(SANITIZED)TRANS-SIBERIAN RAILROAD(SANITIZED)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP81-01043R003300010010-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 50
• Document Creation Date: December 23, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 5, 2014
• Sequence Number: 10
• Publication Date: March 24, 1959
• Content Type: REPORT

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s?
4*.
INFORMATION REPORT INFORMATION REPORT
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title
18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
S-E-C-R-E-T 50X1 -HUM
COUNTRY
SUBJECT
DATE OF
INFO.
PLACE &
DATE ACQ.
USSR
Railroad
Trans-Siberian
REPORT
DATE DISTR. 24 March 1959
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NO. PAGES 1
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SOURCF FVAIIIATIONS ARF rIFFINITIVF APPRAKAI rnkarkrr lc TcmTATivc
Trans-Siberisn Railrnaa
Installations, rolling stock,
electrification, block signals, and the movement of engines on the Trans-
Siberian Railroad System are discussed. 50X1 -HUM
Distribution of Attahhments:
ARMY: Retention
ORB: Loan
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S-E-C-R-R-T
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STATE
ARMY
NAVY
Al R
FBI
AEC
ORR/Ev
(Note: Washington distribution indicated by "X"; Field distribution by "#".)
INFORMATION REPORT INFORMATION REPORT
^
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HE TRAMS-SIBERIAN RAILROAD-
TABU OF COMM,
Yawata
&usury
-rem:
I. Implanation,of the .taleral Conditipns of.ttis, Ream-Siberian Railroad
L'77-An.r/474. DM lIttakj ?Di-e04Arr .44e? 1171/40i4/291vieMANIorri /allow rv C47/66,41
II. Railroad Installations
A, Railroad Tracks
B. Signal Installations, Particularly Automatic Block ?ignale
C. Types of Rails and Road beds
D. Station Installations
E. Guarding of Railroad Installations
F. Nay Railroad Installations and Additions
G. Other Data
General Information on
III.fikaseaspmft Branch Lines
IT. Rolling Stock
A. 1.3colotives
B. Freight and Passenger Cars
CO Freight Car Dwellings
VO General Information on Transport
A, Fright Transport
B. Special Transport (Military Transports etc)
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Sketches
Pig 1. Triple-Track Section in the Vicinity of Kisha7Gorkhon
Fig 2. Electrified &labia= of the Trans-Siberian Railroad
Fig 3. Sections of the Trans-Siberian Railroad With Autorsatic
Block Signals
RigIsa Guarding ofaiRaillarBridga
-? 4 tt?
-
Fig 5. Movement a Various Types of Steam Locomotives on the
? Trans-Siberian Railroad
?
r
,:htr
h,d3:1*,1.
I
3
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FORWARD
This book is a compilation of information +rang railroad on
the Trans-Siberian Railroad (between Nakhodka and Moscow). The
Present condition of the Isens-Siberian Railroad is discussed chiefly,
and fftel the standpoint ofz (1) How 50X1-HUM
the Sixth Five-rear Plan being fulfilled in the find of railroad?
(2) What are the postwar changes?
are tlAj_40LIOYA..)
The followingaRRUftimmnrimAmMWalAmfekk observation (scheduled):
?
Postwar changes, parOicularly, p inca7eass,In the transport ?
and
capasity,,including automation of signal initallations; electrification;
double tracking; conditions of roaGed:sand types of rails used;
types and number of locomotives used, particularly, heavy, electric,
and diesel kcomotiv.es.
2. The extent of fulfillment of the railroad Construction plan
in the Sixth Five-Year Plan, partioularlY, construction of new lines,
eledtrification, and double*tracking project/a.
3. Railroad transport, particularly-, freight transpogVgicluding
train traffic in various sections, flow of, eistrbound and wes4ound
freight, military-transport, and mass transport of labortiorcu.
40 SinkSovie;tR6innecting,14ilroads (Anditiona near junction
stations).
S. Guarding of inportant installation!),
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( I. SUMMARY 2
Postwar domestic and foreign affairs of the USSR, particularly
those of recent years, appear to lav increased the economic and
e.m.
military value of the Trans.ftSiberian Railroad. The Railr-nA v.t 50X1-HUM
from Vladivostok to HesApw, a distance of 9,302 kilometers,
and about 8 percent of the total length of the Soviet
railroads (about 121,000 kilometers).
