SOVIET PUBLICATIONS AND PAPERS CONCERNING PUBLIC HEALTH

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A061500170001-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 591
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: November 10, 2011
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: January 24, 1962
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
Next 1 Page(s) In Document Denied
Iq
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
Min. of Health
of the USSR
I? I
Structure of Health
Protection of the
Turkmen SSR
Council of Ministers
of Turkmen SSR
Min. of Health of Turkmen SSR
1. Directorate Medical-Prophylactic Service
2. Sanitary - epidemic ;tirectorate
3. Dept. of Me$. Prophylactic Serv.,Ghildran
stand .Mothers
4. Chief Specialists
5. Personnel Office
6. Dept. of Med. Statistics
7. Planning and Finance Office
8. Chief Parmaceutical & Med-Sanitary Dir.
9. Dept. of Capital Construction
Republic Clinical
Hospital
7[Prophylactic?7
T.7. C:! J_n9in c
Cancer Clinic
Rep. ttSanit; Epid.
Bioodi~rans. Sta.
Oblast Health Dept s .
Mary
Chardzhou
Tashauz
ci. Res. Dermito-
.Venereological
Inst.
Sci. Res, Inst. of
Neuropathology &
Physiotherapy
Oblast Med. & Childrens
Institutions
Oblast Hospitals.
Oblast Clinics
San-Epi. Stations,'etc.
! Rayon Hlth.
Depts. &
Rayon Hosea
Rural Rayon
Hospitals
Turkmen State
Medical Inst.
Ashkhabad City
Health Dept.
City Hosp.
City San;
Epi. Sta.,
City In-
fection
Hosp.,6th
Polycllh:..
children's
nstitution?
e -following cities Are-also subordin-
ates to the Republic: Krasnovodsk,
Nebit-Dag, Cheleken.,and ethers; Also
Some administrative Centers of 1'u al
tayons.
Symbols
Administrative Supervision
- - - - - -Supervision of Organization & Methods
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
50X1-HUM
System
Advanced Training and Specialization
of: , bysicians in the USSR
!(Chart)
Central Institute
for
Advanced Training of
Physicians
Ministry o; $ealth, USSR
Department of Medical Educatiol
In,itutions and Cadres
Institutes for Advanced
Training of Physicians (GIDUVy)
W9
~'
ao
o
Faculties for Advanced Training
and Specialization of
Physicians of Medical Institutes
(12)
Regional Bases for Specialization
in Republic, Kray, Oblast,
and City Hospitals
Ministries of Health
of the
Union Republics
cog
Cl)
to
?
V)
04
C7
~
Ministries of Health
of
Union Republics
Ministries of Health.ASSR
Kray, Oblast and City Health
Departments of Urge Cities
Declassified in Part-Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
Adfici a scan M. 22 oTtsp l s uoadpe 1855 roAa.
BoarJtaEJIAieT MX QTapeamma pa6OTxaa sApaaoOxpaHed6
. xxa MMX1 UHOFM oeoTpa ,3: C: KapxayxoBa.
ffcRH 000TO$T $a roapapoTaeHHOU dt eTei011H pe om
VHTavu He 100 ueOT,B Tom =two 5b 0902 o dA,~ocgbtw>e I
6uaaasteu'; 15 "npq teHHQi'O a 25 o xpprsoqyTOUHw.. ja,
AROMpyaT soy a yueTOu npeueHa ps6o1M pqI ,MT eAd o*
06ony;TaMO Aesea ; apa+1,2 aeAarora,.1 My8NRaxbb??
tit pe6ost K, ueAt xotcaa oeaspe,$5, tteAxzp~Crc aeOTep-
aoOfzaTeheA, 15 H8Hb a Apyrue;,
VONW oxaa 0e0Spa $ T SEAMeaH apxeu Ae2e9:
On xet4epaeT TesnepaTypy,aouospsaaee ees,tca sue nospoau,
pa oupewasae* poA*Texa c o 0001088M pe60810 ACM; 20a* p0.
deHOtt as 1annex a uottet,apevt nooriaoe ae0Tpy-so0txtsaTeabs-
y tta AOU,. 'iTOau B1 0HHTb fpx ty ero OT03 TOTBW:
KfoA,y of uB Ratatt 9adOTHTOWt a 4maigeoxoN paaBK .
Teat H aAopoebx A024 i xx npa tuba INI 3o0Mtva test, ty'a Abo-
Hox eoalaTat t, apxslITxx tttt.0SH*TapHOwrurtt?Itaeotctoc B
xyAbTYPHC aamiCOB.
2 aanax gum 3 B*8PG0=UX,rPVwt MAMA
s eoaPCOTO OT 2 AO 10 Meoates; aoaayHxosaa - of 10 me"
08446 AD a rGA& 2 ueox4ea; TeAwim of I P M& 2 ueos es
AC ;a ueT; oTe-paras of 2 Ao 3 zee xpyruoooy as of $ ro-
Aa C) ue00t;8B At! S? XO i'
I'P'Yai N80Uxpa11attet Apyr Of ApyMa{sa 19-
m HueeT *am octaabHUe, aTOAotste,xrpaAbH 1e auoucagK*.
8 Roast peoexox nooTynaeT a0 0XO yrsyd eaxoro
ueMmaxoro ovM0Tpe spava.tat Ha Blab no aeynat Rero saso.
A&To* BOTOp ! paatot , a zcoiopyn- a TG'L0H to *00110 npedta.
Dam= pe6exaa s uoaaxaf oit euaTxgeoit aaaoosvox Aamwee
o oTposrcjposeAe to upxsxstcst, oTpar ae+rout a AtitauMe
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
nduxo. IIaxgecxoe paaBETMe pedexxa
H geJtax yxpe:-.neon aAOPOBbfi AOTH npximacaT Eo-,,w
AYMHHe if oonxeixue .38 HHU,no m e npotxeAypd; Ma0O i, w
UOJUaK T pas3 utw ie ynpa- HeHHx no rxrxe 4eoIcoit 1 aer.
ueOMW r1T14HaoTKRe:I7ot M Ha nlOTfl7 0HjM aoero raja OUR
onlaa Ha BOpaMax npl OTxptTHx OR ,.
So*bwoe B}IX Ua t a yAe J eTOsI aoop*W pa q0oHaaboo..
ro nKTaH ; eTK oTapWero aoapaaTa,o OAHOOM?:ER M ripe
&BeHKeHjr6 ymavt Tpex pa803oe flKTa me; d yAnHeHEttr!
K npyruoorTor M apeclgaeAxeM - ,'eTttpelx pa8oeoea'p3A..
Hax rpyana nMT8 rocs no zyw et no 'iaCTau j ooOTaeTg ae wo
Bo3pa aTy: ilpK o00TaHMI a Eiamu plNu aaT4s xauog 44
HOOTS B gOOT3e ommI& o aoapaosHiri bood000b*wm*i
d padou AeTOKK nonet aK onnOe yvaoa*e apKH*
Maur 0aMK pggKTeni.;oaAao d eomexE ~;oaea~ aoparoa.
10 poAKTBJieAi x0ropue o4eOne+iKaB od%eQTeegait
icon b, nomoraoT a 680118HOilUX TeppwTapiz toe ; a 00846
AaHKK YaTa i nponeAeinm npaaAHxti y ipeBEl atas;
~oji cECwaseyaToa daus aot~y pHO?r a' y Hagan er?
Hux rop4a PO TenU o AoeepKeM it bX0lt' oarasu~os
oeosoa AOTOA Ha r egeaae Meg, 1gmioxo x aeAarorx~0or'
NOro xoetuex,xse
ffana ONaal3BaVT 4o NWO n*11104k MaZepnM 8 HOMTSM
MAK AeTGA#Aa*r 308MO?.HOOTb reH lHau Onolto#lno padoTa%v
yWoT808&Tb a 061%eoTBeuuog x rooy.apoTHeHHOH AOZTen1-
HoaTH:
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
' A CK 1 CAA-ACM 0 52 r.AUIXAEMA
eToici ' caA- 0= HnJiiseTCi HQBlW TZ'utd-c , owKc i"
noro yupexAaHx ? Opraxa8aLLR Taxoro yqpea,t 40,U40
Ho doAeRcTSosaTb yoTaHoBae i, et mTsa., teAamt rtrocr.(,?
ro ixpogeec.a, eocnMTaxr ,tresel% 4o sad xxocsyW1OM' ' )s
wF.O xy.
,~,~eecicw' Q Sic zn CoaAa@T y Q7 c?aa ;l f per..
T@Jie 4 e'J'CK1d ce, c a up1wU,rneT Ae209 Acerb n'b 80e.6
pacTa.T.e. A6- 3 neat u 4.exet 4owxawtbxoro '$a twb*Zu,
T..e* oT 4 ,go 7 Jxe .
) escta .9 cu-item l 52 xaxc 9tcsi e- aft opra..
HUS01 .Fio Pewea Awxa6a1cicaro. i' p*Acxoro. c #et-a jXe.
rtyxasoa rpy o
WAN 196' r't At AJA BAS air
nepWaz VOPOACKOM1; 69Ae4y Hap4s Hot'o Oc'spaaoaaM* AM
opraxaeav, a Ha 4AeTcROFO caAa--ncj x..
,Le a cii caA-aux paciiHT a x? . xa : I O4 meaoaek, xs
xm qse rpya .Aeseg xceabHoro eoapacsa n TPx rpyn i. .
Aftee 4eTcxoro cMa;
8 11aoT0Sn14ee apewi e . 4esaxom eaAyscax, xaxoAwT--
an Tpit rpvn . Anetl AaTgxoro W a It *AH4 rpynna Rce40-w
xoro aoapac?Ta,Haoop ,>;weg ..ac aTOpp ~ee~tb :ciiro
aoapa~c~.a upoez.
geTCtwi . ca,4?xca 30$Mau ae ueAror" As4eeaa
A.H. Werjum s i eTet I ?'Bpa't,g Ke u crate cecsptt
5 eoCflM aTezeLta *negarorob,4 xnHEr, x ,4pyzte.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
/t
PECTIY&IKAHCKA$ iG1IIrlHHW ECKAii BOIIIbi A' IIM.IIIIIPOrO3A
i-IH~TE ^T..,i~'ADu~.Xp, C~ .._. ~._-- __..
Pecrzy.6JlrrxaHcR JJ xnr3Himeoxan 6oJrbHDix a ? ooHo its
cTapel1uu x MeAm;XHcxrnx yqpexAexx9 TypKMern n.Boarna9RileT e,
rnaBH! Span MoSe ll1AIEIPO 11 Aea ero. aaaseoTfTenx no ase'I!?
L MHCxot uacTn: H. 1. TAI'l!POBA i; I'.lI. KYPBAHOBA. Haqajio ei'
AetTeJibHocTxx. CBR08H0 C opra u aaijge2 .Hedo1rbmol$, 6OJIbHHl1psanraczos ~qr aenbcxTxtaoxxNx if gnC~+oTOeKy spa
x~ru H no ~exrte ~rxx xaamr~ as p yuacsxo3M Ooiwe
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
3o..
6/ opraxuayeT u oxaatisaeT xaaJi z xgxpoeair y x eneipaa.
aIEtarapoaaHuy1a excTpeHiyio u HeoTnouHylio McAuuraaaxyro notlo>
HaceneRmo pee ycaixtxrt.
C opraxueat iet HeAtat&axcicopo wHCTHTYTa\ a 1932 i'q y
6OaIbHiu;a CTaata ero OQHOaHO Y aeuedxot 6aao11K nocTene!i:uo
npeapasuatacb a xatal uIV eaxya co cneUUxaJn auponaHH su .oTge.Trr?
mum: xripyprwiecxKM,axywepcxo-rtfHexonorKKecrc.:rl,Tepr.r..~.i-
TM'IecxLIM,AeTcza M,YWWiM,n0gallH M $HAoxpwaonorKUecxt ?rj,.E.";-
MWj HepaHtrM, rpyAuoft xHpypru,YPonorxtteoiw , Heflpoxxpyprt&-
tteclwlaa,pexsreHO- xsxoTepanesTrauecxtaM,. a Tare ,IzarxocTri-
gecxrM x scnoMoraTeacbHuar:: xadxHeTaZi.
Sonbzun a paonoararaeT peHTreHO-pa %oaomeoxHM 'oT-
AeateHmeM,cTaAraoHapx> +ua u nepeABIMH om pexzrexoeaicKan
anrrapaTa Ji,xatHxr xo+,zxarHOCTHUecRog,Qr xM ecioft, 5aicTe??
piouoz'w eaxoff,eeponoraitzecxon ua6opaTopia tmx,c AauoTeparlee-
T eoxraam$aydoapauedMcMra,aalexTpo$aMritorps irf.qeoIcMMx xadrC-
HeTaux x oTAeneHVteas Bpaue6HO (iOxyJu TypII. l ceeTon rlee?
TaiioroaHaTo uzgeaxoe mAeatemie o naTOrLICTO1tOrlagediSO t Jla+
6opaT9pxeft. KpaKe Toro, Agra BWnOAHeHIR ccpKvxg1 donbmx z
no oxa3aam xegeduot x McAHr cxog noaco aep Wpepux peo?
ny6alK cM. aoeAaiw oT eateHKe aaHi1Tapaott aaataxtMa, opraxuaa-
uxoHHO-u" Awiecxn# tca6MHeT x oT.1 eateme Mer 1HCtcot
CTaTxcTUxn.
3a nocnemme 10 aces peegyd=xaxeic doxblcga rtpn-
HRxa 6oitee 200 TMCnq donbl tx, S xeg npoxaaeAeao 6oxee
40 Ti oym onepa2w , upMa ITo 32 TtCRUra pggog e
B 1960 rggy O6caty$eHo 21808 60atbRnc.B dopbde as
coxpaxeage a1181*! 60JIbHAC Wtpolco ttp reH.1ora* couperteL:fl13
McTOAM xetteIu I, a ToM uxcne Tpaxc sy8M* xpoe*, KpOsOe te-
H=We suAxocs1, zc1anopoAHaq TepanraR, aHTx6marxxtt it
,gyp,
8 xaxAoM as oTAeatei peenyduxacaHoxIol xxrat, tee.
Itot 6oJ1bHgqu He,QeTCii itay' M paepa6OTxa OT,gexbzix npo6-
item snpaa00xpak}ia$.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246A061500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
4.-
Tax, a "pyprxgeofMx oV eJtex tx paapa6oTaft aonpocH
onepaTxaHOro RegeHrsR cep, a,uHTpaspexeanbuoro ? Hapxosa,
1teHKtj~t1lJtidHO~HOBOK8rtH4a0 tSJZoIc ti upi OOT1 Ro011aSNTe,libw
am npoLIeaeax,npid (e}KKR i ouusaTOB x Apra Tepaneavto
taeoIrsx oTi exexuaac-Astarxoonica m., x=Hupernaxxeua,xo?
Re4NcT112oB,rretLurre ,RuadeTa It AN
PeeuW6xtaKaxoxaR 6oRbHuza ycnewHo ooyz eoTeimes myr..
Wito ngAroTOafrt Bpa1teft?euet&annxcTos ,tptj oeAbarxx,paijoirHr;w
it Y ttaCTi:O3c ? dom,HK4 u noBEIWeJi Ue KBeaWpaxw1uli Bpattet
wixor 60Jt16Hrt4, flgigrosoaKa oneJ xra jfliosoa i nom ueHxe iteaJt ?
ROAK1 Hpauet upon Qx no cnez iaJti,uo paspa6osamj rig"
HaM no seem Kxzumgeclt im cuel;bia xbHooT,iM: xKpyprsax,Tepatr13
YpoJtorrtai,,geTccaat 6oReaRmsaicyaepcegy-r !aeKo,nor t, lvlasHuu
doJzeat*s x 6o4esH.&M yxa?-ropRa-Roca, a fame o A
ATdI~dHCKtRx p86olHNItOH?1t~160 aH''Oa ~ MC
Ljt~~ eeaT P ?~~rexoxexHUrcoB, orrepa-
ep, cecTep 010MovepaueeTKUeo uc Kadjuiewoa x
aecTep no xeue6Ho.q tutsaurp.
3a noone,, e 5 Rex ua 6aae pearty6=Kamaxoi KJnfm(uea-
ROIR 6o)bHrir rip l[u eneupausau:no x yoosepmexeTeoBauxe
,4JUt TYpi uenxosaHa 174 spatieit, a Tom t tcie xupyproB .. 23,
axymepoB-ruHercoJtoroa - 24, M no 4pyrI anelw rbHOOT$u.
CneiiuaauisaWM it aoBIue1Bfs xeanH urcan apaaeft paatoH?
mix K ytiacTROMM doaHN OOyU(ec?BAXbeQa Tate i tex tij*ge
OTanxexKsi Ha onpeAssenuaft apoic p$dottax ueo: s osge,eHtatx
it xadHHe,ax,a Tame npOef,IjeuJ xpaTKoepoqf= fps ea?
RHT1ddl no OTTeubri t, paai eAau xc rnu lcH H ,laidrHOCT RNeH 1981
My npolbeocopoit H.TA PA, OBW fpoaeeex uuxut saxnsn$t no
tPPY o1 xxpyprmx a Tamayacxor o xaosw; uegiiasp 3BOHKOJM
a Tegeniie 10 00A a 6wxbHHue PacaH-Kyan aeila sawxiTJu o
apatta K cpeitzras Me padoTHKSaux a upaicTHtreoicyn pe(Oey
no o6c as qp 6oXhzM.A.Kywep-rxHezOaor JMAP1 1A ? Asa mew
amia padoTaJxa Ha aypopee Moma?Kapa no oneeaHKp uparc ee
Rog ncuoupt.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RD P80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
Tama, npMMepoa mm o npuseoTt2 ogexb j.woro.
B pesynbTaTe nOArOTORICK a- noBumemn xaa )Hxauznl
spame# B pailoHxiix x ee?tboxlxX 604b ax auwz ITeab!io no-
131MAoeb xenattbsoaa1He OTazwoxapoa xa MOTax K peexo
corpaTMItoeb HanpaBAeMe 6=b= a pecny6wxancxyto aonb?
Hui;y.
QXIHoa He eazuettuuzx "A" 00nbxtV7,fx tiaJI eTari opra-
HiteaWoHHO?MeTO,quuecxaij noMO!1 odizacTkj u PaROMMI
ne'te6Hlut yupe.AeHwm s opra meaWin 60nbxlfitxovo; )etla x
aMeynaTopxoro Ummmimtegxoro odcays anita.CrreTov"f
1 enbzo ocyll ecTSm A cxcTeMaTIf ieotwte nnaHoMepu' auea, r
acex cneL Lam azoa a pagoH u e is eeJbeKue ygpe 4 i.x
eTOt pa6oTe npMBnexaaTa, Hapaaxe c pxAoad ut Kpavta> w
zatcae npoc eeoopa n Hay'nnie pa6oTxitxx,K0T0pte OKaatAsaioT
Ha Meose KOHcynbTaTHBHyo UOI4oujb,nomorai Jteuedxm
yVexAeHKRM s coaepMOHCTSOBaHMK McTOAoe Ot paQOTbt If
yayatueuxrl Megziuuxcxoro 06 cny taam xaeenex,xx.
8 1480 rOAY c eJ aao '?r83 BRe3Ra a paficKHite x ropoA.
exxe Me a;xxcxMe y lpe ;ei x x onxo$H,C oaxosbc. ua 0T V0110
we nacT6HZa it ,spy rue oT,Ianew u e paR oiw peany6Jsuxn.IIpi
HHes,z;ax npo eceopa.4oueH'ru.aocxcTeij t - a 7a It 080 ART
` TaI a Hayttxo-lu +tueeicw xoH epemjW,uima' ' ire x -
opraHetayp ce apcaxe.: eammr no o enbnH (';rioxlttmi?
of-
B donbxwue Op'rax~tsosa to ox~genea~te eat axar tK.aMew-
tuee B aaoem pacnopaxcemn cmoxeT!z it sepToaem OtAe4e.
Hxe caHaa'eiall&Ibi odeeneuuaaeT 6ecnepedoftyv CBASb CO
aceMK Me,r rpmcIcMMf ynpe8?AeHxmx pecny6.xz4xu.He Tarcoro
HaceneHHOro nYHTa, RV?~a ti i:e tormaarcs. apM ARK OR-*
oTpeImoo am naaHoB oi?l pair u o o " . ,,z za nobtoup On.*
H s.Mxome japaux / H.E.Xa.%Cc-Wgea,C.KeAPTUROBa,I`.A.
Kaet oa,F. C. CO,,ICOB,A. C. ~rxatre9a iQ. r,.' ono6 eB; .
xaicyuues,C.A. BYP 9TPoa,B,M,CxaBHHCXOR A.M.Be tixnum
ueB x ,gyp./ m eioT Ha osoeac cgexy xecxonbco RecATKoa ?K4U
coTen atleTos.3a nocne tue 5 nez oZL eaeJme aaxurrapxol
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
aaxau rs OpraxusOeaJio oxano 2 THCAg sun-eTOB Am oxaaa.
H BpagedHO t UOMOf Ha MecTax? H ecmtyr pagee of o d +t num
nelzu, cHfisaHHt3e G oxaaaHYieu uAMuj,Tmicot uoMOtl , TO 8 Tt:v?
AeIHee Bperix o m Bee 6oJibme np1o6peTaxm xapaxTep uo a r,iTow
TaTHBHO9 QJZ r McTMuneaxolt noMou s.
3 iteJrxx 6opbOu as nonb weHHe rtageCTBa npOHgAytwa '
ca=TapHO-npor WMItTHReO= K neueOIi c Mep 'Hauu w xaanx .
uxpoeaxHb t onewaJuieTaMrt nposo,as on 6o4bwax caHKTap ,. .
npocsevnne7ibxaa pa4oTa a JcJtycax npoMxmneHHlac ripel wti fl,
B fWO H T.A?XMTJW YtteHL KJUtWUWCT,pa6OTaLotgd' a Haws,
aoawiin e,exexeAexbuo a caeT caoero pa ogero speuew ,ae'
Aev npuex 6OZbMM a noJixx=HHrcax r.Awxa6Ma,Ha sApaBM ?.
Tax npcwwneHx>htDt npeAnpH.cTH1t.3To ,gees BOBMO*HoaTb
stab AHaJu i p08aHHYQ meAnouot , tpy, I oa. ,
Hanp&wep,Aoi;eRT I1neTHes HBreHUft AJreRCeenipt ? czar)
petuft pa6oems eApaaooxpaxeini* TypKHeHasco t CCPjaaseAyo4
OR xe4ieApat 4iaxyJtbTeTcEOR TepanHuc u 'OP O aooucTeRTH 2.T?+
A.C?Jlxxaueea u JI.MMH"9 KoHCyJtbTKpyJT 6oJlbHbix so 2-
noutnxJtnuutxe r.Amxa6eAa.AacKcTeHTH IM4* pu AeTC bon g
He$t SQAYT Hest ' B nOANNURNIte. . ?"
Ia 115 cneL IaJLxcTOB,padomu{gx a Kamen O4 a
Typtacex 45, B Tom mucae Asa npooecaopa x 31 Aog
aoaxcTeRT, 12 opAuHaTopoa. '
Haaobem HeKoTopux us Hut*
HYPHYPM Tau ypa,zoa ? npoCecoop,saB. . 09 npone??
AeaTKgeoxot xxpyprxu TypxuexoKoro.rocyAapoTae oro McAH+
I;NHCKOro KHCTKTyTa NM?M98.CTaHa.Og nepa TypRteHmsi
HaRU' aHeAp>asb coapeMexxIte MBTQ, i. WHt4ttOHa bHOA Auarxom
csutui x xzipyprauecxoro *e~teunn ea6oneaa opraxoe rpyAo
xaft UOXOGIs, opranxeoaaJt npeicpacuo OCHW4 Hose teen
,pMyp anitapaTypo xxpyprtugecxya K tut cy.Ycne saHo roToaiT HeygHH..
paOOTHKICOa,Ku UOJWOTOBneHO 8 K TQ
a~ Yx q 8 no ma
Typrcwen.3a B saudseca aacuyria npo ecoopy Tatgpa osy
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
7.-
7p1 OBOeHO eeaxae 3acny ceaHOro ,genTeJIg xaya TCCP.Har-
pasCeH OpAeHOU JIeHHxa:
A. K, Iynxesa - Aouexa , nepaM xen aa- Typxmewm.,.sa+
se y a* xa emoti npone)eaTxaeoxog Tepaz a T1' 4M Luc.
f .8. CTanima, suc oKOxaa i cpoxanna1t cnetptaJn ce., nqi
ee pyxosoAcTsoI setteTcR 6OJbwasj aayunaR padoTa,yMeno
omTae? Jtettednya,yite6xyp x xaMyyo pa6oTy* A. K.i y.'rw sot npuasoexo eaaane eaanyzeHHoro epaua TC-.wP,
q.E, EeJpues - RoueaT,aaaeA,yeT e i oa iaxyjm?
TOTCKOO XKpypr N*seeoRoKaanrOtH,xpoaaxt xxpypr.tl ;S.
Eaflpirea Bel eT 60nbmyo Hay'uy1 pa,QoTY.yieymas neue6Htte
09090229 osoxepafia,off o6aapyznn cneuubxqme qjm, 090-
xepn a 5anepmt o6st qa& rte Cnoco6HOCTbfD 8 te, Tb UTTw6K
anoTnxa.q.E.Baapnee aarpa qea OpAenou Jlen~ ua.
H.Ce1#paAee - A0AeI T,aaaeAy'u1 xa egpoa, axywep-
CTBa rt rHxexo,Iornn,aaoJpeat apa TCCP,pytcoeoAus
\tgtwepoxar rxexosomectcog RUHiBco Ha 220 Hoex..
Wvtpoxo rneeeCTHu a TypxMeHru natexe, a8Me'taTeJtbi.
xvtg spaaef ? xupypra. A.M.I4auattnosog )aaymep-imetcon a ?.
roa b.H. Hte$poeoit$BsrlgCapbresoatpioiSaaaesol,C.K.ApTu.
xoed ,T. AxxeAosoI,C4.xyp6axoeof, repaneBTos ? C.A.XOA?
aaMYpaAoaok jH.Xaxd -baa It Mxori x Apyri apa tef Ae?
on>VrxcR xe"sai tposaHxtiau cner? tmCTaM*eycrtemHo see,
A.VtO N is gw paGOTy. ~~.
B Pecn wcanoxo* tfomai#le Ha npoTxxe r xHor1lx
net pery3pf0 npoeoAa o xJt p eoxae i4 A . oaoanaTc s?
'ueCxxe xo epei3Llxx c pas6apa~r Ha 11sx oTA tB t ; oAaoscx~x
c yiaes ,liarxoc=xxx * neqmxso
B 6onb ' pa6oTaes spaue6a4t. COBeT , H 400M
KaTopora BiGAM npo OCOO AOueTU.accxase rH x sag
saseJLy JIe ,geue tH.Ha neaednoxx Conete pacouuplir
man tame onpocx,xau pew 6oabH t, ZHtTaI*II 60 1.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246A061500170001-0
odcnyzaaxxe xx u T.A,
B 6o4bxsmue bm eeTea Take CoBeT no nuTaHHIO, saHU?
M9iRf;. ICR xc ixim JmHO opra Haan neP, nezie6xoro m a .
HK>q.
KonnexTxBou pecnydJixxaHcxag K HMUcRVR donblIM.
iw ea. lpOwez tit , nepxoq upoAeJzaxa donbwax padmojzo
ecge doJzbwe npe cTOLIT C,$eaaTb
t(oaae cTi peQnyd=ztaac&o* CfOAbH C do4bltm
730OA rweauexneM sejjeT padoTy no 6W e a,oposbR Hace.
se TypIMexcxot CCP.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246A061500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
iIHC'TIITYT Ake ..3.CT A 117'
3 nepsvie. MAN CoaeTCxoi BnacTP. B TypKMexxx o--,uuian
xe4ocTaTox Met!(xgmcxxx xaApos.&To Top*.oeivio.-
ooe; rte wHpoxott ceTK neue6xbrx. X caHKTapHO-npo;,)MattTDl-`
ueox*xx yip exx t s pecl;y6rnfire.
COneTaxOe I P"KTe1IboTao II 3.11V9']IO .ace Mepbt x TMYO
11T06bi yse IxTb ylwlo spatief ,~oexMutepoa,cei=ep, x4Top e
franpaw ifillob a TCCP cfpaT'OXXMK peon ycljtrIXaW ,:v e4Xr We ,t
patio }nn au 6irt CoSAMI 00OTBeTCTaytan e r aTepg xow6jt.
TOBHO yCxoam 1 npeAOCTa8JIenu oc06bie JImroTi i.
3 1932 rOAy a TCCP Kao'PTlza ocb yap 3 87 epauefl
K 1314 cpe,Isac Me ,I ltt ;moxzx pa6oTxgicos.
PacTyu t *sib neae6xo-rgaoc utatrrmtea~croc y'ipeMe-
HMLi a ,peon ce Tpe6Oaana CoetjaI" 030e4 6a8N a.ii.i nqi-..
rOT OBICK opatte I :
8 1932. rW 6,bJx oTepler s ropo. a Amxa6aAe me=i;Hx_
aicx *ucTNTyT.,t'nx ero opra &aaij,Hn to ropogoa Pocodcxox
e,t;epaut npur.'raweIa rpynna. npOOeoebpoa X. Ilpeno.gaaaTe-.
. ne11. HeKOT Opbae me HMX pa6oTaioT B awth"1'yTe ,io xacT oxqero
speMenM: ripe ecc opa . 0,019 PMASEIK j 3.A * A8XKOc C WI; C:. C,, A-
HKAOSS
Typxueioxsg rogy. apcTeexxr Mez xsl ca uHCTK=
TyT PoeraunsteTCx pexTOpaTo*i,n xoTopld OXOI MT peRTop
OW" AOI*xT qt .5 s B E f ITpo 1''! ito. $l IHom ETaov
np cooI A. i* 3"W.'0 '; ttp6 tit .~ i f~~ 1td $"' ' I?. ~-pe eaaxo ' its era . ttpexlge -
J aTe3teu yzeROro GOBeTa,Oebe,I xxai ero noex saseAyio c,? P!a-
B HaoToo u:ee spews MHO YT uoteeT 84 ir; Pe, ice,
soarxaaameIte npo45eccopa t x
,r
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246A061500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246A061500170001-0
? 90% BoeX apauedH r ZcMpoa pec1iydnnsxx RBxaTOx eoc*.
u ftutxxa1H 'TypxMeHoxoro M e, 1 4nijoKOro 'Re TyT$,
POCT 3 C* M co3 IIO TYPTN't CIOWY in i 1?HC ~a
IIHC3'hhTY^: Y 110 ILgTPIJIET KAi
F 0 A bI tc,no a znycc- 3 1,'o11. 1I1rle,te TOM vtjc 1.^
H3Ik0~ Y~KI+ieI~ .r_te ~yciex l , ~
uexox.
?rl?Mr.r5-------------------------------
Il
1932-1936
50
1
:?
1986-1940
25.6
28
1
11;4O-1945
723
31
6
19.48-1950
583
15
8
1951-1955
. 711
177
42
1958-1981
1805
87c
148
HMO:
3928
112$
185,
3 tlepebt@ rQi i C11t~eCZ~OHaNNfi. ute.micTKTfTa cTygme ?
ZOe Typxxex duno o'qeHb Ma to.3 HaOTosiMe 13peua donee
1IOW ba1HK 8H1ty0ICHHR08 COC aasai T Typlwelw.3 m cTxsyT@
odynamcx Taxxe pycoitxe,ygdexx,za xx, IcaaaxM, aa.epdai R
&ai;tW # rpYexxu, A ae i TaTapbt it ,gpyt'e. ie a ro cTy31eHT on
OQ tamsdx oicoxo yx Ticaxv.npi wwaasox Doe sexaDu e,
rlpx Ha~mt1txu y HMx cpe Hero odnlero, cneiplanbxoro 06
paeoB t H npowe wz a AO tcoHKypoy.8 nepayp oqepeAs 9a-
'ixa taeesa 3ua,ilMeJDn . npo*esg1 oTa w * max xe Relies
R1YX J109-. aezyta TeJHbie exe aateabt npoB4l ,wox a I no 25
aDryoes.A6*TYWIME a 1- Mona odeaIIe'xnaar, ox xoH(jyJmsao
1KAIM iio DOOM npe,4lfeTau? T1t K oxoyzbeaI tiQ,lax a ?ItBamew
Hbt, npoeq,QlP!oiz 0119U) a MOTaWI, Oao1Qtw0 BnaAelDUMN Typli6ten
GUM x pycoxam Rebttcetdlt. itoceynaa i.zcaroptLe ona6o 88aAe
air pyoelIlM HSHROK, Mor3T nOny'utsb ao loynbTat rm x cAaa-
easy exeaMeuj ma pWoat aab;lce. odyq@wq decnnaTHoe. So-
nee TOro e2yyeHea a secetme aoero epoics ?srexlta nony.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10 CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
~~~AC~B9 IhII@? ?
aa~K lax ? ivz i 'MIMa -x:aae ryio xo txo..
nPa4 PKHTxs .I4toropoxzHMe CT'2 efTit odecnettx a?.
i*TCSt 06"M MMeMAOCT@JIhHIa m npuHagge' ' ~~ MldsnJl~!l'8 ?8a
o6cJxysyii~at3uecKayu~rx a o6i~exTi~x QocTat~,ee oxoaro 5
CTYAOMeait 0 QTplnel Kldi CTY,~eH'rbi, '
CAU1996 exaamexbt Ha
ar xo",noaYq"2 C TKneaj w Ha 15 we.CT rgeHTil,; oxa-
aaewise OTRK=u a yonexx B yge$e axTKexo YttaQTaoaaeexe 8
odigecssexxo t ~cKeUx wxcTKTyTa, a Haygiwx xpy= x, n a,.
OT nepo omanbHt to . QTxlie ?~"
itM,JI@HJtHa'i 1M CTaaruxa/ 8
cyuwe 80 K 60 pxtuait:.
xa~t cTy4 ei . eo a x ..:.~.
yme6u itonyuae xs dx6jtxoTexctr
UW4noxolio KHaP* yTa 8 fOJIbaoaai#yte
npet~eTae-t, Fx6RxoTe~ ? y~te6i~txx no ede~c
M xxOTJTyTa co0TaaJuieT
1592,50 ToUoe.BH6nMOma, ezet* io no taes,. 295 sypi aJroa
I .A
a Taxse KHOCTPaa
Jn(e aT
p YPy me ANrJrax,spas NUKJITa-
JiKKtr,Ipatias,COe?t OH' H6ix WTaToa,$O,iu'a t,PyM iigi,Jei rpHN,
1104bWli It RP.
i YprcUGHOJC . e uWxxc rcxit MHcTxT
T ro
y
Toa epaue .
xe ex~untaes
CpoK o6
.
y ie weom xez.Yue6;? nporpaaa
xamel~ x yTa.? TatsB,Fi sex alt "g B Apyi HHc ziTyTBx
CoaeTOROp Co>oaa,Aononi eJlbzio aee;! ex xypa pyooxoro x
IMMON 2 M1 H ?B B. BpaC
qsAoHgg oT'AQ>MC AN==
6o~[ef n 06Hp
,F n eAasaTe,tzt oaTa. altJIKgamax Ha 80rtpo.
cax xpaeaaf faearrortair.
.17posepoquue eiceaUeiibt apouqgRloR 2 Pan a rqq.
Ceccign AMVAM Meq .
~rxss 74eaaee,wt ae8,cr8ce
wal" a eis, a ay a. UI?.
npe am CPY) ei o8 a JweTKTyre,fa sepeoj it sTepaW
"P"JAS pa86-ai a x **aX a s -a i t ..
xoa Welt Ky CeMePp. ocxoexa,a
IjeJrb npaic xics xa oep.
aMA'x itypoa x oaHaltounTb cTYAejMoB.. c o6c2asoatcokt ire.,
1qe6H0r0yKpe Tje i 'Tp8et9naUx BHyTpeHHePO acao
P Ae. a x
YxgAox sa 6onbmrx.Ha TPeT40m xypog
CT89HU0 i ngantxtt cTYAezisH aw 8 tiepagt; itpo~rae0Aw
psaoT T 8 rc"802$e MQAMkUm
oxxx ceosep a pa8IIINI tic yupe Aefyoix Awxa6a,ta.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
4.-
CTyAeHTMM, dumme herb. wepa Fl Re r zaFIHCxue. CecTptl, VIM pa-
d oTa qxe B AaHHbffi MOMeHT B .409ZHOCTM, c peAHero mdgxgxH--
cxoro nepaOHana ocsodOZAax)TCI oT, npaKTHlM Ha neps!C 3 ?
xypeax. CneAYeT OTMBTMTb , STO no senaHmo CTyr-jeHTOa aI MfllI'1-
CTpazt doubHMI OXOTHO yCTpaxaaeT xx Ha pa(OTY g cuo($4>l,-
Hoe off ytLedu speMR. r .
Ha 4 xypce apaicTKxy npoxO HT ace. CT7/..%eHTb.OKB rrpo-
eoAMTOH 9 Mogen, H paiOHHt 6OJIbHI ax. peonYd.Ttxt-t. a
AXxadaAe OCT810TOH 4JIR npoX=AeHZA ripaXT}1!U TOJIbKOaTe,
icTo NMeeT MareHbRHX AeTOIIXTYIteHTaM*OT7be5xaPlwt Ha
npaRTHxy6BbMJ.ISVxaaMOft,IIOMMMO cTHUeI MH,CyTo IMM,np0-
eaA AO Mecsa npaETMHH M O6paTHO.
Ha. 5 Icypoe cTylexTbl aTazIspyloTC: ;3 Tegeuue. Mee TTa
H noJK$J'IMHKItaX Au1Xada a M B odilacTHWC ueHTPM. peertyd40
1?-
AKRK; a 6 - npoxOAM cy6 on txaTyPY - rto Tel)" M'
rlKr, axymepeT gay, TMx T)elaA' oHMM 6 onea Hmu Hocne 6 KYPea OHM
c,z;a* T ab!nycIumTe roayAapCTaeHHble exam (eHH.
PacnpeAeheHKe CTYAeHTOB Ha pa$OTy *030A W031 as 3
"HUM sa-
MecAIa rqo aKOHtaHs% M KHOTI4TyTa.%x paOnpe4eJ? }mMaefOX ROMMOO14R 8 cocTaaet pexTOpa XHOTIMTYTa,rIPeAC2a-
aMTenec MxxMCTepcTsa a paaooxpaHeHx,R r odulecTaeHHb*X op-
raHKBruH1.IIpx pacnpeqeneH&tf ylHTSiaaeTWL F enaane CTy
AeHToB a aHdope cnez;uianbHOOTM 9 MOCTa padoT .
3 neptIOA yce6w oTyAeHTbt npuAHw KT yltaot'fe B padoTe
Kpyyitoa Xy,1;0aeOTSOHHo . eauOAesfTeJIbHOCTK?" ePOwio ycTpa-
HeanTCx CMOTprJ XyAc eCTBOHHO t aaMOAegTenbHocTfs nO Kyp-
CaM.gaoTO opraxifeylOTcH ICORJIeKTMBHbie 'OXO,t H B KIjRO,Te-
aTpb.IIpoio, TCx , NORYCCIr no xax(onee nonyJIspHbIM I HK-
raM. a Hux npI1HIMaJDT y%IaCTOO c rylteHTM M npoG;)ecc OpOxO-
npenO1 asaTenbaxIdt dOOTae,.
60JIbwOA nonyntlpHOCTb14 cper +t cT,yyeHToa Hazuero ME-
OTKTyTa nOJIb$yeTOH CnOpT. 5 Mu 8Toro rQAa sc"mAa MeA-
KHCTHTyTa saHRna rrepBoe McOTO ope d , eiOIUXX y'IedAm as
ae,Q@mg. Awxa6a,z a H dere no BCTAG,oeTe, KO)4iam daCI T6o-
JIuCTOB,soaeft6o x eToa r}HHaCToa Me,J xgxHcxoro MHOTMT,yra
Hepejxo axeazaz T Ha copesxoBaBIth B Mocxay,Haxy,TaIIK6H a,
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
Pxry K Apyrxe ropoAa.
CTyAeHT xanpae I TCH AAR oT.l rxa a cTy.geHvec sr~
o6t4eropggoxot narepb,xaxOA,Brcu s_ nocenxe 4y:.
IMHC 1K t . KHCTUTyT B RepMOA neTHxx Kaxxxya 19 61 rota a z~.
,gan 80 nyTesooc B sTOT aarepb ? !ponce T O o, CTy,gexTOS xa-
npaenmt no nyTesxaM aa. _xypopTxoe _netzeBxe B - aaxaTopnz3
pecny6nnxaxcxoro x aomxoro axatzew t I. tlyTeBIc Ha xy-
pOPTHOe aetteHMe cTyAexTU n9dly4BtoT 6eewzaTaoe Zzepea EIpo _
oor08Hy'o opraHVraan)fl XHC'TMTyTa }VIM OrMatrwajoV TOJIbxo
80 % MX CTOLI1IOCTK,,I1poe?A rro rzyTeBFcaM B caHaTOpI it 06-
paTHO on IatiBaeTcsl KS peITOpcxoro DoH,a.
J1OMI MO yuedrL, s McAxr. rHWxOIL XHCTNTyTe we xac qr-
PH npoBO,I gT xayeHO-HCcnegoBaTejmoxyp pa6oTy.13 Hayw :t(
xpyzxax saHMnzaWo* oxoJIo 400 cTygeHToB.OcouokI norryi--IsIp-
HOCTbD ROnbByL `C3i HayqHM np XCM II x cat e,IIJax X PYp'i~IT4
naTonorxtzeexoR axaTO HM K mXRPo6xonorkrr,.MxozTZe ytiaoT.M-
KM hcpy$Kos Aoxna,guaii( 0 peaynbTaTax Cuo1 x HccneAosamt
Ha o6iuecoa5H!c x Mexpeerly6Zxxaxcxllx Hay'zHZ c xoIJ;)epemmx
B Mooxse,ICayxace,Ii dbwese,3 Mae 1961 rgAa TaxaH xoI)e-
peHijLlfz 6Hjza npoBeAeHa B AmxaaaA& c yqacT]reM. CTyjreHTOB
pecny6Amc Cpe, e# Aaxz, j aaaxcTaxa it iCaazcasa:
Handonee nponskal ze cea,>. cT,yAeHTrj ocTaaTCR no
oxotr aum4 HHCTKTyTa B acnpaH9eype Ann n0Ar aim xx x Ila
y'wot ,z>;eHTenbxocTx.3 Ha.cTOHujee speMa B HHCTHTyTe o6ytza-?
ITCH 17 aormpaxroa,. B TOM urrcne 9 TypxMeH.AcnKpaHTN paa-
pa6aT :Baron Te rtpod:zeiw, za,a xoTOpbMM saxr'lMa, i xac e,z>Lpir.
3 zacTxocTK xshtCIC iw a Boaz x MITOAoB .'z
egemm `
, rzpo6ne~
e ximms K aTxuecxHx oc o6eHHOCTe 1 pecnyda mu Ha sAo-
po8t H donbxof opraKHaM, ocsoeuHx xypopTIWX pecypoos
'TYpeHZtcTaxa.
PesynbTaTUU Haytzxwx pad'oT npo0eccopos x npenoAaaa-
Tene t, a Tame HeXOTOp&X CTygeHTOa OIIy6nxxoB8fz B Coas-
HHx,Peczry6Jlprxaxcxnx xypxanax, a c6opxvcxax TPY.4o9 HHCTHTY-
Ta H MHOCTpaHmx M8,gaBHPIX / Baero 3375 CTaTeI H 16 MOHO-
rXH r l.Ime HHmeAmxx B nocnegHee Bpewi Moxorpa4tVij magxo
HasaaTB C.i~. KAPAHOBA " rnayxoMa B TypwICHCxoo C P",
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
H.A. CII HEJIbH_`/i 03A " iaeHTepxsn 3 TypKMexcxoit ~CCP / eTNo
jiomx x daICPepI ozo'ruxIecKaR TKarxoCTTTKa/", ;a . i'. SEP, ~I JI;
KE3A " - popTx TyPareHxCTaHa".
Hepe o npabeccopa m- npeno,gaHaTe3i npMHTsMaoT y'Ta.
MTYie BO Beeco108H X I Me yxa pQgHb!x HaytfHb cot~er~,BH~i ~:;,
CbesAax x KOHgbepeHgxsix.TaK rrpaaeccop ?%; 'TLra`T-
aoBaz Ha i ezyHapogHoM Koxrpeece xnpynros a :;ie :eT-uce,
npo~eccop A,.11, 3 IX03 4oK3ra.i east o pesyJibTaTax, cao-:,_
I ccJrer}roaaHm o aAmAHMK A.2YI3po-BJieMeHT0B Ha op: a.,4m3M n
i.#ie ,yHapooHOM xoHrpecce rro rm'i'aHIIIO B :3awmHrTOHe.
3a 29 JIeT pudoTHMX,-YM1 I4HCTTIT%rTa 3aUt r,7;eHO 175 iLafi-
,gxgaTc1C1Ix x 34 A0i T0.0CX!, :. Xv.ccepTar?Tr~ii, .6 TOPE trr:c3re VT )JC-
meHaMK - 44 x tH.gIrIiaTCKI%Ix jJlcCepTaiM_f, n 2 i o1 o7)cx z .
IIeAaroi' ecxaa x Hay'fHan padoTa 3 Typ.tir.-te:3arcoc
Mc,1.,TIII 1HCROM MHCTF1TyTe OcyL1.ecT33r, eTea 13I'COxorci3 r?II~I~)'I1~IIi?O-
Bah3ihIa M KaaxpaMai, MS ROTO;XHX MF- orl-ie J}3.il.siOTCH 3I`II~JC:IN_tiLCr'1i T
aToi'0 ae MHCTHTyTa.Tax, saBe y10ugie xafqe,IpaMI; nporie,geBT?I-
nec.-z01%i T--pamneI ;2;oL eHT A..f~yRT1Ie3a, t OCr`rIITg1rbHOI'i Tepar Ili -
,t;oueHT P.1 0, A r 1Illi 3, xa,~ei'po i opraxus ai Im agpaBoox pa -rc-
HHSi - ,o1 eHT 0. APPbii 3 Lr 14HOi'rte ,gpyrr'ie.
MHOrbIM sa ITJIOTOTBOpHyIO HaygHO-lie, arorMtrecxym
1eaTeAbHOCTb npoovieccopaM H.i."i. TAgiMYPA,gO3Y, 0.a.PE;XAEE:C,
3.A.,g3 ii{03Ciaat%iY, C.C. ,AAHI4JI0 3Y nplrCBOeHO a 3aHMe aacJiy-
K HHOrO ge.HTeRA HayKI4.H.;~L.TATgY. PA,J03 H 1530 rgiy as yc
riewHbte onepa4nKn Ha ceppue xarpaxAeH 3o3loTOj Me:gaJzI 3 3ce
COIO8HO BUCTaBKr4 AOCTmxemi~i riapogxoro Xo3Kt4CTBa a Mocitne.
3a a TM8Hoe yKacTrtie B R1 xBi,;,Ij8I M11t MaJiiHpun. B pec-
ny63ixxe , saseAyiogeMy xaweepog GMartOPMM goqeriTy r. A. TI_PA "
I~OdY np ICaoexo asaxr~te 3taypeaTa CTaJMHCxor4 npeMrnt.3a3e-
,gyroCxK Kaaegpol KypO TOnorMr4 M. I'. EEPAbII~'Ti IE3Y Fia i ieTC:I
rlexom xoppecnow eHToM Aka,IeMM Hayx TCCP.IIpaoeccop
C. R. UPAH03_ ms6paH geJrACT3!,ITejruxbm urreHCnt Ax ;geMrmIm Hays:
TCCP. 3acnysteHHr t ,gesTeJrb HayKIx ripocieccop H.c-6.3tPE3JIH
HBJL1eTCI 'rIeHOM- KoppecnOHHeHToM Aw geMr x Me,mhgInHCm.;
Hay1 I mm CCP.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
IIpu eccop 14.12. EEPE3I'IH x gogeHT M. r. s , .
iE3 .ra6paHu 4 enyTaTa1n Bepxoaaoro CoBeTa TypKMexcrcoft Co..
BeTC1ioo CogmaitcPttueerco t peenycTusrcu.
C l-i'o C@HTSI( pH 1961 Roza nett TYp eHCKOM Mel grrHft
CKOM KHCTMTYTe Hat1MHae? C8o10 pa(oTy t)aKyAbTeT yooBepweH-
cTaoaaHCtM BpakeR*3aHXTHx 6y);yT rrpoeq:;t,;TbOA BAeCb a ten-*"
Hyre 8 MecHi{eB no LIARR M:xtrpyprz ,Tepawrn,axymepcTBa IL i''--
HeroiroruH, no AeTCxri 6oneamIM :r pi jzj .pyres cnelt& aJlbxo+
cTeEc axy ,TeT pac'n TsH xa 100 Bpaaree.
OTnpw eM 8TOrO cbaIynbTeTa Meqrr.1MHCEIIf IIHCTIMTyT
oxaze etlp 6oxbmp 11oMOto opraHau aApaBooxpaHemtA B nO r-
wet x KaaecTaa McAngm Roro o6cJ yz1(Bawui HaoeneHI.
r!pc*eCoopcno-rtpenot;aaaTenbcRIdt xoaxema Typzci*en?
axoro Meg7IMxcxoro xHaTMT Ta RM.N.D..CTanxxa ripmxaraep ace,
Young AmH: ucgP TO8IC areoxoxaa c npoaamax Bpaue6.?
x .. a gpoae
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
CTPUKTUPA
5S)PC&)())C?CtXejtUR 4occ9
ODeT
M~+ueT-o
Tym Mu-seuv i P
AA~b1140KI . OVOKI
3. TArAy30KIIIt
jAS PA 0T QAOI
u~Ap~~ y~r~re~efLOw ~~p
t.ynfM6AQAUQ Aeue6AO-npo~11AAKT1111'IOMOIIII1.
a.OAu9nikaynPA eiltre,
5. AQA AQ11fPOOfOM01$LF ,AeTSIN It NATtPAM.
4. KAbubIt MItI ANI10TbI.
5. TAeh KAPoj. 01
6. T.AQA 009401001k OTATUOTIH U.
Z, AAA0D0-?I111A11O01U14 OTA .
8. ~A1)11OQ +~1ITQVuot I1 4-OAU. 0AJAe11IFe.
9. UTOQA KAnL1TAAbu0TO QTIONTIAbQTIA.
T1 A AUUR-
yyQeK MUM
W.
JT.TY I1c~fANQe>
~~NKOV uenA}IQe-.
QQOnyJA. 9e
l AN .ne-eA.KPO)k'
Fop35PA
OT QAbI
PA450PA0-
PA OAb
OQAWK. FI
PR QUOK
OqO OA1POTOt11-
MMI1 N OTtkTYTK 11
AAYVUO.11eoAe
ATtAbtK. KOS.
uNOTI1TYT.
bATeAbOK.UU T A
A.u,u3
uLX-AaAk
IOPSIPA60TOQA
M~ $LIIM0Ku
QKUe YV .
~OAbI I&bq
Aaem 1ble
IM IA eePb1
e~A9T1I1cTAA-
ILUI w bt.
!eA06$$OIQ o6o1A4U0R:
AaM"U10TP. P K060BOT60
- - - - ONT. MQTOa. PYK060bQT60
(o /. UI~OQ C
won"a K4
Amime
1w .
K PeennnAI1K0110011Y fl0a10MM'HO
OT11002TOA TAKJK?? TOp000A:
Jfpa.eadoge . ebum?15oe 4e.Ae?
el u ~g~~FJ1 A TAlKt Aett~~K0t0pb1t
A9MIF O AbOKI*X~PAu01A0~AT/bl
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
c. a cmeMa
ycoOepuceicmDoOarnn u cnequanuJauuu Spayed 0 0 C C P
(cxena)
uenmpaJbHb/IL uNCmumym
yco6epueHC1nZo?aHUn
Opayeu
LIHCMumymbl ycoBepuaeMCm-
8c8aHuA Opavea
(r uQ y8'bl)
Z3
Z3
tj
a
Y
i
o
F
o:.
C
d
~c
E
v
~
i
d
a
C
~
Z
rp
h
Q
rtl
cPaKynbmemb/ gco8epauPHCm-
B09aHUA u cnequa~/uaa4aa
8paVPd MedugaMCKUx UH -
cmlLmymoB (f2)
MeciHole 6a3bl cneguaXa -
3a4uu nOU pecny6.H, Kpae8a/x,
oa.HacmMb/x u 247p00rux
doioHUgax
M..3. CCCP
L OmdeA neduyu*Cwmi
yve6Nax JaledeNad
U KadpOS
PluNSdpalbl
Ce,o3Hb/X peco//iLcax
8
v
~'
~
v
,
a
a
`
a
o
e
`
e
a
MuH3dpadbl
COro3H6/x pecnydnur
M.3. ACCVP
K ,pail, o8dnadpaBom-
denbi a top,~dpaBOm-
deAb/ Kpy /?Neuu aX
20ped00
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
i.inistere de 19 Sante de 1'URSS
INSTITUT D' ORG WI SA TI ON DU SERVICE DO SAATTE ET
D'HISTOIR E DE LA biEDECINE N. A. SEMACHKO
LES PRI!TCIPES FONDAiviENTATJX DE L'ORGANISATION DE LA
PROTLCTION DE LA SANTE EN URSS
per A?B,Chevelev.
I-Qosoou, Juillot 1961
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
LES PRINCIPES FONDAlv:ENTAUX DE L'ORGANISATION DE LA
PROTECTION DE LA SA''TTE EN URSS
La Grande Revolution socialiste d'Octobre 1917 et 1'edi-
fication de la societe socialiste en URSS ont cree des pre-
misses objectives pour une amelioration continue de Is sante
de is population. Ceci a ete la.rgement utilise par le systeme
de is protection de is eante par 1'Etat sovietique.
La Russie d'avant la Revolution etait riche en ressour-
ces humaines et neturelies. 'iu.ais 1'immense majorite de as
population, les ouvriers et les paysans, vivait dens les
conditions de vie materielles extremement penibles. Le ni-
veau de Is sante de Is population etait tres bas. Les epide-
mies frequentaient souvent notre pays. La morbidite etait
enorme, la morteli.te, surtout celle des enfants, etait is
plus elevee de 1'Earope. V.I.Lenine ecrivait que 'Iles paysane
russes suivaient non seulement is voie d'une degenerescence
physique, nlais celle de l'extinction directe". Or, les
paysans a cette epoque representaient is majorite de is
population.
Quatre decennaires oat passe depuis - delai extremement
court du point de vue historique. De ce temps, plusieurs
annees ont ete prises par les guerres qu'on avait imposees
9 notre peuple et par is liquidation de leurs suites sani-
taires. Cependant, notre pays, deja depuis plusieurs annees.
ne connatt plus is peste ni is cholera qui etaient des hates
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
frdquents de la Russie d' avant la Rdvolution. On a compldte-
ment dradiqud dens le pays la variole et la fiavre rdcarrente.
On a prat i que went li qui dd le p aludi sme qui, i 1 y a an quart do
siecle, dtait une maladie de masses et causait an prejudice
dnorme a la sante et a 1'6conomie du peuple: en 1934, it a dtd
enregistrd pres de 9 millions de cas de paludisme, tandis
quten 1960 on n'en comptait que quelques centaines, et ceci
pour une population de 216 millions.
Depuis quinze ans, en URSS, le nombre de cas de diphtd-
rie a diminud de 82,8%,; nous nous proposons de liquider
compldtement cette maladie dens les anndes qui vont suivre.
La morbiditd tuberculeuse baisse en URSS a an rythme plus
rapide que dens les autres pays du monde: pendant is pdriode
de 1950 a 1960 elle a diminud dans les villas de moitid et
eelui de formes bacillaires - de deux tiers. Pendant is mama
pdriode la mortalitd due a is tuberculose a diminud de 3 foie
et demie. Ces succes nous ont permis de poser le probleme de
la liquidation de is tuberculose, en tent que maladie des
masses, dens le prochain ddcennaire.
