USSR TOWN PLAN INFORMATION: BRYANSK, CHIMKENT, LIEPAJA, NOVOGRAD VOLINSKIY, PANEVEZYS, RIGA, TAYSHET, AND TBILISI

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A063500070001-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 55
• Document Creation Date: December 27, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 8, 2013
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: July 9, 1962
• Content Type: REPORT

I-NFORMATION REPORT INFOg
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3
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This material dhta1 information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the ff.SPiorfage Laws, Title
18, U.S.O. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person 1/0" prohibited by law.
S-E-C-R-E-T 50X1 -HUM
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
COUNTRY USSR -
SUBJECT USSR Town Plan Information:
Bryansk, Chimkent, Liepaja,
Novograd Volinskiy, Panevezys, NO. PAGES
Riga, Tayshet, and Tbilisi
(teas) &r ,n Ch,n4tecWrvor,ored T6 teAL REFERENCES
REPORT
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DATE DISTR. g July 1962
2
RD
DATE OF
INFO.
PLACE &
DATE ACQ.
Isecre.7 cmkjTa %1/4)specT cs.c..Lwitecs,
cyan
It-efzio
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TH
15 UNEVALUATED INFORMATION. SOURCE GRADINGS ARE DEFINITIVE. APPRAISAL OF CONTENT IS TENTATIVE
reports containing very general town plan information
a - Bryansk (N 53-15, E 3)-i--22).
general information on
industrial and military installations (no details on units)
in Bryansk. (9 pages with overlay, 1:12,500,identifying 20
points)
b - Chimkent (N 42-18, E 69-36).
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Residents of Chimkent thought that the Chimkentskiy Svintsovyy
Zavod, a lead plant which was rumored to have 5,000 employees,
was a secret military plant of a very special type. The only
similar Soviet plant was said to be located in the Ukrainian
SSR. According to rumor, the works manufactured essential
,materials for aircraft, artillery, and other military industries.
It was located five or six kilometers south of the town center,
at Stantsiya Svintsovoy, about two kilometers from the west side
of the railroad and was served by a special railroad spur.
. The lead plant had special departments whose employees worked in
five-hour shifts and some of whom wore respirators during their
the work in the special depa50X1 -HUM
ments involved the handling of harmful chemicals; the health of
even the most robust workers deteriorated in about two years,
and they had to be transferred to other parts of the plant. The
workers in the special departments took frequent medical examina-
tions and received special free allowances of food (milk, butter,
oils). Their wages were higher than those of workers in other
(Note: Washington distribution indicated by "X"; Field distribution by "*".)
INFORMATION REPORT INFORMATION REPORT
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parts of the plant. The majority of employees of the entire works were
fitters and mechanics. there was a high r50X1-HUM
rate at the plant because of fcod poisoning. However, the food supplies
% were far better than at other factories in town. Shops in the Svintsovoy
housing area surrounding the works were stocked with goods which were un-
obtainable in other parts of Chimkent. The shops were open to all towns-
people, not just to employees of the plant. The lead works occupied an
area of approximately two square kilometers, surrounded by a barbed wire
fence. There were no watchtowers around the fence, but armed guards were
stationed along it at intervals of several tens of meters. The guards
were civilians who wore special uniforms and carried rifles. In the .plant
area were numerous single, two, and three-story buildings; red and white
brick stacks, some of which were about 50 meters high; and heaps of iron and
coal. Railway:rolling stock entering the plant consisted of standard ()Den
cars and boxcars which appeared to have no special escorts.
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The report includes brief descriptions and locations of other industrial-
military-public institutions. (7 pages) 50X1-HUM
c - Liepaja (N 56-31, E 21-01).
informatiOnJon the old section
of Liepaja only. Value of the report is limited to a listing of street
name changes. .(4 pages) 50X1-HUM
d - Novograd Volinskiy (N 50-36, E 27-37).
listing of small factories and institutions by street locations.
e - Ranevezys (N 55-44, E 24-21).
A
(3 r.,?\
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Lists
industrial enterprises and public institutions by street locations. The
town garrison consisted of airforce units only, concentrated in a cantonment
at Pajuostis, about three or four kilometers from the center of Panevezys.
The cantonment was next to a military airfield and both were surrounded by
barbed wire fences. (7 pages)
f. Riga (N 56-57, E 24-06).
Riga town plan with a 29-point lege:50X1 -HUM
g - Tayshet (N 55-57, 'E 98-00).
Tayshet a stop on the Trans-
Siberian Railroad with a population of 70,000. Twelve sets of tracks passed
through the RR ,station;yards. The city was not industrialized and its econ-
omy centered around the lumber industry. Lists directorates of the lumber
industry and light industry plants and public buildings in Tayshet. fe7
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h - Tbilisi (N 41-42 E 44-45).
lists public and industrial institutions by rayon but could
Aircraft Plant 31,
wasrelated'tO the aircraft industry.
Construction on a slipway was begun in 1954 or 1955. Work proceeded slowly and
by early 1961 it was still not clear whether or not the work had been compietecL
or when the subway would be opened for use. (8 page)
Distribution of Attachments:
ORB: .4.4.e&R-... /7-47.1A-10-2/0
S-E-C-R-E-T
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1. Bryansk /N 53-15, E 34-22/, a regional capital, had a
population of 300,000, most of whom were Russians, with
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several thousand Belorussians. Most of its residential
buildings were single-story wooden structures, although
there were stone buildings downtown. Its streets were asphalt-
surfaced, and along the main street, Ul. Kalinin (formerly III-
Ya Internathionalnaya), were over 200 stone houses. Most of
the institutions and offices of the regional and municipal
governments were located on Gorki, Sovetskaya, and Lenin
Streets, where the buildings were two to four stories ;high and
also of stone construction. Houses on the main streets (but
not on the side streets ) were connected to the central sewage,
gas, and water supply systems. The city quarters were named
Bezhitskii, Sovetskii, Bryanskii, Brianskii Pervyi, and Brianskii
VtorDi.
GROUP 1
Excluded from automatic
tiown!raMal ang
oettaaci,i.witi
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2. Bezhitsa Quarter had been a separate city until approximately
1948; in the 1950s it became the cityts major industrial center.
All of its buildings were of stone, the streets were asphalt-
surfaced, and central sewage, gas, and water supply systems
were maintained. Among the industries in the quarter were
separate plants for the repair and construction of rolling stock
and for the manufacture of phosphates, agricultural machinery,
and tanks. Bezhitsa was about 12 kilometers from downtown
Bryansk and was sometimes referred to as Bryansk
3. The steep angle of many streets of Bryansk, which lay in the
foothills of mountains, made transportation difficult in winter
and caused many traffic accidents. The spring floods of the
Desna River, which passed through the city, frequently damaged
and destroyed bridges, also impending traffic. The public trans-
portation system d buses only, along interconnecting routes
on the cityls main streets. The central bus station was near the
market, at the corner of Sovetskaya and Kalinin Streets, and had
garages on Krasnoarmeyskaya Street. Fuel for the buses and other
needs of the city was supplied by the POL dump, which was behind
the bridge over the Desna River, on the road to Bryansk U.
Trolleybus lines were being laid out in the city in 1959.