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Travel information on the Railrodd is as follows (figures in
parent4es are those for this particular trip)s
:-.(11me required -- 8 days plus (902 days)
Average daily travel -- about 1,160 kilometers (about 1,030
kilometers)
Average aped per hour
414.
about 48 kilometers (about 0 kilo-
meters)
Number of stops -- 151 stations (.96 stations, scheduled)
4y.s4mt
The Railroad MeddeistratIvir-Burestree nu4r ten on the Trane-Siberian
Railroad as follows: Far Eastern, Amur, Zabaykal, East Siberian,
Gor'A.111
Krasnoyarek,(0iiia191112.1Svardlovsk, 00001*, and Northern. The
total number of railroad administrative bureaus in the USSR in 45.
former
The/Naritime Railroad in the Far Eastern Vegion has been abolishee
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(!)
&-- A. General Characteristics
ir
10 Wartime Statue
In addition to railroad egployes being under a nilitary
.system? guards are stationed in important railway inetallations,
CI: such ae tunnels, bridges, and stations. The strength of the guards,
however, is less than that of prewar days. In some plasee? such as
0 ' Wen
the Amur Bridge in Eleharovkkdarmy unite (antiaricmfb and radar)
are stationed? Station yards are illuminated at Might for better
protection, And the understa-ding of air defense is prozoted mmong
the railroad employes? Such operations give the impressien that
lacome-s-rcocrn is placed on the defense of railroads*
2.:711i Freight-First Policy
The figures orithe movement of passenger and freight
trete L.
earn iadicate that passenger traffic is kept at bare minimum making
domestic travel- by the Lioviet$ quite difficat. The freight-first
policy in railroad transport is cloaaly satiated to the heavy industry -
first policy in the Soviet ecomagr. This pollify is necessary outer
the Soviet stveg med has sidodommistaisi remained unchanged for years.
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-7.--
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B. Important Postwar Changes
strengthening of
The greatest poatwar change' in the inaresseaden the transport
capa;ity. The mmvautomation of signal installations up to the
vicinity of Chita, is of particular aignificance0
sj 10 Eastward Advance of Automatic Signal Distriate
Before the wars, automatic signala were in operation only
to the vicinity of Novcaibirsk4 but at preaant, etch installations
have been extended to Karymakaya (junction of the Minchauli Line),
which is 3,000 miles ? Novosibirsk* The installation of automatic
aignals baa increased the transport capacity (track capacity) to
this
several times that of prewar level. Since t&m: region not only ambraceo
-
areas vital to the development of Siberia, but since tito4=-Ch1na
connecting railroads have been completed in this region, the automation
must
of signal installations be considered to have great economic
and military effect.
t12. Evidence of Heavy Rail in the Soviet Fir East
xikanaelmaksalattszkix In the Soviet Far Fists formerly
the 38-4cilogram rail was mainly used, but at Present, 43-kilogram
and 50-kilogram rails are in definite it has not been ascertained,
however, whether or not they are in use throughout the It Far
Hist area.
630 Increase in Electrification and Double-Tracking
The*trification of the Slaniqyanka-Irkutsk section near
Lake Baykal,' following the electrification of the important trunk line
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between Novosibirsk and Omsk, must have a special sign:licence. (14,:tr
A new line has been constructed between Slywdyanka and Irkutek,
separately from the former main line of therTifrz oSterian Railroad.
r
A grbater part of this amma section in nov.thseigadeie electrified line.)
40 Other Data
The connecting ralroadbctwaen the USSR and China have
begun their operations.
The decrease in the nunber of locomotives needing repair
seen near engine--louses in stations as compared with prewar dere
indicate the increased repalring capacity (including increase in
construction of.engini)oustes0)
Most of the roadbeds do not differ greatly from prewar dere,
and are are of sand nixed with pebbles. Thecilinance work, however,
is in evidence everywhere*
The installation of automatic coupling on freight cars has
been completed*
C. Oki Plafillment of Railroad
tliattabLaixfal
JO :rime
electrification and double-tracking of the trunk line
and the construction of branch lines can be considered to be progressing
according to the schedule of the Sixth.pive-Year Plan, but the
rate of construction does not appear to be too great.
St,)l. Construction Rate of Railroad Installations
777 Mechanised construction is being done in only in one
part* (Examples Construction work near Kirov is mechanised.)