Le cancer est un probleme extremement grave pour tous
les pays du monde. En URSS on pratique des examens prophy-
leotiques en masse. En 1959 on a examine pres de 32 millions
de personnes. Grace a ceci, tons les ens on volt augmenter
le proportion des malades chez lesquels le cancer a dtd deceld
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
3.
a an stade prdcoce, accessible au traitement, et le nombre
de malades gueris a double depuis dix ans.
La baisse du traumatisme dens les diffdrentes branches
de l' industrie a etc, per rapport aux chiffres de 1930, de
66,9Z, a 93,5i-. D' annee en annde on voit diminuer is nombre
de personnes enregistrdes comme invalides pour cause de
maladie.
La mortalitd gdndrale en URSS a baisse par rapport aux
anndes d'event is Revolution do 4,2 fois: de 30,2 par. 1 000
en 1913 elle a passe a 7.2 en 1960. Le rythme de la beisse
de is mortalitd on URSS s' aecdlere continuellement: avant is
deuxieme guerre mondiale le baisse de is mortalitd dteit on
moyenne de 0,44% par an, tendis que dans les dernieres 17
anndes ells etait de 00687;t done une This et demie plus
rapids.
Cette baisse do is mortalitd en URSS 'suit an rythme
tellement rapids qu'aucun pays du monde ne connait. Per rap-
port a l' annee prdrdvolutionnaire de 1913 le mortalite
gdnerale en URSS a baisse de 4,2 This, tandis qu'aux Etats
Unis pendant is mime periode elle n's diminue que do 28%
et en Angleterre de 18'.. Un demographe amerieain connu,
B.Thomson, eorit que "Union Sovietique en l'espece de 20 ens
a atteint is niveau que l'Angleterre aurait mis 100 ens a
atteindre".
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
4.
De j a depuis plusleurs anndes on enregistre en URSS
la mortalite gdndrale is plus basse: per 1 000 habitants,
elle etait de 7,2 en URSS, de 9,5 aux Etats Unis, de 11,7
dens la Republique Federative Allemande, de 11,7 en Angle-
terre et de 11,8 en France.
Lorsqu'on analyse les causes de la mortalite, it fact
attirer l'attention on URSS sur les variations du coefficient
de mortalite dine aux affections cardio-vesculaires. Aux Etats-
Unis en l'espace de 25 ens (de 1924 a 1949) it a double - de
178,1 i l a passe a 352.0 (par 100000 habitants) at reprd-
sente 37,9% du nombru total des ddces dont le niveau y reste
plus eleve qu'en URSS. Dans notre pays ce coefficient est
deux fois plus bas. Ce result at ne varie pas si on prend lee
soi-disant indices standartisds, o'est 'a dire ceux qui dli-
minent l' inf luence de la composition en dge de la population.
Tout peuple vit et se ddveloppe non pas seulement pour
son present. Ce sont nos enfants qui portent l'estafete de la
vie. Les enfants sovietique s qui natseent depuis le fin de la
guerre ont des perspectives de vie plus radieuses. Lear
ddveloppement physique est. bien superieur a oelui des enfants
nes avant la Revolution d'Octobre et moms avant le deuxieme
guerre mondiale. Iis ont atteint le niveau le plus dlevd de
ddveloppement physique. Le poids moyen des nouveaux nee est,
chez les gargons, de 3 500 gr. , chez lee filles - 3 400 gr.
Vers is fin de la premiere annde de la vie la teille moyenne
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
des gargons est de 75.4 cm, # celle des filles - 74p2 cm. ; le
poids moyen des garcons a P age d'un an est de 10,600 gr.,
celui des filles - 10.000 gr. Los indices de Is taille, du
poids, de Is cireouferenee thorecique ehez les enfants dens
lee crSohes at chez coax d' age preseolaire at scolaire
s' ameliorent constemment. Les recherches des savants so-
vietiques stint unanimes a ce sujet. La mortalite infantile
a baisse de 7,6 This pendant Is periode sovietique: de
273 per 1 000 nalssanees vivantes an 1913 ells a passe
36.0 an 1960; rion qua pendant lea derniers 5 ans elle a
diminue de 42;=.
A Is suite de Is baisse de Is mortalite generale at
infantile le peuple sovietique a pu conserver des dizaines
de millions de vies humaines pour le travail at Is creatiohi
Le nombre total des habitants a. augmente depuis 20 ans de
12 , at le nombre de personnes a 1'4ge de travail, malgre
les enormes sacrifice faites par 1'URSS dens la guerre
contra l'Allemagne hitlerienne, a augmente de 17,x.
A Is suite d'une forte baisse de Is mortalite, an URSS,
Is duree moyenne de Is vie a plus quo double: de 32 ens an
1896-97 a 68 an 1957-58.
Les chiffres cites permettent de oonolure qu'en URSS,
pendant Is periode sovietique, le nivesu de is sante de Is
population s'est fortement eleve, on voit augmenter Is
oapeoite de travail, Is lbngevite des citoyens sovietiques a
augmente.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
6.
Toutes les nationalites de 1'Union Sovietique marchent
de pair dens cette voie, mime celles qui avant la Revolu-
tion d'Octobre etaient en train de degenerer et de
s'eteindre. -Actuellement non seulement elles ont rattrape
leer retard- dens le developpement physique et 1'etat- de
sante, mais, sur nombre d' indices, ont depasse' le niveau
moyen de tout le pays.
Ii est interessant de titer a ce titre 1'exempie de 19
filariose (urichta"). Cette grave affection eteit largement
repandue drns 1'Ouzbekistaa avant la Revolution. wais deja
depuis 30 ans on n'a pas enregistre dens 1a Republique sovie-
tique d'Ouzbekistan an seal cas de filarioze-, Bien que dens
les pays voisins oette maladie garde son careotere de masse.,
La dynemique de is sante du people dont noun- somwes fiere
apporte one enorme charge d'optimisme aux peoples qui ne sont
entres qu'il y a pee de temps, dens is voie do developpement
national independent; en fait, its voi.ent se poser devent eux
dens toute leer complexite les durs probl'eines d' assainisse-
mint qui ont ete resoles avee sueces- daps 1'Union Sovietique.
Comment dono a-t-on pu reussira' -ameliorer dens an dslai
aussi court - dens les limites de vie duns seule generation
is seate du people sovietique?
On 1' a obtenu parce qu'en URNS is protection de Is sante
de is population est an devoir de l''Aet qui prend l'entiere
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
7?
responsabi lite pour 1 "dt at de santd du peuple. L' Et at sovie-
tique a une notion tres large de cette responsabilitd. I1 part
du principe qu'un des besoins le plus importants de 1'homme
debarresse de l'exploitation dconomique et de l'indgalite
juridique, se rendant compte dans ces conditions de is veleur
particuliere de is vie humaine,.eat la_santdi son amdliore-
tion at consolidation.
"Pour noes, constructeurs du communisme dit N.S.Khroutahev
le principal c'est 1'homme. La lutte pour le communisme c'est
la lutte pour une vie humaine meilleure.-Tout pour le bon-
hear de 1'homme, tout pour lui".
Ainsi done la protection de is sant,e an URSS est oonsi-
dere event tout comme an probleme huuanit?aire. Le socidte
socialiste non seulement a toutes les possibilites, meis est
egalement profonddment interessde a ce que les besoins
oonstamment croissants de 1'homme soient satisfaits, y
compris le besoin de la sante en tent que condition obligatoi-
re dune participation active au trav&il, a la creation, a is
vie culturelle, sociale et individuelle.-
C'est le raison pourquoi is protection de is sentd du
peuple est deven?e une fonction de 1'Etat Sovietique.
La forme is plus parfaite de is conservation et du
ddveloppement de la sante individuelle et collective, c'est
le prophylaxis, la_prev_ention des maladiesz la crdation des
conditions-du milieu_physique et social _qui lin:.itentau
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
maximum lapose1bilitdd' apparition de nouveaux oas de
maladie.
Le regime social sovietique, 1'eoonomie socialiste, tout
le genre de vie des eitoyens sovietiques ardent les pre-
misses materielles, oulturelles, juridiques at morales pour
la preservation de is sente, pour is prevention des maladies.
En transformant la nature Bans les buts eoonomiques, 1'Etat
sovi6tique par cela mime assainit le milieu physique exte-
rieur pour des millions de citoyens.
Dens lea conditions d'exploitetion capitaliste, 1'orga-
nisme humain s' use trop tot, le travail deviant une source
de traumatismes, d'invalidite, de morbidite elevee.
Dans l'Union Sovietique, le but fondamental du progres
technique dens 1'industrie at 119grieulture est l'augmenta-
tion de is production. IV ais an mime temps oe progres oree des
conditions hygieniques pour le travail, ameliore is situation
materielle des travailleurs, assainit leur vie. En elevant
le niveau cultural du peuple, la sooiete sovi6tique per
eels m8me supprime lee sources de plusieurs maladies at
assure la sante physique at mentale du peuple. En URSS,
deja depuis tree longtemps, it n'y a plus de oh3mage du
tout comma ii n'y a pas de misere at de privations qu'il
entraine. mime les personnes qui sont actuellement agees
de plus de 30 ens sont nCes de j a e 1' dpoque ou le peuple
sovi6tique aveit oublie ce qua o'etait qua le chomage.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
9.
Le revenu national qui est a la base du bien-e"tre
materiel du people a augments dans 1'Union Sovietique en
1960 par rapport a 1913 de 1794 f oi8 par tete d' habit ant
(en valeurs comparables) tandis qu'aux Etats Unis, pendant
is m8me pdriode, it n'a augmentd que de 1.9 fois, en
Angleterre et en France - de 1,8 Lois. Dens Les derniers
45 ans lee salaires reels des ouvriers industrials et des
conetructeurs en URSS sont augmentd de 5,8 fois. Les reve-
nue reels des paysans Be sont accrue en moyenne de presque
7 fois par trevailleur. Les oitoyens sovidtiques Be nou-
rissent beaucoup mieux que lea ouvriers et lee paysane event
is Revolution d'Octobre, is consommation des produits lee
plus precieux pour l'orgenisme humein par tete d'habitent
a considdrablement augmentd, la composition des aliments
Blest emdliorde.
En comparaison aver le pdriode d' avant is Revolution,.-.
le oonsommation des families d'ouvriers en 1957 a augmentd
per tete: pour is viande et le lard de 2 fois, pour le leit
at lee produits laitiers de 3.8 fois pour Les oeufs - de
2,4 fois, pour le lucre - 2,3 fois.
Chez lee kolkhoziens, 1'amdlioration de l'alimentetion
par rapport a la pdriode d'avant la Revolution a dtd encore
plus marquee. La o one ommati on de vi ende at de lard c he z eux
a augments par tfte de 2,3 fois, cells des oeufs - de 4,3
fois, du sucre - 3t5 fois.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10 CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
10.
On connaft bien 1'importanoe des conditions d'habitation
pour la preservation de la sante et pour la prevention du
nombre de maladies.
Pendant la deuxieme guerre mondiale, les fascistes
allemands ont detruit oompletement ou en pertie 1 710 villas
et agglomerations urbeines, plus de 70 000 villages, plus de
6 millions de batiments et ont prive de toi,t pros de 25
millions d'habitants. I1 faut dire egelement que la popula-
tion des villes s' acorolt actuellement d'une f a4bn tree
rapide. Done, la construction des habitations bien amenagees
eu point de vue technique pour les grandes masses de la
population- est un probleme extremement oomplique. Cependant,
it a ate pose et est en train d'etre resolu avec sucoes.
La construction des habitations dens l'Union Sovietique
se fait sur une echelle qui depasse de beaucoup cello des
pays capitalistes les plus evances. En 1960, en URSS on a
oonstruit et mis en exploitation 14 logements par 1 000 habi-
tants, tandis qu'aux Etats Unis seulement 7,2, en France
7, 1, en Angleterre - 599,
L'elevetion du niveau de is vie en URSS e'aocompagne
d'une diminution de la duree de le journee de travail.
En 1960, en URSS, on a completement terming le passage
des ouvriers et des employes a la journee de Sept et de six
heures.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
11.
Ce passage a une journee reduite de travail et a one
demaine de travail plus courte s' opere "non seulement sans
diminution des eaieires, mais avec leer augmentation". ('?.S.
Khroutchev). -
Ainsi done is prevention des maladies se fait dens notre
pays non seulement per des mesures de prophylaxie medicale,
mais grAce a l' amelioration de toutes les conditions mate-
rielles at culturelles de le vie du people.
Le service de sante sovietique cherche a utiliser large-
ment ces possibilites dans lee interets de la sante du peop-
le. iv ais en mime temps it applique largement les mesures
medicales pour l'ameliorption de cette sante.
Le travail de toutes lee institutions medicales so-
vietiques est caracterise per son orientation prophylectique.
Leeprincipes de is prophylexie sovietique sont perti-
culierement appliques dens le systeme special des organes
et des institutions sanitaires de 1'Etat. Toutes les entre-
prises industrielles, tous lee organes municipaux, les
ecoles at d'autres etablissements pour enfants, les entre-
prises d'alimentetion, de commerce etc. sent soumis a des
formes variees de surveillance sanitaire.
La legislation sanitaire sovietique accorde des droits
importants aux organes sanitaires qui leur permettent de
prendre des mesures oontre les infractions aux reglements
sanitaires; it y 8 des reglements pour la protection sanitaire
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
12.
de l'eeu, de fair et du sol, pour 1'observation de 1'hygiene
dons l'industrie (en ce qui concerne la protection du travail),
pour is construction des entreprises industrielles, des
habitations, pour 1'elaboration des plans et l'amenagement
des villes et des villages. Aucun projet de construction ou
de reconstruction des entreprises, de processus technologi-
ques, etc. ne peat e"tre realise sans etre approuve par les
organes senitaires.
Toutes ces fonctions sont remplies par les stations sa-
nitaires et epidemiologiques qui existent dons chaque ville
et dans chaque arrondissement rural.
v.ais tout en mettant en avant la prophylaxie, le service
de sante sovietique ne l'oppose pas au traite.._ent. A is base
de is medicine sovietique se trouve le principe de synthese
et d'unite de treitement et de prophylaxie.
C'est pourquoi is forme la plus parfaite de is protection
de la sante du peuple en URSS e st la methode de la dispense:
risation du service medical.
Plusieurs groupes de pL:rsonnes bien port antes sont dis-
penserises: toes les enfants depuis leur naissance, les
adolescents-ouvriers, les femmes eneeintes, certains groupes
d'ouvriers et d'employes, ainsi que lee tuberculeux, les me-
lades souffrant de maladies rhumatismales du coeur, d'hyper-
tonie, d'insuffisance coronaire et d'autres affections
c hroni que s .
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
13.
Toutes lee personnel portees sur le registre de dispen-
serisation se trouvent sous une surveillance medicale syste-
matique et, en cas de besoin, obtiennent un traiteLent comp-
lexe.
Lors de is dispenserisation, * 1'element le plus important
du-traitement est represents par l'orgenisation des condi-
tions de vie du malade afin d'obtenir son retablisseuient repide
et complet; on y arrive en modifiant le oaractere et lee con-
ditions de son travail, en lui imposant an regime determine
daps sa vie, s son domicile, en faisant son education
sanitsire.
Lore de Is solution de ces problemes an role important
est joue par le systeme de patronage et par les soi-disant
sanatoriums de nuit.
La dispenserisation en URSS est une methode obligatoire
de travail de toes les etablissements medico-eprophylactiques
(polycliniques, h6pitaux, maisons d' aocouchement, consulta-
tions pour femmes et enfants).
Cette dispenserisation est egelement pratiquee per des
dispensaire speciaux (oncologiques, tubereuleux, dermato-
venereologiques, etc.) dont le nombre en 1961 et sit aux
environs de 2 500. Cheque annee on etend is dispenserisation
sur de nouveaux contingents de is population. En 1960 quel-
que millions de personnel malades et bien portantes etaient
desservies par les dispensaires.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
14.
De plus, en URSS on effectue tons les ans des exemens
prophylactiques periodiques des ouvriers et des employes, des
kolkhoziens, des ecoliers et des etudiants portent sur des
dizaines de millions d'habitants (en 1959 - 44,2 millions de
personnes). Ces examens permettent de degeler lee ohangements
defavorables dans 1'etat de sante des citoyens, d'etudier lee
conditions de leur travail at de leur vie, d'etablir lee
causes de c?3s changements et de prevenir l'apperition des
maladies.
Tels sont done les carscteres prinoipaux de l'oriente-
tion prophylactique de lA protection de is saute sovietique.
Ayant fait de la protection de le sante un des elements
le plus important de le politique sociale, besee sur lee prin-
cipes de l'humanisme socialiste, guide par i'interft prof and
que porte is societe a is sante du peuple, 1'Etat sovietique
s'est impose is tache de satisf sire au maximum les besoins du
peuple en service medical at prophylactique. Cette tache est
devenue is loi de is societe sovietique. Elle est realises per
une extension systematique et continue du reseau d'institu-
tions medico-prophylaetiques generales et speoiales, par leur
accessibilite pour le population, per une amelioration de leer
equipement technique et un enrichissement de leur base me-
terielle et technique, per l'augmentatjon du nombre de medeeins
et d'eutres trsvailleurs med~caux, par., le specialisation et
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
15.
1' amelioration du service medical, une elevation de is cultu-
re medicale dens le travail des institutions du service de
sante.
Four is premiere fois dens 1'histoire de l'huuianite on a
mis a is dispositions de tous les citoyens de l'URSS an
service medical accessible, -?gratuit et competent.
La condition le plus import Ante pour que toutes lee for-
flies des soins medicaux soient ecoessibles a tous est leur
ratuite complete pour toute is population des villes et des
villages.
Dans l'Union Sovietique, toutes les formes des some
m'dicaux a is population urbaine et rurale - pour les ouvriers
et les employes, les intellectuels, les payssns et les membres
de leurs families, les hommes et les femuues, les adultes et les
enfants - sent payees per 1'Etat qui alloue a cet effet
des credits considerables portes sur le budget general. En
1959, l'Etat a depense pour le protection de la sante et le
culture physique 44,6 milliards de roubles, et, si l' on tient
compte des organisations de 1'Etat, cooperatives et publiques
- plus de 50 milliards de roubles (en 1913, dens la Russie
d' avant is Revolution on n' a depense P cet effet que 146,4
millions de roubles).
Les soins medicaux deviennent encore plus accessibles
grace au sy$teme des assurances_sooiales de_1'Etet qui ecoor-
de a toes les ouvriers et lee employes des allocations de
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
16.
maledie et per eels meme leer permet de reagir a tous lea
evertissements concernent l' apparition des troubles de la
sante et de s'edresser a temps aux medeoins.
Le budget des assurances sociales de 1':stat eat egale-
ment en voie d'augmentstion continue: en 1959 it etait de
64 milliards de roubles, 295 fois plus grand que oinq ans
auparavant.
Un role important dans 1'amelioration de is sante da
peuple en URSS eat joue per lea pensions de _retraite aux
travailleurs_ Lill 1959, lea pensions de retraites dtaient
payees ? 18,4 millions de personnes, et 1'Etet y a aooorde
66,8 milliards de roubles, le double de ce qui a ate elloue
en 1955. En URSS 1'84ge auquel on o droit a is pension pour
la vieillesse est le plus bas: 60 ans pour lea homnes et
55 pour lea femmes; aux Etets Unis it est de 65 ans pour lee
hommes et 62 pour lea femmes; dens la Republique Federative
Allemande - 65 ans pour lea ho=es et pour lee femmes; au
Canada, en Irlande, en Norvege - 70 ans.
Les soins ambulatoires dens lea villes sent fournis
dans lea consultations et lea polyeliniques, lea servioes
polycliniques des hopitaux reunis et des sections medico-
sanitaires des entreprises industrielles; dens lea dispen-
saires specialises (tuberculeux, oncologiques, et*c. ), dans
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246A061500170001-0
17.
les poster medicaux; les soins a domicile sont fournia par
lee medecins de district et les specialistes des polyclini-
ques; les secours urgents et_rapides - par lee stations et
les postes de secours d'urgence.
On sait que dans la plupart des pays, y eompris L'Angle-
terre ou it y a an Service Notional de Sante, les some extra-
hospiteliers aux malades sont fournis per les praticiens de
medecine generale, qui traitent les malades de touter les
specialites dans leers cabinets particaliers.
Ii est evident qu' a 1'heure actuelle is so= e des
connaissances medioales avec une differenoietion profonde
entre les disciplines medic ales, ne permet pas au medecin de
prodiguer ses soins qualifies aux melades de differentes
specialites. Dans ces conditions, is qualite des some medi-
caux est encore diminuee par l'absenee de 1'equipement diag-
nostic et therapeutique necessaire chez le medeoin exergant
tout seal.
Enfin, un praticien de medecine generale, oherohant a
devenir "medecin de famille" se trouve isole des mesures
prophylactiques necessaires au malade ou aux membres de sa
f amille .
Comme reaction naturelle a oette situation, on voit a
l'etranger tine tendance de plus en plus croissente a l'organi-
sation de 18 "pratigae en groupes".
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246A061500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
La polyclinique sovietique a elimine avec succes ces de-
fauts. Elle a resolu le probleme de Is pratique en groupe sous
la forme Is plus parfaite.
Jne polyclinique est an etablissement medico-prophylac-
tique qui occupe d-s dizaines de medecins competents de
specialites differentes. Le territoire desservi par la poly-
clinique est divise en plusieurs districts medicaux. Chaque
district compte pres de 2 000 habitants adultes. Cette popu-
lation est desservie per un medecin de district.
Une telle organisation des soins medicaux permet au
medecin de bien eonnaitre les malades et les personnel bien
portantes de son district, les conditions de leur travail et
de leur vie, assure l'unite de surveillance et de traitelnent
du malade.
he medecin do district est en meme temps organisateur
principal des mesures prophylectiques, individuelles et
collectives, ear le territoire de son district. Cele supprime
Is separation entre Is prophylaxie et le traitement, contri-
bue a leur synthese dens le travail du medecin.
Le medecin de district est un therapeute qualifie au
courant des specialites contigues. Cependant, it n'est pas
universel. 4 Is polyclinique, a cote des medecins de district,
on a des medecins specialises dons tous les domaines de Is
medecine (chirurgiens, gynecologues, pedietres, oculistes,
oto-rhino-laryngologistes, neuro-pathologistes, etc.).
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
19.
Dens chaque eas ou le malade le desire ou lorsque le
medecin de district le lui propose it s' edresse au specia-
liste correspondant.
En 1959, en URSS ii y aveit 39 193 etablissements medi-
caux ambulatoires et polycliniques.
Le reseau des etablissements ambulatoires et polyclini-
ques dens lee villes a eugmente depuis 10 ans de 2 350 unites.
Le Service National de Sente en Angleterre n1 a reussi a Greer
en l' espace de 12 ans que 5 "centres de le sante" (avec un
plan calcule pour 2 000).
:...algre que toes les citoyens de 1'Union Sovietique
aient a leur disposition lee soins medicaux accessibles, gra-
tuits et qualifies, on a cree aux grendes entreprises in-
dustrielles ce qu'on appelie lee sections medico-sanitaires
afin de rapprocher ces soins des ouvriers. Les ouvriers et
les employes des entreprises y recoivent les soins poly-
cliniques et hospitaliers organises selon le principe de ser-
vice territorial pour chaque atelier. Les sections medico-
sanitaires dens lee entreprises industreilles ont fait leur
apparition pendant la deuxieme guerre mondiale. Et cependant,
en 1960, on en oomptait deja plus de 1 000.
Ainsi done, tout travailleur peat s' adresser pour lee
some medicaux suivant son domicile ou le lieu de son tra-
vail. C'est ce qui, soit dit entre eutres chosen, assure la
liberte de ohoix du medeoin par le malade. Cette possibilite
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
devient plus grande encore du fait que dens une polyolinique
dana chaque sp6cialit6 it y a plusieurs mzdecins et le malade
peat s'adresser a 1'un d'eux a son choix.
En URSS on a une large organisation de service medical
pour la population rurale. I1 est egelerent organise suivant
le principe territorial. Un district medical rural dessert
is population de 5 a 7 looalit6s. L'institution centrale du
district medical est l'hopitel avec consultation. Le nombre
de lits dens les hopitaux rureux var.ie de 10 a 50 suivent le
nombre d'hebitants sur le territoire qu'ils desservent.
Un h6pital rural de district fournit aux ouvriers des
sovkhozes et aux kolkhoziens toutee les formes de some
m6dico-prophylectiques n6cessaires. Cet hopitel dessert
6galement les femmes en couches et fait le travail sani-
taire et prophylectique y compris celui d'education sanitaire.
Pendant is p6riode sovietique, le nombre de districts
m6dicaux ruraux a augment6 de 6 fois.
Dens cheque village important situe sar le territoire
du district medical ii y a an poste d'aide-medecin (geld-
scher) et de sage-femme qui fonctionne sous is direction de
l'hopitel de district. Dens beaucoup de kolkhozes it y a des
maisons d'aecouchement kolkhoziennes d'un type nouveau qui
6tait inconnu dens les campagnes russes d' avant is Revolu-
tion Dens les regions rurales on a cr66 an grand reseau de
creches d'enfants permanentes et saisonnieres. Ce sont lee
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
medecins de 1'h3pital rural de district qui dirigent le tra-
vail de tous ces etablissements.
Dens chaque centre rural administratif it y a un hopital
d'arrondissement qui fournit a la population les soins medi-
caux specialises. Ioi, les habitants des caiapagnes re(;oivent
lea soins medicaux et hospitaliers dans toutes les speciali-
tes et dens tous les oas ou l'h8pit?l rural de district no
peat les leur fournir soit par le manque de competence de son
personnel, soit par l'insuffisance de son equipement diag-
nostic et therapeutique. Line station sanitaire et epidemiolo-
gique fait partie de 1'h8pital d'arrondissement. L'hopitsl
d'arrondissement est en me me temps an centre d'orgenisation
methodologique, medico-prophylactique, sanitaire et epidemio-
logique des some medicaux a la population de son arrondisse-
ment, it dirige le travail de toes les etablissements medieeux
sur le territoire qu'il dessert.
La qualite et la specialisation des soins medicaux dens
les etablissements medico-prophylactique ruraux s'ameliorent
tous les ens ainsi que leur equipement technique. Rien qu'au
oours de ces derrieres dix annees, la proportion des ho?itaux
ruraux d'arrondisseaLent ayant an service de radiologie s'est
elevee de 30,7 e 98,1%, cello des hopiteux possedant des
laboratoires - de 75, 4 a 98, 8':. Le nombre de services de
physiotherepie a augments de 7 fois.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
22.
La population rurale regoit egalement les some medi-
caux qualifies et specialises dons lee villes et en premier
lieu dens les hopiteix rCgioneux et republiceins qui sont
des etablissements medico-prophylactique du type clinique
hautement quelifie. clue de 20% de travail des hopitaux des
villes est consacre au service de is population des regions
rurales.
Le nombre de lits d'h8pital dons les villes et les
campagnes a augmente depuis 1913 b 1960 plus de huit foist
de 207 000 i 1 a passe a 1 741 000.
Cette augmentation formidable du nombre des institu-
tions medicales en URSS a fait fortement monter les indices
montrant l'extension des services medicaux pour la popula-
tion; ainsi, en 1913, pour 10 000 habitants it n'y avant
que 13 lits d'hopital, et en 1960 - 81.
L' amelioration du service de sente dens les republiques
nationales suivait une merche encore plus rapide. En 1913,
sur le territoire de la Republique Sovietique de Kazakhstan
ii n' y aveit quo 1 800 lits dens les hopitaux, or, en 1960,
it y en eveit 82 400; dons la Republique Sovietique de
Kirghizie avant is Revolution d'Octobre ii y eveit 100 lits,
actuellement it y en a plus de 16 200; dens la Republique
Sovietique de Tadjikistan en 1913 it y avant egalement 40
lits, et en 1960 - 14 300.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
23.
La protection-de la maternitd-et de_l'enfenee_organisee
1'Etat embrasse tout les problemes concernant is sante
,Ear de is mere et de l'enfant, les conditions de travail et de
vie des femmes, 1'education des enfants. Les lois sovietiques
protegent severement le travail des femmes, surtout celui des
femmes enceintes et des femmes nourrices. La loi a etabli
une responsabilite juridique et une sanction de droit eommun
pour le refus d' accepter une femme au travail ou de diminuer
ses salairea pour cause de is grossesse. Les ouvrieres et les
employees ont un conge paye special pour is grossesse et
l' ecc ouchement: 56 j ours avant l' ace ouchement et 56 j ours
apres. Dans les cas d'aocouchement anormal oa en cas de nais-
sance de juineaux, le conge apres l' accouchement est porte a
70 jours. Les conges de grossesse sont entierement payes par
les assurances sociales de l'Etat. Pendant le conge de
grossesse l,~ femme garde is place de son travail.
D'apres le Reglement des cooperatives agricoles (kolkho-
zes) les kolkhoziennes enceintes obttennent un conge non
inferieur a 30 jours avant l'accouohement et 30 jours apres.
Les femmes nourrices ont des intervalles supplementaires
leur travail pour nourrir leur enfants; ces intervalles
sont inclus dans le temps de travai et payes.
Les etablissements medicaux qui s'occupent de la protec
tion de is maternite et de l'enfence effectuent une surveillan-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
24.
ce successive et continue de is sante de is mere et du de-
ve loppement de 1' enf ant .
Dens ce reseau d'eteblisse,nents pour fem.nes et enfants,
le premier chainon est represents par Is consultation pour
femmes qui fait partie de la maison d'accouchement. Oette
consultation a code tache d' assurer tine marche normale de
is groseesse, de Greer toutes les conditions favorables pour
an accouchement normal et a temps aveo lea bons resultat
pour is mere et l'enfant, de faire Is psycho-prophylexie de
l' accouchement. I1 faut faire remarquer que Is methode de
l' accouchement sans douleur elaboree en U SS a etc reconnue
dons plusieurs pays d'Europe et d'Asie.
En 1913, it n'y avsit en Russie que 9 consultations
pour femmes, or en 1955 it y en avait deje 7 113, done leur
nombre a augmente de pres de 800 fois.
La maison d' accouchement qui dessert Is femme pendant
toute so grossesse lui assure egalement une aide obstetri-
cale qualifiee, fait prendre des mesures pour faire baisser
is morbidite et Is mortalite maternelles et pour conserver
Is vie du.nouveau-n6. Dons toutes les maisons d' eocouchement
et les services d' accouchement des h8piteux it n'y aveit en
1913, dons Is Russie tzariste, que 7 500 lits. Actuellement
en URSS on e 215 000 lits. A Is suite d'un tel developpement
du reseau d'etebliesements gratuits pour les femmes en couches,
Presque toutes les femmes dons les villes et plus de deux
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
25.
tiers dens les eawpagnes aceoachent dens les dtebiissenients
medic aux.
Les soins au developpement physique de l'enfent sont
donnes par l'hopital pour enf ants qui est an eteblissement
medico-prophylactique complexe comprenant une polyclinique
et an hopit el pour enfants. En 1959, it y evait en URSS
240 700 lits pour les enfants dens les hopitaux.
Les enfants sent desservis d'epres le principe terri-
torial, on applique lergement le systeme de patronage. De
cette f a on on assure une continuite a is surveillance
du developpement physique de l' enf ant bien portent, on
applique les mesures pour son developpement optima at
pour Is prevention des maladies. A Is consultation pour
enfants it y a an poste de lait de femme ou le leit est
recueilli chez les femmes qui le donaent benevolement et
qui permet 1'alimentation des enfants per le lait de femme
au cas necessaires. Une cuisine de leit attaehee 6 Is
consultation pour enfants fournit a ces derniers les melan-
ges alimentaires therapeutiques.
Une polyclinique pour enfants non seulement assure le
service medical et prophylactique, mais dirige egalement
le travail des creches et des maisons de l'enfent. Les cre'-
ches permettent a Is femme de prendre part au travail, a is
vie sociale et culturelle, a faire ses etudes, car elles
creent les conditions necessaires au developpement physique
Declassified in Part-Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
26.
et intellectuel de son enfant. En 1913, dens toute is Tussie
it n'y avoit que 550 places dans les creches d'enfents.
Actuellement 1'URSS possede an r6seau de creches permanentes
avec 1 288 000 places. De plus, pendant is saison des travaux
agricoles, on organise dans les eampagnes an reseau de cre-
ches saisonnieres. En 1960, ces creches ont desservi plus de
trois millions d'enfents. En dehors de eels, 3 050 000 enfants
frequentaient lee jardins d'enfents permanents.
La polyclinique infantile exerce une surveillance sys-
t6matique active du developpeuient physique et de 1'6tat de
sante des enfants d'age presooleire et scolaire, elle or-
ganise le repos hygienique des enfants pendent 1e periode
d'et6, leur fournit toutes les formes de soins medico-pro-
phylactiques, organise le service medical pour les collecti-
vites d'enfents - dans les jerdin d'enfents, lee maisons de
1'enfant et lee dooles.
La protection de is sante des mares et des enfants
est effectuee par plus de 27 400 medecins - aecoucheurs-
gynecologues et 55 000 pediatres. Le travail de recherches
scientifiques dans oe domaine est fait par 17 instituts
de recherches de pedietrie, d'obetdtrique et de gyndcologie
ainsi que per an grand nombre de chaires correspondantes
dans lee Institute (Eooles superieures) de medecine.
Les indices de 18 sante des femmes et des enfants
justifient ce systeme de protection. La mortalite maternelle
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
27.
eveit diminue de plusieurs fois depuis 1913 et ectuellement
elle est inferieure a celle de la plupart des grands pays du
monde. Le mortalite infantile a diminue de 7,6 fois depuis
40 ans. Le developpement physique des enfants do toes egea
et des adolescents s' ameliore oonstemment.
En URSS it y a pres de 400 villes et locelites thermales-
balneologiques, fengeuses at olimatiques. En 1913, dans la
Russie tzariste ii n'y avait que 60 sanatoriums avec 3 000
lits. En 1959 le nombre de sanatoriums a atteint 2 061
(augmentation de 34 fois) et le nombre de pleoes dons ces
sanatoriums et ait de 315 000 (augmentation de 105 fois) Avant
le Revolution d'Oetobre en Russie it n'y avait< pas de maisons
de repos. En 1959, it y en avait 889 avec 171 000 places.
Aotuellement, dens les stations thermales at les sana-
toriums de L'Union Sovietique it y a plus de 10 000 medecins
et 35 000 trevailleurs medicaux auxiliaires.
En 1958 plus de 6 millions d'ouvriers, employes, kolkho-
ziens et membres de leurs families se faiseient soigner ou se
reposaient dons les stations thermales, les sanatoriums et lee
maisons de repos. plus de 3 500 000 oavriers at employes y
ont obtenu des cartes de sejour gratuites ou ne remboursaient
que 30% de leur prix aux depens des fonds des assurances
sociales. De plus, des centaines de milliers d'ouvriers et
d'employes ont eu des cartes de sejour gratuites aux frais
de 1'Etat ou ne les ont paye qu'aveo une grosse reduction
aux depens des fonds speciaux des entreprises destines au
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
28.
service social. Douze institute scientifiques de recherches
font des Etudes sur l' action des f eoteurs therL~.aux.
L'organisation d'un service medical gratuit et accessi-
ble a chacun a exige is preparation Van grand nombre de per-
sonnel medical qualifie. C'est pour cette raison que le
nombre d'ecoles mediceles superieures a oonsiderablement
augmente. En 1913, en Russie it n'y en avait que 15, actuelle-
ment en URSS it y a 85 institute superieurs et facultes de
medecine. Dens tons ces etablissements ii y a 175 000 atu-
dients en medecine. Tous lee ens ces etablissements delivrent
presqu'autant de diplomes de medecins qu'il y avait de
medecins en Russie en 1913.
En 1913, pour 159,200 000 habitants en sale ii n'y
avait que 23 000 medecins; en 1960, pour 216,000 000 d'habi-
tents ii y avait 400 000 medecins. Ceci fait 18 medecins par
10 000 habitants c ont re 1,4 en 1913. En 1913, i l y av ait
pres de 7 000 habitants pour 1 medecin, on 1960 - pres de
540. L' augmentation du nombre de medecins a ete particuliere-
ment eccenta6e dans lee republiques nationales et parini elles,
en premier lieu, dans celles de 1'Asie Cnntrale qui etaient
lee plus errierees. Le nombre de medecins dens ces republiques
a augmente de plusieurs dizaines et meme de centaines de
fois pendant la periode sovietique. C'est ainsi que dans le
Turkmenistan it a augmente de 47 fois, dans 1'Ouzbekistan -
de 83 fois, dans le Tadjikistan - de 176 fois, etc. Per le
nombre de medecins, 1'Union Sovietique occupe la premiere
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
29.
Place dans le monde; dans 1'Union Sovietique it y a 18,5
medecins par 10 000 habitants, dens is Republique Federative
Allemande - 13, 6 , aax Et nts Unis - 12,1 , en France - 10,19
en Angleterre - 10, 5.
En URSS pour chaque medecin it y a plus de 3 trevailleurs
m'dicaux auxilisires. Lear nombre eat de 1 315 000. En tout,
en 1959, dens le service de sante du pays on compt^it plus
de 3 millions de travailleurs.
Pour le perfectionneinent des medecins on a en U7-SS 11
Institute speciaux.
Toutes lee mesures prises per lee organes du service de
same sont basees sur lee dernieres realisations de is scien-
oe medic le. A is tete des recherches me'dicales dens le
domaine de is medecine se trouve 1'academie des Sciences
medicales de 1'URSS.
En 1959, it y avait dens l'Union Sovietique 269 insti-
tutions de - -perches medicales scientifiques (en 1913 - 5 ).
Les recherches scientifiques sont sussi effectuees dens
toutes lee ecoles superi-.=tires de medecine. Le nombre de tre-
vailleurs scientifiques et de personnel enseignant a augmentd
rien que pendant lee dernieres 5 annees de 46% et en 1960 a
attcjnt le chiffre de 34 700. De plus, lee medecins-praticiens
occupes dans lee etablissements medico-prophylectiques, sa-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
30.
nitaires et epidemiologiques travaillent egalement a is so-
lution des problemes scientifiques. Parmi eux on compte plus,
de 2 000 docteurs es-sciences et lieencies es-sciences
medic?les.
La mise en pratique des realisations de is science medi-
cale ainsi que la liaison entre is science et is pratique
sent assurees dans une mesure considerable per ce fait que
le service de sante en URSS se developpe eonformement a an
plan.
Le plan de developpement de is protection de is sante
dans notre pays fait une partie integrale du plan general de
1'Etat pour le developpement de 1'economie nationale, de la
science et de is culture. Les plans courants at les perspec-
tives de developpement du service de sante sont elabores en
rapport etroit avec le plan de developpement de 1'economie
nationale.
Dans ces plans de developpement de 1'economie nationale
se trouvent exprimes, en dehors des mesures speciales dens
le domaine de is sante publique, les problemes de developpe-
ment ulterieur du biers-titre de la population, l'amelioration
des conditions de son travail et de sa vie, les mesures dans
le domaine de l'education, de 1'instruction at de is culture.
Tous ces problemes du plan ont une importance sociale et
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
31.
hygienique enorme, car ils assurent les conditions hygieni-
ques du milieu, du travail et de is vie, elevent le niveau
eulturel de is population, oontribuent' a Is baisse de is
morbidite et de is mortelite.
Dons l'Union Sovietique tout citoyen a is droit a is
sante. L realisation de ce droit est assuree per toutes les
conditions de vie de 1'homme dons is societe socialiste, per
un large systeme de protection socialiste de Is sante par
1'Etst, par les assurances socieles de 1'Etet et is securite
sociale.
Se trouvant dons ces conditions, un eitoyen sovietique
se rend compte evec une nettete particuliere et it sent as
responsabilite personnelle devant Is societe pour l'utilisa-
tion des possibilites remarquables qu'on lui offre pour la
preservation et l'amelioration de is sante individuella et
collective. I1 cherche done a organiser as condaite su tra-
vail et dons Is vie, dens is vie individualle et collective
de fapon qu'elle reponde aux interets de as sante et de celle
de ses canierpdes de travail et de vie. Viais it ne suffit pes
de n' avoir que ce desir qui lui est dicte per as conscience
communiste et par sa conception eommuniste de is sente. I1
faut avoir encore des connaissanoes medicales et des habi-
tudes hygieniques. Ces connalssances et ces habitudes sent
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
32.
donnees aux citoyens sovietiques par le systeme d!education_
sanit sire.
L'education sanitaire en URSS est une partie organique
de tout le systeme de is protection de is sente sovietique,
c'est an des moyens les plus importants de son travail medi-
cal et prophylactique. Comme tout ce qui concerne is protec-
tion de is sante en URSS, elle est faite per 1'Etet, planifiee
et financee par lui. L'education sanitaire est an devoir de
tout eteblissement medical at de tout traveilleur medical, en
commengant per l'infirmiere et en finissant par le profes-
sear.
Le democratie sovietique suppose une participation active
de la population elle-m8me a l' acoomplissement des fonotions
de 1'Etat, y compris celle de is protection de is sante. Les
formes de cette participation sont tres veriees. Aupres de
cheque Soviet (Conseil) des deputes des travailleurs (depuis
le soviet du village jusqu' eu Conseil Supreme de la Republi-
que) it existe une commission p3rmanente de is sente composee
de deputes du Soviet, de travailleurs medicaux et de repre-
sent acts de is population.
Aupres des Institutions medicates it y a des conseils
publics composes de representants de differents groupes de
la population desservis par ces institutions.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
33.
Dans lea entreprises, lea kolkhozes, lea ecoles, les
maisons d'habitation ii y a des postes s?nitaires entre-
tenus per lea ouvriers, les kolkhoziens, lea ecoliers, lea
habitants des maisons. Ces pontes sont organises et diri-
ges par lea societes de la Croix Rouge et du Croissant
Rouge. Ces postes sont des aides necessaires et precieux
des travailleurs mediceux. ils contr8lent l' observation des
normes et des regles de l'hygiene, stimulent is participa-
tion active des travailleurs a is lutte pour is proprete et
l'ordre senitaire, pour is creation des conditions lea plus
fevorables a is sante au travail et dens is vie.
Le mot d' ordre 'le sante des travailleurs eat l' oeuvre
des travailleurs eux-m6we"- lance dans lea premieres annees
d'existence du service de sante sovi-etique a ete realise dens
lea annees d' cpres guerre sous forme d'un mouvement populaire
pour is culture sanitaire. Ce mouvement s'oocupe des mesures
adoptees per is population elle-meme concernent l'amenage-
ment sanitaire des villes et des campagnes, l'amelioretion
de l'alimentation en eau, de 1'etat sanitair.e des rues et des
cours, la plantation d'arbres, etc.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
34.
C'est le ikinistere de is Sante de l'URSS qui est charge
de l'organisation de la protection de le sante dins notre
pays at qui dirige le service de sante par l'inter?mediaire
des ministeres de le sante des republiques alliees at auto-
nomes suivent les principes de centralisme democratique. Dans
les regions at les territoires le service de sante est dirige
par lee Departenients regionaux at territoriaux de Is sante,
et dans les arrondissements - par les sections de sante
d'arrondissement des Soviets locaux des deputes des trevail-
leers ou par les h8piteux d'arrondissement qui sont charges
de fonctions de sections de sante d'arrondissement.
Ainsi done, les institutions medicales, an ce qui conoer-
ne les problemes speoieux, sont subordonnes verticelement aux
organes de service de sante et, an oe qui conoerne lee ques-
tions administratives et d'org'nisation, - aux Soviets locaux
des deputes des treveillaurs, par leers sections de sante.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
SCH(MA DE LORCANISATION OE LA PROTECTION
DE LA SANTE EN URSS
ACADEMIE DES SCIENCES
ME'Dir-ALES
STATIONS DE ~URS$
SANATORIA ET T STATK)NS DE CURE MIMISTERE DE LA SANTE PUBLIQUE DE BE
SPECIALISES
SANATORIA SPECIALISES
DE REPUBLIQUE,
DE ..KRA)" ET D'_OSLAST-
DEPARTEMENTS DE LA SANTE
PUBLIQUE DE LA VILLE
POLTC. OUIS INO PINO.ARTI3
DI L?MOP.TAL
DIIPIIMYRI$ /CANCIROLOGIOUIS.
CARDIOLOGIQUIS. ARTITUIIRCULEUX
RIUROLOGIGUN ITC./
MBPITAUS AVIC POLYCLIMQUES
PI6PITAUX MOWWROPMYLIS
CLIBOI/S DII k CUS M MiIIC3N
M we IIIMUTS SI RDCMRCMI$
MPWMSMW fl MAMCO40I-
p~I IA n Lp MTYPRMII MOU-
TRIaLII
POI?II 06KAW M/t M'TI~Ins
MINISTERES
DE LA SANTE PUBLIQUE
DES REPUBLIQUES FEDEREES
Lj
HOPITAUX
DE REPUBLIQUE.
DE _KRATnD'.O1LAST-
DEPARTEMENTS
DE LA SANTE PUBLIQUE
DE ..KRAY ET D' O&LAST
DISPENSAIRES
DE REPUdLIQUE
DE..KRAT IT D'_OBLAST-
STATITIONS SANITAIRES
ET iPIDgMKX_OGIOUES
DE REPUBLIQUE,
DE.. KRA)- IT D'_ORL AST"
MINISTERES
DE LA SANTE PUB-
LIQUE DES REPUB-
LIQUES AUTONOMES
INSTITUTS DE RECHERCHES
SCIENTIFIQUES
INSTITUTS DE RECHERCHES
SCIENTIFIQUES DE REPUBUQUE
INSTITUTS DE RECFERCHES
SCIENTIFIQUES DE REPUBLIQUE,
DE ..KRAJ ET D'_OILAST-
MEDICIN-CHEF DE DISTRICT
I SERVICE HOPITALIER
I POLYCLINIQUE
SECTION SANITAIRE
ET EPIDEMIOLOGIQUE
t NTPE M~olc x
HOPITAL RURAL A11EC I 1
I POSIES DE FELDSCHERS MAISON! 7A000CIEMBIT
(I CRECHES PERMANEHTES IU PMTE3 DES PREMIERS
PHARMACIES
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246A061500170001-0
- KPATKI4E AAHHhIE
O 3,LPABOOXPAHEHHH BMHHMUKOI%I OBJIACTH
YKPAHHCKOcI CCP
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246A061500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246A061500170001-0
MHHI-ICTEPCTBO 3APABOOXPAHEHHSI YCCP
KPATKHE UAHHbIE
O 31IPABOOXPAHEHI4H BHHHHLIKOI%I OBJIACTH
YKPAHHCKOcI CCP
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246A061500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
BHHHHIIKaSI o6aacTb, pacuoJIO}KeHHaI B Ioro-3ana1IHOA
xiaCTH YKpaHHCHO$ CCP, 3aHHMa;eT TeppHTOpai B 27,5 TWIC.
KB.KHnOMeTpoB, w o cocTaBJiaeT Mono 4,6 TeppwTOpHH pec-
ny6JIHKH.
HaceneaHe o6naCTH cocTasjigeT 2144 TblCSIHH nenoBeK.
AAMHHHCTpaTHBHLth IIeHTp o6naCTH - ropoz BHHHHIIa.B
o6nacTH HMeeTcg 32 flaMHHHCTpaTHBHbIX pa$OHa.
HpHpo.aHbie H KnHMaTHlecKHe yCJIOBH$ BHHHHIIKOA o6na -
CTH 6naroIIpH5ITHbI Ans pa3BHTHSI pa3HOO6pa3HbIx oTpacneft
cenbCKOro XO3RIICTBa H IIHILieBO$ npOMbILIIneHHOCTH. B o6na-
CTH pa3BHTO noneBo.acTso, ca1IOBO.LCTBO, )KHBOTHOBOfCTBO.
OAHOH H3 OCHOBHbIX KynbTyp cenbcxoxo35IAcTBeHHoro IIpOH3-
BO.I;CTBa SIBngeTCSI caxapHaSI cBeKlia, BbICOKHe ypo KaH KOTO-
poR HBHJIHCb OCHOBO$ ,gnsl CO3LLaHHs IL:HpOKOri CeTH caxapHbIX
3aBOLIOB.
B nepaon BofHbi 1941-1945 rr. ? H BpeMeHH,)A oxxynailnH
TePPHTOPHH (4)aLLIHCTCKHMH 3axBaTgHKSMH BKOHOMHKa o6naCTH
6bina noaopBaHa, HaceneHHble IIyHKTbi, KOnmI(-.KT:iBHble XO35IIi-
CTBa H npoMbIILIneHHble npewlpH5rTHcI pa3pya1es-.. Pa3pylne-
Ha H pa3rpa6neHa 6bina cTporkHaII CeTL, netie6HO-IIpoc,)1inaK-
THtiecKHX ytlpeJKZIeHHIf o6naCTH. O611wHl 9KOHOMliilecKHS'
yLLIep6 Hc4H.cnsnCSi B'24 MxnnHap.na py6neL.
Ilocne OKOHtiaHHSr BOI1HbI, HapSIlIV C BOCCTaHOBJIeHHeM
IIpOMbIILIJOHHOCTH H cenbcxoro X0391:ICTBa, 6bunH IIPHHSITbI
Mepbl ii K BOCCTaHOB:IeHHIo COIIHa:7bHO-KynbTypHI,1X ytipe)K-
IIeHHii.
C pOCTOM 3KOHOMHKH o6naCTII LLIHpoxoe pa3BHTHe no-
nytLHaa ceTb netie6Ho-npoc.lHnaKTHtiecxax, 03,OOpoBHTenbabix
H aeTcKHx ytlpe3KLIeHH$, KOTOpaH B HacTosimee BpeMH o6ec-
neiiHBaeT HaceneHHe KBanHC3HIIHpoBaHHOIi, npH6nH;Kesno$,
o6weuocTynHOk, 6ecnnaTHOii MezLaitHHcxoi"L IIOMOLLIbIO. H3
rorla B POLL BCCHrHOBaRHR Ha 3I_[paBooxpaHeHHe o6naCTH
yBenHHHBaIOTCSi. IIo cpaBHeHHio c 1940 r. 61O.II}KeT 3,ripaBo-
oxpaHeHH51 ysenHHHnCSI B 4 pa3a H B 1961 r. cocTasncleT
28221 Tbic.py6nefl.
B HaCTOSIiuee BpeMSI B o6naCTx cpyHKIIHOHHpyeT 256
6oabHHII, 592 KOJLX03HbIX pOAHnbHbIX AOMa, 136 ?IeTCKHX
fic zei, 11 caHaToples, 141 Bpaile6Hblii H c )enbuLLlepCKHrd
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
3LLpaBIIyHKT Ha npoM-buuJieHHblx rLpe,gIIpHSITHHx, 1004
c~enb,LlLLiepcxo-axyILlepcKHX IIyHKT8 B cenax, 42 aeTCKNe
MOnOgHbie KyxHH H apyrHe y ipexc,L[eHHcl.
B ygpe3K,aeHHgx 3,LLpaBooxpaHeHHSI BHHHHIIKO$ o6nacTH
pa6oTaioT 2312 Bpagefk H 9813 cper aax MOL.HUHHCKHX pa-
6OTHHKOB.
B 1931 r. B BHHHHue 6bin opraHH3osaH M eAHUHHCKHH
HHCTHTyT. Ilpoc~eccopcxo-npeliouaBaTenbcxHg CoCTaB HH-
CTHTyTB OK83bIBaeT 6onbiilylo IIpaxTHtiecKyio n0MOLLIb yg-
pexc,LIeHHSiM 31 paBooxpaHeHHg o6nacTH. B o6naCTH C~yHK-
IIHQHHpyIOT TaK?Ke TpH McLLaIIHHCKHx ygHnHLUa, KoTOpMe
roTOBSIT K8,LIpbI cpezxHHX McL[HIIHHCKHX pa6oTHaxoB.
OBJIACTHAA BOJIbHI-ILIA
AnSI OK83aHHSI BbICOKOKBanHCmHIIHpoBBHHOII cneIIHanH-
3HpoBaHHOH IIOJHKnHHHgeCKOA H CTaunOHapHoA Me,a[HHHH -.
CKOii UOMOLUH HaceneHHIO BCeH o6nacTH B r.BHHHHIIe B
1948 r. 6bina, C03.LIaHa MHOronpoc} HjmHasl 6onibHHina.
OCHOBHbIMH CTpyKTypHbIMH e,LIH H H IIBMH o6n8CTHOt
6OnbHHIIbI SIBnSIioTCg:
1. flonaxnHHHiecxoe oTaeneHae Co cneIIH8nH3HpOBaH-
HbIMH IIpaeMaMH JKa6HHeTaMH/ no TepaIIHH, neIlHaTpaH,
xHpypraH, raaexonoraH, CTOMaTOJIOrHH,o()TanbMOJxorHH, OTO-
pHHOnapHHroJIorHH, reMBTonoraH a BCIIOMoraTenbHblMH ne-
ge6HO-,aHarHOCTHgeCKHMH Ka6HHeTaMH CbyHKIUIOHanbHOi_ ,na-
arHOCTHKH, ClH3HoTepanHH, 3neKTpoKapaHprpaC4HH, peHTreHO-
AHarHOCTHKH.
2. CTaILHOHap Ha 600 KOeK, KOTOpbIA HMeeT B CBOeM
cocraBe cae.E[ylowHe oTgeneHasi: TepaneBTHgecxoe, reMa-
TonorHgecxoe, y('jc oe coMaTHgecxoe, xapyprxnecxoe,
LeTCxoe xHpyprilecxoe, Topaxanbxoe, yponorHgecKoe,rH-
HexoaoragecKoe, cToMaTonoragecILoe, ocf TaJIbMOnorwgecxoe,
OT OpHHOnapaHronoragecxoe, paLIHonorlgecKoe, peHTreao-
,uHaraocTagecxoe, cbH3HOTepaxeBTHgecxoe H nege6HOi CcH3-
KYnbTypbl, narojoroaHBTOMHgeCKOe H up.
? Me.LIHIIHHCKag IIOMOLUb 60nbablM Ty6epKyne3oM, KOXC-
HbIMH H BeHepHgecxHMH 3a6oneB8HHSIMH OKa3braeTC9 B o6-
naCTHbIX CIIeIIH8nH3HpOBaHHbIX axcnaHcepax.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
3. OpraHH3auHOHHo-MCToziHLIeCKHI3 Ka6HHeT..
B o6nacTHog 6onbHHue pa60TaeT 126 Bpa1iel, 329 cpea-
HHx McIIHUHHCKHX pa6OTHHKOB, 344 genoBeKa MnanLUero Me-
,UHUHHCKOrO H o6cay}KHBaIoLuero uepcoxana.
BHHHHUKaI o6naCTHasi 60nbHHUa S1Bn5ieTC 1 KJHHHHeCKOId
6a30fi McJIHUHHCKOrO HHCTHTyTa. B KJIHHHKax 6OnbHHIIbI pa-
6oTaeT 44 npoc4eccopa, JIOUeHTa H acItHpaHTa BHHHHUKOrO
Me,UHUHHCKOrO HHCTHTyTa.