4. The citygs hilly topography and the Desna River necessitated the
construction of many bridges in the city, including the following:
1 GROUP I
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dermusidint Ind
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a. Two identical bridges, for both pedestrians and vehicles,
on Fokin Street, over a valley. Both were built entirely
of wood, were 500 meters long and 20 to 25 meters wide,
and were constantly undergoing repairs. One was near
the MVD building, and the other was near the intersection
of Fokin and Gorki Streets. There were houses beneath
both bridges,,
b. The bridge over the Desna River, at the beginning of
Kalinin Street and leading to Bryansk II, was also entirely
af wood and was about 400 meters long and 30 meters wide.
Construction of a reinforced-concrete bridge was begun
nearby in 1959. According to hearsay, the new bridge was
to be 319 meters long. Only earthen embankments had
been erected at the site in February 1959.
c. An iron railway bridge and a wooden road bridge were
located near the railway freight station, over hilly terrain.
A wooden overpass for pedestrians was situated above the
tracks in the station area.
d. Another bridge over the Desna River, located at the beginning
of Sovetskaya Street, led to Bryansk I and the railway
passenger station. It was approximately 300 meters long
and 25 meters wide, with wooden span and abutments.
y,
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e. A reinforced-concrete overpass for pedestrians was near
the railway passenger station.
f. At the beginning of Gorki Street was another bridge leading
to Bryansk I; very old, narrow, and about 300 meters long,
it was used by pedestrians only.
g. A wooden road bridge spanned the Desna River at a point
about one kilometer from Bezhitsa on the road to Bryansk.
It was approximately 200 meters long and 25 meters wide.
5. The city railway freight station was in Bryansk II, about five
kilometers from the downtown area. The yard of the old, wooden
station building had about 50 sets of tracks. There was a small
volume of passenger traffic through the station. The city
passenger station was in Bryansk I, also about five kilometers
from downtown Bryansk. It had four station platforms, approxi-
mately 20 sets of tracks, and a two-story station building which
was built in 1953. Trains using the station passed through a tunnel
(informant had no details).
6. The following public and governmental institutions and offices were
in Bryansk:
a. The city fire fighting brigade, on the second floor of a
two-story building near the Stalin Clothing Factory (the
first floor was occupied by a garage).
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b. The State Bank, opposite the Agricultural Institute on
Gorki Street.
c. The City KGB offices, in a four-story building on Gorki.
Street.
d. The regional MVD and milita offices (formerly on Kalinin
Street), in a four- story building at 37 Gorki Street, corner
of Marx Street, the building was completed after 1950.
e. The regional prosecutors office, in a two-story building
on Gorki Street, about 600 meters past Oktyabrskaya Street
(toward the stadium).
f. The city jail (KPZ), on Sovetskaya Street near the stadium.
Bryansk had no regular prison, and prisoners awaiting trial
were kept at the jail; after their trials, prisoners were sent
to a camp across the river in Bryansk I.
g. The regional court, on Gorki Street, about 10 buildings
past the MVD (toward Lunacharsky Street).
h. Peoples Courts: of the First District, in Bryansk I; of the
Second District, on Fokin Street; and of the Third District,
on Lenin Street in a building shared with a hotel.
TU Council, on the second floor of a large two-story building
on Lenin Street.
The Oktyabrskoe movkie theater, on the first floor of the
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TU Council building; its ceiling fell during a performance
in 1959, killing many of the audience, but the newspapers
did not report the incident.
k. The Bryanskii Rabochii, daily newspaper, whose editorial
offices were on Lenin Street and whose presses were in a
two-story building on Sovetskaya Street.
1. The main post and telegraph offices and telephone exchange,
in a three-story building on Gorki Street.
m. The radio broadcasting station, on Lenin Street.
n. The television station, under construction at the corner of Fokin
and Lenin Streets.
o. The municipal council and "House of the Soviet", in a newly-
built hotel on Lenin Square.
7. Schools in Bryansk included a Party school, housed in a four-story
building on Kalinin Street; and the Agricultural Institute, at the
corner of Sovetskaya and Oktyabrskaya Streets, Where numerous
foreigners studied.
8. Industrial plants in Bryansk (in addition to those in Bezhitsa) were:
a. A meat combine, located near the railway frieght station
in Bryansk II.
b. The Stalin Clothing Factory on Kalinin Street, which
employed about 2000 workers in three shifts. It also
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produced military uniforms and, according to hearsay,
chemically-treated certain (unspecified) types of clothing.
The factory maintained its own small hospital.
c. A machine construction plant on Kalinin Street, which produced
agricultural machinery. It worked in three shifts.
9. The following military installations were located in the area:
a. A military base, consisting of several barracks and many
store buildings, was located between the Desma River and
Kalinin Street in an area surrounded by a stone wall.
(Informant had no information on units stated there or
contents of the stores.)
b. The officers 2 club was in a two - story building on Kalinin Street.
Soldiers were billeted in the cellar of the building.
c. A camp housing an air force unit was located on the side
of Sovetskaya Street nearest the Desna River, between Lenin
Square and the Stadium. It contained a number of barracks,
each two stories high and about 25 meters long. Members of
the unit occupying the camp maintained the military airfield
near Bryansk. They wore green caps and shoulderboards,
with spread-wings insignia on the latter. Their top officers
held the rank of colonel, but generals frequently visited the
unit.
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d. The military airfield was located six kilometers from
Bryansk on the road to Bezhitsa. The airfield was in an
area surrounded by a stone wall about two meters high and
was situated about 200 to 300 meters from the highway, to
which it was connected by a dirt road. On the Bryansk-
Bezhitsa bus route, "Gorodishche," the bus stop by the
field, was called by the conductor. A poselok, which was
part of Bryansk, was located near the bus stop; it had
several one-story wooden houses. No identification check
was made on the bus when passing the airfield. The fields
runways were concrete-surfaced. About 20 hangars, in
a row, were easily discernible at the airfield; they had
tin semi-circular roofs and held one aircraft each.
According to frequent riders on the bus, the aircraft in
the hangars were jets. About ten YAK-182s were parked
nearby. The airfield could not be seen from trains leaving
Bryansk.
10. Hospitals in Bryansk were the railways hospital, in two four-
stcitry buildings not far from the freight station, on the south side of
the highway from Bryansk to Orel /R 52-55, 2 36-05h and the city
hospital, in a large two-story building near the jail, between Gorki,
and Sovetskaya Streets.
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11. Attached is a town plan (1:12,500), with legend, of Bryansk.
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Legend to Town Fl. an of Bryansk
1. Bridge over the Desna River leading to Bryansk
2. Bridge over the Desna River leading to Bryansk I.
3, Old Bridge over the Desna for pedestrians only.
4. Bridge on Fokin Street,
5. Bridge on Fokin Street,
6. Military stores.
7. Fire fighting brigade.
8. Stalin Clothing Factory.
9. Officers 2 club.
10. Peoples Court of the Third District and a hotel.
11. TU Council and a movie theater.
12. Presses of the Bryanskii Rabochii, the daily newspaper.
13. MVD and militia offices.
14. Agricultural machinery plant.
15. Agricultural Institute,
16, State Bank,
17. KGB offices.
18. Jail,
19. Hospital,
20. Party school.
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sEna
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e...
t?
t_o 41
o
BRYANSK
I /11,50 0
SE -!1ET
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GROUP 1
Excluded from automat
downgrading and
decl I lo
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VLS,
1. Chimkent g 42-18, E 69-367, a regional town in southern
Kazakhstan, had a population of 200,000 to 300,000, the majority of 50X1-HUM
whom were Russians and Uzbeks, and the remainder Chechens, Greeks,
Kazakhs, and other nationalities.
