SUMMARY REPORT ON TRANSPORTATION IN EAST GERMANY, THE USSR, POLAND AND CZECHOSLOVAKIA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A070000520001-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 35
• Document Creation Date: December 27, 2016
• Document Release Date: November 7, 2013
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: August 1, 1963
• Content Type: REPORT

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INFORMATION ,REPORT
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3.
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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE. AGENCY'
This material contains information affecting the National Defense of tile United States within the meaning of theEsvIbiage.Laws, Title
18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an tmauth
SECRET
NO FOREIGN DISSEM
COUNTRY
East Germany/USSR/Poland/
Czechoslovakia
REPORT
SUBJECT
DATE DISTR.
Summary Report on Transportation
in East Germany, the USSR, Poland
and Czechoslovakia
NO. PAGES 1
REFERENCES
by law.
--_50X1
50X1
50X1 -HUM
DATE OF
INFO.
PLACE &
DATE ACQ
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION. SOURCE GRADINGS ARE DEFINITIVE. APPRAISAL OF CONTENT IS TENTATIN50X1 -HUM
August 1963 summary repo 50X1-HUM...,
transportation in East Germany, the USSR, Poland and Czechoslo-
vakia. (35 pages in German, 33 pages English translation)
Distribution of Attachment:
ORR:
50X1-HUM
Army: Retention Retention of Copy #2 50X1-HUM
Air: Retention of Copy #3
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NO FOREIGN DISSEM
ORQVP 1
Exclude4 frpAr autornoiic
dow.gr@dingand
declaisification
STATE X 1 DM X 1 ARMY #X 1 NAVY --'46X 1 AM #X 1 WM X 1 MD 1 OCR X 1
(Note: Field distribution indicated by "#".)
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INFORMATION REPORT INFORMATION REPORT
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4.?
SECil
TRANSPORTATION
SUMMARY
AUGUST 1963
ORDUP 1
, Excluded frem antErnatit.
riongrailing ad ?
docii
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Transportation Summary for Au ust 1963
I. International Trans ort Relations
Conference on preparations for the opening of the northern
Mosyr (USSR) - Plock (Poland) Schwedt (Soviet Zone of
Occupation Germany) pipeline branch from the USSR to the
Western Satellites.
Scheduled opening: late December 1963.
Multi-purpose heavy freight cars in the Satellite area
(suitable for the transportation of armored vehicles).
See Annex 1.
II. USSR
Comparative transportation by all traffic units during the
first half of 1963.
70 per cent share of electric and diesel traction in railroad
freight traffic.
Progress of RR line construction.
Actual performance of electric, diesel and steam locomotives
in 1955, 1961 and 1962.
Road construction in 1963.
Roads opened for traffic between 1959 and 1962.
III. Soviet Zone of Occupation of Germany
Increase of railroad share in freight traffic from the
Federal Republic of Germany to Berlin (West) because of
low water levels impeding inland shipping.
Travels from Federal Republic of Germany to Soviet Zone in-
creased by 40 per cent compared with first half of 1962.
Only about 4,000.,Reichsbahn employees still residing in West
Berlin.
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Reichsbahn budget for railroad installations in West Berlin
is to amount to 2 million DM in 1963 and to 3 million DM in
1964.
Restrictions of inland 'shipping in "border waters" between
West Berlin and East Berlin.
Facilitation for West German ships to pass Soviet sector of
Berlin. ?
Withdrawal of Soviet Zone ships from vuest Berlin waters on
occasion of second anniversary of erection of wall.
Transportation by three traffic units during first half of
1963. .
Satisfactory operational situation, sufficient coal supply,
growing difficulties in supply of Reichsbahn cars.
High military demands on Reichsbahn due to training activity.
Double-tracking of Koethen - Bernburg line now declared"main
point of effort.
Probable double-tracking of qegeleben - Halberstadt stretch.
Construction of a new ramp in Satzkorn suitable for loading
of tanks.
"Klappdeckelwagen (hinged roof boxcars) of some Reichsbahn
car series renamed "Gedeckte Wagen" (boxcars).
At present about 400 km of roads blocked because of construction
work.
Repair work on the autobahn bridge over Elbe River near
Vockerode; planned double-lane construction.
Improvement of F-80, F-102, F-192 and F-194 highways.
Road construction in connection with military installations
in areas of ':Jittstook/Neuruppin Airfield.
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Decrease and partial stoppage of inland shipping due to low
Water levels.
During the 1963 Leipzig Fall Fair entire Leipzig traffic to
be 'dispatched from Schkeuditz Airport.
'Change of name of Soviet Zone Lufthansa.
IV. Czechoslovakia
Freight transportation arrears of Czechoslovak State Rail-
roads (CSD) risen to about 14 million tons.
