SOVIET PUBLICATIONS ON CONTAMINATION FROM THE AIR, THE ATOM, ROCKET, AND BACTERIOLOGICAL WEAPONS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 381
• Document Creation Date: December 27, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 30, 2013
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: May 23, 1958
• Content Type: REPORT

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INFORMATION REPORT INFORMATION REPORT
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title
18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
50X1 -HUM
COUNTRY
USSR REPORT
SUBJECT
Soviet Publications on Coetamination DATE DIEM
23 May 1958
from the Air, the Atom,Rocket, and
Bacteriological Weapons Na RAGES 2
REFERENCES RD
50X1 -HUM
DATE OF
INFO.
PLACE &
DATE ACQ.
141.1?141=1111111flirelOWNI 7m51041ZIkiiva=na:/?7?11.1111MilffitelZil4ZIMRS14.1,11111
1.
Russian-lag. a:e sublications
a. Bakteriolo *cheskoye Oruzhiye Inostrannykh Armiy i Zashchita ot Rego 50X1 -HUM
Bacteriological Weapons of Foreign Armies and Methods for Protection
Against Them), written by Yu. Lebedeva and V. Serebryakov and published
by the DOSAAF Publishing House in Moscow in 1957. Various measures
for protection and disinfection are noted in the latter part (from Chapter 3
on). This publication can be used as a training text for DOSAAF members.
b. Chto Nuzhno Znat dlya Zashchity ot Porazheniya s Vozdulcha (What You Need
to Know for Effective Countermeasures Against Contamination from the Air),
written by I.I. Savitskiy and published by the DOSAAF Publishing House,
Moscow, in 1957. The publication discusses various means for contamination
of an area from the air, utilizing bacterial, chemical,or nuclear devices,
the role of the PV01 MPV0, and DOSAAF in protecting the population, and
various instructions for locating, identifyingland countering "contamination"
dropped from the air.
c. Atom i Atomnaya Energiya (The Atom and Atomic Energy), written by
V.A. Mezentsev and published by the Publishing House, Ministry of
Defense,USSR)in 1957, in the "Scientific-Popular Library for Soldiers
and Sailors" series. The publication describes in general terms the present
and future achievements made possible through the control of atomic energy,
as well as atomic and thermonuclear instrumentalia in war and peace.
d. Mir Atonia (The World of the Atom), written by G.A. Zisman and published by
the Publishing House, Ministry of Defense,USSR,in 1956, in. the "Scientific-
Popular Library for Soldiers and Sailors" series. This is a rather general
discussion of the atom and the molecule, and the results of controlIng the
power of the atom.
e. Reaktivnoye Oruzhive Kapitalisticheskikh Stran (Rocket Weapons of Capitalistic
Countries ,writte.n by a group of authors and assembled by D.A. Uryupin, and
published by the Military Publishibg House, Ministry-of Defense,USSR, Moscow,
in 1957. This publication is basically a compilation of articles from
S177-*E ----1
I ARMY Ix IN AVY
x Frt
FBI
AEC
50X1 -HUM
(Note: Washinston distribution indicated by "X"; Field distribution by "#".)
INFORMATION REPORT
NFORMATION REPORT
50X1 -HUM
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,04
50X1-HUM
various foreign overt publications and is intended?.privarily. for the
indoctrination .of Sival officers, staffs and students at various naval
schools, but .nay be rend to good effect by umbers of the other
service arms of the Soviet Unica.
2. The attachments may be treated as UNCLASSIFIED.when detached frost the
covering report.
50X1-HUM
50X1-HUM
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9
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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13
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30 ? CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
.7"
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15
nprIaccifiPci in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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18
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Rel
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19
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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21
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30 ? CIA-RDP81-01043R00220005onn7
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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xapaKTep, HpKHO HemexieHHo 1335ITb 11 JIOCTaBIlTb B .na6o-
paropmo 011.1151 HOC11e,110BakH1151 npo6bi 113 1101103p11TeJIblibIX Ha
aapaKeHHe Boaayxa, BO,Abt, 11011BbI, npoAyKroB IHITaHI151, OC-
KOJIKOB fl OCTaTICOB npHmeHerrabix aB11a6om6, KOHTCriliePOB
H T. II., a Tame o6HapyweHmax Hacexombix, icjieui,e H
rpbI3yHOB.
LITO6bI pacno3HaTb 3a6aneBaHHH, BO3HHKIIIHe B yCJI0B11-
51X 6axTepHanornuec1coil BoilHbt, noTpe6yeTcH Tame snatm-
TeBbHoe BpemH. aTo 6y2IeT CB513aHO C Tem, 'HT? KJIIIHHHeCKan
KapTima 60J1e311H, Bb13Ba11HOil npHmeHenHem 6aKTepHanb-
HbIX opeAcTB, B 3Hat1HTeabHoi1 cTeneHH mo)KeT OTJIHHaTbC5I
OT ,KJIIIHIMCKOR KapTHHbI TO CI N(e 6ane3fHH, InpoTexammeft
'13 CCTeCTBeHHbIX yCJI0131151X. 11oAo6Hbie OTKJI0IleH1151 moryT
6bITb 06yCJIOBJIeHbI npHmeHenHem 6aKTepHa.nbHbix peuen-
Typ, coAepKaunix B036y,AHTeneil HeCKOJILIKIIX 1314e10_1140HH131X
3a6o.neBaHHCI, FIeO6bItrHbIMH ,KJ151 eCTeCTBCHHbIX ycnomti ny-
THMH 'nponincHoBeinisr Bo36yAHTezeil B opraHHam, a Tax)Ke
60JIbLIIIIM KOJIHtleCTBOM 60.ne3HeTBopHbix mimpo6oB H T0K-
03110B,- 11011aBIEHX B opraHHem. B cnytme npHmeHeHHH
THBIIIIKOM 6aKTepHaAbnbix peneinTvp, coAeplKauzix B036y-
B11Te.nerf HecKoabKHx 3a6o,neBaHHil, -KAHHHtlecKaa KapTHHa
60J1e3HII (B 3aBHCHM0CTH OT Hincy6au,HoHHoro nepHoLia)
moweT HanommHaTb CHMIITOM131- HeCKOJIEKHX 3a6oReBaH11il.
11pH colieTaHHH aapa>KeHHH 6axTepHanbHmmH cpeAcTBamH
C nopmeHHHmH npoHHKaiouleil paAHauHeil H oTpaHnsuom,H-
'MU BeutecTBamil KJIIII1HtleCKa51 KapTHHa 60J1e3HH mo)KeT
oKaaaTbcH eine 6o.nee CJIO}KHOrl, a TegeHme ee ? 6oBee TH-
>KeablM.
3apMeHlie 60J11311IHMH ,K03aM13 60J1e3HeTB0pHbIX
MM-
KpO6OB HJIH TOKCHHOB 06yCJI01311T T513KeCTb TetieHHH BbI3BaH-
BOA IIMH 60J1e3IFFI C BbICOKHNI nponeHTom J1eTaJIbHOCTII (.ne-
TaJIbHOCTb ? 411CJI0 CMepTHEIX coytiaeB cpe,u,H 3a60.neB-
Bb1paxceHHoe B npoueHTax).
4. BEPOSITHME OFbEKTbl BAKTEPHOJIMIPIECK0r0
HAIIA,REHI151
no MH0HIII0 HHOCTpaHlibIX cneuitamicToB, 6aKTepHano-
rHtlecxoe opymme MO)KeT 6131Tb npHmeHeHo Kax HenocpeacT-
BeHHO no Bortcxam, HaX01151111,11MCH Ha TeaTpax BOCHHI3IX
AefiCTBHCI, TK H no o6'bexTam, pacno,nmembim B ray6oKom
B nocaeB,Hem capme 11pOTHBHIIK 6yAeT, CTpCMHTI3CSI:
copBaTb B nepHoit B0c11113I M0611.11H3a11110iflibIe Me-
poripHRTHIT U paaBepTbrBaHHe Boopy>KeHHux CHJI nyTem no-
pa)KeHHH BOHECKIIX KOHTHIlreHTOB, npeAHaaHatieHHbtx Ansi
oinpaB1i na cbpoHT, a Tame Hace.neHHH ropoAoB H CeJIb-
CKI1X parli0H0B, no,B.nexcaLulix npnabiBy B apNHuo; AeaopraHn.
23
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
1
rams/.
30B2Tb TbIJI cTpatibt H Hapytutrrb HOpMaJ1trHY10 pa6oTy npo-
Mb1111.11e11,11bIX 11Pe/1111}1151THCI a 061reKTOB Hapontioro X0351til-
CTBa nyTem co31.1m1I 6o.nbitioro KOJIIIIIeCTBa 0148r011 3apa-
>Ka1-mm; yhteHlrIlltiTb 3KOHOM144eCK1111 noTetntua.n eTpatibt ny-
Tem umpoKoro pacnoocToattemta midtexunotilibtx 3a6cyteaa-
Han B Kt-writ-11,1x nnombnu.netittbix ronottax, lanawNIttst inna-
cos TIDOROBOJIbCTB1451 14/VPa)Ka, 3 Tame nyTem Y11III1TO}Ke-
14115I Ce.T1IrCIS0X0351171CTBPHHbIX NOIBOTHbIX 11 noceaoa CeJ1bCKO-
X03ACICTBeHabIX Ky.nbTyp.
Hatt6o,1ee aepowrubtmli o6-beKTamx npHmeHetutH
IIPOT14131IVIKOM 6axTepRonorttnecKoro oppKtta moryT 6b1rb
xpyrnibte npommutstefutble H anmtputcrparttanbre uerrrpbt,
xce.ne3Ho1opomb1e Y3.1113I, 1TOPTbI, Kpyruibte WIIBOTHOBOLItle-
mute X03511'ICTBa H 60.11bWme MaCCIIBM 110CeBOB ce.nbCKOXO:
35IRCTBeHlibIX Ky.nbTyp.
KaKne Hmetnto ao36vnitTe.ntt 1411(beKII11041HblX 3a60.neaa-
Huff moryT 6bITb IICTIdalb30B814131 apOTHHHHKOM aJla 6aKTe-
ptionornmecKoro HartaneHHH? Ha 3TOT BOIIPOC OTBeTaTb 3a-
paHee otteHb Tpyntro, mo)(Ho To.nbKo npenno.rraraTb npHme-
Heinle Toro HaH 14140r0 B036y1111Tejt$1, apHHBM abt6op npo-
THB1-111KOM onpenuteHHoro ao36yAHTe.na 6yner 3aaHceTb OT
era CBOrICTB, ohve.notuntriaTOILITTX Hal160J1bUlyI0 1303M0)K-
HOCTb 6oettoro 11C110.ab30BaHli14.
K uiHCJIy TaKIIX CBOfiCTB, no /Axel-um 14HOCTpaH1ThIX
OTHOCATC51: MI4HaMaJibHOB KOJEWIeCTBO B036y,R14-
Tula, iteo6xo21nmb1x AAR Toro, ttTo6b1 BbT3BaTb 386o.neaa-
Nile; C110C06HOCTb ,aaaHoro B036y,414TeJla 6bICTPO pw.mpo-
crpattaTbca cpe,att Atortert a NalBOTI1b1X, Bb13131BaR 311H,ReMIII4
113141 31114300T1114; Ta}KeCTb a .11,1111TeJlbHOCTb abt3bmaemoro B03-
6yAmTezem 3a6anesa141451; yCTOrft114130CTb B036y.11HTUI51 130
attetuttert cpene; TPYAHOCTb H 11.1114TeJ113110CTb o6Hapy)Ketnin
npamettettHoro B036Y814TeJla a pacno3Hasatuist 6o.ne3Hnt;
cTenettb c.nowHocTH npoH3Bo1LcTaa, xpaHeintst H .pacripocTpa-
fleHlIff Bo36yAHTenst.
Kpome Toro, 6oftbwoe sHatteHtte HmeeT Ha.timtute cpeAcTa
cneutHingrecKort np0cI311.naKTHICI4 rIPOTHB BbI3b1Baemoro B03-
63uurTe.nem 3a6arrettaHHH.
OCHOBbIBaSTCb Ha yKa3amtbtx CBOriCTBaX, HuocTpaHnble
TeopeTHKH 6aKTeptionortmecKort BOrtHb1 CLIHTalOT, a Ka-
necTrte 6aKTCPHaJlblibTX cpeacTs /IASI nopametnin .ntoert 11
}fCHBOTHIrIX MoryT 6MTh 14C11011b30Baftbl:
)1J151 nopa)KeHHH itto,mert: Bo36ynttTe.rtH Hymbt, Ty.ncipematt,
6pyneme3a, cH6HpoKort 513BbI, cana, mestutotm03a (J10}KHOr0
24
t
cana), xo.nepbt, cbanHoro THtita, .nHxopaitxm HyHyramym,
rHITIIIICTOr1 CKaJIIICTbIX rOP, Ky-JtHxopantut. Ha-
Typanbnoil ?Cab!, ncHTTaxo3a, WeJITOtil Juixopa.nxit, 3Huectia-
.1111TOB H HeKoTopmx Apyrnx 3a6o.neaat11il, a Tame 6oTy.nH-
HlitleCICH1i TOKCIIII;
fon nopawemta )1(11BOTHbIX: B036y.1111TeJ114 Hatypa, tiymbi
KpynHoro poraToro oxoTa, nymbt CB1IHei, a3HaTCKOri .110)1KHOr0 6eutettcnta, nosa,nb-
Horo Bocna,neHHH .nerKttx KpynHoro poraToro cKoTa H Apy-
nix 3a6oneaaHHA, a Tame a036yAttTeatt 30011030B1 (C14-
6}tpcKoil 5136131, cana M ap?).
011,.na Ce.f1bCK0X03SIACTBelifiblX Kyabryp, no
MHCH1110 j4110CTpaIiIibIX CrIeHliaJTHCTOB, MOryT 6bITb Itcno.nb-
3013aHb1 a036yAt11e3r4 3a6o,neaant1rt pacTeuttii, Bb13b1Barouure
pKaBtlIPIIV cTe6.no nweitHubt, pl(t, yannante KapTabeast,
mo3aittutylo 60J1e3lIb Ta6aKa 14 TOMaTOB, rpH5Kottoe 3a6ane-
saHtte mica 14 x.nonKa n T. 11., a TaKace pa3,nittmbre HaceKo-
mbte ? apeamTeaH CeJibCKOX0351fiCTBeHlibIX pacTetntrt.
B noc.nenHee anewi tntocTpaHHbre cneuHafIncTbt yite,nH-
10T 60J1b1110e BHHmature pa3pa6oTKe XIIMHIreCKIIX OPeACTB
Y111411TOHCCIIHSI CeJ1bCK0X031111CTBetliiblX KYJIbTYP. 3TO 06141C-
1-ineTcH Tem, irro xitmHnecKHe BeatecTaa no cpaaHetnno C 1303-
6Y/114TeJISIMII ,aeateabt H I1POCTbI B TIP0113BOACTBB, a Tame
YCTOrInlIBBI 11P14 xpaHeHHH. XHmHnectate ,BeutecTaa, xoTopme
MOT 6bITb rtpHmetteHm AAR 3TOli Hum, no xapaxTepv ?Boa-
TO ,aefICTBHR pamensnoTcH Ha rep6HHHAbt, peryasiTopbt po-
cTa pacTeHurt H iteci)o.rataHTIA.
rep6Hutt,abt?HeopramittecKne 143114 opramittecKHe coeux-
He111151, Hcno.nb3yemb1e B CeJIbCKOM X03511'iCTBe 113151 6opb6b1 c
copHaxamm. B KattecTae rep61-su1Roa npHmeHntoTcH pa3J11411-
HUB npott3BoaHme Cl/eHOKCIlyKCyCHOCI KIICJIOTb1. FlpH ynoT-
pe6.netuni B He60J1b1UHX .ao3ax rep6Humabt BbI3b1BaIOT ymt-
nToweitHe copHaKoa; 60J1brnae 1103bI rep6Hnit11os npHao,anT
K rH6e.nn CeJlbCK0X0351fICTBeHlibIX pacTexHil.
PerymtTopbt pocTa pacTeHHit?oprammecKtre aetnecTaa,
KOTOpble yCHJIHBalOT pa31314THe PaCTeHliri a co3peaaHHe 11.110-
4,0B. IlpHmeHeHtte MX B 60J1bWaX RO3aX Bb131:4BaeT o6paTtroe
itericTapte ?3ame,a.neHHe Pa3B11T1451 Ii pocTa pacTeHHil H CO-
epeeamm 113101108.
K .aecimnitaHTam OTHOCSITCH XaMPPleCKIle coe.aHHeHHH ?
XJ1OPFICTbIll 111414K, T1401114aHaT HaTpHil H ApyrHe. OHM BbI3bI-
Mr4ertanoritibie 3a6onenating, KOTOpIrIM no,anepKeturi J1I01111
NCHBOTHbIe, riptrisiTo lia3131BaTb 3001103a/rill.
25,
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy A
pp roved for Release 2013/07/30:
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
'
13a1OT onntetnie JIIICTbeB y ,aepesbes, KycTaprinKoa H ,apyriix
pacTemift.
OCO6eHHOCTbIO AeriCTB1151 nepeinic.nenbix XIIMHIleCKHX Be.
liteCTB HI3J151eTC1 TO, B manbix Ao3ax 01-131 ynytunaloT
paammie pacer, a B 60J11311.111X?C110C06HbI 110,11aBJIHTb
pa3Bun1e TIOJIHOCTb10 ymigTowaTb pacTeH1151 H n.no,rio-
Bble Kyaurypb1.
ciN
IJIABA BTOPAg
KPATKASI XAPAKTEPIKTIIKA HEKOTOPbIX
HHOE1(11,140HHbIX 3ABOJIEBAHHR
B 3a1311CHMOCTII OT TOO, K xaxomy situ mimpoopranns.
MOB OTHOCHTCH s03637,RHTexH, xoTopme moryT 6bITb npllme-
HeHbl IlpOTHBHHKOM B xaHecTse 6axTepHaabHux cpeAcTs, ITH-
ckenkmommte 3a6anesaHHH, sususaemble HMH, COOTBeTCTBeH-
110 MO>KHO no,Rpas,Reamb Ha 6awrepHa.nbithie, puxxeTcHos-
Hble H impycHble.
1. BAKTEPHAJIbHblE 3ABOJIEBAH1451..
K sToct rpyrrne OTHOCHTCH mHorne 300H0313I?tlyma, Ty-
aspemns, 6pyilea.ne3, cH6Hpcxa5i H3Ba, CT!, me.naoH,Ros, a
Taix)xe Tame 6ane3HH, xax xo,nepa H Apyrne.
Ilyma?BbICOKOKOHTaril03H0e 3a60J1eBaHne, OTHOCHIHeeCH
K 00060 onacHum inicpexu,HHm. 9Ta 60.11e3Hb 6bIJIa 113BeCTHa
HezoseHecTsy C xtasHnx flop. Tiepins snHAemHH tyMbT, cse-
21,0H1T5f 0 imopoil ,a0111JIH ,ao Haumx spemeH, OTHOCIITCH euie
K IV sexy Jto Hauxei spbi. B XIV Bexe tiyma, Ha3BaxHasi
KaT cals,10i1 CTpOral H3OJIHUI4H;
JI10,aeri, conpaxacaamaxca C
60JIbHbIMH, H30.1111pylOT.
B aacToausee (Tema tiMelOTCH
9CI4eKTHBHbIe cpe,ucTaa )1JI51
Pile. 8. Cxema pacnprto-
weilus .iniOanitiecxitx
yirloB ft nyTeil y gem-
BeKa:
I ? aoKTesble licene3b1;
2 ? oKonoyunible Ncene-
31)1; 3 ? non.qemocilible
)Kene3b1; 4 ? wernible
,Kene3bi; 5 ? nop.mbuneq-
time }Kene3b1; 6 ?
rpya-
BO npoToK; 7 ? 6111,11K-
xceetnibie Ncene3br, 8 ?
11011,B3A011.11ible mene3ba;
9 ? naxoaue )Kene3b1
29
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30 ? CIA-RDP81 01043R0077onnnnn9 A
ueciassified in Part - Sanitized Cop
roved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
B peny.ribTaTe npitmeiteinisi Koropbrx hia-
crynaeT Bbr3opoB.rIesHne. H31160.11ee CpBACT-
BOM SI3TIFIeTCS1 crpenroNtinum.
Tyanpennisi - ocTpoe ittukeiamoinioe 3a6ariersaitne, Ko-
Topoe NIONCCT B03111tHaTb CPe,E111 JlhOJl.li 11 Ppb1331110B.
B036y,E(IITejle1 Tyastpemmi SIBAlleTCH He6anbura5[ H0110-
)3,BIDKH35.1 KOKKOBILIIHall 6aKTepits1. Coe Ha3BanHe 60J1e3Hb
no,nytuma OT MeCTIIOCTH Ty.nHpe (Kaolickopinifl, CILIA), r,Re
B 1912 r. 6bura nnepnbre orKpbtra 3ra 6aKrepr1y1.
PIcrottrarKamH 3a6o.nenamor 13 npHpue 5113.11SHOTC5! rpm-
3y1lbl (HOMOBbIe MbIIIIII, 110J1eBKII, cyczrucH, BOlUllible Kpmcbt
Ap.), Koropbre II czywar OMOBHbIMM pacnpocrparnrremi-
M?11 ry.orpem1111 cowl aloAell. 3apmetrire trezoneKa 13 ecre-
CTBelillblX. ye.11GBIISIX Ha6.nroAaercn (up' o6monore x.ne6a,
y6opKe co.nombr 11,1111 ceria, narpnmefarbrx nbrAe.rrearrnmit
rpbtnyrron, 60.11131113IX ryanpemnerr, a Tame .nprt ynorpe6.11e-
Iran napamernibix npagyKron nirralurn It IT0J1b30B3H1111 B0)11,011
H3 3apaNceiutbrx 3apa)Kelme momer nporrnorrrn
Tame t1epe3 yKycbr 3apa}KeHrtbix neperroctrincon:
myx-Nutra.rioK, Komapon, K.nergeri. Kpome Toro, B pacnpo-
crpalleunn 11 coxparrentin rympem1111 B ripirpo,n,e 6anbinyro
p0./lb HrpaKyr K.riergu.
Flpg HOII0J1b30B2111111 npornnirriKom B036YAIITeJ151 Ty.risrpe-
mini B Katmorne 6aKTepHasibribrx opeAcrn napmekure qe.no-
neKa mo-/Ker nporinorrrll epen Abixare.abribre nyrli,
TpaKT, CJII1311CTbIe O6OJI0LIKU, nonpe?KReinlyio HO-
XV, a raKwe B peayabrare yKycon aapmernimx Hacexommx.
11 merger!.
B 33.13HCIIMOCTII OT cnoco6a nyTeil npornmoneHnn B03-
6ymiTe.TI5I 13. opranHam 3a6menamie nponmnercH B HCCKOJIb-
Kax game Bcero B JI C r 0 q ao i' ri 6y60HHO
Ha1160J1bLIferi T51)KeCTb10 OTJIHtIaeTCH JIer01111351 IDOpMa 3a6o-
JleBali}151. HIIKy6311110111IbIll IlepHOH npn rympemm o6b1tnro
COCTaBJ151eT OT Tpex O cemr!
3a6coersamie (rrpH J1060il (Popme ry.orpeminr) nairnHaer-
csr, KaK npanHao, Brienanuo, c peaKoro nonbrweHHR Temnepa-
rypm go 38-40?. 11pH 3TOM OTMelIaIOTCSI CHJIbIible FOJI0B-
HMO 60J1II, 60J111 B MbImu.aX, 60,11b11135I C.11360CTb, ILTIOX0c1
COIL 0611.ThbHbIC1 nor no Holiam, norepsr annerirra, inroma
pnoraa 6peA. B HambHeihnem 3a6ozerraHHe nporexaer pa3-
JrlftrHO 11 3aBlICHT OT 1:1)opmb1 Ty.nsipemim.
IlerotrHaA cPopma ry,n5Ipemr1H no xaparcrepy
retrethrs! 6e.tre3HH 111101'J1sa Hanomithaer 3aTHiKHOrl rpHnn, a
13 pgge c.rrytraen nposin.rmercH B rame ryasipemutilloro nocna-
.rremin .rierruix. Sra (Iropma 6o.ne3rru o6bigHo conpono)KAaer.
cci nopamenHom anmcl)arrtirecKrix yp.non, ,paono.nowentrbtx B
rpmHoti merKe.
flpH Kown o-6 y 6 o it If 0 11 (I) Opme Ty .n p e II II
Ha mecre Hp0HHICHOBeH1351 B036yAl1TeJISI nasionnercH norcpac-
'mime H He6o.nbula5I opyxwm, npenpa-
marolgasics! B 51313OHKy. flpH 3TOM
nonpemermo yne.nwEinnarorcsi H cr13H0-
1351TC51 6ane3HertHbrmH 6inmarnurre K
mecry npolurKuoneHIN B036MIITeJ151
arimgrarittrecKHe ya.ribr, Koropme o6pa-
3y10r ryarrpemuilHble 6y6oHrar. MuorAa
paaNtepbr 6y6onon Aocrirwaror Bea/I41'-
11bl Kypnuoro nfiga (pno. 9).
OCO6e1IROCTb10 TyJlapemtur SI13JI51eT-
CH TO, 14TO npaKTHLrecKit 60J1e311b He
neputaercn OT 60abH0r0 genoneKa K
nfisoponomy, noaromy 60amioct Tyanpe-
mmeil He onaceti win oxpywalow,Hx.
0,u.Ha1co Ann ycnernHoro .neireHHn 6cob-
Horo Heo6xoAHmo ,rocnIlTaJTHanpo-
BaTb.
pO,T4OJINUITeJ1filIOCTb 3a6arrenanun o6brtnio Kone6.nere1
OT Tpex HeAeab oAnylc mecnuen. Cnoenpemernio nagaroe
zetrernre Twurpemint ncer,aa o6ecneminaeT noaHoe BbI34,0-
pomellae. Y Jnogeil, nepe6oxesumx Ty.napemHerr, mewlernio
noccraHaarmnaercsi TPWIOCII0C06HOCTb.
,E(Jrn zetieHris ry.nsrpeNrHH yonewHo 1-rprimensirorca alITH-
6110THKII: npe}Kge Bcero crpenTomrigHH, a Tame 6140MHHHH,
JICBOMIluenifI, CHHTOMIIIIHH.
Bpy4e.nae3 - xpomitiecKoe micpeicummixoe 3a6oaena-
nopmaioutee Aomaunntx )1CHBOTHbIX H JuoAeff.
Bpyite.rules pacrtpocppaHeii 1.1011TH HoBcemecnio.
B036y1iilTeRli 6pyge.rwre3a - KoKKoo6pa3Hbre 6aKreprni
(6pyge.mb!), .nerKo nupaumaembre Ha nirrareAbribrx cpe-
gax.
B eCTeCTBOHHaX yCJIGB115IX HJ151 JIloAeR HcroluniKom 3a-
6arrenarmn 6pyHeJIJIe3OM 5PBJ1.5110TC5t COJIbCK0X0351CICTBeHHbIe
raaBHbim o6pa3com NO3bI H OBIIbI, pexte--uoposbr
H CI3HH1311, a ramKe Aoura,nri H nep6.rtrogbr. 3apa)KeHHe
Mo-
KeT npoHaorrrH npH ynorpe6AeHnH B maw cuporo mozon,
marroimbIx npoAyKron (rnopora, 'Mama, CbIpa, omeTaHm)
Pm. 9. Xapanepudi
naa. 6y6onon y 6o.ru,-
!lora Tynapemneft
30
31
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Cop Ap roved for Release 2013/07/30 ? riA_Dmin,,,
'.!
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
mnca }KIIHOTHbIX, 60.111311bIX 6pytte.nne3om. Kpome Toro, tIe-
J10BeK mo)KeT 3apa3J1Tbc npn COIlpHKOCHOBeHHH C sb1Jtene-
H115IMH 6021bl-11211X 1KHBOTHbIX (OCO6eHHO BO spems oxoTa, ore-
ria cxoTa), a Tarme B pe3y.nbTaTe yxycos 3apmetiebix Ha-
cercombix H x.neuteil.
B anynae npirmeHeturs so36yai1Tens 6pyue.n.ne3a s xa-
necTse 6aKTepHa.,1113HbIX cpeacTs OH mo?KeT flp0H11KaTb B OP-
ramm nezosexa nepe3 AbixaTe.nbHbie nyTH, ritim.esapit-
TeabHblii TpaKT, CJIH3HCTble 060J104Kti, nospes(AeHnylo MO-
(y, a Taxsce 9epe3 yxycbi 3apa)Ketitibrx HaceKombix
lip0A011>KIITeJ1b110CTb itHxy6atutouHoro nepitaaa Kane6-
J1eTC51 OT aura ;to neTbrpex He,ae.nb H COCTaB215IeT B cpeta-
Hem Ase-Tpir He.aexl.
3a6anesatiire xapaxTepH3yeTcsi ,KJIHTe.1113BOti santroo6pa3-
HOC! JIHX0paAK011, 06HJIbH0r1 HOTJ11-1BOCTb10, r021011110C1 6anbro,
yse.ntinetinem nenetni H ce.ne3eHKH, a TatoRe C11.111311b1MH 60-
.115I111H B cycTasax. Ha6.niariaroTcs noTeps anneTuTa, 6eccoti-
}mita, yna,aoK CHJI H ana6ocTb.
Hepe,aKo 3a6o.nesaHHe npatitimaeT xpoHnnecKyro (Popmy
H mo}KeT Hp0,KOJI)KaTbC51 B Teneinte HeCK021131KHX JleT. FlpH
9TOCI (Popme 3a6o.nesainis nopmaroTcs r.11aBHbIM 06pa3OM
KOCTI-10-MbIWeEIHa51, HepsHas H nanosan cacTembI.
Iloane nepe6anesatut5i 6pyuezne3om TpyRocnoco6HocTb
soccTaHaannsaeTcsi oneHb Me,B.J1eHHO, a Htiora HacTynaeT
IIHBa111141-10CTb. JleTaJIbHOCTb OT 6pyliezne3a secbma He3Ha-
LIHTBJ1bHa.
Or 6021bH0r0 nenosexa K moposomy 6pyttexie3 He ne-
peAaeTcs, no3Tomy 6anb1-ioft xis oxpyiKaioutnx He onaceH:
Lt.ns .neneHtis ocTpbrx (popm 6pyue,n.ne3a npitmerrinoTcs
aHTH6HOTHICH (cTpenTomitumH, .riesomitueTHH, 6110M1iUH11) B
COLleTaH1111 C 6pyrte.n.ne3Hoti saKuHiroll.
CH6HpCKKSI 51313a ? octipoe 13}14/eKIIHOHHOe 3a6anesarute,
csoficTseirHoe ripetimyutecTsetnty poraTomy cxoTy, OT KOTO-
poro OHO B eCTeCTBeHHbIX yCJI0B1151X nepe,aaeTcs nezoseKy.
9To 3a6anesaHHe 6br.no H3secTrio ewe B r.ny6oKoci Apes-
HOCTII. Talc errinTsthe Ha3bIBaJIH 9Ty 60J1e3Hb KH a s opma dHHpCKOH 5I3BbI so3HHKaeT
npH 11p0I-FIIKHOBeHHE so36y,a1-iTan1 liepe3 nospeKaeHHyro KO-
?Ky. B mecTe sHeApeiaiin so36yAitTe.nn nocTenemto pa3sH-
saeTc51 6e36ane3Hetritbril Kap6yHKy,n, npeAcTamilioutHi'd co.
3 3aK. 1500 33
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
60rf gepitbni cTpyn, oKpymtemtbril BeHIIIIKOM KpacnoTbi. Bo-
Kpyr myna BIIOCJIeACTBHII pa3BnsaeTcsi o6untpnbift OTeK
TxaHeil. OftHonpemeimo c pauncrnem Kap6yHKyna y 60J113110-
r0 B 'retieHite BTOpOr0 AH51 3a60.nenaHHH no,anHmaeTcn Tem-
nepaTypa A? 39-40?, Ha6moitatoTc5I o6w,an c.na6ocTb, ro-
.TIOBHbIe 6ann, 6eccotaunta. 11pH cnoespemeHHo HaimTom .ne-
tleHHH KoxcHasi tkopma cH6npcKoil 513B11, KaK npasH.no, 3a-
KaHtutnaeTcn tibmilopou.neHttem.
Ko)Knan (Dopma cH6HpcKoil SI3Bbl He nepe,RaeTcn OT 60,1113-,
11b1X al?;tea K 3A0P0B131111, nooTomy 60.11bHbIe J110)1,11 npaKTH-
tlecKH He onacHbi ,11,1151 oKpy?Kaloumx.
K it metillag ckopma cH6HpcHoil 5I3BbI pannt-
BaeTcn npn nona,rtaHHH B036y)Eurre,nn gepe3 nmgenapnTe.nb-
HbIrl ppaKT. 3Ta r.Popma npoTeKaeT otieHb TSDICe.110 H gacro
3aKaHtuthaeTcn .cmepTbm, KoTopaR MO)KeT HacTynwrb }Ince Ha
TpeTbH-geTnepTbie cyTKH. 3a6o,nesainie HatntHaepcn c peamtx
6o.neil B MUIBOTe, TOILIHOTbI, pBOTbI, KpoBaBoro noHoca H
npoTeKaeT apn 51B.11eHli51X o6w,ero oTpan.neHHH. TemneipaTypa
notmHmaeTcH AO 39-40?, Ho mmeT /1,aBaTb B Ter-lei-me 6o-
.ne3tut 6anbume Ko.ne6a1HHH. K KOHL! y 60.ne3HH TemnepaTypa
Hliorlia pe3Ko naitaeT HIDKe HOpMbI. BallbHbIe KftweLmort
4:topmoil cH6HpcKori 513Bb1 npeAcTanasnoT onacHocTb 11,451 OK-
primiontrix.
?LIAR ycneumoro .netreHHH 60J1e31111 uce 60JIbHbIe cH6Hp-
CKOCI 513B011 He3aBHCIIMO OT CPOpMbI 3a6o.neBaHH5I ,110.11)KlibI
6bITb Heme.a.neHHo rOCIIIITaJIII3Hp0BaHbI.
B Hacrogutee spemn .a.1151 zegeHHH cH6HpcKort 513-BbI npH-
MeHHIOTCH aliT116HOTILKH 6110M111.111H); B T511Ke-
JIbIX caytlasix aHT116110THIQH HCII0J1b3yIOTC51 B cotieraHHH c
aelle6Hofi CbIBOpOTKOrI.
Can ? HHCPeKLIHOHHOe 3a6aneuaHHe >KHBOTHbIX, rZaBlibIM
o6pa3om .nowa,zteR, KoTopoe OT HHX nepe,itaeTcH tie.nouexy.
Bo36yanTenb cana?uenolismHan TOHIQH na.notixa,
HoTopag 6buia oTKpbiTa B 1882 r. B eCTeCTBeHHbIX yCJI0-
BMX IICTOII1-HKaM11 3a6onenaHnn mud SIBARIOTCH 0,aHOK0-
HbITHbIe ttomamHHe H ,runclle )KHBOTHbIe MyJIbI, OC-
JIbI, 3e6pbr). 3apmeHHe tie.nosexa nponexodnHT npH KoHTaK-
Te C 60J1bHbIMII HJIH IlaBWHMH OT cana )KHBOTHb1M11.
B c.nytme npnmeHeHHn so36y,atrre.ns cana B KatlecTue
6aKTepHanbHbix cpe,acTn OH mo)KeT 14/01111KaTb B opraHn3m
tie.nosexa gepe3 AbIXaTeJIbHbIe nyTH, runneaapHTe.nbHbal
TPaKT, C,J1513HCTIle 060J1OLIKII H nonpe)KaeHHylo Ko)Ky.
3a6o.neBaHHe canom npostansieTcH B ocrpoil H XP0HHile-
34
cKoft (Popmax. MHRy6aIIHOHHbIr1 nepHoA npn 3a6o.nenaimnt
o6bitmo AJIIITCH Ana-TpH ,liHn, HO HHor,aa ,liocuraeT H Anyx
Helte.nb.
0 cTp a si 4)0pma ca n a npoTeKaeT xpa?He Tme.no H
6e3 ,netieHnst HeH3MeHHO 3aKawninaeTc5I CMepTbI0 60413110M.
3a6aneBaHHe HatnntaeTcn, Kax npaBH.no, pe3Kam HOBbI1.11eHH-
em TemnepaTypbt; npH 3TOM ,Ha6.npaaaioTcH CHJIbHble TOJI0B-
HbIe H. 60.1111, a nowtHee pa3B14BBIOTCSI 60JIII B
cycTaBax. Ha ,mecTe BHeAper11151 B036yAliTeJ151 B 0praHH3M
06pa3yiarc5I y3e..nKH, nepexusiatHe B 513BOIIIKH. TaKite ?Ke 513-
BOIIKH HOSIBJ15110TCH ttepe3 1151Tb-CeMb AHerI H Ha Apyrilx
CTSIX Tana. flpH nonmatutH Ho36yoanTan51 BHyTpb opramt3ma
oTmegaroTcHipe3KHe H3MeHeIFII1I CO CT0p0HbI .nermix H .py-
PHX
oprantoB.
?ELJIH xpoHHmec.Kort ctiopmbi cana, B OTJ1111111e
OT OCTpOri, xapaKTepHo o6pa3osaHHe B mbunuax rHOrIHHKOB,
AocTuralow,Hx pa3mep0n Kypimoro firma; Ha6mo,LtaeTc51 ne-
pHo,rutgecKoe nosbnueHHe TemnepaTypw. B011e3Hb npoTexaeT
meitee 6ypHO.
BO,T1bHOri canom (mace"' Aan oxpymatoutHx. CneuHtatqe-
cKHe cpe,acTsa .netremm cana noKa elite He pa3pa6oTaHbi, HO
B JurrepaType 0IIHCaHb1 c.nytian yenewHoro .netiemm cynb4)a-
,IIHa3HH0NI 60JIbHbIX ocTport cpopmoil cana.
Memtowto3 (no)KmAil can) ? HinteKumonlloe 3a6o.neBa-
HHe qe.noueKa H 1KHBOTHbIX, 'Hanominialoatee can. aro 3a6o-
zesaHHe pacnpocTpaHeHo npetimymecTseHHo B cTpaHax 'pro-
BOCTOLIHOCI A3HH (BHpMa, BbeTHaM, Ta11.11aHoa, 1411/1,1151).
B eCTeCTBeHHbIX yCJIOBIISIX HCTOIIHITKOM HHckeKinnt c.ny-
>KU KpbICbI, KOTOpbIe npn xpoHittlecKnx 3a6o.nenaaH5Ix Me-
JIH0K1IO3OM BbI,EIeJIHIOT B036y,a,HTe.115i 91011 60J1e3H(11 B oKpy-
}Katotnylo ape,liy. flpH 3TOM 3apmeHHe tranoBeKa npoxcxo-
AHT trepe3 itbrxaTe.nbnbie .nyTH, npH npHeme nHunt, 3apme,H-
HOR BbI1Ie..11eH1151MH rpbi3yHoB, a Tame tiepe3 yKycht 6.nox,
o6wraloautx Ha 60JIbHbIX Kpbicax.
npll HCKyCCTBeHHOM npHmeHeHmt B0363rAHTeJ151 me.into-
H,li,o3a OH mo)KeT I1p0H11KHyTb B opraHH3m tie.noseKa TMH
>Ice nyTHmH, tITO H H036yRaTe.nb cana.
3a6o.nosaHHe mexHouo3om y tle.noneKa npoTeKaeT B OCT.
p011, 110/10CTpOri 11 Xp0HIPIeCK01i ckopmax. PIHKy6au1Joimb1ll
nepHop, 60.11e31111 Ko.ne6,neTcsi OT ,EIByX ,L1,0 Anyx HeAe,nb.
OcTpan (Popma mesnitoHa03a HatmHaercH C
BbICOKOrl TemnepaTypm, pe3K0ff rOJI0BH0171 60J1/1,
pBOTbl, noHoca. OAHoupemeHHo ga6.7no,r1amcsi mbnuelmbie
35
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
6ann. 06mee COCTOSIIIHe 6o.nbuoro xpailue Tmenoe. 13
xoHLte 3a6o.neBaH151 moryT 11051BI1TbC51 Mal%IC o6pa3oBa-
1-11151 iia xoNce H BocnanitTenbubie y3JIbI B mbunuax.
Up 11 HoA OCT po .NI Me.n1IonA03e Ha6,nto,aaioTc5I
HarHouTanbnble npoueccbt B 3JIMFIb1X Txam-ix H opraHax,
a TaK)Ke nopmellue MO3r0BbIX 060J101I0K.
X poilmHecxHil M 0411 no HA() 3 '1?10)KeT AJ1'IITbC51 He-
ZKOJIbI(0 .neT. ,U.T151 ST0ii 4/0pMbI 3a6o.neBa1HH xapaxTepno
Ha.nutme na 'cc:1)1(e 6o.nbuloro xanwiecTBa 513B, a Tame
CB1311tel3b1X X0A0B B o6,nacTil 51r0A1111..
BOJIbH0ii meationAo3om, no-BHAHmomy, onacell Am' 01{PY"
mcalovu,Hx. Cnemickligeomix cpeAcTB .netieHun Muniowto3a no-
Ica HeT. PexomeHAyeTcH itcno.nb30BaTb cy.nbcpaNinxible npe.
napant B cotieTanHH c MOCCHBHblIMII Ao3amll nemiux.n.nnna;
1INIOIOTC51 TaK}Ke Jumble o AeHeinin me.nnoirAo3a mopamcpe-
IIIIKOJIOM (neBominteTHHom).
Xo.nepa?BbICOKOKOHTaritoattoe 3a6o.nesaIllie, OTH0051.
ateecH K oco6o onacilbtm HHckexu,HHm.
Xanepa B EBpone H3BecTaa c 18.17 r. Drambirm 9I1A0M11-
treciciim ogarom xanepbi HanHeTcH B HacTosnuge BpemH 14H-
An51, oTxyAa 60J103Hb mmeT 3O1-LOCHTbC51 B Apyrne cTpanbl.
Bo36y,AuTe.nb xo.nepbt 6131.n 0111{pbIT B 1883 r. I13130CTIlbIM
Hemenxilm mnxpo6Hanorom Po6epTo1 Koxom. Bo36yxrreni,
HmeeT BHA xopoTxoil manly-Toil 110.11011KII, Hanomimaiouteci
3ansiTylo; ox 6b1.n Ha3BaH X0110pHbINI cB116pH0uom.
B ecTecTBeHHbix YCJI0B115IX IICT01111111(aM II 3a6aneBaHH51
SIBJ15110TC51 TOJIbK0 60.71bHbIe xanepoil J110AII, a Tame Judrui,
nepe6aneBume xanepoil (pexollBa.necueHTN), xoTopme noc-
ae .KJIII111111eCKOr0 BbI3A0pOBJ10111151 ?HenTopoe Bpems1 (HHorAa
AO AByx-Tpex mecHugs) BblAeJISIIOT BH6p110[HbI C ncnpame-
111151iMII.
MexammecicHmH nepellocHrixamir xianepHoro BH6.pHoHa
moryT 5IBJI5ITbC51 myxH.
Aux moryT 3apa3HTbc5I xanepoil B pe3y.nbTaTe yTIOT-
pe6zeini5i 3apa)Keunix BOALII Mil upo,AyxToB IIIITOBH51, a
Tax)xe ripH o5uteHHH c 6o.1b-Hb1mH H pexoHBa.necueHTamil.
Ilip0A0J1)KIITeJIbIlOCTb HHxy6aullomioro nepHoAa lip 11 X0-
nepe? OT oAxoro go Tpex Aria, pexce? Ao mecTH
3a6o.neBaHHe npoTexaeT xpailHe Tme.no H ,Hatumaertst c
noHoca, TOLIIHOTH H PBOTbI; B Aa.nbHernuem?pBoTa nplummaei
MytIHTOJIbHbril xapaxTep It 6beT umpoxoil cTpyerf, To ripH-
BOANT K C11.11bHOMy 060-3B0>KHBOHIII0 oprammma. FlaKOHeU, B
11KpOHOWIlbIX mbnuuax 11051BASHOTC51 60J1031101-1HbIe CyA0p0r11.
36
,
, " ?
ne.a.11.41.
TemnepaTypa y 6o.nbuoro cHmaeTcH Ao 35-34?, H nacTy-
naeT pe3xasi c.na6ocTb. KOJKIIbIe 110KpOBbI 6.ne,g,HeioT, 110KPbI-
Ba1OTC5I IIOTOM, lIepTb1 Alma 3a0CTp5110TC51; ry6m, 110C II pyx11
CHFICIOT. Flp0A0JDKIITeJIblIOCTb 60:1103H11 OT OAH0r0 AO roiTH
AHeil, a npH N10.11,11110HOC11011 cpopme ? cmepTb moweT HacTy-
nwrb y)xe Hepe3 Hecxo.nbito HacoB ,noc.ne iHatra.na 3a6o.neBa-
11115I.
BoabHoil xo.nepori oqelIb onacen Ansi oxpymcaloutHx, Tax
Kai( C Hcripamieminur H PBOTHbIMH maccamll BbiAe.rmeTcH
6o.nbume KOJIIIlleCTBO mincpo6oB. BOJIblIbIO X0J1epOil, peK011--
BaJlecu,eirm, BbI,URJ1511ouure 13036yAHTeJ151, a Tame .1110All
HaxoAtnnunecH B xoHTaxTe c HIEMIT, noAnexcaT cmpo-
roii
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(1)ar, a Tax-ixe cy.nbc1miura3HH H cTpenTomHunH B C0lleTaB1111
C BHyTIMIBG1111b1M11 ?BJIIIBOI-111 SIMI! pacTBopa mnopucToro HaT-
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Kp01311.
BOTyJ11131 ?Tme,noe 3a6aneBaHile, Bo3HHKaionlee B .pe-
sy.nbTaTe oTpaBJIBIIHR oprammma OTyJIH11HeCKHM TOICCH-
HOM.
Bo36y2InTeneNr 3Torr 6ane3rn 51BJ1510TC51 6axTepHH ? na.
zonxa, o6pa3yloutaH cnopH. FlpH nonaAaHHH nanotnm Ha
HexoTopme ranueBbm npotayxTbr (mHco, BeTHHHy, Kan6acnble
113,Remin, msicnble 11 pbI6HbIe xonicepBbi, pb16y ,Ap.) oHa
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B c6bitnibix yCJIOBIBIX 3a6aneBallue 60TyJIH3MOM npoHc-
XQB,IIT B pe3yabTaTe ynoTpe6.1enTH51 B nmuy npaayxToB nH-
TaIIHST, oTpaaneHubix 5oTy.nininHecxam Toxciniom.
B yc,n0BI1SIX 6axTepH000rntleciwil BOIIIIbI rIpOTHBIIIIIK MO-
}KeT rOTOBbI i 60TYJIIIIIIItleCKIIrt TOKCH11; 3apa?Ke-
nue ripH STOM mmeT npoH3oilTH Hepe3 AbIxaTe.nbHue nyTH,
runueBapnTeabHbul TpaxT, CJI1331ICTbIe 060J1011KII H noBpe-ix-
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3a6o.neBaHlle 1)a3BnBaeTcH oHenb 6bicTpo ? Hepe3 He-
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6ocTb, miorAa 60011 B HCHBOTO, TOLIIIKYra, pBoTa. ranoBHasi
5o.nb. BO>K1IbIM np1r3Haxotm 3a5o.neBaHHH 51B.T1510-PC51 yxyalue-
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JIb1M, 3aTpyAH5IercH nnoTame, a 3aTeNr 11 AblXaH110. COCT051-
Hite 60/1b1IbIX 6bIcTpo yxyAmaeTcH, 1103T0My Ile06X0,A1-IMO
'37
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
119HHHTb camme cpotnibie mem:a. B onytme OTCYTCTB1151 110-
MOII111 emepTb mon(eT HacTymiTb B Tetiemie nepubtx cyTox
noe.ne oTpart.neHun.
BOJ1bHOil 60Ty.11113MO1 Ann oxpywalouutx He onaceu. ,E1.nst
.netieHHH 6oty.rnisma c ycnexom npHmeHneTcH nponmo6oTy-
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KaK MO1KHO 6bICTperl.
2. PHKKETCHO3b1
B 3Ty rpynny BXO,RSIT 1114eKLIIIOHHble 3a6o,nesaHH1, B03-
6yAmTe.r1H KOTOpbIX OTHOCHTC5I K pHKKeTeHHM.
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9,11blibIX cpeacTs aac.nyHoniatoT BHHM9E1151 Cb11111011 JIH-
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pluie 1T PIT9J11111, a Taxx(e cpezt nemeuxux Balm, ,IterICTB0-
891311111X Ha BocTonHom (Ppowre.
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sanexa. STH pIIKKeTC1fl1 Hmekyr pa3JIIIt1HbIe (Popmm, game
Beero ? rpopmy .KOKKOB 111111 na.notieK, pacnonouceimmx no-
napHo.
PICTOIIHHKOM 3a6aneBatinul B ecTecTsemibtx yCJIOBIIHX 51B-
affeTc1 tienosex, 60JIbH011 CbIITHIAM T11400M. Cb111110c1 T11(1) pac-
npocTpaimoT BI1113, KoTopme cxy)KaT OCHOBHbIMH
so36y,akrre.rm.
ripm IICKyCCTBeHHOM npiimeHeHHH rIBOTHB'HHKOM B036371uI-
TeJ151 9TOPO 3a60nesamin 3apa)KeHue CIDUTHIDIIM T114)0M B03-
M0X(110 tiepe3 AbixaTenbHbre flyTH, noupen(iteH,Hyto Kon(y,
CJI14311CTbIe 060.710111CH H imuieHapuTe.nbribul TpaKT.
14HKy6911HOHHbIti nepHoa ripit 9TOrl 60J1e31111 COCTaBJI51eT
OT ITSITH AO 23 Juier{; B 'opexiem niyHmepHo 10-14 After.
Flepame npu3Hami 3a6onertamun: 03H06, 6bieTpoe 110BbI-
tueinie TemnepaTypm, 011J1bH3571 TOJI0BHHH 60.7th, o6u.ian on,
38
60CTb H B93611TOCTb BO BCM Te.ne. TemnepaTypa B 'retinue
HeCK011bKIIX ;well (7-9 LtHeri) ItepxKeHm1 m 80,110-
IICTOIIHRKOB OT 6aKTepHanbH0r0 aarpH3HeHHH.
Ha x.ne6o3aBoAax, mzooKom6nHaTax, koHcepBm:Ax H Apy-
rxx ape,anpmiTmix ntHweBoil npombiumeHHocTH, a Tann B
CTOJIOBbIX, 'Ha 4aa6pHKax-KyxHnx, B lip0/1,0BOJIbCTBeHHbIX
mula,aax 11 maramwax nposomyrcg nocTomqbdi camyrapebiii
KOHTp0Ab. Kpome yoro, ocyw,ecTBAmoTcH meponpHRTHH, npe-
Aynpe)K,,awow.He BO3MO}KHOCTb 3apmemisi npo,aperoB nuTa.
IIHS1 B npouecce HX HarOTOBJIeHHH, xpaHemin, a Tame npH
Tpaucnopmposice.
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yAmemie oT6pocos CHOCO6CTBy1OT paamHmeHmo myx ? ne-
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mep, XOJIepbI, 6p10111)1-10r0 TH(Pa, .11,113eHTeplili H Ap.). nO3TOMy
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HbIX rIpHBHBOK. TaK KaK B yC.TIOBHSIX npHmeHemv 6aKTepHo-
?uornt4ecKoro opmun IlpHBITBKH HBJIHIOTCFI OXIYIN H3 OCHOB-
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itHaabHbill pa3,ae.n (r,naBa tieTsepTaH).
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,aynpeawrenbHbix meponcpniiTai, ocymecianflembix B ropoxiax,
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pomeoe 3Hatlemie 1IJI51 ycnewHon 6opb6b1 c BO3EHKHOBeHH-
em H pacnpocTpaHeHHem 1II4e1c11330HHbIX 3a6o,neaaHml B coy-
qae npHmeHeHmi IIpOTHBHHKOM 6aKTepHOJI0rWleCK0r0 opy)KHR.
47
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
ary 6onbutylo H 'sammyto pa6oTy B llama crpaHe B03-
nriaBJ15110T H npawriptectut OCyWgCTBJ151IOT MHorcommem-ibie
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CJIeiloBaTexbOKIle HHCTIITyTbI 31114emilOnorint, 'MHKp06IIOJIO-
nIH H CbIBOpOTOK. OHI' pa3pa-
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xawrinot j nettenun 11114JeKLIHOHHbIX 3a6oneBantni (Baxu,HHbr,
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6awrepHartormtecxnft 1O11Tp0J1b.
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6xaroliplISITCTByloume CO3,RaI11110 ecTecTBelmbIX ?llama MI-
(PelUtlICI, TO eCTb BbIRCH5110T, Kamm inttPeKturolnible 3a6ane-
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MI II KaKOBbl nyrn dIX pacnpocTpaneHlln; onpueitsnoT Ham"-
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Inamir CTIOCO6CTBOBaTb npoBeAelnuo npuynpeAnTexbHbix me-
poriptinntli, a BO spew' B0f1HbI ? urporo CO6J110,aaTb BCC
I-Tap-luta noBeAeHttn, onpe,geanembre cnrHaJtamH MIIBO, ii
ymezo ,gerICTBOBaTb B yCJIOBIISIX npnmeHeHnn ITpOTHBIIIIKONI
6axTepHoaorwtecKoro oppKBB.
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muptioe BpentB?
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48
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ttpoTHparb 110J1b1, CJleAHTb 3a tIlICTOTOri mecT o6utecTiSeHnoro
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K 11X 3/11114TO1KeHHIO.
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Jlittmoil e)xeneltexbHo IMbITbell B 6aHe HJIH
perymtpHo MeH51Tb 6exbe, co,AepxaTb B HCTOT pyni H BO-
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oxo11 3a111,11TOCI ocyatecTansuoTcn mecTHoil npoTHBOBO3AyIlI-
Hoi1 o6opoHoft (MrIB0).
4 3ax. 1500
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30 CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
?
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50
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
IIIIITHbIe cemt H ceTqaTme HapyKaBHHKH, a Taime cmasbi-
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55
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30 ? CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050007-A
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002:6
57
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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59
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Ap roved for Release 2013/07/30 CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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95
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy A 'roved for Release 2013/07 3 : - P
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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108
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Declassified in Part - sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RnPpi_ninA,Dintln?
mannum, rpeilAepbi, cxpenephi, 6y.nb,no3epbi, cHerootnicTn-
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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JIOBJleHHbIX B HCHJIbIX nomememinx, y6HBaloT, a Tipyinbi nx
cmcHraioT. Bce opyAHn JimaU c6opa rpbiayHoB o6e33apam-
BalOT 3% pacraopom .nHao.na HRH }Ke xanntieHHem B .1%
BoRHom pacTsope
5. OBE33APAAHBAHHE B01=1,b1 H HP0,1:1,YKTOB 11HTAHH51
Bo,u,a H npo,u,yxTbi IIHTaH145I, aapa)KeHHble 6awrepHa.nb-
HbINIII cpeAcTsamH, moryT 6bITb npHrofi,Hbr K ynorpe6.nenuo
4. Tonbxo nocze HaRe:KHoro o6e33apa}KaBaHnn.
06e33apa-/KHBaHHe BO,RbI B ropo,u,cmx H npommumenHbix
cHcTemax ,BO,ROOHatiiKetHHA, HCTOHIIIIKOB B0).1b1 H OKJIalICKTIX
aanacos npuyicroB rniTaHHn ocyw,ecTBaneren TemH oprann-
3a11,1151N114 14 oCrbexTamH, B Bengium KOTOpbIX OHM IlaXOARTICH.
17-la OillICTHbIX coo ppxemisix C11CTM BOROCH a 6)K et=
Boy o6blitmo o6e33apamthBaloT x.nopupoBaHHem, xgropoe
Ilp0BOAIITC51 B COOTBeTCTBIIH CO oneitHa.nbliblmH HucTpyxu,nsi.-
y Approved for Release 2013/07/30:
Buy H3 WaXTI-IbIX xo.no,u,nea, aapa)xembtx 111114 no).1,03pc.
Baembix Ha aapaAceHHe 6axTespHa.nblibimn opeAcrBamn, MOW-
HO ynOTpe6451Tb TOJIbK0 Houle Ae3HH4)eKILHH H 011/1CTKII
cs_
117
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
J10U,e8 ;MUM B TOX icorAa 1101303M0)K410 'way-
1111113 BOJ.I,y 113 Apyrnx. ucTottunKou. 3apa)KeuHbie maxmble
(cpy6O'Bbte) KOJT01L1Ub1, KaK avail:311AD, 3aKanbmaioT.
.13,e31Fuc1)eau,mo KOJI0A,Ila 11 a tnut a to T C 061) a 6 OTKI1 opy6a
(H3Hyripuii cnappicH) 10-20% pacTBopom mopHoii 11313C-
CT!!. 3aTeM.K BoAe, nimelow,eilcn B HOJI0A1-1,e, AO6a5JI51IOT pacT-
Bop mnopHoil 113Becni (113 pactteTa 200 a XJ10p110i1 113BeCTII
Ha 1 /1/3 BOA131) 11 TukaTenbno nopememnBaloT ero C
TIOCJle 3Toro 1C0.11o,aseu3aKpblaalOT mpb111.1K0c1 II OCTa113k111110T Ila
6-8 qac. Ha paccTonunn He memee 20 Ko.no,aua Bb1-
pbmaloT umy ray6inioil 0,5 Al. 4epe3 6-8 ttac. Buy 113 Ko-
nouu,a 13bItIepl1bI13aI0T 11 Hp0H3B0XIT 01111CTKy ,nsua. 1433J1e-
Lieinibie 113 Ko.no,au,a rp513b H 11.71 nepeHocnT B Amy, 3aJ111-
Ba1m' 20% paCTB0p0NI XJ10pH011 II3BeCTII 11 3aKanblualoT. Bo-
I13 Ko.nouu,a, np0.n.e3nucimumoBaHHoro TaKIIM cnoco6om,
MO)KHO ynoTpe6.n51Tu To.nbKo mule Kunntiernin.