2. Among the larger industrial plants in Chimkent were the
following:
a. The Chimkentskiy Svintsovoy Zavod, a lead works, which was an
old plant and the largest in town was rumored to employ about
5000 workers in three shifts. Residents of Chimkent thought that
it was a secret military plant of a very special type; the
only similar Soviet plant was said to be located in the
Ukrainian SSR. According to rumor, the works manufactured
essential materials for aircraft, artillery, and other military
industries. It was located five or six kilometers south
of the town center,mWAaatsiya SvintsovOyi the first sta?Dujfl
Stizrici
;-- 546A
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,-oleis from the west after
the
Chitkent-Tashkent railroad line. The station, Which was named
the lead works, was some eight-to-ten minutes' travel-fi&M-the-C k
station. The workslw!rsituated bout--to kil e'nt
of the railrag(line and was served
,-
..,,, _
_,..?-r------- _. railroad spur. The
plant had special departmen s whose employees worked in five-hour shifts I
and some de whom yore respirators during their work. According to one
/
i
employee, the work in the special depaartments involved the handling
of harmful chemicals; the health of even the most robust workers
i
deteriorated in about two years, and they had to be transferred to other I
frequent medical examinations and received special free allowances of i
parts of the plant. The workers in the special departments took
food (milk, butter, oils). Their wages were higher that those of workerEl
in other parts of the plant. The majority of employees of the entire 1
I
works were fitters and mechanics. Informant had heard that there was I
a high mortality rate at the plant because of food poisoning. However,
i
i
the food supplies were far better than at other, factories in town. Sholis
I
Iin the Svintsovoy housing area surrounding the works were stocked with
goods which were unobtainable in other parts of ChiMkent. The shops
were open to all townspeople, not just to employees of the plant. The
lead works occupied an area of approximately two square kilometers,
surrounded by a barbed wire fence. There were no watch towers around tile
,-A
fence, but armed guards were stationed along it at intervals of several
tens of meters. The guards were civilians
who wore special uniforms and carried rifles. In the plant area were
numerous single, two, and three-story buildings; red and white brick
(:- tl td En d from automatic ,
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stacks, some of Which were about 50 meters high; and heaps of
iron and coal. Railway rolling stock entering the plant
/Th
consisted of standard open car nd box cars mich appeared to
have no special escorts. Informant did not know whether the
lead works had any_military-personnel-or_rep17!_sentation.
b. The Khim-Farm Zavod, a pharmaceutical chemicals factory, was
about two kilometers from tet lead works, some 300 to hoo
meters from the left side of Svintsavakoye Shose, a road leading
to the market (Zeleniy Bazar) in the old part of ChiMkent
(Stariy Gorod). The im-Farm factory had departments ought
they were secret) which had some connection with poisonous materials.
The factory employed about 1000 workers in three shifts and was
served by a railroad spur from the Chimkent station. Rolling
stock entering the plant carried large glass vessels in
micXer baskets. The cars were not accompanied by any escorts
other than normal railroad personnel.
c. The Tsementniy Zavod, a cement factory, began production in
1957. The plant was located in an open field about on kilometer
from the northwest side of the railroad track from Chim61nt
to Dzhambul LiCT 42-54, E 71-27; it was 0.5 kilometers from the
last buildinOn Stalina, a street two kilometers long which
branched off Sovetskaya Street, the main street in Chimkent.
d. A large brick factory, which employed about 1000 workers in
three shifts, was located in the vicinity of the cement plant.
SECRET
map
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e. The Maslo-Zavod, a dairy products factory, was located in t50X1 -HUM
vicinity of the Khim-Farm factory and employed about 500
workers in three shifts.
3. The town's four power stations were at the following locations:
at the lead works, supplying current to both the 6017rk and the town; at
the dairy products factory, supplying current only to this plant; in the
vicinity of the railroad station, supplying current to the station
and auxiliary installations; and at the end of Tukayeva Street. The
fourth power station, which, was the town station and the largest in
Chimkent, consisted of three single-story buildings with one stack 50
meters high, in an area of 100 square meters.
4. The Chimkent railroad station, with 12 tracks, was for both
gi
fi?
passenger and freight traffic. warehouses were at both ends of
the two-story station building. The warehouse on the east side of the
building was a single-story timber structure 40 to 50 meters long; on
the west side of the building were several single-story warehouses of
timber and btick, extending for approximately one kilometer.
5. The Chimkentskaya Krepost was the largest military installation
in Chimkent. It was an ancient fortress situated on a hill midway
between the town market and the railroad station. The distance from
the station to the markettwas about two kilometers(by way of a street
which may have been Vokaalnaya). The Chimkentskaya Krepost was occupied
by air force personnel and, according to hearsay, housed an air force
school. The only airfield in town was said to be located on Mel'naya
Street, at the corner of Uzbekskaya Street. The barracks, which consisted
of a small two-story building, housed an infanfry unit of about 50 men.
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6. The following public institutions were in Chimkent:
a. The Oblispolkom was located on the right side and in
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2304 Sovetskaya Street, coming from the town market; it occupied
a three-story building opposite the largest park, park Kulthry
I Otdykha.
b. The Obkompartii occupied a three-story building near the
Oblispolkom, on the same side of Sovetskaya Street.
c. The Regional MVD Directorate was in a single-story building on
the left side of Turkestanskaya Street coming from , and close
to fiic7, Sovetskaya Street.
_ _
d. The MVD offices were located at 43 thr 45 Sovetskaya Street, opposite
the KGB Directorate.
e. The KGB Directorate (possible Regional) occupied a two-story
building at 38 Sovetskaya Street, on the right side of the street
coming from the market.
f. The Town and Regional Militia Directorate occupied a single-
story building on Turkestanskaya Street, opposite the MVD
Directorate.
g. A large transit prison was on the corner of Vokzalnaya Street,
which led from the market to the railroad station and
Svintsairskoye Shose. The permanent town prison was near the
Regional Militia Directorate.
h. The Gorsovet occupied a long three-story building on the left
side of Sovetskaya Street coiningfrom the market.
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SFERET
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i. The central post office was housed in a large three-story building
on Sovetskaya (Informant thought at No. 10), at the corner of
Turkestanskaya Street, about 100 meters before the Oblispolkom
coming from the market.
j. The telephone exchange and telegraph office were in a single-
story building opposite the post office.
k. The town fire station was in a three-story building with a large
courtyard on Turkestanskaya Street; it was the third building
from the corner of Turkestanskaya and Sovetskaya Streets.
1. The regional Gos-Bank offices were located near the fire station,
on the right side of Turkestanskaya Street coming from Sovetskaya
Street.
m. A large tricot goods factory and the town bath house were situated
next to each other about 100 meters from the Gos-Bank, on the
left side of Turkestanskaya Street coming from Sovetskaya Street.
7. The town's public transportation was provided by buses and
taxis; there were no trolleybuses or trams. Informant knew-no details
of the five or six bus routes, other than that they were on streets such
as Lenina, Stalina, Sovetskaya, Turkestanskaya, and Vokzalnaya. The
ahimkent lead works had its own buses for can-king employees to and
from town. The town buses were operated daily between 0600 and 2400
hours. The mein stands of the few taxis in town were located by the
Gorsovet, by the Lenin statue at the end of Sovetskaya Street, and by the
railroad station.
8. In 1956 and 1957 central water and sewage systems were installed
in Sovet6kaya and Stalina Streets. In 1959 there were no signs of the
g7Pcsc.
