(SANITIZED)UNCLASSIFIED SOVIET BLOC PRODUCT BROCHURES(SANITIZED)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 126
• Document Creation Date: December 27, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 29, 2013
• Sequence Number: 11
• Publication Date: August 7, 1958
• Content Type: REPORT

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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
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1. Of1PED,EJIEH14E 14 HA3HAMEHI4E 11PHBOPA
130J1bWIIIICTBO npombameHllbtx pa6oT conpoHm.aaeTcH
Bbl,aCJINIP.CM 11131.11 11, KoTopan, 0c06c11110 npH 110A3CMI 13111-
paoomax, mmeT Bb13131BaTb 60J1C311b JiencHx?CHJIIIK03. I/13-
BCCT1 10, 11TO Hem menbtie 11131J1b, TM ona npemiee?
Han6onee BpeUIoii 18.1-1IUC51 11 131.11b pa3mep0m OT 5 mil-
l:poi! 11 me.nbtle, TK KaK ona nonaaaeT B anbnearibt .nerimx
H oce.nacT B 1 1 11X. DTO B OCHOBHOM HemtaHmast num,.
LLInpoRoe npnmenewie Ha pyannicax 6ypennn c npombin-
Koff B0,11.0fi, opowenun npit B3pb1B11 111X, norpy3oH11b1x H
Tux pa6oTax e3K0 CH1131 MO 3a11131JICHHOCTb B03y;Ca. 0 3.Ha-
KO no,ia ne nannocTbio yaan.rmaeT TOHtlailL11 liC cppaKumr
Hbum.
,ELAH JaabHefiwero pa3nepTb1naH1H 6opbobt C 11131.11b10 it
CIIHiliC1 I 11 H 3anbt.neHnocTH no3.3.yxa npil npHmenemni cyw,e-
cTetylow.ux MCP 3aW,I ITb1 OT 11 61.11 I 1, Heo6x0.allmo OTHOCHTe.1IbHO
T0111 10 3HaTb commute 3aIlb1ne11ll0CT11 no3.3.yxa. F1o3Tomy
Hapa,n.nc.nbno c BeC0Bb1M MeTOJON1 onpe,u.e.rieHHH 3anbizeH-
110CT11 nonsxa neo6xoximo npnmeHHTb CI-1CM 61 ft MeT0.13., T. C.
11P0113B0,3,11113 nucHeT ROJIIILICCTBH HUAI! 110k B 1 1(6M. BOnly-
xa it onpeaenwrb nx pa3mcp.
yabTpammK110 IIONICCTIITI) 11p113N1y 13 110,1C 31)1'111151
Nuilipocliona Mexaunticcuoc noBpe:iiaciine Ha rHu0Telly3-
11011 palm Hp113M1A 111)11 ocneutemin 11p113ru1)1 pacecHuacT
CBCT 130 BCC CT0p0111)1. llaCTI) pacecuunoro cacTa t1epc3 N111-
pocKon nona.tacT 13 raa3 Ha6.110,1aTc.151. FlocTauow:a KIOBC-
T1)1 11..111 3-ra:1011a cHeTopaccesninsi B 11C11Tpe OFITIPICCKOil OC11
?1111:pocuona 06ccuctinHac-rcu orpatinuirreAcm 33. cl)micaumi
no:lox:cum! up0113130:111TC51 3ax:uNIOM 06011 M hi 111)11 110M0111.1
131111Ta 32.
3TaviOil cHeTopaccesunui CJI yx:11T :1.1H KOHTp0.151:
a) CTC11C1111 OCBCW,C11110CTI1 3011131 no;letic-ra (1:ocBenn
1?011Tp0.111p.CTC51 Hanpux:cune 13 3.11e1apOCCT11),
6) CTCI1C1111 aJairralum r:'a3a 1mo:1'0,1a-rem".
araaon cucTopacceyiiiim yualiaBnimenn iia 3,1-
BOAC IL pa36opBe Ile noAnemorr.
P co CT p 34 (pne. 4, 6) ripc..aHa3Ha1e11 .1.151 1t3mcpc-
111151 CNOpOCTII uoToK 1)030J1 51 B MOBCTC. 011 COCT011T 113
113VX CICK.15111111)1X Tpy60ucu, 13ONICW,C111161X oalla B apyrylo.
CBCpXy pC0N1CTp 3aIiphIT Ko.rinaquom 35 no 11,101110
KOMC. J.JIH 113N1CpCIIII5I BC./111t11111b1 cuopocT!1 no-roua
a3p030.151 Ha riaiiciii C ilappmfoii CTOpOlibl ,113yNIS1 B1111TaN111
:36 npukpemena uH:a.la 37, nporpa.i)npouauHau B MM
BilyTpC1111 HSI 110J1OCTI3 peomeTpa i1CpC3 OTpOCTOK B K0.1-
natihe t1cpc3 NuJupoupan 41 cocanneHa c upaHom qA?. Bbl-
* 110,1 BM TpC1111Cii T1) 6mi noaeoc.anucH Ha 1)a3p51x:c1ine Bbl-
B0,3. BUN TpCIIHCil Tpy6K11 130 lillyTpC11111010 110.10CTI) peomeTpa
OcNILICCTB:ISICTCSI LICpC3 KarittAsp C 3NI1M OTBepCTI1CM
0 0,2 MM, tITO 06ecncultHacT pa3nocm JaBaelittil B -rpoKax.
:t.)151 N.106CTBa 110.11330BaIIII5I pCONICTpONI ypoHelib :Ii11LOIN0CT11
0CBC11,1C11 ita-rpollom 110,1CBCTKI1 39 CHapx:11 pcomen) 3a-
hblT 1:0x.NXONI 40.
Mukpokpau 41 (plic. 4) tipcana3natien .1.141 T0t1110ii
pOrN,111p0B1:11 CkOpOCTI1 no-roKa a3po3o.,151. On npeacTaimucT
co6oll naTp\Ool: C N1n OTBCpCTIISINIII, paC110.10iKeHHHNIII
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
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BaKpbmaTb nroabilaTbim cTep:Knem, nepememaemum Hawn,
ocn 11 rem Bpaw.ennn 6apa6aua 42. 3a comfit
noBopoT 6apa6ana cTep:Kenb nepemeutaeTen na 0,25 mm.
C '1 C T 11 11 1i 06bema 43 (pnc. 5, 6) cAy:Kwr .B.nn 113MC-
PCIIII11 oftema avo3ann, npowexnero nepea BnyTpennnii
iaiiaij MOBCT131 3a BPCNISI cueTa nacTnu Oii COCTOI1T 113 CICK-
:11111110/1 TPV6K11 C :13YNISI OTBCTBACIIIISINIII IIrpywn 44, 3a-
1pen:tennoii B 06oilme 45. lin:KnLe OTBCTBACIIPIC CTC1iJ111111101)
TI)Y6101 COejilliHeTCH tlePe3 peannoByio Tpy6Ky c rpyweii.
Bepxnee OTBCTBACIIIIC coe,atumeTcn uepe3 mai:poi:pan c peo-
NIOTPONI. CreKonnuan Tpy6Ka cueTunKa o6lema nporpaayn-
poBana 13 c13. flpii pa6oTe c npn6opom 13 nepBonatiaabnom
110:10ilie111111 NPOBCIII) ili11,1KOCTI1 :LOX/Kelt naxoxrrbcn B 11.N
:ICBONI 110:10iN0111111 LIii 0.6CCTICtIC111111 3T0r0 ycnoBun pc3ep-
Byap (rmIlla) NICIA(C?T peryAnpoBaTb ypoBenb BO,O,b1 3a
ClICT OfINTlia111151 11:111 nunnmannn rpywn. Flo.nmenne rpy-
lun 11/111iCIIP CIO! BIIIITOM 46. ,adin y1o6cTBa no.nb3oBannn
o6-Lema .0BC1113 il(11,3.KOCTI1 ocnewaeTcsi naTpo-
nom 110,1CB1'TRI1 47. ClIaMilitl 06lema 3aKpbrr -
\Om 48.
11 T 11 P a B:1 e II 11 i ( pnc. 6) pacnoamen iia ne-
naue.,in rarn,inn.a. Ha naneou pacno.rurAeubt MIIK-
pocKon, peomeTp, cueTunK o6-bema, NniKpoKpan, 6apa6au
nepemewennn (koTomeTpnuecKoro Kotula, Kpanbi yripamennu
Kommvunhanneii II ).1eKTp11uecK11ii BbIliJI1OtlaTC.113.
Kpan ?A>> .1.7111 BK:110LICHFISI cueTunKa o6-bema.
CueTtnn. o61bema BK:notraeTcn B pa60T. 110BOPOTOM TPCXX0-
.0 .101301'0 Kpana ?A? 113 110:10'iliC111151 I 13 n000;Kenne 4 B MO-
mein natia.ia noactieTa Bellb1WC1?. Ilocoe owl-matins 110,1Ct1,2-
1a ;ta:noleihunm noBopoTom npoTnB uacoBoii cTpe.rnth yeTa-
uaBonBaeTcn B no,io:Kenne 3 npii 3TONI 110J10KC111111 Kpaua
113111CPSICTC11 061CM B rpaaynpoBannoil D,ajlbHCCIWIINI
110130P0TON1 Kpan .)cTanaBAnBacTen B flO.1ORCI1flC I II %MIA
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
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Pit,: 6
KOCTI3 1cTailaimitimensi ila nepBoBatia.nblibiii Ol1y1eB0113>
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1111B.
K p a ii c1-37, .3,351 111)0?, BKII Ii1OBCTIII, T. C. LIB
6131CT1)011 CNIC11131 a3p030.151, Baxoximerocsi B KtoBeTe, iia a3-
po3o.lb. tio.a.le./Katunct itccAcaoBatittio. Flpo,aBKa 111)0113B0-
:111T01 KPBTKOBI)CMC1111131N1 OTICHOI1C1111CM NouTpo.inpyloweii
itacTit lipit6opa OT 110T011.\ 10 1101)111110 111)0110(0..71.1IT B ,1.0.111 MH-
11\ Tbl.
p a II > oTkpbtRatoT BacTo.lbKo, tiTo6bi 6o.nbwast itacTb a3po3 )-
:IA (99% 11.111 60.ibule) lipoxo,itaa Liepe3 DTOT Kpaut itTO1113-
KO 11(250.1131110C K0.11111CCTBO a3p030ns1 BanpaBillmocb 4epe3
MOBCT \ C1?01)0CTI3 noToKa li0lIT1)0.111MCICH pcomeTpom.
B 131 K 10 ti a T C.1 b 49 (pnc. 6) cay:Kirr JAB BKJ11011CH112
B Cell, BaTpotta ocBeTirremt IL111 IlaTI)OHOB tioacBeTKB. Kora
naTpoti OCBCIIITC.151 BK:11011CII B CeTb, TO IlaTB0HI-31 OCBCTIITU151
131)1K.1Iottet1hl, 11 Bao6opoT. -aneKTponitTamic OCYW.CCTB.TIFICTCH
ttepe3 Tpaitc(PopmaTop OT CCTI1 11CpCNICIIIIOTO iota 127/220 '2.
3.7B.4.Tp0miTal1nsi npu6opa oc,LuecTB.nsteTcH
ttepc3 p03cTI: 50 (pitc. 4)
V. IIPABHJ1A 3KCIIJIYATAU,I414
Flepc.1 Batta.nom pa60Tbt c npft6opom CHHNIB1OT Kpblun:
3 lime. 2) 11 ita npitoop BaTBritBaloT wTopy 51 (plic 6) 113
i.epHoro maTepita.na. 1Koumbi urropbt Ba,3,eBatoT na BIIHTbl,
pacno.-10,Kettlible B 1111/1thei1 ttacTit
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2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
ll_ITopKy 5 (pile. 2) 3a priKy 6 noannmaloT Hoepx. S eTa-
ny:Knyio Bunittitily ate.1111. nPOBCPH1OT CTC11C1111.
OCBCILI,C11110CTI1 301lb1 nooetieTa nyTem oBeaerinn
coeTopaccennuo B no.le 3penns1 min:pocKona. 3aTem B 110.11('
3PCIIHS1 Nun:pm:ono yeTanaommaloT K1OBCTY, 110:10%Ke1111'.'
KoTopoil OtKenpyeTco orpainninTe.nem 33 (pile. 5) n 3aiKIINI-
11b1M B1111TON1 32. Pe31111oBas Tpy61:a KIOBCTIA Bb1130:111TCH Ha-
py)Ky np1160pa K N1CCTY 13311T1U1 flP061)1. nOCA(' '11.01.0 111ropt;
5 onycKaioT.
Kpanki B 1011111e nepoonaga.mnbto
noaoz:enint.
Kpan A - B 110.10iKCIIIIC 1.
Knoll B - 13 no.-m:enne 2.
Kpan C B 110.10ike1111C 1.
Alm:poi:pan - B no.imkenne ?3aKpbrr?. .3aKpkiTuk Niii-
hpoNpatia ocutecTo.noeTcsi 1-10BOPOTOM ero Oapa6ana no III-
c000ll cTpe.-nie .10 .-terKoro
Flocae Toro, Kai Kpanbi B 11.\ iblIbIC 110;10-
iNC111151, B K1OBCTY 13.3YBaCTCH avo3o.1i, obicokoli KonuenTpa-
11,1111 (N10>K110 B,1\ Tb Tooatinbill ;1131M HPHMO 1130 pTa),
tiaioT OCBCTI1TCSIb 11 npooepotoT o3anmopacno.lo:Kennt? mu-
kpockona, MOBeTb1 H OCBCTI1TeolS1.11pn npoommilom IIX 133on-
mooacno.1oikennn (NinkpocKon e(poKenpooan ii a Hpko
menu\ 10 3011\ KIOBCTb1) 130 BCCM 110.1C 3PC111151 MIIKPOC1\011(1
tleTKO 1311,3,11bl HPKO CBCTHW,IICCH qacTnubt, naxoaoLuneesi :s
XROTIIIICCNOM aon;kennn HaNno.aam gepe3 6o.1hume oT-
oepeTne anacppormkt oK....."15ipa mut 11.1C130N1 nosiom:enint 1?.1H-
Ha. Eesin geTKocTI) FICaOCTaTOHIla, TO npn IIONIOLL111 M1(01131 2;
(pnc. 4), o61eNTno NunipocNona 11CPCNIC111,a1OT B noawkenne.
npn KoTopom ,aocTuraeTes nan.l.vunasi poonomepuasi geT-
KocTI) BO ocem noae
20
BK,I11014E1-11,1E FIN/MOM B BA1KYYMI-1Y10 CETb.
Flepea 13KJHOLIC1111C111 npit6opa 13 BaKyymnylo CeTb (Ilan B
Cell) C 1136bITOtIllb1M :1,aBAC1111CN1) Kpan ?C? ao?rr/Ken
oTKobiT (no.no:Kenne 1), a Nun:poKpan 3aKpkrr. BaKyymnyzo
Aninno umanrom 11PHCOC111115110T K Bb1B0,1,110ii Tpy6Ke 11 te.1.-
.1C11110 3alTbIBalOT Kpan ?C?. B npn6ope co3.3aeTc2 pa3p2-
aienne. npli .cranoimBweNicsi MC (peKomellayeTc9
20-40 mm pTyrnoro eTan6a) noKa3a1In1 peomeTpa H etier-
Lnu:a oabema ao.,TA:nbi 6krin,
Pe311n013N10 Tpy6Ky MOBCT131 Bb1B0,32T B NICCTO oT6opa
111)061,1 Bapa6an mnkpoKpana meilenno n000paquoaloT
npoTno qac000ii eTpenkil ao Tex flop, noKa pa31ioeTb ypoo-
iK11:1KOCTI1 B peomeTpe tie .CIaH01.311TC51 na 3aaannofi Bbl-
(OTC - OK0.10 10-20 mm BoaHnoro eTo..96a (oTegeT no InKa-
.1e 37, pile. 6). 1-11)11 iOM cKopoeTk noToKa apo3osio B K10-
Here 6\ .3.CT 2-4 M\l/M1111.
Flpit6op roToo K pa6oTe Ha6.7noaaTenb no.3.roTaBanoaer
pa6oliee MCCTO, ca.anTeg 3a npn6op, 111)0113B0,311T 111)0,3,.\ BK:
MOBCTIA (110BOPOT Kpana ?B? 113 110)0./KCH1151 2 B 110.10ilie-
1111C 1 ii o6paTno), BK.:notioeT ocoeTnTem, ii !laminae-1- eqs.,r
Benbnnek.
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I. CtieT qacTnu no BC11b1WKaM
111)11 OTKPb1Ba111111 Nutkpokpana nce.ie:J.embni HOTOK a'9-
po3o.,151 npoxo.-niT gepe3 mooeTy, B KOTOPOil npn nomow,n
NumpocKona na6.-noamoTcsi BC11b1W1?11.
BC(' BenbillIKII, B11:111Mbie 13 110.1C 3PC1111S1 :\1111TOCK011a, pe-
rneTpnpytoTcH, T. C. BC.3CTCH CLICT 11X tutc.ia. Camoe Ba'tliFIOC
VC11C1111101'0 11POBC,10111151cgeTa - no1601) n coo:no:lei-me
\ C.101311ii, o6ecilet11113aiontitx ita nomee .10611 hill 11 Bb110,1Hblii
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Temn n.an nacTor ncnbnueli. lIpli nacToTe 6o.1ee 150 Lic!HA-
RR% 13 1\11111)*Ty ClICT BooGuic .3e.1aeTca 1Ie1303m0ambim. flpit
?nem, NIeaJ1e11110N1 TOMlle TpcoyeTca cAnniKom mnoro [we:me-
nu. CaMI-31N1 BblroxibINI 213.1siercsi TCM II 50-100 ncnbitnek
mnnyTv. Takoii TeM11 NIMK110
pocTit noToKa avo3o.in nepc3 100I3CT (oTI:pbman mil 3a-
kpbtaan mm:pokpan) 11.311 >KC 113MCIICIII1CM 11.10111,a111
nor? 110J131 (Nle1131 53 OTBel/CT1131 01q.1311)110ii Altac)parm1)1).
CneT BC111)1111eN na:m upcKpautaTi, Han noc:ie peincTpd-
min onpc.3eaennoro kominecTna nenbianci, (N=50; 1 00,
200 n T. a.) , 11.111 iKe 111)11 nporekamm nepc3 mone-r. onpc
Jedlennoro oo-bema ncc.acaemoro av030:i53.
Ii pi onpeJeJennn nacTunnoil konnenTpaunn aJpo3o:la
nopnaKa 106-107 nacT /cm3. neoCmunmo n0.31)30naThen Ca-
mbIM11 maJlhINIII 0TBCpCTI131M11 Anacpparmbi,
B CLICTIIONI 110.1C 0:1HOBIW\le11110, kat. npanmo, tie m01:10 tia
\oanTbca tio.ice oanoil nacrnuhi.
npit BCCbM M.1 biX honuenTpaunax mok.no cTannTh ea-
mble 60.1bWHe OTBCIKTIISI .3.11a(l)pal*N1131 (1 11.111 2)
11 110B1)11.11aTI3 CNI3p0eT13 npoTeKanna ncc.le.l.emoro a-vo3o.1.1
Oanaxo, cimpocm noToKa ,:tonc?rnmo .30130:0111) TOF )
npeacoa, npn koropom etue ace acnbunkn 1311.310,1 aocTaTonno
xopotuo 11 HeT onaCHOCTII 11CtIC3110BC111131 1311:111\10CT11
smi:nx 113 IIIIX
2. 1,13mepenne npoTekwero o6-bema.
061)em W, npoTeisumii nep1'3 mone-r 3a npemn CIICTa
BC11b11110K, Naoolice mem n3mepaTh nocpeacTaom enertutka
o6-beta.
]Jjin3TOTO ncooxo3mmo noaopoTom paiia 113 110.19-
Axel-1112 I HOCTa1311T13 B no:ma:cline 4 - 131?.1101IIITI, cneTtnn.
oGiema B 110TON a3p030n1 B NIONICHT natiaaa cneTa ncribune!.
II abnc:nonirri, (n01301)01 113 n0.10a:en1151 4 B no:ma:cnne
)2
13 momenT oxonnannsi cneTa. 06-bem ath:u.oc-rn, nbiTccnennun
noToKom aJpoioAsi Ii oTcnnTannbni no ,1,CACIIIISINI, IIMC10111.11NI-
csi ita cneTtnn:e oinema, o61)em a-Jp030l53 B Ky611)1C-
CMIX canTuNICTpax, npoTemnii nepe3 KIOBCT.
,11,111.0ii. Wife(' npamoil enoco6, 3aK.11011ael-ca 13 11C110.71b-
ioBan1iu pcomeTpa It CCKIL:tomepa. Ec.30 B npo:toxiKennn
cneTa on-bumnaa cisopocm tIC mensoach, TO, lION 1 10/K11B
iia npcma T, oiihem
onpeAcAcnna oo-bema a?Jpo3o.3a V, upoweAnkro tr.
p1'3 cncTnoc noac 3a npema (Nevi acnbninek. no anemy
nporckniem nepe3 nee COICHIle BlITI)C111101.0 kana:ia mot3.-
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(1)013NI:la nblao.rourca c .ticrom napa6oancTnnecKoro
II j)0-
q)iI.1 ckopocrcii 110 cenemno hana.la moaerbi npn .3amnnap-
11()N1 110TOKC
Hpitmegamte: TaCmitua 13e 111t1 1111131 Ii011C1il1IT a? nimi)magw-
Bae.rcsi i npitooN
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
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.iiiCTICDCHb1X CIICTCNI OCHOBall Ha 111)11NICHC111111 noTotworo
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-.oHuenTpaunii npn pa3.1nt,HbIX II)NOCTSIX OCBC11101111 SI 3011111,
3 nOT0p01-1 Hp0113130.311TCSI CLICT tiacTnnt.
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r;npeleaeltholi Beantinnbr r1, 3aBncnw.eii OT OCBCLUCIIIIOCT0,
H e 61.1?,T peritcTpnpoBaTben 11 (...-LeT 113Mep2T1sCH K0MIS"1-
Tp2up12 qaCTIII1 c paancom r>ri. Tamim o6pa3om, 113N10-
,1Z71 OCBCIIICHHOCTli, \BA mo,xem !fakir 011C.10 Bcrihnnex,
peril-
C7pp\ npn pa3.-Intinbix no.lo:Neultsix tiuiia, II, cacao-
3a-re:1bn?. 110.1% (MTh npeacTaBaenne o cppamotonnom cocTa-
3f: 2-vp030:12 riO OTH0111C111110 N 511)KOCTII cBeTa, paccesnmor)
:10311p0Bafiff0C oc.ia6ieiuie ocBeuiennocTil OCt MCC r-
1.1.151i ICH (1)0TONICIp1ttlee1.11M NJIIIIIOM, niornocTI, koToport)
'mann? NICIISICICSI 01' 0,q1101-0 Konua K Apyromy. (1)0T0NICTp11-
11CCI(Illi KJIiIII 1131'0T0B:ICII 113 neilTpaablioro cTeK.Tia 1-1C-3,
lime10111.(TO 1(.111110B11:11-110 (1)01)1%1y.
I. 143mepennsi c nplimeneHnem (0o-romeTputiecKoro Kamm.
perlicTpliNembix 13C111,1111C1% 111)11 BBC:ICBM' 1(.1 11113
\ mein,InaeTcn Takoii crynentiaThiii 110:1Ct1CT HOBTOpSICTCSI
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.3.C.1111110:?1 110.10A(C111111 1(.11111a BCC [W111,11111(11 11CLIC3IlyT. 11pn
3amepax NI0iK110 13C.111111111.\ anacpparmbi, 110 on
13 1.0C\I C:I \ tiae ne.11,351 113NICIISITI) CKOpOCT1) 11poTeKaium
LICI)C3 1?1013CT\
(1)opma la 1111C11 13 pa6mem pekomeif:teTcn
\ Ionian
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2
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no.,1\ L'atoTot o6bitinblm 11, TOM, KaK II non .iii)TpaNnu.poci:9-
Initiechom qaCT111-111011 Koimeirrpatutti
Hatoniasi c rpac111,1 9, koTopan yi:a3b1BacT no:um:Nine
twit 3amepe BBoasiTcsi ,10110.111e111151, 1101151THbIC 113
na3Bannii TOli IIJIII 1111011 rpacpbt. Tai, B rpack 10 JaeTcsi
pa3nocTI, tiacTlitinbtx NOlI IleIITpaht11 11 H 1%1Cil(:1y tIBC:IONI Eta-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
cocHnTammx HpH Cioace 'whom ocBemewtH 3011b1 110A-
CHeTa (maAoe KAMM) nO cpatmemo c KOAntle-
CTBOM HaeTnu, cocturraimbix npn meHmlleii stphocTII ocBeute-
HUH (tionhinee BBeaenne hAtnia) 30111)1 HoactieTa 3Ta pan-
HocTh vKa3humeT Ha ho.flotecTuo HacTitu (6.71H3mix Ito Hplio-
CTII, a c.neJoBaTeohno it 1-10 pa3mem ), BCHNIIIKII hoTopht
racwrot ;IBN NIB Hoc:texmaTe.muhimit Holm-
/Keil1isIN111 Kmata
Fpaqm II :taeT HpotteuTHoe co:Lep/haulm. Toil 11.11i 101011
dmamtlitt B IICC,T1e:1.)eNION! a31)030.1e
3. flocTpoeHne KpliBbIX npeAcTaB,neHHH (Ppamittioinforo
cocTaBa
LLin Hamslanoro 1130(51)a/1:elms' tl)Paminotntoro COCTaB,i
ItccJeavemoro a3p030.1511303N10>K110 HocTpoirrh rpacithmi c3e-
.1.v10w,11X 11111013
1. FIHTerpa.ruhti (C)MNIam!)10) hpitB to, I e hpliB),0
ooLuero NienbWenlisi C) M mapHoii howleirrpallint peritcT-
pnp,embtx (lac-rim c hmtlia (110 oc1t ai)cumcc
oTx.ia,ahutaeTcs licomhetnte HAttua, a Ho Den opalt-
HaT holitteHTpatitts HacTHIL, perucTpitmemmx npit .1a11110'1
JtOJIOKdHhtu h.-HtHa, T e. aatitime rpacphi 8).
2. ,LIsitacpparm 3aBnettmocTit twHiteirrpaultit Hacritit, ra-
cHU1.11XCH B 1111-repBa.le no.-10/helittii 'coma 1110 oc't
aoctutcc oThnaahmaeTcH no.10./heut1e h.- nota, a Ho ocn opall
HaT An, T e. aaHlthie rpacl)ht 10).
3. EcAlt L\n Bbipa311Tb B npottettTa no....Hellithie
(rpacka I I) oTacy/KitTh 110 0C11 op:oltiaT, 0T.10./htta II)
?en aocuticc cooTBeTcriouttle no.:10/heititH hmtita, TO MN
110.11NalliM a11a4)parmy npoueHTHoro coaeNhatntst Toil 11:In
lin0ii (13.pamotH itcc.ne:lemoro a-Jpo30.151.
floc.ne.:LHHe aBa rpapinia-attarpammht :taloT Halt6o.-tee
HarmiaHoe npeacTaB.-Ieinte 0 (1-.)pahnitotitiom cocTaBe
96
.avemoro a?i)po3a1H, T. K U 1111X 110lia3b1BaeTCH MICA? tiacTutuL
(a6co.rnoTHoe Hall 13 npolteliTax) no CBOeil cseTopaccenBalo-
(Heil Cri0e06110CTII, a eJ1eJ0BaTe.r1b110 11 110 BeAntattle, OTHO-
051111.11XCH t TOii H.nli 11110ii (pp a
11011Vtle111151 !Lei-mu-tor? paanyca perlicTimpyembix
a-9po3oahlitAx HacTILIL iteo6xo,unma npeaBapItTenhilaH rpa-
Avitpowia hmtna 1M OTIloilien1110 K HacTituam aaimoro a3po-
30.1111, T. e. onpe:Leneutle nonwketillii 1:..ruuta, npit KoTophix
eTaBSITCH tiacTimbi Toro It:Hi 'mom paattyca.
HNiesi Tahvio rpa.33Hp0BOtilly10 NpnBylo KJItilia, mhi MOr-
6b1 HO OCH a6cH.Hcc oTma.ahwaTh He 110.10iKe1ttie
K.11111a, a Henn!!t hill pa3mep HacTILLI n 110.1yilaTh IT1I13y10
pacnpeae.letittst Ho pa3mepam.
EC.111 113BeeTen itCTIlHIlhtii pa3mep cambix Npyrwhix
? KoTophie npoxo.aHT 13 JannbIii NIONieliT tiepe3 1:10BeT),
TO, NcTanaBAHBasi KJIUtI B TaKoe noiloH:eHTLe, npil KoTopom
iai pa3 nctie3atoT nocJie.jittle BCObIUIKU, Nibi CNIO)KeN1 OTNie-
Tirrb no.nmheinte timuta, npit NoTopom tiacTuuhl aatatoro
? po30.rm c pa3mep0m ris 0ha3hlBaloTcH Ha rpaHnue Blom-
MOCTII. c.nonamit, tipu TON1 rio.ocitrin haulm moryr
ha6.110,1aThcH (npH .c.r1oBtut HaolotitH FIX 13 noToKe a3po3o-
.1,1 13 1:10BeTe) tiacTIRLIA, paxlyc KOTOIThix r 60.113111e, T. C.
r>r,.0TMeTHB itecho.mho no.w/kelittii Emma, oTBettalouthx
pa3A1timum 3Hatiennsim r., Nibi CM0NCM 110.1)1(113Tb rpa.aylip0-
B01.111)10 tipttBylo NJlItlta, (103130.15110111.)10 ilepeX0.311Tb OT
011:c1Ipylouutx no.rtox:eEntH HAItHa, K paxtycam
? 01:a3b1Ba10111,11xes1 Ha nopore BII.JIIMOCTII 0,151 .,:lannOr0
a3po3o.nH, npn Jaffna chopocTH npo.-IeTalatH a3p030.151 tC
pe3 1.10BeTy).
