 4,000 meters. However, all buildings have been measured and
accounted for in the text and inset table for each individual basic report.
6. (TSR) It was not practical to present a chronology of construction and missile equipment obser-
vations by each date of photographic coverage. The photographic record for each garrison as of 1980
spans up to 15 years of accumulated coverage on as many as 200 separate dates. Coverage also has been
very sporadic, especially prior to 1971. Before 1971, only low-resolution photography with from six- to 20-
month gaps in coverage was available. After 1971, the photographic record improved considerably, but
gaps in coverage of up to six months are common. The large gaps in coverage and the poor resolution of
the imagery prior to 1971 considerably degrades any chronology and lessens the amount of information
which could be obtained. By 1971, for example, all ten launch groups of type C missile support bases and
type 11 launch sites were under construction; almost half were complete and missile equipment was likely
to be present.
7. (S/D) In each basic report, a construction activity was sometimes dated within a span of time-
negation date, the date first observed-because of lack of coverage and poor resolution. Where evidence
from photography was sufficient, a judgment as to the probable time of construction within the time span
was made. For example, the apron around a launch pad may have been leveled, graded, and camouflaged
at the time the launch pad was first observed complete. The condition of the apron, therefore, provides
evidence that the launch pad was probably constructed some months before photography was first avail-
able to confirm pad construction.
8. (TSR) In the case of the chronology of missile equipment observed at each base, missile equip-
ment could have been present at any time prior to 1971, but it would not have been discernible because the
resolution of the photography prior to 1971 was too poor and the coverage was too infrequent. At
Tonghua and Lianxiwang missile launch complexes, missile railcars were identified five years before
missile GSE was first seen; yet the railcars are evidence that missile equipment was already at some of the
bases. Therefore, in each individual basic report-under the headings Missile System Association and
Activity-the completion of the launch pad, the completion of missile equipment storage buildings, and
the establishment of security are included to allow the reader to judge when the base was first usable and,
therefore, when missile equipment might have been present. The first observation of equipment, the first
time missile system association could be determined, and any subsequent change in missile association are
then discussed. The chronology also presents any evidence from equipment observations that more than
one launch unit was at the missile support base.
9. (S/D) The floorspace in buildings used for housing is presented in square meters. It was deter-
mined that the floorspace in barracks averages 80 percent of the measured roof area. Terms such as
"company-sized unit" and "company-sized area" indicate a military unit of from 90 to 140 personnel or
the housing space to accommodate a unit of that size at a ratio of 4.6 square meters of floorspace per
person. The buildings used for housing at missile bases were often geographically separated into company-
sized areas, each with one messhall and one basketball court. The number of company-sized areas as well
as total floorspace and other data to indicate personnel strength and organization have been provided in
each basic report.
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10. (TSR) The information in this subsection supersedes the previously published NPIC basic re-
ports listed below.
RCA-01/0025/74, Sep 74 (TOP SECRET
RCA-01/0020/74, Aug 74 (TOP SECRE
RCA-01/0024/74, Sep 74 (TOP SECRE
RCA-01/0016/74, Jul 74 (TOP SECRET
RCA-0l/0002/79, Aug 79 (TOP SECRE
RCA-01/0001/78, Feb 79 (TOP SECRE
RCA-0I /0018/74, Jul 74 (TOP SECRET
RCA-01 /0027/74, Sep 74 (TOP SECRET
RCA-0l /0026/74, Sep 74 (TOP SECRET
REQUIREMENT
COMIREX A01
Project 200002DA
and principal imagery analyst for Subsection IC, and to I Missile
Forces Branch, Asian Forces Division, Imagery Exploitation Group, NPIC,
coordinator
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TONGHUA MISSILE LAUNCH
COMPLEX SSM (S)
1. (S/D) The Tonghua Missile Launch Com-
plex SSM is in northeastern China25X1
The complex contains 12 launch site garrisons (type C
missile support bases). The launch site garrisons are
organized by groups of four into a total of three
launch groups, designated A, B, and C (Figure 1).
Each launch group is administered from a regiment-
level headquarters, SSM Regiment Headquarters 1, 2,
and 3, respectively. One division headquarters instal-
lation and one army headquarters installation have
been identified as part of the Tonghua complex.
2. (S/D) The launch site garrisons are served
directly by road. Paved all-weather roads lead to each
launch group, but roads within the launch group are
composed of packed earth that is probably overlayed
with gravel. There is rail service directly to the com-
plex, and three rail-to-road transfer points (RTPs)
have been identified. Electric power is supplied from
the local power grid via aboveground lines. Above-
ground and buried communications lines extend to all
the launch site garrisons.
3. (S/D) The garrisons and support areas of
Tonghua complex are in separate valleys in a moun-
tainous and forested area surrounding the city of
Tonghua. Winters are severe and there is snow cover
four to five months of the year. Summers are mild
with moderate rainfall. The steep mountainsides pro-
vide the isolation and physical security for the missile
installations. Fences are not used. There are guard-
posts along the access road to each valley where a
missile installation is located. A lift gate is across the
road leading to each launch site garrison.
4. (S/D) SRBMs were probably deployed to the
Tonghua complex as early as 1962. Portions of what
is now Tonghua Launch Complex Garrison 2 (BE
were complete in November 1962. A 25X1
Army and Division Level
Support Area
-- -- Buried Communications Cable
Launch Complex Garrison
Launch Site Garrison
Improved Road
Railroad
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1 I I I
KILOMETERS (APPROX)
FIGURE 1. TONGHUA MISSILE LAUNCH COMPLEX SSM, CHINA
IC-Tonghua-I
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probable SRBM launch area, loop roads, at least one
missile storage/checkout building, garages, and bar-
racks were identifiable on the next clear photography,
obtained in May 1965. SSM-associated railcars were
first confirmed at the complex in September 1967.
Missile-associated vehicles could not be identified un-
til June 1971 when medium-resolution photography
was first available. Both CSS-I and CSS-2 equipment
were observed, indicating that both systems already
were deployed at Tonghua complex in 1971. By 1972,
more than 30 missile railcars and propellant railcars
were seen at one time in the railyard. The complex
has grown gradually but continually throughout the
1970s as well as during the 1960s. As of September
1980, construction workers were still at the complex;
new underground ground support equipment (GSE)
storage areas and new housing and support buildings
were under construction.
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TONGHUA SSM LAUNCH SITE GARRISONS 4, 5, 8, AND 10
LAUNCH GROUP A
TONGHUA MISSILE LAUNCH COMPLEX SSM (S)
ABSTRACT
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrisons 4, 5, 8, and 10 are component parts of Launch Group A, Tonghua Missile
Launch Complex SSM. Each launch site garrison is in a forested stream valley and consists of a launch area, a
GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas. Each launch area contains a launch pad and a missile
loading apron. Subsurface propellant lines connect the launch pad to propellant storage caves. The principal
GSE storage is provided by a probable drive-through tunnel, a separate GSE storage cave, and two propellant
storage caves. Construction at these garrisons began in early 1966 and continued through early 1970. The launch
pad at each launch site garrison had been completed for contingency missile firings by late 1968. CSS-1 MRBM
equipment was confirmed in the launch group in July 1972. All observations of GSE through mid-1980 have
been related to the CSS-l missile system. The housing areas 'at all of the garrisons were enlarged beginning in
mid-1971. This work was complete by early 1974.
INTRODUCTION
2. (S/D) Launch Site Garrisons 4, 5, 8, and 10 are the four type C missile support bases in Launch Group
A, Tonghua Missile Launch Complex SSM. The layout of Launch Group A, which is also designated Regiment
I of this complex, is shown on the facing page (Figure 2). In addition to the four launch site garrisons, Launch
Group A contains Tonghua Launch Complex Garrison 1 and Tonghua Launch Complex
Garrison IA type B missile support bases. There are two separate propellant storage areas,
but only one, Tonghua Propellant Storage Area I is separately targeted. Launch Group A also
contains specialized and general support areas of a regiment-level headquarters. A hardened command post
(Tonghua SSM Regiment Headquarters 1, and probably a hardened communications facility
are in the westernmost support area within 300 meters of the headquarters administration building.
Analyst's Comments
3. (S/D) The launch site garrisons in Launch Group A were ready for contingency missile firings by the
end of 1968 and were essentially complete by the end of 1970. Missile GSE was first confirmed in the launch
group in July 1972. However, improvements were made to each garrison through early 1974. Between 1971 and
1973, buildings for housing were added; between 1972 and 1974, the propellant pipelines were opened and
refurbished or replaced. Also, between 1972 and 1974, buried communications lines were refurbished or replaced
throughout the launch group area. The chronology of construction at Launch Group A is similar to that seen at
Launch Group B except that work in Launch Group A was approximately a year advanced.
4. (S/D) There is either poor road access to some propellant storage caves at these launch site garrisons or
no road access to the drive-in cave entrances. It is, therefore, unlikely that these caves are being used for
propellant vehicle storage. However, the propellant storage caves are not likely to be used by CSS-I MRBM
launch units in the same way that they are used by CSS-2 launch units. The oxidizer for the CSS-1 is cryogenic
and nonstorable, while the propellants for the CSS-2 are all storable, both fuel and oxidizer. There is no
indication that either of the propellant storage caves at garrisons where the CSS-1 is based have been prepared
for cryogenic materials storage. Also, there is no evidence that either of the propellant pipelines is specially
insulated or that the pipelines are equipped with special valves necessary for handling super-cooled liquids.
Therefore, the MRBM units at garrisons in Launch Group A are not using one or both of the propellant storage
caves at each launch site garrison or the units are using them for a different purpose.
5. (S/D) The launch pad extensions at these four garrisons have not been observed clearly. The
square launch pad appears to be similar to that at other launch site garrisons, but the pad extensions on all four
sides sometimes appeared to be rounded on the outside edge which gives the appearance that the overall shape
of the launch pad plus extensions is rounded instead of square. Whether the overall area is round or square, the
square launch pad within it appears to be similar to those at other launch site garrisons seen in China.
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REGT 1 HQ HARDENE
COMMAND POST AND,
FACILITIES
^ Regiment-Level Support Area
---- Buried Communications Cable
Road
0 2
1 1 1
KILOMETERS (APPROX)
FIGURE 2. LAUNCH GROUP A (REGIMENT 1(, TONGHUA MISSILE LAUNCH COMPLEX SSM
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Tonghua SSM Launch Site Garrison 4
UTM COORDINATES
NA
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
41-26-26N 126-15-51 E
SAC. USATC, Series 200, Sheet 0290-18, scale 1:200,000
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 4 (Figure 3) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch Group A.
The garrison is approximately 19 kilometers by road from the Tonghua SSM RTP 2 and is in a 25X1
forested stream valley. The garrison consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing
areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a ~ launch pad with a~ concrete apron 25X1
extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports and one utilities access port are set into the concrete
apron extensions near the corners of the overall launch pad plus apron. Subsurface propellant lines 25X1
lead from these access ports to propellant storage caves. The missile loading apron is with a 25X1
loading azimuth of~~ 25X1
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) There is no surface GSE storage. Underground GSE storage is provided by two propellant
storage caves, an additional cave with blast doors, and a probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant storage
caves are 91 meters and 102 meters northwest of the launch pad. The additional cave is approximately 160
meters south of the launch pad, and the probable drive-through tunnel is approximately 300 meters north of the
launch pad. Narrow-gauge rails have not been identified extending from the probable drive-through tunnel
entrances. The entrances to the tunnel are 149 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) None was discernible.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing areas are 1,000 and 300 meters north of the launch pad. Launch Site
Garrison 4 contains 1,738 square meters of floorspace in 15 barracks for three company-sized units. There are
three messhalls and three basketball courts, one for each unit.
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 4 began between March and May 1966. The launch pad
was probably constructed in late 1968. The garrison was already complete when observed in February 1969.
Construction of the subsurface propellant lines was seen in February 1968, and the lines were complete by
March 1970. The underground GSE storage areas were complete by late 1970. Additional housing (one and one-
half company-sized unit areas) was constructed in 1971. Refurbishment or replacement of the propellant pipe-
lines was observed between September 1974 and June 1975. Few changes have been observed at this garrison
since June 1975.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) The launch pad has been usable since late 1968. Site security had already been established when
the area was first observed on medium-resolution imagery in July 1971. A CSS-1 transporter-erector and an A-
frame crane were observed in August 1973. A CSS-1 transporter-erector, a canvas-covered CSS-I missile on its
transporter, and most of the GSE for one launch unit were observed in May 1974. Some CSS-1 GSE was seen in
1976 and 1978. A CSS-1 exercise was observed at Launch Site Garrisons 4 and 10 during May 1980.
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UTM COORDINATES
NA
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
41-23-37N 126-10-24E
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 5 (Figure 4) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch Group A.
The garrison is approximately 30 kilometers by road from the SSM RTP 2 and is in a forested stream valley.
The garrison consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains launch pad with a concrete apron
25X1
extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports are set into the concrete apron extensions near the
corners of the overall launch pad plus apron. Subsurface propellant lines lead from these access ports
25X1
to propellant storage caves. The missile loading apron is
with a loading azimuth of
n
2,25X1
degrees.
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage is provided by a missile checkout/storage building and a five-bay garage.
Underground GSE storage is provided by two propellant storage caves, an additional cave with blast doors, and
a probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant storage caves are 79 meters and 113 meters northeast of the
launch pad. The additional cave is 80 meters southwest of the launch pad. The probable drive-through tunnel is
shared with Launch Site Garrison 8 and is approximately 800 meters west of the launch pad. Narrow-gauge rails
have been not identified extending from the probable drive-through tunnel entrances. The entrances to the
tunnel are 675 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) None was discernible.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing areas are approximately 700 meters west and 200 meters east of the
launch pad. Launch Site Garrison 5 contains 1,584 square meters of floorspace in 13 barracks for three
company-sized units. There are three messhalls and three basketball courts, one for each unit.
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 5 began between March and May 1966. The missile
checkout/storage building was complete by late 1967. The launch pad probably was constructed in late 1968.
Construction of the underground GSE storage areas continued through early 1970. The underground GSE
storage areas were complete before medium- or high-resolution imagery was acquired in mid-1971. Additional
buildings for housing were constructed at the garrison in 1971, 1972, and 1973; the floorspace totaled one and
one-half company-sized barracks areas.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) The launch pad has been usable since late 1968. The security for Launch Site Garrison 5 is
shared with Launch Site Garrison 8. The security building had already been constructed when seen on the first
unobscured medium-resolution imagery in February 1972. A CSS-1-associated A-frame crane was identified in
July. Missile GSE has been observed sporadically. Observations of GSE included a CSS-I transporter-erector in
October 1979. A warhead van was observed in May 1980, during a training exercise period at Launch Site
Garrisons 4 and 10.
IC-Tonghua-6
Top Secret RCA-0110007180 25X1
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,up voui t nurr
Tonghua SSM Launch Site Garrison 8 1 CH
UTM COORDINATES
NA
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
41-23-34N 126-09-18E
SAC. USATC, Series 200, Sheet 0290-17, scale 1:200,000
BASIC DESCRIPTION
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 8 (Figure 5) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch Group A.
The launch site garrison is approximately 40 kilometers by road from the SSM RTP 2 and is in a forested
stream valley. The garrison consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
Launch Area
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I launch pad with a concrete apron 25X1
extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports are set into the concrete apron extensions near the
corners of the overall launch pad plus apron. Subsurface propellant lines lead from these access ports 25X1
to propellant storage caves. The missile loading apron is with a loading azimuth of 130 25X1
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage is provided by a five-bay garage. Underground GSE storage is provided by
two propellant storage caves, an additional cave with blast doors, and a probable drive-through tunnel that is
shared with Launch Site Garrison 5. The propellant storage caves are 55 meters and 75 meters west of the
launch pad. The additional cave is approximately 50 meters north of the launch pad. The probable drive-
through tunnel is approximately 2,000 meters north of the launch pad. Narrow-gauge rails have not been
identified extending from the probable drive-through tunnel entrances. The entrances to the tunnel are 675
meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) None was discernible.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing areas are 600 and 1,800 meters northwest of the launch site. Launch
Site Garrison 8 contains 1,604 square meters of floorspace in 13 barracks for three company-sized units. There
are three messhalls and three basketball courts, one for each unit.
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 5 began between March and May 1966. The launch pad
was probably constructed in late 1968. Construction of the underground GSE storage areas continued through
early 1970. In 1971, 1972, and 1973, one and one-half company-sized housing areas were constructed. With the
exception of refurbishment and small improvements in the housing area, no changes have been observed since
early 1974.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) The launch pad has been usable since late 1968. Security had already been established when the
garrison was observed on the first unobscured medium-resolution photography in February 1972. Nonsystem-
specific missile GSE was observed in July 1972, but CSS-1 cryogen trailers were identified in May 1973. Major
GSE elements of a CSS-1 unit were present in October 1977 and again in October 1979.
IC-Tonghua-8
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GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
41-25-04N 126-14-04E
CATEGORY BE NO. COMIREX NO.
SAC. USATC, Series 200, Sheet 0290-18, scale 1:200,000
BASIC DESCRIPTION
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 10 (Figure 6) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch Group A.
The garrison is approximately 23 kilometers by road from the SSM RTP 2 and is in a forested stream valley.
The garrison consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a
launch pad with a I (concrete apron 25X1
extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports are set into the concrete apron extensions near the
corners of the overall launch pad plus apron. Subsurface propellant lines lead from these access ports 25X1
to propellant storage caves. The missile loading apron has not been observed clearly. Based upon the alignment
of the road into the launch pad area, this garrison has a loading azimuth of 135 degrees.
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage is provided by a missile checkout/storage building and a five-bay garage.
Underground GSE storage is provided by two propellant storage caves, an additional cave with blast doors, and
a probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant storage caves are 127 meters and 78 meters west of the launch
pad. The additional cave is approximately 240 meters south of the launch pad. A probable drive-through tunnel
is approximately 226 meters north of the launch pad. Narrow-gauge rails have not been identified extending
from the probable drive-through tunnel entrances. The entrances to the tunnel are 292 meters apart.