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section
The elecetettixalebta already electrified amounts to only 10 percent
of the entire line, and the complete electrification of the entire
Trans-Siberian Railroad appear e to be a thing of distant future.
7 2. Construction of Electric and Diesel Locomotives
the production 50X1-HUM
of electric and diesel engines, particularly the lattee is not
progressing according to schedule. lute The Sixth Five-Year
Plan calls for 2,000 electric engines and 2,250 diesel engines,
but diesel engines are hardly seen on the railroad?
?lank earl
3. Installation of PipirXines and Decrease In tmmUmr Traffic
Pipelinee are being installed at eeveral places between
Irkutsk and Omek. The completion of these operations is expected
of
to decrease the traffic ie tank cars. Already, the tank car traffic
appears to have deceseased sozewhat compared to prewar traffic.
4. Existence of Secret Construction
Unannounced construotion (Joe., secret construction) is
included among the railroad construction in progress at prevent.
50 Other Data
Operations to make signal installations eutematic are
not in evidence.
(tj Railroad construction work is in evidence vostly in
Siberia, from Irkutsk to Sverdlovsk, followed by European Rusaia, raft
then
and/the St Far East. The rew&dt Far East, hoover, is not cotpletely
(repairs), '
ignored. Construction work(11-Inrogress in Primorskiy Kray,
nets Keybyshevka, and in the Shilka River basin?
-
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D0 Soviet Political Power As Seen From Railroad Management
the thereughnena of the 50X1 -HUM
Soviet order down to the limiest echelon were seen in the cleaning
operations (fros painting of walls to cleaning of wash roone), and
favorable track-L.) ?
in thece.Kr-laailtanance attict work along the entire lino; and in
the warm relocate extended to the Groupby.Sovist officials at
the 3erie50X1 -HUM
every station, even at night0
'Bass gathered under the oroPprs fro* the Party. The thoroughness
of the orders extending down to the lowest organisations.inUcate
the extent of the Soviet political itrength within the country.
rather
wiiimase this itreth)i tzhex ngeroluoihan erroneous 0
-1.4,4,441.. to
00 4. ?
'1"2:41:1" rt
-
..05,..1-714g-sstik. ? ^ Arffesrt4 ? ? -444-0,4144 44%,:14, *W."'
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/II. RAILROAD DISTALLATIOM ;)
A, Railroad Tracks
A grcater pert of the trunk line of the Trans-Siberian Railroad
is doublectrackl.but single-track sections still exist in parte.
There are also triple-track sections. Although electrification of
the railroad to increase transport capacity has been reported,
sections almutrelectrified are limited to the eectiontaltaxidint3
from Novosibirsk:to west of Welk, and sections near Irkutsk and
Moscow?
10 Single-Track Sections
The Trans-Siberian Railroad still has the following aingle-
track sections, but since there are parallel lineal and loop lines
in these single-track sections, the singie-track sections do not pose
serious problems., . ?
a. ongiv4verdlovsk (Western. Siberia)
Sing1e4rack sections are found here and there in this 900-kkloneter
section which is scheduled for double-Aacking during the Sixth 50X1-HUM
Five-Tear Flan. Double-tracking operations were in progress
but operations did not seem too extensive.
)644..
b4 Nallernich - Buy (EhropeanUMA)
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v143
this 03-,kilemeter section he single
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00 '
track, and there Ss no evidence of double-tracking operations. At
sevemel. places =the lin04,homever, proportions for double-tracking
were seen along the tracks.
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c. Amur Bridge at Khabarovek (Hemeet Far East)
TJ Anur Bridge is still single track, but since
there is an Amur. River bed tunnel on the north side , it can be
considered to be double track. However, since the river bed
tunnel is not normaily used, the bridge actually has only the
capacity of single-track line.
2. Triple-Track Sections
Triple-track sections are found here and there along the
Trans-Siberian Railroad. Triple track neana there is an additional
track along the double track. Its purpose should be considered
to be' the elimination of transport bottleneck rather than the
increase in transport capacity.
a. Oorkhon-Iisha (Zabaykal)
.The section between west of Oorkben and Kish& xo
:rplop track. Its papas objective is, of course, the increase
in :IQ track capacity, Int **since. the Yeblonovyy,liotuztaino crissacroaa
near isktaxamma here, the area is a tz4porb bottleneck frcaL the
standpoint of topography-. This triple-track section was in existence
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fro* before the war, but at present, there is no indication tbat it
will be made into gabeepte quadruple track.