1(nringer1Me 5IBJ151eTCH Han6o.nee npoonAm 11 itocTynnim
onoc06om o6e33apamBaluin ,Boott,u1. 11p11 3apa)Kenim Bum
cnoponymm cpopmamn mincpo6oB Kilns-Nem: Heo6xoAmmo
flp0113B01,11Tb B TC0HI1C usnoro tiaca; npn 3apa)Keinn1 Hecno-
poBbtmH (DopmamH?B TageHne He lAteltee 30 mml.
F1oc yAy A.151 xp al-1011111H BOff,bI 0 6e33 a p amc H F.: a IOT cJ!eyio-
IWIM o6pa3om. 3anomuuoT Ha ABa Ilaca 2% pacTBopom
mopuoil 113BeCT11; ciiapylui II0Cy,ay ilpOTIlpaIOT 10-20%
paCTB0p0M mopHoil 113BeCTII. nOCJ1e 9T0r0 T11.1,aTeJ113110 npo-
MblBalOT ropntlefi B0LL0i1. FpacinnuA, 614,71,0Hui, civinni 11 T. II.
o6e33apa)KHBaloT KunntieHnem B 2% BOAHOM pacTBope COAbl
B TetieHne 0,13yx macoB, a npil 3apamceHH4 llecnoponimu
(popmamm ? 30 Milli. Floc.ne KHnntieHun nx Tame npombi-
BatoT 1'Op511161 BOD,Orl.
Bce npon,oBanbcnille B ()gave 3apme1II4n, 3a ncK,rnotte-
111-1em npuyKTaB, xpaH51111,11X0S1 5 repmermecKo rf yKyaopKe
IIJIH Ha repMeT14311pouanubIX CKJIa,Rax, C,J1eAyeT ctinTaTb 110-
A03pwrenbubim Ha 3apmemie 6aKTepHailbIlbIMM CpeitCTBa-
nO3TOMy HeJIb351 IICHOJIb308aTb npuouo.nbcTune, naxo-
Asnugeon Ha cx.nwisax H is mar a3,111Hax, paonano)KelilIbIX
snare 3apa)Kenun, 6e3 pa3pewea1151 meusinwacKoil czyxvom
MIIBO. Tame ,pa3peuiemie mo:KeT 6bITb Aamo noc.ne npo-
BeuseaHn Jia6opaTopHbIX acc.ne,RoBaHlifi H He06x0,71,nmbix pa-
601 uio 06e33apaNC1113311H10. MH,EfsHBII,VaJlblIbIe 3anacu npo-
AyKToB nlhTaHl151, xpaHnsumeon y ,Hatoenenn 6e3 co6.nio,use-
1111S1 11e06X0AliiMbIX Mep 3a11.111TbI, Ilome)KaT yHINTO1KeHTII0.
118
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Co
?
Lo-r
re!
06e33apamBael1e npuyKTou ruiTaHun nponnogirron
pammuumu cnoco6amH, ,KoTopme 3aB11C5IT OT xap aiKTep a
camoro npo,ayKTa, ero yKynopxn, a Tame OT BiH,Ra .npHme-
neHHoro B03 6yAIITeJ1S1.
KoacepBbi 11 npo,n,yKTbt, 11aX0A51W,HeC51 5 repmerntlecKn
3a1Kpb1T0c1 meTa.nougeoKoil mil cTemnivuoil nape (6aniKax,
6otticax H T. .H.), NIOMI10 yinoTpe605yrb B nilm,y name o6e33a-
pameitiBaH1i51 HappkilblX nosepxHocTeil Tapbt. 41,J151 9T0r0
Ta.11J1111-1ecxylo 11 CTOKJISLIIIIy10 Tapy npOTlipalOT 011apy:KH
Tp5InKamil 410111 BeTOWb10, CM01101111bIlMil1 B ,n,e31111(1)1111,14pylo-
uix,pacTBopax. B c.nytiae 3apa)Keunn CII0p0BbIlM11 (Popma-
mil NntKpo6oB IICTIOJIb3y1OT AByNpaTHoe npoTnpaHHe 10%
pacmopom x.nopaimuna B 17-20% pacTBope cpopMa.nuAe-
ma, a npH 3alpa)Keitin1 mecnopoBbimu (1)opmaN11,1 muKpo-
603? 3-5% pacTuopOM 4)opma.nbAe11ua IIJ1Mmopamana.
Llepe3 30 Inoene Ae.3114eKumn o6pa6oTaHubie Hapy)K-
wpm InouepxuocTH 6aHoK CJleAyeT 111p0MblTb ropsmil
MeTa.n.nlitlecKyto ygynopKy N10}101-10 opo,3,eanniquiumposaTb
Tame KnnntieHHem B 2% pacTBope C0,121,131 B TetienHe 30 mill.
(5 C.TIyqae 3apa)Keml151 HecnopoubilM11 ()opmamH mu1ap060B);
npu 3apa)KeHn1 cnopoBb1Nn4 cpopmamH cpoK KHantleinin yBe-
JuitmaeTcn 11,0 LI,Byx ttacoB.
CTeKJInuilyio yKynopKy ,KIEISITUTb He peKomeHmeTcsi.
Bo.nmume KommecTBa meTannutiecimx 11.7111 CTeK,T15111HbIX
6 aHoK c in p o,u,ywraml t u,en eco o 6 p a 3'HO o 6 e33 ap a }K 'Man, n a -
pom 5 Ae3111111)0IC11:110HHbIX ,Kamepax npu TemnepaType 100-
110?. j1,J151 no.nHoro 06e33apa)1-0115a1III51 5 C.TIT-Iae 3apaNcem1151
onopoBbimn (i)opmamu mimp06oB Tpe6yeTc51 90 mHH., a rim'
3apmemin Heonopoummn (popmamH ? 40 MI111.
Happlumie nosepxHocTil AepeBnHHoil Tapbt (6otieK, 51111,I1-
KOB 11 T. H.), 3alpmembIe C110p01313IIMII (1)OpmaNix MI3Kpo60B,
06e33 a p aaKimaIOT ice6.phBr HBall'HeM 20% p a MO p om x.n o pH oil
113BeCTI1 (113 pactieTa 1 Ji pacTBopa Ha 1 AL2 Tapbt), npmem
o6pa6oncy alp0H3BOXIT aie meHee Tpex pa3, c ITHTe.puazamu
mexmy Kaxmoil o6pa6oTKoil B 15-20 MI1H. npH 3apa)KeHI111
He0110p0BIDIMII cpopmamH mincpo6oB IICII0J1b3y1OT 5% 30A-
Hb111 'paczaop mopHoil II3BeCTI1 C noc.nevioul,nm npoTapaHH-
em TapIDI BeT01.11b10, CIMO4CFIHOI1 B 9TOM )1Ce paCI1B0,pe. 4epe3
30 '11,111-1. ROCJIe 06pa6OTKII, JI,epet1151HuyI0 Tapy MOIOT
30A01-1. IIpn o6pa6o-rve AepoBninuort Tam,' ,Haoso c.newrb 3a
Tem, tiTO6bI Aeamulyimaprouve BemecTBa He nona.nm Ha
11p0,L1yIKTbI, TaK KalK 910 WO)KeT Bbl3BaTb HX noptiy.
y Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-ninanpnnoonnngrInnn
119
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
06e3apammalme mnca H pui6H1 Ilp0H3BOAHTC5I 06bIlitHO
nyTem KmantleHun 8 Tettemie 2 qac. c momenTa 3ationaltHH
Hoot(HI; npHgem HycKH mnca ,ILOJIJKHbI 6bITb Hecom He 6oaee
oxworo xn.norpamma.
)1cHpbI o6e33apmnBaloTcsi Harpesalmem; npn 3TOM
TemnepaTypa iix 0,0JIJKlia 6bITb Acme/lei-la ILO 100?. ripoAo.q-
HUITe.nbHOCTb HarpeHaHnn npn 3apmeHHH HecnoposHimn
cpopmamn mHxpo6oH ? 30 MHH.
lip?Amu IIIITHHHH,TopHre HeJIb3H no,gHeprHyTH KHTIH-
tiennio HAH HapKe 6e3 H3MeHeHHH HX BKyCOBbIX H nuTaTe.ith-
libIX CBOACT1B, no,R.nem(aT nepepa6ome HAM yfilltITOJKeHHIO.
Flepepa6oncy H yHHtrrox(eHlle npoxiywros 111)01,1313?,1451T B CO-
OTBeTCTBH11 CO CHealla.lIbHbIMI1 HHcTpyKuHnmn.
10aBa AaeKcanktponna JleGeaena, Bnaaumnp Anexcanaponnit
Cepe6pnKoa
BAKTEPHOJIMPIECKOE OPY)IcHE 141-10CTPAHHIDIX APM14FI
14 3AW,FITA OT HEM
PeaaxTop Al. R. Katteectcan, Texn. pea. B. H. repactudoca
_
F-30503. Caano a na6op 9/IV-57 r. 110BMIC. K net!. 1/X-57 r.
Bymara 84X108V32 Timm 65 000 31K6b1 meKay napo,aamn Bcex maul, CTOHT 3a ocsna6.neinte
lianpoKamocTli mexulynapo,aBou o6cTalloBKH. Bce nporpec-
cliBuoe itezoBetiecno no/Laep}KusaeT 3Ty mnponio611Bylo nonti-
? Haweti cTpaubi.
aaHaKo B KanwramicnitiecKnx cTpallax cyutecTBytar
Bpamae6Hb1e C11.11131, KoTopbre XOTS1T nommaTb Ham WITH ITO
H36palinomy ByTH, COTOBSITC51 pa3m3aTb HOBy10 mnpoByto
Bally, ncr1o.nb3oBaTb Benitmarimee OTKpbITHe qe.noBetiecTBa ?
aTOMHy10 meprmo ? B KatiecTBe opy)KEIR maccoBoro yHtmo-
)Kertim.
-3To o65l3b1Ban Be Cb coBeTcKuil HapoR 6b1Tb 6/111TeAbHb1M,
HOMHHTb BCC THFOTbI H Orp0MlibIe H{CpTBbI Hp0111/10ri B01111b1,
6131Tb rOTOBbIM K 3atturre CBOCri COUHaMICTHLICCKOrl Poi
KamKKR. Ho gT06b1 ripaBmbilo
HCII0J1b30BaTb cpe,acTBa 3autprrfA, Ba,ao 1,1X 113)11111Tb.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
3
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
COBeTCK1111 rpaKaannn /tame!' 31IaTb, Katate
cyulecTayloT cnoco6bi n cpe.acTaa 3aLIIIITb1 ii iar ux 11C110116-
30BaTb, 4T0 unto iieRaTb HO curna.nam mecTuoil flpOTHBO-
13034WFIOrl o6oponbi (mnBo), KK nem ce6n a 3apalKeI1b1 B nacTon.akeil 6pounope.
_
mew
Faana I
COBPEMEHHblE CPEACTBA HATIA,REHH51
H HOPA)KEHH51
OCHOBIIbIM cpeacTnom nanaltenna na ropoita, nace.nen-
libje HylIKTbl H pa3J111111-1b!e 0613eKTbI napo,tworo X0351rICTBa,
pacnommennbie B TbIJIy cTpanbi, IIBJI51eTC1 6om6ap/wpono4-
Ilan =Lamm.
Bo apemn neptiort mnponoil BOCIHbl Ha Boopmennn 6oNt-
6apa1pono411oil alumni 6b11114 TOJIbK0 4)3/ramie, samtra-
TeablIble H OCK0J1041ibIe annaunonnbie 6om6b1 maabix ii6-
POB P13-3a nuaKnx TeXHIPleCKIIX KatieCTB (maaan rpyao-
noxbemnocTb) camo.neTi31-6oNt6ap,alipOBLUI1K11 MOI-J1/1 no,ann-
MaTb 11e60J1bW0e KOJIII4eCTBO 60M6; neanagaTeabnan amb-
HOCTb, BbICOTa II CKOPOCTb naneTa 1103BOJIAJ111 cam0JIeTam-
6om6ap,anponLunKam necTn 6oenble ,aericTun TaIlbK0 nem-
cpeAcTnenno iia.ii notem 6on HRH 13 nptupponTonbix paflonax,
o6pa3om c UeJlblO nopmenun BoilcK npoTtinnuKa.
B nacTonatee [Tema aanaumonnan Tennuca HaX0AIITC1
Ha 11),T11 ocyniecTanentin naneTon ua necbma 6o.fuilune pac-
CT0511111S1 (,q0 HeCKOJIbKHX TbIC514 KuomeTpon), CO CKOpOCTb10,
npenbnnatouteri CKOpOCTb sayKa (T. e. CBblWe 1200 Km/itac),
11 BbICOTOrl no.neTa 6o.nee 15 000 At. Conpemennbie camo.neTb1-
6om6ap,anpoaU1m MOITT HeCTII HeCK0JIbK0 LleCSITKOB TOHH
aanall,110I1HbIX 6om6. Taluim o6pa3om, TIOSIBIlJlacb BO3M0)K-
110CTb nopmaTb my6oKne TbIJI131, KoTopue 6b1J114 ne.aocTynnbt
Ame BO !Tema nTopoci Mlip0B0r1 CJI0>KliaS1 annapa-
Typa, ycTanomennan Ha conpemenabix camo,neTax, I103B0J1FleT
IIM 11p0113BO1IIITb 60eBbIe ,LIerICTB1151 B Juo6oe npemn cyTox 11
npn Jno6oil norue.
Oitnonpemenno c pasanTnem aBliaIIIIII paanunaancb n
coneptuencTnonaancb cpeitcTaa nopaxienna c Boartyxa: 11051B11-
1 1(anu6pom Ha3bIBBIOT Bec 613m6m, Bmpanteimbirt B Bimorpammax
I1J111 anr.nniimux eivirrax (aBranilactiii (t)y.wr =0,454 ice).
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
5
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
MICE) 60M6b1 60AbWIIX K-111116POB H 60M6bI, o6.naAwoutHe
CaMbIMI1 pa3Hoo6pa3Hbimn nopawaloutumn CBOrICTUM11.
TaK, B 1935-1937 rr. B 3axHaTininecKoft Hanle npoTHH
A6Hccminn nTaabsnicKas (pawlicTcmas annalist napsLay c
3ascHraTe.runumn II OCE0,40411b1MII atulgom6aNt1I
nptimewma n xlimilnecKoe opywire, T. e. aa1!a6om6b1, cHaps-
)KelflibIe OTpaBARI011111M11 Be11.1CCTI3aMII, 11 cnewia.nblibie BbIJII1B-
Hue npu6opbi.
BO Bpemsi B0111-1b1 npoTHH Mims B 1939 f. BoricKa 1111111e-
pliamicriitlecKoil Shown' ppnmelisan 6awreptia.nwtbie cpe,a-
npe,aHa3Hanemible A.ns pacnpocTpaHeHns tillikKunoll-
!MIX 3a6o.neHamni cpe.an ./no.aeri ii wilaoTnbix.
Bo Hpems BTOpOr1 MI1p0B0f1 BOrlHb1 (1939-1945 rr.) alma-
MIR B01010111,11X apiri1 nplimeHma TwoKe tivracHbie, 3awnra-
Tanblible n OCK0A0411b1e awia6om6bi. 3TH 6016b1 11MeJ111 31-M-
411MAb110 60:7iiUne Ka.nH6pbi 11 oT.nuna.micb 6o.nee compweii-
Hai KOIICTpyK1111eri. XIIMIPIeCK0e opywne BO BTOpOri Mlip0130r1
Bane He npumeHs.nocb; 110 113BeCT110, 4TO Hoe!'Hoe KO1a114,0-
Baum (1>aunic1'wcoil repmaHHH Hme.no B cHoem pacnopswewin
M11.11J111011b1 amalwornibix 601%46, cHapsweintbix ca;abImn pa3-
Hoo6pa3nbunn OTpaBAS11011111M11 Hew.ecnamn.
B 1944 r. rimnepoHcKas apmns o6cTpe.nnsama lownoe
no6epewbe Be.nuKo6pirrawnt cnaps.aamH 110B011 KoncTpyKunn
(DAY-1 (camoneTm-cnaps.abi) H (DAY-2 (paKeTba za.rantero
AeriCTBIISI)'. 3a nomeiwne TOUI B PMHH HCKOTOpbIX Karat-
TaancTlinecnx crpall oco6elmo 6onbwoe HunmaHne yite.niei-
cli 3T1DC cpe,ncTH nanaaeHns. Becnn.noTubie cpe,a-
CTBa HanaAelnisi THna (1)AY-1 H (1)AY-2 npe2uia3HanaloTcs
TslIaBHbIM 061Th3OM .L1J151 nopmemis KpynHbix nace.neumbix
nyilKTOB, 321BOTIOB ii Apyrilx 061eKTOB H moryT 6b1Tb cHaps-
)KelibI He TOJIbK0 06b1411/31MH B3pb1B4aTb1M11 Hew,ecnamn, HO
H aTOMHb1M 3apuom. 9TH cpeitcma Hopaweims moryT npn-
MeilSITbC51 B TeX c.nynasx, Kor.na Hcno.nb3oHainie 6om6apitH-
posotmori w3Hau,mi no KaKum-an6o nputmulam 3aTpyauetio
111114 lieB03MOJKI-10. flo tmocTpamibun 1JAHHb1M, ropH3ollTaaib-
Has AnAbHOCTb no.neTa paKeT nocTuraeT HecKoabKnx COT K11110-
meTpoB, a camo.neToH-cHapsaoH? lieCKOJIbKIIX COT H /twice
TbiC114 KnoomeTpon. KOHC4H0, 3TO He npe,aea, ii MO)KHO
AnTb, 4TO ye B 6,11Hwariwee Hpems )11111bliOCTb HX mien
1 Canionerbt-caapnabr H pamerbi nanbnero ReriCTI3HH lipeACTal3JITHOT
co6oii camocTonreamnie cpencTna nananennn U nopawennn c no31Lyxa.
14x npfflinTo Ha3b1BaTb 4:6ecnn.nornumn cpeAcrnamn.
6
6y.neT 3HannTe.nbHo yHemtneHa. Ynpamenne no.neTom paKef
H camo.neTos-cHaps,aos ii Ham/twin nx Ha He.% ocyatecTH-
e AgeTCH no pun? c nOM0111b10 cnetwaabuoil annapaTypbi.
B mine HTopori mnpoHort BOrillbl, B aarycTe 1945 P., ame-
pnKaucKas ananns npnmenn.na npoTHH mHplibix nnoHcKnx
ropoaos XHpoctima ii HaracaKH HOBblui BHA opywns ? aTom-
Hoe opywne, nopawalowee ReliCTBlie KoToporo 311ailliTeJlbH0
npeHocxo,anT Ref:m.11314e Hcex .npyrtrx 113BeCTIMIX cpe.acTH nopa-
weHHs.
Pa36epem o.nee nottpo6Ho nopawatowee ,aericTHHe Hcex
yKa3aHHbix cpe,acTH nopawelnis c Hontyxa, amelow,Hxcs Ha
Hoopywellau B apM1151X KanwramicTiNeciaix rocy,napcTs.
1. KAK AEFICTBYIOT OSTACHblE, OCKOROIRIblE
II 3A)KUTATEJ1bHblE ABHABOM6b1
IsyracHbie ,asHa6om6b1 npumensuoTcs Aso pa3pyweHns
ropo,aoH 13/1>KHbIX TbIJIOBbIX 061eKTOB: (1>a6paK, 3a130,11.0B,
MOCTOB, CKJI11,a0B, aspo.apomoH, we.nemo,aopowllbtx y3J10B
H T. n., a TatoKe Log pa3pywelma o6opoHHTe.nb-
HbIX coopyweinni.
lionattas B 3Awthe, cpyracHas awia6om6a npo6HHaeT He-
CKOJIbK0 mewaysTambix nepeKpb1T1Iii H, B30pBaBLUI1Cb BHyTpli
3A,a1-11151, np0113B0/111T 6o.nbunte Ra3pywelins. ECJIli 6om6a
H3pbwaeTcs y.aape 0 1.10BepXHOCTb 3em.n11 HUI we Ha
HCKOTOpOil ray6HHe B rpyuTe, TO o6pa3yeTcs HopoHKa, pa3-
rnepb1 KOTOpOil 3aBHCSIT OT 10.11116pa 60M6131 H xapaKTepa
rpyitTa. Flpit 3TOM npoacKoRHT pa3pyuleHHe tivn.aameHTon
3itawal, ra3OBbIX II soaonpoHowiblX CeTeri, Te.114011HblX,
3.neKTpmecithx, Tanerpacimbix Ka6e.nefi n .apyrllx noil3emnbix
coopyweHtni. mecTom H3pb1Ba o6pa3yeTcs 6o.nbwoe nep-
Hoe n.iin cepoe o6.naKo abima; 3Hepx H B cTopolibi B3.11eTalOT
o6.nommi, sem.ns, IlblAb. B3pbIB TaK0r1 6om6bi conpo-
How.aaeTcs CHAbflb1M pe3K14M 3ByKOM.
lipli H3pbme cpyracHoii ana6omobi BO3HHICaCT y.aapHas
Ho3,nywHas HanHa, KoTopas Bbl3b1BaeT pa3pyweithe
? nOCTp0eK Ha 311a411TeAblIOM paCCTOS1H1111 OT mecTa B3pb113a.
Ha ne.noHema yRapnas swum moweT Ho3/J.efiCTBOBaTb nen?.
cpeacTseHHo HAII KOCBeH110 1, Bb13b1Ba5l paHeHns, ywH6br,
BbIBHX11, nepe.nombi, K0HTy31111 UApyrile nospewaeHus.
Kocneunnit 13032keriCTIMeist Ha3bIBHIOT nopmennn, npntuthennue
o6nomKamn pa3pywaioutnxcn 3namni, .neTnaintsin naninsmn II T. H.
ii
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Liam 6onbcue Kann6p 6om6bt a gem 6onrowe B aell B3pbIB-
tlaTbIX BeateCTB, TM 6onbunie papyiueun oiia npouno.itilT.
Bo apemii BTOpOil MI1p0B011 BOrlabl II 130111161 B KOpee ripame-
Hanacb cpyracable aalla6om6bi icanii6pom OT 50 no 10 000 K11-
norpammoB a 6onee.
OCKOJI0tIlible 6om6bi npe.ailasnatienbi XIS! nopmenna.
J110/Ierl a NKe Ha He6aribwoti abicoTe naa 3em.neri, TO BOpOlIOK ['pa
aspbme He o6pasyeTca. Kann6p OCKOJIOTIabIX aaaa6om6 "%to-
NceT Kone6aTbca OT 2 no 100 Ka.
3amairwrenbabie aBuaulloHHbIe 601116b1 IICHOJIb3y1OTCH 1(.11/1
CO3.aaa1151 otiaros nomcapa. ara 6om6br cHaprixcaloTca Beale-
CTBaAl 11, KOTOpbIe ripa ropeHan pamulaaloT mien abicoicyto
TemnepaTypy. Hanpumep, ,TemnepaTypa ropetina Tepmwra,
ameatuero Hati6onbuiee npameHeinie ao [Tema wropoii mapo-
Boil Haab!, JLOXOJUITLIO 2500'; snewrpon panaaaeT npn rope-
HUH TemnepaTypy RO 3000'; samuiraTenbable cmecu 113 Hecirre:
nponyKToa ?no 1200?, a 6enbill il>ocil>op ? no 900?. lipn
aatia6om6bi 3a>KaraTe.nbHoe BeatecTao, Haxonaw,eeca B
BocrinametuieTcri II noxKuraeT oraymialouuie ripenmeTbi.
XapaKTep otiara nomapa 3aBHCIIT OT Kana6pa 3a>mara-
TellbHbIX aana6om6, a TaK>Ke OT KOJI 111-1eCTBa 11 CBOrICTB 3a1KII-
raTenbnix Beatems, KOTOphIMH Caapfl)KeHbl 60M 6b1.
Bo apemil BTOpOil Map0B0r1 BOIIHbI ulapoKoe ripumeHenae
ltMeJrn Tepmwrable H pneKTpotitio-TepmliTlible asita6om6ht Be.
COM 1-2 Ka; 9TH 601116131 o6bititio npoOaaana TO./IbICO Kpbuuri
ii saropanncb Ha tiepaaux mu a nepeKpbrrasix aepmero
sTa>Ka.
Tepmwrilas 6om6a iimeeT meTannatiecKail Kopnyc 11 cHapa-
>Kama Tepmt1TOM. flocne aocrinameneHma HatinHaeTca 6yp-
Hoe ropetme TepmwrHoil maccbt c o6pa3osainiem 6anbuloro
KonatiecTaa pacKanembix 6pbmr, KoTopue c urymom BbIpbI-
BalOTCH 113 KOpIlyCa 60M6b1. flnamst ripao6peTaeT upKari >Kea-
To-opameabill orreHoic LIepes nporopeame B Kopnyce OT^'
13epCTIN abrreicakyr pacanaanerime meTana a tunaK (pac.
3neKTpoHHo-Tepm11THaSi 6om6a cHapancaeTca TepmfiTOM, a
Kopnyc ee anoToanaercn 143 snewrporta. Flpa na,iteitma 6om?
6a He B3p131BaeTC51, a saropaeTca. BHatiane oHa ropaT Talc Nce,
Kaic ii TepmaTuau 6om6a; 3aTeM, Kor,aa saropae...csi s.neKTpoiff
TIOSIBMIeTCH ocnenaTenbHoe rony6oe nnamit II BbIlke.TIfleTCH
TH)KeJIblr1 6eJlbIll AblM. 11 pa ropelian 6om6b1 pa36pwrilaaloT-
CSI Kan.na pacKaneHrioro NieTaa.na (pile. 2). ,LlsoropaHlie innaKa
Puc. I. ropetme TepmpTtiort Pim 2. ropeplie 9newrpoimo4
aotta6om6bt TepmitTpoil amta6oNt6bi
npoucxoltaT cnoKoilHo 11 npo,RomneTcu npamepHo 12?:
13 man.
PacKanennie 6pbiara meTanna, pa36pacbiaaemble npa
ropeinia TepAIIITHbIX 11 9nexTpoimo-TepM1ITIlbIX 60m6, moryT
nonwararb .nerKoaocnnameHmoutueca maTepaanbi, mute,
Kai( cTpy>iKe o6pa3par Abim, TymaH. OB, Haxo,nnutee-
CH B 6oesom COCT0HHI111, H oKa3brnaeT nopawatoutee ,gefiCTBIle
Ha'J110,aerl u 1KHBOTAIX.
flapoo6pa3Hble (ra3006pa3Hbie) OB CMCLIIHBalOTCH C
1303,ayX0M, coa3an o6.naK0 3apaweHHOTO Bou.yxa.
MeaKo pa3Apo6.neHubie Tnepitbie wiu KIIWthe 4aCTH1114/1 OB,
Haxon.nutuecn BO B3BeWeHHOM COCT051H1111 a sonlyxe, CO3-
o6.naKo n,RoenToro .nbima 11.1111 TymaHa. Kane.nbHo-wHA-
KHe OB 3apawaKyr nonny, Buy n pa 3J111 H ble floe/mum.
Floyromy oTpae..neHHe mower 6b1Tb Bb13BaHO 31lb1xaHnem
nosnyxa, K KoTopomy riplimewaHo OB, 11J111 npuKocHoBeHnem
K sapanieHHori nonse, pacTeHHHm H pammbim npeameTam,
a TaKwe nonaJtaintem Kane.nb OB Ha ne.rnmeKa BAH 11{11130T1-102
(Hanimmep, npu nomme OB c Bomyxa (pile. 3) H.nil tIpH
n3pb1oe xnmultiecKoti asHa6om6b1 13 Bo3,Etyxe, Ha HeKoTopoil
BbICOTe Halt 3eM.Iler1). MOJKHO nanyqaTb nopaweHue, ynoT-
pe6nnn B runn,y 3apanieHHbie npoayKTbi H Buy.
Boenan CTOVIKOCTb OB, T. e. spew', 13 Tegemie Komporo
OH11 coxpaHsnoT ctioe nopawaiow,ee ,neficInHe B noaayxe HAM
Ha MeCTI1OCTH, 1.T151 pa3J1111111bIX OB pa3.1Htnia. Chia 3aBliCHT
OT CI30fiCTB OB, ax 60eB0r0 COCT051H1151, a TaKwe dT yCJI0B1111
10
Declassified
1"
.???
noroAbi H pe.nbabd mecTilocTn. HanpHmep, B )KapKyio noroity
OB HcriapapoTca 6bicTpee, npn 9TONI B BO3J1yXe comaeTcst
? o6.naKo napon OB C BbICOKOri nopawalouteil CTI0006110CTb10.
BMeCTe C TM o6pa3ytotumec5T 13 wapKylo norwty BOCX0,11,51111316
TOKII no3,nyxa ycKopsnoT paccensaHne OB. Ha yqacTKax
C rycToil paCTIITejIbHOCTbIO, a TatoKe B y3KIIX yollu.ax, Tynn-
???
4?2;,
?
? fe
? >',A'?
N- ?
eff'r
>ete,
/ ?
4.?
- 4.7
? 0 II t !At.**
?? p A
Puc. 3. Bbi.nnsaitne OB 113 cneuttanbnix noi6opoB
Kax, BO ABopax BbICOKFIX AOMOB /1,11HTe.11bHOCTb 3apaweHnn
yee.nntninaeTcn. B mecTax, rji.e HT II,BIDKeHHH nontyxa, 3a,
pawetaibiri Bo321yx moweT xnuTe.nbHo 3anepnumaTbcn, co3,tta,
Ban onacHble 3acTon. Ha pOBH011 MeCTHOCTII 6e3 pacTHTe.nb-
HOCTH, Ha unipoKlix npombtx ymntax'OB 6btc-rpo paccennaKyr,
C51. ,11,0)K,ab 14 Ci-ler Bcerzta ymeHbwaioT CTOfiKOCTb OB.
no croificooni npitHnTo yCJI0BHO no,apa3,t1emyrb Bce OB
Hi
CTOrIKme a HeCTOfiKHe.
CTOfiKHMH H33b1BaIOT TaKiie OB, KoTopue cnoco6Hbt
)1,J111TeJ1b110e npemn (oT HeCKOJIbKIIX nacos AO mHormx cyroK).
OCTaBaTbC51 Ha 3apa)KeHHOM ofteKTe H coxpaHnTb cnoe no-
pawaKange AericTime. 06bitmo 9T0 11413,aKOCTH C Bb1COKOI1 Tem,
neparypoil Kdropue mexneHHo HcnapsnoTcn n
Ma-
JIO nonepweHbi Aeiturnmo main K HIIM OTHOCHTCH 1111p1IT,
.1110H3HT, a3oTHcTmil unpirr, 3apHH, Ta6yH.
in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
11
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
H e C TO II K 11M 11 11a3b1BalOT Tame OB, KOTOpble 6bmTpo
ncnapsnoTcn HAN nem pa3narwoTcn no,a, iteficTunem mull,
cueTa ii Apyrux cpaxTopou. np0):10JDKIITeJlblIOCTb ,aeriCTB1151
TaKI1X OB lIctnIcJIileTcsl ianyTaNta 11J111 ,aecnTxamn mnnyT.
K HeCTOIIKIINI OB OTHOCHTC51 .rierxwiesTytine >xnAxocTn c 11113-
KOil TemnepaTypoil xnnennn (nanpiimep, cmm.nbnan xnc.no-
Ta) nan ra3bi (Hanpnmep, (PocreH). K rpynne necToindix OB
0TH0CATC51 11 Tuep,abie OB, xoTopbie Him 6oenom npumeneHnu
B un,ae Tuep?abix MeJIKI1X ttacTmt CMCIIII1BaIOTC51 C B03,/lyX0NI II
c03,awoT ,abINIOBOe o6.riaxo.
OTpan.onoutne BetuecTua moryT nopmaTb He3awnutell-
HbIX moaeil II )KIIBOTIlblX tiepe3 Ko>xy (npn nonaltaHnn Ha nee
Kane.% OB nim npn conpuocHouennu c 3apmeHnbimu
npe)ameTamH); tiepe3 opralibt AblXaMIR (npn wthixanHu 3apa-
?xerworo nowtyxa); Liepe3 ?pram)! nnwenapeHnn (c 3apa-
>Kemal rmateti 11411 &cutoff).
Ilopawenne mmeT nponu.nnTbcs B CaMbIX pa3Hoo6pa3-
? glop1ax, HatinHan OT upemenHoro paaapmewin OT,aeJlb-
IlblX opraHou (1-J1a3, ablXaTeJlblIbIX H Koatiaa TH}KeJ1bl-
M11 3a6oJleBaHIllIM ii, nHor,aa co cmepTeAblibim IICX021011.
,aeilcTune OB, Kai( npaun.no, HatmnaeTcn HemeA.neHHo:
Hai{ TOJIbK0 OB npolumaeT B 0prann3m, tie.nonex HainmaeT
11C11b1Tb1BaTb Te nin Hubie 6ane3Hennue outyw.eHnu. Ho eCTb
11 TaKue OB, npll3Hamt oTpan.nennn xoTopumn 1105111115110TC1
Itepe3 HexoTopoe spemn noc.ne nopmennn (tiepe3 2-6 tiacoB
H 6wiee). Ba>lxHoHapbmuoe 11 o6u.te5.a0un-
Toe H T. "I.). Ho B yCJI0131151X 6oenoro npumeHeunn xamomy
OB npncyule Han6o.nee xapaxTepHoe .a.no Hero =Acme. ,Ilan
y,a,o6cTua Imp-JensBCC OB npuHuTo ReJ111Tb Ila geTbipe rpyn-
Ilbl: o6uten,aounToro, xomionapbn3noro, y,aymaioutero n pa3-
Apmalou1ero iteilcumn.
OB 06w,esukoBHToro geficTHHH npn nonaLtamm B opramm
Itepe3 opraHbi ,auxamix11.1111 xo>xy Bbl3b1BalOT o6w,ee oTpawie-
Hue, xapaxTepn3ytow,eecn nopmeHnem Hempaabuoil Het:la-
ud' cncTembl.
Tnnnimble ripe,a,cTaBuTe.nil rpynnbt OB o6w,e51,aorniToro
12
AerICTBII51? aapaa, Ta6yH (cTornme OB), CIIIIIIJIbHa51 KIICJIdJ
Ta (HecTornwe OB).
3 a p 1111 ? 6eCII,BeTHa51 )1(11,I1K0CTb T51}KeJlee 130AbI, 6e3
3anaxa.
Ta6yu? xpacHo-6ypan ?KHAKOCTb nemHoro Tme.nee
? C aeriutm 3artaxom CIIHIIJIbH0ii KIICJI0Tbl. 3apI1H IlTa6yH
mexteHno HcnapsnoTcn, Jienco 131111TblBalOTC51 B nopncTbie
Tepumbi, tie 3aTnepaesaloT npn C11.11bIlblX Mo.poaax, 11110X0
paCTB0p5110TCSI B aoAe, aerxo o6e3upemnaloTen HawaTbip-
11b1M cmipTom H pacTuopamu uteaotiell.
XapaxTepubmin npn3naxamll nopmeHun napamn 3T11X OB
HanflIOTCH oc.na6.nenHe 3peunn H 3aTpwtHeHHe AbixaHnu. Ilo-
pmenne pannuaeTcu 6bicTpo ii He3ameTtio, TaK KaK napbt
Ile OKa3b1Ba1OT Imaxoro pa3apammomero oIkerICTB1151 Ha man
H HOCOFJIOTIV. 11051BASHOTC51 cmoHoTegeHne, 3aTpwittewle
ILbI-
xaiiuci, 110TJIIIBOCTb. lipll T51)KeJlblX oTpan.aeHtinx Ha6.rno,aa-
IOTCS1 npucTynbi CIIJIbHbIX cyikopor, napamitt xoHeituocTert,
moweT HacTyrniTb cmepTb.
Kan.rm Ta6yHa H 3apinia, nonanume Ha mu, 6bmTpo
BeaCbIBalOTC51 H Bb13131BalOT o6w,ee oTpameHne, He oxa3bman
npll 9TONI HaKaKoro pa3Apmatouter0 AeticTuun Ha xo)xy.
IlpH3Haxn nopmewin B 3T11X c.nyganx pannualoTcu Tax >ice,
Kai( ii npn B1IblXa111111 napon 9THX OB.
CHHHJIbIla51 KIICJIOTa-6ecuBeTHan, ogeHb .71eTy-
Elan }KI1RK0CTb, CO cza6um 3anaxom, HanomHHalow,Hm 3anax
rtipbxoro NI1111,11aJ151. B,L1,b1XaHli 11 napou C111111.11b1101I KIICJIO-
Tb1 1105113J15110TC51 uapanattue B mime, ropbxHil utcyc BO pTy,
oHemeinte CJI11311CTbIX o6o.noilex pTa, 6o.nb B cep,au,e, TOWHOTa,
puoTa n ro.nonHan 6arib. flpH TSDKCJIbIX OTpaBJleHIISIX Ha6.rno-
aaioTcn cpoporn H noTepn CO3HaH1151.
OB xolicHoHapbniltpro iteficTulln ? o6bitmo cTofixne OB,
Taxne, Kai{ nripHT, J11011311T 11 a3OTIICTbIrl nripHT, nopmapouwe
npeHmyw.ecTueHHo Ko>xy; xpome Toro, 9TH OB ,aericTuytoT Ha
r.ria3a H opranbi ,abixamin, a nona.aan umecTe c 3apmeHHoil
runnert [um BOL1.O11 B opraHH3m, nopawatoT oprampi nntnena-
pemin II 13bI3b1BalOT o6wee oTpamerute.
Flpn nona,aamni xane.nb 3TIIX OB Ha la:mg Ha nopmeH-
Hom ytiacTxe cHatima BO5lBASHOTC51 noxpacHeHne, 3y11, moxeHne
11 o6pa3yloTcst ny3bipm. 4epe3 HexoTopoe upemu ny3bipH J10-
namTca 14 Ha nx mecTe B031114KalOT Amt.() He aaHmaiounie
513Bbl. OithospemeHHo noHbunaeTcn TemnepaTypa, HapyinaloT-
051 cep,aetnian ,B,eATeJlbHOCb ii o6meH newecTu. TyMall H napbt
9THX OB npn AJIHTeJlbHOM B03,11,eiiCTB1111 Tame moryT BbI-
13
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
9-Z0009000ZZOnl?1701-0-1-8dCll-V10 COLO/?1,0Z eseeiej -104 panaidd
.Admo H Ii knoa 'Anal ix/SA/sou loimIeuou Figodmuliij
"aogodmiiAi xicindocuaxsairog oili3ahu1rom aomodao ISOIMICCIV
-03 XlcHISIf09 XEC11HDIfai1clE1 X11.1AdV Ii asLothioiNi catiour3 `ahowLi
NEM NEI `xFauocuixt ii 1oIIr XISIISIf09 1.0 wistrour maod
-om's x3.Lo1e1adau 11H0 0.1DOS D*InKDdll einocbmw aFixdosiax
-sairog vismreado Li loiereuou iniosudgo Amex 11 MIAMI()
? (Blame/clog annuaair
-ogex aoitaxcx.i. a.oiemqsrm up/cant/clog 1411143X0I `d31\111dUE11)
1514HDIfilEd10 alc1H3B110 11 aIcHfaH{Hi, 101BEIFIEREI andai.ox iqmio
aunamaa anupcioa'a o1c19?3o iousiramqa :am EH amdcm,
-omax nmoimirausat'ausiixc ao3atodu ?odiong 4110110 Ic190thl
153.101MKOHINEEd ?aogodmilAi mideturirim 0.10111/0 01/ cling
a.a>moini Firm airuem uouno Li om `q.cesem3 oilholanotr ?t(urail
OHljthISSEDdh '15 IIIIEEIDIf09EE DF1111101111HDCbIlli DITESOIESIcIEMEI
'149061HW ?Figodmilv apuidoalansairog ? Ijil1IEEI01f09ES Hirai
-1111A.9E0Ei .1.01E11EU011 0.10H,L0EIMS 111tH emaaoirah INELIIIEJdO El
0.Lh `0,10.1. aiisi3vairoa .1.01MIIIH?011 Illilleilairoges anntioiin
-xacimpi ?Amaaoirah aociodom's (0101I.LOCIIM 111tH) B113E101fah
0,10HcIlf09 1.0 isaumultadau andolom cluisairog amma, imaiqs
1111115HHEEI0If09EE (11 INISHEEdEE HIM) II IIISH110111D141114
?LCHHEEI0If09EE DISHHOHYDIZCIMH X1,1HI0EIHNC H
ua'n'our 1111ad3 quasiqa (meal.' 3 `mionmailiodu animaistiudio
-odu3ad mmadaNmecradu ?1c1HH3X0I H rigodmihi arnidoalaticair
-og SIESISEEH 01151111d11 imainicAdo 1s1Hx30hm0ir0nd9ix19
311)1(AdO 30)133h11.101fOlida1)ilig 30)1V1 Olh
*(misi,uhdau `Inurich HUH 11,1011E3 arm
-JAMBE qui:lumen) 1INCOX 1JJlTnIL aa.1.3110d3 H risadoantodu
laxtiCira ni.oamaa xinnonsiraudio xaoa 143 ISIIIITIEE meg
*Aloud H Sicammi iamiahalotiour3 `1111eAdd El 'Imo 'aim
(airdod Li ti Apon a amiamic 3.aeameria EI13INIE1tE INFIV
'EXELIEE E09 FlIfIfe1311thl DISHDIfas-oimai, ?I 13 3 II B It V
TUIL'a atifIeMnii3 011)R0dO11A0 `qusisog
-olaso `aiinahalosano `xasuird aqsad laniquis aiiollacboiana
-doirx iiqfl 11x&iwd3hixoxenes Niqx.i.midu 3 `oiliaaniaa aOH
-10an309 aoxoahmrlfE.L311dH lioxa if) 01011 ado lrx
(i14311m11a gdamiduax)
mitu amicuraluxiq11 amixdaa HUH (iioliac()olanadoirx 'claw
-xduati) EEElf,1 J.oiewadou H ciomq)1 xicumumus alma El H31.01
-analindu `curnaudu max quiamign oJaniolawathicad go
?ammiqtro `15(imicitic oamaiii) HOIDISIITISOU `19,1.0d
rmolAi Biamiaira?niqa 3 (uranium uumogifird a ijuriunfoxadau `qtram
/Woo pazwues - 'Jed paq!ssepao
t1OXA3 1501.DEHHhEH *.*D'Eh 9-17 Eadah H3LOIL11fEIHOL1 X11)1,101f
Emalo iimunstidu anadau II `.1.1stroxota od.1.31(19 auxamcmo
axiCirsola 1110.1311h EH ?Ei.OHMOI `annamtSdmosoiroa `curamax
13010IBIfE111011 'Aid 0E1 OANS tliquixiiduan 'airdcm El amiamoic aog
-aro Isamu-1Am? sodeu XII ininexiqva ndll ?isnad.3natr 0,1011
-iiairriames Io 1j0903 l0ns1rf1e,L31]adu H3,1304)101 11 1101300
*W0.1.dH113
1V1c1HdISIEME11 `FIVO3 `ijahoiraTri imedouload imiqinros isaumum
-Sdsed go Hie lia.mod?lex `ivoxauus amc imme.i. 3 (11.3ow1lnic
xneaolioadii ?na J3 o (DLitt TH03 odoiradu XELIES Dann
-oiemmonex `ivoxaues 3 'LCI a J3 o
'XII11.131f Nam 'sum'imaxim-r.ique.uro lorexcadoll ? (?dtr 11 Hanoilmni `nadoocb)
go amujamax omaqgo ? 'manual( oJamoiainglig
?i1vesi30m0x 111V11,1
-Adir H nivennivadoirx `11wahoirani goicinassii Liolidorx is3ioiern
-Adaed odiarig 1O itie ?GHHBEIIINtadilEgO HUHilAdjaL II 4.100H
-Hamiedus XII IS EfIllIf113 `AElh011 thriudnx `ociadav 'acing `qadCgo
`1111E)11. :191/T1IEIDIE111 DI(1,LOIld011 s isawiesmulua omodox
-UI! IJISIOHIOEE n aruinesemS 03g
??ainduii DIIELLOIJDV IDEH1111011011
0.10.1.6 H uodau aninwiart ?BXELIHE S09 111h011 `91.30)11111}1{
iseloninurouni uunannoag HdUH 1.11c11.3HI0EV
?EilldLIII 1?13h `aaliquii3 on(nrainhelis EillE11011f ancapilan 001
-ncronisaingo ..taamaio 11 laaii3adm mom `aimaxox ,LaumArno
Linmeendloou :ouniairVaivau nulou 1S3L0IME1150d11 11ICHHEJ
-do an go 0,10i? analoijatr 'xisirauidosi.3ed XDDS OS H aVoa
Boiaudoeload omodox Jusliow ?imilasupag ojo Fidell ?ivoxeu
-us isnqiinsilduan wiqiicura3 3 tiaan odondah 111h011 S130>11/1111{
oib.oiniairomv oiSiraxisi, !login ,taisiraul3tradu 111 E H 01 u
?oui, 9? LOdoli
otidamidu isawiaanwSdango go wale mixamtedou inieliEndu
ancidau 'XE1f3EIV XISHhIllfEEd 11 xelduno `aximodam 'al-nisi-lag a
is31015d0ca3ed oxJair on 'altoci a uoiaxdoaLoad oxoLeu indum
?Fnuaanpag ainduii ridull lloxaues IVISHhOHODh-0111111hd0.1 3
`e.taan oiedXg-oimat 41.30)111.1DIC BEI3H11 151f3EINI d u
?ximade aclaiou
IJOIllf011 111tH 110/1111I.L0Eh )1 DOTHISTME111d11 `FITHIE10.10d
-oil xismiaxcedou X141141fHO aalrog tutu a `qmoilhaio `qiialsog
-0.Lau3 iannahaLosair3 143.101E110IINEFI EU 11%1 miliamcadou
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-um 11ix'AdJ ii ardo.1 El 10114VITI1c1110 1531.01BIAISOU
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'10
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30 CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
? )KwoLune npeAmeTbr, a orry.aa B opranH3m moponoro quo-
Ben IIJIII )1(IIBOTHOTO. B eCTeCTI3e111113IX yCJI0B11.51)S Nn1xpo6br
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tlepe3 pOT ? c 3apmeHHoci nutlet! man Bouofi. TaK moryT
nonacTb B oprammm Bo36y,Eurrean xo.riephl, 6moun4oro Tml)a,
All3eHTepHn. rlepenoctinKamn 13o36y.a11e.rieil STIIX 6o.Tie3IIen
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.He3a ii cn6npcKofi H3BbI, coltepKauwecH B mime ii io.noie
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gepe3 AblXaTeJlblible nyTH? Him BAbixannu B03uyxa,
B KoTopom coLteimaTcH MIIKpO6b1. Talthm nyTem nepeAalOTCH
tlyma (AerotinaH (Popma), Ty6epKy.ne3, rpnnn, AmpTepun
ii Apyrne 6o.ne3nn.
Elepe3 panbi. Ha Kme tre.noBeKa Beer,aa nmeeTcH mnoro
mnKpo6oB, RoTopbre He nona,aaioT B opranH3m ,ao Tex flop,
noKa He napywena 11,e.110CTIIOCTb Komoro noKpoBa.
gapamma 11411 nope3 0TKpb1Ba1OT mimpo6am ,gocTyn B KpoBb.
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cH6npcKoli S13Bb1, CT0116HHKa, pomn.
gepe3 mu)! HaceKombix. 3apme11nbre 6.noxn, c.nennu,
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.neBam1151, KK try!.! a, 3H1.Le4)a.nHT, Ty.ruipemim, pa3.nn4mbie J111-
xopaxcii.
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B .rno6oil o6cTanome H B ino6oe spew!. roua. Ow) oco6enuo
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CTpaHHTbC51 nyTem c6pacbmaHnH camoaeramn 11pOTHBHIIKa
6aKTepna.nbHbix 60m6, a TwoKe cneuna.nbHbix naKeToB,
iew-
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rpbmynamn. MOUT 6131Tb c6powenbi 3apmeHnbie 1111111eBbIe
_npo,ayKTbi, cpypami 11 palrumbie npeument.
?Elan 3apmemm mad' Han6o.nee BepofiTHo npnmeHenne
B036y,anTeaen yMbI, X0J1epb1, 6plounioro Tifitia, cu6npcKort
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CKOH 51313b1, 6pyue.ri,ne3a, cana II zwyrnx 6o.ne3Heil
y m a ? otteHb onacHoe ocTpoe nruDemniow;oe 3a6oAe-
16
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pacTuop). ECTeCTI3e1111b1M11 HOCHTeJIHM11 tiymHoil na,notum
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6araHbl, hlb111111, Kpbtcbt. PacripocTpanmor Elymy 6.noxn, 3a-
pmennbie Elymnbimn Numpo6amn. B oprankmm tie/19nm
tiymnaH na.notma moueT nonacTb npn yKyce 6.noxn, a Tame
tlepe3 opranbi ,ablXa111151, noBpemitenHylo Ko?Ky H CJI11311CTbIe
060J10(11311. Cyw,ecTB3noT ABe (Popmbi tiymbn 6y6o1IHaH H .ne-
rotmafi.
By6onnaH cDopma gymbi pa3BLIBBeTCH B czytme npomm-
II0BeBH2 B036MHTeJIH tiepe3 nonpexmennylo Kmy.
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.n,annsi B036)%allTeJIH B opramum y 60J1bHOTO peno noBbi-
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conanim. Ha wee, B no,ambiweinibix Bna,anHax H 13 naxy no-
.
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npoBouglaeTcH BbicoKoil TenmepaTypoii, orlblmKolI, CIIJIbHbI-
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MICTOil MOKpOTbl. 130.11bHbIe gymoil otieHb onacHbt 4,1153 oxpy-
umownx, rax KaK B 11X moKpoTe, CJI13311 H Bcex Bbrue.aemmx
co,RepaurrcH orpomHoe KOJIIIHeCTBO tiymHbix na.notieK.
B HacTomee BpemH ycneumo .netiaT c nomouwo
nponmotiymnoil CbI130pOTKII H pa3J1HtiHbIX ?neKapcTB.
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npocTpaneHHoe cpe,an KopoB, 1303, oBeu. Bo36y.anTenem 6py-
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Horo nona,aaeT B oprann3m tie.noBeKa B 06bItIfIbIX yCJI0B1151X
npH ynorpe6.neunn cbiporo manoKa H mHca 6011bHbIX XCHBOT-
, -1IbIX, a TaloKe npn HenocpeAcTBeHHom COIlpHKOCHOBeHHH C
60J1bHb1M11 )1311BOTHb1M11.
Y 60.116110TO gepe3 10-14 AHerf 1105113IIHIOTCH 031106, O6HJIb-
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BOB, cyxmiumil. Bpyuezne3 MO1KeT 11p0TeK3Tb B TetieHne
?IIKKOJIbKHX .neT. B HacToinnee spew' .negenne 6pyu,e.n.rie3a
?Be,aeTcH ycneumo II 3aKaHtmBaeTcH Bb131&0p013J1e1111eM.
X o JI e p a ? onacHoe muloexunoHHoe 3a6o.neBaHne. B03-
6yAnTem, ? XoJleplmth BH6p110H ?HanomnHaeT no cBoeil
2 H. H. CaBinumii 17
npriassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
(1)opme 3annylo. On norH6aeT no,a Bo3ueficn11em BbICOKITX
TemnepaTyp (cBmin 45?), npHmbix C0.1111e1113131X nyHeil 11 pa3-
JIHI1HbIX ,11,e3 mulni p o urn x Bew,ecTB, 110 ,EIJIIITeJ113110 coxpa-
ITHeTC51 B X0J1011H0fi Hue. MexammecKum nepeHocHnKom xo-
nepnbtx B116p110HOB 51BJ15110TCH myxn.
4epe3 HeCKOJIbK0 smell (oT oxworo o wean ;inert)
noc.ne nona,aaHHH B opramint Bo36yntiTe.ns1 xonepm y 60.gb-
noro 110HBJ15110TCH CJIa6OCTb, yttauteHHuil CTyJI, mytticrenbHaq
pBoTa; HepeAKo 60.ne311b conposonmaeno 60.11e311e1111b1MH
cynoporamll. TemnepaTypa nownKaeTcH, ItacrynaeT cnabHaH
cza6ocm, ?auxatute pe3Ko yHatu,eno, 60.1113110i1 nexcHT 6e3
AmpKemtH. XonepHme 6o.nbHme ()Hen onacHm, Tag Kati
BO Bcex 'IX couep}KaTcH xonepHme Bli6p11011bI.
IleHeinte xo.nepm B HacToswee Bpemsi BeAercH ycneumo.
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6plowHoTt14)o3llan nanotma; mexaHIPIeCKHNI nepeHoctm-
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Ilepe3 10-14 uHeily 6onbuoro oTmettaeTcH o6wee Hato-
moramie, noTepn annema, 6eccommua, cza6ocTb. Temnepa-
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Texem 511311HeTCH na.notwa, coxpamoutam )KH3HeCHOCO6HOCTb
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a mime npn nenocpeAcTBeHHom conprmocHoBeHmi c 60.11b-
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caul 513Bb1 nonauwar pa3airtntmmi1 nyramil. 143BeCTI1b1 KO3K-
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CII6HpCK0c1 H3BbT. 4epe3 nBa-TpH Atm mute 3apa)Kemln
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Typa 110BbILLIaeTC5I ,ao 400; na6nKmatoTcH CIIJIbHbIe TOJTOBHbre
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18
;
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weamm COCTOHITHeM 6onbHoro: onteHaturcH BbICOKaH Temne-
paTypa, 031106, CHJIblibill Kamen!).
Kinuetwan (Dopma cH6HpcKori 5131313I HanommaeT ocTpoe
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6onH, KpoBaBaa pBoTa, (Away' CJIa6OCTb. B0J1e3Hb MO-
KT IIMeTb CMepTeJIbHblrl HCX0A.
OCHOBIIbIM cnoco6om JletleHH51 SIBJ151eTCH tweiteme CbI130-
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B OTyJIH3M? ocTpoe ToKenoe 3a6oneBaHme, Bm3bume-
moe TOKCITHOM 60Ty1111HyCa. 3TOT SUL BbLEIRTISHOT mimpo6m,
pa3mHowatow,HecH Ha msice, MHCHbIX n Ko.n6acHmx H3,aenH-
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npH nona,aannH Ila CJIH3HCTbIe 06000111CH BAH noBpenuteH-
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Ta, pe3KaH cna6ocTb, noBbnnaeTcH TemnepaTypa, Ha6nto-
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neBanHil, Hp0BOAPITCH pHa npocimaawrnHecimx meponpHH-
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TIIHNIII o6utecTBeHHoro 1114TaH1151 H 1111111gB011 npommumell-
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CbIpbIX cDpyKToB n OBOUlefi, KHnHHeffite monoKa, nporpeBaHHe
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4. 'ITO TAKOE ATOMHOE OPYWHE
B Konue BTOpOfi mnpoBoil ameptiKaHcKHe camone-
tm c6pocHnu Ha HnoHcKHe ropoua XilpocHma H HaracaKH
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3THX ropouoB 60J1b11114e 6eucTBH51 ?BbI3BaJIH r116e.11b mnormx
2* 19
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
TbICItI otoReil, paspyinemm, nmapbt. Macconme nopawenun
J110,aer1 B Xnpocnma 1,1 HaracaKn SI3I11111Cb czeAcTunem Toro,
trro Hace.netnte 3TIIX ropomn ne pacno.nara.no HuKamm!'
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13 Ntlipe aTomnan sHeprun ncno,nb3onaHa 13 MliplIbIX LICJISIX.