C.neayeT 3aNieTirrb, 1110 OnliCannbili C110006 onpeae.rieHHH
pacripeae..neHHH HacTitu, a3H030.11si no ox TIM:Oen!, BepHee 1110
IIHTefiCHBHOCTIICBeTa, paccesurctoro 110,1)1':t0m 900 K Hanpaa-
ieintio ocBentatowmx ?1.aeT pe3y.ribTaThi, 3aBlICHI1the
tai oT C11.1b1 ucTotniutha cBeTa, Tat H OT 1tyBCTBIITO:113110eT11
97
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
1
r.rm3a ila6moRaTun, T. C. no.nytienuble xpnable pacnpeae.le-
111151, KaK H 1(1)1113E31e rpa.ayitponKH K.Inula, 110C1T OTHOCHTCJI1)-
HbI11 xapaKTep. LITo6b! .),cTpainiTh 3TOT He.aoeTaToN tiHmen,
B031?10,KFIOCTI) norlytinTh KttBbIC paenpeamentin qacTilu
Hx 061eKTI13110fi eneTopaceennalouteii enoco6HocTii, c.nea.yer
TI0JIb30BaTbC1 31a.T10110M caeTopaceenuns.
flo.m3yneb 3TaJlOHOM caeTopaceentuth, 11e06x0:utmu ne-
pea Tem, KK nponoanTh cepluon3mepenuii, onpeacanTb 110-
.nommtile. K.rurna, npn KoTopom racHeT 3Tmon cneTopaccen-
HRH. Ecan .111060C 110.1110./KC11110 K.rnina, raentuee a3po3o.rumble
qaeTHubi, npiniaa.noKauthe K cppakunnm C NlaNCHNIaAblibIN1
paanycom r, OTCHIITIABaT13 OT 1-10:10iNCF11151 i.riiina, racnutero
31a.T1011 caeTopaecentum, TO no..qyqe!!!!ble oTelleTbl qitc.cm ga-
mut He 6y.n.yr 3aBlICCTI3 1111 OT C11.11b1 ncTowinKa caeTa, !!!!
OT HNIBCT1311TCAbliOCT11 ma3a HaNnoaaTe.151, a TO.11,K0 OT 011-
Timeciutx CBCHICTB, (P013111131, pa3mepa ii KOHHCIITHall.1111 COOT-
BCTCTB\HOLLHIX tmentu.
Toquan rpaayliponKa K.runia npe,aeTamsleT 311aim-re:11,
Pble TpY3,110CTII, oco6emio CCJIII pe t1b 113.CT 0 ACTyll11X qacni-
uax (noanbre a3po3a.,m).
06b1t1110 =HMO ,10B0J1bCTBOBaTI3CH rp,?613 np14-
6.7111iKeHlibINI onpeameHllem pa3mepa lacTnR, Tem 6osiee, q
apyroro cnocooa obicTporo onpeae.neinin paenpeae-ieHH9
Imenn!, a3H030J1Cii HO pa3mepam nooaue He C\ 1.11.CCTBy`T
caefloaaTeabno, ia>ic rpy6oe pa3pewemte 3TO1 3a3?aq!! RH-
./751CTC51 nOJle3lIbTM.
Ltaem onncanne 0,aliOr0 113 cnoco6oH rpa.3\ Hpoami, oni-
napHnan, LITO ero 11HEIN1CIICHIIC TpC6YCT 0111.31Ta B qth3Ht1eeKirx
ii3mepewax H MO>KCT 6bITI) npon3ae.aeno TamKo no3 Ha6.-uo-
JCHHeN1 Kaamulthunpoaannoro Haytthoro pa6oTiniKa 11.111 >lie
cileayeT BOCH0J1b30BaTbCH pe3y.ribTaTamit rpa.331tpomm, np,i-
neaeHHoli B ?lpyrom HccAe,aoriaTe,ribeNom yqpmae!!!!!!.
(Dopma 3aBlICHMOCTI1 NICHQy Kr H r 3aBIIcJIT OT noka3a-
wilefl ripe.nom.neHnnII nomouleHnn aeutecTna, oopa3vioute-
28
10 a3po3o.r1blible qacTnum, (103TOMY, B npinnuine, Ka./K-
:1010 BCHACCTBa 113a21.)111POBKa ao.inlia 6b1Tb npoae,iena
.IC.Tlb 110.
BHuav miloroluicAelnibix ocaoHmennii npn pactieTax, a
Tal.)Ke !! 13 Tex c.nyqaHx, Koma He TPC6yeTC1 T011110C ?ripe-
,tenelute pa3mep0n qacnut abicoKoancnepcnoil (I)paKumn
a313030.151, 1\10HUI0 Haxo:IHT!, pacnpeawienHe qacniu no yc-
10B11131M COHT1111CCKI1N1)> paanycam, TOMIO coana.aaKuumm
(baKTIPICCIMIll TOJILINO .1:151 CPa131111TC..1113110 rpy6brx qacTnu.
B envqae, Koma Tpe6eTen 6o.nee ableoKan TOHHOCT13, 11C0o-
NO.1111\10 0111)CaCJIHT13 IICT111111y10 cpopmy rpaaynponotinoii
3a13ncl1NIOCTii?
J'. r)
npH6opa 3a1K111\11)1 K a313030:151N1 aeTymix aeulecTa, aaH:e
KK
1. B a3po3o.mHylo Kamem Hao3mTc51 110.11taliCilepCHblii
a9po3o.rn, Maloii qacnitinoil NottueHTpaluut, nepemeuninaeT-
cn BCHTIIMITOHOM 11 qepe3 onpeae-leHlibie, cptiKcupoaaHHble
npommyTiot BpCMC1111 3amep11eTe51 noAmKelute K.rutha Pi, ra-
onuee BCC BCrIbILL1101. Be.rutlinHa cambax Kpyrulux qacTell,
coLlep:KauulxcH B liaNICHe B neptioa apemem! -/K113H11
a9l)030a51 Ha yponne 3a6opa np06u, :\10/KCT 6Hrt, abitmcoe-
Ha no allopmwie C.ToKca-lKentnirema
me V=
(paecTonnlie OT noToaNa Kamm)! ,10 mecTa oTOopa npo6m);
- a ). - -- 18 ' . V
111;
2
cKopocn, ?ea:I:acting qacTnu Ha nyTH II
29
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
? paanyc nacTint, racnatuxcn Nil IIIIOM 13:tannblii MU-
nocae 11C1CHC111111 BPCMC1111 OT nana.na ocan:aenun;
a -- KOHCTalITH;
? aattita cao6oanoro npo6era ra30amx N10JICK)71;
? VlelbiIbIii 13CC BetitecTaa nacTint;
g ? vcNopenne C11:1131 TSDNCCT11 ? 980 cm/eel:2;
? B513KOCTbcpeabi (ao3,ayxa 1,882. 10 ' r/cm. cel.).
Buiia ia.iix ae.rntnnil Ko3:1)4)1nolenToa a II I , 01111 OT-
OpachwaloTcsi H CI)opmy.na (1) 11MCCT ana
9 .11 (9)
2 -; g t
-
I 9 Ti ?
2 ig
Onpeae.nenne Besnitnnibt V , coaepn:auteilen 110,1 KOIH1CM,
He npeacTaa.nneT 3aTpyanennii.
2. ,E,T131 nacTnu, c pa3mepaNn1 OT 1 :to 10 mh rpaaynpott-
hy N.11111a NIO/KHO flp0113BCCT11 CAC.3.10111,11M o6pa3om?
B a3p03amnyto hamep BB03.11TC1 nomitancnepcnblii a3-
p030.nb nacTunnoil KoratenTpaunn 103-101, II tiepe3 IICKOTtl-
rhIC npomen:yTKu Bpemeint t onpeaemnoT nano:I:elute Kan-
PN, npn ROTOpONI racnTen BCC BC1161111101. AlaKcitmaJibitbin
paanc gamut, coaepn:aunixcn B Kamepe tia Bb1COTC 0160-
pa npo6, no itcTetteunno apemean t onpeamneTcn 110 113013M. -
.10 (2). 21.131 nen) neo6xo11nmo 311aTb flyT13 1-1 (paccTonane
OT noTanha hame))hi .30 mecTa oT6opa npo6b1), npoilaeuntwii
Han\ tina TaNum IlyTCM IICCHO.T1bK0 TOtICK, Mbl CMO}KeM
ElocT po rt. b rpaaynpoaottnylo liptia 10 .3./131 a3p030.11 .nannoro
3. _Inn nacTiut cpeanero pa3mepa (0,5-2 MN) BO3M0-
:ACH euie 03.1111 meTo:t rpaa)..11poaKti Kmnia.
B MOBOT1 3acachu3aeTor nopluin a3p030451, BCC hpantx
%.'ITZIBRTCS1 B Tahoe 110.101111C, HT06131 B KloaeTelie Obtoo no-
70:tia H 3amepnercs apemn naaennn lianOonee 6b1cTpo oce-
aaloautx tiacTim. Bb1611paloTen HaCT111.1131, aBl1HiyU1HCC31 110
uenTpy 110J131 mtn:pocKona (CT31311TCH caNtoe 60J1b1110C oTaep-
CTI1C attat)parmbi).
311a51 nyTt, oceaannn 1-P (paanblii xtameTpy nann) 11
apemsi oceaalinn n, MhI haxoanm cliopocTb V'=1 , oTKy
t
aa 110 tkopmy.ne (2) 011pCJCJISICTCH paanyc nacTitu.
B 3ToT ?,Ke 'lemma apemenn naxoanm nano:Keane KJ131113
PK, 111311 K0T0p0N1 iai pa 3 i1cne3al0T noc.neanne, natt6anee
ipiiie HaCT1111.131, paanyc KoTopm onpeae.nen namn no cKopo-
CTII ?CC:13111131
4. Kpome pa3o6pannbix NleT0.3.013 rpaaynpowut KJ1HH3.
NICriK110 TaKnce nporpaaynpoaam N.T111H, itc11anh3yn neci)e.no-
meTpnnecKoe onpeaainenne cpeanero paanyca nacTnu
11313eCT110, 1110 113 11CKO10pb1X BeatecTa npn onpeae.nen-
lIbIX YCJI0B11SIX TyMairoo6pa3oBainisi mon:no 110J1y1111Tb
npn6Atinialowmecn K N10110,1111CFM)C11b1M. 011peaC.11113
114CJIONICTIMLICCKIIN1 C1100060N1 Cpe.1H11r1 paanyc nacTritt Ta-
Koro mono:utcnepcnoro a3p030an II onpeae.nna 3,.1131 3Toro NC
a3p030nn HOJIMKCHHC K.nnita, racnutee ace BCi1b1WK41, Mbl
naxoanm ?any Tot-11:y rpa,u,y1tpos04noil liptiaort.
VI. IIPABI4JIA YXO,RA 3A FIPHBOPOM
31Basiensi Tonabtm
npn6opom, Tpe61owitm Becbma 6epencnoro o6patuenn5l.
111)11 nanytteintit npnOopa c.neayeT otipaTnTb
tia coxpannocm ynaKowth II Re.nocTb oco6oil n.nom6bi 3aBo-
aa-n3r0Toa1ITenn.
lipn6op oTnpaaaneTcn c 3aBoaa Tw,aTe.nbao nposepen-
liblM 11 aann:en o6ecnennTh 6e3oTKa3ayto pa6oTy B Tenenne
necKo.nbKnx .neT, oanaKo a.T131 3T0r0 naao coaep-/KaTb ero
tHICTOTC 11 11PC,1OXIMFI5lT13 01 mexannnecKnx noape)Kaennii.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
411CT1(a 011T1ItleClillX 110BCI)X110CTCji aomktia 11O0113B0-
,111TbCfl C maKettma.mitoii ocTopo>t1(11,3.1WCT11 pe3intoable Tpy6tot paaeaatoTcst Ka)K.:tast tia
caoe N1CCTO.
11p116op abinycKaeTcst c 3aBo1a 11a3,.ilem:aute cma3at1pbtm
OCO6bINI COCTaBON1. ECM( ttepe3 113BCCTIlblii npomem:yToK ape-
meint cma3Ka B panpaampoutpx 1(10BeTbl, B Kpapax, B 01(V.11:1-
pe 3arpsmaitTcst 11 3arycTeeT, TO npu6op pee6xoat1m1)
Hanpaattm B cnettpa.mayto MacTepcKylo am] 1111CTI(11
VII, KOMMIEKT HPHBOPA H Ero YKJIA,RKA
B I(ONIEVICI(T upti6opa BX03.51T:
A. OCHOBIlbIC ItacTtt
I. nOTOgliblii ...-IbTpamitkpocKon
9.
5. 3 anacH bl e Lt a c T It 11 n p it it a a e o c T 11
I. KtoaeTa . . 9 WT.
9. PeomeTp . . . I WT.
3. CtleTt1111( o6-bema . 1 WT.
4. TpaHccpopmaTop TP-1 1 WT.
5. ABTON10611.1bHaR namnotwa
12 B0.1bTX 15 BaTT (T1111 10A) . . . 5 utT.
6. JlamnotiNa 13 B0.1bT Kapmatmoro
cportap2) . . . . . . . . . 5 WT.
7. Pe3ittioaaFt Tpy6tia o 4 (meattuttlicKaR) 3 Ni.
S. IIITopa 113 11.710THO1 ttepHort Tliaall . 1 WT.
9. OTaepTRa 1 WT.
10. Ca.rtcpeTka 43.1afte.1eaast 200x200 1 WT.
11. Karntaspbi 9 WT.
. 1 WT.
. I WT.
39
B. a o y e it T a tt tt
1 01111CallaC
2. ATTCCTaT
3. 110.111aSI Ta6o111ta BbILIIIC.le1111A liOHCTallT
?a? aallitomy nptt6op, (a arrecTaTe)
4. ATTCCTaT Kvntita (a arrecraTe)
5. COIWOB0.311TCJIblIblii
31(3.
1 31(3.
1 31(3.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release
50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
II ''' ''' "!?.'t
\t%
- 't t111.01V11110
m1111%111'11 ill I III I )1
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CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
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CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
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MICROSCOPE UNIVERSEL
POUR LES ETUDES
BIOLOGIQUES
MBH ?6
VatiNThr.triz% 01?0111111111111111111il
? Lumiere polarisee pour les etudes des structures refrac-
tant la lumiere en deux faisceaux.
? Grand assortiment d'objectifs, d'oculaires et d'accessoires
varies.
? Dispositif d'illumination incorpore a condenseur pancra-
tique.
? Mecanisme de focalisation de haute precision.
? Passage rapide d'un genre d'etude a un autre.
? Prise de photographies d'une micropreparation sur le film
cinematographique de 24 x 35 mm ou la plaque de 9 x 12 cm,
sans interruption de l'observation visuelle.
? Amortisscment contre la vibration du local.
? Grossissement a l'observation des objets: jusqu' a 2000 x
? Dimension minimum de la particule observee:
jusqu' a 0,1
? Grossissement lors de a prise de photographies:
sur le film ? de 20i a 1000 x
sur la plaque ? de 40x a isoox.
Le microscope MEW - 6 est utilise
dans de grands centres de recher-
ches scientifiques oi les objets
d'etudes sont tres varies.
Le microscope comporte dans sa
realisation tous les perfectionne-
ments de la microscopic de lumiere
moderne.
Possibilites d'emploi:
observation binoculaire dans la
lumiere passante et reflechie;
observation des preparations a
faible contraste (cellules vivantes,
bacteries) a l'aide d'un condenseur
du champ obscur, d'un dispositif
contraste de phase, d'un dispositif
anoptral.
Pour les cot:dawns des lwratsons
adressez-vous.
? STANKOIMPORT., Moskva.
G-200, Smolenskaja-Sennaja ploshcbad,
32134.
SECTION DE L'URSS A L'EXPOSITION UNIVERSELLE ET INTERNATIONALE DE BRUXELLES 19!P;
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M B H - 6 BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
MICROSCOPE
The M BI4 - 6 microscope is used in large research institutes where various objects are under
investigation.
The microscope embodies all achievements of modern microscopy:
binocular observation by means of transmission and reflection methods;
observation of low-contrast specimens (living cells, bacteria) by means of dark-field conden-
ser, phase-contrast and anoptric devices.
? Polarized light for investigation of birefrin-
gent structures.
? Complete set of objectives, eyepieces and
various accessories.
? A built-in illuminating device with pancratic
condenser.
? High-precision focusing mechanism.
? Rapid transition from one kind of investi-
gation to another.
? Photography of microspecimeb without inter-
rupting visual observation by using the photo-
graphic film (24 x 35 mm) or the photographic
plate (9 x 12 cm).
? Damped against premises vibrations.
? The microscope achieves magnification up
to 2000.?
? Minimum dimension of observable particle
is up to 0,1
? Magnification:
from 20-- to 1000-2-C when using the photo-
graphic film;
from 40? to 1800? when using the photo-
graphic plate.
For del:very terms apply to
"ST ANKOIM PO RT", Moskva, G-200,
Smolenskaja-Sennala ploshchad, 32134.
USSR SECTION BRUSSELS UNIVERSAL AND INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION 1958 _
(
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
-\
FORSCHUNGS-UNIVERSALMIK
Das Mikroskop M B M - 6 findet Anwendung in groBen
wissenschaftlichen Forschungs-Institutionen, wo die Unter-
suchungsobjekte sehr mannigfaltig sind.
Das Mikroskop schlieSt samtliche Errungenschaften der
.modernen Lichtmikroskopie em:
die binokulare Beobachtung in durchgehendem Licht
unci auffallendem Licht;
die Beobachtung von wenig kontrastreichen Praparaten
(lebende Zellen, Bakterien) mit Hilfe von Dunkelfeld-Kon-
densor, Phasenkontrast-Einrichtung, Anoptralkontrast-Ein-
richtung.
? Polarisiertes Licht fiir die Untersuchung von doppelt-
brechenden Strukturen.
? Einen groBen Satz Objektive, Okulare und verschieden-
artiger Vorrichtungen.
? Eine eingebaute Beleuchtungsanlage mit pankratischem
Kondensor.
? Eine Prizisions-Fokussierungseinrichtung.
? Eine schnelle Umstellbarkeit von einer Forschungsart
auf die andere.
? Eine Amortisierung der Schwingungen des Aufstellungs-
raums.
? Das Gerat ermOglicht das Photographieren der Priparate
auf einen Filmstreifen (24 x 35 mm) oder auf eine Platte
(9 x 12 cm) ohne Unterbrethung der visuellen Beobachtung.
? Die Vergrof3erung bei der Beobachtung der Objeke bis
zu 2000.?
? Die Mindestgr6f3e der zu beobachtenden Teilchen bis
zu 0,1 P.
? Die Vergrof3erung beim Photographieren auf einen Film-
x. x x.
streifen von 20? bis 1000?, auf eine Platte von 40? bis 1800?.
Allc Lieferungsanfragen stud an
?STAN KOI M PO RT", Moskva, G-200,
Smolenskaja-Sennaja Ploschad, 32134 zu richten.
ABTEILUNG DER UdSSR AUF DER ALLGEMEINEN WELTAUS
13HeurroprmapT. 3amaa .1s1 5-380-26
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release
_
50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
? .? ??_ ?
_ The television - microscope is a combination of a -light.tnictoeCop.e_
television channel witha tran-smitting-tube
? - _ _
? ,I3i,:mecifis2-of the television - thi-Erasaape obje? may be observed on
television screen in transmitted light, under direct or oblique illumination, iir
a light and dark-field;_With-phaseCoptrastThe.
?
to increase the imago contrast, to io serve- -
_
,? _.? _ , ,
the the:negative_irnsige.---of the Tobject, to smoothly?_?-change ;the
brightness of the imgat.withiti wide limits
The magnifications obtainedlon'thescreen- arein the range frorn'50025,to
700 x;.-015ervatiOn diltariCerange ? from 2-3m to 300 m
_? .
-:The television microscope is equipped with a video-control arrangement
esjg.ne-cf-fai'i_adjaiiirigithe",SLipeFOrthiaarigi,?dui.ing-_oPeratfonrr_and for checking
he':qutilify?Ofthe:-iMage-on'the-teleVisioli?sCreen-as '6".MPared-With'the ithage
?
of the-objeaf,:obserVed directly : in the microscope 2-:-
The television microscope tari'be 4.1-Ccesifoliy-.-used far the 'dernanstrcition
of microobjects to a large audience, for danger-
ous It yriay:_ci also be employed-during:sidgicaloperatiOni.:;=.:7*.
-1n:the:future-,-bi:tising:_.sPecialtubeii the application sphere of the micro-
scope will be widened for observation of microculture images in invisiultra violet rays
ble
:eitelerriiarakopeirepre"iente-upe Orribierfaisali A'un:en.icroscope de lumieeed'observer l'image positive et negative de l'objet, de varier progressivemont,dons de larges limites, Ia luminosite de i
et d'un canal de television avec un iconoscope superorthicon
droite ou oblique, dons un champ clair ou obscur, a contraste de phase
'ag - L'i?
_
inafe-2.prajefee.40.-:,1!Acy_ii n:?.peutl'..etre cigiandie.A6-.50-0?c4.-.27
La portee dejrabseniatiar.f?et-de2-pu 3 metres a 300 metres
dispositif de videocontr?le est prevu dons le telemicroscope pour le
i
.reglage du superorthicori lors du...fonctionnement et pour le controle de Ia
?
'objet-.0 servee directement sous le microscope.
'-12-eistelemiarai.gp-Per-peut?e utilise avec succes pour Ia demonstration
des objets microscopiques a un grand auditoire, pour Ia demonstration des
ji-Omtrje:1-ef:lari.:?-des"::atibl-b-fiO.-fii
-? -
operatoi res
- On se propose par Ia suite d'utiliser le telemicroscope, au moyen des
tub
?
es-.f.--.speciaw.c-- pour- serVation..-. es_:-:rnitro;:preparations:7:dans - es-;rayans-
uttra_7_Vial'ets:
as-FereisehNikraskap stellt eine-Verbindung des Licht-Mikr-oikbpS und
- ? _-
?
es;Fernsehkarials'_mit der.,Senderiihre..;;Stiper.:Ortikons-'-dat;-:--z-
Mit 1lilfe-des Fernseh-Mikroskaps-kann man die Bebbachtung: van" Obje
ery,:iii:durcligehendem-LIcht.,a,uf einem-Fernseh-13.11dchirm,".ber gerade,r-L'un
.khiet:aufftilelendei:13?pleycht-ung;Jrn.-86nkleri ufidhellen Phaseh-.
, - ? ,
_ e
kantrast'durchfiihren..--; ?.? _
?Da-Feinsehs,yIterri:...ermoglicht es, den Bildkantrait
? --"
as-,:pg-ative.. je eo a, ten,_ le-HeIlikeitdesg
veranderm----
--Die:Vergro5erung;-:die_auf dem-Bildschirm--erhalten-_,wird;betragt 500X
? - ?_,
bis
27.00?.
-Die Entfernung der BeobaChtiing betragt_2:3-ni," bis zu 300 m
M:.Fernseh-Mikrb-ikap _ist-eine_Videa-Kantrolle-Einriiiitung:Vorgeiehen,-
le:fai:-.Aje-AbitiriirnUngaes-Super:Qii.ikanWaYrend'aer?_Aibeif----.6rid:filf:aie
ontrolle der Abbildungsgute auf dem Bildschirm im Vergleich zu:-..dei-Aliekt
-
ikraabjektep_.1
Auditorium,nefii,.-,:glaperiT, --',..f31r--_::-dFe,--_-;-Varfphri.ing von Objekten die fur den
Mensthen gesundheitsschadlith sind, und bei Durchfuhrung von chirurgischen
? - ? " ?-?
peratiiitifek-rerf.PWeich_-..cibgewandt ?-weergen.-
Es wird geplant, in der Zukunft durch ie7,Anwendung--Vomr:spe2ietlen
_b_h-iiii;---"Acfs--ferreiseh-:7,Mtkraik:607-fbe'die.Bebb-ciditiing---vorr.MilacciPraparatenAn-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
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Pour les conditions des livraisons adressez-
vous: -STANKOIMPORTo, Moskva, G-200,
Smolenskaja-Sennaja ploshchad, 32/34.
For delivery terms apply to "STANKO-
IMPORT", Moskva, G-200, Smolenskaja-
Sennaja ploshchad, 32 34.
Alle Lieferungsanfragen sind an ?STANKO-
IMPORT", Moskva, G-200, Smolenskaja-
Sennaja Ploschad, 32/34 zu richten.
SECTION DE L'URSS A L'EXPOSITION UNIVERSELLE ET INTERNATIONALE DE BRUXELLES 1958
USSR SECTION. BRUSSELS UNIVERSAL AND INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION 1958
ABTEILUNG DER UdSSR AUF DER ALLGEMEIN EN WELTAUSSTELLUNG IN BRUSSEL 1958
B1leurroprI13gar. 3aKa3 Ne B-362-26
a
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
ICROSCOPE
.:"???tr
,lp ltra-viOle ionJot-ispectrum pny.x.subStaqces have
tit4;0?VA ?
onik-absor tioNThIsenoti erstuting chemical conzptiollio
. r4.
ologicorliiinspcirin micropreparatto.nvana observiwi,
photo gra hierdes preparati
warbles et u irgviolets.
or,Yciu spectre: 2
t .*vti
.6., ot:ozioltn,lof preparations in transmitted
ultra...Wets-4nd visible rays.
Spectml?region: 250-700 m
pectrolvpl: ? 10 m p.
? A
Colour photogmAng in ultra-violet rays by
eansriF131Triiiilgel ethod of colour
trans-
formation.
Observation of prep
Jion image in invisible
ultra-violet .o,47.7v._o_natrrescent screen.
ft.
S 14e,c4rA
S te to ? 250:16 ''m.
????
Observation de l'Image de la pnitpa ration dons
les rayons:Li tic violets sur l'ecran:fltio escent.
-40f d ?
Monochro
ipectre: 250--?;365;m
tisation: 10??mrps.c.v
:=T-P- -4tuir
46:4-.?
Mesure dessoin?Le4d!ab orRtion d uneipre-
v ?.3e4.47 ?votarkt4z4.!??-,11 t4pa rcitioTrildans n'importe?equelles?.1ongueurs
,.. "?.??\,?attfsitY
d'ondes.fccleXultra,violet et du v sible (enregis,-*,
Attif
trement automatIque)r%
. OP' ?
? Region duspec re: mgc
? t:14
700
1,4ri,.,:,..?1,
Mon 'chromatisation: ?
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iii,404:'-'ir'
Prise_.de photogniptite de 1
.iia f ii, .orescence
..., - ..." ),,,,,,:r?re,?-r Arrif.e.1
bletcri.g.s,prePorations:'et.'?de la fluorescence
,If-^Zi-V..:0 4.,ts,:14 fil*:".aeZiElf, -i
a-violette= par la methode de,transforma4
io ,fdes coyurs. ..c.:4-11
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Icluoresce ce: 50450,0,
Mpnoc rornahsOtion.,;-.?:,.1.0?-m IL
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nalyse quantitative des isPectreidc adiaii
sal K J-ti4.4:41.--??,4?*Fr'i'.74.
L
izrtc
nestence des p re porationsz(enregi_slreTent?
t.e
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,,,...
._ t.4..Y.4 .... ?,, ., ????????-c?O?x& .7-;:??,,,,4140, %4444119.1,,r--
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',Iiii'ZIg-nri .1,, .,..itri.. -1.'.1.tai?-?T? '1?,111...--
Passcige rapide de r observatiory:stird'ecrcin
-?4?14., t4I li'l.'14)--..r4c-re.? 41:1151s:ritAio.-
fluorescent.,.61a mesureAes-courbes d'obso
tion.
81%:.?4310*??
twolonockomators.with special diffractia ? ratIngs;
dt, . il, fa
T reet,laicture camera (carnerokfcvmtcrography of three
1,-1?C'itt>0./ ' nial'',:11211-.Ii' WI it
PhotoPiatuu:s) and,"-a sPecial chromoscope for invesrgation
.:?:, ..kt,wf...-r-- itt???? V?., A
y means otcolour transfor atiori'method.
ete-ire ' al : ? 10 m
ellit? interval:?
MeasuremeV'r of absorption cit.rVecohprepa-
d!):" ? ."-",???I'si4".1-`,7:ikt"
ration in an .ove-length:ka:ultra4:viojetand
visible spectrum (automatic record! g)Zl.,e, ?--,
MI ? *
Spectraeegion: 250-700Icm it. 'CI
Hflu.
Spectra interval ? 10m. It. A.
1111Bad. ?
MINIFIMINgtaMitakei.41711INFArafarda
fluorescence A atk...,
(7.`iri*e
preparations and cAltro.,itiOle fluoresceke':
--.4?Zif.,:r& ,./"..'
..li
by using method of colour transformatio
t
"?????--...k.-zw?
Exitation region of fluorescence :J
250-450 m it.
Spectral interval: ? 10 m it.
Quantitative analysis of luminescence spectra6
of preparations (automatic recording).
Rapid transition from observations on fluor-
escent screen to measurement of absorption
curves.
Pour les conchttons des 6ra:sons adressez-
-STANKOIMPORT, Moskva. 3-200.
Smolenskaja-Sennoja ploshchad. 32134.