Employment of military railroad engineers with CSD.
New road bridge over Otava River near VQ, 412 770 (Burg
Zvikov).
Danube Bridge in Bratislava blocked to trucks because of
repair work.
V. Poland
Tense operational situation of railroads continue.
Sidra
Completion of Kamienna Nowa/stretch (gauge-changing zone)
and Osieck Pilawa stretch by late September 1963.
Electrification of Debica- Rzeszow West stretch by late
September 1963.
Percentages of defective locomotives ranging between 12%
and 40% in June 1963.
Planning of new road connection between Elblag (Elbing) and
Gdanks (Danzig) with new bridge over Vistula River.
Bridge construction near Bohnsack (Dead Vistula, Gdansk
district) and Annopol (Vistula, Lublin district).
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I. International Trans! Relations
1. Pipelines from the USSR to the jestern Satellites
(see also Transportation Summary July 1963, Annex lf
Paragraph 2.a)
The preparations for the opening of the about 1,150 km
Long northern pipeline from Mosyr (USSR) - Plock
(Poland) to Schwedt(Soviet Zone of Occupied Germany) were
subject of a conference held by specialists from the
USSR, Poland and the SovietZone of Occupation of Germany
in Viarsaw; the conference ended on 17 August 1963.
Judging from the progress of the work so far, the plan
is likely to be fulfilled on schedule.
Late September 1963 : Completion of the bedding of
pipes in the Polish (appr. 670 km)
and Soviet Zone (25 km)sections.
Late October 1963 :
Completion of compression tests
and technical examinations of the
pump stations.
7 November to mid-
December 1963
Filling up of the Polish section
(Anniversary of the from the USSR
October Revolution)
Late December 1963 Opening ahead of schedule.
(Originally planned for early 1964).
It is taken into consideration to fill the pipes simul-
taneously from the West and the East, which would
require the crude oil to be transported by rail to the
Oder River. This would speed up the filling, and the
opening of the pipe branch could-possibly take place in
early December 1963,
2. Multi-Purpose Heavy Frei ht Cars in the Satellite Area
(suitable for the transportation of armored vehicles)
For details see Annex 1).
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II. USSR
1, General Tranuprtation
Transportation by all public traffic units during the
first half of 1963:
a. billion b. million fulfilment
ton/km tons in per cent
(corresponding
1962 figures in
parenthesis)
Railroads. 885 1,047 a) 105 (106)
b) 99.7 (103)
Motor
vehicles
16
920
Inland
shipping
39
89
Crude oil
pipelines
45
89
a) 102 (108)
b) 99 (103)
a) 92 (100.2)
b) 99.5 (99)
a) 102 (121)
b) lol (112)
The share of electric and diesel traction in rail-
road freight transportation amounted to 70 per cent.
2. Railroad Transport
a> Construction of New Lines
The progress of construction work on lines mentioned
below is as follows:
Abakan - Tayshet line (eastern section of the
South Siberian Magistrale). From Abakan to the
second tunnel near Dsheb (area of the Sayan
Mountains with 5 tunnels) more than 210 track
kilometers have been laid and at the same time
opened to work train traffic. About 50 km of
tracks have been laid from Tayshet to Abakan.
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The tracks from the West and the East are to meet at the
Krol f Pass. In ?the western section, a railroad bridge with
11 piers over a 60-meter wide gorge at the so-called
Kozinsk Curve" has been compreeted.
In addition, construction of and track laying in the longest
tunnel of the entire stretch, the so-called "Manskiy Tunnel"
(2.5 km), were completed; on 1 July 1963, this tunnel was
opened to work train traffic.
- Mikun' - Koslan Line
(northwestern branch of the Konosha -
Vorkuta line)
Provisional train traffic is performed from Mikun? up to
Kilometer Stone 85. The tracks have been laid up to Kilometer
Stone 101. Construction work, including the piling up of the
railroad embankment, has been started from Koslau.
- Reshoty - Boguchany Line (northern branch of the Transsiberian
Magistrale)
So far, almost 100 km of tracks have been laid.
The railroad bridge over the Biryusa River has recently
been completed.
- Tavda - Sotnik Line
(Sverdlovsk - Egorshino - Tavda stretch)
Construction work on this line has reached kilometer point
200; so far, 43 km of tracks have been laid as far as the
Kumbay swamp area.