B CCCP 5bt.na nocTpoeHa ii Hymen nepHas B 11inpe aTom-
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paCCellBaeTC51. B pailoHe whim 11 HO nyin ABIDKeHIIH 06-
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pa)21,110aKTIIBIIbIe 13elIteCTBa, KOTOpble 3apaAalOT MeCTHOCTb
II HaX0,a2111,IleC51 i-ia lierf
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
9-Z0009000ZZOnIC1701-0-1-8dClI-VIO COLO/O eSeeiei J04 pant:Liddy Ado Paz!l!ueS u!Pe!PsseloaCI
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-cafEAMISalina 153101A?91f0L1311 xaehictro MLLE a1HMBE
TiNicinieJdo cldlicHS an `SHCOH EH an tureuou ail E?1133111aa
alonataxeoirried logoih iodatv apa oleolinindu own-
-oxgoau `IL13OH13;111 Ijonnammdec OH 931517.0XEH `SIN01?01.1
'claEalf09 aeaaniftr isooninced laumiv
'(ualritiu `uoVoti comma 3) eisasinteddo odnfan ructiminiodu
ea.matnas arnialinieoixted lac titr32 'Brinawedou ainnhinrced
.wietnosiou 'llimenteed ISHELL3tia11F.0fl felotricsad a 153aHM
-Ernaosedgo `ead,oamaa arniatinmoarted `Xwom an onuou
?Banawedou aloirmir
niemocioa dafJoiv @mei H HIVI9HBILLHEOWI1Ed ISILBSOHE13
nive3 Cd'ir ii ailivadm lipixowex daivadunii) xeir
-undainiv XlcalcafalHOd1.3 H Eirlou a Li3aHrrailIOXEH 'eamarnaa
cacalhaffEEd LiallahicIfEa OJOHSHIHEOMIEd ivanantiatt rtoll
Ted 013 a ? EH0109 1V og HUH EIHSCLI ar I
'aced adiodah a ? edan3 Ivo poi (Ufa wo op uouitmlrod.
eaadab. 'Niro 'used um/ a ijahAir oi3011?1H3Hallill IDEffIcalaTAIX
iro TJ IJOHaTTIVOI CIHMJ IjOlf3 `dDiAladUEI-1 'isanturgurroo
ivoie lidu oi001ISH0Hali1li OH `Furendad.ew aioniurced
Eadah clIENHHOdU IgH90301.13
?aiiiimmedou a.atag ;again IN01 Uijahiclf XlcIHIIHINEOHVEd
Oa1a131,10)I Ii3(11.EJdafai011 laiticg no amollaisi wad. 'panda add,
??7
7
zg
-Hat JA) NagOrfah BolfinfOxell amcitrair Nah citisaup9 SIG
noolladau oirmouri. aairogiieHitoxoiiunimiraidaivooio
cliarat lawow uniimoudou XBEhiclf3 a 111rditaH ndi
.-am/ cadah d.olumurandonios amiximoudou oxdaif ?Sintoilsed
-on d.aexadodu oncatrog Isaiah/cif -oiniicarog uouahAir ;ON
-aeoloculi `amiesairogeo laeuS13ea ma'am/ad ijamoiemniodu
waitfaxlm/cou vou ?LiaV011f X1c1HHaTHWITIEEall EH laSadoljair
oiniada `(Ltatinenved tiarnomnixodu d.olealoceti oda) amodca
IVORIVOLE 'Wu a0NaHrfaInclEI laaa3h&IfEa a01-18ILLMUOlind
-oda clIEIK@9?11 00E10E1 Hien
IgHlf0a Liondet'S ioamiaxadou opium-law& innorin3 wad, a W11
-14(b1c 09alf-a0MEN BE H3c1LElad110 turn ?limas an (malt odau3S
OHHmumem. B 3TOM c.nyqae Tonuwa 3a-
LIIIITHOF0 CJI051 rpywra Aoxo,awr J1O HeCK0JIbK1IX AeCHTKOB
marpoa. HaH6o.nee pacnpocTpaHembno 'mom y6e)Knak
Aooroved for Release 2013/07/30 ? CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
37
.0r*
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
B ropoaax u mpynnbix Hace.neimbix nyHKTax 5IBJ15110TC1 no
na.nbimie
ii0,10i1JibllbIC y6e)Kma o6opyity1oTcH B 1101U3aJlbilblX no-
mewennsix >K11.11bIX Homon, yupeKaennii, wicoa n Apyriix
Hun. Ta'the y6munta 11OCTaT0t1110 Haite)KHo aawnwaloT
mbinaloutuxcn OT yHapuoii B0J11161, OCKOJIKOB If 3mnraTesnb-
11b1X anna6oni6. floHnaribubie y6examia xopowo sawinualoT
II OT HemoTopbix nopawalownx cpaKTopon aTomnoro B3pbIBa,
panpumep OT cHeTouoro ii pa,auoaKTunHoro Hs.nyuenull.
B no.rwa.abuom y6eNullue mo,KeT oHnonpemeHHo yKpbt-
BaTbC51 6anbwoe KOJIlitIeCTBO Jno,aefi (oxo.no 150 uezoneK).
HaiL noHna.nbHbim y6emane1 ,ae.naloT oco6eHHo npounoe
nepeKpbiTHe iiJni yKpenamoT ero J1,0110J11111TeAblIbIMII CTOrf-
Kamn II nporonamn. DTO He06X0/11111,10 ,LIJISI Toro, uTo6b1 B my-
tme pupywennu 3,aaimu npn 6J1H3KONI pa3pb1ne animmoil
6om6bi 11:111 rum npnmom nonaaaHmi ckyracHoli auna6om6bi
nepeKpbrrne sbwepKa.no TSDKeCTb o6pywunwHxcn o6.rwmKon
3,RaHng.
Ha c.nyuail pa3pyweHuu sHaHun II aaana o6.nomKamu
ocnorworo Eibixo,aa 113 y6e)Kllw,a B Hem ycTpannwor ew,e
ojjnri 11J111 Ana sanacnbrx nbixo,aa. Y6exinw,e coeHimmoT
co cmembimil 1101LBaJlbHb1M11 nomewenuumn, IiNiefolunN111 Ca-
MOCTORTeJ1bIlble BblX0/161 iiapymy. Kpome TOM, He.riaroT no,a-
aemnbte npoxo,abi? 3anacnbie J1a3b1,, BbIXO/IbI 113 KOTOpbIX
paJIC11b1 OT 3,aamin II pacno.nowelibr B TaKIIX mecTax, Koro-
pie iie moryT 61.31Tb 3ana.nenb1 o6.nommamu.
Ha KaKaom nxo,ae ii nbixo,ae 113 y6enthwa nmeeTcn Tam.-
6yp; B KOT0p011.1 ycrail0B.9ellb1 Hue Hnepn ? Hapymasi
H sHyTpeHl-Mil. I-Tapp:nue (sauniTHo-repmemilecKne) ,ase-
pH Ae.naior (men flpOtJHbIMH, TK 1CaK 01111 JIOJIMHbl maw-
Ttin aHyTpenwle nomew,emin y6excuw,a 0-1--1LCCICTB11571 yiLap-
11011 H OCKOJIKOB, a Tame OT 11p01111KaI11151 wiewHero
sapa?Kennoro no3,ayxa.
13HyTpenunn Huepb npe,anasHaueria TOJIbK0 ,a.riff 1130.1151-
1111 11 nomeweHH11 y6e)Kmaa OT aapmemloro nomyxa. Talcum
o6pa3om, o6e Hnepn o6ecnetninaioT ,ROCTaT011110 na?ae:KHym
repmemau,mo y6eathwa.
B y6excHwax o6opyHyroT oTon.nellue, ocneweHlle, noHo-
npono,a, Kana.manwo 11 neHmunnwo. Ilpn HJI111H11 B 3,aa-
Him u,enTpublioro oTon.nenun y6eminge oTanaunatoT OT 06.
Lueii OTOTIHTeJIbila ceTH. Y6exulate nplicoeximoT K Homo-
Bal man ropoAcaoil noaonponoHnoil, 3.neKTpwlecKoil H KaHa-
J1143a4140}11-10C1 COMM. lipu OTCyTCTB1111 Kauailusau,Hounoil
38
CCTH B yoemw,e o6opy,a3noT BbIHOCHble IVAp-KJ103eTb1 HIM
Hapymbie BbIrpe6b1. ECJ1H f 3iLaHhlhI If CT BoAonpono,a,a,
B y6e}Knw,e CTaBSIT pyulible yMblBaJlbH111(11 11 C034,a10T 3anac
BO,gbI. rInTbenylo (mufliltieHylo) no,ay xpaHS1T B 6aKax
113 pacueTa 1 it ua tleaoHeKa B ACHE,. npH OTCyTCTBH11 SACK-
Tpntiecitoro ocHewsenun H B c.nyuae ero BbIKJ110112111151y6emuke
ocseataloT amymy.nwropnbimn cpouapHmil WIN cnetiamil.
?-
41i
4.
741
-tz?
Tu-itHtycZ
irz?
Ptic. 9. Btlyipeimitri ruin nonaanbtioro y6emituia
BHyTpemme nomeuleHHu y6e)Kuuta, npeata3natiewibie
AJIH pa3meuteH1H J1loJLeu1, HasbinaloT oTeeKamn. B oTceKax
umemcn cry.nbn, cKamernai 11HpyraH me6enb, a Tame an-
TeuKa, cpe,acTua noxiapoTymeHHn (oHim Han Ana
orHeTywnTeAs, 6oun c BoHoil, se,apa, necoK), anapHiiHbilf
HucTpymeHT (Tonopbi, JI0MbI, Kupwl, KynarLabi), nponozoxa
II TJIlina.
B y6exonue HO 1103MO}KH0CTII npono,an Te.necboH if 0651-
3aTeJ1b110 o6opyHyloT .71 11 11 III0 pa,aHoTpaHcauumollHoil CeTH,
ycTauaannnan penpoityKTopbi B Kamom OTCCKe.
Kpome onexon H Tam6ypa, B y6e)Knw,e nmeeTcu 4/11.11b-
Tp0-BCIITHJ1/111,1101111aH Kamepa, B "KoTopoil HaX0,[11ITCH ycTa-
Roma dam o6ecneueHHH y6e?Knula t1HCTbIM no3Hyx0m.
13HyTpeHHH11 sn,a noHumbHoro y6e}KHata noKasaH Ha
pHc. 9.
Hapswy co cneuna.nbllo CTp0i111.111MHCSI y6e)Kumam11,
B KauecTne cpefigTH 3aLLI,HTbI MoryT IICTIOJIb30BaTbCH yHte cy-
wecTuyiouwe cooppKeHuu, mule, KaK meTpo.
npriacRified in Part - Sanitized COPY Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
39
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Co .y Approved for Release 2013/07/30 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
2. ,BJI51 tiEro HYWHA (PHJIbTPO-BEHT1!a5111,HOHHAA
YCTAHOBKA
B c.nytiae npameHenna oTpaanmoatax 11.1111 paAaoaRTaB-
HbIX aeu.tecTa nottany HappRHoro aoa,ayxa epea o6bitiayto
cu-
cieiy BCHTIVIHL(1111 npaiterca npexpaTarb, Tai Hax npa 9TONI
B y6q>xnate 6y1ieT nocrynaTb aapaxcennbai B03113'X. 4TO6bI
Toro He c.nyamocb, B y6excautax ameroTca (PIIJIbTp0-13CHT11-
A1ua0lthbie yeTaHOBKII, o6ecnea1113aiou.tne yKpbmatoutaxca
He3apameHnbim B03/137XON1 B Teaenne kourreAbHoro apemena.
d'imeyxoadop
/Ipamagoimintivaiii
(1.xim'177/9 gpvetnatiectrue
trnanoimi
cxema (1)itabTp0-13CIITIL1151111111 3,6excauxa
rlpHuaanaa.nbnafr cxema (PIIJIbTp0-BeFITIV1511.111011110t1 yeTa-
HOBEli y6exanita noKnalia Ha pc. 10. 0C11013111.0111 9.ne-
MCHTaM11 4)11.7113Tp0-BeHT11.11511.1a0H1101,1 C1ICTeMbI ABJIHIOTCH: B03-
Ayxo3a6opHbie kaHa.nbl, 11p0TFIBOB3pb1131-1131e yupolicma,
npo-
THBOflbiJIbHb! (P11J1Wipb1ii cpu.nurphr-nor.noTaTe.na, apeAHaana-
nefaible jr.nsi onFICTKII HappEnoro 3apaWeHHOr0 Boartyxa
OT paitaoaKTambix H oTpa B4511011= aeulecTs, 6ane3HeTaopubix
maxpo6oa a TOKCIIII0B. Bo3,ayxonpoaaabi c repmeTanecKuma
manaHama Haripaanator H pa3BO1IsIT110101(I113o31tyxa 110 owe-
Kam a ,apyrnm nomeweHaam y6exthuia. JUl51 3acacbtaamin
aoa,ayxa 11 no,aatat ero 110 Boaityxopano.astweii HmeeTca
BelITUJIHTOp C MOTOpHbIM 11 pyanbna ripaaaaamir.
3. KAK YCTPOEHbl YKPbITHA
YKpb1T1151? wan, 3eMJIS1HKH a ra.nepen CTpOSIT Kax B ro7
poAax, Tax H B ceabcicoll MeCTHOCT11. Tax Km 1Le.nr4 H aem-
JISIHKII OTpb1BalOTCH Hme noaepxHocTa 3eMJI11 H I1MefOT 110-:
apbrme, 01111 MOUT ?EtaTb aaatHTy OT mapHoil Boa,nywnoil
130J1Hbl aTOM/1101X H (jiyracHbrx 60m6, OT caeToaoro nazytteHast
npa 3TOMHON1 B3pbIBC, OT OC1(0.11K013 H nompoB H aacTatmo
OT paitimaKramoro aa.nyaema.
0,nHako yKpbmia cortepweHHo He aautautaior OT OB, pa-
,LIII0aKTIIBEIbIX BeLlieCTB 11 60J1e3lieTBOplIbIX mmKp060B,KOT0pbI0
moryr cao6aano riponaKaTb B Lama 11 3emo5atKa amecTe
C B034X0M.
Puc. II. Tpaccuponita maim me.nli Ha mecTHocrit
Mem!, 3eMJ1511-1K11 11 Ltpyrue yapbrraa CTpOlIT Haceaame
c momeirra 06151B.11eflaa ?Yrpomemoro no.no>keHaa?, T. e.
c num B01111bI.
,II,J151 CTp011TeJlbCTBa Mead ii 3CMJ15IHOK am6apator cyxme
Bo3BbIIneruIbIeNiecTa B ca.iiax, 60J1b1.1.113X Ltaopax, cnepax, Ha
oropoLtax, riyabipax.
MCJIb-9T0 y3Ka11 a r.nyookaa TpaHwea-Kaaaaa. Ee
Ha noaepxy OT 1 ,/10 1,2 At, nomny ?0,8 At, a ray6aHa 2,1 At.
Bo 1136e)kaHae aaaa.noa alma, xaK H 3eMJIHHKII, pacno.narator
He paitom c .aomama, a B ovi.a.neHaa OT aux, Ha paccTointatt,
cocTaBMI1011teNt pampa? no.nosauy BbICOTbI 6J111)Katillier0
.RON1a. 11To6bi ymeHbumb onacHOurb oitHoapememtoro nopa-
NteHaSI 60.1113W0r0 KOJI1ItleCTI3a JII0,aerf, WeJ111 OT,pbIBaIOT 31W-
3aroo6pa3ao, apaaem npamanaHefinie yaacTut xte.natoT
HOiie 6o.nee 10 At, ,a,J151 paamemeHaa 15-20 ae.amex.
,ODV ADDrOV
2013/07/30 CIA-RDP81-01043 R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Fthati uterni pasmetrarar na noeepxrrocm 3CMJIH C HO-
MOUIbf0 KOJIbeB aBepeBox (pnc. 11), a saTem B.II0J1b sepeliorc
oTpbrnarcyr 60po3inur (oTpusKy 6opo3AoK Ila3b1BalOT Tpaccrt-
pOBI(Ofi) H CHHMaIOT Aepri 11.1111 Apyroe noKpbnite.
OTpbrincy wears Hatnnialur He no Buil mime (pHc. 12),
a, urcrynn sHyTpb, no ?cis maul. Homepe yrnyonernist no-
crenesruo c-reribt mum empanimaroT 1W Tpe6yemorr =wind.
rpyrrra TOJILLIIIHOil 50-60 CAI H, HaKOlieH, ,RepH, CHHTbIll ne4
put Hatra.nom OTpbIBKH mean.
Jxjisi 3aILIHTbI OT nopmesinfr 60eBbIMH
ri oTparmsnow,llmn BeutecTBamir yKpbrsarouniecn B immix
HmeTb nprr ce6e npoTHnorasbr, a Tame HaKHAKII,
tIyJIKII H neptraTKH HJIH no,apytnibre cpeAcrsa 3aIgHTbI KM/I.
06LBliff BHA. TOTOI30rf w,e.rm noxasaH Ha pre. 13.
Puc. 12: Havana OTplalBK11 w,eall
nOC.Ile OTpbIBKII CTellbI wears yKpervIsnoT naacTHrramn ii
>Rep/unix, ycTarranAnHalOT Cicambn /VIA cu./ler-1m, ycTpannaroT
BUWH .11.1151 melnarx sewers, IIOACTaBKH 211151 6atmos c so/torr
n T. H. BX0,11b1 B mem, OTpb1BalOT no,a ripsimbrm yr.rrom K OCII
'Hems ii saKpbwarar Asepsimu. OTOILTIeHIIH B ateAsix, KaK npa-
B1100, He AeiraroT.
flo OKOHIlaHHII BriyTpeIlIler0 yciporscrHa H cyme.ruin Kaa-
Ayt. nepeKpbrTHe wenn: cHatraza 6pesua Innis nnacTsmbi, 3a-
rem czoti 1115ITOn rJIIIIIbI TOJIIIVIlla 15-20 CM, HOTOM CJIOff
?-`421-* -**
Puc.
/3. flo cHruany aBo3.n.yuniam Tpeoora) moan oanpaonfooTcif o:tgeab
, .
3eINIJISIHKH moryT 6bITb 3ar.ny6.rieribr B 3eNIJII0 I10.1IIIOCTb10
HRH acTipmo. CTp0FIT 3e111.15111KII B TOFI )Ke nocaKtoHaTeabsio-
CTII, tITO a twin: OTpbIBaIOT KOT.II0BaHbI, yKpenasnoT CTeHbI
(6pesHamrs, runuramis), ike.naroT no.T1 a cTyneHtraTbre BX0,01.
B 3eNIJIIIHKe ycrpallsaioT CKaMbH H Hapbr, HHalHAim pa3-
JIHIIHbIX 1O2LCTBKI1 a,IIR 6atIKOB C xurjsitieaoii BO:
Aon, 060py,ayloT y6opHyro H ocseuteHHe. ,E(nst
CKJIa,abIBator KlIpruitiHylo BAH ycTaHasausaIOT ncesresHyro
netrb. Flo OKOHHaHHII sHyr.peHHero 06opposaHrisr ,geiralor
noTonotnroe noKpbrnse.
3emasmKy AMMO o6opyAosaTb A.Tisr KpantoepemeHHoir
OT paitHoawrireHbrx H OTpaBJISHOILIIIX neatecTH. orisJisl
sToro B Heil TLUATeJ1bH0 npomasbisaroT CTelibI H TIOTOZOIC
f -
fl-Iiifir1 in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
froi ss??????,, ?
-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Ap?roved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
)KHNIOrl NinrKolt mina (cmernannoii c mxom, xnoefi,
COJI0M0ii iuni 151KIIII0ii) II y nxotla B 3em.nn11cy ycTpau-
naloT Tam6yp c Anyrdn repmeTnnecKu naKpbinaloulumncn
Itnepnmn.
Tam, r,ne 3T0 BO3M01100
6bITb cooppKenbi raaepen ?
41,e.nn II 3eNIJIHHKII. ra.nepen
p113011TailbHy10 pyAnnKonylo
?
110 yCJI0B1151A1 MeCTIIOCTI1, Moryr
mbrrnn, 6o.nee CJI0>KHbIe, nem
npeacTan.nner co6o11 KaK 6b1 ro-
nb1pa6oTKy C BblX0AOM nappKy.
--,--,,,
, 4a.ivii4,A0 ,,
? 0, .?,..I.
.
,444 '121,,it44 ? iL.,% r?;77' . n. t,f -IIN'
1? 411,411,1' Vt_rItt,?1!1,,V-kr1 QP:
_,_ 4 ?tic.11. , .7 t
ii,IWIlt.itfig9P'' 11,.T117 ' :Z 1., ".--?
VP? 11F' ? 1:::'
''' ??..----.,.?,,4
4L,-- ?
......?--=----Z)-------- ftt,'.?-?';',;,A.
?
-
Put:. 14. no curnany cx13o3Hywilan TpeHorax. J110,alf HanpaanalorcH
ranepeio (Ha plicyme BlinHa aaw,irrnaa cretin nepefi, BX00,0M B
ranepeco)
EaRepen MOM() CTp0IITb TJIaBHbI111 o6pa3om B ceabcKoll
MeCTHOCTII, TOJIbK0 Tam, r,ae eCTb ropbi trim X0,11Mbl, onparn,
KpyTbie 6epera peK, oaep, mopeil.
Bo 1136e)Kanne o6Banon rpynTa cTenbi nnoTanoK ra,nepen
HO Mepe HX OTpbiBKII merinsnoT nponnbimu Aepenninibimn
pamamn 11.1111 nunopamn 11 pacnopKamn.
ra.nepen moryT 0TpbIBaTbC51 B mute TynuKa c O.LUIHM BX0-
111III B nn,n,e 6yKBbI n ? c ,nnymn nxo.aamn-BbixoAamil.
FlepeA nxonamn B razepeto CTpORT 3ain,nTnbiecleijicH
(pnc. 14). B ra.nepenx, KaK H B 3eMJI5lHKaX, moryT 6bITb
crtambn, Haim! H o6opygonaHb1 Tam6ypEa c repmennecKnmn
Anepnmn.
4To6bi 1136excaTb naropannil, TeppnToplin OKOJIO HteXecii
3e1.+IJI5HIOK ra.nepeil (oco6enno B03Jle BX0A0B) ,11,coma 6bITb
TW,aTeJ1b110 OtIHIliella OT Tpanbt, cylunnma, CTp011TeabHOTO
mycopa H ,apyrnx nerKonocn.namensnow,nxcn maTepnazon.
Bneunnoio cTopony Anepeil, neAyLunx B mean, 3eNIJI5111KH H
ra.nepen, peKomen,ayeTcn o6ma3aTb ?KnpnoilI'JIIIt1011 hull
0611Tb )1(e.ne3om.
4. OBCJIY)K14BAHHE YBE)1(14111 14 YI(Pb1T4111
H yKpb111151 13,011)Klibl 6bITb mew B 06pa3110BOM
nopn,nKe H. B [IMHOF! TOTOBHOCTII K npnemy Jno,neri.
lion/termanne nopuKa B w,e.nnx, 3em.nsumax 11 ra.nepenx
non.naraeTcn .11a rpynnbi cam03aw.wrbT. n nace.nenne, KoTopoe
no.nb3yeTcn 1aIllib111111 yKpbansimu.
- 3a coxpannocTb nmyulecTna n 3a COCTORHIle ncex nome-
luelinfi y6e)Knui B mnpnoe npemn oTnenaeT ynpannsnoulnil
Aomamii HJIH KO:Melt/Ian 3,11,0111111, B KOTOpbIX paCIIOJIWKeHbI
3111 y6exclluo. JJ.uisi o6c.ny}Knnannn y6excama H nomepa-
1114 51 B nem nopsunca B cocTane rpynnbi CaN103aLLIIITIDI co3AaeT-
3ne110 o6c.nymcnnannn y6e?Kum.
3T0 nneno c momenTa nneAeluin ?Yrpomemoro no.nowe-
111411>> HeCeT -0TBeTCTBetillOCTb 3a rIpaB111113I1OCTI3 IICHOJIb30Ba-
11115I y6exonu,a. Komaimnp mena y6e)Kinn,
ii KomenuanTom y6e?Knata.
Flo cut-may ?Bow/ulnas] TpenoraD JIutIHbIfi cocTan 3neHa
nemea.nenno RBJIReTCR B y6e)Knu1e, na,aenaeT cpeAcTna npo-
THBOXI1MFI4eCK011 3aLLIHTbI B no.nmenne quaroTone? ii3ann-
maeT nocTbr. oAnn y marta, 13T0pO1 B Tam6ype, TpeTral nnyTpn
y6e)Knuta, neTnepTbal y ou1bTp0-BeEITHA5111,11011H011 ycTa-
HOBKII.
ilocTonble y moita OTKpbIBaIOT itBepH II noznewinaloT
nopuoK BO npemn 3anoimenna y6e?Knuta. B nepnyio onepeAb
y6exulute npoxoAnT IKe11111,13HbI C 11,eTbNIH, HhIIiaJIHJLbl H npe-
cTape.nbIe JII01111.
flocTonble nHyTpn y6exmata panmemaioT ympbmalotanxcn
rio orceKam c.neAnT 3a co6Jnoitennem nopuKa. l(pome Toro,
onn nponepsnoT na,ne)KHocTb naKpbrain nanacHbix BbIXO,LIOB 11
J1a3013, unpannocTb nmeloaterocn B y6e)Knule nmyalecTna,
cae.anT 3a Tem, trro6b1 6anKnnospems IIIITbeB011
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nOCT y 4/11JIbTp0-13eHTIIJISIU,14011H011 yeTal1OBK11 BKJII0tIaeT
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
45
LII
9-Z0009000ZZOOIC170 1-0-1-8dC1I-V10 ? O/LO/LO eSIel Jo; peAOJcIcIV /woo pazuiuu -
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'mimes e1113rtad3 audAdv H gedoguiodu agao udu ioivii
tuumrott isoaumomendmic `airmgagS El goumraedueH
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'mom Funnies moVado BoamTuoiamt H? oumGcli
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eneivom BaLaettou) 1113011 xicuidAwalT HUH ulTrimagS uitiurt
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uhuVou u3i.aemedmadu mr3.2 ?damnruinag iaumiCu 11110113
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nycKaeT oHnuteHubtii B Kopo6Ke Bomyx 110,a MacKy, a npu
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npH Bitoxe 3aKpbumeTc1 n He nponycgaeT Hapymibal 3-apa-
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HO?B HHHuteii HacTu Kamepbi HmeeTcH cbeMIrbIk
aKpaH C OTBepCTIISIMII, npeitoxpansnoutHmH KJianan OT
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cnoco6a- 311IMICHT OT KonKpeTnbix yCJI0135111, B nepHyro otie-
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ocHemernin Mil orpalintIHTUCH macroponotnibrm ?mule-
'mem. XapaxTep Hapymoro ocHemerms (y.rmu, Anopon,
II0Arbe3JOB, npricTarrell, )KHb1 camme
pa3Hoo6pa3nble nopancemin atooefi. Bo acex caynanx Ann
oKa3amtn nomown nocTpaoanumm B ?urn nopmetnin 6y-
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B yCJ10131151X HplIMelIelItHI cpeocra macconoro nopmenno, na-
npitmep aTomitoro opyouta, KOJIIPIeCTBO nocTpaitanwnx MO-
)KT 6bttb neatwo, riptinem 6oab1IIa1 nacTb 113 HHX 6yoeT
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HOM KponoTenetnitt Heab351 KaaTb npit6biTtr1l crieumaabilbtx
rae,n,HumicKHx (1)opmllponannil MITBO 11J111 3Ke oTnpannaTb
pallenoro Ha Me,LIIIWIFICK1111 nyHKT, He oKa33a emy COOTBeT-
CTI3yI01.1.1efi nomow,H. Hum cHattaaa ocTaHOBliTb KponoTene-
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?Ky Pa,a140aKTHBHbIX aeutecTn [URI }Ke TaKitx oTpanawoutitx
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Tpya,Ho 6y,aeT H36maTb CI1J1b1I0r0 nopaacetwa.
rIo3Tomy oKa3atinto nepaoil nomown nocTpaoanumm
H camonomow,11 imantho 6b1Tb o6yneHo nce Hace.nellue. Yme-
Hne ceoeapemeHHo 0Ka3aTb nepayto 110MOW,b He06X0.411HM0
11 necbma nane3Ho He TOJIbK0 B yCJI01311SIX B01111E14 HO H 13 mnp-
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meoaeHHyto 110M0111b nocTpaoauwemy.
B ottarax nopancetwn moryT oma3aTbcn nocTpmanume
c cambimit pa3J111t1Hb1M11 nopan(eintamH: paHettme, c nepano-
mamll, ebunixamH, yunt6amH, oworamH, oTpaanamble, nopa-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30 ? CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
69
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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FlpH Ha.noncemut TIOBSI3KII paHenylo gam Te.na ocno6o)K-
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11 bl ri e1l,y10 111,1111 xo,n, 6Hirra HaK.naLtbisaloT Ha no.nonimy HI 11 -
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anHeilKu, na.nKH, ny6KH, KapTou H T. n.
11pH Tpew,tmax H 3aKpbrrb1x nepeoomax tu1411131 Hamaxtbi-
BalOT npnmo iia o/tenuky. npll OT1dpb1TbIX nepe.nomax cAmy-
eT cHana.na nepenuarb pally, a 3aTem liamKnTb unmy.
hut-
na Ao.rinclia 3aXBaTliTb ,Ba cycTana, mewAy KOTOpbIMII Haxo-
AHTcn c.nomatutan KOCTb (pile. 28).
Minim nplimensnoT He scerRa. lipn nepe.nome motni-
11,b1, Hanpumep, B numbnneintylo nriaAnny BICJI32l,b1BaIOT 6o.nb-
KycoK BaTbl, pyKy crifoaloT B Jlolcre, a noeneBylo KOCTb
11.110THO npI1611HTOBbIBaIOT K Ty.nosHuty.
Ha mecTo nepe.noma pe6ep ymnailbisaloT c.noct BaTbI 11.7111
Apyroro mnrKoro maTeptia.na, a rpyAb B nomKeHHH Bbutoxa
11,110THO crnrimaioT 11013931(On. flpu nepe.nomax KOCTerl pyx
MO>K110 11.110THO npH6HHTOBaTb noapeKtkelinno KOHetIHOCTb
K Ty.noanuly, a npn 'nepe.nome 6eApa Him ro.neHH? K 3,11.0-
P0130fi KOHellHOCTII. flocTpa,aaamero c nepe.nomom 1103B0H011-
Hy)(HO 110J10)1{11Tb Ha CIIIIHY Ha .ttocKy H HemexneHHo
ompaBwrb B 60J1b111111y.
YW1160111 Ha3bmaloT nonpe)KAeline .KpoBeHocHbix cocy-
Lton ii mnrmix TKaneil 6e3 HapyweHnn UseJlOCTHOCTH Komoro
noKpona. Ha mecTe ywH6a nons.nnionn 6ane3Helman npu-
nyx.nocTb H KpononoxreKH. flpH yum6ax Ha/to npeAocTasirrb
nocmaitaHmemy flOilHbl noicoii, cma3aTb yunt6.neHHoe Me-
CTO HaCTOIIKOil IlaJIGNOTb xanoxiyio nptimoqKy HAM
nysbipb CO .11bROM Ha 6-8 nu. DOCJIe sToro nplimemoT
-rpe.nKH 113111 corpenalow,ne Komnpeccbi.
BbIBHX0111 naabinatoT cmet.u.enne CyCTaBHbIX nonepxHocTeit
KocTeff. FlpH3HaKamti BbIBIIXa c.ny}KaT: pe3Kan 60.11e3He11110CTb,
cmew,eHne KOCTH B cycTane, npunyx.nocTb, OTCyTCTBHe ABII-
.)Kernin H HeHopma.nbHoe no.nmemte BbIBHXHyTal Konelmo-
CTII. npH Bb1BHXe, KaK H npn nepe.nome, unto HaJ10>KHTb UM-
Hy HMI Tyryio 110135131KIITIa ero nymo TaK, 9To6b1 ro.noBa
6bi.na IleCKOJIbK0 1111>Ke Ty.nonnuta; mom? c6pbi3HyTb F0J1013y
X0J1OJUl0 BO.11Ofi H ,II,BTb HIOXaTb C BaTKII nawaTbtpubal
crinpT.
Ecnu npH TSDKCJION1 o6mopoice 3Tlimepbt oKawyrcH lie 34)-
(j)eKTHBHbIMII, Hy)Kno cRe.nalb HcxyccmeHnoe Abixamie. Floc-
.ne TOM KK nocTpaitaBwurt npuLteT B c03HaHue, emy npep,o-
CTaBJISHOT nonnbal noKori.
flopmemie aneicrpHgeclum ToKom Bb13b113aeT mom
B NiecTax HenoepeAcTBeintoro COITHKOCHOBeHHH C IICT041111-
KOM Ton n TmKe.noe COCTORHIle, Hanommiwoutee K0HTy31110
OT 1ke1ICTB1151 papHoil 13032&VWulOfi 1301111b1. B nepBylo ogepe,Kb
Hymitio npetwaTirrb Aanbueilwee Bo3,ReficTBHe ToKa. fljii 3T0-
ro c.neityeT BbIK.1110413Tb liCTOtIIIIIK TOKa 111111 o6pe3aTb npono-
Ka n OTKIIllyTb 11X B cropoHy cyxoti [tumor'. B KpailHem cay-
nae MO>KHO B31TbC51 3a oaemyty nocTpailaBwero H OTTaW,11Tb
ero OT nposo,KoB. flocTpaltaBwemy Hymo ,a,aTb 1110XaTb
HawaTbipHbill criupT, corpeTb Te,110 pacTupamtem, c,ae.naTb
HcKycciBenHoe Abixatme. o6ommeHtible gacTH Tula c.ne-
.ayeT HaJ10>KIITb cyxyto c?repmbHylo noBn3q.
OMIT. B pe3y,nbTaTe aTomHoro 133pbIBa Han6o.nee uacTo
BcTpenalow,Hmcn BliJI,OM nopmeHHH 51BJ15110TCSI mom.
PainnHatoT TpH cTenemi 0>K0f0B.
?worn nepKoil cTeneull xapaitTepH3yloTcH noKpacHemiem
H 60.ne3HeHH0cTbio 060zoKeHH0ro mem. B 310M c.nytme
060NoKeHHb1il yqacToK Komi cmanHBaloT c.na61Dim paCTB0p0M
MapralawBoKHanoro Kum (pacTsop Aomiceif 6bab po3oBo-
ro 'ism) Hall pamopom IlliTbeBOrl C0,01 (o,n,Ha gailHast
.nomaca C0,13,b1 Ha cTaKan KHrmienoil BoAbi). MO>KHO npucbt-
naTb o6oHmermoe mecTo untbeHoil coAoti, Ta.nbKom, Kpaxma-
npoTepeTb ofigKo.noHom 111111 CIIITTOM, HMI cma3aTb
1u06b1m necaneublm HK11,II,K.00TbIO.
06oHoKeHnoe mecTo Hymo o6pa60TaTb CIllipTOM HAM pacT-
Bopom mapratutoBoKHc.noro KaJ1112, a saTem Ii3J10)1(HTb Ha He-
ro cyxylo crepthnbnylo nono3Ky. HII B mem c.nynae He.nb3H
ny3bipti BcKpbmaTb.
k
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30 ? CIA-RDP81-01043R00220ncAnnn9 R
rill
ji
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Ilptt oworax TpeTbeii cTerteHH rtpoitcxo,tutT o6yrati3atm6
Ko>KH, ray6oKo newatuktix TKaFle it Ance KocTeii. Ilepnyto
nomoutb B 3TOM c.nytme oKa3binatoT TaK >Ke, KaK ii npit ONSO-
rax nTopoii cTeuetm. HocTpa,/tanunix c moramit wropoft
H TpeTbefi cTenemt ItememenHo oTnpan.nsuoT B 6anblutuy:
Hpit orta3aHrin nepnoil nomoutu nocTpaztanutemy npe>tme
Bcero caanyeT ocTopo>Kno ocno6o1Llab OT 011e3KAbl o6o>K>Kett-
nyio nonepxnocTb Tula H nanoNturb cTeptiabilyio Hominy.
flpu o6umpubix morax nome CHSITH11 c nocTputantunx
ropnweil oRemcitbi nx HaKpbtnatoT 1111CTb1M oAen.nom 11.11H npo-
cTbmeil, Tellj10 yitpbmatoT II Hemeivelmo oTnpaanwor B 60JIb-
filmy.
flpti nona,aamut Ha mowy ropnwero cl)octimpa HJTH maKnx-
An6o 3amturaTe.nbubix neutecTn, coLtematuttx tpoc(l)op (Ha-
npumep, Hana.nma ujiu nuporeaH), npextae ncero na,/to npe-
KpaTIITb ropenne. LUIS] 3TOTO 060)10KellllyI0 traCTb Tana no-
rpymtaloT B no,n.y HJ1I1 Hamna,u,bwaior Ha Hee anammylo non113Ky.
Ha o6m>Kermoe mecTo peKomeurtyeTcn Ha.nomulTb non13Ky,
cmottennyto B pacTnope Nreatioro Kynopoca. 3aTe1 nocTpa-
itanutero Hememeinto nanpammoT B 6o.nbHHuy.
Hpli more CJI1131ICTbIX 060J1011eK r.na3 HX Hp0Mb1BaIOT
c.na6b1m pacTnopom IMTbeBOil COAbl, a nopawetinyto HOJIOCTb
pa H HOCONIOTIV nponanacKunator CO,a0BbINI paCTB0p0M.
flpii HopmeHHH OTpaBJ1HKHHHMH newecTnamit o6w,emo-
1111TOI*0 AeriCTB11.51 Ha nopmeHHoro Ha,rto HazteTb npoTtwora3
H 6b1CTp0 Bb1BeCT11 113 3apaxceaxoro pailon; Ha TIIICTOM B03-
,ayxe npomora3 CEIHMHIOT H OK33b113310T nomoutb: paccTertt-
BalOT 130pOTHIIK, 11051C, RanatoT HcKyccTnetntoe Abrxatute. Flptt
nona.aaHHH Kane.% Ta6yna Holt 3aprwa Ha Ko>Ky Han oite)K-
nopmeHHoe mecTo -c.nattyer o6pa6oTaTb nawaTbiptium
C1111pTOM 11.1111 pacTnopom FIHTbeB011
Bo Bcex c.nytranx nopa>Kewiti 3Ttimu OB Hymmo KaK mm-
HO 6bicTpee o6pautaTbcs 3a nomoutbio Ic patty Win B 60J1b-
Hauy.
OTpauntoutHe BemecTaa KOWHOHapb1BHOTO ,ttericTrutst
nopm a IOT KO>KHbie 110KpOBb1, r.na3a, CJI113IICTble 060J1011KH
HOCONI0TK11, opraHbI AblX31-1H51; 9111 013 o6.naltatoT Tame
06111e1.1410BliTb1M AerICTBIleM.
UpH nopa>KeHHH KO)KHOli3pb1BliblM11 OB HOMOKI,b AOJDK-
Ha 6b1Tb oKa3aHa KaK mantho 6brcTpee, TaK KaK OT 3Toro 3a-
BUM' cTenenb nopa>Kentm. M3BeCTHO, Hanptimep, 11TO B c.ny-
(Jae on3aHrin nomouth B Tetientle nepnbtx 15 Milli. noc.ne no-
naitamin OB Ha Kmy nopa>KeHHH mown 1136e>KaTb. Kanant
76
OB, nonanunte Ha Kmy mit ollemc,rty, Hy>Kno Hemexnetfild
cHnTb, a nopamenHbril yttacToK Kum o6pa6oTaTb c
M0111,bI0 npoTanoxiimnnecKoro naKeTa (nparma nanb3ona-
HIM naKeTom yKa3anbt Ha natteTe). Ecan naKeTa HU, TO
MO1K110 HC110J1b30133Tb TaM11011b1, cmottemtbre B KepocHne, 6e11-
31nre, crnipTe, Qzteito,noHe 11.1111 KaKom-.111160 Apyrom pacTno-
'mane; a Kparthem c.nyttae Kamm OB mo>KHoma.nnTb cyxtim
TamnoHom 111111 BO.LLOfi c mbi.nom. flpH nonaAaHint Kananb OB
Ha cute}K,ay ity>KHo o6Habtio C11131111BaTb TO MeCTO, Ky,a,a
na.all Kamm, Ito Tex nop, noKa jtera3Hpylowan )1{1I,ELKOCTb He
npoiliteT IlaCKBO3b ttepes
rJ1333 ftpombIBBIOT CJ1a6mm paCTBOP0111 fluTbenoM COX-3i
11J111 ldurislqeHO? B0,11,011; nocor.noTKy pOT npono.nacKunatoT
Tame BOA0c1 iijiu pacTnopom coRbt.
flpit nopa>Kemtsx opraHon Abixamta H npH oTpan.nemni
nyma Heme,a.nenHan mexturnicKan nomoutb.
OTpanamouute neutecTna mytuatoutero iteficuitH nopa-
watoT .nerKne, no3Tomy Heiman nomowb CBOILIITCH K Tomy,
/1To6bi o6.ner4HTb AbixaHne ii yMelibUIHTb noTpe6HocTb B KI1C-
.nopo,ae. Flpemme ncero Ha nopmeHHoro HaAesatoT npoTni-
nora3 H BIDTHOCHT 113 3apammioro pailona. 3aTem npoTuno-
ra3 ctrumaloT, o6.nerttatoT nocTpaztanwemy .abucaHHe (paccTe-
runatoT flO$C, BOpOTHIIK) 11 npextocTamnsuoT emy 110J1Hblfl no-
mil, Talc KaK Juo6aH (1)H3HttecKaH Harpy3Ka Came ABIDKe-
'tile) ycKopneTii 3HatiliTeJlb110 yc,no>KtineT nopamtemte H He-
60J1C31111. Hanb351 ite.naTb nopmeHnomy HCKyCCTBeHHOe
Ablxamte. Xopowo ,aaTb ropntmil afi iiii itotpe, corpen
rparntamH11.1111Termo yKpbrrb.
H pH nopamteHHH oTpanantoutHmit neutecTeamH CJ1e3OTO-
1,1HBOr0 ikerICTB1111 Ha,rto HalleTb npoTnnora3 BAH BbICITII 113 3a-
pmeimoro pailona. Bce 6o.ne3tteHuble sm.netum npoxo,/tirr
6ecc.neitHo itepe3 15-20 M1111.
B pe3y1bTaTe 1103,11,erICTB1111 OTIMBJ11110111,HX neutecTs, pa3-
APaNtatoutHx nepxtthe oixaTanbHbie nyTH, npH3Hattit 110pa-
}MUM ?immune, Kawanb, 6o.nb B o6.nacTH rpywi Ii roam-
Hag 60J1b? ripoxo.anT gepe3 40-50 WI-!. nome TOM, KaK
6y2teT HapseT npoTHnor33 13.1111 nopa>KeHHbal BblitaeT Ha. 111I-
CTblri Bwayx.
Mepbi nepnori nomow,H np0 nopamemm paAttoaKTHrwbt-
MH BellteCTBaMli Hanpaaaellbi Ha TO, trro6bi npeKpaTHTb
lLaJIb-
Hefiujee nomeilcmie 3T11X neutecTI3 Ha tianonema.
B nepnyto onepe,ab Heo6xo1I,Hmo ItaileTb npoTHnora3
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
:n Cpe/ICTBa 3LIJUThi U l'emextetnio npaitarb BCe mepbt K 13b1-
xcuty H3 3apoxennoro patioiia. Blie sapameanoro parioua
na cnealia.nwio oTae,Retinoti n.noula,nne c.ne,nyer ,cpaay
'nporiaaecTu nacrlinitylo catinTapHylo o6pa6oTsy Ii o6e3aapa-
mcliamine odneKtibt H o6yaa.
Houle nacTimoil camiTapHoil o6pa6oTan ace nace.netine,
Bbtuiewee E3 paitotioa, no,naepraawnxcs paxioatammomy
sapmentno, ripoxo,raiT AO3IIMeTprI4eCKIA IC011Tp0J1b, C HO-
molubio aoToporo .onpen.e.nsioT cTenenb paRtioaanianoro '3a-
pawetins. ECJIH cTeneab aapancerms npeaunnaeT Aonycnt-
Mbal ypoaenb, TO nocTpa,naaunix nanpaamoT ia no.ntiyio
catniTaptiyio o6pa6orny Ha 06MbIB011Hb1e ii caanTaptibie nyHa-
TbI, B 6aHn 11 .nyweabie ycTanoBsn.
B caynae nptimeneinis 11pOT11BHHKOM KaKHX-J11160 6al(Te-
pilaJ1411b1X,CPeACTB nepaas namotab aamonaeTcs B TOM, tITO-
6b1 3a111,11TIITb oprannam OT Bo36yonaTe.neil Jankeanitomibix 3a-
6a.netiatual C sToil Ke.T1b10 aa,tieBatoT npontaorasbi, -BaTno-
mapneabie HOBA3K11, a B aparHiem caynae--.pecrinpaTopm.
Hy1KHO HC110.11b30BaTb Tame ,cpeAcTaa 3a11111Tb1 Hor, pya H
saawTHyto 1-taalutay. Bce mace.nemie, Haxo.nHaweecti B parwHe
6asTepno.nornnecaoro aapmeints, Roam? npoilTH
Taptio-,n,eamakenanowiro o6pa6orny; ?Amu H o6yab Heo5-
xo,namo npo,neatitnimiatipoaaTb; noc.ne sToro Hace.netituo
,ne.nanyr npe,tioxpatinTeablibie
2. EIPHEMbl BbIHOCA H HEPEHOCKH IlOCTPARABWHX
flpueMbl Bb1110Ca nocTpaxiaawnx ?Helm pa3noo6pa3libi.
flptimenenne Toro ii.nn tworo 'cnoco6a 3a1311CHT OT ao.nntlecT-
aa nocTpaRaannix, PIX COCTORHI151, KOJIiitiecTBa caFIIITSpOB
H OT 'Num Apyrnx yCJI013
.a.ns Bb1HOCa u nepeHocnn nocTpaiwaintix ticnanbayloT
r.naBHb1M o6paaom .cTaartapTable HOCHJIK11 C .nsmHaM11 11./111
TOJIbICO JIIIMKU, 6e3 110CH.TIOK. .B3a1en HOCILIIOK MWKHO npa-
CII0C0611Tb tie6o.nbuthe JleCTI11111b1, )Repan, nanku, na KOTOI/bIe
nazteawoT meandi, na.nbTo ii T. II.
_ lipu panewiti B rpy,ab nocTpa,naainero mna,nyT HOCHJI-
KU Ha crawy, noN10}KH13 no,n, cnnay caepnyTyto oA,m,ny A.ns
'TOTO, LITO6b1 ro.noaa u Ty.noatnite 6bi.nn nemiloro ripnnopasTur.
-PaneHHoro B cruniy-Kna,nyT Ha npatibiri 60H; ,npli paHetant
B )101130T nocTpaAarilnero yICJIaablBaIOT Ha HOCHJIKH Ha cininY,
,c.nertia ?crH6aloT i pa3B042T ero KOJleHH iiTIOAKJIaLfsbIBalOT
noR mix aa.nua 113 o4e>a,nbt. B c.nynae nepe.noma nononon- I
ililKa pailettoro H.na,nyT Ha HOCHJIICH C TBep,11.0r1 110,aKJIaAKOCI
(ROCK0ii).
flpII nepeHocae nocTpmaaunix ita nocitaaax camiTapbt
AOJDKIIbI Kim He B Hory, Tr064 HOCIITIKH. He pacaatumunicb.
IlocTpa,tiaawnx mmidia nepenocitTb* a Ha ppm. EC.JIII,
Puc. 29. IlepeitocKa nocTpaaaBwero c tiomoulbio cnowtoro nIJur
tieTcepiloro 3ANIKa.
nocTpaAaawial He noTeps.n coatiatnisi H He HmeeT
patieHns pys, ero MOXCHO nepenocHTb, C ITOMOULMO ice 9111 npn3naidi c.nertyeT 311aTb
II Men 0 1111X npe,acTari.neinie.
Pa3pbta xummiecaoil aana6oNi6bi y,u,apnoro AeficTmin CO
C30c1KIIMII OB (lima 3apiin, unpin') conpoacmr,aaeTcn nnyxnm
3ByKOM. Hair, l?lecTom pa3pbina o6pa3yeTcs ne6o,ubume,
!wow oKpauiennoe o6,na9xo, 6bicTpo paccenaaionieecn
BeTp0M. B rpywre OCTaeTCH ue6cobwas nopounra, B itei 14.1111
136JII1311 OT nee moryT IlaX0,/1,11TbC2 ocTamn Kopnyca atnia-
6om6bi. firm pa3pb1Be TaKoii aana6om6b1 OB pa36pbi3rn-
cams 130 ace cToponbi, nosTomy coKpyr 130p0HICH co3,aaeTcs1
ne6o.nbwoil riacToK 3apmentic. Ilpii OTCyTCTB1111BeTpa BTOT
plaCTOK nmeeT otiepTantis now!' npaambnoro Kpyra. Fipit
naantinn BeTpa plaCTOK 3apaNceni1H BbITSITHBaeTCH 13 cTopony
BeTpa. Pa3mep numb a 11X -Kompiecrao 3amemo ymenb-
'limns' no mepe yameinisi OT B0p011K11. EC?.1111 pa3pbIB alma-
6om6u nponsoineai fiena.neKo OT 311atm, 3a6opa
Aepeaben, TO Kamm OB 6y.ayr 1311,alibI 1Ia CTCHaX 3.tla111151,
3a6ope it cno.nax riepenbec.
Pa3pbm X111111111eCKOrI arina6om6bi AHCTaHU,I1OHHOF0 ,aerl-
CT131151 CO CT0rIKIIMI1 OB 11p0I1CX04111T B ao3r1yxe conpocom-
AaeTen 6onee rpomiciim 313y1com. B BTOM cnytiae OB pa36pb13-
rnamoTcn Ha 6o.nbweil ruionia,an H Kan.nn 6yRyT Limb! ne
TOJIbK0 Ha HOBBpXH0CTI1 MOCTOBb1X, TpoTyapos 11 notiribi, HO
II Ha Kpbuilax, cTenax 313,211111:1 ii Ha Apyriix npeAmeTax.
XtimntiecKasi aana6om6a C HeCTOfiKHM11 OB (Tuna clioc-
ren, x.nopunan, CHHI1.11bIlaa KIICJI0Ta) pa3pbumeTcH Him yrtape
0 3CMJI10; IlpH 9TOM o6pa3yeTcn ne6o.nbwan B0p0HKa, B KOTO-
1311W1bI OCTaTKII icopnyca 60m6b1. Haa MeCTOM pa3pbuia
TaK0c1 aBIla60M6b1 110518.11HeTCH BOBOJ1bHO 3aNtertioe oarlaKo,
KoTopoe nocTenenno pacceinmeTca FI nepemeutaercif nerpom.
Pa3pbal ocKonotino-xlimmecxofi acna6om6bi c OB pa3-
,apaiKarouiero AerICTIMH coriposoKaaercil CHJIbHbIM e3Kum
nyKom. Fla,a mecTom pa3pb1Ba 6om6b1 o6pa3yeTc5l He60J1b-
91
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Tem,.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Cop Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
caerKd oKpametwoe o6natmo smonnToro Abtma. Ecan
atara6om6a 6btaa citapsmeHa a/tamcnTom, TO ImeT o6natiKa
3e,neHosaTblii; ecan xaopatteT4eHoHom, ttaeT o6ama roay-
6oaaTbnl. Ha 34a11ns1x, 3a6opax, Aepeabax caektbt
Aef1CTB1151 OCKOJIKOB.
flpu Bb1J11113aHHII ciofituix OB c camoneTon 113 Bb1/1111311b1X
aauattaoHHbtx npH6opoa Ha 3e1ae, Kpbmiax, a c noAaeTpen-
Hon cToponbi - Ha creitax 3aIr1ifi n Apyrux npeitmeTax,
BII,E(11b1 rcaruru OB. B MOMeHT Bb1jiIrBaurf OB 3a camoaeTom
o6pa3yeTc5i TemHaa noaoca, OTHOCHNIB51 a cropony mum.
ECTb H Apyrue auewnne np113namu, myropble 1103B0J12101
yeTaHOBIlTb nanuque OB Ha MeCTHOCTII. Talc, Hanpumep,
B nepabie qacbi nocae 3apaxKer 6mTb npenpa-
tuella B anexTpHgecKyto.
atteptimm (copiotmm? B aTOMHbIX KOTJTaX CJIy}KIIT Tenepb
1.113BHbIM o6pa3om npHputibril paxtoaKTHsubnl szemeHT
ypaH. B 3emHoil xope ero B TbICSItly pa 3 6anbwe, gem
3o.noTa; OH scTpegaeTcn TaK >Ke gacTo, KaK, Hanpnmep, mem,.
Ma.neHbKnii KycoK TaKoro ?roplogero? BeJIHt1HHOri CO crnigeg-
nylo xopo6Ky ?tweT 1303N10)KHOCTb 110Zr-111Tb CTOJIbK0 >Ke
51HepritH, KaK H 3 mmuntona 1y6H4ecKnx meTpos ropiogero
ra3a HJIH 1250 TOHH
0c3o6o>mdtten11a51 aTomnast sneprHn oTKpbmaeT nepelt
.nosettecTuom HCKJII0tHITCJIbfibIe BO3M0)KHOCTH TexungecKoro
nporpecca. Oco6eHHo rpaH1IHo3Hm nepcneKTH3m HCII0J1b30-
BaHHH aTomHoft aneprHH 13 mHpubtx ne.nnx B Hawem, couma-
JIHCTHtIeCKOM o6utecT3e. Mb! CTOHM Ha nopore 1 10B0c1 Hay4110-
TeXH1itleCKOri H npommukneHHoil penwHounn, ,aa.nexo npeso-
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CBH3HHHbIe c nomlneHHem napa H saeKTpHgecT3a.
Ba>Knoe npHmeHemte aTomHofi sHeprHH ? ee HCHO.I1b30-
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Come c 1954 roila pa6oTaeT nepaan B mitpe npombumneH-
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110CTb 3T0f1 3.nemTpocTaHuHH, "Lau:Audi TOK Hp0Mb111111eHHOCTI1
H ceabcKomy xownIcTsy npmne>Katumx pailoHos, COCTaBJIHeT
5000 KHJI0BaTT.
PaCX0,11 aTomHoro na 3.neKTpocT13tntint COCT3B-
A51eT Bcero ()Kozo 30 rpammon ypana 235 B ,n,enb, T. e. xyco-
geK BewecT3a pa3mepom c .necnoil opex! 06b1'tHasi Ten.no-
3.neKTpocranntm TaKort M0111,110CT11 c>KHraeT KaKnbre cyTKH
OKOJIO 120 TOI 11-1 TV'S!.
50.11bUIlle BO3M01KHOCTI3 ompbmwoTcH nepe,rt TpaHcnop-
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napoxo,tte, 1103BOJIHT He TOJIbK0 coBepwaTb ,aa.neKHe masa-
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Apar B HacTomitee spemsi mopcKHe cy,rta, HO H 3 1-1 atIHTCJIbH0
ycKopHT HX X011.
FlpHmelleHHe aTomHoil 3Heprnn Ha I1O1LBOJLHbIX .no,u,Kax
5
fl-Iifir1 in Part Sanitized CoPv Approved for Release 2013/07/30 CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
1103BOJIIIT OCy111,CCTBJI5ITb oqeilb AB.11CKHC 110ABOXIbIe ma-
BallHR.
mce.rie3noil Aopore aTomnaH anepriut AacT H03m0w-
flOCIb CTp011Tb TC11,110B03b1, cnocoOnbie npo6eraTb 6e3 nono.n.
num! 3anaca Tonmina Nthorne TbICSItili 1I1.110MeTp0B.
Kai< 113BeCT110, coHpemennbie annaunoimbie AnitraTe.nit
Tpe6yloT 6cobworo pacxua ropiottero. 1103TOMy
H CK0pOCTI1131X no.neTax Iteo6xo3lUimbi 6o.nbinite _3anacbt
ropiottero; otnt COCTBBJIR1OT 3itatmTe.nbHylo Awno Beca camo-
.neTa. Flo cpaimemito C 06b1t111bINI ropiotnns sec HAeptioro
?ropiotiero? mitiTmen. I-la pa6ory amlauttoHnoro ultraTuts'
MOLU,110CTb10 B 6000 tiowaAnitbtx CIIJI B Tettetme Haca noTpe-
6yeTcH H3pacxmonaTb TOJIbK0 OKOJIO oAHoro rpamma aTom-
noro TO11.7111Bal flpiimenenne aToNmoii 3Heprint 1103BOJIHT BO
MHOTO pa 3 yBeJ111(111Tb ,11B.11b110CTb no.nera ii II0BbICHTb er0
CKOpOCTb.
3amantinnbie nepcneirrimbi ompbmaer aTomitaH alleprHH
nepeA paxeTormanaintem.
,apyroil nyTb mupitoro nplimenemist aTomtiofi 3Heprtut ? ?
9T0 HCII0J1b3OBBIBle paAnoaKTinmbix BeateCTB. B nacTosnuee
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npombiumennocTH B BTOMIIbIX KOTJIBX KK no6ottlibie npo-
AYKTbl npH npotinoAcTne HAeptioro ?roplottero?.
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na3binaemb1e Nlettenble BTON1b1) npiimeninoTcH TenepbJLJ1l MC-
czeiloaannn cambix pa3tioo6pa3nbix npoueccoH B npombnu-
aennocTn, B Ce.11bCKOM xonficTne, B meAlluyine. PaAHoaKTHH-
noe Hanyttenne 3T1IX aTOMOB yCrIeWHO Hcno.nb3yeTc5l Ansi 110-
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liapcata, A.nn yHenittleilmi o6utecTHeinioro 6oraTcTHa.
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113B0ACTBB aToMuofi alleprnit, CoHeTcKoe rocyAapcno
60xo 3annTepeconano B TOM, 4TO6bI 3TOT HOBb1rt BHA 3nep,
11114 11C110,T1b3OBB,JICSI .11111Ilb B mnpubix IIeJI5IX. 11.1Hpone MC,
nonbsoBaHne aToMILo1 3Hepritit B namem tiapoItHorn ;COW&
CTBC ompbmaeT nepcnewrimbi orpomnoro pocTa 11p0H3B0A1-1-?