41P,?S
For delivery terms apply to 'S TANK C.)::rti1AP:R--TiO-
-
Moskva. 3-200. Smolenskaja-Senna a pl d2l34vP ,
...-drz-rover,y;:v
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Alto Lielerungsonlragen sind 'OA
.STANKOIMPOR, Moskva, 0.200,
Smolensk:go-Senn* Plosthad, 32134
, zu richten.
st?
AlltEILUNG DER UdSSR AUF DER ALLDEMEINEN WELTAUSSTELLUAG INRUSSEL 9,5-e
. - -
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
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APPAREIL
MICROCINEMATOGRAPHIQUE
M KY-1 est un microscope universel pour les etudes biologiques emplo)e Lon-
*rointement 'avec unc camera cinematographique.
L'appareil est destine pour:
prise de vucs animees des processus evoluant dans les micropreparations trans-
parentes et opaques;
prise de vues des processus a evolution rapide, avec une Nitcsse de 1 cadre en
4 secondes A 75 cadres par seconde;
prise de vues, cadre par cadre, des processus a evolution lente avec des intervalles
de 1 cadre en 3 secondes a 1 cadre en 3 h. 20 min.
? Possibilite de l'observation de la preparation fors de la
prise de vues a l'aide d'un dispositif stereoscopique bin-
oculaire.
? Oculaire pancratique pour la modification rapide et pro-
gressive de l'echelle du grossissement.
? Prise de photographics des micro-preparations a. l'aide
d'une camera a film.
? Grand assortiment d'objectifs: planachromates, apochro-
mates, objectifs pour immersion en eau, epiobjectifs.
? Grand assortiment d'acccssoires: pour la methode dc
luminescence, champ obscur, contraste de phase et lumiere
polarisee.
? Sources de lumiere: lampe a mercure C B -250-3
et lampc a incandescence K-30.
? Commande de l'appareil: a partir d'un pupitre special.
Grosstssement du microscope
sous lumiere passante?
lors de l'observation
lors dc prises de vues
Grossissement sous lumiere reflechic?
lors de l'observation
lors des prises de vues
Encombremcnt, mm
Poids, kg
_ X
. 45? ? 3000?X
X X
. 6-- 950?
X
. -15?x ? 3000?
X X
.. 15? ? 9D0-
1600X 1000X 1500
600
Pour les conditions des livrarsons
adressez-vous.aSTANKOIMPORTv,
Moskva, G-200, Smolenskaja-Sen-
naps ploshchad, 32/34
s I.(' I ION DI- I URSS A IILX POSH ION I. NI\ I RSI-LII II IN II. R NATIONAI I DI- BI1 XI I I., iwiN
P.t
micgo.H.LmING's
u$It
M KY- 1 is an universal research biological microsdope
filming camera.
? The instrument is intended for the following iiurposes:
filming of processes in transparent and opaque micro-cultures;
filming of rapid processes at a speed of I frame in 4 seconds to 75 frames pee
second;
filming of slow processes (in frames) with intervals of I frame in
frame in 3 hours 20 minutes.
combined' with special
3 seconds to I
? Possibility of observing the culture during filming by
means of a binocular stereoscopic cap.
? Pancratic eye-piece for the fast and smooth changing of
magnification range.
? Photographing of micro-culture with film camera.
? ? Large set of objectives: planachromates, apochromates,
objectives for water immersion, epiobjeciives._
? Large, sef_of accessories: for luminescence method, dark
field, phas'e contrast" an4:pol,arized light. 7
2, ? -
0. Light sources : . C B - mercury. lamp and
1C-30 incandescent lamp -
? : =2: 7
? ..Contrql of i?r?rnebt
, froni p4ncl.
?
-
-. Magnifica. tions of -micrcitcope'
in transmitted
...when ing'..
when filmiii
ilainifiecitions in ?ie.' flecie'd lig
when Obier:rinit
when
?
filming
Ov.grall,dimensidni; nim : "1600 )-1.-0-00'-'5 150 mm.
? The apparatus can withstand temperature
variation and vibrations.
? Overall dimensions ? 1200x 1400x 750 mm.
Weight ? 120 kg.
ussR or: BRussEi s UNIVI RSA! AND INTERNATIONAL. EXHIBITION 1958
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ATOMKERNPHYSIK
Die Verwendung der A tomkern-Energie zum Wohle des Menschen
findet in der UdSS1Z immer grOf3ere Verbreiturig.Eine der moder-
nen Studien methoden der Eigenschaften ?der Atomkernpartikeln ist
die Methode der dickschichtigen Photo-Emulsionen. Die geladenen
Teilchen lassen darm Spuren zurack; 'die aus einer Kette entwickel-
ter Korner bestehen.
Fur die Beobachtung dieser Spuren
entwickelt worden.
Dje Praliminardurchsicht von dickschichtigen
Photoplatten mit einer GrOf3e von 25x80`mm
bis zu 150 x 150 mm.
Die stereoskopische Beobac_htung.
Die VergrOBerung von 50x bis 1800'
Ablesegenauigkeit:
0,02 mm auf einer Lange von 5 mm ? in
Querrichtung,
0,1 mm auf einer Lange; von 150 mm ? in
Langsrichtung,
0,001 mm ? in der Yertikalebenc.
? Der Objekttisch ist um 360? drehbar.
? Es ist mogfich, normale photographische bzw.
phgtometrische Einrichtu ngen zu verwenden.
tw?
D.ASME SS -
Alle Lzeferungsanfragetz surd an ,STAN-
KOIMPORT", Moskva, G-200, Smolens-
" Cknicz-Sininala Ploschad, 32-34 Z11 richtcn
4 4 r)
p 1.4
sind zwei Mikroskopen-Nlodelle
DAS VORWAHL-
MIKROSKOP
M B H - 9
? Die Erforschung der Eigenschaften der geladenen Tell-
chen von grof3en Energien nach deren Abweichung von
der Spurrichtung
? Die Messung von kleinen linearen Grof3en (Zehntel
von einem Mikron).
? Das Mikroskop besitzt eine Optik hochster Qualitiit
? Der-Objekttisch hat eine originelle Bauart und hohe
Geradlinigkeit der Verschiebung. Die Abweichung
abersteigt nicht 0,02 .Mikron auf einer Stredce von
-100 Mikron.
? Das Gerat ist mit einem Mehrzahl-Interferometer fur
die Kontrolle der Geradlinigkeit der Tischverschiebung
ausgeriistet, die A blesegenauigkeit betriigt 0,002 Mikron
? Die Vergrof3erung des Mikroskops ? von 50x bis
2000x.
? Die Abmessungen des Praparats ? von 25 80 mm bis
zu 150 150 mm.
? Die Konstruktion zeichnet sich durch hohe Bestandig-
keit gegeniker Temperaturschwankungen und Vibra-
tionen aus.
? Abmessungen, ? 1200 1400 750 mm. Gewicht ?
120 kg.
(?X
amia
sAt
tian
URI
EQEmi
L,L1
teolk
OP
t.3!&
4?)
UNA
46e)
Abtetlung der UdSSR auf der Allgemetnen Weltausstellung in Brussel 1958
Bile lump rumaT. ;la KIM Ai B367-26
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release . 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
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One of the sections of the Soviet Pavilion at the Brussels World Fair is devoted to health
protection in the USSR. Displays of up-to-date medical equipment, apparatuses, instru-
ments, diagrams, pictures and photographs speak eloquently of the tremendous strides
made by Soviet medicine in the course of its 40 years activity to protect the health of the
200,000,000 population of the country.
We would like the visitors, when inspecting the exhibits, to call to mind the comparatively
recent past of Russia and what Soviet medicine had to cope with from the start.
At the beginning of the 20th century (1910), Russia held the unenviable record for the rate
of mortality in Europe.
Though the birth rate in the country was very high (43.1 per 1,000 persons) its population
increased but slowly, being mercilessly mown down by disease. F. Erisman, outstanding
Russian hygienist, wrote in this connection: "The rapid succession of generations, which
is a direct result of a high birth rate and just as high a death rate can nowise be considered
favourable either from the sanitary or the economic point of view."
Health protection in Russia was "managed" by 20 different ministries and departments,
and even this shaky system was considerably undermined by the First World War.
THE STRUGGLE FOR THE PEOPLE'S HEALTH
Shortly after the Great October Socialist Revolution, the
troops of fourteen foreign states invaded Russia and, with the
help of the Russian Whiteguards, attempted to destroy the
young Soviet republic with fire and sword and deprive the
people of their revolutionary gains. Millions of people, the toil-
ing masses of Russia, took up arms and marched to the nume-
rous fronts to defend their right to a new life.
The war, economic ruin and famine gave rise to as unprece-
dented increase in the incidence of infectious diseases. In
1918 alone, 6.5 million cases of typhus and over three million
cases of recurrent typhus were registered in the country.
The stifling noose of epidemics threatened to strangle the
young republic. Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, the great leader of the
Soviet people, spoke loudly and vehemently of the grave danger,
calling to the people to rally to the defence of their country.
It was, however, very difficult to combat epidemics at a time
when, as Z. P. Solovyov,* an outstanding figure in the Soviet
medicine, wrote "we received as a heritage ... an indifferent
and hypocritical medical bureaucracy, the helpless ZEMSTVO
and urban medical service, and the weak shoots of working-
* Outstanding theoretician on Soviet health protection and first deputy of
the People's Commissar on health protection.
class medical service, besides the firm feeling that the country
was heading for degeneration."
The young Soviet republic had very few doctors ? about
26,000 in all. There was a shortage of hospital beds, medica-
ments and dressing materials.
Nevertheless, the Soviet government found a way out of this
grave situation. It appealed to the entire people to fight for
healthy conditions of life. It was decided to make prophylaxis
the basis of public health protection.
Article 120 of the Constitution of the USSR states:
"Citizens of the USSR have the right to maintenance in old
age and also in case of sickness or disability.
This right is ensured by the extensive development of social
insurance of industrial, office, and professional workers at
state expense, free medical service for the working people, and
the provision of a wide network of health resorts for the use of
the working people."
Today Soviet public health protection has developed into
a harmonious system of state and publicmeasures aimed
at prevention and treatment of diseases, providing Soviet
citizens with normal working and living conditions ca-
pable of ensuring high labour efficiency and longevity.
3
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Widespread sports activities in the Soviet Union make for better health of
the population. One of the favourite sports is skiing
The entire system of Soviet health protection is organized
in conformity with a single state plan, maintained on State funds
and directed from a single centre. This makes it possible
correctly to combine the development of public health system
with the progress in other branches of the national economy
and culture, and secure a steady and substantial increase in
state appropriations for the maintenance of medical and pro-
phylactic institutions and the implement of sanitary-prophy-
lactic measures.
State expenditures on public health
(millions of rubles)
1926/1927 1940
1951 1956 1957
660 11,200 26,400 34,600 38,000
The USSR Ministry of Public Health stands at the head of all
medical-prophylactic and medical research institutions of the
country. It also guides the activities of the public health minis-
tries in the union and autonomous republics, and through
them the activities of public health departments of the regional
and territorial Soviets of Working People's Deputies. The latter,
in their turn, direct the work of the public health departments
of the city and district Soviets of the Working People's Depu-
ties, which are in charge of all hospitals, polyclinics, women's
4
and children's consultation centres, nurseries and maternity
homes, sanitary and epidemiological stations, i.e., of the entire
medical network.
The USSR Academy of Medical Sciences is also subordinat-
ed to the USSR Ministry of Public Health.
The biggest and more important medical institutions and sana-
toriums are financed from the All-Union or republican budgets,
all the others receive funds from the regional, territorial, city or
district budgets.
Thanks to a single leadership and planning it was possible,
in the course of the past four decades, not only to build up a
vast network of hospitals, polyclinics, sanatoriums and dispen-
saries, but also to eliminate that baneful heritage of tsarism -
the disastrous backwardness of public health protection in
the non-Russian republics of the USSR. The following figures
eloquently testify to this:
No. of hospital
beds per 10000 of
the population
No. of doctors
per 10000 of the
population
1913 1956 1913 1956
Throughout the USSR 13 67 1.4 16
Tajik SSR 0.4 54 0.1 10
Kirghiz SSR
Turkmenian SSR
Uzbek SSR
Kazakh SSR
1
52
0.17
12
3
75
0.5
16
2
57
0.3
12
3
70
0.3
11
1
Every citizen in the USSR, irrespective of his trade, profession
or domicile, is entitled to free highly-qualified medical aid.
Even the ZEMSTVO (i.e., public) medical service - the most
progressive of all health institutions existing in pre-revolutionary
Russia and embracing the more advanced sections of the medi-
cal workers - was unable by far to provide the working people
with satisfactory medical aid.
Summarizing the results of the 50 years' activity of the
ZEMSTVO doctors, Z. Solovyov said: "The edifice of the
ZEMSTVO medical service, each stone of which speaks of the
energy expended by its builders ... stands uncompleted, wait-
ing for a real master to complete it in a worthy manner, making
use of the experience accumulated by its builders and enlisting
all vital and creative forces to accomplish the task."
Its real master, the socialist state, came at last and with un-
exampled generosity and on an unheard-of scale launched the
construction of all kind of medical institutions for the people.
The results of that activity are as follows: Today the country
has more than 24,000 hospitals, nearly 34,000 polyclinics and
out-patient departments, over 68,000 medical centres serviced
by assistant doctors, over 16,000 dispensaries, 19,000 medical
centres at enterprises and up to 4,000 sanatoriums and rest
homes. The whole of this tremendous network of medical and
prophylactic institutions, armed with up-to-date medical equip-
ment and staffed with highly-qualified personnel, is constantly
at the service of Soviet citizens and safeguards their health
and well-being.
The correct idea that prevention is simpler than cure is far
from new. As far back as 1761, the remarkable Russian scien-
tist Mikhail Lomonosov, speaking of epidemics, wrote that "all
sorts of measures must be resorted to in combating them. Steps
should be taken to put an end to that which has already com-
menced and prevent that which is about to come...."
"It is easier to prevent diseases than cure them," stated M.
Mudrov, an eminent Russian physician.
"The future belongs to preventive medicine," declared the
great surgeon and public figure N. Pirogov.
But these valuable ideas, uttered by progressive physicians
and scientists, more often that not had no practical effect, re-
maining part of pigeonholed scientific treatises and celebration
speeches. They went no further inasmuch as progressive ideas
are a radical contradiction of the basic principles of capitalism.
It was not in the interest of the tsarist government to spend
money on protecting the health of workers and peasants.
Moreover, there was actually no need to incur "extra" expen-
diture, considering that the employers always had at their dis-
posal thousands of unemployed ready to do any job that would
provide them with a livelihood. This contradiction was done
away with for the first time in history in October 1917, when
power in Russia passed into the hands of the working people.
Unfortunately, however, disease, that formidable heritage of
the past, did not disappear together with the tsarist autocracy.
And the people had to find within its own ranks the necessary
forces to combat this heritage.
From the first days of its existence the young socialist state
has been concerned not only with medical treatment of the sick,
but also with the problem of improving the health of the broad
masses of working people and eliminating the causes giving
rise to disease. Soviet sanitary legislation, labour protection
system, mother and child protection and numerous other meas-
ures have been introduced in our country to achieve these
humane goals.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29 ? CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011 6
The immense scale of housing construction, creation of a
wide network of restaurants and dining rooms, particularly of
dietetic public catering establishments and big allocations on
the improvement of cities, towns and rural communities are a
vivid manifestation of the Communist Party and Soviet Govern-
ment's concern for the health and well-being of the Soviet
people.
Suffice it to say that in the course of the sixth five-year plan
alone it is envisaged to build 328,000,000 square metres of floor
space, which represents a 1.8-fold increase over the total muni-
cipal floor space of tsarist Russia in 1913. In the past 11 years
(1946-1956) the collective farmers and rural intellectuals have
constructed 5,600,000 comfortable houses at their own expense
or with the help of state credits. The decision of the Central
Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the
Council of Ministers of the USSR on the Development of Hous-
ing Construction in the USSR envisages an expansion of build-
ing construction that will eliminate the housing shortage
within the next 10 or 12 years.
Despite the extremely difficult housing conditions of the
overwhelming majority of the working people before the Revo-
lution, the expenses of every working-class family on heating,
lighting and rent accounted for more than 20 per cent of its
monthly budget. Today rent and public services account for no
more than 4-5 per cent of a working-class family budget.
A recent investigation has shown that in 1956 the families of
workers employed in the textile mills of Leningrad, Noginsk and
Furmanov consumed twice as much meat and fats, 3112 times
more milk and dairy products and 2V4 times more sugar than
before the Revolution. At the same time the consumption of
bread and baked products decreased by 9 per cent. There has
been a commensurate increase in the consumption of the basic
food products by the families of the collective farmers in the
years of Soviet government.
During the years of Soviet power an extensive public catering
system has been created in our country in order to lighten the
woman's house duties. By the beginning of 1957 the Soviet
Union already had 126,000 restaurants, public dining rooms,
canteens and caf?- a figure representing an 8-fold increase
compared with 1928.
All these examples vividly show that the problem of improving
the sanitary, labour and living conditions of the Soviet people
is a matter of vital concern not only for our health protection
institutions. This lofty aim is achieved through diverse and
manifold activities carried on by our socialist state. Our trade
union, sport and physical culture organizations, whose mem-
bership runs into many millions, take an active part in the work
of improving the health conditions and living standards of the
Soviet people.
Visitors to the Soviet pavilion at the Brussels World Fair will
find data illustrative of the immense scale of work conducted
in our country in the field of laying out parks and orchards to
beautify our cities and villages, the creation of new waterways
and artificial reservoirs, the unflagging efforts to improve the
sanitary conditions of our towns and eliminate industrial and
other noises. All these measures are designed to help the doc-
tors in their fight against diseases and their root causes.
It should be emphasized that all the achievements scored by
the Soviet public health system are to be attributed primarily
to radical changes that have taken place in the life of our people
in the country's economy and culture over the past four de-
cades. The steady improvement in the material well-being of
the masses, reduction of the working day, elimination of un-
employment, extensive rationalization of production and many
5
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`-\
other factors have exerted a beneficent influence on the physical
development and the decline of disease and mortality rate
among the population.
It was in the early revolutionary years that the slogan was born,
which in brief form expresses one of the principal characteris-
tics of health protection in the Soviet Union, and which, inci-
dentally, discloses one of the "secrets" of its success: "Pro-
tection of the health of the working people is the job of the work-
ing people themselves!"
It was then too that more expedient ways of mobilizing the
masses to improve their working and living conditions were
found. Numerous health protection organizations were set
up, among them public health sections in the local Soviets,
branches of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Society at enter-
prises, insurance councils, hygiene commissions, etc. As time
passed, these grew and developed. Mass campaigns were con-
ducted to improve public services and hygiene in the cities and
rural areas, sanitary posts and groups appeared at factories,
plants and collective farms, people's auxiliary councils were
organized at medical and prophylactic institutions, etc.
An apparatus for suturing blood vessels was recently invented by a group
of Soviet doctors and engineers. The aid this apparatus affords the surgeon
is immeasurable. Its application significantly expands the surgeon's possi-
bilities, particularly in avoiding amputations in cases where they would have
been inevitable previously
In evolving new methods of treating human beings experiments on
animals are of great importance. Here you see Dr. V. P. Demikhov
operating on a dog?implanting a second heart?in the clinic of the
Moscow First Medical Institute V
Dr. V. P Demikhov examines the diplo-
cardiac dog regularly ?
Soviet industry produces complicated medical
devices and equipment. The illustrations show the
"artificial heart" apparatus by means of which
blood circulation by-passes the heart during
cardiosurgerY, and the application of this apparatus
during such an operation
In order to further enlist public participation in combating
diseases, extensive measures were launched to spread knowl-
edge of hygiene throughout the country. Articles appeared in
journals, newspapers, booklets, and posters were put out, lec-
tures and talks were delivered by doctors and broadcast over
the radio. All these taught the people how to keep well, how to
protect themselves and their children from disease and how
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'1
3'
properly to organize their work, leisure and nutrition. Physi-
cians tirelessly teach the masses to take care of their health.
it
Tsarist Russia had only a few medical faculties and medical
research institutions. Today on the territory of the USSR there
are 77 higher medical institutions graduating physicians and
pharmacists and 225 medical research institutes. The USSR
Academy of Medical Sciences is a gigantic complex research
institution embracing thirty research institutes with a staff of
about 10,000.
Science in the Soviet Union is developing in accordance with
a single plan and is financed by the state. This makes it possible
to concentrate the efforts of scientists in all branches of knowl-
edge on the solution of the most urgent and vital problems for
the benefit of the people. Soviet science, including medical
science, is indeed serving the people
Soviet scientists are accorded the greatest honour and respect
and they readily devote their knowledge and talents to the ad-
vancement of science, the selfless and faithful servant of the
people.
The year 1957 has seen many fresh proofs of the remarkable
progress and great achievements of Soviet Science. Suffice
it to mention the successful launching of the artificial satellites.
We could cite a long list of examples reflecting the vast prog-
ress made by medical science in the USSR. We will, however,
confine ourselves to a brief outline of the uses made of nuclear
energy in curing and detecting various maladies.
Radioactive isotopes have opened up broad vistas to Soviet
medicine. Making use of special radiation counters, i. e., radio-
meters, doctors in hundreds of hospitals and polyclinics of our
country are able to watch the behaviour of various radioactive
substances in the human organism. Some of these are char-
8
Large X-ray doses may
now be applied to deep.
lying tumours without
harm to the healthy tis-
sues, by means of an ap-
paratus for deep rotation-
al roentgenotherapy with
a mobile source of radia-
tion Many medical facili-
ties are equipped with
such devices
acterized by the fact that they concentrate in diseased tissues
such as tumours. This aids the early diagnosis of malignant
growths and hence their timely treatment.
Many Soviet medical institutions are equipped with electron-
ic-optical transformers which increase the clarity of an X-ray
picture hundreds of times, thus considerably facilitating the
correct diagnosis of a number of ailments.
Soviet physicians have found radioactive iodine extremely
effective in treating thyroid gland disorders. The Soviet medical
industry manufactures various gamma-ray apparatuses, charged
with radioactive cobalt, cesium and europium. These are
used in treating cancer and a number of other diseases. Accord-
ing to US press comments Soviet medical institutions use
three times as many gamma-ray installations as those of the
USA.
Certain tumours are located deep within the human organism
and it is therefore difficult to irradiate them without impairing
the adjacent healthy tissues. In such cases, gamma-ray appa-
ratuses of intricate design are being used in Soviet hospitals,
with a mobile source of gamma-rays.
The above is far from a complete description of the uses made
of nuclear energy in the Soviet Union for the treatment and de-
tection of many diseases.
Many branches of Soviet public health services have already
overtaken and some have outstripped the more advanced capi-
talist countries, which tsarist Russia hopelessly lagged behind
forty years ago.
In 1913, Russia ranked first for the number of deaths per 1,000
of the population. In 1956, the death rate in the USSR was the
lowest in the world.
Atomic energy in health service. Studying the effects of anti-
biotics by means of radioactive isotopes (USSR Academy of
Medical Sciences Tuberculosis Institute)
General mortality rate in the Soviet Union is now four times
and child mortality six times below the pre-revolutionary level.
The average life span of the Soviet people is steadily increasing
and at present reaches 67 years, which represents a more than
twofold increase in the average life span of the population inhab-
iting pre-revolutionary Russia.
Disease among the people has sharply declined. A number
of acute infectious diseases, such as the plague, cholera, small-
pox, recurrent typhus, etc., has been eliminated completely.
Cases of typhoid have been reduced 11-fold, malaria ? 330-
Surgery clinic of the
Moscow Second Medi-
cal Institute. Dr. V. Sa-
velyev is probing the
patient's heart under
the control of a vector-
electrocardioscope
told. Malaria, which but recently greatly impaired the health of
the population, will soon be a thing of the past in the USSR.
It must be added that the quantitative increase of the
population, the decline in disease and mortality incidence in
the USSR, is accompanied by another important process ? a
rapid and noticeable improvement in the health of the people.
This is particularly evident in children.
Very indicative are the results obtained by members of the
Institute of Pediatrics when comparing the weight, height and
chest measurements of children, taken in 1937 and 1956 in
Moscow.
Thus, the average weight of one-month-old boys in 1937
was equal to 4,010 gr., and in 1956 ? 4,088 gr.; the average
weight of six-month-old boys in 1937 was 7,650 gr. and in 1956
? 8,166 gr., and of one-year-old boys ? 9,843 gr. and 10,500 gr.
respectively.
The average height of one-month-old girls in 1937 was 528.8
mm and in 1956 ? 532.6 mm; of one-year-old girls ? 728.4 and
740.2 mm respectively.
The average increase in the chest measurements of one-
month-old boys during that period was 8.8 mm and of one-
year-old boys ? 21 mm.
The average weight of two-year-old boys in 1936 was 12,020
gr., the 1956 figure showing an increase of 692 gr. The average
weight of girls of the same age increased by 434 gr.
In 1885 a 12-year-old boy weighed on an average 30 kg, in
1934 ? 32 kg, and in 1953 ? 35.4 kg. The showings of 14-year-old
girls were 41 kg in 1934 and 42.2 kg in 1953.
We could cite many more convincing facts and figures which
substantiate the general conclusion: thatthe methods employed
in the USSR to protect the health of the people have proved
correct, their expediency and high effectivity having been con-
firmed by that strict, objective and honest judge ? life itself!
9
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-N.
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ALL THE BEST - FOR THE MOTHER AND CHILD!
Here are some statistics taken from old
records: In 1913, 273 out of every 1,000
newly-born infants died before their first
birthday arrived. This figure was four
times that of other European states. Nor
was it surprising, for out of 7,000,000
women who gave birth that year, only
5.2 per cent were rendered medical aid.
Innocent victims of a monstrous state
system."
The years of the Soviet Government
have seen the establishment of a well-
organized state system of medical aid
to mothers, enabling them to take full
advantage of the rights ensured them
by the Soviet Constitution. This, of
The decree concerning urgent meas-
ures on mother-and-child protection,
issued by the Soviet Government on
December 28, 1917, contained the follow-
ing grievous lines: "Two millions of
infant lives, hardly come into the
world, expired every year in Russia
due to the backwardness and igno-
rance of the oppressed people, and the
indifference and inertia of the class
state. Two million griefstricken mothers
shed bitter tears every year on Russian
soil, burying in early graves with their
work-worn hands the needlessly-lost
10
course, is only natural, for women play
an important part in all branches of
the national economy and culture of
our country.
In 1956, 45 per cent of all factory and
office workers, and 85 per cent of the
medical personnel in the USSR were
women. In 1913, only 10 per cent of all the
doctors in Russia were women, whereas
in 1956 the percentage rose to 75. Women
constitute nearly 91 per cent of all doc-
tor's assistants, midwives and medical
nurses in the country.
A group of American tourists on a re-
cent visit to Leningrad inspected the In-
stitute of Traumatology and Orthopedics.
One of the tourists, a doctor, asked
whether there was no restriction on the
number of women employed in Soviet
medical institutions. From the answer
he gathered that that particular institute
was headed by a woman professor
V. Balakina. Later, when they visited the
Leningrad Neurosurgical Institute, they
learned that three of the institute' d six
departments were headed by women
scientists.
The fact that women hold numerous
executive posts in the country is no long-
er a novelty in the Soviet Union.
Now we will tell you about health pro-
tection for mothers in the Soviet Union.
An extensive network of mel,ernity
homes and consultation centres has been
established in the urban and rural locali-
ties of the Soviet Union with the main
object of fully preparing the woman for
motherhood and of safeguarding the
health of the new generation.
Every such consultation centre Is a
veritable school and mainstay for the,
expectant mother. Here women are given
expert advice on how to conduct them-
selves during pregnancy to ensure nor-
mal confinement, and are rendered all
medical attention necessary.
On the average, each future mother
sees her doctor at the consultation cen-
tre, not less than 6-8 times. In their turn,
the doctors and nurses visit the expec-
tant mother at home to acquaint them-
selves with theirliving conditions, improve
these when necessary, explain to her
folks the care she needs and teach her
the proper way of feeding, bathing and
swaddling an infant. In case any irreg-
ularities are observed in her condition,
the doctors and nurses pay more fre-
quent visits to her home and if the woman
falls ill, the consultation centre arranges
for her transfer to a hospital or a special
sanatorium or rest home for expectant
mothers.
In addition to the annual state-paid va-
cations, factory and office women work-
ers are entitled to maternity leave of 112
days before and after confinement.
Collective farm mothers, too, are entitled
4
In the Women's Consultation Centre at the
Tashkent Textile Mills (Uzbek SSR). Psycho-
prophylactic preparation for childbirth
A ward in the Moscow Maternity Home No. 4
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Every mother brings her child to the
Children's Consultation Centre for
regular examination
tricians and about 80,000 midwives, main-
tained at state expense.
Soviet doctors have been working per-
sistently on the introduction of painless
childbirth. Prior to 1951, efforts were
made to render childbirth painless by
pharmacological means. Today, a new
method?the psycho-prophylactic meth-
od of painless childbirth has been worked
out and is widely applied In mater-
nity hospitals. The principal feature of
this method consists in convincing the
expectant mother that delivery is a pro-
foundly physiological act, preparing her
psychologically for every phase of the
process and teach her some of the pain-
less methods.
Here is what I. Kosoi, doctor at the
Stupino rural consultation centre (Mos-
cow Region) tells about this method. At
first not only expectant mothers, but many
doctors themselves had no trust in the
psycho-prophylactic method of painless
childbirth. It was therefore necessary to
arrange a series of lectures for doctors,
followed by six-month courses for mid-
wives and special studies for nurses.