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b. -Operating and Performance Data
The average actual performance of the individual types of
locomotives. in 1955, 1961 and 1962 was the following:
Daily running (1) electric
performance locomotives
in km
(2) diesel
locomotives
(3) steam
locomotives
Daily running
period in hours
(1)
(2)
(3)
"Technical
speed" (km/h)
(1)
(average speed
(2) .
of locomotive
(3)
with train irres-
pective of stops
"Line speed"(km/h) (1)
permissable cruis-
ing speed of loco- (2)
motive with train,
stops being included (3)
Daily transportation (1)
in thousands of gross (2)
t/km
(3)
Weight of trains (1)
(gross tons) (2)
(3)
1955
1961
1962
382.2
575.7
579.0
362.1
494.5
491.0
277.3
319.7
315.5
9.38
12.28
12.08
9.65
11.79
11.45
7.72
8.27
3.03
'41.8
48.5
49.5
37.0
42.9
43.6
36.7
39.3
39.8
30.0
38.8
39.8
26.5
32.1
32.5
24,3
26.3
26.1
641
1,125
1,169
531
1,067
1,056
355
446
433
2,070
2,422
2,468
1,795
2,391
2,406
1,730
1,914
1,901
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3. Road Transport
Road Net
a) The following roads under construction are scheduled
to be completed by late 1963:
Odessa - Balta (101 km)
Berdyansk - B. Tokmak (85 km)
Dnyepropetrovsk 7 Doneck (43 km)
Gorki - Kazan'
Sverdlovsk - Chelyabinsk
LYudinovo - Kirov - Shaykovka (Kaluga area)
Elista - Divnoe -(Calmuck Autonomous SSR)
Barnaul - Novosibirsk (section in the Allay area)
Syktyvkar Vitsinga (Komi Autonomous SSR)
Millerovo - Veshenskaya (Rostov area)
Bataysk - Salvsk (Rostov area)
Kaluga Fertsikovo -.Tarusa
Omsk - Tara
Alekseevka - Abakumovo (Ryazan' area)
IshiM - Kazanskoe (Tyumen'area)
Syktykar Pezmog (Komi Autonomous SSR)
Biysk - Smolenskoe Belokuricha (Altay area)
b) Among others the following roads are being newly con-
structed or improved:
Leningrad? ,Murmansk
Perm - Krasnovishersk (450 km)
Kuybyshev - Ufa - Chelyabinsk (with reinforced asphalt
top layer)
Kashira - Tambov Borisoglebsk - Volgograd (with cement
concrete top
layer on more
than 900 km)
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Voronosh - Shakhty
Balkashino - Atbasar
Frunze - Osh
Kemerovo - Promyshlennaya
c. Roads opened to traffic between 1959 and 1962 included:
Simferopol' ? Alushta - Yalta (100 km)
Kiev - Odessa (with asphalt and/or cement concrete top layer)
Belaya -Cerkov - Odessa
Lemeshi - Trosna
Ukraine
Murmansk - PeChenga
Novo-Sergievka Sharlyk (Orenburg area)
Yshim - Vikulovo (125 km) (Tyumen area)
Zalesovo - Togul - Biysk (Altay area)
Petropavlovsk - Ma'revka
Kustanay Dem'yanovka
(Kasakhstan)
) ?
Pospelikha - Kur'ya.- Tret'yakovo (155 km) (Altay area)
Kashina - Efremov* Voronesh with access roads Khlevnoe -Lipeck
and Lopatkovo - Efremov (545 km)
Ryazan - Penza (338 km)
Kursk - L'gov (147 km)
Vladimir - Ivanovo (109 km)
Gorki -.Shakhun'ya (224 km)
Tamov - Shack
Shumikha Ust? Uyskoe .(159 km)
Omsk - Russkaya 'Pelyana (146 km)
(Kurgan area)
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III. Soviet Zone of Occupied Germany
1. Interzonal Transport and Berlin Traffic Situation
a)
Interzonal Traffic
(1) Low waterway water levels affected interzonal
freight traffic between the Federal Republic
of Germany and West Berlin. Since the ships
could only be loaded 20 to 30 per cent of
their carrying capacity, the aVailable total
transport capacity was insufficient, particular-
ly because unprofitableness caused some ship
Owners to discontinue operations. Owing to
this development, railroad freight traffic
between the Federal Republic of Germany and
West Berlin increased to such an extent that
in July only one train of the. daily 13 freight
trains agreed upon was omitted and in mid-
August all 13 trains were employed. In 1962,
a total of over 16 per cent (an average of
2 trains per day) of all freight trains con-
ceded by the Soviet Zone of Occupied Germany
for traffic between the Federal Republic of
Germany and :Jest Berlin was omitted due to
.competition by motor vehicles and inland
shipping. In March 1963, on account of the
complete discontinuation of inland waterway
traffic caused by freezing, as much as 14
freight trains (15 17 March) and 15 freight
trains (18 - 31 March) per day had been
allowed by the Reichsbahn for traffic between
the Federal Republic of Germany and West Ber-
lin. Thus, average daily traffic in March
was 1 train in excess of the number originally
agreed upon.