Te.r1bHblX C113, TexmlitecKoro H xyabTypHoro nporpecca, CO-
OTBBICTByeT u am FIN eiumecTIIMPAA Matia111 CT11011Te.1.11,11
CTB R KAM myliiima,
6
B wecToil nrrruneme npumertellite aTomuoil mepruu B
MlipHb1X ueosix 311atIHTBAbH0 pacwupRenst. B Tegenne
1956-1960 roAoH B Hamer! cTpane 6yAyT nocTpoeHbi nonbie
aTOMIible 9.newrpocTaum1114 oaueil MO1J1,ItOCTb10 B 2-2,5 MI-
:mono KunoBarr. 143 HHX AHe namettetto nocTponTb Ha Ypa.ne
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CTpOliTb 110 10 THHOB BTOMIlblX peaK.Topon MOLIWOCTbIO OT
50 Ao 200 TbICS114 KH.ROBBTT Ka/KAblii.
Kpome Toro, B ,L1,HpexT11Hax XX c'be311.a KFICC no
mecTomy nfiTmeTnemy n.nany npeAycmoTpetto: ?PanepnyTb
pa6oTbi 110 CO3,11B111110 wromubtx CHJIOBbIX yeTaitotiox PAR
TpancnopTubtx Hula. FlOCTp011Tb J1e110KOJI C BTOMHbIM ABB-
raTezem. Bcemepno pa3B11BaTb pa6oTb1 no Ambneiltuemy 11C-
1.10J1b3OBBHHIO paAnoaKTHHnbtx timytiennil B npombiumenHo-
CTII, ce.nbcicom X035111CTBe H meAtu.tHne, B tlaCTI1OCTII, AAR
KoH.Tpann 3a KatiecTHom maTepHa.noH, A.nst ynpamenitH npo-
113B0ACTBelitiblM13 npoueccamx H anTomaTmecxoro peryampo-
BaHHH 3T11X npoueccoH, a TatoKe JUl11 AitarnocTitxtt 11 Jl'-1-
111411 ?o.ne311e11. 11.1npe IIC110.11b30BaTb npitmeHeithe
mettenbix aTomoH B uaytitio-Hcc.neAoHaTe.nbcxnx pa6oTax.
31TatiliTeJ1b1I0 yBe..T1141414Tb 11p0113BOACTB0 )10341MeTpH4eCKOrt 11
paAnomeTprittecKoil annapaTypbi, npn6opos KoHTpom H
ynpameHHH?.
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BO Bceopyxou BeTpeTHTb arpeccopa 11 OTBeTHTb coxpyum-
TeJlbHb1M yAapom, ec.rut arpeccop ocme.nitTcH npnmenirib
npoTHH lin 310 opymie.
kromuoe H Tepmormepuoe opymme ? ocknee mow.Hoe no
cHoemy nopmaiontemy Aeilcmmo B CpaBlie111111 C Apyrnmll
B1&ABMI4 opplum. HO 14 OT HHX HmetoTcH HaAmHbie c11oco6bi
3a1.11,14TbI. armaxo 3auu4Ta OT aTomtioro 14 TepmontepHoro
opTHHH 6o.nee c.no?Kna, lieNt OT o6by9ubtx cpeAcTH nopawe-
IIHR; ona Tpe6yeT npititHTHH iteKoTopbtx cneulia.nbtibix
xopowo noAroTomnelmbie K Aelicennum B yCJI0BHRX-
npnmenemin aTomnoro H Tepmontepitoro opyx(nsi, moryT?
ycnewno Bb1110.111I11Tb CBOH 6oeribie 3aAa4ut.
4To6b1 xopomo 11OH51Tb, Kai( AeiAcTsyeT aTomHoe Tepmo-
51AepHoe Opy)(Ile, tITO TaKoe aTomtiast 3Hepri411 H Kai< ee no-
.nygaioT 11 14C110J1b3y1OT B MIlpHbIX LIRA SIX, Heo6xoAHMo T10311B-.
KOMI4TbC51 CO upoeimem meabgariuniN NurrepHaawiNx,-,inTio,
13e111,eCTB ---- amps.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30 ? CIA-R
8
nnt-In
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
OCY114eCTBASITb onenb ,aa.neKne flO.flBO.fljlbIC mna-
Banns!.
Ha mce.ne3noil Aopore aTOMilafi 3neprnn ,aacT B03M0>K-
HOCTb CTpOlITI3 TOILTIOB03bI, criocoOnble npo6eraTb 6e3 110110J1-.
Helm 3anaca TOIITHIBa mitorne KHAOMeTp0B.
KaK H3BeCTI10, coBpemennbre amauxounbie ,aBnraTe.rm
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IIIIX 11 CKOpOCTEIbIX no.neTax neo6xo,Rnmbi 60.11bWile _aanacbi
ropronero; OIIH COCTaBJIHIOT 3naE1Hre.nbnyl0 Ao.tno Beca camo-
.neTa. Flo cpaBnennto c o6bitniblm roplotnim Bec H,BepHoro
?r0p1011eT0>> HWITO)Ke11. Ha pa6oTy aBitaunonnoro .aBnraTe.nn
MOLLIHOCTb10 B 6000 .nowankmbix cn.n B Tenenne Haca noTpe-
oyeTcH H3pacxofisoBaTb TOJIbK0 ()KOJI? oitHoro rpamma aTom-
nor? Tonal!!3a! FlpHmellemie aTomHoct 3HeprH11 1103BOJIHT BO
Mnoro pa 3 yBeminnTb ,aaJ1b110CTb naneTa 11 ITOBbICHTb ero
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nepe,a paKeTon.naBannem. ?
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.5TO liCII0J1b30BaFIHe pa14110aKT141311bIX Bew,ecTa. B Hacrosnitee
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npombiumenHocTH B aTOMIIbIX KOTJIaX KK no6otnible npo-
AyKTbi flH npon3BoAcTBe sinepuoro ?roplogero?.
B Hameil cTpatte aTOMIA pa,aHoawriummix Bew,ecTB (Talc
na3b1Baembie menenbie aTombi) npnmellynoTcn Tenepb /OH HC-
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rio-
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B COBeTCKOM Colo3e Her 1114KaKIIX npennTcTBnil K ,aa.nb-
neilwemy Bce 6anee umpoKomy pa3Blinno aTomnoil npombiw-
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napoAa, ,n.nn yBe.nmennn 06inecTBennoro 6oraTcTBa.
Pacnanaran peanbHIDIMH BO3MONMOCTSIMH witpoKoro npo-
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6?1(0 3anuTepecoBano B TOM, 4TO6b1 3TOT BOBER BHA 3nep=
l'HH HCII0J1b3OBWICH Jlfflnb B mHpubix Heastx. WHp0K0e BC.
110J1b30BaHHe aTomnoil aneprkin B Hainem HapoAHom
CTB e oTKpbmaeT nepcneKTliBbi orpomnoro pocTa npon3Bo.an-
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OTBeTCTByeT naninm Beantiecuili4114 1141Ham
CTB a KAmmyfunma,
6
B wecToil nameme npnmenente aTomnoil 3neprnn B
mnpubix Lte.nsix 3nannTe.nbno pacwnpneTcn. B Tetienne
1956-1960 roiloB B cTpaile 6y.ayT nocTpoenbr noBbie
aTOMlible 3.neKTpocTaltunn o6w,efl MOW,110CTb10 B 2-2,5 MHJI-
anona KHJI0BaTT. IIHX 11,Be nametieno nocTpoitTb lia Ypa.ne
14 witty ?KOJI? MOCKBbl. B noBoil nnTimence Emmet-let-10 HO-
CTpOliTb 11,0 10 THITOB aTOM11131X peaKTopoB N10111,110CTbIO OT
50 ,ILO 200 TbIC5111 ICHJI0BaTT
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wecTomy nnTmneTnemy n.natly npe,aycmoTpeno: ?Pa3BepnyTb
patioTbi no CO3/1,aH1110 aTomnbix CHJIOBbIX ycTaitoBoK Lunn
TpancnopTubix UeJIei. nOCTp0IITb JICAOKO.TI C aTOMHbIM IJ,BH-
raTe.nem. Bcemepno pa3BilBaTb pa6oTbi no Aa.nbileilwemy 11C-
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CTB, ceabcKom X03HriCTBe H Meal1441411e, B nacTtiocTn, ,aon
KOHTp0.1151 3a KattecTsom maTepna.noB, 2I.J151 ynpaB.neinin npo-
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BaHHST 3TIIX npotieccoB, a Taime dr-LJ151 danaritocnum H
1114H pa3J1H1111bIX 6o.ne3neil. alive 11C110.Thb30BaTb npnmenemie
metienbix aTomoB B naytino-Hcc.neii.oBaTeabcKnx pa6oTax.
3natinTe.nblio YBeJ114t-IliTb 11p0113BOACTBO .ao3nmeTpligecKoil Fl
pa,anomeTpntiecKoil annaparypbr, npli6opoB Kokapo.nn H
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BO BCeOpy>K1111 BCTpeTHTb arpeCCOpa II OTBeTHTb coxpywn-
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ATOMHOe H Tepmonaepnoe oppithe ? ocknee montnoe no
cBoemy nopa}Kalomemy Aeilcumo B cpaBtleinin c npyrnmn
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opymcin 6o.nee comita, gem OT 06b11111b1X cpe,acTB nopa}Ke-
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.nytiatoT H 11C110J1b3y1OT B ue.nnx, ueo6xoximo no3na-.
KOMHTbCH CO cTpoennem menbtia1111111X maTepHaaktiNN.-LiaTlili.
Bew,ecTBA ?T9MDB.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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HeattaHmble HacTimcit
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9
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
9-60009000ZZOal?1701-0-1-8dC11-V10 ? COLO/?1,0z eseeiei -104 panaiddv Ado Pez!l!ueS - 1-led u! PeWsseloaCI
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16
3aK. 1075
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my6ow.oil B3aHMOCB51311 H B3aHM03aBlICHMOCTH pa3JIH4HbIX
aTOMOB, cyntecTaytoutttx B Wipe.
2 B. A. Me3eimeu
17
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
HeyCTOilt111Bbre aTombl
nepno,auttecgtai 3aK011 BbI3BaJI Aa.nbtrefiwee 6bIcTpoe
paanitTne uaygn o BetHeeTBe, on cTa.n morynnm, ite3ametur-
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18
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mit nyqamti conHua. Beggepenb nbiTa.ncn paaraitaTb,
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2*
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
19
1
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
6,/1110 Ha 3114X HeatecTs He ,ItelliCTBOBaJ10 Ha n.nacTiiiiky. nytal
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nTo Ha rulacTHince oTnenaTanacb (.popma xycxa seutecTsa,
KOTOpL,Iii ?Timm Ha iieit B Temirom tuxay.
BeutecTso, Aamuee Taxofi HeommitanHbiii peayabTaT,
coLiepxa.no B ce6e Nitioro xioninecxoro anemenTa
Ilpotte.nas HOBbIe 011bITbI, y4eIIbIii y6eJuIJIcH, HTO nmellno
3TOT 9l1eMeHT HcnycxaeT xamie-To Hesiymmble J13/1111, KOTO-
pme, Hdrto6Ho oynam PenTreHa, ,fleficTsyioT _ Ha CPOTO-
HJIaCTHHKy.
MccaetiosaHHH BexxepenH npoAon)KIIJIII TIOJIbKa
MapHn KlopH-Cluiolioscxasi H ee 1,1y)K, c1)paHuy3ciuni (1)113iix
Ilbep KiopH. B 1898 ro,tty, nepe3 Asa polka Howie Hatiana
CBOeci pa6oTbi, ycTatrosruni, HTO He TOJIbK0 ypaii Hcny-
cxaeT Hosbie .nyttit ? cyatecTayeT Hecicanbxo Taxnx anemen-
TOB. Cpe,I1,11 1111X oco6eitHo 3ameitaTe.nbilbim 6bIJI OAHU. Zell-
cTsHe ero Jiyitect ropa32to cH.nbHee, item iteficTsHe
Hcnycxaembix ypatom. aro 6bur HOBbIrf X11M1PleCK1111 anemeirr,
pal-ice HeH3BeCTIlbIcl.
Cyripyrn KlopH Aaari eMy Ha3saime paJ1H, HTO o3HanaeT
cnytutc?rbict? (?pa,anyc? no,naTbillH f
'110.1AdIt X 13013HE?1130d11 14Mh01 11011
-.110 lb 1414.IdaH? ahell'adau 1aanunioandu `?sintsua? II quail
-gad.i>> 11111HEEIOEEd90 3 1511111501303 0.101111311,101\10d1Mall? HH
-atiavisn aossedgoosrou Fig mem Invoxosodu ead.osedioodu
aNhOd. 1,1011MKt el-monition cneKTp.
KaKofi )Ke BblX0A Haw.nu yuenbie 513 3THX npoTn3opeunii?
B nem ceKpeT yCTOPPIHBOCTII aTOMOB? MbI 3Haem, in? Bew,e-
CTBO maynaeT CBT TORbK0 npn onpeue.nemmix yCJI031151X.
Hanplimep, 3T0 6bumeT, Korua Te.no HarpeTo AO BbICOKOil
TemnepaTypu. HarpeBas Te,no, MbI y3e.nntumaem 3Heprmo
ero aTOMOB, 1IJTH, KK r0B0p5IT C14133HKH, Bo36y?Kuaem nx.
lipli 3TOM aTOMbl 14 nnycKaioT CBCT B mule cpoTonos.
Taxlim o6pa3om, 113.nynenn5I B aTomax CB513aHbI, KK
BHAHO, He C 061:0114131M, ClOplaJlbIlbIM>> .n.3n>KeHnem anewrpo-
HOB, a C KaKHMH-TO npoueccamn, nponcxousul,nmn B aTome
npn ero Bo36y)KueHnn.
B 1913 roily AaTCKWA (.1)11314K Bop, IlpHI151B 3a OCHOBy
suepHylo moueab aToma, 6anee noupo6Hyto KapTimy
crpoeHns aToma, ero 3,newrpoHHoil 060JIMIKH. OH licxounn
H3 mbic,nn, nTo flOJIOLUHH H ncnycKanne cseTa B aTOMe
nponcxousT OTAeablIblMil nopunsmn, KBaliTamn.
Bop npe.ano.no}Km, 3AeKTp0IIbI Ile MOUT BpaulaTbcs
BoKpyr 51,apa no Jno6oil, npo113BoabHoft op6nTe. xamc-
xioro anexTpotia B aTome cyw,ecTsyloT TOJIbK0 IleKOTOpbte,
BnanHe onpeirse,neHnue oponTbi, ?pa3pemeHHEe? 3aKOHaM11,
AsefiCTBylOW,HM14 B aTommom mnpe.
Llem Aa.nbuie OT E,apa Fiaxo,aliTcsi 3,neKTpoii, Tem 6onb-
1.- WHN1 aanacom aHeprial OH b6aaAaeT. AsHrascb no ?pa3pe-
uleHnoil? OpoliTe, 3JleKTp0H Hnnero He nanynaeT. OH oTuaeT.
CB010 3Heprmo TOJIbK0 npn nepexouax C 0A110fi Op6HTM Ha
upyryio ? c 6o.nee yAa.nemiofi Ha 6o,nee 6,nn3Kylo K supy.
3 13. A. Meacilli.Q1)
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
33
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
A TaK/Ie KTIPIDKKII>> 11 npolicxoAHT Kat< p23 HOCJIe no36yx.
AeHirsi aToma.
IcaNcRylo ?pa3pewenHylo? op6nTy moxmo onpeike.rnab, to
eCTb BbILIIIC.111Tb, Ha KaKom paccTonnun OT mpa namturreg
H mo>KeT Haxo,anTben TOT man Apyrofi aneKTpott. Hart!)Hmep,
exmcmennufl 3.11eKTp011 B 1reno36yKaemi0N1 aTome non.
poaa ABIINCeTCH no op6Hre, Ha KoTopa ero ,ammenne ogenb
ycTofitinno. 9To camas' 6.1111)1:animas! 113 qpa3pewennblx? op.
611T K 51,apy. B TaKom COCT051111111 aTom ire 113.nytmeT. On na-
X0MITCH B Heso36pimennom COCT0511111H, o6.nman onpem-
Jletiffb1M, 110pMaJ1b11b1A1 3anacom auepriln. FlpH mo6brx y/ta?
pax, HeAocTaToHno CI1J1b11b1X J1.1151 Toro, wro6b1 no36yHiab
aTom noaopo,aa, ero 3.neKTpou ocTaeTcH Ha cnoeil o1)611Te; c
aTomom mittero He nponcxmiT.
HO BOT aTom BoAopoila, CTOJIK11y811111Cb c Apyrum aTO-
MOM, C HOHOM 11J111 C 6b1CTp0 J1eTSILHIINI 3.neKTpoitom, Homo-
IHaeT Kum' 3Heprnn: 3nepremecKt1ii 3anac aToma yne.on-
tumaeTcH, H OH ripHxolun B no36y)Kaenuoe cocTomme. Dnep-
nut 9.newrpona yne.nwninaeTcs, in 3.neKTpou cosepwaer
?lipb1>K010> CO CBOeil nocTommoli op6HTbr na Apyryio op-
6nTy, 6o.nee mazennyto OT mpa. Ha Heft oft naxo.zurrcH,
Qum), J1HLUb mrnonenne. aneKTpott TT ?KC oT.rtaeT cnoil
113.1111111eK aueprint B BliJUe KnaHTa CBeTa H so3spautaerc51 B
awe Hopmaabnoe, Heno36pKikennoe COCT05111He.
B 3aBlICHMOCT11 OT xapaKTepa (ge roHopH.nocb, Ann ita6.ruotietutH mngpottacTnu,
3/genie npnmettgan nnatime cntinTapttcgon. nonwee yne-
time Haw.nH cnocoo ..tte.naTb BII,j4111b1MH 11 cam,' rtyrn 110JICTa
Tamc qacTmeg.
H3BeCTI10, B Ho3,nyxe, gag npatm.no, itaxo.mcn Haan-
nue napbt. Llem nmwe TemnepaTypa n031yxa, Tem 6o.nbwee
KOJIlltleCTBO napon BUN 011 cmo>geT coitepgaTb. C nonme-
'mem TemnepaTypm 1136b1ronnme Huntrue mum o6byttio ripe-
HpautatoTcH B me.nbttafiwne gane.nbgn BO,L(131, CTa1101351TC5I BH-
11,H1\1b1M11. 06.naga, Tyman, yrpennsin poca ? BCC 9T0 14 ecTb
gag
pa 3 ox.namownecH ii npespaTnnwnecH B me.nbtialiwHe
ganezbgn napbr Barth!.
3ameneHo, trro o6pa3onanne gananeg B014b1 113 napos npo-
notannT aertre mem Hogpyr rIbIJIHHOK, noErrn r3cer.na itaxo-
Ammo] B Homyxe. ECM! )1{e B0311YX ottenb LIHCT, TO C>K14-
)Kenne B0145111131X napos He nacrynaeT, jtae emu Temnepa-
Typa Boanyxa 11 C11./113110 nommen. annago CTOHT TO.11131W
3arp513IIIITb 1303,11)7X fIbIJIbIO, ,ablMOM, gag TyT }KC Hogpyr
ga>g,noll H131.111111101 naHneTcn o6pa3onanue gane.neg BO.abl.
Euje .nyHwe B0,11511ible napm gouencnpyloTcH, TO eCTb 0101-
)Karonn, na 3.newrpHttecgn 3apH>gennbtx tracTimax Beige-
CTBa. BOT 910-TO CBOtiCTBO B0J45111b1X napos n ncrranb3yeTcH
B gamepe B14,11bC011a ? npnoope, B KOTOPONI MOJKHO Hoontno
Ita6Juo,naTb ITOJIeT 6bICT00 JIeT51411,11X 3aptmennbtx HacTpmeg.
Ocnotutan Haub gamepbt Bmnbcona ? ne6o.nbwort 3agpm-
Tblfi L1HJIH11,11011tleCKHri COCY,a, Iwo goToporo npeacTaanneT
co6of1 gag 6m nopwenb nacoca (pile. 4) Cocya nanoznen
Homyxom, nacbtatentimm BO1J,4111b1N111 napamn. EcJIH Tenepb
?um nopweHb icamepbt BHJ1bC011a 6bicTpo onycTuTb, TO 1303-
Ayx, Haxo2UrnLrnics1 B riefl, pacnnipwrcn, ,namenne ero yna-
,n,e.r, a nmecTe C 3THM B gamepe 110111131zITCSI H TemnepaTypa
1303,flyxa. annago 3apn>gentibtx HacTnneg, Ha goTopbtx MONTH
obf o6pa3onbmanc5t garteabgn Baabl, B nomyxe gamepbt HT
11 OXIDlieH1111 napos 13 Heil ne Ha6,nto.aaeTcn.
HO BOT Mb! B gamepy Einobcona nanpatmem 6mcTpue
arimi)a-HacTuum. OHH Cia111U1BalOTCH npn cHoenit no.neTe c
mo.negy.namx ra3oH Boartyxa, naxoltnuterocz B gamepe. flpH
sTom ?nocTpaRaHume? manegyam TepsnoT anegTpoubt n cTa-
IIOB5ITC51 9,11eKTpl3tleCKH 3ap5i)gennumn ? noHamn ? H 13 sTom
COCTORHHH Hal1HfiaIOT nrpaTb pont, 3ap011buneti mngpocgorut-
ttecgmx gane.neg: Ha 3.newrpnliecicn 3ap5>gennbtx HacTnnax
40
- _
-
;
I ;
Boartyxa HatinnatoT o6pa3osbmaTbcH 113 nepeoviamlemtoro
napa gane.nbgn BO,ab1. B pe3y.nbTaTe na BCM Flynt no.neTa
ga>uoct Taxa HacmgH o6pa3yeTcH TymaHnbal
CineKRAHHCIII
nnacmuwa
-411=01/HUM
anbcoa-
tiacmug
Pim. 4. Baepxy ? ynpow.entian cxema KamepEd
311J1bC01-1a. Bum), ? alleuuniii BHA 3T0r0 npa,,
6opa.
Ba>gnoe 3naHettHe Hme.no npu.no>geHne H3BeCTHOTO CO-
neTcKoro 1411311Ka agaaemnga Ll. B. Cico6eJibubma?nome-
CTliTb gamepy Bn.abcolia meKny nomocamH martinTa. TO
1103B01111.110 He TOJIbICO 1311,aeTb C,J1e$,b1 OT,11,eabl1bIX mHgpottac-
mu, no Tame onpezte.nwrb cgopocTb H mat{ 3ap5wa Hamm.
Apyroll cnoco6 ita6moaen1151 H mytteting pa3,11HHHbtx 3a-
pi-mem-tux tIaCT1111, 6but npe,a.no>gen II ocyulecTmen COBeT-
CUM yttettum J1. B. MbICOBCKHM, a no3,nnee ycomputencrH0-
41
ro
_ Caniti7Pd CODV Approved for Release 2013/07/30 CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
To 0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
BH A. Fl. )Kaanonbtm. BbmTpme 3apoKeHr1bte tiacTitu,bt, no-
.no6Ho .nyttam nem, AeficTnyloT na (i)oTon,nacTHIIKy. ECM!
Tann itacnitta npo,neTIIT tiepe3 TOTICTbIff CBeTOtlyBCTBHTeJIb-
1Ibtfl CJ10f1 cneunaabHoii cf)oTon.nacTiniKH, ()Ha OCTaBlIT B nem
nposnmelmn macT,Hinm 3TOT cJiej 6y,tteT IlMeTb
BHA TOIIKOrl tiepHoil nymyrilpHoil JIIIIIHH. CJ1eAb1 qacni B
cneTotlyncTnnTe.nbuom c.noe H3ynatoTcn 3aTem noj mHKpocKo-
nom, H no xapaKTepy cae,nion ynenble CydltSIT 0 cKopocTH H
upyritx CBOfiCTBaX gamut. Fla6.1no,zteinte tracTHH Talcum cn0-
co6om HOCHT Ha3nanHe meTo,ga TOJICTOC.TIOfilibIX 11J1aCTIIHOK.
COBpeN1e1111131N1 CP1131111eCKHM npH6opom, 1103BWIS1JOLIIHM
3apmeli1bie NIIiKpatlaCT1111b1, 511311SleTCSI TaK}Ke cgeT-
tinK Feilrepa-Nlio.naepa. YCTpOlICTBO ero npocToe. 061314110 ?
WO He6o.nbwan meTa.runigecKan Tpy6otiKa, HO OCH KoTopoil
npoTnnyTa TolieHbKan npono.notiKa. flpono.notima H cTenKH
Tpy6onKH CHJIbI10 3apsoKaioTcn: npoi3o.noitKa ? no.nownTe.nb-
IIbIM 9,neKTpkplecTsom, Tpy6ollKa 0TpIl1IaTeT1b11b11. ,apy-
rtimll c.nonamH, cloAta nonaeTcn nbicoxoe 3,nexTpligecKoe Ha-
ripsmeluie.
Koma CKBO3b Taxyic Tpy6oliKy, ttepe3 ee CTeHICH, npo.ne-
TaeT aneKTpHtiecKH 3ap5?Kelluan mHKpotiacTitua, ona, KK 11
B xamepe BH,nbcona, CTaJIICHBaSICb Ha cnoem nyTH c aTomamH
ra3a, traxwmgerocH B Tpy6o4me, co3AaeT MI10)1{eCTBO HOI1013-
flp/1 3TOM nonomutTanbribre 11011bI yupem.nsnoTcs K cTeHKam
oTpintaTeabno 3ap5r)Keimoil Tpy6otnor, a BbI6IITHe 113 aTOMOB
alIeKTp01113I ? K 110JIONCHTeJlb110 3ap5DKeHnoil npono.notiKe. Ha
cnoem nyTH 01111 oyityr co3,nanaTb nosbie Ho111)1. B pe3yab-
TaTe B Tpy6otixe BOKIIIKaeT M1110BeIIIIbIfi 3,neKTp11ttecithrt ToK.
TaKHm o6pa3om, KaKrtan npaneTaioutan gepe3 npH6op
MIIKpOtIaCTHIIa Bb13bIBaeT B Hem KK 61)I ? I'M-
nyabc anewrpmecKord Tom. Emil Tamil Hmny.nbc yCHJIIITb,
TO MO)K110 C.1113IWaTb Kopomal atentiok.
aneKTpmecKnfi Tox TetleT tlepe3 Tpy6my mw 0/11I0
mrlionetnie? He6o.abwylo 'tam ceKyKam. Kouta TaK011 TO1C
npeKpautaeTcH nocze noccoeAHHeinin saeKTponon H H0110B,
npH6op cHona rOTOB K ,neficrnmo.
02tHaxo nce 3T11 cnoco6bi xopount ,Ran 3ap51>meHubix tIa-
HefiTp0111DI >Ice He 110H11311pyIOT ncTpetnible aTOMbI If MO-
J1eKyJIbI. BOA51110fi Hap ne 6yrter cryiu?aTbcn B TeX mecTax,
re sTa gamma npoxo,mna. Ha ckoTormacTitme TaroKe He
6y,,neT ee c.nnaa. KaK )Ke MONCHO Ha6./noAaTb aTy tracTinty?
B 3TOM czyttae Ham ocTaeTcH JII1Wb ynaminan
CTOJIKHOBef1He HetiTpollon c KaKtimH-11H6y,rtb itacTintamH, Ha-
42
nplimep c nApaNtH aTomon. 110B, mapamH HeiiTpoHon TaKHe
sulpa no.nytmoT 6btcTpoe itnn)Keinie H, KaK 3ap1)KeHHb1e
qacTriu,br, o6HapplutnaloT ce6n TymaHHEam cne,u,om. no sTomy
c.ne,ay NIO)K110 ycTaII0BUTb, KK ,III3H}KeTC1 HeiTp0H. 14MeHHO
Taidtm nyTeNt11 6131J111 o6Hapywe11b1 snepsble HaTp0HbI.
OTKpbITHe HeilTpona HMeJI0 6o.nbmoe 3llatieHne ,ron ytle-
HMI 0 cocTane aTomuoro pa. COBeTCKIIM ytiefIbIM
HBalIe111{0 B 1932 roay nnepnble 6bura suicKa3a11a
Imen 0 TOM, tITO nApa aTOMOB COCTOSIT
113 1-leilTp0I1OB 11 11pOTO,HOB. DTa II/ICSI,
nanytinntuan Ambnefituee pa3BHTHe
pa6oTax coneTcaux 11 3apy6embix 4m-
311K0B, Jle)ICHT B ocHone conpemeHHoro
ygeHHSI 0 cTpoeHun aTomHoro
Rasp? aToma remn, HanpHmep, coltep-
mufr 2 npoTona n 2 HercrpoHa (plc. 5).
TaKtim o6pa3o1, o6tHa1 macca aToma
remin 'panna Niacce 2 npoTonon
2 HeilTpollon, a 3ap51i ero impa ?
2 memempubim 3apn,ttam (gcTaTH ro-
Bops!, BTO Han6o.nee ycToiltnisan
uom611Haum1 113 11pOTOHOB H Hercrpo-
Hon). -litpo cDoccpopa, llmetotitee 311-
PS111, 15 H maccy 31, nocTpoetio 113
16 flecap011OB ii 15 11pOTOHOB 11 T. A.
HaTp011b1 H npoToHbi pacnonme-
libl B Sutpe ?gem) TecHo. KaIHM11)1Ce
clinamx CB513b1BaIOTCH B supe IleriTp0HbI H npoToHbi? Mo)KeT
ObITb, 3T0 3.noupittlecKne CHJ1bI? HO aneKTpHgecKHe CI1J1b1
AOJINCI1b1 Bb13bIBaTb orraoxiinaHHe rIpOTOHOB Apyr OT Apyra.
lipoitHocTb HApa o6yc.nonnexa Tem, 4T0 B HM Hapn,Ety c
aneKTpligecKitmit citnamu AeficTnypoT oco6ble, nnyTintnitepHble
cum:A npuTsr/KeHHn, npmpoila, xapaxTep IKOTOpbIX ewe Amex()
He B n0,apo6H0cTnx. DWI CHJIbI AefIcTsyloT Ha
otlemb ma.nbtx paccTonminx, cpanHumbix c pa3mepamll 0,11110i1
moossaueil B nApo qacTintbi.
SittepHbie CHJIbI B3aHM0,ELefiCTBIISI orpomabt. OHH H o6e-
cnetmnaioT IICKJII0411TeJIbliy10 IIp04HOCTb aTOMI1b1X Futep.
flpenpaw,eHHe a.nemeHTon
?Bom6ap,umponKa? aTOMHbIX sulep 1103BOAlijIa He TOJIbK0
BbISICHHTb FIX cTpoemie, y3Harb, 113 Item COCTOHT 9TH ?aTom-
Hue KpenocTit?, ?06cTpeannan? nApa palautmbimit ?cHapn-
()-OPOTOU
?-HEATPOH
0- 3AEKTPOH
-RAPO ATOMA
4 1.
010
ir
Pm. 5. Ynpow,elmaa
cxema aToma reona.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
43
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Ban A. 1-1. ,)K,aanonbim. BbICTPbIe 3apnweillibte TiacTHubt, no-
,ao6no aytram caeTa, ,ReficTnytoT Ha ()OTOHJIaCTHIIKY. ECJ1H
TaKan nacTnua npo.neTHT gepe3 TOJICTbIll CBeTOtlyBCTBIlTeJlb-
Ifbal CA/1011 cneuna.nbuoii cOoTon.nacTinnm, ona OCTaBlIT B HM
cae,a. FlOCJIe nposninenn mnacTinnui 3TOT cjieji, 6y,aeT IlMeTb
BHA TOI1KOil tiepnofi nynmpHoil JI11111111. Cjle,11,bI qacTim, B
CBeTOtlyBCTBHTeJ1b1ION1 croe n3ygaioTcH 3aTem no,u mimpocKo-
nom, n no xapaKTepy CJICJI,OB ygenbie Cy.I1SIT 0 CKOpOCTII H
4,pyriix CHOfiCTBaX qacTnu. Ha6mo,aeHHe liacTnu TaKnm cno-
co6om IIOCIIT Hama HHe MeTo.aa TO.TICTOCJI01111b1X 11.11aCTHHOK.
Conpemeunbim cinmntiecKum npH6opom, 1103B0J15110111.1NI
3apH}Kenubie mimpollacTnubt, HBJI51eTC5I Tame CLIeT-
411K reilrepa-Allomepa. YCTpOil.CTBO ero npocToe. 06b14no ?
310 He6o.nbinaH meTaArnmecKaH Tpy6oinca, HO OCH KoTopoil
npoTnnyTa TonenbKaH npono.notiKa. ilpono.notiKa II CTeIIKII
Tpy6otiKH cn.nbno 3ap51)KaioTc5l: npono.notnca ? TIOJIMIITeJ113-
11bINI 3.neKTpHlrecTeom, Tpy6otiKa ounuaTe.nbnum. ,apy-
111M14 CJI0BaMil, cio,aa noaaeTcH BbICOKOe 3.nexTptitiecKoe na-
npmeime.
Kor,aa CKBO3b TaKyto Tpy6otncy, ttepe3 ee cTenxn, npo.ne-
TaeT 3.neKTpmecKH 3apmellnan mimpotiacTnua, ona, KK H
B Kamepe BHJIbC011a, CTaJIKI1BaSICb Ha cnoem nyTH c aTomamll
ra3a, H aHw
axo,,erocH B Tpy6otiKe, co3A m
aeT muecTeo H0110B.
nimi nom HOJIWKIITeJ1blIbIe HOHb1 ymem.runoTcH K cTeuKam
oTpintaTe.nbuo 3apH:Kennoii Tpy6otnui, a BbI6HTbre 113 aTOMOB
9.11eKTp01-1b1? K HOJIONCHTe.11b110 3apoKeHnoil npoaanotnce. Ha
caoem nyTH onn oy,ayT CO3,LIaBaTb Hostile Honm. B pe3yob-
TaTe B Tpy6otiKe BO3Hli1aeT mrnonenHbal aneKTpmecKHrt TO1C.
Tann' o6pa3om, Kaman npo.neTatotuag tiepe3 npH6op
mllKpotiacTuua 13b13b1BaeT B nem Kai< 6bI C> ? IIM-
1137J1bC aneKTpHttecxoro ToKa. Bum TaKofi HMII31.11bC yCHJIHTb,
TO MONCHO CJ1b1UJTh KOpOTICHil Weal-101c
9J1eKTplitleCKH171 TOK TetieT tiepe3 Tpy6otncy JIHWb arm
mrHoaeHHe ? He6o.nmuyio /Imo cexyn,abt. Kora TaKori TOK
npexpautaeTcH noc.ne BOCC0e4.1411eHHH 3,nemTpoHon 11 140110B,
npH6op cHoHa TOTOB K ,aeficTimno.
0,affaxo BCC 9TH cnoco6bi xopount OH 3ap5rMCenumx qa-
CTIM. HerapOlIbI )Ke He 110H11311py10TncTpequble aTombi H MO-
aexyabi. Bounoti nap ne 6y,aeT crytuaTbcH B Tex mecTax,
rge3Ta tiacTHua npoxo,nnaa. Ha cpoTonzacTnnKe Tame He
6y,aeT ee c.ne,aa. KaK ?Ke momo Ha6JuoaaTb 3Ty tiacTnuy?
B 3Tom czyilae nam ocTaeTcH .1114111b 0,11110? yJIaBJIHBaTb
cTo.nrcioaeHHe HeilTp0HOB C LiacTintamil, Ha-
42
npHmep c aapaNtH aTomoe. nozt y,aapamm HeilTporme TaKile
SlApa noaytialoT 6b1cTpoe imetime H, KaK 3apmemmie
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy A proved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
/lam?, ynenble immix 1U1eii npnw.nit K 3amettaTe,nbnbna OT-
KpbITHHM.
Korita-To, B npow.nom, aJIXIIMIIICII 6e3ycnewno 6tonicb
nabt 3a2aneri npenpatnennn Olt1111X memenTon B Apyrne.
attitaKo mnoroaeKoable 11011bITKII OCyLLteCTBHTb TaKoe npenpa-
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npnmep aTOMbi pannn, pacnaAancb, npeapantwoTcn B aTOMbl
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BKTIIBHbIe anemenTbr: Topral, ypan 11 T. A. ECTeCTBeIIIIblri pac-
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44
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pacnaLtaloTcn c BbIJICTOM ire a,nbc1)a-tiacTitu, a anewrpoiloB.
B 3TOM caynae nponcxwurr caellytoutee: nuneTwountil 113
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menT nbi.neTa; no,npoonee o6 3TOM paccKa3bwaeTc5l Aa.nbute,
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Aooroved for Release 2013/07/30 CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
MeCTO). Bnepsbre c n3oTonamn XIINIHtleCKHX asnemenTos yge-
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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aTomilIDIX 6om6ap1Lnpano1( coe,ayeT TIHTbIBaTb npu ou,euKe
nopmaioutero 21,e1ICTBIISI aTOMIIIDIX 60M6. ECJIH obl B XHpo-
cHma 11 HaFaCalCH 6b1,1111 no,aroTon.nenHble y6egmula ,II,J151 Ha-
ce.nelmsi, Hme.nacb Obt xopowo opraHmonaHHag FlpOTHBOB03-
A.Y11111aSI o6opona H npoTHHonmapHag oxpaHa, TO Komute-
CTBO }KepTH H macwTa6bi pa3pywernift 6bIJIH 6b1 311a1111TeJlb110
Mellb1.1.111M11.
flpll H3pbale aTomuoil 6om6b1 Ha,a nonort yaapHag BOJIIIa
pacnpocTpaugeTcg r.nantibim o6pa3om B Ho3,ayxe. FlpH 3TOM,
KK 110Ka3a.TIII HCUbIT iirri amepakaintamit aTomHbix 6om6
(C TpOTHAOBbIM 3KBHBaJ1efITOM 20 TbICSIII TO1III) B aTan.ne
511KH1111 B THXOM oKeaue B 1946 ro,ay, y,aapnag nanna npit
33pb1Be Ha,u. Ho,aoil mo)KeT nopmaTb 130e1111 ble Kopa6Jui pa3-
z1igubtx K.naccon. npumeptto Ha TaKHX paccTogumx: Kopa6.nH,
Haxo,agtumecg Ha y,aa.netuu4 ,ao 700-800 meTpon. OT snit-
uetapa B3pbIBa, MOryT 110J1y1111Tb Tyme.nbie nospe}K,aetmg; Ha
paccTomum 900-1400 MeTp0B Kopa6Jui moryT HmeTb
cpeu-
illiC noHpemmetmg, .nerKHe noHpe}KitenHg moryT no.nygHTb
Kopa6A1, Haxo,agw,Hecg Ha paccTommu no 1800 meTpoH OT
mecTa n3pbma. HaAcTpoilKH Kopa6Reil MOFyT 6bITb pa3py-
Hienbt HJIH no.nygaT CHJIbHbre nospeKaeHttg Ha paCCT051I-11411
,tto 1150 meTpoH OT MecTa B3pbIBa. flonpeKaeHtut no2tBoil-
Hort gacTH Kopa6.nect npH Ho3,aywHom H3pbme 6y,ayT 3Hatm-
Te.nblio meHbintimil, gem HaABOA,H011.
ATO JI 14113111e1IIIblfl
cpopmbl.
KopaartoBbirt ?mos Kanbuseo6pa3liOil
89
'41
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30 ? CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050007-R
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Ha 11C11b1TaHII5IX B BIIKHHH TaIIKH H isoKeAbte arnia.ne-
pinIcKne ycTaHoBKH, HaxoAtuunHecn na na.ny6e Kopa6.nn Ha
paccTonium 5o,nee 500 memos OT mecTa B3pbIBa, He no.ny-
tiltIlli cyutecTnennbix nospem(nennii (ripH 130343711111041 33pme
aTommoil 6om5b1). Apyrne 1311J1b1 Hoopy}Keumn H 60e13oti TeX-
IIHK11 1104y1111J1H npH B034,y1LIH0M B3pbIBe nonpe}mennn OT
B03,11eliCTB1111 mapHoti BOJII1bI 11 cueTottoro 113J13711eH1151 Ila
60J1b11111X paccTonnunx OT MCT a 133pb1Ba. B03,/lefiCTB1110
mapHoli B0J111b1 no,nuepra.nocb na.nyonoe o6opygoBallHe KO-
pa6A5r, oco6eHno 37513BHMNIVIN 11B45110TC51 Y,napHan
Ho.nHa ne nplltuninaa cepbe3Hbix noupexciLenHti mauntham, HO
pa3pyineHHH ckyiLnamenTou wiapHoil no.nHoil none.no K 11Pe-
kpameamo nix paooTbi. CncTema nHTantut KOTOOB, naponpo-
BOA H Kmprumnan o6Junto3Ka KOTJla TaK)Ke y513B11MbI 110 OT-
Iroweliato K yitapHoil swum. CHoeupemenHo 3a,npanBan
.1noxH, 3aKpbuia51 114.7110M1111aTOpb1, MO11{110 yMelIbILIIITb 110-
apeKaellan BnyTpeunHx nomemenHil. ECTeCTBeHHO, 11TO cTe-
neHb nopa}Kellun 3aBHCHT BO mnorom II OT macca
Kopa5.nn.
lip11 no,Ltuoiniom aTomHom B3pbIBe o5pa3yeTcH y,ikapHan
BOJ1Ha B Buse H 11aCT1111110 13 H031yxe. Y,napHan BOJIlia B
Hue cnocooua HanecTH nospe}K,EteHHe no,amtHum tiacTsim
Kopa6..nefi, Haxo,nnumxcH Ila 311aIIHTe4b110M paCCTOHHHII OT
nem-pa B3pb1Ba. 011a SIBJ1HeTC51 OCHOBIIbIM nopa}Kalowilm
clmKTopom ripm 1104.B0AHOM aTOMHOM H3pbme.
LieticT3He Ha Kopa6ab mapHoii Hommt ripH noituo,allom
H3pbme BO MHOCOM 3aBlICHT OT ray6Hub1, Ha moTopoti npo-
HCXQUIT B3pbIB; umeeT 'mime maneInge no.noNcemie cy.mia
OTH0CHTeJIb110 nanpaBJIZIIIIH ,L113H)Ke111451 yaapHort BOJIHbI,
CTOHT OHO 11J111,11BIDKeTCH, TIM Kopa5an H T. ,L(a[mble HHo-
cTpanHoff nenaTH 0 pe3y.nbTaTax B034,e1iCTB1111 onbmioro nozi-
BodnHoro B3pbIBa aTomHoil 6omobr (C TpOTHJI0B131M 3KBHBa-
J1eHTOM 20 TbICH11 TQH11) Ha Kopa6an HoeHHo-mopcKoro
(1).710Ta 110Ka3bIBaIOT, 11TO B 3ofie paAnycom 300-500 meTpos
Kopaomi Hcex macco3 moryT nanynnTb TH)Ke.nble noupexc,ae-
HH5I; B 30He putHycom ,rio 800 meTpos Kopa6.nn moryT 110-
JITIHTb CHJ11311bIe nospeHmermn; B 30He paz.Hycom 6o.nee
800 meTpoH Kopa6RH moryT110J1y1IHTb paanHnuble nospeKKe-
HHH. 1104,B011HbIe J10,111{11 moryT 11011y1111Tb TH)KeZbIe noupe-
AMBHHil B 3oHe pa,aHycom ,Ko 800 meTpoH.
CHJIbHbre nospeKitenHa npn 11021B0,11110M
B3pbIBe no.nynaT n0,n302Uibte macTH Kopnycos Kopa6.neil.
K0TJIb1 H cy,gormie mawuribi moryT HMeTb nospexuteHHH;
90
CHJIbIlbIe - ?ao 700 meTpos OT usuiTpa B3pbIBa, cpeRune -
AO 800-850 MeTp013, zerKHe - go 1000 MeTp0B.
TaKum o6pa3om, ,Ratnibre noimo.Lutoro 33pbma II0Ka3bI-
1ITO xapaKTep H cTenenb nonpexcAeutui Kopa6.nert npn
Apyrnx 04.11HaKOBbIX yCJI0B1111X 3aBHCHT OT Tuna K0pa6.n1 H
ero no.no?Kemin OTHOCHTe4b110 mecTa B3pbIBa. OCHOBH0e OT-
Alpine B 4,efiCTBITH lla Kopa6.nb no,a3o,K1!oro u3pbma aTomnoci
6om5b1 OT 13034,y1111101'0 COCTOHT B TOM, 11TO B czynae HUHU.
-
ROM n3pb13a ue nanynaT CHJIblIbIX nospeHmennil HaficTpocum
Kopa6.neil, no noupe}K,neulln 110/.1B04,110ii LiacTn Kopa5.neil oKa-
3bIBBMTC1 60Jlee ClijIblIbIMH, Item ripH Ho3,Kywnom B3pbIBe.
Pa3pyweinin moryT Tame 11p0113B04,11Tb 604b1111ie BOJIHbI
no3unKaloutHe npu110,11B011110M aTOMHOM H3pbme.TaKHe
B0.1111131 MOryT pa3pyumTb 6eperoBble 11 ru,KpoTexuHnecKne
coopy?Keiffin, noTonwrb HJIH BbI6pOCHTb Ha 6eper ne6o.nbtune
cyita. Flpn ucnbrrainut aTOMIlbIX 60M6 B aTozne BliK1111H
nepsan Ho.nua, HowniKwan tiepe3 9 ceKyHA noc.ne B3pbIBa,
nolumna Kopmy asHaHocua 'la 14 meTpoH, a HTopag, KK
npeAno,naratoT, pa3pywn.na Kopa6e.nbllbte naAcTpormn.
flpn B03437WHOM aTomuom B3pbIBe uao.moitaeTcH nau5o.nb-
man n.noma,Kb pa3pyweHHil nocTpoeK H nopmeHnn 1-Ie3anui-
1=11111,1x 3aTo npn Ha3emHom H3pb113e nponcxoanT So-
nee cll.abHoe pa3pyinenHe npolubtx coopy)Keinul 1353111311 OT
Mec-ra H3pbma. B CHJ1Y TOM 11TO npn Ha3emnom eapbme
mapnan Bonita pacnpocTpanneTcH To.nbKo B no.nyuDepe (Ha
ne6o.nbuioil n.nouta,an), u36brrollHoe Aa3.neuHe 130 ckponTe
y,Kapnori. B01111131 oKa3bmaeTcH, KaK npaHn.no, 56.nbunim, item
npu Bo3layinnom H3pbme.
11pH no,n,3emHOM B3pbIBe c03,KaeTcn mapnan B0J111a B
rpynTe, KoTopan cnoco6na BbI3BaTb pa3pywenki5l nospe-
KaeHnn KaK no,K3emHbtx, TaK H lIa3eM1IbIX coopy?KeHHII Ha
PaCCT051H1111 4.0 HeCKOJIbK1IX COTeH MeTPOB OT mecTa B3pbIBa.
11p11 aTOMHOM B3pbIBe Ha 604bWOR r.nyanie OT nosepxHocTH
3eMJIH, npn nponnx paBHbIX ycaoHunx, paspytuHTe.nbHoe
.n.ericT3He yaapHal BOJIHbI B rpyirre 5meT 11pOSIBJI1TbC1 Ha
66.nbunix paccTosumsx. Flo,n3emnbiff aTOMHbIff B3pb1B mo}{eT
CO3,11aBaTb TaK}Ke wtapHyto BOJIHy B Hon.yxe. Pa3pyinwre.nb-
Doe AdicTnue papHoil BOJIHbI, CO3RaHHOci B B03,ayxe, 6y,KeT
3Ha1113TeAbH0 113MeH13TbC1 B 3aBlICHMOCTH OT r.nyanibi, Ha KO-
npoHne,neH aTOMIIbIll B3pbIB. C yuennttenHem rayanibt
pa3pyinwre.nbnoe iketicTuue B03,nyiunoil y,a,apHoil BOJIHbI MO-
)KT ymeHbruuTben HacTo.nbKo, 11TO 011a He oy,aer o6,na,n,aTb
CKOJIbKO-H146y21b 311a1113TeJ1bHbINI 3c1Kpewrom?
? 91
1111
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Fle06X0AIIMO Talon IINIeTb B away, tITO noLoeNtublii aToNt-
Hbal B3pbIB mmeT BbI3BaTb 3aTormetme 110A3eMHbIX coopy-
?Kauai, eum rpynTonbie BOA131 IlaX0ASITCSI ner,ny6oxo OT 110-
2epx1rocni 3eM.1111. Taxon() 2teficTalle y,rtapHoil nannbt.
rIpH aTONIII0A1 a3pbwe B Bontyxe oxo.no oxtoil TpeTH o6-
iiefi 3neprmi n3pbtaa BbI1teJ151eTCH 13 Mille caeToaoro
maygerritH. 5anbuie Ha/10131Mb( CBeTOBOil 3neprmt 113J1y-
qaercir 13 Tegeime nepsoil cexywtbt noc.ne mpbtna, a 3(14ex-
THB110C cneToaoc H3.nyttenHe npuomaeTcH B Tegemie He-
CI(0.11b1(11X cexpu. CneTorme H3.nygeHHe orHeunoro wapa Hc-
. nyckaeTcH IIMITyJIbCaN111. Hepabai liMIlyJIbC AJIHTCSI
necxanbxo 6o.nee Qua COTOil Awn! cexyn,abi H COAeNKIIT
6011b1110e KOJIIItleCTBO yabTpacimarieTonbix BTopaST
gacTb CI3eTOBOCO Hanygemat, Hcnycimeman B Tegentre flp11-
MepHO 3 cexpra II COCTaBJ1511ouLan 6anbwyro gacTb
TerIJIoBoui
Direpritn, Hbuteastemorr npu aTONIIIONI mpbme, COCTOHT man-
IIbINI oopa3om 113 BlIAIINIbIX H mul)paxpacnbtx ,nygeti. BTopast
gacTb caeToaoro nlnygentat Bbl3bIBaeT MOTH xomoro ITO-
Kposa, a Tame nompbr, Heiman e gacTb oxammaeT Taxoe
Ad:m.11311e TOJIbK0 B pailone 3nHu,enTpa a3pbraa; BTO 06151C-
lilleTC5r Tem, 4T0 yabTparptianeToBbie Arai CHJIbH0 1101'.n0wa-
10TC51 a03zyxam.
fJjm no,Rao.twom H n0i1.3emHom a3pbmax caeToBoe
geHHe xax nopmwoutHil cpaxTop He HmeeT npaxTiptecxoro
3Hage1jtat. Ham na3emlIONI aTOMHOM a3pbme .gericTaHe CBe-
TOBOTO Hlaygemist Ha paccTornamx 6y?r.teT
MellbWHNI, Item Him BO3AyLLIII0M, Tax kw( OKOJIO ITOJIOBI111b1
3Heprim CBeTOBOTO 143JlytleF11351 Ilpll na3em1rom 133pbIBe pac-
xol_tyeTcH Ha pacrulannemie rpyHTa B6J111314 mecTa a3pbtaa.
Dueprtm caeToaoro 143.nygeHHH aTomnoro 1331)bIBa norao-
waeTcH noaepxnocTsimit ocaewaembix TeJI, xoTopbte npH
DTOM HarpeamoTcH. CTenerrb Harpeaa 3aBIICHT OT xonngecTaa
caeTosoil 3HeprHH, npHxQnHuteilcH Ha eummuy rhnoutaAH 3a
apemH ocaew,emtH, CBOACTB maTepHa.na H pa3mepoa (Tan-
twnibt) Te.n.
flopmaiowee ?RecrcTaHe caeToaoro 113.11y4e11112
B3pbIBa ymentuaeTcH c yaem uteNt plef paccTomm
aTOMFICWO
AO mecTa
a3pbma ac,neAcTaHe pacnipe,rtaneHHH Dnepr:Hu Ha 66.nbwym
noaepxHocTb, nor.noweHHH H paccettaaHHH caeTa.
CaeTotioe H3aygeHme aTOM1101'0 a3pbtaa, KK H ccumegHbai
caeT, pacnpocTpaHHeTcH HpHMOJIHHeRHO II He npomtmeT 'ie-
pe 3 Henpo3pagnme maTepHazbi. IlosTomy Jno6aH nperpaaa
(CTeHa, II0Kpb1THe (1)OpTIAH4Kall,HOHHOTO COOpy)KefIliff,
92 ?
'tfz
6pe3eHT, rycToil KoTopaH 3autuukaeT oT npomoro Aeri-
CTB1151 caeTa, HmuottaeT omwrH. 06bignoe o6NtyHit1poaaHHe,
B aaaucHmocTit OT paccTowtHH OT mecTa B3pbI3a, 3Hami1-
re.nbito qmeHbutaeT urn no,nHocTbio npe,ttoxpaitHeT OT Heno-
cpacTaemtoro BO3AelICTB1111 CBeTOBOTO HanygeHHH Ha xwxy.
nto6oe yxpbtme, 3atuHatw0atee OT ygsapnoil BOJIlibl, 3awsn-
u.taeT II OT CBeTOBOTO H3,nygewa1.
HecmoTpH Ha xpamoapememlocTb AerICTBIIH, caeToBoe
H3.nygemte aTomnoro a3pbma IlaCTOJIbK0 cimbnoe, gTo CHO-
CO6II0 Bbl3b1BaTb y naxoxtutHxcH aHe yxpuTnii,
mom OTKpbITbIX ygacTicoa Te.na (Junta, weri, pyx), o6pa-
utenubtx B cTopouy aapbtaa, H spemenHoe oc.nen.nemie, ec.rm
cmoTpeTb B cTopolly topbtaa. 1-lOtlb10 AeficTsite caeToBoro
H3.nytiemig Ha r,na3a 3HatIHTe.1113110 cihnbuee, gem Allem.
OIKOTH, BbI3b1BaeMble CBeTOBbIM HInygelutem aTomuoro
B3pbIBa, Ile OTJIIItlaIOTCH OT 06131111113IX moroa orHemJUl11 KU-
II5ITK0M. PamtptaloT morn nepnoil, aTopoil H TpeTbeil cTe-
newt. IlpH morax nepaoti ceneiu ria xo}xe Ha6,7no,ttaeTcH
noxpacHeHHe, npllnyx.nocTb. flpii oworax aropoil cTeneHH Ha
noxpacueaweil xom BO3IIIIKalOT ny3bipH. TpeTbst cTeneHb
mora xapaxTepH3yeTcH o6pa3oaamlem I3B. CTeneHb owora
3aBlICHT OT apememi Bo3,1telicTaH51 CBeTOBOTO H3JlytleHH51 H
paCCT051111151 AO mecTa a3pbma. Jlio.iui, HaxoxtutHecH Ha OT-
icpbrroil MeCTIIOCTII, MoryT 6bITb nopmellbt CBeTOBbIM 113.11y-
tleHlIeN1 Ha Taxom paccToHHHH OT Meura B3pbIBa, Ila xoTopom
ye ne iteficTayeT npormxwow,asi pa,twau,HH H yLiapnag
Barma.
THwecTb nopmemm opranH3ma CBeTOBbIM Hinygetmem
3aBHCIIT He TOJIbK0 OT cTenenn mora, 110 Il OT pa3mepon,
o6oNacennux ygacTxoa Tula. Ha cTeneHb nopaxtemai axpbi-
TbIX ygacTima TeAa OKa3b1BalOT 113BeCTII0e BJIIIFIrme
LLBCT
of_temusbt, ee Tanuuma, a Taxxce HJIOTHOCTb npmeranun
K Tey. J110AII, odneTble B cao60,nap0 ?Amity CBeTJIbIXT011013,
no.nygaT meubwHe morn 3aKpb1TbIX ygacTxoa TeJla, gem
,rno,rw, ofigTbie B MOTH? npmeratoutylo camty TemHoro
uaeTa. HaA0 HONIIIHTb, tITO ripH morax KOHCH IleJlb351 cpbi-
BaTb nplicTaawylo K iiefl 0AelKAy. 1-1013513Ky B 3TONI caygae
Hama,abtawoT nor3epx ofigmbt. Henb3H Tame 06MblBaTb
o6oNoxemlyio xoncy H paubt B0A0r1 II Apyrumm WHAK0CT5111111.
TIOA BO3AefICT1311eM cneToaoro nanygeHHH aTomHoro B3pbl-
Ba noaepxHocTll painiumbix npe,RmeToa moryT o6yranaaTbcH,
011J1aBJI51TbC51 JUl11 BOCIViaMeII51TbC51. B03M0N{HO Bocn,namene-
Hue Hembrioro .nermao3ropaem0ro noetworo nmyw,ecTaa,
93
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
1
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
aropanne o6witHidt clutennti, 6pe3e1zTon ii ileum
Ha 6onoit Texime. BO3M03K110 Tak>ke o6yranHanne oTkpbt-
TbIX ,rtepeasinnux tiacreii Boopy)Ketnist,TeXIHIKH, cooppketrufl.
Ha 6.11113KHX paccTonnusix OT uenTpa H3pbwa MOOT OTIJIaB-
JIHTbCST MeTaJIJI.
CHeToHoe nmytteHne moweT Bb13bfBaTb no)kapbt B .necy,
cTerni H Hace.netzubtx nytixTax, HocnzameHHH amexatint, co-
aomy, cyxyto TpaHy.
B 5ITIOHH11 113 ?Outer? kauHErecTaa nornownx npn aTom-
libIX B3pbIBaX npnmeptto 20-30 rrpoueirroB ymeprin OT CHJIb-
HbIX wkoroB.
flowapbt, nx pacripocrpattenne 3aBlICHT OT mnorux
mewl-nix nputunt (Haanque roptotutx AlaTepna,Tiou B pactone
r.3pbuta, noroua 11 T. it.). Mitoro nowapou mo>keT 6biTb Bb1-
3BaHo Taktimm npittlintamn, kak pa3pywenne ra3onpoHouoa,
netreti, 3ambrkamie auekTpHttecxnx ripoHouos n up. ATOMnble
B3pbIBI31 B SlimHim Hocrutamensum 6ymary, ,upona H upyrne
npe,ument Ha paccTomunt At) 1800 AreTpoB.
flopawatowee Aerie-rune crterouoro H3.nyttenwt B 31Iat1Jt-
Te.11bHOTI cTenenn 3aBITCHT H OT COCTOsifikin aTmoupepbt. Bo
Bpemst Tymatia, AOKI(51, cHeronaua Aericrane caeroHoro 143.11y-
tfeEIHR 6yueT 0T110CHTeJibil0 menbwe.