The length
of the triplo-tisck :motion is esbiaitod:Ao be *bolt 20 to 25 kilometers.)
0-
b. Slyadyanka-Xekatek
The soationlactending 320 iciumbecr3 Iron Irkutsk is
electrified triple. track. The twoltiniotzection to alyadyanka is
being electrified and trip4kTtA*okede
'tkikaZac"
A
..4&Vg.WWVW474741"0- "tcd0AVVOKTWti ',09,t2f?liaquur
?
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c. Other Triple-Track Seationa
(2age-track sections which are not as long as
foregoing sectiona are seen along the line.
3* QuataulanAhmdcgentio4 (Slyudyanka-Irkutek)
Since a new electrifiedldouble track has been conetrueteds
the old Trans-Siberian biLread along the lake (via Baykal station)
and the new double track forsiquadruple track. The tracks along
a flu
the lake Ass still in usev. but only freight cars seen to be using
the tracks. (Note: Since a great part of the section is electrified,
triple track, actually it is a five-track section.)
electrified section
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oima llecteified:3449.0BotiMM Sl7u4P1414.,an#,Ykusk II (135 kilometer9)
This is a new electrified lice, reported to have been
completed in the sprini of 19560 The old line, which extended to
Irkutsk via the shofieof Lake Baykal and the Baykal station on the
mouth if the Angara River, is no longer used by passenger trains
. The area along this electrified section is being actively
ele
developed, which as. one of the reasons why a nsw Linea:as built
instead of electrifying the old lake shore.lihe0 Since the new line
shining 0 There are indication! that
use the old 11. ThS
tp,,1
? ? tie?
frau the Irlsatsk:
(776 kilometers)
heavy stress
4
The sersozsi.
'''fhttsk to
asti west
lines cweating
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(Notes A nitt-tbsrnal ntestala power plant constructed in
?Rik around 1956 is implying electric power to the nearby refinery
and to the railroad. )
C. Eleetrifisd Lino' Near Persd.
?
.4111.44,4, i?21
4,
titian n jiei.?
aslant* -ride to
,
?114,1'
C
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d. Vininitf of Moscow tuxlidlonst- 'ors' )
;t6 ? lp .5taij ?
The sectiontiOr friss- the tivrosliw Sfation in Miscov
,
to the next express 4topro Aleksaixirov)is Work is
#44
.7m .
' .
in p groan to =tend 'the 'electrified line wrtlastrd.
.
4.
r:
i
-
411.71.124-41.0411.4114.
, ? "'1:-
4, ?
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?Nt..!?.114,141 1447 '3
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to. ?
J.A,1 ct A
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? - 01',41;
1 ? IA,
1 .
443 ? ,,
? 41'4.
?' ?
eA?
4.1.)
,
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.hays ostablishod tMthitoli,144 black Signals axtomi to oast of
Chita. Ms asistooco of Sittomatic block signals laws an.inportant
in 50X1-HUM
b
, R. Vicinity ,of Mai ?Irkutsk--XraMattyatik"lovosibirsk -
A: ci -Iil ;... e ei,.., ? ,. ., voliiit-.,:74A.,..,v16 -, -: -.,.. ;
vicinity fiebask (3;42Jkl1omitars) ? 44 ,?'? f.
%qv portion ?
4.,;,,
...y.
vordisvsk ilral--f, . ,
1 . .
. rt-ENI.Im-
- ..
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r The total length of the sections with automatic block signals
is about 5,500 kilometers, which is about 60 percent of the total
length of the Trans-Siberia_n_Railroad.
regions
Special characteristics of the various -giVstistas are given
belat. Ch;10,,)
ari. Far FAbt Region Mom vicinity of Chita (ee
east to Vladivostok)
1?U - In the 3,000-aile stretch east, troat Karyaskaya to
Vtadivostok, aut.4ic block signals are inet&Iled only betusan
Ihaberovek I and Khabarovek U statiors.
b. b Sibexi ReEtyn,
AutorAtio bicc,k ei nas'are instaLled in the 3,600-
kilometer section frota near Chita to loutiinzaaya, west of Omsk. Since
the prewar ,stetprnmost edge of the automatic block signal section
the Fourth Fifth Five-Year Plans)_.,,j
vu Nevosibirek, this means that intbe. posv.war years autelEstio
4 ? ? c /
block sioale have been installed in about 3,,M001?lci.lcaste1astkec.(
(liovosibirsk to vicinity of Chita)*
? Karystakaya)?.,s5.--lhe ,easternpet Station in the atatics
d
block seetion, -ihei^ .junation.:tetaiinn or the
?-
branch line, which connects with Pala)
tir.rk.?