In 1962, freight transportation from the
Federal Republic to West Berlin was performed
by:
Inland shipping
Motor vehicles
Trains
Airplanes
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36.6
per
cent
35.2
per
cent
23.1
per
cent
0.1
per
cent
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The interzonal railroad passenger traffic between the.
Federal Republic of Germany and the Soviet Zone increased
by more than 40 per cent. during the first half of 1963
compared with the same period in 1962. Traffic was so
heavy in July 1963 that the trains were excessively Crowded,-
although a seasonal interzonal train (see Transportation
Summary for May 1963). was operating again for the first
time since 1961. The Soviet Zone authorities are evidently
granting more permits of stay to citizens of the Federal
Republic of Germany than.in 1962, because the increase in
interzonal passenger traffic continued in August 1963.
On the other hand,no private Soviet Zone tourists have
been observed in interzonal traffic from the Soviet Zone
to the Fedeal Republic of Germany.
b. Berlin Traffic
Situation
(1)
The number of Reichsbahn employees residing in West Berlin
decreased to about 4,000. Until 13 August 1961, more than
6,000 West Berlin residents had been employed with the
Reichsbahn. Since only a part of the vacancies can be
filled by newly hired personnel, such as apprentices, this
figure is expected to undergo a farther decline.
(2) For maintenance and upkeep of Reichsbahn installations on
West Berlin territory 2 million DM have been allotted
in the 1963 budget and 3 million DM in the 1964 budget
of the .Reichsbahn. The funds are mainly to be used for the
improvement of the road beds, especially of those stretches
within the Berlin Inner Ring.
In 1962, the Soviet Zone Transport Ministry had allotted
only 1.5 million DM for such purposes (see Transportation
Summary for February 1962).
Although the amounts allotted for 1963 and-1964 are rather
'Sian in view of the poor ?condition of the-installations,
which results from neglect over a number of years, their
gradual increase suggests an undiminished interest of the
Reichsbahn in continuing to exercise the right of operation
of Reichsbahn installations on -Jest Berlin territory granted
to the Reichsbahn by the occupation powers.
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Under the additional Soviet 'Zone 'measures in the
border area around West Berlin, effective from. June
1963 freighter's, technical vessels, and tug boats
(holding the required documents) are allowed to navi-
gate on the Morder waters" between West Berlin and
East Berlin only from sunrise till one hour before
sunset. The uborder waters" include those stretches
of the Spandau Canal, Spree River, Britz ancillary
Canal and Teltow Canal which are .located along the
sector line, as well as the harbors within these
sections.
(b) Since August 1961, ships. from the Federal Republic
of 'Germany were allowed to pass the Soviet Sector
of Berlin only when they joined convoys which moved
every day at fixed hours in both directions (between
Marschall Bridge and Baumschulenweg) under Soviet
Zone police4scort. This impediment has been loosened
since May 1963, (see Transportation Summary for July
1963).
(c)
On 13 August ?1963, the second anniversary of the
erection of the wall as during President Kennedy's
visit to Berlin, all Soviet Zone ships were withdrawn
from est Berlin waterways.
2. General Transportation
During the first six months of 1963, the three Soviet Zone
inland traffic units hauled 274.7 million tons of freight.
The arithmetical .half of the amount of freight transported in
1962 is 288.7 million tons:
Freight traffic broken down according to traffic units:
Freight in Railroad Motor
.
million tons vehicles
Inland Total
shipping
Arithmetical 129.9 153.1
half of 1962
First half of 123.9 146.2
1963
Variation - 4.6%
5.7
4.6
- 4.5% - 19.3%
288.7
274.7
- 4.9%
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The .fact that the above. figures for the first six months
of 1963 are below the arithmetical half of 1962 probably
does not reflect a real decline of freight transportation,
because it is quite normal for freight traffic to go up
during the second half of the year. Only inland shipping,
owing to the freezing of waterways in early 1963 and the
low water levels since the end of the first half of 1963,
has suffered an actual loss in freight transportation which
is Unlikely to be recovered during the second half of 1963.
However, this will have no effect on the total annual amount
of freight transported by the three traffic units, since the
share of inland shipping is very small (0.5 per cent in 1962).
3. 171.91L22-LILILRaEl.
a. Operations and Traffic
Although special train passenger traffic placed an
additional burden on railroads, the operational situation
remained satisfactory.
In addition, the continuing holiday traffic (see Trans-
portation Summary for July 1963) the participants of the
Leipzig Sports Festival had to be returned from Leipzig
at the beginning of August 1963.
Even though fall freight traffic is starting only
gradually, difficulties in the procurement of cars are
growing. Efforts are being made to shorten car turn-
around time by improving unloading efficiency and
speeding up dispatching procedures between RR districts
and/or subdistricts. In the second quarter of 1963
car turnaround time was 3,3 days (1962: 3.)1 days).