ATOMlibifi B3p1a1B conpoHoKuaeTcu lier311Al1mbim H iteowy-
tuaelvium 113.nytie1iHeM npotitiKaimneri pamfaullefi flpo-
tinkatowau paAnaullsi npeucTaHrtneT co6ofi noTok ramma-
nytieti H nefiTponoH, ncnyckaemmx B momewr aTomnoro
H3pbrEta. OcHOBlibim TICTormintom ramma-zytteti npn aTomnom
113p131Be 5113JI5110TCR pa,allOaKTIIBlible ?oCKOJIKH? uezeullti uuep
aTomo3 ypana, itaxouunwecrt B 30tte a3pbma H paulloak-
71113110m o6zake. ,r1ectcTane ramma,nyitert 6brcTpo ymeHb-
waeTcH co apemenem. 06111,a5I TIp0,ELOJDEFITezbilocTb Aeficrwitt
ramma-rtytteti He npennuaeT 10-15 cetcyHu. Hcrotninkom
HeriTp0HOB npn aTomflOM )33pbrBe 5Iansl1OTC51 iiseJrHatHecH
Hitpa. HeriTp0Hub1ff noTOK npH B3plaiBe ueficmyeT B Tettenne
uoaefl ceKyttubt.
l'amma,nytat H ItehTpoubr cnoco6Hbt npotinKaTb ttepe3
3llatiHTeribIlbre ToJiLith maTepnazoa, nouo6tto peHTreHoHcKnm
ayttam, KoTopmmx npocHetuntatoT npn MeAHHHHCKOM o6cze-
,U0Batinn. 170TOK 3THX pe1rrreno3clu11x ayEteil 6e36o.ne3neHno
npoxouprr CKBO3b Tufo, uaBasi BO3MowlioCTb Hpatty BiloReTb
P.3o6pa)ke1tne Hityrpenunx oprawn3 H cKezeTa. 11.noxnx no-
OT Takoro o6nytzeHH5 He 6mHaer. Ho penTreHoH-
exile .nytni moryT flpHqHrIIjT6aubwort Hpeu, ec.un opraHH3m
94
fi6,1.1,3eprHyTb AJIIITeJ1b110My IIJIH Kpanampementtomy, HO Molii-
noNly o6.nyttennto. Bpeuttoe ueficTime npoutwatomeil puma-
1.1,1111, Ka K H penTrenoacmix .nyttefi, cOCTOHT B TOM, LIT? npn
6o.nbwoct uo3e otta napywaeT Hopma.nbityto m3Heue1Te.nb-
110CTb KJIeTOK II MO/KeT BbI3b1BaTb 3a6aneHatute, KoTopoe Ha-
3bmaeTc5l .nyttenoil 6ane3Hbto. Ilytteaau 60J1e31113 pammeTcrt
nocTeneHno. TetteitHe 6o,ne3I{H, 3w3HcHwee OT HH11,14BH,Ilya.11b-
HbIX oco6elmocTeil opraumma, He y ucex outmaKoHo. CTe-
nem) 3a6o.neBatu151 .nytteHon 6o.ne3nbto onpeuemeTcH B 0C-
HOBHOM no.nytteHHort opratummom uo3oil paunaunH, M3Mepfle-
MOi pet-met-taxi.
KaK ramma,nytm, TaK H TIOTOK HeilTpoHos Bbi3biBaIOT
Holumaunto Bew,ecTH, C KOTOpbIMH OHM B3aHMOACIACTByI0T, B
tiaCTHOCTI4 HOH11311py1OT B03,11yX.
,D,o3a paunatunt a 100 ?200
pelmet-ma Bbi3b1Baels y ne3a-
minuet-1110r? tte.noaeKa .nerKoe 3a6o.neaaHne. flpH uo3e
paullawill cHbnue 200 peurreHos .nytteBau 6o.ne3nb npoTe-
kaeT TH)Ke.nee.
OCHOBIlbie npH3Hant 3TOri 60J1e3HH o6wee Heuo-
moraHne, oTcyTunne anneTHTa, >ke.nyuoluto-xmwettitbie pac-
mama, nonnuettHan TemnepaTypa, ymetnoweHne tutc.na
6e.mix Kp0B5111131X wapnkoa, KpOBOTOIIIIBOCTb KWKII H CJIH3H-
CTbIX o6o.notteK, Bunauettne BOJIOC. Cou.pemeHtible cnoco6m
.nettetinst .nyttenoil 6o.ne3tin moryT o6ecnetufrb Bbi31I,OpOBJ1e-
Hite ua}Ke npn Tme.noil (Popme 6o.ne311H.
no mepe panel-mu OT mem B3pb1Ba ,u,o3a npoiniKatowert
paunaunn ymenbwaeTcu. HeKoTopbte pactient noKa3bmatoT,
Tr? npu B3pbiBe aTomuoil 6om6m C TpOTHJIOBbim 3KB11BaJlefl-
TOM 20 TbiC5111 TOHH onacHau uo3a raNtma-H3.nytteH1'iH u.nn
op-
ratunma He3aumutel1IIoro tte.noBeka 6yueT pacnpocrpaHRTI3CH
Ha paccTofinne uo 1400-2000 meTpos OT snnueHTpa aTom-
Horo B3p131Ba, a nopa)Kettue Heirrpoitamn ? B 3oHe paunycom
Ao 800 meTpoH OT smuteirrpa.
FlpH npoxo)Kuetum ttepe3 ato6yto cpeuy, B TOM tIHCJie H
B03,ayX, IleilTpOlibi H ramma,nyttn OCJIa6JIRIOTC51. flpH npo-
xo>kuelutH gepe3 pa3Juttunde Beutema HOTOK ramma,nytteil
oc.na6.tmeTcH Tem 6o.nbuie, Item n.noTHee Hetueurso. Hanpm-
mep, B Ho3uyxe ramma,nytut pacnpocrpatunoTcu Ha mnorme
PeuTre II 0 .Nt Ita3b1BaCTCSI Taxan Aoaa map-lemur, xoTopan
coarmeT B 0,13,110M oy6litiecaom currnmeTpe Boaayxa npn
HopMaJlbnoM
aTmodpepitom Armadillo ii TemnepaType 0 rprmycon npomepoo 2 Istlia-
mtama nap li0H013 (liecyautx ormy ariewrpocTaTotiecaylo MMUS aa-
PHAa 4:Moor? anima).
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
COT/III merpon, a B mmHg ? nem Ha HeCKOJIbK0 Cati-
TIEMeTp0B. Cad! rpyHTa TOJILWIII0c1 14 cawntmeTpos, czoil
AepeHa TO.IIHWHOil 25 cammeTpoH, C.TIOri CHera To.nutHnoii
50 cawnimeTpon, 6poini TOJIWIIHOil 2,8 caHTHmeTpa, ciofi
6eiotta To.nuinHort 10 canTumeTpos cumaroT noTow ramma-
nyttert B 2 pa3a (pm. 24).
flpit npoxo}witteHHH trepe3 paminnible nentecTna Hefrrpou-
Hblil noTow Taw ?He, HaH H noToH ramma-,nyHeil, oc.na6.HHeTcn.
e 2 moo
s4pa3al
4
1 8 653
CA0811 rpyirra
14cm =03:1
25 cm
1011t1410.0A
75
60cm
CA0010 4epesa
i25 ca
,OALLW1406
CAOWA CHeri
TOALUNMOCO
'100cmtp.
,
6Dopea Tomummo4 ..0441,2.8c,,,mm mimmill45,6cm
i
0110011 6oroma r,-,4-0,0c. i 20.
=?.
mmu....A ..,...;.......1.:?.!N?1
i
6 16
434
str,
1.111111110,t cmill1M1
30cm
11,2cma.11
40cm
Pim. 24. Ilpommaioman paztamin (ramma-nytm ii i(ectuomA) ocna6-
n51ercn pa3J111,111bINIII 'MaTeplIaJlamn.
ROTOK Han6o.nee CEIJIbH0 ocsna6.7noT neulecina
(Bovita, napapnu ii Ap.), B COCTaB KOTOpbIX BX01SIT .nerithe
a.nemeHTbr, nanimmep Hoitopu, yrnepo,tt El Apyrne. Xopotuo
OCJIa6JI5HOT TIOTOK HaTpottor3 anaNcHble rpyirrbt, Repeso, 6e-
TOH, accl)a.nbT, Hotta.
110,11, AeficTamem HefrrpoHoe, nepaLtHoaxvirifibte HentecTsa
rpyHTa (oco6eHHo 60JIOTIICTOtO, necHanoro, canoHHaHoHoro,
rJIHhIncTor'o) ii HeHoTophte MeTaJI.J113I npenpautaioTcH B pump-
awTHHHEe. Tamte pa,u,HoaHTHBume Heatecrna Hepe3 Ire-
CKOJIbK0 Hacon npawnittecHn npen.pantaioTcH B Heputto-
aKTHBEIbIe.
flpH EI0,EI,BOXION1 H 11013,3eMIIONI B3pbIBaX ,iteficTHHe nponH-
walomeil paaHaittm 6yAer He3HatmTeobHbim. DTO 061,SICHHeTC5I
Tem, HTo npH 110ABOAHOM H II0A3eMHOM H3pbmax noHTH BeCb
BOTOK ramma,nytiert H HeriTp0HOB nomoutaeTcH Cpe,a0rI, B KO-
Topa npoucxo,anr B3pbIB (B0,a011, rpyirrom),
96
)103b1 pAAHAtttal, RoT0p110 MOIKeT tIOnytaiTb tIeJTOBeK BO
Hpemn aTomnoro n3puna, 3aBliCSIT B OCHOBHOM OT paccTon-
hUH MecTa H3pbma, a Tanwe OT cTenemt 3aL11,11TbI. C yHe-
.JuntenHem paccToHHHH ,13,03bI paRitauint (ramma-nyHeil H
iiefi-
TpoiioB) naamoT ottenb pe3wo. J1I011,11, HaXOXIIWieCH B MO-
MelIT B3pbTBa B paumnbtx, mbiTnsix, no.nyHaT MeIlbLUlle
4,03bI putnaunn, gem mum, Haxoanwnecn Ha TOM )Ke pac-
CT02111111 Bile yHpbiTHil. Taw, wpyTocTH TpaHweii, nowpbnstm 11
CTelIbI paminntbix (1)opT4uHau,Homtbix coopy>weHHil, 6polut
TanwoH, wopnyc wopa6.nH, 6p01151 apina.nepHilciutx 6auteti,
60eBbIX py6ow H W,HTOB pe3wo OCJIa6JISHOT ,IIsecICTBIle npotui-
waioutert pa,rulawm. Ylcpb1TI1r, 3autHataioutHe OT y,Raptiort
BOREIbI, 3aw,1inaloT II OT nponuHaioutell pafillaumn.
6oenylo Texaincy npoullwawnitan paxtatutH He ?want-
BaeT HpeAnoro 1-E0 cTema. 011TlitleCKHX npH6o-
pos ? 6Hnomeft, JiaabHomepos, naHopam, npHug.nos ?
AeiicT3Hem 6mblunx paLtHattnH (TbICSItIH ii AeCSITKH TbI-
cnti peuTreHoH) TemnetoT. (DoTonzenica H tpoTo6ymara ?ame
npu ma.abix Ao3ax (2-3 peHTreHa) 3acHeinmaioTcn, T. e.
Home nponezeHHH oma3bmaturc5l tiepin:Amt.
B 3atunotteithe paccmoTpHm, HTo Tame paltHoamTHHHoe
3apaNceime MeCTHOCTII II H03,0,yxa npn aTOMIIONI. H3pbme.
Bo3,ityx El MeCTIIOCTb B pailoHe aTomHoro B3pbIBa ii 1-10 nyTH
,tunnweinut o6,flawa, o6pa3oHaHweroc5l 11p11 B3pbIBe, a Tame
pacno.noweimbie Hue ympuTHii Ha 3Toci MeCTIIOCTII Hoopy?He-
Hite, TexHnwa, MOAN II -1KHBOTEIbIe moryT no,an.eprnyTbeH
pmeHmo paintoawnumbrmH HemecTe.aMH.
3111 pa,tutoaHnumble neutecma COCTOSIT 113 npo/tywTos ae-
:mints H,Rep aTONIOB ypatia (n.nyToHnn), FICKyCCTBeHHbIX
pa,n,HoawTHHHbtx neutecT3, o6pa3osamunxcH B MOMeHT
B3pbIBa H3 HeputHoawTH3Hbtx HentecT3, BX011,AW,1X B COCTaB
060JI0tIKII 60M6bI, 110t1Bbi ii Apyrmx maTepHa.non, a Tame 113
HacTH aTomHoro 3apH,aa, He BcTynuntueil B peamuno npH
B3pbIBe.
IJOMUMODTOCO, 6anbwHe HaluntecTna EICKyCCTBelIHbIX
pa,a,HoawTHHHbtx HeutecTH co.34,aeT B pat:Lone B3pbIBa noTow
HeilTpoHos (naHugHtian paitHoawTHHHocTb). K Tatutm Heut,e-
CTB3M OTHOCSITC5I, HanpHmep, paAHoawTannte
HaTplin, Ka.TIIEH H HeHoTopbtx ,apyritx anemeHTon., coaepwa-
11tHXCH B Hepxuem cRoe 11014BbI, B nue, B pa3JIYIIIHbIX maTe-
pHaitax.
Xapawrep H CTeBellb pa,alloawTHE.Horo 3apmeHHH B03-
Ayxa H MeCTHOCTII, a Tame pacno.nowertubtx Hite ywpbt-
7 B. A. Mentiu,en
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
THrl Ha 9T0t1 MeCTIIOCTII noopy>Kennn, TeXIUIKH H ./no,Eteii 3a-
BHCHT OT BH Aa aTOMH0r0 B3pbIBa (B03Ay11111bIll, 11a3eMilblri,
noA3emnbal), ae.ininnubt 3apsma -0M-A A
131 II OT mnornx mew-
l-tux npinnin (oT panbeclia MeCTIIOCTII, OT rpynTa, OT noroAbr
II T. A.).
HIM BO3AyWHONI aTOMIIONI n3pune ocnonnan macca
paAnoaKTnalIbIX npoAymTon Amenity' naepnoro ?ropionero?
noAnnmaercsi BNtecTe c o6.naKom ii paccennaeTcn Ira ?O.flh-
mofi Ile Bb13bIBE151 311an1Tenbuoro 3apawensi
MeCTIIOCTII. npII 3TOM pailon B3pbI13a OtleIlb 6bicTpo cTano-
WITCH 6e3011aClIbINI. flpii Ha3e1lIONI aTOMEIONI B3pbIBe nonaa
Ii BoAa 3apma1onn cimbnee. B noc.neAnem c.nynae B patione
B3pbIBa abina,naeT HeCK0J1b1C0 nponenTon paAnoaKTnsubix
npo,u,yKTon Ae.nelinn, cmeulainibix c 110A1151TOrt B3pbIBONI
11b1J1b10, B TO npemn Kai( npn n03Ayainom n3pbme1I nonepx-
HOCTb 3eMJ111 B palione B3pbIBE1 BbniaAaeT tie 6anee COTbIX
gojiei npouenTa paAnoaKTnenbix npoAyKTon Ae.nennn. Kpome
Toro, npn na3emnom eapbme nponcxoAnT 60J1ee CHJ1b110e
paanoaKTnnuoe3apmenue mecTilocTll OT Ham/Lem-toil pump-
BICTHBIIOCTH, npesocxoAntuee no cTenenn 11 n.noulaAn 3apa>Ke-
nue, KoTopoe na6mAaeTc5T npn BO3JI,yLIJIIOM 133pbme.
flpn na3eNniom aTOMHOM B3pbI13e 311anirre.nbilan tiacTb
paAlloaKTnsublx npo,nyKTon B3pbIBa cmewnnaeTcn c 110t1B0r1 11
pa36pacbisaeTcn yiapo B0JIH0fi. MeJlICHe tlaCTI111,131 nonabi
ya.neKaioTcn BOCX0/151111,11M11 110TOICaMII B03,11,yXa B paAnoaK-
Tnanoe o6.naKo. HeKOTOpa51 JI0J151 pa11,110aKT111311bIX 11p0AyKTOB
B3pbIBa, OCeBUIE151 IIa 11a1160j1ee Kpy1111b1X tIaCTI111,3X BbI.1111, rio
Mepe 110A'beMa 06.11aKa, BbIllailaeT 113 nero ira 3em.ruo B
parione B3pbIBa. Bce 3TO ycnomaaeT 3apa)KellHe MeCTIIOCTI1,
npmeraiomeil K MeCTy 133pbiaa. H HO IlyT11 ABII>Kel1H51 o6.naKa
npoAo.rmaeTcn abmaAenne paAnoaKTnembix neutecTa smecTe
c nacTnuamn rpyirra 11 11b1j111. 9TO npneo,nnT K o6pa3oBaluno
paAnoaKTunnoro c,neAa B anAe naTIOCI31 3apaNcennort mecT-
HOCTH. Ha 6anbuieri nacTn sToil 110J10Cb1 3apa)KeIllIOCTb ire-
3nannTeabnan. HO B 6J111>Kar1111e171 K mecTy 133pbina nacm
paAllOaKTI1B110r0 CJICLIa 3apa?Kelmoub mo)KeT oKa3aTbcn
60J1b1.110ii.
BbICTp0My BbI1laAe111110 pa,a110aKTI1B1IbIX neutecTa 113 06-
aaKa cnoco6cTayeT ,L1,0)KAb H ClIeFOrlaA. npfl 3TOM B 6.01)1(0-
!Bell K MeCTy B3pbIBa 301-le paAnoaKTnanan 3apa)KennocTb
MeCTHOCTI1 MO)KeT 311atIIITeJlb110 BO3paCTH, a 3apa)KennocTb
B03Ayxa, nao6opoT, pe3Ko C11113HTbC51. K IleKOTOp0My yMeHb-
IlleHHIO HIiTeHCIIBIIOCTII pa,u,lloaKTllsnoro nanynennn mo)KeT
98
t...
IlpilBeCTH 3HatIHTe.11bIlbIri cneronaA noc.ne B3pbIBa, ec.fin 110-
Bepx BbIrlaBunix Ha MeCTIIOCTb paAnoaKTHEIIIbIX BeIlteCTB
06pa3yeTC5I AOCTaT01111bIn CJ10r1 cnera.
H3BeCT110, tITO paAnoaKTnauble tiacTimbi 6o.nbwe 3aRep-
iKuBBIOTC5I ira LuepoxonaTbix, H3110111e1111bIX, nopncTbix H
13J1a)KlibIX 110BepXHOCTSIX. 06paulennbie K MeCTy B3pbIBa no-
aepx1locTil 06'beKTOB 3apa)KaioTc5l 6o.nbine, tiem npoTunono-
Amnble. BO3MO}K110 Tame 3apaNceittie anyTpenunx noaepx-
nocTert 06'beKTOB, eC.1111 B 1111X ecTb =on, oTKpbrrbie oTaep-
CTIISI, MOM' II Anepn.
311atIllTeJ113110e 13J1115111Ile oKa3binaloT nanpamenne 1,1 cn.na
neTpa iia cTenenb 3apmennsi OTAeJ1bHbIX ytIaCTKOB mecTuo-
CTH 11 nonepxnocern oOrbewroa. Bo3Ayx 3apa?KaeTcn maw-lee
J111111e1IHOrl paCTIITeJIMIOr0 110KpOBa, B pe3yAb-
TaTe 311aturreabnoro nuneoopa3onann1.
B 3011e B3pbIBa o6pa3y1oTcn painioaKTnanbie BeatecTna,
o6.nal1.aiouthe camblmn pammtnibimn cpoKamn ?1K1131I11?. ne-
prto,u, no.nypacnaAa oannx ? CeKylIAbI ii M1111yTb1, Apyrnx
TpeTbnx ?Juni U mecsmbi. HosTomy Aa>Ke cnycTn
B.o.nroe npemn B TOM mecTe, r.ae n3opna.nacb aTomnan 6om6a,
mo)Kno o6napy)Klyrb pa,nmoannanbie 113,nynentin.
llpii aTymnom n3pbme BoAe H 110A BOAOri Tame ycn-
JIIIBBCTCH 011aCHOCTb nopa)Keumn paAnoaKTnalibimn Bung-
KOTOpbIe 06pa3y1OTC51 B 50J1bW1IX KOJIlltleCTBaX B
nue. nO3TOMy 1(opa6.nio onacno HaX0AHTbC51 Ao,nroe npemn
B 3apa}1(eifnbix BoAax (110 MON(110 f1p0171T11 nepe3 TaKylo
3ony).
npll 11011B0,11,110M aTomnom a3pb1Be o6pa3yeTcn orpomnoe
c.noncToKynenoe oo.naxo, 113 KOT0p0F0 nbina,n,aeT paAnoaKno-
IlbIti )10)1{Ab. BOJIbLI1a51 tlaCTb pa,unoaKTnanbix BeatecTa, o6pa-
3yiow,nxc5I npn HOABOAHOM B3pbIBe, 3a1Lep/K11BaeTC51 BO10171,
BCJIeACTBIle tler0 01Ia CTall0B11TC51 ClijIb110 3apa}KeHII0171. ECJIH
B3pb1B 11p01130111e.TI B6J111311 6epera, MO}KeT oKa35Tbcn 3apa-
mcenuoil paAnoaKTHIMIbIMII new,ecTnamn ii npn6pe>Knan mecT-
HOCTb KaK B pe3y.nbTaTe pa1l,noaKTn3noro AONC,I1,51, TK H
BCJIeACTBHe Bb16paCbIBa111151 na 6eper paAnoaKTnenoll BOAbI.
TaKHM 06pa3ONI, npn aTONIFIONI B3pbIBe MeCTHOCTb H pac-
no.nmennoe BOOpy)Ke1111e, 6oeaa5l TexiinKa H .11101I,H
MOryT 110111,13eprHyTbC51 3apaNCe111110 paL1110aKTHBIlb1MH Beale-
CTBaMII. H3Ilyt1e111151 paAllOaKTIIBlIbIX aeuiecTa (a.nbc])a-
tiacTinibi, 6eTa-tiacTnubi II raMMa-J1y414) apeAno B031.1,eliCTBylOT
na oprann3m ne.noneKa. Hpn B0311.efiCTB1111 60J1b1111IX 1103 143-
JITICH1151 11 11011a,aa111111 paAnoaK1141311b1X BeIll,eCTB nnyTpb opra-
7*
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99
1;1
11!
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
THrl Ha 37011 MeCTHOCTH soopy:KeHHH, TeXHIiKli H 3a-
BHCHT OT BH.aa aTOMHOr0 s3pbisa (B03,3.y1.11H1Iri, Ha3eN1Hb1r1,
no.a3emHbtil), Be.Th4HHbI apiLia oomou ii OT mHornx mew-
HHX Hp/1141111 (OT peabe4ia MeCTHOCT/1, OT rpyHTa, OTOrCab1
H T. ,a.).
IIPH B0321).111110M aTOMHOM 133puse OCHOBHaR Macca
paallOaKTHBIllaIX npcayKTos aeoeinist HaepHoro ?ropioneroD
noamimaeTcH smecTe c oonaKom H paccenHaercs Ha 6o.nb-
woft moutaaH, He Bla1313113a51 3Ha4nrreab11oro 3apaHeHHH
MeCTHOCT11. flpH 3TOM pailon 133pbn3a otieHb 6EacTpo CTaH0-
MITCH 6e3onacHum. OpH Ha3eNIHON1 aTOMHOM s3puse nonsa
/1 so.aa 3apaHcatoTcH cHabHee. B noczeaHem coyElae B pafloHe
B3pbIBa HunazaeT IleCK0.71bK0 npouenTos paalloaKTHsHbix
npoayKTon Ae.neHHH, CMellIaHHbIX C 110,11151TO/1 B3pla1BOM
B TO BP2M2 KaK npn B0.32WL11110M B3pb1Be Ha nosepx-
HOCTI) 3M111 B pafiolle B3pb1Ba bbillaJaeT He 6o.lee COTb1X
,gsvieff npoueHTa paanoaKTHsHbix npo,iyKTos ,g,e.neHHH. Kpome
Toro, npH Ha3eNtHom B3pb1Be 11pOliCX0a1IT 6o.nee CI1j1bH0e
paiiHoaKTHHHoe 3apa:KeHne MeCTHOCTI1OT Hase.aeHHoil pa;1110-
aKTHBH0CTH, npesocxoantuee no cTeneHn H nooutaan 3apme-
Hite, KoTopoe Ha6aloaaeTc5j npn B0341.11HOM B3Pb1Be.
FIPII Ha3eMHOM aTOMHOM 133pb1Be 3HalinTeobHasi 1-1aCTb
paaHoaKTHsubtx npoayKTos B3pb1Ba cmeunisaeTcH c noxisori H
pa36pacbmeTc1 papHoil Ho.nHoil. MeAKHe qacTintha notobi
yB.71eKalOTCSI BOCX0)1511.1111MI1 110TOKaN111 so3ayxa B paimoaK-
THEHOe o6HaKo. HeKoTopaH ,nonst pa,nudaKTnsnux npo.nywros
n3pbma, ocestuaH Ha Halloo:lee Kpynubtx nacTnuax nbuni, no
mepe noa-bema 06.naKa, sbmaaaer 113 Hero Ha 3eNtmo
pailoHe B3pbIBa. Bce aTO yCII.THIBaeT 3apa}KeHtte MeCTHOCTIi,
ripmeralow,eft K NleCTy B3pb1Ba. HO IlyT11 ABIDKeHI-151 o6.1aKa
rippao.T.KaeTcH suna,aeHne paalloaKTHHHbix sentecTs smecTe
c gamma:4H rpyHTa ii 11b1.111. TO 11p11BOalIT K o6pa3osaHHto
pu.HoaKTHHHoro cae,aa B Blue no.nocbi 3apa.,4ceHHoil mecT-
HOCTH. Ha 6o.nbuiell gacTH 3TO1i nanocht 3apa:KeHHoc-rb He-
3Hat-IHTejIbHaff. HO B 6311./Karirnerf K mecTy B3pbIBa nacTll
paamoaKTHsHoro c.ne,na 3apa:KeHHocTb mo)KeT OKa3aTbCH
60;1bW0fi.
BbICTp0MY sbmaaetuno paanoaKTHsHbix Baum 113 06-
oaxa cnoco6cTsyer ao-,Kab H cHeronaa. lipn 3TOM B 6.T111Kart-
ineu K mecTy B3pbIBa 30H paAnoaKTHsHast 3apa>KeHHocTb
MeCTHOCTH MOiKeT 3Ha4liTejlbH0 BO3paCTII, a 3apa>KeHHocTb
Bo3ayxa, HaociopoT, pe3Ko CHII3IITbCR. K HeKoTopomy ymeHb-
WeHHH) 111-1TeHCHBHOCTI1 paanoaKTHsHoro HinyneHnH MO)KeT
98
1 l'?
npinecTit 311aLIHTeJlbHbIri cHerona,a noc.ne s3pbtsa, ecm no-
Hepx BbITIammix Ha MeCTHOCTb pa,LI,H0aKTHBIIbIX BellkeCTB
o6pa3yeTcH itocTaTottubtfi 3au1IITI1b1r1 CJI01 cHera.
143BeCTII0, I-1TO pan,HoaKTHHnble qacTintbt 6anbwe 3aRep-
?KunaloTc1 Ha utepoxonaTbix, 113110111e1111b1X, nopticTux H
BJIa/KHbIX HOBepXHOCTSIX. 06patuenuble K MCT Y H3pbma no-
nep.x.nocTH ofteKToB 3apmaloTc1 6o.nbuie, item npoTHHono-
J10)KlIble. BO310)KII0 TaK>Ke 3apa}Kentie BuyTpentinx nonepx-
HOCTert 06'beKTOB, ecii B flux ecTb mem!, oTKpLaTbie oTsep-
CTI151, .1110KII II /wept!.
3natmTenbitoe BJIHRIIHe oKa3b1sa1oT Hanpasamie H cHna
nerpa Ha cTeneub 3apmeHHH OT,LIeJlbHbIX yttacTKon, mecTno-
CTII H nonepxHocTH o6n3eKToH. Boutyx 3apa}KaeTc5l cm.nbllee
ita MeCTIIOCTII, J11111.1e1-1HOci paCTIffeJIbH0r0 noKpona, B pe3y.nb-
TaTe 311annTenbnoro nbineoopa3onaHHH.
B 301-1e B3PbIBa oOpa3poTcH pasmoaKTHHnble seatecTsa,
o6.na,tta1oul11e cambINIH pa3.nnimbimm cpoKamx OliH3HIl?. Ile-
pnoit nanypacnua oannx ? Rpyrnx ?
Hach', TpeTbIiX ?./11-111 U mecHubi. Floaromy ,aa.}Ke CITyCTS1
,n,o.nroe Hpemn B TOM mecTe, rue H3opna.nacb aTomita? 6oNt6a,
1\10)K110 o6nappK11rb paitHoaKTHHHble Hinyttennn.
flpH aTomnom eapbtHe Ha 110.4e H 1104, B0,11.0i1 Taime ycH-
Jmn?aeTcH 011aCHOCTb nopmeung pafisoaKTHnnbimil Bente-
CTBHMII, KOTOpb1e o6pa3poTc1 B 60J1bWHX KOJIHtleCTBaX B
Flo3Tomy Kopa6Juo onacno HaX0AHTbC51 Romoe Hpemn
B 3apa)Kelinbtx Ho,nax (110 A10)1(110 nporiTH nepe3 TaKylo
3oHy).
flpH no,n,Ho,anom aTomuom B3pbIBe o6pa3yeTcH orpomnoe
c.noncToKyTteHoe oo.naxo, 113 KoToporo HunaltaeT paamaKTHB-
nal 50J1b11.1a51 4aCTb paitnoaKTnsHbix seutecTn, o6pa-
3y1OUJ,11XC5I npn no,two.u.Hom B3pb1Be, 3a2tepHdtsaeTcH Hoztoti,
nc..neAcTHHe nero ?Ha CTa110B11TC51 CHJ1b110 3apa>KeHnoil. ECJIH
B3pbIB npon3ome.n B6JIH311 6epera, MO)KeT OKa3aTbC51 3apa-
)KeHnoci paxmaKTHsHumu new,ecTsaNnt H npH6pe)KHaH mecT-
HOCTb KK B pe3y.nbTaTe paitHoaKTnnHoro ,11,0)K,11,51, TK H
Hc.neAcTnne nb16pacbma111 na 6eper paimoaKTnnuort BoAbt.
TaKitm o6pa3om, npn aTONIHOM. B3pbIBe MeCTHOCTb H pac-
no.nomenHoe Ha Heil Hoopy>KeHne, 6oesast TextutKa U J110,E1,14
MFT no,nseprnyTbcH 3apmetnuo pa,11110aKTIIBI-IbIMI1 Beate-
CTBaMH. 1/13.nyneH111 padnnoaKTHHHbtx seutecTs (a.nbcpa-
HacTnubi, 6eTa-tiacTnubt ii ramma-ny41'l) Hpeitno Ho3,neficTHytoT
Ha opratin3m tianoBeKa. Flpti HonteficTsHH 6o.nbunix ,a03 113-
J13111e111151 11 nona,nannu paAnoaKTnnubtx BeLLIeCTB BIlyTpb Opra-
7*
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized CO .y Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
HH3ma 1303Nt0mo 3a6anenauHe .nytteaoil 6o.ne3Hb1o, xait H 13
caytiae nopaxceimn npounKalow.eii panHauHeil.
PaRtioaKTHaubie Bew,ecTaa, nonaawHe HenocpeAcTaelmo
Ha Koxcy Han Ha C.111131!CTbIC 060J10111(14 r.na3, Hoca n pa ii
)31.1111TeabH0e apemn He yna.neumge c IIIIX, morr BbI3BaTb BOC'
na.neuun ii 2313b1. Mammy, AciicTaysi tia 3apa)Ke11uoil
partHommatibmni HeutecTaamn MeCTIIOCTII, 11e0 6XO111\10 Hint-
min) mepbt K Tomy, trro6bi paccesuman B B031131Xe 11 Ha no-
3au1U1Mible
ne, !Jammu
APMTWEW
203
3autUMHOR
nanuana
3aulumnbie
yvneu
11pomuomo
3ainumnbni npope-
3unennani nnaut c
Kornowonom
3auomnbie
num=
3aulumnbte
tlynxu
Puc. 25. Plitanana.yanbnble cpencTna nponnommecnoci aa-
twin' co.maTa (caesa) n taipoca (cnpaaa).
nepxHocTH 3em.nH panHoaKTHHHan rn:anb He nona,a,aza Ha OT-
Kpbrrbie ytiacTKH Te.na U Burpb oprann3ma. HaAMHOCI 3a-
3,aeCb moryT C.T1y)KIITb HHAHBH,u,ya.ribHue cpeRcTaa npo-
THBOXHMHtleCKOri 3aW,I1TbI (pHc. 25): npoTHaora3, HaKtunca H
ApyrHe cnenHa.nbuble mepu saumrbi (o6 3TOM no,apo6nee
MIDIToBopnm nanbwe). Xopouvio 3anniTy OT paii,HoaKTHaubix
H3.nyilemirt o6ecnelmaa1oT (i)opTinpHKanHoumbie coopywenHn
(pm. 26). Liam B OTKpbITbIX ckopTinimaanontibix coopyxce-
HHAX, HanpHmepB TpaHmee, ypon.HH puma= B 10-20 pa3
HHyke, mem Ha nosepxHocm 3em.rut. BoeHoil TexHHKe paitHoax-
THBlibte Bet.u,ecTaa apeila He npIIHOCSIT. LITO 513I 1136e)KaTb no-
paweinin pantioaKTHBHumu aunecTaamn, nx Hymo o6Hapy-
AHTb H ynasrarrb c Teza, o6myn,ampoaamin, cHapmeHHn,
opymon H 60eB0i1
100
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Co
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?Ana I13 xapawrepubtx oco6eHHocTeii pas,HoaKTHaHblx
aeutecTa 51B.1151eTC51 TO, tITO 011I1 moryT He HMeTb cnewHinme-
cKoro 3anaxa, uaera iiApyrux meninx npmnaKoa, caoti-
CTBeHliblX NIIIOTIIM 6oesbim oTpaa.n5110111,HM Bew.ecTaam.
06HyHAHp0ISaHHC (1011HOCTIHO
oa*emnsacr an?43a-qacniobs
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Hopnyc 6poKeTpancnopropa, 6ponn Tanna I
110J1HOCTb10 oatterathica;oT ant.42n-qacrmou,
6eT11-4aCTSHAbi H claCTH4H0 ramma-nrot
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n0HpbiTHIt H HpyrocTH no46pycruepubtx
-.007;11
oaAepnotsawr H ramma-nros
6JoinAasters H y6etHIAW. 110.11HOCTb10
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nbnc
P auoa wrimiioe 3apmeHme o61-Iapy4:113aioT npn Homo=
enatHaAbHbtx npHoopo3, na3butaembix 4,o3HmeTpmeciumui
np116opamH. CTenenb pannoaKTHaHoro 3apmeHun MeCTHOCTH
I19141151TO xapaKTepH3onaTb MOLIIIIOCTSIMH ,11.03 ramma- H 6eTa-
H3J1ylleHl11 y rioaepxHocm 110t1BbI, H3mepnembimH B pante-
'tax H mac. B 3aBHCHMOCTII OT cTeneHa pa,u,Hoawrimoro 3apa-
y Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-n1n4npnnoonnngnr,,,,,
cs_
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
>Kelm mecTnocTH npemo Aonymmoro npe6b1Ba1rns1 Ha nil
J1141I110c0 cocTana 6e3 yw,ep6a mit 3,11OPOBb51 mmeT 6bITb
pa311b1M.
Oco6enHocTbro paiwozummubtx new,ecTs, o6pa3pownxcH
npn aTONIII0A1 s3pbme, 51BJI5ieTC51 6bicTphici cnaji 1x paulloaK-
TIIBHOCTH nc.ne.acTnne pacnalw pammawrnanbtx BeatecTB, a
TaK}Ke nc.yreitcTnne citynanint nx c noaepxnocTit 11011Bbl BeT-
pom, CMbIBaI11151 ROKB,,eNI H npomtKaunst pa,anoawnumbix BC-
CTB B nonny. Flo3Tomy Ame CHJIb110 3apmennble ynacun
MeCTIIOCTH nepe3 neKoTopoe spew' noc.ne 3apaNceting cTano,-
MITCH 6e3onaClIbIN114.
B 3atunoneHne c.ne,n,yeT cKa3aTb, 1110 cTenenb no3,neff-
CTBII51nopma1ownx cpawropon aTomnoro n3puna BO mnorom
3a1311CHT He TOJIbK0 OT xapaKTepa B3pbIBa (noanywnbill, Ha-
3emnb1l, no,n3emmAt1), Kann6pa 6om6b1, 110 H OT meTeopo.no-
rnnecKnx yCJloBnui H OT peabecka mecTuocTn. PaccmoTpnm
aTOT nonpoc no,npo6Hee.
BO3bMe1, cmmem, B03,11,y11111bIri aTomlIbIii B3pb1B. npii
DTOM, KaK Bbl ywe 3HaeTe, 3apax:emie MeCTIIOCTII B pailoite
3nintenTpa B3PbIBa OTHOCHTeJ1b110 nene.nnKo II unTencnBlIOCTb
ero 6bicTpo ymeHbumeTcH. B BTOM cayHae 11alf60J1bLuyio
onacHocTb A.nsi &Aim C TO1IKII 3pe1nt1 jix nopmenng, npe,n-
cTanaHeT pa,n,HoaKTHsHast 111.31.11b, nuna.nalouta51 113 oi5pa3o.
nabuterocH na,i& pailonom n3pusa rpn6onnalloro o6,naKa,
KoTopoe B 3aBHCHM0CTH OT COCTO51IIH51 aTmoc*epb; nepeme-
uweTcH no Hanpannenno B0311,y111 11b1X Tetiemtil CO CKOpOCTbIO
neTpa. B pe3y.nbTaTe no Hanpamenmo ABIDKeI11451 Arian
o6pa3yeTcH no.noca 3apmeHHH, FIJIOTHOCTb KOTOpOr0 3aBHCHT
OT CHJIbI neTpa. Llem cmnbitee neTep, Tem 6anbwect 6y11.e'r
moutaltb 3apmeintoli no.nocbi, Ho TM menbwe cTenenb 3a-
p metals!.
lipn Ha3emn0D.1 aTomilom 133pbrne paanoaKTHsnoe 3apaMce-
file KK B pacioue n3puna, TaK H 13 nanpatmennu
ABH>KellHH pa.nnoaKTHsnoro o6Haxa 6y,neT 6o.nee BbICOKIIM,
Hem ripit B03,ayLLIII0M, TaK KK KOJIMIeCTBO 110,(1,1151T0ri Ilb1.11 II H
pa3mepbt ee Hacnut 6y,risT 66,nbuiamn, H 1103T0MY 011H BbIrla-
AYT Ha 3eMJII0 ncKope nocae B3pbil3a. DTO oco6enno onacno
rip!! neTpe, .aynnusem Ha soikKa, Talc Kat< s AanHom caynae
HX nopmeHne purnoaKTHsHbimH neutecTsamn 1303M0N010
Ame Ha 1l,0130.11bFIO 31Ia1113TeJlbHOM CCT05111HH OT mecTa
B3PbIBa.
Kpome neTpa, Heo6xowtm0 ytiliTb11.311Th II THKOrl (08KTOP,
Katt BepniKaitt)ttQe. nepememetwe B0311YWIlblX tvitlee. Cuabnbie.
102
nocxomw,ne TOKII no3,ttyxa CHOCO6CTBylOT 6bicTp0my 1.10)11151-
11110 paiwoaKTHsHoro o6.naKa Ha 6o.nbwyio nbicoTy H ycKo-
psnoT ero paccensanne. Bun TemnepaTypa npH3emitoro CJIOS1
no3,ayxa C BIDICOTOil noabituaeTcH, TO BOCX01151111,14X TOKOB B03-
i1.yxa He 6yJteT. BbinaeT npommyTotutoe COCTO511111e,npu Ko-
Topom TemnepaTypa B npmemuom cHoe no3s.yxa C BbICOTO
lie H3meHoeTcH. flpH STOM Ha6moH,aeTc1 ycToillmsoe panno-
necHe no3,nyu11btx macc, T. e. 3acToil n03,n,yxa. DTO BbI30BeT
3aCTO ablM ii Tibia 14, o6pa3onanunixcH
13
pe3y.nbTaTe B3pb13a, HT? mo}KeT 3aTpylutuTb 130f1CKaN1 Hpe-
o,n,anetnie pailotta B3Pb1Ba aTomnoil 6omobt.
Ha nopmwow,ee xteilcTane cneTonoro H3.ny4ennq aTom-
noro B3Pb113a cepbe3noe BJ1 115111Ile oKa3bwaeT cTeneub npo-
3patmocTH nontyxa B III1)1(1111X CJIOSIX aTmoccimpbt. Tyman,
rycTasi jLbbMlca, HH3Kast o6HatinocTb, a TaKwe ocaluut B 1311,11e
CH11131101-0 .1:1,0*/10,51 II cnera pe3Ko ymeabwaioT
ialtTeIlcuBIIodTb
cneTosoro HInytietnot, a CJICROBaTejlb110, 11 pao,nyc onacnocTH
nopmenng. Talc, HanpHmep, n.noTublii Tyman ymenbwaeT pa-
Anyc nopmennsCBCTOI3bIM n3.ny4e11nem B 2-2,5 pa3a. Bo
spew; Itow,n,z, cneronaitos H Tymanon ymenbwaeTcH
onacuocTb 1303IIIIK1IOBellH51 nmapon, Bbl3bIBaeMblX. ClileTOBb1M
nanynewiem. B CB51311 C 3TliM CJle,I1YeT OTMeTilTb, 11TO, 110 /Lau-
ItbINI HHocTpantioil neHaTn, HcKycanenuoe 3adn,btm.neune Toro
link! Hnoro yHacTKa cmpKaer 30eKTIIBH0CTb fteficTstot cne-
T01301.0 H3,nyneHHH. ,LI.,btmonbie 3anecbt KaK cpeasso 3a111,11Tb1
OT 110pa)Kellti% CBeTOBb1M H3ny4ennem Ite.necoo6pa3no npume-
1151Tb AA 51 orpaminewtH 3011b1 no?Kapon B Hace.nennbix nynK-
Tax Han B parionax naHdibtx coopyweintil npn yrpo3e aTom-
noro nanafigHHH, a Talon ymenbweHHH no3mmuoro
nopmennst cKor1JIe111451 BOCK CBeTOBbIM Huyttennem.
ycrieuntoci npoTHsoaTomuoil 3a1.11J1Tb1 Heo6xoomo
.111-1HTb1BaTb Ii xapaKTep oca,n,Kon.
,11,0)K,11,b, npowe,awHil nocHe aTomuoro n3pbina,
cmbtsaeT pa.u,noaKTnnubte neutecTsa c pacTirreabnoro no-
Kpona, cnoco6cTnyeT npounKnosetimo tix B nonny H Tem Ca-
MbIM ymeubwaeT cTeneub HenocpeAcTneunoro 3apmennH.
1-1pn C1I5131101\1 Amite Konuetrrpaung paiwoaKTHnubtx Bel.HeCTB
B nontyxe 6bicTpo ymenbwaeTPH H aTmoccl)epa KaK 6131
maeTcH OT HHX. 0)1,11aK0 npH ne6oabw0m fismite, Ii oco6effit0
ripm citeronaxte 130 spew' B3PbIBa, BO3MOiK110 CHJIbliOe 3apa-
>Kenn MeCTHOCTli, TaK KaK Kum Amu; 11 citexinuKH 6y-
,n,yT 3aXBaTblBaTb 11aCTIWN paivoaKTHntibtx BeW,eCTB, 11001-
1.1-WeC5 B Boxiyxe noc.ne a3pbtsa. B 3Hm1ee npemst CH.111311
bIH
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
di
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
H npoximitTe.nbubal clieronaA o5.nernaeT npamo.nenHe
yilacmon. MeCTHOCTII, 3apmeirna puitoaxTilmbimit neu.te-
CTBaM14. Kpome Toro, Ame ne3tiannTe.nbtibin c.noil cHera,
oTpman 6anbinylo tiacTb CBBTOBOTO 113.TITIB111151, ripeRo-
xpanneT .nerxonocmamensnoutuecn npe,RmeTb' oT 130310-
pal1iis"
Xapanep pe.nbe(lia MeCTIIOCTII Tame oxa3binaeT B.1111Hinie
Ha nopawaiow,ee itteficTme yAapnoil B0,1111131, cneTonoro Huy-
H paittnomitmoro 3apaNie111151. Tax, nu paniutHoli,
Ha OTKpb1TOCI MeCTHOCTII, rje papHan no.nna npu ee pacnpo-
cTpanentm He ncTpenaeT npensiTcTmil, contaeTcsi IlaH60J1b-
wasi ()Hamm nopmcemin >KIIBOil cHabi II TeXIIIIKII. Ha
cTennoil H oco5enHo necnano-nycTunnoil MCCTIIOCTI1 npit
aTOMIIONI B3pbIBe BO3NIO}KII0 nonmenHe 6o.nbuioro io.nnie-
CTB nbuill, xoTopan, oceAan, 3apameT me-
CTHOCTb Ha 3I1atHITeJ1bHONI y1LaJIelllIll OT anHueHTpa 133pbIBa.
XOJIMIICTaH, cpe;tHenepecetiennan AleCTHOCTb ymeHbulaeT
30Hy nopmetim OT aTomnoro B3pbIBa. flpH sTOM Ha CKa-
Tax, o6pautetnibix B cTopoHy B3pbIBa, FiLe yuapHan B0.11Fla
BcTpegaeT npennTcTnne, co3AaeTc51 6anee nbicoxoe itameinle,
a c.nuonaTe.nbHo, 11 ee pa3pywaioulee ;LekTme 6yingT 60.nb-
IIIHM. Ha o6paTtibix )}Ce cxaTax Aeilcmite B3pbIB11011 BOJIHbI
nonmeno. B .nouninax H onparax, Hanpamerine KOTOpbIX
conna;taeT c pacnpocTpaitennem yaapHoil no.nlIbI, no3momo
311aturre.nbHoe mecTuoe ynmulteHite ;lament's" CHJIbII0 nepe-
ceneturan MeCTFIOCTb, H3o6H,nyloutan onparamH H 6a.nxamn,
Hau6o.nee cnoco6cTnyeT 3alunTe BOrICK H TeXHHK14 OT nopa-
)xemin y;tapHort Bonita 11 CBBTOBbIM '13.nyneimem. 11.pn opra-
HH3auxti 1.1pOTHBOaTON111011 3a1.11,13Tb1 B ropax Heo6xo,nmmo
TIIITbIBaTb BO3MONCHOCTb 110pmemisi Hoticx B pe3y.nbTaTe
o6na,n0n, xamitena,n,on II cnexclibix .nanHH, xoTopme moryT
B031111KHyTb xl,a}xe Amex() 3a npeite,namll 301Ib1 nopmermn
aToMifoil 6om6oil.
Jlec B 3a1311CHMOCTII OT no3pacTa, FYCTOTbI II nopoltb1 ;Le-
pel:then B Hem)Topa cTenem" orpalutnitsaeT stlxpexTHmocTb
aTomnoro B3pbIBa. CTapblil rycToil JIHCTBeHHbII1 iec, mill OH
He ItaxoAnTcn B HenocpeacTnetnioct 5.rin3ocTH OT 3runtempa
n3pbina, ymeHbutaeT nopawaimuee fiseficTrille yin,apHoil BOJIHH
11 npeRoxpanneT OT nopmemin CBeT013131M Hmymennem.
B zeclibtx maccHnax BO3MO}KII0 Tax)xe ymeHbuienHe cTenetut
pauttoaxTHnHoro 3apawennz MeCTIIOCTH 3a cner oceaHHn
puutoaxTimtnax new,ecTs Ha xponax Aectenben. Ho XBOCLIIbIe
.neca, oco6enHo B m:apxoe, 3acymoH3oe .neyo, nodur, BJIH1HH2.1411
104
cneTonoro Hinytiennsi moryT ,nerxo 3aropeTbc5i, a 1103TOMy
czeltyeT H3oeraTb pacnommetnin Balm B TaKIIX .necax.
npimeitem elite HexoTopme AonominTezblible ,aamime o
nopawalouulx citaxTopax aTOMHOTO B3PbIBa (TpOTHJIOBbIrl
31thitna.nenT 20 TbIC. TOHH). nopamatoutHe (PaxTopb1? 3u:tap-
'Lan nanna, cneTonoe i'mytienne, npoutmatoulan pa.n.HauHn
paititoaxTnnHoe 3apmeime mecTnocTH ? ,IlefiCTBDOT notITH
oxtonpemeurio, npanz,a, c pa3atitmoil ,IIJIIITBJ113110CTbIO. Pac-
CMOTpliM, nanplimep, Kai( Til cpaxTopm RelicTnyloT Ha
o6-bexT, pacno.no-/xennbal OT mecTa n3pbisa Ha paccToninal
KI11. CneTonoe H3.nygelute, pacnpocTpaHsnouleecn npaxTH-
Item mruonelmo, aeflcTnyeT Ha 3TOT o&bexT nepsble
2-3 cexylut,bi. YAapilan no.nna AocTuraeT o6.bexTa npH-
mepHo 3a 5 ceKylut ineticTnyeT OKOJIO OAHOri cexylLubt. rIpo-
iumaloukan pailHauitn, pacnpocTpansuoulancsi Tanxe npaxTH-
gem.' mrHonentio, ;1,eilcTnyeT B Telienue nepnbix 10-15 ce-
PailuoaxTionoe 3apmein1e cxa3binaeTco 6o.nee npo-
110JINCIITe.J1b1I0e npemn.
Ha icaxom yAa.neHnu OT Nieura aTomHoro n3pbma It Ha
xaxoci n.noluaxi nponcxo,r04T nopmeHHe npit aTom-
'tom napbule? FIpu B3Pb1Be aTomnofi 5omobt, sionna.netiTHoil
20 Tbicsitiam TOIIII Tpomna, OT yJLapiIOH BOJIIIbI TFI)KeJIbIe no-
pmemin BO3M0)K11131 B pa.umyce 800 meTpon OT mecTa
n3pbma Ha unoulazut 2 xna.apaTHIDIx xu.nomeTpa. B paA,Hyce
)3,0 1600 meTpon Ha n.now,uall 8 xna,npaTubtx xunomeTpon
seposITHN nopmeHtin cpeittleil cTeneHH H B pamlyce ir_Lo
2400 meTpon Ha n.noutaitH B 18 xna,upaTHbix xunorvieTport ?
nopawetiHn .nertcoil cTenenH. ,11,a,nbuie pa,anyca 2400 meTpos
nopa)xemin moiteti papnoil no.nuoil He Ha6mo21aeTcn. Cne-
TOBOe 143.nytiesnie mo)xeT ne3aw,lnuetutbim 111011,51M
nopaNceinte n paitnyce ;to 3200-4000 meTpon, Ha mnoluaAH
32 xnatlpaTilblx xn.nomeTpa. BpeAtioe B03)3,efiCTBIle npom-
xalouiell pamiau,un cxa3binaeTc1 B pamlyce ,ao 2000 meTpon.
PaxtHoaxTHBIloe 3apmenHe mecTuocTH noc.ne no3tlywHoro
aTOMII0r0 n3pbma cpaBlIkiTeJ113110 nenemixo. Taxtim o6pa-
30M, na Ha1,160J1bWIIX paccTosumnx OT uexTpa B3pbIBa Ha He-
3aw,Hatetnibix 6 yueT AeficTsonaTb cseTonoe 113.nytteltHe.
KaapHan BOJIHa nopm(aeT Ha meHbunix paccTosutHnx, npx-
item ee IL1X0JL B irlanHyio Totmy Ha6;nouaeTcn cnycTn Heim-
Topoe npemn. Flpommioutan paitHauHn nopmaeT Ha elue
Mellb1111IX paccTosuninx OT uenTpa B3pbIBa.
OuHaxo nopmaloutee AericTune aTomHoro B3pbIBa 3Hat111-
'TeJ1bH0 M0)K110 COKpaTHTb 13J111 ycTpainiTb conepweHHo,. eCJI13
105
II
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30 ? CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
1 1
HMeTb yKpbITI1 H y6exunita, nuroToaneuubm c ygeTcnvi Tpe-
6oBannii 11pOTHBOaTOM110r1 3aW,I1TbI. ja,awe npn naxo)K,B,emm
JI 10,11,er1 B OTKpbITbIX oKonax, Tpanutenx ii xo.a.ax coo6w.eunsi
no.nuoro npognum nopa)Kenne OT yKaaannoro Ka.nn6pa aTom-
nal 60M6b1 MO>KeT 1Ea6.r1to1LaTbcst rip n B03,aerICTBHH cneToBoro
113JITIeHlif1 JIIIWb itapaCCTOSIHHH 400 meTpoB, npolumaiouta
paanaunn ? B paanyce 550.meTpoB, a yaapnoil BOJIIb1 ?B
pazyce Jto 700-750 meTpon. I-1pH o6opyitoBannn no3nu,nil
14 palm-lots pacnommetum BOtiCK 3aKpb1Tb1M11 yoemnu,amn
(KpuTbal oKon ILIIIl yttacToK Tpainuen) JIHHbli COCTaB MO-
)KT no,aBeprnyTbcn nopa)Ketinto yaapitoil BOJII101.1 TOJIbK0 na
paccTorninnx Ao 400 m, a nopmennn CBeTOBbIM km.nytiennem
ne 6yAeT coBcem. CTenenb nopa?Kettun Juo,Reil npommatoutect
pazumunell 6wkeT 3aBlICeTb OT T0.111.11,111IbI coopy?Kennn.
Limy OT pa,u,noaKTimitmx Bew,ecTB, oce,a,aloutnx nia MeCTHOCTb
nocze B3pbIBa, obecnettaT intarmitn,ya.nblibie cpeAcTna npo-
THBOXIMPIeCK011 3a111,11Tb1 (rmonmora3, naKKB,Ka, tiyoxu,
neptiaTxn). rIpll o6opy1l,oBannn 3aKpb1TbIX y6e}Krau ,u,ocTa-
Toquoil npotwoun C 110KpbITIIHMH, cun)Kalow,nmn 1Lo3y npo-
iniKatomeil paLinaullii 6e3onacnbix nopm, momo o6e-
cne4nTb nue>Knyio 3aU1uTy OT 110pmemist BOagyllIlibIM
B3pb1BOM .Lume B6J111314 OT 3nn1enTpa B3pbIBa.
TaKnm o6pa3om, H OT aTomnoro Opy}KHI HMelOTCH naJte,K-
lible cpeAcTBa H C110006b1 3a111,11TbI. HeCMOTp51 na TO TITO
aTomnan 6om6a necomuenno, mouutoe opy)Kne, ona coBcem
ne 5113.112eTCH ?cBepxoppKnem?, TO eCTb TaKHM oppKnem,
npoTttB KoToporo IteBo3mo)Kna mmaKan 3ammTa. 3a noBB.ne-
nnem KaKr.toro noBoro Bn,B,a opy}Knn Bcema c.neaosaaa pa3-
pa6oTKa cpeacTB H CH00060B 3a111,HT131, CHIDKaBLIIHX 344eK-
THB110CTb 3Toro opy)Knn. Flonmenne aTOMH0f0 Opy}KI1 I10-
BJ1eKJI0 3a co6o11 aKTnBubm m3bmxam151 cpeAcTB 3aLLI,4Tb1.
B nacToBulee Bpemn, Kora nopmatoutan mina aTomnoro H
BoAopolmoro opy)Knn y)Ke ,LI,0CTaT011H0 ncueonana, momo
roBopnTb 0 11a11,e)KlIbIX 13 cpaBlinTenbuo npocTux cnoco6ax
H cpeacTBax 3aU.1,11TbI. HayKa H Text(Hma, H3bICKHBa5I
CpejL-
CTBa npoTHBoaTomuoil 3a111,11TbI, tukeT elite ,DI,aabLue. flpmin-
maturcH He TOJIbK0 mepbi nenocpeAcTBennog 3a11.mTbr BOCK
H nace.nennu; pa3pa6aTbmatoTc51 cnoco6bi 6opb6br c camane-
Tamil, ynpaBonembimn cnapsur,amn H Apyrnmn nocirre.immn
aloMinbix 60m6, a 'mime cnoco6b1 Be,aennn 6oeBbrx itericTanii
? yCJI0BH5IX npnmenenlin aTomnoro opy)Knn.
B nacTos-au,ee Bpemn c aTomnoro opy)Knst c6pomeno no-
KpbIBBJI0 TallHCTBeHIIQCT11, ero eCTBHTebile CB.04Q.T,E14:
106.
peanbubm BO3M0)KHOCTII namiloro npeyBeznum3a.nvicb Timm-
pnammTamn c ue.nbto 3anyrimamin ?y?Kacamto aTomnoil
Bornibt.
BO3M0>KIIOCTb naneceunn 11pOTIIBIIHKOM aTOM11131X yitapos
13,13I3bIBaeT neo6xunmocTb ripoBoxixTb oco6ble meponplomm
no cpbmy ero aTomnoro nanaAennu, a 'mime oprammoBaTb
npoTnBoaTomuyto 3aw,wry. Ba)Knyto p0J1b B oTpmennu aTom-
11b1X mapoB IlpOTHBIIIIKa B131110JIIISleT BCH cncTema npoTaBo-
Bo3yunt0il o6oponbt.
ivieponpmrrnn HO 11pOTH3OaTOM110c1 3aw,wre OCyMeCTBJI 51-
10TCH nenpepbmno iie TO.TIbK0 BO Bcex minax 6051, no n npn
naxmicAelmn BOilCK B my60Kom TbIJIy. 01111 nmeloT II,eJ1b10
o6ecneturrb BoilcKa OT nenocpeAcTBennoro B03,ae11CTB1111
aTomuoro opymum H coxpanum lix 6oecnoco6uocTb.
