TASKS OF EAST GERMAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRY DURING SECOND FIVE-YEAR PLAN

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP81-00280R000100030083-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 8, 2011
• Sequence Number: 83
• Publication Date: September 20, 1956
• Content Type: REPORT

Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/04/08 :CIA-RDP81-0028080001000 3-0~
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/04/08 :CIA-RDP81-002808000100030083-0
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 TASt~ OF EAST.CLRMAD CRH{ICAL INDUSTRY
DURING SECOND FIYE-YEAR PLAN
Ch~mische Technik
Berlin, Vo1,VIZI, Apr 56
STAT
The main task of the First Five-Year Plan vas to rebuild Lhe plants of
the basic cbemical industry in Central Germany, vhich hnd been greatly ef-
fected by the war and vhich constituted about 40 percent of the total German
potential in 1943, and to adept production to domestic rav materials. The
production program, especially that of pharmaceuticals, plastics, synthetic
fibers, etc., had to be developed end supplemented and the quality of.these
products had to be brought to n level vhich would make 1i possible Lo compete
in international trade. Furthermore, the research and developmental labors- .
toriea?of the chemical industry had to be rebuilt end be made s_o productive
ns to achieve the goals of the First FSve-Year Plan. ?
During the First Five-Year Plan, gross production within the province
of the Mlnletry of Chemical Industry Increased to 192.7 percent [compered to
1951]. Labor productivity per production worker increased to 157.6 percent
during the'seme'period, accumulation increased to 150 percent, and producer's
costs were reduced 7.56 percent.. .
Compared to West Germany, East Carman per capita production of the key
products indicated vas as follows in 1954: ~ ?
Item
nest Germany
(in ~)
East Germany
(in ~)
soda
18.7
20.6
Caustic
soda
9.7
12.6
Ammonia
14.1
17.5
Nitrogen
fertilizer
13.0
15.3.
Calcium
carbide
16.1
~ 39.9
A crucial-prerequisite for the further growth of total-.industrial pro-
duction is uninterrupted technical progress. A higher technical level must
be attained by mechanizatlo^ and automatization of production sad by essential
improveaent ,~f the quality of the individual products. Existing [rav material]
reserves remain to be uncovered and to be supplied to production: The dis-
cussions for the 1956 Enterprise Collective Agreement (Betriebekollektiwertreg)
pointed to these reserves and included them in the plane for technical organl-
zetionsl progress and in the plane for rationalization measures. The prelims-
nary plans, vhich are to be worked out by the Office Yor Inventions, and the
emphasized tasks to be performed, are to be discussed 1n production conferi~nces
and in work areas.
To raise production to 165 percent [compared to 1951], vhich is the goal
of the Second Five-Yenr Plaa, labor productivity per production worker will
have to be increased to 144.5 percent, compared to 1955, by further reducing
manual work. During the same period, producer's costs are to be reduced 16.5
percent, sod accumulation is to be Increased to 265 percent.
The main tasks is the development of production in the chemical Snduetry,
based upon the Secor3 Five-Year Plan of the Economic Commission of the Socialist
Unity Party vhich wart submitted to tie enterprises; administrations, sad sci-
entific institutions for discussion, consist of s further production increase
in basic chemicals. Thus, for example, the production of sulfuric acid ~is to
- 1 -
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/04/08 :CIA-RDP81-002808000100030083-0
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/04/08 :CIA-RDP81-002808000100030083-0
be raised to 152 percent, compared to 1954; that of soda, to 153 percent;
of caustic soda, to 139 percent; of nitrogen fertilizers, to 114.5 percent;
of phosphorus fertilizers, to 2l+7 percent; and of synthetic rubber to 170
percent. .
A nev ple;;t for the extraction of sulfuric acid from gypsum is to be
constructed in Cosvlg during the Second Five-Year Plan; two nev phosphorus
fertf.llzer plnnts are to be Duilt in Bezirk Ralle; and a compost plant is to
be erected in Plesteritz. The production of "Stiknphos" (trade name)
and urea-based fertilizer is to be resumed. Another plant for. sedr. produc-
tion is being constructed on the basis of carbon dioxide from the Leuna Plant
and lime from the Buna Plant. Moreover, plnnts for synthetic rubber produc-
tion arc to be considernJly enlarged.
By 196'J, aluminum production is to be increased to 252 percent ~terma of
reference not given], and during the Second Five-Year Plnn; magnesium produc-
tion is to be resumed, so that it will already have attained an appreciable
amount by 1960. During the same period, processes for titanium and zirconium
production are to be developed further and the production of these metals is
Lo be token up. A series of developmental tasks, for example, alumina mush
be extracted from clay, from siliceous bauxite, and from brovi+ coal ashss, to
increusc aluminum production.
A significant expansion of synthetic gasoline production is required to
increase production of fuel, ammonia, and methanol. During the Second Five-
Year Plon, a catalytic crocking plant and a platforming plant .are to be con-
structed in the YEB (people-owned enterprise) "Wolter Ulbricht"-Plant at Leuna.