Other Storage
(S/D) None was discernible.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing areas are south and east of the launch pad. Launch Site Garrison IO
contains 1,341 square meters of barracks floorspace for three company-sized units. There are three messhalls
(two share one kitchen), and three basketball courts, one for each unit.
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 10 began between March and May 1966. The missile
checkout/storage building was complete in late 1967. The launch pad was built between September 1968 and
February 1969. Construction of the underground GSE storage areas continued through early 1970. In 1971 and
1972, new housing facilities (one and one-half company-sized unit areas) were added to the garrison. In 1979,
most of the housing facilities south of the launch pad were dismantled, and two new company-sized housing
areas were under construction east of the launch pad. This construction was continuing in 1980.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) The launch pad has been usable since late 1968. The missile checkout/storage building was
usable earlier, in late 1967. The underground GSE storage areas were complete by 1970. Security had already
been established when the garrison was first observed on medium-resolution imagery during July 1971. Nonsys-
tem-specific GSE was observed in July 1972; CSS-1 associated GSE was identified in September 1976. A CSS-1
transporter-erector was observed in September 1977 and again in October 1978. A CSS-1 missile exercise was
recently observed at this garrison during May 1980.
IC-Tonghua-10
Top Secret RCA-011000718o 25X1
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TONGHUA SSM LAUNCH SITE GARRISONS 1, 2, 6, AND 9
LAUNCH GROUP B
TONGHUA MISSILE LAUNCH COMPLEX SSM (S)
ABSTRACT
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrisons 1, 2, 6, and 9 are component parts of Launch Group B, Tonghua
Missile Launch Complex SSM. Each launch site garrison is in a forested stream valley and consists of a
launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas. Each launch area contains a launch pad
and a missile loading apron. Subsurface propellant lines connect the launch pad to propellant storage
caves. The principal GSE storage is provided by a probable drive-through tunnel, a separate GSE storage
cave, and two propellant storage caves. Construction at these garrisons began in early 1967 and continued
through early 1972. The launch pad at all four launch site garrisons had been completed for contingency
missile operations by early 1969. CSS-2 missile GSE was observed at all of the garrisons in late 1972 and
early 1973. During 1974 and 1975, additional housing facilities and GSE storage buildings were completed
at all four garrisons.
INTRODUCTION
2. (S/D) Launch Site Garrisons I, 2, 3, and 9 are the four type C missile support bases in Launch
Group B, Tonghua Missile Launch Complex SSM. The layout of Launch Group B, which is also designated
Regiment 2 of this complex, is shown on the facing page (Figure 7). In addition to the four launch site garrisons,
Launch Group B contains Tonghua Launch Comnlex Garrison 2A a type B missile support 25X1
base; Tonghua Propellant Storage Area 2 and the specialized and general support areas of a 25X1
regiment-level headquarters. A hardened command post for the regiment-level headquarters, Tonghua SSM
Regiment Headquarters 2 its associated hardened communications facility (not separately 25X1
targeted), and the weather station for the regiment are in the northern part of the launch group area. The
administration building, auditorium, and family housing areas for the regiment-level headquarters are also in
the northernmost support areas.
Analyst's Comments
3. (S/D) The launch site garrisons in Launch Group B were ready for contingency missile firings by
early 1969 and were essentially complete by the end of 1970. Missile GSE was first confirmed in the launch
group in July 1971. Improvements were made to each garrison from 1971 through 1975. In 1971 and 1972,
more housing buildings were added; between 1972 and 1974, the propellant pipelines were opened and
refurbished or replaced. In 1974 and 1975, the buried communications lines were refurbished or replaced
at all of the garrisons. Also in 1974 and 1975, new housing facilities were again added, a three-bay garage
was constructed, and a POL storage bunker was built at each garrison.
4. (S/D) A field training area for Launch Group B is in Complex Garrison 2A. A concrete launch
pad without extensions or a loading apron has been constructed in a heavily wooded area. The maneuver
area and the apron around the pad are small and would simulate conditions which would be encountered
at new and hastily constructed field launch positions in northeast China. Only CSS-2 GSE has been
observed at the field training area.
5. (S/D) Major elements of two CSS-2 launch units were observed at Launch Site Garrison 9 in mid-
1972. Since that time, some duplicate items of GSE, which indicate the presence of more than one launch
unit, have been observed at all four of the launch site garrisons. Elements of as many as six propellent
vehicle complements have been observed at one time in Propellent Storage Area 2.
IC-Tonghua-12
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Top Secret RUFF
STATION
NEW HARDENED
COMMO/CP FACILITY
UCON
\
\
\
\ i
\ I
LAUNCH SITE
GARRISON 9
FIGURE 7. LAUNCH GROUP B (REGIMENT 21, TONGHUA MISSILE LAUNCH COMPLEX SSM
HARDENED
COMMUNICATIONS
FACILITY - 'I-HARDENED COMMAND POSTj
IC-Tonghua-13
Top Secret
PROPELLANT STORAGE
AREA 2
LAUNCH SITE
GARRISON 2
FIELD TRAINING
POSITION
LAUNCH
COMPLEX GARRISON 2A
I I I
KILOMETERS (APPROX)
Regiment-Level Support Area
Buried Communications Cable
Road
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Top Secret RUFF
Tonghua SSM Launch Site Garrison I
UTM COORDINATES
NA
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
41-27-O I N 126-00-27E
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison I (Figure 8) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch Group
B. The garrison is approximately 33 kilometers by road from the SSM RTP 2 and is in a forested valley.
The garrison consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a launch pad with a concrete 25X1
apron extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports are set into the concrete apron extensions
near the corners of the launch pad plus apron. Subsurface propellant lines lead from 25X1
these access ports to propellant storage caves. The missile loading apron is with a 25X1
loading azimuth of F__~ 25X1
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage is provided by one five-bay and one three-bay garage. Underground
GSE storage is provided by two propellant storage caves, an additional GSE storage cave with blast doors,
and a probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant storage caves are 174 meters north and 87 meters
south of the launch pad, and a probable drive-through tunnel is approximately 60 meters west of the
launch pad. Narrow-gauge rails have not been identified extending from the probable drive-through tunnel
entrances. The entrances to the tunnel are 160 meters apart. The additional GSE storage cave is 65 meters
north of the launch pad.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A bunkered POL storage facility is 155 meters north-northeast of the launch pad.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing areas are entirely within the security gate and both north and
south of the launch area. Launch Site Garrison 1 contains 1,939 square meters of floorspace in 15 barracks
for four company-sized units. There are four messhalls and four basketball courts, one for each unit.
There are also two probable family-quarters buildings.
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison I began between May 1966 and January 1967. The
launch pad was probably constructed in late 1968. The garrison was already complete when observed in
February 1969. Construction of the subsurface propellant lines was discernible in May 1969. Refurbish-
ment or replacement of both of the propellant pipelines was observed between December 1972 and
December 1973. Housing facilities were added in 1971 and 1972 and again in 1975. No significant con-
struction activity has occurred here since 1975. An underground communications cable linking this garri-
son with other SSM-related facilities within the Tonghua complex was present in March 1970.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) A truck-mounted crane/cherry picker was observed in July 1972, and small numbers of
cargo trucks, van trucks, and cranes were observed through 1973. In May 1974, confirmed CSS-2 system-
related GSE was first identified. CSS-2 system-related GSE was observed sporadically through May 1980.
Two truck-mounted cranes were at one of the entrances to the tunnel on 17 May.
IC-Tonghua-14
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Top Secret RUFF
Tonghua SSM Launch Site Garrison 2
UTM COORDINATES
NA
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
41-25-34N 126-03-43 E
CATEGORY IBE NO. COMIREX NO
SAC. USATC, Series 200, Sheet 0290-17, scale 1:200,000
BASIC DESCRIPTION
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 2 (Figure 9) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch Group
B. The garrison is approximately 36 kilometers (km) by road from the SSM RTP 2 and is in a forested
stream valley. The garrison consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
Launch Area
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a launch pad with a concrete 25X1
apron extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports are set into the concrete apron extensions
near the corners of the launch pad plus apron. Subsurface propellant lines lead from 25X1
these access ports to propellant storage caves. The missile loading apron is with a 25X1
loading azimuth of 120 degrees.
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage is provided by a missile checkout/storage building and a three-bay
and a five-bay garage. Underground GSE storage is provided by two propellant storage caves, an addi-
tional GSE storage cave with blast doors, and a probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant storage
caves are 114 meters east and 83 meters west of the launch pad, and a probable drive-through tunnel is
approximately 105 meters west-southwest of the launch pad. Narrow-gauge rails have not been identified
extending from the probable drive-through tunnel entrances. The entrances to the tunnel are 169 meters
apart. The additional GSE storage cave is 90 km east of the launch pad.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A POL storage bunker is 2 km west of the launch pad in Complex Garrison 2A. A possible
POL bunker is at the end of the access road within Launch Site Garrison 2.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing area is 825 meters northwest of the launch pad. Launch Site
Garrison 2 contains 2,044 square meters of floorspace in 15 barracks for four company-sized units. There
are three messhalls and two basketball courts.
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 2 began between May 1966 and January 1967. The
missile checkout/storage building was constructed in late 1967. The launch pad was first observed in May
1968 and was probably constructed in early 1968. Construction of the subsurface propellant lines was first
discernible in September 1968 and was complete by May 1970. New housing facilities were added to the
garrison in 1971 and again in 1974 and 1975. Refurbishment or replacement of both subsurface propellant
pipelines was observed between August 1973 and April 1974. No new construction has been observed since
1975. An underground communications cable linking this garrison with other SSM-related facilities within
the Tonghua complex was present in May 1970.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) The missile GSE storage buildings and launch pad were usable in 1968. Vehicles were
discernible in the garrison in July 1972, and CSS-2 GSE was confirmed in August. Some CSS-2-related
GSE has been observed frequently at the garrison since 1972 and was identified as recently as June 1980.
IC-Tonghua- 16
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lop Secret HUFF
Tonghua SSM Launch Site Garrison 6
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
41-19-53N 126-01-23E
SAC. USATC, Series 200, Sheet 0290-17, scale 1:200,000
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 6 (Figure 10) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch
Group B. The garrison is approximately 42 kilometers by road from the SSM RTP 2 and is in a forested
stream valley. The garrison consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a
launch pad with a
apron extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports and one utilities access port are set into the
concrete apron extensions near the corners of the launch pad plus apron. Subsurface
propellant lines lead from these access ports to propellant storage caves. The missile loading apron is F
with a loading azimuth of
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage is provided by a missile checkout/storage building and a three-bay
and a five-hay garage. Underground GSE storage is provided by two propellant storage caves, an addi-
tional GSE storage cave with blast doors, and a probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant storage
caves are 125 meters west and 77 meters south-southeast of the launch pad. A probable drive-through
tunnel is approximately 322 meters southwest of the launch pad. Narrow-gauge rails have not been
identified extending from the probable drive-through tunnel entrances. The entrances to the tunnel are 330
meters apart. The additional GSE storage cave is 30 meters south of the tunnel entrances.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A POL storage bunker is 350 meters south of the launch pad.
Barracks and Housing Areas
25X1
25X1
25X1
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing areas are along the site access road and east of the intersection
of the access road and the main road. The area along the main road has been separately identified as
Tonghua Barracks Area Together the housing areas contain a total of 2,310 square 25X1
meters of floorspace in 22 separate buildings. The housing areas appear to support four company-sized
units. There are four messhalls and four basketball courts, one for each unit. The housing areas also
contain four support buildings, two of which are possibly for family quarters.
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 6 began between May 1966 and May 1967. The
missile checkout/storage building was complete by May 1968. The launch pad was probably constructed
in late 1968. The pad was already complete when observed in February 1969. Construction of the subsur-
face propellant lines was first discernible in November 1970 and was complete by July 1971. Additional
housing facilities were constructed in 1971 and again in 1974 and 1975. Refurbishment or replacement of
the propellant lines was observed in mid-1973 and was complete by the end of the year. The POL storage
hunker was added in 1975. An underground communications cable linking this garrison with other SSM-
related facilities within the Tonghua complex was present in May 1970.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) The GSE storage buildings were usable in 1968; the launch pad was already complete by
February 1969. Vehicles were observed at the garrison in 1971 and 1972, but it was not until August 1973
that CSS-2-associated GSE was confirmed. Since 1973, CSS-2 GSE has been observed frequently at the
garrison and as recently as June 1980.
IC-Tonghua-18
Top Secret RCA-0110007180 25X1
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iop Secret HUFF
Tonghua SSM Launch Site Garrison 9
UTM COORDINATES
NA
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES CATEGORY BE NO.
41-19-15N 126-03-46E
SAC. USATC, Series 200, Sheet 0290-17, scale 1:200,000
Location
May 66
BASIC DESCRIPTION
I. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 9 (Figure 11) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch
Group B. The garrison is approximately 45 kilometers by road from SSM RTP 2 and is in a forested
stream valley. The garrison consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
Launch Area
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a launch pad with a concrete 25X1
apron extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports and one possible utilities access port are set
into the concrete apron extensions near the corners of the launch pad plus apron. 25X1
Subsurface propellant lines lead from these access ports to propellant storage caves. The missile loading
apron is with a loading azimuth of 25X1
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage is provided by a three-bay and a five-bay garage. Underground GSE
storage is provided by two propellant storage caves, one other GSE storage cave with blast doors, and a
probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant storage caves are 118 meters east and 115 meters west of
the launch pad. The probable drive-through tunnel is approximately 430 meters west of the launch pad.
Narrow-gauge rails have not been identified extending from the probable drive-through tunnel entrances.
The entrances to the tunnel are 142 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A POL storage bunker is 800 meters west of the launch pad.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The housing/support area is spaced along the entire site access road. The area contains a
total of 2,234 square meters of floorspace in 15 separate buildings. The housing area appears to support
four company-sized units. There are four messhalls and four basketball courts, one for each unit. The
housing area also contains three other support buildings, two of which are possibly family quarters.
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 9 began between May 1966 and May 1967. The
launch pad was probably constructed in late 1968. Construction of subsurface propellant lines was discern-
ible in November 1970. Few changes were observed until 1972 when, just after GSE was first identified, nine
new buildings were added to the housing area. Refurbishment or replacement of both propellant pipelines was
observed in late 1973. The POL storage bunker, some new housing buildings, and the three-bay garage were
added in 1974 and 1975. Since that time, no new construction has been observed.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) The launch pad was usable in February 1969. Some vehicles were in the garrison in July
1971, but CSS-2 GSE could not be confirmed until July 1972. In September 1972, major elements of two
CSS-2 launch units were observed at the garrison. Since 1972, CSS-2 GSE has been observed on numerous
dates through June 1980, the date of the latest imagery.
1C-Tonghua-20
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Top Secret RUFF
TONGHUA SSM LAUNCH SITE GARRISONS 11, 12, 13, AND 14
LAUNCH GROUP C
TONGHUA MISSILE LAUNCH COMPLEX SSM (S)
ABSTRACT
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrisons 11, 12, 13, and 14 are component parts of Launch Group C, Tonghua
Missile Launch Complex SSM. Each launch site garrison is in a forested stream valley and consists of a launch
area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas. Each launch area contains a launch pad and a missile
loading apron. Subsurface propellant lines connect the launch pad to propellant storage caves. The principal
GSE storage areas are a probable drive-through tunnel and two propellant storage caves. Construction at these
garrisons began in early 1967 and continued sporadically through 1977. The launch pad at Launch Site Garrison
12 had been completed for contingency missile firings by early 1969. No system-related missile GSE has been
observed at the garrisons; however, probable communications vehicles were at Launch Site Garrison 14 in
September 1975. Two sets of communications vehicles were observed in the propellant storage area throughout
most of 1978 and 1979.
2. (S/D) Launch Site Garrisons 11, 12, 13, and 14 are the four type C missile support bases in Launch
Group C, Tonghua Missile Launch Complex SSM. The layout of Launch Group C, which is also designated
Regiment 3 of this complex, is shown on the facing page (Figure 12). In addition to the four launch site
garrisons, Launch Group C contains a probable launch complex garrison (not separately targeted), which is a
type B missile support base; Tonghua Propellant Storage Area 3 ar and the specialized and 25X1
general support areas of a regiment-level headquarters. A hardened command post for Tonghua SSM Regiment
Headquarters 3 (not separately targeted) is the northernmost support area. An old command post and a
probable communications facility are in two caves on the western edge of the central support area (formerly
Tonghua SSM Launch Site 3, A temporary administration building, an auditorium, and the 25X1
family housing areas for the regiment-level headquarters are also in the centrally located support area.
Analyst's Comments
3. (S/D) Two sets of communications vehicles were parked in the propellant storage area of Launch
Group C in 1978 and 1979. In August 1979, a garage to store these vehicles was constructed. One of the two sets
of vehicles was observed deployed in the storage area during May 1979. When deployed, two of the three trucks
are parked back-to-back. A probable set of communications vehicles was at Launch Site Garrison 14 in
September 1975. These observations of GSE provide some evidence that missile equipment has been stored at
the bases in Launch Group C. The communications vehicles are not indicators of a particular missile system.
They are observed with CSS-1 MRBM and CSS-2 IRBM launch units and at the CSS-3 ICBM silos. The
communications vehicles are also observed in the vicinity of hardened SSM command posts and communica-
tions bunkers.
4. (S D) Launch Group C is served by the Tonghua SSM Rail-to-Road Transfer Point 3 (RTP; BE
which is approximately 50 kilometers south of the launch group. CSS-1 GSE and probably 25X1
SRBM GSE have been observed at SSM RTP 3 since January 1976.