The coal situation is good.
Soviet Army demands on the Reichsbahn were high; they
were caused by divisional exercises which started in
early August 1963 and involved units from all army areas,
including surface-to-surface missile units, and by
subsequent exercises at army level during the 2nd
decade of August. Together with other troop units
pioneer training was continued at the known pioneer train-
ing sites. In addition, AAA units were transported
to Wustrow firing range.
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The concentration of rolling stock observed at switch
yards in East Berlin in late July 1963 ad the intensified
repair work of flat cars in the RAW (Reichsbahn Repair
Shop) Berlin-Warschalarstrasse were obviously connected
with the impeding increased military demands on the Reichs-
bahn during August 1963.
b. (1) Improvement of Railroad Lines
The double-tracking of the Koethen - Bernburg stretch
of Line 203 has been declared "main point of effort"
and is to be completed in 1963, possibly before the
elections to the People's Chamber (Volkskammer)
on 20 ?Octobdr.
(2) There are again indications that the Wegeleben -
Halberstadt stretch of Line 204 presently under
construction is also being double-tracked. On
former double track stretches whose second track
had been dismantled after World War II, a general
overhaul is, usually carried out by laying the new
track onthe empty rail bed while railroad traffic
continues on the old track. If the stretch is to
remain single-track, the old track is dismantled
as soon as the new track is ready. For this reason
it is in most cases only after completion of work
possible to determine whether such a RR line has
again been double-tracked.
Double-tracking of the v4ege1eben -
is also suggested by the fact that
on the lime transportation route"
on which limestone is shipped from
Halberstadt stretch
it is located
(Kalkabfuhrroute)
the Drei Armen -Hohne
Tanne
- Blankenburg (205 a) line to the big chemical
plants in the Halle area. Along with the further
expansion of this industry, Line 204, which is still
partly single-tracked, it to be wholly double-
tracked from Halberstadt to Halle. However, this plan
is unlikely to be realized before 1966. As of this
time, the new Blankenburg (Harz Mts) freight yard,
located on the lime transportation route, it also
to be completed it is to increase the clearance?
capacity of Llne 205a (see Transportation Summary for
March 1963).
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?
The construction of a ii,JJ loading ramp in Satzkorn,
begun in January 1963, is to be completed in 1963.
The ramp will be suitable for loading and unloading
of tanks
c. Rolling Stock
The previous KmmK (Klappdeckelwagen) (hinged roof boxcars)
with Construction Series Numbers 21-20-01 through 21-22-98
are presently redesignated into Gmmk (Gedeckte Wagen)
(boxcars) with Construction Numbers 09-01-01.
4, Road Construction
a. In July 1963, about 60 kilometers of highways and primary
roads (LI0s) were closed to traffic because of construction
work. Forty-five kilometers of these 60 kilometers are to
be opened to traffic still in 1963. At present, a total
of 400 road kilometers are closed to traffic.
b. Following autobahns and F-highways have been improved or
are being improved:
Autobahn Berlin - Hermsdorfer Kreuz
Repair is underway on the autobahn bridge near Vockerode
(UT 176 489) over the Elbe River because of sinking of the
bridge piers. This bridge is furthermore to receive a second
roadway, the eastern roadway having been closed down for
some time.
Hi.ghway F-80
On this highway, the "Zw6lfbogenbruecke", (bridge with 12
arches) and the "Sechsbogenbruecke" (bridge with 6 arches)
which spanned the flood area of the Saale River at qc o4o 076
west of Halle/Saale were dismantled in July 1963 because of
the diking of the river. The dam filled for this purpose
provides space for another and wider roadway which is to be
paved with small cobblestones.
16
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Highway F-102
The 7.5 kilometer Brandenburg - Foredo stretch (UU 2918),
closed to traffic since September 1962, is to be straightened
and widened until late 1963.
Highway F-192
The road which had been left in a very poor state of repair
has been closed to traffic since February 1963 due to
construction work at the 17 k?lometer stretch Penzlin
(UV 2444) to Klein Plasten (UV 5835). The road is to be
widened and construction to be completed by late July 1963,
Highway F-194
Th.:, widening of, the road between Stavenhagen and olkwitz
(26 km), begun in July 1962, has been completed in late
June 1963. The road was reopened to traffic (see Trans-
portation Summar, for October 1962').
c. In connection with military installations following road
constructions are under way:
Area of Troop Training Ground Wittstock/Neuruppin Airfield
(Potsdam District/Kreis Neuruppin)
Widening to.8-9 meters of the 4.5 kilometer stretch-of LIO
7 between Neuruppin and Steinberge (UP 4978), closed to
traffic since January 1961, is still under way.