? The twocBovist-ChiRsSe committing railrovisprii*sh are the
. t"
Karmacaya-Otpot-Pc49N_.,;w0branchess T .arAttkiy, eist oZ
Karywakva) and the Ulan ijide =, Ulan Bator - Peiping tine. Both swear
to bo one-track line-trith no4autoaatie blokk eignal instaalations.
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????."
11
'''741.4?2site4,404-Itrit6i,wriv0A-va.,..,,-??????? ? t.t?-..
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co thrall-European RUBOU Region (Sverdlovsk - Moscow)
Almost a continuous
azirstricererectranza automatic block signal installation!)
aro found in the 1,819-kilometer section. The section from Sverdlovek
to Pere. to Kirov, however, has more intervals between automatic
block signal installations than other sections? The Koteihich Buy
section Ma kilometers) has automatic block iignals although it is
line
only a sixtgle4rackanz4inz0
20 Signal Installations Within Station Yards
Automatic signal installations are seen in some station yards
even in sections where there are no aualtio block stigma signals, such
as the section fron the vicinity of Chita to Vladivostok?
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3? Other Information
The length of signal poles is
due probably to snow, and fog, and nighttime nee? This seem natural
considering the weather in Siberia?
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.i..a .
1?, halll
heAvy raile9 mostly 11.65, were seen west ?of
Novosibirsk. The uso of R75 is not known.
In the Far Bath region, light rail is still is use, but there
are indications that 50-kilogram rails also are in use.
Reserve rails are supplied slang the line almost according to
regulations. (The relation is to have a suuply of reserve rails every.
kilometer.) Considering from the standpoint of repairs on roadbeds,
reserve rails can be said to be in.gOd'supp370
2. Ties 50X1-HUM
Ties are all treated with preservatives. Untreated ties,
however, were
wag new lines. under construction.
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ci tracks -
pile a along the zmikm like reserve rails but are aseeebled in focal
points, such stations.
A
co Roadbeds (Pebbles and Sand)
Generally speaking, majority of the roadbeds on the
TransaSiberian Railroad are of sand mixadyithpetbles, =ohms*
tamm with no cbange from farmer years. The trains, thus, shake
7/14, roadLetr
Considerably. The conditions worsens as one travels eastward0 floisips
parttaularlIgtbe Semdiet Fir East/
broken stones
?
Pros Novosibirsk to Omsk (627 kilometers), petit= are
used adequately is in the trunk lines of Jepaho *Tbe branch line
f:ramlOnsk to Chelyabinsk appears to be in the same condition, which
50X1 -HUM
indicates the isportawee of *Maths railroad between Novosibirsk and
Chelyabinsk. There are other mations in which broken stones and
pebbles (round river stone') are used, but these are only very abort
sections.*
do Naintemince,of Tracks
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The maintenance of the entire trams4iberian Railroad
can be said to be very good.
a
balf/let cleaner probably is not useful.)
Track-staintenance signalers were seen at comparatively
short intervals between stations along the entire linen (Signalers
held yellow flags and were for the most parts women.)
(*Ws. Since *any rcagleds do not.bave broken stones,
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Both sides of the railroad are not anly kept clean but
small rocks painted white with lime are lined along the rails, in
equal as
almost the sars numer a the ties. In some places, the mall rock
are laid out in the forma a star. This condition is found along
the entire leflgth of the Trans-Siberian Railroad.
7 D. Station Installs. emaium$44na
?
()
? lo &WWII ?
Various installations mig of stations are about the same as
in other countries, and not much changes from Prewar 50X1-HUM
conditions, except in newly constructed sections or newly constructed
stations.
of
Some its the noticeable points ware as follows:
a. Reppiring, Watering, and Coaling Facilities
'lel
The -t1 stations for espreso pasainger trains are
nearly all equipped with enginehouses and other installations.