5. (S/D) Imagery acquired during the past year (1979-1980) showed that from 20 to 30 percent of the
housing buildings at these launch site garrisons probably were unoccupied. In the winter snow was not removed,
and in the summer vegetation was overgrowing the housing buildings. Most of the permanent barracks, support
buildings, and GSE storage facilities were built in the early 1970s. Construction workers used all of the
permanent buildings, including the garages as well as some temporary buildings for living quarters. Most of the
buildings were renovated after the construction workers departed; however, some of the GSE garages were not
renovated and may not be usable for vehicle storage.
6. (S/D) There is good photographic coverage of launch site garrisons in Launch Group C during the
middle and late stages of construction. The two propellant storage caves at launch site garrisons are usually built
inside caves excavated from the surrounding mountainside. At Launch Site Garrison 11, one of the propellant
storage caves was built in an open excavation.
7. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 13 contains four propellant storage caves instead of two. Larger tanks than
the standard size missile propellant tanks have been installed in two of the caves. Launch Site Garrison 13 also
contains a POL storage bunker so that the purpose of the extra tanks and storage caves at this garrison has not
been determined. A common pipeline and dispensary serves both caves with the larger than the standard size
tanks.
IC-Tonghua-22
Top Secret RCA-011000718o 25X1
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i op secret Burr
PROPELLANT
STORAGE
AREA 3
LAUNCH SITE
GARRISON 14
FIGURE 12. LAUNCH GROUP C (REGIMENT 31, TONGHUA MISSILE LAUNCH COMPLEX SSM
IC-Tonghua-23
Top Secret
REGIMENT HQ 3
HARDENED
COMMAND POST
LAUNCH SITE
GARRISON 13
PROB LAUNCH
COMPLEX
GARRISON
REGIMENT HQ 3 PROB
HARDENED COMMO
FACILITY AND OLD
COMMAND POST
E] Regiment-Level
Support Area
Buried Communications
Cable
Road
I- Railroad
0 5
I 1 I I 1
KILOMETERS (APPROX)
RCA -0 1 /0007/80
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Top Secret RUFF
Tonghua SSM La
UTM COORDINATES
NA
unch Site Garrison II I CH
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
42-05-39N 126-02-34E
CATEGORY BE NO. COMIREX NO
SAC. USATC, Series 200, Sheet 0290-12, scale 1:200,000
BASIC DESCRIPTION
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison I I (Figure 13) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch Group C.
The garrison is approximately 55 kilometers by road from the SSM RTP 3 and is in a forested valley. The
garrison consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
Launch Area
2. (S/D) The launch area contains al (launch pad with a concrete apron 25X1
extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports are set into the concrete apron extensions near the
corners of the launch pad plus apron. Subsurface propellant lines lead from these access ports 25X1
to propellant storage caves. The missile loading apron is with a loading azimuth of n 25X1.1
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage is provided by a three-bay and a five-bay garage. Underground GSE
storage is provided by two propellant storage caves and a probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant storage
caves are 180 meters north-northeast and 150 meters west of the launch pad. A probable drive-through tunnel is
approximately 675 meters south of the launch pad. Narrow-gauge rails have not been identified extending from
the probable drive-through tunnel entrances. The entrances to the tunnel are 123 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A POL storage bunker is 375 meters south of the launch pad.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing area is near the entrance to the valley. Launch Site Garrison I I
contains 1,281 square meters of barracks floorspace for two company-sized units. There are two messhalls and
two basketball courts. There are also three support buildings, one of which is probably for family quarters.
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 11 began between February and May 1968. Ten horizon-
tal propellant storage tanks were identified in 1971 and 1972 near the propellant storages caves. Nine tanks had
apparently been installed in the storage caves by August 1974. One of the propellant storage structures was built
within an excavation and covered with earth. The launch pad was constructed in 1972, and the pad extensions
were added in 1975. The propellant lines and the garrison were complete by September 1977. An underground
communications cable linking this garrison with other SSM-related facilities within the Tonghua complex was
completed in September 1976.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) A truck-mounted crane and two cargo trucks were observed on the access road in September
1977. Cargo trucks have been observed on several occasions. Construction workers had left the garrison by May
1978, and permanent security had probably been established by that date.
IC-Tonghua-24
Top Secret RCA-0110007180
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.VI, VV#. Ql ..V..
Tonghua SSM La
UTM COORDINATES
NA
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
42-06-12N 125-58-17E
May 67
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 12 (Figure 14) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch Group C.
The garrison is approximately 57 kilometers by road from the SSM RTP 3 and is in a forested valley. The
garrison consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a
launch pad with a
extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports are set into the concrete apron
concrete apron 25X1
corners of the launch pad plus apron. Subsurface propellant lines lead from these access ports 25X1
to propellant storage caves. The missile loading apron is with a loading azimuth of ^ 25X1:1
degrees.
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage is provided by a five-bay garage. Underground GSE storage is provided by
two propellant storage caves and a probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant storage caves are 107 meters
east and 170 meters west of the launch pad. A probable drive-through tunnel is approximately 480 meters
southwest of the launch pad. Narrow-gauge rails have been identified extending from the northernmost tunnel
entrance. The entrances to the tunnel are 162 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A POL storage bunker is approximately 425 meters southwest of the launch pad.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing areas are near the valley entrance and 225 meters east of the launch
pad. Launch Site Garrison 12 contains 1,267 square meters of barracks floorspace for two company-sized units.
There are two messhalls and one basketball court. There is space prepared for a second basketball court, but no
backboards have been installed. The garrison also contains a building with quarters for four families.
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 12 began between May and August 1967. The launch pad
was already complete by early 1969. The launch pad extensions, loading apron, and subsurface propellant lines
were observed under construction in September 1974. Ten horizontal propellant tanks were observed near the
propellant storage caves, five in June 1971. All of the tanks had apparently been installed in the storage caves by
November 1974. The subsurface propellant lines were complete by November 1975. Refurbishment or replace-
ment of these propellant pipelines was observed in May 1976 and was complete by March 1977. The garrison
appeared to be complete in late 1977. An underground communications cable linking this garrison with other
SSM-related facilities within the Tonghua complex was completed in September 1976.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) No SSM or SSM-related equipment has been observed at this launch site garrison. Small
numbers of cargo trucks have been observed. The launch pad was usable for contingency missile firings in 1969.
Construction workers had left the garrison by May 1978, and permanent security had probably been established
by that date.
IC-Tonghua-26
Top Secret RCA-011000718o 25X1
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iop secret p u r r
UTM COORDINATES
NA
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
42-06-12N 125-56-42E
SAC. USATC, Series 200, Sheet 0290-12, scale 1:200,000
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 13 (Figure 15) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch Group C.
The garrison is approximately 40 kilometers by road from the SSM RTP 3 and is in a forested valley. The
garrison consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a~ ~aunch pad with a~ concrete apron 25X1
extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports are set into the concrete apron extensions near the
corners of the launch pad plus apron. Subsurface propellant lines lead from these access ports 25X1
to propellant storage caves. The missile loading apron is with a loading azimuth of 165 25X1
degrees.
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage is provided by a three-bay and a five-bay garage. Underground GSE
storage is provided by two propellant storage caves, two probable propellant storage caves, and a probable
drive-through tunnel. The propellant storage caves are 102 meters north and 87 meters south of the launch pad.
The two probable propellant storage caves as well as a separate cave with only a personnel entrance are
immediately west of the housing area. The probable drive-through tunnel is approximately 157 meters north of
the launch pad. Narrow-gauge rails have not been identified extending from the probable drive-through tunnel
entrances. The entrances to the tunnel are 132 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A POL storage bunker is 125 meters south-southwest of the launch pad.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing area is at the entrance to the valley. Launch Site Garrison 13 contains
1,287 square meters of barracks floorspace for two company-sized units. There are a messhall and a basketball
court. An unfinished messhall and a basketball court were observed, but construction has been suspended.
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 13 began between February and May 1968. Thee 25X1
square launch pad was constructed under a shed in September 1972. Construction on one of the surface
propellant lines was first observed in June 1974. The launch pad extensions and both propellant lines were
completed in 1975. Construction on the probable propellant storage caves was first seen in November 1975, and
the caves were complete by December 1978. The garrison was also complete by December. An underground
communications cable linking this garrison with other SSM-related facilities in the Tonghua complex was
constructed in July 1972.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) No SSM or SSM-related equipment has been observed at this launch site garrison. Small
numbers of cargo trucks have been observed. The launch pad has been usable for contingency missile launches
since late 1972. Construction workers left the garrison in late 1978, and permanent security had probably been
established shortly thereafter, in early 1979.
IC-Tonghua-28
Top Secret RCA-0110007180 25X1
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
Top Secret RUFF
Tonghua SSM La
UTM COORDINATES
NA
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
42-02-18N 125-52-57E
CATEGORY BE NO. COMIREX NO.
May 68
I. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 14 (Figure 16) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch Group C.
The garrison is approximately 38 kilometers by road from SSM RTP 3 and is in a forested valley. The garrison
consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains al (launch pad with al (concrete apron
extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports and a probable utilities access port are set into the
concrete apron extensions near the corners of the launch pad plus apron. Subsurface pro-
pellant lines lead from these access ports to propel ant storage caves. The missile loading apron is
meters with a loading azimuth of
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage is provided by a five-bay garage. Underground GSE storage is provided by
two propellant storage caves and a probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant storage caves are 94 meters
northeast and 104 meters west-southwest of the launch pad. A probable drive-through tunnel is approximately
982 meters south of the launch pad. Narrow-gauge rails have not been identified extending from the probable
drive-through tunnel entrances. The entrances to the tunnel are 151 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (SAD) A POL storage bunker is 750 meters south of the launch pad.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing area is near the entrance to the valley. Launch Site Garrison 14
contains 1,086 square meters of barracks floorspace for two company-sized units. There are two messhalls, two
basketball courts, and two support buildings, one of which is probably for family quarters.
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 14 began between May and September 1968. The launch
pad was first observed in January 1972, although it was probably constructed in late 1971. Construction of the
subsurface propellant lines was first seen in June 1971. Ten horizontal propellant storage tanks were observed in
June 1971 and had apparently been installed in the storage caves by August 1972. Both propellant lines were
complete by November 1975, and construction at the garrison was complete by early 1976. An underground
communications cable linking this garrison with other SSM-related facilities within the Tonghua complex was
present in August 1972.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) A three-vehicle probable communications set was present at this garrison in June 1975. No other
SSM-associated equipment has been observed. Construction has been complete since early 1976, and construc-
tion workers left the garrison by the end of that year.
25X1
25X1
25X1
IC-Tonghua-30
Top Secret RCA-0//0007/80 25X1
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Top Secret RUFF
LIANXIWANG MISSILE LAUNCH
COMPLEX SSM (S)
LAUNCH
GROUP C
SUPPO~T:
r-`U DONGLING
FIELD TRAINING
POSITION
LAUNCH
GROUP A
LAUNCH
GROUP B
Road
Railroad
IC-Lianxiwang-1
Top Secret
LAUNCH
GROUP E
(POSSIBLE)
Army and Division-Level
Support Area
? Launch Complex Garrison
A Launch Site Garrison
1. (S/D) The Lianxiwang Missile Launch-
Complex SSM Figure 1) is in east25X1
central China 160 kilometers (km) south-southwest of
Nanjing in Anhwei Province. The complex is in a
mountainous area of narrow valleys and steep ridges.
Although the general area is accessible by rail, road,
and water, the complex itself is served only by road,
and during construction could only be reached from
the north. The nearest rail line to the north is at the
town of Dongling, 75 km away. Another rail line is
under construction across the eastern edge of the
complex. Port facilities along the Yangtze River are
50 km northwest of the complex.
2. (S/D) The complex contains 16 launch site
garrisons (type C missile support bases) divided into
four launch groups (A through D). Four possible
launch site garrisons which would constitute a fifth
launch group (group E), a field training position
(Lianxiwang Field Training Position, 25X1
a rail-to-road transfer point (RTP; Lianxiwang SSM
RTP, a receiving, inspection, an125X1
maintanence (RIM) facility (Lianxiwang SSM RIM
Facility, a division headquarter25X1
(Lianxiwang Division Headquarters, 25X1
and an army headquarters (Lianxiwang Army Head-
quarters, have also been identified25X1
3. (S/D) Construction at the complex was
started between September 1965 and January 1967.
The first launch complex garrison (a type B missile
base) was completed in 1967. The first launch site
garrison (a type C missile support base) was initially
complete by December 1970, and some of the launch
areas were usable by late 1968-1969. Launch Group E
which was still under construction is considered a
possible launch group.
4. (S/D) SSM ground support equipment
(GSE) has been observed consistently at the complex
since early 1972. CSS-1 GSE was first discernible in
February 1972, followed by the first observation of
CSS-2 GSE in August 1972. Poor resolution and in-
frequent photographic coverage precluded identifica-
tion of missile equipment prior to 1972.
5. (S/D) Large numbers of construction work-
ers were still at the complex in 1980. It is likely that
additional facilities will be constructed.
RCA-01 /0007/8(25X1
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Top Secret RUFF
LIANXIWANG SSM LAUNCH SITE GARRISONS 10, 12, 13, AND 14
LAUNCH GROUP A
LIANXIWANG MISSILE LAUNCH COMPLEX SSM
ABSTRACT
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrisons 10, 12, 13, and 14 are component parts of Launch Group A,
Lianxiwang Missile Launch Complex SSM. Each launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream valley
and consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas. Each launch area
contains a launch pad with concrete extensions on all four sides and a missile loading apron. No subsur-
face propellant lines have been constructed to connect the launch pad to propellant storage caves. The
principal GSE storage is provided by a probable drive-through tunnel and two propellant storage caves,
but each garrison also contains a missile checkout/storage building and garages. Each launch pad was first
usable in 1968-1969. Missile GSE was not observed at the garrisons until 1976 but was present in nearby
support areas in 1972 and probably as early as 1968-1969.
INTRODUCTION
2. (S/D) Launch Site Garrisons 10, 12, 13, and 14 are the four type C missile support bases in
Launch Group A, Lianxiwang Missile Launch Complex SSM. The layout of Launch Group A, which is
also designated Regiment I of this complex, is shown on the facing page (Figure 2). In addition to the four
launch site garrisons, Launch Group A contains Lianxiwang Launch Complex Garrisons I and lA (BE
which are considered together as one type B missile support base; a
propellant storage area (Lianxiwang Propellant Storage Area 1, and the specialized and
general support areas of a regiment-level headquarters. A probable hardened command post for the
regiment-level headquarters is in a valley spur of Propellant Storage Area 1. The probable hardened
command post has not yet been separately targeted.
Analyst's Comments
3. (S/D) In 1968 and 1969, the four launch site garrisons in Launch Group A were readied for
contingent missile launch operations. Between February 1969 and December 1970, a launch pad and
permanent barracks were constructed at each launch site garrison. A missile checkout/storage building
was constructed earlier (in 1968) at each of the garrisons.
4. (S/D) Missile equipment was present in the support areas of Launch Group A and Complex
Garrison I in mid-1972, on the earliest photographic coverage available with enough resolution to identify
such equipment. It is likely that GSE was present much earlier, perhaps as early as 1966 or 1967, when the
RTP and some missile checkout/storage buildings were first complete.
IC-Lianxiwang-2
Top Secret RCA-0110007180
25X1
25X1
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
Top Secret RUFF
LAUNCH COMPLEX
GARRISON 1
LAUNCH SITE
GARRISON' 12
MISSILE UNIT
TRAINING AREA
GENERAL
SUPPORT
AREA 17 i
0 2
L I I
KILOMETERS (APPROX)
GENERAL SUPPORT
AREA 7
:\'PIC T-0244
FIGURE 2. LAUNCH GROUP A (REGIMENT 1), LIANXIWANG MISSILE LAUNCH COMPLEX SSM
IC-Lianxiwang-3
Top Secret
RCA-01 /0007/80 25X1
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
lop Secret Hul-t-
Lianxiwang SSM
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
30-21-17N 117-54-54E
CATEGORY BE NO. COMIREX NO.
Sep 65
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 10 (Figure 3) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch
Group A. The launch site garrison is approximately 118 kilometers (km) by road from the SSM RTP and
approximately 100 km from the SSM RIM Facility. The garrison is in a steep-walled stream valley and
consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a launch pad with a concrete
apron extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports and one utilities access port are set into the
concrete apron extensions near the corners of the launch pad plus apron. Subsurface
propellant lines have not been identified. The missile loading apron is with a loading
azimuth of
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage consists of a missile checkout/storage building and a two-bay, a
three-bay, and a six-bay garage. Underground GSE storage is provided by two propellant storage caves
and a probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant storage caves are 90 meters and 150 meters south of
the launch pad, and the probable drive-through tunnel is approximately 50 meters southeast of the launch
pad. Narrow-gauge rails on a concrete apron extend from both entrances to the probable drive-through
tunnel. The entrances to the tunnel are 130 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) No POL storage bunker has been identified at this launch site garrison.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing areas are clustered at the head of the valley and along the
garrison access road. Launch Site Garrison 10 contains 864 square meters of barracks floorspace for one
company-sized unit. The launch site garrison contains a messhall, a basketball court, and a separate
single-family quarters. Additional housing is between Launch Site Garrisons 10 and 12 (at Lianxiwang
General Support Area 17, and is probably shared by both garrisons. If so, each garrison
would have space for two company-size units, rather than one.
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 10 had begun by mid-1966. The missile checkout/-
storage building was complete by 1967. The launch pad was completed between October 1968 and Febru-
ary 1969. Construction of the underground storage areas continued through early 1970. No new construc-
tion has been started since the building of additional housing facilities in mid-1972.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) Construction was complete, security had been established, and the barracks were occupied
when the garrison was first observed on high-resolution photography in September 1972. The security
guardpost was realigned in early 1975. Missile GSE was first observed between August and September
1978 when both the transporter and transporter-erector for a CSS-2 launch unit were observed. Very little
GSE has been observed since 1978, and the equipment identified did indicate which missile system was
present. A warhead van has been observed on several dates, as recently as May 1980.