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installation of such networks in any other part of town. The majority
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of the population obtained drinking water from open wells or from the
canal which bisected the town.
9. Most of the buildings in Chimkent were old clay structures.
There were modern three-story brick buildings only on Sovetskaya and
Stalina Streets and around the lead works, where construction was begun
in 1955 on the former site of clay houses. The authorities planned to
demolish clay buildings in other parts of town and replace them with fine
new buildings. However, the work was progressing very slowly.
Only Sovetskaya, Stalina, Lenina, and Surkestanskaya Streets were adphalt-
surfaced, the remainder surfaced with small stones. Access roads to
Chimkent and those connecting it with other towns were also surfaced
with small stones. The road to Tashkent was the only asphalt-surfaced
main highway; the surfacing work was started only in the 1950's and was
completed only for a stretch of about six to eight kilometers from
Chimkeht.
STP.P.FT
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? 1. From 19413-tififir early 1960, Liyepaya was considered a border zone
50X1 -HUM
town (pogranichnaya zona), and special permits were required for
? ce
nonresidents to enter the city and to purchase railroad tickets.
Permanent residents of Liyepaya possessed identity cards (pasport)
with a special stamp enabling them to enter the town. These stamps
read "Border Zone No. 1" (Pervaya Pogranichnaya Zona) until 1953
or 1954, at which time they were changed to read "Citizen of the
Town of Liyepaya" (Zhitel Goroda Liepaya). In early 1960, all of
these restrictions were lifted, and Soviet citizens could enter or
leave the town freely. Permanent residents, however, were still
required to have resident permits.
2. The commercial port of Liyepaya was surrounded by barbed wire
and closed to all but those people with special permits. Informant
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knew nothing else about the port facilities or shipyard installations,
nor did he know anything of military objectives in the area.
3. Industry in the town included: a factory for agricultural machinery,
which was located at the site of some prewar railroad workshops;
a former wire factory, called Sarkanais Metalurg., which had been
considerably expanded and had become one of the largest enterprises
in Liyepaya; and the former linoleum and cork factories, which had
merged and were operating on the grounds of the linoleum factory.
4. Public institutions in the town included the following:
a. The district and town Militia and KGB, which occupied a
multistoried building at 8 Krisjanu Baronu Iela.
b. The district prose cutorts office and Militia, on Rokstvezu Iela.
The Municipal Council (Gorispolkom), which occupied the
former building of the regional count, at 25-ta Oktobra Iela.
d. The central post office, telephone exchange and telegraph
office, at the corner of Pasta Iela and Radio Iela.
5. The following street name changes in the old city were reported:
Old Name New Name
Kurmajas Pro spekt Padomju Pro spekt
Nikolaja Iela Republikas Iela
Baznicas Iela Komunala Iela
Peldu Iela Komjaunatnes Iela
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Old Name (continued)
Jazepa Iela
Ludvika Iela
Dartas Iela
Veca Jurmalas Iela (formerly
Jauma Jurmalas Iela)
Gintera Iela
Petera Iela
Rozu Iela
Ulina Iela
Lorenca Iela
Vilhelminas Iela
B r uninieku Iela
Rozu Laukumus
Tirgonu Iela & Liela Iela
Juliana Iela
Helenes Iela
Ungera Iela
Jekoba Iela
Mikela Iela
Korsakevica Iela
Toma Iela
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New Name (continued)
Kurzemes Iela
8-Marta Iela
Jana Kosa Iela
Petera Stucka Iela
21 Julijas Iela
Kursu Iela
ta
25 Oktobra Iela
Uzvaras Iela
Krisjanu Baronu Iela
Krisjan Valdemara Iela
Pioneru Iela
Uzvaras Laukumus (square)
Lenina Iela
Brivzemnieku Iela
Pasta Iela
Avotu Iela
Radio Iela
Celtneku Iela
Sporta Iela
Mikela Bukas Iela
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4
Old Name (continued)
Barenu Iela
Ganibu Iela
Grandu Iela
c'?
ro.
New Name (continued)
17 Julija Iela
Suvorova Iela
K. Marksa Iela
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I
1.In 1958 Nov bi
_
Novograd Volinskiy 50-36, E 27-377, a. rayon center in the
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Zhitomir oblast, had a population of 40,000, 75 percent of whom were
ARRI4S7'.
Ukrainians and Russians. Being an agricultural center, the city was
not developed industrially. Most of the buildings in Novograd
Volinskiy were single-story structures, although two and three-story
buildings had been constructed since World War II. The main streets
in town, such as Sovetskaya, Mezhdunarodnaya, and Lenina, were paved
with stone, -while the side streets were unsurfaced. The only bus
route was thJiwhich extended from the army camp in the southwest to
the railroad station, via Mezhdunarodnaya and Lenina.
2. In 1958, the military force which was stationed in Novograd Volinskiy
was much smaller than it had been in 1939, when Novograd Volinskiy
was on the Polish border. Until 1941,6.1Military camp was located on
GROW
kEniuded tram automatic
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LOS
Sovetskaya extended and occupied by a cavalry unit, but it had
A
since been demolished. The only camp still in use in 1958 was that
located in the southeast part of town, which was occupied by a
tank unit (no details).
3. The relatively few small factories and workshops in Novograd
Volinskiy were the following:
a. An alcohol distillery, located on Mezhdunarodnaya Street, which
employed about 150 workers.
b. A brewery, located on Sovetskaya, which employed about
50 workers.
c. An agriucltural machinery plant (zavod selkhoz mashin),
located on Lenina, which employed about 200 workers in
the production of seed drills and potato boilers for pig
feeding, among Other things.
d. A meat packing combine (myasokombinat), located on Lenina,
which employed about 50 workers. The combine included a
slaughter house, a cold storage building, and a sausage factory.
e. A regional dairy, located on Sovetskaya, which employed about
50 workers.
f. A town bakery, located on Sovetskaya, -which employed about
50 workers. This was the only producer of bread in
Novograd Valinskiy and vicintiy.
g. The Petrovskiy tailors cooperative, located on Lenina,
which employed about 100 workers.
SEM
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h. The Mebelshchik cabinet makers cooperative, located on
Pushkina, which employed about 70 workers.
i. The Smichka shoemakers cooperative, located on Mezhdunarodnaya,
which employed about 50 workers.
j. The confections cooperative, located on Sovetskaya, which
employed about 50 workers.
k. The town power stttion, located on Tyuremnaya Street, which
was equipped with a 250-kilowatt diesel generator, a
600-kilowatt steam turbine generator, and a 100-kilowatt
water turbine generator. The station had a total output
of 900 kilowatts, which was insufficient for the town's
requirements.
4. Public institutions in Novograd Volinskiy included three-10-grade
schools (the only schools in the town), a military garrison hospital
(garnizonny veon. gospital) with about 70 beds, a town hospital
(gor. bolnitsa) with about 100 beds, a 20-room hotel on Mezhdunarodnaya,
the Shchors movie theater at the corner of Lenina and Mezhdunarodnaya,
the raykom and rayispolkom building on Lenina, and the town militia
force building on Sovetskaya. The militia force consisted of 25
officers and men. Bolshakov (fnu), a Russian, was first secretary
of the district Party committee in Novograd Volinskiy.
rrnIrT
aligrir I
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1. Panevezys IN 55-44, E 24-217, with a population of 60,000 (double its
pre-World War II figure), was the fifth largest town in the Lithuanian
SSR, following Vilnius, Kaunas, Klajpeda, and Shyaulyay. The popu-
lation consisted mainly of Lithuanians, although there was also a large
number of Russians.