O6naCTHaH 6OnbHHUa BbIIIOTHHeT Cneuy}OLUHe (1)YHKU HH:
8/ OKa3bIBaeT BbICOKOKBaJIRcjJHUHpOBaHHyIO, cueuHanH3H-
poBaBRylo, IIOJIHKnrHHTieCKylo H CTauHoHapHYIO M2uHUHHCKyIO
IIOMOUIb 60nbHI.IM C HaH60nee CJIO)KHbIMH B uliarHOCTxge-
CKOM H net;e6HOM OTHOLueHHH 3a6one.BaHHSIMH;
6/ OpraHH30BbIBaeT H OKa3bIBaeT 9KCTpeHHyIO H HeOT-
JO}KHYK) cneuHanH3HpoBaHHyI0 MeauuHHCKyK; HOMOLUb Hace-
neHHIO 06naCTH;
B/ OKa3bIBaeT CenbCKHM, paIOHHbIM H rOpOUCKHM ne-
LIe6Ho-upoc naKTHgeCKHM ympexcneHHSIM o6naCTH McTO,aH-
.*ieCKyIO IIOMOLLIb IIO BOIIpOCBM opraHH3au1H, IIOCTBHOBKH H
noBbllueHHST KaTieCTBa netie6Ho-np-oc)HnaKTHgeCKo IIOMOLLIH;
r/ U OBOnHT IIOnrOTOBKy Bpa'ieH-CffeunanHCTOB WIH
nege6HO-IIp0(j)HnaKTHmeCKHX yIpexKueHHrI 06naCTH, a TaK?Ke
IIPOBO,LXHT IIOBbILUeHHe KBanli()HKBUHH Cpe,3HHX MeuUUHHCKHX
pa60THHKOB;
u/ OKa3bIBaeT IIOMOLUb o611aCTHOMY OTUeny 3,LIp8BOOX-
paHeHHSi B pa3pa6OTKe pa3JIHTuHbIX BOIIpOCOB no opraH113auHY
3npaeooxpaxeHH5i.
Ka6HHeTbI H na60paTOpHH IIOnHKJIHHHKH, a TBK)Ke OTae-
JEHHSI CTauHOHapa o6aaCTHOii 6onbmHUbI OCHBLLIeHbI coBpeMeH-
HOH neLIe6HO-uHarHOCTH^iecxoA anuapaTypoL. B TOM gKcne
EMeeTCfi 8 peHTreHOUiiarHOCT$ZiecxHx, 2 peHTreHoTepalleB-
THHeCKHx annapaTa, Ko6anbTOBac TepaneBTHTiecK8c yCTaHOB-
Ka, IIepeuBx3KHo i 3y60Bpa*ie6Hblti Ka6HHeT C 3y6oupore3HO*
na6oparopxeH, o6opyaoaarHbI! Ha cneuxanbaoM aBTo6yce.
B oxa3aHHH KBanxc4HUapoaaHHOhi, cneuxanx3HpOBaHHo$
aM6ynaTOpHOH Me,L(HIIHHCKOH IIOMOLLUH HaceneaHIO BCe$ o6-
naCTH 6onbLL[yio ponb HrpaeT KOHCynbTBTHBHOe IIOiEKJIHHH-
-iecKoe oTUeaeHHe o6naCTHOi 60nbHHUbI.
B uoxmxnmxxnecxom or,genecaH e?Keronxo IIOnyqa]DT
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
FOHcynbTaTHBHyIO H ne'Ie6HyID nOMOLLIb OxOJIO 19 TbiC.ileno-
Bex.
Rig yuo6CTBa 6onbxbix, npH6bwBaioLItHx m3 paRoHoi3 o6-+
naCTH agA BCeCTOpOHHero aM6ynaTOpHoro o6cneAoBaHB:$ H
neneHHH, JPH o6naCTHo1 60nbHHIIe OpraHH3OB.H II8HCHOHBT,
r,ae 6onbHbie o6ecnexwBaio'rcn KOMMyHanbHbIMH ycnyraMH H
nHTBHHeM 6eCIInaTHO.
HanpasneHHe 6onbHBIX Ha KOHCynbTaUHIO H roCIIHTanH-
3anxio UPOBOLLHTCM BpaiidMH paIIOHH-bIx H y=iaCTKOBbIx 6Onb-
HHII. KpoMe Toro, OT6Op 6onbHbIX unsi rOCIIHTanH3anHH ocy"
ILIecTBngeTCH cneIHanHCTaMH o6naCTHof3 6onbHHIIbI B xoH-
cynbTaTHBHOI3 UOnHKJIHHHKe H BO BpeMg KOHCynbTaIIHH 60nb-
HbIx B ae'ie6Ho-npo4JHnaKTHtiecKHx ytIpe?K geHHnx 06naCTH.
):tng oxa3aHHH KOHcynbTaTHBHOfI H nene6H02^ IIOMOLUH
I71HpOKO HCIIOnb3yeTCH caHHTapHag aBHaIHSI H caHHTapH:blA
aBTOTpaHcnOpT. CneUIHBnMCTbI o6naCTHofi 6onbHHIIbI H HayLI-
Hble COTpyJIHRKH Me,IIHILHHCKOrO HHCTHTyTa no Tpe60BaHHIo
Bpa,qe1 y1IBCTKOBbix, paAOHHbIx H ropoucxax 6O9IbIIHII Blble3-
?KaloT B pa>' OHbI ans ma3ahMn KOHCynbTHTH$HOi1 HOMOLLIH.
B CTaIIHOHape 06na.CTH01 6-onbHHIIbI e}KeroAHO neRlITCIi
CBbILLIe 10 TbICSLI 60nbHbIX H3 ropoaOB H pa OHOB o611aCTI,
nomaBngioLuee 6OnbIIIHHCTBO 6onbHbIx COCTaBJIHIOT }KHTenH
cenbcKxx McCTHOCTeil.
flpH ne-ieHHH 6onbHbix xaK B nOnHKJIHHHKeyy T8K H B
CTauwoHape npHMeHSIIOTCS pa3Jm'n bie McTOabI TepanHH. flC-
MHMO McAHKBMeHTO3HbIX xHMHoTepaneBTHHecKHx CpeL-ICTB,
aHTH6aKTepHanbHbIX upenapaTOB. Luipoxo npHMeHgeTCc ne-
penaaaHHe KpOBH, (J)xax IecKHe McTO,abI ne-IeHHSI, nene6Han
C~ H3KynbTypa H HrnOyKanblBaHHe.
Bonbuloe BHHMaHHe yi enneTCn nege6HOMy nHTBHHIO,B
OCHOBy KOTOpOro nono?KeHa HOMeHKnaTypa JIeie6Hbix AHeT,
paapa6oTaHHag HHCTHTyTOM IIHTBHHg AKa,geMHH McaHIIHH-
CKHX HayK CCCP.
Ha6nloueHHe 3a 6OnbHbIMH nocne HX BbIIIHCKH H3 CTa-
IIHOHapOB no pexoMeHllanmH CnefHanHCTOB o6naCTHOii 60nb-
HHIIbI OCyLLIeCTBncIOT BpaiiH pall0HHbIX H y' aCTKOBbIX 6onb-
cyHxuxH 6onbHHIIb1 He orpaHH,,iwBaIOTCn TOJIbMO neae6-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
So$ pa6o olk. O6nacrHa i 6oJIbHHua gBngeTCg xoncyrlbTaTHBHbi-*
H opra$H3auHOHHbLM McTgIIHFlecxxm uewTpoM Ling Bcex riege6-
Ho-Hpoc IHnaxTH'lecxxx ytipe*ueHH2 o6naCTH, xoTOpb1A cnoco6-
CTByeT npaBHJIBHO$ opraHH3auHH ne-xe6HO-npo4)xxaxTB'iecxo*
pe6oTbl, a Taxaice .6a3oa nosbuueHH51 KBaJIHC4HxanIHH H ycosep-
iue,HCTBOBaHHg McZHUHHCKHX xa,apoB.
3a 1960 r. Bpanai. o6nacTHoll 60HbHHubi 6bino cuenaao
330 axcTpeHHbix H 485 naaHOBbix BbiesuoB, Bo apeMsi xoTo-
pbix apoxoacynbTHposaHO MHOro 6onbHbix; 61bino upoR3Berte-
Ho 207 noxa3aTenbabix onepauH1 H IlpoBerteno 95 HayzIHO-
npaxTHtlecxHx KoaccepeHuzlk no BolrpocaM upo4xnaxTHxH,
,rHarHOCTHxH H negeeHs.
CHeUHaJIHCTbI o6JaCTHo$ 60nbHHIIbI Oxa3blBaxor 3Hat[H-
TenbHyIo opraHH3auxOHHo-MCTOAHLIeCKyIO UOMOILtb ynpexcue-
HHgM 3,gpaBOOxpaHeHH.si B noBbiLueRHH Ka1eCTBa ne4e6Ho-npo-
(4HnaxTHLIeCKO2 HOMOIUH H KynbTypbl O6Cny)KHBBHHg 6OnbHbIx.
OHH H3yLIaxOr H LL1HpOK0 BHegpgIoT B npaKTHKY HOBbie, HaH-
6onee 9Cxf exTHBHbie McTOAbi IIHarHOCtHXH H ne leHHg,a Tax-
we 6onee cosepureaubie opraHH3auxoHHbie ()opMbl MeuRHHH-
Cxoro o6Cnyx4HBaHHg.
Bcio pa6oTy cuen[HaimcToB o6naCTHoo 6onbHaubI no oxa-
3aHHIO ne'e6HO$, xoHCyJIbTaTHBHO7i H McTOAHqeCKO$ IIOMOIuH
yttpe)ICueHHiM 3ApasooxpaseHH9 o6nacTH IInaHHpyeT H Koop
AHHHpyeT opranH3aun0HHO-McTOAHPIeCKH3 xa6HHeT. 3TOT xa-
6HHeT BMeCTe C xo+TneKTHBOM Bpaie$ o6nacTHo 6onblmnbi
allanwaRpyeT AegTeJTHOCTb Bcex neile6HO-rlp4HnaKTHgeciHx
yiIpe. KAeHH$ BHHHHnxo$ o6aaCTH, :H3y'IaeT 3a6oneBaeMOCTb
HaceneRng H HaMetlaeT xoaxpeTHbie MepotpHHTHH no yny' iuJe-
HHIO pa6oTb1 -y%xpexcueHH! 3ApaBOoxpaHeHHH, cHH?KeHHIo 3a-
60neBaeMOCTH H CMepTHOCTH HacenenRH.
B o6nacTnoA 6onbHHue ILIHpOKO npOBOAHTCc cueuHanH3a-
IM9 H ycosepmmeHCrsosBHHe MerIHUHHCKHX xaupoB. Tonbxo 3a
nocne,aHHe 5 neT ung palloHHblx H ytlaCTKOBbIx 6omi in n noA-
rOTOBneHO 1256 cpe.nHHx MeuHIIHHCKHx pa60THHxoB H 495
Bparle , s TOM 'Hcne 17 rHHexonoroB, 29 TepaneBTOB,39 xH-
pyproB, 70 yponoros, 170 na6opaHTOB H 170 BpazleA apyrHx
cnezHanbgocTeA.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
3-UPABOOXPAHEH14E TYIIbLII-IHCKOI,O PAcIOHA
TynbgHHCKHj paliOH BXO,UHT B COCTaB BHHHHIIKOA 06-
JIBCTH. gHcneHHOCTb HaceneHHSI B patioae COCTaBJIsIeT 70000
genoBeK. B palioxe HMeeTCSI 18 KOJIX030B H COBX030B,IIJIO,110-
KOHCepBHJII3 3aBOU,. 06yBHaSI H LuBeIiuaM cia6pKKH, CaXapHbIH
3aBO,a, IIpe,anpHSITHSI McCTHOI"I IIPOMbILLineHHOCTH.
B patioue c4yHKUHOHHpyeT 34 LIIKOnbl, u1KOna-HHTepHBT
H 2 cpeLu x TexEH.HecxHx yvmzxLua.
CeTb JIexre6HO-IIp4HJraKTHgecxax ytlpexcueHKA pafioHa
COCTOHT H3: paii0HHo 6onbHHIIbI Ha 220 xoex, aeTCKOR
6OJIbHHIIbI Ha 50 KoeK,. Ty6epxyne3HOro axcuaHcepa Ha 50
KOeK, 6 cenbcKHx ygaCTKOBMx 6OJIbHHIi, 23 ckenb,QwepcKo-
aKyulepcxHx nyHKTOB, 6 3.L(paBIIyHKTOB Ha IIpOMblwxceHHbIx
IIpeLIIIpHcTHSIX, 16 KOJIXO3HbIX pOaHJIbHbrX LIOMOB, 29 aIITetI-
Hblx IIyHKTOB, 6 IIOCTOSIHHbIX H 32 ce3oHHbIx ? eTCKHX SICneIi-
ca,aOB Ha 2500 -MecT. KpoMe Toro, B pagoHe HMeeTCA 2 ca-
HaTOpHg Ha 275 MecT.
B ceTH nege6HO-up4HJIaKTHgeCKHX ygpexctzeHHA palio-
Ha' pa6oTaeT 88 Bpagelt H 461 cpe UHHA McLcHUHHcKHI'i pa -
60THHK. AccHrHOB8HHSI Ha 3.apaBOOxpaxeHBe B 1961 r. co-
cTasnxxrr 1059 TbIC,.py6JIef.
B pe3ynbTaTe cacTeMaTHt;ecKH HPOBoaHMOri nege6Ho-
I%poc~ HnaKTHgeCKOIi pa60TbI B TynbgHHCKOM paRoHe 3a6one-
B9eMOCTb H CMepTHOCTb HBCeneHHSt e}KeroaHO cHH}Ka OrCSI.
CMepTHOCTE, AeTeti ao 1 ro.aa.B patioxe COCTaBJISIeT 12 Ha
1000 pofHBU1HXCSI.
PatioHHast 6onbHHUa B TynbgHHe HMeeT 220 KoeK, R3
HHx: 35 Tepane BTHHecKHx, 30 xgpyprHtrecKHx, 20 opToneuH-
gecxax, 20 oHxoJlorHgecKHx, 35 ueTCKRX, 30 po,aRnbxblx,
10 rRHeKonorHRecxax, 20 HH4 eKUHOHHbIX, 10 oTonapHuro-
norHgecxxx H 10 ocITaJIbMOnArHgecKHx.
IIpH 6OnbRHIIe HMeeTCH IIOJIHKJHHHKa, .aeTCKasi H xKeHHoro CKnepo3a COCyIIOB )KH3HeHHO Ba)KNbIX opraHOB B
CTaEIHH KOMneHcauHH;
B/ apTepHOCKnepo3aMH 6e3 pe3K0 BbIpa)xeHHOrO CKnepo-
3a M03rOBbIX, BeHegHbIX H noge4HbIX COCyIIOB B CTauHH KOM-
HeHcaH HH;
r/ rHHepTOHHI4eCKOH 6one3HbIO I H Il CTaziHH.
i3ce HOCTynalOLLIHe 60nbHbie npOXOUIIT HOJIHOe KJIHHH*ie-
CKoe ooCneuOBaHHe. CaHaTOpHli HMeeT M HOro`iHCneHHbie
3Ie4e6Ho-j:LHarHOCTHgeCKHe KabHHeTbI.
B ha0HHeTe Cb HKUHOHanbHOIi uHarHOCTHKH LIJHpOKO HpH-
McHcIlOTC51 3neKTpOKapEIriOrpacb14H, ocuxnnorpacDHA, Kanlin-
JlfipOCKOHIISI, CpyHKuHOHanbHble npo6br cepuexlHO-cocyllH-
CTOII CHCTeMbI, 6anmHCTOKapumorpacJaH.
PeHTreHOKa6HHeT XopOLUO oCHaLueH- HMeioiua icq allHa-
paTypa J aeT B03MOxiHOCTb BceCTOpOHHe O6CneZIOBaTb
6onbHoro. KpoMe 06bI4HbIX McTOIIOB peHTreaonorH*iecxor0
IiccneaoBaHHH, B caHaTOpHH wlfpOKO flpHMexcIIOTCSI peHT-
reHOKHMorpai: )HSI H peHTreHOCpOHOrpacPlftieCKHe o6CneuOBa-
HHH cepufia. Xopouio oCHaLueHHbie Knl{HINecKHe H 61ioXH-
MH4eCKHe na6opaT0p1I4 Ho3BOJIgIOT HpOBOLIHTb Bce Heo6-
xOLLllMble Hccne UOBaHH51.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
IIpH c4H3HOTepaueBTHTiecxoM oTZleneHHH o6opyuoaai
HHrancTOpHll. B npaKTHKe CaHaTOpHSI LuipoKO HCHOnb3yeT-,
CA McTOZI HHTpaHa3anbHOrO HOBOxaHHOBOrO 3i[eKTpOCkOpe3a
IIpH 6pOHXHanmHOI aCTMe. B HHran2TOpHH MHpOKO upHMe-
HAiOTCA aapo30nn aHTH6HOTHKOBS HHranguHH: Lueno'IHble,
3BKanHIITOBble,MacnHHbie, MOpCKO$ BOZIOA H Lip. BOnbHbIM C
Ba30MOT0pHbIMH pHHHTBMH npOBOZIHTCA HHraJIAtuHH zIHMeZI-
pona, aTponHHa, HOBOKBHHa x Z[pyrax Mea[HKaMeHTOB.
LLIHpoxo npRMeHAeTCH Tepanas anelTpodHOM y 6onbabix
HeapacTeHHei3, c pacCTpOACTBOM cHa H IIpH rHHepTOHHLle-
CKO1 6one3HH I H II CTa.uHA.
IIpH caxaTOpHH HMeeTCA BoL one4e6HHua, rue 6onbHbie
npHHHMaIOT MOpcxxe, xBO iHO-MOpcKHe, ?KeM1y)KHble, KHC-
nopo LLHbie, yrneKHcnbie H pa aOHoB ie BaHHbI. K poMe Toro,
HMeIOTCH BCe BH,Libi .utymei, BaHHbi no I'ayC)e, IIpOBOZIAT-
cA Bna?KHble yKyTbIBaHHH, a TaK>Ke KHLUegWbie npOMbIBa-
14CnOnb3OBaHHe KJIHMBTH'IecKHX H UpHpOZIHbIX C~aKTOpOB
Ha KypOpTe HBnAeTCA OCHOBHbIM McTOZIOM neHeHHA B Teeje-
HHe Bcero roz a.
'B TennblH nepnori roLra KJIHMBTOneT-IeHHe IIpOBO.LIHTCm
Ha ne*3e6HOM nnA}Ke. IInnSC;OCHawweH McTeonyHKTOM r ii
onpeZleneHHA McTeoponorHLlecKHx ZIBHHbIx ' H HH'1'eHCHBHO-
CTH COnHeYHOI3 paELHBUHH, TITO Heo6xonHMO ZinAi ZI03HpO-
BaHHH COJIHeTIHbIX BBHH B KanopHAX. CBeTO-BO3,LiyLLIHble
BBHHbI ZI03HpyIOTCA no BpeMeHH. IIJIA3K pa36HT HO 3OH8M,
qTO 3HagHTenbHo o6ner'uaeT npoueCC Ha6nuo1IeHHA 3a 60nb-
HbIMH.
J1egeHHe a 3aX8nHBBHHe MOpCKHM BO3zjyxoM ox&aTbI-
BaeT 6onbulo i Kpyr npouellyp, K KOTOpMM OTHOCHTCA, KpO-
Me CBOTO-BO3ZIyLLIHbIX H COJIHe';HbIX BBHH, O6THpaHHA MOp-
CKOl I-W ZLOI3, KynaHHe B Mope, HO-IHOH COH Ha 6epery MO-
pH', HBnHIOLUHIiCH HpeKpaCHbIM cpe,LICTBOM HOpManH3auMH
C!H3HOJIor}TIeCKOrO CH8"y ,6OnbHbIX, CTpaABIOFUHX 6e000H-
HHUeii, rxnepTOHH'IeCKOIi 6One3HblO, 6pOHXHanbHOH aCTMOI3
H HeKOTOpbIMH ELpy_rHMH 3a6oneBaHHAMLI-opraHOB KpOBOO6-
paLUeHHA. ,[ER HO'IHOrO CH8 H8 6epery MopA oTBeZIeHO
150 xoeK.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
Jlege6Hoe AeHCTBHe Mopcxoro B03uyxa o6ycnoBneHo not
BbILUeHHbIM coAep3KaHHeM B HeM 03OHa, npHMeceH coneH
MOpCKOH BOAbi / 6poMa, HOAa, XJOpHCTOrO HBTPHH, Kanac,
MarHHSI H Ap/ , qTO ycHnHBaeT OKHCJIHTenbHbie npouecc i B
opraHH3Me. KpoMe Toro, B03Ayx COAep}KHT CDHTOHUHABI,
HeCTOHKHe aHTH6HOTHKH H AP. 3 neKTpHgeCKOe COCTOSIHHe
MOpcKoro Bo3Ayxa xapaKTepH3yeTCH npeo6nauaHHeM a3po-
HHOB C OTpHUaTenbHbIM 3apsIAOM.
B XOJIOAHhIH nepHOA rOAa B caxaTOpHH npOBoLLSITCH 3a-
KanHBaIOLUHe npoueuypbi B nanaTKax H . Ha 6aJKOHax B BHIIe
o6THpaHHH MOpCKOH BO)JOH,. B03AYL1HbIX BaHH1 ynbTpaCMHO-
neTOBbIX o6ayneHHH H MBKCHManbHOr0 ape6bIBaHHH Ha cBe-
}KeM Bo3Ayxe.
Pe}KHM .UBHJKeHHSI HBnaeTCH COCTaBHOH gaCTbIO o 6weca-
HaTOPHOrO pe3KHMa, a 9neMeHTbI nege6HOH clH3KynbTypbI AO-
IOnHHIOT AetCTBHe KYPOPTHbIX C IaKTOPOB / KnHMHTHgeCKHX,
6anbHeo- H C3H314OTepaneBTHgeCKHX/ . J1e ie6HaSi C~H3KynbTypa
npHMeHSIeTCSI KaK 3neMeHT KOMUneKCHoro negeHHSI 6OnbHbIX,
BxniogaeT B ce6ci yTpeHHIOIO rHrHOHHgeCKyiO rHMHaCTHKy, ne
ge6Hyio rHMHaCTHKy, TeppeHKyp, nporynKH, nege(5HYIo rpe6nio,
CnopT, Hrpii, Macca?K H up. AnSI npoBe):xeHHx nege6HOL,j c )H3-
KynbTypbI HMeeTCSI CIIOPTHBHbIH 3an1 nnoLuarbio 150 M, o6o-
. pyAOBaHHbIH BCeM Heo6XOAHMbIM HHBeHTapeM.
IIeTOM LLIHPOKO HCHOnb3yeTCSI JIOAOHHaSI CTaHUHSI, Ha KO-
TOPOH HMeeTCH 50 noAOK, 20 6alAapoK H MopcKHe BenOCH-
neAbi.
Ha TeppHTOPHH caHaTOpHSI HMeeTCH TeppeHKyp no TpeM
MapLLlpyTaM: nepBblH, npOTSI}KeHHOCTbIO 1200 M B OAHOM Ha-
npaBneHHH, c yrnOM noa'eMa 1-30; BTOpOH - Ha 800 M B
OAHOM HanpaBneHHH, c yrnOM nor 'eMa H TpeTHA - Ha
1500 M B OAHOM HanpaBneHHH, c yriio noll'eMa 11-1'550.
B TegeHHe Bcero rona npOBOA$TCSI rpynnOBbie nOKa3a-
TenbHble nporynKH, neLllexoAHbie 3KCKypCHH no MapLLlpyTaM:
JIHBaA$SI - SIJITHHCKHH BOAOnazx IIHBaAHH - 'JIaCTOgKHHO
rae3AO'; JIHBaAHH - MHcxop; JIHBaAHH LIOMHK A.IZ.Llexosa.
Bce BI;iLueuepegxcneHHbie npoueAypbl Ha3HagaIOTCH 6onb-
HbLM AHcf4epeuuHpOBaHHO, c ygeTOM npeACTOHLUeH C4H3Hge-
cKoH Harpy3KH.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
B caiaTOpHH -HMeIOTCH Ka6HHeTbI:. 3y6o.BpazIe6Hbill / c 3y^
6onpOTe3HOII MacTepcxol3/ , OTonapHHronorH*IecKHIi, npoue-
aypHbl rHHexonorHHecKHIR, ICa6HHeT napackHHO- H O3OKepH-
TOneneHHSI.
KOHCynbTBTHBHBH HOMOLLIb OKa3bIBaeTCSI Ha McCTe Hac-
THiiHO BpagaMH caHaTOpHSl / rHHeKOJIOrH*iecKas H OTOnapHH-
roJIorHileCKacI/ , LiaCTH*1HO we Bpa*iaMH y3KHX cnenHanbHo-
CTeFI, npHrnBLLlaeMbIMH H3 KypOpTHO1i UOJ! KnHHHKH. npH
caHaTOPHH C03,L(aH KOHCynbTBTHBHbIF"1 COBeT LIRA KOHCynb-
TauH# 6onee TSI?Kenblx 6OnbHbIX TepaneBTHqecxor0 H HeB-
ponorHmecxoro npoccHna.
I1PH nOCTy[neHHH B CaHBTOpHR Bpa*3H 3HBKOMHT 60nb-
HbIX C neLIe6HbIMH ccaKTOPaMH FO>KHOro 6epera KpbIMB H
c8HaTOPHO-KypOpTHbIM pe>KHMOM. Bce 6onbHble [POXOLISIT
Bpage6HbII3 OCMOTP H KJIHHHlecKoe o6CneLIOBBHHe B nepBble
LIBB-TpH LIHSI. Roche nepxoLta 8LI8nT8LIHH Ha3Haga}OTCSI co-
OTBeTCTByioLLIee aeneHHe H pe>KHM.
B TeT3eHxe xypca ne4exxcI 6onbHble nepeBOAclTCH c pe-
>KxMa 6onee orpa}HileHHoro Ha pe>KHM McHee orpaHHileH-
HbIlt. PacriopSILIOK LIHH B c8HaTOpHH - o6LLIeKYPOpTHbIii LInH
Bcex caHBTOPHeB TepaneBTMgecxoro npOCDHnSI. Co6nloileHHe
caHBTOpHOrO pe>KHMa 60nbHbIMH SLB2 leTCH OLIHHM H3 B8>K-
HeI3LLIHX cPaKTOPOB KOMnneKCHOrO negeHHSz.
J1e4eHHe 60nbHbIX C pa3JH'gHbIMH nOPOKBMH cep,gxa npo-
BOLZHTCH KOMnneKCHO H CTpOrO HHLIHBHLIyanbH0, c ytieTOM
COCTOSIHHSI peaKTHBHOCTH 6onbHOrO H paHee npOBeAeHHbIX
nege6HbIX MepOnpHSITHFi. Penbec> McCTHOCTH CaHaTOPHSI
'J1HBaL[HBN o6cI3bIBaeT 6bITb 0006eHH0 OCTOpO>KHbIM npH
Bb16ope pe>ICHMa LUIS 6OnbHbIX C HeyCTOIigHBOIi KoMneHca-
LIHell. TBKHM 60nbHbIM Ha3Ha4aeTCSI LLIaLISILLIHA pe>KHM aBH-
>KeHHSI C nOCneLIYIOLLIHM TpeHHPYIOLLUHN pe>KHMOM. JIeieHxe
60nbHbIX 3TOH rpynnbl npOBOLIHTCSI, B OCHOBHOM, no McTO-
LLaM1 npe aJIO>KeHHbIM Hay*lHo-Hccne JLOBBTenbCKHM HHCTH-
TYTOM KnHMaToneiieHHSI H KJIHMBTOTepanHH HM. 'I4.M. Ce-
*ieHOBa.
J1eileHHe 6onbHbIX rHnepTOHHTiecK013 6one3HbIO HMeeT
LLBa nezle6HbIX KOMnneKCB H 3aBHCHT OT BpeMeHH roaa.
Roche LIBYX-Tpex LIHel aaarTaJHH 60nbHbIM o6bI*iHO Ha-
3H8YalOT nporynKH 110 MaPIUPYTBM X-0 I H 2, Macca>K Bo-
10
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
pOTHHKOBOA 3OHbI, 'nezle6Hyro c~113KynbTypyy napac4HH, con
y Mopsl m B x IHMaTOnaBHnboHe / B Tennbr) nepHOA rozia/ ,
MopcKHe, paztoHOBbze BaHHbI, npHeM CBeTO-BO3aywHbIX BaHH.
HeKOTOpbIM 60nbHbIM Ha3HaHaIoTCH -KynaHHA B Mope, ne-
Lre6HaA rpe6ns- B yTpeHHHe Ham BeqepHze liacbI / CTporo no
nOKa3aHHSIM/ , conHe'IHble BaHHbI B yTpeHHHe / c 7 uo 9/
H BegepHHe / c 17 zio 19/ gacbi. B oTztenbHblx cnyga2x
npHMeHSIIOTCH ranbBaHH3auHSI, 6poM, KOc~eHH no BepMenlo.
BOnbHbIM B 6onee TSI}KenOM COCTOAHHH Ha3HagaeTC9 OKCH-
reHOTepanHSr, HOBOKaBBOBble 6noKaLxbi, RHABKH H Heo6Xo-
LIHMaSI McLLHxaMeHT03HaSI TepanHA; B XOnOIIHbIA nepHozt
roan - TpeRHpyroLUHe H 3axanHBaioluHe npoueztypbi s co-
neTaHHH C 6anbHeoaormnecxHMH, C1H3HOTepaneBTHYeCKHMH
H McLIHKaMeHT03HbIMH cpeZICTBBMH.
BOnbHbIM Kap,aHOCKnepo3oM, KpOMe o6bI4HOrO na6opa-
TOPHOrO o6CneLLOBaHHR, nPOBOLLHTCSI HCcneaaoBaHHe KpOBH
Ha xoneCTepHH, caxap, OCTaTO*iHM a3OT. BOnbHbIM C n0-
POKaMH cepztua LLIHpOKO npOBOLIS1TCH CBHauMH nOJOCTH pTa
H 3eBa / rOCneLIHSISr-B BHZte ranbBBHOKayCTHKH MHHZIanHH/
B o6weM KOMnneKce negeHHSI 6onMlblx c cepztegHO-Co-
CyaIHCTbIMH 3a6oneBaHHSIMH 6onI3moe 3HaTieHHe npaaaeTCH
rHTBHHI0. B OCHOBy ne*ie6Horo nHTBHHSI UpHHHTa HOMeHKna-
Typa nege6HbIx zixeT, pa3pa60TaHHaHl KnHHHKO$ nene6Horo
1HTBHHA I-IHCTHTyTB UHTBHHA AKa,geMHH MezaHUHHCKHx HayK
CCCP. feue6Hoe nHTaHHe 6onbHbIx Kap,aaocxaepo30M co-
Ltep?KHT npOZIyKTbI c orpaHwieHReM KanOpH$HOCTH, xoneCTe-
pHHCOL ep?KaLUHX BQIUeCTB H XJIOpHCTOrO HaTpHf.
BpazIH caxaTOpHS1 'JIHBaz[HA', KpoMe nere6uoA .pa6OTbI,
3aHHMalOTCA HayTIHbIM o6o6LUeHHeM npHMeugeMbix B C8Ha-
TOpHH neLIe6Hbix MeponpHSTHA.
I-Ipozton?KHTenbliocTb aetleHHH B caHaTOpHH - 26 AHek.
B Teziexxe roaa B caxaTOpHH npoxou5IT neqeHHe 9970 6onb-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
CAHATOPI'II%I "YKPANIIA"
CaHaTOpHA "YxpaHHa" nocTpoeH B 1955 r., HMeeT 350
Koei x npe QHa3HageH Ann negeHHR 60nbHbIX C C4yHKUHO-
HanbHblMH 3a60neBanHRMH HepBHoA, cepne4HO-cocy1HCTOA
CHCTeM H nerKHx HeTy6epKyae3HOrO xapaKTepa.
OPPOMHb1A H BMeCTe C TeM a?KypHbIA ABOpeu caHaTOPHR
Aanexo BHAeH C MOpSI, HMeeT BenHgeCTBeHHbIA BHA H
CnpaBeJIJI o C4HTaeTCB OAHHM H3 KpacfBeALuax 3AaHHA B
KpbHMy.
BHyTpeHHRR OTAenKa ABopna LOJHOCTbIO COOTBeTCTByeT
HapyxcaoMy ero BHAy. KoMC4OpTa6enbHbie AByx-TpexMeCT-
Hble nanaTbl pacnonoxceHbl Ha Ior, o6CTaBneHbl KpacHBOA
Me6enblo, HMeIOT LLIHpOKHe BepaHAbl, oTKy))a oTKpblBaeT-
CR H3yMHTenbHbdd no KpacoTe BHA Ha Mope. 3Aecb npenv-
CMOTpeHO Bce Heo6xo uHMoe ARK CIIOKOAHOro OTAbIXa x
ne4enHR.
B OCHOBHOM Kopnyce CaHaTOpHR, pacc'HTaHHOM Ha
200 4enoBeK OTAbixaIOLLtHx, pa3MeLLieHbl: apHeMHaR caHa-
TOpHR, CTOIIOBan, BCe AHarHOCTH4ecxae H 60nbLLIHHCTBO ne-
4e6HbLx Ka6HHeTOB, a axe CnOpT3an, 6H6nHOTeKa H TeaTp
3a 350 4enoBeK, Kopnyc caa6xceH nHC4TaMH, HOTOpbIMH
IOnb3y lOTCR 6onbHbie npH noceLueHHH BOAOnege6HHUbI H
C4H3HOTepaneBTH4ecxoro Ka6HHeTa1 pacnonoxceHHoro B nO-
KOnbHOM 3Taxce 3AaHHR.
Ha TeppHTOpHH caxaTOpHR nocTpoex 2 Mopcxoi 6acceAH,
4aLua KOTOpOro HMeeT nnowaAb300 M, a rny'6HHa AO-
CTHraeT HOITH 3 M.
BacceAH 3auOAHReTCR MOPCK09 BOAOA H pa60TaeT Kpyr-
nblA roA, AaBan BO3MO?KHOCTb BO BCRKyJO nOrOLy H B
nlo6oe BpeMR rona UOnb3OBaTbCR MOPCKH44H KynaHHRMH.
BacCeAH HCIIOnb3yeTCH TaK>Ke nnS IIOnrOTOBKH OTAbIxaio-
LUHX K KynaHHRM B Mope.
B HH)KHeM 9Taxce, noA 4awe! 6acceAna, pacnonoxce~-
Ha rpslaenege6HHua, pa60Taiowas Ha UPHB03HbIX CaKCKHX
rpR3Rx.
Bce 6onbHble, nOCTynaioiuxe B canaTOpHH, nonaepr'a-
IOTCR AeTanbHoMy o6cneAOBaHHIO. ;LIns AHarHOCTH4eCKHx
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
apoTe3HHSi MBCTepcxas.
nenefl B pacnopaxceHHS pp'age,A MMeIOTCH peHTreHOBCIH$
aa6HHeT, Knaaaxo-zlaaraocTNRecxaM H 6aoxHMagecxas na-
6opaTopHId, a TaK]Ke xa6HaeT -'C pyHKixKoHanbHol kllaarHOCTH-
KH. B caHaropuH pa6oTaeT 3y6oBpage6HblA aa6HHeT H 3y6o-
Ma, MOpCKHMH, pa,goHoBbIMH, KHCJIOpOZI?ib!MM, )KeMiIy)KBbI-
MH H _ cy68KBanbHPMH' BaHHaMH. KpoMe BO,IZOnege6Hauba, B
canaTOp~H CIYHXLIHOHapyeT raLpouaTHgecKHA 3an c Ha6opoM
BceBo3MoxcHblx zlyweL
CPa3HOTepatleBTHgecxa1 aa6HHeT caaaTOpag 6oraTO ocaa-
Bouonege6uHaa canaTOpaa pacnonaraeT xaoRHO-MOpcxa-
jueH UJIHHHO-' a KOpOTKOBOJIHOBO 3neKTpoannapaTypofl. Wa-
poKOe npHMexeaae B nege6HoA npaKTaKe caHaTOpaci nonygH-
aH aneKTpOCoH H OKCHreHOTepalH$.
KpoMe 6anbaeOCtK3HOTepaneBTHiiecKHx McTOIIOB, B KOM-
nneKce caxaTopHoro negeHHH aixpoxo npHMeHaeTCSI nege6-
H85i c~H8KynbTypq. San nene6HOg 4)H3KynbTypbl caHaTOpHSI
OCHaareH BCeM Heo6xoaaMbHM CIIOpTHBHbIM HHBeHTapeM H
npa6opaMa. B HeM pa60TaIOT onbITHble HHCTpyKTOpbI n0 ne-
ee6Ho1 cDH3KynbType, KOTOpble npOBOA!T HH,ZMBHnyanbHble
a rpynnoBble 38HSITHSI C 6OnbHbMMH 110 npHMepHbIM KOMnneK-
caM, pa3pa60TaHHbIM B CaHBTOpHH. LLIHpOKO npOB0LIHTCSI B
caHBTOpaH TaKxce yTpeaaa raraeaagecaas rHMHBCTHKa AJiSI
BCex rpynn 60nbHbIX.
OZIHHM H3 Bei yLLxHx CpaKTOpOB negeHHa B CBSaTOpHH SIB-
nSieTca KJIHMBTOTepanas, KOTOpaa IIpOBOZIHTCH B LByx a3po-
coiiapHSix. C caMOrO Hagana Tenioro ce30Ha H Ao ray60KOA
oceHH B aapocongpasix npatea$ioTCSI BO31LyIlIHble a COJIHeg-
Hble BaHHbl, 3 aecb }Ke KpyrnbiA rozl CIISIT Ha 803.gyxe
50-60 genoBeK.
Ha nmsI?Ke caHaTOpHSI pa60TaIOT raLipoHOHH3aTOpbl MOp-
CKo1 H npeCHOA BOAbI, CO3,oa10LLjHe 3OHy KOMC IOpTa H o60-
raLLlaioLLiae B03.LIyX OTpH1laTenbHbIMH $OHBMH, 6 naronpHSIT-
HO 1IeI"1CTByIOIIIHMH npH MHorax 3a6oneBaHHSLx nerKHx a
cepziina, a ace npH ranepTOHHgecxoi 6o1ie3nH.
CaaaTO.pHf pacnonaraeT no,aotu OI cTaHliaeli, rzie OTZibI-
nege6HoA rpe6neg Ha 6aluapKax, a TaK}Ke e3zlo# Ha Mop-
cxax Benocanezlax.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
npH CaxaTOpHH IIMeIOTCSI: yronox pb16onOBa, CI:aw4KaHH11 (4Topa
B BO3AYXe npOH3BOAHTCH no onpeaeJIeHHOi-i q)opMyJIe. ECJIH BO BpeMH
OT6opa npo6 3aMep B03AyXa npOH3BOAHTCH peo eTpaMH HJIH poTaMeTpa-
MH, KaJIH6pOBaHHbIMH B03AYXOM nPH TeMnepaType 20?C H AaBJIeHHeM
760 MM p. CT., TO npHBeAeHHe B03AyXa K HOpMaJIbHbIM yCJIOBH$1M npOH3-
BOAHTC51 no 6o.iee TOIIHOH (popMyJle: Uo=U. 0,657 B - P_
(t+273)
JJJIH o6JIerqeHHM BbItIHCJIHTeJIbxbIX onepauHI3 corJiacxo 3TO1f tOp-
MyjIe BnepBble COCTaBJIexa cneuHaJIbxa}l MOHorpaMMa.
MaxpomeTOA onpeaeneHHA c TOpa c npHMeHeHHeM
THTaHXpoMOTpOnOBOTO peaKTHBa
MaKpoMeTOA onpeAeJIeHHSI 4)TOpa c npHMeHeHHCM THTaHXpOMOTpO-
nOBOro peaKTHBa 6bIJI npHMeHeH B npaKTHKe HCCJIeAOBaHHR aTMoc(pep-
Horo B03AyXa B OKpy)KeHHH MOCKOBCKOTO 3aBOAa BTOpHqHOro aJIK)MHHHII
H Aim aHaJIH30B 1OrJIOTHTeJIbHbIX paCTBOPOB C ra30Ot1HCTHTeJIbHOI1 yCTa-
HOBKH Toro Ke 3aBoAa B nepnoA BpeMeHH 1955-1956 rr. OnpegeaeHHe
(iTOpa npOH3BO)IHJIOCb B CMbIBaX C JIIICTbeB. C ueJibio YCTpaHeHHS1 OKpa-
CKH H MYTH B paCTBOpax, nepeA oripeAeaiennem '(4TOpa B HcCJIeAyemblx
CMbIBaX C JIHCTbeB npOH3BOAHJIHCb oTrOHKa ero.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
Onpe,aenteHHe (4Topa IIPOH3BOAHJIOCb no cJIeAyIow,eMy McTOAy.
HpHTOTOBJISHOT CTaHAaPTHYIO IHKaJIy, KaK yKa3aHO B Ta6JIHue:
KOAH9eCTBO CTaH,I(apTHoro paCT-
Bopa B MA . . . . . . . . . .
KoHI eHTpanHH 4TOpa B 7 . .
KOAHVeCTBo 6H,l(HCTHJIJI. BOAbI B
MA
KOJHeeCTBO COCTaBHOI'O peaKTH-
Ba B MJI
0,05
0,5
0,10
1,0
0,15
1,5
0,20
2,0
0,25
2,5
OAHOBpeMeHHO C npHFOTOBJIeHH M CTaH.IlapTHOFI IUKaJIb1 Hcc.leAyeMble
paCTBOpbI no 5 MJI BHOC$IT B KOJIOpHMeTpH'qeCKHe npO6HpKH H B HHX %e
BHOCHT no 2,5 MA COCTaBHOFO peaKTHBa. Ho HCTeqeHHH 5-TH MHHYT cpaB-
HHBaIOT OKpacKy HccJleAyeMbNX paCTBOPOB C OKpaCKOI3 paCTBOPOB B CTaH-
AaPTHOIi IIIKauie Ha 6eJIoM (4OHe. Co.gep}KaHHe 4)Topa OnpeAeJJRIOT Ha
M2 HOBepXHOCTH JIHCTbeB. `
Pe3y.RbTaTbl aHaJIH3OB no aaHHOMY McTOAy npegBaplITeJIbHO 6bIJIH
CpaBHeHbl c pe3yJlbTaTaMH aHaJIH30B no paHee rIPHMCHHe.MOMy aJIH3a-
PHHIIHPKOHHeBOMy McTOAy. AHa.IH3bi onpe,, eJIeHHIi (pTOpa no MI'TOAy c
npHMeHeHHeM aJiH3apHHIXHPKOHHeBOI'0 JIaKa IIpOH3BOAHJIa P. A. repaca-
MOBHTI.
CpaBHeHHe nOKa3aJIo, WO pe3YJlbTaTbl onpeAeJleHHi (4TOpa noc.ne
OTPOHa ero no HOBOMy M,eTOAy MaJIO OTJIHLIaJIHCb OT pe3yJlbTaTOB onpeAe-
HHH no McTOAy c npHMeHeHHeM aJIH3apHHIIHPKOHHeBOFO JIaKa.
MaKpoMeTOA onpeAeuieHHA 4)Topa c npHMeHeHHeM TnTaHXpOMOTpO-
nOBOI'O peaKTHBa 6e3 OTFOHKH gbTOpa 6bWi npHMeHeH K. H. rIaHHHbIM
npH HCCJIeAOBaHHH Bo3AyXa, OTxoARuero OT BJ1eKTPOJIH3HbIX BaHH aJU0MH-
HHeBOTO npOH3OBACTBa B r. 3anopON(be B 1953 T. BO BpeM$I CpaBHHTeJIb-
HbIX HCnbITaHHI3 HeCKOJIbKHX OnbITHbiX ra300qHCTHTeJIbHbIX yCTaHOBOIC.
Pe3yJIbTaTbi onpeAeJIeHHFi ()TOpa no AaHHOMy McTOAy 6bIJIH CpaBHeHbI C
pe3yJlbTaTaMH onpeAe.IeHHI3 (4TOpa no }KeJle3opOAaHHAHOMy McTOAy.
CpaBHeHHe nOKa3aJIo, LITO pe3yJlbTaTbl onpeAeuieHHi3 (jTOpa no AByM
MBKpOMeTOAaM npH COAep)CaHHH (yTOpa OT 0,001 Ao 0,020 MT B 3-x Mu.
HCcJIeAyeMoro paCTBOpa AaJIH yAOBJ1eTBOpHTeJlbHyIO CXOAHMOCTb.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
CAHHTAPHO-BAKTEPNOJIOrugECKASI XAPAKTEPHCTHKA
ATMOC4 EPHOfo B03AYXA
(no AaHHbWM Ha6JILOAeHHH Ha CTaHUHOHaPHb1X TOgKax
r. MOCKBbI B 1956 r)
KaKO. Mea. nayrc B. H. BYrPOBA, T. M. 4E) OPOBA
(CaxsnHAc'raxuxa r. MocKaII)
CHCTeMaTHIIeCKoe HCCJIeJLOBaHHe aTMOCq)epxorO Bo3Ayxa Ha 6aKTe-
pHaJIbHYIO 3arp5I3HeHHOCTb npOBOAHJIOCb CaHHTapHO-6aKTepHOJIOrHT4e-
CK14M OTAeJIeHHeM CaH3rHACTaHUHH r. MOCKBbI COBMeCTHO C JIa6OpaTO-
PH51MH pafOHHbIX caH3nHACTaHUH13 C KOHua 1954 r.
IIpH npOBeAeHHH HcciieAOBaHHH HMeJIOCb B SHAY o6ecneTieHHe no-
CTOSIHHOTO AHHaMHgeCKorO KOHTPOJI5I 3a COCTOSIHHeM 6aKTepHaJIbHOH 3a-
rp5i3HeHHOCTH aTMoc(epaoro Bo3Ayxa r. MoCKBbI, a TaK}Ke noJlytleHHe
cpaBHHTeJIbHOH xapaKTepHCTHKH TpeX peKOMeHAOBaHHbIX McTOAOB (Me-
TOA oceAaHHi, Me6paHHbIX (1HJIbTPOB H KpOTOBa).
B COOTBeTCTBHH C BpeMeHHbIMH McTOAHtIeCKHMH yKa3aHHSIMH MHHH-
CTepCTBa 3ApaBooxpaHeHHH CCCP 6bu.i opraHH30BaH peryJI5IPHbII3 OT6Op
npo6 B03AyXa Ha CTauHOHapHblx nyHKTaX, pacfoJIO]KeHHbIX B }KHJIbIX,
npoMbumJIeHHuX H npHBOK3aJIbHbIX paHOHax, a TSK}Ke Ha MarHCTpaJISIX Ii
B 3eJIeHO1I 3OHe. UcCJIeAOBaHHH npOBOAHJIHCb BO BCe BpeMeHa roAa, OA-
HOBpeMeHHO C 6aKTepHOJIOrHtieCKHMH BCCJIeAOBaHHSiMH BO3AYXa ocy-
LueCTBJiSIJICH OT6op npo6 AJIH onpeAeJIeHHSI 3anbWIeHHOCTH H 3ara3OBaH-
HOCTH, a TaK we OnpeueJI51JIHCb McTeopoJIOTHtIeCKHe 4 aKTOpbI: TeMnepa-
Typa, BJta)KHOCTb, HanpaBJleHHe H CKOpOCTb BeTpa.
B Halla.Ie pa60Tbi Jla6opaTOpHH CaH3nHACTaHUHf paIIOHOB HCHOJIb-
30BaJIH AJISI oT6opa npo6 Bo3Ayxa ABa McTOAa - McTOA oceAaHHSI H
acnnpa11HOHHbII%1 McTOA (Mei6paHubix (HJIbTpoB) .
rlocJie nposeAeHHH Jla6opaTOpHeI3 CaH9nHAcTaHJHH ropoAa cpasHa-
TeJIbHOcI OLueHKH TpeX MCTOAOB BbIHCHHJIOCb, tiTO npH6op KpOTOBa SIB-
JISIeTCSI HaH60Jiee npHrOAHbIM AJISI HCHOJIb3oBaHH i Ha cTaIkHOHapHbjX
nyHKTaX, a noJlytlaeMbie pe3yJlbTaTbl 6aKTepHOJIOrHTieCKOrO aHaJIH3a
SIBJISIIOTCSI HaH6o.nee AOCTOBepHbiMH.
C 1956 r. Bce Jna6opaTOpHH CaHI3nHACTaHIkHH paiOHOB CHa6)KeHbt
npH6opaMH KpOTOBa. YHH4 HKaI1HH McTOAa n03BOJIHJia IOJIytlHTb cpas-
HHMble pe3yJlbTaTbl 6aKTepHoJlorHtlecKox HccJleAosaHHH aTMOC4)epxoro
Bo3Ayxa.
IIpH H3ytICHHH 6aKTepHaJIbHOH 3arp5I3HeHHOCTH B03AYxa npOH3BO-
AHJICSI KageCTBeHHbII3 H KOJIHgeCTBeHHbIH ytleT MHKPO(3JIOpbI c nepectie-
TOM Ha 1 M3. rlpH KagecTBeHHOM aHaJIH3e onpeAeJIHJIHCb nHrMeHTOo6pa-
3yI0IuHe MHKpoopraHH3MbI, cnopoo6pa3yIOluxe nJIeceHH, cnopoo6pa-
3yIoLuHe, CTa(cHJIOKOKKH H CTpenTOKOKKH (3e.IeHeIouJHe H reMoJIHTH-
HecKHe).
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
Bcero 6bIJIO 3a 1956 r. npOH3BeAeHO 9950 6aKTepHo IorHUecxHX HC-
cJieuoBaHHfl aTMoc(pepxoro Bo3Ayxa.
Bce npHBeAeHHbie B pa6oTe gH(ppbl 6aKTepxaJIbHOFi o6ceMeHeHHOCTH
npeACTaBJISIIOT co6ofi AaHHbie e?KeAHeBHbIX Ha6JIIoAeHHfi o6pa60TaHHblX
McTOAOM BapHaiuHOHHOfi CTaTHCTHKH Aim noJlyLieHHH cpeAHHX nOKa3a-
TeJIeIi no Ce3OHaM HJIH 3a Ije.lbifl r0A?
BaKTepHaJlbHOe 3arpslsHeHHe aTMoc4 epHorO Bo3Ayxa, Bblpa?KeHHoe B
Cpe,I(HerOAOBbIx nOKa3aTeJISIX no OTAeJIbHbiX rpynnaM paflOHOB npej(CTaB-
JISIeTCSI B CJIeAyloIueM BH,ije: )KHJIble paloHbl C yJiHIjaMH H j[BOpaMH, no-
KpbITbIMH ac aJIbTOM HMeJIH 6aKTepHaJlbHyIO o6ceMeHeHHOCTb B03.l yXa
B 650 6aKTepHfi B 1 M3 - PH KCKHi paf1OH, ' 630- KHpoBCKHA
pafiOH, 550 - COKOJIbHHtieCKHH paHOH. B nyHKTaX OT6opa npo6 B03Ay-
xa B ?KHJIOM paflOHe, HO C 06Ha?KeHHbIM nOqBeHHbMM nOKpOBOM (KaJIH-
HHHCKHH pal%oH) 6aKTepHaJlbHasl o6cemeHeHHOCTb jjOCTHraJIa 1120 6aK-
TepHfi B Me. TO yKa3blBaeT Ha 3aBHCHMOCTb 6aKTepHaJIbHOft o6ceMeHeH-
HOCTH B03AYXa OT 6JlaroyCTpOIkCTBa yJIHa.
IIpH HaJIHTIHH 3e.IeHbIX Haca?KAeHHH, BOAOeMOB KOJIH'IeCTBO MHKpO-
60B B BO3AyXe CHH?KaeTCSI. TaK B paliOHe BCXB 6aKTepHaJlbHasl o6ce-
McHeHHOCTb cocTSBJISIJla 350 B 1M8, B THMHpH3eBCKOM pafloHe B6JIH3H
ckBepa - 325.
B npoMHuIJIeHHbIX paflOHax napaJlJIeJIH3Ma Me?KAY 3anbIJIeHHOCTbKr
B03AyXa H ero 6aKTepHaJibHOli 3arpsI3HeHHOCTWO He Ha6moAaJIocb. 3a
nbiJIeHHOCTb aTMoc4 epHoro B03Ayxa OT npoMbIIIIJIeHHwX Bbt6p000B 6blJla
B 33,7% npo6 Bbime npej[eJIbHO-AOnyCTHMOii KOHI.jeHTpaIuHH (npH 20,7 %
B ?KHJIbIX paflOHax), a 6aKTepxaJibxasi o6cemeHeHHOCTb Bblpa}KaJiacb B.
Tex we IuHq)pax, 1ITO H ?KHJIbIX patioxax - 630 6aKTepHI3 B 1 M3 - Bay-
M8HCKHfi palioH; 500 6aKTepHi B 1 M3, - a3ep?KHHCKHff paiiOH; 800
6aKTepHfi - fIepBOMaHiCKHfi paflOH. ,
npHBOK3aJIbHb1e paf1oHbl xapaKTePH30BaAHCb 6oJlee BbUCOKHMH no-
Ka3aTeJISIMH 6aKTepHaJIbHOfi o6ceMeHeHHOCTH: 970 6aKTepHH B 1 M3 -
)KeJIe3HOA0po?KHbIH paf1OH H 1500 - KHeBCKHfi patOH.
HaH60JIbIIIefi 6aKTepHaJIbHOH o6ceMeHeHHoCTbIO xapaKTepH30BaJI-
CSI B03AyX, npO6bl KOTOpOrO OT6HpaJIHCb Ha CTagHOHapHbIX nyHKTaX, pac-
noJIO?KeHHbIX Ha 6OJIbIIIHX MarHCTpaJISIX C nOCTOSIHHbIM ABH?KeHHeM ne-
IneXO,TjOB H aBTOTpaHCIIOpTa: 1060 6aKTepHfi B 1 M3 - (IpyH3eHCKHfi
patoH H 2250 - CBePAJ1OBCKHf1 paflOH.
r1OMHMO OAHOKpaTHOro oT6opa npo6 aTMoc(epHoro Bo3jjyXa (B yT-
peHHHe tlacbi OT 10 AO 11) npOBOAHJIHCb AHHaMHUeCKHe Ha6JIIOjjeHHSI B.
Te'IeHHe AHn c npOMe)KYTKaMH B ABa Baca Ha CTaUHOHaPHOM nyHKTe,
paC1IOJIO?KeHHOM B ?KHJIOM KBapTa.,ie - )3epHKHHCKHIi pafiOH. r1pH AHHa-
MHUeCKOM Ha6JIIO;ijeHHH 3a 6aKTepHaJIbHOIi 06ceMeHeHHOCTbIO B03jjyxa
Ha npOTH?KeHH13 AHx B JIeTHHfi nepHOjj MaKCHMaJIbHOe KOJIHHeCTBO 6aKTe-
pHi' B 1 M3 6bWIO OTMe'IeHO Me?Kjjy.13-17 gacaMH (1400-2100). YT-
pOM H K Beqepy KOJIHUeCTBO 6aKTepHfi yMeHbinaJloCb (yTpoM 550, BeUe-
poM 650 6aKTepHii B 1 M3).
1'13yUaAiOCb TaK?Ke noBblcoTaoe pacnpej(e.IeHHe MHKpo60B B aTMoc(4ep-
HOM B03j[yXe. rlpH napaJIJIeJIbHOM oT6ope npo6 B03.ZWXa Ha ypOBHe
1,5 M H 25 M 6bIJIO yCTaHOBJIeHO HeKOTOpOe yMeHbuleHHe cogep)KaHHSI
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
66aKTepHI3 B 1 M3 Ha BbICOTe 25 M, a HMeHHO Ha ypOBHe 1,5 M KoJIHTIeCT-
BO 6aKTepHH B; 1 M3 6bino 970, a Ha BbICOTe 25 M - 720.
Pe3AJJIbTaTbI 6aKTepHOJIOrHgeCKoro HccJIe.L oBaHHSI B03Ayxa B F. Mo-
CKBe nOKa3aJIH OTqeTJIHBYJO 3aBHCHMOCTb KOJIHqeCTBeHHOFO H KageCT-
BeHHOTO COCTaBa MHKpOC4JI0pbI OT Ce30HOB roaa H McTeopoJlorHTIeCKHX
CpaKTOpOB.
HaHMeHbUIa$I 6aKTepHaJlbHa5I 3arp5i3HeHHOCTb B03AyXa OTMeTaJiacb
.B 3HMHHII nepHOA, KorAa rIO14Ba Haxo,Z[HJIacb IIOA CHe}KHbIM nOKpOBOM
(I-IpH oT6ope npo6 npH6opoM KpoToBa - 240 6aKTepHH B 1 M3).