Locomotives requiring repairs seen near engineheuses numbered 20
the
at the most, which is noticeably smaller thanairewar number.?
b. Mechanisation of Loading Operations
Automobiles with cranes are widely used in the loading
and unloading of freight. .
co Expansion of Stations
Large stations like Kraanoyarek and Novosibirsk have
othr_ ,
been expanded and renovated. Some of the( stations along the route also
are being expanded.
dm.
? ?-vel'efit7,..itt..T4N,','Si;iltidgR,--- '5V '
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Ct:
LI-
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d. Sidings
are
Sidings of principal stations tmkal over 2,000 motern.
The length of sidings appear to be longer than prewar days, but
details are unknown. Stations with many sidings have over 10 sidings.
Even rural stations, such ae Kasn'yevskaya? have as many as 13 sidings.
. Cleanliness of Stations
All stations are kept vdry clean, from the painting of
walls of the stations to washrooms (due probably to sposlabsgem&A
directives and oncera) 7.4? 50e:+-A. 6t1t;rt
2. Conditions of Various Installations
r
a. Main Buildingskf Stations
New postwar additions to main buildings of large principal
stations are noticeable?
b.. Locomotives
Enginshouses are found in almost all the 151 stations
for express passenger trains? Many of the large stations have
more than throe engin/Amass? Locomotives needing repairs found
near enginehouses nmnbar about 20 at the mast. This aeons 'smaller
than prewar author. ?
(Notes Sobs small stations have a number of enginehouses0
? three to fouri
For example, Magdagaohi(Sovi t Far East) has YoltemisoroselsraOretrses,
s e f
Barabinsk (Siberia , and Kungur (Ural) has four to fire enginehouses.
Co Watering and Coaling Facilities
The number of watering and coaling fat ties correspond
to number of enginehouses. There has been no Change in the type of
1,414r-sc.?*
rtr toven.0 Since some of the feeftqrengines have antlInnas, it
is positive that they are directed by radiol&pstly in large stations).
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Tnera is nothing special to rantiona about coal yards.
d. Signal installations in Station Yards
in station yards
Signal installations/are as mentioned in the paragraph
on signal installations.
e. Number and Length of Sidings
location
Tho nubs b of sidings vary with mirstbass, but large
stations generally hsve over 10 sidings. Some smalls rural stations
have the same numberl for example, iteen'yevskeya with 13 and
Magdagaohi with eight-niaW. Detail* on the length of the aidings
ars unknown, but important stations have over 2,000 natera of
sidings.
f. Kigbt Illumination (Illumination of station .yards, not
interiOcof buildings).
of station
Generally speaking, night illumination -s superior
Floodlights are installed on top of angle type poles placiA
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in Firhous parts of the station ;7ard. The poles* higher and lights
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are brighter
due prob#1y to t?ha long nighta in
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placed '
Siberia, as well as to emphasdaAatOmsdingat'#.104;,
g. Freight Stations and Loading and. .1011*ii?g Installations
Passenger station and freight stati6 are separated by
several .kilometers 112l:sig. stations, such as Khabarovsk, Chital
Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, and Novosibiredprbe.. Automdbiles with cranes (normal
capaci 1
.4used in the loading and unloading of freight, particularly
,
in the numerous lumber yard* along the rsilrd.
h. SaIllea Tracks
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needed.
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spur
Shnntimg tracks appear to be laid generously wherever
i. Storage Facilities (Warehouses, oil atoragee depots)
Warehhuses belonging to stations are made mostly of wood.
Many of the oil storages near stations have oil pipes leading from
the stations.
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the
storage installation near Ulan Ude was a la.*.scale ono with spur
tracks,.
J. Platforms
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in Soviet citations, the platforms are of the sane height as the tracks.
The platform of the tarcslau Station in 1440007
wer4latfor011ikans. tg0Pif 50X1-HUM
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(Note: On Soviet railroad, doors to outaide =passenger
cars
Udine are looked when the train is inaction. There ie(tiep about
2 feet high at the doosoihich the passengers use to go in and out of
c. r
the Wolin.)
E; 9uarding.sfRai1.stallations,..
Guards always are atationed at importt station installatione,
tunnels, bridges, etc. throughout the entire Trans-Siberian Railroad,/
as in preuar 4S0 k4iiid guards standing watch day and night at both ends
of bridges present weight psculiaraySoviet. Since these guards
4
are not statiesed-onkr-in border areas, the number of guards required
is estimated to be consider10117,
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1. Guarding Situation
a. Guardang of Steel Bridges and Tunnele
Regardless of border area or interior, important bridges
and tunnele along the Emit entire length of the Railroad are guarded.