In the spring of 1963, the trees were cut down along the
section from the bifurcation of LIO 7 near UU 522 702 to
Katerbow (UU 3041) of Neuruppin Wittstock LIO. The road
is to receive an appr. 0.35 meter deep foundation and
an appr. 0.20 meter thick concrete top layer and is to be
widened to about 7 meters.
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-- 17 -
5. Inland Shipping
During July 1963, inland shipping further decreased duo to
the continuous sinking of the water levels. Shipping on the
Elbe River from the Czechoslovakian border to Magdeburg
stopped completely. On the Oder River ships could only be loaded
to 45 per cent of their loading capacity.
6. Civilian Air Transport
On occasion of the Leipzig Fall Fair, the entire air transport
will be dealt with at Schkeuditz airfield (between Leipzig -
and Salle/Saab); Leipzig-Mockau airfield will be closed
during the fair, During the 1963 Leipzig Spring Fair, air
transport was handled by Schkeuditz airfield, opened to civilian
traffic for the first time, and by Leipzig-Mockau airfield.
Tho. German Lufthansa (Soviet ',,one of Germany), renamed on
31 August 1963 into "Interfluggesellschaft fuer internationalen
Flugverkehr mbH. der DDR" (Interflug Air Line for International-
Air TrafficLmtd) and the Interflug made arrangements for the
following special Leipzig Fair flights to be carried out in
addition to the regular flights:
Schkeuditz - Wien - Schkeuditz
Schkeuditz - Copenhagen - Schkeuditz
Schkeuditz - Prague - Schkeuditz
(2 flights daily in both directions)
Schkeuditz - Berlin-Schoenefold airport central Schkeuditz
(daily 7 flights in both directions).
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IV. Czechoslovakia
1. Railroad. Transport
a. Operations
Through the ''Schwertonnagebewegung" (heavy tonnage
movement) (see Transportation Summary ?for August
1962, para IV. 2), designed to eliminate the
difficulties in freight transportation, an additional
26 million tons were transported in 137,000 heavy
tonnage trains during the first six months of 1963.
However, simultaneously, 162,000 other trains failed
to transport over 52 million tons because they were
not loaded to capacity..
The poor car situation could not be eased despite
the introduction of. sunday shifts at repair shops,
RR car depots and shippers' enterprises. Freight
transportation arrears of the Czech Railroads (CSD)
therefore increased to .about 14 million tons by late
August 1963.
b. Employment of Railroad Pioneers
For the support of the civilian personnel and for
training purposes railroad pioneer, units are regularly
employed in railroad modernization works, i.e., at
present in the general overhaul of the Kojetin
(Kojetein) - Ostrava (Maehr. Ostrau) line and in the
installation of modern train stopping devices. At
Prague-Vrsovice, Pilsen .(Plsno) and Aussig (Usti n.L.)
Kolin and other railroad stations, more than 800
specialists are engaged in the operational and
repair services.
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2. Road Transportation
Bridge Construction
a. On 1 August 1963, a new bridge over the OtaVa River near
Zvikov Castle at41.2 770 was opened to traffic. The
250 meter long ?Decktyp" (deck type) prestressed concrete
bridge was erected by cantilevering out; it extends bet-
ween two abutments and rests on three reinforced concrete
piles 30 meters above the 40 meter deep Lake Orlik which
was formed by the filling Of the darn near Orlik-Zlakovice.
b. The Danube bridge in Bratislava (Pressburg) is being repaired
between 14 August and 1 November 1963 and is therefore
Closed to truck traffic. Traffic is rerouted via Komarno.
3. Civilian Air Transport
A
A TU-101+/of the Czechoslovakian Air Lines (CSA) was destroyed
during refilling.at.Bombay (India) - airportT The CSA has
therefore only 4 TU-104-As.left for employment.
V. Poland.
1. Railroad Trans ortation
a.
B.
Operations
The operational- situation of the Polish State Railroads
(PKP) Continuous to be strained. In view of the imminent
fall transports (root harvest, winter supplies) it will
be almost impossible to make up for the arrears (appr.
8 million tons) in addition to the appr.160 million tons
scheduled to betransported during the second half
year (1963 annual plan: 308 million tons).
Track Laying
The following lines are to be completed by September 1963:
- The single track stretch Kamienna Nowa - Sidra
(appx-. 20 km) as the last section of the important
Suwalki - Sokolka cross connection in the gauge-changing
zone, -
- The second track of the Osieck -.Pilawa (10 km) stretch
of the Skierniewice Lukow line (see Tpt Summary for
May 1963).