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
IC-Lianxiwang-4
Top Secret RCA-01/0007/80 25X1
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
Top Secret RUFF
Lianxiwang SSM
UTM COORDINATES
NA
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
30-20-46N 117-53-08
SAC. USATC, Series 200, Sheet 0493-14, scale 1:200,000
Sep 65
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 12 (Figure 4) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch
Group A. The launch site garrison is approximately 118 kilometers (km) by road from the SSM RTP and
approximately 96 km from the SSM RIM Facility. The launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream
valley and consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a launch pad with a I ,concrete 25X1
apron extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports are set into the concrete apron extensions
near the corners of the launch pad plus a ron. Subsurface propellant lines have not 25X1
been identified. The missile loading apron is approximately with a loading azimuth of 25X1
70 degrees.
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage eonsists of a missile checkout/storage building and a two-bay, a
three-hay, and a six-bay garage. Underground GSE storage is provided by two propellant storage caves
and a probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant storage caves are 50 meters south and 100 meters
southeast of the launch pad, and the probable drive-through tunnel is approximately 150 meters east of the
launch pad. Narrow-gauge rails on a concrete apron extend from both entrances to the probable drive-
through tunnel. The entrances to the tunnel are 180 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) No POL storage bunker has been identified at this launch site garrison.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing area is clustered at the head of the valley. Launch Site Garrison
12 contains 1,011 square meters of barracks floorspace for one company-sized unit. This launch site
garrison contains a messhall, a basketball court, and a separate single-family quarters. Additional housing
is between Launch Site Garrisons 10 and 12 (at General Support Area 17) and is probably shared by both
garrisons. If so, each garrison would have space for two company-sized units, rather than one.
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 12 had begun by mid-1966. The missile checkout/-
storage building was complete by 1967. The launch pad was completed between October 1968 and Febru-
ary 1969. Construction of the underground storage areas continued through early 1970. No new construc-
tion has been started since the building of additional barracks in late 1972.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) Construction was complete, security had been established, and the barracks were occupied
when the garrison was first observed on high-resolution photography in September 1972. The security
guardpost was relocated in October 1975 and again in October 1976. The first GSE observed was seen in
October 1976 when fuel trucks for a CSS-1 launch unit were observed. It is possible that this equipment
was not related to the garrison and was in transit. Oxidizer vehicles and other elements of a CSS-I unit
were observed at the same time in support areas of the launch group. No other missile equipment was
observed until May 1980 when a CSS-2 transporter was identified along with two other related pieces of
GSE.
IC-Lianxiwang-6
Top Secret RCA-011000718o 25X1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
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Top Secret RUFF
Lianxiwang SSM
UTM COORDINATES
NA
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
30-15-14N 117-49-54E
CATEGORY BE NO. COMIREX NO.
SAC. USATC, Series 200, Sheet 0493-14, scale 1:200,000
Sep 65
BASIC DESCRIPTION
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 13 (Figure 5) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch
Group A. The launch site garrison is approximately 140 kilometers (km) by road from the SSM RTP and
approximately 86 km from the SSM RIM Facility. The launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream
valley and consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a launch pad with a concrete
apron extension on all four sides. No subsurface propellant lines have been identified. The missile loading
apron is with a loading azimuth of
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage consists of a missile checkout/storage building and a two-bay, a
three-bay, and a six-bay garage. Underground GSE storage is provided by two propellant storage caves
and a probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant storage caves are 100 meters west and 150 meters east
of the launch pad, and the probable drive-through tunnel, which is shared with Launch Site Garrison 14, is
approximately 50 meters east of the launch pad. Narrow-gauge rails on a concrete apron extend from both
entrances to the probable drive-through tunnel. The entrances to the tunnel are 365 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) No POL storage bunker has been identified at this launch site garrison.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing areas are spread along a U-shaped valley in which Launch Site
Garrisons 13 and 14 are located. Additional barracks areas are in side valleys that branch off from the U-
shaped valley. Launch Site Garrison 13 contains 1,355 square meters of barracks floorspace for two
company-sized units. The garrison contains two messhalls and two basketball courts, one for each unit.
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 13 had begun by mid-1966. The missile checkout/-
storage building was complete by 1967. The launch pad was completed between October 1968 and Febru-
ary 1969. Construction of the underground storage areas continued through mid-1970. No new construc-
tion has been started since the refurbishment of housing facilities in late 1974.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) Construction was complete, security had been established, and the barracks were occupied
when the garrison was first observed on medium- and high-resolution photography in August 1972. No
missile GSE was observed, however, until 1977. In March, the guardpost was rebuilt; in September 1977,
CSS-1 GSE, which included a transporter-erecter, was observed. Sporadic observations of GSE from 1977
to 1980 have all been related to the CSS-1 system.
25X1
25X1.1
IC-Lianxiwang-8
Top Secret RCA-0I/0!';0% . 25X1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
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Top Secret RUFF
UTM COORDINATES
NA
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
30-15-38N 117-50-12E
CATEGORY BE NO. COMIREX NO.
Sep 65
I. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 14 (Figure 6) is one of the launch site garrisons in Launch Group A.
The launch site garrison is approximately 139 kilometers (km) by road from the SSM RTP and approxi-
mately 85 km from the SSM RIM Facility. The launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream valley and
consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a ~ Ilaunch pad with a L_
apron. No subsurface propellant lines have been identified. The missile loading apron is
with a loading azimuth o
GSE Storage Areas
concrete 25X1
25X1
25X1
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage consists of a missile checkout/storage building and two two-bay, a
three-hay, and a six-bay garage. Underground GSE storage is provided by two propellant storage caves
and a probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant storage caves are 150 meters west and 50 meters east
of the launch pad, and the probable drive-through tunnel, which is shared with Launch Site Garrison 13, is
approximately 1,000 meters southeast of the launch pad. Narrow-gauge rails on a concrete apron extend
from both entrances to the probable drive-through tunnel. The entrances to the tunnel are 365 meters
apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) No POL storage bunker has been identified at this launch site garrison.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing areas are spread along a U-shaped valley which contains both
Launch Site Garrisons 13 and 14. Additional barracks areas are in two side valleys that branch off from
the U-shaped valley. Launch Site Garrison 14 contains 1,610 square meters of barracks floorspace for two
company-sized units. There are two messhalls and two basketball courts, one for each unit.
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 14 began by mid-1966. The missile checkout/storage
building was complete by 1967. The launch pad was completed between October 1968 and February 1969.
Construction of the underground storage areas continued through mid-1970. No new construction has
been started since the building of additional housing facilities in late 1974.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) Construction was complete, security had been established, and the barracks were occupied
when the garrison was first observed on medium- and high-resolution photography in August 1972. There
were also vehicular tracks leading into the missile/checkout storage building. No missile GSE was ob-
served, however, until 1977. In September, CSS-1 GSE, which included a transporter-erector, was ob-
served. Sporadic observations of GSE from 1977 to 1980 have all been related to the CSS-1 system.
IC-Lianxiwang-10
Top Secret RCA-01/0007/80 25X1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
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Top Secret RUFF
LIANXIWANG SSM LAUNCH SITE GARRISONS 1, 2, 3, AND 7
LAUNCH GROUP B
LIANXIWANG MISSILE LAUNCH COMPLEX SSM (S)
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrisons 1, 2, 3, and 7 are component parts of Launch Group B, Lianxiwang
Missile Launch Complex SSM. Each launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream valley and consists of
a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas. Each launch area contains a launch
pad with concrete extensions on all four sides and a missile loading apron. Subsurface propellant lines
connect the launch pad to propellant storage caves. The principal GSE storage is provided by a probable
drive-through tunnel and two propellant storage caves. The launch pads were first usable in 1969-1970.
Construction at these garrisons continued through 1971 and was then suspended. Missile GSE was first
observed in February 1972. Construction to upgrade and complete the garrisons was renewed in 1974 and
has only been recently completed in 1980.
2. (S/D) Launch Site Garrisons 1, 2, 3, and 7 are the four type C missile support bases in Launch
Group B, Lianxiwang Missile Launch Complex SSM. The layout of Launch Group B, which is also
designated Regiment 2 of this complex, is shown on the facing page (Figure 7). In additon to the four
launch site garrisons, Launch Group B contains Lianxiwang Launch Complex Garrison 2 25X1
a t e B missile support base; a propellant storage area (Lianxiwang Cave Storage Area, BE 25X1
and the specialized and general support areas of a regiment-level headquarters. A possible 25X1
hardened command post for the regiment-level headquarters is opposite Launch Site Garrison 7 in a
portion of Lianxiwang General Support Area 18 Lianxiwang Propellant Storage Area 2 25X1
has been identified as the easternmost barracks area for Launch Site Garrison 2 and, at 25X1
the easternmost end of the valley, contains a possible hardened communications facility or command post
for the Regiment 2 headquarters. The Regiment 2 headquarters administration building is in the northern
portion of the launch group in an area currently targeted as Lianxiwang General Support Area 6 (BE
Analyst's Comments
3. (S/D) In 1968 and 1969, the four launch site garrisons in Launch Group B were readied for
contingency missile launch firings. Between February 1969 and December 1970, a launch pad and perma-
nent barracks were constructed at each site garrison. A missile checkout/storage building was constructed
at one garrison, and some garages were complete at three of the garrisons.
4. (S/D) Construction at these garrisons was suspended in late 1971, at the point where most of the
underground facilities were complete but before propellant pipelines and propellant tanks were installed.
It appears that the CSS-2 deployment program (started in 1970) did not progress as rapidly as perhaps
first intended. CSS-1 equipment was seen at two garrisons in Launch Group B shortly after work was
suspended. In 1974 when work was resumed to complete the propellant lines and propellant storage areas
and to refurbish the garrisons, CSS-2 equipment was first identified. Only CSS-2 equipment has been
observed since late 1974.
5. (S/D) Among the missile equipment observed at launch site garrisons in Launch Group B, some
provided unique and important new information about equipment complements in a missile launch unit.
Two CSS-1 missile transporters were observed with one transporter-erector during a unit exercise at
Launch Site Garrison 3 in August 1974. The observation is evidence that some launch units have a backup
missile and/or a refire capability. A transporter-erector was in use at the launch pad but was positioned on
the earthen apron instead of on the concrete loading apron. This suggests that the CSS-1 may have to be
oriented within 45 degrees of the intended firing azimuth while on the transporter-erector. Lesser adjust-
ments would be made when the missile is on the launch stand. A three-vehicle communications set was
observed with a CSS-l unit as early as September 1972. A missile/checkout tent was erected at Lanch Site
Garrison 7 to support CSS-2 launch unit exercises in both 1979 and 1980.
6. (S/D) The trend toward constructing most new barracks areas outside the garrison security gate
was also observed in Launch Group B.
IC-Lianxiwang-12
Top Secret RCA-0110007180 25X1
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
Top Secret RUFF
FIGURE 7. LAUNCH GROUP B (REGIMENT 2), LIANXIWANG MISSILE LAUNCH COMPLEX SSM
IC-Lianxiwang-13
Top Secret
RCA-01/0007/80 25X1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
Top Secret RUFF
Lianxiwang SSM Launch Site Garrison I
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
30-12-28N 117-44-30E
SAC. USATC, Series 200, Sheet 0493-14, scale 1:200,000
25X1.1
BASIC DESCRIPTION
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison I (Figure 8) is one of the four launch site garrisons comprising
Launch Group B. The garrison is approximately 156 kilometers (km) by road from the SSM RTP and
approximately 80 km from the SSM RIM Facility. The launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream
valley and consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area
launch pad with a I (concrete 25X1
apron extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports and one utilities access port are set into the
concrete apron extensions near the corners of the launch pad plus apron. Subsurface 25X1
propellant lines lead from two of these access ports to propellant storage caves. A buried cable extends
from the utilities access port to the southeast entrance to the probable drive-through tunnel. This end of
the probable drive-through tunnel may serve as a connection point for an intrasite buried cable network.
The missile loading apron is with a loading azimuth of 55 degrees. 25X1
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) No surface GSE storage buildings have been identified at this launch site garrison. Under-
ground GSE storage is provided by two propellant storage caves and a probable drive-through tunnel. The
propellant storage caves are approximately 80 and 160 meters southeast of the launch pad, and a probable
drive-through tunnel is approximately 100 meters northwest of the launch pad. Possible narrow-gauge
rails on concrete aprons have been identified extending from both entrances to the probable drive-through
tunnel. The entrances to the tunnel are 170 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A POL storage bunker has been constructed at the end of the launch 25X1
pad access road next to the barracks and housing areas.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing areas for this launch site garrison are clustered at the head of the
valley and approximately 800 meters west of the junction of the garrison and the complex access road. The
second housing area, just outside a local village, has the same construction chronology and history of refurbish-
ment as the housing within the security gate. Launch Site Garrison 1 contains 950 square meters of barracks
floorspace divided into areas for two company-sized units. There are two messhalls and two basketball courts,
one for each unit. The launch site garrison also contains one single-family quarters building.
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 1 began between January and August of 1967. The
launch pad was completed between February 1969 and December 1970, and the launch area was usable.
Construction on the caves and tunnel was complete by February 1972. No changes were observed until
1974. Upgrading began between August and November 1974 and continued until completion between
October and December 1977. The upgrading consisted of installing propellant lines and tanks, building the
POL storage bunker, and refurbishing the housing area. No new construction has been observed.
Missile System Association and Activity
7.
(S/D) The first observed missile GSE at Launch Site Garrision I was seen on when
25X1
CSS-2
propellant vehicles or control/alignment vans were identified. The major pieces o equipment for a
CSS-2 launch u
nit, including a transporter-erector, were observed on
CSS-2 equipment
25X1
continued to be observed at this garrison as recently as 25X1
IC-Lianxiwang-14
Top Secret
RCA-011000718o 25X1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
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Top Secret RUFF
Lianxiwang SSM
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
30-10-48N 117-39-35E
CATEGORY BE NO. COMIREX NO.
BASIC DESCRIPTION
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 2 (Figure 9) is one of the launch site garrisons in Launch Group B. It
is approximately 163 kilometers (km) by road from the SSM RTP and approximately 70 km from the SSM
RIM Facility. The launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream valley and consists of a launch area, a
GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a launch pad with a I (concrete 25X1
apron extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports and one utilities access port are set into the
apron extensions near the corners of the launch pad plus apron. Subsurface pro ell ant 25X1
lines lead from two of these access ports to propellant storage caves. The missile loading apron is 25X1
with a loading azimuth of 25X1
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage consists of one six-bay vehicle storage building. Underground GSE
storage is provided by two propellant storage caves and a probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant
storage caves are approximately 100 and 200 meters east of the launch pad. A probable drive-through
tunnel is approximately 200 meters west of the launch pad. Possible narrow-gauge rails on concrete aprons
heve been identified extending from both entrances to the probable drive-through tunnel. The entrances to
the tunnel are 170 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A camouflaged, bunkered POL storage building with a vehicle ramp 25X1
extending to the roof of the building is along the launch pad access road.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing buildings for this launch site are clustered at the head of the
valley and across the main complex road in a portion of what is presently targeted as Propellant Storage
Area 2. Launch Site Garrision 2 contains 1,068 square meters of barracks floorspace divided into two
areas for two company-size units. There are two messhalls and two basketball courts.
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 2 began between January and August 1967. The
launch pad was completed between February 1969 and December 1970. Construction of the caves and
tunnels was complete by February 1972. Upgrading began between September and December 1974. The
upgrading consisted of installing propellant lines and tanks, building the POL storage bunker, and refur-
bishing the housing area. No new construction has been observed since 1977.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) The first observed missile GSE at Launch Site Garrison 2 was seen on
By July, the equipment was confirmed as CSS-1 system associated which often appeared to be in use in
concert with exercise activity at Launch Site Garrison 3. CSS-1 GSE continued to be observed through
September 1974. Since that time, no missile GSE has been observed.
IC-Lianxiwang-16
Top Secret RCA-0110007180 25X1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
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Top Secret RUFF
Lianxiwang SSM
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
30-09-16N 117-38-47E
CATEGORY BE NO. COMIREX NO.
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 3 (Figure 10) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch
Group B. The garrison is approximately 166 kilometers (km) by road from the SSM RTP and approxi-
mately 67 km from the SSM RIM Facility. The launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream valley and
consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
Launch Area
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a ~ I launch pad with a ~ ~ concrete apron 25X1
extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports and one utilities access port are set into the eoncrete
apron extensions near the corners of the launch pad plus apron. Subsurface propellant lines 25X1
lead from two of these access ports to propellant storage caves. The concrete missile loading apron is 25X1
meters with a loading azimuth of 55 degrees.
GSF Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage consists of a six-bay garage and a two-bay garage. Underground GSE
storage is provided by two propellant storage caves and a probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant storage
caves are approximately 80 meters northeast and 10 meters southwest of the launch pad. The probable drive-
through tunnel is approximately 60 meters northwest of the launch pad. No narrow-gauge rails have been
identified extending from the probable drive-through tunnel entrances. The entrances to the tunnel are 250
meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A I I camouflaged, bunkered POL storage building with a vehicle ramp extend- 25X1
ing to the roof of the building is along the garrison access road.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing buildings for this launch site garrison are dispersed in two of four
finger valleys which make up this launch site garrison and approximately 300 meters east of the junction of the
launch site garrison and complex access roads. The second housing area has the same construction chronology
and history of refurbishment as that of the housing areas within the security gate. Launch Site Garrison 3
contains 1,306 square meters of barracks floorspace divided into areas for two company-sized units. There are
two messhalls and two basketball courts, one for each unit. The garrison also contains one separate single-
family quarters building.