There is, of course, a differnce in the strength of guards between
border areas and the interior, and also, simple itsitallatione are not
guarded.
(0- b. Guarding of Stations
Soldiers armed with xxxxis bayonets were on guard at
the Perm? Station II. All important installatiOne of station
were guarded in this manner.
situation
(Note: This/Was not limited to railroads. Other installations
(6i,i guarded.)
2. Strength of Guards
a. Strength of Guards in One Place
latantL,
Takang.gimma-bridge guards ae an example, the strength
of guards, judging from the barracks for the guards and guards on
duty, can be estiazated to be trona squad to a maxilexa ofXasapany.50X1-HUM
RoadwAv
iftwALIbridges were guarded by single sentry
Guarding of the bridge varied, ,of course, with the 505-0-HUM
of the bridge. Some had guards on both: ends, while others had
ag="1"114-441P
Antiaircraft and radar units are stationed hoar the
Amur Bridge in Khabaroveka but this mnst be an exception.
Weinons
alaaraaaaratlail?.a,saltaVsta4Waisstar
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Cruards zarry aut.omatic z;fles or ordinary rifles. La=g,
bridges are equipped with floodlights for night illumihation.
c. Uniforms of the Guards
In addition to railway guards, ordinary persons (in
civilian clothes) are assigned to guarding the railroad installations.
The hat band of the railway guard (in uniform) was green (same as
that of the border guards.) The railway guar* from the nature of
their duty, probably belong to the boralr guards.
d. Decrease in Strength Since War
Judging from the empty. guards' barracks scattered here
and there in the case of railway guards, the total strength of
guards definitely is smaller than prewar strength.
Railroad
Nov eaddiddifteziallustallatIons 00.41.., A 446W '24-
' (Note: This'aection concerns construction on the trunk line
track
of the Trans.Siberian /Warped, but exandiss*inteuance work
and the branch railroad
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Presentw
The following construction work is/in progress along the 50X1-HUM
Trans-Siberian Railroad. (In the S;;;;D Far East region, east of Chita,
im during
some sections were passed through &rim the tight both ways.
Condition in such soctiens are unknown
1. Double-tracking work. (from single track to double track)
2, Electrification work (construction 6f substations, transmission
line, overhead wire, eto)
Triple-tracking and Quatrup1e4racking
3. Thiressippeeiraltarmitt-itYclaziteseksidgentrk (in parts*
ho Construction add extension of eidings in stations
)-1
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5. New construction or tepair work on bridges
6. New construction of and addition to stations and attached
installations
koong these construction work, double tracking and electrification
were the largest-scale projects. Work to make signal installations
automatic was not seen.
Construction work in the various regions are described below:
Si;14 Far East and the Zabi-ikal Regions (East of Lake Rpykal)
No unusual constrntionuolltwas seen other than bridge
repair work in Primorskiy Kray and near ?tsywhev in the Soviet
Far East and at Keen'yevskaya in the Zabaykal region.
b. Siberia Region (Vicinity of Irkutsk to Sverdlovsk)
"section between Slyudyanka* and Irkutsk A section
near Slyudyanka is being triple-tracked. The entire section probably
will become triple-tracked in the not too distant future.
Vicinity of Tayshet Roialed work is in progrees in one
section.
East of Novosibirsk -- Electrification work is in progress
eastward from Novosibirsk. This must be a part of the plan to electrify
the section from Novosibirsk to Irkutsk.
West of Omsk to Sverdlovsk -- This iection is scheduled
for strengthening work (double tracking and electrification) during
parts
the Sixth Five-Year Plan. Single4rackmmmmiftaa still roman here
and there in the section.
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c. Ural and European Russia Regions
Vicinity of Kirov -- Electrification work is in progress
to about 60 kilometers east of Kirov.
North of Moscow -- Vicinity of Moscow is electrified.
Work is in progress to extend electrified line north of Moscow.
G. Other Data
1.Namber of Tunnels (including river-bed tunnels)
Throughout the entire Trans-Siberian Railroad, the number of
tunnels is very small in comparison with the large number orbridges.
Along the shore of Lake Baykal (Slyudyanka to Baykal), there were about
30 tunnills? but this route is not used at presentlin the travel to
Moscow].