Oco6ennoc?rn xteilcTmin aTomnoro opymn Tpe6y1oT 14 ?co-
6bix CH00060B 3aW,I1TbI OT nem. DTH CHOCO6bi LIOJI)KHbl BKJ110-
maTb B ce6n 3auttrry wumBpemenno OT yfi,apnoil BOJIIIbI, CBe-
ToBoro 1,13.nygenun, npounKalouleil paAnaunn, a Talon OT
Bpezworo ,ReficTBnu paa110aKTIMHbIX BelaeCTB, naxo,anL11,14XC51
noc.ne B3pbma B Bo3,uyxe 11 Ila 110BepX110CTI1 3eMJ114 (B BOAC).
KaKOBbI )Ke OCHOBIlbIe Cpe,IICTBa H cnoco6bi 3aW,HTbI OT
B03,11,erICTB1351 aTOM110r0 Opy>K1151? flpOTHBOaTOMIIa51 3a1.11,IiTa
BK.ntotmeT c.ne,aytom,ne meponFurnin: 1) onoBemenue o6
?Raman aTomuoro liana/Leung; 2) nmenepuoe o6opy,ao-
Banne MeCTHOCT11 B HpOTHBOaTONIHOM OTHOWeHHH; 3) puma-
unonnan pa3Beik(a; 4) JIHKBH,Ela IV 51 nocim,acTBnik aTomuoro
nana,aentin. ilo3naK0mnmcn C 3THMH MepOrIplISITIIHMH
po6nee.
Ononemenne o6 onactiouni aTomlloro nanalkem451 opra-
mmyercu c ue.nbio cnoeBpemennoro nputurrnu BoilcKamn
mep K OTpa)Ke111110 aTOM110f0 IlaHaAeIIIISI 11 3a111,1ITe OT nopa-
)Katom,ero ,n,eficTBIN aTomnoro opy?KuB. J11flHb1i cocTaB
0110BeIllaeTCH yCTall0B.ReI111b1M11 CHrlIa.11aMH 110 paA110 H npo-
B0Allb1MH cpexicTBamn CB5l3H; 9111 CHrilaJibi 11eMe,I1J1e11110
Jiy6.1111pyIOTCH 3ByKOBb1M11 lIJIII 3pHTe.libIlbIMI1 ClirHalIaM11.
KaK TOJIbK0 1-10,LIaeTC51 cnrima aTomnoil TpeBorn, n0ma3-
,11e.nennu npnunmaior nemexnenuble mepbi no 3aul,wre OT nom-
Hoc? opymum. Bbmo.nuenne 6oeBoil 3aaatin npn 3TOM nie
npeKpautaeTca.
B 3114 MI1HyTbI neo6xoolulm0 oco6enno BIIHMaTeJ1b110 C.11e-
AHTb 3a KOMan,a011, IlpIlKa3a1111 SIMH 11 CHIllaTIaMH Komaimupa.
Hasso HOMIIIITb, tITO OT ppramnoBannocm, 6bICTp0TbI H cme-
Kaaal poutt05 autica, KaK 6yAeT Bunoatlena 0c)ellail 3a-
107
ti
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30 ? C1A-RDP81-01043R0027nnnnnn9 A
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
xaxoe nopmenne naneceT aToNtnoe nanaAenne npoinn-
innca. Kpome Toro, Ile ucmotiena BO3M0>KHOCTb, tITO npn
aTOMHOM nanas,ennn Boennoc,.mxamemy npnaeTcn npmun-
maTb mepbi camo3auurrbi 6e3 npensapnTenbnoro npe1Lynpe-
>menn51.
ATomnoe nanmenne npoTnainixa He moeT c.ny)(wrb oc-
noBannem Ann npexpautelinn 6051. Veal,'wan win ynnites
cnrna.n aTomnon Tpeaorn, c.neAyeT npanecTu B no.no)xenne
_?11aroToae? Inutunnaymbubte cpeacTaa npoTnaoxnmntlecxoci
3aW,13TbI II npo,aamaTb Bb1110J11151Tb 6oesylo 3a,Ra14y. Hywno
6bITb BIIHNIaTe.11131IbIM, C06,11104,aTb cnoxoncTnne, nbmepwxy11
oprannoaarmocTb; xomananp yxanceT nan6onee uLenecoo6-
pa3nb1l cnoco6 dtteficTann.
ECJIH B momenT no):tatm clunana Son ire Be,tteTcn, czez,yeT
npHHFITb MepbI. )1J151 3aW,11TbI ce6n ii caoero opymn oT.nopa-
)xeinin aTOMHbIM B3pb1B0M. Opy,11,1451, TaIIKII, camoxoiwo-ap-
Tn.n.neputicithe ycTanonxx, aaT0m06nan neo6xoRnmo nocTa-
BHTb B yxpbunn, 3a1151Tb 11041,TOTOBJIeHtibIri 6JIHH,E1aN<
y6e)xmine. BX0,1151noc.nem-nrm B 6JIHHaa>K (y6emnue), nymno
3aKpbITb 3a co6oil 'wept, MTH IlpilKpb1Tb BX0):1111,1iTOM; B y6e-
?mu1e nepexpbrrb nbimoxozt 11 Bontyxonoit. Bo 1136excanne
nowapa c.neAyeT noracnTb xepocinionbie aamnbt 1,1 oronb
13 netni.
ECJIH 110,11FOTOBJIetIfIbIX yxpbrinfi B MOMeHT noaatni
cnruaza aTomnon Tpenorn HeT, nymio HCF10J1b30BaTb )1,J151
yKpb1T1151.1no6y10 cma./txy MeCTITOCTII UJUI mecTribrn npeRmeT.
He nu() OCTaI3J151Tb nue yxpbnnii caoe opy)xne, npu6opu,
paanocTainuno, a 3aXBaTI1Tb 11X C CO60171 B y6eminte; BO3F0-
paembie ReTann TeXHIIKII, ocTameinible ane yKpb1THil, ,a.1151
3a11.411TbI OT caeTonoro 143.ny4emin iiajio HaKpbITb 6pe3enTom
nex.namn. Ha maptue no cnrnany aTomnon Tpenorn Ramice-
rine Ire npexpaulaeTcn. BOAHTeJ111 3axpbmaioT xa6Inly (max,
?xamo314) n coxpansnoT caoe mecTo B KOJI01111e.
OT nopaxcelnin paAHOaKTHBFIbIM11 new,ecTaamn H OT B03-
,11,erICTB1451 CBeTOBOF0 113.ny4enns }La/Lem-To npe,noxparnnoT 11H-
Anen,aya.nblib1e cpencTna 11pOTHBOXIIMagecKoii 3ain,nTbi ?
npoTnaora3, 3auturnbnl KOCTIOM, naxnflica, tlyJIKH 14 neptraTxn.
FlpoTnaora3 110JIHOCTb10. 3aw,nutaeT B01411a OT nonaaannn
pannoaxTuanbtx BeILIeCTB BHyTpb oprann3ma H OT 3apmennn
KO)KnbIX noxponoa TOJIOBbI. 3a111,14THbIll KOCTIOM ? naKnp,Ka,
tlynxn, neptiaTim ? npeRoxpanneT OTKpbITb1e yttacTial Teza,
o6myunposanne, o6ynb cnapnmenne. Flomnmo Ta6e.nb-
HbIX Inutnanaya,nbubtx, cpeAcTa 3a1U,I{TbI, MO)KHO c ycnexolm.
licttoilb3onaTt3 noApytinbte cpexicTna, Taxile, katt tiO.tioTenne,
11000BOCi 11J1aTOK, MapJ110 (11,1151 3a111,14TbI opranon Abucanns1),
6pe3enT, meuncoanny, pormy, MaTbI 113 COJI0Mb1, xambnua,
BeTOK (.11J151 3a1IIIITb1o6myrumponaunn H o6yan).
1-1To6bt na,Remee 3a111,13TIITb ce6n OT caeToBoro Imp-Te-
nn% iteo6xoAnmo yxpbmaTb o6nmenubte tiacTn Tula. Jim-
6an nperpao,a, 3aw,llw,an oT npnmoro oseilcTimin cneTa, noA-
110CTbIO nclutionaeT morn. KpyTocTii Tpanwen, noxpbrrnn
cTeubt pa3Jultnibix o6opounTe.nbubix cooppxennii, a Tame
Spoils" (TaHKOB, camoxoxibtx apTilmnepnilcmix yCTalIOBOK
11 T. ff..) pe3xo OCJ1a6J15110T 11 RencTnne nponmalow.eil
p annaunit.
HaX0)1,51Cb B o6opone, B01111b1 ,11,0J1>K11b1 3a6naronpemenno
yx.na,u,binaT5 6oenpunacbt, ropionee 11 cma3ot-mbte maTeplia,nbi,
np0,11,0B0J1bCTBIle 4)ypm B 3awnTlibte coopyncennn 11 yxpb1-
THH, B cneunaJmnbie imam Hociimun 3anac 11p0,11,0B0J1bCTBII51
;amen 6bITb 3anepnyT B 2-3 CJ1051 IIJIOTHOil 6ymarn H.1111
TKa4111.
Oco6bie mepb1 npnunmaioT AJ151 Toro, trro6bt yMeHbWHTb
3apmenne pannoaxTnstimmu BeinecTBamn xopa6e.nbilbtx no-
mentennn TeXHHI4H. ,LIAn 9Toro no cnrua.ny nuaTenbrto 3a-
ApannaloT Bce npnemnbie BbIB011,1IbIe BeHTHJ15111,1101114131e
nanbt, ace Jnoxn, HJIJII0MHIIaTOpb1, Itaepn, TOpJ10B1414b1 (nocne
aTOMHOTO B3pbma liCHOJIb3y1OT cneunanbuyio BeIITHJI5111,1110 C
mnbTpamit-nonnoncre.nsimii). Boopmenne maTepna.nbnan
tlaCTb OTKpbITb1X 60eBbIX HOCTOB npeAoxpanntoTcn c no-
MOW,b10 6pe3enTonbtx nex.non.
XapaxTep ,i1,e41CTB1471 Hoene curna.na aTomnoil Tpeaorn
onpeAeAneTcn 6oenott 3aAatiell. Tax, eun nos,pa3Ae.nenne
naxo,turrcn B nacTynnennn, To TIT-11MM C1100060M )1,61CTB1141
nocze cnrna.na 6yAeT no npnxa3y xomannnpa cTpemnTe.nb-
Itoe c6Amenne C 11p0T14BHIIKONI. 9T0 moweT npnaecyn K
TOMy, tITO 11pOTHBIIIIK oTxmeTcn OT npumenenna aTOM1101-0
opy}xnn.
Kan. ,RefICTBOBaTb npn aTOMHOM nana,aeluni, BO MHOTOM
Tame 3aBVICHT OT Toro, xax.yio 6oenylo 3aAatly BbITIOJIHneT
no,a,pa3,a,e.nenne OT,ELeJIbHbIe B01111bI. flp11 3TOM Ka}K,E1,13I11
co.nAaT ;Lomeli 31-tam, trro ,ffseilcTayn 6bIcTpo, CITOKOCIHO H
HaX011,411B0, Ori mmeT cnoeapemenno -3a1ISITb TaKoe no.no-
xcenne, xoTopoe 3natinTeAbno ymenbwirr cTenenb nopa-
)KeliHR.
He Hallo 3a6bmaTb 14 Apyroe ?3a aTOMHbIM nanaiisennem
1 1
108 09
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP8
nnt-In
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
11p0Ti1mli11ka, K3K ripaBHJIO, noututyeT ero aTaKa. nosTomy
neo6xo,twmo Becnt neocza6Hoe ita6modttemie 3a npoTHBHH-
KOM, 6bITb rOTOBbIM K 6010. C momewra BCIMIWKII aTomuoro
33pbma npuxoita yitapuoil BOJIIIb1 npoxo,n,HT 11eCK0.1113K0
ceKylw, (3pem5l nptixoga BOJIIIb1 3aBlICHT OT paccrommn .210
MecTa B3pb1Ba). 0/1.11aK0 BTO BpeNt3 1103B0J151eT 3a1151Tb 6J111-
xtailmee, naxoitHweecn B HecKo.nbmix warax yKpbrnie
y6ex:Hutd). ECJI11 B MOMeTIT B3pbI3a tie.noBeK Ila-
XOXITCH B Tpamnee HJUI oKone, TO Hymn? .nettb Ha Arlo.
B c.nytme emu B6JI11311 neT min yKpbrrim, 1111 CKJIa,a1(11 NtecT-
HOCTII, Hy>KHo zeta, ita 3eMJII0 (riany6y) BI1113, Jima
TaK, MOXia0 H36e?KaTb nopmemin mapHoil B0J111011 11.flhl 3ita-
turre.nbuo oc.na6HTb ero, a Tame ripe,aoxpaHHTb JIH110 OT
011c01-0B. KIICT11 pyK Hallo crqmrraTb 110,11 ce6n, r.na3a 3aKpbrrb,
tiTo6birtpeitoxpatmrb OT B03M0)KHOri Bpemetmoil noTepH 3pe-
HaX0A51Cb B TaHKe npu BcribuuKe aTomuoro 33pbtsa,
Hymuto 3aKpbITb, Kw( MbI yKa3bIBa,TH1 Bawe, J110K11 H )KaJII0311;
Haxoxicb B Ka6Hue BBT0M0611J151, ? OI1yCTIlTbC51 time BeTpo-
Boro CTeK.T1a, itTo6bt 1136e)KaTb nopmetuin 0CKOJIKaM11
crema H CBeT013b1M 113.nytieHHem; Haxoxicb B Ky3o3e, Hymdio
am, Ha ero ,,two, a nail .nettb Ha 4,110 HeJ1b351, TO corHyrbcn.
HaX0,[1.51Cb B 60es01i py6xe ic0pa6.nn a YBHL1B Bcnbiumy aTom-
Horo 33pbma, Hy}mto Hemeit.neHno Harnyrbcn, trro6bi 1136e-
)KaTb 0>K0r0B OT CBCTOB0r0 Hinymewin.
FloNtHmo crteunaabubtx o6opowiTe.nbubtx coopymimil,
xopoweil 3a111,11TOtil npu aTONIHbIX B3p1DIBaX moryT CJI3T11{11Tb
cambie pamni-mble yKpbruin: cKsnawm MeCTIIOCTII, KaHaBbi,
51Mb1, 6yrpbt, Hacbunt, cmparti, Bopomm OT 60M6, MHH 11 cHa-
pnuo3, TOFIlleJIII, n0ft3a.nbt npottnbtx 3,3ai1tri, pa3Hbie membie
npumeTbi H T. ./1.
Ha KopacInnx A.7151 310c1 11e.1114 rOASITC51 Kopa6e.nbtibie no-
meweimn, Haitcrporno, apTH.n.neptificKHe 6awHH, 111I1TbI, TOp-
ne,auble annapaTbi, 6opTbi na.nyobt Bbicrpo H yme.no
110.11b3y5lCb TaKHMH yKpbrrnnmH, MO)K1-10 311atIHTe.1113110 0c.n1-
613Tb BouteficTme aTomuoro B3IMI3a.
B yCJIOBINX aTOMHOri BOCHibIlKalK.11,b1f1 BOHM ,aomeH 6bITb
3apauee rOTOB K apOTHBOaTOMHOrl 3aut1re: 31IaTb, aTO Heo6-
X0,1111M0 J1JITb npH aTomHom Hanaaerm, AepkaTb B no.nuoil
HcnpaBuocTH npoTHBora3 H n.pyrHe cpe,n,crea apOTHBOXIIMII-
tiecKoff 3aW,11Tb1, ripeitoxpaHRTb OT 3apmemin paitHoaKTH3-
11bIMH BeatecT3amH opywHeH 6oeBym Texmcy. Berne 3aw.H-
THTb opyme a TexHinv OT 3apmeHm5I, item HOTOM Ae3aKT11-
Bap0BaTb 11X.
110
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Pim. 27. Yipbrrne B Tpainuee
(oHone) npn aTomHom Hapbme.
Eciu B momenT aTomHoro
Hapbma B0111-1 HaX0P,IITCR B
Tpanume uJIu ?Hone, HyA110
.flegb na 11,110.
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050007-R
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Pac. 27A. YKpbrrae 3a TaaKom npa aTOMIIONI
B3p13113e.
Pac. 276. YKpb1TIle B 130p0HICC npa
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aTom110:st B3p13113C.
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BC B no,a6pycraep-
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Tamnouom, HOCOBbINI n.naTKom H.T114 Apyroll LIHCTOri BJIVKI1Ori
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TupaTb 0TKpb1TbIe piaci-Ku Te.na B 0,II,HOM HanpaBoemui.
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liacTuquoil canwrapnoil o6pa6oTKe B 3apmennom pailoue
pa.anoawrinnibie BeutecTua yo,a,runoTcn TOJIbK0 C OTKpbITbIX
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naxon,Fnunxcn B 3apaxcennom pailone, 6e3 pa3pemennu
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OTKpb1TbIe placTKI1 Teaa c.nenyeT npoTepeTb Tamnouamit,
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cyxtimu.
npn 3apa11Kennu pamloaKTiummimn Bew,ecTBamu no.nuasi
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lipompaTb oppme c.ne,u,yer cBepxy B11113, Ka?Kabift pa3
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pa6oTaTb TaKiim o6pa3om nonepxnocm 1-IeCKOJIbK0 pa3, npn
,7rom Kaw,n,bni pa 3aMeli5lTb IT513Hblii Tamnou
121
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Cop A
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proved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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aonaunem awromo6unbuott Aeraaaguonuoil maiununt; a ? narman Ae3-
auTuaagnu Taitua c ucrtoannonannem aaropaauunonuofi ctainum.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Cop
rpsimbie Tamnonbi nymo abi6pacbmaTb B 3apanee noAro-
Tomennbal poauK. gacTn oppuuu BAH TeXHI1I01, noicpbabie
cma3Koii, neokommo npomparb Tamnonamn, cmotleaummu
B 6eu31111e (Kepocnue). ECJI14 oeu3nua (Kepocnua) neT, npu-
110 npoTepeTb BTU mecTa cyxoft BeTOWb10. OKORLIHB Re3aKTu-
Baum, c.aeilyeT nacyxo npoTepeTb opywne H 6oeaylo Tex-
nwcy tilICTOCI BeT011.1b10 BAH nameii n npu neo6xo11.umocT14
cma3aTb. Eca 1,051 11,e3a1miaaunu ()ppm' Bub! IIJIH 6e11-
311ua u Kepocuna Her, nyxuto nporepeTb ero 3-4 pa3a cyxoil
uncTort BeTOWbIO UJILI name!.
Hams' A.e3aKTuaauttu oppuuu u 6oeaoil TexnuKu mo?KeT
6b1Tb npon3auella, nanpumep, TaKI4M11 cnoco6amu: cmblaa-
'mem pa,a110BICTIIBliblX BeWeCTB cpyen B0,1Ab1 (puc. 33); CMI31-
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o6istylixtpouattitn; 1 3 npaBoii ttacnt pitcytno ? o6nipaInte cliapmemisi
it o6myitimtponaintst wryTamit 113 cena mut TpaBbi.
Bannem paAnoaKTneabix BeatecTa ao,wil apt ozwoapemeti-
110M npoTnpaunn noaepxaocTu weTKamu, BeTOWb10 UJIH naK-
,nell; nporupanuem w.eTKamn, 1dHCT5IM11, Tamnotiamu, cmoueu-
HbIMII B BOAe; npombiaannem AeTa.nefi B 6en3ime HAM Kepo-
cuue. 3uMo1 no.nnau Ae3aitTnaauu5 oppicusi H 6oesoil Tex-
11111{11 mo)KeT npoil3B0,01,14TbC51 npoTupannem 14X BeTOW1240
flamer'', cmoueunoil B 6efi3Bue, Kepocuue Ham B Ne3amep3a-
IOLU,HX. pacTaopax.
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H I111,0,11BHAyaJIblibIX cpeacTa npoTai3oxumuuecKoft ? 3B1IIII1131
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T14B110fl IlblJfl1 (pile. 34). Bepxmoio opsew_xi,y .B.J151 11,e3aKTuaa-
123
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lull! iiy1cuo CIIHTb. 3Hmori o6myKanponainie, cHapmeinte Ii
o6yBb MO)KHO ,ae3aKTImpoBaTb He3apa)KeHnbIM cHerom.
ECJIII nonepx o6myHaup0BaHHH 6buia HaaeTa 3auttrrita5I
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lionHaB ,ae3alcrimatt11 o6mynimpoBaHHH 3a1c.ruogaeTcH B
onipKe turn TalaTeJlbHOM Bbnconaunnamut ero B TetleitHe
10-15 MIIIIyT, a cpe,acTB npOTHBOXHMHT-IeCKOff
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cTeil cae,ayer 11e3aKTIIBupoBaTb, He HapytuaH macKHpoBKII.
Hymo cpe3aTb 3-4 canumerpa rpyHTa c 5epmbl H oT6po-
CHTb ero 3a 6pycTBep, o6meTaTb KpyrocTH oKona (Tpatuneu)
BJIMHOci memoil HJIII BJ1aKHbIMII )KryTamn 113 COJI0Mbl,
TpaBbI. 3aTe1 cneityer CHRTb 3-4 caHTHmeTpa rpywra co
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nOMIIMO yKa3amtbtx cpe,acTB o5pa6oTKH 3apa)Kemtbix
npeameToB, B OT1LeJlbHbiX c.nyttasix MO)KHO 3apawennbie
npe,ameTm u,e.rlliKom 3apbmaTb roy5oKo B 3eMJII0 Hall )Ke
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aKTHBllbdi pacnaA ue CH13311T OCTaTOHHy10 ? pa,allau,Puo ,ao
5e3onacHoti BeJIIIHNlibI.
Ha,a0 3aMeTHTb, tITO yttenbie (no AaHHbIM IIIIOCTpaHHOfi
neltaTH) pa6oTalor B HacToHutee Bpemst Haji, HOBbIMH THnamIl
3autHTI-Ibix ycTponcTB H X0p0IIIIIX MOIOW,IIX cpeAcTB ;Lim y,rita-
aeHHH c Ko}KH, o,aeKam H ,o,pyritx maTepHamB pa,aHoaKTHB-
HbIX macTuu. Pa3pa6aTbmaioTcsi mime Haikemmbie cnocoad
otincTiut Bo31lyxa, 3apmemioro pa130aKTHBHbIMH Bente-
cTsamit.
ATOMHbIfi B3pbIB 3apamcaeT MeCTHOCTb pa,aH0aKTIIBHbIMII
BeutecTsamH. /viecTitocTb, 3apawein1ast pa2utoaKTHImbimit
utecTsamn, ,aocTyruia Ansi 60eBbIX ,aefiCTBHPI. HO Been! 6off
Ha Taxa MeCTHOCTH 3HatIVITeJIbH0 Tpy,aHee. BbIllOJIHHH 6oe-
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pamteHHH Ha MeCTHOCTII pamoawrHembima BellteCTBaMIL no-
9Tomy AeficTBHH Ha 3apaweIntort MeCTHOCTII Tpe6poT OT BOIL-
HOB co6.ruoAeHH5I ps,aa npaBu.n. Tai, Hanplusiep, He cae,ayeT
6e3 Ha11,06HOCTII 6paTb HHKaKIIX nocTopoHninc npeAmeToB 11
He ripuKacaTbot K huM, JIONCHTbCA MJIM Ca,11,14TbCA uta 3apa-
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125
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
npeoxtomenaloTcH B nponmoraae, 3a1g1ITHOri Haman
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3011bI aapa)KeHHH, o6o31-Iagermbie Ha memo= npeitynpe-
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110J1 110i1 mepe, HaCKOJIbK0 1103130J1HeT o6cTattonica, HCII011b30-
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liMe cTenemi 3apmeling Bc.neacTpme camonpon3Boablioro
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aapa:KeHHom yqacTKe H npexioTapautenHe Honam,anun paorvo-
aKTHBHbIX BewecTa Ha Komcy H anyTpb oprannama.
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126
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c.nytlanx 6oeabte AelIcTaHH Ha pa,twoaKTHauo aapmeHHoil
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ucnonb3yeTcn nattnoa-no,ugritn. B nepxnert nacTit pitcytuta noxa3atto
onanbinainte ua napamentiort mecTnocnt c ncno.m300aintem no,ncTitna.
"1,0J1r Ka>K11,0r0 COBeTCK0r0 BOHHa ? xopoino 3HaTb ace
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Toaapaw,y. B01111 ,ROJI)KeH 1101?1 11 11Tb, TO B yCJI0B1151X
aTOMH0r0 Hana,u,emisi 6bicnbie, plume Aeilmilst Hmexyr
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HOCJIHBOCTb, ymeHme JI,erICTI30BaTb 6bICTp0 H HeTKO. OTBM-
HOMY H ymenomy Bowiy, xopowo 3Haiow,emy, Hai( AefIcTao-
BaTb npH aTOMHOM Hana,aeHHH, aTomuoe opymthe He cTpaamo.
KaK AeficTaosaTb B yCJI0B1451X npHmeHemis aTomuoro
opywnsi? OCHOBHaH 06513aH1-IOCTb coaeTcKoro aoknia?ycnem-
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Hoe Bbmwmemie 6oeBoil 3mauti. 4To6bi ycneumo
6oeByio 3auagy B yC.110BINX npintenetum aTomHoro
?ppm, HyKIIO HOCTOHHHO 1112105IBJISITb B 6oio myxcecTBo,
HaCTOcit1HBOCTb, Bbiaepicxy, pa3ymHyio timmuaTiwy ii cme-
Ka.rucy. C.nuyeT 'memo 31IaTb ciiriiai aTomnoil Tpenorn H
nopuoic ,aeficTmal no nemy, yme.no BeCTH 6011 Ii04.13I0 II B
yCJIOBIISIX 11.110X0r1 Hymio 6bicTpo BO3BOAIITb H
yme.no IICTIOJIb30BaTb AJI51 3a11114TbI ce6H, cBoero oppicusi ii
6oeBofi Textnixii cpopTiulmicautionitbie coopymceHHH, 110-
CTOSIH110 coBepwelicTBoBaTb Hx, a Tann yme.no IICTIOJI1330-
BaTb 3auu1rtibie C1301ACTBa MeCTHOCT11. He06X0,a1INIO yMeTb
Ty11111Tb no>icapm, OKa3bIBaTb TIOMOW,13 nocTpaRainuum H ce6e,
6bicTpo BOCCTaHaBJ111BaTb coopy>Keium,
11p0B0J111Tb caiiirrapHylo o6pa6oTicy, ,ae3aKTHBaumo; 113yt111Tb
cpeacTBa H C110C06bI o6Happicemisi pa,anoaKTHBribix Bew,ecTB.
C.ne,ayeT yMCTb 110J1b30BaTbC51 1111,11,1113I1,11yanbHb1M11 cpe,acTBamii
npoTHBoxiimmeckori 3a114I1Tb1 H ReilCTI3OBaTb B MIX JLTIIITeJlb-
Hoe Bpemsi, coAepicaTb LIX B HcripaBHocT11; rya OTCyTCTBITH
Ta6e.nbHbix cpeAcTB yme.no 11C110J1b30BaTb noiwyglibie cpe,a-
cma; ymano drIgi1CTBOBaTb Ha MeCTHOCTII, Ha nany6e H B HO-
Kopa6.11H, 3apa)KeHHbix mule-
CTBaM13. Hp1C110 HOCTOHHHO 3a6OTHTbCH 0 npeltoxpaiietimi
csoero oppicitH H Texium, HocHmoro panaca npo,ttoBo.nb-
CTB1151, BOAbI H J114141-1bIX Betueil OT aapamcemisi pa2uHoaKTHB-
Ilb1M11 BetuecTsamit, cTporo co6.nio,aaTb cantrrapito-rmiemi-
gemie npamna.
TaKOBbI OCO6eHHOCTII 60eBbIX AetICTBIlr1 B yCJI0B1151X npii-
meHemm aTomHoro oppicHH. HoBoe oppithe camo no ce6e
He peumeT itcxo,aa 6oH. Ycnex B 6010 6yzteT AOCTI4TaTbCH
yme.nbim iicnoob3oBait1em Bcex HmeioutHxcH iia Boopyxcemm
cpeacTB, B TOM tnic.ne orHeBbix cpe,acTB nexoTbi, TalIKOB,
apTH,n.nepHH ii aBHawm. Flpti nptimeHeHim aTomitoro opy)Kim
yBeiuriliBaeTcH HanpmeHHocTb 6oeBbix LIeilcTBilii. B 9THX
yCJI0131151X OT KaHcaoro Botma 6o.nbuie, gem 1Corua-AH6o, Tpe-
6yIOTCH OTAIPIHa51 Bblygica, Bbutermaca, CTOrIKOCTb, )Keonttasi
BOIIHCKaR AIIC141111.11111Ia it HenpeK.nomiaH BOAR K no6eAe HaA,
Bparom. Kamie 6bi TpwwocTH H14 B031111KaJ114 B 6010 B C1351314
C nplimeHemiem HOBbIX B13,11,0B opymcim, Hy)KHO 110M1111Tb 0
csoem oare nepeA commalicTimecKon Pommon H oTAaBaTia
Bce CI1J1b1 AAR ycnewHoro Bb1110J1IieH1151 6oeBbix 3auati.
ATomHoe oppicHe onacHoe oppicHe maccoBoro ymigTo-
N(eHHH. Ho ?He Tax crpaweH gepT, icaic ero maJnolom. ATOM
-
time 6om6bi npessita3HageHbi Ja.nsi yeTpaweHHH c.na6ollepBHbix.
128
oini He moryr pewwrb CyAb6bt B011bI. Boemiasi Texmuca,
RaNce caman 344eKT1IBHas, cama no ce6e He moNceT ,11,0-
611TbC51 no6e,abi. Hcxos, Boopyxcemioil 6opb6bi H B 6y,ELYLIII1X
Bormax 6yayr peutaTb Amu, B coBepweHme B.na,aeloutHe
6oeBoil TexHnKoft, Bepsw,He B npaBoTy ue.neci BOHlIbl, r.ny-
6oxo npeitaimbie cBoemy ripaBuTe.nbcny II Bcema TOTOBble
OTCTOSITb Hirrepecbi cBoero HapoAa.
3ailaga B011110B COCTOHT B TOM, IITO6b1 X0p0W0 031IaKO?
1411TbC51 C 60eBbIMII C13011CTBaMII aTomHoro opy)kmi ti
na-
tlHTbC1 11,efiCTBOBaTb B yCJI0B1I2X ero npvimelleHim.
3a none/mite r0Abl B Haumx cyxonymbix BoilcKax,
aaiia-
uiii' it Ha cp.noTe npoBeAeHa 6o.nbwaH pa6oTa no o6y4emno
130cICK iicicycmy Be,n,eium 6oeBbix daeficTmul B yCJ1013115LX npil-
metieHmi aTomitoro oppicusi H Apyrllx HOBbIX cpe,acTB
6opb6bi. Coe,tumetum 11 iCTH Bcex B11,14,0B Boopy>kemibix
Ciii no.nygn,nii Heo6xo,at4mpo npaKTIIKy B peweluut 6oeBbix
3aAatl B CJIONCH0r1 Ha3emHoil, B03,11,y111HOil II mopcicoil o6cTa-
noBice.
Boikopopman 14 Ko6aabTonan 6om6bi
flo cnx nop MbI roBopn.rm o6 aTommoil 3Heprim, no.nytiae-
moil 113 T51)KeJlbIX 51,Rep nyTem MX ,ae.neHtiz. Ho e,aiiHcTBeH-
Hbal J111 9T0 nyTb? HeJ1b3S1 J111 no.nygaTb aTOMHy10 3Heprino
ApyruNi cnoco6om, COULHHH51 aermie aTOMHble HApa B 6o.nee
TH}Ke.nbte? Momio.
aTOT cnoco6 no.nygemm aTomHoil-3Heprilli iincnoob-
3yeTcH B Bo,aopo,aHoci (H.rm TepmosLaepHoll) 6om6e. Talcum
o6pa3om, no cymecTBy BoLtopo,aHaH 6om6a ? 3T0 Tame
aTomHasi 6om6a, TOJIbK0 coricem Apyroro THria. B3pbIB aTom-
HOri 60M6bI ?9TO mrHoBeHHoe ejieiie Tymce.nbix. aTOMHbIX
51,aep ypana 233, ypana 235 Han nnyTonun 239, npn KoTopom
ebtReaneTcn 60J1bI110e KOJIlltleCTBO aTomHoci sHeprtm, a B3pbIB
B0,11,0p0,11,HO1'i 601vI6b1? 3TO coeanienne AerKnx aTOMHbIX st,aep
B 6oaee Tsmenbie, npn KoTopom Tame nbi,ae.nReTcn 6onb-
Luoe Koantiecreo aTomnoil 3neprnn. SI,Replibte peaKunn no-
,Ro6noro Tnna Ha3b1BalOTC51 TepmouepHbimu peaxuusimit (oT
rpegecitoro CJI0Ba KHa 11MeTb BHyTint CBOeri o6o.notnot Tame aTom-
nyto 6om6y, xoTopan BbMOJIHReT 311eCb p0J1b Kancianti-HeToHa-
Topa. B3pb1Ba5lCb, oHa ?noanatraer? BoitopoitHoe ?roptogee?.
Flo RaHnbrm HHocTpaHHoci negaTH, B xagecTBe 3apsula
utepHoro BB B 6om6e Hen0JIb3yeTcH 13 uacToHwee BpemH
cmecb AefiTeplin c TpHTHem, 3aKJHotteHna1 B iieii B oT,Re.nb-
Hyto n.noTHylo o6anoincy, U,upome Toro, ewe arum RertTepHrt,
npngem RefiTepitti B 60M6e 60,nbule, gem TpliTI In. ,apyrIIMII
c.noBamn, Boitopoz,Hati 6omoa ?3TO KaK 6b1 yeTpoticTso 113
Tpex palturgHbix 6om6: oztHa 6om6a ? ?3mnra.nKa? ypa-
HOBaH Hall mnyToHneBaH, Apyran ? TpitTueBo-?aeliTepHeBati 11
TpeTbst, B KoTopoil nomewelibt nepBble ,u,Be 6omobt, ? Haim-
tieHHaH aeilTepnem.
Taxoti ripithwin yeTpoilcTBa BoitopoRHoil 6om6bt o6-bstc-
1THeTcH c.neaylonulm. LletiTepHil CTOHT ropawto aeutea.ne Tpil-
T1151; 0H BX0/1.11T B COCTaB 06binflOri BORN, 113 KoTopoil ero
C flOMOlijbIO.3..neKTpHnecKoro ToKa. an,HaKo 1iC1-10J1b-
30BaTb B 6om6e B KagecTse ST,RepHoro BB oluni aeciTepHil,
no-Btonmomy, ?ne.nb3H. KaK yKasbma.nocb B 3apy6ewHoil ne-
gaTH, Hcc.neaoBaHHH noKa3a.nn, tiTO rim,' Tort TemnepaType,
KoTopylo z.aeT B3pbIB aTOMHOci 60m6bi, 3aKJI1OtieHHoci B BO-
RopoJJ.Hoil 6om6e, TepmotmepHaH peaKuHH H,aeT .nHutb menuty
AeliTepHem ii TpHTHem. 0JI,HaK0 Hal-INT-111Tb BC10 Boaopo,rmyto
6om6y 3TOri cmecblo HemeJlaTenbito. atula 113 ripinuni 3aKJI10-
naeTcn B TOM, L1To, Kw( y>ce r0B0p11.110Cb, TpHTH11 ogeHbAopor
no cpasHemno c aeiiTepnem.
C 11pyroi CTOpOlibi, 6bIJI0 yeTanomeno, LITO Tepmosmep-
Hag peaKuHR meKny IterrrepHem H TpHTHem aaeT 66.nbutyio
TemnepaTypy, gem B3pb113 06bi4H011 aTomtioil 6om6b1. FlpH
aTOM yKe Boamonula H TepmontepHaH peaKuHR mewly
slapamil aefiTepHH.
BOT KaK mo}KeT npoTeKaTb B3pbIB BuopottHoti 6om6b1:
aTomHatt 6om6a, B30pBaBLUHCb, noBbnuaeT B 060.nogKe Tem-
nepaTypy H gameHHe HacTo.nbKo, 'no HatumaeTcH Tepmo-
HaepHast peaKukul meKay..tteilTepHem H TpHTHem. 3HeprHH,
BbI11earifiKal.1,45(Qg opt 3TOH peaxusiix B3p131Be,. n0BuluaeTs
134
TemnepaTypy 11 Aametute B Buopofi,Hoct 6om6e ewe 60.nbuie,
? Toraa nagnHaeTcH Tepmosiii,epHaH peatcwin Ha onutom
11e11-
TepHil. ,apyriont CJI0BaMH, cocTaBiibte gacTH Boztopoz.Hoil
6om6b1 no,apbmaloT ()ma Apyrylo. Bce 13TH npoueccbt npoTe-
acwoT Apyr 3a Apyrom 3a ;KpatlHe ungToudioe Bpemg. 11pn
Tanom yCTpOrICTBe BOJI,Op0.11110i1 60M6bI pacxuyeTcH Anil%
He6o.nbuioe ,KOJIlltieCTBO poporocTonwero Tp11111111.
B ovingne oT TH)Ke.noro smepHoro ?ropiogero? Tuna
YPalla 235, Boaopo,u,Hoe smepHoe ?roplogee? He HmeeT KpH-
THgecKoft maccm: ero mondlo 6paTb B Juo6om Ko.nngecTBe Ii
yBeJIIIIII1BaTb Tem cambim ewe 6anbute catty B3pbIBa Oco-
uetmo, emit Boaopo,anoe ?roptogee? ycneeT ?cropeTb?,
npexme gem pa3pywnTc1 060,7101nm 6om6b1). flo3Tomy mom-
HOCTb Bonopoitnbtx 60m6 mo)KeT BO mHoro pa 3 npeBocxo-
AHTb MOLHHOCTb 06bI4fIbIX aTOMHbIX. 9To C135:13aHO C Tem, gTo
B BOR0p0A11011 6om6e, no-Bniunuomy, ycneEtaeT BcTyrmTi; B
peaKumo 6o.nbwe smepitoro BB, neM B 06bInHOil aTomHoil
6om6e. OitHaKo npaKTHgecKH co3,aauHe TaKHX ce.epxmoia-
libtX 60m6 CB513a110 C orpomummx TemingecKHmti Tpy,n,Ho-
CTHMH.
TpOTHJIOBblfi 9KB11BaJieHT cospemeHHoil ceepxmow,Hoti
TepmosulepHoft (BoThopon,Hort) 6om6b1 AocTHraeT 20 1?11111J111
HOB TOIIII. B 3apy6endiort nettaTH ycn.nenHo 06cymtaaeTcH
Bonpoc 0 TOM, KaK mo}KeT 6bITb aocTHrHyTa CTOJib rpomalt-
Hatt MOIHHOCTb B3pbIBa. BbICKa3biBaeTCSI npeananmeHne, tiTO
B cBepxmouthoil Boztopon,Hoil 6om6e npoHcxot3,1'IT cHagana
npouecc Re.neinto H,nep ypana 235 H.nil n.nyToHHH 239, 3aTem
peatuaut cHHTe3a (TepmoHnepHaH peaKum) II cHoBa npo-
uecc ike.neuHR Haep, HO yuce ypana 238. IlepBaH peaKuHH /Ise-
.newtH Hztep noBbnuaeT TemnepaTypy 110 TaKoft cTeneHH,
uoraa BO3M0>K110 Hagazo TepmosAepHoil peaKunn cHHTe3a
Hilep HeriTepHH FlpH TepmousepHon peaKumn noHB-
.nseTcH noToK 6b1cTpo ,TieT51W,11X lie1ITp0H0B, HoTo-
pue cnoco6Hbi Bb13BaTb paculenneHne o6bigHo He osemnunxcH
stnep ypatia 238. H3 aToro CpaBHIirreJ1bH0 Aemesoro H 111H-
poKo pacnpocTpaHeHHoro it3oTona ypaHa zte.naeTcH cneuHa.nb-
Hatt o60.n04;Ka BoKpyr Boz.oponnoil 6om6b1.
Kpome T51>KeJ1b1X 1430T0110B BoAopo,aa, B BO.a0p021.110ri
6om6e mmeT 6bITb Hcno.nb3oBaHa B KagecTBe 3ap5111a sutep-
Horo BB cmecb 11.1111 xtimmiecKHe coeiumeHug ,LiefiTepH51 11
.nerKoro anemeHTa ?JIHT1151. TepmosulepHast peaKuHH mexo,y
HApamn 3TI1X aJtemeHToe, npI1B011HT Tame K 06pa3oBaffino
reJtInt H RaeT B3pbIB 60J1b111 Oil M0111.110CT11.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
135-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
OcymecT3HTb TepmouepHylo pealdvio mem{ity aTOMamil
.apyrHx xHmHgecxxx anemenTon 3HagHTe.nbHo Tpy,RHee. Kax
ye TOB0pHJI0Cb, Suva 1330TOTIOB noilopoJia o6.naLtaloT naH-
MeHbWHM 3.nexTpHgecxHm 3apuom. 3apnA nitpa y 3TOMOB
Apyrnx 3.nemeHT03 6o.nbwe, gem 3apno, nxi.ep AeilTepHn, Tpn-
TH51JuilT IHTHH, a 3T0 HMT ogenb cymecTnenHoe 3HageHHe:
gem 6o.nbuie 3.nexTpHgecludi 3ap5I,Lt sulep, Tem 6o.nbwe noTpe-
6yeTc5l 3Heprini Ann npeo,ao.nenHn ,n,eficT3poutHx meKay
IIHMH anexTpHgecnix CHJI OTTaJIKI1BaIIHH.
,apyrrimll c.noBamH, lJJII ocymecTs.neHnn TepmouepHoil
peaxu,HH me>my aTOMaMH 6o.nee TH)KeJIbIX anemeirron Heo6-
XOAHMbI elite 6o.nee BbICOKHe Temnep3Typbt H ,nasneHHe, gem
LLJIH H30T0110B BO1L0p0Aa. TaK, Hanpnmep, AJIH Toro gTo6b1
npeoianeTb CIIJIbI orrammBanun mmity nftpamH xHc.nopoAa,
3apn,r1 KOTOpbIX, xax Mb! yxce 3Haem, no Be.nniiHHe B BOCeMb
pa 3 6o.nbaie 3apsr,aa BoAopolutbix sui.ep, Heo6xoxima Taxan
xHHeTHgecxan 3Hepriin, xoTopypo supaKHCJIOROAa moryT
npno6pecTH npH TemnepaType, Aocntraloateil Aecscricon mii.n-
xliapiton rpa,nycon! BOT nogemy HmeHrio no,Ropofi; H JIHTHR, a
He ApyrHe, 6o.nee Tsme.nbie 3.nemenTbt c.ny)xar nRepHbim BB
TepmonuepHoti 6om6e.
flopammoin,HmH (1)axTopamit B3pbIBa BoiLopoilHoil 6om61,1,
K1( H B3pb1Ba 06b1t1110rI aTOMII0r1 60M6bI,HB,TIHIOTCH yAapnasi
BanHa, cseTonoe H3.nygem1e, npofancaioui,an pa,n,HauHn H
paLt1oaxTm31!oe 3apa)KeHHe MeCTHOCTII H no3,ayxa, HO OHH
npOSIBJIHIOTCH B 31IatIHTeJlbH0 66,1113IMIX pa3mepax. TpOTHJIO-
BbIll 3KBHBaJIeHT TepmouepHoro B3pbIBa mmeT flocan
AeCHTKOB MHJIJIHOHOB TOHH, tITO BO mnoro pa 3 ripeBbnuaeT
cHay B3pbIBa ypaHonoil.HJIH ILVTOHIIeB011 6om6br.
awe ,neticTnHe yaapHoil BOJIHbI, cneToBoro Hmygemin, npo-
HHxamateil paAHauHu H pa,n,HoaxTH3Horo 3apmeH1151 mecTHo-
CTII H nowlyxa npH B3pEIBe TaK0171 B0A0p0AHO1i 60M6bI 1303-
MO)KFIbI Ha 6o.nee 3HagHTeabHo1 paccTonHHH, gem aTomnoll.
1-IaA0 OTMeTHTb Taxxce, gTo npH B3pbIBe 6om6br, cHapn-
)xeHHoil H3OTOrIaMH no.n.opo.n.a, CHJIbH0 yne.nwninaeTcn onac-
HOCTb nopmeliHn ocTaTomfulmH pa)1,110aKT13BHbIMH Bein,e-
CTBaMH. 3T0 CBH3aHO C Tem, tITO B3pbIB BO1L0p0AHOci 60m6b1
poKaaer ropa3ito 6o.nee MOLIklibIe TIOTOKH HeilTp0H0B, gem
B3pbIB aTOMHOCI 6om6br. Hecrrpolmoe H3.ny4eHHe AeaaeT
paAHOaKTHBHbIMH oxpy)Kalow,He BemecT3a. MaCCbI TaKHX:
neulecTn yHOCSITCSI BmecTe c o6,naxom, o6pa3pouutmc5r
noc.ne B3pbIj33, H 3aTem, oceaan Ha 3eMJII0, 3apa>xatoT mecT-
HOCTb Ha 3HatIHTeabH01,1 IIJIOLLWAH.
136
CpeAH Apyria BHAOB aTOMIIbIX 60M6 B negaTH coo6w.a-
X0Cb 0 Tax Ha3b1Baemort o 6 a a bTOB0171 6 o m 6e. LITO
oua co6oPi npeAcTas.nneT?
npH B3pbIBe aTomHoil 6om6u o6pa3yeTc1 NIHOCO pun-
aKTHBHbIX neulecT3, npe,u,Ho AeticTnylow.ux Ha NCHBbIe Opra-
H113MbI. np0A0JDKIITeJlbHOCTb Bpefl,Horo AeficTsHn y pa3Hbix
pa,n.HoaxTH3Hbix Bew,ecT3 painHtma: y OAIIIIX oHa He npeBbi-
LuaeT Hecxo.nbxo mimyT, y Apyrax nopmalowge AeiicT3He
AJIHTCH HeCKOJIbK0 gaco3, a eCTb H TaKne paimoaxTHEmbie
BentecT3a, xoTopue onacHN menosexa HeCKOJIbK0 mecn-
uen H JleT. K tHICJIy TaKHX, AOJITO)K14ByLIHIX paAHOaKTIIBHbIX
neutecT3 OTHOCIITCH H30T011 K063.TIbTa C aTOMHbIM Becom 60,
o6.na,Ra1on1fici B 320 pa 3 membunim nepHcaom no.nypacnaLta,
gem paxinil.
ECJIH y aTomHoCi IIJIM TepmontepHoil 6om6b1 clte.naTb
o6o.nogxy c npHmecbio 113 3TOTO meTaxna, TO npH Bapbme OT
13O3AeCICTBIIH HeirrpoHnoro H3JIytleIIH5i o6pa3yeTcn MHOTO
pa/moaxTHEmoil flbTJIH, cocTonuaeii 133 aTOMOB CTOrIKOr0
paamaxTinmoro H3oTo11a xo6a.nbTa. FlepHoA nanypacnaLia
3THX aTOMOB paneH npHmepHo 5 roitam, H HX paA1oH3.ny-
geHHe mmeT Haoso.nro oTpanHTb petal!, re BbmaAeT sTa
paaHoaxTHBHan THDIJIb. Taxyto 6om6y ii lIa3bIBalOT KO6aJIb-
TOB011.
Flo Taxomy )xe ripmainy MO)KII0 CO3AaTb ?u,e3HeBylo?
HJIH, Hanpumep, aTomHble 6om6bi. Kai( ue3H11,
TaK H uirn o6pa3yeT npH B3pbIBe aTomHoil 6om6m Ro.nroxm-
nyw,He onacHme Juin MUi3HII paoRHoaxTuBHble 1430TO11bI. 9TH
60M6bI, co,aepwautHe nepetiHcaeHHbie }mune xHmHgecxne
3JIaMeFITH, He SIBJI1IIOTC5I 60M6aMII C HOBbIM B1&ILOM mepnoro
?ropiogero?, H6o KO6aJIbT, UHHK. II,e3H1 He moryT CJIMHTb
5-Lupin:am KU 6b1Tb 311atinTeAbrio ycHAetra. B coo6w.emill TACC OT
27 110516p5I 1955 ro,aa yKa3bina.nocb, HT? B COOTBeTCTBIIH C
nAaHom Haytmo-Hcc.ne.aonaTeAbcKnx axcneptimeHTanbHbrx
pa6oT B o6oacTri aTomHoil Biteprmi B COBeTCKOM Coto3e
6b11n nponeaeHbr ncnbiTannH Hosbrx THTIOB aTomHoro
TepmouepHoro (no,aopoxioro) opy)KHH. MCrIbITaIIHR 110J1I10-
CTb10 onpatutaAn cooTneTcTnyrow.He Haytmo-TexmittecKHe
pacHeTbr, noKa3an Baxcubte, HOBbIe A0CTII)KeHH51 COBeTCKIIX
ytieHbrx H nimetrepon. B3p131B 'rawer no,aopoitHoil 60M6131
B 1955 roily, c6poweHHoil c camo.neTa, 6bia cambtm moinHbim
143 ncex B3pb1BOB, riponueuribrx ,ao ciix flop. B ue.nsix npe,a-
oTnpautermir paaHoaKTHHHbix BO3Rei1CTBlir1 B3pbIB 6b1.11 npo-
H3neaeH na 6oAbwoil BbICOTe. npli BIWA FIpOBOAHJIIICb wH-
porme Hcc.ne,aosaHHH no sonpocam aani,HTBI Ato,tteil.
Haanitne B COBeTCKOM Coro3e aTomHoro H noltopgaHoro
opy?KHo ew,e 6o.nee yKpennHeT ero o6opoHocnoco6HocTb,
TiopuwaeT p0J1b COBeTC10F0 rocy,aapeTsa B ero 6opb6e 3a
TAIT BO ncem mitpe.
lieKoTopbte HpOTHBIIIIKH pa3opy?KeH1-i5I B 3anumbix cTpa-
rtax IICX0J151T 113 J10)KHOCI npe,arrocuAKH, 6y,aT0 6bI OHII pac-
nonararoT KaKHm-To ripenocxo,acTsom B aTOMHOM H Tepmo-
H,aepHom opymm H trro nosTomy-,ae pa3opy)KaTbcH HM He-
BbIr0A110. ConeTcrmii Hapo,a npeRocTeperaa H npurocTepe-
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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143
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Ap roved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
175
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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K06a1IbT 60 ?11 neKoTopme ,upyrtie snemeliTbi. 14M11 MO)K110
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iteTa.nb nomemaeTcH Me11C,Ry FICTOHIIIIKONI paitHoHanytiemin H
cpoTonzeHKoti. Famma-nytm, npoxoxi gepea meTa.n.n, nor.no-
lualoTcH e meHbuleti creneHn B TeX mecTax, Tkte IlMeIOTCSI
1137CTOTb1 H Tpeatimbi. 3T0 OCTaBJISTeT CB011 CJIe,a Ha mneHxe.
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176
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plia), B KoTopom noit ReilcTBHem ramma-Hinynemin B031111-
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tiecnict TOK.
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NlaTlitleCICHNI yuponcTBom, MONCHO nomepmcnBaTb antamiyio
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namepeline H perymipoBaHHe Tanw,HHbi 113,Renail npli I4X
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HOCTII AJISI HaHecelltin paBitomepHoro upon Kpacicit Ha TKaHb.
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JIyHaM11, TO B 3aBHCHMOCTII OT TOJI1111411b1 110BepXHOCTHOTO
177
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
CJ1011 noKpuTHst H32Je.114151 IIHTCHCHBHOCTb oTpaxcefum H pac-
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1103BOJISTeT BeCTII Henpepbumbul 6eCKOHTaKTHbIii KOHTpailb
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curnamtampylow,ee 0 TOM, TO orHeynopHasi KJIa,L[Ka BHyTpu
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maccbr, 1140}KH0 KK 6b! cpanwsam HX B OFI0 ue.noe. STO
oncpbumeT oneHb 6o.nbunte Bo3mompocTH .a.ns! CO3AaHH5I 3a-
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180
? --;-t-orifjsk
-
?
c,-,i+i704-1r.nnv Approved for Release 2013/07/30 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy A proved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
fiptimepoH. tITo6b1 malleable npo,itykTbi nonr0 lie HOPTHJIHCb,
HX CTepliJIH3y10T, TO eCTb o6e33apanutHaioT, youHas mktKpo-
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sepmenTea; OH _He Bcer.ua 6bmaeT ycneamblm.
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182
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0130111,11, 51r0,11b1 11 cppyKTbi. 9TH 011bITb1 110Ka3bIBalOT, HTO
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01IbITM C o6nyseHHem B none KyKypy3bi paaioaKTHHumm
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183
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy A. proved for Release 2013/07/30 ? CIA-RDP81 01043R0077nnnqnnn9 A
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
MettaT pa,aHoaRTHBHIAM 1100A1. HexoTopbte exopoTxonalsy?
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Cop Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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pacTeHHH oTmegaeTcn paamaxTH3Hoe H3,nyHeHHe.
-3T0T 4)axT HmeeT Hema,nosammoe npaxTH4ecxoe 3Hage-
HHe. Tenepb npH noHcxax Aymumx cnoco6o3 xopHeBoro nH-
Tamm ytmTbinaroT, 4To pacTeHHe no.nytmeT Heo6xoxwmyro
emy ynnexannoTy C ,a13yX KOHHOB ? 14epe JII4CTbSI H gepe3
192
/1:177
KopHH. Tax oTxpboatoTcH HOBbIe nyTH K HOBbIllleHHIO yp0-
?Kai:1110CM.
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6e.nxH.
Bcem 143BeCTHO, xaxoe 3Hatietwe ,11,J151 noBbnueiwn ypo-
)KailHocTH HmeeT Haytwo npammbHoe y,ao6peHHe notmbt.
Kor,aa B KaKHX czytlaRx Bllecelmoe B notmy yao6peHHe
6y,aeT ycBoeHo pacTeHHem .nytiwe Bcero? KaKHe y.ao6peuHR
.nytme Bcero npnmeHRTb .a.us nmeHHubi, Ann KapTotienR,
AAR ityKypy3bi? MeKeHme aTOMbl oTBetiwor Ha 9TH Baxwbie
AAR CeJlbCK0X0301CTBeHHOci npaKTHKH B011p0Cbl C 60J1bWOR
TO141IOCTb10
HoBbi cnoco6 Haytworo HccRe,aosamm noica3aa, HanpH-
mep, 1410 ,II,JISI XJ1011tIaTHHKa po6peHne aytnue BHOCHTb
BmecTe c cemeHamH; Lao KyKypy3a H K..neBep xopowo ycBall-
naloT 4)0c(i)0p flM mecTuom BBeaeHHH yAo6peHHR H xy)Ke?
npH pa36pocHom.
C nomow,mo metieHux aTOMOB yaanocb yaliaTb, CKOJIbK0
4)occpopa 6epeT pacTeHHe 113 11014Bbl 11 OKOJIbItO ?113 yao6pe-
mici. OTmIThI, nocTaBneHHme c nweHHueil, Awn', HanpHmep,
Taxa pe3yobTaT: nepnbie ,ane?TpH Henum nweHHua noHTH
Hecb 4)occi)op, Heo6xos,Hmblii eft AAR pocTa, 6epeT 113 y,ao6pe-
111451. 3aTem Bce 6o.nbuie HatnnmeT nocTynaTb cpoccpopa 113
110413bI. K .xoHuy BToporo mecRua B pacTemie nocTynaeT y>Ke
raawium o6pa3om notmeHHbtii cpocci)op. TaK xte Be,aeT ce651
H xyxypy3a. 311aHHT, nweHHuy 11 KyKypy3y BbIr0.11110 110,a-
icapmomea-rb cynep(DoccpaTom TOJIbK0 13 nepBoe Bpemst xx
p213BHTH51. B OTJ11111He OT mix KapTocpeab xopowo ycBaHBaeT
yao6peHHe 11 B nepHoz:( cnoeft >K1131111 11 B
CymecTe.yeT Tax Ha3bmaembdi meTan, nuexopHesoil 110A-
KopmKx pacTeunii. 0,11,HaKo 110 HeAaBnero spememi ygeHbie
H npaxTHRH ce:nbcxoro X03511-lCTBa He Klan% HaCK0J113K0 X0-
powo ycn.annaeT pacTemie poopeithe, Halleceimoe B mule
pacTnopa Ha II0BepXHOCTb JIIICTbeB. ATOMHaSi sHeprHst
paruio-
aKTI4BHbIX aTom03 nomonna peumTb 3TOT BaX1C110, 'mutt-
mep, CJIeJUITE 3a J1B14)KeHneM paaaHtllibut napaanTon BttyTpH
opratamma, BH,geTb nyTH Astmetitisi JIHtIIIHOK-BpeRHTeJ1eci 13
notme, ycTaHaBanBarb, xatc 6bicTpo 11 Aaaexo pacripocrpaHH-
10TC51 paarnitutbie Bpe/tHble Hacettombre. C nonoulbto metzetrux
aTOMOB pa3pa6aTbiBatoTcH _Tenepb H cnocoaa 60pb6b1 c Bpe-
rtHTUISIMII.
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npocoa, CB513311HbIX C )1{11311bIO pacTetniti. !ie./law-ler?
spemem" ctniTaaocb, TITO yr.neKBc.noTa, nor.noulaematt pacTe-
HMeN1 113 Boailyxa, pacutenaHeTcH B HM npH ITOMOLIth COJI-
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Fic-
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caxapa H )21p.), a KI1CJI0p0,L1 13bI,geJ151eTC51 o6paTuo B 1303,ayX.