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 3 began between January and August 1967. The launch
pad was completed between February 1969 and December 1970, and the launch area was usable. Construction
of the caves and tunnel was complete by February 1972. Upgrading began between September and December
1974 and was completed between September and December 1977. The upgrading consisted of installing pro-
pellant lines and possibly some propellant tankage, building the POL storage bunker, and refurbishing the
housing areas. No new construction has been observed.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) The first observed missile GSE at Launch Site Garrison 3 was seen on I when 25X1
major elements of a CSS-1 launch unit were identified. CSS-1 equipment continued to be observed through
September 1974. At that time, two missile transporters were observed with the launch unit as was a three-vehicle
set of communications vans. Propellant vehicles for the CSS-1 unit were rarely observed at Garrison 3 but were
frequently identified nearby at Launch Site Garrison 2. Since September 1974, no missile equipment has been
observed; however, the housing areas appeared to be used and occupied.
IC-Lianxiwang-l8
Top Secret RCA-0110007180 25X1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
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Top Secret RUFF
Lianxiwang SSM L
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
30-11-32N 117-42-12E
CATEGORY BE NO. COMIREX NO.
SAC. USATC, Series 200, Sheet 0493-14, scale 1:200,000
BASIC DESCRIPTION
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 7 (Figure 11) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch Group B.
The garrison is approximately 160 kilometers (km) by road from the SSM RTP and approximately 74 km from
the SSM RIM Facility. The launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream valley and consists of a launch area,
a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
Launch Area
2. (S/D) The launch area contains al (launch pad with a concrete apron 25X1
extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports and one utilities access port are set into the concrete
apron extensions near the corners of the launch pad plus apron. Subsurface propellant lines 25X1
lead from two of the access ports to propellant storage caves. The missile loading apron is 25X1
with a loading azimuth of~~ 25X1
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage consists of a missile checkout/storage building. Underground GSE storage
is provided by two propellant storage caves and a probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant storage caves
are 60 meters east and 50 meters west of the launch pad. A probable drive-through tunnel is approximately 100-
meters northwest of the launch pad. Narrow-gauge rails on concrete aprons have been identified extending from
both of the probable drive-through tunnel entrances. The entrances to the tunnel are 120 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A camouflaged, bunkered POL storage building with a vehicle ramp leading 25X1
to the roof of the building is along the garrison access road.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing areas for the launch site garrison are clustered along the garrison
access road and near the junction of the main complex and garrison access roads. Launch Site Garrison 7
contains 910 square meters of barracks floorspace divided into areas for two company-sized units. There are two
messhalls and two basketball courts, one for each unit. The garrison also contains one separate single-family
quarters building.
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 7 began between January and August of 1967. The launch
pad was completed between February 1969 and December 1970, and the launch area was usable. Construction
on the caves and tunnel was complete by February 1972. No changes were observed until 1974. Between August
and September, upgrading began and then continued through 1977. During that period, propellant tanks and
pipelines were installed, the POL storage building was constructed, and the housing and road system was
refurbished. No significant changes have been observed since late 1977 within the security gate; however, the
second company-sized housing area was constructed in late 1979 and early 1980.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) The first observed missile GSE was identified on when CSS-2 control vans were 25X1
present. CSS-2 support equipment was observed throughout 1974 until October. From October 1974 until
August 1978, no missile equipment was observed. CSS-2 equipment has been regularly observed since August
1978, including exercises where a missile checkout tent was erected in July 1979 and again in May 1980.
IC-Lianxiwang-20
Top Secret RCA-011000718o 25X1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
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Top Secret RUFF
LIANXIWANG SSM LAUNCH SITE GARRISONS 4, 5, 6, AND 8
LAUNCH GROUP C
LIANXIWANG MISSILE LAUNCH COMPLEX SSM (S)
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 4, 5, 6, and 8 are component parts of Launch Group C, Lianxiwang
Missile Launch Complex SSM. Each launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream valley and consists of
a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas. Each launch area contains a launch
pad with concrete extensions on all four sides and a missile loading apron. Subsurface propellant lines
connect the launch pad to propellant storage caves. The principal GSE storage is provided by a probable
drive-through tunnel, two propellant storage caves, and a missile checkout/storage building. The launch
pads were first usable in 1969-1970. Construction at these garrisons started in 1967 and continued through
1974; since that time, few changes have been observed. Missile GSE was first observed at Launch Group C
in September 1974.
2. (S/D) Launch Site Garrisons 4, 5, 6, and 8 are the four type C missile support bases in Launch
Group C, Lianxiwang Missile Launch Complex SSM. The layout of Launch Group C, also designated
Regiment 3 of this complex, is shown on the facing page (Figure 12). In addition to the four launch site
garrisons, Launch Group C contains Lianxiwang Launch Complex Garrison 3
a type B
missile support base; Lianxiwang Propellant Storage Area 3 and the specialized and
general support areas of a regiment-level headquarters. Some of the support areas have been separately
identified and designated. Lianxiwang IRBM Launch Site 5 Radio Communications Station/Hardened/-
Bunkered is the hardened communications facility for the regiment. The headquarters
administration building of Regiment 3 is presently designated Lianxiwang SSM Regiment Headquarters
The location of the Regiment 3 headquarters command post has not been confirmed.
Analyst's Comments
3. (S/D) The four launch site garrisons in Launch Group C were readied for contingency missile
launch firings in late 1968 and 1969. Between September 1968 and December 1970, a launch pad, a missile
checkout/storage building, and barracks for a company-sized unit were constructed at each garrison while
work proceeded on the caves and tunnels.
4. (S/D) These launch site garrisons were not identified on satellite imagery until 1972; therefore,
the sparse imagery prior to that date provided little information about the construction of the under-
ground portions of the bases. The caves and tunnels at each of the garrisons were complete by the time
that high-resolution imagery was acquired. However, imagery of good interpretability of propellant pipe-
line construction and water and utility line construction was obtained from 1972 to 1974.
5. (S/D) Beginning in late 1972 and 1973, new barracks and housing areas were constructed outside
the security gate of each garrison. Some previously completed barracks which were inside the security gate
and within sight of the GSE storage area were removed.
6. (S/D) Both CSS-1 and CSS-2 GSE have been observed at garrisons in Launch Group C at the
same time. The mixing of these two missile systems in the same launch group is unusual because different
propellants and support equipment are used for each system. The mixing of missile systems appears to be
the result of the initial completion of construction in Launch Group C and the necessity of removing
equipment from garrisons in nearby Launch Group B where refurbishment was starting. CSS-1 equipment
was removed at two Launch Group B garrisons in 1974; subsequently, CSS-1 equipment was first seen at
some garrisons in Launch Group C.
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
IC-Lianxiwang-22
Top Secret RCA-0110007180 25X1
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Top Secret RUFF
Regiment-Level
Support
---- Road
Buried Communication
Line
0 2
I I I
KILOMETERS (APPROX)
LAUNCH SITE
GARRISON 5
REGIMENT 3 HQ
HARDENED COMMO
FACILITY
LAUNCH SITE
LAUNCH COMPLEX
GARRISON 3
FIGURE 12. LAUNCH GROUP C (REGIMENT 3), LIANXIWANG MISSILE LAUNCH COMPLEX SSM
IC-Lianxiwang-23
Top Secret
LAUNCH SITE
GARRISON 6
PROPELLANT
STORAGE AREA 3
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Top Secret RUFF
Lianxiwang SSM
UTM COORDINATES
NA
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
30-02-21N 117-36-25E
CATEGORY BE NO. COMIREX NO.
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 4 (Figure 13) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch
Group C. The garrison is approximately 183 kilometers (km) by road from the SSM RTP and approxi-
mately 46 km from the SSM RIM Facility. The launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream valley and
consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a launch pad with a concrete 25X1
apron extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports and one utility access port are set into the
concrete apron extensions near the corners of the launch pad plus apron. Subsurface 25X1
propellant lines lead from two of the access ports to propellant-storage caves. A buried cable extends only
a short distance from the utility across port and may connect with a possible buried cable along the
garrison access road. The missile loading apron is with a loading azimuth of n 25X1
degrees.
GSE Storage Area
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage consists of a missile checkout/storage building and a six-bay garage.
Underground GSE storage is provided by two propellant storage caves and a probable drive-through
tunnel. The propellant storage caves are 90 meters north and 60 meters south of the launch pad. The
probable drive-through tunnel is approximately 300 meters northwest of the launch pad. Narrow-gauge
rails on a concrete apron extend 25 meters from both entrances to the probable drive-through tunnel. The
entrances to the tunnel are 152 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A POL storage bunker has been constructed approximately 1,050 meters from the launch
pad, on the launch site garrison access road, 50 meters inside the security gate.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing areas are clustered at the closed end of the valley and at the
junction of the garrison access and main complex roads. Launch Site Garrison 4 contains 1,837 square
meters of barracks floorspace divided into three areas for three company-sized units. The two large
company areas both contain a messhall and a basketball court. The smallest company area contains an
exercise field and a messhall attached to one of the barracks. The garrison also contains multifamily
quarters for five families and one separate single-family quarters.
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 4 began between November and December 1967.
The missile checkout/storage building was complete by November 1968. The launch pad was completed in
early 1969. Construction of the underground storage areas continued through 1970 and 1971. Between July
1972 and June 1974, the launch pad extensions, propellant lines, rail guides at the two tunnel entrances, a
POL storage area, and new barracks were completed. Since 1975, no new construction has been started,
but refurbishment of existing structures has been observed.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) The launch pad and surface GSE storage buildings have been usable since early 1969. The
continuous security of the garrison was not established until June 1973 and possibly as late as mid-1974
when the last of the construction workers' housing buildings was dismantled. On a full 25X1
complement of CSS-2 GSE was at the garrison. Since that initial observation, only CSS-2-related GSE has
been observed.
IC-Lianxiwang-24
Top Secret
RCA-0110007180
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
Top Secret RUFF
Lianxiwang SSM
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
30-06-39N 117-34-51 E
CATEGORY BE NO. COMIREX NO.
BASIC DESCRIPTION
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 5 (Figure 14) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch
Group C. The garrison is approximately 170 kilometers (km) by road from the SSM RTP and approxi-
mately 48 km from the SSM RIM Facility. The launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream valley and
consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a launch pad with a concrete 25X1
apron extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports and one utility access port are set into the
concrete apron extensions near the corners of the launch pad plus apron. Subsurface 25X1
propellant lines lead from two of these access ports to propellant storage caves. The missile loading apron
is with a loading azimuth of 340 degrees. 25X1
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage consists of a missile checkout/storage building and a six-bay garage.
Underground GSE storage is provided by two propellant storage caves and a probable drive-through
tunnel. The propellant storage caves are 85
drive-through tunnel is approximately 250
concrete aprons extend
meters and 134 meters south of the launch pad. A probable
meters southeast of the launch pad. Narrow-gauge rails on
from both entrances of the probable drive-through tunnel. 25X1
The entrances to the tunnel are 168 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A camouflaged, bunkered POL storage building with a vehicle ramp 25X1
leading to the roof of the building is along the garrison access road.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing area is clustered at the junction of the garrison access and main
complex roads. Launch Site Garrison 5 contains 1,848 square meters of barracks floorspace divided into
three areas for three company-sized units. There are three messhalls and two basketball courts. The
garrison also contains multifamily quarters for three families and one separate single-family quarters.
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 5 began between November and December 1967.
The launch pad was completed by December 1970. The missile checkout building was also probably
completed in December 1970, but this could not be confirmed until July 1972. Construction of the
propellant lines and additional barracks was completed in mid-1974. No new construction has been
observed since late 1974.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) The launch pad and surface GSE storage buildings were probably usable in 1969. Continu-
ous security at the garrison was established in 1974, but missile GSE was never imaged until August 1977.
The missile equipment observed at that time and throughout 1977, 1978, 1979, and early 1980 was not
system specific. CSS-2-related GSE was confirmed at the garrison on
IC-Lianxiwang-26
Top Secret RCA-01100071m 25X1
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
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Top Secret RUFF
Lianxiwang SSM Launch Site Garrison 6
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 6 (Figure 15) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch
Group C. The garrison is approximately 165 kilometers (km) by road from the SSM RTP and approxi-
mately 54 km from the SSM RIM Facility. The launch site garrison is divided into two parts. One part is
in a steep-walled stream valley and consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and
housing areas. The other part is in what presently is targeted as Lianxiwang SSM Propellant Storage Area
3 , which is 1,200 meters southeast of the launch area.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a
launch pad with a
apron extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports are set into the concrete apron
near the corners of the launch pad plus apron. Subsurface propellant lines
these access ports to propellant storage caves. The missile loading apron is
loading azimuth ofl
GSE Storage Areas
with a
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage consists of a six-bay garage and missile checkout/storage building.
The missile checkout/storage building is 1,250 meters southeast of the launch area. Underground GSE
storage is provided by two propellant storage caves and a probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant
storage caves are 85 meters and 73 meters west of the launch pad. A probable drive-through tunnel is
approximately 175 meters east of the launch pad. No narrow-gauge rails have been identified extending
from the probable drive-through tunnel entrances. The entrances to the tunnel are 228 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) The POL storage bunker for this garrison is approximately 1,100 meters southeast of the
launch area.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing areas are along the garrison access road and in a portion of
Propellant Storage Area 3-1,200 meters southeast of the launch area. Launch Site Garrison 6 contains
687 square meters of barracks floorspace in the housing area along the launch pad access road and 790
meters of barracks floorspace in the housing area next to Propellant Storage Area 3. Both housing areas
contain space for one company-sized unit. There are a messhall, a basketball court, and a family-quarters
building in each housing area.
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 6 began between November and December 1967.
The launch pad was completed before December 1970. The missile checkout/storage building was proba-
bly complete in December 1970, but this could not be confirmed until July 1972. Construction of the
propellant lines and additional barracks was completed in mid-1974. No new construction has been
observed since late 1974.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) The launch pad and surface GSE storage buildings were usable in December 1970 and
probably usable in 1969. Continuous security was not established until 1974. CSS-1 GSE was observed in
November 1974 and again in December 1975. Since the observation of CSS-1 GSE, only prime movers,
vans, and cargo trucks have been observed. Such vehicles are used by both the CSS-I and CSS-2 missile
systems.
25X1
25X1
25X1
IC-Lianxiwang-28
Top Secret RCA-0110007180 25X1
concrete
extensions
lead from
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Top Secret RUFF
Lianxiwang SSM
UTM COORDINATES
NA
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
30-04-51N 117-34-44E
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 8 (Figure 16) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch
Group C. The garrison is approximately 176 kilometers (km) by road from the SSM RTP and approxi-
mately 54 km from the SSM RIM Facility. The launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream valley and
consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a
launch pad with a
apron extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports are set into the concrete apron extensions
near the corners of the square launch pad plus apron. Subsurface propellant lines lead from
these access Worts to nronellant storage caves. The missile loading apron is with a
loading azimuth of
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage consists of a missile checkout/storage building and a six-bay garage.
Underground GSE storage is provided by two propellant storage caves and a probable drive-through
tunnel. The propellant storage caves are 37 meters northeast and 168 meters northwest of the launch pad.
A probable drive-through tunnel is approximately 305 meters north of the launch pad. No narrow-gauge
rails have been identified extending from the probable drive-through tunnel entrances. The entrances to
the tunnel are 168 meters apart.
Other Storage
25X1
25X1
25X1
4. (S/D) A I camouflaged, bunkered POL storage building with a vehicle ramp 25X1
leading to the roof of the building is along the launch site garrison access road.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing areas are clustered at the junction of the garrison access and
main complex roads and in a separate area approximately 1 km northeast of the junction. Launch Site
Garrison 8 contains 1,670 square meters of barracks floorspace divided into two areas for two company-
sized units. There are two messhalls and two basketball courts, one in each area. The garrison also
contains multifamily quarters for three families and one separate single-family quarters.
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 8 began between November and December 1967.
The launch pad and surface GSE storage buildings were already complete in December 1970. Construction
of the propellant lines and additional barracks was completed in mid-1974. Security was established in
September 1974, and no new construction has been observed since late 1974.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) One three-vehicle set of mobile communications equipment was observed on
CSS-1-related equipment was observed in October 1978 and again in January 1979. 25X1
IC-Lianxiwang-30
Top Secret RCA-011000718o 25X1
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Top Secret RUFF
LIANXIWANG SSM LAUNCH SITE GARRISON 17, 18, 21, AND 22
LAUNCH GROUP D
LIANXIWANG MISSILE LAUNCH COMPLEX SSM (S)
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrisons 17, 18, 21, and 22 are component parts of Launch Group D,
Lianxiwang Missile Launch Complex SSM. Each launch site garrison is in a steep-walled mountain valley
and consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and a small housing area. Each launch area contains a
launch pad with concrete extensions on all four sides and a missile loading apron. The only GSE storage
area at each launch site garrison consists of a probable drive-through tunnel. There are no propellant
storage caves. The launch areas and GSE storage tunnels are complete and usable. The lack of any
observed missile equipment and the lack of sufficient onsite housing for launch crews both indicate that
these garrisons are occupied temporarily, if at all, by complete missile launch units. These launch site
garrisons are most likely being maintained as contingency launch positions for launch units based else-
where in the complex.
2. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 17, 18, 21, and 22 are the four type C missile support bases in
Launch Group D, Lianxiwang Missile Launch Complex SSM. The layout of Launch Group D, which is
also designated Regiment 4 of this complex, is shown on the facing page (Figure 17). In addition to the
four launch site garrisons, Launch Group D contains a possible propellant storage area (Lianxiwang
Propellant Storage Area 4, and two partly completed support areas which appear to be a 25X1
hardened command post or communications facilities. The northernmost of these two support areas was
previously targeted as Lianxiwang Launch Site 19 , while the southernmost was designat- 25X1
ed as Lianxiwang Launch Site 20 Like the four launch site garrisons in Regiment 4, the 25X1
regiment-level support areas are incomplete and construction has been suspended for the past four years.