Beginning with the first visit of the
pregnant woman to the consultation, the
doctor acquaints himself thoroughly with
the individual characteristics of the pa-
tient. He does everything to make her feel
? .7' -1
Twins Sasha, Natasha and Roman T. (Moscow). The State helped their parents to bring '
them up: the family was provided with a better flat; a trained nurse, specially appointed,
observes constantly the health of the children who receive food free of charge from the
milk-kitchen according to the instructions of the doctor; the mother received a more
lengthy than ordinarily paid leave, etc.
to this leave. During this extra maternity
leave, the woman draws her full average
wages. To make things easier for the
expectant and nursing mothers they may
be transferred to jobs nearer home. It is
also strictly forbidden by law to dismiss
pregnant women, to put them on night
work or overtime beginning with the
fourth month of pregnancy.
The consultation doctors, nurses and
lawyers see to it that these lawful rights
of women are strictly observed.
The number of maternity homes in the
Soviet Union are increasing from year
to year. In 1913, there were altogether
7,500 beds in the maternity hospitals of
the European part of Russia. Now there
are 143,000 beds available to expectant
mothers, and in addition, nearly 30,000
beds in collective-farm maternity homes
and at lying-in centres serviced by doc-
tor's assistants and midwives.
In 1956, nearly 100 per cent of the con-
finement cases in Soviet towns and 90
per cent in rural areas proceeded under
the supervision of medical personnel.
For this purpose are available over 21,000
obstetricians, 65,000 assistant obste-
In the Children's Consultation Centre
children receive quartz treatment as a
prevention against rickets
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PeoPit Witte to the t aUcasian coast of the black Sea from all parts of the
US tft td ffitt end (Wove their health. The photograph shows the children
brw6fitef 1K; who tame with theft parents from the Urals when their father
wil? bit leave.
at home and set her fears at rest, and then
proceeds with the preconfinement course
of training. The expectant mother also
undergoes a thorough examination by a
nerve specialist.
At the Stupino rural maternity home
69 per cent of the births were painless
and 24 per cent of the cases were parti-
ally painless.
This institution in Stupino is not an
exceptional one, being cited as a model.
However, judge for yourself. In the USSR
today 60 per cent of childbirths in cities
and 44 per cent in rural areas are pain-
less. In some republics this rate is even
higher. Take the Lithuanian SSR, for in-
stance, where 85 per cent of the child-
births in cities and over 75 per cent in
villages are rendered painless. Approxi-
mately the same level is attained in the
Estonian, Ukrainian and Uzbek Soviet
Socialist Republics.
Scientists are indefatigable and per-
sistent in their efforts to make childbirth
free from all danger and to eliminate all
possible complications. The most com-
mon cause of stillbirth in the past was
asphyxia of the foetus, or suffocation.
Prof. L. Persianinov of the Minsk Medical
Institute, who made a thorough study of
this complication, has armed physicians
with a new method of combating internal
asphyxia. The essence of this method
is to improve the supply of oxygen to the
mother's organism, and, of course, to
the foetus. This method has already been
successfully tested. At the Minsk clinic
alone dozens of infants brought into the
world in a state of suffocation have been
revived.
Lately another method likewise worked
out by Soviet scientists?that of prevent-
ing internal asphyxia, is being applied in
practice.
Associates of the Laboratory of Experi-
mental Physiology of the USSR Academy
of Medical Sciences have put forward
a composite method of reviving infants
born In a state of clinical death. An
original method of treating toxic condi-
tions during pregnancy (magnesian meth-
od) has been introduced at maternity
homes. Another widely-applied measure
is the transfusion of conserved blood.
Soviet scientists are now closer than
ever to the solution of such a major
problem as the prevention of premature
birth. It has been established, for exam-
ple, that the condition of the central
nervous system is of great significance
In this connection, and that an important
part is played by the hormone of corpus
luteum. This new data has served as the
basis of an effective method which is
often instrumental in forestalling prema-
ture parturition, thus considerably lower-
ing the incidence of spontaneous mis-
carriages and stillbirth.
In tsarist Russia the rate of women's
deaths in childbirth was 1:100. In the
USSR, the 1955 figure was 1:1,450. The
past ten years have seen a 50-60 per cent
drop in cases of eclampsia, one of the
chief causes of stillbirth.
In the normal confinement case, the
mother has no temperature, feels well
and may be discharged from the mater-
nity home in 8-10 days. But medical care
of the infant does not end there. It is
taken over by the doctors of the local
children's consultation centre. It is taken
for granted that the services are offered
free of charge.
A specially trained nurse from the Children's Con-
sultation Centre instructs young parents in looking
after their first-born
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In the kindergarten for children of the
employees of the "Krasny Textil-
shchik" Mill (Serpukhov)
Holidays are a happy time for the
children! The New Year's Tree in
the Zaporozhstal Plant kindergarten
(Ukrainian SSR)
The highly-ramified network of over
7,000 children's consultation centres,
with their capable personnel, ensures the
prompt discernment and treatment of the
slightest indispositions affecting infants.
Whenever necessary, the section pedia-
trician may arrange for a consultation
with any specialist and may place the
child in hospital.
Here is another feature that should be
stressed: the section pediatrician and
nurse of the children's consultation cen-
tre visit not only sick children requiring
special care, but also children in sound
health. These are examined regularly and
kept under observation as to weight,
height and general development. The
mother always knows when her child
should be cutting his teeth, if there are
any symptoms of rickets, etc.
The consultation centre devotes special
attention to the correct feeding of nursing
infants. This is greatly facilitated by the
extensive network of milk kitchens, where
mothers may obtain, on the doctor's
prescription, additional foods for their
babies.
The Soviet food industry is also pro-
ducing special food mixtures for infants.
This enables millions of Soviet mothers
a
to give their babies the required addition-
al foods without spending time on pre-
paring them.
There is a vast network of institutions
for children in the USSR. In 1956 nearly
a million children were accommodated in
permanent nurseries. In addition, over
2,300,000 children stayed at seasonal nur-
series in rural areas, over 1,700,000 in
kindergartens and 700,000 attended chil-
dren's health playgrounds.
Children generally stay at nurseries
from 10 to 11 hours daily. Many nurseries
have groups where children are cared for
14-15 hours a day so that their mothers
are free to go to the cinema, museum or
carry on social work, etc., after working
hours. Where mothers work on night
shift or where home conditions are un-
favourable, arrangements are made for
nurseries to work a 24-hour cycle.
In the first years of life, the child's
development is very rapid. According to
Soviet scientists, this is governed not so
much by the innate qualities of the
organism but by the environment in which
the child spends its early years. The
child is moulded by the impressions
which it receives or, as Academician
I. Pavlov put it, by external stimuli. That
is why the nursery personnel pays such
Air baths in the Forest School No. 5
(Tuchkovo, Moscow region). Here
children receive school tuition under
conditions facilitating full recovery of
health
In the kindergarten be-
longing to the Kansk Cot-
ton Mills (Krasnoyarsk
Territory, Siberia)
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A general view of "Artek"?one of the largest health resorts for children
on the southern shores of the Crimea. Children from all parts of the
USSR come here to rest
marked attention to the child's contact
with adults and to the creation of an
environment and activities conducive to
the acquisition of useful habits and
practices.
TheSixthFive-YearPlan envisagesa more
than 250 percent increase in thecountry's
nursery network. Excellent premises are
being provided for new children's health
institutions. By decision of the govern-
ment, organizations, which are building
large industrial enterprises, are obliged
to erect along with the workshops, pre-
mises for kindergartens (with 15 places
per 100 women employed) and for nur-
series (with 12 places per 100 women
employed). In building large apartment
houses, a certain percentage of the floor
space must likewise be set aside for
children's institutions. State allocations
for nursery construction alone in the
period of 1956-60 come to 2,600 million
rubles.
Another indication of the solicitude for
children in the Soviet Union are the
special health measures extensively car-
ried out every summer. As soon as school
closes millions of Soviet children leave
the towns for comfortable country hous-
es, Pioneer camps, etc.
In 1956 nearly six million children and
youths spent their summer vacations in
young pioneer camps, children's sana-
toriums, tourist camps or summer cot-
tages belonging co various institutions.
TheArtekAll-UnionPioneerCamp locat-
ed in a picturesque spot in the Crimea,
on the shore of the Black Sea, caters to
school children from all parts of the
Soviet Union and from other countries
all the year round.
Despite all measures taken to keep
children fit and well, they do sometimes
fall ill. Here too the state comes to the
aid of the family.
The following incident occurred in the
family of E. Fokin, an instructor at a
vocational school in Ludinovo. His thir-
teen-month-old son Sasha suddenly
began to suffocate. The frightened par-
ents rushed the child to the polyclinic
where Dr. Kuralova did everything pos-
sible, without, however, essentially aiding
him. The child was promptly dispatched
"Artek." After a swim in the sea
re.
by air ambulance to a Moscow clinic.
Complicated medical apparatuses and
the help of a highly qualified specialist
in laryngology were needed to save the
boy's life. Late that evening, Sasha,
barely alive, arrived at the Filatov Hospi-
tal where Prof. I. Shcherbatov, hastily
summoned from home, performed an
urgent operation. The child quickly re-
covered and his parents took him home.
This by no means unusual occurrence
clearly reflects the great concern of both
the state and the people for the children
of Soviet land. Just think how many per-
sons took part, and with what enthusiasm
and disinterestedness, in saving little
Sasha's life, and how much money was
spent by the state. The boy's parents
didn't have to pay for the services of the
doctors, for plane transportation, nor for
their son's treatment during his stay at
the hospital.
Here is another example. In Kherson
Region, the Ukraine, lives a collective
farmer Romanyuk. As a result of an acci-
dent his four-month-old son Vanya
suffered burns of the abdomen and thigh.
The child was rushed to the Golopris-
tansky district hospital where the doctors
took prompt measures to save him. But
Vanya's condition became worse and
worse. There was only one thing left to
do?graft new skin to the affected part.
But where were they to get it?
"My little countryman must not die,"
declared Doctor Askold Lukyanchenko.
A few minutes later Surgeon A. Buly-
cheva had transplanted to the little patient
a piece of skin removed from the doctor's
leg. The child was soon out of danger
and improving rapidly.
Can there be any other explanation for
Doctor Lukyanchenko's action than that
of noble impulse? It should be borne in
mind that it was not prompted by any
selfish motives.
We know, of course, that every country
has its own kind-hearted, self-sacrificing
people ready for any exploit to save
human life. But our socialist society so
thoroughly purges human relationships
of pettiness and self-interest, as to create
a fertile soil for heroism and self-sacrifice
on a mass scale.
The tremendous solicitude of the state
for mother and child is yielding wonderful
results. At the 20th Congress of the
Communist Party of the Soviet Union,
N. S. Khrushchov stated that during the
Fifth Five-Year Plan the net growth in
population in the USSR came to 16.3 mil-
lions. In other words, the population of
our country was augmented in 5 years
to the extent of the combined total po-
pulation of Sweden, Norway and Finland.
The USSR occupies at present a leading
place i n the world f or growth of population.
"Artek." An excursion to the ruins of an ancient
Genoa fortress in Gurzuf
ohd_
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- MEDICINE IN SOVIET TOWNS
The years of Soviet rule have seen a
nearly fourfold increase in the urban
population of the country. Out of 200 mil-
lion citizens in the USSR, 87 million (or
43.4 per cent) reside in towns.
In 1913 Russia had only 666 towns.
During the first ten years of Soviet power
the number of towns increased but
slightly, amounting to 709 in 1926.
The high rate of socialist industrial-
ization has had its effect on the scope
of city construction: between 1926 and
1957 618 new towns have made their
appearance in the Soviet Union?almost
as many as there were before the Revolu-
tion. There appeared such big industrial
centres as Karaganda, Magnitogorsk,
Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Stalinogorsk,
Angarsk, and many others.
The new cities radically differ from the
old ones. Their development is well
planned in order to obviate the usual
defects and shortcomings which are a
source of discomfort and inconvenience.
A graphic example is provided by the
new socialist town of Angarsk. Its first
apartment house was placed at the dis-
posal of residents in the autumn of 1949;
today the town already has hundreds of
handsome residential blocks, two cine-
mas, a mechanical bakery, a hospital
centre, several nurseries and kindergar-
tens, etc. All the food shops and dining-
rooms are equipped with modern-type
refrigerators. The streets are straight and
wide, the pavements are asphalted. Half
of the city's territory is occupied by parks
and gardens. The daily consumption of
water in this young Soviet city (350 litres
per capita) is higher than that of many
large European cities and capitals.
The distance separating the apartment
houses gives wide access of forest air
into the apartments.
The original method of utilizing and
purifying phenol waters discharged by the
town's industrial establishments into the
Angara is regarded by specialists as one
of the best in the world.
Angarsk is a smokeless town. Powerful
electrostatic precipitators collect up to
95 per cent of the ashes and smoke dis-
charged into the air by heating plants.
All apartments are provided with gas
supply.
Considerable progress in city improve-
ment and planting greenery has been
made by Elektrostal, Stalinogorsk, Kom-
somolsk-on-Amur, and other towns.
Guests from foreig n countries, who have
paid visits to Moscow, Leningrad, Stalin-
grad, Kiev, Tashkent and hundreds of
other old Russian cities during the past
few years, have repeatedly expressed
their sincere admiration for the immense
scope of work carried on in these cities
in the field of improvement, reconstruc-
tion and planting of greenery. It has been
established, for instance, that the average
annual dust concentration in Moscow has
decreased. fourfold in the past decade.
As many as 454 installations for absorb-
ing ashes, dust and gases are in opera-
tion at Moscow's plants and factories.
All electric power stations in Moscow
are equipped with powerful ash-catching
Polyclinic of the Tashkent Textile
Mills (Uzbek SSR)
devices. Each passing year witnesses
a substantial increase in the amount of
water consumed by Moscow's popula-
tion. The area occupied by parks and
boulevards is likewise steadily expanding.
Medical attention being absolutely free
and disease prevention having been
adopted as a leading principle in medi-
cine, Soviet doctors applied themselves
energetically to improving the organiza-
tion of public health protection in towns.
Every city resident can consult a doctor
free of charge at the first sign of illness,
by telephoning to or registering person-
ally at the polyclinic for an appointment.
He is then referred, not to any doctor
who happens to be available at that time,
but to his own section therapeutist.
It should be pointed out that each town
is divided up into medical sections, de-
Ambulance Emergency Aid Station in
Alma-Ata (Kazakh SSR)
pending on the number of residents. The
people in each section are served by the
section doctor. The section therapeutist
Is, as a rule, well aquainted with the
residents of his section. The doctor is
assisted by a nurse, who is also assigned
to the particular section. The doctor
renders medical service to patients not
only at the polyclinic but at home. Sani-
tary conditions of the particular section
are likewise under his supervision, as is
also the dissemination of a knowledge
of hygiene.
In order to improve medical service,
the size of the medical sections in towns
is being steadily decreased. In 1946 there
were 10,000 urban sections as compared
with 17,000 in 1955. This has also served
to promote prophylactic work and has
brought the doctor still closer to the
people. An indirect indication of this is
the following: in 1940, city residents of
the Soviet Union paid 395 million visits
to doctors, while in 1956 their visits
numbered 610 million; moreover this was
not occasioned by an increase in sick
incidence.
The data displayed on the stands of
the Brussels World Fair convincingly
show that disease is steadily on the
decline in the USSR. Why then had the
number of visits to polyclinics nearly
doubled?
Because today the town resident goes
to the polyclinic not only when he is
indisposed, but also to get advice of a
general nature. Say, a person is about
to travel to the south, to the Black Sea,
for a holiday, or he has decided to go
on a long-distance hiking tour, why not
drop in to see the doctor and inquire
about possible affects on the health by
the radical change of climate or the
physical strain involved. Or a person
notices that he is putting on too much
weight and wants the doctor's advice
on a suitable diet. All he has to do is
telephone for an appointment. Millions
of people today visit their polyclinic just
to check up on their health condition.
This service entails no expense to him.
Thus, the ideas of prophylaxis embrace
millions of people and become a major
factor in improving the health of the
population and in effectively combating
diseases.
Worthy of mention is the fact that the
doctor does not work in isolation in his
section or consulting-room at the poly-
clinic. If there is a need he may promptly
call upon the neuropathologist, X-ray
specialist, surgeon or other specialist for
consultations. Or, if the patient is able
to get about, the doctor refers him per-
sonally to the needed specialist.
This system of medical aid has been
repeatedly praised by many foreign
visitors.
I. Fisher, a section doctor of London,
said that the work of the doctors in the
hospital, clinic or section was based on
a good progressive system. Things were
done differently in Britain. The overwhelm-
ing majority of British doctors were
general practitioners. They had their own
consulting rooms and worked a& practis-
ing doctors, with the difference that
they were paid by the state. In the Soviet
Union, she said, specialists of different
qualification worked together amiably.
She had never seen that kind of thing
before. She liked the system very much
where the therapeutist could have imme-
diate consultations with other specialists.
For years the town polyclinics had
functioned separately from the hospitals.
As a result the doctors saw their patients
only in the first stage of illness and for
some time lost contact with them as soon
as they went into hospital. On the other
hand, the hospital doctors were con-
fronted with patients whose illness was
The district doctor and a consulting specialist
visit their patient, a worker of the Moscow "Ham-
mer and Sickle" Plant, at his home
The patient was in need of an electrocardiogram. It was performed at
her bedside by medical workers of the district polyclinic (Kalinin)
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in an advanced stage and, of course,
they were not acquainted with the
first period of the case. This had a ne-
gative effect on the quality of the treat-
ment.
A new form of organization, therefore,
had to be found, making it possible for
the same doctor to examine and treat
the patient from the onset of the illness
until complete recovery. Hospitals and
polyclinics were amalgamated in 1947.
The doctor now works in his section
and in the hospital as well; he has wider
access to consultations with specialists
and to the latest methods of diagnosis
and treatment. The reorganization has
yielded good results; there has been a
marked improvement in the skill of the
doctors and in diagnosing.
The dispensary system of medical care
is attaining ever wider proportions in the
USSR. This service extends to groups
of healthy people, as well as patients
who require constant observation and
regular treatment, such as persons af-
flicted with tuberculosis, rheumatism,
hypertension, stomach and duodenal ul-
cers, all types of cardio-vascular dis-
orders, mental derangements, etc. When
a town resident is registered for dis-
pensary service, he is kept under the
constant observation of the polyclinic
personnel, his blood pressure is meas-
ured regularly, his temperature watched,
the necessary laboratory tests made
from time to time, electrocardiograms
taken, etc. The patient is called regularly
for medical examination, and if neces-
sary, sent to a hospital.
One day V. Androsov, who works for
the Azmorneftstroi, found a letter on his
table when he came home from work.
"Dear Comrade Androsov," it read,
"You are requested to come to Poly-
clinic No. 3, in Baku, for a medical exami-
nation. This will help us to ascertain the
condition of your health and prescribe
any treatment that may be necessary.
(Signed) Asadova, Head Doctor."
Androsov was surprised by this un-
expected summons. He seemed to be
feeling all right, no complaints. Except,
of course, for that leg of his which both-
ered him occasionally. "It'll pass," he
thought. But his family insisted: "If
they're asking you to come, you've got to
go and have yourself examined."
Surgeon S. Alidjanly examined An-
drosov thoroughly then he explained
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why Androsov's leg hurt from the cold
and what makes him limp after a long
walk.
"This should not be neglected," the
doctor advised him. "You must undergo
treatment."
And several days later Androsov was
sent to a hospital.
If the reader could visit this polyclinic
in Baku, which, incidentally, in no way
differs from thousands of other such in-
stitutions, he would witness many inter-
esting scenes.
R. Abdullayeva, a housewife, rarely
comes to see a doctor. "I'm not working
and do not need a certificate of sick
leave,"* she announced when she came
rather unwillingly to the'polyclinic in res-
ponse to their call. Yet when Dr. N. Mar-
tirosova asked her how she was feeling,
Abdullayeva told her that lately the ordi-
nary housework had become unusually
tiring, and that fast walking made her
short of breath, something she had not
noticed before. The doctor diagnosed
the ailment and advised the patient to
visit the polyclinic regularly for treatment,
and to strictly adhere to the prescribed
regimen.
Vlasova, a factory worker, who came
in response to a similar invitation, asked
the doctor for some powders to relieve
her frequent headaches and dizziness.
After a careful examination Dr. A. Grish-
manovsky found that the patient had high
blood pressure with symptoms herald-
ing the onset of hypertension. He ar-
ranged for the necessary treatment and
also had the patient transferred to lighter
work.
In the Baku Polyclinic No.3 alone over
2,000 patients received all-round dispen-
sary service. Nearly 5,000 X-ray photo-
graphs, laboratory tests and electro-
cardiograms have been made for them.
At the entrance to this polyclinic hangs
a placard reading: "Take care of your
health! Come to the polyclinic for medical
examination!"
Medicine has made big strides in the
past few years and the general practi-
tioner or "all-round doctor" is no longer
able to satisfy the growing demands of
? This certificate gives working people the right
to sick leave and to payment for all days off from
work out of social insurance funds which are made
up of state allocations and deductions from In-
dustrial, cooperative and other enterprises and
institutions. The trade unions are in charge of
the social Insurance funds.
the population. For successful treatment
and prevention of disease we now need
the specialist who has made a thorough
study of a specific branch of medicine.
It is not enough now to make beds
available in general hospitals, speciali-
zation is needed here as well. The hospi-
tal doctor must be armed with all modern
technical equipment and have specially
trained assistants.
Hence specialization has become the
general line of development in Soviet
health protection. The following figures
testify tothe achievements in this connec-
tion: In 1940 there were nearly 141,000
doctors inthe USSR, whereas in 1957their
number (exclusive of dentists) increased
to over 346,000. The general practitioner
is gradually disappearing, to be replaced
by rapidly-growing forces of specialists
in various branches of medicine. For
example, the number of surgeons in 1940
was 11,207, while in 1956 their number
increased to 29,712; the number of pedia-
tricians increased respectively from
17,318 to 40,124, etc.
The hospital network is undergoing a
similar process. During the Fifth Five-
Year Plan period alone (1951-1955), the
number of hospital beds for therapeutic
cases increased 50 per cent, surgical
cases 23 per cent, gynecological cases
31 per cent; at the same time the number
of beds in general departments decrea-
sed 23 per cent. Thus patients are now
accommodated in specialized hospital
departments where the personnel, daily
routine and equipment are adapted to the
treatment of a particular disease.
A serious handicap to the develop-
ment of health protection in any capi-
talist country is the cost of medical ser-
vice. As soon as a patient begins to feel
better he leaves the hospital upon the
slightest opportunity, because accom-
modation, medicine and service must
be paid for!
In the Soviet Union a different situation
prevails. A person is kept in hospital
until his health is completely restored.
Although Soviet doctors have at their
disposal many new and extremely effec-
tive preparations and methods of treat-
ment, the average stay in hospital is being
extended. For instance, in 1950, the
average hospital stay of a therapeutic
patient was 15 days, whereas in 1956 it
already came to 16 days. Throughout
their stay the patients receive medical
service and board at the expense of the
state.
THE BUILDING
INDUSTRY WORKERS' POLYCLINIC
(MOSCOW)
Having examined his patient, the
district physician found it neces-
sary to have a blood test and X-ray
performed and to send the patient
for further advice to two specialists
?a stomatologist and a laryngolo-
gist
In the laboratory A
In the X-ray room
At the stomatologist's
At the laryngologist's
On the advice of the throat
specialist the patient N. re-
ceives inhalation treatment in
the polyclinic
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Professor V. A. Negovsky has evolved a
method of revivification after apparent
death. In many cases the patient is re-
turned to life several minutes after the so-
called "clinical death" has occurred, i. e.,
after both breathing and heart-beat have
stopped
Natasha was stillborn. In the
Maternity Home Dr. K. A. Pshe-
nitsina applied the revivification
method and saved the child.
Here you see Natasha N. with
her mother
The famous Soviet ophthalmolo-
gist V. P. Filatov worked out a
method for cornea transplanta-
tion in eyet affected by cata-
racts. The application of this
method returned sight to thous-
ands of blind people. Here you
see Dr. Filatov and a former
patient of his?a participant in
the last world war, now an ex-
cavator operator?whose vision
was returned
It must be borne in mind that this ap-
plies not to thousands but to millions of
people. In 1956 over 29 million people
were given medical aid in urban hospitals
alone.
Here are a few of these hospital cases.
In May 1956 Petya Lebedev suddenly
took ill. That very morning this tireless
youngster of six had been running about
and playing. But towards evening he lost
consciousness and his nearly lifeless
body was wracked by convulsions. His
parents took the boy to the Ulyanovsk
Hospital. The doctors tried to find the
cause of the convulsions. Then they con-
sulted with V. S. Kampaneyets, head
doctor of the City Tubercular Hospital.
Dmitry G., a motor car driver, was undergoing
gastric surgery when the death agony set in.
The extinct life was recalled by the revivifi-
cation method and the operation was brought
to a successful end. The convalescent Dmitry
G. and his doctor are having a talk ?
Mikhail V., a schoolboy whose breath
and pulse stopped during a surgical
operation, was saved by the revivifi-
cation method. Here you see the doctor
talking with his patient who is already
on the way to recovery 110.
Their joint diagnosis was grim: tuber-
cular meningitis. A bitter fight for the
boy's life commenced. The doctors not
being limited by expenditure consider-
ations, administered to the little patient
streptomycin, PAS and phtivazide.
But r )thing helped. For nearly two months
Petya hovered.on the brink of death. And
only a new expensive remedy, the hor-
mone of the suprarenal cortex, proved
effective. Petya was rapidly on his way
to recovery. The boy's fate may have been
different if his parents would have to pay
for the expensive medicines, doctors
and nurses.
Kondrat Boiko, 40, was working at the
Rostov Locomotive Depot. Suddenly a
misfortune overtook him: he went blind.
At the local hospital the worker was given
excellent care and attention. A success-
ful operation performed by an experi-
enced oculist restored his sight.
A letter from Boiko reads:
"These lines are proof of the excellent
care given to an ordinary man by Soviet
doctors who, disinterestedly guided by
their fine character, have fought so tire-
lessly and persistently to restore my
sight. I can now read, write and work.
And my first words of gratitude to Dr.
Kulakova and Dr. Loiko."
A patient was brought to a surgical
clinic in Leningrad, a man who has lost
his way in the forest and was so frozen
that there was little hope for his life. His
arms and legs were halfbent, his muscles
stiff, the pupils of his eyes did not react
In the Filatov Ophthalmological Institute (Odessa, Ukrainian SSR)
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G., a four-and-a-half-year-old boy from Tirana (Albania), was uperated for a
serious congenital heart defect, in the Vishnevsky Surgery Institute (Moscow).
The boy is pictured six weeks after the operation
to the light and his blood pressure was
beyond measuring. Efforts were made to
determine the bodytemperature by means
of a special thermometer and the mer-
cury rose to 22.5? C. The man had been
lying in the forest in a forty-degree frost
for nearly eighteen hours. Only rare in-
stances are known wh re it proved pos-
sible with tremendous effort to revive
frozen people whose body temperature
had dropped as low as 28.26?. But there
it was still lower. . 22.5?!
Nevertheless, after carefully examining
the patient, Surgeon A. Volikov deter-
mined to fight for the man's life. First of
all he administered drugs which retard
the metabolism and thus lower the body's
need for oxygen and nourishment. With
the aid of a special apparatus, respira-
tion was restored. Only then was the
patient, Burkov by name, placed in a bath
and the temperature of the water allowed
to increase gradually. Two hours later
the pulse became more rhythmic and the
blood pressure showing began to climb.
While in the bath, Burkov was given in-
jections of glucose and vitamins.
For many days Dr. A. Volikov literally
did not leave the patient's bedside,
watching him vigilantly.The only thought
that directed the doctor's behaviour was
to help the patientL. A doctor's earnings
in the Soviet Union do not depend on
the number of patients.
Only on the twentieth day Burkov re-
gained consciousness and opened his
eyes. But he was still bereft of speech.
He recognized his wife and child and his
friends, but he had to learn to speak all
over again. Not until a month later did he
recall what had happened to him in the
forest.
Several months later when Burkov
appeared before a medical commission,
their most searching examination could
find no fault with the man's health. This
result had been achieved not only by
medicines, devoted care and attention.
This success is also largely due to the
fact that the clinic has highly qualified
specialists, the opportunity for quick and
all-round consultations, the necessary
equipment, instruments, medicines and
a well-trained medical staff. This is
another convincing example of the ad-
vantages of such a health protection
system, when any citizen, regardless of
his position in society or his well-being,
if need be, can get treatment in the best
medical institutions of the country.
Foreign visitors often ask: why do some
of the big Soviet cities have, besides the
ramified network of free-of-charge medi-
cal-prophylactic institutions, a few poly-
clinics where fees are charged.
These institutions are at the disposal
of all who wish to apply.The fees charged
are within the means of any worker
or employee. Nevertheless the network
of these institutions hardly enlarges, be-
cause the number of Soviet citizens
desiring treatment or medical aid in a pri-
vate capacity is very small. And this is
understandable. Why pay for services
of a doctor who sees you for the first time
and knows nothing of your work and life
conditions, when you can go to your
own "family" doctor at the district poly-
clinic?
Another question frequently asked is:
why do big cities have, besides the ordi-
nary polyclinics, several homeopathic
polyclinics which charge for their ser-
vice?
In the USSR there are people who be-
lieve in homeopathy. It was considered
expedient, therefore, to maintain several
of such polyclinics as well. The Soviet
homeopathic polyclinics are staffed with
doctors who, after graduating from
medical institutes, take supplementary
courses in homeopathy. Thus patients
who came here are also protected
against quacks.
k`.
A surgeon is performing an operation on
a patient who was afflicted with heart failure.