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c. Electrification
The 1963 electrification program (see Transportation Summary
for January 1963) has proceeded almoston schedule. After -
the Tornow-West Debica stretch had been opened in June/July
1963, the continuation to Rzeszom West as well as the stretch
from 4arsaw Gdansk (Danzig)Railroad Station at Warsaw to
Warsaw Praga are to be completed by late September 1963-
d. Rolling Stock
Repairs
In June 1963, the rate
Steam locomotives
Electric locomotives
Diesel locomotives and
railcars up. to
of damaged locomotives amounted to:
appr. 12 per cent
appr. 25 per cent
40 per cent.
2. Road Transportation
a. Road and Bridge Construction in the Area of Elblag (Elbing)
Gdansk (Danzig) -
A new road is to be constructed from Elblag (Elbing) to
Gdansk (Danzig) via Nowy Dwor Gdansk (Tiegenhof). Surveying
is under way. This road is to join the Kaliningrad (Konigsberg)?-
Braunsberg - Elblag (Elbing) autobahn.
The Kalinningrad - Elblag autobahn is still interrupted by
destroyed bridge near Maciejewo (Maternhofen) DF 299 238
a by-pass is probably available.
oithin the framework of the new road construction from Elblag
to Gdanks, a new high bridge '(Hochbruecke) over the Vistula
River is to be constructed in the Kiezmark (Kaesemark) -
Nw. Koscielnica (Neumuansterberg) area. At present, a pontoon
bridge is used in the summer and a' ferry boat in the winter.
There are indications that a new autobahn-like concrete road
extends between Gdanks and Lebork (Lauenburg), but the road
is allegedly closed to traffic.
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b. ,Bridge Construction
(1)
- 21 -
A pioneer bridge was constructed over the Dead Vistula
River atSobieszewo (Bohnsack) at appr. CF 588 240
The ferries are no longer operating.
(2) The woodenlridge over the Vistula River near Xnnopol
?(Lublin District) destroyed by floods, was reconstructed
and has been opened to. traffic. Simultaneously,
preparations were started for the construction of a
new road bridge over the Vistula River. This bridge
is to be constructed of pre-fabricated reinforced
concrete components the assembly of which is to start
in 1964.
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1. Prior to World War II, the specifications of the European
freight cars met military requirements. During the war, the
construction of special RR cars with a larger capacity and
loading gauge became necessary because of the heavier tanks
to be transported.
2. Due to Soviet military requirements, a major number of special
cars of Type RRym, each to carry two armored vehicles of the
dimensions of T 34/85 and T 54 Tanks, were built in the
Soviet Zone of OCQU ation in German, between 1950 and 1958.
This type of car can be used in commercial freight transport
to a limited extent only and is therefore uneconomic.
'Beginning in1952, at first in POLAND, and during recent years
in CZECHOSLOVAKIA and BULGARIA, a large number of four- and
multiple-axle heavy duty cars were constructed.which, after
the removal of their front and side-walls, and/or superstructures,
could be used-as flatcars for the transport of tanks.
However, in designing'these cars, efforts were made so as to meet
booth military and general commercial requirements. A large
number of these cars can be changed to broad gauge axles.
No such cars have been noted as yet in HUNGARY and RUMANIA.
However, it must be presumed that there is a trend towards
employing rsitilar multi-purpose cars.
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SECtIr
-2-
4. The, following types of multi-purpose heavy duty., cars have been
noted so far:
SOVIET ZONE (DR) RRym
RRly
00r
POLAND (PKP) WWyt W
WWyt 401d
CZECHOSLOVAKIA (CSD)
BULGARIA
Na
Oa
Paoj
Paon
Paov
Raj
(classification unknown)
For specifications photos' and sketches of the various cars:
see Annex.
5. The total stock of heavy-duty flatcars, including multi-purpose
cars, with more than 30 ton capacity for the transportation of
armored vehicles, is assumed to be as follows:
SOVIET ZONE
POLAND _
CZECHOSLOVAKIA
5 200 units
7 000
6 000
tt
With this stock, all conceivable military requirements for
troop transportation within the framework of a build-up
movement can be fulfilled.
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July 1963
Soviet Zone of Occupation of Germany
German State Railways
"Deutsche Reichsbahn" (DR)
Multir_pose.Heav'-Du-tCars
a) RRyM Heavy-duty flatcar with about 600 millimeter (mm) high
drop ends and drop sides,
b) RRly Heavy-duty flatcar with about 600 in high drop ends and
drop. sides,
) 00r Heavy-duty gondola car with 2 000 'mm high detachable ends
and sides.
a and b) Changeable to broad gauge and gauge-changing wheel sets;
equipped with UIC roller bearings; eventual installation
of central buffer coupling possible; platfOrm railing
also hinged.