The functions of each are, therefore, only identified tentatively. Construction workers remain in the area
of the launch group. Construction workers' housing and one to three company-sized barracks areas for
regiment-level administration are clustered 3 kilometers south-southeast of Launch Site Garrison 18.
Analyst's Comments
3. (S/D) The lack of propellant storage caves at the launch site garrisons and the absence of the
extensive regiment-level support facilities common at most of the launch groups are sometimes cited as
evidence that these southernmost facilities of Lianxiwang could not be another type C launch group or
that the group contains a different type of launch site garrison. However, there is more evidence to
support the position that these facilities make up a typical launch group of type C missile support bases
where construction has been suspended. The work could have been suspended for political or technical
reasons or both, but CSS-2 deployment has never been as extensive as first indicated. This situation is
matched in western China at the Delingha SSM launch sites where a launch group of probably type C
bases for the CSS-2 was started in the early 1970s. Drive-through tunnels were finally completed, and
some caves and launch areas without launch pads were built. Construction was suspended for several years
before it was finally resumed. New launch areas and GSE storage caves for the CSS-3 missile system were
then started. The same sequence of events may not occur at Launch Group D at Lianxiwang, but a large
group of construction workers remains in Launch Group D and in the Lianxiwang Complex.
4. (S/D) The launch site garrisons in Launch Group D are most likely used as contingency launch
positions for missile launch units based elsewhere. The possibility that a launcher or the GSE for a missile
launch unit has been stored in the drive-through tunnel at each garrison could not be ruled out. If missile
equipment is stored in the tunnel, a launch crew, probably propellants and warhead, and any other missing
equipment would still have to be transported to each of the garrisons from elsewhere in the launch group
or complex to complete the launch unit. All of the launch site garrisons appear to be well maintained and
secured, and they appear to be constantly occupied by a small group of from ten to 15 personnel.
IC-Lianxiwang-32
Top Secret RCA-01/0007/80 25X1
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
Top Secret RUFF
LAUNCH SITE
GGARRI$ON 21
LAUNCH SITE
GARRISON 22
PROPELLANT
STORAGE AREA 4
(POSSIBLE)
POSS HARDENED CP AND
COMMO FACILITY FOR
REGIMENT 4 HQ
^ Regiment-Level Support
Area
Road
0 2
I I I
KILOMETERS (APPROX)
FIGURE 17. LAUNCH GROUP D (REGIMENT 4), LIANXIWANG MISSILE LAUNCH COMPLEX SSM
IC-Lianxiwang-33
Top Secret
R(-A-0110007180
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
Top Secret RUFF
Lianxiwang SSM Launch Site Garrison 17
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
29-53-38N 117-14-45E
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 17 (Figure 18) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch
Group D. The garrison is approximately 240 kilometers (km) by road from the SSM RTP and approxi-
mately 70 km from the SSM RIM Facility. The launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream valley and
consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and a small barracks area.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a
launch pad with al (concrete 25X1
apron extension on all four sides. No propellant access storage caves have been constructed. The missile
----
loading apron is 34 byF
]with a loading azimuth of
GSE Storage Area
3. (S/D) The launch site garrison contains no surface GSE storage. Underground GSE storage is
provided by a probable drive-through tunnel; the probable drive-through tunnel is approximately 75
meters east of the launch pad. No narrow-gauge rails extend from the entrances to the probable drive-
through tunnel. The entrances to the tunnel are 150 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) No POL storage bunker has been identified.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 17 contains one barracks with 78 square meters of floorspace,
apparently for a small security or maintenance force. There are also a kitchen or small support building
and a basketball court.
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 17 was begun between December 1970 and January
1972. Construction of the launch pad began after August 1972 and was complete with launch pad exten-
sions and loading apron by December 1972. Construction of the underground storage areas continued
through late 1974. No new construction has been started since that time except for the small barracks
which was constructed between July and October 1979.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) No missile equipment has been observed. The launch pad has been usable since December
1972, and the probable drive-through tunnel has been complete since late 1974. A small security or
maintenance force has remained at the garrison since construction was finished.
IC-Lianxiwang-34
Top Secret RCA-011000718o 25X1
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
Top Secret RUFF
Lianxiwang SSM
UTM COORDINATES
NA
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
29-46-36N 117-13-35E
CATEGORY IBE NO. COMIREX NO.
BASIC DESCRIPTION
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 18 (Figure 19) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch
Group D. The garrison is approximately 220 kilometers (km) by road from the SSM RTP and approxi-
mately 50 km from the SSM RIM Facility. The launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream valley and
consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and a small barracks area.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a launch pad with a concrete 25X1
apron extension on all four sides. No propellant storage caves have been constructed. The missile loading
apron is 34 byF-----]with a loading azimuth of[ 25X1
GSE Storage Area
3. (S/D) The launch site garrison contains no surface GSE storage. Underground GSE storage is
provided by a probable drive-through tunnel. The probable drive-through tunnel is approximately 335
meters northeast of the launch pad. No narrow-gauge rails extend from the entrances to the probable
drive-through tunnel. The entrances to the tunnel are 240 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A probable POL storage bunker has been constructed across from the northernmost en-
trance to the probable drive-through tunnel.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 18 contains one barracks with 78 square meters of floorspace,
apparently for a small security or maintenance force. There are also a kitchen or small support building
and a basketball court.
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 18 began between July 1971 and January 1972. The
launch pad was completed on The pad was either not present or was 25X1
covered with earth when observed on imagery of Construction of the underground 25X1
storage areas continued through late 1976. Between September and December 1975, the launch pad
extensions and the loading apron were completed. No new construction has been started since December
1976 except for the small barracks and support building.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) No missile equipment has been observed. The launch pad has been usable since early 1975.
The probable drive-through tunnel was usable after 1976. A small security or maintenance force has
remained at the garrison since construction was finished.
IC-Lianxiwang-36
Top Secret
RCA-0//0007/80 25X1
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
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Top Secret RUFF
Lianxiwang SSM Launch Site Garrison 21
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
29-41-53N 117-06-04E
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 21 (Figure 20) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch
Group D. The garrison is approximately 240 kilometers (km) by road from the SSM RTP and approxi-
mately 60 km from the SSM RIM Facility. The launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream valley and
consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and a small barracks area.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a launch pad with a I (concrete
apron extension on all four sides. No propellant storage caves have been constructed. The missile loading
apron is 34 byF----]with a loading azimuth of
GSE Storage Area
3. (S/D) The launch site garrison contains no surface GSE storage. Underground GSE storage is
provided by a probable drive-through tunnel. The probable drive-through tunnel is approximately 60
meters east of the launch pad. No narrow-gauge rails extend from the entrances to the probable drive-
through tunnel. The entrances to the tunnel are 195 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) No POL storage bunker has been constructed.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 21 contains one barracks with 78 square meters of floorspace,
apparently for a small security or maintenance force. There are also a kitchen or small support building
and a basketball court.
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 21 began between December 1969 and July 1971.
Construction of the launch pad was begun after July 1972 and was complete with launch pad extensions
and loading apron when next observed in December 1972. Construction of the underground storage areas
continued through late 1974. Since late 1974, no new construction has been started except for the small
barracks and support buildings.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) No missile equipment has been observed. The launch pad has been usable since late 1972.
The probable drive-through tunnel was usable after 1974. A small security or maintenance force has
remained at the garrison since construction was finished.
25X1
25X1
IC-Lianxiwang-38
Top Secret RCA-011000718o 25X1
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Top Secret RUFF
Lianxiwang SSM
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
29-35-07N 117-12-54E
CATEGORY BE NO. COMIREX NO.
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 22 (Figure 21) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch
Group D. The garrison is approximately 250 kilometers (km) by road from the SSM RTP and approxi-
mately 70 km from the SSM RIM Facility. The launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream valley and
consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and a small barracks area.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a launch pad with aconcrete 25X1
apron extension on all four sides. No propellant stes have been constructed. The missile loading
apron is 34 b ith a loading azimuth of ora e cav 225X1
GSE Storage Area
3. (S/D) This launch site garrison contains no surface GSE storage. Underground GSE storage is
provided by a probable drive-through tunnel. The probable drive-through tunnel is approximately 210
meters west of the launch pad. No narrow-gauge rails extend from the entrances to the probable drive-
through tunnel. The entrances to the tunnel are 230 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) No POL storage bunker has been constructed.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 22 contains one barracks with 78 square meters of floorspace,
apparently for a small security or maintenance force. There are also a kitchen or small support building
and a basketball court.
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 22 began between December 1970 and January 1972.
Construction of the launch pad was started after October 1973 and was complete with launch pad exten-
sions and loading apron when next observed in December. Construction of the underground storage areas
continued through late 1974. Since that time, no new construction has been started except for the small
barracks and a support building.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) No missile equipment has been observed. The launch pad has been usable since late 1973,
and the probable drive-through tunnel has been usable since late 1974. A small maintenance or security
force has remained at the garrison since construction was finished.
IC-Lianxiwang-40
Top Secret RCA-011000718o 25X1
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
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Top Secret RUFF
JIANSHUI SSM MISSILE
LAUNCH COMPLEX (S)
ALTERNATE
? Divison-Level Support Area
A Launch Site Garrison
Road
-I---1 Railroad
-- - - Buried Communications Cable
1 10
I i i
KILOMETERS (APPROX)
IC-Jianshui-1
Top Secret
1. (S D The Jianshui SSM Missile Launch
Complex is in southwest China, 12025X1
kilometers (km) south of Kunming and 45 km north of
the Vietnamese border. The complex contains eight
launch site garrisons (type C missile support bases).
The launch site garrisons are organized by groups of
four into a total of two launch groups, designated A
and B (Figure 1). Each launch group is administered
by a regiment-level headquarters, SSM regiment head-
quarters I and 2, respectively. One SSM division head-
quarters installation has been identified in Jianshui.
2. (S/D) The launch site garrisons are served
directly by road. Paved all-weather roads lead to each
launch group, but roads within the launch group are
composed of packed earth that is probably overlayed
with gravel. There is only narrow-gauge rail service
directly to the complex, and the specialized missile
railcars and propellant railcars cannot use this service.
The nearest standard-gauge rail service is at the
Kunming SSM Rail-to-Road Transshipment Facility
(RTP; in Kunming. Electric power25)(1
is supplied from the local power grid via aboveground
lines. Aboveground and buried communications lines
extend to all the launch site garrisons.
3. (S/D) The garrisons and support areas of the
Jianshui complex are in separate valleys in a moun-
tainous and forested area surrounding the city of Jian-
shui. The climate is moderate and temperatures are
rarely below freezing. The average rainfall is about 40
inches (1,000 millimeters), occurring mostly between
May and August. The steep mountainsides provide the
isolation and physical security for the missile installa-
tions. Fences are not used. There are guardposts along
the access road to each valley where a missile installa-
tion is located. There is a lift gate across the road
leading to each launch site garrison.
4. (S/D) Jianshui complex is probably closely
associated with the Kunming SSM Field Garrison (BE
the Kunmin SSM Field Training Posi-25X1
tion 1/2 and the Kunming SS]25X1
RTP. The RTP is the nearest rail service to Jianshui,
and the training positions are the only field training
areas identified in the region. SRBMs were based at
the Kunming SSM Field Garrison in 1966; CSS-1
MRBMs arrived in 1967. Construction at the Jianshui
complex was started also in 1967. The first observation
of missile equipment at Jianshui was not until 1972,
when in July, CSS-2 GSE was observed in Launch
Group A. CSS-1 MRBM GSE, identified in Launch
Group B in 1976, was the first missile equipment ob-
served in that launch group. In 1980, construction was
continuing in Jianshui complex at one of the launch
site garrisons and at many of the support areas.
RCA-01/0007/8o25X1
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Top Secret HUFF
JIANSHUI SSM LAUNCH SITE GARRISONS 1, 2, 3, AND 4
LAUNCH GROUP A
JIANSHUI SSM MISSILE LAUNCH COMPLEX (S)
ABSTRACT
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrisons 1, 2, 3, and 4 are component parts of Launch Group A, Jianshui
SSM Missile Launch Complex. Each site garrison is in a steep-walled stream valley and consists of a
launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas. Each launch area contains a launch pad
and a missile loading apron. Subsurface propellant lines connect the launch pad to propellant storage
caves. The principal storage is provided by a probable drive-through tunnel and two propellant storage
caves. Construction at these garrisons began in early 1967 and continued through early 1972. The launch
pad at Launch Site Garrison 4 was completed for contingency missile firings in 1969 and at Launch Site
Garrison 3 in 1970. CSS-2 missile GSE was observed at all the garrisons by late 1972 and early 1973.
During 1975, additional housing and GSE storage buildings were completed at all four garrisons.
INTRODUCTION
2. (S/D) Launch Site Garrisons 1, 2, 3, and 4 are the four type C missile support bases in Launch,
Group A, Jianshui SSM Missile Launch Complex. The layout of Launch Group A, also designated
Regiment 1 of this complex, is shown on the facing page (Figure 2). In addition to the four launch site
garrisons, Launch Group A contains Jianshui Launch Complex Garrison 1 a type B 25X1
missile support base; Jianshui Propellant Storage Area 1 and the specialized and general 25X1
support areas of a regiment-level headquarters. A hardened command post for the regiment-level head-
quarters (Jianshui SSM Regiment Headquarters 1, its associated hardened communica- 25X1
tions facility (Jianshui Communications Facility/Hard/Bunker, and the regiment weather 25X1
station are in the southern part of the launch group area. The administration building, auditorium, and
family housing areas for the regiment-level headquarters are in the northernmost support area.
Analyst's Comments
3. (S/D) From 1972 to 1974, observations of GSE indicated that at least one launch unit was present
at each of the launch site garrisons. From 1973 to 1975, two company-sized housing areas and above-
ground GSE storage buildings were added to all four garrisons. Building floorspace at each garrison was
more than doubled. Because at least one launch unit was deployed and maintained over some years
without these structures, the expansion of building space is significant evidence that additional launch
units or a refire capability had been added to these garrisons.
4. (S/D) Considerable insight into the operation of the type C missile support bases has been gained
from the observations of GSE at this launch group. A missile transporter and a crane have been observed
next to the rail guides serving an entrance to the probable drive-through tunnel. Also, during missile
training exercises as early as 1973, a full complement of propellant vehicles was present. The complement
of propellant vehicles was being used to fuel the missile, directly bypassing the pipelines connecting the
launch pad and storage tanks. The propellant vehicle complement also allows a CSS-2 launch unit to
deploy to another launch position, even hastily constructed field positions where there are no propellant
pipelines and storage areas. The exercises observed indicate considerable and frequent training to carry
out this deployment option.
IC-Jianshui-2
Top Secret RCA-01/0007/80 25X1
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Top Secret RUFF
LAUNCH SITE
GARRISON 2
LAUNCH SITE
GARRISON 1
HARDENED
COMMAND
POST
HARDENED
COMMUNICATIONS
FACILITY
LAUNCH SITE
GARRISON 4
PROPELLANT
STORAGE AREA 1
^ Regiment-Level Support Area
- - - - Buried Communications Cable
Road
0 3
L I I I
KILOMETERS (APPROX)
IC-Jianshui-3
Top Secret
RCA-0110007180
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
Top Secret RUFF
UTM COORDINATES
NA
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
23-23-ION 102-43-IOE
SAC. USATC, Series 200, Sheet 0616-02, scale 1:200,000
May 80
NEGATION DATE (If required)
Feb 67
BASIC DESCRIPTION
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 1 (Figure 3) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch Group A.
The garrison is approximately 289 kilometers (km) by road from the Kunming SSM RTP and approximately 50
km from the Jianshui SSM Receiving, Inspection, and Maintenance (RIM) Facility The 25X1
launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream valley and consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and
barracks and housing areas.
Launch Area
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a I I launch pad with a concrete 25X1
apron extension on all four sides. Two propellant access ports and one utilities access port are set into the
concrete apron extensions near the corners of the launch pad plus apron. Subsurface 25X1
propellant lines lead from two of the access ports to propellant storage caves. The missile loading apron is
with a loading azimuth of 25X1
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) This launch site garrison contains one four-bay garage. Underground GSE storage is
provided by two propellant storage caves and a probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant storage
caves are 127 meters north and 130 meters south of the launch pad. The probable drive-through tunnel is
approximately 75 meters south of the launch pad. Narrow-gauge rails do not extend from the entrances of
the probable drive-through tunnel. The entrances to the tunnel are 152 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) No POL storage bunker has been identified. There are two small caves without blast doors.
One cave, 70 meters south of the launch pad, could be for POL storage. The other small cave, 40 meters
west of the launch pad, is probably a launch control bunker.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing areas are 300 meters north and 2 km north of the launch pad.
Launch Site Garrison I contains 2,523 square meters of barracks floorspace in 20 barracks divided into
four areas for four company-sized units. There are four messhalls and four basketball courts, one for each
unit. The launch site garrison also contains multifamily quarters for four families and one separate single-
family quarters.
Construction Status
6.
launch
(S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 1 had begun by August 1967. Construction of the
pad was complete, including the launch pad extensions, by January 1972. Construction of the
underground storage areas was not complete
structed from mid-1973 through 1975. A new
changing the missile loading azimuth from
started since 1975.
until mid-1972. Additional housing facilities were con-
missile loading apron was completed by January 1975,
No new construction has been
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) Missile GSE was first observed at this launch site garrison during April 1973. A truck-
mounted crane and a possible CSS-2 canvas-covered launch stand transporter were observed in January
1974. CSS-2 GSE has been observed consistently, as recently as December 1979.
IC-Jianshui-4
Top Secret
RCA-0110007180 25X1
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Top Secret RUFF
nch Site Garrison 2 I CH
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES CATEGORY BE NO. COMIREX NO.