Such operations are now being performed
in many medical institutions in the USSR
R., a designing engineer of the Voskresensk
Chemical Plant, was operated for a grave case
of heart failure. The picture shows R. a year
and a half after the operation
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? 50-Yr 2013/10/29 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
G., a four-and-a-half-year-old boy from Tirana (Albania), was operated for a
serious congenital heart defect, in the Vishnevsky Surgery Institute (Moscow).
The boy is pictured six weeks after the operation
to the light and his blood pressure was
beyond measuring. Efforts were made to
determine the bodytemperature by means
of a special thermometer and the mer-
cury rose to 22.5? C. The man had been
lying in the forest in a forty-degree frost
for nearly eighteen hours. Only rare in-
stances are known where it proved pos-
sible with tremendous effort to revive
frozen people whose body temperature
had dropped as low as 28.26?. But there
it was still lower ... 22.59
Nevertheless, after carefully examining
the patient, Surgeon A. Volikov deter-
mined to fight for the man's life. First of
all he administered drugs which retard
the metabolism and thus lower the body's
need for oxygen and nourishment. With
the aid of a special apparatus, respira-
tion was restored. Only then was the
patient, Burkov by name, placed in a bath
and the temperature of the water allowed
to increase gradually. Two hours later
the pulse became more rhythmic and the
blood pressure showing began to climb.
While in the bath, Burkov was given in-
jections of glucose and vitamins.
For many days Dr. A. Volikov literally
did not leave the patient's bedside,
watching him vigilantly. The only thought
that directed the doctor's behaviour was
to help the patient, A doctor's earnings
in the Soviet Union do not depend on
the number of patients.
Only on the twentieth day Burkov re-
gained consciousness and opened his
eyes. But he was still bereft of speech.
He recognized his wife and child and his
friends, but he had to learn to speak all
over again. Not until a month later did he
recall what had happened to him in the
forest.
Several months later when Burkov
appeared before a medical commission,
their most searching examination could
find no fault with the man's health. This
result had been achieved not only by
medicines, devoted care and attention.
This success is also largely due to the
fact that the clinic has highly qualified
specialists, the opportunity for quick and
all-round consultations, the necessary
equipment, instruments, medicines and
a well-trained medical staff. This is
another convincing example of the ad-
vantages of such a health protection
system, when any citizen, regardless of
his position in society or his well-being,
if need be, can get treatment in the best
medical institutions of the country.
Foreign visitors often ask: why do some
of the big Soviet cities have, besides the
ramified network of free-of-charge medi-
cal-prophylactic institutions, a few poly-
clinics where fees are charged.
These institutions are at the disposal
of all who wish to apply.The fees charged
are within the means of any worker
or employee. Nevertheless the network
of these institutions hardly enlarges, be-
cause the number of Soviet citizens
desiring treatment or medical aid in a pri-
vate capacity is very small. And this is
understandable. Why pay for services
of a doctor who sees you for the first time
and knows nothing of your work and life
conditions, when you can go to your
own "family" doctor at the district poly-
clinic?
Another question frequently asked is:
why do big cities have, besides the ordi-
nary polyclinics, several homeopathic
polyclinics which charge for their ser-
vice?
In the USSR there are people who be-
lieve in homeopathy. It was considered
expedient, therefore, to maintain several
of such polyclinics as well. The Soviet
homeopathic polyclinics are staffed with
doctors who, after graduating from
medical institutes, take supplementary
courses in homeopathy. Thus patients
who came here are also protected
against quacks.
A surgeon is performing an operation on
a patient who was afflicted with heart failure.
Such operations are now being performed
in many medical institutions in the USSR
?
R., a designing engineer of the Voskresensk
Chemical Plant, was operated for a grave case
of heart failure. The picture shows R. a year
and a half after the operation Ow.
.11
..1111
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
FOR THE HEALTH OF THE WORKERS
aid medical posts ? were set up at Soviet
enterprises.
A medical post is a health shop for all
the employees of a given plant or factory.
Like other shops, this one is also kept
at the expense of the enterprise. Its staff
not only caters, free of charge, to those
in need of treatment ? it also engages
in disease prevention in the enterprise,
combating occupational accidents, con-
trolling the strict observance of hygienic
norms in the shops.
Within the last five-year period (1950
to 1955) over 5,000 new health posts were
set up at the plants and factories of the
country, staffed by over 21,000 doctors.
Beside the health posts a network of
polyclinics and dispensaries has been
created for enterprises employing more
than five thousand workers. Specialized
medical service is offered the working
people at these medical institutions. The
staff of the polyclinic, dispensary and
health post thoroughly study the pecu-
liarity of production at the given enter-
prise and introduce all necessary pro-
phylactic measures. They list accident
injuries and illnesses and, together with
the administration, the trade union
committee and the public in general,
secure the elimination of the reasons for
temporary disablement.
During the Great Patriotic War the
medical and prophylactic facilities at the
largest enterprises in the country were
united into medical-sanitary units which
soon won universal approval. Their
number increased from year to year: in
1946 there were 430 units, in 1956 ? 964.
During the war many men left for the
front ? their place was taken by women
and youngsters. So the medical-sanitary
units set up obstetric-gynecological and
juvenile service offices.
Little by little the functions of the medi-
cal-sanitary unit widened and it catered
not only to the employees of the given
plant or factory, but to their families as
work on the principle of shop divisions.
At the chemical, mining and oil-refining
Industry enterprises a shop division is
formed for every thousand workers, in
the other branches of industry ? for every
two thousand.
There are several doctor's posts in the
staff of the shop division. In this manner
the workers receive continuous station-
ary and dispensary medical aid and the
necessary prophylactic measures are real-
ized. The division doctors carry on their
multi-aspect work right in the shops and
medical-sanitary unit, for instance, has
at its disposal a first-class hospital
housing 500 patients, a polyclinic with
specialists in all branches, a sanitary-
epidemic station and 10 health posts.
This medical-sanitary unit is the train-
ing basis of the Tashkent Medical In-
stitute; thus the workers are treated by
leading professors, docents and pro-
fessor's assistants.
Each shop division is staffed by three
specialists ? a therapeutist, a surgeon
and an obstetrician-gynecologist; be-
A garden in front of one of the shops of the "Zaporozhstal" Plant (Ukrainian SSR).
Similar gardens are arranged near all the shops of the plant.
One of the shops of the Moscow "Kalibr" Plant,
decorated with green plants and flowers
The territory of the Gorky Automobile Plant
is planted to greens and flowers
Over eighteen million people are em-
ployed at the 754 thousand plants, fac-
tories, mills and cooperative enterprises
of the USSR. Besides this, over 14 million
are engaged in construction works, at
state farms, machine and tractor stations
and in transport. A total of almost 49 mil-
lion people are engaged in the national
economy.
The health service of this enormous
working-people army is governed by a
single leadership and universal plan. As
far back as in the first five-year plan
periods special medical facilities ? first
NIT
72. ??????
well. However, the most important duty
of the medical-sanitary unit still remains
the continuous sanitary improvement of
working conditions, systematic medical
examination of the workers ? first of all,
of those who handle poisonous sub-
stances or may be subjected to various
harmful occupational influences.
Mass medical examination helps the
doctors of the medical-sanitary unit re-
veal diseases in their early stages and
enables them to take timely measures for
the treatment of ill and weakened work-
ers and to see that they are placed at
jobs more suitable to their condition.
During the post-war years many of the
medical-sanitary units reorganized their
in the united polyclinic and factory
hospital.
It may be noted that in 1956 the medical-
sanitary units all over the country had
something like 85,000 hospital cots at
their disposal. In the 1956 to 1960 period
it is planned to open hundreds of new
factory hospitals, equipped with every-
thing needed for the highly effective
treatment of patients. Besides, every
worker may be hospitalized in the general
hospital of the city or district he lives in.
Thanks to this harmonious organi-
zation and large state appropriations
many medical-sanitary units have or-
ganized exemplary medical service for
their workers. The Tashkent Textile Plant
sides, there is also a doctor's assistant
health post. The women workers (they
form the majority at the plant) may at any
time be advised and aided free of charge
not only by the doctor's assistant, but
by these specialists as well. Every three
or four divisions are serviced by other
specialists on the staff of the medical-
sanitary unit ? a neurologist, X-ray spe-
cialist, oculist and otolaryngologist.
If the shop doctors find it difficult to
diagnose any case or in general consider
it expedient to seek the advice of another
doctor they can send their patient to any
of these specialists.
The entire medical and prophylactic
work at the plant is carried out in close
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contact with the administration, trade
union organization, insurance councils
and active members of the Red Cross.
The medical-sanitary unit together with
these organizations draws up an annual
complex plan of health service measures
for the plant as a whole and for the sepa-
rate mills. Worker representatives see
to it that these plans are strictly realized.
Many medical-sanitary units in the
Donets coal basin have also been very
successful in medical health service of
the working people. For instance, the
miners' sick-rate at the "Yevdokiyevka"
mine No. 7 has been steadily going down
during the last five years. How this was
attained is best demonstrated by con-
crete facts taken from life.
Six years ago Baranov, a timberer by
profession, began suffering from high
blood pressure. In the years 1951 and
1952 this disease took him away from his
work for a total of 277 days. During his
illness he was receiving his fixed salary.
The shop doctor had him put into the
medical-sanitary unit hospital. Here Ba-
ranov was treated for quite a while. As
a result his blood pressure was sharply
lowered. But the timberer was not per-
mitted to return to his work: the doctors
decided to consolidate the results at-
tained. On the initiative of the shop med-
ical division the mine trade union commit-
tee gave this miner a free pass to a sana-
':?(` ?
A Moscow garage. A laboratory technician
is testing the air for pollution
The Kirov Plant in Leningrad. A doctor is measuring a
worker's blood pressure at the bench
? ??`???:14F.,-;?i41,?,1:44.-1!????!:".
,?4? " -??"?'? -----
a...Nem-ix' ? ',Ai; 5 ?
?-;S-4
torium. In a month's time Baranov, hale
and hearty, nicely sun-tanned, returned.
He had forgotten his illness altogether ?
but the doctors hadn't. Before going
down into the mine he had to visit the
polyclinic again. After discussing the
case, the specialists decided that the
miner had better be transferred to lighter
work, but in such a manner that his
earnings did not decrease. The mine
administration complied with the doc-
tors' advice. And here is the outcome:
In 1954 this miner was ill but once in 1955
and 1956 he didn't skip a day owing to
hypertension.
Thus the representatives of the medi-
cal-sanitary unit, headed by M. Shcher-
bakov, consistently fight for the health
of the miners.
Let us take another mine ? "Mushke-
tovo-Vertikalnaya." Here the workdays
lost owing to illness were less by 23 per
cent in 1956 as compared to 1955. Doctor
V. Kireyeva explains this by the fact that
the medical workers had gained a better
understanding of the essence of the pro-
duction process. Kireyeva herself, for
example, noticed that the lesser injuries
were sustained chiefly by the young and
inexperienced miners. She demanded
The First Ball-Bearing Plant (Moscow). A shop doctor,
engineer and foreman are checking the adherence to
accident-prevention rules in the operation of a new
machine-tool
that the administration make the new-
comers better acquainted with the min-
ing peculiarities. As a result ? accident
injuries were cut down by half. The num-
ber of skin eruption diseases has been
decreased owing to a photarium (an in-
stallation for ultra-violet radiation) that
was installed at the mine and also be-
cause the rule that absolutely all timber-
carriers wear gauntlets is strictly ob-
served.
It was more difficult to overcome in-
fluenza and colds. Seeing this, the medi-
cal staff of the "Mushketovo-Vertikal-
naya" mine applied to the Physiology of
Labour institute for aid.
Research workers of this institute went
down the mine many times studying work
conditions. They established that the
miners caught cold chiefly because of
temperature variations and the uneven
flow of air currents in various sections.
Conditions were particularly unfavourable
at the place where the miners waited to
be lifted to the surface at the end of
shifts. All these troubles were liquidated
and a warm chamber was built near the
bottom of the shaft. These measures
lead to the influenza and colds sick-rate
decrease by 30 per cent.
The Leningrad Kirov Plant. A doctor and a laboratory technician
take a test sample of the air in the shop
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'.1.11,1111,11,111114111iFilal
447--4P,T
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A rest room in
the overnight
sanatorium (pro-
p hylactori u m)
of the Moscow
"Kalibr" Plant
Let us show you another aspect of the
activities of the medical-sanitary units -
their drive for the beautification and wel-
fare of the production territories.
Only two years ago the community
where the Nikitov Dolomite Plant is locat-
ed was called "Goly" ("Bare"). And,
truly, not a grass, not a shrub grew there.
Now the territory of the enterprise is
verily smothered in green - over three
hundred hectares are covered with fruit
trees, shrubs and decorative plants and
a large vineyards; two ponds have been
excavated. The plant has its own bath-
houses, laundries and canteens. The
workers live in modern houses. Besides
a Palace of Culture, a moving-picture
house, sports stadium, a park and four
schools, this industrial community has
a hospital, polyclinic, nursery and kinder-
garten.
All this was constructed, built and
planted on state funds. Municipal wel-
fare is furthered by the Health Protection
Aid Council, headed by the director of
the plant. The director begins his day by
going through the sick-list with the chief
of the medical-sanitary unit. All the plant
conferences, prior to discussing pro-
duction, begin with reports of the shop
chiefs on how many of their workers are
ill and the type of accidents that have
occurred.
No wonder, then, that this persistent
and purposeful striving for healthier
work and life conditions for the people
lowered illness and injuries by 32 per cent
In one year!
Life itself points out still newer and
newer forms of health protection activ-
ities. So, at hundreds of enterprises
employing many woman personal hy-
giene rooms have been outfitted, gyneco-
logical examinations are regularly con-
Many workers spend their vacations in sanatoriums.
This is a sanatorium for miners (Zhdanov)
A rest room in the overnight
sanatorium of the First Ball-
Bearing Plant (Moscow)
ducted and measures are taken to place
the women at jobs better suited to their
state of health. All the large and average
enterprises have their children's facil-
ities - nurseries, kindergartens, country
houses, etc.
There is a Russian saying to the effect
that every deed is famed in its results,
the success of every beginning is in its
outcome. What are the results of the
work conducted by the health service?
If the number of workers' sick leave
days in 1954 is taken as 100, then this indice
went down in 1955 by 15.3 per cent. For
separate diseases the following figures
are true :loss of workdays due to influenza
and acute colds was 27.2 per cent lower
in 1955 than in 1946; there were 43.2 per
cent fewer ulcerous skin diseases; rheu-
matism went down 58.7 per cent; pul-
monary TB - by 34.5 per cent; acute
gastrointestinal disorders - 65.8 per cent
less, etc. The lowest sick leave indices
were noted in the chemical, oil, peat and
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sugar industries, on railway, marine and
river transport.
It has become an established tradition
in the Soviet Union to display constant
concern tor workers' health, to provide
the shops with adequate sanitary con-
ditions before the commissioning of a
new industrial enterprise. While the archi-
tects and engineers are engaged in the
work of designing a new plant or recon-
structing an old one, there is enough
time to specify everything necessary to
create good sanitary conditions for the
personnel to be employed infuture shops.
The government has vested the doctors
with extensive rights: they exercise a so-
called preliminary sanitary supervision,
which is the most effective type of pro-
phylaxis. Already in the designing stage
it creates the conditions for practical
introduction of all the new and advanced
knowledge in hygienic science and sani-
tary practice.
We shall illustrate the above with an
example taken from everyday life.
The Kirov Machine-Building Plant in
Gorlovka supplies the country with coal
combines and mine ventilators. This
powerful industrial giant has grown on
the site formerly occupied by small
handicraft shops. At present a general
plan for the plant's reconstruction is
being drafted with a view to ensuring a
2.5-fold output increase. The chief en-
gineer of this project together with his
numerous assistants and consultants
attended a meeting of the sanitary-tech-
nical council of the Chief State Sanitary
Inspection of the Ukrainian Soviet So-
cialist Republic.
The basic design is certainly good,
but the members of the medical pro-
fession represented on the council are
troubled by a number of questions. Why,
for instance, no provision is made for
manipulators and conveyors in the forge
shop? How will the metal shavings be
removed during mechanical processing?
Will the workshops be provided with
adequate lighting, are the living quarters
comfortable?
The design had shortcomings in the
planning of measures to eliminate in-
dustrial noises and radiant heat. Certain
defects were also found in the air-con-
ditioning system. The accommodation of
the planned nurseries and schools was
far from adequate.
Workers and other employees can
spend their annual full-pay vacation
travelling. Here you see a group of
alpinists in the Caucasus
The council resolution recommends
the designers to take all these sugges-
tions, proposals and critical remarks
Into consideration and introduce a num-
ber of changes and amendments in the
general plan. It should be pointed out
that every decision adopted by the sani-
tary-technical council has the force of
law and must be carried out uncondition-
ally.
The timely interference of the sanitary
personnel In the planning and recon-
struction of industrial plants ensures
good working conditions for the workers,
prevents occupational diseases and
accidents in Soviet factories and mills.
Lyudmila Malisheva and Olga Yeschenko, workers of the Shki-
ryatov Clothing*Factory (Moscow), spend Sunday at the beach
in Serebryany Bor (near Moscow)
-11 ? Y. ,;_
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'
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NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN THE VILLAGE
-
4
A doctor delivers a talk on disease prevention to combine-harvester
drivers in the field (Topkanov Machine and Tractor Station)
Great and manifold transformations
have taken place in the Soviet villages
for the past forty years. Judge for your-
self: in tsarist Russia the peasants were
"armed" with millions of hoes, wooden
harrows and primitive ploughs. Only four
decades have passed. The new village
is now entirely altered: in 1957 state and
34
collective farms owned 1,577,000 trac-
tors, 385,000 grain combines, 631,000
motor lorries. Fallow soil ploughing was
98 per cent mechanized, that of winter
grain fields ? 99 per cent. Over 97 per
cent of all the winter grains, 99 per cent
of the cotton and 96 per cent of sugar
beets were planted by machines.
The cultural aspect of the village may
be judged from such facts: of the 144,000
public libraries in the Soviet Union,
119,000 are located in rural communities.
Of the 127,000 clubs in the country 115,000
cater to peasants. There are about
50,000 moving picture installations in the
village of the 63,000 in the entire country.
Of the 30,000,000 public school pupils
in the Soviet Union ? over 16,000,000 go
to village schools.
Indeed, new times have come to the
village! Here are some examples demon-
strating the effect of these changes on
the fate of individual peasants.
Here is a voluminous monographic
work devoted to the past life in an ordi-
nary Bessarabian village, Kopanki. From
this book we find out that 72.5 per cent
of the inhabitants of the village were
agrarian proletarians and semi-prcle-
tarians. "The agrarian labourers," state
the authors, "buy everything at the
market, reaping almost nothing from the
earth... A family of three to four people
consumes one kilogram of meat per
month and 200 grammes of sugar and
rice. Baker's bread, fish, tea, milk, etc.,
are not consumed at all...
"No wonder that such wretched con-
ditions give rise to widespread diseases
among the inhabitants... Malaria, con-
sumption, syphilis, alcoholism ? these
are the terrible scourge of the district,
one that takes its toll in systematically
breaking down the health of the Kopanki
people ... 60 to 70 per cent of the po-
pulation are illiterate."
Let us take a look at the same place
today and find out what basic changes
took place in the living conditions of the
Kopanki peasants.
The Lenin collective farm that was
organized in Kopanki made a profit of
23 million rubles towards the end of 1956.
There are families in the village which
received 50 to 60 thousand rubles for
their workdays. Ivan Zavanyuk with his
paltry little patch at the bend of the river
and six mouths to feed at home could
never make ends meet. As members of
the collective farm he and his family
earned 52 thousand rubles last year alone.
In 1956 alone the Lenin collective farm
built a hotel, a road across the village
four kilometres long, a water-pipeline
and a hospital with a pharmacy, clinical
laboratory, X-ray cabinet, therapeutic
and surgery departments.
Peasant children study in higher edu-
cational institutions: Ion Zavanyuk ? in
the Tiraspol Pedagogical Institute, Theo-
dore Glovatsky and Lyuba Mlanik ? in
Kishinyov, Klava Osadchenko ? in Kale-
rash. Dozens of boys and girls study at
vocational schools.
In former times the only newspaper
subscribers in Kopanki were the cler-
gyman, the primar (village elderman)
and the chief of the police station. Now
the post brings over a thousand news-
papers and magazines; all the nine hun-
dred and eighty families in the village
subscribe to various periodicals. And it
should also be mentioned that hundreds
of readers go to the library of the local
Palace of Culture, which has over ten
thousand books on its shelves.
The chairman of the Lenin collective
farm Georgy Bolfu was elected deputy
to the Supreme Soviet of the Moldavian
411A hospital named after
the great Russian writer
Lev Tolstoi was built in
Yasnaya Polyana, where
the writer lived
A member of a collective
farm receives physical
therapy at home (village
of Vinogradovo, Moscow
region) 10.
SSR. He plans on building a sanatorium
for the collective farm members, a new
school building and a factory for the ini-
tial processing of the fruit harvest.
So that nobody should suppose we
have cited an extraordinary example, we
invite the reader to visit ? mentally ? the
opposite end of the country ? snowy
Yakutia. The tsarist government used
to exile so-called state criminals, e. g.,
its political adversaries, to this distant
region. In 1883 the well-known Russian
democratic writer V. Korolenko was
exiled to the village Amga in Yakutia.
In his story "Makar's Dream" the writer
vividly portrays the oppressing, gloomy
life in the village, the impoverished state
of the miserable peasant population.
Seventy-five years afterwards, in Ja-
nuary 1957, N. Lyubavin, a doctor, sent
the following letter to the newspaper
"Medical Worker":
"My wife (a doctor, too) and I live
among the descendants and countrymen
of Makar. The village Amga has changed
beyond recognition. New streets have
appeared, with two-story buildings of a
secondary boarding school, the post and
telegraph offices, the department store
and other structures. 1956 was porten-
tous for our hospital ? three new doctors
arrived and two trained nurses. The local
organizations allocated 130,000 rubles
for repairs of the hospital. A new hos-
pital settlement is being built on the
outskirts of the town. A four-apartment
house has already been put up, a milk
kitchen and a laundry. Next come build-
ings of the dispensary, infectious dis-
ease department, garage, etc."
We consciously selected examples
taken from the far outlying regions of our
land. It goes without saying that in the
central regions the accomplishments in
the village public health protection are
still more striking.
All the administrative regions of the
country are divided into territorial medi-
cal areas depending on the dimensions,
population, economic power, transport
means, etc., of the region. There are
about 12,000 such areas in the Soviet
Union. The population of each area is
served by a hospital, dispensary and
doctor's assistant and midwife station.
The physicians of the rural area perform
a wide complex of curative and sanitary-
prophylactic, health improvement and
sanitary-instructive work.
The majority of medical workers in the
area do not wait for the sick collective
farm member to come to the dispensary
or send for the doctor to visit him at
35
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home. They go out to the field camps of
the brigades, to the animal and poultry
breeding farms, conduct mass medical
examinations of the tillers of the soil,
find all those who are in need of medical
aid and put them down in the dispensary
lists. This means that from now on the
health of these people will be looked
after by the doctors. According to a strict
plan the people suffering or predis-
posed to one or another disease will be
invited to the dispensary or hospital so
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that their disorder may be nipped in the
bud.
During 1956 alone the area doctors
examined over 6,000,000 collective farm
members, over 2,00,000 workers of the
state farms and machine and tractor
stations, 1,500,000 employees of the food,
municipal and children's institutions,
10,500,000 rural school children. Besides
this, almost 34,000,000 country people
were examined for TB, malignant tu-
mours, venereal diseases and trachoma.
? G14, 4::".k. V2,..;`.1.:?414
If it becomes evident during examina-
tion that a collective farm member is in
need of an operation, of physiotherapy
or the advice of an experienced specia-
list ? a laryngologist, oculist, obstetri-
cian, gynecologist, phthisicist, neuro-
logist, etc. ? all this is entered into the
patient's individual treatment plan and
listed for checking. Each such plan is
considered fulfilled only after all its
points have been realized and the pa-
tient has become practically healthy. In
several months' time the doctors of the
rural section invite the patient once more
for examination and fix on additional
measures to ensure his progress to
health.
The following figures give an idea of
the scope and effectivity of this prophy-
lactic work: in 1956 rural doctors crossed
out about 395,000 people from their dis-
pensary registers, as they regained their
health; 154,000 collective farm members,
machine and tractor station and state
farm workers shifted to jobs better suited
to their health condition.
During the three preceding years
(1953 to 1955) rural doctors helped over
700,000 collective farm members to be
transferred to work corresponding to me-
dical indications and over a million were
taken off the register upon regaining full
health.
Such, then, are the remarkable results
of the efforts of rural medical workers
to better the health of the collective farm
village!
The thousands of rural medical areas
in our country are staffed by energetic,
experienced doctors, true to their pro-
fession and beloved by the people. They
are ready to come to the help of a patient
at his first call, be it day or night.
For many years Fyodor Belyanin has
been a surgeon in the Timashev district
A
In the surgery of the Berezhkov rural hospital
(Transcarpathian region, Ukrainian SSR)
Convalescent patients on the porch
of the Berezhkov rural hospital 10.
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A sanitary plane brought a sick woman requiring an urgent operation from
a distant collective farm (only recently virgin lands were here). An ambulance
was awaiting the plane at the airfield in Pavlodar (Kazakh SSR) to take the
sick woman to the hospital immediately.
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krk ???
Workers of the Liebknecht Plant (Dnieprope-
trovsk, Ukrainian SSR) spending their day-
off on the Dnieper sailing yachts of their
yacht-club.
In a collective farm maternity home
(village of Moshni, Cherkassk region,
Ukrainian SSR)
hospital of the Kuibyshev region. "To
give any surgical aid necessary in our
own hospital" ? is the slogan of this
skilled specialist, in love with his work.
A twenty-three year old youth was
brought to this hospital in the middle of
the night with a deep wound in the vici-
nity of the heart. The patient was semi-
conscious, his pulse barely recognizable,
the blood pressure impossible to gauge
by the usual methods. Only an immediate
operation could have saved his life.
The staff of the small surgical depart-
ment of the country hospital quickly pre-
pared for an emergency operation on the
heart. A blood transfusion was per-
formed and medicines injected. Precise,
sparing and measured were the move-
ments of the surgeon as he cut open the
thoric cavity, correctly determined the
best approach to the wounded heart and
placed sutures on it. Subsequent good
nursing and warm-hearted concern over
the patient helped him to a speedy recov-
ery.
Of course, not all rural districts have
such experienced specialists. But does
this mean that patients do not receive
qualified aid? No, of course not! In such
cases the town specialists and sanitary
aviation doctors come to the aid of the
patient.
While working in the fields Stasis
Michinskas, a tractor-driver of the Var-
lauk machine and tractor station in Lithu-
ania, had a serious accident and was
badly hurt. Unconscious, he was brought
to the district hospital. But there was no
surgeon in it. So the area physician
'phoned the district centre,thetown Shau-
lyai ; two surgeons, Galina Survilaite and
Yurgis Vasaitis, soon arrived. They estab-
lished that the patient was suffering
from an open wound on the skull and
brain. Paralysis of half of his body had
set in, he lost his speech; transportation
was out of the question, delay of the
operation meant death.
In bare minutes the staff of the
rural hospital prepared the instruments,
blood for transfusion, the narcosis. Sur-
geon Vasaitis successfully performed
a serious operation ? trephined the skull
and extracted the bone fragments. The
operation was timely and skilfully per-
formed. Soon the patient felt better and
his speech gradually returned.
Michinskas was regularly visited by a
neurologist and an experienced surgeon
from Shaulyai. Under their direction the
local doctors treated the patient with
medicines, special physical exercises,
physiotherapy. As a result the paralysis
manifestations gradually disappeared.
Finally, Michinskas regained his health
and returned to his machine and tractor
station.
But the Soviet Union is a vast country,
its territory spreads over 22.4 million
square kilometres. What happens in
cases when the district centre is dozens
or even hundreds of kilometres away.
This is what happens.
N. Nikolsky, Honoured Doctor of the
Republic, chief of the surgical depart-
ment of the Vladimir regional hospital
was called to the telephone when he
was visiting his patients in the ward.
Doctor V. Vorgushchina, from the Me-
lenkov rural hospital was on the wire.
She sounded very agitated:
A patient had been brought in with a
serious chest injury, his condition was
dangerous.
"Get him ready for an emergency op-
eration" ? was Nikolsky's short reply.
Within fifteen minutes a plane of the
sanitary aviation service with the Gxperi-
enced surgeon aboard took off and in
another 25 or 30 minutes Nikolsky had
already entered the operation room. Doc-
tor Vorgushchina was ready to assist,
the surgery nurse was standing, all
attention, at the instrument table, Doctor
N. Dmitriyev was watching the patient's
pulse and blood pressure.
In three weeks' time the convalescent
patient was delivered in a sanitary plane
to the regional hospital for an all-round
check-up and final treatment.
And who was this patient about whom
so much concern was shown? Perhaps
he was an important stateman who by
chance happened to be in the country,
or a people's artist, a writer, a Hero of
the Soviet Union? No, he was just an
ordinary collective farm member. And
what can the rank and title of his patient
mean to a Soviet doctor? Fora Soviet doc-
tor is a state employee and does not re-
ceive any remuneration from his patients
as was practised in tsarist Russia.
The Soviet Government is spending
yearly large funds on sanitary aviation
service of the regional hospitals. For this
purpose the appropriations in 1930 came
to 20,000,000 rubles, whereas that of 1957
exceeds 70,000,000 rubles. In 1956 alone
668,000 patients were serviced by the
sanitary aviation.