B Ce30HbI C 06Ha}KeHHbIM nOKpOBOM 6aKTepHaJlbHa5l3arp5I3HeHHOCTb
B03paCTaJia: BeCHOl3 590 6aKTepHH B 1 M3, JIeTOM 2200 H oceHbIO 1800
6aKTepHH B 1 M3.
YBeJiu eHHe 6aKTepHaJlbHOI1 06CeMeHeHHOCTH B03Ayxa OTMegajlocb
60JIb1Lie B McCTaX C HHTeHCHBHbIM ABH}KeHHeM JIIOAef H TpaHCHOpTa -
Ha aBTOMarHCTpaJI5IX, B HpHBOK3aJIbHbIX paHOHax - OT 1800 Ao 2500
B I M3.
KageCTBeHHbIl3 COCTaB B03AYIUHOri MHKpOC4Jlopbl xapaKTepH30BaJic3I
npeo6JiaAaHHeM nHrMeHTHbIX # PM MHKpo60B. YBe.IHgIeHHe LIHCJIa nHr-
McHTHbIX MHKpoopraHII3MOB Ha6JIIOAa.IOCb B COJIHCgHble AHH H OCO6eHHO
pe3Koe yBeJIHtieHHe OTMetIaJIOCb B OTHOIIIeHHH KOJIHiieCTBa H pa3HOXa-
paKTepHOCTH HX OKpaCKH B BeCeHHHi3 H JieTHHI3 nepHOA. KOJIOHHH nHr-
McHToo6pa3ylonlHX COCTaBJISiJIH Ao 70-80% OT o6Luero giiuia Bcex,
BbIpaCTaIOlgHX KOJIOHHl3 Ha TIaLHKe. Cnopoo6pa3ylowHe MHKpoopraHH3-
MbI BCTpegaJIHCb B OCHOBHOM npH BeTpeHHOH noroAe. C nOBbILueHHeM
BJla}KHOCTH B03AYxa yBeJIHqHBaJIOCb KOJZHqeCTBO nJleceHei1. AHa3po6bI
o6Hapy)KHBaJIHCb OYeHb peaKo, npeHMyu.LeCTBeHHO B TenJIOe m cyxoe
BpeMSI roAa. CpaBHHTeJIbHO LIacTO o6Hapy}KIIBaJIHCb CfOpOBble anaBpo-
6bI B BO3AyXe Ha CTaUHOHapHOM nyHKTe, padnoJlo}KeHHOM B McCTe C He-
3aaCCpaJIbTHpoBaHHOA nOgB01%I (CKBep B KaJIHHHHCKOM paiOHe).
CTa44HJIOKOKKH H 3eJI2HelOIUHe CTpenTOKOKKH o6Hapy}KHBaJIHCb B He-
3HaLIHTeJlbHOM KOJIHileCTBe. npo6 (3,7 %) H npeHMymeCTBeHHO B BO3AyXe
B6JIH3H 60Jlb1Hero CKOnJIeHHSI .nloAei3 (MarHCTpaJlbHble H npHBOK3aJIbHble
CTaAHOHapHbTe nyHKTbl). OAHaKO, KaK HOKa3aJIH pe3yJlbTaTbl HCCJIeAO-
BaHH5I, KaqeCTBeHHbII1 COCTaB B03AYHIHOI3 MHKpOCpJIOpbI He AaeT AOHOJIHH-
TeJIbHbIX yTOqHSIK)LLjHX MaTepHaJIOB AJISI CaHHTapHOl3 oueHKH aTMocCpep-
HOrO B03Ayxa.
rlpH oueHKe 6aKTepHaJIbHOII 3arp53HeHHOCTH aTMOCCpepHOro B03AYXa
r. MOCKBbi npeACTaBJIHeT HHTepec CpaBHeHHe cpeAHerOAOBbIX nOKa3aTe-
JIeH o61ueft 6aKTepHaJIbHOl3 o6ceMeHeHHOCTH no Ka}KAol3 rpynne pal30HOB.
C AaHHbIMH no 3aHbIJIeHHOCTH B TeX Ke paI3oHaX, BbIpa}KeHHbIMH B KOJIH-
1IeCTBe npo6 npeBblmaJo uHX npeAeJIbHO AOHYCTHMble KOHueHTpaUHH
nbIJIH, KaK 3T0 6bIJiO CAeJIaHO BbILHe AJIH }KHJIbIX H npOMbILLIJIeHHUX paI3o-
HOB, CpaBHHTeJlbHble MaTepHaJi i npeACTaBJIeHbI B HH}Kec.neAy o ueH
Ta6JIHue.
KaK BHAHO H3 Ta6JIHubI, HapiAy C BbIBOAOM 0 TOM, LITO 6aKTepHaJIb-
HaH 3arp5I3HeHHOCTb B03Ayxa B npOMbIIHJIeHHbIX paHOHaX He CTOHT B
np$IMOI3 CBSI3H C 3anbIIJIeHHOCTbIO B03AyXa, MO}KHO OTMeTHTb, tITO B npH-
BOK3aJlbHbIX paI3oHaX, rAe HMeeTCSI HaH60JIbmee CKOHJIeHHe JHOAei 6aKTe-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
KOAH4eCTBO 6aKTepH9l I Ky6. M. I
BO3Ay%fl
0/00/0 npo6, npeBMW IOIIHX
npeAeAbHO-AOnyCTHMb[e KOH-
4eHTpaUHH nbIAN
)KHnbie
680
20,7
npoMbuTiAeHHbie
684
33,7
npHBOK3aJ[bHble
1070
26
MarHcTpaabHble
1180
44,3
3eneHas 30Ha
350
4,5
pHaJIbHasI 06CeMeHeHHOCTb 3Ha'IHTeJIbHO B03pacTaeT no CpaBHeHHIO C
6aKTepHaJ1bHOii 06CeMeHeHHOCTbIO B03,i[yXa )KHJIbIX H npOMbIHIJIeHHbIX
paI30HOB. IIPH 3TOM 3 IIbIJieHHOCTb B03AyXa He upeBbiIlraeT ypOBeHb )KH-
JIbiX paI3OHOB, HTO rIO HAHMOMy CB93aHO C nepeXoAOM napOB03HOI3 THTH
Ha 3JIeKTpHTiecKyIo..MarncTpaJIbHbie pai3OHbI C 60JIbIHHM gBH}KeHHeM JIK)-
Aeli H TpaHCIIOpTa AaioT BbICOKHe IIOKa3aTeJIH 6aKTepHaJIbHOf o6ceMeHeH-
HOCTH. B03AYX 3eJIeHOIi.8OHbi XapaKTepH3yeTCSI KaK OTHOCHTeJIbHO HeBbi-
COKHM COAep)KaHHeM 6aKTepHFi B TelieHHH BCeX Ce30HOB roAa, TaK H
MaJIbIM COJ.(ep}KaHHeM nbIJIH B B03AyXe.
npOBOAHMaHI B TeqeHHe ABYX JIeT pa60Ta n0 H3ygeHHIO 6aKTepHaJlb-
HOOi 3arpSI3HeHHOCTH aTMoc4!epHoro Bo3AyXa r103BOJIHJIa pa3peurnTb PS1A
McTOAHgeCKHX BOnPOCOB, a TflK)Ke r1pOH3BeCTH 06'beKTHBHyIO oueHKy
6aKTepHaJIbHOfi 3arp$I3HeHHOCTH aTM000pepHoro B03AyXa r. MOCKBbI.
B HacTosngee BpeM51 HCCJIeAOBaHHSI aTMOC(f lepHOrO B03AYXa BOIHJIH
B riJIaHbI pa6OT caH3nHACTaHIIHIi, KaK TeKyigue aHa.IH3bI BHemHeli cpeAbi.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
CPABHHTEJIbHAA OII,EHKA METO6aOB
6AKTEPHOJI0rHgECKOrO HCCJIE,1JOBAHH51
ATMOC4EPH0r0 B03,ILYXA
Kama. MeO. mayic B. H. BYrPOaA
(CaH9nHAcraHUHa r. MocKHi)
Maccosoe 6aKTepHoJIorHqecxoe accjieAOBaHHe aTMocq)epxoro B03.gy-
xa 6oJIbmmoro ropoAa CHCTeMaTHIIeCKH npOH3BOjIn.nOCb C KOHua 1954 roAa
na6opaTOPHeIi FOpOACKOYi CaH3nHACTaHuHH COBMeCTHO c. 25-io na-
6opaTOpHSIMH paIIOHHbIX caHHTapHO-3nHAeMHOJIorHqeCKHX CTaHuHI3.
BpeMeHHbie McTOAHqeCKHe yKa3aHHH I1peAyCMaTPHBaIOT BO3MO}KHOCTb
HCHOnb3OBaHHH 5-6 McTOAOB. OTCyTCTBHe CTHHAapTHOrO McTOAa npa
6aKTepHOJIorHqeCKOM HCCJIe1OBaHHH aTMoc(pepaorO B03AyXa He n03B0-
nHeT npOH3BeCTH CpaBHHTeJIbHYIO ogeHKy IIOJIytIeHHbIX B pa3nHUHoe Bpe-
MH pe3ynbTaTOB H JIHHIaeT B03MO}KHOCTH BbIpa6OTaTb 061uenPH3HaHHble
HOPMaTHBbI 6aKTepHaJIbHOI3 3arp$I3HeHHOCTH Ana caHHTapHO-rHrHeHH-
4eCKOI3 oueHKH Bo3Ayxa.
C uenbi0 yHH4)HKauHH McTOAOB, ZPH npOBe.I eHHH pa60TbI no 6aKTe-
pHOnorH,IeCKOMy HCCne oBaHHIO aTMOCq)epHorO B03AYXa HCnbITbIBaJIOCb
3 McTOJ[a - OAHH McTOA ceAHMeHTauHOHHbIH (MeTOA ocegaHHH) H 2 ac-
nHpauHOHHbIX (MeTOA McM6paHHbIX 4)HnbTPOB H McTOA KPOTOBa).
Bcero npOH3BeAeHO 6onee 1500 allaJIH30B. B npouecce pa60TbI AaHa
CpaBHHTenbHaR OueHKa McTOAOB H nOnyYeH PRA Ha6J1IOAeHHIi McTOAH-
9eCKoro xapaKTepa, IdMeIOUIHX 3HaueHHe B npaKTHUIeCKOfI pa6oTe.
npOBeAeHHaH pa6OTa, nOKa3ana, 'ITO McTOA OceAaHHH He MO}KeT 6bITb
peKOMeHAOBaH Any HCCneAOBaHHR aTMOC(pepHOrO B03Ayxa, TaK KaK npH
ero npHMeHeHHH Henb3R yqecTb (paKTH'IeCKOe KOJIHTIeCTBO HccneAyeMoro
B03Ayxa, a KOJIH'eCTBO oceAaIoMHX MHKPo60B nOABep}KeHO 3Ha'IHTenb-
HUM KOJIe6aHHRM B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT psAa Cny'Iai3HbIX (paKTOB.
B pe3yJlbTaTe nepecqeTa cOAep}KaHHR MHKPo60B Ha 1 M3 B03AyXa no
(popMyne CMenHHCKorO B MOAH(MHKaUHH I4HCTHTYTa o6meH H KOMMy-
HaJIbHofI rHrHeHbi AMH CCCP nOny'Ia1OTCH 3aBbmeHHbie uH(3pbi, npH-
McPHO B 10 pa3 npeBbnIIaioig a AaHHble, fOny'eHHbie aCnHpaUHOHHbIM
McTOAOM.
McTOA McM6paHHbIX q)HJIbTPOB, RBnRK)IL HIICR CTaHAapTHBIM ;; iR 6aK-
TepHOJIorH'IeCKoro HCCneAOBaHHR BOAbI 6bIJI BnepBble HCIIOnb3OBaH B
1941 r. A. H. XoponIaHCKOII AJIR HCCJIeAOBaHHR aTMoc 4epHoro 1?o3Ayxa.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
ILIHpOKoe HCnOJIb3OBBHHe McToAa McM6paHHbIX (pHJIbTPOB B 1954-
1955 rr Jla6opaTOpHei rOpO,l;CKOA CaH9nHACTaHIjHH npH HccJIei[OBaHHH
aTMOC(pepHorO Bo3Ayxa AaJio BO3MOX(HOCTb ycTaHOBHTb pSIA ocO6eHHOC-
Tefi, KOTOpbie B OCHOBHOM o6yCJIaBJIHBaJIH OTPHIjaTeJlbHble CTOPOHbi AaH-
Horo McTOAa.
OCHOBHIM Heg0CTBTKOM McTOAa McM6paHHbIX (pHJIbTPOB HBJISIeTCSI
3aHH)KeHHe pe3yJlbTaTOB KOJIH'IecTBeHHoro coAep)KaHHB MHKpoopraHH3-
MOB B HCCJIeAyeMOM 067,eMe Bo3AyXa BCJIeACTBHe KOHCTpyKTHBHbIX OCO-
6eHHocTei npH6opa 3ei"iTIja, He yqTeHHNX npH HCnoJIb3OBaHHH' ero Aim
oT6opa npo6 Bo3Ayxa.
Ha OCHOBaHHH noJlygeHHbix pe3yJlbTaTOB H TeXHHqeCKHX pacgeTOB
HH)KeHepa ropJla6opaTOpHH. K. fl. flaHaHa c.neAyeT npHATH K BbIBOAy,
TO BTOT McTOA npH CyIIjeCTByIOIIje$ KOHCTpyKUHH npH6opa AJIH HCCJIeAO-
BaHHSI Bo3AyXa He MO}KeT 6bITb HCIIOAb30BaH.
McTOA HCCJIeAOBaHHq aTMOC(pepHoro Bo3AyXa npH nOMOILWH npH6opa
KpOTOBa HMeeT cJieAyioujne npeHMyuJeCTBa:
BaKTepHOJIorH4eCKOMy HccJIeAOBaHHIO MOryT nOABepraTbc$1 6oJIbIIIIIe
o6,beMbl Bo3Ayxa; CKOpOCTb npOCaCbIBaHHS1 MOH(eT 6bITb OTperyJIHpOBaHa
$ npeAe.nax 20-50 JIHTpOB B MHHyTy; HOCeBNI B03AyXa npOH3BOAHTC51
HenocpeACTBeHHO Ha TBepAble 3JIeKTHBHbie cpeAbI. BbipaCTalOII[He H30JIH-
POBBHHble KOJIOHHH JierKO noABepraIOTCSI no.l c eTy H H3y'IeHHEO.
CpaBHH're.lmHaH oljeHKa 3-x McTOAOB no AaHHbIM o6iuefi o6ceMeHHO-
CTH- npOBOAHJIaCb Ha OCHOBaHHH COrIOCTaBJIeHHSI CpeAHHX KOJIHqeCTB
MHKp060B B OAHOM Ky6HqeCKOM McTpe B03Ayxa. RaHHbie e?KeAHeBHblX
Ha6JIIOAeHHA o6pa6aTbzBaJIH McTOAaMH BapHaIIHOHHOl"3 CTaTHCTHKH JIB
noJlyteHHSI. cpeAHHx ijH(pp no ce30Hy.
flpH HCIIOJlb3oBaHHH ceAHMeHTaljHOHHoro McTOAa nOJIyLIaJIHCb KaK
YKa3bIBaJIOCb 3aBbIIIleHHbie AaHHble. 3HMO*I KOJIHTIeCTBO MHKpoopraHH3-
MOB cocTaBJInJio 800 B 1 M3, 'BeCHOH - 1600; JIeTOM o6ceMeHeHHOCTb
AOCTHraJIa 10 000.
BOJlee npaBHJlbHble pe3yJlbTaTbi nOJIyuaJIHCb npH HCIIOJIb3OBaHHH
aCnHpaunonnbIX McToAoB, OAHaKO, KaK yKa3blBaJlOCb BbIIIIe, Ha pe3yJlb-
TaTaX HCCJIeAOBaHHSI Bo3AyXa McTOAOM McM6paHHbIX 4 HJIbTpOB CKa3bIBa-
JIHCb KOHCTpyxTHBHble HeAOCTaTKH npH6opa 3eI?ITua. flpH HCnOJlb3oBaHHH
BTOT0 McTOAa nOJIy'laJIHCb B eAHHHIle o6'beMa (1 Ky6 M Bo3AyXa) cJIeAyio-
IljHe pe3yAbTaTbi: 3HMOAi B 1 K6M 190 MHKpoopraHH3MOB, BeCHOfI npH nOA-
CbZXaHHH nOqBbi - 580, JIeTOM B cyxoe - H(apKoe H BeTpeHHOe BpeMSI -
1500 H oceHbIO - 750.
flpH npHMexeHHH McTOAa KpOTOBa noJIyTiaJIHCb B 1 K6M cJleAylolg}Ie
AaHHble: 3HMOfi - 240 MHKp060B, BeCHOii - 590, JIeTOM - 2200 H
oceHbio - 1800. 9TH AaHHbie C Hanle 3 TO'IKH 3peHHSI B 6oJIbmefi CTeneHH
OTBe'IaIOT HCTHHHOf 6aKTepHaJIbHOR 3arpH3HeHHOCTH Bo3AyXa, B CHJIy
KOHCTpyKTHBHbIX OCO6eHHOCTeti npH6opa, 0 KOTOpbIX CKa3aHO BbIIIIe, a
Tal)Ke Ha OCHOBaHHH CpaBHeHHH AaHHbIX o6IIjei o6ceMeHeHHOCTH npH
ea(eAHeBHbMX oT6opax napaJIJleJibHbix npo6 Bo3Ayxa.
TaKHM O6pa3OM Ha OCHOBaHHH oljeHKH KOJIHgeCTBeHHbix pe3yJlb7'aTOB
6aKTepHaJlbHOA 3arpg3HeHHOCTH Bo3AyXa H Ha OCHOBaHHH Bbi$IBJIeHHSI no-
JIO)KHTeJlbHbIX H OTpHIjaTeJlbHbIX CTOpOH B39ITBIX AJISI cpaBHeHHSI McTOAOB
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
Hy3KHO C9HTaTb HaH6oJiee npHrOAHbIM AJI$I IfHPOKOro HCHOJIb3OBaHHSF
npH HCCJIeAOBaHHH aTMOC4 epHOFO B03AyXa aCnHpaIZHOHHbIH McTOZ(
KpoToBa.
Pe3y.IbTaTbl pa60Tbi n03BOJISIIOT CHHTaTb IjeJIecoo6pa3HbIM COKpallle-
HHe KOJIHqeCTBa McTOAOB peKOMeHAOBaHHbIX gJISi HCCJIegOBaHHSI aTMOC-
i lepHoro B03.zLyXa BpeMeHHbIMH McTO) HgeCKHMH yKa3aHHSIMH MHHHCTep-
CTBa 3ApaBooxpaHeHHSI CCCP OT 5 MapTa 1955 roAa C TeM, T TO6bi B
KaqecTBe CTaHUHOHapHOFO McTOAa 6biJi npeAJI0)KeH McTOA KpOTOBa.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
r rHFHEHHLECKAA 94 DEKTHBHOCTb KOHTPOJIA 3A
ILEHTPAJIH3OBAHHbIM BOAOCHAB)KEHHEM H
CAHHTAPHbIM COCTOAHHEM BOJLOEMOB B r. MOCKBE
(1955 r)
KaHO. Med. kayK H. H. TPAXTMAH, lcaxd. Med. xayic H. C. BHTHJIEB,
CakurapKaca epak P. H. CKHAAJIhCKAA
(CaH9nH,gcTaHuxa r. MOCKB&)
06ecnegenHe HacemleHHSi r. MOCKBbl 6e3ynpeqHofi nHTbeso% BOAOIi=
ocyuXecTBJIHeTCSI npH JOCTOHHHOM HaA3ope FOPOACKOFI CaH9nHACTaHILHH
3a BCeii CHCTeMOI3 BO,IjOCHa6)KeHnH BOAOHCTOgHHKaMH, nHTa1OLI HMH BOAO-
npOBOA, BOAOrIPOBOAHbIMH COOpy)KeHH5iMH H BOAOHPOBOAHOIi ceTbIO.
B OXPaHHbIX 30HaX BCTOYHHKOB BO,gOCHa6)KeHHA nPOBOAHTCM CTpO-
rHx HaA3Op 3a CO6mo eHHeM yCTaHOBJIeHHbIX CaHHTapHbiX npaBHJI.
CaHHTapHbIMH MepOnpHHTHHMH, KOTOpble npOBOASITCSI B HaCTOSIIILee
BPeMSI B oXpaHHOI'I 30He Py6JIeBCKoro BoAonpOBoAa ygaeTCSI CTa6HJIH3H-
poBaTb KaxIecTBO BOAbi peKH MOCKBbI, He JIonyCKaSI ero yxyijIneHHSI no
cpaBHeHHIO C TeM COCTOHHHeM, KOTOpOe 6bIJIO AOCTHrHyTO nocJle yCTa-
HOBJIeHHSI OrpaHHqHTeJIbHOro pe)(HMa B 1933 r. KOJIHgeCTBO KHInetIHbIX
naJiolIeK B I JIHTpe BOAbI MOCKBbi-peKH BbII1I Py6JieBCKOH BoAonpoBOA-
HOH CTaHILHH COCTaBJISIJIO OKOJIO 2000 (K. A. HHKHTeHKO, 1956 r.).
3HaqeHHe H 34(eKTHBHOCTb MeponpHHTHI3,-npOBOAHMbzX CaHHTapHbi-
MH OpraHaMH B OXpaHHbIX 3oHaX BOAOnpOBOAOB MO)KeT 6bITb nOKa3aHO-
Ha npiMepe 30Hb1 CeBepHOli BO.I(OnpOBOZLHOI3 CTaHIUHH, rAe noc ie ycTa-
HOBJIeHHH )lOnOJIHHTeJIbHbIX. caHHTapHbIX OrpaHH'IeHHfi 'lHC.IO KHnWe'iHbIR
naJioiieK B BOAe B JieTHee BpeMH He AaBaJio noAbeMa, KaK 3TO 6bIJIO AO
BBe,IeHHH B AefiCTBHe CaHHTiipHbIX npaBHJI (A. B. BOJIKOBa). Y'IHHCKoe
BOAOXpaHHJIHMe, nHTai6 ee CTaJIHHCKyIO BOAOnPOBOAHyIO CTaHIZHIO BbI-
nOJIHSieT POJIb OrpOMHOTO eCTeCTBeHHoro OTCTOIiHHKa, OKa3hhBaIou ero
6JIaronPHSiTHoe BJIHSIHHe Ha (4OPMHPOBaHHe KatieCTBa BOZLbI (CHH)KeHHe
IXBeTHOCTH, MYTHOCTH BOAbI H yMeHbineHHe 6aKTepHaJIbHOTO 3arpH3He-
HHSI).
B pe3yJlbTaTe 6OJIbIIIOIi H CHCTeMaTHqeCKOH pa60TbI no npeZ(ynpeAH-
TeJIbHOMy H CaHHTaPHOMY HaA30Py B OXpaHHbIX 30HaX, Bee MocKOBCKHe
BO.I(OnpOBOAHble CTaHiZHH 3a6HpaIOT BOAy H3 BOAOHCTOLIHHKOB, nOJIHOCT IO
yAOBJIeTBOPHIOMHX Tpe6OBaHH5HM roCT'a 2761 - 57 Ha Bb16Op HCTOLIHH-
KOB ILeHTPaJIH3OBaHHOrO XO35IIICTBeHHO-nHTaTeJIbHOrO BOAOCHa6)KeHH5I.
B.TaroAapr npHMeHeHHIO COBPeMeHHbIX McTOAOB OTiHCTKH H o6e33apa-
)KHBBHHH BOAbI Ha MOCKOBCKHX BOZIOnPOBOAHbIX CTaHILHSiX, BoAa noAaBa-
eMasi HaCeJIeHHIO, KaK npaBHJIO, OTBeqaeT Tpe60BaHHSIM ILeIiCTByIOLiUer&
rOCT'a 2874-54 Ha KaqeCTBO UHTbeBO i BOAbI, LITO noATBep)KAaeTCH
AaHHbIMH CHCTeMaTaqeCKoro caHHTapHO-Jla6opaTOpHoro KOBTpOJIH.
MOCKOBCKai CaHHTapHa$l OpraHH3BUHH o6ecnetlHBaeT perynxpnbIt
CaHHTapHbiri KOHTPOJIb KaTIeCTBa nHTbeBOii BOAbI, HenOCpeACTBCHHO n0-
cTynaionLeti nOTpe6HTeJHo, HMeSI B BH,ljy, 'ITO B03MO)KHbie Ae(4eKTbI Bee-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
TH MOryT 6bITb npHlqHHOH BTOpHtiHorO 3arp5I3HeHHSI BOAbl. I4CCJIeROBa-
HH51 BOAbi BbInoJIHSIK)Tcs 25 Jla6opaTOpH51MH paHOHHbIX caH9nHACTaHUHH.
KoJIHtIeCTBO oTO6paHHbIX npo6 BOAbI B03paCTaeT 'H3 rora B rOA (B
1952 r. - 4500, B 1954 r. - 9589).
AHaJIH3a AaHHbIX HCCJIeAOBaHHSI BOAbI nOKa3blBaeT, IITO H3 o61uero KO-
JIHgecTBa npo6 OKa3aJIHCb HeyAOBJIeTBOpHTeJ1bHbuMH no 6aKTepHoJlorH-
jieCKHM nOKa3aTeJIHM JIHInb 0,6%, a no opraHOJIenTHgeCKHM noKa3aTe-
.TLHM (uBeTHOCTb) - 6% npo6.
rOPO.ACKOH caHanHACTaHUHe1 ocyIUecTBJISIeTCR CHCTeMaTHgeCKoe H3y-
LIeHHe caHHTapHOTO pe}KHMa MOCKBbI-peKH. HapsiAy C Ha6JIlogeHHeM HaA
CaHHTapHbIM COCTO$IHHeM BOj1;0eMa, npOBOAHTCH BbISIBJIeHHe HCTOqHHKOB
3arpH3HeHH5I H cocTaBJISIeTCH HX caHHTapHaI XapaKTepMCTHKa nyTeM
o6cJIeAOBaHHB o6beKTOB H noc.nelIyloluero Jla6opaTOpxoro HccJIeAOBa-
HHH X035IHCTBeHHO-0bITOBbIX H npOH3BOACTBeHHbIX CTOTIHbIX BOA.
Pe3yJIbTaTbl HccJIeAOBaHHSI npo6 BOAbl exceMecxgHO oT6HpaeMblx B
IIHTH IOCTOHHHbIX TOqKaX no TetieHHIO peKH, CBHAeTeJIbCTByIOT 0 TOM,
WO no Mepe npOTeKaHHSI MOCKBbI-peKH no TeppHTOpHH ropo,i a, npoHc-
XOAHT yxyAU1eHHe ee caHHTapnoro COCTOSIHHH. Ha 3TO yKa3b1BaeT yBeJui-
'tieHHe BIIK5, CHH}KeHHe KOJIHgeCTBa paCTBopeHHOrO KHCJIOPOAa H Hapa-
CTaHHe 6aKTepHaJIbHoro 3arpsI3HeHH51 BOAbl. OAHOBpeMeHHO OTMegaeTCA
yBeJIH,ieHHe a30Ta aMMHaKa, XJIOpHAOB H OKHCJISIeMOCTH BOAbl.
Eiue 6o iee 3arp513HeHHbIMH SIBJIHIOTCSI, KaK nOKa3aJIH HCCJIeAOBaHHH,
U HTOKH MocI si I-peKH. CneuBaJibHble Ha6JIIOAeHHSI, npOBej(eHHbie Hap.
caHHTapHbIM COCTOHHHeM BOAoeMa B McCTaX opraHH30BaHHoro Ky-
naHbSl (HJISI}KH), nOKa3aJIH, WO CaHHTapHbIM Tpe60BaHHSIM OTBe'IaIOT
TOJIbKO Te H3 HHX, KOTOpble pacnoJio}KeHbI Bbime TiepTbi ropo a. B JieT-
HHH Ce30H 1955 r. nocne BBeAeHHSH XJIOpHpOBaHHB Ha myKHHCKOH
CTaHUHH aspauHH, KagecTBO BOAbI y nJixxcet 3Ha'qHTeJIbHO yJIy'IIUH-
.JIOCb: KOJIH - THTp nOBbICHJICSI c 0,004 Ao 0,4.
O6CJIegOBaHHe CaHHTapHbIX yCJIOBHH CnyCKa CTOIIHbIX BOA 30-TH npO-
MbIHIJIeHHbIX npe1 npHATHH, npOBeAeHHOe B 1954 r. nOKa3aJlo, TO B
MOCKBa-peKy H ee nPHTOKH nocTynaeT 3HaqHTeJIbHoe 3arpH3HeHHe.
rlpH aHaJIH3e npo6 BOAbI peKH, OTO6paHHbIX HH}Ke BbInyCKOB CTOLIHbIX
-BOA HeKOTOpbiX npeAnpHSTTHH, yCTaHOBJIeHO H3MeHeHHe ee COJIeBOTO CO-
CTaBa, yxyj(uieHHe OpraHOJIenTH1IeCKHX CBOHCTB, nOSIBJIeHHe XpoMa, CBHH-
i a, Hec TH H AP.
CaHHTapHax 3KCnepTH3a yCJIOBHH CnyCKa CTOqHbIX BOA C coopy}KeHHH
.MOCKOBCKOH KaHaJIH3auHH nOKa3aJia He oCTaTOcHy1o 944eKTHBHOCTb HX
pa6omi, 06ycnaBJIHBaiomyl0 yBeJIHqeHHe opraHHqecKoro H 6aKTepHaJIb-
Horo 3arpB3HeHH51.
CaHHTapHoe o6CJIeAOBaHHe H OnpOC Hace.IeHHSI nO3BOJIHJIH ycTaHo-
"BHTb orpaHHtIeHHe HcnOJIb3OBaHHH MOCKBbI-peKH B tiepTe ropojla j[JISI
CHOPTHBHbIX H X0351HCTBeHHO-6bITOBbIX uejleL.
BMeCTe C TeM, L1aCTHilHOe HcnOJIb3OBaHHe HaCeJIeHHeM 3arpSI3HeHHO-
r0d BOAOeMa MO}KeT CJIy}KHTb jjOnOJIHHTeJIbHbIM 4)aKTOPOM Bo3HHKHOBe-
HHSI KHmegHbIX 3a60J1eBaHHH.
IIOCJIeAHee npeAnOJIO)KeHHe nOATBep)K.zLaeTCSI HeKOTOpbIM nOBbiIIIe-
HHeM 3a60JieBaeMOCTH KHIIIe'qHbIMH HH()eKIUHHMH H B TOM qHcJle Z[H3eH-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
TepHeFl, HaceJIeHHH, npo}KHBa}oLllerO Ha y'IacTKax, pacnoJlo}KeHHbIx Ha
ecTeCTBeHHblx 6eperax MocKBbl-pexH, no cpaBHeHHIO c 3a6oJieBa-
eMOCTbIO HaCeJIeHHSI y4aCTKOB, pacnOJIO?KeHHbIX B OTaaJ1eHHH OT peKH
(n0 J[aHHbIM pa3pa6OTKH KapT 3nHJ[06CJIeROBaHHH Bb16opO4HbIX ~y74aCT-
KOB B flpoJleTapCKOM, cpyH3eHCKOM, KpacHonpeCHeHCKOM H TIeHHH-
cKOM paHHOHax r. MOCKBbI).
AHaJIH3 pa60TbI MOCKOBCKOA CaH3nHJZCTaHIIHH B o6J1aCTH caHHTap-
HOI-I OXpaHbl BOAOCHa6}KeHHH H OTKpbITbIX BOJLOeMOB r103BOJIHJI BbIHBHTb
OCHOBHble yCJIOBHH, o6ecne4HBa1OIUHe 34X eKTHBHOCTb caHHTapHOrO
KOHTpOJISI. K HHM OTHOCHTCH: - OpraHH4eCKoe c04eTame npeaynpeaH-
TeJIbHOrO H caHHTapHoro Ha,g3Opa, - KOMnJIeKCHOCTb npOBOJjH,MbIX Me-
pOnpHHTHIi B 30HaX caHHTapHOIi OXpaHbl, npH KOHTpOJIe 3a TeXHOJIOrH-
LIecKHM npOL(eccoM o6pa6oTKH BUM Ha CTaHLjHHX H KOHTpOJISI 3a Ka-
IIeCTBOM BOJjbI B BOJLOnpOBO,LHOIi ceTH, - C03,aaHHe eaHHOIi CHCTeMbI
JIa6opaTOpHO1i H onepaTHBHOIi pa60TbI caHHTapHbIX Bpageli.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
OUbIT CAHHTAPHOFO HA)I30PA 3A BOZ(OCHA6}KEHHEM
PAHOHA
M. M. 3.4CJJABCKAf7,.4. C. 5EKaJIo6). BTopoe MCCTO 3aHHMaIOT BeHTHJIHILHOHHble
YCTaHOBKH (20% xcano6). Ha IUyM OT pa60TbI HH}KeHepHOTO o6opyAoBa-
HHH )KHJIbIX AOMOB, rnaBHbIM O6pa3OM MOTOpOB, YCTaHOBneHHbIX B KO-
TenbHbIX, npHXOAHTC$1 14% xcano6; Ha ynHtlHblfi U1yM - 12% (KaK
npaBHJ1O KOnneKTHBHble }Kan06bI).
rlo npeACTaBneHHIO CaH3ngHACTaHIjHH, IHcnOJIKOM MOCKOBCKoro Co-
BeTa BbIHeC PRA cneixHanbHblx pemenHli, HanpaBJIeHHbIX Ha 6opb6y c
IIyMOM, BbIrIOJ1HeHHe KOTOPUX HeCOMHeHHO, HrpaeT rIO.AOx{HTe.'IbHy1O
POJIb B Aene ynytinieHHH IIIyMOBOTO pex{HMa B MocKBe, OAHaKO AajieKO
He pa3peuiaeT BceX BOnpOCOB 3TOI3 6OJIbUIOci H CJIOx{HOf3 npo6.7eMbI.
C Aexa6psi 1955 r. npH CaH9nlACTaHIZHH r. MOCKBbd pa6OTaeT KOOp-
AHHaIUHOHHa$I KOMHCCHB no 60pb6e c ILIyMOM, B COCTaB KOTOPO1 BXOASIT
npeACTaBHTeJIH p51Aa HHCTHTYTOB H Jla6opaTOpHfi r. MOCKBbl, 3aHHMaio-
IILHXCH yKa3aHHOf3 npo6neMofi (HHCTHTYT rxrHeHbI TpyAa H npod)va0o-
aeBaHHH AMH CCCP, AKaAeMHSI CTpOHTeJIbCTBa H apXHTeKTypbI CCCP,
H AP.). KOOpAHHauHOHHas1 KOMHCCHH OKa3bIBaeT CyiaeCTBeHHy10 n0-
MOnLb CaHHTaPHOf3 OpraHH3aWIHH r. MOCKBbI B Aene 6opb6bi C IUyMOM.
B qaCTHOCTH, npH aKTHBHOM yt1aCTHH tmeHOB KOMHCCHH 6b1Ji npoBeAeH
26-tiaCOBOi3 ceMHHap no BonpocaM 60pb6bl C InyMOM Ansl pa60THHKOB
caH3nHACTaHUHH, KOTOpbIfi npocnyiuano 6onee 100 tlen. Flo npeAnoxce-
HHIO KOMHCCHH, 6bin pa3pa6oTaH H nepeaaH B COOTBeTCTBylo LHe opra-
HH3aILHH npOeKT HOPM BeHTHJISITOPHOTO iuyMa. KOMHCCHefi npOBeaeHa
nOArOTOBHTenbHasI pa60Ta no pa3pa6OTKe HOPM )KHJIHIILHOrO H yJIHti-
HOI'O uIyMa. O UIaKO, 3Ta pa60Ta He MOBCeT 6bITb ycneUIHO 3aBepineHa
6e3 npOBeAeHHSI cneUHanbHbwX (f H3HOJIoro-rHrHeHHtIeCKHX HccneAOBa-
HHf1 no O60CHOBaHHK) 9THX HOPMaTHBOB, TO JLOJI)KHO 6bITb BKJIK)tIeHO
B nJIaHbl HaygHO-HCCneAOBaTenbcKHX HHCTHTyTOB.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
rlpH Jia6opaTOpHH CaH3nHACTaHUHH F. MocKabl co3AaHa aKycTH-
T1eCKa51 rpyrlna, T-ITO n03BOJIHJIO YJIYTi1UHTb McTOAI4TIeCKy1o n0M01ub paH-
OHHbIM caH3nHACTaHuH?HM B Ae.ie 6opb6bi c ulyMOM. B 1955-1956 rr
6bIJIO o6c.IeAOBaHO C npOBeAeHHeM 3aMepOB niyMa 6o.iee 1500 o6,beKTOB,
rJIaBHbIM o6pa3OM B CB513H c ]Ka.I06aMH HaceJIeHHSi.
B pe3yJIbTaTe yCHJieHHH CaHHTapHOI'O HaA3opa yAaJIocb AO61ITbCH
npOBe.eHHH MeponpnHTHH no CHH}KeHHIO IIIyMa B 311agmTe.IbHOH T4aCTH
O6CJIeAOBaHHbIX o6'beKTOB. B Tex CJIyTIaHX, KOrAa ocyn1,eCTBJIeHHe o6ec-
UIyMJIHBaIOIuHX MepOnpHHTHH OKa3bIBaaIOCb HeB03MO)KHbIM, CaH3nHA-
CTaHuHSIMH BanpemaJlaCb pa6oTa HaH6OJiee 1IIYMHOr0 o6opyAoBaHH51 B
BeliepHHe H HOTIHble Tlacbi. B pSiAe CJIyTiaeB BbIHOCHJIHCb peHIeHHSI O 3aK-
pbITHH 06'beKTOB H 0 nepeBOAe HX B ApyrHe noMeiueHHSi, H30JIHpOBaHHble
OT }KHJIbIX KBaPTHP.
rlpOBOAHMbie MeponpHHTHSI no o6eciuyMJIHBaHHIO He BcerAa AaB JIH
nOJ10}KHTeJIbHbIH 3cjx eKT, TITO B 3HaTIHTeJIbHOH cieneHH 06'b5ICHSIJIOCb OT-
CYTCTBHeM B MOCKBe cneuHaalbx0I3 opraHH3auHH no CKa3aHHK1 TeXHH-
TIeCKOH KOHCyJIbTaUHH X03HHCTBeHHHKaM no BonpocaM 60pb(5bl C IIIYMOM
HO HHHuHHTHBe CaH3nHACTaHUHH r. MOCKBbl, MOCKOBCKHM COBeTOM B
1956 r.. BbIHeceHO CneuHaJlbHoe pelleHHe o6 OpraHH3auHH (Ha 6a3e aKy-
CTHTIeCKOH Jia6opaTOpIH ApXHTeKTypHO-nwTaHHpOBOTIHOrO ynpaBJIeHHSR
MOCTOpHCHOJIKOMa) CTaHUHH no 60pb6e c IIIYMOM B r. MOCKBe.
C 1957 r. CTaHUHSI, elue He nOJIHOCTbIO o60pyROBaHHaq H yKOMnJIeK-
TOBaHHasi, y}Ke npHCTYIHJIa K pa60Te H npOBeJIa o6cJIeA0BaHHe 6OJIee
30 o6'beKTOB, no KOTOpbIM AaHbI TeXHHTIeCKHe peKOMeHAauHH no CHH-
)KeHH1O inyMa, o6ocooBaHHbie cneuHaJlbHbIMH aKYCTHTIeCKHMH H3Mepe-
HH5IMH H pac'leTaMH. Pa60Ta yKa3aHHOH CTaHUHH AOJI}KHa 6bITb BceMep-
HO yCHJIeHa. EH npnHaAJie}KHT cepbe3HaSI pOJIb B AeJle 60pb6bl C UIyMaMH
B r. MOCKBe.
BoJlbuioe 3HageHHe B C06JIIOAeHHH 6JIarOnpHSITHOrO B rHrHeHH4ecKOM
OTHOIIIeHHH IIIyMOBOI'O pe>KHMa HMeeT BOCrIHTaTeJIbHa5I If, B TIaCTHOCTH,
caHHTapHo-npocBeTHTeJIbHaSI pa6oTa cpe,H HaceJIeHHSI. COTpy.aHHKaMH
aKyCTHTIeCKOH Jla6opaTOpHH CaH3nHACTaHuHH r. MOCKBbI COCTaBJIeHa pa-
AHOJIeKUHH Ha TeMy: ,ecTByloiuax o6Meo6MeHHaHI BeHTHJIHUHSi 6e3 KOHI;HIjHOHHpOBa-
HHSi He JjaeT AOJI}KHoro 3()(peKTa.
I'I3yqeHHe COCTOSIHHSI B03J(yIIIHOH CpeJ[bI Ha BCeX ytiaCTKax npOH3BOA-
CTBa yKa3bIBaeT Ha 3arplI3HeHHe ee 6aKTepHaJIbHOI3 4 iiopOii - npoAy-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
ILeHTaMH aHTH6HOTHKOB. Ha ytlacTKax .1 pO6JIeHHH H (paCOBKH rOTOBOH
npOAyKLLHH KOHIIeHTpaLLHH McJIKOAHCnePHOH nbIJIH B BO3JLyXe JLOCTHraloT
35-36 Mr/M3. Ha ytlaCTKax XHMHtieCKOH OtIHCTKH oTMetiaeTCH 3arpH3He-
HHe B03,ayXa napaMH McTaHOJIa, 6yTaHOJIa, 6yTHJIaILeTaTa B KOHueHTpa-
ILHHX, npeBbllLlaloLUM npeAeJIbHO-AOnyCTHMble BeJIHtIHHbl B 2-5 pa3.
HpHMeHHeMbii, JLJiH uejleI-I CTepHJIJIH3aLLHH q)Op'MaJIHH C03JLaeT B BO3JLy-
Xe KOHUeHTpauHH (~opMaJIb.r erHAa, pe3KO npeBbIIUaioiu a npeAeJlbxO-
ILOnyCTHMyIo. He6JIaronpH5qTHbIM np0(3eCCHOHaJIbHO-npOH3BOACTBeHHbIM
(IaKTOPOM Ha ytiaCTKaX (pepMeHTaLHH STBJIHeTCH IHyM OT pa60TbI o6opy-
J.IOBaHHH, AOCTHraioa HH 86 AeuH6eJl.
Pa6ot;He HpOH3BO.r CTBa yKa3aHHbIX aHTH6HOTHKOB npe,1L'bc1BJI5I10T
ynOpHble }KaJ106bI Ha 3yA TeJla, rOJIOBHble 6oJIH, riOBbILneHHYIO yTOMJIHe-
MOCTb, CHH}KeHHe cjiyxa.
Pe3yJIbTaTb1 HCCJIeAOBaHHH CMbIBOB C OTKpbITbIX LIaCTeH Teiia H CJIH-
3HCTbIX o60JlogeK 3eBa H HOCa 06Hapy}KHJIH BO Bcex c.nytiaxx KOJIOHHH
aKTHHOMHILeTOB - npOAyueHTOB aHTH6HOTHKOB.
HCCJIeL OBaHHe 3arpH3HeHHOCTH KO)KHbIX HOKPOBOB McTOJLOM (pJIIOO-
peCueHLLHH BbIHBHJIO 6OJIbJIIyJO 3arpB3HeHHOCTb OTKpbITbIX LiaCTeH TeJia H
CJIH3HCTbIX o6oJIOtleK aHTH6HOTHKaMH. flocJleAHHe HJIOXO paCTBOPHK)TCSI
B BOJLe H o6Hapy}KHBaIOTCH Ha KO}Ke zLa}Ke riot ie MbITb5I B JLyiue.
Bb16opogHoe KJIHHHLIeCKoe o6CJieJLOBaHHe o6Hapy}KHJIO naTOalorHtle-
CKHe H3MeHeHH51 CJIH3HCTOH 513bIKa y pa6o HX nPOH3BOJLCTB Bcex yKa3aH-
HbIX aHTH6HOTHKOB, IITO Bblpa)KaJIOCb B rIOHBJIeHHH 6eJioro HaJIeTa H pa3-
JIHLIHbIX aJIJIeprHYeCKHX npOHBJIeHHH (Ma.IHHOBbII3 H3bIK, OTeK H3bIKa)
HpH MHKPOCKOnHtieCKOM HCCJIeJLOBaHHH Y HeKOTOpbIX 06CJIeJLOBaHHbIX
6bIJI HOCTaBJIeH AHarHO3 KaHJLHAOMHK03a CJIH3HCTOH H3bIKa. Y 3HatIHTeJib-
HOI'o LIHCJIa JIHu 6bIJIO yCTaHOBJIeHO nopa}KeHHe CJIH3HCTOH H3bIKa, Bb13
BaHHOe JIenTOTpHKCOM.
BaKTepHOJiOrHtIeCKOe HCCJIeLLOBaHHe HOKa3aJio Y 3HaIIHTeJlbHOrO qHC-
JIa o6CJieAOBaHHbIX yBeJIHtIeHHOe no CpaBHeHHJO C HOpMOI3 KOJIHLIeCTBO?
Apo3K}KeBbIX KOJIOHHH THna KaHLLHRO.
Bce 3TH HBJIeHHH MO)KHO 06-bHCHHTb HapyiueHHHMH KatIeCTBeHHOrO H
KOJIHLIeCTBeHHOro COCTaBa HOpMaJIbHOi3 MHKPO(~d70pbI CJIH3HCTOH (JLHC-
6aKTepH03), Ha (4OHe KOTOPbIX nOJIy'aIOT CBOe pa3BHTHe ApoxcaKenoAo6-
Hbic rpH6KH po a KaHJjHJLO H JIenTOTpHKC. Bce 3TO Mo]KeT 6bITb nOCTaB-
JIeHO B CBH3b C BO3JLei3CTBHeM npo(feCCHOHaJIbHOrO (paKTOpa.
AHaJIH3 JLaHHbIX 0 npO(eCCHOHaJIbHOii 3a6oJleBaeMOCTH yKa3bIBaeT Ha
POCT c.iytiaeB npO(4eCCHOHaJIbHbIX JLepMaTHTOB H 3K3eM, a TaK )Ke Ha
IOHBHBLIHecH cJlytiaH npO(peCCHOHaJIbHbIX 3a6oJieBaHHH - 6pOHXHaJIb-
HOH aCTMOH H aCTMOHJLHbIMH 6pOHXHTaMH.
O61uHi3 YPOBeHb 3a6oJleBaeMOCTH pa60tIHX Ha 3aBOAe aHTH6HOTHKOB
B ILeJiOM HH)Ke, tieM Ha npeanpHHTHHX ApyrHX OTpacJleH npoMbILnJIeHHO-
CTH, HO BMeCTe C TeM,O6paLUalOT Ha ce6H BHHMaHHe BbICOKHe nOKa3aTe-
JIH rpynnbl KHTHHx.
HaMH pa3pa60TaHbI 6OJIbHHtIHble JIHCTbI 3a 1955-1956 rr. B RaHHOM
iCCJIez OBaHHH MbI npHMeHHJIH HOBYIO McTORHKy, KOTOpa51 3aKJIK)tlaJlacb
3 TOM, TITO B pa3pa60TKy 6bIJIH BKJIIOtIeHbl 6oJIbHHt1Hble JIHCTbI pa6otlHx,
~popa6oTaslUHx BeCb FOR. 3TO H36aBHJIO HaC OT BJIH51HH5I TeKy4eCTH
)a6ogHx Ha ypOBenb 3a6oJlesaeMOCTH.
Ha 100 pa60TaloluHx B 1956 r. 6bi.Io 76,1 6oJIeBIUHx JIHL, KOTOpble
(aim 201,5 cJlytlax H 1472,3 RHA HeTpy.ocnoco6HOCTH. Cpe.H uexon no
'pOBHIO 3a60JIeBaeMOCTH, yJeJIbHOMY Becy MHOrOKpaTHO 6OJIeBIIIHX
10 YPOBHIO TpaBMaTH3Ma, rpHHHa H KaTapa BepXHHX RbIxaTeJlbHbIX ny-
'efl H Rp. 3a6OJIeBaHHi3 Ha nepBOM McCTe CTOHT Ky30BHOI3 uex. HaH6oJlb-
IIylo 3a6oJleBaeMOCTb RaJIH ra30CBaPI1XHKH (253 calytlasl H 1900,4 RHH),
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
)KeCTSIHU HKH (273,8 cnytiasi H 1778,4 aHx) n cnecapH (266,8 cnyvac
H 1897,0 RHSI).
Ho YPOBHIO npOMbIIIIneHHOrO TpaBMaTH3Ma 3aBOR ?BAP3? BbIRe
n$IeTCH H3 qHCna npeanpHHTHI:i pafOHa. Ha 100 pa6o'IHx B 1956 r. npH
Iunocb 14,4 cayliasi H 105,1 RHx. 143 o5n ero qHcna npOMTpaBM 48,4%
npHLIInOCb Ha yIHH6bI, 38,2%. Ha paHbl, 6,3% Ha rna3HOIi TpaBMaTH3M
HaH60nbuiee 4HCJIO Cny4aeB H ,Hei HeTpyaocrioCO6HOCTH no npOMTpa
BMaTH3My RaIOT MOJIORbie pa604He (B BO3paCTe RO 19 neT). YRenbHb1Y
Bec npOMTpaBM KO BCeM 3a6oneBaHHHM y pa60xlHX 3TOr0 B03paCTa RO
CTHraeT 15% npH cpeRHei ,JI5I Bcex B03paCTOB 8,7%. 3TO o6CTOHTenb-
CTBO HeCOMHeHHO HaXORHTCH B CBSI3H C HeROCTaTO4HOCTbJO, eCJIH HE
cxa3aTb C OTCyTCTBHeM, HHCTpyKTa}Ka MOJIORe?KH npHCTynalonLeia i
pa60Te Ha 3aBORe. 3Ha4HTeJIbHbIH HHTepec npeRCTaBn$IeT pacnpeae
JIeHHe TpaBM BO BpeMeHH, TIuc io npOMTpaBM yBenH4IHBaeTC3I K KOHI)
Ka?K,Oro KBapTana. H3 o6a ero 'qHCna npOMTpaBM 3a McCSIU Ha I Re.
Ka,ay npHWJIOCb 28%, Ha II aeKaAy 32% H Ha III ,eKaay 40%. E)TI'
,aHHble rOBOp5IT 0 He LocTaTOgHOI-i pwTMHqHOCTH npOH3BORCTBeHHOI'C
npouecca Ha 3aBORe ?BAP3?.
H3 o61uero Tacna 6o.neBH.Inx B 1955 r. pa6ovix 629 4 JIOB K - 16E
OTHeCeHbI K rpynne H COOT-
BeTCTByIOMHM HPHKa30M MHHHCTePCTBa 3j[paBOOXpaHeHH5T PC(DCP
nepeA CaH3HHACTaHUHHMH r. MOCKBbI 6blJia lOCTaBJIeHa 3a.ija4a yJIy4-
AIeHHSI Ka4eCTBa CaHHTapHOCO KOHTPOJISI Ha KOJIXO3HbIX pbIHKaX.
IieJiblO HaCT05imefi pa60TbI IBJIHJIOCb H3y4eHHe CaHHTapHbIX yCJiO-
BHH npojia)KU H Ka4eCTBa pbIHOLIHOrO MOJIOKa AJIH pa3pa6oTKH Mepo-
HPHHTHH no HX yJly4nieHHio. B pa60Te HPHHHMaJIH y4aCTHe 18 paIOHHb[X
caH3nHjjCTaHuHH.
CaHHTapHble nOKa3aTeJIH Ka4eCTBa npojjaBaeMbIX Ha pbIHKaX MOJIO-
Ka H MOJIO4HbIX HPOAYKTOB OnpejZeJIHK)TCSI B 3Ha4HTeJibHOH CTeneHH ca-
HHTapHbIMH YCJIOBHHMH C6opa MOJIOKa H ero TpaHCHopTHpOBKH, a TaK>Ke
CTeneHbIO CaHHTapHOCO 6JIaroyCTpOilCTBa McCT TOprOBJIH. B CB5I3H C 3THM
HOMHMO JIa6OpaTOpHbIX HccJIeAOBaHHH Ka4eCTBa MOJIOKa Ha pbIHKaX
npaKTHKOBaJIHCb B HeKOTOPbIX CJIylaHX - cneLIHaJIbHbie Bble3jZbl B KOJI-
X03bI j im o6CJIeJIOBaHHSI yCJIOBHH C6opa MOJIOKa H ero AocTaBKH. Me-
TOA HenOcpeACTBeHHOH }KHBOH CBH3H CaH3nHACTaHuHH C KOJIXO3aMH
OKa3aJICH 3(p(peKTHBHb!M B OTHOIUeHHH nOBbILLIeHHS{ Ka4eCTBa MOJIOKa,
AOCTaBJIHeMOrO Ha pbIHKH r. MOCKBbI.
Pe3yJIbTaTbl H3y1eHH51 TeMnepaTypb npo,aBaeMoro MOJIOKa nOKa-
3aJIH, TO MOJIOKO KaK H3 HHAHBHAyaJIbHbIX X03BHCTB, TaK H H3 KOJIXO-
30B, He oTBe4aeT nOJIHOCTbIO Tpe60BaHHHM I`OCT'a 352-41 no CBOeH
TeMnepaType.
TaK, C TeMnepaTYPOH, yAOBJIeTBOpHtome u Tpe60BaHH5,M FOCT'a
(10?-150) ROCTaBJISIeTC51 H noAaeTCU TOJIbKO 50% HCCJIeAOBaHHOrO MO-
JIOKa; C TeMnepaTypol 16'-20'-40% H C TeMnepaTypoI BbIHIe
200- 10%. IZoJIy4eHHbie aaHHbie yKa3bIBaIOT Ha HeAOCTaTO4HOe OXJia>K-
AeHHe MOJIOKa B McCTaX c6opa, a TaK>Ke fPH TpaHCnOpTHpOBKe ero a
npoAa}Ke.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
1'13y4eHHe CTeneHH MexaHHIIeCKOH 3arpH3HeHHOCTH MOJIOKa nOKa3aJI0,
LITO OKOJIO 10% o6LUero KOJIAqeCTBa HCCJIeAOBaHHoro MOJIOKa 6bi.1o .i o-
CTaBJIeHO C 3arpSI3HeHHeM 3-N CTeneHH, IITO CBHAeTeJIbCTByeT 0 Heo6xo-
AHMOCTH yCHJIeHHH KOHTPOJIH H pa3bSICHHTeJIbHO1-I pa60TbI, KaK Ha pbIH-
KaX r. MOCKBbI, TaK H Ha McCTaX c6opa MOJIOKa. rlpaKTHKa HeKOTOpbIX
,Ia6opaTOpHH noKa3blBael 3Ha1IHTeJIbHOe y.nyllHleHHe KaIIeCTBa MOJIOKa
npH CHCTeMaTHIIeCKOM KOHTpoJie. -
)KHPHOCTb PbIHOIIHOrO MOJIOKa B r. MOCKBe KaK B HH.uHBHAyaJIbHbIX,
TaK H B KOJIX03HbIX XO3H9CTBaX B 74-80%cJlylaeB BbIHIe yCTaHOB.neH-
HON no CTaH,i[apTy. 9TO aaeT OCHOBaHHe AJIH yCTaHOBJIeHHSI 6ooee BbICO-
KHX nOKa3aTeJIei }KHPHOCTH JJJI51 pbIHOIIHOr0 MOJIOKa r. MOCKBbI, IITO 6y-
,ueT SIBJISITbCH AaJIbHec1HIHM CTHMyJIOM B nOBbluieHHH Ka'IeCTBa pbIHOII-
HOFO MOJIOKa, HMelonLero 3Ha9HTeJIbHb1H yaeJIbHbIll BeC. B MOJIOKOCHa6-
3KeHHH HaCeJIeHHSI.