May 80
Location
BASIC DESCRIPTION
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 2 (Figure 4) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch Group
A. The garrison is approximately 290 kilometers (km) by road from the Kunming SSM RTP and approxi-
mately 48 km from the Jianshui SSM RIM Facility. The launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream
valley and consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a launch pad with a I (concrete
apron extension on two sides. Two propellant access ports are set into the concrete apron extensions near
the corners. Subsurface propellant lines lead from two of the access ports to propellant storage caves. The
missile loading apron is with a loading azimuth of
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage consists of a six bay garage. Underground GSE storage is provided by
two propellant storage caves and a probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant storage caves are 162
meters and 132 meters south of the launch pad, and the probable drive-through tunnel is approximately 51
meters south of the launch pad. Narrow-gauge rails do not extend from the entrances of the probable drive
through tunnel. The entrances to the tunnel are 258 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A POL storage bunker has not been identified.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing areas are 365 meters and 600 meters north of the launch pad.
Launch Site Garrison 2 contains 2,274 square meters of barracks floorspace in 15 barracks for four
company-sized units. There are four messhalls and four basketball courts, one for each unit. The launch
site garrison also contains multifamily quarters for four families and one separate single-family quarters.
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 2 had begun by August 1967. Launch pad construc-
tion was complete by January 1972. Construction of the underground storage areas was not complete until
early 1972. New housing and GSE storage buildings were added in 1973 and 1974. Between March 1974
and January 1975, the launch pad extensions and the missile loading apron were completed. No new
construction has been started since 1975.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) Missile GSE has been observed at Launch Site Garrison 2 since January 1973 with the
identification of a cherry- picker/crane. A CSS-2 launch stand transporter and four CSS-2 fuel vehicles
were observed in March 1973. CSS-2 GSE has been observed consistently, as recently as January 1980.
2.25X1
IC-Jianshui-6
Top Secret RCA-0110007180 25X1
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
Top Secret RUFF
UTM COORDINATES
NA
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
23-24-19N 102-49-40E
SAC. USATC, Series 200, Sheet 0616-02, scale 1:200,000
Location
BASIC DESCRIPTION
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 3 (Figure 5) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch Group
A. The garrison is approximately 290 kilometers (km) by road from the Kunming SSM RTP and approxi-
mately 38 km from the Jianshui SSM RIM Facility. The launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream
valley and consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
Launch Area
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a launch pad with a oncrete 25X1
apron extension on two sides. Two propellant access ports are set into the concrete apron extensions near
the corners. Subsurface propellant lines lead from two of the access ports to propellant storage caves. The
missile loading apron is with a loading azimuth of 265 degrees. 25X1
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage consists of a missile checkout/storage building and a six- bay, two
four-bay, and a five-bay garage. Underground GSE storage is provided by two propellant storage caves
and a probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant storage caves are 100 meters north and 100 meters
west of the launch pad. The probable drive-through tunnel is approximately 145 meters north of the
launch pad. Narrow-gauge rails on a concrete apron extend from one entrance of the probable drive-
through tunnel. The entrances to the tunnel are 175 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A POL storage bunker has been constructed approximately 550 meters northwest of the
launch pad, on the site garrison access road.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing areas are 240 meters southeast and 365 meters northeast of the
launch pad. Launch Site Garrison 3 contains 2,500 square meters of floorspace in 16 barracks for four
company-sized units. There are four messhalls and four basketball courts, one for each unit. The launch
site garrison also contains multifamily quarters for four families and one separate single-family quarters.
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 3 had begun by December 1968. Launch pad con-
struction was completed between March 1970 and April 1971. Construction of the underground storage
areas was not complete until early 1972. Between January and July 1975, the launch pad extensions and
the missile loading aprons were completed. The missile checkout/storage building, garages, and additional
housing facilities were complete by early 1975. No new construction has been started since late 1975.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) Missile GSE has been observed at this launch site garrison since November 1972 with the
identification of a CSS-2 missile transporter. CSS-2 GSE has been observed consistently, as recently as
January 1980.
IC-Jianshui-8
Top Secret RCA-0110007180
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
Top Secret RUFF
UTM COORDINATES
NA
Y NAME COUNTRY
rich Site Garrison 4 CH
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES CATEGORY BE NO. COMIREX NO.
23-24-18N 102-50-58E
May 80
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 4 (Figure 6) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch Group
A. The garrison is approximately 290 kilometers (km) by road from the Kunming SSM RTP and approxi-
mately 45 km from the Jianshui SSM RIM Facility. The launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream
valley and consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a launch pad with a I concrete 25X1
apron extension on two sides. Two propellant access ports are set into the concrete apron extensions near
the cornets of the launch pad. Subsurface propellant lines lead from two of the access ports to propellant
storage caves. The missile loading apron is with a loading azimuth ofF_____7 25X1.1
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage consists of a missile checkout/storage building and an eight-bay and a
five-bay garage. This was the first launch site garrison of this group at which a missile checkout building
was constructed. Underground GSE storage is provided by two propellant storage caves and a probable
drive-through tunnel. The propellant storage caves are 155 meters and 70 meters north of the launch pad.
The probable drive-through tunnel is approximately 180 meters north of the launch pad. Narrow-gauge
rails on a concrete apron extend from one entrance of the probable drive-through tunnel. The entrances to
the tunnel are 145 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A POL storage bunker has been constructed approximately 1,000 meters north from the
launch pad, on the launch site garrison access road.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing area is 640 meters north of the launch pad. Launch Site Garrison
4 contains 2,227 square meters of barracks floorspace in 14 barracks for four company-sized units. This
launch site.garrison contains four messhalls and three basketball courts.
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 4 had begun by August 1967. Launch pad construc-
tion was observed during February 1969 and was complete by March 1970. Construction of the under-
ground storage areas continued through early 1972. Between February 1974 and January 1975, the launch
pad extensions, and the loading apron were completed. The missile checkout/storage building, the ga-
rages, and additional housing were added in 1975. No new construction has been started since late 1975.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) Missile GSE has been observed at Launch Site Garrison 4 since November 1972 with the
identification of a CSS-2 missile transporter. CSS-2 GSE has been observed consistently, as recently as
January 1980.
IC-Jianshui-10
Top Secret RCA-0110007180 25X1
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
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Top Secret RUFF
JIANSHUI SSM LAUNCH SITE GARRISONS 5, 6, 7, AND 9
LAUNCH GROUP B
JIANSHUI SSM MISSILE LAUNCH COMPLEX (S)
ABSTRACT
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrisons 5, 6, 7, and 9 are component parts of Launch Group B, Jianshui
SSM Missile Launch Complex. Each launch site garrison contains a housing area, a probable drive-
through tunnel and two propellant storage caves. No subsurface propellant lines connect the single launch
pad to the propellant storage caves in these garrisons. Launch Site Garrison 9 was still under construction
and did yet contain a launch position, unless the launch pad at Jianshui SSM Field Training Position (BE
is considered as part of Launch Site Garrison 9. Construction in Launch Group B began in
1968, and the first of the launch areas was usable in 1972. However, new construction and improvements
have been observed at all of the garrisons through the end of 1977, and work continues at Launch Site
Garrison 9 through June 1980. Major elements of a CSS-1 MRBM launch unit were observed in the launch
group in 1976. Elements of two launch units-one MRBM and one unknown-were identified in late 1979.
CSS-2 GSE was first confirmed in the launch group in August 1980.
INTRODUCTION
2. (S/D) Launch Site Garrisons 5, 6, 7, and 9 are the four type C missile support bases in Launch
Group B, Jianshui SSM Missile Launch Complex. The layout of Launch Group B, which is also designat-
ed Regiment 2, is shown on the facing page (Figure 7). Jianshui SSM Field Training Position may be the
launch position for Launch Site Garrison 9. Launch Group B also contains Jianshui Propellant Storage
Area 2 and the specialized and general support areas of a regiment-level headquarters.
The hardened command post for the regiment headquarters (Jianshui SSM Regiment Headquarters 2, BE
has been identified, but an associated hardened communications facility has not been lo-
cated. The Regiment Headquarters 2 administration building, weather station, motor pool, and most of its
associated housing areas are grouped together in the northeastern most support area.
Analyst's Comments
3. (S/D) In June 1980, there was still no launch pad for Launch Site Garrison 9 within the confines
of the valley where all GSE storage areas are. The possibility is becoming stronger that what presently is
referred to as an SSM Field Training Position is the launch area for this garrison. The distance between
the launch pad at the field training position and the GSE storage area of Launch Site Garrison 9 is about
the same as the distance between the launch pad and GSE storage area at Launch Site Garrison 7. The
SSM Field Training Position is perhaps mistitled in any event. There are no other facilities there except
the launch pad and apron. There is also nothing to distinguish the launch pad as one that is to be used for
training, and no field training exercises have ever been observed at the field position since its construction
in 1978.
4. (S/D) It is unlikely that propellant lines will be constructed at the launch site garrisons in Launch
Group B. Except at Launch Site Garrision 6, the propellant storage caves are too widely separated from
the launch pad. The same may be true for Launch Site Garrison 9, depending on the location of the launch
pad. At Launch Site Garrison 6, both propellant storage caves are separated from the launch pad by a
wide stream, and it would be difficult to construct a hardened propellant line conduit under it.
5. (S/D) Details of the construction and configuration of launch pads, launch pad extensions, and missile
loading aprons are observable on excellent photographic coverage acquired from 1972 through 1975 photogra-
phy of Launch Group B.
7. (S/D) The regiment motor pool area (and apparently Launch Site Garrison 5) has been used by a
MRBM launch unit for training exercises since at least 1976. It is possible that this unit has been based in
these two areas. The motor pool area has been identified as such because of its similarity to the one in
Jianshui Launch Group A. There is a maintenance building with vehicle lift and vehicle stalls too narrow
for most CSS-2 GSE in the motor pool area. However, the vehicle stalls can accommodate CSS-1 GSE,
and the motor pool area contains one drive-in/possibly drive-through building that is 21 meters long and
12 meters wide. The building is large enough to be a missile checkout/storage building, and the motor
pool area should be designated for targeting as a type B missile support base (Launch Complex Garrison).
IC-Jianshui-12
Top Secret RCA-0110007180
25X1
25X1
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Top Secret RUFF
N! _
REGT HQ 2
HARDENED
COMMAND
POST
^ Regiment-Level Support
Area
---- Buried Communications
Cable
Road
TRAINING POSITION I i I
KILOMETERS (APPROX)
FIGURE 7. LAUNCH GROUP B, JIANSHUI SSM MISSILE LAUNCH COMPLEX
IC-Jianshui-13
Top Secret
RCA-01 /0007/80
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
Top Secret RUFF
CATEGORY BE NO. COMIREX NO.
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 5 (Figure 8) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch Group
B. The garrison is approximately 190 kilometers (km) by road from the Kunming SSM RTP and approxi-
mately 60 km from the Jianshui SSM RIM Facility. The launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream
valley and consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a
apron extension on two sides. The missile loading apron is
launch pad with a I concrete 25X1
with a loading azimuth of 25X1
25X1
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage consists of a missile checkout/storage building. Underground GSE
storage is provided by two propellant storage caves and a probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant
storage caves are 114 meters northwest and 752 meters south of the launch pad. The probable drive-
through tunnel is approximately 105 meters west of the launch pad. Narrow-gauge rails do not extend
from the entrances of the probable drive-through tunnel. The entrances to the tunnel are 256 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A POL storage bunker has been constructed approximately 800 meters south of the launch
pad, on the site garrison access road.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing areas are across the stream from the launch area and also near
the southern propellant storage adit. Launch Site Garrison 5 contains 719 square meters of barracks
floorspace in five buildings for one company-sized unit. There are one messhall and one basketball court.
A possible family quarters building was also observed.
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 5 began between January and December 1968. The
launch pad was constructed in January and February 1972. By late 1972, construction within the caves was
complete, and the garrison was usable; however, only the probable drive-through tunnel and one pro-
pellant storage cave had been built. No changes were seen until late 1974 when work was started on a
permanent housing area. In 1975, a second propellant storage cave and POL storage bunker were under
construction. The extensions to the launch pad and the missile loading apron were constructed in April/-
May 1975. By November, a missile checkout/storage building and the new housing area were completed.
Work on the second propellant storage cave was complete in 1976. Work to complete the POL storage
area continued through 1977, and all the buildings used to house the workers were removed in early 1978.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) The launch pad was usable for contingency missile operations in mid-1972. Missile GSE
was first observed in September 1976 with the identification of a CSS-1 system-related A-frame crane. A
CSS-1 transporter-erector was observed at that time in a nearby support area of Regiment 2. CSS-1 GSE
was also observed throughout 1977-in April, August, and November. The small number of vehicles seen
in 1978 and 1979 could not be related to a specific missile system, but in February and March 1980, CSS-l-
associated GSE was again confirmed at the garrison.
IC-Jianshui-14
Top Secret RCA-01/0007/80 25X1
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Top Secret RUFF
UTM COORDINATES
NA
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
23-52-42N 102-41-31E
launch pad with a
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 6 (Figure 9) is one of the launch site garrisons in Launch Group B.
The garrison is approximately 190 kilometers (km) by road from the Kunming SSM RTP and approxi-
mately 60 km from the Jianshui SSM RIM Facility. The launch site garrison is in a steep-walled stream
valley and consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a
apron extensions on two sides. The missile loading apron is
170 degrees.
GSE Storage Areas
with a loading azimuth of 25X1
3. (S/D) This launch site garrison contains no surface GSE storage. Underground GSE storage is
provided by two propellant storage caves' and a probable drive-through tunnel. The propellant storage
caves are 130 meters north and 100 meters southwest of the launch pad. The probable drive-through
tunnel is approximately 900 meters northeast of the launch pad. Narrow-gauge rails do not extend from
the entrances of the probable drive-through tunnel. The entrances to the tunnel are 212 meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) No POL storage bunker has been constructed.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing area is on a hillside above the launch area and consists of a two-
story, dormitory-style barracks. Launch Site Garrison 6 contains 545 square meters of barracks floorspace
which is enough space for one company-sized unit. There are one messhall and one basketball court
serving the unit. A volleyball court has also been constructed. A possible family housing building is on the
garrison access road just inside the security gate.
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 6 began between January and December 1968. Cave
and tunnel construction continued sporadically through 1972. The launch pad was constructed between
July and November 1972. A security gate was observed shortly thereafter, and few changes occurred until
1975. Between May and October, the launch pad extensions and missile loading apron were constructed.
The permanent housing area was built between March and September 1976. Work to complete the cave
and tunnel headworks and blast doors was observed from 1975 through early 1977. All housing for
construction workers had all been removed by March 1977, and no new construction has been observed.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) The launch pad has been usable since late 1972, and a security gate has been present since
that time. However, construction workers were at the garrison almost continuously through March 1977.
Vehicles, mostly cargo trucks, were observed on numerous occasions, but no missile GSE was confirmed
until December 1979. At that time, 11 single-axle trailers of the type associated with a CSS-1 launch unit
were parked in the launch area.
IC-Jianshui-16
Top Secret RCA-01/0007/80 25X1
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Top Secret RUFF
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
23-53-57N 102-43-02E
CATEGORY BE NO. COMIREX NO.
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 7 (Figure 10) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch
Group B. The garrison is approximately 190 kilometers (km) by road from the Kunming SSM RTP and
approximately 70 km from the Jianshui SSM RIM Facility. The launch site garrison extends 3 km through
a steep-walled stream valley and consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing
areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a
apron extensions on two sites. The missile loading apron is
GSE Storage Areas
launch pad with a I concrete 25X1
with a loading azimuth of 25X1
25X1
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage consists of one four-bay garage in the housing area. Underground
GSE storage is provided by two propellant storage caves and a probable drive-through tunnel. The
propellant storage caves are 200 meters west and 2.8 km east of the launch pad. The probable drive-
through tunnel is approximately 2.6 km east of the launch pad. Narrow-gauge rails on a concrete apron
extend from both entrances of the probable drive-through tunnel. The entrances to the tunnel are 142
meters apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A possible POL storage bunker is on the south side of the access road, between the housing
area and the probable drive-through tunnel.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing area is 3 km east of the launch pad. Launch Site Garrison 7
contains 1,185 square meters of floorspace in two multistory barracks for two company-sized units. The
garrison contains two messhalls, one for each unit. A basketball court, a volleyball court, and a badmin-
ton court were in the housing area. Two support buildings, one with an unusual three-story tower section,
are next to the probable drive-through tunnel.
6. (S/D) Construction of Launch Site Garrison 7 had begun by December 1968. Construction of the
launch pad was in progress by March 1973. The launch pad extensions and missile loading apron were
completed between August 1974 and April 1975. The construction workers support and housing buildings
that were used during construction of the pad extensions, the missile loading apron, and the second
propellant storage cave were removed from the launch pad area in December 1976. The multistory bar-
racks were built between November 1975 and September 1977. Construction of the underground GSE
storage areas was also completed in late 1977.
7. (S/D) The launch pad has been usable since mid-1973; however, the earthen apron around the
pad was not leveled and usable until April 1975. A security gate had been erected west of the launch pad
between March 1976 and January 1977.
8. (S/D) An A-frame crane, associated with the CSS-1 missile system, was identified in March 1976 and a
small-chassis van truck was observed in September 1976. GSE was not observed again until 1979, on 23
October, when a three-vehicle, probable communications unit was set up in an operating configuration. A truck-
mounted crane was also observed during late 1979. The equipment observed in 1979 is used with both the CSS-1
and CSS-2 missile systems.
IC-Jianshui-18
Top Secret RCA-0110007180 25X1
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Top Secret RUFF
UTM COORDINATES
NA
unch Site Garrison 9 1 CH
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
23-55-21N 102-34-56E
CATEGORY BE NO. COMIREX NO.
SAC. USATC, Series 200, Sheet 0616-02, scale 1:200,000
Aug 80
I. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 9 (Figure II), a new facility in Launch Group B, was still under
construction. The garrison is approximately 190 kilometers (km) by road from Kunming SSM RTP and
approximately 90 km by road from the Jianshui SSM RIM Facility. The probable launch site garrison is in
a steep-walled valley and consists of a GSE storage area and barracks and housing areas.