During recent years the aspect of
emergency aid has greatly changed, as
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the majority of districts now have their
own surgeons who can cope with rup-
tures and appendicitis and treat wounds
themselves. The sanitary aviation ser-
vice is called in cases of the more serious
injuries and diseases. It is not only sur-
geons who make use of the sanitary air-
craft - these planes also carry obstetri-
cian-gynecologists, neurologists, oto-
laryngologists, oculists and other spe-
cialists.
The development of the health protec-
tion in the village did not, of course, al-
ways run smoothly, without mistakes.
Here is an example: in 1947 it became
evident that the health protection authori-
ties had been carried away with the or-
ganization of rural area hospitals, for-
getting about the district centres. So a
decisive consolidation of district hospi-
tals was launched. At present they
number 2,325. At the beginning of 1955
the allotment of cots in these hospitals
to the various specialities was accom-
plished.
The outcome of these measures is that
hospital beds of the "general type" have
absolutely vanished in rural hospitals -
their number surpassed 36,000 about five
or six years ago. Now the number of
specialized cots for patients with internal
diseases has been increased more than
five times, surgical case cots - trebled,
there are four times more children's cots
than before, etc.
Creche in the col-
lective farm "Pa-
myat Ilyicha" (Kras-
nodar territory)
It is self evident that such specialized
hospital departments must have not only
beds - they must be staffed by specially
trained doctors and nurses and be ad-
equately equipped. 2,072 of the 2,325 dis-
trict hospitals were already equipped
in 1956 with X-ray installations; clinical-
diagnostic laboratories were organized
in absolutely all district hospitals, physio-
therapy cabinets in 1,312 hospitals, etc.
Far to the North from Leningrad, in the
thick forestlands, lies the Vinnitsa dis-
trict, uniting seventeen collective farms
and eleven timber stations. The district
has its own hospital. The oldest doctor
In the district, V. Shef, has organized
active surgery work. The results of this
work are demonstrated by the fact that
not one of the five hundred cavity opera-
tions was complicated by post-operation
festering. The latest methods of medical
treatment are widely employed in the
therapeutic and other departments of
this hospital. The doctors have mastered
the technique of novocain blocades and
treatment. At present they are preparing
for a more extensive introduction of
oxygen therapy and the employment of
aerosols.
Another district hospital is situated in
the village Andreyevo-lvanovka in the
Odessa region of the Ukraine. For the
last two years electrically induced sleep
has been the means of treating hyperten-
sion, stomach and doudenal ulcers,
gastritis and in the post-operational
period. For this treatment the hospital
has fitted up sound-proof darkened
rooms.
The doctors occupied in the thousands
of rural area and district hospitals are
naturally in need of qualified medical
instruction, in the advice of more ex-
perienced specialists. The part of method-
ological centres and refresher courses
for village medical workers is filled by
the regional hospitals. There are 158
such centres in the land. The more
serious cases are brought here from the
village-s, many village doctors take fur-
ther graduate training courses free of
charge here, from here different special-
ists and even groups of specialists fly
or drive out to the districts.
Let us take a look into one of these
hospitals - the Zaporozhye regional
hospital. It houses 300 cots and is staffed
by 330 medical workers. Five thousand
patients are annually treated here and up
to three thousand operations are per-
formed.
Even now a lighted sign on the doors
of the operation room says: "Silence,
operation going on!" A worker by the
name Lopata was delivered in a serious
condition from the Bolshe-Tokmaksky
district. He had developed pneumonia
after the flu, then another complication
set in?a pulmonary abscess. An emer-
gency consultation was held in a regional
hospital; the doctors decided that the
affected lung must be removed. And so
an experienced doctor, A. Pilip, under
the guidance of M. Lomazov, head sur-
geon of the hospital, carried out the plan
evolved by collective efforts.
... Another department of the same
hospital-ophthalmology. Oculist M. Kha-
lina is, it seems, just as excited as her
patientVizir who recently underwent trans-
plantation of the cornea. Many years
ago this patient had the measles, com-
plicated by loss of sight: the pupils of his
eyes were filmed over by opaque cata-
racts. For twenty years this villager could
not see the light of day, the wonderful
Ukrainian scenery, his friends and rela-
tives. The doctors took an interest in
this blind man. Maybe his sight could be
returned? Oculist Khalina said: "Not all
is lost yet, we can try." And now the
bandage is taken off Vizir's eyes.
"Doctor, I see," cries he, shaken to
the depths of his soul.
Vizir is not the first to find his sight in
the Zap9rozhye hospital. Some time ago
doctor Khalina met an old peasant,
Stepan Prokopchenko. He had damaged
his eyes in 1915, while slaking lime and
since then, for over forty years, he is
blind.
A careful examination convinced the
doctor that the retina was not destroyed,
neither were the crystalline lens and iris-
only the cornea was damaged. And this
damage could already be rectified at that
time. A plan for a most complicated
three-stage operation was drawn up.
First the dome of the orbit was grafted
on. Then layer by layer, transplantants
of the cornea (taken from the eye of a
fresh corpse) were grafted on. The last
stage was the removal of the cataracts
and the grafting of transparent cornea in
their place.
And what is the matter with this gray-
eyed, pleasant-looking woman of about
thirty-five, who is sleeping after a tasty
dinner? Only a week ago M. Moskalyova
(that's her name) was at death's door.
The diagnosis was laconic and menac-
ing: impassability of the intestines due
to a tumour. What could the lone "gener-
al practitioner" have set up against the
relentless progress of this destructive
disease? But the Soviet doctor is not
alone; he is backed by the entire might
of the modern medical science of his
Motherland. Moskalyova was immediately
transferred from the village to Zaporo-
zhye. Here, in the regional hospital,
skilled specialists fought for the life of
this peasant woman. And the danger
was overcome. Some weeks will pass
and the patient, brought back to life, will
go back to hr village and subsequently
even forget about what had threatened
her life ani was diverted by the experi-
enced hand of Soviet public health pro-
tection workers.
Year by year the network of sanitary-
prophylactic facilities in the village ex-
pands and develops, its staff increases.
However, we cannot claim that in the
nearest three to five years all the dis-
trict hospitals without exception will
be staffed not only by surgeons, thera-
peutists, obstetrician-gynecologists and
children's specialists, but also by experi-
enced neurologists, otolaryngologists,
oculists and a number of other specialists
as well. Besides the qualification of the
majority of doctors in the leading city
clinics is as yet, it is needless to stress,
higher than the qualification of many
rural doctors. Finally, great men of
science - academicians, professors and
doctors of science - are concentrated in
the cities. Does this signify that the in-
habitants of country towns and villages
are deprived of the possibility of seeking
the advice of skilled city specialists or
that they cannot receive treatment in the
clinics?
The question is best answered by the
following factual data: in 1956 there were
over 12 per cent villagers among the
patients in the general type city hospitals;
about 13 per cent village inhabitants in
the specialized city hospitals; about 19
per cent in the medical institute clinics;
over 19 per cent in the scientific research
institution clinics; 49 per cent in the
specialized dispensary stationary hos-
pitals. Reports show that in 1955 over
23 per cent of all cots in city hospitals
and clinics were occupied by patients
from the countryside. In addition, the
most experienced city doctors and scien-
tists visit systematically the villages.
The doors of the best medical treat-
ment institutions in the land are wide
open to villagers - collective farm mem-
bers, state farm and machine and tractor
station workers and members of their
families and the intelligentsia.
The story about the everyday life of the
rural health protection would be incom-
plete if we did not mention how warmly
the local Soviets, collective farm boards
and collective farm members support
all sanitary-prophylactic measures.
For instance, in the Chadir-Lungsky
district of the Moldavian SSR the perma-
nent health protection committee of the
local Soviet has been headed for the last
eight years by a deputy of this Soviet,
F. Shanyavsky, an old Party member now
retired on pension. Under the leadership
of this calm, sober-minded, thoughtful
man the numerous health protection
committee activists carry on broad and
very useful work. They made out a list of
all the little children in the district. Each
child is "patronized" by a local Soviet
deputy and a Young Communist League
member. These "patrons" visit their
wards regularly, help the family in over-
coming difficulties encountered in bring-
ing up children, inform the doctors of
the smallest ailments, supply the mothers
with sanitary-educational literature, etc.
Recently the committee advised build-
ing a sanatorium for a hundred people
in the large village of Baurchi. This ini-
tiative was supported by all. A special
account opened for the purpose in the
bank has already to its credit 3,500,000
rubles - the first deposit of the collective
farms of the district.
Collective farm members and other agricultural workers
rest at the "Zolotoi Kolos" sanatorium
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Towards the end of the last century the
journal "Russian Medicine,"telling about
the regions afflicted with malaria, wrote:
"The question whether civilization is in a
position to master nature on the shores
of Abkhazia and whether Europeans
can propagate there remains open."
A still more definite stand was taken at
that time by Professor Skvortsov: "The
fierce malaria raging on the Black Sea
shores makes it scarcely probable that the
coast of Abkhazia can be a suitable place
for life in general."
These pessimistic lines, alas, were
true for the bitter life of
that time. We'll recall only
one of many grim facts:
soldiers were stationed
in the village of Bombora,
Gudauta district of Ab-
khasia. Within threeyears
the entire garrison pe-
rished from malaria. Many
years later malaria still
reaped a rich harvest in
Abkhazia. In 1927 over
nine thousand patients
suffering from malaria
applied for help at the
Gudauta tropical station.
And nowadays Abkha-
zia, once a hotbed of
malaria and all sorts of
worm diseases, a wret-
ched, god-forsaken hole,
where poverty and dis-
eases reigned, has been
transformed into one of
the finest health resorts
in the USSR, in which
there are many beauti-
ful, well-appointed sana-
toriums and rest homes.
Malaria has been fully
vanquished in Abkhazia.
Suffice it to say that dur-
ing the entire year of
1956 the staff of the same
Gudauta tropical station
discovered ? after stre-
nuous efforts ? only four
people with malaria. The
members of the collec-
tive farm in the village of
Bombora, where once an
?
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4rAs-W.
Agr=7-1,
4
111.s: ? 4,,A,4?-7
entire garrison perished from malaria,
have forgotten about the existence of
this wasting disease, as have thousands
of other populated communities.
A modern traveller, admiring the won-
derful tropical scenery of Abkhazia,
feasting on its grapes, persimmons,
peaches, tangerines and luscious plums,
basking on the well-appointed beaches,
spending his vacation in one of the com-
fortable sanatoriums of the republic
would simply not believe that this pros-
perous land was, comparatively speak-
ing, not long ago a spot where malaria
raged.
Let us now cover a distance of almost
5,000 kilometres and take a look at anoth-
er national republic ? Uzbekistan. But
instead of us telling you about its health
protection we'll give the floor to Pierre
Bosquet, a French phthisicist who in
December 1956 visited the Uzbek SSR
as member of a delegation of the France-
USSR Friendship Society. This is what
he reported:
"I am leaving full of various impres-
sions that greatly surpassed all my anti-
cipations. I was able to visit many medi-
cal institutions, to take part in a great num-
ber of discussions, to see so much that
is new, that I shall not be able to sum up
these vivid impressions soon.
"At the very outset of my journey to
Uzbekistan I gained an impression of the
achievements attained there in the field
of prophylaxis. The visit to this republic
was for me, as for the other members of
the delegation, very momentous.
"How could the Soviet Union solve
many problems, including the national
problem, in a Moslem country? I am
acquainted with the sanitary and social
problems arising in the majority of Mos-
lem countries, particularly in North
Africa, where the percentage of tuber-
culosis cases is exceptionally high (in
Algiers, for example, there are as many
consumptives as in France, though the
The Tashkent Medical Institute Surgical Clinic
(Uzbek SSR). Prof. Sadik Aliyevich Masumov,
Honoured Worker of Science, is performing an
operation
population is four times smaller). I know
that sanitary problems arise in connec-
tion with the changes in the economic
structure, with industrialization and the
growth of large municipal centres. In
France such changes are always accom-
panied with outbreaks of tuberculosis...
The progression of the TB mortality per-
centage in Algiers coincided with the
intensification of colonization. At pres-
ent the number of TB patients in Africa
and in a significant part of South America
is monstrously increasing.
"Practice has proved that this rule does
not obtain any longer in a socialistic land
and that, on the contrary, the changes
in the economic structure are accompa-
nied by an expanding elimination of dan-
gerous social diseases. Upon my return
to France I shall be able to state that
there do exist Moslem republics where
malaria and trachoma have been van-
quished and where the TB and child mort-
ality is lower than in our own country."
Somewhat earlier Soviet Uzbekistan
was visited by Doctor Karl Evang, Direc-
tor-General of the Norwegian Health De-
partment. He stated the following:
"We made the long journey to Uzbe-
kistan in order to get an answer to the
question: is it possible in a brief space
of time to raise the level of health, culture
and standard of living of people in a back-
ward country. The journey was well
worth-while. We found the answer. ..."
This appraisal was seconded by a
group of English doctors acquainting
themselves with the public health pro-
tection in Uzbekistan.
Prof. Melik-Musyan, an eye specialist, exam-
ines a patient (Armenian SSR)
They were convinced, they wrote in a
joint statement given out to the press,
that now in the Soviet Union a successful
struggle was being waged against many
diseases which only twenty years ago
presented a serious problem. In Uzbe-
kistan, they said, malaria had virtually
been eliminated. A planned struggle
against tuberculosis was under way and,
undoubtedly, the rate of active tuber-
culosis had been reduced. All over the
country there were institutions for mother
and child, which yielded good results.
We shall add only several figures and
facts to these statements.
In 1913 there were 128 doctors in Uzbe-
kistan and 997 hospital cots, in 1956 ?
about 9,000 doctors and over 42,000 cots.
On the beach of "Chalpon-Ata," a sanatorium for children (Kirghiz SSR)
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41 A plane pulverizes DDT over
rice fields to exterminate mala-
ria-bearing mosquitoes (Yangi-
Yul district, Tashkent region,
Uzbek SSR)
Land melioration in the
vicinity of Samarkand
(Uzbek SSR) helped over-
come malaria
y
Medical specialization has sharply
changed. In 1940 there were 902 thera-
peutists in the republic, in 1956 ? 2,265;
the number of surgeons, obstetrician-
gynecologists, neurologists, X-ray spe-
cialists and others has been increased
3-6 times. Within seventeen years the
number of general case cots in the hos-
pitals has been cut down to one-fourth,
and the number of specialized cots has
correspondingly increased.
The maturity of the medical service in
another national republic, Kazakhstan,
may be judged by the manner in which
this republic overcomes some difficult
specific problems.
In Kazakhstan there are vast territories
utilized as pastures. Every autumn the
numerous herds of sheep, counting
many million heads, are driven to winter
pastures and in the spring are returned.
Thousands of shepherds work in very
difficult geographical and climatic con-
ditions during this period. The Kazakh-
stan medical workers set themselves a
noble task ? to improve the protection of
the health of these shepherds. Fifty doc-
tor's assistant and 400 obstetric posts
were established in the distant pastures.
Comfortable houses for the curative and
prophylactic facilities were built outthere.
For instance, the premises of the doc-
tor's assistant and obstetric post in the
Aral-Kum pastures of the Iliisky district,
Alma-Ata region, consists of nine large
rooms. There are two rooms for patients,
a sanitary unit and a dispensary. A good
apartment has been built for the doctor's
assistant, head of this post.
Boggy river-valley areas are sprayed with petroeuml
oil in order to destroy the larvae of malaria-bearing
mosquitoes (Marx collective farm, Uzbek SSR) V
In a kindergarten
(Buinaksk, town in the
Daghestan ASSR)
At the first call Doctor Chirozidi from the
neighbouring Kaskelen pastures comes to
help. Well-appointed stationary medical
facilities exist in San, Kara-Kum, Umbet
and many other pastures.
Complex brigades of scientific workers
of the Surgery Institute of the Academy
of Sciences and of the Mother and Child
Protection Institute of the Kazakh SSR
regularly visit the area of these distant
pastures. Each brigade has at its disposal
a mobile X-ray installation, a clinical
laboratory, a dentist's office, a dental
mechanic's shop, a disinfection outfit,
all kinds of medical instruments and
medicines. Twice a season specialists
from the republican centre examine ab-
solutely all the chabans (shepherds) at
a number of distant pastures.
Is it not clear that if such is the state
of affairs at the distant pastures, then the
inhabitants of the towns and villages of
Kazakhstan are assuredly provided with
qualified medical aid. In 1913 there was
an average of 0.3 doctors per ten thous-
and Kazakhs and 3 hospital cots. In 1956
there were 11 doctors and 70 cots in com-
fortable, well-appointed hospitals and
sanatoriums for the same number of
people.
Within forty years a fine public health
service has been established in the
former outskirts of tsarist Russia, in the
national Soviet republics, an edifice ex-
cellently proportioned and accessible
for the people.
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HEALTH RESORTS - FOR THE PEOPLE!
The Soviet Union has at its disposal
uncounted spa resources. At present
about four thousand curative mineral
springs, seven hundred curative mud
beds, four hundred and fifty climatic
zones suitable for spas have been sur-
veyed and described. For centuries these
natural riches were not utilized at all.
"When Russian spas are mentioned,"
stated Professor Stange in his report
at a conference of spa workers in 1915,
"their small number, bad appointments
and inaccessibility for the indigent
classes are unfailingly noted." Indeed, in
Russia, on the eve of the October Revo-
lution there were only 60 sanatoriums
with 3,000 places.
The Caucasian Mineral Waters ar-
chives have retained an interesting docu-
ment of the class of visitors to the spa in
1909: there were among them landowners
and nobility ? 41.9 per cent, owners of
factories and plants, big business men ?
23.8 per cent, tsarist army officers ? 10.5
per cent, public officials, etc. ? 23.8 per
cent.
The Russian aristocracy did not seek
cures at the health resorts ? they chiefly
entertained each other, made merry and
in general squandered time and money. In
reality nobody troubled about hydrogeolo-
gical work, about keeping the mineral
spring cappings in good condition, etc.
After the October Revolution the pic-
ture has sharply changed. As early as
March 1919 Lenin signed a decree on the
nationalization of all the health resorts
in the country. "Health resorts and spas,"
states this decree, "are the property
of the republic and are to be used for
curative purposes."
All subsequent sanatorium and spa
construction was conducted under the
slogan "Health resorts ? for the working
people!" From places of entertainment
the health resorts were turned into real
factories of health. The doors of Soviet
sanatoriums and rest homes, accommo-
dating 480,000 persons, are now wide
open for all working people.
The scope of utilization of the spa re-
sourcesis demonstrated by thesefigures:
every month of the year about half a
million Soviet citizens take cure and
rest at the health resorts of our country.
5,400,000 people spent their vacation in
sanatoriums and rest homes in 1955.
Over 3,000,000 of these received passes
to these sanatoriums and rest homes
free of charge (paid for from the social
insurance fund) or charged for only 30 per
cent of the total cost. Besides, hundreds
of thousands of working people got their
passes all paid for from state funds or
at cut prices.
If you strolled over the fine Black Sea
coast beaches, looked into the palaces
of health scattered on the Riga coast,
went to Tskhaltubo, Borzhomi, Borovoye,
Sestroretsk ? everywhere you'd meet
plain Soviet people who had come to
these sanatoriums to spend their vaca-
tion, repair their health, find new strength
and vigour. In comfortable chaise-lon-
gues, under tents, you would see, side
by side, an academician and a miner,
an ordinary collective farm member from
somewhere out in Poltavshchina and a
People's Artist of the USSR or an admiral.
The sanatoriums in our country spe-
cialize in treating disorders of the cardio-
vascular system, the gastrointestinal
tract, of movements, the nervous system,
metabolism disorders, pulmonary and
" 114.4 ? ?
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/TIM
?
4 4.
A sanatorium on the shores of
the Amur Bay (Far East maritime
territory) 10.
Yalta. a descent to the sea V
The former tsarist residence, "Livadia," on the southern shores of the Crimea
is now a sanatorium. One of the recreation rooms in this sanatorium
bone tuberculosis, gynecological dis-
eases, etc.
Over half of the 2,102 sanatoriums cater
to children. More than 90 per cent of the
passes to children's sanatoriums are
issued free of charge, at the expense of
the state. These passes are distributed
by the trade union organizations ii
plants, factories and offices.
How does a Soviet citizen get a pass
to a health resort? First of all he must go
to his polyclinic and be examined by his
doctor who determines where it is most
suitable for him to go. If the local trade
union committee at his place of work
has no more free or cut-price passes, he
can buy such a pass at full price himself.
The price is within the means of an av-
erage wage-earner.
During recent years the building of
health resorts and rest homes in rural
districts at the expense of the collective
farms themselves has become quite
widespread. A collective farm in the
Kosh-Kupyr district of the Uzbek SSR,
for instance, has assigned 200,000 rubles
for building a rest home. Rest homes are
being erected by the Narimanov coopera-
tive in the Bogatsky district, the Kirov
cooperative In the Shavatsky district,
etc. The "Red Dawn" collective farm in
the Gulistan district of the Tashkent
region has already opened a cooperative
sanatorium. It is situated in a well-
appointed threo-storey building surround-
ed by a fine orchard. The collective farm
board set aside 100,000 rubles only for
buying furniture for this sanatorium. And
such examples are numerous.
One of the remarkable achievements
of Soviet Public Health Protection is the
creation of overnight sanatoriums at
many enterprises. Two years ago the
construction of one of these health insti-
tutions was completed at the Lieutenant
Schmidt Machine-Building Plant in Baku.
About 800,000 rubles was spent on it.
The equipment of the physiotherapy
cabinet of this sanatorium is not worse
that that of any clinic in the capital. Much
attention was paid to making bedrooms,
rest rooms and drawing-rooms as cosy
,and comfortable as possible.
As soon as the whistle sounds the end
of the shift the workers registered for a
month at the night sanatorium take a
bath or shower, put on the pyjamas,
bathrobes and slippers provided for them
and, after a short rest, go to the dining-
room. There they are offered a tasty and
filling dinner ? the bill of fare is suited to
all tastes. After the meal ? a rest, then
games, entertainment. The halls and
porches are always lively, merry laughter
floats in the air. Supper precedes a walk
before sleep. In the morning the workers
resting here go to their shops, to return
again by dinner-time to their factory sana-
torium.
In the USSR there were as many as 585
such sanatoriums for 20,700 people in
1956.
The beach of a sanatorium for workers of the timber
industry (Alushta)
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We have described in brief some of the aspects of the Soviet Health Protection.
Approaching the figures, facts and occurrences as critically as possible, we still find
many reasons for being proud. And we could have, most certainly, accomplished still
more if we hadn't spent eighteen of the forty years of Soviet power in war, defending our
beloved Motherland and repairing the ravaged economy of the country.
IiiiPtoir..prti tam' iiaN II 011.1'
USSR Section: Brussels Universal and International Exhibition 1958
(:)(f:? PrIn it..cit?
IT----i
Mel 5a - 5bb
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BilTaMtill C
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B6111011HfleT sawnyw ponb B o6mene aeuxecn. OH neo6xo-
num BCM H oco6enno =Tim, 6epemennum ncenwinnam, nop-
MS111111M marepnm, a Tame IMAM, 3KHATbIM T)1CflhlM
4)113nvecanni Tpynom.
Cntrrerngecuan acnop6nnonan Racnora ?
npenapaT BUTaMIIHa C ? 111111fleTCA Het1Hblhl nette6nbim
cpencraont.
YnoTpe6nenne ero oco6enno BK1RHO npn pa3nw4nbix 3a6o-
JICBaHHAX, Roma opramonly Tpe6yionn noamwennble ,K03b1
Bwraninna C.
Cntrre-rniiecnan acnop6nnonan ancnoTa npnmennercn ratone
Ann rmrammin3aunn nnuteabix nponyuroa.
1311TOMIIHHafl Flp0MbIllUleHHOCTb COBeTCK0r0 Conwa nenpepbto-
HO yaentignaaer BbIflyCK H pacwapner accoprnmenr npena-
paToa, conemawnx cnwreTwiecayw acnop6nnoayw uncurry.
B COBeTCKOM Cow3e pa3patiorambi H anenpenu B np0n3aon
CTBO noaeriwne, nan6onee cosepwennme meTonbi cnn-re3a
acnop6HHOBOri KIICKOTbl, B OCHOBy KOTOpbIX nonowenbl
nocneanne nommennn nayan u TCXIIIIKII H BbICOKOSI Kea-
nncpnicaunn o6cnywnamoutero nepconana.
Vitamin C
plays an important part in metabolism.
It is Indispensible for all persons, especially for
children, pregnant women, nursing mothers and to
those engaged in heavy physical labour.
Synthetic Ascorbic Acid, which Is a chemically pure
Vitamin C preparation, is a valuable medicinal pre-
paration.
Its prescription is especially important for treating
various diseases, when the organism demands in-
creased doses of Vitamin C
Synthetic Ascorbic Acid is also employed for vita-
minizing food products.
The vitamin industry of the Soviet Union is constant-
ly expanding the production and widening the range
of preparations containing synthetic ascorbic acid.
The vitamin industry of the Soviet Union, which is
staffed by highly trained chemists, engineers and
workers, has developed and introduced the most
up-to-date and improved methods for the synthesis
of ascorbic acid, based on the latest scientific and
engineering developments.
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liffellITOprirsa. T.
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0-17
Cexnus CCCP na Bcesinpnoit Bracrasxe 1958 r. s Brnoccene
Section de l'URSS a l'Exposition Universelle et Internationale
de Bruxelles 1958
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AJI bBOMHHHH
(Albomycinum)
crittamtteciate caoticTaa nopotuog glenToro gopmmeaoro
gopomo pacTBopMII B gucTimanpoaannoii mtge.
Hamill:reuse, A0314 II cuoco5 npnraeuenna lulb60M1111,H11 npit-
mengtoT ripu negettint nneamomin pagniigitort nuonortin, npit wroptintibtx
niteamonnax (npn lawn, ttogniome, git3eirreptin it T. A.), npii ocnogt-
Immix OT gmeirrepnit y geTeii (OTHT131, OTHThl-aHTpHTW H npn
pagangmgx cenTnmecgnx COCTOHHHHX.
IlpenapaT nygme geficTayer npit niteamogoggosbig 11)111 ctarininogog-
KOBbIX uh1c,eKuIIgx, btettee 343cbegT1me11 ripti cTpenTogoggormix
'wax. BBOXITCH nog golgy 113 pacgeTa 100 000 ? 200 000 EA na 1 gr
Beca a cyrgii. Cyrognyto g03y aaogirr B gaa npnema c nepepbmom 13
12 Amami.
Kypc negeting nponontgaetcs 7-20 gnat. Pacraopentie cogepwit-
moro amnynm c npenapaTom npottgaogaT gamggbi gitcritamipoaatinoil
creptinbiloil Bondi H3 pacgeTa 500 000 ELI 13 I MA.
413opma sulaycha AA660MHH1H mAnycgaeTcg B amnynax no
3 000 000 ELL I 000 000 Ell u 500 000 ER.
YCJI0B1111 xpartessa IlpenapaT coxpangtoT B 3anagn11ngx amnynax
rum TemnepaType tie amine 200. Cpog xpanentig 6 mecgueli.
ALB 0 MYC INE
(Albomycinum)
Description Poudre jaune ou brune, facilement soluble dans l'eau
distillee.
Indications, posologie, mode d'emploi L'albomycine est
employee pour le traitement des pneumonies d'etiologie diverse, des pneu-
monies secondaires (accompagnant rougeole, coqueluche, dysenteric, etc.),
des complications postdysenteriques chez les enfants (otites, oto-antrite
etc.), des etats septiques divers.
Son action est particulierement efficace contre les affections pneumo-
cocciques ou staphylococciques. Elle est moms active contre les streptoco-
ques. On l'injecte par vole sous-cutanee a doses de 100000-200 000 unites
par kg de poids par 24 heures. La dose journaliere totale est injectee en
deux fois toutes les 12 heures.
Le traitement dure de 7 a 20 jours. Le contenu de l'ampoule est dilue
dans de l'eau bi-distillee a raison de 500 000 unites par ml.
Presentation Ampoules contenant 3 000 000, 1 000 000 et 500 000
unites de poudre.
A garder en ampoules scellees a temperature ne depassant pas 200.
Bon pendant six mois.
ALB() MYCIN
(Albomycinum)
Physical properties A yellow or brown powder, fairly soluble in
distilled water.
Uses, administration and dosage Albomycin is used in the
treatment of pneumonia of various aetiology, secondary pneumonia (du-
ring the measles, hooping cough, dysentery, etc.) in complications resulting
from dysentery in children (otitis, oto-antritis and others) and in various
septic conditions. The drug is more effective against pneumococcal or sta.
phylococcal infections and less effective against streptococcal infections.
The daily dose of 100,000-200,000 units of activity per 1 kg. of weight is
given in two subcutaneous injections over a 12 hour interval. A course of
treatment continues from 7 to 20 days. The contents of the ampoule are
dissolved in sterilized re-distilled water, taking 500,000 units per 1 ml.
Delivery form Albomycin is dispensed in ampoules containing
3,000,000 units, 1,000,000 units and 500,000 units.
Storage The drug should be kept in sealed ampoules at a tempe-
rature not above 200 C. Term of storage ? 6 months.
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ALBOMYCIN
(Albomycinum)
Physische Eigensehaften Gelbes oder braunes Pulver, this sich
in destilliertem Wasser gut lost.
Verordnung, Dosierung und Anwendungsweise Albomy-
cin wird bei der Behandlung von Pneumonia verschiedener Athiologie,
der sekundfiren Pneumonien (bei Masern, Keuchhusten, Ruhr usw.); der
Ruhr-Komplikationen bei Kindern (Otitis, Otitis-Antritis u. a.), verschie-
dener septisc.her Zustande angewendet.