K IIHCJIY MeponpHSITHN, HanpaBJleHHbIX Ha yuyl1IHeHHe KaIIeCTBa MO-
.'lOKa, HapA,uy c OXJIa>KAeHHeM MOJIOKa Ha McCTaX c6opa Heo6XOAHMo
OTHeCTH BHeapeHHe B npaKTHKy CneuHaJIH3HPOBaHHOFO oxJIa)KAaeMoro
TpaHCnopTa H Aa.nbHeI Jee 6JlaroyCTpONCTBO PbIHKOB r. MOCKBbI.
ueJlecoo6pa3HO OCHaiueHHe XOJIOAHJIbHbIMH yCTaHOBKaMH He TOJIbKO
o6MHX KaMep XpaHeHHSI Ha pbIHKaX, HO H o60pyAOBaHHe cneuxaJlbHblx
XOJIOAH.UbHbIX yCTaHOBOK B McCTax npoAaxcH MOJIOKa - B naBHJIbOHaX,
B KOJIX03HbIX naJiaTKax H ,up.
MaTepHa.lbI pa60TbI HCnOJIb3OBaHbI npH ocymeCTBJIeHHH .npe,uynpe-
.aHTe.IbHOro CaHHTapHOr0 HaA3opa 3a npOeKTHPOBaHHeM CTpOHTeJlbCTBa
H peKOHCTpyKuHH pbIHKOB, a TaK}KC npH COCTaBJIeHHH nJlaHa-3aJ aHHN
CaHari HACTaHuHn no caHHTapHO-o3AOpOBHTeJIbHbIM MepOnpHSITHHM Ha
pbIHKaX r. "MOCKBbI.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
O HOPMATHBAX CAHHTAPHO-XHMHgECKOFI OIUEHKH
JLETCKHX MOJIOqHbIX CMECEH
B. B. KYBAJI)ZHHA. P. A. BPAPIHHHA
(CaH3HHACTaHUHA r. MOCKBbw)
I]eJIbIO pa60TbI SIBJISIJIOCb yCTaHOBJIeHHe HOpMaTHBOB XHMHiieCKHX
nOKa3aTeJleH AeTCKHX MOJIOLIHbIX cMeceH, H3rOTOBJISIeMbIX MO.IIOLIHbIMH
KYXH$IMH F. MOCKBbI.
IlpaKTHKa nJIaHOBOFO ria6opaTOpxoro KOHTPOJISI nOKa3bIBaJIa pe3KHe
KoJIe6aHHH coAep}KaHnSI B CMeC51x }KHpa, caxapa, cyxOrO BeIueCTBa
If BJIa}KHOCTH. Oco6eHHO coaep}KaiIHSI }KHpa B Ke(4Hpe, KHCJIOTHOCTH,
co,aep}KaHHH }KHpa H BJlarn B TBOPore H caxapa B cMecex.
TaKHM o6pa3oM HHH BaH ueHHOCTb npOAyKTOB nHTaHHSI AeTeH paH-
HerO B03paCTa B pxAe CJIyqaeB CHH}KaJIaCb H He COOTBeTCTBOBaJIa (bH3HO-
JIOrHtIeCKHM HOpMaM.
OTCyTCTBHe YTBep}KAeHHbIX XHMHqeCKHX HOPMaTHBOB 3aTPYAHHJIO
oueHKY pe3YJIbTaTOB Jia6opaTOpHbIX HCCJIeAOBaHHH OMecef, IHHPOKO npo-
BOAHMbIX caH3nHAcTaHuH9MH.
B 1956 r. CaH3HHACTaHHHeH r. MOCKBbI COBMeCTHO C 10-io paHOH-
HbIMH caH3nHACTax[HIMH 6bIJIa opraHH3OBaxa H npOBeAeHa CneunaJlbHax
pa6oTa HO H3ytIeHH}O TeXHOJIOrHH npHFOTOBJieHHA AeTCKHX MOJIOLIHbIX
HPOAYKTOB B HpOH3BOACTBeHHbIX YCJIOBHSIX MOJIOTIHbIX KYXOHb.
I1PHFOTOB.IIeHHe noJiy(pa6pHKaTOB H rOToBOH npOAYKUHH npOH3BOAH-
JIOCb HOA KOHTpOJieM pa60THHKOB CaH3nHACTauHH H B TOLIHOM cooTBeT-
CTBnH C HHCTpyKUHeH MHHHCTepCTBa 3)jpaBOOXpaHeHH5I CCCP OT
20.VI-1951 r. OT HPHFOTOBJIeHHOH TaKHM 06pa3OM npOAYKUHH 6bIJIO OTO-
6paHo 253 o6pa3ua, HcCJIeAOBaHHe KOTOPbIX HPOBOAHJIOCb no CTaHAapT-
HbIM McTOAHKaM.
B pe3yJlbTaTe npOBeAeHHOII pa60Tbl 6bIJIH fOJIyLIeHbI cpeAHHe BeJIH-
qHHbI XHMHileCKHX noKa3aTeJIec AeTCKHX cMeceH, B03MO}KHbIX B npOH3-
BOACTBeHHbIX YCJIOBHHX AeTCKHX MOJIOqHbIX KYXOHb.
BOnpocoM pa3pa6OTKH HOPMaTHBOB AJISI AeTCKHX cMeceH paHee 3aHI4-
Ma.IICH OTAeJI FHrHeHbl I-IHTaHHH HHCTHTYTa HHTaHHx AMH.
Pe3yJIbTaTbl 9TOH pa60TbI, npOBeAeHHOH KoraH A. M. H Uio61OK H. E.,
6bIJIH ony6JIHKOBaxbl B 1953 r. B }KypHa.ie ?Bonpocbl nwTaHHH? Ns 3,
rje aBToparMtn 6bIJIH HPHBC eHbi npeAJlaraeMbie HMH HOpMaTHBbI.
ConoCTaBJIeHHe aaHHbIX, fOJiyYeHHbIX nPH KOHTPOJIbHbIX BaPKaX,
npH nJIaHOBOM HCCJIeAOBaHHH H HOpMaTHBOB, npeAJIO}KeHHbIX I'IHCTHTy-
TOM IIHTaHHR AMH HoKa3ajio CXOAHble pe3yJlbTaTbI, LITO AaJio BO3MO}K-
HOCTb npeAJIO}KMTb AJIfq XHMH4eCKOH OueHKH OCHOBHbIX AeTCKHX MOJIOU-
HbIX cMeceH, BbInYCKaeMbIX MOJIOLIHbIMH KYXHHMH r. MOCKBbI, c IeAyio-
IuHe BpeMeHHble HopMaTHBbI:
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
Caxapnwa
capon
PHoTBCOBap1cI I
Kecpxp
Kecpup
B pxe B
ogee B rpe-
4y
KHCJIOTHOCTb rp.Tep-
Hepa
CoaepxcaHHe )KHpa
no rep6epy He Me-
Hee
2
1
2
1
14
0
Cyxoe Ben[ecTBo B
%%He Mexee
,
13,0
,
13
0
,
31
0
CoAepxcaHHe caxapa
B %% He meHee
no pecp-
paKToMe-
4,5
,
5
3
,
Tpy 72,0
,
BJ[aB(HOCTb B
6onee
IIOMHMO Toro, Bce CMecH C co) ep}KaHHeM MOJIOKa 65% (THHa B cMe-
cel3) .i[OJI%HbI HMeTb }KHpHOCTb He Mexee 2,1 rp. Ha 100 MJi. CMeCH
c BJIo}KeHHeM caxapa 5,0% AOJI3KHbI co,nep}KaTb caxapa He meHee 4,5%.
YKa3aHHble HOpMaTHBbI 6bIJIH npei[CTaBJIeHbI Ha yTBep}K,leHHe
B MHHHCTepCTBO 3.ILpaBooxpaHeHHH PC(DCP, yTBep K eHbI HOCJIeAHHM
15-11-1957 r. H CJIy}KaT OCHOBaHHeM npH XHMH4ecKOII OIieHKe Ka1eCTBa
,DeTCKHX MOJIO4HbIX CMecex, BbInycKaeMbIX MOJIOqHbIMH KyXH$IMH
r. MOCKBII.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
CAHHTAPHbIE YCJIOBHSI TPYLLA H XAPAKTEPHCTHKA
3ABOJIEBAEMOCTH PABO4HX HHI iEKOMBHHATA
HM. MHKO$1HA
C. M. JIOBPYJIJHHA
(CaH3rHgCTaHUHA BayMancKOro pai oiia)
C. M. CTPEMJIHHA
(CaH3nH][CTaHUHa r. MOCKBbN)
B nposeAeHHH caHHTapxoro HaA3opa 3a OJ1HHM 143 KpynxeRwHx nH-
meBbIX npeanpHSITHH r. MOCKBbI - HHIILeKOM6HHaTa HM. MHKOAHa, Bbl-
5IBHJIOCb HaJIH4He c.iy4aeB 0006bIX np0(peccHOHaJIbHbIX .3a6OJ1eBaHFH,
a TaK>Ke BbICOKH1I ypOBeHb o6uLeii 3a6OJIeBaeMOCTH cpe,H pa6o4HX AaH-
HOrO HpeAnpHBTHSI.
B CB513H C 3THM MOCKOBCKOfi FopoACKOi3 CaH3nHACTaHILneil H CaH-
3nnACTaHILHeH BayMaHCKOrO pacIOHa npoBeAeHa HaCT05IIILa1 pa6oTa,
nOCTaBHBIIIai ueJIbIO H3y'lHTb caHnTapHble YCJIOBH51 TpyAa n 3a60JIeBae-
MOCTH cpeAH pa6o nx HHIILeKOM6HHaTa.
B pa60Te 6bIJIH HCHOJIb3OBaHbI MaTepHaJlbl 3ApaBnyHKTa, a TaK}Ke
co6paHbI H CTaTHLIeCKH o6pa6OTaHbI aaHHbie 3a60JIeBaeMOCTH 3a 4 H 4a-
CTH4HO 3a 5 JIeT, npH 3TOM pa3pa6OTaHo 6o.iee 10000 (JHIIleK, BbIKOHH-
POBaHHbIX C 60JIbHH4HbIX JIHCTOB.
AHa.IH3 noJIyieHHOro MaTepHa Tia nOKa3aJI, 4TO o6uLai 3a6o.neBae-
MOCTb Ha KOM6HHaTe B 1953 n 1954 rr. HaxoJ[HJIaCb Ha OAHOM H TOM }Ke
ypoBHe, B 1955 H 1956 rr. Rana cHH}KeHHe B AHAX Ha 25,4%, B c. iy4a5ix
Ha 23,8% no CpaBH HH1O C 1954 r.
3a6o.nesaeMOCTb B 1956 r. CHH3HJlacb no cpasneHHio c 1953 F. Ha
24% B c. iy4a ix H Ha 19% B aHAX.
Ha nepBOM MecTe no y,aeJIbHOMy Becy B o6HIecl 3a6oJlesaeMOCTn Ha-
XOAATCH npOCTyAHbie 3a6ojIeBaHHA, Ha BTOPOM cepJLe4HO-000y,4HCTble
H HePBHble 6oJIe3HH.
OKOJIO 30% 0T o6nLero 4Hcjia JIHU 3a60JIeBIIIHX COCTaBJ'IAeT rpynna
4acTO H J JIHTe.IbHO 6OJieiou ux, AaioiuaA Ao 40% Bcex c.ny4aes 3a6o.ne-
BaeMOCTH H 57% AHeii HeTpyAOCnoco6HOCTH.
76% 4aCTO H AJIHTeJibHO-6oJleiowHx COCTaBJIHJOT .iiuua B Bo3paCTe
CBbIIIIe 40 JIeT.
3ApaBnyHKTOM 1-1HIILeKOM6HHaTa XOpOHIO ocynLeCTBJ7AeTC5I Ha6JIK)Ae-
HHe 3a rpynnoil 4aCTO H AJIHTeJIbHO 6oJIeIoLwlx, oAHaKO, HaM npeACTBB-
1IeTCA ILeJlecoo6pa3HbIM paCIfHPHTb o6'beM aHcnaHcePHOi pa60ThI
B jaJIbHeAiueM, B gaCTHOCTH no OTHOHIeHHIO K JIH.ILaM, jaioMHM KpaTKO-
BpeMeHHble, HO 4aCTble cJIy4aH 3a60JIeBaHHiI C pa3JIH4HbIMH AHarHO3aMH.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
Oco6biH HHTepec npeACTaBJISIIOT 3a6oJIesaHH51, C8SI3aHHbie C o6pa6OT-
KOH npHHocTec, npoiexalouine B BHAe (papHHro-JIHpHHrHTOB H Aep-
MaTHTOB.
COBMeCTHO C 3JipaBnYHKTOM KOM6HHaTa 6bIJl Opr8HH3OBaH H npo-
BeAeH OCMOTp pa6oTal0InHX B uexe npSIHOCTeh cnefHanxcTaMH Bpa-
LIaMH - OTOJISIpHHroJloroM, CTOMBTOJIoroM, JXePMaTOJIOroM H Ap. nOKa3a-
HHeM K TaKOMY BCeCTOPOHHeMy 06CJIeilOBaHHIO HBHJIHCb )Ka.l06bi pa6OLIHX
Ha o6uiee pa3Apa)Kaioiuee AeHCTBHe npO,gyKIXHH uexa.
Z[aHHble Mei[HI1HHCKOrO OCMOTpa H H3YLreHHe YCJ1OBHH TpyAa n03B0-
JIHJIH BbIHBHTb 3aBHCHMOCTb 3a60JIeBaHHK ()apHHrO-JIHpHHTHTaMH C yCJ70-
BH5IMH TpyAa H CTa)KeM pa60TbI B AaHHOM uexe, TaK: 43apHHro-JISIpHH-
rHTbI o6Hapy}KeHbl y pa6OTaIOIIIHX CO CTa}KeM Ao 5 JIeT, y 60JIbuIHH-
CTBa pa6OTaioaXHX OT 5 AO 10 JIeT H Y Bcex pa6oTalou.LMx CBbiiue 10 aeT.
B IXeJiHX caHauun 3a6oJieBaHHH ()apHHro-JIBpHHTHTaMH npH 3,gpaB-
nyHKTe B HaCT051mee BpeMH, Hoene nPOBe,IXeHHOrO H3yL1eHHB o6opyjXyeT-
CSI cneIXHaJIbHbIH HHroJIsITOPHH.
Pa3Apa)Ka1ouIee Ae1CTBHe npSHHOCTeH, OCO6eHHO BaHHJIH H KOPHIXbi Ha
KO}Ky OTMeL1aeTC51 BCeMH pa60Ta1ouXHMH B uexe, 3aperHCTpaposaHHble
we cjiytiaH 3a60JIeBaHHH AaloT 15% K LIHCJIY pa6OTaIO1 HX npH pa6OTe
C KOpHlieli H Ao 100% y pa60TaIOUIHX Ha KpyHHOli pac4 aCOBKe BaHHJIH.
3a6o.leBaeMOCTb AepMaTHTaMH B uexax o6pa6OTKH npHHOCTet pe3K0
npeBbiluaeT 3a60JieBaeMOCTb aepMaTHTaMH B ApyrHX IXexax. 3a nocJleA-
HHe roAbl Ha KOM6HHaTe nPOBeAeHbi KpynHble CaHHTapHO-03AOPOBHTeAb-
Hbie MeponpH51TH5I no peKOHCTPYKUHH ueXOB, o60pyAOBaHHIO BeHTHJIHIXHH,
yJiyLliueHHIO caHHTapHO-6bITOBbIX yCJIOBHii, L1TO CH0006CTBOBaJI0 yKa3aH-
HOMy Bbllne CHH)KeHHIO ypOBHH o6uieH 3a60JIeBaOMOCTH Ha npeA-
npHfiTHH, XOT5I TaKOBOH OCTaeTCSI eiue 3HagHTeJIbHbIM.
14HCTpyMeHTaJlbnoe onpelLeJleHHe 3("eKTHBHOCTH HMeIOI HXCSI BeH-
THJIHIXHOHHbIX CHCTeM, npOBeAeHHoe BeHTHJISIUHOHHOH rpynno % CaHBnHA-
CTaHIUHH BayMaHCKOro paiOHa, BbIHBHJIO HaiiHLIHe KOHCTpyKTHBHbIX Ae-
4)eKTOB H B ps1Ae cjlygaes, HenpaBHJlbHYIO 3KCnJIyaTauH!o. 1-IpOH3BO,IjH-
TeJ1bHOCTb BeHTHJIHLHOHHOH CHCTeMbI B uexe npAHOCTeH 3aHH)KeHa Ha
26%. KOHCTPYKaH51 McCTHbIX OTCOCOB He o6ecnegHBaeT ,zXOCTaTOLIHoro
yAaJIeHHH BpeAHOCTeH B McCTaX HX BO3HHKHOBeHH51.
JIa6opaTOpxble HCCJIe,IIOBaHH51 Bo3AyXa, npOH3BeILeHHble npOMblul-
J1 HHbIM OTAeJiOM Jla6opaTOpHH CaH3nHACTaHUIIH BayMaHCKOro paiOHa
B KOJIHLIeCTBe OKOJIO 100 aHaJIH30B o6Hapy)KHJIH npeBbiuieHHe npeAeJlb-
HO-AOnyCTHMbIX KOHueHTpauHH opraHHLIeCKon nbIJIH OT 2-x Ao 17-TH pa3.
B CBH3H C fOJIyL1eHHbIMH pe3yJlbTaTaMH aAMHHHCTpaIIHH KOM6HHaTa
6b!JIH npeAbHBJIeHbI Tpe60BaHHSI no npOBeAeHHlo AoHOJIHHTeJIbHbIX caHH-
TapHO-03AOpOBHTeJIbHbIX MeponpHHTHH.
B HacTos1uJee BpeM51 npOBOAHTCH peKOHCTpYKIIHH npHTOMHOH BeHTH-
.nHIXHH B uexe N2 3, pa3pa60TaHa TeXHHLIeCKaH AOKyMeHTaUHSI Ha o6opy-
,IlosaHHe HOBOH H ycosepuleHCTBOBanxe cyuiecTByI01uef BeHTHJIHUHH
B gexax KoM6HHaTa.
Ha OCHOBaHHH ,gaHHbIX H3ygexHSI 3a6oJlesaeMOCTH H B ueJIAX CHH-
)KeHHSI npo4 eCCHOHaJIbHbIX 3a6oJIeBaHHH CaH9nHACTaHuHe1 B036y)KAeHO
xogaTauCTBO Llepe3 MHHHCTepCTBO 3ApaBOOXpaHeHH5I CCCP nepeA
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
BIIC11C o npeaocTaBJIeHHH pa60TaIOUXHM B I[exe npSIHOCTeH JIbrOT, npeA-
yOMOTpeHHbIX AJIH BpeAHbIX npocpeCCHH.
Pa6oTa, npoaeAeHHax Ha nHL1 eKOM6HHaTe HM. MHKOSIHa nOjjTBep}K-
AaeT Heo6XoAHMOCTb yJiy,IiHeHHSi nOCTaHOBKH caHHTapHOrO HaA3Opa Ha
nHIljeBbiX npOMbIIIIJIeHHbIX npeAnpHRTHHX C TeM, lITO6bI HapSIAy c rHrHe-
HH3auHeI3 TeXHOJlorHgeCKOro npoaecca, CaHHTapHbIMH BpaqaMH npOBO-
AHJIaCb CHCTeMaTHLIeCKaSi yFJiy6JieHHaB pa6oTa no caHHTaPHOMY KOHTpO-
JIK) 3a ypOBHeM 3a60JIeBaeMOCTH C pa3pa6OTKOH HeO6XOAHMbIX Mepo-
npH51THI3 no ero CHH}KeHHIO.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
3A6OJIEBAEMOCTb C BPEMEHHOR YTPATOR
TPYAOCIIOCOBHOCTH PABOgHX MOCPbIBKOMBHHATA RO~
ILAHHbIMYrJIYBJIEHHOro HCCJIEAOBAHHA 3A 1954-1955 rr.
M. C. MEJIJIEP. 3. H. HEI(PACOBA
(CaH3IIHACTaHgHH MocKBopeuKoro pallona)
MOCPN6KOM6HHaT - O,11HO H3 KpynHeHu1Hx npeAnpHSITHK pbl6HOIl'
npOMbJInJIeHHOCTH. OH HacgHTbrBaeT CBb1IIIe 1900 pa6o11Hx. IIo ypOBHIO'
3a6oneBaeMOCTH Mocpb16KOM6HHaT CTOHT BbICOKO CpeAH npeAnpHHTHK,
paROHa. B 1954 r. Ha 100 pa60TalomHx npxuTJIOCb 155, 4 cnygax H.
1362 4
Oc
TH
pa6ogHx pbI6HOII npOMbIIIIJIeHHOCTH - 3TO pa6oTbl no npeAnpHATHAM
ACTpaxaHH H ApxaHreJIbcKa (B OCHOBHOM no BOnpOCaM TpaBMaTH3Ma).
,aJIA BbIACHeHHH npHgHH BbICOKOFr 3a60JIeBaeMOCTH no MOCpb16OKOM-
6HHaTy MbI nOABeprJIH yrJIy6JIeHHOH pa3pa6OTKe 2700 JIHCTKOB HeTpyAO-
CIIOCO6HOCTH 3a 1954 r. H HHAHBHAyaJIbHble CHrHaJIbHbie KapTbI 3a
1955 r.
3a6oneBaeMOCTb Mb! pa3pa6oTaJIH no IlexaM, noJly, B03paCTHbIM
rpynnaM.
OCHOBHble npOH3BOACTBeHHble uexa 3aBOAa - KyJIHHapHbIK, KOHTHJIb-
HbIA, XOJIOAHJIbHbIl3 H )3CHOMori~TeJIbHble - BHTaMHHHbIl3, }KHPOBOH, 3K-
CyCHbIFI. '
Ba}KHel3IIIHMH BpeAHOCTAMH B npH3BOACTBeHHbIX uexax HBJISHOTCH no-
BbImeHHaA BJIa}KHOCTb B03AyXa (OTHOCHTeJIbHag BJIa}KHOCTb 48-66%
npH TeMnepaType 34?). B KOIITHJIbHOM H KyJIHHapHOM uexax OTMe?
gaeTCA 3HagHTeJIbHaA 3aAbIMJIeHHOCTb, 0006eHH0 B KOHTHJIbHOM uexe, rAe
y negeA ropA~Iero KOngeHHA o6Hapy}KeHO 0,268 qua/n OKHCH yrnepoga npx
rIpeAeJIbHO AOnyCTHMOFi KOHueHTpaLJHH 0,03 Ate/n. K gHCny HaH6oJlee
-epbe3HuIX caHHTapHbIX HeAOCTaTKOB OTHOCHTCH HecoBepIneHCTBO cnell-
DAexcAbl, BCJIeACTBHe gero pa6oTHHubl pa6oTaloT B iMOKpOH OAe}KAe, c
MOKpbIMH HoraMH.
B BHTaMHHHOM uexe npOH3BOAHTCA piA npoueCCOB (HeaoCTaTOgHO
repMeTH3HpoBaHHbIX), CBH3aHHbIX C B03AeHCTBHeM Ha pa6ogHx AHxJlop-
3TaHa, xnopocpopMa, 3(~Hpa H aMMHaKa HpH OTCyTCTBHH npHTOHHO-Bbl-
rH3KHOI3 BeHTHJ1 gHH.
H3 nOAC06HbIX uexoB cneAyeT OTMeTHTb TapHb1H Ilex, B KOTOpOM 3a-
HATO 144 pa6ogHx (pacnonoxceHH!H B XOJIOAHOM noMelueHHH H rAe
iaCTb pa6oT BbIHOJIHAeTCR Ha ynHue) H KOTenbHyIO, rAe BcneACTBHe He-
JOCTaTOgHOl! BeHTHJI}WHH coAep3KaHHe CO B B03AyXe B ?3 pa3a BbIfe
ClpeAenbHO-AOnyCTHMOI3.
Ha COCTOAHHe 3a6oneBaeMOCTH HecOMHeHHO BJIHAIOT H HeyAOBneTBO-
)HTenbHble }KHnHHIHble yCJIOBHA pa6ogHx MOCpb16oKOM6HHaTa, np0}KH-
12' 179
B JIHTepaType ony6JIHKOBaxbI eAHHHtHbie pa60Tbl no 3a6onesaeM
, AHA HeTpyAocnoco6HOCTH.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
BalOHUIX B CTapblx KapKacHO-3acbinHblx 6apaxax, npHLueAUIHx B BeT-
XOCTb, 3HaIIHTeJIbHa1 ilaCTb pa60qHx )KHBeT 3a ropo,l oM.
Ha 100 pa6oqHx Mocpb16oKoM6HHaTa B 1954 r. 6o.ne.no 70,8 npmeM
HaH6oJIbmee qHCJIO 6oJIeBHIHX JIHU npHLUnocb Ha Kynxnapxbli uex-
77,6. HO 3TOMy we uexy HMeeTCSI H HaH6oJlbuIee iHCJIO CJTygaeB, H AHeI3
HeTpyAOCnoCo6HOCTH (1574,6). OTqaCTH 3TO 06,bHCHSIeTCH TpyL[OyCTpOFI-
CTBOM B 3TOT uex 60JIbHbIX pa6o HX H3 ApyrHX ueXOB.
110 3aBOAy 6,1 % Bcex 6oJIeBIIIHx 6onenr 5 n 6oJlbine pa3 B TegeHHe
roAa.
O6panjaeT Ha ce6H BHHMaHHe BbICOKHI3 ypOBeHb 3a6oJleBaeMOCTH
)KeHCKHMH 6OJIe3HAMH, 3a60JIeBaHH5IMH nepHf,epHgeCKOI3 HepBHOH CHCTe-
MbI (paAHKyJIHTbl, HeBpHTbI), LITO HeCOMHeHHO CBH3aHO C yCJIOBH$IMH pa-
6oTbI - pa60Ta B MOKpOI3 OAe),KAe H o6yBH. Ha KOM6HHaTe BbICOK ypo-
BeHb npOH3BOACTBeHHOro TpaBMaTH3Ma H paHeBOf3 HH4 eKuHH, 'ITO HaXO-
AHTCH TaK)Ke B CBH3H C yCJIOBHHMH nPOH3BOACTBa - paHeHHSI pyK npH
pa3AeJIKe pb16b1, BCJIeACTBHe HeAOCTaTOtIHOCTH (~JIaHeaeBbI.X PYKaBHU B
Ka'eCTBe 3auuHTbI. HH)Ke nPHBOAHM Ta6JIHuy AJIH CpaBHeHHR YPOBHA 3a-
6oJIeBaeMOCTH HeKOTOpbIMH 3a60JIeBaHH51MH no Mocpb16oKOM6HHaTy H
3aBOAy HM. BJIaAHMHpa 1'1JIbH4a 3a 1954 r.
3aBOA HM. BJIaAHMHpa -
HnbHVa
c
ny4aH I
AHH
rlpoMblmneHHble TpaBMb1
6,0
52,3
8,0
88,0
PaHeBaH HH4 eKuHa
2,3
14,0
5,3
35,3
)KeHCKHe 6one3HH (Ha
100 xceHMHH)
5,1
10,3
3a6oJIeBaHHH nepH4)epH-
qecxol% HepBHO I cHC-
TeMb1
4,4
47,7
9,7
87,1
6one3HH KOCTHbIX c_VC-
TaBOB H MbIIIIU
4,4
31,0
6,3
44,0
KaK BHAHO H3 9TOH Ta6JIHubI 3aBOA HM. BJIagHMHpa 1'1JIbHga - npeA-
IIpHHTIIe TMKeJIOH npoMbnIIJIeHHOCTH, HMeioLuee APITef1HbIH uex, AaeT 60-
nee HH3KHe nOKa3aTeJIH no CpaBHeHHIO c Mocpb16oKoM6HHaTOM. Oco6bN13
HHTepeC npeACTaBJIS1eT 3a60JIeBaeMOCTb rpynnbl RJIHTeJIbHo H qacTo 6o-
nelOluHX. K 3T013 rpynne 6bIJIH OTHeCeHbI JIHaa, 6oJleBmHe 5 H 6OJIee pa3
B TegIenHe roAa. HO KYJIHHaPHOMY H KOnTHJIbHOMy uexaM K 3TOH rpynne
6bIJIO OTHeceHO 102 'eJlosexa - 18,4% Bcex 6oJIeBIUHx B 1954 r. OHH
AaaIH 37% Bcex Cny'IaeB H53,4% ILHeH HeTpyaocnocO6HOCTH no 3THM
ABYM ueXaM.
Bce 6oneawxe I
AJIHTeJlbxo H vacro
6oneawxe
CpeAHee 9Hcio cnyyaeB Ha OAHOrO
6oneBHlero
2,2
4,5
CpeAHee 'HCnO AHetIHeTpyAocnoco6-
HOCTH Ha 6oneB wero
18,6
54,4
CpeAHHH AJIHTej1bHOCTb CJIygaI
8,4
12,1
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
fIpOBeAeHHoe HccJIezOBaHHe 3a6oJleBaeMOCTH nOMOrJIO pa60THHKaM
CaH3HH,gCTaHI(HH 1O6HTbC5I BbIHOJIHeHHSI pH,iia KpyrIHbIX 03,I[OpOBHTeJIb-
HbIX MeponpHHTHI3, a HMeHHO: B HaCTOSIIIjee BpeMSI npOH3Bej(eHa acdaJlb-
THPOBKa TeppHTOpHH, npHJleraloluezi K ?KHJIOMY noceJIKy. IIpOH3BegeH
peMOHT o60pyjAOBaHHSi H nOMemeHHSI IjeXOB, OTpeMOHTHPOBaHbI MaHO-
peJIbCOBbie nyTH. BbICTpoeHbi BHOBb nOMeujeHHH pa3geBaJIKH ,i[JISI pa6o-
'IIIX.
KaHa.IH3agHSI Mocpb16OKOM6HHaTa nOI KJIlotieHa K ropO,gCKOMy KOJI-
JIeKTOpy. IIPOBe,I[eHbi MepOHPHSITHSI no yJIy4feHH1O pa60Tbi BeHTHJIBUHI[
BbicTpoeHa HOBaHI CTOJIOBasi .IJ1$I pa60qHX Mocpb16OKOM6HHaTa. IIpOH3-
BeI eHO l OHOJIHHTeJIbHO 03eJ1eHeHHe TePPHTOPHH KOM6HHaTa.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
OIibIT rHTHEHIgECKOR OUEHKH
JIE4EBHO-fIPO(bHJIAKTH4ECKOI'O HHTAHHSI PAB04HX
XHMHgECKOR IIPOMbIWJIEHHOCTH
E. A. ABHJIOBA. B. H. BAHHHKOBA. 17. T. PHBKHHA. E. M. 3P)EPMAH
(CaH3HHACTaH1MB r. MOCKBbI H CaHanHACTanuHc KHeBCKoro paiOHa)
B HHBape 1954 r., corJlacno npxxa3a Ns 974 MHHHCTepCTBOM XHMH-
4eCKOIi npOMbIIAJIeHHOCTH CCCP, HHCTHTyTOM rIHTaHHSI AMH CCCP
6bIJIH pa3pa6OTaHbI H peKOMeH,C[OBaHbI AJI51 pa6o4Hx XHMH4eCKHX npo-
H3BOACTB COMb CneIHaJIbHbIX paIIHOHOB JIetie6HO-npo(~HJIaKTH1qecxoro
nHTaHHH AHg4epeHUHpOBaHHbIX no BHay TOKCH4eCKOrO BeLueCTBa, C KO-
TOpbIM pa604He HMe1OT KOHTaKT Ha npOH3BOACTBe.
B 4aCTHOCTH, pauHOH Ns 4 OCHOBaH Ha nOBbILHeHHOM COJLep)KaHHH JIH-
nOTPOHHbIX BemeCTB - JIeuHTHHa H JIerKO yCB05IeMbIX yrJIeBOAOB, a TaK-
we BHTaMHHa , npH yMepeHHOM coAepxtaHHH xKHpa, nosapeHHOf{
COJIH H orpaHH4eHHH 9KCTpaKTHBHbIX BeLueCTB.
PaUHOH N2 4 npHMeHHeTCH AJISI pa60Taiou Hx c 6eH30JIOM H er0 HHTpO-
H aMHAocoeIHHeHHHMH, C XJIOpHpOBaHHbIMH yrJleBoAopoAaMH, c COeJ H-
HeHHHMH MbILnbHHKa, a Taro a KaHUeporeHHbIMH BeLueCTBaMH.
CaH3IIHACTaHUH5I KHeBCKoro palOHa BKJIK)4HJIa B HJIaH HayqHO-
npaKTH4eCKyK) pa6oTy no H3ygeHHio Ka4eCTBa JIe4e6HO-npo44HJIaKTHTie-
CKOI'O HHTaHH51 no pauHOHy Ns 4 Ha 6a3e aOpXHM3aBoaa, rAe pa6o4He
COnpHKacaloTCH C 6eH30JIOM, TOJIyOJIOM, HHTpO6eH3oJIOM, aMMHaxoM,
XJIOpHCTbIM BOAOpOAOM, CepHOii KHCJIOTOII H ApyrHMH XHMH4eCKHMH Be-
LueCTBaMH.
Ha ,aOPXHM3aBoAe, rAe 6bIJIa nOCTaBJieHa yKa3aHHasI pa60Ta, nHTa-
HHe opraHH30BaHO B CTOJIOBOI3, pacnoJIo KeHHOIi B OTAeJIbHOM 3AaHHH.
O6eCnegeHbI yCJIOBHH AJI5I MbITb.9 pyK H noJIOCKaHHH pTa. OTIIyCK nHIIUH
npOH3BOAHTCS1 no CneuHaJlbHbIM TaJIOHaM.
,aH3TCecTpa, noA Ha6JnoAeHHeM KOTOpOIi npOH3BoAHTCH OTHyCK nH-
U H, pa3'bBCH5IeT pa6o4HM 3HageHHe JIe4e6HO-npocjHJIaKTHgeCKOrO nHTa-
HHSI, 0AHaKO, 344eKTHBHOCTb pa3'bsICHeHHIi HeAOCTaTOXIHa, TaK KaK HaMH
Ha6JIK)AaJIHCb CJIy4aH nepeAa4H TajiOHOB ApyrHM JIHuaM.
ITHTaHHe COCTOHT H3 ropH4erO 3aBTpaKa, MOJIOKa H BHTaMHHHbIX npe-
napaTOB. Pa60Ta npOH3BOAHTCSi B TPH CMeHbI, npH4eM yTpeHHng H AHeB-
HaA CMeHbI nOJlygaioT fHTaHHe B o6eAeHHbII3 nepepbIB, a H04Ha5I CMeHa
noc ie pa60TbI. DTO HBJI5jeTCS1 OTCTyHJICHHeM OT peKOMeHAaUHN, TaK KaK
Jle4npOCcnHTaHHe AOJDKHO BbIAaBaTbCSI o63I3aTeJIbHo nepeA HagajioM
pa60TbI, TO CnoCo6CTByeT 3Ha4HTeJIbHOMy yMeHbiueHnIo BCaCbIBaeMOCTIi
TOKCH4eCKHX BeIIieCTB.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
rlepeXOAH K OueHKe XHMH4ecKoro COMM JIetInpo4 nHTaHHH, CJIei(yeT
yxa3aTb, 4TO pauHoxoM N2 4 npegycMaTpHBaeTCa co,gep)KaHHe: 6eJI-
KOB - 60 rp., )KHPOB - 30 rp., yrJleBOAOB - 220 rp., KaJ1OPHHHOCTb
1450 KaJIJI.
3TOT pauHOH npeayCMaTPHBaeT, rJIaBHbIM o6pa30M, LuaAHUIHI3 pe3KHM
I[JIH ne4eHH, nyTeM BBeAeHHH IIHLUH, 6oraTOK yrJIeBOAaMH, nOJIHOueHHbl-
MH 6eJIKaMH, 6eAHOK )KHpaMH, npH COOTBeTCTBYIOLUeH KYJIHHapHOI3 06-
pa60TKe, 4T0 CHOCO6CTByeT yCKOpeHHOMY BbIBeAeHHIO BpeAHbIX BeIUeCTB
H3 OpraHH3Ma.
rlpH OCyLUeCTBJIeHHH KOHTPOJIH 3a Ka4eCTBOM nHTaHHH, npHMeHHJIHCb
McTOAbI TeopeTH4eCKOrO pac eTa pauHOHOB no McHIO - paCKJla l(aM it
JIa6opaTOPHoro HccJIe)[OBaHHH nHTaTeJIbHOI3 UeHHOCTH rOTOBbIX 6.mo)L.
McTOAHKa pa60TbI COCTOHJIa B c.neAyloIUeM: TeopeTH4eCKHe pacueTbi
JIe1qe6HO-npo(4HJIaKTH4eCKHX paUHOHOB npOH3BOAHJIHCb 3a 4 AHH Ka)K-
Aoro McCHUa HO Ta611HuaM XHMH4eCKOI'O cocTaBa H nHTaTeJIbHOI3 ueH-
HOCTH I MILL Bblx npOAyKTOB, YTBep}KAeHHbIM MHHHCTePCTBOM 3ApaBo-
oxpaHeHHH. Jla6opaTOpHble HCCJIeAOBaHHH npOH3BOJ(HJIHCb no o6LuenpH-
HHTOci McTO,1i$Ke.
Bcero TeOpeTH4eCKH paCC4HTaHO 44 pauHOHa, Jla6opaTOpHO HCC.HeAO-
BaHo 32 pauHOHa.
Co.1 epxcaHHe >KHpa, 6eiIKa, yr.IeBO,IloB H o6i ar KaJIopHI%IHOCTb B pa-
UHOHaX B COHOCTaBJIeHHH C HOPMaMH npeACTaBJIexo B Ta6JIHue N2 1.
Ta6AHE a M 1
KoaHVecTBO pauHOHOB C coAep]KaHHem OTAeJIbHbIX nHTaTeJIbHbIx Beu%eCTB
B rpammax
KoJnxv. pac-
DH3HOJIO-
x
a
H
a
N
Kone6aHHe B
HaNMeHoBaHNe HHTaTeJnbHbIX
C4HTaHHbIX
aUHOHOB
rH4ecKaa
HO
Ma
W x
C
F
a
OTAeJIbHble AHN
p
P
a O
Sp
mm
mm
Tx
r3eJIKH 44
60.0
11
20
13
34-73
)KHpbI 44
30.0
5
36
3
30-62
YrJleao) ,a 44
220.0
15
22
7
168-297
O6ulas xanopHI1H0CTb 44
1450
7
37
143 npHBegeHHbIX AaHHbIX BH,aHO, 'ITO H3 44 pauxoaoB B 13 coAep-
)KaHHe 6eJIKa. HH3Ke HOpMbI, npH4eM B OTAeJIbHble ,DHH co ep)KaHHe 6eJl-
Ka KpaflHe HH3Koe. COAep3KaHHe }KHpa B 36 pauaOxax BbIU1e HOPMb4,
AOXOAHBLUee B OTAeJIbHble AHH AO ABOI1HOI3 HOpMbl.
TaKoe BbICOKOe coAep7KaHHe ,KHpa AOJDKHO 6bITb pacueneno oTpHua-
TeJIbHO, TaK KaK npH BTOM yBeJIHuHBaeTCH Harpy3Ka Ha neueHb, TO eCTb
He BbIAep)KHBaeTCH LuagHiunI3 pe}KHM Aim ne4eHH H 9THM CHH}KaeTCH
nOJIO}KHTeJIbHbII3 3cJ4 eKT AaHHoro pauHOHa.
O61uaH KaJIOPHI3HOCTb BbILHe HOPMbI, BcJ1eACTBHe nOBbILUeHHOTO CO-
.tiepx{aHHH x{Hpa.
HH}Ke npHBO.l5ITCH AaHHble TeopeTH4eCKHX pacueTOB 44 pauxoaoB
no coAep)KaHHIo BHTaMHHOB.
183
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
Ha3BaHHe
BHTaMHHa
0H3HOnorH4.
HOpMa
i no TeopeTHVec-
KOMy pacqeTy
BHTaMHH C"
150 Mr
183 m r
flpH TeopeTH'lec-
2 Mr
3,5 Mr
KOM pac*IeTe y9H-
B1
2,5 Mr
0,8 Mr
TblBaJlacb noTepn
2,5 Mr
0,6 Mr
50% aCKop6aHO-
BOA KHCJIOTbI npH
KyJIHHapHOA o6pa-
6OTKe.
KaK BHAHO H3 npHBeAeHHOA Ta6JIHubI coAep}KaHHe BHTaMHHa BI H
B2 B paUHOHaX He40CTaT0LIHoe. Coj ep}KaHHe BHTaMHHOB ' H KA?
B npeAe,lax HopMbi.
Ha.1HgHe MHHepaJlbHbIX COJ1eA B pauHOHe Kpai3He Heo6XOAHMO, H60
npH HX HeAOCTaTO14HOCTH npOHCXOAHT Hapyl ieHHSI ,ijeslTeJlbHOCTH opra-
HH3Ma.
JZaHHble HO COAepxcaHHio cojiel-I Ka.IbLHB, cpoccpopa H }ICeJie3a npHBO-
ARTCH B Ta6JIHue N2 3.
KoJH4eCTBO
HaHMeHOBAHHe MHHepanbxwx
l'H3HOJIorH4ec-
B n
peaenax
Buine
BMme
I
coneq paccvxraHHwx
pauxouoe
Kaa HOpMa
H
OPMM
HOPMM
HOPMM
KanbUHA
44
800
9
5
30
4 octpop
44
1600
-
-
44
)Keae3o
44
15
-
-
44
KaK BHAHO H3 npHBe,i[eHHOA Ta6JIHubI coAep}1caHHe MHHepaJlbHbIX CO-
JIeFi B JIege6H0-npocpHJ1aKTHLIeCKHX pauHOHaX KpaIiHe He,L OCTaTOIqHOe.
3a 1955-1956 roA aa6opaT0pHeA HccJleAosano 32 pauHOl-ia.
JZaHHbie o coAepxcaHHH 6eJIKOB H yrJIeBOAOB npHBOAHTC51 cyMMapxo,
BBHAy OTCyTCTBHH B nepHO,q HCCJ1e.goBaHHK TeXHHLiecKOFi BO3MO)KHOCTIi
K HX pa3AeJIbHOMy onpeAeJleHHIO.
B HaCTOSnuee BpeM51 H3yrIeHHe pauHOHa N2 4 npoAoJixcaeTCS1 c npH-
McHeHHeM pa3AeJibHoro KOJIHgeCTBeHHOrO onpeAe.ieHHH 6eJIKOB H yrJie-
BoAOB.
JZaHHbie no co ep)KaHHIo 6e,IKOB, yrJleBO,T OB, }KHpOB 'H KaJIopHH-
HOCTH npHBOARTCH B Ta6JmHue N2 4.
Ta6JHua !' 4
KoJIR ecTB0 pauxoxoB C coAepHCaxxeM oTAeJIbHblx nHTaTeabHblx BeHIeCTB
B rpaMMaxX
HaHMeHOBaHHe
nHTATenbHwx BewwecT6
BealCH H yrJleBo1Ibi
)KHpbI
06ulas KaaopHA-
HOCTb
Konxvecrao
HccAeaoBaHHMx
paUHOHOB
lH3HoJ1orH4e-
CKaA HOpMa
280,0
30,0
B npeaenax
HOpMN
BMme I Hx.ce
HOpMM HOPMw
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
CoAepx(aHHe BHTaMHHa ?C>> onpeAeJIHJIOCb B 20 paijxoHax.
,LaHHbie cogep)K HHH BHTaMHHa HH)Ke (1)H3HOJIOrmIeCKOH HOpMbl.
1-1o TeopeTHLIeCKHM paCYeTaM Menlo-pacxJIaAOK 3a 1955 r. nHTaHHe
COOTBeTCTByeT roCyfapCTBeHHbIM HOpMaM no pHAy noKa3aTeJIeft: coaep-
}KaHHe 6eJIKOB, }KHPOB, BHTBMHHOB , H ?B2> .
OTCTa1OT noKa3aTeJIH o6II[ef KaJIOpHFIHOCTH - 2580 KaJIopHI3 nPOTHB
HOPMbI 2914 KaJlopH1L. YrJleBoAOB 443 rp, nPOTHB 626 rp. Co.neli (pocc)o-
pa 1529 Mrp npH HopMe 1814 Mrp.
Taxxce HeAocTaTOgHO co.Iep)KaHHe BHTaMHHOB >- 0,65 Mrp npo-
THB 1,8 Mrp, T. e. HH>Ke noilTH B 3 'pa3a.
B CYTOTIHOM Ha6ope npOAYKTOB OTMeuaeTCSI 3HaLIHTeJIbHbIN Aed)eKT,
Bb1pa]KaIOIIjHHCH B HeAOCTaTOqHOM KOJIH4eCTBe MOJIOLIHbIX npOAyKTOB tI
OBOIIjeH, B OCHOBHOM KanyCTbl.
143 McHIO-paCKJ1aAOK BHAHO, 'ITO B C4eT MHCHOA HOPMbI OTnYCKaJIHCb
H KOCTH, COCTBBJISI1oIuHe 1/3 o6Hjer0 Beca MSICa, 4TO 6e3yCJIOBHO CHH3H.1O
COAep}KaHHe nOJIHOUeHHOro 6eJIKa, xcHpa H o6njy10 KaJIOpHHHOCTb.
J1a6opaTOPHble HCCJIeAOBaHHH paUHOHOB HOKa3anH 6oJlee BbICOKY10
KaJIOpHNHOCTb H coAep}KaHHe 3KHpa no CpaBHeHH10 c pacKJIaAOMHOI3, 9TO
YKa3bIBaeT Ha Ae(peKTbl B nOpIjHOHHpOBaHHH 6Jnoj H npaKTHKyeMOM
McTO.Ae BbleMKH npo6.
(I)aKTHLIeCKOe co ep}KaHHe BHTaMHHa B paUHOHe HH3KOe --
16 Mrp nPOTHB rOCHOpMbI 33 Mr, T. e. B 2 pa3a HH)Ke HOpMbI.
OTMe'IaeTCH HepaUHOHaJlbxblH pe3KHM HHTaHHH - AByxpa3OBOe, a
HHOraa H O4LHopa3OBOe nHTaHHe, BMeCTO peKOmeHAyeMOrO Tpexpa3osoro.
BOJIbIIIHM Ae(peKTOM CJieayeT C'HTaTb YCJIOBHSI HHTaHHSI y'aL HxcH
B O61IjeM 06eAeHHOM 3aJIe AJIH pa6o'HX CTpoHTeJIeN.
Ha OCHOBaHHH nOJIy4eHHbIX aaHHbIX H caeJIaHHbIX 143 HHX BbIBOAOB
CJIeAyeT peKOMeHAOBaTb 1'JIaBHOMy YnpaBJIeHHK) TpyAOBbIX pe3epBOB
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
o6H3aTb BeIIOMCTBeHHOFO Bpa4a YnpaBJleHHH H ApyrHx cneUHanrCTOB
no nHTaHHIO COCTaBJIHTb McHIO AJIH y4an[HxcH PY Ns 4, HCXOAH HO Hay4-
Ho-o60CHOBaHHbIX HOpM nHTaHH51.
IIpH COCTaBJIeHHH McHIO-paCKJIaAOK yHeCTb BbIBO.AbI H3 HacTosIu efi
pa60TbI 0 HeAOCTaTOLIHOA o61lieA Ka.IOpHi HOCTH, HeIjOCTaTOiIHOM co.Ijep-
?KaHHH yrJIeBOAOB, coJlefi KaJIbIUHH 1 (poc 4opa, a TaK)Ke BHTaMHHa KHTeJlbHOCTb npe6bIBaHHH HX B
HIKoJie AOCTHraeT 6-7 qac. H Aa}Ke 7-8 ~iac.
OTMegaeTCH 6OJlbluax neperpy3Ka AeTeH )WMaWHIIMH 3aHHTHHIMH B
o6elx aIKOJiaX KaK CTapinerO B03pacTa, TaKH MJIaAIHHX KJIaCCOB 144 H
2-il CMeHbI. B inKOJIe Ne 204 rOTOBxT ypOKH B TegeHi-ie 4-5 uacoB
103 inKOJIbHHKa, TO eCTb 18% OT BcerO KOJIHqeCTBa ytlalnsxcs; B IaKOJIe
Ne 208-214 y-lauixxc51, To eCTb 33,7%.
B pe3yJlbTaTe neperpy3KH AeTeH AoMaWIHHMH 3aAaHH51MH CHH}KaeTCH
npOAOJI)KHTeJIbHOCTb npe6blBaHH51 HX Ha OTKpbITOM B03AyXe, a HHOrAa H
npOAOJI)KHTeJlbHOCTb cHa.
AHaJIH3 aaHHbIX OAHOAHeBHbIX KapT nOKa3blBaeT, XITO AeTH HeaoCTa-
TOtIHO 6bIBaloT Ha B03Ayxe. TaK B ffiKOJie Ne 204-65 IIIKOJIbHHKOB, TO
eCTb 7,90/0. He ryJISIJIH, 22 geji. ryJlsJIH BCero no 30 MHHYT. Oco6eHHO He-
6JlaronOJlytIHO 6bIJIO B UIKOJIe Ne 208, B KOTOpoH 504 UIKOJIbHHIibI, TO eCTb
53,1 % BceX ygalnHXCH He ryJIHJIH Ha OTKpbITOM B03,ayxe.
1-1pOAOJl}KHTeJlbHOCTb cxa ytIaaiHXCH TaK}Ke He OTBeqaeT rHrHeHHUe-
CKHM Tpe60BaHHHM. HeAocbinaHHe OTMetiaeTCH cpeAH AeTeH KaK MJIaA-
IIHX, TaK H CTapaIHX KJIaccoB, oco6eHHO B WKOJIe Ne 208.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
Oripoc 1781 IIIKOJIbHHKa yKa3bIBaeT Ha Cepbe3Hble HapymmeHHH H B pe-
3KHMe IIHTaHHH jleTeI3 - HenpaBHJIbHoe padnpejleJieHHe HpHeMOB IIHILIH B
TetieHHe jlHSI, He,LJocTaTOgeH OXBaT ,i[eTeIi I'Op5I4FIMH 3aBTpaKaMH B O6eHX
IIIKOJiax (9,1-9,4). Oco6eHHO Hey11LOBJIeTBOpHTeJIeH pe}KHM HHTaHHSI
yqaIUHXCH Bo 244 CMeHe.
r1OCTaHOBKa pa60TbI HO BHejlpeHHIO HaBbIKOB (~H3HtIeCKOFO BocnHTa-
HHH cpejlH ytiaMHXCSi XapaKTepH3yeTC5I CJIe,nyIOu HMH j[aHHbIMH: B LIIKOJIe
Ns 208 H3 iIHCJia 948 yqamHxcff yTpeHHe13 3ap5I4KOI3 3aHHMa1OTCx BCerO
144 qeJI., TO eCTb 15,1 % (ygan wecH I -I3 H 2-K CMeHbI). O6THpaHHe TeJia
jlejiaiOT Bcero 98 qe.I.- 10,5%. B CTapIIIHX KJIaccax (nH3ynpa3KHeHHAMH
3aHHMaIOTCH TOJIbKO egHHHLIHbie JIHLla. B IUKOJie N2 204 (Myxccxoi1) nOJiO-
]KeHHe HeCKOJIbKO JIytllue. YTpeHHeI1 3apH.gKOi3 3aHHMaJOTCA 258 '-Ie.I. TO
eCTb 31,2%.
MaTepHa.lbl H3y4eHH$i pe3KHMa jLHH LIIKOJIbHHKa 6b1JIH HCHOJIb3OBaHbI
CaH3HHACTaHIlHeI1 jlJI I npejl'bMIBJIeHHH Tpe60BaHHA HO YCTpaHeHHIO OTMe-
tIeHHbIX HeJ OxIeTOB H .1 JIH IIIHPOKOFO OCBe1LIeHH51 rHPHeHHT4eCKHX HOJIo)Ke-
HHII B BOHpOCaX OpFaHH3aLXHH yYe6HO-BOCHHTaTeJIbHOI1 pa6OTbI Ha paii-
OHHOI-i KOH(4epeHLLHH y9HTeJIeit, a TaK)Ke Ha o6'beAHHeHHOM 3acejjaiiHH
ceKgHI3 3jlpaBOOXpaHeHH5I H HaPO21HOFO 06pa3OBaHHSI COBeTa jleHyTaTOB
TpyjlxIIIHXCH OKT5i6pbCKOFO paiOHa r. MOCKBbI.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
K BOnPOCY O HPABHJIbHOM OBECHE4EHHH
IIIKOJIbHHKOB IIAPTAMH
R. R. TAPJIE
(CaHanHACTaHuHA KHeBCKoro pafiOHa)
06ecnegeHHe yqaLUHxCSI LuKOJI r. MOCKBbI IIIKOJIbHOH Me6eJIblo, COOT-
BeTCTByIoIueH HX pocTy, Tpe6yeT cepbe3HOro BHHMaHHSi.
CyLuecTByiouiee y neAaroroB H WKOJIbHbIX BpaTlea3 MHeHHe 0 HeBo3-
MO3KHOCTH npaBHJIbHOTO noA6opa napT, B yCJIOBHSIX AByxcMeHHOI3 pa6o-
TbI IIIKOJIbI, ABJIHeTCH OLHH601iHbIM, TaK KaK, BHAHO H3 npHBOAHMOI3 HH}Ke
Ta6JIHubI Ns 1, npH pa3MeIueHHH yqaIuHXCSI AByXCMeHHbIX IIIKOJI C B03pa-
CTHbIM pa3pbIBOM Me)KAy IIIKOJIbHIIKaMH, o6ygaioLUHMHCx B pa3HbIX CMe-
Hax, He 60JIee 4eM B OAHH-ABa roAa, TaKoI3 noA6op BHOJIHe Bo3Mo)KeH.
fpHMepHbIt1 iioR6op HapT B yCJIOBH%X AByXCMeHHOB pa6OTbI MKOJIbI
KannveCTBO Tpe6ye-
KOjH4eCTBO AeTeA, CHAanuHX Ha naptax
MbIX napT
Heo6xoAH-
MbIf1 Ha6op
Ha I xoMep
Ha I HoMep
Ana I-A
Ana 2-A
napT
McHbwe nova-I
CooTBeT(TByIO-I
6onbwe nonara-
2
cMeHbI
CMeHbu
ralomerOca
IUHX HX pocTy
lonlerocs
2
pa3Mepa
pa3Mepa
3-4
6
7
7
3
3
8
11
11
11
-
66
18
9
3
6
6
10
1
1
6
1
7
13
3
3
2-4
8
7
11
11
2
44
38
9
6
7
10
KaK BHAHO H3 Ta6JIHubI 1, npH B03paCTHOM pa3pblBe B OAHH roA
6OJIbUIHHCTBy yTIeHHKOB B03MO)KHO npeAOCTaBHTb napTy, cooTBeTCTBylo-
iUyIO HX pocTy, a 4aCTH ytIeHHKOB AaTb napTbI, npeBbiaimIUHe TaKOBO11
TOJIbKO Ha OAHH HOMep.?rlpH Bo3paCTHOM pa3pbiBe B ABa rOAa 2-3 yTIe-
HHKaM npHLUJIOCb 6bi npeAOCTaBHTb napTy Ha OaHH HOMep McHbUie nOJIa-
ralOLuerOCH pa3Mepa.
HCnOJlb3y5i MaTepHaJlbi yr.idy6JIeHHoro OCMOTpa ytIaLUHXCH LuKOJI KH-
eBcKoro pafOHa 3a 1954/55 yme6Hbii roa, IUKOJIbH013 rpyrlnoH CaH3nHA-
cTaHUHH KHeBCKoro paHOxa pa3pa60TaHbI MaTepHaJlbi poCTa 20000 yiie-
235
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
HHKOB. Ha OCHOBaHHH nOJlytleHHbIX AaHHbIX COCTaBJIeH npHBOAHMbIH
HH}Ke Cpe.TwHH Ha6op naps AJIH IIIKOJI, pa6OTalol(HX B OAHy H T Be CMeHbL
(Ta6JIHua N9 2).