Taxoti nportecc HasbrBaeTcH C1OTOCIIHTe30M. MeToaom mew-
FINX aTOMOB 6buro yeTaHoBnetto, tITO B RerICTBHTelIbHOCTH
yraexHcaoTa ycBaHBaeTcH pacTeHHem neatncom, a 1thc.nopog,
BbI,LteJIHeMbICI B aTmoccitepy, pacTemte 6epeT 113 BOLLbr, KOTO-
pp? ono nanytiaeT 113 1104Bbl. OKa3aJI0Cb, tITO xoptm pacTe-
HH 6epyT 113 nonsbi H yraexHcaoTy, nepeaaBan ee CTe6JI5rM
11 rule oHa ycBaHBaeTcst pacTeHttem. 9ToT npoilecc
npoTexaeT HaCTOJIbK0 6bICTp0, tITO yace Itepeu HeCKOJIbK0
11111HyT nocae Toro xax B KOpHn HatnniaeT nocTynaTb yrze-
KIICJIOTB, coilepacaatatt pa/lHoaxTHBHbal yraepoa, B JIHCTbSIX
pacTeHHH oTmeitaeTcH partHoaxTHBHoe HanytteHHe.
3TOT (PaKT HmeeT HemaaosaacHoe npaxTHtlecxoe 3Hatie-
HHe. Tenepb npH noncxax ayttunix cn0c060B xopHesoro nH-
TaIlliff yintTbmaloT, tITO pacTeHHe noaytmeT Heo6xo1wmpo
emy yraexHczoTy c AByx KOHLIOB ? tlepe3 JIIICTb51 H nepe3
192
1
K0N111. Tax OTKpb1Ba1OTC5I HOBbIe nyTH K 110BbIUJeHHIO ypo-
NC afiHOCTII.
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B Teae pacTeHHH o6pa3ytoTcH He TOJIbK0 yraeBoAbt, HO 11
6e-JIKH.
Bcem 113BeCTHO, xaxoe arlageHne AAR nosbnueHHH ypo-
waithocui BmeeT Haytmo npaBlinbnoe y1Lo6pefwe 110t1BbI.
Koma we, B xaxHx czyttaffx BtreceHHoe B noloy y.ito6peHHe
6y,aeT ycHoeHo pacTeHHem aytnue Bcero? Kame poopeHHH
.nyitwe Bcero nprimemiTb AAR nweHmug, ;um mapTocpeasi,
11.1151 xyxypyabi? Met-temple aTOMbI OTBetlaIOT Ha 9TH Ba>KHbIe
AAA CeJ1bCK0X035111CTBeHFI0171 npatcrindi B011p0Cb1 C 6011b11101"1
TOHHOCTb10,
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mep, tiTo 211151 XJ1011tIaTHHKa po6peHHe ayttwe BHOCHTb
BmecTe c cemeHamH; tiTo xyxypyaa H K.neBep xopowo ycBaN-
BaroT t:poapop npx.MeCTHOM BBe11,eHHH mo6peHH51 H Xy)Ke ?
flint pas6pocHom.
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citoccpopa 6epeT pacTeHHe nOtiBbI H OKOJIMO ?113 yito6pe-
IIIIi1. OnbITbI, nocTaBaelnibte c nweHmler", Awn", HanpHmep,
Taxa' peayabTaT: nepBbie ABe?TpH Heileau nateHrtua nowt'
Becb cpoupop, Heo6xo/tt1mb1ti ecr ,L(J151 pocTa, 6epeT 113 yw6pe-
111451. Bce 6oabine HatmHaeT nocTynaTb4occopa 133
110tIBbl. K Kormy BTOpOTO mecsula B pacTeme nocTynaeT yace
raaBtibmt o6pa3oivr nottBeHHbiti citocirl'op. Tax x?ce sexier ce6H
11 KyKypy3a. 31-ianirr, nuieuw,y H xyxypyay BbITOAHO 11011-
KapMJII1BaTb cynepcpoccpaTom TOJIbK0 B nepsoe BpemH HX
pa3B11THH. B 0TJII1414e OT HI1X KapT04/eJIb xoponto ycBallBaeT
mo6petnte H B paHHHii neptio.a cHoefi >KH3H11 H B 11031:1HHil.
CyntecTsyeT Tax Hasbisaembni meToR BHexopHeBoil
xopmm" pacTeHnii. OAHaxo ito He/tastier? BpemeHH ylleHble
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p0rn0 ycsaHsaeT pacTemte ya,o6peHtte, HaneceHHoe B BH,Re
pacTBopa Ha II0BepXHOCTb JIIICTbeB. AT0MHa5! aHeprHsi pautio-
11KTI3BHUX aTOMOB nomoraa pellIHTb STOT Ba)1(11b1171 Bonpoc.
Oxaaaaocb, t1TO TaKOrl cnoco6 no,uxopmxH pacTeHHA BO MHO-
THX cayttaHx ropaaito 6oaee aNtexTHBeH, gem BHeceHHe
yiloopeHHH Henocpe,ucTseHHo B noloy.
Metteubte HeBIUIHMKH cpoccitopa paCKpELIIII Qwly Bwrepec-
um Tait-1y 133 )1(113HH ,rtepeBbeB, 0 KOT0p0171 palmate He no,ao-
apesaaH. OKa3bIBaeTCH, tITO KOpHI3 ?JIbIJJHX agpeBbeB, Ha-
liptimep ,u,y6oB, cpacTatoTcH meKay c060fi Ha OtleHb 60J1b-
-193
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
wom paccromnm Apyr OT Apyra. B pe3yAbTaTe MHOTO Ae-
pesbes )KlitlyT Yax ?Aim opram13m. H CTOHT 3a60JIeTb a/f-
irmly Aepesy, Kay 6o.ne3Hb 6brcTpo nopamaeT H Apyrne.
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TeHHIL 14 32ecb paAHowansubie aTONIbI oya3bmaloT yeaosexy
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frar.nartho CJ1e1111Tb 3a Tem, Kai< ycsansaeTcy B opraHH3me Ta
I1J111 HHaff nilwa, c xaxoil CKOPOCTb10 11HTaTeJlbHble sewecTsa
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AyKTIIBHOCTI1 )1{11BOTHbIX.
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nHaleff, coAepxameil B csoem cocTase metieHble aTOMbl
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11113MB, yHenbIM yaaJI0Cb y3HaTb, 910 ruiTaTeabHbie BewecTsa,
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pacnaAwoTcy, Aasan opraHH3my Heo6xoximyzo aHeprmo.
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KOTOphIrl nocTynaeT B KpOBb HenocpeAcTseHHo 113 TIIILLLH. Me-
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.nyyumx copToB pacTeHml H BO mHormx Apyrxx orpacmfx
ceabcyoxo3suicTseHHoro 11p0H3B02iCTBa. 01I11 nomormoT pa-
60THIIKBM ce.nbcyoro X03511ICTBa HcxaTb sepubie H 6brcrpbre
Ily'PH 1K II0J1y4eHHIO BbICOKHX, yCT0NHBb1X ypmaes, nosbnue-
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ulerocy cpeAcTsa Haytmoro Hcc,neAosaimy ? meroAa meye-
194
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purr oTypbumeT nepeA COBeTCKIIM HapoAom HeorpaHH-
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1103BOJIHT 6bicTpee pemaTb semmecTseHHme 3aAa9ll Aa.nb-
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unix ropoAos ? ugHTpos ITp0MbILIIJIeHHOCT14, xy.nbTypbi H
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scecTopoimero H IIJIOAOTB0PHOF0 pa3B}ITH51 HayxH, AocTme-
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910 y HIIX HmeeTcy 6e3yczosHay MOHOI10.111151 Ha aTomHoe
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195
narinccifipri in Part - Sanitized Coov Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
1P1
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Ap?roved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
ro,abi noc.ne BOCHIbI cqwraJnI, tITO COBeTCKOMy C0103Y /Iasi
npoH3Ho1cT13a aTomHoro opyxcHil noTpe6yeTcH no xpafluefl
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aT0MHyI0 3HeprILIO CJIy>KLITb ile.noilexy.
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ile.noueilecTua HOByI0 Spy, B iiauie cTpaHe HCLI0JIb3yeTCSI
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
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910 n0xa3ano na pnc. 2.
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co6ori 6epHJIJIIIII, martinfl,
xa.nbunil H nexoTopue ,apy-
rue 9lIeMeHTb1.
06Hapy)xnu 9T0, Men-
xte.neee peunhn Bblnllcalb
Ha3samt 9J1eMeIIT0B B Ta6-
Allay. Kamc,aan x.neTxa
nme.na CB011 Homep.
B xaNc.ayio x.neTxy ytienbal
nomecTn.n no unomy 3.ne-
meHTy. flpit 9TOM Menite.ne-
ee pacnoAmthn rice H3BeCT-
Hue B ero epemit xiimnIte-
cxne 9J1eMe1lTbl TaX, 11TO OHM
c.ne,aona.nu ,apyr 3a ,apyrom
no mepe ao3pacTannn aTom-
HbIX BeCOB, H Tax, ItTo6bil
9J1eMeHTbI C 611113KIIMI1 XIIMIIT-IeCKHMH CBOCICTBaMH oxa3a.rnicb
B 0,11HOM cTo.n6u,e Ta6J1Hubi. Talcum o6pa3om, soltopo,a c Home-
0M 1, JIIITIIui ? 3, HaTpnil ? 11 H COCTaBHJIH OJ1HH CTOJI-
6eu Ta6.nnum. Bepkwuncl ? 4, manutil ? 12, xa.nbuntl ? 20
Apyrae COCTaBHJIH c.ne,apounill cTo.n6eu II Tax Aa.rtee
(pc. 3). 9TH tuitkpbt ? nomepa 3.nemeHToe B Ta6.nutte Men-
,aeneesa ? nanytumn na3sanne aTOAUMIX HoAtepoe.
HeKOTOpble KJ1eTICH Ta6J11111,bloxa3a.nncb nycTbnut, TaK KaK
anemeHTbi c Hymn4buvut CBOrICTBaMII KO He 6b1.1114 OTKpbITbI.
Bunnutil yttenbifi npeAcxa3a.n, xamimH 1!OMICHb1 6bITb 9TH HO-
BbIe 3J1eMeHTbI H B KaKHX coe,runieHnsix Hymuto 1,1X HCKaTb.
Ra.nbiternutie OTKpb1T1351 xnmtptecidtx 3.nemeHToe. no,ameRatunt
npasn.nbHocTb npe,acxa3aHnil MeH,aezeesa. aro 6bhno 6o.nb-
LIIHM TopxecTsom Hay10.
2
remit?
4.00
3
11umua
6,94
4
5eaunnuil
9,02
10
1120H
10.18
11
Hampuu
23,00
12
11402HUd
24.32
Puc. 3. Jleabol eepxa ift yro.a Ta6-
.nitum Mettameeaa. Bepxatte uttclybt
0603ttattatoT HTOMHblii aomep,
Hue ? HTOMIHAti Dec
11
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
B Ta6..tnitie otta3a.nocb OT Ilepl3Orf ICJICTICH, 3annToil rioxiopo-
,aom, ii ,ao nomedulteil, 3a1ISIT011 ypanom, 92 ficneTiai. OTclo,ria
Metme.neen 3a1C11101.111.71, 11TO Bcero jio ypatia nicnioturre.nbno B
rtplipoite )10J1>K110 cymecTsonaTb 92 painntillbtx XHMHtIeCKIIX
s.nemetiTa.
CyLlteCTBylOT J111 9J1eMeHTE4 TSDKCJICe ypana? 0 TOM, Kat<
TIEHbIe OTBeTHJIII Ha 3TOT noripoc, turraTenb y3iraeT, npotrrn
neTnepTyio many. floKa yKa>Kem TOJIbKO, %ITO 3J1eNIeHTbI C
aTONIFIbIM nomepom, IlTe11b110 60.11bWIIM 120, cyutecTno-
BaTb He moryT.
inaaa II
CTPOEHHE ATOMOB
BKaKHX 6bi yCZOBITSIX 1111 B031111KaJ111 OJFIII MOJleKyJIbI 113
,apyrtix, ncer.aa no.nynaeTcn BeuiecTno, mo.neKy.nbt KOTO-
poro nocTpoenbt H3 uenoeo tincaa aTomon. Tai, Hanpiimep, B
3a13 IICHMOCTII OT AocTyna no3,ayxa iK ropinuemy yr.ino 110JITIa-
10TCSI manexy.nbi ra3a, B COCTaB KOTOpbIX BXO,LUIT J11160 oiiii
aTom yr.nepo,aa 11 omin aTOM Kiicaopo,aa ((mulct, yr.nepo,aa),
Jiti60 ?Atm aTOM yr.nepoaa ii Ana aToma Kiic,nopoaa (yr.ne-
KHCJIbIri ra3). Ho rinicoraa HeJ1b3SI nanyturrb mozeKy.n, B CO-
CTB KOTOpb1X BOILIEJI 6bI aTOM yrnepdaa H HOJITOpa aToma
Kiicnopo,aa.
Ilpu nio6btx xuAtuttectcux npeepatuettuszx eeuiecre HU odutt
(nom He uciteaaeT u He tipeepatuaeTcst 8aTOAt apyeoeo size-
Atettra.
BCE 3T0 3aCTaBJ151J10 ynelibix AyMaTb, 11TO aTONIbl ? HaH-
menume Heae.ntimble tiacTiiubt. Camo Ha3nainie oTpa)Kaao
3Ty, MbICJ1b (qaTom? ? rpenecKoe czono, o3Hatialow,ee B ne-
penoae ?Hefisemimoe?).
0.aHaKo Ha camom ,tiene 3T0 Ile Talc OKa3b1n.aeTcn, aTOM
MONCHO palnomuiTb Ha elite 6o.nee Nie.rudie tiacTHH,b1, za H B MO:
.neKy.ny aTom He BX0AHT xaK Heimmeinian nacTinia ? Bum-
tale ero tiacTH ncer,aa ?nepecTpannatoTcn?.
1. CocTantibie aTOMOB
BcTpenaemcsi J111 MbI B 1K1431I11 C COCTa13HbIMH nacTilmH aTo-
mon? LEA; MbI nanb3yemcn ycayramit aTOMHbIX tiacTliti Ha
KaNC,ROM wary.
1-lacTliubt aTOMOB, Amirasicb HO meTaamitiecKiim npono,aam,
nepe,aaidT sHeprino, nbipa6aTt,n3aemyto Ha 3J1eKTpOCTaH11,1151X1
112
no ncem yrOAKam cTpalibt; 01114 pa3orpenanyr TOlIeHbKy10 CIIH-
paJibicy 311eKTplitleCK011 JIaMI1011K11, 3aCTaBJISISI ee swim cne-
TFITbC51, OHM npiinunT B ABioKemie 3.nexTpomoTopm.
,antmeinie aTOMFIbIX tlaCTI1L1. B pa,alloaamnax 1103B0J151eT C
nomoutwo pa1LH0B0J1H nepe,n,anaTb tie.nonetieckylo petit), my3bi-
Ey it ,ita,Ke ii3o6pmetnie Te.n Ha 6o.nbwite pac-
CT0511-11151.
Ha.neTan c orpomHori cicopocTbio Ira meTa.natitiecKylo
BepX110CTb, aTOMIIble nacTillibi poKaaloT peHTrelionbt
nonaninow,He 3a1'AntlyTb BlIyTpb ne.nonenecKoro opraini3ma.
9.neKTpotaibill milKpocKon, xialow,Hri yneoHnenne B COTH11
TbIC5111 pa3, 11 Te.nenimoinible Tpy6KH, nocnponno,anigne 1130-
6pmeittm, nepeaanaembie no puma, ? H niecb ocHonHan
pa6oTa conepuiaeTcn nacTiniamn aTomon. Be3 nx nomows
HeB03MONCIla pa6oTa 3aB0,110B-aBT0MaTon, coniainie icoTo-
pbtx ? Ba}KtIblii wan 3BHT11Sl COBeTCKOil TeXHIIK11.
Tpy,atio B Haunt AHH
1Ia3BaTb nce no.ne3Hbie
npiimeHeinin aTOMI1bIX
IlaCTIILL. 3TH aTomlibIe
tfaCTHI.IbI FIBJ15110TCH anetc?
TputtecicuAtu itacrugaAtu.
0 CBOIICTBaX 3TI1X
me,nbtiailunix nacTnu Be-
iusecTna Mb! 11 paccKmem
ceftnac noApo6nee.
Puc. 4. 3apmkeunble mapnim CneBa
wapium Baps>neubi OAHOIINIE1111b1M1i,
3TOrO HarIONIFIFIM KopoTKo cnpaBa ? pa3I1011h161111b1N111 3.neKTplltie-
CKIIR111 Bapanamn
OCHOBHbIe cne,aeinin o6
3.neKTplitleCKIIX 3apimax.
CyuiecTnyeT Ana po,aa 3.neKTpitnecTna. OH14 1-1a3BaHbI no-
AOOICUTenbHblAt H OTTHUfaTeAbliblAt meKTplitiecTsom. aneKTpii-
necktie saps-Lau QanHaKenoro po,u,a, Kai< ronopia,
lime? 3apazI,bI, OTTaJIKHBalOTCSI ,n.pyr OT ,apyra, KAy FIIIMII,
331311CHT Tax, KaK BTO noKa3ano Ha plic. 5. Ha Hem 11306pa-
Puc. 5. Cnna, eflcTnyoIIa na painntinble 3apswbi
menvor 3aponenitbu1n rmacninnamn. Be.nntinna npa-
Boro, nonommTenbiroro napstaa Banoe 6o.nbwe cpeia-
Hero.. Bennwitia C11.11131 nonanalia ye.nosno
IllieM rippKnimbix I3eCOB
)KeHbr Ase 11.11aCTIIHKH. BepX115151 3apsmeHa BOJIONCHTB.11b1-11311
9.nexTpkinecniom, /111)KHSISI ? TaKHM }Ke KOJIHtleCTBOM oTpinia-
TejIbH0r0 a.newrplinecTsa. MeKny 11.113CTHIIK3MH Haxo,noTcst
wapHxH, o6.naaaiow,He 3ap5Aamn pa3.nHnHog BeJ1111-1111-1bI 1,1 3111-
Ka. nepsbal wapHK c.nesa o6.na4aeis OTpHLIaTeJIbHbIM 3apo-
14
Li
AOM, OH Or1'3.11KHBaeTC51 OT O1LH0111116HH0 3ap51weHHori H11>KHer1
IMBCT/111101 11 npIrrorHsaeTcn K sepxueit. CpeAHnii o6.naAaeT
313poitom TaKoil BeJ1114H11131, HO 110J10)KHTeJIbH131M; 3J1eKTpH-
4eCKBH cH.na T511IeT ero 1311113. lipasbn1 3ap51>KeH TO)Ke HMO-
)1{HTeJ1bH0, HO 3apsiA ero HO BeJ1H41111e BABOe 6o.nbwe H cmna,
AeficToyloutan Ha Hero, Twice sAnoe 6o.nbwe. CH.na, AeficTsylo-
wan Ha 3apsoKerllible wapHKH, H3o6pamcena yc.nosHo HaT5nKe-
FIHCM BeCOB.
flooemy ice B0311/1KBIOT CHJI131 meouty TeJIHMII, KOTOpbIe He
conpHxacalarcn, meomy ,KOTOpbIMH Her 1111K310IX HHT04eK,
nPYxamox H T.A..?
Mooceis 6b1Tb, 01111 AeticTsylar Apyr Ha Apyra 6e3 BC5IKOr0
nepeAaTonKa AerICTBHH, q4epe3 nycToTy?? Her, AdicTsHn Ha
paccTooloto, oepe3 nycToTy, 6bITb He MO)KeT.
Mo?Ker 6bITb, AericTsHe moKny 3ap5oceHHb1Mnt Te.namH ne-
pe.oaeTco nepe3 s03Ayx? Her. OIlbIT B 6e3B03,LWIIIHOM npo-
CTBalICTBe ITHBeJleT IC Tem >KC CaMbIM pe3yab`TaTam 3ap51Lbt
TO4H0 TaK )Ice 6ynyis 11p/ITSICHBaTbef1 H.111-1 OTTHJIICHBaTbC51.
061351CHefI11e COCTOIIT B TOM, 4T0 npocTpaHcTso soKpyr
poAos He BBJ151eTC51 ?nycisbim?: BoKpyr Kaomoro 3apsiAa cy-
utecTsyeT CBR3aHHOe C HUM anexTpugeeKoe none.
3.4eKTputtectcoe none ? O&M U3 6Ua08 Mareptiu, npasAa,
OtleHb OTJ1/14310LI/HriCH OT ripHsbioHoro Ham sewecTsa.
Ha wk. 4 npasbul wapHK Haxo.rurrcn B 3.neicrpHoecKom
no.ne, CB5T3aFIHOM C JIeBbIM arapHKom, H Hel1b1TbIBaeT CO CTO-
p0Hb13Toro nozn AeficTspre CHJIbI. TO4H0 Tax )Ke Resbni arapHK
AeficTsHe CHAN CO CT0p0Hb1 3J1eKTpII4eCK0r0 ITO-
Joi npasoro alapHKa. CJIe1(OBaTeJlbH0, cu.mi, Koropate 803HU-
KWOT Atexcay 3ap5acelittatmu Tena.niu, o6.73atibt CEIOUdit npouc-
xoycaexue.4t Atprepuanottanty aneicrpuitecicomy nonio, oanuma-
louie.nty npocTpancreo eolcpye 3TUX 3apfacentioix Ten.
B nosce.gHesHoil HUI3HH Ham ripmoioTrcn ropamo name
CT3.11KI/B13TbC51 He C He/1040314M1131MII 3.11eKTpH4ecxHmo 3aparka-
Ma, a c TFC Ha3bisaembim aneKTputtecicum TO/COM, TO eCTb C
pnAamil, AstuKyw,HmHcn rio meTa.n.nHoecKnm nposagam.
Cae.naem KOJIbit0 /13 Kycxa nposo.nom H IlpHC0e,a13HIIM ero
K 6aTaperme OT KapmaHHoro oHapHxa (ppm. 6). flo nposo-
JIOKB ITOTeLIET 3J1eKTplItleCKH1l TOK ? HOTOIC mHo{CecTsa orpH-
uaTeabHo 313pmeHHb1x nacTou. flerxo riposepwrb, 4TO npo-
BOJI0Ka ocTaHeTcn ripti 3TOM 3J1eKTp/14eCKH HerrrpmbHorr
pluKeHribni tuapHK, Kyna 6b1 ero HU 110MeCTI/J114, ocTaHeTcn
HeI10.11BH}KHb1M. npOBOJIOKB ocTaHeTCH HerapaJIbH0r1, HOTOMY
4TO KOJIIPleCTBO OTpHHaTeJIbHbIX 3apn1Los, coAepKautoxcn B
15
rficd in Prt - S2nitizedC
AolDroved for Release 2013/07/30 CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
ee seutecTne, He 113MeH11.110Cb ? CKOJIbK0 3apsmos nonmeT B
Hee c oxworo Immo, CTOJIbK0 )1{e yr1)2(eT C Apyroro. TaK, KO-
JIIItleCTBO BOJAbl B 130,11,011p0BOAIl0ii T,py6e He MeitsieTcsi OT Toro,
ABI1)KeTC51 BO ,aa B 1Ier1 HJII1 CTOHT.
Ho emit Mb! nomecTilm 13 uellTpe xonbua mann-am/10
cTpenKy (cTpenKy icomnaca), TO o6Happlaim yAnsnTenbnoe
5113J1e1111e. FloKa no IWOBOJI0Ke TOK He TeneT, KOHII,b1 crpenKH
Hanpasnetiu Qztim Ha cesep, Apyroil Ha ior. HO BOT no npo-
B0J101(e nytueH TOK.
CTpenxa ji,epHeTcsi H,
tIyTb noKone6astuncb,
nosepHeTCSI BT(0,11b OCH
Konbua, KK BTO noKa-
saHo Ha pilcyince.
ByorteNt nosopatmsaTb
KOJIbI.LO. CTpe.rnta 6y,iteT
nosppatmsaTbcst smecTe
C huM, KaK npHssmanHafi.
1/1 ?Ha, )1,erICTBIlTeJIb110,
?npnwisatia? marmiTHbi-
MH cHnamll, AeficTsy10-
111,11MII menuty 3J1eKTpli-
tieciaim TOKOM H marHHT-
HOri CTpeJ1K0r1.-3TO Iwo-
HcxoAHT noTomy,
3.4eicrputteCKIla TOIC CO-
3aaer aoicpya cek 6
npocrpaucTse AtaTepu-
aAbnoe Ata8HUTH06 noAe.
MarmiTHoe no.ne, CB513a}1-
Hoe c Toxom, oKasbnmeT
,csoe ,ReticTsite Ha marHHTHylo cTpenKy, ?norpyntenHylo? B
.BTO Mari-ammo none.
? PlHordtta marHHTHoe none MONCHO 110JITIFITb 11 6e3 HCT0t1 1411-
Ka Toica. TaK, Hanpumep, cama marHHTHast cTpenKa cosAaeT
-marHHTHoe none. B AerICTBIlTeJlbHOCTH II 3TO marHHTHoe 110Jle
noponmaeTcH ToK-amm, KoTopux Mb! TOJIbK0 He sametiaem; .13
camom sentecTse HamarnmeHHoro ncene3a sce spemH TexyT
Kpyrosue TORI!, KoTopue H contaroT marHHTHoe none, oKpyx(a.-
Joutee MarHHT.
HTaK, C snexTpmecKHmH sapsmamll CBH3aH0 oxpy)Kalowee
Hx sneKTplitteoKoe none, c sneKTpHitecKnmH ToKamH ? Mar-
HHTHOe none.-
Puc. 6. Ljeficrime aneKTplltiecKoro ToKa
-Ha marHumpo cTpeaKy H HCHOABHHUIblri
aapn,a
16
3aK. 984
ita.nbileilmero Ham otieln, Bawl? 3flaTb, KaK AefIcT-
syeT marHHTHoe none Ha aneKTpHttecKHe 3apubr.
MarHHTHoe none AeilcTsyeT Ha marmiTtiyio cTpenKy, HO
He AelIcTsyeT Ha sapmeHHuil mapHK, ecnit. 3TOT wapHx
HeITORBII1KeH. ECJ1H >Ice saproKeHHuti wapHK ,11,1311,KeTCH B Mar-
HIITHOM no.ne, TO Ha Hero 6y,E1.yT ,RerICTBOBaTb CIAJIbI. Ha pHc. 7
noKa3ano, KaK AeilcTsyeT marintnioe none Ha AskoKyuwecH
sapsLau pa3HbIX 3HaKOB. 3apst-
AspKyw,Hecst memuly no-
mocamit marnwros, OTKJ10-
HHIOTCS1. n0.110)KHTe.TIblIble 3a-
OTICJIOHRIOTCH B on,Hy
cTopoHy, oTpnuaTenbilue ? B
Apyrylo. npli 3TOM CKOpOCTb
sapsmos He menfleTCH, 1V1e-
HReTcst To.nbKo HanpasneHne
nx Bn}KeHhili. OTK.nonewie 3a-
psmos B marnurnom none Tem
6onmue, gem Menbule CKO-
pocTb 3apsmos H gem meHmue
HX m a cca .
3Tnx Kpanutx csei1eHH11 o6
sneKTpHgecTse Ham ,RocTaTott-
HO Ann Toro, ItT06u pa3o-
6paTbc51 B Aaabneilmem.
2. 9J1eKTp0H
M131 ynommia.nit yxw o
CTIIIIaX aTOMOB, ABH3ItylLIIIXC51
110 nposoitam, snyrpn paotwonamn, pettTreHoscwix Tpy6oK H
mHorHx.itpyrilx npH6opos. ETH itacnutu, no.nyttusutHe Ha3sa-
aAempol-106, SIBJ1210TC51 MejIbtlaciummti maTepHanbHumH
tiacTrata mu, o6nadvuowtim 14 OTpuusaTezbilbiM11 3J1eKTplitiecKH-
MH sapflitamll.
B OTJII1411e OT aTOMOB xummectuix anemeHTos snexTpoH
ABJIHeTCH aneAtenrapnoti itacTunea. 9TO 3Ha4HT, t1TO 3J1eKTp0H
Ha ttacTll He ReJIIITCR, H He H3BeCTHbI 5II3J1eHHH, B KOTOpbIX
npmnimaint 6b1 yttacTite 130J10131IHKH HJIII iteTsepTywKH 9J1eK-
TpoHa.
BCe 3J1eKTpOlIbI coseputernio 0/414HaK0BbI HesasticHmo
OT TOr0, KaKomy aTomy OHH npHHaAne)Kana HJIH npHHadtt-
ne)KaT.
?
?
Puc. 7. ,LLeficTime marHHTHoro
nonn meHuty nomocaron martin-
TOB Ha RamyumecH aaps,abi it
marauTHyto crpeaKy. Flynt 3apH-
xceanbix qacTuu. memos nornoca-
manurroa HoKaaaHbi JIHHHHMH
2 S.984
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
17
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
ee BeutecTBe, He Ii3MeHlIJI0Cb ? CKOJIbK0 aapH,RoB nonaileT B
Hee c Qum xollua, CT0.11bK0 >ie yilAET c Apyroro. Tax, KO-
aHtlecTso HULA B BoAonpoBoAnoii T,py6e ne menHeTcH OT Toro,
ABII)KeTC51 BoAa B Her! CTOHT.
1--Io econ Mb! nomecTllm B ueHTpe 'wawa maruHTHylo
cTpeaxy (cTpe.nxy xomnaca), TO o6Happutm yAuBnTenbHoe
smneHne. Rolm no npoBonoxe TOK Ile metier, KOHUT cTpe.nxH
Hanpanneni 07-1,IIH Ha cenep, Apyroil Ha ior. Ho BOT no npo-
B01101(e nyuteH TOK.
CTpeaxa ,RepHeTC51 H,
nyTb noxone6aBumcb,
noBepneTcn BA0J1b OCH
xanbusa, xax 3T0 noxa-
3aHO Ha pitcyHxe.
Byfisem noBopanHBaTb
KOJIbM0. CTpeaxa 6yAeT
nosopatnisaTbcrt BmecTe
C IIMM, Kat( npHBa3aHHast.
PI ?Ha, /1,efiCTBHTeJlbH0,
?npuBnaaHa?
unarm, xtericTBylo-
unimu mmAy 3.11eKTpH-
tleGKIIM TOKOM H marHHT-
Hoff cTpenxoll. 3T0 npo-
IICX0MIT TIOTOMy,
sizetaputtecKuti TOK CO-
3acteT eotcpye ce651 8
npoopancTee Ararepu-
aAbnoe Ataentimoe noire.
MarHHTHoe none, CB513ali-
H0e C TOKOM, oxa3b1BaeT
.csoe AeticTBue Ha marHHTHylo cTpenxy, ?norpmeHHylo? B
aTo marHHTHoe none. '
14HorAa marHHTHoe none MO>KHO 110.1137t111Tb H 6e3 HCT0t1H11-
Ka ToKa. Tax, Hanpamep, cama marlurrHan cTpeaxa co3,ttaeT
marHHTHoe none. B AeRCTIMITeJlbHOCTII H 3T0 marnHTHoe 110Jle
nopoKaaeTcH TOK.BMH, KOTOpbIX Mb! TOJIbK0 He 3amenaem; a
camom BetuecTBe HamarattneHHoro ?xene3a Bce Bpemn. TexyT
xpyroBble TOKH, xoTopbie H co3AaroT marHHTHoe none, oxpma.-
Joutee marHHT.
MTaK, C 9.11eKTpHtleCKMMM Bapsnisamll CB513aHO oxpy)Haioatee
HX anexTpHneoxoe none, C Toxamil ? mar-
auTHoe none.
Puc. 6. ,LteficTinte 3.nexTpunecxoro Ton
44a marinanyio cTpeany u liellOABIDKliblii
3apilf4
16
3aK. 984
J_TAH fisazblleihnero Ham otiem., BaNtho 3HaTb, KK AericT-
ByeT marHHTHoe none Ha 3.neKTpHnecKne 3apubt.
MarmiTHoe none AeilcTByeT Ha marHHTnyio cTpenKy, Ho
He ,aeiicTriyeT Ha 3ap5rMcetwurt tuapHK, ecau 9TOT mapux
nenoilattxceH. EcnH ice 3apameHHbiii wapiti< B Mar-
IIIITHOM none, TO Ha Hero 6y/tyT ,lIeriCTBOBaTb CHJIbl. Ha pHc. 7
noKa3ano, Kat( AelicTByeT marl-mime none Ha ABJPKyw,Hecst
3aprutb1 pa311b1X 3HaKOB. 3ap5I-
Abl, Amoxyw,llecH mexcIty no-
mocamm marunToB, OTK.110-
H5110TCH. IlonommTenblibie 3a-
OTKJI0I15110TCH B
cTopoHy, oTpituaTenbnbie ? B
Apyryto. flpii 3TOM CKOpOCTb
3a psmoB He MellileTCH, Me-
IIReTCH TO.nbK0 HanpaBneHne
IIX ABII)1ceH1151. 0Tx.noHenHe 3a-
pn,RoB B marnHTHom none Tem
6onbute, nem memblue mo-
pOCTb 3apsmoB it nem MellbIlle
MX macca.
aTnx xpanctix cea,aetutil o6
anewrpHnecTse lIaM ROCTaT0t1-
HO A.1151 Toro, trro6bt pa3o-
6paTbca B Aa.nbitecauem.
2. anewrpou
MbI ynomitHanit yce o na-
cfituax aTOMOB, ABII)KyLLIIIXCH
no npoBoltam, BllyTpit paz,Honamn, peirrreHosclutx Tpy6oK H
Nutoritx.Apyrux npHoopos. 3T1-1 HacTHubi, nonytumunte Ha3Ba-
HHe OACKTPOH06, 5111115110TC51 MejlbMacILLIHM11 MaTepllaablibumi
nacTintaMIi, o6naltalouutmH oTplluaTenbliumn 3nexTptu4ecto-
MII 3ap5uamH.
B OTJ111414e OT aTOMOB xiimmtieciutx 3J1eMeliTOB 3.nexTpoH
51BJ151eTC1 3.2eAtenraptioei itacTutfeei . 3TO 3HatIHT, tITO 3.nexTpoH
Ha nacTH He ueJIHTC51, H He H3BeCTHbI 51BJ1e111351, B KOTOpbIX
riptummanH obt yttacTHe 110J1013IIIIKM HJIHtteTBepTylumt 9J1eK-
Tpolia.
Bce 3J1eKTpOilbl coBepulemio 02IHHaKOBbI He3aBHcHmo
OT TOTO, xaxomy aTomy 01111 ripitHaAamaJut 11J11-1 npmia,a,-
.neHcaT.
?
?
Puc. 7. ,LteiicTnne man-urn-torn
nom' memay no.niocamn
TOB ua Anwnywnecn aapfiabi n
marturrnyto cTpe.nny. rlyTn aapn-
)neimbix nacTnn meKay no.rnoca-
mu mai-mann nonaaanbt J11111111NII1
2 3a mexty aTomamit 11,1111 01111 6y,nyT alpoci?pe-
J114BaTb>> 11X?
IlpHmem ;tan Haltana, tITO a.nbci)a-tiacTHua He npocTpe.nn-
naeT aTOMOB, tITO Tordna no.nyinITcn? Ha pitc. 12 Bbl BITAFITe
pa3pe3 Tollitafituero mera.nantlecKoro .nHcTHKa, KaKtim OH BbI-
rasule.n 6b1 npH yseanneHHH B HeCK0.11bK0 MILTIJII10110B pa3,
ecrn 6b1 meTamn COCTO5IJ1 113 aTomon-mapHKon. CosepmenHo
OtleBHAHO, tiTO Te a.nbcpa-ttacTitubi, Koropbie npoTanKaiurcn
CKBO3b 9Ty ryuly aTOMOB 11 He > B 1111X, HCIlbITalOT
MHOH(eCTBO CTOJIKHOBeHHIT C aTomamn, coe,ttonaTe.nbilo,
mHoro pa 3 H3MeTISIT Hanpas.nemle cnoero 2113141Keli 14H. A.nbcpa-
tlaCTHLIbl 6yAyT BbIJIeTaTb 143 micTaxa no,n cambimn pawing-
HbIMH Hanpaszemsimu. liposepwrb 3T0 OtleHb JierKo, itocTa,-
'24
TOTHIO 110CTaBlITb B HyxcHom mecTe wait, 110KpbITbIii cep-
1111CTbIM IIIIHKOM. Kamutan npHaeTesinan Ha Kpall
6ydneT oTmettena ncribtxHynuteil Ha mrHonellne 3BE301104K0c1.
QII,Ha1c0 011b1TbI noxa3amt COBepWeHITO Apyroe. Eanbluan
tiacTb anbcpa-tiacTint npoHec.nacb CKBO3b MeTaJIJIHtleCKliti J111-
CTHK, npaKTHnecKH nownit He OTKJIOHHBUIHCb, Tal(, KaK emit
6b1 IlyTb 3THX itacTInt eicaji B nycToTe. Anbci)a-qacnntbi
o6pa3onbisami Ha 9Kpaite 51pKylo 3)3E3,1:wing B TOM )Ke camom
mecTe, B KoTopoe oHn nonalwm 6b1, emit 6b1 Ha 'ix nyTH
He 6bi.no HnKaKori nperpaitbi. 31363,itotiKa .ntnnb Hemuoro pac-
untwatb.?
Anorpa-vacmuua
AmomHoe napo
PuC. 13. Tai BPOITCX02111T Paccesnme aabcfsa-qacTint B
aeuiecTae. Kaap anbcIsa-qacTnubi o ssapo nponcxoanT
peaKo. lipoxoasimue 6J1/131(0 OT aapa aabcIsa-qa-
CTIILLbI OTT3J1K11B310TCH 0,2,110111%1E11110 33PFINSC1111bIN1 SUPON1
11 OTH110113110TC51. HO 11 3T11X tiacTsta nentnoro
3HatIHT, ,nymaTb, Lrro aTOMbI ? npocTo yripyrne UlapTIKH,
C KOTOpb1M11 aamtla-ttacTima cTamaisaeTcii, KaK ,apo611HKa c
6H.Tuthap1utbimn utapamH, HesepHo.
MO>KeT 6bITb, aTOMb1 concem He Tnepabie H npo6HnaloT-
C51 anbc1)a-itacTilitamit 6e3 Tpyita? LtonycTlim, ItTo aTOMbl ?
?mnrKne mapmui?. Ho Touta He 6yeT HIIKaKIIX Ilp111411 fl, KO-
Topue MONTH 6bI CIIJIbH0 OTKJIOTIHTb Ann)mytnnecn aJII4a-4a-
CTFILIbI. Talc, Hanpumep, nyan, yroanntuan B 51W.11K C 110M14-
1opam11, .11H6o npo6beT ero, AH60 3acTpnHeT B HEM, HO y)IS
HitKaK He cnepHET snpano 11.1111 B.11eBO, H Tem 6o.nee He nosep-
HET BCIIHTb. BUM 6b1 aTOM 6bhn TaKnm, MbI ,110J1X(Iibl 6bIJII4 6bI
.25
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
yaHAeTb HpKo cHeTstalytocH 13- ugHTpe axpaHa 31363,aottig,
U TOAbito.
Ho seAb npH onbrrax Ha6.rno,ua1oTcH II CIIJIbHbIe OTKJI0He-
? aAb4a-1lacTitu. rp,e 6bI 1-111 6bIJI nocTas.nea sKpaH, ;twice
B TO mecTo, Ky;IA mount nonacTb TOJIbK0 a.nbcpa-HacTHubt, no-
sepHytautte Ha3a,u, noc.ne CTOJIKHOBeHH51, BcioAy Ha aKpaHe
BCIIbIXHBaJIH 3B63,11,0111(11, II0Ka3b1Ba51, tITO II cio,Ra JIeTSIT OT-
JIRJ1bHbIe, XOT51 H pe,u,Kne anbcpa-qacTmtbt.
Pe3yJIbTaTbI 3THX OnbITOB MO)K110 06151CHHTb c.nextyloutHm
o6pa3om.
Bonbutast macTb anbc1)a-HacTitu, ripoxop,HT ttepe3 JIHCTHK
meTanaa, TO eCTb CKBO3b MI-10)KeCTBO ero aTOMOB, ne oTtcno-
HUMUCb. 3Haturr, 66.nbwaH qacTb o&bema aToma He 3ano.n-
HeHa seutecTBom, CrIOCO6HbIM 110Mel1aTb ,u1311)KeHMO anbcpa-
nacTllu.
CHJIblibIe OTKJI0HeHII51 HeKOTOpbIX a.ru4a-tiacTitu, CB11,11,e-
TeJ1bCTBy1OT 06 HX CTOJIKHOBen1111 C 60J1b1110r1 1%IaCCOR. 3Hatnrr,
ocHosHaH macca aToma, HecytitaH, acaK MbI pice 3Haem, Ho-
JIONOiTeJlbHbl 3ap5A, cocpeRoToneHa B otteHb Mazom
ofteme ? HApe aToma (pnc. 13).
4. CTpoeHHe aToma
BOT cTpoetnie aToma no coupememibim ripeAcTamemtstm.
Boxpyr Kpoutetmoro HApa aToma, 3apsoKeHHoro no.no}KH-
TeHbHo H o6.nua1oatero 6o.nbu1ort maccoil (no cpasHeHmo c
MaCCOC1 3J1eKTp0H0B), JI,BH>KyTC51 JIErKlle, oTpHitaTe.nbuo 3apH-
xceHHb1e 9J1eKTp0HbI. ?HI! He y.neTaiar OT anpa, Tai KaK npit-
TRIIIBal0TC511< Hemy saewrpiptectuimit CIIJIaMH, ,ReficTHytoutHmit
meKgy 110.110>KHTe.11bH0 3ap1}Kemib1m HApom H oTpHuiaTe.abHo
3apmKeHHbimH sneKTpoHamH.
1/13yiteHne 011bITOB no paccesuano a.n4a-qacTHH B Bettie-
CTBe ,usa.no BO3M0>KHOCTb onpeAe.rniTb 3apH,tt
OKa3aJI0Cb, tITO IIHCJI0 n0J103K1iTeJ1bHbIX 3apuort B aTom-
HOM nape, paBHbIX no 13eJIH4HHe (HO o6paTHux no 3Haxy)
3ap5U1y sHeKTpoHa, B TOLIIIOCTH palm? Homepy, ,KoTopbal time-
eT aTOM B Ta6.rame MeHfise.neesa. A TK KK aTOM Herapa.neu,
TO, 311atIHT, H tIFICJI0 3J1eKTp0H0B, Hpauiatou.nixcH HoKpyr
smpa, pasHo Homepy aToma H Ta6.runte Meue.neesa.
011bITOB no pacceHHino azmpa-ttacTHit oKa3a.nocb B03-
MONClibIM cAe.naTb TaK}Ke 3aKJ110tIeli1451 II 0 pa3mepax aTOMHbIX
5T,Rep. BbItIHCJIeHH51 noKa3a.nH, tITO AHameTpbi aTOMHbIX Hikep
B AecHnut Tbicsitt pa3 meHbute AHameTpors aTOMOB.
26
ECJIII aTOM yuemiturrb B TbIC51tIy mitn.uHapitou pa3, TO Twit
3TOM ero aupo yBeJIIPIHTC51 o pa3mepa 6y.riaBottHoti rOJIOBKH.
3JIeKTp0Hb1 )Ke 6yAyT HpautaTbcn HoKpyr Hero Ha paccTon-
HIBIX B CTO meTpos H 60J1bffle.
TaKOBO cTpoefute aToma, KOTOpb1r1 B TetreHlre ,110JICHX Be-
}COB npeAcTamnn.ncH yneHum Henpommaemum H He,T.LeaHmbim.
11paKTHnecKH BC51 macca aToma cocpe,RoTotteHa B Ape,
KoTopoe B TbIC5111H pa 3 TH>Ke.nee riptmaxtexcautHx aTomy
9.11eKTp0110B.
Puc. 14. ECJI11 6bI Ky611K, 11306pMeH1Ibla n 6enons xpyre (a Harypaab-
uyto aeAtittuny), 6bin Hancumen si.aepnim Beutecnom, OH Bectia 61.1
CTOJIbK0 CKOJIbK0 BeCHT CTO Kpericepoa (Qum N111.11.1111011 TOHH)
DTO 311a1111T, tITO IIJIOTHOCTb seutecTua B Sime Hpe3sbytail-
HO seopuca.
ECJIH 6bI MO>KHO 6bIJ10 HaTIOJIHIITb O1UIH Ky6Httectutil caH-
THmeTp HottepHbim sentecTuom, TO BCC ero cocTasmn 6bI ()KOJI?
cTa Asa,au,ant MIIJIJIHOHOB TOHH. Ky6II1 C pe6pom B LB a MHZ-
JiHmeTpa, Hano.nHeHHbal H,RepHbim HeutecTHom, BeCHJI 6bI
CTOJIbK0 ?Ke, CKOJIbK0 13eCSIT CTO Kpeilcepos (pnc. 14).
Mb! HHKorita He Hmeem ,rtena c TaKHmH IIJIOTHOCTHMH. TH-
mceRan sulepHaH maTepHH pacnbineHa Ha KpoxoTHble HApa,
y,Ra.neHHbie Apyr OT Apyra Ha ottellb 6o.nbanie paCCTOHHHH no
cpaHHeHmo c pa3mepamH naep.
MbI y)Ke roHopHati 0 TOM, tITO 9JIeMeHTOB C aTOMHbIM HO-
mepom, 3HatIHTeJIbH0 npesbnuaiountm 120, 6bTTb He mo?KeT.
aro KaK pa3n o3HattaeT, tITO HeB03M0XCHbI sutpa c 3ap5,1om,
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
27
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Hpesbnuatommm 3apHA a.newrpolla (no Be.nmmue) mHoro
6o.nbule, gem B 120 pa. Ilogemy Hitpa He moryT 6bITb 60TH,-
IIIHMH, paccKameNt
9.newrponi, BpatualowttecH BoKpyr Smpa, )10BOTIbH0 .ner-
KO OTHS1Tb 01' aToma. TO MO)K110 c,u,e.naTb MHO/KeeTBOM cnoco-
60B, Hanpilmep, KaK 6bt.no y>Ke cKa3allo patmule, ocBew.aH
ra3 yTIbTpa(PHOTIeTOBbIMII HMI PeHTreHOBbIMII JIytlaMH, pa3o-
rpeBaH BeatecTso HAI] nponycKaH tlepe3 ra3 9.neKTp1ltieclual
TOK.
Bee 3TO He 311atncr, 0/1,Haic0, qTO yTHep>imentim ynetibix
11p0111J1bIX BeKOB o6 orpomHoil yCTOCIIIHBOCTI1 aTOMOB H nenpe-
BpauwemocTH 3.nemeHToB Amen! BC51K01-0 eMbICTIa.
ATOM MOiKeT 110TeP51Tb STICKTp0H, 110 H,u,po ero OCTaHeTCH
HenpmcocHonemmim. lipormeT 6o.nbine nnii ieiime Bpemelm,
H J11111161111b111 szeKTpotia, T. e. 110JIWKIITe11b110
aTOM npliTS11-1eT KaK011-111160 CB06011,11b111 3J1eKTP011, npucoe,n,H-
MIT ero K ce6e H cHoBa npeBpaTHTcH B o6bH4Iibifi HeriTpa.nb-
Hurl ATOM ?13e,ab Bce 3JICKTP0Hb1 B TO4110eTH 0,111,111aKOBbL H
3amena ofi,Horo Apyrnm HuxaK He cKa>KeTcH Ha aTome.
Kor,ua aTOMbl BcTynaloT B conpHKocHoBeHHe Apyr C Apy-
rom, cTanKHBaincb H pa3neTaricb H.T11-1 06pa3yr1 npotnibie, yc-
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1-11111 Hel1blIblBa10T TOJIbK0 Hapy>KHble, HaH6o.nee yikazeHHbie
OT HApa 3J1eKTp01-1b1. B ,B,BH)KeHHH Apyrnx 3J1eKTp0HOB, Haxo-
,71,51LU,I1XCH 6J111>Ke K SLapy, miKaimx Cy1.1.1eeTBeHHbIX 133MelleHIA
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MOB 3aBHCSIT OT Hapymmbrx aneKTpoHoB. ?XpaHHTe.nem? >ice
xHmlinecamx CBOACTB aToma SlanaeTca Hapo, OT KoToporo 3a-
BHCHT, CKOJIbK0 3J1eKTp0HOB 6y11eT y aToma. Flpespaweline
aTOMOB 0,a1101.0 copTa B aTombl ,upyroro copTa, ,upyrimut
CTIOBaMH, npespauteHlie XIIMIltleCKHX 3J1eMeHT0B CBS13aH0
1103TOMy C npeBpaw,eHHem aTOMHIDIX satep. A ,uo6paTbc5n Ito
51,apa He Tam-To npocTo. 14MeHHO nosTomy B Tegeane M1101.11X
BeKOB npeauecTBernimoi xilmFIKOB ? aJIxHMflj? ? He moroH
pewHTb 3aAatiy npeBpauteHHH 041IFIX 9.nemeHToB B ApyrHe.
TOTIbK0 B Hawe BpemH ? H He XIIMINeCKHMI1, a clmatitiecidimil
crioco6amn ? Houle Toro KK 6bi.n0 pa3ra,uaHo cTpoemie
aTomoB, 6bula pemeHa sTa 3ailatia. Ho 06 3TOM MbI paccKa-
)Kem HH>Ke. Celt-lac >ice Ham npeAcToHT rI03HaKOMHTbCH 110,It-
po6aee co cTpoeHHem aToma.
- HTax, w6cTpe.n? aTomoB JIJI BO3M0>KHOCTb ?ripe/luaus!)
pa3mepbi H no.nmemie OCHOBHOri maccbi aToma ? ero apa.
Ho BaHutecaulle cBoricTsa aToma onpeAe.ninoTcH oKpy>Kalo-
28
=Mil fuipo 3.newrpoHamn, HJIH, Kait npHIBITO r0B0p1ITb,
anerapontioa o6o.noitKort aToma.
OTKyaa ?KC mom? no.nytniTb 6o.nee noRpothibte cHeRemisi
0 CTp0eHH11 3TICKTPOH11011 060J104101 aToma? Kw< y3HaTb, Ha
KaKHX PaCCTOZHH5IX )1,13115KyTC1 9J1eKTp011131 BoKpyr upa? Ka-
KoBa 31-teprin 3THX 3J1eKTp0HOB? 4T0 npolicxunT npH H3me-
IICHilli MX ABH)KeHHSI?
OKa3b1BaeTC51, 06 3TOM OtICUb noapo6Ho ?paccKa3bameT?
cam aTom. Hy>KHo TanbKo HayturrycH nowimaTb ero Kpacoq-
Hun ?513bIlD, TO eCTb HayttarbcH pa36npaTbc5l B CBT, 143J1Y-
qaemom aTomom. Ho Ann sToro Ham paubwe Hymmo 11031-Ia-
KomarbcH c Tem, trro Tame CBeT.
5. 14TO TaKoe cBeT
Ka)KAbIii 133 13ae mo>KeT npo,ue.naTb TaKOCI 011bIT. 3aBecbTe
no.nyqwe OK110, Ha KoTopoe nualoT HpKile cooHeimbie
ocTaBFIB TOTIbK0 O.11Hy y3elibKylo ute.nonKy. IlocTaBbTe Ha
nyTH npoxomauefi tiepe3 tue.noincy no.nocKH cBeTa Tpeyro.nb-
Hylo cTemsmilylo npll3My. BbI yBli,aliTe Ha cTene pa3HouBeT-
Hylo no.nocKy. ara no.nocKa Ha3b13aeTcm cneicrpom co.rateg-
Horo cBeTa. 31-latniT, ?eJlblfi C0JIHe9Hblii CBT Heo,n,HopQueH,
OH COCTOHT H3 cBeTa paa.rnitmbtx uBeToB. CTeKAHHHaH npH3ma
pa3Ite.nmna HX.
CBeToBoil ay% 11p0X0,11,511.11,11i1 epea HpH3my, OTKJI0HaeTCH
B cTopoHy ee OCHOBaH1151. ?BAH CBCTOBbIX Arlen pa3T1144Hb1X
uBeToB 9T0 OTKTIOHeHlIe Pa3J1144H0. Mellbrne Bcero OTICTIOHS1-
10TC1I KpacHbie Jlytlll, Hemlioro 6onbwe ? opainKeBbie, eake
6o.nbine ? Nce.nTbie, 3aTem 3eJlelIble, ro.nyobte, cHHHe H clmane-
ToBbie. FlosTomy, Koma Ha npH3my nuaeT .113114 He o,,u,Horo
onpefise.nenHoro uBeTa, a C0CTO5IL11141 113 .nytteft pa3.nn4libix
11,BeTOB, OF111, OTKTIOHHBWHCb 110-pa31-10My, paa.aeasnoTcn.
9THM CB011CTBOM 11p113MbI BOCHOT1b30BaJIIICb 111151 nocTpoe-
H1451 cnewia.nbHoro npH6opa ? cnelapoctcona, c nomow.bio
KoToporo ticc,ne,uyloT cocTaB cBeTa. CneKTpocKon nmeeT
To.nbKo Haytwoe, HO H 6o.nbutoe npaKTHtlecime 3Hatielme. TaK,
HanpHmep, 6bi.no ycTallomeHo, 4T0 C yBe.natiemiem Temnepa-
Typbt Bce 66.nb11lasi tlaCTb 113JIY4eHH51 IlpHX0AHTC51 Ha A0J110
14:1HOTIeTOBbIX Arlen, meHbuiast ? Ha 0J110 Kpacimix. aro
,Aa.no BO3MONCHOCTb, Hcc.nen,yri cocTaB cBeTa, 6blicTpo onpexte-
.1153Tb TemnepaTypy cBeTsnuerocH Te,na. Talcum c11oco6om
MO)KHO onpe,use.nHTb TemnepaTypy pacn.naB,neHHoro meTa,n.na,
TemnepaTypy noBepxHocTH COJIHIJA, 3Be3,11, H T. ,11.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30
: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
29
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
CBeT pacnpocTpanneTcn B IlpOCTpaHCTBe C Orp0MHOfi CKO-
pOCTbIO ? 2,99776 ? 1010 Ca1ITHMeTp0B B cexyRay. 3T0 caman
6o.nbulan CKOpOCTb 113 BCCX, Jimmie TOJIbICO BO3M0)1C11bI B npH-
po,Re. C AOCTaT0t1H011 ,11.1151 Hac TOtHIOCTb10 NIO)KHO cxa3aTb,
tITO CICOpOCTb cneTa B nycTom npocTpalICTBC paBHa
300 000 xn.nomeTpon B cexyHAy. ,Ljonycxaeman npn 3TOM
=Holm meHmue 0,1 To?
Ho He TOJIbK0 CBT pacnpocTpaHneTcn C 9T0fi OKOpOCTb10.
C Taxoil }xe CKOpOCTb10 nepeltaioTcn paAnocHrna.nbt, pacnpo-
cTpaHmoTcn peHTreHonbi zytm, ramma-H3.nytieHHe aTOMOB.
Tenepb ycraHos.neno, TITO nce 9TH .11),411 o6.na,RaioT wuniaxo-
Boil npnpo,aoil. Kaxona >ie npllpo,aa H3.7iyuemi5i? Pa36epemcn
13 3TOM Ha npHmepe pa,n,Honwm.
1-1To6b1 110CJIaTb B npocTpaHcTno paxwocHruan, He06xQu,H-
mo nponycTnTb nepe3 meTa.runinecimil nponoir,? aHTenny ?
nepemeHubnl 9J1eICTP1ItleCKH11 TOK 60.11b1110fi tlaCTOTbl, TO eCTb
TOK, memouuni cnoe Hanpan.neHHe otiellb mnoro pa 3 B
cexyHAy.
MbI 3Haem yxce, TIT? 3.neKTpligecKme 3ap11,11bI CO3,11,a1OT
noxpyr ce6n B npocTpaHcTne anexTpHtlecxne nann, a ABH>xy-
w,Hecn 3apubi comaioT, xpome Toro, 11 marHHTHbie 110J151. 3T11
?3.nexTpomarHirrnbie 110J1F1>> 6y,1137T MeIIHTbC51 B COOTBeTCTBHH
C H3MeHeHH51MH Asmicemnsi 3aps1.L1,on B aHTelme. Taxiim o6pa-
30M, 3J1eKTp0MaTHHTHbIe 110J151 B JI1060M MecTe npocTpaHcTaa
113MeHHIOTCH CTOJIbK0 >ice pa 3 B cexyKay, TO eCTb C TaKOA
tiacToToil, c xaxoff H3MelifIeTCH ArnmeHlle 313pi111on B aHTeH-
He. Cpa3y TM BO BCEM npocTpaHcTne 11p0HCX011,51T 9TH n3meHe-
HHH? HeT. PaHbIlIe Bcero 9TH H3meHemin npollcxoAnT B nenoc-
peAcTneHHoil 611H3OCTI1 OT a HTBHHbI H 3aTeM p a cnpocTpa-
HMOTCH BCE Aurbuie H Aanbale CO CKOpOCTb10 CBeTa.