2. Before World War II the town had a canning plant, a brewery, a
liquor distillery, a soap factory, five or six flour mills, and a meat
packing plaint which included the town abbatoir. Only one flour mill
was still functioning in early 1961; the canning plant had been
converted into a fruit packing plant, and the other plants remained
unaltered. The only new plant established since World War II was a
textile combine.
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3. The town flour mill, a rather lar e enterprise, occupiea its prewar
Gkat:
premises at the end of Kranto , on the right side of the street
going from the town center. The fruit packing plant (former
distillery) occupied a long, red brick, two-story building in the
center of Kranto
also on the right side going from the town
center. The alcohol distillery (spirt kombinat) was on Respublikas
G-VE by the bridge over the Nevezys River which connected
Respublikas G-VE and Stoties G-VE. The sugar factory was on
the right side at the end of Pusolatas G-VE, which branched off
the middle of Stoties G-VE. The new textile combine was also
located on Pusolatas G-VE, about 200 meters from the sugar factory.
The soap factory was located at the end of Gagarina G-VE (formerly
Ukmerges G-VE), which branched off Lenino Aikste (square),42=Me,
4. Lenino Aikste, in the center of town, was built after World War II
on the site of the former town market and a large three-story
building with numerous shops. The market and shops were demolished,
and the site had been planted with flower beds. The following main
streets branched off the square:
a. Gagarina G-VE, which led to the only military (air force) camp
in town and to a military airfield.
b. 9-Geguses G-VE (fouperly 16 Vasario G-VE).
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c. Klajpedas G-VE, which led to Shyaulyay.
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d. Elektros G-VE. The town power station was located on this
street before World War II. The premises of the station had
been converted into a sports clu.b, and in 1961 the town received
its current supply from Shyaulyay.
e. Ramigalos G-VE, which led to the town civil airport.
5. Most of the towns public institutions were concentrated on Respublikas
"1?144-4?1?
G-VE, a aatua street which branched off 9 Geguses G-VE. The
following institutions were located on the right side of the street going
toward the railroad station:
a. The Gorkompartii, in the middle section of the street in a three-
story building whose construction as a private hospital was
started by a doctor and was completed after World War II.
b. The Gos-Bank, next to the Gorkompartii in a two-story building
which had housed a State bank before World War II.
c. The central post and telegraph office, telephone exchange, and
town radio station (radyo-uzel), in a new, two-story building
still under conttruction in the vicinity of the Gos-Bank.
d. The central town clinic, in a large two-story structure which
was separated from the post office building by a small house.
The following institutions were located on the left side of Respublikas
G-VE, going toward the railroad station:
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e. A Lithuanian-language high school (formerly Russian -language),
directly opposite the Gorkompartii.
f. The central ,miett park, in front of the town prison, situated near
the high school.
There were no residential buildings on Respublikas G-VE.
6. Other public institutions in Panevezys were at the following locations:
a. The Gorispolkom, in a two-story building on Lenino Aikste, which
had been the town hall before World War II.
b. The town and district Komsomol committees, in a single-story
building on Ramingalos G-VE, near Lenino Aikste.
c. The town hospital, in an extensive area, with several multi-
storied buildings, situated on Gogola G-VE (formerly
Senamesto G-VE).
d. The Rayispolkom, near the town hospital on a different street
(address not available).
e. The town and district militia offices, in a two-story building by
the Menas movie theater on 9 Geguses G-VE. The building had
been a police station before World War II.
f. The KGB, in a two-story building, opposite the militia on 9
Geguses G-VE, which had been the private residente of the mayor
(Chodakauskas) before the war.
e??,-
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7, The tallest building in Panevezys was a five-story apartment house
on Elektros G-VE, which was completed in 1960. The other tallest
structures in town were about three stories high.
8. The entire lengths of Respublikas G-VE, 9 Geguses G-VE, and
Elektros G-VE were surfaced with asphalt. A street (name not
available) which ran parallel to Gagarina G-VE, and led to Vilnius via
the air force camp and nearby airfield, was also asphalt-surfaced.
Klajpedas G-VE, which led to Shyaulyay, was surfaced with asphalt,
except for a section of about three or four kilometers beginning at
the end of Panevezys, which was stone-paved. All the other streets
in Panevezys, including Ramigalos G-VE, which led to Kaunas, were
paved with stones.
9., The town was bisected by the Nevezys River, which was spanned by
two bridges:
a. A reinforced concrete bridge with low side walls, connecting
Respublikas G-VE with Stoties G-VE. It was a very old bridge
on the main traffic route to the railroad station. It had two
traffic lanes and a sidewalk on either side.
b. A very old, reinforced concretejarch bridge, located on the
road to Pasvalys 56-04, E 24-247. It was a narrow bridge
with a single traffic, lane only.
-
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10. Public transportation was provided by about 10 to 15 taxis
following lilts routes:
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-Lsas
ancythe
a. From Stoties G-VE to Paijostas /sic, presumable Pajuostis,
N 55-44, E 24-277, the location of the air force camp and military
airfield.
b. From the sugar factory to the end of Ramigalos G-VE, via the
town center.
C. From Kapedas G-VE to Piniava township /F1 55-47, E 24-227.
d. From Klajpedas G-VE to the meteorological station, via the
town center.
11. There were central water and sewage systems only on Gagarina G-VE,
9-Geguses G-VE, Respublikas G-VE, and Lenino Aikste, servicing
mainly the new buildings and only a few of the larger old structures.
These systems had been under construction for many years; the work
had been going slowly and had often been stopped altogether for various
lengths of time.
12. The town garrison consisted of air force units only, concentrated in
a cantonment (voyenniy gorodok) at Paijostas /?Pajuostis7, about three
or four kilometers from the center of Panevezys. The prewar
cantonment was located by a military airfield, and both were surrounded
by barbed wire fences. Informant was unable to furnish any details
on the cantonment, air force units, or airfield.
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13. A civil airfield was located on the extension of Ramigalos G-VE,
about two or three kilometers from the town center.
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s3LQ -L s 2j 7-6 r-e-o t d
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1. Baltic Military District Hospital.
2. Varonis Rubber Products Plant, which manutactured rubber boots
and motorcycle tices.
3. VEF Electrical Equipment Plant, which manufactured military
and domestic radios and telephones; it was served by a railroad
siding.
4. Diesel plant (dizelny zavod), which produced diesel engines
for tractors.
5. Baltic Military District Headquarters, a six-story building
renovated in 1955 or 1956, which formerly housed the Latvian
SSR Ministry of Defense.
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6. Communist Party Central Committee Hospital, a five-story
building at the corner of ulitsa Veydenbauma and ulitsa
Melnichnaya.
7, Latvian SSR KG # Headquarters, at the corner of ulitsa Lenina
and ulitsa Engelsa.
8. Headquarters of an airborne army (designation not known),
at the corner of ulitsa K. Marksa and ulitsa Veydenbauma.
9. Air force officersg school (Voenno-Vozdushnoye Uchilishche).
10. POL depot (nefte baza).
11. Military camp, which housed the artillery regiment of the
43rd Latvian Infantry Division until its disbandment in late
1954 or early 1955; the camp was subsequently occupied by an
unidentified artillery unit.