The ~ecor~d Five-Year Plan also provides for an essential increase is cal-
c:um carbldE nz?oducti.on. For this reason, among others, the present ovens in
the \'EB Buna Clie~aical Wor}ts are being converted and enlarged to handle s greater
load in order to attain the planned production increase..,
To provide dependent industries with the necessary prerequisites for in-
troducing nev technology, industries producing plastics and synthetic fibers
will increase their production quantitatively and oua litatively;by. enl.argirig
'their assortment. Thus, thr- plan calls for n^ increase in the~productlon of
PVC to 172 percent, compared to 1955, and of Perlon, to .184 percent. The em-
phasis in synthetic fiber production is on Wolycron and Laoan (Terylen). -The
plant for producing Wolycron in ldolfen is being enlarged coi?siderably. The .
construction of a plant for the production of Lanon is also planned.
During the next 5 years, fire production is to be increased to 188 percent
and tl;e life of a sire is to be lengthened at least 50 percent, compared to
1955? T}~e ti re plants in Fcerstenvalde and Riess are bsi~-g enlarged to fulfill
this goal and ea c1+ will. soon have an automatic assembly line. Parallel to the.
expansion of production in the ti re industry, the productio^ of viscose cord
at Wolfen and Pirna is being expanded and automatized.
Through intensive research and development, the program for plastics which
are already in lnr~;e-scale production, (phenolic resins, amino resins, poly-
amides, polymethacrylates, polyvinyl ethers and esters), as well a~ for those
whose production is now starting (polyethyls, expoxy resins, polyurethanes,
silicones,.fluorocarbons, etc.}, is being considerabl;/ expanded, and the quality
of these products is bEieg constantly improved t,o maintain their world msrket
level and to occupy a leading position in world trade. These products are to
be nd~usted to the special tec:~nical requirements of the individual consumers.
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To create the condltiona necessary to increase -production, the beat,
s*oat modern, and most economic production processes are .being developed for
intermeilinte products. '
Crest tanks }save been presented to the chemical Sndustry in the pro-'
duction of special dyestuffs having a high degree of color fastness. The
expansion of bright dye production for textile dyestuffs is being carried
'out. A new factory for cupramine dyestuffs (beazo-'Zest copper dyestuffs)
which resist light, w ter, perspiration, and heat from ironing, is being
built.ln ilolfen. A new factory for Inorganic pigments is also planned.
Construction of an amine and ester production plant, which has already been
desigacd, x111 also be undertaken.
The most far-reaching mechanization and automatfzation of present plants,
the construction?of plants which are to be equipped according to the most
modem points of view, the outfitting of chemical industrial enterprises with
the moat modern measuring end xegulating equipment, and the mechunizatio^ of
the trnasportlon of rnv materials, intermediate products, and finished prod-
ucts will guarantee the highest level of labor productivity and the produc-
tion of high-grade products. Some of the working processes arc being con-
verted to be continuous operation.
For example, the production of sulfuric acid, superphosphates, synthetic
fibers, tires, and detergents is to be partially automatized, as is the pro-
duction of caustic soda, aluminum, films, and lacquers.
To be able to carry out the investments provided .for in the Second Five-
Year Plan, the VEB KIB [i;onstruktions-und Ingenieursbuero, Designing and
&nglneering Office] for Chemistry and all construction, designing, and organi-
zational offices o1' large enterprises, as yell as designing offices in machine-
building enterprises, are to be strengthened. However, this is possible only
by the planned direction of graduates from advanced and tectsn3cnl schools.
Representatives.of construction, designing, and organizational offices must
therefore be consulted in all matters pertaining to advanced and technical
school graduates. Only then will the necessary manpower gradually become -
available.
Moreover, managers must employ their rights which hive been granted to
them to a greater extent, even in decisions of plac:s and designs-for projects
valued up to 75,000 DM (as stipulated in Cesetzblatt, special edition of
10 February 1956).,
Suitable specialization and cooperation iss designing work must be under-
Laken in the 1;IB and in pleat technical offices. The KIB is to follow the
expansion goals of the chemical industry more than ever in an advisory capacity
and is to be supported by the Central Nork Circle for Research and Technology
which is soon to be created to deal with the technology of chemical operations
-and the development of chemistry,
To meet the requireme::ts of increased production, the education of the
coming genes?ntlon for the chemical industry and research is a problem of ut-
most importance which has to be solved. The Advanced Technical School in
Halle-Merseburg is increasing its capacity of 200 students in 1955 to 2,000
students by 1960. Also, the technical, schools for chemistry will enlarge their
capacities considerably. By 1960, some 2,700 graduates from thzse schools x111
be incorporated into the labor force. Sixty millio^ DM are provided .for the
enlargement of advanced and technical schnnlc.
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