PaAHOCHI'HaJI ? 910 H eCTb H3meHemi5T, x0.ne6aHHn,
anexTpomarHHTHoro 110.1151, pacnpocTpamouterocn OT aHTeH-
Hbl BO sce CT0p0HbI CO cxopocTbio cseTa. 9To 3.nexTpomar-
HHTHOB nwie, oTpbmaiouleecn OT 110p0)KAaIOW,HX ero 3ap5ulon
11 TOKOB H yHocsnueecn B npOCTBaHCTBO CO CKOpOCTbIO
300 000 KI1J10MeTp0B B cexyx,u,y, Ha3b1BaeTC51 3.4eicrpomae-
litali6lAt tiallyileHUCAt.
anexTpomarHHTHoe n3.nytieHHe MO>KHO xapaxTepH3osaTb
He TOJIbK0 ero tlaCTOTOfi, HO H AJIHHOil BOJIHbI. lipeAcTankim
ce6e BOJIHbI Ha nonepxHocTH Haab!, pa36eraioutHecn OT KO-
.ne6motuerocH nowlanica (pnc. 15). KOJIHtleCTBO xo.ne6amill
cexyH,ay, conepinaemmx iu,enotncoil, xo.ne6.nemoil npoxwmul.eil
B0.1111011, panHoe RanntlecTny KOJ1e6aHHfi normanxa, BbI3bI-
30
Bap:mum BOJIHbI, H eCTb tiacToTa BOJIHbI. 11J1HHa BOJIHbI pan-
Ha paccTonmo meKay Anymn ee 6,rnimi1unimn rpe6n5lmH.
6o.nbuie tiacToTa BOJIHbI, Tem ryule pacnonwxeHbi ee
rpe6HH, Tem meHbure 11JIHHa BOJIHb1. TOt1H0 Tax >ice Cl3H3aHb1
tlaCTOTa H Amma BOJIHbI anexTpomarHHTHoro H3.nygemin ?
pa.aHocHrHa.noa, BHAHM0r0 cneTa, peHTreHonbix .nyneil, ram-
ma-ayneil.
HanpaofletWO Hone5aNuti
nonna8ma
MIT"
!fiAlp
Ronna6ore
-
?
?
tlucno uone5witni 5 ceff ,1417UHCZ
ylldy 6
017Nbl
palm gacmome Bonny 0
Puc. 15. KpyroBbie BOJIHbI iia aaae (pa3pe3)
3.11eKTp0MarFIHTHIDIe 113JITICH1113 OTJIHtlaIOTCH Apyr OT
Apyra cnoeil tiacToToil (n,rm Ammori BOJIHbI), onpe,uganemoil,
Kai( Mbl BbIHCHHJIH, tlaCTOTal xo.ne6aHHA H3.nytia1outhx 3ap51-
A0B. Tax, 3.nexTpoma1HHTH0e HanygeHne C tlaCTOTOil, pai3HOCI
100 000 B cexyuy, o6.na,aaeT ,I1JIHH0rl BOJIHbI B 3 xn.nomeTpa.
flpH nacToTe 10I
B cexyRity ,amma BOJIHbI panHa 3 CaHTH-
meTpam. 310 ? pa,aHoH3.nygeHne, HJI11 pa21,110BOJIHW.
1/13J1ytleHHIO C tlaCTOTOfi 4 ? 1014 B cexputy, TO eCTb C XIJIH-
H011 BOJIHbI 7,5 ? 10-5 caHTHmeTpa (To eCTb TpH tleTnepTH OT
TbICH4H011 ,ROJIH mitnaHmeTpa), oTneLlaeT xpacHbal CBeT. T-la-
CTOTe 6 ? 10" B cenutay, TO eCTb AJIHHe BOJIHbI 5 ? 10-5 caH-
THmeTpa, oTnetiaeT 3e.neHbifl cseT, IlaCTOTe 7,5-10'3 B cexyKay,
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
31
Declassified in Part - Sanitized CO .y Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
TO eCTb u.nnue BOJIIIbl 4 ? 10-5 callTumeTpon, ? clmo.neToBbul
C13eT. PeuTrelloacKoNty 113.71)042mo, KOTOpbIM 110J1b3y1OTCH
npocHettnBaintH 60J1bHblX, oTBeHaioT tlaCTOTb1 OT 3 ? 10"
xio 3 ? 1019 u 11..T111 Hbl BOJIH OT 10 8 )1.0 1 0? 9 cauTumeTpots.
Eule Kopotie julnfla Ba1111 131 (6o.nbwe HacToTa) y ramma-Ayneil.
He TOJIbK0 B c.nyttae HeStommoro H3.nyttennst, HO H 13 c.ny-
Hae o6brmoro BHunmoro cBeTa yHeubie npeunoftwraloT roBo-
I:114Tb o ero qacToTe, a He o uBeTe. Ilpututua 3T01'o otteHb npo-
cTa. B cnewrpe r.na3 pa3.nit4aeT TO.11bK0 He6anbwoe 411CJI0
paIntitutux 1111eTOB, He pa3.n11tta1 6ecHnc.neHuoro muo}KecTua
OTTeHKOB. A ytteuble, 1l3MepS111 HacToTy, moryT pa36HTb
cneKTp Ha ,ReCS1TKII mu.n.rtHouou no.nocoK ? Janutil pa3.n1111-
11b1X , OT.1111tIa1011.1.11XC51 tlaCTOTOfi, HO r.na3om COBep-
WeHHO Hepa3ant11mb1x.
9.neKTpomararrHoe H3ny4eune, Hatt, KK Mbl 6yuem B
,a,a.nbHeilmem roBopilTb 11,1151 KDaTKOCT11, npocTo 113.nytteH11e,
o6.nauaer OLLHOri ottemb BamHoil oco6eullocTbio. ara oco6eH-
11QCTb 6buia oTKpuTa 110C.Ile Toro, KaK ygetupte yCTaII0BliJIH,
t1TO na.a.alowurt Ha meTa.m CBT MO/KeT BbIpb13aTb 113 Hero
9.11eKTp011131. Oco6eHuo 6anbuine 3ac.nyni B 143ytleH1111
3T0ro SIBJ1e111451 npaHau.ne)KaT 113BeCTII0My pyccKomy gummy
A. F. CTOJleT0By.
9.neKTpoubt B meTa.n.nax, KK MbI pKe sllaem, moryT .nerKo
,B,311raTbC11. 0,11HaK0 BbIpBaTbcs 113 meTaLna OH13 cam' He mo-
ryT ? ,II.J151 3Toro y 1114X He xBaTaeT sueprtat.
9.neKTpoHam MO)K110 nepes,aTb HeuocTaHoutym 3Heprmo,
ocseutaH MeTaJui. 3.11eKTDOHbl 6y.ttyT nomoutaTb sHeprmo
CBeTOBbIX Jlytieri 14 HatIHyT Bblpb1BaTbC51 113 meTaxia.
Ka3a.nocb 61,1, He BCE J111 paBno, KaKoBa HacToTa 113nytte-
KOTOpb1M MbI 11a1b3yemc51 ,II,J151 ocHetuennH meTaa.na?
BbIJI0 6b1 0110 TOJIbK0 uocTaTottHo M0111.11b1M. 0,n,HaKo (MUT 110-
Ka3bmaeT upyroe. Cambal HpKuil CBCT OT J1Mflbi KpacHoro
uBeTa He cnoco6eH BbipBaTb 113 M1101-11X MeTaJIJI0B 1111 amoro
szeKTpoma, a CBT OT eLIBa 3ameTHoil KpOXOTHOci .nam-
notHui clmaneToBoro itHeTa Mr110BeHHO HatmmaeT tix Bbt-
pb1BaTb.
011b1TbI noKa3a.Tut, tITO sneprHH xamcaoro Hupuatmoro 113
meTama 3.neKTpoHa HHKaK He 3aBVIC11T OT MOW,HOCTI1 IICTOtl-
mum cBeTa. 3Ta 3Heprng onpeue.nHeTcs TOJIbK0 HacToToil na-
Ammer? cBeTa. 1./13mepseTcH 3Hepr1t51 3.neKTpoHa Taw
CBeT OT IICTOLIHFIKa cBeTa (pHC. 16) npoxouHT Itepe3
411J1bTp>> ? useTHoe CTeKJ10, nponycKaloutee CBCT TOJIbK0
onpeRenetutoro uBeTa (oripe,ae.neHHoil tlaCTOTbI). Mem 6anb-
32
We tlaCToTa CBeTa, TeIVI 6o.nbwe oxa3bi1atoTc5T cKopocTb H
3Heprtut Bbrpbmaembix 113 MeTanaa 9J1eKTPOHOB. aneKTpHtte-
cme CHJIbI 3apimennix n.nacTimox CTpeM5ITCH aeptlyTb 9J1e1c3
Tpon o6paTno Ha HII)K111010 n.nacTHHKy. LIem 6anbute atteprkut
r3bipbmaembix aneKTpoHoB, TCM 6anbu1I1l 3apHA ,I10.11}Kell 6biTb,
Ha n.nacTHHKax ,11,J151 TO1'0, 11106131 1111 011.1111 113 9.neKTpoHoB
HtpKHeil mnacTHHKH He Ro6pa.ncH ,Ko Bepxnefi. 143mep5!51, npn
Kamtx 3ap1,rtax Ha rmacTiumax npexpatusaeTcn 3.neKTpHite-
cithii TOK B npH6ope, TO eCTb anexTpoHm c 11J1aCTIIII-
KII nepecTamT uocTuraTb BepxHeil, Haxattnm 3Heprtno (11 CK0-
Puc. 16. lintepetme 3ilepritit 3.11eKTp0H0B, Bbipbmaembix CBeTONI
113 sieTanna. MeNcRy .namnotmoil it n.nacTiatinntit yeTattoBnen
clmniap. flyTli nbipBainiux cBeTONI BI1eKTp0HOB 1t3o6pmen1 t1ep-
11b1MII JIIIHIUIMII
POCTb) 3.11eKTp0H0B, BbIpbmaembix 113 meTazna CBCTOM 13b1-
Ameuxofi tlaCTOTbi. OCO6eHHO TOt1Hble 011bITbI TaKoro poua
6bI,1114 npoBefigHLA COBeTCKIIM yttembim aKa,Remmom II. 14. JIy-
KkipcKilm.
ECJII1 ItacToTa cHeTa AocTaTotma, 4T06b1 BbipBaTb 9J1eKT-
p0Hb1 113 meTazna, TO MOLLIIIOCTb HCTO4HI1K cBeTa 6yueT OH-
pefi,ensim (mum Bbipb1Baembix B cey'inAy 9.11eKTp0H0B, 14
TOJIbKO. B CTO pa 3 6anee CHJIbHbIfi noToK cBeTa BbIpBeT 3a
cexyHuy pOBHO B CIO pa3 6anbare 9J1eKTp0H0B TOfi KC camof1
3Heprtui.
geM MO)KHO 061351CHIITb DTH 3aKoHomepHocTH?
3ToT Bonpoc =Aro He mor 6bITb petueH. 3a1311CHMOCTb
9Hepriut BbineTalowux 113 MeTaxia 3.neKTp0H0B OT tlaCTOTbI
CBCT a 6biza He notHITHa. Pentenne 3aitatni 6bi.no uaHo H
1905 r. (1)143HKONI A. 311uurrerwom. BOT BTO Ipememie: ceer
XtoolceT 1102.40llianC51 U 113.11yilaTbC51 !WM onpeametitibutu
hoptclubitu. 31-reprnst Kaxcuoil Taxon nopuHH, BAH, KK ee
Ha3b1BaIOT, KeatiTa ceeTa, HRH OoTotta, Tem 6a11bute, ttem 60,111)-
3 3a}c. 98.1
33
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-n1n4npnnoonnrIgnr,,,,,
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
we tiacToTa cseTa. Tax, Hanpumep, sttepritn xsauTa timo.neTo-
soro cseTa, o6.na,Ratow,ero tracToToil 8 ? 1014 B cexymty, sAsoe
6o.nbute sHeprtut xsairra xpacHoro cseTa, o6.naAatow,ero tia-
OTOTOR 4 ? 1014 B cexyuy. anexTpott B MeTanae He momceT
.nplimrisb y H3.nytteitun Juo6yto sHeprmo. OH He mmer nor.no-
TilTb no.nosuny tpoTotia, mil Asa, HJ111 TP11.4)aroita cpa3y.
-anexTpou. B meTaxte moweT 110IVIOTIITb cpa3y TOJIbK0
0,11,HH (1)0T0H. ECJIH 3HeprHst aToro cpoTona risocTaTotma, HTo6b1
supsaTb 3J1eKTp0H 113 meTazna, TO 011 mmeT BbIpBaTbC51;
ec.nm 3Heprkm HeltocTaTotnta ? s.nexTpou BbIpBaTbC51 He mo-
}xeT. 3HeprHn supsumoro 3.nexTpoHa onpe,tte.nneTcn To.nb-
xo sHeprHeil nornoweHHoro 11M (PoToHa. notiSITHO, TO
oHa He 3aBHCHT OT tutc.ria Apyrtix (POTOHOB, nafisalownx Ha
meTa.n.n.
M0111,110CTb ncTOtiHHIca cseTa onpe,a,enHeT TOJIbK0
na,rramuntx Ha meTa.n.n ctioToHos, a 3HtiF, H 411C.110 Bb1pb1-
Baemb1x 113 MeTan.na 3J1eKTp0H0B, HO He nx sHeprmo. Bce cxa-
3aHHoe OTF1OC11TCSI, KOHet1110, He TOJIbK0 K B11,11,11MOMy cseTy,
HO H K mo6omy H3JITICI11110. KnbTpal)HaneTosble H peHTrellos-
cxxe KBWITbl, o6.nartan 66.nbweil alleprHeil, BbIpb1BaIOT &TICK-
Tp0HbI 113 seukecTsa ropa3,Ro .nytnne, ttem KBaIITbI ski,ammoro
cseTa. Ho ecTb crmasbi MeTaJIJI0B, y KOTOpbIX rkawe
HwPpaxpacHbie .nytm (Hcnycxaembie coa6o HarpeTbi-
Mil Te.namH), (PoToHbt KOTOpbIX o6Jtax1.aioT MeHbWeri sHeprneci,
nem (1)0T0HbI cseTa, BbIpusaIOT soexTpolibi.
- Tamtm o6pa3om, ?3epHucTbim? cTpoeHllem 06.na,sseT
He T0TIbK0 xamcyw,eecH Ham CI1J1011.1Hb1111 seatecTso, HO 11
CBeT.
310 oncpbrrlle, nopanTe.nbHoe camo no ce6e, nprme,no K
H3meHemno npeAcTas.neHHfi o npmpoile cseTa, a 3aTem H o
scex H3BeCTHbIX tiacTimax maTepHH (s.nexTpoHax H Apyrxx,
31-1aKOMCTBO C KOTOpbIMH Ham ewe npeAcTonT).
B XVII BK e 6b1J111 BbIJI,B11HyTb1 )Be Teopm4 cseTa. Hb10-
TOH CtffiTaJI, iTO CBeT ripeacTas.nHeT HOTOK KpOXOTHb1X nacTtut
setusecTsa ? ?xopnycxy.n? cseTa (ixopnycxy.noil 11 Mb! 6yrLem
Ha3b1BaTb ma..neHbicHe ROMOt1104 ? Ap0611h1K11, 11131JIHHISH seine-
cTsa). DortreHc ctmTa.n CBeT BOJIHaM11 oco6oil maTepHit ?
?mHposoro stPapa?, 511(06b1 3anar1-1now,ero BCe npocTpaH-
CTBO.
06e Teoptm OKa3aJIHCb HesepHumH: CBeT eCTb H BQJIHN, H
xopnycxy.nbt ofisHospemeHHo. Ero npkipma JI,BOrICTBeHHat
rlpeAcTasHTb ce6e 310 otteHb Tpy,rmo: 310 0,11Ha 113 OCHOBHb1X
Tpyg,HocTeil 4)11311at Hamm AHefl.
34
artexTpomarwrrnos. H3Jly4eIrlfe ? PaAHOBOJIHbr, -CI3eT
II T. A. ? ABIDKetcm B npocTpancTse no 3axollam ABBNSeMig .
BOJIII. Qamaxo riptipo,aa H3J1ylleHlin H BOJIH i-ia Bue
Korita no nosepxHocTH o3epa 6excHT BOJIIIa, sozta He TetfeT C
B0J111011. OT4eJIbHbIe iacmiji BOAbI JIIIWb IKOJIe6j110TC-51.ssepx?
li 1311113: BeW,eCTBO B0/1b1, maTepHs, He AstmeTcn rimecTe C
BOJIHOil.
HO !coma paAHocHrHan oTpbmaeTcst OT aHTeHnbt nepe-
Ammer' paxtocTaHHHH HAM Apr cseTa nomi,ga-eT nopoinis-
mylo ero 3se3,sy, TOMa OT nepextaTtnixa IC npHemtuncy, .01
.na.nExoil 3Be3,11bI K 1113M HeceTcn anexTpomartuiTHoe H3.11Ytle-
tille ? maTepHn.
Havtienue ? Oa UK 113 8006 Atarepuu, Tax mce KK H
_
313nHoe c anexTpHileciarmil 3apsmamn 3.nexTputzecxoe. no.ne
11.11H marmtmoe none BOKPyr TOKOB.
KaKIIMI1 )Ke csoficTsamH?xopnycxyz o6.naAaeT 11'3.nyHenne,
cseT?
TINT cTpeob6e 133 ny.nemeTa I13 ero Ay.na mo)xeT BbIJIeTeTb
=la nyan (?xopnycxy.na?), .1m6o 7, AH6o 53, Ho Hincdr,qa
He 71/2 HJIH 533/4. 4IICJI0 xopnycxyz ? ny,nb moxceT
6bITb TOJIbK0 Ite.11b1m. TaKIIMIT Nce CBOrICTBaMH o6Jta?rtaeT
ii CBeT.
CBeT, H3JlytieHHe, mmeT HcnycxaTbcs H norzowaTbcn
TOJIbK0 1.1eJIbIMH 110p11,115311111: 1411C.110 HOP0NC,11,6IIHbIX 11.1111 nor.no-
uteHnbtx xsal-ITOB H3J1y4e111151, HMI CPOTOHOB, mmeT 6b1Tb
TOJIbK0 tte.nbINT.
FITax, cor.nacHo cospemenHum npeAcTasneHmim crieT
(J11060e snexTpomartnITHoe H3.nytteune soo6ate) ecTb IIOTOK
anemenTapribtx tiacTHit ? cpoToHos, o6.Ttaitmoutax B0.11110BbIMH
CBOIICTBaM11. Kax(Abifi (1)0TOH o6.nalmeT onpeLte.neHHoil sHep-
rHeri (B 3aBlICHM0CTH OT csoeil ttaCTOTbI), MaCC011, nuan Ha
Tula, oxa3bisaeT Ha HIM ,riameHne H T. A. Crtas.nemie cseTa
snepsbie o6Hapyxcna Ha onbrre s.1900 ro,rty H3mepHa pyc-
CICHfi (1)11311K II. H. f1e6ertes).
Ha cTp. 36 ,RaHa Ta6intua, B xoToport csexteHbt AaHHble o
HexoTophix cpoToitax, oTsettalownx pa3Juitnibim HacToTam. -
.11106011bITHO, 11T0 11p11 )1.11HHe BOJII1b1 (POTOIia B ormy
cTomn.Tunrapintylo )10.1110 caHmmeTpa (c.nynafl, riptiseileHHbul
Ta6.ruwe) ero macca H 24 pa3a npesumaeT Maccy noxon
311eKTpolia.
Terrepb Mb! AOCTaTOI1HO xopomo 31IaK0MbI CO CBeTOM, tITO-
6bI nonbrraTbcs no cseTy, Hcnycxaemomy aTomamm, cdrkezaTb
3thunot1eHne 06 HX cTpoeHHH.
3*
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
?
35.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
we gacToTa cseTa. Tax, HanpHmep, aueprim 'anima 4)Ho.neTo-
soro cseTa, o6.na,aaioutero gacToToil 8 ? 1014 B cexputy, njtnoe
6o.nbure elleprull xsanTa xpacHoro cneTa, o6.na,Ratoutero ga-
cToToil 4 ? 1014 B cexywly. anexTpoll B meTazne He moNceT
I1pH1111Tb y 113.ny4ernrst J11o6y10 elleprmo. OH He mmeT nor.no-
TI4Tb nanosinty tpoTolla, HMI Asa, 11.n11 Tpn cpoTolla cpa3y.
-3.nexTpon B meTame NtoxceT 110rJ10TIITb Cpa3y TOJIbK0
0,/13111 (POT011. ECJIH 3tteprim 3T0f0 ckoToHa itocTaTogna, 4To6b1
Bb1pBaTb 3.nexTpoll 113 meTa.n.na, TO 011 mo>xeT BbIpBaTbC51;
ec.nH 9Heprus1 HertocTaTogHa ? e.nexTpou BbIpBaTbCH He MO-
mteT. 9HeprHst supnaitHoro 3.nexTpoHa onperte.nneTcn TOJIb-
KO exeprilefi nor.noutennoro 11M ckoToua. IlongTHo, TO
(Tha He 3aBlIC11T OT tiButa Apyritx (POTOHOB, na,n,aioutux Ha
meTa.n.n.
MOLLIHOCTb IICT0141111Ka cseTa onpen,e.nsteT TOJIbK0 tHICJI0
na,n,axantlx Ha meTazn (POTOHOB, a 311a1111T, H BbIpbI-
Baembtx 113 meTa.n,na e.nexTpoHon, no He 'ix aueprmo. Bce cxa-
3aHHoe OTHOCIITC51, xollenuo, He TOJIbK0 K BHAHmomy cseTy,
HO H K ..rno60my 113JIytle111110. YJIbTpa(PHOJICTOBbIe H peuTreHon-
mute xsaHTbt, o6.na,n,asi 66.nbuiell 3neprneil, BblpbIBaIOT 3J1eK-
Tp0Hbl 113 neatecTsa ropa3Ao aytme, tleM KBalITb1 BH,H,Hmoro
cseTa. Ho ecTb cn.nasbi meTaznos, y KOTOpbIX ,rtaNce HeB11-
)1,14MbIe 11H4)paxpacHb1e .nygit (Hcnycxaembie c.na6o HarpeTbi-
MIL TeJIa1111), 40TOI1b1 KOTOpb1X o6.na11a10T menbureil eneprneil,
gem tkoToubt swasmoro cseTa, BblpbIBaIOT 9J1eKTpOlIbI.
Taxtim o6pa3om, > cTpoeHHem o6,na,n,aeT
He TOJIbK0 xamcytu,eecsi HaM CI1J1011111b1M semecTso, HO 11
CBeT.
910 oTxpbtTlle, nopa3HTe.nbnoe camo no ce6e, npHse.no K
H3MeHeHHI0 npeitcTaszermil 0 npHpo,n,e cneTa, a 3aTem H 0
ncex 113BeCTHbIX gacTmtax maTepHH (3.nexTpoHax H ApyrHx,
3HaKOMCTBO C KOTOpb1M11 Ham elite npeAcToHT).
B XVII Bexe 6bunt BbIABI1HyTbI Atie Teoptut cneTa. Hb10-
TOH CtIFITaJ1, 11TO CBCT ripe,acTaanneT 11010K KpOXOTHbIX tlaCT1111
seutecTsa ? ?xopnycxy.n? eseTa (ixopnycxy.noil H Mb1 6mem
Ha3b1BaTb ma.neHmule ixomotnui ? AP06111IKH, 11bIJIIIHKH Being-
cTsa). DoilreHc cturra.n CBCT BOJIHaMH oco6ort maTepHH ?
?mHposoro acimpa?, 51K05b1 3ano.nmou1ero ace npocTpatt-
CTBO.
06e TeopHH OKa3aJIHCb HesepHbimm: CBT ecTb H BOJIHM, H
KOPIIYCKyJIbI ofi,HospemeHHo. Ero npmpo,nsa ABOLICTBeHHat
npeAcTaBrub ce6e 310 OtleHb Tpy,n,Ho: 310 ?Alia 143 OCHOBHbIX
Tpy,nHocTect 4113HKH HatuHx
34
9J1eKTp0MaIIIHT110e- H3J1r1e1111e ? pailHOBOJIlfbi, CI3eT
II T. ,13,. ? ABIDIcetcsi B npocTparicTBe 110 3axoHa1 ABIDKeH1151 .
0,rwaxo npripodna 113ny4e11Hst H BOJ1H Ha _sue pa3.nHgna.
Kor,rta no nosepxHocTH o3epa 6excHT swum, noita He TegeT c
BOJIII0/1. OT,LLeJIblibIe tlaCTH11.13I BO,L1bi JIHWb Rane6inoTot insepx-
11 B11/13: BelllseCTBO B0,11,131, maTepHit, He ABII)KeTC11 nmecTe C
B0J1110ii.
Ho xorita palutocHrHaz oTpunaeTcst OT aHTenubi nepe-
Ammer' pairmocTaHnHll HAH .nyg cseTa nommaseT nopo,r(HB-
tuyio ero 3se3,ny, Tor.aa OT nepe,rtaTtnixa x npHemnHxy, OT
itaJleK0f1 3Be3,abl K Ham HeceTcst 9.nexTpomarnHTHoe H3.nPre-
Hite ? maTepHn. _
.H3Ayttenue ? ?alai 113 611a08 AtareptIll, Tax ?xe Kat( H CBSI-
aattBoe c 3.nexTpHgecimmu 3ap1mam1t enexTputtecxoe. go.ne
1IJIH mariniTHoe 110JIe BoKpyr TOMB.
KaKIINIII }ice CBOliCTBaMH xopnycxya o6.1a?ttaeT 1-1*3.nygeHHe,
cBeT?
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He 71/2 WIN 533/4. 4HCJI0 Hopnycxy.n ? ny.nb moxcer
6bITb TOJIbK0 TaKFIMI3 mce CBOIICTBaM11 o6.naaer
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nnepsbie o6Hapyxtho Ha onbrre s_1900 roily H 113Mep11.11 pyc-
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III06011bITHO, TITO npH ,runnHe BOJIIIbI cpoToHa B o,n,Hy
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anexTpoHa.
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6bI 11011bITaTbCH 110 cseTy, Hcnycxaemomy aTomamm, cAe.naTb
3amogemie o6. Hx cTpoeHHH.
3*
35
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
-
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MX oicpacice coeepuieinio tieameTtio vIj y.ng3a. Ho mu vgt-
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3HeprHIO, 9neKTpoay II0Ha,a0611JIHCb bI.:. MHAJIHOHHble AOJIH
ceKvitabT! A OT/LB CBOIO aHeprnio, SJIeKTp0H-,LLOJIHefi Hemu-
Hyemo ynacTb Ha n;Lpo. flo,nyuaeTcn, 11TO atom, 96,na,rkaiou.IHri
Talcum cTpoeHHem, cymecTHoBaTb, He mo)KeT.
B ReficTBITTe.nbirocTH Nice yllepeHHo, mu( ec.rat 6b1 3lle3tb1 IlaX0A14.1111Cb Ke camoe Ha6aniQueTc5l HAmbuie: xiimutieciKe riporicxo,n,HT npu 3TOM C aTomom?
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mmem Tenepb, me)K,ay npotnim, Tonnee onpeae.nirrb, 11T0 Ta-
Koe anbcpa-LiacTHua. re.nnti HmeeT B Ta6.nHue Meti.ameesa
nopstn,KoBbiii Homep Asa. CJICA0BaTeJ113110, aTOM re.nllsi COCTO-
HT 113 suipa, Hecyntero LiBofiHoil 110J10)1(11TeJlbHbIll 3apnA, H 113
AByx Bpaulaionuixcn Borcpyr HApa 9JlekTp0HOB. A.TH4a-tiacTH-
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a.nbcpa-pacna.ae, B smpo Apyroro DoemeHTa, o6.naLiaiouiero
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Ha Jule emaniubr aTOMHb1M Homepom. A TaK Kai< aTOMFIblil
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esa, TO HOBbIri 9.11eMeHT oica>KeTcsi CABHflyTbli?l B Ta6mine Ha
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TBI( mai< npu 3TOM 113 Lapa (Hmeimo 113 Hapa, a He 113 -3.neK-
TpoHHoli 060J1041(11) Bbh/leTaeT 04,11H 3J1eKTPOH. CJIe.II,OBaTeTlb-
110, 110TIONCHTeJlbilblfi 3ap5ui sLapa yBeautillBaeTcsi Ha e,aiiHnuy.
H B.DTOM.czyNae o6o.notiKa aToma nepecTpaHBaeTcn, npH5em
45
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
aTOM npn nepBoil 1303M0>KHOCTII 3axBaTbmaeT HeAocTalotunii
emy Tenepb aneKTpoll. HoBbifi TOM rOTOB. Ero mecTo B Tao-
Jame Merl/Ie./teeBa cmew,aeTcH Ha ?Any KneTKy BnepeA, XOTE
ero aTomumil Bee He Hgmetin.ncH.
?B pegyabTaTe pacna.Ra aTOMOB, nepexomminx B Apyrne
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meHHeTcH Ha ?Lien ma.nylo Be.nminy. RApo oTitaeT 113-
.natueK gueprini, OCTaBIEFIfiC51 B EleM nocoe a.Kwba- H.rm 6eTa-
pacnaRa, B BHJ1C KBauTa s.neKTpomaruHTHoro ugAytielms
oReHb 6o.nbwoll EaCTOTbl, HAIL KK o6pagno BbipmaloTcH
4/13311K11, B mute KaTcH Bao.nb oco6oil Kpn-
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11011b1 0TKJ10115ITC51 ieume 11 oKa)Kyrcn 6.nnme K ocn Tpy6KH,
mexnentible 01KJI0IISITCH cHAbnee.
Honbi pa3.nntmbix maccli3apsmoa pacnoAaraioTcn Ha pa3-
J1111.111b1X Kpnabtx. 1/10Hb1 C 60J1b111011 Niaccon no. ,II,erICTBileN1
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neon. C Niaccon 21.
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B npn6ope oKa)KyTcn etue 110HbI, o6.na,aatowne pa3ubimn 3apfi-
Aam11; Beab y neKoTopbix aTomoa moryT oKa3aTbcH oTopaan-
HbIMII He unit, a ,aaa 3.neKTpoua. 9TH 110I1bI 6y,ayT OTKJ10-
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ma1ow,He OA110 H TO ?ice mecTo B Ta6.n1lue Meme.neeaa, no pa3-
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1103,11Hee 6bum nocTpoeHbt ropa3,ao 6o.nee coaepweHHbie
npn6opb1. aneKTputlecnte H marHHTlibie C11.11b1 B iteficTay-
IOT TaX, 11TO I3Ce 110IibI o,annaKoaoti maccm Fle3aBIICHMO 01111X
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tiep-
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aTombi, coAepicauutecsi Aamce B otieBb mazom KomitiecTBe.
Kpome Toro, moccbi aTOMOB yitaeTca H3MepHTb C Becbma
60./1bW011 TOIIIIOCTb10, Aoxuaatefi /to MI1J1J11101111bIX
npouewra. lipn6opbr 3111 11a3b1BalOTCH Atacc-cizeicrpoapackaAtti.
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C fix II0M0111.1310. OKa3a.nocb, 11011111 ace anemenTbi o6.na-
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MO)KeT 6b1Tb, 3TO moryT c,rte.naTb 3ap5ottbi Apyroro 311aKa ?
a.newrpoHbt? 3ra 1%1131C.I1b, xa3a.nocb, y6e2i1re.r1bneilw1t1 o6pa-
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ecan H3 mep BblJleTalOT 6eTa-ttacTutbt, TO ecTb 6bicTpbie
3J1eKTp0Hbl, TO, 3Ha9HT, 01111 11111e1OTCH B HApax.
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Ha.nutnte 3J1e1CTp0HOB B HApe JI,OJINC110 6b1J10 6b1 cKa3arbcH
Ha neKoTopbix iteTaxix cneKTpoa aTOMOB. A 3T0 He 6biao o6-
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pa11103KTH13lible 1430T011b1 no,Ropdga nmeloT SiApa, COCT051111,11e
113 oxioro npoTona H 113 npoToHa H nerapoua. 143oronbi JIH-
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Tp0HOB H 113 Tpex 11p0T011013 14 geTbipex nerapoHoa.
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ro,aap5r aTomy 11X maccbi otieHb 6.71H3KH, a, 3HaIIIIT, maccoabie
tmc.na 0)111HaKOBbl. Tenepb MONC110 npHAaTb 6anbumfl CMb1CJI
qMaCCOBOMy qHCJIy>> ? oxpyraeHHbal aTomnbai nec AaeT B
TOIIHOCTif tilICJI0 ttacTint (11pOTOHOB 11 FICHITp0HOB) 13 HApe.
TaK, oAHHaKoaoe maccosoe Immo 40 Hmelar H3o6apbi aproHa
(18 17pOTOHOB u22 HerrrpoHa), KaJ1H51 (19 11p0T0110B 1121 Hefi-
TpoH) H KaJlbL(1151 (20 flp0T0110B 11 20 HerfTponoa).
nottemy >Ka HApa, He co,gep?KautHe pa3H0141?18111113IX 3ap5I-
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orrainumaloTcH Apyr OT Apyra c orpomnori cmoti!
64
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oitHoHmeHHo 3apsmettHbimH npoToHamil.
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sutepHoe npirrmeHtle mewAy npoToHamm ripeolkozeaaeT 14X
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ciio npoTollo3 13 ero impe (a 3HatIHT, 14 tutu() ero meic-
Tp0HOB).
? Tai, Hanpnmep, y aToma imc.nopo,ita B i,ipe 8 nporoHos.
143oTon Knutopoaa, co,ttep)Kauthri 17 qacrItu B 1,3spe, 63/aeT
.o6o3HattaTbcst TaK: KHc.nopoA178, a npit ,110J1b3013aH1414 XH-
mipleciumni CIIMBOJI@MH 011 63/AeT o6o3HaHaTbc5I O.
1 HanpuNtep, o Kip aroma icuc.sopos,a 16 smssi. 8 npoTosos c mac-
coil 1,00758 sascamil, 8 sertTposos c maccoil 1,00895. Cnosom 9TH
maccbi, nonytmm 16,13224, B TO spems sal< apo Klic.nopo,aa 16 neer
maccy 15,99562 (sec aroma iolc.nopo,aa 16,00000 msnyc sec BOCI,MH
9.11eKTBOHOB).
5 3aK. 934
ed for Release 2013/07/30 ? CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
? 65
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
? B TOr anncn XerK0 Harrill He BbIMICaI1140e ABI-10 rncio
frefaponos B supe aToma: ec.nn 143 np.nnoro tinc.na ttacTuu
(17) 13bIlleCT6 11HCJI0 HpOTOHOB (8), TO 110JITIHTC51 mtc.rto Hen-
Tp0HOB:
17-8 =-? 9.
Ham eine ripmrteTcH newutoxpaTno y6e)K4aTbcct B yito6-
CTI3e 9TOri 3anticn: 11ByM51 truc,namn cKa3ano BC8, 1.110 TOJIbK0
MOM0-10 CKa3aTb 0 twc.ne11 copTe ttacTut, BXO.gTIgHx B COCTaB
aToma H ero 51,apa (8 HpOTOHOB, 3nanwr 8 snewrponos,
17 ? 8 = 9 neriTponos).
Kpome npuse,Rennoil HaMH 3ar1icn, npnmensieTca 11 Apyrag
3anncb, Korita maccosoe 4HC.110 ranneTcm TaK)Ke cnpaaa csep-
xy, a 110p5IJIKOBbIrl HOMep aToma nnweTcH CJIeBa cm113y. flpll
3T0 3a11Hcn paccmoTpennbal namn 1430T011 mic.nopolta 060-
3IlatlaeTCH TaK: 8KHCJI0p01117, HJI14 8017. Mb! B 3T0r1 }mitre 6y-
Aem npnmenwrb nepBbiil 113 yKa3annbix namn cnoco6oa 3anncn.
rIpnaextem Tenepb Ta6.ninty, B KOTOpOr1 cseAenbt pe3y.nbTa-
TU TOt111131X n3mepenttil wromnbix BeCOB iieKolopblx TtacTint H
1130T0110B.
BACMCHT ATONIIIIAlii nomep Macconoe I
aneicrpoil
Boaopoa
Beptiamiii
Bop
Yrnepo.a
A3OT
!Klicaopo,u,
.66
I - I
1 2
0
Macca
0,00054862
1 1,00813
2 2,01473
4
3 I 3,01699
4,00386
6,01692
7,01816
9 9,01496
10 I 10,01617
11 11,01290
6 I 12
13 I 12,00388
13,00756
1. I
7
8
1
145
16
17
18
14,00753
15,00487
16,000000
17,00450
18,00485
9.T.a.Ta6inuta .nocayliKHHort. ,11.nst sToro HaAo npo-
-113BeCTI4 60J1bIllyI0 pa6oTy npoTHs ?milt npnTH)KeHHH? memay
inapamH, HaTpaTHTb 60.nbinyto 3Hepr1110. TOtIHO TK Ke HpK-
HO 110TpaTIITb 6o.nbwyto sHeprmo, t1To6bi yAa.nHTb npHTHrHsa-
tow,itecH Apyr K Apyry tiacTHubt Apa, trro6bt pasAe.tmTb HApo
Ha qacTH. HO TaK KK 9Hepriiff HHKorAa He mo>KeT 6ecc.neA-
HO 11Ctle3HyTb, ?Ha 6yAeT so3spauteHa, ecam ttacTimam 5111pa
1103BOJIHTb BHOBb COUIHTIHTbC51 Apyr c Apyrom. 17pu co-
eauttetwu naepubtx ilaCTU4 szdeptible MAW tipoueeoafir pa6o-
Ty ? ebtoenszercsi .9uepeu5l. 06bItmo oHa oTAaeTcH B sHAe
ramma-KBaFtTos 60J1bLLIOr1 tlaCTOTbl (sHeprmt).
HO KOJIb cKopo oTAaeTcH sHeprHH, TO OT,I1a8TC51 H Macca ?
macca nopo>KAaembix ramma-KBaHTos. Yobt.nb maccbt npoTo-
HOB H HeriTpOHOB 11p11 11X coeAtuieHtm B 51./1O H no.nytnna
Ha3BaHne 04e/cm maccbt.
?133secHs? o6pa3osastueec5! HApo H onpeAe.ims AetpeKT
MaCCbI, MO)KHO cpasy >Ke onpezte.nHTb, cxo.nhKo seer? 3Hepr1114
BKIIeJIHJI0Cb npH o6pa3osaHHH HA,pa 113 npoTonos H
Hecrrpowis.
I riepeXOR CT ORMIX BeJiHtlitH K apyrnt ,N10)KHO npoaanecra, 314a51,
To 1 rpamm =6,0245 ? 1023 aem, a 1 nanonarr-nac = 2,2453. 1025 30.
68
4To6bt no.nyHHTb ripeAcTas.netwe 0 TOM, C KaKtimu KOJIH4e-
CTBaM11 9aeprmi Mee', ripHx0AHTcH CTaJIKFIl3aTbC51, I1ar111EM,
Hanplimep, CKOJIbK0 sbwe,nHeTcH sHepritH npn o6pa3osattml
HApa remit:4 113 Asyx npoToHos H ,E1,ByX HerlTp0H013. C HO-
MOILIblO npHsexteHHort BbILLIe Ta6J1111113I M011C110 Hp0H3BeCTH BTOT
pactfeT. XOTH macca HApa re.nHH1 H He npHseAeHa, Ho ee
MO)KHO Har1TH, 13bItIT1 113
3J1eKTp0HOB. OilllaK0
BbI4HC.11e111151 MO>K110
ynpocTuTb, B35IB sme-
CTO macc HAep npocTo ? ?
maccbt aTomos. Flo-
ttemy 3T0 TaK, 13I1)3,110
113 pHc. 29.
Ha pitc. 29,a cure-
Ba H3o6pa>Kettbi coe-
AutonouwecH gacTit- ?
? cnpasa nany-
ttaemoe HApo. Ha
pile. 29, 6 c.nesa 1130-
6pa,meHbi ye
riefi-
TOHbI H aTOMbI 130,110-
p0,11,al, cnpasa ?
aTom re.nnt4. Ho
pm. 29,6 ountnaeTcH
Tem, tITO 14 c.nesa, H cnpasa K COeiiHH51eMbIM tlaCTI1HaM 11pH-
6as.neHo no 2 3.neicrpolia. A TaK KK %ICAO 3.11eKTp0HOB He
meHHeTcH, TO 14X Macca itHKaK He cKa>KeTcH Ha HsmeHemitt
maccbt ripit npespaweHHH: HsmetteHne maccbt CB513aHO TOJIbK0
C H3meHenHem maccbt 51/1spa. BOT nottemy A.ns acex BbIt1HCile,
? MONSHO 1-10J1b30BaTbCH H3mepeHtib1Mnt maccamn aTONIOB H
He TpaTHTb Tpyaa Ha BbItHICJICHHe maccbt HAep.
14TaK, IICKOMblrIA&PeKT maccbt paseH:
iletiteKT maccbi = (2Xmacca HeitTpoHalo+2Xmacca BoRopoaal)-
-(macca rentisi2).
4\
maccbt aToma reaHR maccy Asyx
0 0 }
o lipomou
? Helimpou
3neumpou
lul op6ume
6
Puc. 29. B oboax czynasx a H 6 y6b1nb
maccbi casnalla c coe.mmeallem nporolion
II neirrpoilon 13 nap?. ,Bo6aana nayx 3.11eKT.
polloa cneaa H cripalia B 6 peayabrara tie
meaner
n0./1,CTaBJ15151 DTH BeJ114411Hbl 113 Ta6.111111bI, Hafinem (tamTeJIb ripH >Ke.naHHH .nerKo nposepHT Haw pesy.nbTaT): AeclieKT
maccbt paseH 0,03030 aem. 31-latiuT, KO.T1I1tleCTBO 13b1,[1,e.111?113-
iudicH sHepritH pasHo ?
0,03030 ? 9,3172 108 = 28,23 ? 10830.
69
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Asa,a,HaTb BOCeMb C geTBepTb10 MHJIJIHOHOB anexYpoll-
BOJIbT 3Heprim nu,ae.aneTcn npu o6pa3onaHHH QaHoro aToma
(H,apa) remoil 113 ,LI,BYX HeilTp0H0131) H ,B,ByX aTOMOB (suldp)
so,aopoaa 1, Ho 3T0 4IICJIO BC6 KC eLlte linger? He ronopHT
Hammy noo6paHcei1I11o. Mlloro 3TO HJII1NtaAo? . .
4To6u CyAllTb 06 3TOM, nepermem K I1pliBb114Hb1111 KOJIHIle-
cTsam ripenpaw.aemux nemecTn.
KaKan ?ROAR OT Niacc C0e)1,111151eMbIX aTOMOB ozaaercsi c
3HeprHert?
Macca coeaunnemux aTomos B04,0p0,/tal H Her1Tp0H0131
pamfa 4,03416 aeAt, a ,a,e(1)eicr maccu 0,03030 aeAi.
CJIC,110BaTeJlbH0, C 3Heprneil oT.aaeTcn BOT KaKan qaCTb
maccu:
0,03030
- 0,0075, HMI 0,75?/a maccu.
4,03416
DTO 311a1111T, econ coeium rpamm BoAopo,Ra ii HefiTpo-
HOB (MATH nopony, no 1/2 rpamma), TO C 3Heprnefi 6y11eT
oT,aaHo 0,0075 rpamma maccu. A TaK KaK oT,aatia 1 rpamma
maccbt COOTBeTCTByeT 25 000 000 KIIJI0BaTT-11BCOB, TO no.ny-
tleHHort naatte s 0,0075 rpamma oTnetmeT nsute.neHne aHep-
FHB:
0,0075 ? 25 000 000 = 187 500 Knoonarr-qacon.
ECJII1 6b1 MO>KHO 6b1JI0 cHaftaTb KpynHyio 3-neKTpocTaH-
BH10 MOLL1HOCTb10 B 100 000 KHJ10BaTT BMeCTO yr.nn sodaopo-
AOM H HeilTpoHamH, TO 3a CyTKI1 pa6oTni CTaf111,11H II0J11113111
pacxoa COCTaBI4J1 661... 12,8 rpamma ?TOBJ111Ba?, a C ylleTOM
HeH36e>KHux FIOTepb - npHmepHo 25 rpamm ?TOI1J111Ba? B
CyTKH (npHmepHo no 12,5 rpamma no,aopo,aa 114 HefiTp0HOB),
TO eCTb 9 KHAorpammon ?T0I1J11113a? B FO,a. 4T06b1 110JITIHTb
TaKoe )1(e KOJIlitleCTBO ueprriii, 11p1I1LIJI0Cb 6b1 (11p14X0,11HTCH!)
noTpaTHTs 6o.riee 200 000 Ky6HtlecKnx meTpon .nyquiero
Ka-
MeHJ-IOJ'O yrinn.
'fliplfesa-enHurri npHmep 1103BOJIBeT Cy,[1,11Tb-0 TOM, KaK Be-
ANKH KOJIHtleCTBa 3HeprliH, KOTOPbIe moryT 6blTb 1-1011y4eHbI
HRH npespanlemix aTOMHbIX siRep.
-ebtaensuou(asicst tipu'npeepauieraia aTOAtnbtX
kaep,U noeur ticieaanue-aidAitioti--aftepeuu.
- -Kcimeinio,ITotmee-6u.no b1 Ha3saTs'3Ty sHeprHio- cniteN
Hat 3HeprHefl?. Ho Ha3naHae ?aTomHan-3HeprHH? y}Ke unipm
KO 11pIIHRTO, Rife HaM -sto=meHyrrs-; Hy?,KHo TOJIbK0 110HIIMaTb
cyTn ,aexa, 3HaTb, KaKOBO npoHcx6)K- Aemit'?3-HePrlig,
70
_
He.comHeuno, ;ITO 1111TaTeJ1b, Y3HaB, tITO }K6-TaKoe ?aTom-
Ilasi 3Hepritsi?, cpa3y >ice 3a,u,acTcH nonpocom: a KaK ee
no.nyLiaTb 11 IICII0J1b30BaTb? Bonpoc 3aKOHI1b111, 11 Mb! Ha Hero
OTBeTHM. HO 011,J151 TOCO, trro6u ,aaTb oxm,a,aembal OTBeT, Heo6-
X00,11M0 HeCKOJIbK0 noapo6Hee 1103HaKOMI1TbC51 CO CBOCICTBaM11
aTomuoro HApa 11 BX0ABW,11}C B Hero ilacTHH.
4. Illpenpaw,eHHe aaemeHTapHwx qacTwa
AKa)J,CMIIK ?Q. B. CK06eJlbgb1H H3yilaz c nomoutwo Kame-
phi BHJIbC0Ha npHxomanHe Ha 3eMJI10 113 r.ny6HH mHponoro
npocTpaHcTna ?KOCMHIleCKlie .nytHi?. Kamepa 6u.tra nomewse-
Ha meNcay noJnocamH 6o.nsumx marmiTon. lipaneTanuine
cKno3n Hee cnepxy BH113 3apH}KeHnue 4aCTI111,61 OTKJ101151J111Cb
B MaFIIIITHOM rime, H 3T0 TIO3BOJIHJI0 onpe,aemiTy 3Ha1C 11X
3apa,aa. Kpome Toro, no xapaKTepy - ?}KHpliOCTH? - c.ne,aa
MO)KHO 6bIJI0 Cy,11,t1Tb 0 Macce tiacTma. CK06eJ1b11,bIH o6paTwn
KuimaHue Ha HeKoTopue, conepineHllo He06bI4HbIe CJleAbl.
CJIeRbI, 0 HOTOpbIX MbI ronopHm, no cnoemy xapaKTepy
( 4aCTIIU. B Ka-
mepe BH,11bCOHa npHae-
"Lex? Ha clooTor,pagmH
(pHc. 32).
Bce (10H3lIgeCK0e H tic.H.nococpcxoe 31-ianeHHe 3T1-IX tPaKTO,B
orpomHo. YneHbie Hatiami CBOri IlyTb B MH p MaJ1bIX BeJ1141413H C
aTOMOB, xoTopbie npe.acTaHniumcb Kozaa-To HeReJiHmbimit H
BegHbINIII, War 3a warom OHM npomniall B TailHbraToma,
ero Ha 3.nemewrapHbte nacnium 3J1eKTp0Hb1, 11p0T0Hy,
HerfTp0HbI. 14 BOT oxaabmaeTcH, tITO 3JIeMeHTa_pHbIe gaCTH-
-11,bI ? 3.11eKTp0HbI, 1103HTp0HbI, a Tax}xe KBaHTbI dBeTa HeBeg-
-11131, moryT npeapatuaTbcs Apyr B Apyra.
.
3T11 npeapaa.temin saemewrapHbtx nacTint scex COpT013,
KK Mb1 yattatim, 01A3A41IP.b ne BCKJI1Ot4eHHeNt, a-npatimom.
Puc. 31. Pominenne Anyx nap ramma-
nygaNtp npn lix npoxoNmennn epea
CBHHell. TOtIKII, B KOTOpbtX pomixaturcs
tiacrnabi, ontetteubi upernonin
73
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
A Be/lb 3a Nuioro ACT jio 3T1IX OTKpb1TH1i, nopa3towHx
BeCb yt181113111 Amp, cute B 1909 roAy B.11a/LIIMHp 14J1b1411,11eitHH
nticaa:
Pim '32..Po}K,ReitHe manellbKoro zuIBH npu
ripommaemm 6bleTpb1X aapsiweinibix macTim
qepe TH ceiniKoBbte rmacTinnot II Kamepe
?11pH3Halille Kamix-Jm6o Hell3MenHbIX 3.nemenT0B, ? He113-
memioff cywHocTH Beutert? 11 T. 11. He ecTb maTepHamtsm, a
ecTb Atercupu3uitecicuti, T. - e. a IITHAHa.fieicrntieclual -maTepHa-
J1113M>>':
' OTKpbITHe 133a14M11b1X npespamemtii anemeHTapfibtx i4a6fnu
5113.11ReTC51 6J16CT51111,11M no,aTBepKAemtem 3T0r0 Bammernuero
110J10)Ke11HSIA11aznexTwiecxoro maTepHa.nH3ma. -? -
RepHemca Tenepb K 3ara,axe 6eTa-pacnaAa.
POKaemie H ymitrroxcernie nap 311eKTp0H-110311T1)0H Ifa-
TOJIKHyTIO HBaHeHICO 11 B. A. Am6apu,ymnaHa Ha ee
pe-
eHHH B. Pl. MaTerma.all31 If *3mm4poKpitiliwi3M. Coq, T. 14.
3.11eICTpOnbt, ebliteratOtlitIC 113 gaep aroma npu 6erd-
pactzaae, He coaepolcarcg gapax, a po9tcacuorc5Z UAW a
At0AteitT pacnaaa.
4T0 ?KC npolicxoAHT npirt 3TOM B HApe? MaCCOBOe
aToma, npeTepnemero 6eTa-pacnaA, He MelineTC2. C.neAoBa-
Te.nwto, o6w,ee tutc.no TH>K6J1b1X qacTint HApa iie menaeTcH.
Ho npH oTAatie ?Alia oTplluaTe.nbilo aapHx(elmoil tiacTuubt -----
3.newrpoua ? 3apsis, HApa yBe.nHimBaeTcH Ha ep,Hinmy. Cne-
A0BaTeabi-10, B HApe nomanHeTcH 1IOBb1i ipoToH H Hciteaaer
oAHH HeilTpoll. 3Haturr, npH 6eTa-pacna,use B wipe npoucxo-
an' ripeBpautemte oAHoro HeilTpoHa 13 npoToll H 3,1IeKTpoH:
tierrpon npoToti 9J1CliTp0H.
np0T011 ocTaeTcH B HApe, a 3JICKTp01.1 (6CTa-4a.CTilna) 113
SIxispa Bb16pacbmaeTc5l. KalCOBbl ycJloBHs1, nptt KoTopbtx MO-
)KT npollcxoAHTb 3T0 npeBpauteHHe 3J1eMeHTapHbIX tiacTut?
OtleBHAHO, mo6oe npespautemie llama B HApe CBSI-
3aHo c HameHemiem 3Heprtnt impa, a 3HatI1-IT, H ero maccbi.
IlpeBpauteHHH, C13513aHHbIe C yBe.rffitteHHem 3anaca 3Hep-
11414 S1,1:1;pa, MOT npoHcxoAuTb TOJIbICO B TOM czyttae, CUM He-
o6xoLuimag Ao6aBKa 3Heprmn 6yAeT no.nytteHa HApom HaBHe.
Ec.nH mce npeBpautemie HApa CBA311-10 C ymeHbutemiem ero
3HepritH, TO 11311111.11eK 3Heprint MONCeT 6b1Tb yHeceH Bbt6pacbi-
Baemb1mu 143 sw,pa ItacTHuam11, II 1BJIHHC mox(eT 11poH3ot1TH
3a citeT npeBpautemill B camom HApe 6e3 Bcmcoro Bmeina-
Te.nbcTBa CO CT0p0Hb1. 111MeHHO 3T0 H npoticxoAHT tipH paAHo-
aKTIIBlibIX npeBpatueHnHx. 3ru npeapattienug aceeaa npouc-
xoagr TaK, (ITO 3/Jaw/lust Atacc gapa, 603tiliKalOtt4ee0 npu hpe-
spattieHuu, u apyeux ttacruq, tcoeaa gapo u itacrutot nokogi-
cg, met-wine item Atacca pactiaaatou4eeoc5l gapa.
Pa3HOCTb macc yHocHTcH paa.neTwow,HmHcH xtacTimamkt
B BHAe MX3Hepritti TaKHm 06p,a3om macta npit
nperspautemut Hm{y,a,a He nponaAaeT, coxpaHaeTcH.-Ho ymeHb-
uweTcH macca noKoa Bcex ttacTuu H BORBA SleTCA macca COOT-
BeTcTBytoutero KOJffl4CCTB iieprun,II,B14>K6111151 -31111X tlac-THu.
.4T06b1 BbIMCHMTb, wane ?Ke HApa MOT 11C11131TbI1faTb 6eta-
pacnaA,, paccmoTpum Quint nplimep.
MONCHO 110JITIHTb ?cseprrstke.nbift? .H3oTon realist
re.nHH1, coLtepwainal B ntpe 2 npoToHa 14 4 HerrrpoHa (B npll-
poRe TaKoro re.nHH Her; 0 TOM, KK )1,06b113.alOTC51 no,tto.6Hb1e
1130T011- 131, 6Y,ReT paccxasamo HIPRe). ATOMHbIll Bec 3Toro 1130-
-Tona 6,02090. Bo )ite apemsitimedTc?H H3OTon?-meTa.n.na JII4TH51
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30 ? CIA-RDP81 01043R0077nnncnnn9 A
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/30: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200050002-6
t.
]
C TCM )1Ce tqaCCOBbIM tHICJIOM 6 - anTnfig? Ero aTomnbai nec
menbtue, COCTall/MeT 6,01692, 3Ha4HT, i ero aneprnn menbute,
item y re.nn4. BOT notiemy re.rm4 ncnbrrbisaeT 6eTa-pac-
naA, apespautancb B JIIITIllig:
6
suipo renun2 sup() auTHH3 -r 9aCliTp0H.
Ilepno,tt no.nypacna u
Aa pnon
ansnoro re.rm4 COCTaBJ151ei
mem JIHIllb 0,8 ceKyn,abr.
0AnaKo neT JIll 0w116Kn B Haulm npeAcTas,nennnx?
Bnpase JIH Mb! TOBOINITb 0 TOM, tITO lierap0H - memerrrap-
naff gamma 11 tITO npn 6eTa-pacnaAe OH npeepauiaercn B
npoTon H aneKTpon? Mo)KeT 6b1Tb, neilTpon COCTOF1T H3 nei-
TOH ii npoTona? HeT, 9T0 ne Talc H npuseAennoe !wine
oftncnenne npasn.nbno. B 3TOM }lac y6e)Kottaer nmenne,
ompbrroe B 1934 roity 3HaMeHliTbIM cppamty3cKum (I3t3nKom
Cipe,a.epnKom )Kozno-Klopn. STs.neFute COCTOHT B TOM, tITO
ue-
KOTObI paiwoaxTitsnbie smpa sbi6pacbisaKyr npn pacnue
He 311eKTpOlibI, a 110311Tp0HbI. FlpH 3TONI B ns,pe nponcxwurr
npespautenne npoTona B HellTp0H II no3wrpon:
npoToH HeiliTpoH 110311Tp0H.
Paccmounm npnmep Taiwro npespautentisi.
MUCH? H3TOTOBIFTb ncKyccTsenno 1130T011 a3oTa -
a3OT 173 . ATOMHbIll sec nor? 1130TOIla pasen 13,00990 aeAt. B
TO ?Ke spemn nmeeTcn yr.nepo/t c maccosum 11HCJIOM 13 - yr-
macca KoToporo Mellbule, COCTaBJISIH 13,00756 ae.q.
COHOCTaBJI5151 9TH Aallable, npnxo.anm K abisoay, tITO a3oTii
itomKen npespaTubcnB yr.nepoil. TaKoe npespainenne II
nponcxunT B sue I10311TPOHHOM pacnazta. IlpOTOH npespa-
utaeTcH B Her1Tp0H H II0311Tp011, neilTpon omens' B H,ttpe, a
11031-1Tp0H sbi6pacbtsaeTcsi:
13
a3OT13 7 ---4- ynnepoo, 6 II0311Tp0H.
Ilepnoa nanypacria,rfsa a3oTa1 COCTaILTISICT 9 NIHHyT
56 ceKyKa.
ivtoryT IIMeTb mecTo B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT yczosnn
npespautemg:
HenTpoH npoToH 9.ileFrrpoHl
apOTOH ild1Tp0H 110311Tp0H.
COHOCTaBJIHFI 9TH CTpOtIKH, yi5e?Kitaemcst B TOM, t1TO nu
fiearpott, till nporott liC.4b3R paccAtarpusarb icax cocTaanylo
76
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