1-2
1-3
2-3
2-4
3-4
3-5
4-5
4-6
5-6
5-7
6-7
6-8
7-8
7-9
8-9
8-10
6-10
6 I 7 I 8 I 9 I 10 I 11
11pH O1IHOCMeHIIOH pa6ore
IHKOJIbI
7 I 8 I 9 I 10 I 11
HCnOJIb3OBaHHe 3TOH Ta6JIHgbi o6J1er9HT j[HpeKTOpaM H Bpatlai
IHKOJI OHTHMaJIbHOe pacnpeAeJleHHe HO KJIaCCaM HMeIOIuHXCSI B IIIKOJIe
napT H npaBHJIbHyfO nocaAKy ,geTefi.
H3ytieHHe MaTepxaJIoB o6ecnetIeHHOCTH napraMH UIKOJI KHeBCKoro
pafOHa T. MOCKBbI nOKa3aJIO, WrO paiOH B KOJIHtIeCTBeHHOM OTHOIHCHHH
HOJIHOCTbIO o6ecnegeH napTaMH, HO oiuyiuaeTCSI He.ILOCTaTOK B napTaX
OAHHHaAuaTOrO HOMepa (HeAOCTaeT OKOJIO 40% napT 3TOrO pa3Mepa)
H oco6eHHO RBeHaAuaToro pa3Mepa (HeRoCTaeT 85-88% napT). HMeeT-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
CH TaK}Ke HeAOCTaTOK napT CeJJbMOrO HoMepa *). B TO }Ke BpeMH HMeeTCH
3HaLIHTeJIbHbJH H36bITOK napT 8-ro, 9-ro H 10-ro pa3MepoB.
TaKHM o6pa3oM B KHeBCKOM pafioHe r. MOCKBbI B HacTOHII[ee BpeMH
HMeeTCH rIOJIHa} BO3MO}KHOCTb o6eCneqHTb ygeHHKOB HagIajIbHOH H He-
HOJIHOK cpeAHeii IIIKOJIbI napTaMH COOTBeTCTByJoH HMH pOCTy yTieHHKOB
HJIH npeBbIIIIaIoi HMH TaKOBOIi TOJIbKO Ha OAHH HOMep. 4T0 KacaeTCH
yYaMHXCH BOCbMbIX, AeBHTbIX H AeCHTbIX KJIaCCOB, TO 6OJIbIIIHHCTBO H3
HHX MO}KHO CHa6AHTb TOJIbKO napTaMH Ha OAHH HOMep McHb1IIe 'IeM HM
no.naraeTCH HO pOCTy.
O6c.neAOBaHHe IIIKOJI nOKa3a.no TaK>Ke HepaBHOMepHoe pacnpeAeJie-
HHe napT pa3HOI'O pa3Mepa Me}KAy TIIKOJIaMH. HOTpe6HOCTb B napTax
pa3HOrO pa3Mepa e}KeroAHO HeCKOJIbKO H3MeHHeTCH, B CBH3H C HepaBHO-
MepHbIM paCnpeAeJleHHeM yqamHxcH HO B03paCTHbIM rpynnaM, HO 9T0
HHCKOJIbKO He yMeHbulaeT Heo6XOAHMOCTb H Ueilecoo6pa3HOCTb nepe-
pacnpeAeJieHHH napT Me}KI y IIIKOJIaMH paT3oHa.
,aJIH npaBHJIbHOIi opraHH3aU[HH o6MeHa napT MexcAy IHKOJIaMH pali-
OHa He06xogHMo: npaBHJIbHO HpoMapxHpOBaTb napTbI; HMeTb TOLIHbITi
yueT napT KaK B IIIKOJIaX, TaK H B OHO; nOACgHTaTb UOTpe6HOCTb IIIKO-
JIbI B napTaX pa3HOro pa3Mepa, TITO JIerKO CAejiaTb npH nOMOUJ$ Ta6-
JIHubI Ns 2.
Ha OCHOBaHHH noJlyileHHbIX aaHHbIX HaAJIe}KHT COCTaBHTb rpacIJHK
nepe6pOCKH napT nO IIIKOJIaM, TuzaTeJIbHO npoayMaTb opraHH3aIjHio 3TO-
ro MeponpHHTHH H o6ecne4HTb MaTepHaJlbHyJo 6a3y, pyKOBO/(CTBO H KOHT-
pOJIb 3a ero npOBeAeHHeM.
flpaBHJIbHoe pacnpeAeJleHBe napT K Hava.ny y'Ie6HOrO roAa AacT
BO3MO}KHOCTb KJIaCCHOMy PYKOBOAHTeJHo H Bpaliy IHKOJIbI yxce B nepBble
AHH y4e6Horo roAa nposecTH 6oJiee HJIH Menee npaBHJIbHylo nOCaAKY
AeTeli 3a napTbI. B AaJIbHeI3HieM, nom e H3MepeHHH pOCTa AeTeli, IHKOJIb-
HbIiI Bpaxi AOJixceH npOBepHTb npaBHJIbHOCTb nOCaAKH AeTeii H BHCCTH
KOppeKTHBbI B pacnpeAeJleHHe napT HO KJlaccaM.
* C 3aHHTHeM B 1955/56 r. pBJla KJIaCCHbIX KOMHBT noa yve6Hble MaCTepCKHe, a
TaK?Ke B CB93H C nepeXOJ(OM B 1956/57 r. pHAa HJKOJI Ha Ka6HHeTHbIA McTOA 06y9e-
HHA, HeJ(OCTaTOK B napTax ceJIbMOro pa3Mepa JIHKBHAHPOBBH.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
FHrHEHHgECKASI OgEHKA MHKPOKJIHMATA OHbITHOFO
KJIACCA C 11JIHHTYCHbIM OTOHJIEHHEM
M. H. CABOCTbfIHOBA
(CaH9nHACTaHUH5I JIeuHHrpaAcKoro paHoHa)
B HacTORIueH pa6oTe nocTaBJiena 3aaaLIa AaTb rHrHeHH,IecKyIo
OU HKY yCJIOBHH 3aH5ITHH B OnbITHOM Knacce c IIJIHHTyCHbIM OTOnJIeHHeM.
CHCTCMa rIJIHHTyCHOrO OTOnJIeHH$I OTJIHYaeTCH OT o6luenpHH51TOH
CHcreMbI BOAAHOro OTOHJIeHHH TeM, LITO OTOIIHTeJIbHble npH6opbI, npeA-
CTaBJIeHHble Tpy6aMH, 3aJI0}KeHbI B rIJIHHTyC noJia H pa3MelueHbi no ne-
pHMeTpy KJIacca.
B COOTBeTCTBHH C nporpaMMOH pa60TbI npOBeAeHo: H3yLieHHe MHKpO-
KJIHMaTa B OnbITHOM H KOHTpOJIbHOM KJIaccax, aHKeTHbIcI OnpOC yLIaLUHX-
CH H neAarorOB, 3aHHMaIOHjHXCH B 060HX KJlaccax; H3yLICHHe 4 H3HOJIOrH-
LIeCKHX peaKW4H - TenJIooulyuieHHH HyTeM H3MepeHH5I KO}KHbIX TeMne-
paTyp npH6opOM MHluyKa.
IIpeABapHTe.nbHbie AaHHble n03BOJIHJIH yCTaHOBHTb, LITO CHCTeMa
nJIHHTyCHOrO OTOHJIeHH5I o6ecnegHBaeT HOpMaJIbHbIH TeMnepaTypHbIH
H BJIa}KHOCTHbIH pe}KHM B KJIacce, He OTJIHLIaIOII1,HHCH OT o6bILIHOro;
B KJIacce C nJIHHTyCHbIM OTOHJIeHHeM H3MeHeHHe TeMHepaTypbi no Bep-
THKaJIH npOHCXOAHT 60Jiee nJIaBHO no CpaBHeHH10 C 06bILIHbIM KJIaccoM;
OTCyTCTBHe OTOHHTeJIbHbIX paAHaTOpoB yJIyLIHIaeT rHrHeHHLIeCKHe yCJIo-
BH51 KJIacca.
CHCTeMe HJIHHTyCHOFO OTOHJIeHHH npHCyLUH HeAOCTaTKH, o6H~He AJISi
BceX CHCTeM naHeJIbHOI'O oTOHJIeimi, - CJIO)KHOCTb pa3Me11ceHH51 rIJIHH-
TyCHbIX HarpeBaTeJlbHbIX HpH6OpOB B yrJIOBbIX KJIaccaX BepXHHX 3Ta}KeI3.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
HEKOTOPbIE ,II,AHHbIE no rHrIIEHHgECKOR OIkEHKE
OAE)KAbI WKOJIbHHKOB
3. C. JIA171IIHHA, H. K. TOPjIII(EHKO, 3. H. TYCEBA, 17. T. MAJIEHKO
M. B. CEJIETEA, H. A. OECAK
(HHCTHTYT 06uxeH H KOMMyHaJIbHOFI rHrxeHbl HM. A. H. CbicHHa AMH CCCP. ro-
poACKBA CaH3nMACTaHIuHA. CaH3IIHACTaHILH3I OKTA6pbcKOrO H BayMaHCKOFO paiOHOB)
OAHOFi H3 aKTyaJIbHbIX npo6.neM rHrHeHbI ABJISIeTCH pa3pa6oTKa rH-
rHeHHgeCKHX HOPMaTHBOB Ha oAexgAy H 06yBb Aim AeTefi H nOApOCTKOB.
Oco60 Ba}KHoe McCTO 3aHHMaeT uIKOJIbHasI (copMa, TaK KaK B IIIKOJIaX
o6ytlaeTCH Bce nonpaCTaroIuee nOKOJIeHHe CCCP B B03paCTe OT 7 Ao
17 JIeT.
B rnrHeHHYeCKOH JIHTepaType OTCyTCTByIOT cneuHanbHbie pa60TbI no
H3yxieHH1O H rHTHeHHgIeCKOI3 OueHKe IIIKOJIbHOI3 (4OpMeHHOI-I oae}KJjbl. 3T0
06CTOSITeJIbCTBO no6yAHJIO 14HCTHTYT o61ueI3 H KOMMYHaJIbHOI3 rllrnellbI
AMH CCCP H FOPOACKy1O CaH3nHjLCTaHUHIO opraHH30BaTb Ha 6a3e
pA,ga IIIKOJI r. MOCKBbI KOmrmeKCH IO pa6oTy no H3y4leHH1O H rHrHeHHge-
CKOiI oaeHKe IIIKOJIbHOI-( (pOpMeHHOfl oAe}IC,ubi H pa3pa6OTKe, Ha OCHOBa-
HHH UOJIy4eHHbIX AaHHbIX, rHPHeHH~IeCKHX peKOMeHAauHII no ycoBep-
IJ1 HCTBOBaHHIO ee.
H3y'IeHHe COOTBeTCTBHH IIIKOJIbHOI3 (popMeHHOII OAe)KAbI ee Ha3Hage-
HHIO J(OJI)KHO HPOBOAHTbCA C yqeTOM B03paCTHbIX OCO6eHHOCTeft opraHH3-
Ma IIIKOJIbHHKa H BJIHHHHA Ha Hero YCJIOBHI3 BHeLuHefI Cpe.bI: MHKpO-
KJIHMaTa y4e6Hbix nOMenjeH}I , y4e6Horo paCHHCaHHH H nOCTpoeHHH
yPOKOB B ulKOJIe.
B COOTBeTCTBHH C 9THM pa60Ta npOBOAHJIaCh B yCJIOBHSIX eCTeCTBeH-
HOFO 3KCnepHMeHTa no eAHHOMy nJlaHy.
JIa6opaTOPHble HCCJIeAOBaHHA TKaHect nOKa3aJIH, TITO B XOJIOAHOC
BpeMSI roAa 6onee Bcero OTBeLIaeT rHrHeHHTIeCKHM Tpe60BaHH51M tuep-
CTAHaA HIKOJIbHaH TKaHb. OHa o6JIaAaeT XOPOIlHMH TerJI03aU HTHbIMH
CBOfCTBaMH, rHrpOCKOnHqHa, B03,gyXO- H naponpoHHuaeMa.
IllepCTHHoe CYKHO AJIA MaJIbLIHKOB no CPaBHeHHIO C HIepCTHHOI3
11IKOJIbHOI3 TKaHb}O ,LLJIH AeBo ieK HMeeT p5I,1 HeAOCTaTKOB B rHTHeHHge
CKOM OTHOIIIeHHH.
OHO 6oJiee TA}KeJIOe, TOJICToe, }KeCTKoe, McHee B03AyXOnpOHHuaeMoe.
11O3TOMy nIepCTHHOe CyKHO He MO}KCT 6bITb peKOMeHAOBaHO AJISI H3rOTOB-
JIeHHA (OpMeHHO6i oae)KAbI IIIKOJIbHHKOB MJIa.LWIHX KJIaCCOB.
,RJIA TenJIOBOTO nepHOAa roAa Heo6XOAHMbl TKaHH 6oJlee TenJionpo-
BOAHble, B03,I;yXO- H napOnpOHHIZaeMble, cBeTJIble, o6JiaAaioutne cnoco6-
HOCTbIO OTpa}KaTb COJIHe4IHble JIygH.
B ueJIAX H3yLIeHHA MHKPOKJIHMaTa H B03AYIIIHOH cpeAbi KJIaCCHbIX
nOMemeHHI3 6bIJI0 npOBeAeHO 3 Typa Ha6JIIOAeHHH BeCHOH ((peBpaJlb -
anpeJlb), 3HMOH (AeKa6pb - AHBapb), oceHbIO (ceHTH6pb - OKT5i6pb),
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
BKJnogaBHIHx: 216 3aMepOB AHHaMHKH TeIulnepaTypbi H BJIa)KHOCTH;
864 xHMHgecKHx aHaJIH3a Ha coAep}KaHHe CO2; 144 axa.lnaa Ha coAep-
3KaHHe opraHHTIecKHX Bem CTB B B03Ayxe (MeTOA 0KHcJIHeMOCTH);
128 MHKpO6HoJIorHEIeCKHx aHaJIH30B 6aKTepHaJlbHoro o6ceMeHeHHSI B03-
,uyxa (annapaTOM KpoToBa).
I-IoJIyqeHHbie AaHHble CBHAeTeJIbCTBYIOT 0 TOM, LITO B HA cMeHe Hc-
XOAHble AaHHble MHKpOKJIHMaTa KJIaCCHbIX nOMeaLeHHH OTBegaK)T rHTHe-
HHLIeCKHM HOpMaTHBaM, OAHaKO, B TelieHHe ytie6HOro AHH TeMnepaTypa
HOBbIHIaeTCSI Ha 3-4-8?, aocTHram 24-25?. OTHOCHTeJIbHaMI BJIa)KHOCTb
nOBbIIHaeTCSI, yaeJIHLIHBaeTCH cOJjep]Kaxxe B B03Ayxe CO B 2-3 pa3a,
yse.IH1qHBaeTc5i 6aKTepHaJIbnoe o6ceMeneHHe B03J[yxa H 3arpcl3HeHHe
ero opraHHqeCKHMH BeiuecTBaMH. MHKpOKJIHMaTHTIeCKHe yCJIOBHSI 3aHH-
THH BO II cMeHe c CaMOI'O HaIaJia 3aH5ITHH 3HaTiHTeJIbHO xy}Ke, 4eM B
I cMeHe - AHHaMHKa HX TaKaHI we, TO eCTb Ha6Jno.1 aeTCSI nOBbinieHHe
TeMnepaTypbI H BJIa)KHOCTH H POCT Bcex nOKa3aTeJIeH 3arpsI3HeHH5I
Bo3Ayxa.
,RJISI OUCHKH (143HOJIorHqeCKOrO COCTOSIHHH ACTCKOro OpraHH3Ma
B yCJIOBHHX KJIaCCHbIX HOMCH.ICHHH npOBOAHJIOCb oAHOBpeMeHHO C HC-
cJIeAOBanHeM MHKpOKJIHMaTa o6cjIeAOBaHHe Ha 72 HIKOJIbHHKaX (36 MaJIb-
LIHKOB H 36 AeBoqeK) B 4 HIKOJIax pa3HbIX paHOHOB r. MOCKBbI, B pa3JIH4-
Hble nepHOAbI roaa, B 1, IV, VII, IX KJIaccax, no TPH pa3a B TegeHHe
y4e6Horo AHSI. Bcero 6bIJI0 nPOBe)jeHO 648 nccjieAOBaHHH, BKJIK)gaIou HX
4536 H3MepeHHH TeMnepaTypbI (KO}KHbIX nOKpOBOB, npoc.moeK noBepx-
HOCTH oAe3KAbI) H 168 HCCJIeAOBaHHH no onpeAeJIeHHIO KO)KHOrO 3JIeKTpO-
COnpOTHBJICHH5I C 1539 H3MepeHHSiMH (rpyAb, CnHHa, JIo6, JlaAoxb).
Ha OCHOBaHHH aHKeTHO-CTaTHqeCKHX AaHHbIX, no.mygeHHbIX nyTeM
onpoca 600 HIKOJIbHHKOB, BbIHCHHJIOCb, 4TO HIKOJIbHafl (JOpMeHHaHI
oAe)KAa HMeeT pSIA CyI1 CCTBCHHbIX rHrHeHHLIeCKHX HeAocTaTKOB (He-
y,O6HbIH nOKPOH, rpy60CTb H )KCCTKOCTb MaTepHaJla, 3aTpyAHeHHe
O'qHCTKH, H36bITOqHble Ten.IO3aMHTHbie CBOHCTBa, 6bICTpaH H3HaHIHBae-
MOCTb MaTepHaiia H T. A.).
B pe3yJ1bTaTe npOBe,eHHOH pa60Tbl ycTaHOBJIeHO, qT0 cyluecTBylo-
HjaSI HIKOJIbHa5I 4)opMeHHa5I oaexira, npH Ha6JIIoAaioIuHxcH TeMnepaTyp-
HbIX KOJIe6aHH5IX KJIaCCHorO BO3AyXa B npeAeJlax OT 14 Ao 24?, He MO?KCT
o6ecne4HTb B Te4eHHe Bcero y4e6Horo AHSI COCTOSIHHSI KOM(pOPTa y AeTeH
B XOJIOAHOC BPCMSi roAa.
OAexc,aa AOJI>KHa KOHCTpynPOBaTbCH C y'IeTOM Toro, WO KO)KHbie
'TeMnepaTypbI AeTeH KpaiHe HeyCTOHgHBbl, Y IHKOJIbHHKOB MJIaAIIIHX
KJIaCCOB OHH BbIIHe, LIeM Y CTapiuHX; y MaJIb4HKOB BbIHIe, HeM Y ACBO4CK.
IZo Mepe HOBbIIHCHHSI KO}KHbIX TeMnepaTyp K KOHuy 3aHHTHH B03pa-
CTa1OT TeMnepaTypbI - nPOCJIOCK H nOBCPXHOCTH oAe}KAbI, 4T0 yKa3bI-
BaeT Ha neperpeBaHHe OpraHH3Ma AeTei.
Heo6xoAHMo HOBbICHTb BHHMaHHe AHpeKTOpOB, neAaroroB H BpaueH
1UKOJI, K yJIy4HICHHIO B03AYIIIHOFO pe}KHMa KJIaCCHbIX noMelueHHH, yCH-
JIeHHK) HPOBCTPHBaHHSI H a9pauHH HX.
Heo6XOAHMO YCHJIHTb pa6oTy no 4)H3H4IeCKOMy BocnHTaHHK) H 3aKa-
JIHBaHHIO IIIKOJIbHHKOB H nponaraHay cpeAH poAHTeJIeH n0 npaBHJIbHOMY
()H3H4CCKOMy BOCnHTaHHIO AeTef H pagHOHaJIbHOH ogee HX. .
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
rHrHEHHgECKASI OREHKA YCJIOBHN OBYyEH-H$I
B flPOH3BOACTBEIIHb1X MACTEPCKHX
O&1AEOBPA3OBATE4bHb1X II KOJI
3. 0. CTEIIAHOBA, B. B MHHIEHKO, P. A. KOP!HAA, /I. A. PABHHOBH9
(CaB9naACTnHuHR r. MOCKS' H Cali nnAcraHwHH )Keae9HoAopo%HOro, OpyxeeECxoro
H fepaom,a#cHoro. pa*OHOB)
BBeAeHue ? nojHTexHHgecxoro 6ygeHHS it o6I eo6pasosaTenbHbIx
UIKOnax -apeACTaBnHeT Co6oit BaZHy1O nej arorugecKyIO pe4 OpMy, KOTO-
past nossonHer pemHTm npo6JleMy BcecTopoHHero socnHTaHHSi noApacTa-
ion ero noKoJIeHHs.
BMecTe c Tell[, nonHTexHHgecxoe o6ygeHHe AOJi)KHO HMeTb cygecT
BeHHOe rHrneHHgeCKOe 3HageHHe H 6JIaroTBOpHO BJIHSITh Ha 4nIsH4ecKoe
pa3BHTHe AeTe9 H noApocrxoB.
llonxTexHHiecKOe o6ygeHHe, o6ecneiHBast gepeAOBBHHe yMeTBeHHO-
ro TpyAa c i IHaH%ecKHM,'cn0006CTByeT npc4HaaKTHKe yTOMJIeHHSI H no-
BbuuaeT pa6oTOCnoco6HocTb. y'auLHxcsi.
F, Hagany.1956/57 yqe6Horo roAa ; B ,596 mKo iax r. MoCKBbi 6bum
opraHH3OBaHbl yge6Hbie MacTepcKHe.
?Bccro opraHH3OB8HO 1166.cJlecapHlix H cTonstpHbtx MaCTepCKHX.:
B CBH3H C oTCyTCfBHeM B mKOnax cneusaJlbHbIx noMeujeHHA MH
paaMeltjeHIM MacrepcKHx HCnOnb8OB8J HCb p8snHgHbie noMewHH$1.
BonbUJHHCTBO : MaCTepCKHX pasMell eHO B KnaCCHbix KoMHaTax. Bce-
rO B nlxoJiax r. MocKBbl nox MacTepCKHe 3aHRTO 1 IUIaCCHbIX KQMHaT.
Hacroslmasi pa6oTa cTaBnaa ce6e saAggelt AaTb rHrxeHHaecxylo
oiteuxy ycnoBHlt o6ygeHnsl B. npOH3BoACrBeHHblx MaCTepcXHX nyTeM
HsygeHHB COCTOSIHHH B03A1mHOA CpeAbi H MHK OKJIHMaTa B mm
TIoA Ha6nloAemHeM CaHsnHAcraHuxH r,. MOCKBbt H ' CaHSnHACT8H-
UH$ )Kene3HOAopoacxoro, tpyHseUCKoro. H. f epsoMa*cxoro pa$oHOB
HaxOAHnocb 23 MacrepcKlax, H3 Hill 12? caecapnix H. 11 crojapHMx.
1'13' yKa3aHHblx MacTepcKHx, 14 pa3MeIueho B KnaCCHbix KoMHaTax,
3-B noMellteHHH? 6H6moveK (B, THIIOBbIX WKOJSX apx. CTenaHoBoA,
Tun. 10-1, I, C - I), 4 - B npHCnoco6neHHbl c noMemteHnsix (siaCrb
BecTH61OJist, KopHAopa, nHOHepCKast KOMHaTa, Ka6HHeT ABpeKTOpa) H
2 - B noMeujeHHH noABaJta.
HaMH npOH3BOAHlrHCb BCCJIeAOBauHs BosAyxa MacTepcKHx Ha co. ep-
xcaHHe yrneKHcnoro rasa (1111 npo6) Ha sarpsisHeHHOCTb opraHHeecxH
MH BeigecTBaMH nyTeM OnpeAeJIeHHH OICHCJIsieMocTH, (439 npo6) Ha 6aK-
TepHanbHyIO o6ceMeHennocTb nyTeM oT6opa npo6 acnllpatmoi iilM
McTOAOM (391 npo6a).IIpOBOAHJIOCb AHHBMHgeCKOe dnpejeneHHe OTHo-
cHTeabHOMi BJIg2KHOCTH H TeMnepaTypbi Bo3Ayxa. OAiioapeMeHHO H 8-MH
MactepCKHX 6BIJiH npoBeAeHbt saMepbl ocBeuteHHOCTH H B 2-x MacTep
CKHX saMepbi HHTeHCHBHOCTH myM8 H BH6pawHH?
241
16 inc. Rio.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
Hcc.IeAoBaHHR HpOBOAHJIHCb B 1955/56 H 1956/57 ytie6HOM roAy
B pa3Hble ce3OHbI roAa, Ka}KAbiFi pa3 B TetieHHe Bcero yje6HOrO AHH
C IXeJ!BIO BbISiBJIeHHSI AHHaMHKH nbKa3aTeJteri.
Pe3ynbTaTbi aHaJIH30B riOKa3aJIH He3HatiHTeJlbHbie H3MeHeHHR CO-
CTOHHHR BO3AymHOH CpeAb1 H MHKpOKnHMaT?. TaK, MaKCHMaJIbHBH KOH-
IXeHTpaiXHR yrjleKHcaIoro ra3a noc.i a 3aHHTHH- He npeBbituaJIa 0,29%, OT-
HOCHTeJIbHafI BJIH)KHOCTb nOgTH BO Bcex CJiygaax 6biala B npeAeJIaX HOp-
MbI.. OKHCJIHeMOCTb B03AyXa yBeJIHtiHBaJiaCb B 3-4 pa3a, 0006eHH0
B CTOJIRpHNX iMaCTepCKHX, tiTO 6bIJIO CBR3BHO C 3arpH3HeHHPJM ero Ape-
BeCHOri nbmbIO. He3HagHTeJibHO yBeJIHUHBaJIOCb 6aKTepHaJIbHoe o6ce-
McHeHHe B03Ayxa.
Pe3yJIbTaTbi pa6oTbl noxasaJIH, tiTO C TOtiKH 3peHHH coxpaHeHHA
HOpMaJIbHbIX MHKpOKJIHMBTH4eCKHX yCJIOBHFi ra6apIfTbt KJIaCCHOR KOM-
HaTbI nO3BOJif1K1T HCnoJIb3OBBTb ee nOA MaCTepCKylo npH YCJIOBHH C06Jn0-
Aet#Hft npaBHJtbxoro pe)KHMa npoBeTpHBaHHR.
CHCTeMaTHtieCKHe Ha6JHOAeHHR 3a npOBeAeHHeM ypOKOB noxa3aJIH,
qTO pacCTaHOBKa o6opyAOBat{HR B MacrepcKHx, pa3MenXeHRbIX B KJtac-
CHbIX KOMHaTaX, RBJIReTCR BbIHy)KAeHHOi H HeyAo6HOri AJIR HOCTpOeHHST
ueAarorHgeCKoro npou[ecca.
IlJtoluaAb KJIacCa HeAOCTaTogHa Aim pa3MetueHHR Heo6xoj[HMOro
o6opyAOBanHR, oco6eHHo B CTOJIHPHbHX MaCTepCKHX. HenpaBHJIbHaH pac-
CTaHOBKa o60pyAOBaHH51 yxyi maeT yCJIOBHR OCBeii(eHHR, He nO3BOJIReT
npaBHJIbHO opraHH3oBaTb pa6otiee MeCTO InKOJIbHHKa.
HanHtiHe B MBCTepCKHX CTaHKOB C ) BH}KynXHMHCR tiaCTRMH MewiaeT
npOBeAeHfo 3aHRTHfi, npOH3BOAR nlyM, Bb13bIBaR BH6pa'iLH1O H B CJiytiae
OTcyi cTBRR orpaxAeHRA npej[cTaBafteT OnaCHOCTb AJIR AeTe$.
Pa3pa6oTannbte HOBbie nporpaMMbi Ha npOeKTHpOBBHHB? mKOJIbHbTX
3AaHHfi npeAycMaTpHBaIOT CneUHaJlbHbte noMeHXeHHR nOA MaCTepCKHe
AOCTaTO'IHOri nJiouiaAH. Heo6xoAHMO TOJibKO npH CTpOHTeJIbcTBe HOBMX
mKOJIbHEIX 3AHHHx o6ecnetiHBaTb pa3Meiueane MaCTepCKHX Ha nepBoM
3Ta3Ke H npeAycMaTpHBaTb npoaej[eHHe MepOnpHRTa no 3ByKO- FI
BH6ponBoamm.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
rHrHEHHRECKA31 XAPAKTEPUCTHKA.YCJIOBHf1
OBYREHHA B XOPEOrPA.HRECKOM YRHJIHIQE
rOCYAAPCTBEHHO[O AKAJ EMH ECKOrO 5OJIb11IO)KHBaIOTCSI JIHIIIb npH rICTOJIOFH4eCKOM HccJleAoBaHHH). IIpH
CMepTH AeTeF1 Ha 5-e - 8-e CyTKH OT Ha4aJIa 3a6oJleBaHHH 4anje BbISIB-
JISIeTCSI naTOJIoro-aHaTOMH4eCKa5l KaPTHHa Tina : KaTappaJlb-
HO-HeKpOTH4ecKuu Tpaxeo6poHxHT, KpynlloogaroBasl nH6o CJIHBHasi
retopparu4ecKaSI nHeBMOHHSI.
I HCTO.gOrH4eCKoe Hcc.rieAOBaHHe o6Hapy}KHBaeT KaTapaJlbHbIci JIH60
KaTapaJIbHO-HeKpOTH4ecKHIi JI5IpHHrOTpaxeo6pOHXHT, 6pOHXHOJIHT, KaTa-
panbHo-AeCKBaMaTIiBHbin II reMOpparH4eCKHI{ TpaxeHT, KaTapaJlbHO-
reMopparH4eCKVlo AeCKBaMaTI1BHy1O nHeBMOHHIO, o4arOBylo HHTepCTH-
uHaJIbHylO nHeBMOHHIO, KpOBOH3JIH}1HH5T B HOJIOCTb aJIbBeoJI, TO4e4Hble
KPOBOI13J'IHHHHSI B nneBPbI H Apyrlle cepo3Hble o60JlOgKH. Co4eTaHHe
3THX 113MeHeHHcI XapaKTepHo AJIH JIeTaJIbHbIX Cny4aeB rpHnna H, KaK
npaBHJIO, He BCTpe4aeTC5i npll CMepTH OT HHCBMOHHH APyrOA 3THOJIOFHII.
)jHarH03 rpHnna nOaTBep?KAeH rHCTOJIOrH4eCKH B 129 H3 207 cny-
4aeB. B 68 H3 HHX o6Hapy>KeH FPHnn03Hblri aHTHreH onpeaeJleHHoro
ceponorH4ecKoro (Tina 52,7%) B 72 cnygaslx Ha6nloAanocb coBnaAe-
HHe OTpHuaTeJIbHbIX Cep0JIOrH4eCKHX H rHCTOJIOrH4eCKHX pe3ynbTaTOB.
JIHIIIb B 6 cny4aSIX nOJ1O}KHTenbHa5I cepojiorH4eCKau peaKUI1M He COOT-
BeTCTBOBaJIa allaTOMH4eCKOMy aHarH03y: 2 OTHOCHTCH K HAHOnaTH-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
4eCKOMy MHOKapAHTy, 3 - K nOJIHOMHeJIHTy, I - FHOHHOMy McHHHI'HTy.
B 4eTblpex H3 HHX 6bIJIH o6Hapy}KeHbI rHCTOJIOrH4eCKHe H3MeHeHHH B
JierKHX, n03BOJI5nommHe npeAriojio KHTb CMeulaHHyIO HH4)eKUH!O.
1FpHnnO3HbiiI aHTHreH 4auie o6Hapy}KHBaeTC3I B cjlygaHx, KOTOpble
OKaHgHBaIOTCSi CMepTbIO B nepBbie 1-5 AHei OT Hagaiia 3a6oJlesaHH5i,
Ao pa3BHTHSI rpy6bix allaToMHtieCKHX H3MeHeHHH B JIerKHX. B OTAeJIbHbIX
cjiygasIX BbIHBJISIJICSI Ha 841 - 10-H AeHb.
CJIy4aH CMePTH AeTeH OT rpHnn03HOH HH(IeKUHH BCTpe4alOTCSI B ne-
pHOA 3nHAeMH4eCKOH- BCnbHHIKH H B cfOpaAH4eCKHX CJiy4a ix 3a60JleBa-
HHSI. BO BpeMH 3nHAeMH4eCKOH BCnbI JJKH BbISIBJISIeTCH npeHMylueCTBeHHO
rpHnr103HbIFi aHTHreH Toro cepoJIOrH4eCKOrO THna, KOTOpbIB BbI3BaJt
BCnbIHIKy rpHnna; B Me}K3nHAeMH4eCKHX - pa3Hbie cepoJIOrH4eCKHe
THnbI.
CMepTb OT rpHnna BCTpe4aeTC5I npeHMymeCTBeHHO, cpeAH AeTe1
paHHerO B03paCTa: 98 H3 129 nOATBep}KAeHHbIX rHCTOJIOrH4eCKH H 48 H3
68, nOATBepxcAeHHbIX cepoJiorH4ecKH JIeTaJIbHbIX c.ly4aeB rpHnna npHXO-
ASITCSI Ha AeTei Ao I roAa }KH3HH.
LIeTKoe COBnaAeHHe OTpnUaTeJIbHbIX cepoJlorH4eCKHX H rHCTOJIOrH4e-
CKHX pe3yJIbTaTOB npH HCCJIeAOBaHHH JIeTaJIbHbIX c.iy4aeB nHeBMOHHH
y AeTeH, He CBH3aHHbIX C rpHnn03HOR HH(~eKUHeH, BbISIBJICHHe FpHnn03-
HOrO aHTHreHa 60Jlee, 4eM B nOJIOBHHe CJiy4aeB AHarHOCI(HpOBaHHorO
naTOJIoro-aHaTOMaMH rpHnna, a TaK}Ke cOBnaAeHHe cepoJlorH4eCKoro
THna rpHnrl03Horo aHTHreHa B TpyHHOM MaTepHaJie C THHOM BHpyca,
BbI3BaBIIIero 3nHAeMH4eCKyIO BcnbinIKy rpHnna, n03BOJI910T npH3HaTb,
4TO PCK B MOAH4)HKauHH npo(p. CMOpO)jHHUeBa AOCTaTO'HO 4yBCTBH-
TeJIbHa H cnei[H(rH'Ha. MO}KeT 6bITb peKOMeHAOBaHa AJIH nOCMepTHOCO
AHarH03a rpHnna.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
311N,REMHOJIOFH'1ECKOE H3Y'EHNE BO3MO)KHOCTEII
COKPALLIEHHM CPOKOB H3OJIALLNN BOJIbHOI'O
311HJI,EMH ECKHM IAPOTNTOM
C. 3. JAH3BYPT. P. A. BPAHHHHA. M. H. BOBAKOBA. 3. H. CAMBOPCKAH
B. H. HPTJIA9-mYMOBA. M. A. JIOBKO
(CaH3nHACTBHUH3i r. MOCKBbl)
B Tegenne nocjieAHHX 10 1eT B HePBHOM oT,! e.1IeHHH ) eTCKOH 6oJIb-
JIHubI HM.,13ep)KHHCKOro A-pOM FaH36ypr C. 3. BeJIHCb Ha6JIloaeHH5I Ha.q
AeTbMn, rIOCTyna1OILLHMH B 6OJIbHHuy 110 HOBO,ILy 3a6oJlesaHHH HepBHOH
CHCTeMbI, BbI3BaHHOrO BHpyCOM 3nHJjeMH9eCKoro napOTHTa. 3Tn AeTI3 no-
CTynaJill B pa3.1HXIHble CPOKH 3nnAeMH4eCKOrO napOTHTa C 5IBJieHn51MH
MCHHHPHTa H 3Hue(pa.1HTa 11 BCerjja HaXOJjH.1HCb B cneuHaJIbHO BbIJjeJIeH-
HON najiaTe.
TaK KaK TaKoe 6o,IbHble nOCTyna.ln B OTAeJIbHble McCHIjbI roJja B KO-
nnYeCTBe, npeBbluiaioujeM Ha 7II4ne MCCT B 3TON cnelwaJIbHoA naJlaTe.
TO 6bIJI0 pellleHO 60JIbHbIX H3 Hee nepeBOAHTb Ha 9-N AeHb 6oJIe3HH B
,npyrHe najlaTbI, rAe HaXOAHJIHCb AeTH C pa3JIHi1HbIMH HeBpOJIorH4eCKH-
MH 3a6ojleBaH1IHMH, He 6OJIeBIJJHe CBHHKOH.
TaKoe peuieHne 6bI:lo npeAnpnHATO Ha OCHOBanIn3 AHTepaTypHbIX
JjaHHbIX, KOTOpble yKa3bIBaIOT, qTO BHp'C 3HHJ[eMH'IeCKOFO napOTHTa Ha-
XOAIITCH B C.1lone 60.'IbHbIX B TelleHne 2-x AHeN AO 3a6o.1eBaHH5i CBHHKOH
5-7 AHeN OT Haga.,ia 3a6o.1eBaHnH 11 JIHHIb 1!3peAKa Bb1Jje.lHeTC51 H3
CJIIOHbI 3a60JIeBHIuX Ha 9-N AeHb OT HagaJia 3a6o.1eBaHn5].
1-IpHBeAeHHble A-pOM I'aH36ypr C. 3. aaHHble n03BOJIIIJIII HaM 3nHJje-
MHOJIOrH'IeCKH H3yII1ITb 3TOT BOnpOC B HePBHOM OTAeJIeHIiH 60JIbHHljb1
JIM. a3ep}KHHCKOrO H aeTCKHX yqpe KaeHHSIX F. MOCKBbI. ,
Pa60Ta npOBOAnJIaCb C MapTa 1955 r. no H!OHb 1956 r. 1i,eJlb AaHHO}1
pa60Tbl 6bIJIa BbISICHHTb BO3MO3KHOCTb COKPaLjeHH51 cpol{a H30JI54UH11
6OJIbHOI'0 CBHHKON 10 9-TH AHeN (BKJI1o HTeJIbHO) BMeCTO 21-r0 AH51
cor.nacxo CyujeCTBy1OnjeH HHCTPYKUHH.
Ha6JiioAeHH51 B 6o."Ibnnue HM. ,a3ep}KHIICKoro
AeTH, rocnHTaJIH3HpOBaHHble 110 UOBOJjy 3a6OJleBaHH51 HePBHOH CH-
CTeMbI, Bb13BaHHOrO BHPyc0M 3nHAeMH~fecxoro napOTHTa, Ao 9-ro AH5l
6o.ne3HH HaXOAHJIHCb B CneuHajlbHOH najlaTe, a nocJle 3TOro CpOKa ne-
peBOAHJIHCb B o6HLHe naJlaTbl HePBHOrO OTAeJIeHHA. B BTHX naJIaTax
yCTaHaBJIHBaJICSI KOHTpOJIb 3a AeTbMH, He 60JIeBIUHMH CBHHKOH B Te4eHHe
21 JjH51 C MOMeHTa KOHTaKTa, TO eCTb B TeqeHHe Bcero HHKy6aIHOHHOrO
nepHoAa 3nHAeMHgeCKOPO napOTHTa. Ec.1n 6OJIbHOH BbIHHCblBaJIC5! H3
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
6oJIbHHubl AO HCTegeHHH 21-r0 AHH, Ha6JnoAeHHe 3a KOHTaKTHpoBaBHIFI-
MH npOAOJI}KBJIOCb AOMa.
CBeAeHHH O nepeHeceHHOM 3a6OJIeBaHHH CBHHKOA B npOuJJIOM y 6oJlb-
HbIX, KOHTaKTHPOBaB[IHX C nOCTynaIOIuHM novae 9-ro AHH 60JIe3HH CBHH-
KOH 6bIJIH nOJIy4eHbl Ha OCHOBaHHH HanpaBJIeHHH JIe4e6HO-nP04)HJIaKTH-
4eCKHX ygpe KJ1eHHI , H3 onpoca poAHTeJIe1i, npH nOMeIueHHH pe6exxa
B 60JIbHHuy, 4T0 OTMegaJIOCb B HCTOpHH 60JIe3HH, a TaK)Ke yTO4H5IJIOCb
npH noCeHieHHH Ha AOMy nocJie BbIHHCKH H3 60JIbHHubl.
B HePBHOM OTAeJIeHHH 6OJIbHHubi 3a nepxoA Ha6JHo,(eHHA npolllJlO
70 4ejiOBeK C pa3JIH4HbIMH HePBHbIMH 3a60JieBaHHSIMH, KOTOpble KOHTaK-
THPOBaJIH C 29 6OJIbHIiIMH CBHHKOff, nepeBeAeHHbIMH cioiia c 1O-ro AHSI
3a60JIeBaHHH H n03)Ke:
Ha 10 AeHb 60JIe3HH - 17 4ejiOBeK
Ha 11 K ? - 7 ?
Ha 12-13 AeHb 6oJIe3HH - 4 ?
Ha14- a It - 1 >>
1'13 o6iuero 4Hc.la 70 KOHTaKTHPOBaBIIIHX AeTef He 6OJIeJIO CBHHKOA
42 geJiOBeKa.
AHaJIH3 6bIJI fl 0B ,l eH B OTHomeHHH 42 AeTefl, HMeBffiHX KOHTaKf
C 6oJIbHbIM CBHHKOH C 1O-rO AHH 3a60JieBaHHSi. CJIeAyeT n0A4epKHyTb,
'ITO 6OJIbUIHHCTBO AeTei (29 H3 42-x) HMeJIO KOHTaKT 60JIbine 4eM c
OAHHM 60JIbHbIM CBHHKOA C 1O-ro AHH 3a60JIeBaHH51, TO BHJ[HO H3 c ie-
JZyioiueH Ta6JIHubI:
C 1 6oJlbnblM - 13 4ejIOBeK
C 2 6OJIbHbIMH - 10 >
C 3 - 7 >>
C 4-8 ? -12 ?
B03paCT AeTei, KOHTaKTHPOBaBLUHX C 6OJIbHbIMH CBHHKOII C 1-rO AHA
3a60JieBaHHSI, 6bIJI CJIeAyIOniHI3:
,R o 3-x dleT - 5 4eJIoBeK
OT3JI06JIeT-16 >>
OT 7 Jzo 14 JIeT - 21
1'13 42 AeTefi 35 Ha6JIK)JiaJIOCb B 60JIbHHue, a 3aTeM AOMa, TaK KaK
OHH 6bIJIH BbIHHCaHbI AO HCTegeHHH HHKy6aJHOHHOrO nepHOJia.
B pe3yJlbTaTe HaLIIHX Ha6JIIOAeHHH BbIHCHHJIOCb, 4TO HH OJiHH H3
42 Ha6JIIOJiaBIUHxcH HaMH JieTeI3, KOHTaKTHpOBaBIIIHX B YCJIOBHHX OOMHX
naJlaT 6OJIbHHubl c 6OJIbHbIMH CBHHKOA C 10 AHSI 3a60JIeBaHHSI - He
3a60JieJi.
Ha6.nIoAeHHSi B JieTCKHX ygpe}KAeHHSlX
KpoMe 6OJIbHHubl pa6oTa nposoAHJlacb TaK>Ke B AeTCKHX y4pe>KAe-
HHHXi, KyJia HaHpaBJI$IJIHCb JieTH c 10-ro AHH 3a6oJIeBaHH.9 CBHHKOA
B rpynnbI, me AO 9TOrO He 6bIJIO c iygaeB CBHHKH.
3a KOHTaKTHPOBaBIIIHMH BeJIOCb Ha6JHo4eHHe Bpa'aMH gceJlb, , eT-
CKHX caAOB H 3nHJjeMHOJIOraMH B TegeHHe 1,5 MecsllieB (JisocHOro cpoxa
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
HHKy6auHOHHoro nepHOAa, OTO AHH npHeMa pe6eHKa, y4HTbIBaH BO3HHK-
HOBeHHH CTePTbIX (pOpM H noc.meAyloIIuHX 3apa}KeHHfl OT HHX.
Pa60Ta npOBeAeHa B 19 AeTCKHX ytipe}KAeHHHX, B TOM gHCJIe B 5 Hc-
JIHX H 14 AeTCKHX ca,1(ax. KOHTaKTHPOBaBIUHX AeTefl B HHX 449, B TOM:
gHcne B Hc.nHx - 185, B AeTCKHX caAax - 264.
HMeJIH KOHTaKT C 6OJIbHbIMH cBHHKOfi:
Ha 9 AeHb - 18 geJloseK He6oJlesulnx CBHHKOfi.
Ha 10 KAeHHfi He3aperHCTPHPOBaHbl 3a6OJIeBaHHH
CBHHKOf. aOnyCTHTb }Ke BO3MO}KHOCTb HeBbIHBJIeHHbIX CTePTbIX (4OpM He
npHXOAHTCH nOTOMy, 1ITO B rpynnax npOBOAHJIOCb TIuaTeJlbHoe e}KeAHeB-
Hoe Ha6JHoAeHHe 3a AeTbMH H HCKJIfO eHa BO3MO}KHOCTb npOnyCKa CTep-
TbIX ()OPM CBHHKH.
AJIH HJIJIIOCTpaUHH MO}KHO fPHBeCTH cneAyIOII[He npHMepbI:
1. B HcJiHx Ns 162 pe6enoK F-}Ka 2 r. 6 M. 3a6o.ieJi 3.XI I - cBHHKoi,
npHHHT B rpynny 12.XII (Ha 10 AeHb 6one3HH). B rpynne 6b1Jio 15 AeTefl
He6oJieBIIIHX CBHHKOf, HHKTO H3 HHX He 3a6OJleJi..
2. B TeX xce HCJIHX B Apyrylo rpynny 6bIJl npHHHT pe6enoK J1-3
I r. 11. M. Ha 9-9 AeHb 6oJIe3HH CBHHKOfi (3a60JleJi 16.1, npHHHT B rpyn-
ny 24.I). B rpyrine 6bIJIo 18 aeTefl He6oJICBHIHX CBHHKOf, HHKTO H3 3THX
AeTefl He 3a6OJIeJI.
3. B HcJIHx N2 344 pe6enoK M-Ha 3 r. 6 M. - npHHHTa B rpynny Ha
10 AeHb 3a60JieBaHHH CBHHKOfI (3a6oJle.ia 28.11 -, npHHHTa 8.111).
B rpynne 6bIJio 27 AeTel, He60JIeBIIIHX CBHHKOI3, HHKTO H3 KOHTaKTHpO-
BaBIIIHX He 3a60JIeJI.
TaKHM o6pa3OM, Ha6JHoAeHHH 3a KOHTBKTHpOBaBIIIHMH B AeTCKHX yY-
pe}KAeHHHX nOATBep}KAaIOT MaTepHaabl, nOJIy4eHHble B 60JIbHHue A-pOM
FaH36ypr C. D., 0 BO3MO}KHOCTH COKpaHI,eHHH CPOKOB H30JIH11HH 60.rIb-
HbIX CBHHKOH AO 9-TH AHefl 6OJIe3HH (BKJII01IHTeJIbHO) .
3TO HaXOAHTCH B COOTBeTCTBHH C 9KCnepHMeHTaJIbHbIMH BHpyCOJIO-
rHqeCKHMH Ha6JIIQAeHH51MH pa3HbIX aBTOpOB: I'eHJIe, YeHAe.IJI, P03eH-
6epr, FOpLOH, KHJIxeM H CeJIHMOB.
Ha OCHOBaHHH npHBeAeHHbIX MaTepHaJIOB MbI CTIHTaJIH B03MO)KHbIM
HOCTaBHTb BOnpoC nepeA MHHHCTepCTBOM 3APBBOOXpaxeHHH CCCP o6
H3MeHeHHH cylueCTByIonlel3 HHCTPYKIIHH, COKpaTHB CPOK H3OJI51I[HH 60JIb-
HOro-CBI-IHKOfi AO 9-TH aHeA BMeCTO 21-r0 AHH.
B HaCTOHLuee BPeMH MHHHCTepCTBO 3ApaBOOXPaHeHHH CCCP, Ha
0CHOBaHHH HMeIOn HXCH MaTepHaJIOB, BHeCJIO H3MeHeHHe B HHCTpyKIIHH,
COKpaTHB CPOK H30JIHUHH 6OJIbHOTO CBHHKOfi AO 9-TH AHeA.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246A061500170001-0
PEq)EPATbI HAY'-IHO-UPAKTHL4ECKI4X PABOT
HO BOFIPOCAM fIAPA3HTOJIOI'HH
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246A061500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
O HAXO)KAEHHH POII,HHKOB01'O MAJIAPHHHOfO KOMAPA
B r. MOCKBE
B. B. THMOILIKOB
(CaH3IlH)jCTaHIHA r. MOCKBbI)
OcHOBHbIM nepeHOC'HKOM MaJIHpHH B MOCKBe H MOCKOBCKOI3 o6JIaCTH
}BJIHeTCH Anopheles maculipennis c aByMSI noABHAaMH Anopheles
maculipennis H Anopheles mac. masseae.
HapsIAy C 3THM BHAOM Ha TeppHTOpHH MOCKOBCKOI3 06JIaCTH MapKO-
BHEI H ApyrHMH aBTOpaMH OTMegaJICSI ewe OAHH BHA - pOAHHKOBb1II Ma-
JIHPHHHbIII KOMap Anopheles bifurcatus, OTJIH4ai0IuHIlC5i csoell 6HOJIO-
rnef.
Ha TeppHTOpHH ropoaa 3TOT BHA B Te4enne MHOCHX JIeT He perii-
CTpHpOBaJlcR.
B KOHge anpeJisi 1957 r. B OAHOM H3 BOAOeMOB Ha CKJIOHax JIeHHH-
CKHX rop B He60JIbLUOA 3a60JI04eHHOCTH, nHTaBiueIICR 3a C4eT BbIKJIH-
HHBaHHR rpyHTOBbIX BOA, 6bIJIH O6Hapy}KeHbI JIHRHHKH II-IV Bo3pa-
CTOB pOAHHKOBOCO MaJISIpHt%HorO KOMapa A. bifurcatus c 60JIbUIOII nJIOT-
HOCTbIO (AO 10 JIII4HHOK Ha OAHy CTaHAaPTHY}O np06y).
Oco6eHHOCTbIO 6HoJIorHH 3TOrO BHAa SIBJIHeTCH 3HMOBKa erO Ha CTa-
AHH JIIi4HHKH II-IV B03paCTOB, a Bc1IeACTBHe 3TOro 6OJiee paHHHi, no
cpaBHeHHIO c Anopheles maculipennis, BbIJIeT I-fl renepauHH H 6oJiee
paHHHe B03MO?KHbie CPOKH nOSIBJIeHHH 3apa}KeHHbIX KOMapOB cpeAH I-Oil
rexepauHH.
B 4aCTHOCTII, B 1957 r. Ha'ajlO BbIJIeTa I-fl reHepaunn A.Tisi Anopheles
bifurcatus OTHOCHTCSI K nepBbIM 4HCJIaM Max, a A.nR Anopheles macu-
lipennis K 15 Masi; o6pa6oTKa BoAOeMa npOTHB JIHgHHOK Anoph, bifur-
catus 6bWia npose,eHa 27 anpe..RSI, a Ha4aJio o6pa6oTKH BoAoeMOB npo-
THB MHOI'HX JIHRHHOK Anophel. maculipennis OTHOCHTCR K 15 MaH.
B CBSI3H c o6Hapy}KeHHeM Ha ToppHTOpHH ropoAa A. bifurcatus CJIe-
AyeT H3MeHHTb CPOKH Ha4aJIa o5CJIeAOBaHHR H o6pa60TKH aHo(peJloreH-
HbIX BOAOeMOB - BOAoeMbx, nHTalom.HeCR 3a C4eT KJHo4ell H BbIKJIHHH-
BaHHH rpyHTOBbIX BOA H MOryULHe (..JIy}(HTb McCTOM BbInJIOAa A. bifurca-
tuS, Heo6XOAHMO Ha4HHaTb 06CJIeAOBaTb Co 241 fOJIOBHHbI anpeJlfl H 06-
pa6aTbiBaTb y)Ke B anpe.ie no Mepe HaXO}KAeHHSI JIH4HHOK.
IZpH 3IHAeMHOJIOrH4eCKOM aHaJIH3e 3a6oJleBaeMOCTH MaJIRpHe1i cJie-
AyeT y4HTbIBaTb BO3MO)KHOCTb 3apa}KeHH5I MaJIRpHeII Ha OTAeJIbHbIX
y4aCTKax ropoAa (B 4aCTHOCTH, Ha JIeHHHCKHX ropax) B 6oJiee paHHHe
CPOKH ReM npH paC4eTax CHOPOFOHH AJISI 1-x rexepau ii Anoph. macu-
lipennis.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
CE30HHbIE ABJIEHH 1 B )KH3HH IIEPEHOCgHKA MAJIAPHH
H CPOKH HPOBE)JEHH 1 IIPOTHBOMAJI51PIIRHbIX
MEPOHPH51THII B T. MOCKBE
T. A. OKTH7BPbCKAt7
(CaH3nHUcTaH1jHa r. MOCKBbl)
)I,Jix npaBHJlbHoro n.naHHpoBaHH5 Bcex npOTHBOMaJIflpHHHbIX Mepo-
npHxTHH, BKJIIOgax H Jlege6HO-npO4JHJIaKTHgeCKHe, Heo6xOAHMbI CHCTe-
MaTHLIecKHe Ha6JIIOJLeHHH 3a }KH3HbIO nepeHOCTIHKa MaJISIpHH, B onpe,I[e-
,'IeHHbIX KJIHMaTHgeCKHX yCJIOBHSIX.
3ana3AbIBaHHe HagaJia npOTHBOMaJIApHHHbix MepOnpHHTHH HJIH
npe)KJteBpeMeHHOe HX HpOBeaeHHe, CHH}KaeT HX 3(i)(j)eKTHBHOCTb, H, Ha-
O6OpOT, H3JIH1UH5ISI HpOAOJI}KHTeJIbHOCTb MeponpH ITHH Bb13bIBaeT HeHy}K-
Hble MaTepHaJIbHble 3aTpaTbI.
U03TOMy rIapa3HTOJIorHLIeCKHH OTAeJI FOPO CKOH CaH3nHJjCTaHuHH,
(a B npoIIIJIOM H IlpOTHBOMaJISIpHHHaH CTaHU1451) H noA ero pyKonoA-
CTBOM 5 paHOHHbIX caH3nHACTaHUHH B Te ieHHe 10 JIeT npOBOART (4eHOJIO-
rHgeCKHe Ha6JIIOAeHH51 3a KOMapoM Anopheles maculipennis, KOTOpbIH
1BJIHeTC0 OCHOBHbIM nepeHOCgHKOM MaJi}IPHH B r. MOCKBe.
Ha6JI1OJjeHHH 3a OKpbIJIeHHbIM KOMapoM npOBOJLHJIHCb Ha 11-TH 3H-
MOBKaX (oBOMexpaHHJIHIuax, nOABa.Iax H no,II,no.lax) H 12-TH AHeBKaX
(KOpOBHHKax H KOHIOIIIHSIX), pa3BHTHe BOAHOro HOKOJIeHHH l13ygaJIOCb
B 10-TH KOHTpOJIbHbIX BOAoeMax.
Ha6J11oAeHHx noxa3aJIH, 'TO CHJIbHble MOp03b1, pe3KHe KoJIe6aHHSl
TeMnepaTypbl 3a CyTKH, BbinaAeHHe HHe 1, BbI3bIBaJOT 6OJIbuiyIO rH6eJIb
MaJISIpHHHbIX KOMapOB B TegeHHe 3HMHero nepHOAa, TaK KaK B YCJIOBHAX
MOCKBbI aHO(leJIeC 3HMyeT, B OCHOBHOM, B KaMeHHbIX nOAHOJib 1X H OBO-
LueXpaHHJIHIuaX, KOTOpble CHJIbHO npOMep3aIOT H TeMnepaTypa B HHX
naiaeT HH}Ke 0'.