2. (S/D) Neither a launch pad nor a launch area has been identified within the secured valley that
contains other areas of the probable launch site garrison. Jianshui SSM Field Training Position (BE
between that launch pad and the GSE storage area is shorter than between the same areas of Launch Site
Garrison 7.
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) As of August 1980, a four-hay garage in the barracks and housing area was the only surface
GSE storage building that had been constructed. Underground GSE storage is provided by a probable
drive-through tunnel and two propellant storage caves. The propellant caves are 450 meters north and 360
meters north-northwest of the barracks area. Each propellant storage cave, however, has two drive-in
entrances-one larger than the other and both protected by clamshell-shaped blast doors. It is likely that
the propellant tanks have been stored in one area of the cave while the corresponding vehicle complement
is stored in another area. Separate entrances have been constructed into both areas of the propellant
storage cave. The configuration shown in Figure II is tentative and must be qualified, but it is not unlike
the configuration of some of the large, separate propellant storage facilities in other launch groups.
Propellant tanks were observed outside one of the propellant storage caves at Launch Site Garrison 9
during May 1979. The probable drive-through tunnel is approximately 800 meters north of the barracks
area. Narrow-gauge rails extend from both entrances of the tunnel. The tunnel entrances are 140 meters
apart.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A probable POL storage bunker or cave is 40 meters north of the housing area. There are
two entrances to underground chambers in the POL storage area and a wall-secured courtyard in front of
them. A pumphouse is directly in front on one entrance, and a possible loading dock is in front of the
other entrance. A gravity-feed loading area is on a higher elevation to the east, and a dispenser is on a
lower elevation to the west. Because the facility is outside the security gate of the garrison, probably too
near the housing area, it is unlikely that this facility is used to store propellants or nuclear material.
Barracks and Housing Areas
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing area is along the garrison access road but outside the security
gate. Launch Site Garrison 9 contains 1,209 square meters of floorspace in two multistory, dormitory-style
barracks for two units. There are two messhalls, but only one basketball court has been construct-d.
6. (S/D) Work on the garrison was still underway in August 1980, but approximately one-third of
the construction support buildings had been removed. Construction began between January 1975 and
December 1976. A very large amount of work occurred during the gap in photographic coverage between
1976 and 1978. Excavation of all of the caves was complete by the end of 1978, and blast doors and
headworks at the cave entrances were constructed in 1979. The probable POL storage area and the housing
area were complete by November 1979. As of August 1980, all the caves have been completed and
camouflage covers and nets have been installed over all the entrances. Except for the construction of a
launch area, all work appeared to be complete. If SSM Training Launch Site I is the launch area for the
garrison, it was constructed between February and November 1978 and is also complete.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) CSS-2 missile GSE was observed at the garrison in August 1980.
IC-Jianshui-20
Top Secret
RCA-0110007180 25X1
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Top Secret RUFF
LIUQINGKOU SSM LAUNCH COMPLEX (S)
1. (S/D) The Liuqingkou SSM Launch Complex (Figure 1) is in the Lanzhou Military Region in
north-central China. Most of the complex is west of and within 21 kilometers (km) of the town of Qilian.
The village of Liuqingkou is immediately northwest of Qilian. The complex is in the Qilian Shan (Moun-
tains), an area of very high elevation. Some of the mountain peaks in the area are over 4,570 meters high.
The launch site garrisons are situated in mountain valleys above 3,000 meters in elevation. An improved
road network serves most areas within the complex. The closest rail-to-road transfer point (RTP),
Liuqingkou RTP is 100 km by road south of the complex. A second possible RTP 25X1
(Liuqingkou RTP, is in the town of Shandan, approximately 180 by road to the north-
east. Other SSM-related installations in the region include the CSS-3 roll-out-to-launch sites at Delingha
and Daqaidam and the field garrison at Datong.
2. (S/D) The complex currently consists of one launch grou of four launch site garrisons, two field
training positions (Liuqingkou Field Training Positions, and BE a launch 25X1
complex garrison (Liuqingkou Launch Complex Garrison, and a command post/bunker 25X1
facility (Liuqingkou Command Post/Bunker Facility, There may be related installations 25X1
in the town of Qilian.
3. (S/D) Construction of the four launch site garrisons began between March 1968 and November
1970. All the launch areas were usable by the end of 1970. The garrisons were essentially complete by June
1975 but have been improved since then. An intersite communications cable trench linking major installa-
tions within the complex was observed in mid-1973. Communications cable trenches linking most of the
underground storage facilities within each launch site garrison were constructed in mid-1978. In mid-1980,
construction workers were still working within one launch site garrison and in two support areas.
LUIQINGKOU
SSM LAUNCH
COMPLEX
SHANDAN
POSS RTP
o, MINLUD SS
POSS
RTP
DATONG SSM
FIGURE 1. LIUQINGKOU SSM LAUNCH COMPLEX, CHINA
IC-Liuqingkou-1
Top Secret
Road
Railroad
? Launch Complex Garrison
A Launch Site Garrison
NPIC T-014 t
RCA-0110007180
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Top Secret RUFF
LIUQINGKOU SSM LAUNCH SITE GARRISONS 1, 2, 3, AND 4
LAUNCH GROUP A
LIUQINGKOU SSM LAUNCH COMPLEX (S)
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrisons 1, 2, 3, and 4 are component parts of Launch Group A, the only
launch group of Liuqingkou SSM Launch Complex. Each launch site garrison is in a mountain valley and
consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing areas. Each launch area contains
a launch pad and a missile loading apron. No subsurface propellant lines connect the launch pad and the
two propellant storage caves at each garrison. The large probable drive-through tunnel structure for
underground missile and GSE storage is not present at these garrisons. Instead, six to nine caves that are
protected by blast doors have been substituted and probably provide a similar amount of underground
storage space as a tunnel. Missile GSE has not been observed in these four garrisons; however, CSS-2
IRBM equipment has been identified in the associated launch complex garrison since October 1976.
2. (S/D) Launch Site Garrisons 1, 2, 3, and 4 are the four type C missile support bases in Launch
Group A, Liuqingkou SSM Launch Complex. The layout of Launch Group A, which is also designated
Regiment l of this complex, is shown on the facing page (Figure 2). In addition to the four launch site
garrisons, Launch Group A includes Liuqingkou SSM Launch Complex Garrison a 25X1
type B missile support base, and the specialized and general support areas of a regiment-level headquar-
ters. A hardened command post for Regiment 1 (Liuqingkou Cave Storage Area, is 25X1
centrally located among the four launch site garrisons. A hardened communications facility (Liuqingkou
Hardened Communications Facility, in two separate valleys is 5 kilometers south of the 25X1
command post. The Liuqingkou Propellant Storage Area is next to the hardened 25X1
communications facility. There are also two field positions-one on the west edge of the launch group area
(Liuqingkou Field Training Position 1, and one on the east edge (Liuqingkou Field 25X1
Training Position 2, not shown on graphic) that have been designated to as training25X1
positions. However, no training or indications of training have been observed at either position. These
may be alternate missile firing positions (type I) and still intended for use during hostilities.
Analyst's Comments
3. (S/D) The launch areas of Launch Site Garrisons I and 2 and Field Position I were prepared for
contingency missile firings in 1969 during tensions with the USSR. Trenches were bulldozed, covered with
a framework supporting an earthen cover, and heavily camouflaged. These GSE shelters were constructed
at both Launch Site Garrisons I and 2. The total length of the shelters at each garrison was about 200
meters. These shelters provided space for the GSE of one complete missile launch unit with refire capabil-
ity or the major elements of two launch units.
4. (S/D) Six to nine caves with blast doors have been used instead of the probable drive-through
tunnel seen at most type C missile support bases. The caves, some of which are quite large judging from
the size of the spoil pile, offer the same or better amount of space and protection as provided in the more
commonly observed drive-through tunnel.
5. (S/D) With the exception of one or two vans, GSE has yet to be observed at any of the launch site
garrisons. On the other hand, elements of from two to four CSS-2 launch units have been observed at the nearby
complex garrison where there is no building space to store the GSE under cover. It is possible to move and store
GSE in the underground storage areas without detection, particularly if movement is accomplished at night.
6. (S/D) The buried cable network between elements of the launch group was constructed from 1973
through 1975. Because of the lack of vegetation and tree cover at this complex, excellent photography was
acquired of the buried cable communications network and the two hardened antennas. More importantly,
the buried cable communications network under construction in each launch site garrison was imaged in
1978 and found to be much more extensive than that observed at other launch site garrisons. Virtually
every cave and bunker was connected. This pattern of a complete hardened communications connection
between all elements of the launch site garrison and the hardened regiment headquarters command post
probably is similar at all complexes. However, because of the short time necessary to lay the buried cable,
the increased vegetation, and the faster growth of vegetation over trenches at other complexes, this
prevented detection of many parts of the buried communications network.
IC-Liuqingkou-2
Top Secret RCA-0I/0007/80 25X1
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Top Secret RUFF
REGT HO 1 HARDENED
COMMUNICATIONS FACILITY
LAUNCH SITE
GARRISON 3
[] Regiment-Level
Support Area
---- Buried Communications
Cable
Road
LAUNCH
GARRISON 1
FIGURE 2. LAUNCH GROUP A. LIUOINGKOU SSM LAUNCH COMPLEX
IC-Liuqingkou-3
Top Secret
RCA-01/0007/80 25X1
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Top Secret RUFF
Liuqingkou SSM Launch Site Garrison 1
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
38-10-06N 100-00-06E
Location
BASIC DESCRIPTION
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 1 (Figure 3) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch Group A,
Liuqingkou SSM Launch Complex. The garrison is 28 kilometers by road west-southwest of Liuqingkou. The
launch site garrison is in a forested stream valley and consists of a launch area, a GSE area, a temporary
construction support area, and barracks and housing areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains a
loading apron is
GSE Storage Areas
launch pad and a missile loading apron. The missile 25X1
with a loading azimuth of
No subsurface propellant lines have
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage is provided by a six-bay garage in the barracks and housing area. Under-
ground GSE storage is provided by two propellant storage caves and nine caves with clamshell doors. There are
also two drive-in bunkers, apparently without blast doors. The propellant storage caves are 213 meters west and
700 meters east of the launch pad. Nine GSE storage caves are across a stream from the launch pad. One of the
caves, 710 meters west of the launch pad, has rail guides extending 29 meters from the entrance.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A POL storage bunker is approximately 200 meters southeast of the housing/support area near
the security gate at the entrance into the launch site garrison.
Barracks and Housing Area
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing area is along the site access road. Launch Site Garrison I contains
2,131 square meters of floorspace in 16 barracks supporting four company-sized units. There are four messhalls
and two basketball courts. Eight temporary construction support structures were 250 meters east of the launch
pad.
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of this launch site garrison began between March 1968 and May 1969. The launch
pad was observed complete by November 1970 and had probably been completed in May 1969. Temporary
drive-through GSE storage shelters, initially constructed in the late 1960s, had been dismantled by May 1974.
The missile loading apron was probably constructed in mid-1974 but was not observed clearly until early 1975.
In July 1978, the GSE storage caves were connected by buried communications cable. The original construction
support structures were dismantled in 1975. Housing for construction workers and support buildings were again
erected in 1976 and 1977 to support new cave construction. As of July 1980, the date of the latest imagery used
for this report, the caves were almost complete. The barracks and housing area was expanded gradually from a
one company-sized area in 1970 to four company-sized areas in late 1975.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) No SSM GSE has been observed at Launch Site Garrison 1. Small numbers of cargo trucks have
been observed on numerous occasions. The launch area and temporary GSE storage structures were constructed
in 1969. The launch area has probably been usable for missile launch firings since early 1969.
IC-Liuqingkou-4
Top Secret RCA-01/0007/80 25X1
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Top Secret RUFF
Liuqingkou SSM Launch Site Garrison 2 1 CH
DMACC. USATC, Series 200, Sheet 0332-14, scale 1:200,000
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 2 (Figure 4) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch Group A,
Liuqingkou SSM Launch Complex. The garrison is 20 kilometers by road west-northwest of Liuqingkou. The
launch site garrison is in a barren valley and consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and
housing areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains an
meters with a loading azimuth ofF
launch pad. The missile loading apron is I 125X1
No subsurface propellant lines have been constructed.
GSE Storage Areas
3. (S/D) Surface GSE storage is provided by a six-bay garage in the housing area. Subsurface GSE
storage is provided by two propellant storage caves and six other GSE storage caves, all with clamshell blast
doors. There are also three drive-in bunkers without clamshell blast doors.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A POL storage bunker is 244 meters southwest of the housing area.
Barracks and Housing Area
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing area is along the site access road. Launch Site Garrison 2 contains
2,056 square meters of floorspace in 16 barracks supporting four company-sized units. There are four messhalls
and one basketball court.
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of this launch site garrison began between March and August 1968. The launch
pad was probably already complete in November 1970. Temporary GSE storage bunkers had also been con-
structed in 1969/70. The missile loading apron was probably constructed in mid-1974. Except for one cave, most
of the underground GSE storage areas were complete in May 1974. Although many of the temporary construc-
tion support structures had been removed in 1972, they were all dismantled by late 1976. In July 1978, an
intrasite buried communications cable system was installed between all the underground GSE storage areas.
During January and February 1979, personnel were observed in and near the housing area with a high count of
285 people in late January. The barracks and housing area was expanded gradually, from one company area in
1970 to four company-sized areas by the end of 1975.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) The launch area was usable for contingency missile launch firings, and temporary GSE storage
bunkers were constructed in the May 1969-November 1970 interval in photographic coverage. A cab-over-
engine van truck, possibly associated with the CSS-2 missile system, was observed at Launch Site Garrison 2 on
No other missile or missile-related equipment has been observed.
IC-Liuqingkou-6
Top Secret RCA-011000718o 25X1
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Top Secret RUFF
Liuqingkou SSM
UTM COORDINATES
NA
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
38-05-09N 100-10-42E
CATEGORY BE NO. COMIREX NO.
BASIC DESCRIPTION
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 3 (Figure 5) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch Group A,
Liuqingkou SSM Launch Complex. The garrison is 16 kilometers by road south-southwest of Liuqingkou. This
launch site garrison is in a sparsely wooded stream valley and consists of a launch area, GSE storage area, and
barracks and housing areas.
Launch Area
2. (S/D) The launch area contains al (launch pad and a missile loading apron. The missile 25X1
loading apron is with a loading azimuth of 90 degrees. No subsurface propellant lines have25X1
been constructed.
GSE Storage Area
3. (S/D) No surface GSE storage buildings are present at this garrison. Subsurface GSE storage consists
of ten caves with clamshell doors, two caves have an adjacent vented earth-mounded structure. There are also
two drive-in bunkers, apparently without blast doors. The caves which are for propellant storage have not been
identified at this garrison; however, the three caves west of the launch area probably serve that function.
Propellant storage tanks were observed in that area of the garrison.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A POL storage bunker is 91 meters west of the housing area.
Barracks and Housing Area
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing area is along the site access road. Launch Site Garrison 3 contains 518
square meters of floorspace in four barracks supporting one company-sized unit. There are a messhall and a
basketball court.
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of this launch site garrison began between December 1969 and November 1970.
The launch pad was complete by November 1970. The missile loading apron was constructed in mid-1974. Cave
construction was complete, and all of the construction support structures had been removed by January 1975. In
July 1978, the GSE storage caves were connected by a buried communications cable. Otherwise, there have been
few changes observed since 1975.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) No missile or missile-related equipment has been observed at Launch Site Garrison 3. Small
numbers of cargo trucks have been observed on several occasions. The launch area was usable for contingency
missile launch firings in 1970.
IC-Liuqingkou-8
Top Secret RCA-011000718o 25X1
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Top Secret RUFF
Liuqingkou SSM
UTM COORDINATES
NA
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
38-13-48N 100-15-48E
CATEGORY BE NO. COMIREX NO.
1. (S/D) Launch Site Garrison 4 (Figure 6) is one of the four launch site garrisons in Launch Group A,
Liuqingkou SSM Launch Complex. The garrison is 6 kilometers by road northeast of Liuqingkou. The launch
site garrison is in a stream valley and consists of a launch area, a GSE storage area, and barracks and housing
areas.
2. (S/D) The launch area contains al (launch pad and missile loading apron. The missile
loading apron is
GSE Storage
with a loading azimuth of
No subsurface propellant lines have
3. (S/D) The launch site garrison does not contain surface GSE storage. Subsurface GSE storage consists
of eight caves with clamshell blast doors. There is also one drive-in bunker or cave, apparently without blast
doors. One cave, 1,050 meters northeast of the launch pad, has rail guides extending from the cave
entrance. The caves which are for propellant storage could not be identified; however, they are probably among
the four which are south of the launch area.
Other Storage
4. (S/D) A POL storage bunker is approximately 2,125 meters southwest of the launch pad.
Barracks and Housing Area
5. (S/D) The barracks and housing area consists of only one barracks with a kitchen section, a small
storage building, and a basketball court. Other housing space is probably provided at the SSM Complex
Garrison
Construction Status
6. (S/D) Construction of this launch site garrison began between December 1969 and November 1970.
The launch pad was probably complete in early 1970. Most of the GSE storage caves were complete by January
1975. The missile loading apron was constructed in May 1975. In June 1978, most of the GSE storage caves
were connected by a buried communications cable. The construction support structures had been dismantled by
early 1977.
Missile System Association and Activity
7. (S/D) Security had already been established when the garrison was first seen on medium-resolution
imagery. No missile or missile-related equipment has been observed. The launch area was usable for contingency
missile launch firings in 1970.
25X1
25X1
IC-Liuqingkou-10
Top Secret RCA-0110007180 25X1
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/10: CIA-RDP81T00034R000100450001-7