12. Park 1905 Goda: In 1956 and 1957 great quantities of earth were
removed, and building materials were brought to the site, which
was fenced off. The work, apparently large-scale construction,
was executed by prisoners. It was rumored that an extensive
underground shelter was being built.
13. "Red Banner" Coastal Artillery School (Krasnoznamennoye Art.
Uchilishche Beregovoy Oborony), an officers g school subordinate
to the Navy, on ulitsa Tsitadelnaya.
14. Barracks of an unidentified naval unit, on the former site of the
ilhour
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Nakhimov (Naval) School (Nakhimovskoye Uchilishche), which
was disbanded in 1957.
15. Riga River Navigation School (Rizkskoye Uchilishche Rechnogo
Flota), a civilian institution, on ulitsa Kugu.
16. Road bridge on ulitsa Lenina. Built in 1958, it had four lanes
for vehicular traffic, two sets of tram tracks, and two sidewalks.
It replaced a pontoon bridge which was reconstructed over the
Zapadnaya Dvina at Daugavpils IN 55-53, E 26-327.
17. Head office of Grazhdanskiy Aeroflot, the civil airlines company.
18. Industrial School (Remeslenoye Uchilishche), city Militia head-
quarters (got.. Militsya), auto inspection office (gos, avto inspek-
tsya), and a pre-World War II, high, metal antenna tower.
19. Meteorological instruments plant (gidrometpribor), which began
operation in 1955 or 1956.
20. Water pumping station (vodonapornaya bashnia).
21. Popov Radio Plant,
22. Penicillin plant, on ulitsa Moskovskaya.
23. Military camp with four or five four-story barracks, which
housed an infantry unit.
24. Barracks occupied by an MVD guard battalion.
26. Interurban telephone exchange.
26. City Hospital No. 1 (I Gor, Bolnitsa).
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27. Frontier Guards Headquarters (unit level not known).
28. Telecommunications Ministry (Min. Sviazi), telephone exchange, and
telegraph office.
29. Air Force Technical Academy (Voenny-Vozdushnaya Tekh. Akademia),
a five-story building.
30. City Komendantura, a two-story building.
31. Officers': club gymnasium, at 3 ulitsa Gorkogo.
32. Latvian SSR Recruiting Office (Respublikanski Voenkomat)_.
33, Omitted.
34, Latvian SSR DOSA.AF head office.
35. Baltic Military District officers e club, on ulitsa Komsomolskaya
Naberezhnaya.
36. New square,and government office buildings and institutions, which
replaced old, damaged buildings.
37. Military stores guarded by MVD troops; informant had heard that the
stores contained chemical supplies.
38. A building of approximately 20 stories whose construction was
completed in 1955. It was built of reinforced concrete, faced with
marble, and cost 25 million rubles. The construction was faulty,
causing the building to lean to one side, and several engineers
responsible for its erection were arrested and imprisoned. The
Ministry of Agriculture, for which the building was earmarked,
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refused to accept it, and in late 1958 it housed the Latvian Academy
of Sciences.
39. Military camp housing an air force officers e school, a signals officers2
school, and several unspecified military units.
7:(7.?
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,
I. In mid-1959, Tayshet g55-57, E98-057 had a population of about
70,000, a significant number of whom were former convicts who
had settled in the town upon their release from nearby prison
camps. Russians constituted the largest ethnic group among
the inhabitants, the next largest groups being the Ukrainians
and the Tatars.
2. Tayshet was a stop on the East Siberian Railroad. The station
building was an old wooden structure, and 12 sets of tracks
passed through the station yard, which also contained workshops
(zhel. dor. depo) employing about 200 workers. The railroad
r777/TE:9
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tracks which passed through Tayshet divided the city into
two parts: the old section to the south and the new section
to the northeast of the tracks.
3. The establishment of prison camps in the area in the 1930's
marked the beginning of the city's development from a remote
settlement of several hundred houses. About 90 percent of
the city's buildings were one-story, wooden structures. Only
the main thoroughfare, ulitsa Kiroval which was part of the
Moscow/Irkutsk highway, was paved with stone, while other
streets were unpaved and had wooden sidewalks along them.
The city had no central giVoge or water supply systems. The
region around Tayshet was not a closed zone and contained no
military camps. There were no limitations on entering the
region or city.
L. The problem of ensuring the public's safety-on the city streets
was still a major one in Tayshet since, after dark, there were
numerous instances of assault, robbery, and rape in the city.
5. The first urban bus line in Tayshet began operating in 1959.
It ran from the motor transport base (avto baza) on ulitsa
Oktyabrskaya to the Tayshet Lumber Directorate on ulitsa
Kirova.
6. The city was not highly industrialized, its economy centered
primarily around the lumber industry. Tayshet contained the
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offices of the following lumber directorates:
a. Tayshet Lumber Directorate (Upravleniye Tayshet Les),
which employed about 100 clerks and several thousand
lumberjacks and lumbermen. About 60 percent of these
people were convicts who worked in the directorate's
sawmills and in the forests. Most of the directorate's
output was marketed in Soviet Central Asia.
b. East Siberian Lumber Directorate (Vbstochno Sibirskoye
Lesnoye - Vos. Sib. Les. - Upravleniye), which employed
about 100 clerks in its offices on ulitsa Kirova and
thousands of lumberjacks, mostly on a seasonal basis
(in the winter). This directorate marketed unprocessed
lumber, which was sent primarily to Soviet Central Asia,
usually by railroad.
c. East Siberian Woodworking Directorate (Vostochno Sibirskoye
Drevyasnoye - Vbs. Sib. Drev. - Upravleniye), which employed
about 80 clerks in its offices on ulitsa Vokzalnaya and
thousands of workers in the field. The directorate
operated numerous sawmills and supplied construction
lumber and other wood products to the cities of central
Siberia.
7. The major industrial plants in Tayshet were the following:
a. Mica Factory (Slyud Fabrika), which was an old factory,
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predating World War II, located on ulitsa Oktyabrskaya.
The factory employed about 150 workers in three shifts.
The mica was brought in large chunks from quarries in
the vicinity of the city, and the factory cut them into
thin layers, a process which was only partially mechanized.
Most of the mica processed by the factory was sent to
aircraft plants.
b. Woodworking Plant (Leso Zavod), located on ulitsa Kirova,
which employed about 300 workers. The plant included a
sawmill and produced wooden construction components, such
as doors, windows, and door frames.
c. Sibirak Artel, located on ulitsa Kooperativnaya, which
employed about 120 workers in the production of clothing
and leather goods.
d, Mechanical Bakery (Khlebozavod), located on ulitsa Vokzlanaya,
which employed about 50 workers and supplied the city and
environs with baked goods.
e. Meat Products Combine (Myasokombinat), which employed
about 100 workers and comprised a slaughterhouse and a
factory for sausages and other meat products.
f. Thermal electric power station (TETS), located on ulitsa
Kirova, which supplied sufficient power to satisfy the
city's needs. Tayshet did not suffer from failures or
suspensions of electric power.
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g. City motor transport base (Gor. Avto Baza), located on
ulitsa Oktyabrskaya and equipped with about 100 trucks
which served the local public institutions and the plants.
The trucks were not used by the lumber directorates, each
of which maintained its own motor transport depot.