Heo6XOAHMo OTMCTHTb, LITO Aaxce B TeHJIYIO 3HMy, 6e3 pe3KHX KO.ne-
6aHHH TeMnepaTypbl, Ao 70% KOMapOB norH6aeT B 3HMOBKax.
B KOHue MapTa HJIH Haga.Ie anpeJui Ha'IHHaeTCSI BbIJIeT KOMapOB
C 3HMOBOK, MaCCOBbIH }Ice BbIJIeT CO BceX BHAOB 3HMOBOK O6bIqHO 6bIBaeT
B 3-9 AeKaAe anpe.io. B CBSI3H C 3THM B Mae OTMe'IaeTCSl 6OJIbIHOH 3aJIeT
KOMapOB B noMelueHHH AJISI KpOBococaHH5i.
4epe3 25-30 AHec nocJie BbIJIeTa KOMapOB C 3HMOBOK B BOAoeMax
MO}KHO HaiTH nepBbIX JIHLIHHOK MaJIIipHnHOrO KOMapa (3a 10 neT Ha6JHo-
,n.eHHH Hal6oJlee paHHHH CPOK 6bIJI OTMe'IeH 28.IV, a IIO3AHHH -17.V).
BbIJIeT nepao! rexepauHH KaK npaBHJIO, Ha6JnoJ(aeTCSI B KOHue Max -
Hagajie HIOHSI. B OTJjeJIbHble FOAbI CPOKH BbIJIeTa I reHepauHH CHJIbHO
RapbHpy'OT.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
B MOCKBe qHcJIo rexepau,Hfi o6bPiIHO 6bIBaeT 4, Ho B oT,geJlbxble roJjb['
ycneBaeT pa3BHTbcg nSlTOe rrOKOJIeHHe.
HaH60JIbluax gHCJIeHHOCTb Ma.IRpHfHbIX KOMapOB B npslpoAe OTMe-
gaeTCH B I3IOJle - aBrycTe, B 3TOT nepHO,i( Ha6Jno.1 aeTCg HaH6OJIbuIHIi
KOHTaKT KOMapOB C geJloBexoM.
C KOHita aBryCTa HJIH B Ha'raJie ceHTH6pa HagHHaeTcfl 3aJIeT KOMa-
pOB Ha 3HMOBKH. C 3TOro MOMeHTa nepe,gaga MaJIHpHH, B OCHOBHOM, npe-
Kpal9aeTCS1, TaK KaK H3-3a OTCyTCTBHH Heo6XO,gHMoro TenJia MaJIlpti t-
Hble napa3HTbl B TeJ1e KOMapOB He nojlyqaloT CBoero JjaJIbHelilmero
pa3BHTHH.
YCJIOBHH nepe) aqH MaJISIpHH H 3nHAeMHOJtorHgeCKaH 3HaLIHMOCTb OT-
.l;eJlbHbIX reHepaIIHH B pa3JIHgHbie ro bl 6bIBa7oT pa3JIHIqHbI H 3aBHCHT
OT TeMnepaTypHbIX yCJIOBHH Ce30Ha H gHCJIeHHOCTH nepeHOCgHKa.
Ha6JI1O.z eHHS nOKa3aJIH, IqTO nepe3HMOBaBIIIHe KOMapbI B yCJIOBHSlX
MOCKBbI, KaK npaBHJIO He HMeJOT 9nHj[eMHOJlorHgecxoro 3HaVeHHS1.
BoJIbtuylo pOJIb B nepe.age MaJISIpHH HrpaeT I-SI reHepauHSt, TaK KaK
OHa_pa3BHBaeTC5i B 6JIarOrIpH5ITHbIX McTeopojzorHYeCKHX YCJIOBHSIX H Bce
KOMapbi 3TOIi reHepauHH MoryT 6biTb nepeHOCgHKaMH MaJISipHH.
rlpH XOJIO,gHOM iieTe KOMaplil 2 H 3 reHepauHH r103AHO BbweTaloT
H B 3HagHTeJIbHOFi qaCTH gBJI5IIOTC51 . }1anay3HPyIOiuHMH, B CB513H C qeM
3Ha,qeH. He HX B nepe.z aqe MaJiSIpHH CHjIa(aeTCH. HO B 3KapKoe JIeTO KOMa-
pbI 9THX reHepauHli MOT SIBJISITbCH nepeHOCgHKaMH MaJISIpHH.
tleTBepTasl H fslTaSI reHepagH51, ,KaK npaBHJIO, B YCJIOBHHX MOCKBbI,
3nH,I eMHOJxorHLieCKoro 3HaqeHHSI He HMeIOT, Tax KaK 3T0 yxce 3HMyioupie
KOMapbl.
B OCHOBHOM 3apaaceHHe MaJispHei B r. MOCKBe npOHCXO.Z HT B H1oJie
H B aBrycTe, Kori a B npHpo.r a oco eHHO MHOrO nepeHOCIqHKa H TeMne-
paTypa Cnoco6cTByeT C03peBaHHlo Ma.ISIPHItHbix napa3HTOB B TeJIe KOMa-
pOB. -OAHaKO, B OT.1 eJIbHble roAbi nepBblX 3apa)Ke7-IHbIX KOMapoB MO)KHO
o6Hapy2KHTb y}Ke B HallaJle HIOHSI. rlpH He6JlaronpHSITHbIX McTeopOJIOTH-
qeCKHX yCJIOBHSIX 3apa)KeHHbie KOMapbI Ha'IHHaIOT BCTpeilaTbCs n03-
3Ke - B I .zteKaAe HIOJISI.
Ce30H nepe.latIH MaJISIpHH B MOCKBe ,1;JIHTCSI OKOJIO 80 1[Heii C 20
HIOHSI H 3aKaHgHBaeTCSI, B OCHOBHOM, B I AeKa,ge ceHTSi6p5I.
B pa3JIHgHbxe roAbi KOJIHqeCTBO .l Hex C TeMnepaTypoi 16? H Bb1ule,
HeO6XO,gHMOfi j[JISI pa3BHTHSI MaJIHpHIiHoro napaaKTa B TeJie KOMapOB,
KOJIe6JieTc51 OT 71 (1950 T.) A o 103 ,i[Heli (1049 r.) , B CB'513H C Iie(M McHSI-
JOTCSI H CPOKH nepei[atIH MaJISIpHH.
Y.1 JIHHeHHe Ce3OHa nepe.l avH MaJISIpHH 6bIBaeT 3a cceT TenJloro MaSl,
a rJIaBHbIM o6pa3OM, 3a c'IeT TenJloro CeHTS16pH.
B pe3yJIbTaTe nPOBe1 eHHOH pa60TbI HaM y.aJlOCb 060CHOBaTb HaH-
6o iee 3ip(peKTHBHbie H pagHOHaJIbHbie CPOKH npOBeAeHH51 MepOnpHSITHI%
no 6opb6e c nepeHOCgHKOM MaaTSIpHH H npOcj nJIaKTHKe 3a60JieBaHHii Ma-
JISIpHeH B r. MOCKBe.
He I.IeJIe.coo6pa3HO, B YCJIOBHSIX MOCKBbI, nPOBO,ILHTb 60pb6y C KOMa-
paMH Ha 3HMOBKax, TaK KaK 60JIbI11HX CKOnJIeHHIi aH0(peJieC B noMelue-
HHHX 3HMOIi MbI He o6Hapy3KHBaeM H nepe3HMOBaBUixe KOMapbi He
HMeIOT 9nHj[eMHgeCKOH pOJIH. Ilpoiue HCTpe6JISITb BeCHOIi aHgHHOK
21 3es. 910 321
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
B BOAOeMaX, TCM 6o.nee, 11TO pa3bICKHBaTb 3HM05KH o ieHb TpyAHO,
a Cnjiom HaH, o6pa60TKa Bcex nOMeuleHHIH BOKpyr aHO4)eJIOI'eHHblX BO-
AoeMOB B HaCTOHIIZee BpeMSi He MO}KCT 6bITb npHeMJIeMa.
B CBSI3H C TeM, 14TO KOMapbi,,BbIJIeTeBu!He C 3HMOBOK, 9nHAeMHOJIOTH-
YeCKOFI pOJIH nOt1TH He HMe1OT, B CHJIY HX MaJIO1HCJIeHHOCTH, c.leAyeT
npOBOAHTb Bb16opOqHyio o6pa6OTKy nOMeIUeHHII BOKpyr aH04)eJIOreHHb1X
BOAoeMOB, a TaK)Ke OgarOB MaJISIpHI1Hbix 60JIbHbIX. 9Ta o6pa6oTKa
AOJI}KHa npOBOAHTbCSI nepeA MaCCOBbIM BbIJIeTOM KOMapOB I-A reHepa-
U,HH, TO eCTb BO BTOpOt3 noJIOBHHe Masi, AJIH CHH)KeHHSI 1IHCJIeHHOCTH 3nH-
AeMHOJIOrHTieCKH OnaCHbIX KOMapoB.
rlpoAOJi)KaTb ogarosyto o6pa6OTKy Heo6XOAHMO AO TOTO MOMeHTa,
IIOKa B npHpoAe enie BO3MO}KHbI 34)(peKTHBHble 3apa}KeHHA KOMapOB, TO
eCTb AO 15-20 asrycTa.
06pa6oTKy BOAOeMOB CJIeAyeT HagHHaTm npH nOSIBJIeHHH nepBbuX JIH-
gHHOK III B03paCTa, npHMepHO CO BTOpOH nOJIOBHHbI Man. 3aKaH'qHBa-
IOTC5I npOTHBOJIHtIHHOCHbIC MepOnpHSITHSH BO'BTOpOH nOJIOBHHe aBryc!ra
nocae Toro, KaK B BoJ oeMax 6yaeT yHHqTO}KeHa OCHOBHa$I macca JIH1iH-
HOK I B03pacTa nocJIeAHef reHepaI.1HH H TCM CaMbIM yAaCTCSI CHH3HTb
1IHCJIeHHOCTb nepe3HMOBaBIIIHX CaMOK ki o6JIer'IHTb npOBeAeHHe I-rb Ty-
pa o6pa6OTKH BoaoeMOB B 6yuyaLeM roAy.
foc.neayIOWHe JIH4IHHKH MO}KHO He yHHiiTO)KaTb, TaK KaK BbIJIeTato-
nlHe H3 HHX KOMapbi 3nHAeMHOJIorHqeCKH He OnaCHbl.
YllHTuBa$, IITO I-SI reHepaUHSI HMeeT Ba}KHyIO pOJIb B nepeAa1Ie Ma-
JISIpHH, o61ueCTBeHHyio XHMHonpo(pHJIaKTHKy Heo6xoAHMO HagHHaTb ne-
peA BbIJIeTOM reHepal[HH H npoAOJI}KaTb AO Tex n0p, nOKa He 3aKOHLIHTCSI
Ce3OH 9(p(peKTHBHOH 3apa)KaeMOCTH KOMapOB. HaH60JIee II03AHHH CpbK
OKOH9aHH5I XHMHOnPO(pHJIaKTHKH 1 ceHTs16psi.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
O CPOKAX HPOBEAEHHA PAHHEI'O BECEHHETO
fPOTHBOPEUHAHBHOFO JIEgEHHA IIPH MAJI$PHH
M. B. COKOJIOBCJ(AJf
(CaH9nHACTaHuHA r. MOCKBii)
B KOMnJIeKce, npOTHBOMaJu1pHfIHbIX MeponpHs1THH nege6HO-npo4H-
naKTHgecKOrO xapaKTepa 6onbmoe,3HageHHe HMeeT CBOeBpeMeHHOC npO-
BeAeHHe BeceHHero npoTHBOpeuHAHBHOrO JlegeHHH.
BeceHHee npOTHBopeuHgHBHOe JIeveHHe npOBOAHTCB B T. MOCKBe
B CPOKH yK$3aHHble 13 HHCTPYKTHBHO-MCTOAHgeCKHX MaTepHaJIBX opraHOB
3,upaBooxpaHeHHH. OAH8KO, Y HeKOTOpbix 6OJIbHbIX peuHAHBbi Ha6nioAa?
JIHCb AO Ha1gajia npOTHBopeUHAHBHoroo aegeHHSI.
O6paluaJio Ha ce6A BHHMaHHe TO, wro peiHAHBbi, perHcTpHpyeMbie
BO BTOpoki nOAOBHHe cpeBpanx x nepBOfi rOJIOBHHe Mapla, B03HHKJIH
6onbulefi gacTbio y JIHIj, riepe6oneBIUHx MaJrnpHeA B Hosi6pe H AeKa6pe
npeAbiAyigero roAa. 3TH cnygaH He MoryT nOJIHOCTbiO OTHOCHTbCg
K TpeXAHeBHO1f ManxpHH C KOpoTKOlf HHKy6agHeA.
Pa3pa6orKa Hainax MaTepHanOB 3a psiA J1er noKa3aJla, 4T0 npH Tpex
AHeBHOA MaJISIpHH C KOpOTKOFi HHKy6aUHeI3 HHTepBaJI Me]KAy nepBHMHb1-
MH OCTpbIMH npoHBneHHSPMH 1KaJI3IpHH H OTAenbHblMH pelwAHBaMH pa-
BeH B cpeAHeM 8 MecsnjaM H KOJIe6AeTci OT 4 MecgueB Ao roAa,, a npH
Ma.1xpHH C AJ1HTenblof HHKy6auHefl - 1,5-2, pee 2,5 MecsuaM.
HcxoAsi m3 9TOro npeAnoJ1o)KeHHR HaMH 6binH nepeCMoTpeHbi,CpOKH
Hagana,BeceHHero 1POTHBopeiWAHBHorO negeHHSi H 9niu$M, nepe6oneB-
UIHM Tpex gnenHo1l MaJiapae1 B Hosi6pe - Aexa6pe npolmJioro roAa, npo-
THBOpeUHAHBHoe aegeHHe Ha3HagaJiocb B 6onee paHHHe cpoiH - c 20
(pespanr.
BOnbHbie, Hagasmxe aegeHHe B yxa3aHnbu CpOK, BecHOif peuUAHBO3
He AaJIH, B TO BpeMH KaK y 60nbHLJX He nOnyziHBInHX aegeHHe B ycraHOB-
neHHbiif Cp0K BO3HHKaJIH ' peuHAHBbi MaASIPHH.
B AanbHetfineM npOTHBOpeUHAHBHoe negeHHe c 20 (peBpansi Mbi CTanH
Ha3HacaTb He TOJIbKO 60nbHMM, HMeBIIIHM nepBbie OCTpbie nposiBneHHB,
HO H JHuaM, AaBIIIHM peuHAHBbi B Hox6pe - Aexa6pe npoiuJtoro. roAa,
npH 9TOM nonyvHJIH Taxxe x(e pe3ynbTaTbi.
TaKHM o6pa30M, OnUT pa6oTbi, noKa3an, 'T0 Ha3HageHHe npOTHsope-
UHAHBHOFO negeHHH B 6onee paHHHe CpOKH JIHuaM nepe6oJleBIIIHM Tpex-
AHeBHOA Manslpxef B HosI6pe-Aexa6pe MecrUax BnonHe uenecoo6pa3-
HO,H oTCyTCTBHe y HHX peuHAHBOB CBHAeTeAbCTByeT 0 cBoeapeMeHHOCTH
negeHHH, 9TO}f rpynnbi 6oJIbxbwX.
B, CBSI3H C HH3KHM ypOBHeM 3a6oneBaeMOCTH MansipHe1 B HacTosI uee
BpeMsi, npoTHBopeuHAHBnoe negeHHe nepe6oneBuuHM Ma iaptie# Hyx(Ho
npOBOAHTb He B OAHH CpOK, KaK 9T0 66Ufo npH utiipOKOM pacnpOCTpaHe-
HHH 9TOrO sa6oieBaHSiH, a HHAHBHAyanbHO, B 3a$HCHMOCTH OT CPOK8
nepBHgHoro npOHBaeHHH ManHpHH HAM ee PeUHAHBOB B npOUIJIOM may.
21? 323
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
O TPEXI1HEBHOR MAJIAPHH C)1JIHTEJIbHOH H KOPOTKOR
HHKYBALUHER Y HPHE3)KHX H3 ION(HbIX MECTHOCTEH
CCCP
0. B. POMO,IRAHOBCKAJI u M. B. COKOJIOBCKAII
(CaH3nH,gcTaHuug r. MocKBbi)
3a IlocJIeAHHe roAbl pe3K0 cOxpaTHJicsi 3aBO3 B MOCKBy MaJISipHH
c KaBKa3a, H3 CpeAHeH A3HH, HO yAeJibHbIH Bec 60JIbHbIX MaJISipHeH,
npxe3xcalo1uHx orryAa, Bo3poc. CpeAH 60JIbHbIX TpeXAHeBHOH MaJIHpHeH,
upHexaBHIHX H3 IO)KHbIX McCTHOCTeH CCCP, HMeJIHCb 6OJIbHble MaJIHpHe}
KaK C AJIHTeJIbHOH, TaK H C KOPOTKOH HHKy6auHeI3.
AaHHa}I pa60Ta 6bIJIa npOBeAeHa c ueJIbIO yTOxIHeHHH McCT 3apa)Ke-
HHSI MaJISIpHeI3 Ha iore, onpeAeJIeHHH yAeJlbxoro Beca MaJISIpHH c A.nH-
TeJIbHOH HHKy6aUHeH CpeAH JIHu, npHe3?KHX C fora, CPOKOB npOSIBJIeHHId
MaJISIPHH C AJIHTeJIbHOHH HHKy6auHeH, tlHCJIa peUHAHBOB H CpOKOB HX Ha-
CTynJIeHHSI KaK npH MaJIHPHH C AJIHTCJIbHOH, TaK H KOPOTKOH HHKy6auHel.
HaMH 6bIJIH pa3pa6OTaHbI KaPTbI 3KCTpeHHbIX H3BeH.jeHHH 3a TPH 3nH-
AemHvecKHx roAa (1950/51, 1951/2 n 1952/53) H 6bIJIH OTo6paHbl
333 KapTbl, cOCTaBJIeHHbie Ha JIHU, 3a6oJIeBIIIHx TpexAHeBHOH MaJIBpxe}
(C MHKpOCKOnHgieCKH nOATBep}KAeHHbIM RHaFHO30M), 3apa}KeHHe KOTO-
PbIX MOrJIO? npOH30HTH TOJIbKO Ha lore. B apyrax McCTHOCTSIX CoBeTCKO-
r0 C0I03a H MOCKBe pHCK 3apa}KeHHSi a6COJIIOTHO HCKJIioga.ICSI. 143 333
KaPT 62 KapTbi 6bIJiH COCTaBJIeHbI Ha AeTeH Ao 14 .neT. BpeMeHHO Bble3-
}KaJIH B 3nHAeMHTIeCKHH Ce30H MaJi1pHH Ha for 173 qeJIOBeKa H 160 LieJio-
BeK HBJIHJIHCb IIOCTO51HHbIMH )KHTeJISiMH fora HJIH npo6bIBLHHMH TaM AJIH-
TeJlbHoe BpeMH.
BO BpeMSI npe6blBaHH51 Ha lore 113 BCeX JIHu, yKa3aHHbIX B pa6oTe,
HHKTO Ha HHAHBHAyaJIbHOH XHMHOHPO()HJIaKTHKe He COCTOHJI. AHa.IH3y
6bIJiH noABeprHyTbI KaK nepBHIIHbie nPOHBJIeHHSi MaJISIpHH C AJIHTeJIbHOH
H KOpOTKOH HHKy6aUHeH, TaK H peUHAHBbl, B03HHKHIHe B MOCKBe.
ECJIH npHHSITb 3a 100 o6luee LIHCJIO 6OJIbHbIX, 3apa3HBLUHxc3i MaJISI-
pHeH Ha iore, TO 60JIbuie Bcero 60JIbHbIX 6bIJlo H3 3aKaBKa3bH - 40,6%,
3aTeM H3 CpeAHeH A3HH H CeBepHoro KaBKa3a - 27,6 % H 27,3%.
B KpbIMy 3apa3HJIOCb 9 qe.AOBeK (2,7%) H B MO.nAaBHH - 6 gejioseK
(1,8%). H3 3apa3HBIIIHXC5I B 3aKaBKa3be 6OJIbLUa$i TiaCTb 6OJIbHbIX npH-
exana H3 I'py3HH H A3ep6aHAxKana.
1'13 80 6OJIbHbIX MaJislpHel, 3apa3HBHIHXCH B Fpy3HH, 27 3apa3HJIHCb
B CyxyMH, iiTO MO}KHO O6,bSICHHTb 6OJIbHIHM KOJIHqeCTBOM JIHIU, Bble3-
?KaloLuHX H3 MOCKBbI Ha OTAbIX B CyxyMH, qeM B ApyrHe McCTa 1`py3HH.
Ha L1epHOMOpCKOM Io6epe)Kbe CeBepHoro KaBKa3a H Fpy3HH 3a 3 roAa
3apa3HJIOCb MaJIHpHel 77 gejiOBeK. DTO TaK}Ke MO}KHO CB5I3aTb C 60JIb-
n1HM B'be3AOM MOCKBHgeM B 3TH McCTHOCTH.
1'13 333 6OJIbHbIX TpeXAHeBHOH MaJISIpHel, MaJISIpHeH C AJIHTeJIbHOH
HHKy6auHeH 6oJle.no 97 (29,1%). Heo6xoAHMO no.r 1epKHyTb, 'iTO LIHC.nO
3a6o.leBaHHH C KOpOTKOH HHKy6aUHeH, HeCOMHeHHO, npeyMeHbuIeHO, TaK
KBK O Tex JIHuax, XOTOpble 6oJIeJiH Ha lore H He Aa.IH B MOCKBe peuHAH-
sa, ropOACKaSI npOTHBOMaJISIpHI-IHaMI CTaHuHH nOJlyliaJIa H3BeMeHHH JIHHIb
B oTAeJlbHbIX CJIyga5ix.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
BoJxbnle Bcero 60JIbHbIX MalISIpHef C JLJIHTeJIbHOfi HHKy6auHefyi 6bIJio
cpeAH 6oJrbHbIX MaJIHpHei, npHexaaui ix H3 3aKaBKa3bg, - 31,8 % (43
H3 135) H HaHMeHbIIIee KOJIHqeCTBO - H3 Cpe.I Hefi A3HH - 23,9 %
(22 H3 92). B A3ep6affjuKaHe 3apa3HJIoCb MaJrnpHeff C ,IjJIHTeJIbHO i HH-
Ky6auHeH 10 geJIOBeK. 143 ApMeHHH 3a Bce 3 ro,ga npxexa.lo TOJIbKO
5 6oJIbHbIX MaJIHpHeIi C KOpOTKOf3 HHKy6auHeli. Ha CeBepHOM KaBKa3e
3apa3HJIOCb MaJiHpHefi C AJIHTeJIbHOfi HHKy6aUHeff 27,5% BCeX 6oJIbHbIX
MaJISIpaeiI, npHexaBIIIHX orTy,ga.
IIO CpaBHeHH1O C nOCTOSIHHO HJIH ILJIHTeJIbHO npo)KHBaBIIIHMH Ha
lore B rpynne JIHu, Bble3}KaBIIIHX 1-ia for Ha 1-3 MecsIua, 6oJIbHbIx
Ma.IHpHeIi C JjJIHTeJIbHOH HHKy6aILHeff 6bIJio 60JIbuIe (59 H 97). 11po-
,gOJI)KHTeJibHOCTb J(JIHTeaabHOH HHKy6aUHH y 60JIbHbIX c fora 6bma
pa3JIHgHaH.
rlo rpynne BpeMeHHO Bbie3%aBIIIHX Ha for MbI Z[ejiailH n0nbITKy onpe-
j[eJIHTb IIpO.J OJI}KHTeJIbHOCTb J[JIHTeJIbHOf HHKy6auHH. rlpO4OJI}KHTeJIb-
HOCTb HHKy6aUHI MorJia 6bITb OT 4,5 JLO 13 MecHljeB, HO galue 6bufa
9-11 McCHueB.
rlpH pa3pa6OTKe MaTepxaxOB HaMH 6bIJIH BbIsiBJIeHbl 3a6oJieBaHHH
B pH,ge ceMeH, BpeMeHHO Bble3}KaBIIIxx Ha 10r, B KOTOpbIX 6MJIH 6oJfbHbie
MaJIHpHeII KaK C KOpOTKOfi, TaK H C JWIHTeJIbHOfi HHKy6aUHeH.
rlpH MaJIHpHH C AJIHTeJIbHOFi HHKy6aUHeFi nOqTH Bce peuHJ(HBbi B03-
HHKaJIH Y 6OJIbHbIX qepe3 1,5-2 Mecgua, igTO xapaKTepHO A.na MaJ1HpHH
c JjJIHTeJIbHOfi HHKy6aiwei. PeIHAHBbI B MOCKBe HaCTyfHJIH y 15 lIeJIo-
BCK (14,5%). BOJlbine O1 HOTO pegHJjHBa HH Y KOrO He 6biJIO 3aperHCTpH-
pOBaHO. lbpoI[eHT we peUH.l HBOB cpegH 6OJIbHbHX MaxApxeri, 3apa3HB-
IIIHXCH Mali ipHeI3 C JjJIHTeJIbHOH HHKy6auHeFi Ha ceBepe HJIH B cpeiwea
nOJioce CCCP, 3a 9TH xce 9nHAOMHgeCKHe ro.g i 20,5 (H3 236 6OJIbHbfz
MaJIHpHei C J[JIHTeJlbHOH HHKy6aUHeFi HMeJIH peLHJgHBbI 48). flOwTH Bce
peIHJjHBbI B03HHKJIH B oceHHHe McC$I bI nocJle KOHua XHMHO-npo(uHJI.aK-
THKH.
rlpH MSJIHPHH C KOpOTKOH HHKy6aUHefi H3 1052 genOBeK, J;aaIIIHX
nepBHqxoe npouBJieHxe a MocKBe H npowweJ(IiIxx CHCTeMaTHqecKOe H npO-
TH90peuHAHBHoe iiegieHHe, TOJIbKO 15 HMeJIH OTJLaJleHHble peuHJlHBbf.
Bcero }Ke c OTJ[aJIeHHbIMH peUHJ[HBaMH 3a 3 roga 6b1J10 317 geJIOBeK, H3
HHX 110 nepBbie npHCTynbI MaJIHpHH HMeJIH Ha fore, Ha npOTHBOpeUH1 HB-
Hoe JlegeHHe B MOCKBe He nonaJIH. B 3TOfi rpynne 6i uio 23 gejiOBeKa,
HMeBIIIHX 1OBTOpHbie peIHAHBbi, HeCMOTp$I Ha TluaTeJlbHOe AegeHHe npH
nepBHqHOM o6paIUeHHH B MOCKBe. BOJIbIUHHCTBO H3 HHX npHexa.no H3
Y36eKHCTaHa.
rlpH auaJIH3e 0 BpeMeHH nepBHYHOro 3a6oJlesaHHH H BpeMeHH Ha-
CTynJIeHHH oTJ[aJIeHHoro peuHJjHBa y 108 6oJIbHbIX MbI BbIHCHHJIH,, WO
HHTepBaJi 6bIJi paBen, B cpeAHeMM, 8 McCHuaM H KOne6a ics OT 4 AO 12 Me-
csueB. 14HTepBaJIbI HaH60JIbiueIi npOJjOJI3KHTeJIbHOCTH 6bIJIH OTMeqeHbI
y npHexaBmHX H3 3aKaBKa3bH H CpenHefi A3HH. BOJIbIIIHHCTBO peuHJ[H-
BOB perHCTpHpOBaJIOCb B Mae H HIOHe. CpeJgH 6oJIbHbIX.Ma.I5Ipue, npH-
exaBIIIHX 143 CpeAHeii A3HH, OTMegaeTCH HavaJio npOHBJIeHHfi peUHAHBOB
OgeHb paHO, B 3HMHHe McCHuhI, H OHH HPOJ1OJI}Ka10TCH AO HIOJIH BKJIIO-
gHTeJIbHO.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
f EJIbMHHTbI H KHWEgHbJE IIPOCTERWHE Y AETER,
CTPAAAIOIUHX XPOHHgECKOR AH3EHTEPHER
Kama. ,Kea. maylc
T. C. IHEJIJI17HHA. A. A. 17OKPOBCKAH. E. (P. PO)ZHOHOBA
(CaH3nHACTaHUHH r. MOCKBbl)
B oTegecTBeHHolri JIHTepaType 3a nocneAHHe r0abi yAeJIBeTc51 60JIb-
in a BHHMaHHe BOnPOCy BJIHHHHSI reJIbMHHTOB H KHIuegHbIX npOCTeI%uIHX
Ha TerleHHe OCTpOH H XpOHH4eCKoIi AH3eHTepHH.
O6cJIeAOBaHHe HaceJieHHSI Ha reJIbMHHTbI H KHIne'IHble npOCTeI3mHe
noIta3aJIO, qTO napa3HTbl 9TH AoBOJIbHO 4aCTO BCTpeqalOTCH Y AeTeA,
CTpaAaIOII.LHX XpOHHyeCKOfI AH3eHTepHeH. B CBSI3H C 3THM Bpa4aMH
napa3HTOJIorHuecp pro OTAeJIa I'OpOACKOH CaH3nHACTaHuHH 6bIJIH 06-
CJIeAOBaHbI Bce np0q)HJIHpOBaHHbie SICJIH H AOMa pe6eHKa r. MOCKBbI H
AeTajlbHO H3ygeHa nopa)KeHHOCTb AeTeH reJIbMHHTaMH H JISIM6JIHSIMH
3a 1953-56 rr.
Bcero o6c.leAOBaHo 3790 AeTeL, H3 HHx reJIbMHHTbI o6Hapy)Kexbl
y 504 (13,3%) H JIHM6JIHH y 1132 (29,8%). 110 oTAeJlbHblM AeTCKHM
KOJIJIeKTHBaM nopa)KeHHOCTb AOCTHra.Ia 35% H 60% COOTBeTCTBeHHO.
Haa60JIee 4aCTO H3 reJlbMHHTOB napa3HTHpOBaJIH KapJIHKOBbIH ueneHh
H aCKapHAbl, H3 npOCTeiIuHX - JISIM6JIHH.
LIaCTOTa napa3HTHpOBaHHSI reJIbMHHTOB H JISIM6JIHH y AeTeI 60JIbHbIX
AH3eHTepHeH, Bbl3BaHHOH pa3JIHlHbIM BHAOM MHKpo6a, npeACTaBJIe1ia
B Ta6JlHue J& I (no AaHHbIM HeCKOJIbKHX yqpe}KAeHHH).
Ta6aii ua M I
rpynna 6onbHax xpoaH ecKol
AH3enrepxeu
Bcero
6onbHb,X
renbMHHTeMH I JI9M6nH5IMH
Q>aelcCHepa . . . . . . . .
3oHHe ..... .....
Hblo-KecTnsl . . . . . . .
HeBbiceBaiouiHe . . . . .
198
187
69
1151
Bcero I ?/o?% I Bcero
23
32
5
136
65
56
25
361
32,8
29,9
36,2
31,3-
TBKHM 06pa3OM, y HaIIIHx 6OJIbHbIX reJlbMHHTbI HaH6oaiee 9aCTo
BCTpemaJIHCb npH AH3eHTepHH 30HHe, J151M6JIHH )Ke HeCKOJIbKO value
y 6OJIbHbIX AH3eHTepHeH, Bbl3BaHHofi naJIOIIKOH Hb10-KeCTJISI.
Tlpii H3yqeHHH KapT HHAHBHAyaJIbHorO pa3BHTHSI pe6eHKa, npe)KAe
Bcero o6paiuana Ha ce6x BHHMaHHe AMHTeJlbHOCTb npe6bIBaHH51 AeTe1
B y4pe}KAeHHH AJ151 60JIbHbIX XpOHH'IeCKOH AH3eHTepHeH. 143 HH}KenpeA-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
CTaBJIeHHOA Ta6JIHUbi )6 2 BHAHO, WO HanggHe KHIneyHbWX napa9HTO13
3HagHTeJIbHO yAJIHH$1 T npOAOJI?KHTeAbHO=b npe6b1BaHHSI :1 ereA B
AaHHbIX yqpeBCAeHHHX.
Ta6anaa.2
CpoK npe6deaaxa a npocpaaapoaaHHOM
ygpeKAeHNH
CTyA
acero I 0100/0
,AH3eHTepHAHa5 naAO9xa +
reAbM HHTbt
100
19
19
81
81
,AH3eHTepH11Ha8 naAo4Ka +
AHM6J[HH
204
57
27,5
147
72
AH3eHTepH11Has naAOYKa
reAbMH}ITIA
167
37
22
130
77,8
AH3eHTepHI1HaA naAo9Ka
AAM6AHH
421
99
23,5
322
76,5
AH3eHTepHlHaa naAonxa
-1- r eA b M H H TBI-AH M 6A H H
133
57
43
76
57
.AH3eHTepH11Ha8 naAo9Ka
. reAbMHHTbl-AAM6AHH
199
117
56
82
41
B Ta6nHUe N2 3 npHBeAexbl H3MeHeaHSI Beca H XapaKTepa cTy,Jla y
AeTeA, 60nbHbIX XpOHHleCKOA AH3eHTepHet%, nOCne AerCnbMHHTH3auHH
H negeHHA OT nggM6nHO3a.
1'pynna
6oabHblx
IiH3eHTe-
pHt H8sl na-
Ao9Ka reAb-
MHHTbI
AH3eHTe-
pHl#HaB na-
Aouxa AHM6-
.HH
Bcero
60Ab-
Hblx
IIH3eHTe-
pHHHBH na-
AO9Ka renb-
MHHTbi
,AH3eHTe-
p Hf1HaH na-
ao*+xa JIHM6-
AMH
215
acero I olo?~
Hop- I
MBAH-
3oBaA-
Bea
H3Me-
__-____x
BbIA Hop-
MaxbHblfl
H AO Ae-
9eHHSI
YxyA-
me-
HHe
fp
Ka 5
200
H6aB-
00,0
0 rp.
6e3
H3M
HeH
e=
H11
YMeHb-
uleHHe
Bcero
40
13
9
4
9
13
0/0010
64,5
20,9
14,5
7
9,0
20
,9
Bcero
60
27
4
7
4'
17
0/0 0/0
65,9
29,6
4,3
8
1,3
18
,6
?
Bcero
59
25
9
8
0
13
0/00/0
63,4
26,8
14,5
8
6,0
14
,8
Bcer
o
154
50
11
20
0
11
4
0/o 0/0
71,6
23,2
5,1
9
3,0
5
,1
1,8
327
.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
TaKHM o6pa3oM, ycneUlHasi JLereJIbMHHTH3aUHSi H Jie4eHHe OT JIHM6-
JI11O3a B OrpOMHOM 6oJIburHHCTBe c iyuaeB npHBeJ!H K yJIy4IneHHIO CTyJIa
AO HopMaJlH3aLHH H npH6aBKH B BeCe Ha 500-2000 rp., a TaK}Ke
3Ha4HTeJlbHO YJIYLILIIHJIOCb caMOgYBCTBHe 3THX I eTeII. l-lpH 3TOM Heo6-
XOAHMO OTMeTHTb, LITO JLO H3JIe'eHH5I KHIIIe4HbIX napa3HTOB MHOrO-
tiHCJIeHHble MeTO) bI cneuH4)H'IeCKoro JIegeHHSI OT JLH3eHTepHH y AeTeH
BbICeBBBHJHX AH3eHTepHI1HYIO naJiOIIKy He AaBaJIH }KeJIaeMoro 34)()eKTa
H CTYJI npoJLOJflKaJI OCTaBaTbCSI HeyCTOHLIHBbIM.
IZpH o6cJieIOBaHHH 3THX y'pe}KJLeHHH o6paluana Ha ce6H BHH-
MaHHe rpynna 6OJIbHbIX, Y KOTOpbIX HHKOrAa He BblceBBJlacb aH3eH-
TepHI3H1Sl naJIOgKa, HO H!MeJIHCb KHIIIe4Hble napa3HTbl. 143 Ta6JIHubi N4 2
BHAHO, 'ITO 76,5-77,8% 3THX aeTeii HaXOnHJIHCb B y'pe)KAeHHSIX JLJIq
6OJIbHbIX XPOHH4eCKOI3 ,1LH3eHTepHeH OT 7 McCSIueB Jjo rona H 6o.iee.
1-loKa3aTe.IeM JjJisi CTOJIb ILJIHTeJIbHoro COAep}KaHHSI 3THX 6OJIbHbIX B
YKa3aHHbIX SICJIHX B OCHOBHOM SIBJISIJICH HeyCTOiP'HBbIi CTyJI. JIe'eHHe
OT KHuie'IHbIX napa3HTOB npHBeJIO y 6oJIbLLIHHCTBa 3THX ILeTeH K HOpMa-
JIH3aUHH CTyJIa H npH6aBKe B Bece. Y'HTbIBaBI 3TO MO)KHO npeJLrio-
JIO}KHTb, LITO B 3TOH rpynne JieTec B pgAe cny'aeB npH4HHOH HeycToH-
4HBOTO CTyjia 6bIJIO HaJIH'He reJIbMHHTOB HJIH JISIM6JIHH. OAHaKO, pOJIb
KHLIIe4HbIX napa3HTOB B pa3BHTHH I HC(PYHKUHH KHLIIe4HHKa He BcerAa
Y4HTbIBaeTC51 McJLHUHHCKHMH pa60THHKaMH. TaK H3 588 JLeTei%, HHKOraa
He BblcesaBUIHX JLH3eHTepHIhHyIO naJio4Ky, JIe'eHO OT KHLIIe4HbIx
napa3HTOB 6bIJIO TOJIbKO 308 4e.IOBeK. OCTa.IbHi a AeTH, KO JLHiO Ha-
uiero o6cJIe,L osaHHH OCTaBaJIHCb He JIe'eHHbIMH, HeCMOTp' Ha JLJIH-
TeJIbHoe npe6blBanae HX B y'pe)KAeHHH H Ha nonHyio 6e3ycneuiHOCfb
creuH4)H4eCKOrO Jiegen i no nOBOJLy 6aKTepHanbnoli AH3eHTepHH. Ta-
hoe we HBJIeHHe OTMe'eno H B rpynne AeTeik, BbICeBaIOaLHX JLH3eHTe-
pHI3HYIO naJiO'Ky (H3 304 HHBa3HpoBaHHbIX npojiegeHo OT KHIIIe4HbIX
napa3HTOB 153).
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
I'EJIbMHHTbJ Y PA&OTHHKOB CJIY)KBbI ABH)KEHHB
METPOIIOJIHTEHA
H. A. CAMOOAJI. K. M. )K,1AHOBA. A. H. I7JIHCEL(KA)7
(CaH3nHACTaHuHA r. MOCKBM )
B MocKse ex(eroAHO npoBOAHTC$I Maccosoe o6sneILosaHHe pa3JIHV-
HbIX rpynri ~ HaceneHHH Ha reJIbMHHTbI. OAHaKO, reJIbMHHTO(payHa y
pa60THHKOB McTpOIIOJIHTeHa AO HaCTOAIILero BpCMeHH He H3y4eHa.
r103TOMy MbI nPOBeJIH o6CJIeI oBaHHe pa60THHKOB CJIy)K6b1 ABHDKeHHH
IZoxpoBCKoro paAHyca. l1'OAO6HOe o6cJleAOBaHHe npOBOAHJIOCb BnepBble.
Cnyx(6a ABHxceHHH o6ecnegHaaeT npHeM H OTnpaBJIeHHe noe3AOB,
oxpaHy ToHHeae%, npoAaxcy npoe3AHb1x 6HJIeTOB, KOHTPOJIb 6HneTOB?
npH B,oJ.e, Ae)KypCTBa Y 3CKaJIaTOpOB, y6opKy BeCTH61one 1, nJIaT(pOpM
H Ha3eMHOA TeppHTOpHH BecTH6lonet.
Bcero 66ino o6cJleAosaHo 851 genoseK, npeHxayuieCTBeHHO )KeH-
IZHH, TaK KaK OHH COCTaBJIHIOT OCHOBHOI1 KOHTHHreHT pa60THHKOB CJIy}K-
6bI A~BH)KeHHH.
T
l to BoapaCTy Ao 20 ne'r 6biJio 60 veJloseK, OT 20 Ao 40 neT - 697,
OT 40 JIeT H cTapme - 94 genoBexa. TI~lo npo(peccHHM cpeAH o6cneAO-
BaHHbIX JIHg 6NJIO 644 genOBeK RCll, H3 HHX HHBa3HPOBaHHbIX 145.
(22,5%); y6opiuHu o6cneAOBaHO 143, BbIHSneHO c renbMHHTaMH 42
(29,3%) , KaCCHPOB - 64, H3 HHX ,HHBa3HpOBaHO 11 i1eJ1OBeK, TO
eCTb 11%.'
TaKHM o6pa30M, 'IipK o6cneAOBaHHH pa`60THHKOB Cny)K6b1 ABH)KeHHSI
11oKpOBCKorro paAHyca 6btno BbIHBJI HO 198 geiOBeK c renbMHHTaMH,.
To eCTb 23% oT mHCna o6CJIeJLOBaHHbIX. 1'13 HHX 184 qenoaexa 6bino t
aCKaPHABMH (21,6%), 10 JIHIX C BnacoraaBOM (1,1%). KpoMe Toro
n PH B3HTHH CMbIBOB C pyK HeKOTOpbIX KaCCHPII1 H KOHTpOnepOB 6bIJIH.
Taxxce 06Hapy?KeHb1 HHIia rCJU MHHTOB y 5 KeJIOBeK. Ha 6 CTAHWMX renb-
MHHTb1 6bIJIH 06HapyxceHbi B CMbIBaX C r1OAJiOKOTHHKOB y KaCC, Ha HH
KHJIHpOBaHHbIX 6apbepax y KOHTPOJIH H Ha 3CKanaTOPHbIX neHTaX.
TaKHM o6pa30M, HccneAOBaHHe nOKa3ano, 4TO Me6enb H 060pyAO-
BaeHHe B noMenleHHHX Cny}K6b1 ABH)KeHHH 3arp53H3110TCH He9HCTOnnOT-
HbIMH nK)AbMH KaK naCCa)KHpaMH, TaK H COTPYAHHKaMH.
110nyTieHHbie pe3ynbTaTb1 6bIJ1H AOJIOxceHbl H O6Cy}KAeHbI HHa coBe-
iuaHHHX Bpagell H HaqanbHHKOB CTaHIUH}T 11oKpOBCKorO H ApyrHX
paAHyCOB McTpOnOJIHTeHa.
11poBeAeHHas pa6oTa noMorna BbIHBHTb He TOJIbKO HHB83HpOBaH-
HbIX renbMHHTaMH H nponecTH aetieHHe pa60THHKaM Cny)K6b1 ABH)KeHHA
IZOKPOBCKOro pajHyCa, HO H BbIpa6OTaTb KOHKpeTHble MepOnpHHTHH
no, o3AOpOBneHHIO 'H OXpaHe BHeu1HeH CpeAbI B nOMeuxeHHHX McTpOn0JIH
'Fella, aKTHBHO RPHBJ1eqb K 3TOH pa6oTe He TOJIbKO McAHUHHCKHX pa6oT-
HHKOB, HO. H aAMHHHCTpaTHBHO-HBLiaJIbCTBy1OII(HH COCTaB Cny3K6b-
,ILBH%eHHH.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
OIibIT 1IEHTPAJIH30BAHHOTO Y9ETA 60JIbHb1X
FEJIbMHHTO3AMId Ii0 KAPTAM 3KCTPEHHOTO
H3BEMEHH51
A. A. 17OKP0BCKAH
(CaH3nHACTaHI(HB r. MOCKBU)
B 1953 r. B MOCKBe, B HOPHAKe onbrra, 6bin BBeAeH ueHTpaJIH3OBaH-
Hbifi ytieT 6OJIbHbIX TeHH030M, TeHHaPHHXO3OM, rHMCHOnenHAO30M H
AH(4HJIJI06oTpH03oM HO KaPTaM 3KCTpeHHOrO H3Beu eHHSI ((iopMa Ni, 58),
o6uienPHH5iTb1x AJIH perHCTpauHH oCTpo-3Yapa3HbIX 60JIbHbIX. BBeAeHHe
TaKOfi perHCTpauHH HMeJIO IjeJIbIO OCyII[eCTBJIeHHe nOJiHOTO yHeTa 6oJIb-
HbIX, CBoe$peMeHHYIO HX rOCnHTaJIH3aIUHIO H KOHTPOJlb 3a AHcnaHcepH3a-
uHefi.
3a 1954-1955 rr. B flapa3HTOJIorH4eCKHfi oTAen I.OPOACKOfI CaH-
3nHACTaHIjHH npeACTaBJIeHO 9263 xapTbi 3KCTpeHHOI'O H3BeIIjeHHSI Ha
6OJIbHbIX reJIbMHHT03aMH, KOTOpble 6bIJIH pa3pa6oTaHbl no OTAeJIbHbIM
HHBa3HSIM.
HO HamIHM MaTepHa.IaM 60JIbHbie TeHHO3OM, TeHHaPHHX03OM, rHIMe-
nOngnHA03OM H AH()HJIJI06oTpHO30M perHCTPHPYIOTCSi B Telleawe BCero
rOAa. OAHaKO, no ecsiuHasi AHHaMHKa HX pa3JIHqHa. TaK, BbIHBJIeHHP
bOJIbHbIX TeHH030M, TeHHaPHHXO3OM no MecsiuaM HAeT AOBOJIbHO paB-
HOMepHO. B TO we BpeMSH BHAHO,.'ITO 60JIbIIIee LIHCJIO cjly'aeB naAaeT
Ha nepBblfi H BTOpofl KBapTaJlbi rOAa,(515 x 406 cny'iaeB); B'111 H IV
.KBapTanax 3aperHCTpHPOBaHo Mexbiuee HHCJIO 6OJIbHbHX (321 H 276).
POCT TeHHapHHX03a B nepBOM H BTOpOM KBapTaJlaX CTOHT, nO-BHAH-
MOMy, B np$MOfl CB93H C nePHOAOM Maccosoro y6o5i cxoTa B oceHHe-
.3HMHHe Mecxubi npeAbuAyuiero roAa.
110 AH(4HJIJIO6OTpH03y nOKBapTaJlbHO 3a o6a rOAa 3aperHCTpxpO-
BaHO 53, 41, 66 H 60 cJly'laeB. Bce cJiytiaH HPHB03Hbie H3 pa3JIx'IHbIX
McCTHOCTei COBeTCKOTO CoIo3a.
rloMecsIuHasi AHHaMHKa rlMeHdnenHAO3a AaeT HHYlO KapTHHy. rH-
.MeHOJIenHAO3 HBHO CHH}KaeTCSI B JIeTHHe McCSilbI (HIOHb, HIOAb', aBryCT)
H pe3KO BO3paCTaeT C SIHBapHI no Mafi H C OKT5i6pl no AeKa6pb, LITO CBSI-
3aHO, B nePBylO otiepeAb, c npOBOAHMbIM B 3T0 BpeMA MaCC.OBbiM 06Cne-
AOBaHHeM Ha reJibMHHT03bI AeTeH Sicnefl, AeTCKHX CaAOB H I1KOJIbHHKOB.
CneAyeT y'ieCTb H (aKTOp KOHTaKTa npH.60JIee.AJIHTeJIbHOM npe6blBa-
HHH AeTefi B noMeuleHHH B OceHHe-3I1MHH4 MecSIUbi.
B OTHOIUeHHH TeHHHA030B, no pa3pa6oTaHHbIM HaMH AaHHbI.M BHA-
HO, 4TO 60JIbHbie TeHHHAO3aMH 6bIJIH 3aperHCTpHPOBaHbI BO Bcex paH-
oJIa:x ropoAa B npeaenax 15-20 Ao 50 cJly'aeB B roA. I4CKnlo'IeHHe
COCTaBJI'i T )KAaHOBCKHfi pafloH, rAe 6bin BbIHBaeH olqar. AaHno# HHBa-
3HH cpeAH pa6o'iHX MSICOKOM6HHaTa HM. MHKOAHa.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
HaH6oJibluee 'HCJIO 6OAbHbIX TeHHaPHHXO3OM 6i uzo cocpeAoTogeHO
B cHpbeBOM y6oAHOM:x KHaiegHOM mix. Pa6o'He 9THX uexoB, no
YCAOBH$M pa60TH HMe1OT AOCTyn K T'yutaM AO npoxo)KAeHHR BeTepH-
IlapHo-caHHTapHoro KoRTpomi. CaeAyeT TaK}Ke OTMeTHTb, 'iTO MHOrHe
pa6ouHe MRCOKOM6HHaTa HMeIOT npHBhl'lKy ynOTpe6AHTb B nHuly ma-'
poe MRCOr
AHan13 HBIUHX AaHHHXnoKa3aA,WO KpynHbIMH nenHRMH (6HUbHM
H CBHHHM) 3a axceHm npeHMyluecTBeHHO B3pOCAHe. H3 1522 cnyyaes
1368 HAH 89.9% naAaer Ha BspocJHx. 143 o6iuero'HcJIa 3a6onesmxx
(BSpocnmx) OCHOBHyI0 Maccy 1044 gei. cocTawARIOT ]KeHuuHHH.
fO'ITH TpeTm acex 6onbHHx (31,4%) coCTaaAneT rpynna AoMOxo-
sAeK, AoMpa6oTHHII H Hepp6oTalouulx (neHCHOHepN, HKEAHBeHUH), TO-
eCTb AHIIa, npeHMylueCTBeHHO CBBSBHHHe c npHrOTOBAeHHeM nHMH B
AOMam4HX yCAOBHRX. B TO xce BpeMR ? Ha ' Aano pa60THHKOB nHlueBbiX
y'IpeX(AeHHd npHXOAHJIOCb,npxMepHO 9% acex BHRBJIeHHHx 6oJIbHHx.
H, HaKOHeu, rpynna pa6o'Hx H cjly)caluax, cpeAH KOTO bIX 6HAH AH-
Ila caMbix pasxoo6pa3HHx npo(pecdH11, cocTaBARna 42,5%, 3aperHcTpH-
pOBaHHblx 6onbHHx. H B 9TOI3 rpynne 6HAd MHOro nHu, 3aHHMaloIIIHx-
CR AOMaiuHHM X03511tCTBOM, TaK KaK )KeHIgHH CpeAH HHX 6HAo 85%.
npHB03Hme c iygaH COCTaBJIHJI 4 HeBHCOKHl3 npOIIeHT ()47 cJlygaeB,
To eCTb 10,8,% oT o6ntero 'Hcna B3POCAHX 6oAbHHx). OCTSAbHMe,
82,2% naAaIOT Ha cjiygaH 3apa)KeHHA gepe3 MRCO, npHO6peTeHHoe B
Mara3HHSX H Ha PHHKBX r. MOCKBH. He HCKJ O'i HH OTAenbHHe cny-
gaH npHB03a MRca 6es npoxo)KAeHHR BeTepHHapHorO KOHTpOJR.
no KapTaM BKcTpeHHOFO H3BemeHHR B 1954-1955 rr, 3aperllcTpH-
poBaHo 225 geaOBeK, 3apa)KeHHHX IIIHpOKHM AeHTeuoM, H3 HId )KeH-
UL}IH - 144, MyMC'HH -81. f o'TH ace HHBa3HppBaHHHe B3pOCAHe (209
H3 225). JLeTH coc aBammT 7,1 % Bcex cJlygaes. H npH AaHHOII HHBa3HH
CpeAH 3a6oneBIUHX oTMegaeTCR BEJCOKHIl( yAenbHHA Bec Affil, SaHHMa-
JOUgiiiXCR AOMaIUHHM X03Af CTBOM.
KaK yKa3HBaAOCb BHUie, Bce cJlygaH 9TO11 HHBa3HH npHB03HHe.
CpeAH HHX BEMARIOTCR onpeAeJIeHHHe McCTHOCTH CoBeTcxoro C0lo3a,
OTKy) a 3aBe3eH Jl i(pHAA06OTpH~r03 - .T1eHHHrpaAcxaa H A0xaHrenbCKaa
o6AacTH, KapenbCKas ACCP, I(OMH ACCP H CH6Hpb.
rHMeHoaenHA03a 3a 1954-1955-rr. 3aperHCTpHpoBaxo 7516 cnyg.
LIHCAO iffjlygaeB rHMeHOAenHA03a no OTAenbHHM pa%OHaM ropoAa pe3-
xo Kone6JIeTCR (oT 31 Ao 395 B 1954 r. H OT 44 Ao 605 B 1955 r).
YgeT 60AbHblx rHMeHoAenHA030M no KapTaM 9KCTpexxoro H3Beule-
UH9 H nocneAylolua$ pa3pa60TKa Hx noMOrJIH BHSIBHTb ogarH 9TOfc
HHBa3HH B AeTCKHX KOAJIeKTHBax, B OCHOBHOM, AOUIKOAbHorO B03paCTa.
TaKHe OgarH HHBa3HpoBaHHOCTH K8JIHKOBHM uenneM (naTb H 6o-
.nee ciygaeB) 6HAH saperHCTpxposaHH B 27 AeTCKHX caAax, 9 hcnsx,
2-x AoMax pe6eHKa, 7 AeTAoMax. '
HauIH MaTepHaJI nOJIHOCTbi6 noATBep}KAaIOT H3BeCTHOe nOAO)Ke-
HHe O TOM, WO rHMeHOAenHA03, npeHMylueCTBeHHO, pacnpocTpaHeH
CpeAH AeTei'1, XOTR H He HBJIBeTC I HCKJIIO'HTeJIbHO ?AeTCKO f 60Ae3HbIO).
B3poc.nble, no HaIUHM MaTepxanaM, COCTaBJAHIOT 10% o6iuero 'HCJI3'
60JIbHHx (749 tleA.), npHgeM 60;%1. H3 HHX COCTaBAR1oT )KeHIuHHM. Tlpo-
331
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
aeHT BbISIBJIeHHbIX 6oJIbHbIx K LIHCJIy o6c.neAOBaHHbIX AeTefi pa3JIHTIHbIX
Bo3pacTHblx rpynn COCTaBJISIJI B 1954-1955 rr: no RCJIBM 0,25-0,4,
AeTCKHM caaaM 0,6-0,7 H IIIKOJIaM 0,6%.
T1o HaIIIHM AaHHIIM rHMeHo.nenHA63 B paBHOfI Mepe paCnpOCTpaHen
KaK cpeAH AeTefi AeTCKHX CaAOB, THK H CpeAH IUKOJIbHHKOB. HeCKOJIbKo
HH}Ke nopa}KeHHOCTb cpeAH SECeJIbHbIX AeTefi.
TaKHM o6pa30M, Ham MaTepHa.lbl OTHIOAb He XapaKTepH3yloT rH-
McHOJIenHA03 KaK 3a6oJIeBaHHe npeHMylueCTBeHHO paHHerO AeTCKOrO
B03paCTa. 1-10pa}KeHHOCTb CTapIIIHX AeTCKHX KOHTHHreHTOB, B LIaCTHOCTH
AeTefi IIIKOJIbHOrO B03paCTa, Aa,,Ke npeBbluzaeT TaKOByIO cpeAH AeTei
paHHerO B03paCTa. ,
TIgaTeJlbHoe H3ytleHHe KapT 31CCTpeHHOrO H3Bea[eHHSI nOKa3ajio, LITO
BBeAeHHe nOCJIeAHHX n03BOJISIeT OCy111 CTBJH1Tb 6onee nOJlHblfi ytleT
6oJIbHbIX, BbIS1BJISITb HaH60JIee nopa?KeHHble KOHTHHreHTbl, otiarH
OTAeJlbHbiX reJIbMHHT030B, Mecra 3apa}KeHHSI, LiTO AaeT BO3MO}KHOCTb
6oJlee yrJIy6JIeHHO H o60CHOBaHHO fOAOHTH K OCyiueCTBJIeHH10 Jletle6-
H0-npOTHB03nHAeMH,iecxllx H caHHTapfO-npocpHJIaKTHtIecxxx Mepo-
npHSITHfi.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
K OI(EHKE METOAOB JIABOPATOPHOR AHArHOCTHKH
rEJI bM H HT030 B
H. H. IIPOHFIHA
(C8H3nIACTaH9K% r. MocKBbi)
B MOCKBe, B OCHOBROM, BcTpeqalOTCH 7 BHAOB re.nbMHHT030B. JL&JIA
BbISIBJIeHHSI 60JIbHbIX reJIbMHHT03aMH e)KerOAHO IIpOBOAHTCSI macco-
Boe o6cneAOBaHHe pa3J1HIIHbix rpynn HaceneHH51 (Ao 1500000 tIeJI.)