Changeable to broad gauge wheel sets; eventual installation
of central buffer coupling possible.
RR m
RRly
00r
Year of construction
Length of load
Width q f load
1950/58
14.36 in
2.78 m
2.96 in +
1958/60
18.48 m
2.56:m
1954
12.43 in
2.69 in
Capacity
80 - 89 tons
50 - 52 tons
50 - 52-tons
Axles
Production plan
6,
VEB Maggonbau
4
NIESKY/OL
4
Estimated Stock
About 1;700 1 About 600
About 200
+) Width of load with sides dropped
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?
?
RRym
RItly
00r
734
? 2560
734
liii II I I II III I II
i; A Tillarlimr:1"),
r ? 1
7:70
1500 15cm
9500
tac ?
15844
14500
620
,9 9-0
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Poland
Polish State Railways
"Polskie KOleje PAstwowe" (PKP)
s e
'a) WWyt (17W or
July 1963
17W/3) Gondola car with 2 000 mm high
detachable ends and sides.
) WWyt (Type 401 Z)
Suitable for high
Gondola car with 950 mm high detachable
ends and sides.
speed (100 km/h); with hinged plates permitting
? tank vehicles to move from one car to the other. -
WWyt
(17W)
WWyt
(401Z)
Year of construction,
Length of load
Width of load
Capacity
Axles
Production plant
Estimated stock
1952 - 58
About 12,0o in
If
3,10 in
60 tons
4
RR Car.Factory
SCHWEIDNITZ
About 4,400
beginning 1961/62
11too m
3,10 in
60 tons
4
Huta im "M.Nowotki"
OSTROWIEC
About 700
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?
WWyt
(17W).
WWyt.
(401 Z)
WWyt
(401 Z)
Wag., tt flaplorm
Mgr. olatimm
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CZECHOSLOVAKIA
Czechoslovak State Railways
"oeskoslOvensk4 Stktni Dr6hy" (CSD)
Multi-Purpose Heavy-Duty Freight pars
_
a) Na
b) Oa
c) Paoj
d) Paon
e) Paov
f) Raj
b)
July 1963
Flatcar with about 600 mm high drop ends and drop sides.
Flatcar with pivoted bogie and with detachable
stanchions.
Flatcar with 1, 3, 4, or 5 detachable bulk freight
containers for transportation of cement, etc.
Gondola car with attachable 600 mm high drop ends and
drop sides.
Gondola car with attachable 1,000 mm high drop ends and
drop sides.
Bulk freight container car with four presumably
detachable containers.
16 detachable side and four end stanchions; suitable for high
speed (100 km/h); reinforced 'end and side mountings; bottom
suitable for heavy load; roller bearings; shipments of a length
of 30 m and a weight' of116 tons can be loaded on two coupled
cars.
d) Built in two types:
1) "Domestic Type", larger than RIV car limitation, and
2) "International Type"; suitable for high speed (100 km/h).
In operation
since
'Length of
load
Width of
load
Capacity
Axles
Productions
plant
Estimated
stock
+) Length over buffers
1957 1962 1957 1956 1956 1959
18.40 m114.00 m!14.00
2.56/
3.00 ml
55 tons
4
..Tatra
STUDENKA
m114.00 m 14.00 m -LoB
14.54 m'
3 ? ? 3.05 ml 3.05 in 3.05/ 2.95 m
3.15
58 ton. 36-40t 52 t .52 t
4
Tatra
Poprad
1
44 4
1Tatra Tatra
1 ?
1..800? ! 1.100? ,
57t
4
T?
STUDENKA
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?
? 1 ?
Na
Oa
Pao!
(1 Behalter/Container)
Pool
(4 oder 5 Behalter/Container)
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Mt0101?
13
? 2 ?
Paov
Raj
(Inlandsausfuhrungi
for internal traffic)
Raj
(Internationale Ausfithrungi
for international traffic)
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? 'e A
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July 1963
BULGARIA
Bulgarian state Railways
BuIgarOki Dar2aVni Zelezniti
Nulti-Purpose Heavy-Duty Freight Cars
Flatcar with seven detachable bulk 'freight containers for
transportation of cement.
Attachable ends and sides; roller bearings; eventual installation
of central buffer coupling Type SA-3 possible; hand brake and
brakeman's caboose hinged; bottom suitable for heavy load;.
use at high speed permissible (100 km/h).
Year of Construction
Length of Load
Width ofLoad
Capacity
Axles
Production Plant
Estimated stock
1962/63
18.50 m
2,86 m
56 tons
4
RR Car Factory
"Cherveno sname" BURGAS
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n,
Plattenwagen
mit 7 abnehmbaren
Schiittgutbehaltern
zur Zementbef8rderung
Flat Car
with 7 removable
containers for transport
of cement
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