8. The following local state, and Party institutions were reported:
a. The rayon Party committee (Raykom Perth) was located on
ulitsa Kooperativnaya.
b. The rayon executive committee (Rayspolkom) was located
at the corner of ulitsa Kooperativnaya and ulitsa Pochtovaya.
c. The rayon KGB office was located on ulitsa Bazarnaya
and employed about 20 people.
d. The city Militia office (gor. Militsya) employed about 20
officers and men. There were relatively large staffs of
the KGB and the Militia because of the particular
characteristics of the city and the composition of its
population.
e. The city radio rebroadcasting center (gor. radio uzel)
relayed transmissions originating at the Irkutsk radio
station.
f. The local Gortorg encompassed about 40 shops, of which
30 percent sold clothing and 70 percent foodstuffs.
Much of the goods handled by these shops was imported
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from China, shoes, clothing, furniture, rugs, fruit and
ceramics being among the major items.
g. Twelve schools were located in Tayshet, four of which
were 10-year schools. There were no vocational secondary
schools or schools of higher learning in the city.
h. Four hospitals: the 70-bed railroad hospital (zhel. dor.
bolnitsa); the Tayshet Lag Prison Directorate hospital,
equipped with 130 to 150 beds and the usual wards; city
hospital, located on ulitsa Kooperativnaya and divided
into two wards, one for maternity and the other for
surgery, with a total of 50 beds; and the tuberculosis
and isolation hospital (tuberkolozno-infektsyonnaya
bolnits), which was equipped with about 60 beds. The
city suffered from a shortage of hospital beds and re-
quired twice as many beds to satisfy the need:
i. Three movie theaters: Kino Khudozhestvennoye, on ulitsa
Kirova; Mel. Dor. Kino, near the railroad station; and
Kino Tayshet Les, on ulitsa Kirova, which also served as
a club for employees of the Tayshet Lumber Directorate.
9. The Tayshet Prison Camp (Leg) Directorate, located on ulitsa
Kirova in Tayshet, was organized in 1937 and was responsible
for about 20 prison camps in the area, all locatedvithin a
40-kilometer radius of Tayshet. The largest of these camps
could accoMmodate about 2,500 prisoners and the smallest about
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350. Since the establishment of the camps the prisoners had
been used in the logging industry, in felling and trimming
trees, in paving approach roads, and in work at the sawmills.
During 1937-1940, the camps contained a great many political
prisoners, ones who had been convicted during the Yezhovsh-
China period, in addition to the common criminals. The num-
ber of prisoners diminished after the outbreak of World War
II, when most of the common criminals and some of the political
prisoners were released. In 1942, however, the number was again
swelled by the streams of captured deserters from the army, the
draft dodgers, and Polish refugees. Large numbers of political
prisoners were again released as a result of the general amnesty
following Stalin's death and, by 1959, the camps contained only
about 40 percent of the number interned in 1953.
10. In recent years, the conditions under which the prisoners lived
had been improved: the food and housing were better, the guards
were more lenient, and the prisoners were driven to work in
trucks rather than forced to walk.
11. Within the city of Tayshet there was a prison camp called
Shtabnaya Kolona (Headquarters Camp) which contained between
300 and 400 prisoners. These prisoners were employed in the
directorate's vegetable garden, the woodworking plant in the
city, and the directorate's central workshops (shops for shoe-
makers, tailors, hatters, etc.).
UPUT
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1
1. The city of Tbilisi z-fi 41-42, E 44-457 was divided into sev50X1 -HUMen
town rayony: Leninskiy, Stalinskiy, Oktyabrskiy, Kirovskiy, Kalinskiy,
Ordzhonikidzevskiy, and Rayon 26 Komisarov. The Leninskiy rayon was in
the northwestern part of town and was popularly referred to as
Nakhalovka. This rayon began at the edge of town and ended in the
vicinity of the central railroad station. The station however, was in-
cluded in the Stalinskiy rayon. The Stalinskiy rayon started very
close to but northwest of the central railroad station and ended at the
Stalin bridge (Most um. Stalina), over the Kura River. The Oktyabrskiy
rayon bordered upon the Stalinskiy rayon. The southeastern part of the town,
i.e. the area southeast of the Kura River was in the Kirayskiy rayon.
The rayon in the center of town was the Kalininskiy rayon, which started
at the central town square, Ploshcahd Im. Lenina, included the town's
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main street, Prospekt Shota Rustaveli, and ended at a quarter called
Bake, where the Ordzhonikidzevskiy rayon started. The eastermost
part of town, on the left bank of the Kura River, formed the Raynn
26 Komi sarov (informant did not know the borders of this rayon).
The Ordzhonikidzevskiy and the Kalininskiy rayony contained no
industrial enterprises. The Ordzhonikidzevskiy rayon, though it
served as a residential quarter, contained all the academic and
scientific institutions in the city; these indluded Stalin University,
a medical school, a polytechnic institute, an agricultural high
school, a high school for road engineering, and the Academy of Seiences.
The new Lenin stadium was also located in the Ordzhonikidzevskiy
rayon. The Kalininskiy rayon contained most of the public institutions
of the city.
Industry
2. The largest rayon and most important one from the standpoint
of industry was Rayon 26 Komisarov. Among the plants situated in
this rayon were Aircraft Plant No. 31, which was located at the
eastern outskirts of town on the west bank of the Kura River, a radio
plant (radyo zavod), a leather goods factory (obuvnaya fabrika), an
oil mill (masloboyniy zavod), a margarine plant (msrgarinniy zavod),
a confections factory (konfetnaya fabrika), a large flour mill, the
large Bakery No. 1 (Perviy. Khleb Zavod), a tobacco factory (tabachnaya
fabrika), many sawmills, and a furniture factory. Also located in
this rayon were a military hospital, streetcar terminal No. 2, and a
railroad station, mainly for freight, called Stantsiya Navtlug.
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_
EXcLAcd 5iaLtetantic
downaradiaa and
Lidd
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Informant knew nothing about these plants and could not pinpoint 50X1-HUM
Pk vA kilo 8 I, lie kivemf
them or other objectives on a map. Regarding Aircraftkiriaeibereg,
004 ."14- 1-11`k c-01Nnfe-aa, wrera4 incluStr94
13. There were several industrial enterprises in the Leninikiy
rayon. One of the largest plants in this rayon, and in the entire
town, was the Kirov Metal-working Machine Factory (Zavod Im. Kirova).
The Kirov Plant was located on the outskirts of town close to the
railroad line to Batumi, to the right gorth7 of the lime. The
rayon also comprised a brick plant (kirpichniy zavod), an asphalt
plant (asfaltniy zavod), a large textile factory (sukonnaya fabrika),
a biano factory (muzykalnaya fabrika), Factory No. 1 for ready-made
clothing bedmaya sheveynaya fabrika), Factory No. 7 for ready-made
clothing (sedmaya sheveynaya fabrika), three or four tricot goods
factories, a dairy (molochnaya fabrika), and two or three sawmills.
I. Some of the industtial plants in the Kiravskiy rayon were the
for metal-working machines)
Kamo Mechanical Plant (Mekh. Zavod Im. Kamo)/located on Ploshcahd
Bebela, Factory No. 6 for ready-made clothing (6-ya Shveynaya Fabrika),
located opposite the Kamo Plant, a soap factory (mylnaya fabrika),
a cotton processing factory (vatnaya fabrika), a tricot goods factory
called Fabrika Komsomolka, and two tanneries (Khoz. Zavod Nr. 1 and Kozh.
Zavod Nr 2). There were several sulfur baths in the Kirov rayon. .The
only jail in the town was located in this rayon.