Das Priiparat wirkt besser bei pneumokokken bzw. staphilokokken
Infektionen, es ist weniger effektiv bei streptokokken Infektionen. Wird
Subcutan in Mlle von 100 000-200000 Einh. tiiglich je 1 kg des Gewichtes
eingefiihrt. Die Tagesdosis wird, in zwei Einnahmen geteilt, mit einem
Zeitabstand von 12 Stunden eingefiihrt.
Die Behandlungskur dauert von? bis 20 Tage. Das sick in der Ampulle
befindende PrOparat wird in bidestilliertem Wasser in der Konzentration
500 000 Einh. je 1 ml gelost.
Herstellungsfornt Albomycin wird in Ampullen je 3.000 000
Einh., 1.000 000 mid 500 000 Einh. hergestellt.
Aufbewahrungsbedingungen Das Priiparat wird in gut zuge-
loteten Ampullen bei einer Temperatur nicht Ober 200 aufbewahrt. Auf-
bewahrungsdauer ? 6 Monate.
USSR Section: Brussels Universal and International Exhibition 1958
Abteilung der UdSSR auf der Allgemeinen Weltausstellung
in Brussel 1958
Buctirropru3anr 31148.3 St 6 171-38
Cexums CCCP Ha Bretuiptiori
abicradme 1958 r. B Elpsoccene
Section de l'URSS a l'ExPosition Uniyerselle
et Internationale de Bruxelles 1958 .
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
CH2
.0.0\
CH2 CH2
_,CH2
AHA6A3HH
Anabosinum
AHa6a3HH-annanoHA, Bb1,48/10HH6111 H3 pacTe?
HUL
COH314411ICK140 CIIIONCTBIL Maa1f1HHCT811 CBOT-
J10.1KOATCIA wHAKoub, pacToopuman 8 BOA.
IlpHmettemme. AHa6a3HH no 43apmanono-
rH4eocHm CBOACT88M 6J1H3OK X HHKOTHily.
Ann nene6Hbix u,eneri He npumeHneTcn. Cy.nt,
ci3aT aHa6a3Hua SEU1A8TCR CHJI6Hb1M HHCOKTHCHAHbIM
CpeAcTsom. n[314MeHAIOT rilaBHb1H 06O830H AAR
60pb61.1 C apeAHTennHH cenbcnoro H J18CH0r0
X03SIACT8 B 8HA0 AYCTO8 H pacTeopoe (0,1 -10%)?
AHAE,A311H RBJIRETCR GUI bH bl M
FIAOM AAR LIEJ10BEKA. OH cnoco6eH
npomixam nepea HenoepewAeHuyto iccotcy H
CAH3HCTble.
Mary c aHa6a3HHom c.neAyeT npoHnoAwrb
381104THOrl OACWA8.
cOopria abinyoca. BbinycKaior 8Ha683HH
cynb438r B TKOJ103HbiX 604KaX no 100 Kr, Ha
3THKeTKEIX ynaableaens ? ?51.4".
ANABASIN
Anabasinum
Anabasin is an alcaloid extracted from
the plant Anabasis aphylla.
Physical Properties. An oily light-yellow
liquid, soluble in water.
Uses. Anabasin by its pharmacological
properties is allied to nicotine.
It is not used for medical purposes.
Anabasine sulphate is a strong insec-
ticide. It is used chiefly against agricultural
and sylvicultural pests in the form of dusts
and solutions (0.1-10 per cent).
ANABASIN IS A STRONG POISON
TO MAN. It penetrates through intact skin
and mucous membranes.
Anabasin treatment should be conduc-
ted in special protective clothes.
Supply. Anabasin sulphate is dispensed
in iron tubs of 100 kg., labelled "POISON".
ANABASINE
Anabastnum
Alcaloide extrait d'une plante, l'Ana-
basis aphylla.
Description. Liquide hulleux, jaune pole,
soluble dans Peou.
Indications. Par ses proprietes pharma-
cologiques l'anabasine se rapproche de la
nicotine. N'est pas employee en medecine.
Le sulfate d'anabasine est un insecticide
puissant. II s'emploie surtout contre les
parasites des champs et des forets sous
forme de poudre et solutions a 0,1-10%.
L'ANABASINE EST UN POISON VIO-
LENT POUR L'HOMME. Elle penetre
trovers la peau intacte et les muqueuses.
Les personnes maniant l'anabasine doiv-
ent porter des vetements de protection.
Presentation. Le sulfate d'anabasine se
vend en tonneaux de fer de 100 kg mar-
ques .. POISON ?.
AN A BAS IN
Anabastnum
Anabasin ist em n aus der Pflanze Ana-
basis aphylla abgesondertes Alkaloid.
Physische Eigenschaften. Hellgelbe, 01-
artige Flussigkeit, die sich in Wasser lost.
Anwendung. Den pharmakologischen
Eigenschaften nach ist dos Anabasin mit
dem Nikotin verwandt. Fur therapeutische
Zwecice wird es nicht angewendet. Ana-
basin sulfat ist em n starkes insektizides Mit-
tel. Wird hauptsachlich fur Bekampfung
der Schodlinge in der Land- und Forstwirt-
schaft in Pulverform (Dust) bzw. L8sungen
(0,1-10%) eingesetzt.
ANABASIN 1ST EIN STARKES GIFT
FUR DEN MENSCHEN. Es kann durch
die nicht beschodigte Haut und Schleim-
haute in den Organismus gelangen.
Die Arbeit mit Anabasin ist in einer
Schutzbekleidung durchzufuhren.
Herstellungsform. Anabasin sulfat wird
in eisernen Fassern zu 100 kg Inhalt in den
Handel gebradit. Das Etikett markiert man
mit dem Wort ?GIFT".
-4
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
AIIP010EH
(Aprophenum)
lopmapar A113TIVIBM111103T11/10BOTO 34mspa
np011110110BOri KIICAOT131.
cllionnectuite caoricrna Benbai apncrammecKnii nopoinox, nem: pacr-
aopsuountilcn B BoAe, paspymatomniicn B Illen0t111011 cpeAe.
Hasnanexne, A03721 H cnocodar npnsteneuruc Ilpmensnor B xanecrae
cnasmwurrnilectcoro cpeAcraa npn cnasmax Hpoaenocnbix cocyiloa pawn:Emil
noKaintsaunn ; npn 6one3nemnax nenemmx, CBSI3B1111131X co cnaammn co cro-
pow.' rAwucomwmelmbax ?prawn; 6plomnort nonocrn, a raxwe Ann ycxopenna
nopma.abnbtx po.aoa.
Hasnaqator Bums nocne e.ztb: B AO3C 25 Mr 2-4 pass. B Aenb, no,a Koacy
nnu BItyrpilmminemio ? no 5-10 mr (0,5-1 ,%in 1-nponenmoro pacraopa). TIpo-
AOMICIITenbnOCTE, neqemts 10-15 ;men.
RAH ycxopetnin poAors MONCHO BBOA11Tb U mersxy mann: 1 ritil 1-npouenrnoro
pacreopa.
IIo6oxmare spneirms Anpocben, B CBS1311 c ero arpornmonoa06nb1m
Aelicranem, mower Bbl3BaTb cyxocrb Bo pry, yvaruenue nynbca, pacumpenne
apatlicoa.
(Doppia Bairrircxa BbirrycKalor B ra6neraax no 25 mr n B amnynax no
1 iem 1-nponeirmoro pacraopa.
YCZOBES xpameaga Coxpansnor c npeAocropownocrmo (crincox ?B")
cyxom it npoxiia,anom biecre.
APROPHENE
(Aprophenum)
Chlorhydrate d'ether diethylaminoethylique d'acide diphenyl-alpha.propionique.
Description Poudre cristalline blanche, tras hydrosoluble, se desintegrant
en milieu alcalin.
Indications, posologie, mode d'emploi Indique comme agent
spasmolytique dans les spasmes vasculaires de localisation diverse; dans les etats
CE3
C-COOCIII CII3 N (CAI), ? MI
1.
41,r,
;
X-0
'116F
3
?
fqr.te.4
tik
zre
douloureux provoques par les spasmes des muscles Rases de la
cavit6 abdominale, et comme agent oxytocique.
Dose: 25 mg per os spree les repae, 2 a 4 fois par jour, ou par
voie sous?cutanee ou intra?musculaire a doses de 5-10 mg
(0,5-1 ml de solution a 1?/0). Duree du traitement: 10 a 15 jours.
Pour accelerer les contractions uterines on injecte 1 ml de solution A 10/0 dans
le col uterin.
Effets secondaires L'aprophane ayant une action analogue a celle de
l'atropine, on peut observer secheresse dans la bouche, tachycardie et mydriase.
Presentation Comprimes de 25 mg et ampoules de 1 ml de solution a 10/0.
A garder sous clef dans un endroit sec et frais.
A f' ROPIIEN
(Aprophenum)
Hydrochloride of diethylaminoethyl ester of diphenyl?alphapropyonic acid.
Physical Properties A white crystalline powder, readily soluble in
water, decomposing in alkaline medium.
Uses, Administration and Dosage Used as a spasmolytic in spasms
of blood vessels of different localization in pain due to spasms of the smooth
muscle of the abdominal viscera; used also for accelerating normal labour.
Administered orally after meals in doses of 25 mg. 2-4 times a day, subcuta-
neously or intramuscularly: 5-10 mg (0.5-1 ml. of a 10/0 solution). Duration of
treatment ? 10-15 days.
For accelerating labour 1 ml. of a lob0 solution may be introduced into the uterine
cervix.
Side Effects Aprophen, due to its atropinic effect, may cause dryness in
the mouth, increased pulse rate, dilatation of the pupils.
Supply Dispensed in tablets of 25 mg and in ampoules of 1 ml. of a 10/0
solution.
Storage Preserved with precautions in a dry, cool place.
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44,
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
APROPHEN
(Aprophenum)
Diiithylamino-athyliither-chlorhydrat der Diphenybalpha-propionsaure.
Physiache Eigenschaften Weifles kristallinisches Pulver, leicht l?slich
in Wasser, in Alkolienmilieu wird zersetzt.
Verordnung, Dosierung mid Anwendungsweise Wird als spas-
molitisches Mittel bei Krampfen der Blutgefillie verschiedener Lokalisationcn:
bei schmerzhaften Erscheinungen, die mit den Krampfen der glatten Muskeln
der Bauchhohle zusammenhiingen und auch zur Beschleunigung der normalen
Entbindung angewendet.
Man verordnet es innerlich nach dem Essen je 25 mg 2-4mal tEglich, subcutan
und intramuscular - je 5-10 mg (0,5-1 ml 1?/Diger Liisung). Dauer der Kur
10-15 Tage.
Filr die Beschleunigung der Entbindung kann 1 nil 1 ?/oiger Lasting in den
Gebiirmutterhals eingeftihrt werden.
Nebenerscheinungen Aprophen kann in Zusammenhang mit seiner
atrophiniihnlichen Wirkung Trockenheit im Munde, Beschleunigung des Pulses
und Pupillenerweiterung hervorrufen.
llerstellungsform Wird in Tabletten je 25 mg bzw. in Ampullen je 1 ml
1 Voiger LOsung hergestellt.
Aufbewahrungsbedingungen Wird mit Vorsicht (Lute B) in einem
trockenen und kuhlen Raum aufbewahrt.
USSR Section: Brussels Universal and International Exhibition 1958
Abteilung der UdSSR auf der AllgemeinenWeltausstellung in Brussel 1958
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
-
A P M I4 H
ArmInum
ApNuni-cnnTernmecnnit npenapar,npnnannentaunn1 ic rpynnecnoncumx
o(I)IIpon aniaimpocrpopluax nucnoT.
0113IIIIECIME CBOnCTBA : iliiumovrb opanmeno-meaToro HEIM,
6e3 aanaxa.
IIA3HAtIE1-114E, )103b1 11 CEIOCOBbI Apmim
o6naBaeT nbiccmoit xojhuhI0MllMenllutbCI0lt annumocTbio, mTo o6ycaonneno
npncyuien emy cnoco6BocTbt0 imaimmirporram xo.quiraurepaay.
ilpoMeHoloT npii nnaylioNie II cocTonunnx, noma 1Leo6x0p,um0 umnan,
cymenne opamna (npo6oge1ine-p0r0ni1Itbi, nunaBeiiiie xpycTanitua it
a Tau-Ate up: ne06xoAnm0urn ennTun aTponnuonoro mnApnaaa n nuanan-
noro HM napanutia annomoganun.
IIa3namatoT n num raaalibix naneab n nonnenTpannn 1:20000 no Am
Hamm 2-3 pan B Beim ii 6onee.
B quinx nonyttenun 6onee nonnoro *Donn UpUMCIIOIOT n nomGuna-
non c nimoltapnimom.
110B04HbIE B oTBenblibix caytianx iia6m0Bar0Tcri no-
6oglibie nmemin: noBepriinaiiite BCH, Goan B maaax ro.nornian
6onb, itliorBa 6hicTpo npoxognalan ninepemitn caimitc?roll man.
HoGotiume nnneiriin ripoxoBwr camouronTeabno.
(DOPMA BbIllYCHA. BbinyciiatoT B minimax, coBepwauttix 10 ma
pacTimpa 1:20000.
XPAHEHIM: CoxpaiimoT not aanmoNt (crincoir npo-
xaaBliom NtecTe.
ARMINE
Arminum
Compose synthetique appartenant au groupe d'ethers composes d'acides
alkyl-phosphoriques.
Description: Liquide jaune-orange, inodore.
Indications, posologie, mode d'emploi: L'ormine possede une octivite
cholinomimetique tres elevee qui s'explique par son pouvoir d'inhiber la
cholinesterase.
417:17.7?3:57-rarri:t.77?76i,11,-,,?- ? -
gsod.)'URSS.a'I'EzPoslbon
??
&t.-- ?,31-.ert.,;(0,A:-
eqkerr
On l'emploie dans le traitement du glaucome et dons les maladies ocu-
laires oi l'on cherche a produire le myosis (perforation de la cornee, prolapse
du cristallin, etc.), et aussi lorsqu'on veut neutraliser la mydriase et l'action
cycloplegique de l'atropine.
Employee en collyre a 1:20000 deux gouttes dans chaque oeil 2 ou 3 fois
par jour et plus. L'association a la polocarpine renforce son effet.
Effets secondaires: On observe parfois le tic palpebral, des douleurs dans
les globes oculaires et les tempes, la cepholee, l'hyperemie transitoire des
conjonctives. bus ces phenomenes disparaissent spontanement.
Presentation: Flacon de 10 ml contenant la solution a 1:20000. A garder
sous clef dans un endroit frais.
ARMIN
Arminum
Armin is a synthetic preparation belonging to the group of esters of alkyl-
phosphoric acids.
Physical Properties: An odourless, orange-yellow liquid.
Uses, Administration and Dosage: Armin possesses high cholinomimetic
activity, due to its ability to inactivate cholinesterase.
Used in glaucoma and to produce constriction of the pupil (perforation
of the cornea, displacement of the crystalline lens, etc.), when it is necessary
to eliminate atropin mydriasis and paralysis of accommodation caused by it.
Administered as eye drops in a 1:20000 concentration, 2 drops 2-3 times
a day or more often.
To achieve a more complete effect it is used in combination with pylo-
carpin.
Side Effects: Sometimes side effects are observed: tremor of the eyelids,
pain in the eyes and temples, headache, sometimes temporary hyperaemia
of the mucous membrane of the eye. These phenomena pass without assist-
ance.
Supply: Armin is dispensed in gloss bottles containing 10 ml. of 1:20000
solution.
Storage: The drug should be preserved under lock and key in a cool place.
?tb,.-.:hg11,,t4Zr ,
, ?
? t
on Brussels .Unnrarsal- a inatiOnat'
-tionY29
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release . 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
ARMIN
Arminum
Ein synthetisches Priiparat aus der Gruppe der Alkylphosphorsaureester.
Physische Eigenschaften: Orange-gelbe, geruchlose Fliissigkeit.
Verordnung, Dosierung und Anwendungsweise: Armin hat eine hohe choly-
nomymetische Aktivitat, was auf eine ihm eigene Fahigkeit die Cholynasterase
zu inaktivieren zuriickzufiihren ist.
Wird bei Glaukoma und bei Zustanden, wenn es notwendig ist die Pupillen-
verengung hervorzurufen (Hornhautperforation, Linsenausfallen u. a.) oder die
Atropinmydriase und die mit ihr zusammenhangenden Paralyse der Accomo-
dation aufzuheben, verwendet.
Man verordnet es als Augentropfen (Konzentration 1:20000) je 2 Tropfen
2-3mal taglich.
Urn bessere Wirkung zu erreichen verwendet man es in Kombination mit
Pilocarpin.
Nebenerscheinungen: In einzelnen Fallen werden Nebenerscheinungen be-
obachtet und zwar: Augenliderzudcen, Augen- und Schlafenschmerzen. Kopf-
schmerzen, manchmal rasch vergehende Hyperemia der Augenschleimhaut.
Alle Nebenerscheinungen vergehen von selbst.
Herstellungsform: Wird in Brichsen 10 ml Inhalt, 1:20000 Lasung her-
gestellt.
Aufbewahrungsbedingungen: Aufbewahrung unter VerschluB (Liste A) in
einem kithlen Raum.
OM
Cexu,sol CCCP ria Bcernipuoil
obtcraave 1958 r. a 6plocce.ne
Section de l'URSS a l'Exposition Universelle
et Internationale de Bruxelles 1958
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tAilsszes-0441t5931,
"
?
HO? in powders in doses of 0.025-0.05 gni 1-2 times a da).
Course of treatment 10-12 da),
Contraindications. The drug is contraindicated in m), asthenia gravis, cardio-
vascular insuffiency, serious diseases of the liver and the kidne)s.
In case of complications use an as antidote 0 5-ml. of a sterilized mixture
consisting of prostigmine 0.005 gin, atropin sulphate 0 01 gin ephednn hydro-
chloride 1 gin and distilled water 20 gin.
Supply. The drug is dispen-ed in powder form.
Storage. Condelphin should be kept under lock and kex
USSR Section: Brussels Universal and International Exhibition 1958
_
.qauwzrzi,,
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n9 fltl
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KONDELPHIN
Condelphinum
Kondelphin ist ein Alkolotd, das aus der Pflanze Delphinium cortfusum
abgesondert wurde.
Physische Eigenschaften. Feinkristallinisches, leicht gelblieltes Pulver, un-
i?slich in Wasser, gut loslich in organtschen LOsungsmittelti.
Verordnung, Dosierung und Anwendungsweise. Kondelphin wirkt kurare-
iihnlich. Es findet Verwendung beim pathologisch erholtten Tonus der Knochen-
genistmuskeln und anderen Storungen der Bewegung?funktion, die ttuf Grund
der Erkrankung des Nervensystems-Tratima entstanden stnd (Parkinsintsmus)
Dissentnitutte Sclerose, spastische traumattsche Paralyse U. dgl.).
Man N emend e t es 'noel-Itch in Pulver je 0.025-0,05 g 1-2mal taglich.
Die Dauer der Kur 10-12 Tztge.
Gegenanzeige. Wird bet Mtasthenta, Dekompensation der Herz- und Ge-
fiifietiitigkett bet seltweren Leber- und Nterenerkrankungen gegenangczeigt.
liii Falle von Kornplikationen als Gegengift trd em stertlisiertes Geintsch
aus Proserin ? 0,005 g; schwefelsaurem Atropin ? 0,01 g; salzsaurcm Eplic-
drin ? 1 g, destilltertem asscr ? 20 g in Hobe N on 0,5-1,0 ml innerlich
verordnet.
Herstellungsform. Wird in Pulver hergestellt.
Aufbewahrungsbedingungen. Wird unter Versehluf3 (Lisle A) aufbewahrt.
CeHHHH CCCP Ha BeemilpHoil HbicTaince
1958r. 13 Bpoccene.
Abteilung der 'UdSSR aur der Allgemeinen Weltaussteilung iri BriAsei 1958
BilemToprumaT 3atzaa M 6 172-38
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
HYTI130H
Cuthizonum
TirocemilHap5aaon p-naonponnaGeHaaabAernAa
de 1 an a 3 ans . 0,001 g
de 3 a 5 ans 0,0015g
de 5 a 7 ans 0,002g
de 7 a 10 ans . ? . 0,003g
de 11 a 14 ans . ? 0,004 g
CH3
CH -
CH3
01,13114ECKFIE CBOliCTBA:
B0p1Thal B Bone, xopomo paCTI30pnbibl
HA3HAtIEHIIE, ,1103bI
GOAL/MIX BnpycHkam rpnnnorn,
BaHlfn.
KyTnaoll noHaaaH npn Bcex
aux, Tax 15 y AeTett.
HaaHatialoT Bnyrpb Bapoc.num
3 net;A neTHm - no 1 Ta5nezRe
unix noanpomtax Ha npnern:
OT 1 roga go 3 Rel.
OT 3 JleT AO 5 Her
OT 5 nor go 7 HeT
OT 7 neT no 10 JleT
OT 11 HeT AO 14 ReT
CnegyeT co6mogam OCT0p0MHOeTb
neBaH15nmu neqemr.
(DOPMA BbIIIYCHA: BunycHalca
0,005 r, ynaHoBaHHux B HOHBOHIOTIal
YCJIOBIIFI XPAHEHI4PI:
Con B).
CUTHIZONE
p-isopropylbenzaldehyde de
11 CIIOCOBbI
HyTH3OH
rriopmax
3-4
CoxpamnoT
Cuthizonum
thiosemicarbazone
- CH =N - NH -C - NH2
Bemmennne HpucTaxnu, zpyAno pacz-
B mom.
Y mogelt,
coRpaigaeT AJIHTeJIMIOCTb aa6one-
Blipyclioro rpunna HaH y Bapoc-
no 0,005 r Tim paaa B )Hb B TeneHne
AH11 nogpog Tpr: paaa B geHb B cneAylo-
0,001 r
0,0015 r
0,002 r
0,003 r
0,004 r
npn HaaHaneHun 60J1bHLIM c 3a6o-
B Ta6.neTHax no 0,001, 0,002 n
no 10 arryx.
c npeocToponurocTbio (cnn-
Administrer avec precautions
Presentation: Tubes de 10 comprimes
Conserver avec precaution.
p-isopropylbenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone
CH3
CH3 CH -
Physical Properties: Occurs
fairly soluble in alcohol.
Uses, Administration and Dosage:
influenza. Cuthizon is used in
children.
Administered orally for adults
3 days; for children: 1 tablet 3 times
1 - 3 years - 0.001
3- 5 years - 0.0015
5 - 7 years - 0.002
7-10 years - 0.003
11-14 years - 0.004
Special care is necessary in
Supply: Dispensed in tablets
up by tens.
Storage: Cuthizon should be
aux
CUTHIZON
Cuthizonum
as colourless
all
in
gm.
gm.
gm.
gm.
gm.
administering
of
preserved
hepatiques.
de 0,001; 0,002 et 0,005 g.
- CH =N - NH -C - NH2
crystals, hardly soluble in water,
Cuthizon shortens the duration of virus
forms of virus influenza in adults or in
doses of 0.005 gm. 3 times a day for
a day for 3-4 days in the following doses:
it to patients with liver diseases.
0.001 gm., 0.002 gm. and 0.005 gm. rolled
with precautions.
- CH =N - NH -C - NH2
CH
CH3 CH -
Description: Cristaux incolores, peu solubles dons l'eau, bien solubles dans
l'alcool.
Indications, posologie, mode d'emploi: Le cuthizone parait abreger la
duree de la grippe a virus. ll est indique dans toutes les formes de grippe de
l'adulte et de ['enfant.
Dose adulte: 0,005 g 3 fois par jour pendant 3 jours. Pour les enfants:
un comprime 3 fois par jour 3 ou 4 jours de suite a doses suivantes:
Section de l'URSS a l'Exposition Universelle et Internationale de Bruxelles 1958
?En... ? CS
KUTHISON
Cuthizon urn
P-isopropylbenzaladehyd-thiosemycarbazon
- ci-i =N - NH -C -
CH3
CH
/
Physische Eigenschaften: Farblose Kristalle, schwer I8slich in Wosser, gut
I8slich in Alkohol.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
Verordnung, Dosierung und Anwendungsweise: Bei Menschen, die an Virus-
grippe erkrankt sind, verkurzt dos Kuthison die Dauer der Erkrankung.
Kuthison wird bei alien Formen der Virusgrippe sowohl fiir Erwachsene als
ouch fur Kinder angewandt.
Man verordnet es innerlich den Erwachsenen je 0,005 g dreimal tiiglich im
Laufe von 3 Tagen; den Kindern je 1 Tablette dreimal taglich im Laufe von
3-4 Tagen in folgender Dosierung:
im Alter von 1 Jahr bis 3 Jahre ? 0,001 g
im Alter von 3 Jahren bis 5 Jahre ? 0,0015 g
im Alter von 5 Jahren bis 7 Jahre ? 0,002 g
im Alter von 7 Jahren bis 10 Jahre ? 0,f3 g
im Alter von 11 Jahren bis 14 Jahre ? 0,004 g
Bei der Verordnung des Praparates an Leberkranke 1st ouBerste Vorsicht
zu bewohren.
Herstellungsform: Wird in Tabletten je 0,001, 0,002 und 0,005 g, verpackt
in Konvaluten je 10 Stuck, hergestellt.
Aufbewahrungbedingungen: Wird mit Vorsicht (Liste B) aufbewahrt.
CYT1SINUM
COKUMSI CCCP no Sten-manor'
sea-mime 1958 r. B Sphoccone
Section de l'URSS a l'Exposition UniverseIle
et Internationale de Bruxelles 1958
H H
C C? CM2
\
HC/'CH NH
It I I 2 i
HC N C? CHz
?/ /1-1
C
H2
0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
um;b4ssitied in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release
LIPITH3HH-BJIKBJ1OHAr
LOIT143101H
Cytisinum
coAep)kawmrics a cememax paKHTFOIKa (Cytisus
laburnum) ca Tepmoncmca (Thermopsts lanceolata).
CiDu3suecto4e csortalia. benbI HJ1H cnerka AeJlT0138TbIll ximicTan-
mw?teckmil nopowok, JleTKO pacTsopsioLLIMACS a soAe. PacTsopel mmeior
wenommpo peakumfo.
Hawfaitetime, Aoobi cnoco6 npumenenbui. lipenapaT sensems
34pcipekTmembim so36yAm-renem AbOteHHR ; noeuwaer Terme xpossmoe ABB-
neHtie. ilpmmemsens B cnywae pecf)nex-ropmblx ocramosok AbIXBI31151 npm
onepaumsx, Tpaemax H pa3.nri9mbix orpasnemmsx; npm ocna6nemm53x Aeixa-
Tenbmor4 H cepAe4mo-cocyAucToPi AesTenbmocm, 06yCJIOBABHHbIX paanum-
HbIMM HHTOKCHKBLIHAMH (orpaenemme OKHCb10 yrnepom, CHHH.11bH011 KHCJ10-
Tat, mapkormkamm H AP.) H HH4heK14140HHb1M11 3a6onesammsmw, npm woke
H KOJIJIAPTOHANbIX COCTORHHAX, yriieremirt AbIXBHHA H kpoeoo6pawemws
nocneonepawiommom nepmoAe; npm acciamkom moaopoxAemmbix.
AAR MeAHLOINCKHX yeneri npmmemsto-r 0,150/0 pac-reop 411TH3HHa 13 soAe,
npeAcTaansiowmA co6oA 6ecu4eermyio, npo3pa4myto ,kmAkoc-re; semyckaro-r
ero a amny.nax noA ma3sammem ?gwrwrom (Cytitonum)
LI,HTHT0H BBpAST smy-rpmmbauemmo, BHYTPHBeHHO H 110AKOAHO B Ao3ax
0,5 ? 1 mn. klmeekwim t4tITHT0Ha moryr 6ei-re noa-ropembi npw meo6xo-
ACIM0CTH 4epe3 10 ? 15 mwmr.
L1, 147111-0H wmpoko npmmemstOT KK cpeAc-reo Ans onpeAenemws CKOpOCTH
kpoeoo6pawemms (npw nomowm cekywAomepa ycramaanmeatOT nporie)Krox
apemeHm, KOTOpb1P1. 11p0X0AHT C momem-ra eseAemms B nokTesyka Emmy
0,7 ? 1 MJ1 U,HTHT0Ha AO nosenemms nepsoro rny6okoro sAoxa).
Bbicwasi pa3osas Ao3a noA kcmy H smrpmaemmo ? 0,0015 1414TH3HHa
(1 MA LAHTHTOHB), BbICUJBA cy-rommas A03a ? 0,003 1411TH311Ha (2 MJ1 1.1,14-
THT01-1.3).
11 poTHaonoKa3auHl. flpcmisonoKa3aH npm rs>kenbix oprammtlectmx
nopaxemmsx cepAu,a, ablpamemmom apTepmocknepoae, rmneprommm.
COoptia isbonycKa. LIHTH3MH abinyckatoT B nopowke H B EttiAke U,HTH-
roma a amnynax no 1 mn.
YCJI0BHfl xpanensin. 1-11ITH3HH COXpeHRIOT noA 3amKom (cnmcok ?A"),
B xopowo 3akynopemmbix 6amxax, a cyxom mem.
LtHINTOH B amnynax coxpomsicyr c npoAoc-ropommocrevo (cnmcok ?6").
50-Yr 2013/10/29. CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
CH CH-CH2
\NH
2
II I I I
HCN?,N/CM?CM2
C CH2
0
CYTISINE
CytIsinum
Alcoloide contenu dans les groines de cytisus laburnum et de thermopsis
lanceolata.