Tunnels are comparatively imtmcm numerous in the vt Far
vicinity of
Bast region, east of/Lake Baykal, and are found as follows3
JianitY.ot_d
(heiao-hisinean-ling (Bira to Arkhara) 7
Shilka River basin near Mogocha, Ksen'yevskaya) -- 3
Vicinity of Lake Baykal (Sluydyanka to Irkutsk) -- 3
The only river-bed tunnel (4f the Trans-Siberian Railroad,
located on the northside of the Amur Railway Bridge at KLabarovsk?
is not normally in use. It is a known fact that this tunnel was
opened before the war.
2. Railway Bridges
notable feature
A chaiscobsztgekiteraSoviet railway b*idgeSis the distance
between the railway bridges for up-trains and down-trains. The di':;rce.,
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ranges from several ten neteirs to several hundred meters. The Zeya
bridges on the tu eaetside of Svobodnyy are nearly tfilia 10000 metert
not
apart. This situation is found/only in the border areas but also
deep in the interior, due, undoubtedly, to wartime precautionary
measure.
3. Railroad Copmunicationl. Line
There are several railroad communication lines along both
sides of the track (two to three tempts= poles on one side).
Majority of the pol.es are of wood, and concrete poles are hardly seen.
Lower part of wooden poles are reinforced by cut ends of rails.
(Note: Concrete poles are found among the poles for
electrified lines near Moscow.) 50X1-HUM
The distance between poles saw Le about 50 meters
Aluminum wire is used widely as electric wire; majority is
There is hardly...Am...)
bare wire.pFlack in electric wire, due prpbably to the short distance
- between poles.
greatly
The nyMber of communication wire varies/With districts. A
noticeable thing in the ge7sWit Far East region out of Zabaykal is
tkat the great increase in the numar of communication wiresin the
section west of Narymakaya, a junction station for the Manchouli
branch line.
(14.
A A.A Li-44
"Teuppans." erii-f:e ArmY anti
As an effective method to make up freight oars, the US has
been using for many years
"Tsuppana" type of smilloWireimIT
the
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III. SURAtitatelig BRANCH LINES
As already known, the Trans-Siberian Railroad has numerous
branch linae. in the region east of Chita alone, the important
branch lines number about 20. Well-known branch Linea will be
excluded and only the important newly constructed branch lines or
those under construction will be discussed in this chapter.
1. Nature of Branch Lines
railroad
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'are of
The branch linea discussed here $xxm the gollowimg naturet
a. Scheduled for construction during the Sixth Five-Year Flan
ussk.- t:4
b. Branch line forming a part of the4oloweetelaitet connecting
c. Branch line under secret construction (unannounced)
d. Branch line, the existence of which was already known,
of
but in which somectiabiiiit points were clarified during the trip
2. Conditions of the Varietal Branch Lines (in order from the
Sev**4-Far East)
a? Bolishoy Never - Chulman Line (Projected line)
special
No xxxxxxt activities were see4ear the junction point.
b. Vicinity of Keen'yevekaya
There is a suspicion that a new'branoh line (double track)
104ted
exists on the west side of Ksenlyevekay5/in the Shilka Basin in the
Zabaykal region.
c Hinchouli Branch Line
The Manchomli Branch Line which branches cut from
Karimskaya forms a part of the fikinsreaesAsek. connecting railroad
?
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a
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.v.a. .0. till a 3ingle-track line.
Nau,hki Branch Line
The Naushki Branch LineoitrIch branches out from (Lan Ude
ChS74
forms a part of the Se-eleviet oonnecting railroad (via Ulan Bator).
it is still definitely a eingle-track line.
e. BAH Railroad
The BAH Railroad is a single-track line according to
observations near Tayshet, the junction station.
flb4kitowt
1'0 Achinsk-Abyakealo Line (Scheduled for construction lring
the Sixth Five-Year Plan)
r'
near
Achinsk? the laying of the single track was already completed. Con-
ditions in the interior, however, is unknowns
Electrified Line
g. of Area south of Novosibirsk
An electrified double-track line branches off from the
west side of the Novoeibirsk Station (right bank of the Ob' River),
if Ar Wia. 1 ?Z
to .- ?
VIVP/S4 c79 6'ew...4176i isf./nri (7 6102(7/ 6 ivith-tioe - s?No'by HL io -rive
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POOR ORIGINAL
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POOR
ORIGINAL
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.06
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