5. Large arms and ammunition stores (arsenal) were located in the
Oktyabrskiy rayon, ajoining which was military enterprise (output
unknown) called Mekh. Zavod Im. Ordzhonikidze. There were no other
enterprises of note in tints rayon.
trtiNT
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6. Railroad locomotive and car repair shops (vagonoremontny zavod)
were located northeast of the central railroad station, the distance
of about a 20-minute walk from the station. In the same area were town
streetcar depot No. 1 (perviy tramvayniy park), town stadium Nol
(ferviy stadyon), the Stalin town market (bazar im. Stalina), a copper
rolling mill (medno.lprokatniy zavod), which was situated opposite the
railroad station close to the Stalin market, the Kalinin Mechanical
Plant (Mekhanicheskiy Zavod im. Kalinina), which was located near the
rolling mill and produced nails, wires, etc., and the Ordzhonikidze town
park. This park was situated one kilometer from town stadium No. 1
in the direction of the Kura River. A smaller park was located
between this stadium and the rolling stock repair shop.
Military
7. Many servicemen were stationed in Tbilisi. Most of the military
units were concentrated in Rayon 26 Komisarov, where there were numerous
barracks. Other barracks were located in the Ordzhonikidzevskiy rayon,
the Leninskiy rayon, and other quarters. Informant knew nothing about
these units or the exact location of their barracks.
8. Movement to and from Tbilisi was unrestricted and did not
require a special permit. Tourist traffic from both Eastern and Western
countries had recently been very much in evidence.
9. Informant knew of no missile production, atomic weapon dumps,
or closed zones in the city or area.
Public Utilities
10. The water network and central sererage system in Tbilisi reached
every part of the city. Until about six or seven years ogo, Tbilisi
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receliged its drinking water from the Kura River but, since that time, the
water had been obtained from the springs in the neighboring mountains.
There were no pumping stations or water works in the city itself.
4
U. The only power station in the town was the Artachalskaya
hydroelectric plant (GES), which had been erected in 1954 or 1955 on
the Kura River at the end of Myasnikova Street, Kirovskiy rayon. The
station consisted of a single structure about 30 meters high. Informant
knew no further details about the station.
12. A broadcasting station was known to exist in Rayon 26 Komisarav,
between the leather goods factory and Aircraft Plant No. 31. It was
situated on the left side of the road which led from the town center
to Plant No. 31. The station transmitted without interruption from
0600 to 0100 hours on all days except Wednesdays and Fridays, on which
days there was an intermission between 1500 and 1700 hours. Informant
knew no further details about this station, or about others presumed
to exist.
13. There were two television stations in Tbilisi. Construction
of both stations had been completed in 1957; one was situated in
Rayon 26 Komisarov, on the bite of a former Armenian cemetery, and the
other in the Kalininskiy rayon, on the top of the Funikkolor Hill.
Both stations had tall metal-lattice aerial masts and transmitted daily
from 1200 to 1400 hours and from 1800 to 2300 hours.
Public Institutions
14. Most of the public institutions in Tbilisi were centered in
the Kalininskiy rayon. Some of the institutions situated on Pro spekt
ctIna
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Shota Rustaveli in this rayon were the following: Government House
(Dom Pravitelstva); Communications House (Dom Svyazi), which included
the central post office, the telegraph office, and the telephone exchange;
Pioneers House (Dom Pyonerov); the opera; the Rustaveli theater; the
Rustaveli movie theater; the Inturist offices, the Gostinnitsa Tbilisi
Hotel; the Institute for Marxism (Engels) - Leninism (Institut Marksa-
EngelsaLenina); the press and editorial board of Zorya Vostoka; a town
park called Park 26 Komisarov; the town museum; a department store;
and numerous other shops. The republican and provincial offices of the
MVD and KGB occupied a building behind the Institute for Marxism-Leninism,
not on Prospekt Shota Rustaveli.
Transportation Facilities
15. Public transportation in Tbilisi was well organized, consisting
of six road bridges over the Kura River, streetcar, trolleybus and bus
lines, and many taxicabs. Construction of a subway was begun in 1954
or 1955. The digging of its shafts was started simultaneously in
several planes, such as at Ploshchad 26 Komisarov in Rayon 26 Komisarov,
at Vokzalnaya Ploshchad (the square near the central railroad station),
and on Spusk el Bakidze Street. Though construction work on the subway
continued without interruption it appeared to proceed rather slowly and
on a small scale. By early 1961, it was still not clear whether or
not the work had been completed or when the subway would be opened
for use.
16. The civilian airfald in Tbilisi was located in the vicinity
of Rayon 26 Komisarov and could be reached by special bus from Ploshehad
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Lenina. The ride took about one and one-half hour.
17. All streets in Tbilisi, without exception, were surfaced
with asphalt. The same was true for all the inter-urban highways and
the roads connecting the city with small district towns.
18. The six road bridges over the Kura River in the town were
the followina in their order upstream from east to west:
a. The eastermost bridge, called Artachalskiy Most, connected
the Kirovskiy rayon with Rayon 26 Komisarov. It was situated
near the city jail.
b. The Maydanskiy Most connected the Kiravskiy rayon, at a square
called Maydanskaya Ploshchad, with the Oktyabrskiy rayon,
at the Peski quarter.
c. The Mukhranskiy Most also connected the Kirovskiy rayon, at
ulissa Mukhranskogo, with the Oktyabrskiy rayon, at ulitsa
Vinniy Podem.
d. The Vorontsova Most connected the Kalininskiy rayon, at
Park 26 Komisarov, with the Oktyabrskiy rayon, at Ploshchad
Vorontsova.
e. The Most Stalina connected the Ordzhonikidzevskiy rayon, at
ulitsa Spusk el Bakidze, with the Stalinskiy rayon, at
Plekhanovskiy Pro spekt (formerly ulitsa Mikhaylavskaya).
f. The Most Geroyev connected the Ordzhonikidzevskiy rayon,
at Ploshchad Geroyev, with the Stalinskiy rayon, at ulitsa
Vokzalnayaa.
19: Some of the streetcar routes in the city were the following:
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a. Lines Nos. 1 2, from the central railroad station to the
Ordzhonikidzevskiy rayon by way of the Stalinskiy rayon.
b. Lines Nos. 4 and 10, from the central railroad station to the
Kirovskiy rayon by way of the Oktyabrskiy rayon.
c. Lines Nos. 6,a11,14d 12, from the central railroad station
to the end of Leninkkiy rayone by way of the Oktyabrskiy rayon.
d. Lines Nos. 7 and 8, from the central railroad station to Rayon
26 Komisarov by way of Kalinina Street in the Oktyabrskiy rayon.
e. Lines Nos. 9 and 15, from the Kirovskiy rayon to Rayon 26
Komi sarov.
20. No streetcars traversed the main thoroughfares in the city
(Prospekt Shota Rustaveli, Plekhanovskiy Prospekt and others), only
trolleybuses and buses. All the bus and trolleybus lines started on
Ploshchad Lenina in the Kalininskiy Rayon and ran into all the rayony.
"Trolleybuses Nos. 1, 2, and 3, for example, went to the central railroad
station. There were a total of about eight or nine trolleybus lines.
21. Taxia stands were located at Ploshchad Lenina, Maydanskaya
Ploshchad, Ploshcad Ordzhonikidze, Ploshchad GEroyev, and next to the
central railroad station.
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