Description. Poudre cristalline blanche ou *mitre, tres hydrosoluble. Les
solutions sont alcolines.
Indications, posologie, mode d'emploi. C'est un stimulant efficace du centre
respiratoire egolement apte ? faire monter la tension arterielle. Employe en cos
d'arret respiratoire d'origine reflexe lors des interventions chirurgicales, a la suite
de traumatisme et d'intoxication ; indiquee dans le traitement de faiblesse res-
piratoire et cardio-vasculaire provoquees par des intoxications diverses (monoxyde
de carbone, acide cyanhydrique, narcotiques, etc.) et des maladies infectieuses ;
choc et itats collaptoides, depression respiratoire et circulatoire dans la periode
postoperotoire, asphyxie des nouveaux-nes.
On emploie la solution aqueuse de cytisine a 0,15% en ampoules sous le
nom de Cytitone C'est un liquide limpide, incolore.
Le cytitone est injecte par voie intra-musculaire, intra-veineuse et sous-cutanee
a dose de 0,5-1,0 ml. Si besoin est on repete !Injection apres 10 ou 15 minutes.
Le cytitone est tres employe pour l'etude de la vitesse circulotoire. On mesure
le temps entre l'injection dans la veine cubitale de 0,7-1,0 ml de cytitone et
l'apparition de la premiere respiration profonde.
Dose maximum (par voie sous-cutanee et intra-veineuse) 0,0015 de cytisine,
soit 1 ml de cytitone. Dose maximum par 24 heures : 0,003 tie cytisine (2 ml de
cytitone).
Contre-indication. Lesions organiques du cur graves, atherosclerose nette,
hypertension arterielle.
Presentation. La cytisine peut etre obtenue sous forme de poudre ou en am-
poules de 1 ml sous le nom de cytitone.
A garder sous clef dons des bocoux bien clos dons un endroit sec.
Le cytitone (en ampoules) doit etre garde avec precaution.
195
...
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release
50-Yr 2013/1noci (-IA in "
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
CYTISIN
Cytisinum
Cytisin is an alkaloid from the seeds of cytisus laburnum and thermopsis
lonceoloto.
Physical Properties. A white or slightly yellowish crystalline powder, well
soluble in water. Its solutions have on alkaline reaction.
Uses, Administration and Dosage.The drug is an effective respiratory stimulant,
it also increases the blood pressure. Used in cases of reflex respiratory arrest
during operations, in traumas and different intoxications; in cases of depressed
respiratory and vasocardial activity caused by different intoxications (by carbon
monoxide, cyanic acid, narcotics, etc.) and infectious diseases; in shock and
colloptoid states, respiratory and circulatory inhibition in the postoperative period;
in asphyxia of the newborn.
For medical purposes a 0.15 per cent aqueous solution of cytisin is used.
It is a colourless transparent liquid, dispensed in ampoules under the name
of "Cytiton" (Cytitonum).
Cytiton is injected intramuscularly intravenously and subcutaneously in doses
of 0.5-1 ml. If necessary the injections may be repeated after 10-15 minutes.
Cytiton is widely used for determg the blood circulation rote (the interval
between the injection into the ulnar vein of 0.7-1 ml. of cytiton and the first
deep inspiration is determined by a stop-watch).
Maximum single dose for subcutaneous and intravenous injection is 0.0015 of
cytisin (1 ml. of cytiton), maximum daily dose ? 0.003 of cytisin (2 ml. of cytiton).
Contraindications. Contraindicated in cases of serious organic defects of the
heart, manifest arteriosclerosis, hypertension.
Supply. Cytisin is dispensed in powders and as cytiton in ampoules of 1 ml.
Storage. Cytisin should be kept under lock and key, in well stoppered jars,
in a dry place.
Cytiton in ampoules should be preserved with precautions.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
CYTISIN
Cytisinum
Cytisin ist em n Alkaloid, dos aus den Samen der Pflanzen Citisus laburnum
und Thermopsis lanceolata abgesondert wurde.
Physische Eigenschaften. Weifies bis gelblic-hes kristallinisches Pulver, dos
sich leicht in Wasser lost. Die LOsungen weisen alkalische Reoktion auf.
Verordnung, Dosierung und Anwendungsweise. Das Proparat ist em n effek-
tiver Erreger des Atmens, es erhoht audi den Blutdruck. Wird im FaIle der reflek-
torischen Stockung des Atmens wohrend Operationen, bei Trauma und ver-
schiedenen Vergiftungen, Schwache der Atmungs- und HerzgefoBtatigkeit, die
durch verschiedene Intoxikationen (Vergiftung mit Kohlenoxyd, Blausaure, Nor-
kotiken u. a.) und anstedKeHutHHam npoBoAsT am6y.naTopHo mecTHoe segeHme, o6pa6aTbiaas ypeTpy, mo4e-
sok' ny3bipb H npsmyto KHL1JKy, a 4epe3 4 AHA nposoAsT semeHme weAKH MeTKH. 3TH
npoueAypbu BHOBb nosropstor flOAHOCT1310 4epe3 4 AHA.
B moveaori ny3bipb H np?mwo taitincy BBOAAT no 10 MA 1/4-1/20/0 a3secH Tpwco?
moHaut4Aa 8 ea3entmort0m mune.
B weAKy MaTKH BBOAAT Te6AeTKH TptixomoHauHAa no 0,025 ? 0,05 I*.
Y xetitutari C TO4e4HbIM 3eaom UJee4Hbirl KeHaA o6p36arbleator nopowKoo6pa3Hum
npenaparom, BBOAHMIAM C nomoLublo 30HAe, 06MOTeHHOr0 BaTOrl.
B npomewyrKax memAy npougAypamm, nposoAmmbimm am6ysaTopHo, 6o.nbHa8 exeA-
HeBHO Ha nporsoKeHHH 10 Atiet1 noc.ne Tyanera Ha H04b BBOAHT BO anarainnue r.no6y.nta,
coAerwawHe 0,05 ? 0,1 r TpwcomoHaumAa
.11e4eHHe nposoAsT Ha npoTsmeHHH Tpex n0.110660( U,HKAOB nocse OKOH4aHHA meH-
crtnauHH? flocseArowHe Asa witcsa MOACHO nposoAwrb TOAbK0 C o6pa6orKoll wawa
marmot pi asaranHtua.
BepemeHHEAm AceHuoimam, crpaAaKmnam TOWHOTOrl H pBOTOCI, a Tal0Ke B no34HHe
cooKsi 6epemeHHocrw peKomeHAyeTcs orpaHworrb Kypc novel-nut mecrHbum npHmeHeHmem
npenapara, ssoAs BO ssarasHtue exceA,HeaHo a TeHeHme 10 AH6:I rso6y.nti, coAep)Katume
0,05 r TpHxomoHauHAa
B03/10*Clibte ocn0wliemin.Y)KeHtlAHH1303M014(Hblno9e.8eHm9 CTeKAOBHAHblX, 06HAb-
HbIX ebtAeseHHA H Henprismble owyweHms B 06AaCTH snarasHwa. flocse epemeHHoci
OTMeHbi HAH CHH)KeHHA 403b1 npenapara 3TH ABAeHHA flp0X0AAT.
Y my)K4HH moryT He6AVOAaTbCA 06HAbHble BblAeJleHHA H3 yperpbt. B 3THX CAy438X
runisaHme npenapara B yperpy spemeHHo npeKpawator.
CIDoppla sbmycKa. lipenapar ebtnycKator B nopowKe H 1a6serKax no 0,025,
0,05 H 0,1 r.
VCJIOBHS xpanemus. COXID3HCHOT C npeAocroposutocrbto (crui(oK ?B")
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release
?
NH?CH?CH2?CH2?CH2?N (C2H5)2
CH30? 00 CH3
?NO2. 3H3PO4
TRICHOMONACIDE
Trichomonacidum
Triphosphate de 6-metoxy2 (4 nitrostiryI)-4?cc methyl-8 diethyl?amino?butyl-
amino?quinoline.
Description. Fins cristaux jaunes tres solubles dans l'eau et l'olcool.
Indications, posologie, mode cremploi. Efficace dans le traitement des affec-
tions causees par le trichomonas vaginalis. Tout en detruisant les parasites le
trichomonacide exerce aussi une action bactericide sur la flare coccique.
Le medicament s'emploie d'une facon combinee, per os et en applications
topiques. Le traitement general (per os) dure de 3 a 5 jours. Les comprimes sont
administres apres les repos. La dose journaliere de 0,3 g est repartie en trois
prises. Pour les enfants on diminue la dose selon l'Oge.
Parallelement au traitement general on procede a un traitement local.
Pour les hommes : instillation intra-urethrale de 10 ml de solution a 1 % pen-
dant 10-15 minutes 5 ou 6 lours de suite. La cure peut etre repetee apres un
intervolle de 10 6 20 jours. Pour les femmes: traitement tonique de l'urethre, de
la vessie et du rectum, et 4 jours apres du col uterin. Le traitement est ambu-
lant, et peut etre repete entierement apres 4 jours. On injecte dans la vessie et
le rectum 10 ml de suspension de trichomonacide a%? dans l'huile vase-
linee. Le col uterin est traite par l'introduction de comprimes de trichomonacide
de 0,025-0,05g.
Le col ponctiforme est traite par l'introduction dans le canal cervical de poudre
de trichomonacide sur une sonde recouverte de coton hydrophile.
Dans les intervalles entre les traitements successifs, la malade peut se servir
des ovules vaginaux contenant 0,05-0,1 g de trichomonacide. Les ovules s'in-
troduisent avant le coucher, apres la douche vaginale, pendant 10 jours de suite.
Le traitement dure 3 cycles menstruels apres la cessation des dernieres regles.
Les deux cycles suivants peuvent etre limites au traitement du col et du vagin.
Les femmes enceintes souffrant des vomissements de la grossesse, et aussi
au cours des derniers mois de la grossesse ne seront soumises au'au traitement
topique : un ovule vaginal renfermant 0,05 g de trichomonacide par jour pen-
dant 10 jours.
Comprications. Les femmes se plaignent parfois de sensations desagreables
dans le vagin et de l'apparition de glaires vitreuses. Un arret temporaire du
medicament ou la diminution de la dose reussissent a faire disparaitre ces symp-
tomes. On peut observer chez l'homme un ecoulement urethral important qui
cedera 0 l'arret temporaire de la medication.
Presentation. Sous forme de poudre et en comprimes de 0,025; 0,05 et 0,1 g.
A garder avec precaution.
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Declassified in Pad- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
TRICHOMONACIDE
Trichomonacklum
Triphosphote of 6 methoxi 2 (4' nitrostyryl) 4 (a methyl-8 diethyl?amino?butyl-
amino)?quinoline.
Physical Properties. Fine yellow crystals, readily soluble in water and alcohol.
Uses, Administration and Dosage. Trichomonacide is an effective remedy
against trichomonad diseases. Destroying trichomonads, it is effective also against
cocci flora.
It is used against trichomonad diseases caused by trichomonas vaginalis.
Treatment is conducted by combining local and systemic (per os) administration.
Systemic treatment lasts 3-5 days.
Administration is advisable after meals.
The daily dose 0.3 gm. is divided into 2-3 doses.
The dose for children is reduced accordingly to age.
Local treatment is applied simultaneously with oral administration.
Males during 5-6 days are given daily instillations of trichomonacide into the
urethra: 10 ml. of a 1% solution for 10-15 minutes. The course of treatment may
be repeated after 10-20 days.
Females, treated as out-patients, are given local treatment of the urethra,
bladder and rectum, and after 4 days ? the uterine cervix. The procedure is
repeated completely after 4 days.
10 ml. of 1/4-1,42% suspension of trichomonacide in vcrseline oil is introduced
into the bladder and rectum.
Into the uterine cervix trichomonacide tablets of 0.025-0.05 gm. are introduced.
The cervical canal in females with an extremely thin os is treated with the
preparation in powder form introduced by means of a probe with cotton wool.
In the intervals between treatment at the clinic the patient for 10 days every
night at bed time, after vaginal douche introduces intb the vagina globules con-
taining 0.05-0.1 gm. of trichomonacide.
The treatment is continued during three menstrual cycles after the last period.
During the two following cycles only the uterine cervix and vagina are to be
treated.
For pregnant women affected with nausea and vomiting, and in the later
period of pregnancy it is advisable to confine the course of treatment to local
application, introducing into the vagina every day during 10 days globules con-
taining 0.05 gm. of trichomonacide.
Possible Complications. In females the appearance of abundant vitreous dis-
charge and unpleasant sensations in the vaginal region is possible. After a
temporary discontinuation and lessened dosage, these phenomena disappear.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release
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Declassified in Part- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
In males abundant discharge from the urethra may be observed. In this case
urethral instillations should be temporarily discontinued.
Supply. The preparation is dispensed in powder form and in tablets of 0.025,
0.05 and 0.1 gm.
Storage. Preserved with precautions.
TRICHOMONACID
Trichomonacidum
Triphosphorsalz des 6-metoxy-2, 4,1-Nitrostiryl /4/-cc-methyl-8-diathyl?amino?
butylamino?c.hinolins.
CH30-
NH -CH -CH2 -CH2-CH2-N (C2H4)2
CH3
-CH=. CH -
-NO2. 3H3PO4
Physisthe Eigenschaften. Feine gelbliche Kristalle, die sich leicht in Wasser
und Alkohol lasen.
Verordnung, Dosierung und Anwendungsweise. Trichomonacid ist em n effektives
Mittel fiir die Behandlung der trichomonaden Erkrankungen. lndem es vernichtend
auf die Trichomonade wirkt, hat es auch gleichzeitig eine bakterizide Wirkung
gegen die Kokkenflora:
Wird Kir die Behandlung der trichomonaden Erkrankungen, die durch Tricho-
monas vaginalis hervorgerufen werden, eingesetzt. Die Trichomonacidkur wird so
durchgefijhrt, daB man die lokale und allgemeine (per os) Anwendung des Pra-
parates gleichzeitig durchfijhrt.
Die gesamte Kur dauert 3-5 Tage. Das Praparat ist nach dem Essen einzu-
nehmen.
Die Tagesdosis 0,3 g verteilt man auf 2-3 Einnahmen. Die Dosis far Kinder
ist nach dem Alter zu kiirzen.
Gleichzeitig mit der inneren Verordnung des Praparates fart man eine lokale
Behandlung durch.
Jeden Tag wird den Mannern 10 ml 1%iger Lasung Trichomonacidlosung in
die Urethra fijr 10-15 Minuten eingefijhrt Die Kur dauert 5-6 Tage und kann
in 10-20 Tagen wiederholt werden. Die Frauen bekommen eine ambulatorische
lokale Behandlung, indem man die Urethra, die Harnblase, den Mastdarm und
4 Tage nachher den Gebarmutterhals mit dem Praparat bearbeitet. Diese Proze-
duren werden in vollem Umfang in 4 Tagen wiederholt. In die Harnblase und in
den Mastdarm fiihrt man 10 ml 1/4- bzw. %%iger Lasung des Trichomonacides in
Vaselinol em. In den Gebarmutterhals fiihrt man Trichomonacidtabletten 0,025
bzw. 0,05 g em.
Bei den Frauen, die einen punktierten Gebarmuttermund haben, bearbeitet
man den Halskanal mit Trichomonacidpulver, das mit Hilfe eine: Sonde, einge-
widcelt in Watte, eingefiihrt wird. In den Pausen zwischen den Prozeduren, die
ambulatorisch durchgefiihrt werden, fiihrt die Kranke in die Vagina taglich im
Laufe von 10 Tagen (nach Waschen vor Schlafengehen) Kugeln em, die 0,05-0,1 g
des Praparats enthalten.
Die Behandlung fahrt man drei Geschlechtszyklen long, jedesmal nach Auf-
haren der Menstruation, durch.
Wahrend der letzten zwei Zyklen kann die Behandlung mit der Bearbeitung
des Gebarmutterhalses und der Vagina begrenzt werden.
Far schwangere Frauen, die an Clbelkeit und Erbrechen leiden, und wahrend
der spateren Schwangerschaft, wird es empfohlen, die Behandlung mit der lokalen
Anwendung des Praparates zu begrenzen, indem man taglich, 10 Tage long, in
die Vagina Kugeln einfiihrt, die 0,05 g des Trichomonacides enthalten.
Etwaige KomplikatIonen. Bei Frauen sind glasartige, reiche Sekretionen und
unangenehme Empfindungen im Vaginalbereich moglich. Diese Erscheinungen
vergehen nach Aufharen der Einnahme bzw. nach Kiirzung der Dosis.
Bei Mannern kannen reiche Sekretionen aus der Urethra beobachtet werden.
In diesem Falle ist die Einffihrung des Praparates in die Urethra zeitweilig ein-
zustellen.
Herstellungsform. Das Proparat wird in Pulver bzw. in Tabletten je 0,025, 0,05
und 0,1 g hergestellt.
Aufbewahrungsbedingungen. Wird mit Vorsicht (Liste B) aufbewahrt.
USSR Section: Brussels Universal
and International Exhibition 1958
Abteilung der UdSSR auf der Allgemeinen
Weitausstellung in Brussel 1958
BMOUJT0p913MIT. 33103 Ng 6 173-38
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release
50 -Yr 201
. -RD _ ann
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
Cempm CCCP Ha Bcompnoti nurcTamie 1958r. B Binoccene
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
TP011A11141i
Tropacinum
XnoprinkpaT Tponnuonoro aqinpa AmDennayncycnoll
CHI?CH?CH2
N ? CH3 JH?O?CO?CH
I
CH2--CH?CH2
(1)11311IIECKHE CBOnCTBA
BpncTaanntiecnuti nopowon rophnoro nuyca. Xopouto
paCTDOplIM B BOAC, cuhipTo, x.nopmpopste, nepacTnopust B 3qmpe,
6enaone. TemnepaTypa naannennn 210-2120.
1-1A3HAIIEHHE, ,1103bi II C11000B 11P1IMEHE1111f1
lipumenneTcn npn napnunconnome, 6oneann Ilapnnucona, cnacTn-
qecnux napeaax ii may= aa6oneBannnx c noBbnuennem mbnuennoro
Tonyca. MonteT Tame npnmennThen npn cnaamax raannoll mycnyna-
Typhi Burpennux opranon, npu nanennoti Goneann, 6ponxnanblioll
acTste. HanuatmeTcu nurpb B nopouniax, Ta6neTnax unit nancynax.
06brino paaosan Boaa paBna J:t.nn Bapocaux 0,01-0,0125r. Haanattana
1-2 pa3a B Awn.. Crotman Ao3a cocTaBaneT 0,025-0,05r.
Bwciuiieg031,1 11,7111 B3p0C.11b1X.: pa3oBan 0,03 r, croquart 0,1 r.
11130THB01101-{A3AHIM
npertapaT npoTunonottaaau npn rnaynome.
(DOPMA BbIrlYCHA
Tponannn BunycnaeTcn B nopouinax II Ta6neTnax no 0,01, 0,0125
ii 0,015r.
YCJI0B1IFI
IlpenapaT coxpantnor non aamnom (cnucon A) B1110T110 aanpiaTux
minimax B aannunennom OT cnera mecTe.
TROPACINE
Tropacinum
Chlorhydrate d'ether tropinique d'acide diphenylacetique.
Description
Poudre cristalline blanche, amere. Tres soluble dans l'eau, l'alcool, le
chloroforme, insoluble dans l'ether et le benzol. Point de fusion 210-212?.
Indications, posologie, mode d'emploi
Maladie de Parkinson, etats parkinsoniens, paresies spastiques et autres
affections accompagnees d'hypertonie musculaire. Peut etre aussi em-
ployee contre les spasmes des muscles lisses des visceres, l'ulcere duo-
Section de l'URSS a l'Exposition Universelle et Internationale de Bruxelles 1958
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release
denal, l'asthme bronchique. Employee per as sous forme de
poudre, comprimes ou capsules. Dose ordinaire adulte:
0,01-0,0125 g, 1 ou 2 fois par jour. Dose journaliere:
0,025-0,05 g. Dose maximum pour adultes: 0,03 g par dose,
0,1 g par 24 heures.
Contre-indications
Glaucome.
Presentation
Sous forme de poudre et comprimes de 0,01; 0,0125 et 0,015 g. A garder
sous clef dans des flacons bien clos a l'abri de la lumiere.
TROPACIN
Tropocinum
Hydrochloride of tropinic ester of diphenylacetic acid.
Physical Properties
A white crystalline powder with a bitter taste. Fairly soluble in water,
alcohol, chloroform; insoluble in ether, benzol. Melting point 210-212?.
Uses, Administration and Doses
Used in parkinsonism, Parkinson's disease, spastic pareses and other
diseases accompanied by increase of muscle tone. May be also used in
spasms of the smooth muscles of the internal organs, in gastro-duodenal
ulcer, in bronchial asthma. Administered orally in powders, tablets or cap-
sules. The usual single adult dose is 0.01-0.0125 gm., 1-2 times a day. The
daily dose is 0.025-0.05 gm.
Maximum adult doses: single ? 0.03 gm., daily 0.1 gm.
Contraindications
Glaucoma.
Supply
Trapacin is dispensed in powders and tablets of 0.01, 0.0125 and
0.015 gm.
Storage
The preparation should be kept under lock and key in tightly closed
jars, away from light.
USSR Section: Brussels Universal and International Exhibition 1958
50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
441'-
c,?"?
7%.
74.
_144.34,
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
TROPACIN
Tropacinum
Tropinotherchlorhydrat der Diphenylessigsoure.
Physische Eigenschaften
WeiBes, bitter schmeckendes, kristallinisches Pulver; gut loslich in
Wasser, Alkohol, Chloroform, unloslich in Ather, Benzol. Schmelzpunkt
210-212?.
Verordnung, Dosierung und Anwendungsweise
Wird bei Parkinsonismus, spastischen Paresen und bei anderen Er-
krankungen, die mit Erh8hung der Muskeltonisierung begleitet werden,
gebraucht. Es kann auch bei Krampfen der glatten Muskulatur der inneren
Organe, Ulcus-Krankheiten und Bronchialasthma verwendet werden.
Es wird innerlich in Pulver, Tabletten oder Kapseln verordnet. Gew8hn-
liche einmalige Dosis fur Erwachsene ist 0,01-0,0125 g. Man verordnet es
1-2mal toglich. Die Tagesdosis betragt 0,025-0,05 g.
Hiichste Dosis fur Erwachsene: einmalig ? 0,03 g, toglich ? 0,1
Gegenanzeige
Das Proparat 1st bei Glaucoma nicht anzuwenden.
Herstellungsform
Tropacin wird in Pulver bzw. Tabletten je 0,01, 0,025 und 0,015 g her-
gestellt.
Aufbewahrungsbedingungen
Das Praparat wird unter VerschluB (Liste A), in dicht verschlossenen
BLichsen, in einem vor Licht geschutzten Raum aufbewahrt.
UROZINUM
Abteilung der UcISSR auf der Allgemeinen Weltausstellung in Brussel 1958
Cexams CCCP Ha Bcorimptiori obicranxo 1958 r. a Eptoccone
Section de l'URSS a l'Exposition UniverseIle at Internationale do BrazeIle.
BiretuTopritmam. 3aRaa Al B-152-38
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release
50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
'
"
?? ??
? ? 4. ?
? ? ?
? ?
? ? ?
???? ??
???? ??9s? ??
? ?, ? ? ? s???"
?
? ? , 999 999 *?
?
? ? ?
? e r
YP0314H C. Ta6.n*Tocax)
Urozinum
UROZINE
Urozinum
Coma*
Clpoc438r nanepaamaa 0 92 r
BeH3087 J1H7HR 0,1 r
Yporponma 0 25 r
4:3314314640CKHO caollcraa. TO6118TKI4 6e.noro
warm.
111311814014$10, A031.1 H cnoco6 npuneame?
/4/411. Ilpmmemcnor npm noAarpe, noueuabmc a
MO4BBWX KaMHRX, xpombotecKom nonmapromre.
Ha3aamaior 1 ?3 ra6nerma ma npaem nopeA
eAoci 3-4 pa3a a mon. PemomeaAyerca 3ana-
aarb nonycraxamom aoAbl.
COOPPII BlarlyCKB. BbitlyCKLBOT B CTIBKABHMbIX
rpy6max no 20 ra6nerom.
Yc.rtosurt xpartemun. Coxpamnior a 06bILIH61%
yalOBBAX.
U R OZ IN (in tablets)
Urozinum
Formule:
Phosphate de piperazine 0,22 g
Benzoate de lithium 0,1 g
Urotropine 0,25 g
Description. Comprimes de couleur
blanche.
Indications, posologie, mode d'emploi.
Goutte, lithiose renole et vesicale, polyarth-
rite chronique. De 1 a 3 comprimes avant
les repos 3 ou 4 fois par jour avec un demi
verre d'eau.
Presentation. Tubes en verre de 20 corn-
primes.
A garder dans les conditions habituelles.
Composition:
Piperazin phosphate 0.22 gm.
Lithium benzoate 0 1 gm.
Urotropin 0.25 gm.
Physical Properties. White tablets.
Uses, Administration and Dosage. Used
in gout, renal and urinary calculi, chronic
polyarthritis.
Administered in doses of 1-3 tablets
before meals 3-4 times a day. Advisable
to wash down with half a glass of water.
Supply. Dispensed in glass tubes of
20 tablets.
Storage. Preserved under usual con-
ditions.
U ROZIN in Tabletten
Urozinum
Zusammensetzung:
Piperazinphosphat
Lithinumbezoat
Urotropin
0,22 g
0,1 g
0,25 g
Physische Eigenschaften. WeiBe Ta-
bletten.
Verordnung, Dosierung und Anwen-
dungsweise. Wird bei Podagra, Nieren-
und Harnsteinen, chronischem Polyarthrit
verwendet.
Man verordnet je 1-3 Tabletten 3-4 mai
taglich vor dem Essen. Es wird empfohlen,
es mit einem halben Glas Wasser nach-
zuspiilen.
Herstellungsform. Wird in Glasrohrchen
je 20 Tabletten hergestellt.
Aufbewahrungsbedingungen. Wird bei ge-
wohnlichen Bedingungen aufbewahrt.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 0 50-Yr 2013/10/29:
CIRRmGLLcr
Incl 6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
KomnJIEKT KAPMAHHbIX
npgmonOKA3b1BA1011.1,14X
AO3HMETPOB 1IIK-r0,2
Komn.neKT KapmaHubtx npHmonoKa3b1Ba-
im1m Ao3HmeTpoH THna ,11K-0,2 npefi,Ha3-
Hatieu AAR onpe,rte.neHHHBeJIatIHHbI A03 ram-
ma-H3aytieHHH, nonytieHHbix nepcoHanom,
o6c,ny)K H B a T0111,131\1 pel-ITTeHoBCKIIP HAIL KO-
6aJlbTOBbIe ycTaHoHKH.
DER SATZ
VON TASCHENDOSIMETERN
DIE DIRECT
DIE GAMMASTRAHLUNGEN
ZEIGEN TYP AK-0,2
Der Satz von Taschendosimetern, die
direkt die Gammastrahlungen zeigen, dient
zur Bestimmung der DosengroBe von
Gammastrahlung, die auf dem Kobalt und
Rontgenanlagen bedienenden Personal
wirkt.
? - TEXHIPIECKAg
XAPAKTEPHCTHKA
1. OCHOBHOil KomnaeKT Tuna-AK-0,2
COCTOIIT 113 100 A0314MeTp0B OapsutHoro
yc-rpoilcTsa K HUM.
2. Allana3o1-1 Hniepermil 04-200 mH.n.im-
pefarefi UH IIIITelICIABHOCTH ramma-H3Arie-
MN H 6o.nee 100 mH.n.rnipewrreH B humpy.
3. IlorpewHocTb rpa?LtyHposKu 110311MeT-
pon no ramma-Hittygetano iie npeBbnuaeT
.-?10% OT maKcHma.nbuoro sHatleHHH tuKa-
J1bI.
4. rIp0)10JI1KkiTeJIbII0CTb pa6orbt 3apHA-
Horo ycrpoilcma c 0,41-1kIM KOMIIJIeKTOM 11C-
TOIIHITKOB nwraHHH cocTaanHer:
a) ,u.rui s.nememos 2C ?JI ? 9 ?
45 tiacoH;
6) ,II,JIR 6aTapect 105nmuy ? 0,05-
500 tiacoH.
5. Fa6apHTbi )3,o31imeTpa:
Amnia 115 MIA
maKcHma.nbHbiii ,RHameTp 15 :gm
6. Bec Ao3HmeTpa ? 23 r.
7. Bec octiosHoro KommeKTa TI-ma
.EK?O,2 B ynaKoHKe ? 10,5 Kr.
TECHNISCHE CHARAKTERISTIK
1. Der Hauptsatz Typ AK-0,2 besteht
aus 100 Dosimetern und an ihnen gehori-
gen Ladungmechanismus.
2. MeBbereich: von 0 bis 200 mR/min
bei Gammastrahlungintensitat nicht mehr
als 100 mR/min.
3. DerDosimetergraduierungfehler im
Gammastrahlungen ilberschreitet nicht
-?10% von der ganzen Skala.
4. Arbeitsdauer eines Ladungmechanis-
mus mit einem Speisesatz 1st:
a) Kir 2C ? J1 ?9 Elementen --
45 Stunden
b) far 1o5rimur ?0,05 Batterien-
500 Stunden.
5. Auf3enma Be
Lange ? 115 mm
Maximal Durchmesser ? 15 mm
6. Gewicht des Gerats ?23 g. Gewicht
des Hauptsatz Typ )1K-0,2 mit Verpa-
ckung ? 10,5 kg.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/10/29: CIA-RDP81-01043R002500110011-6
R
STAT
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