- HaH6onee pacnpocTpaHeHHbwMH McToAaMH Jia6opaTOpHoro Hccne-
mOBaHHSI 3KCKpeMeHTOB Ha reJIbMHHTbI SIBJISIIOTCSI HaTHBHbIfi Ma30K H
McTOA (DIOJIJIe6OPHa.
06 94X eKTHBHOCTH 3THX McTOAOB AO HaCTOSIn[ero BpeMeHH cyme-
CTByIOT caMbie pa3HOpelHBbie MHeHHSi.
TaK COTpyAHHKH HHCTHTYTa Ma.lsipHH, McAHUHHCKOli napa3HTOJIO-
rHH H reJIbMHHTOJIOTHH MHHHCTepCTBa 3ApaBooxp3HeHHSI CCCP H 6oJIb-
IUHHCTBO Bpageii cneuHaJIHCTOB-napa3HT0. 0rOB C'qHTaIOT, tITO npHMe-
HeHHe OAHOTO McTOAa HaTHBHoro Ma3Ka AJISI BbISIBJIeHHSI reJIbMHHTOB
ti SIBJISIeTCSI SIBHO HeAocTaTOxlHbIM H OH AOJIxceH AOnOJIHHTbCSI HCCJieAOBa-
HHeM 9KCKpeMeHTOB no McTOAy 4 ioJIJIe6opHa, ZITO TOJIbKO coxieTaHHe
9THX ABYX MeTOAOB naeT BO3MO2KHOCTb nOJIHOCTh O BbIHBH:rb #Aaa reJlb-
MHHTOB.
OAHaKO, JIa6opaTOpHble pa60THHKH noJIHKJIHHH4eCKOI"i. H 6oJIbHH11-
HOH ceTH, OCHOBbuBasICb Ha CTOeM 6oJlbmIoM nOBCeAHeBHOM OnbITC npH-
IIIJIH K 3aKJuogeHHIO, iiTO HaTIHBHblH Ma30K, npH npaBHJIbHOM ero npH-
rOTOBJIeHHH H TU.[aTeJIbHOM npOCMOTpe, nOJIHOCTbJO BbIHBJISIeT reJIbMHH-
TbI H rpOM03AKHii McTOA 4 iojiiie6OpHa He HMeeT HHKaKHX npeHMyMeCTB
nepeA HaTHBHbIM Ma3KOM.
TaKHM o6pa30M, eiae AO HaCTO.M IerO BpeMeHH B OTAe.nbHblX JIa6o-
paTOpHSix r. MOCKBbI npHMeHHeTCH pa3JiHLIHa$I AHarHOCTHKa reJIbMHH-
T030B.
STO BbI3BaaO HeO6XOAHMOCTb 3aHSITbCA H3yKeHHeM AaHHOrO BOII-
poca.
Ham 6buio nOpyqeHO npOBepHTb 944eKTHBHOCTb 3THX MCTOAOB Ha
HaiueM MaTepHaAe.
Pa60Ta 3Ta 6bIJIa Bbino.noeHa B aa6opaTOpHH rlapa3HToJIOrHqecKO-
ro OTAeJia MOCKOBCKOH rOpOACKOH CaH3nHACTaHUHH nOA pyKOBOA-
CTBOM KaHA? MeA. HayK T. C. IUeJISInHHOIii. - ~IOA
IIOCTynaioiuHe K HaM aHaAH3bI Mbi HCCJIeAOBa.IH no McTOAy
Jle6opHa H OAHOBpeMeHHO npOCMaTPHBaJiH npxroTOBJIeHHbie H3 3TOTO
MaTepxaJla HaTHBHbie Ma3KH.
AJISI axaJIH30B MbI Tpe60BaJIH AoCTaBJISITb B Jla6opaTOpHIO CBe)KHti
Kali (He 60JIee cyTOMIHOH AaBHOCTH) .
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
HaTHBHEJ Ma30K MbI npHroTOBJIHJIH CJIeAyIOLuoM 06pa30M: npeacAe
4eM CAenaTb HaTHBHb1II Ma30K, TluaTeJlbHO pa3MeIUHBaJIH lLepeBSIHHOii
naJlOgHOI3 AOCTaBneHHble B na6opaTOPHI0(peKajHH. 3aTeM Ha npeAMeT-
Hoe CTeKJIO HaHOCHJIH Kannlo 50% rJIHuepHHa, B KOTOp0A TIuaTeJIbHO
pa3MeIIIHBaJIH He60JIbmoe KOJIHgeCTBO (peKaJIHA (BenHqHHOA c ropOIIIH-
Hy), MaTepHaJi paCTHpanH no Bcei nOBepXHOCTH npeAMeTHoro CTeKna,
noc re qero none nOKpbzBanH 3-4 nOKpOBHbIMH CTeKJIaMH H npoCMaT-
pHBanH IioA MHKPOCKOnOM. Oco6oe BHHMaHHe mbi yAeisJIH TOMy, qTO-
6b1 Ma30K 6b!JI TOHKHM, npo3pagHbIM H paBHOMepHb[M.
AJIA HCCneAOBaHHR 4)eKanH*I no McTOAy cK9nne6opHa Mb! npHro-
TOBnHJIH coneBOf .paCTBOp H3 pacqeTa 400,0 rp. nosapeHHOH cones Ha I
JHTP BOAbI H KHnSITHJIH AO rIORBJieHHR Ha nOBepXHOCTH XpyCTHluel'i
nneHKH, no OXnaacAeHHH paCTBOp (pHJIbTpOBaJIH.
B Ma3esyIo 6aHOqKy pa3MepoM B 50-100 rp. Mbi HaJHBaJH He-
MHOTO conesoro pacTBopa (1/4 6aHogKH) B KOTOPOM TnjaTeJIbHO pa3-
McLUHBaJIH (peKaJIHH B KOnH9eCTBe 5-10 rp. nocne 3TorO AOJIHBaJIH
paCTBOP AO Bepxy H BCnnb!BLUHe Hasepx Kpynxble gacTxubl yAaiiRJIH
KapTOHHOFi nOnaTOKKOI3,' 3aTeM 6aHOqKy Co CMeCbIO noMeluaAH B Bbl-
TR}KHO1 IIIKa(p Ha 1 qac. .
1-10 HCTegeHHH 3TOr0 BpeMeHH neTnet% CHHMaJIH nJIeHKy Ha npeA-
McTHoe CTeKJO, nOKpb1BaJIH ee UOKPOBHbIM CTeKJIOM H npoCMaTpHBaJH
noA MHKpOCKOnOM. Bcero mbi npOCMBTPHBaJIK 4 npenapaTa nneHKH.
McTOA 3TOT OCHOBaH Ha BCnnbIBaHHH HHij reJIbMHHTOB, yAeJIbHbll3 Bee
KOTOPbIX HH)Ke yAejlbooro Beca HacbliueHHOro pacTBopa noBapeHHOfi
COJIH.
BcerO0,HaMH 6bIJIO HccneAosaiio 1830 aHaJIH3oB KaJia HaTHBHbIM
Ma3KOM H OAHOBpeMeHHO no McTOAy db!Onne6opHa, noJIO)KHTenbHbl.K
aHanH30B 6bino 575.
I'13 'IHcJra NOAO)KHTeJIbHb!X allaJIH30B McTOAOM HaTHBHOTO Ma3Ka
Hxua renbMHHHTOB 6bIJIH Bb1HBneHbl B 519 cny4aHx, '!TO COCTaB'JReT
90,2% K YHCny nOJIO)KHTenbHbIX allaAH30B.
HCCneAOBaHHe 9THX ace (4eKanbHb1X Mace n0 ,MeTOAy c1onne60pHa,.
C npOCMOTPOM TOnbKO nneHKH, BbIHBHJIO renbMHHTb! B 379 Cny4a5lX, TO
eCTb B 65,9%. KaK nOKa3bIBaIOT Haines MarepHaabl, McTOAOM clonne-
6opHa H HaTHBHbIM Ma3KOM n09TH B OAHHaKOBOM npoueHTe BbISIBne-
HbI H1`iua Bnacorna3a, KapJHKOBOro IjenHH, allKHJIOCTOMbl.
S1fiua acKapHA (onnouoTBopeHHbie H HeonnoAOTBopeHHbie) npH npo-
CMoTpe HaTHBHorO Ma3Ka HaMH 6bIJIH BWHBneHbl B 88,9% H3 qHCJia
BbIRBneHHbIX C aCKapHAaMH, McTOAOM Q io ijie6opija TOJIbKO B 40,3%.
Heo6XOAHMO OTMeTHTb, WO McTOAOM c!oJine6opxa He nOJIHOCTbIO
BbIHBJIHIOTCR.HeonnOAoTBOpeHHbie RtLua aCKapHA, KOTOPb!e OgeHb UaCT!Y
BCTpeiiaiOTCR Y HHBa3HPOBaHHb1X aCKapuAaMH JHU.
r103TOMy B AOnOJIHeHHe K MCTOJ(y cbK1nne6opHa mbi npOCMaTpHBa-
,nH npenaparbl CAenaHHble H3 ocagKa.
lns npoc oTpa ocaAKa, mbi OCTOPO}KHO CJIHBaJIH xuiaKyio qaCTm
pacTBopa H3 6aHOgKH, C KOTOpO$ CHHJIH nneHKH H neTneli HaHOCHJIH Ha?
npeAMeTHoe CTeKJIO ocaAOK, KOTOpbiI nOKPbIBaJIH nOKPOBHbIMH CTeK-
JI3MH H MHKpOCKOn?IpOBaJH. ,
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
Co jjHa MbI RpHrOTOBJIHJIH H ^pOCMaTPHBaJIH 2-3 Ma3Ka. npOCMOTp
OCaaKa CO alla B ajoHOJIHeHIle K MCTOjjy q)1onLIe6opHa BbIBBHJI HHLta
aCKapHa elite B 126 cny4aHx. KpoMe TOI'O, B HeKOTOpBIX CJIy4af[X Mbl
o6Hapy}KHJIH B OC3;[Ke TaK)Ke HFiija BJIaCOrJIaBa H allKHJIOCTOMbl.
Hyx1ceHHI1: HejcocTaTOgIHa5I Hx 3C)cpeK-
THBHOCTb, oco6eHnO Ha ccOHe Bee CI-IH>KaIOIUeJic 3KCTeHCHBHOCTH H
HHTeHCHBHOCTH HHBa3HH Ha fPOTS1>KeHHH fOCJIeAHHX JIeT. 3HaLIHTeJIbHa i
HX TOKCHLIHOCTb; OTCYTCTBHe 34)(1JeKTHBHOCTH 3THX npenapaTOB npH Ha-
.IIHLIHI,I HeOfJIO,L OTBOpeIII-IbIX aCKapH;I, yAeJIbHbIII BeC KOTOPbIX B noc.ieA-
HHe rojui Bce B03paCTaeT; onaceHHe npHMeHSITb CaHICOCpeH H CaHT0HHH
nPH HaJIHLIHe KapaHTHHa no pa3JIHLIHbIM AeTCKHM HHCpeKuHSIM.
LITO KacaeTCH renTHJIPe3OUHl-ia, TO OH, KaK H3BeCTHO, TaK>Ke Aajie-
KO He 6e3BpejieH H IIeO6XoAHMOCTb npHHHMaTb erO TOJIbKO B cop Me Ta6-
JIeTOK HCKJIIoLIaeT nOJIb3OBaHHe ero IIeTbMH paHHero J eTCKOrO B03-
paCTa.
Heo6XOAHMOCTb co6JIioAeHHSi cneuHaJlbHOrO aHeTHgeCKoro pe>KHMa
BbI3bIBaeT OC06ble 3aTPYAHeHH51 npH JleLIeHHH HHBa3HPOBaHHbIX AeTeii.
Haxo u1 IIHXC51 B pa3HbIX rpynnax KpyfHblX aeTCI(HX KOJIJIeKTHBOB.
BCJICACTBHe nepeLIHCJIeHHbIX o6CTo}TeJIbCTB HepeQKO CpbIBaeTCsl
ocyIIIeCTBJIP,HHe OAHOBpeMeHHOH nJIaHOBOII aereJIbMHHTH3auHH Bcero
IIeTCKOrO xoJIJIeKTHBa. I-IOJIytIaeTCH 3Ha'IHTeJIbHbuM Pa3pb1B Me>KAy cpO-
KaMH BbinBJieHHSI 3apa>ICCHHbIX ACTeM H FIX fOCJIeAy1OH-IHM JIe4eHHeM.
rIo J aHHbIM CeMeHOBOII HCnbITaHHble el0 BHePBb1e npenapaTbl imne-
pa3HHOBOrO pHAa - aAHHHHaT H reKcarHApaT AaJiH XOPOHIHII KJIHHH-
tIeCKHFi 3d 4leKT npH JIeL1eHHH acKapHA03a. (YKa3aHHble npenapaTbl
npeACTaBJIHIOT co6010 HecTpaJIbHyIo COJIb nHnepa3HHa H >KHpH013 aAH-
nHHOBOH KHCJIOTbI). IZpenapaT npHMCHHJICSI eio 6e3 Ha3HaL1eHH5I aHeT-
uHTaHH51 H 6e3 yLleTa o6bILIHbIX npoTHBOnoKa3aHHH.
KpOTOB, H3yLIaH MexaHH3M j[e[iCTBHSI nHnepa3HHa, AOKa3aJ1, LITO OH
IIPOHHKaeT B TeJIO aCKapHAbl Liepea KHIIIeLIHHK H K 1TIIKyJIy, a B pa3Be-
AeHHH I : 1000 BbI3bIBaeT CyAOP0>KHble COKpa1IIeHHSI aCKapHAbl.
,aeJCTBHe aAHnHHaT-nHnepa3HHa npH JieLIenHH aCKapHA03a HaM'I
H3yLlaJiOCb Ha 6a3e HcJieg-I N2 228 B rpynnax C KPyrJ1OCYTOLIHbIM npe6bi-
BaHHeM AeTeIl. Bcero nOjl Ha6JI1o.neHHeM 6bIJIO 13 pe6RT.
McTOAHKa BpHMeHeHHSI npenapaTa 6bIJia caeAyioniel3: cJIa6HTeJIb-
Hoe (nypreH) AeTH nOJIy4aJIH HaKaHyHe JIetiCHH51, B AHH JIeLIeHHSi TOJIb-
KO Te AeTH, Y KOTOPbIX He 6b1JI0 CaMOCTOSITeJIbHOrO CTyJIa. AAHnHHaT
nHnepa3HH AaBaJic5i no 2 npHeMa B aeHb B TeLlexne 3-x aHef (nocjie
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
o6eaa H BOJILHHKa). OAHOKpaTHai A03HpOBKa npenapaTa 0,15 x 0,2.
JIetleHHe npoXOAHJIO rJlaAKo, no6oHHbIx ABJIeHHA He oTMetiaJIOCb. BbI-
xoA napa3HTOB Ha6JIIoAaJICSI ToJlbxo y 3-x AeTe 1 B nepsble 3 TIHSI npoe-
Ma npenapaTa (1-2 acxapHAbi). OAHaKO Y 9 AeTe* as 13 KOHTpOJIbHbI'e
aaaJIHw OKa3aJIHCb oTpHuaTeJlbHbIMH.
BbIJIH OTMetieHbI caeayIOILI;He noJIO)KHTeJIbHbie xatleCTBa aAHI1HHaT-
nHnepa3HHa: nPHQM npenapaTa He HapyniaeT o6bltlHOrO TetleHHSM )KH3-
HH AeTCKOrO ygpe)KAeHHSI, TaK KBK He Tpe6yeT npHrOTOBJieHHSI H pa3-
AatIH AHeTnHTaHHSI Bbd6opoHHOIt rpynne AeTefl H HaJiHtIHe KapaHTHHd
He SiBJISieTCSI npoTHBOnoxa3aHHeM K JletleHHlo. npenapaT He ToiCHgeH,
6e3BKyceH.
Be3BpeAHOCTb npenapaTa n03BOJISIeT npHMeHSITb ero 6e3 pxcxa TaK-
)Ke H C IHarHOCTHgeCKOH IZeJIblo.
BTopol'1 npenapaT, C KOTOpbIM MbI pa60TaaH, 6bIJI rexcarHApaT-nH-
i3epa3HH; npenapaT 3TOT BecbMa JIeTyH, 6bICTpo HcnapHIeTCSi Aa)Ke npit
xOMHaTHOii TeMnepaType. Mbi npHMeHBJIH ero B 2% caxapHOM cHpone,
H3rOTOBJ!HeMOM nO oq)HIIHaJIbHOfi npOnHCH. 344!eKTHBHOCTb ero H3ytla-
JIaCb npH nOTOJIOBHOM npKMeHeHHH B AeTCKOM KOJIJIeKTHBe AJISI H3rHa-
HHSI aCKapHA? McTOAHKa JletleliHSi H A03HpOBKa Te )Ke tITO H npH aAHHH-
HaT-nHnepa3HHe. OAHaKO, BBHAy OTMeHeHHbIX HaMH y HCeJIbHbIX AeTefi
3anOpOB, CJIa6HTeJIbHOe (nypreH) npHMeHSIJIOCb ABa%AbI: nepeA Ha-
tiaJIOM JietleHHsi (BegepoM) H nocne 2-x AHeBHorO npHMeneHHH rexca-
rHApaTa-nHnepa3HHa - Ha 3-e yTpO. JletleHHe npOBOaHJIOCb B BCJI,X
N2 378. Bcero nog Ha6nIOAeHHeM 6buio 82 pe6eHKa; H3 HHX HHBa3HpO-
BaHHbIX aCKapHAaMH - TOJIbKO 14 AeTeH (13 C He0nJIOAOTBOPeHHbIMH
aCKapHAa'MH) y OCTaJIbHbIX 68 aeTel=i aHaJIH3 Kaiia Ha H th.a reJIBIMHH
TOB AaJI OTPHLjaTeJIbHbIH pe3yJlbTaT.
143 14 HHBa3HpOBaHHbIX aeTeIi OTXOA acxapHa OTMetiaJIC:, y 8, a H3
68 AeTefi C OTpHLjaTeJlbHbIMH pe3yJlbTaTaMH allaJIH3a - y 7 JeTel"i.
OTXOA Ha6JnoJ1aJIC51 Ha 2-3-Ii AeHb JletleHHA H KOJIHtleCTBeHHO
60JIbnle, tleM npH npeAb1AyuteM npenapaTe, npH 3TOM OTXOAHJIH He
TOJIbKO nOJIOBO3peJlble, HO H IOHbie 4)OpMbI aCKapHA. Y 9-TH H3 HHBa3H-
pOBaHHbIX AeTefi KOHTPOJIbHbie aHaJIH3b! OKa3aJIHCb OTpHuaTeJIbHbIMH.
9TOT npenapaT TaK)Ke OKa3aJICSI HeTOKCHHHbIM. I o6OuHbIX SIBJIeHHH
npH negeHHH He Ha6Juoaajlocb.
TaKHM o6pa3OM reKCarHApaT-nHnepa3HH MO)KeT 6bITb peKOMeHAO-
BaH aiif MaCCOBOfI aereJIbMHHTH3auHH npH aCKaPHA03e. LLeHHbIM Ka~-
tieCTBOM npenapaTa SIBJISIeTCsi ero 34X eKTHBHOCTb B OTHOIneHHH He-
OnJIOAOTBOpeHHbix aCKapHA. OTXOA aCKaPHA B HenOJIOBO3peJ1OH CTaAHH
npejOTBpaLuaeT 3arpcI3HeHHe BHeIUHefi cpeabi SIIiiIjaMH napa3HTOB, tITO
0006eHHO Ba)KHO B 3nHaeMHOJIOrHtieCKOM OTHOAIeHHH.
)JIB H3ytleHH51 3("eKTHBHOCTH HOBbIX npenapaTOB 1JISI .ietieHHa
9HTepe6HO3a 6bIJI0 nposepexo aeACTBHe rexcarHapaT-nxnepa3HHa ii
CIIHPTOBOrO 3KCTpaKTa 3Bepo6Osi Ha OCTpHU. O6'beKTOM aJISI pa6oTul
6bIJI BbI6paH AeTCKHH caa Ns 921 C KpyrJIOCyTOtIHbIM npe6blBaHHeM B
HeM aeTefl, Tae npOLjeHT nopa)KeHHH 9HTep06HO30M AOCTHraJI 40%.
OaHOIi rpynne AeTefi 6bIJiO npOBeAeHO JletleHHe reKCarHApaT-nHnepa3H?
HOM, Apyro i - CIIHPTOBbIM 9KCTpaKTOM 3Bepo60sl.
22 3ax. 210 337
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
IIpenapaT Ha3HagaJICSI aeTHM 3 pa3a B AeHb nOCJie eAbI 2 AHw
IOApHA
CJIa6HTeJIbH0e RaBaJIOCb HaKaHyHe H B aHH JIe4eHH51, AHeTa He
Ha3HagajIaCb. JIe4eHHeM 6bIJI OXBatieH 21 pe6eHOK; BHAHMbII-i OTXO7,
OCTPHU OTMegaJiCH y 9 AeTex, nOnyTHO OTXOJjHJIH H aCKapHJjbl, HI?Ilja KO-
TOPbIX B aHaJiH3e HCnPa}(HeHHI t 06Hapy3KeHbI He 6bIJIH. KOHTpOJIbHble
COCKO6bl, npOBeAeHHbie CnyCTH 2-3 HeJ[eJIH nocJIe JIegeHHH y 21 pe6eH-
Ka, noKa3aJIH, 4TO 16 AeTex OCB060AHJIHCb OT OCTpHIZ. TaKHM o6pa30M
OKa3ajIocb, 4TO npenapaT reKcarHJjpaT-nHnepa3HH npHrOAeH AJIH JIe4e-
HHH 3HTepo6HO3a y aeTei3, nPH 3TOM 6oJIbiuaH 4aCTb AeTeI OCBO60}KAa-
JIaCb OT OCTPHU yxce noc ie 0AHOrO I[HKJIa JIeLIeHHH.
J1e4eHIIe.CHHPTOBbIM 3KCTpaKTOM 3Bepo6oH npOBOJ[HJIOCb 22 aeTHM.
B Te4eHHe 3-x AHei AeTH fOJIy4aJiH HaTOIijaK B 7 4acOB yTpa B OJ[HH
npHeM CyTO4HVIO A03y 3Bepo6oH, pacC4HTaHHyIO n0 HHCTPVKILHH npo-
Ijeccopa KeBOpKOBa. IIypreH Ha3Ha4aJICH 4epe3 4ac nocjie npHeM-
3Bepo6OH H CnyCTH eme LIac aaBaJICH 3aBTpaK. BHJiHMbIII OTXO) OCTPH;I,
He OTMegajICH. 143 18 KOHTPOJIbHbIX COCKO6OB OCTPHIjbI o6Hapy}KeHhi
BHOBb y 14 JjeTeii.
TaKHM o6pa3oM, OJjHOUHKJIOBOe HpHMeHeHHe CnHPTOBOr0 9KCTpaK-
Ta 3Bepo6oH 0Ka3aJI0Cb HeaoCTaTO4HbIM npH JIe4eHHH 3HTepo6HO3a, Ha
4TO yKa3bIBaeT H cam aBTOp McTOAa, peKOMeHAy5 npOBOJ(HTb ero 3-5
IIHKJIaMH.
IlpenapaT rexcarHApaT nHnepa3HH- HBJIHeTCH HecpaBHeHHo 6oilee
3Ip(peKTHBHbIM, 4eM 3Bepo6oH, J(a}Ke npH OAHOUHKJIOBOM npHMeHeHH1'..
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
O 3APA)KAEMOCTH AETEH ACKAPHAO3OM
B 1OPOACKHX H 3AFOPOAHbIX YCJIOBH51X
KaHa. Med. tiayic
A. A. 17OKPOBCKAf7, T. C. LHEJII7I7HHA
(CaH3IIHACTaHgHH r. MOCKBbI)
THIIHgHoe Aim acxapHAo3a oceaaee nosbluleaae HHBaHH3HpOBaH-
HOCTH, B OTHOIIIeHHH AeTCKHX KOJIJIeKTHBOB r. MOCKBbI, CBA3bIBaJIOCb,
o6bItIHO, C Bble3AOM HX B JieTHee BpeMH 3a ropoj.
AJIA 6o iee AeTaJIbHOrO H3y9eHHH 9TOrO BOnpoca MbI HOCTaBHJIH
nepeA co601i 3ajjaqy np0aHaJIH3HPOBaTb Ha MaTepHaiiax paI3oHOB HH-
Ba3HPOBaHHOCTb AeTeii AOLIIKOJIbHbIX AeTCKHX ygpe}KAeHHli, KaK
Bb!e3}KaBLIIHX 3a rOpOA, TaK H OCTaBaBUIHXCA Ha JIeTO B MOCKBe.
B pa3pa60TKY BoIUJIO 848 ReTCKHX y ipe)K LeHHii (226 Acnei-i 14
622 AeCKHX cajja), H3 iHcjia KOTOPbIX 3a FOpOA Bble3}KaJIO B 1956 r,. 644.
Bo.nee nOJIOBHHbi AeTCKHX caAOB (52,2%) BblexaJIO B CTauxoHap-
Hble aaEm. 143 Acjieli B CTaIjHOHapHble Aa4H Bblexanno Bcero 18,4%,
OCTaJIbHble AeTCKHe yupe}KAenax (47,8%AeTcKHx cajjOB a 81,6%
AC.ne1i) pa3MelLjaJIHCb, npeHMyLLjeCTBeHHO, B apeHjjOBaHHbIX Aallax }i
B eAHHHgIHb!X CJ1yga5lX, B apeHAOBaHHbIX LIIKOJIaX.
1'13 57 palioaoB MOCKOBCKOI3 o611aCTH HaIJHMH aeTCKHMH ytipe}K-
AeHHAMH 6bLJIH 3aHATbI OTAeJibHble yqaCTKH B 30 palioaax, pacnoaio-
.KeHHbIX B6JIH3H MOCKBbI.
TOJIbKO B 10% cnyuaeB AagH B MOCKOBCK09 o6J1aCTH 6bIJIH KaHa,
JIH3OBaHbI.
BO Bcex pai30Hax MOCKOBCKO13 o6JIaCTH, Kyjja BbleXaJIH HaIIIH
QeTH, n0pa}KeHHOCTb McCTHoro HaceJIeHHA aCKapHjj3OM 6bIJIa BbIlUe
MOCKOBCK01i. TaK, CpeAHHIi fOKa3aTeJIb no MOCKBe 3a 1956 r. paaHAJI-
CH 15%C, a no 60JIbIHHHCTBy paHOHOB o6JIaCTH HHBa3HpOBaHHOCTb
HaceJIeHHA, HO RaHHbIM np0(!. BaCHJIbKOBOFi, COCTaBJIAJIa 25-30%.
B LIaCTH paf4OHOB (KyHIjeBCKHN, J1eHHHCKHI3 a Ap.), HHBa3HpOBaHHOCTb
iiace ieHHA COCTaBJIAJIa 36-50%': 6bIJIH TaKxce paI3OHb1 C BeCbMa BbIr
COKOii nopa}KeHHOCTbIO, AOCTHraloujeli 59-70% (Bepeiicxa , MHX-
HeBCKHH).
IlpH CpaBHeHHH AaHHbIX Hcc.neAOBaHHA BHeHIHeI1 CpeAbI Ha 3ar-
P513HeHHOCTb AIiuaMH reJIbMHHTOB B ropoAe H 3a rOpOAOM (B QAHHX H
Tex }Ke y1lpeaKeJIOH HHBa3HH BCTpegaJIHCb, no-
YTH HCKJIIOgHTeJIbHO, cpeAu HeopraHH30BaHHOrO Hace.IeHHH, TITO noA-
4epKHBaeT Ba>KHOCTb H Heo6XOAHMOCTb CHCTeMaTM'IeCKoro npOBeAeHHH
MepOnpHHTHH no 60pb6e c aCKapHA030M cpeAH 3THX rpynn HaceIIeHHH.
flpOBeAeHHoe HaMH HOABOPHOe o6cJIeAOBaHHe AeTCKOrO HaCeJICHHH
AByX ytiaCTKOB OAHOI'O H3 paHOHOB ropoaa nOKa3aJIo, 'ITO CpeAH HeOp-
raHH30BaHHoro AeTCTBa aCKaPHA03 i eeT 6ojiee uIHPOKoe pacnpocTpa-
HeHHe (25%), YeM CpeAH opraHH30BaHHoro (15%), TITO 5IBJIHeTCH pe-
3yJIbTaTOM CHCTeMaTH'ieCKOrO npoBeAeHJH nJIaHOBbIX Jleue6HO-03AOPO
BHTeJIbHbIX MepOnPHHTHH npOTHB aCKaplA03a cpeAn opraHH30BaHHoro
AeTCTBa.
Ho HaIIHM Ha6JIIOAeHH51M, MaCCOBaS aereJIbMHHTH3aUHH HBJIHeTC:i
MOrytiHM cpeACTBOM 60pb6b1 C aCKaPHa03OM. Oco6eHHo 60JIbuioe 3Ha-
'ieHHe npHo6peTaeT npOBeAeHHe Jle'4e6HbIX MepOnpHHTHH npH aCKapH-
A03e B Xopouio 6JIarOyCTpoeHHbIX y'aCTKax n paHOHax, HaceneHHe KO?
TOPbIX 3apa>KaeTCH, B OCHOBHOM, npH Bble3Ae 3a ropo L. Ha ygiacTKax>Ke
C HeroeTaTO'HO pa3BHTOH KaHaJIn3aUHOHHOH CeTb}O, C RBOPOBbIMkI
y6OpHbIMH H HHAHBHAyaJIbHbIMH OrOpOAaMH, aCKaPHA03 KaK cpem
opraHH30BaHHOrO, TaK H cpeAH HeopraHH30BaHHOrO aeTCTBa HalMH 6b6
BbIHBJIeH B OAHHaKOBOM npoueHTe (36%), HeCMOTpH Ha TO, TITO opra-
HH30BaHHble aeTH B Te'ieHHe pHAa JIeT CHCTeMaTHqeCKH nOABepraJIHCb
AereJIbMHHTH3aUHH.
IIpn I4ccjieAOBaHHH 470 npo6 HOLIBbI C HeKaHaJIH3OBaHHbIX y4aCTKOB
ropo,aa II B KOJIXO3aX (yJi. 1llejiennxa, KOJIXO3bI ,
>, ) 6bIJI0 BbIHBJIeHO CHJIbHOe 3arp5I3HeHHe ee
HHuaMH acxapHA (113 475-284 nOJIO}KHTeJIbHbIX 11.1111 60%), npn'iei
41-43% HX 6bIJIH >KH3Hedf0006Hb1e. BTO noKa3blBaeT, IiTO 03AOpOBJIe-
HHe BHeUIHeli cpeAbl B Majlo6JIarOyCTpoeHHbIX ytiaCTKax paHOHO!3
HrpaeT OCHOBHy1O POJIb B 6oPb6e c acKaPHA03oM H AOJI}KHO npOBOAHTb-
CH napaJIJleJIbHO C AereJIbMHHTH3aUHeH.
HecMOrpS Ha TO,TiTO cpeAu opraHH30BaHHOrO AeTCTBa aCKapuAo3
BcTpe'aeTCH p'e>Ke, 'IeM cpeun HeopraHn3OBaHHoro, O LHaKO, MaccoBOe
o6cJIe)LoBaHHe nepsbIX BbIHSHJIO Kpynnbie o'iarH acxapHAo3a B HeKOTO-
PbIX aeTCKHX KOJIJIeKTHBaX, B KOTOpbIX HHBa3HpOBaHHOCTb AeTeH 3Ha-
9nTeJlbHO npeBbllnaeT cpeAHHH HPOIieHT no RaHHbIM AeTCKHM y'pe>KAe.
HHHM. XapakTepuo, ZITO Ha11'60JIbulee 'IHCJIO 3THX 0tiarOB BbIHBJIeHO-B
nepH4)epHgeCKHX OKPaHHaX paHOHOB, B TO BpeM51 KaK B IieHTpaJIbHbIX
paHOHax HX HCT COBCeM.
9nHAo6CJIeAOBaHHe ouaroB nOKa3aJlo, LITO 9TH aeTCKHe yvpe>KAe-
HHH B 60JIbIIJHHCTBe CJIy'IaeB pa3MeHieHbl B CJIy'aHHbIX, HenpHcnoco6-
.TIeHHbIX noMeHieHHHX (B }KHJIbIX AOMaX, nPH ulKOJIax, (pa6pIKax). Ca-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
HHTapxoe coCTOHHHe, KaK npaBHJIO, HeyJ[oBneTBOpHTeJIbHo: Caxy3JIbI,
TeCHble, TeMHble, a B HeKOTOpbIX KaHaJIH3auH3I OCyTCTByeT COBCeM,
nnoluaAKH Ana npOryJIOK He 6JIarOyCTpOeHbI HJIH COBCeM OTCyTCTByIOT
H J[eTH Hrpaior B o6LueM ABope H T. A. KpoMe TWO, 6OJIbIHyIO POJIb
i rpaeT TeKy4eCTb KOHTHHreHTOB,CKygeHHOCTb H HeaoCTaTOIIHbIfI caHH-
TapHO-rHrHeHH4eCKHH ypOBeHb 06CJIy}KHBaIou ero nepCOHana, KOTOpbI 1
MaJIO yJ(eJISIeT BHHMaHHH npo HJIaKTHKe reJIbMHHTO3OB.
IlpoBeAeHHoe HaMH HccJIeAOBaHHe BHeiuHel3 cpeAbi nOKa3ajio, 4T0
B yCJIOBHHX MOCKBbI CVnjeCTByloT pa3JIH14Hble nyTH pacnpOCTpaHeHHH
aCKapHA03a. 11o3TOMy, Ana npaBHJIbHoro nJIaHHpOBaHHSI o3JLopOBHTeJib-
HbIX MepOnpHHTHH B oqarax, MbI npoBOJ[HJIH B Ka}KJtoM cny4ae H3y4e-
HHe 3HHAeMHOJIOTHH aCKapHA03a, nyTeM npHMeHeHHa McTOAOB caHH-
Tapaoi-i re.JIbMHHTOJIOrHH H BCeCTOpOHHerO aHaJIH3a 3a6oJleBaeMOCTH.
3TO noMorJIO HaM 03JjOpOBHTb 6OJIb1IHHCTBO o4arOB aCKapHA03a, a B
OCTaBIunxca euxe 04araX 3Ha4HTeJIbHO CHH3HTb npoueHT HHBa3HpOBaH-
HOCTH ReTefl.
O6CJIeAOBaHHe B3p0CJIOro HaCeJIeHHH nOKa3aJI0, 4T0 nopa}KeHHOCTb
aCKaPHA030M pa604HX OTl eJIbHbIX npeArlpH5THH BeCbMa pa3HOO6pa3-
Ha H 3aBHCHT OT yCJIOBHI1 pa60TbI TaK, HaH60JIbIIIHFI npoueHT aCKapH-
AO3a oTMe4aeTC5I cpeAH pa6o4Hx nJIOA00BOI4HbIX KOM6HHaTOB, COBXO-
30B, KOJIXO3OB, CTaHUHH a3paulH. B 1955 roay npH o6luef nopa}KeH-
HOCTH B3poCJIOrO HaceJIeHHSI MOCKBbI B 12,5%, HHBa3HpoBaHHOCTb pa-
6o4HX nJIOJ[0-oB0LLH0ro KOM6HHaTa Ns 1 6bIJIa 39,8%, COBXO3a K1'13Mai-
JIOBO>> - 75%, a pa6o4Hx PbIHKOB - 45%. B 1956 r. 6bulo ycTaHoBJle-
HO, 4TO nOpa)KeHHOCTb pa6o4HX 4 OpMOBO4HOr0 uexa 3aBoAa ?CTaHKO-
JIHT?, TO eCTb JIHf, CB513aHHbIX no yCJIOBHHM pa60TbI c 3eMneH, paella
24,1 %, B oCTaJIbHbIX uexax - 16,3 %. Bonee BbICOKa$I HHBa3HpOBaH-
HOCTb 6bina oTMe4eHa y pa6o4HX 3TOrO uexa H Ha 3asoAe HM.
B. 1'1nbH4a.
O6pauxaeT Ha Celia BHHMaHHe H TOT IpaKT, 4T0 aCKaPHAO3 y pa-
604HX, HPO}KHBaIOLLLHX 3a ropoAOM, 3Ha4HTenbno 4aute BCTpe4aeTCa
4eM y nxu npo}KSIBaIOI HX B MOCKBe. Tax B 1956 r, 6bino yCTauoBneHo,
4TO HHBa3HpoBaHHOCTb pa60THHKOB CTOJIOBOI3 N2 48, npO)KHB IOLLIHx B
MOCKBe AOCTHrana 14,7%, B TO BpeMH KaK nopa}KeHHOCTb CJIy}KaIIIHX
3TOFI ace CTOJIOBOLI, nPO KHBa1OLUHX B MOCKOBCKOi3 06naCTH, aOXOAHiia
Ao 47%.
r1pHBeAeHHbie AaHHble nOKa3bIBaIOT, TO 03AOPoBneHHe Haiuero Ha-
ceneHHa OT aCKapHA03a HBn5ieTC5 nepsoo epeAHOI3 3aaagel% B Aeae
6Opb6bi c reabMHHT03aMH H Ana ee ycneluHoro pa3peIIIeHHa Tpe6yeT-
Ca CHCTeMaTH4eCKOe npOBeAeHHe BcerO KOMnneKCa JIe4e6HO-O3AOpoBH-
TeJIbHbIX H npOTHBO3nHAOMH4eCKHX MepOnpHHTHI cpeAH Bcex rpynn Ha-
CeneHHa r. MoCKBbI, B CO4eTaHHH C o6LLHMH CaHHTapHbIMH MepOnpHa-
THSIMH no O3AOpaBaeHHIO BHemHeH cpeAbi H 6JIarOyCTp0IkCTBy.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
OCHOBHbIE 4AKTOPbI IIEPEAAgH ACKAPHR03A
B JI;ETCKHX YgPENCAEHHAX
Kaxd. Med. Hayic
M. C. 17APELIKAf1
(CaH3nrACTaHIXHB OKTH6pbCKoro parloHa r. MOCKBbl)
IIIHpoxoe pacnpoCTpaHeHHe aCKapHa03a BbIABHraeT nepeA opraxa-
MH 3ApasooxpaHeHH51 Heo6xoAHMOCTb rlposeAeHHA MeponpHA-rH*, Ha-
npaBJleHHbIX K ero CHHxceRH!O.
I'I3ygeHHe nyTeli pacnpoCTpaHeHHA acKapHAo3a Heo6xoAHMO AJIR
npOBeAeHHA Hay4HO-o6OCHOBaHHbIX Mep 6opb6bi C 3TOf1 HHBa3Hei.
HaMH H3y9aJIHCb nyTH paCnpOCTpaHeHHSI aCKapHA03a B opraHH30-
BaHHbIX AeTCKHX KOJIJIeKTHBaX (IcJISIX, caAax), a TaKxce B OTAeJIbHbr(
ceMbAX.
JIeTCKHe y4pe)KAeHHA paftOHa, B KOTOpbIX npOBOAHJIHCb Ha6moAe-
HHA, Bce KaHaJIH3OBaHbI, OAHaKO, 6OJIbUIIOH npOIZeHT noceuja1oujHX HX
AeTefi npO}KHBaeT B HeKaHaJIH3oBaHHbIX BJIaaeHHAX.
HeKOTOpMe AeTCKHe yqpe]KAeHHA pa3MeiueHbl B ?KHJIbIX 3AaHH51X,
He HMeIOT CBOHX OTAeJIbHbIX ycaAb6 H nporyno4Hble y4aCTKH noCJle
yXOAa AeTeft AOMOfi HCIIOJIb3yIOTCA TaK}Ke HaceJIeHHeM.
O6CJIeAOBaHHe AeTe i ACJIefi H CaAOB Ha reJIbMHHT036i B TeMeHHe pSi-
Aa aeT HOKa3a.no, 4T0 AeTH, noceujaioujHe 3TH AeTCKHe yype)KAeHHR
H npO}KHBaIOIIjHe B HeKaHaJIH3HpoBaHHbIX AOMOBJIaAeHHAX HHBa3HpOBaHbi
B 1,5-2 pa3a 4auje, 4eM, npO}KHBaIOnjHe B KaHaJIH30BaHHbIX AOMOBJIa-
AeHHAX (13,3-16,5% H 6,7-9,6% COOTBeTCTBeHHO).
,aeTH BHOBb nOCTynaiougHe HHBa3HpOBaxbl B 1,5-2 pa3a game, 4eM
AJIHTeJlbHO HaxoAAIILHecA B AeTCKOM ylpe}KAeHHH.
TaKHM o6pa30M, npe6bIBaHHe AeTeii B opraHH30BaHHOM KOJIJIeKTHBe,.
rje CHCTeMaTH4eCKH npOBOAHTCA Bb1ABJIeBHe HHBa3HpOBaHHbWX H HX
negeHHe H rAe co6JuozaeTCA caHHTapHO-rHreHH4ecxxfi pe)KHM, npHBO-
AHT K CHH}KeHHIO acxapHA03a.
Aim pacm peHHA Bonpoca o6 OCHOBHbIX cpaKTOpax pacnpocTpaHe-
HHA acxapHA03a B AeTCKHX y4pe}KAeHHAx, HaMH npOBOAHJIHCb HCCneAO-
BaHHA npo6 no4Bbi, OBOUjeH a TaK}Ke OMbIBOB C o6,beKTOB BHeUIHei cpe-
AbI Ha 3arp$l3HeHHOCTb HX AliIjaMH reJIbMHHTOB H KHIIIe4HOfi nan04KOfI,
4TO ABJIAeTCA OAHHM H3 nOKa3aTeJIeH CaHHTapHO-3nHAeMHOJIOTH4eCKoro
peauHMa o6'beKTa.
HH}Ke npHBOAATCA pe3ynbTaTbl HCCneAOBaHHA o6,beKTOB BHeWWHefi
cpeAbl.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
HaHMeHO-
BaHHe
o 6vexroB
AHUa
renbM.
xxme4.
HaaogIH
Aqua
reJIbM.
xHme4.
HaaomKH
ACJIH
22,3
11,3
3,2
23,5
15
12
2,8
11,9
CaAbi
25,4
12,4
3,4
19,1
18,1
11,8
2,9
10,9
113 IIpHBeAeHHbIX AaHHbIX BHAHO, TO BHe1IIHA5I cpeAa AeTCKHX y4-
pe}KAeHHIH 3Ha4HTeJIbHO 3aFPH3HeHa KaK KHIIIe4HOH naji04KOR, TaK H
AHuaMH reJIbMHHTOB, npl4eM npoueHT }KH3HeCnO006HbIX IIHU B nOIBe
6b1Ji 28,5-21,5, a Ha oBoluax 15,3-12,3.
HaH60Jiee 3arpA3HeHHbIMH OKa3aJIHcb McCTa Y MYCOPOC6OPHHKOB,
y BxoAa B 3AaHHe, B neCOiIHHKax, Ha AopO}KKax. 1"13 OBOIueH 6o.lbHlee
tJHCJIO nOJIO}KHTeJIbHbIX npo6 6bIJIO B MOPKOBH, orypuax, cajnaTe. SIcua
aCKapHA 6bIJIH 06Hapy}KeHb1 B CMbIBaX C noJia, KOBpOB, py4ex AJIA cny-
CKa BOAbI B y60pHbIX,HrpylueK, KJIeeHOK 06eAeHHbIX CTOJIOB.KHIIIe4-
HaA najlo4Ka 6bIJIa BbIABJIeHa Ha pa3AeJIO4HbIX ROCKax, nocyAe, no.10=
TeHuax.
TaKHM o6pa3oM, OCHOBHbIM I aKTOpOM B paCBPOCTPaHeHIIH aCKapH-
,a03a ABJIAeTCA rIO4Ba.PHCK 3apa}KeHHA 4epe3 3Arp53HeHHy1O n04By
j(eTeR AeTCKHX CaAOB 6oJIbIne 4eM B ACJIAX, TaK KaK BCe AeTH caROB
3Ha4HTeJIbHYIO 4aCTb CBOerO BpeMeHH HaXOAATCH Ha OTBeAeHHOM AJ134
HHX y'aCTKe, HrpaIOT B neCO'HHuaX, yxa}KHBa1OT 3a uB2TaMH H OBO-
Hja'MH, CJIeAOBaTeJIbHO, HIMe}OT TeCHbJIH KOHTaKT C 3arp I3HeHHOII fO'-1=
BOI3, B TO BpeMA, KaK nOJIOBHHa AeTeIH ACJieIH (AeTH rpyJHOrO B03paCTa
Jr nOJ13yHKH) KOHTaKTa c nOLIBOA B AeTCKOM y4pe}KAexxH He HMeIOT.
OBOIUH,KOTOpble nwwIy'aIOT AeTH B AeTCKOM y4pe}KAeHHH He MOr3T
HMeTb KaKOI'O - JiH60 CyueCTBeHHOTO 3Ha4eHH51 B pacnpOCTPaHeHHH ac-
KaPHAO3a"TaK KaK npH HCCJIeAOBaHHH oBOlljeiH ynOTpe6JIAeMbIx B HHIuy
B CbIpOM'BHae noc ie MX MbITbl AHIj - reJIbMHHTOB O6Hapy}KeHO He 6bIJIo.
B CMbIBaX C pa3JIHTIHbIX HpeAMeTOB AeTCKHX y4pe)K eHIIIH Ha13JjeHHble
AIHua aCKap1A,' B nOAaBJImlolueM 60JIbIIIHHCTBe CJiy4aeB, 6bIJIH HeHHBa3H-
OHHbI.
flpH 06cjIeAo..BaHHH 1Ip06 rIO'BbI, OBonje1, CMbIBOB C 06''beKTOB BHeIIIHeIH
cpeAbI B OTAeJlbHbIX KBapTHpax, HHBa3HpOBaHHHX AeTeH, HoceualouHX
AeTCKHe y'4pe}KAeHHA AIHua TeJIbMHHTOB H KHIne4Ha5i najiOgKa BbIHBJIH-
JIHCb B 3- 4 pa3a flame 4eM B AeTCKHX ACJIAX H caaax, a npH o6CJIej[O-
BaHHH LIJI'eIIOB HX CeMbH HHBa3Hp0BaHHbIX OKa3aJIOCb 60,4%'.
TaKHM o6pa3oM, CO3.aaeTC51 BIIe'aTJIeHHe, 4TO AeTH 3apa}KaIOTC51 lame
B AoMau1Hnx yCJIOBHHX, 4eM B YCJIOBH51X opraHH30BaHHOrO AeTCKOrO
KoJiuIexTHBa, To eCTb POJIb caHHTapHO-6bITOBbIX yCJIOBHIH,B KOTOPbIX
HaXOAATcH AeTH BeCbMa 3Ha4HTeJIbHa. OTcioaa CJieayeT, 4TO B ueJIAX
CHH}KeHHA aCKapHA03a Heo6XOAHmo npOBOAHTb o6CJieAOBaHHe Ha
re.IbMHHT03bI H rIoCJieaylonjee JIe'eHHe HHBa3HpOBaHHbIX He TOJIbKO B
opraHH30BaHHbIX KOJIJIeKTHBBX, HO H cpeAH HeopraHH3oBaHHOro Hate-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
MHKPOCKOHHgECKASI AHArHOCTHKA AMEBHOf
,QH3EHTEPHH
H. A. BARYJIHHA
(CaH3nHACTaHnH$1 r. MOCKBbI)
AHarHO3 aMe6H01i AH3eHTepHH CTaBHTCSI Ha OCHOBaHHH HaXOAOK
AH3eHTepH13,HOki aMe6bl Ent. histolytica B BbIAeJTeHH51X 6OJIbHOrO, TaK
KaK KJIHHHgeCKa5I KapTHHa 3a60JIeBaHH5I He AaeT OHOpHbIX nyHKTOB AJI5i
AHarHOCTHKH.
HaH6oJlee IUHPOKO pacnpOCTpaHeHHbIIM H AOCTyHHbILM B npaKTHKe
McTOAOM HCCJIeAOBaHHSI SIBJIHeTC51 o6Hapyx(eH}e AH3eHTepHiiHoH aMe6bl
B HaTHBHbIX Ma3KaX H Ma3Kax, OKpaHIeHHbIX paCTBOpOM JIIorojisi. B
CJiygagX 3aTpyAHeHHi-ff npH6eraloT K OKpaIIIHBaHHIO Ma3KOB (~eKaJIHN
)(eJIe3HbIM reMaTOKCHJIHHOM.
TIpH AHarHOCTHKe Hy KHO ytIHTbIBaTb MOpc lOJ1orHLIeCKHe THnbI AH-
3eHTepHIiHOIi aMe6bl, COOTBeTCTByK)IUHe pa3JIHLIHbIM nepHOAaM KH3HeH-
HOTO IJHKJIa aMe6bl.
B OCTpbI1i MOMeHT 3a60JIeBaHH51 aMe6HON AH3eHTepHeii B Hcnpa)K-
HCHH51X 60JIbHOrO 06HapyxcHBa10TC5I 6OJIbulHe nOABH)KHble TKaHeBble
(Op:MbI AH3eHTepH1iHOIi aMe6bl. TKaHeBble (!OPMbI alMe6bl C 3arJIOLIeH-
HbIMH 3PHTpOUHTaMH 0603HaLIaIOTC11 KaK 3pHTp0(parH, LIHCJIO HX AO-
CTHraeT 1/3 OT o61uerO KOJIHLIeCTBa aMe6. fIpH JIerKOM TeLIeHHH aMe6HOH
AH3eHTepHH B HCnpa KHeHHSIX 60JIbHOTO MOryT o6Hapyx{HBaTbCSI TKa-
HeBble (pOpMbl aMe6 6e3 3arJIOLIeHHbIX 3PHTPOUHTOB, 3pHTp0(parH y
TaKHX 6OJIbHbIX MO}KHO o6Hapy)KHTb nPH Aalie CJIa6HTeJIbHOrO.
IIpH CTHXaHHH npouecca KpyrlHble nOABH}KHble TKaHeBble (kOPMbI
AH3eHTepHHHO 1i aMe6bl CMeHSUOTCSI McJ1KHMH MaJIO rlOABH}KHbIMH npO-
CBeTHbIMH 4 opMaMn. HpOCBeTHble (pOpMbl AH3eHTepH1iHOI3 aMe6bl MOxKHTb y 6OJIbHbIX KHHIeLIHbIMH 3a6oJIeBaHHSIMH, BbI3-
BaHHbIMH ApyrHMH npHLIHHaMH. OHH MOryT 6bITb y TaK Ha3bIBaeMblx
UHCTOHOCHTeJIe1i HJIH IjHCTOBbIAeJIHTeJIeI3. IIpH nOJIytIeHHH cogep}KHMOro
H3 BepXHero OTAe.ia TOJICTorO KHineLIHHKa nyTeM AaLIH CJIa6HTeJIbHOro
y HOCHTeJIe1.1 TKaHeBble (3OPMbl He o6Hapyx(HBalOTC5I.
IIpH nOCTaHOBKe AHarH03a aMe6HOI3 RH3eHTepHH HeO6XOAHMO nOM-
HHTb 0 B03MO}KHOCTH OHIH60K. MaKpo4 arH, OCO6eHHO C 3arJIOL1eHHbIMH
3pHTpOUHTaMH, MOryT 6bITb OIIIH60LIHO nPHHSITbI 3a TKaHeBble q)OPMbb
AH3eHTepHIiHO1i aMe6bl. JIeflKOUHTbI, 6JIaCTOUHTbI H Apyrxe KJIeTKH
MOryT 6bITb nPHH51TbI 3a UHCTbl aH3eHTHPHi!HoR aMe6bl.
BcnoMoraTeJlbHbIM McTOAOM aHaI-HOCTHKH aMe6HOH AH3eHTepHH
SIBJISIeTC51 KOnPOUHTOJIOTHL1eCKHI1 McTOA. fIpaKTHLIecKoe 3HaLIeHHe HMeeT
npHMeHeHHe AaHHOrO McTOAa B UeJISIX AH4X epeHUHaJIbHO1H AHarHOCTHKH
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
aMe6HOi3 H 6aKTepHaJIbHOI3 RH3eHTepHH. KonpOuHTOJI01'H4eCKHI3 McTO,;E
OCHOBaH Ha cneuH(pHggecKOI3 KJIeTOtIHOI3 KapTHHe (ceKaJIbHOH CJIH3H.
npH aMe6HO9 RH3eHTePHH KOJIHYeCTBO KJIeTOIqHbIX 3JIeMeHTOB B?
4 eKaJIbHOH CJIH3H HeBeJIHKO OT I AO 6-7 B none 3peHHSI. CpeAH KJIeTOIC
OTMeLIaIOTCSI HeHTpO(1HJIbI, 903HH(mHJIbI, KJIeTKH THIIa MaKpo(parOB, JIHM-
()OUHTbI. IiHKHOTHYeCKHe KJIeTKH 06Hapy}KHBaIOTCS1 B CJIy4asIX C TSI3Ke-
JIbIM TeggeHHeM 3a60JIeBaHHSI. IIpH 6aKTepHaJIbHOH AH3eHTePHH KOJIH-
geCTBO KJIeTOqHbIX 3JIeMeHTOB 3HaqHTeJIbHO, B OAHOM rime 3peHHH
MO%eT 6bITb 25 - 45 JIeI3KOuHTOB, cpeAH KOTOpbIX npeo6JIaAaIOT HeHTpO-
4 HJIbHble JIeI-IKOUHTbI. LHKHOTHgeCKHe KJIeTKH He BCTpeTIaIOTCH.
npH aMe6HOttI AH3eHTepHH KpHCTaJIJIbI fapKO-JIeHAeHa o6Hapy-
?KHBa1OTC5I B I/3 CJIyTiaeB 3a6oJIeBaHHH. OAHaKO, HaXOAKH HX He HMeIOT
AHarHOCTMeCKOrO 3HageHHSI, TaK KaK OHH MOTYT o6Hapy}KHBaTbCSI H
B Clyne 3AOpOBbIX JIIOAef, oCO6eHHO y AeTe %, B 6-8%, cJlygaeB.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
K BOHPOCY 0 TEHHAPHHXO3E B TOP. MOCKBE
M. C. COKO/IOBCKHFI
(CaH9najcTaH na r. MOCKBI,I)
B 1956 r. opraHaMH 3ApasooxpaHeHHsl 6bIJia BbIABHHyTa 3aAalia
JIHKBHAaIZHH B 6JIH)KaflIUHe roAbl TeHHapHHxo3a, B nepBylo OTiepeAb, e
ropoAax C HH3KHM ypOBHeM 3a60JIeBaeMOCTH.
116 4HCJIy 6OJIbHb1X, 05paTHBIIIHXCH 3a McAHI;HHCKOI nOMOUiblo K
Bpaqy, B MOCKBe e)KeroAHo perHCTpHpyeTCS! OKOJIO 1000-1500 cJly4IaeB
TeHHHA030B, B OCHOBHOM, TeHHapHHX03a.
BOJIbIIIHRCTBO 9THX CJIyqaeB no McCTy 3apa)KeHHSI SIBJISIK)TCSI McCT-
HbIMH (89-90%), TaK KBK 60JIbHble 3TH ynOTpe6JISIJIH B rIHlljy TOJIbKU
MSICO, npHo6peTeHHoe B TOprOBOfi ceTH r. MOCKBbI, npH 9TOM MHOrHe
H3 HHX OTMeTiaJIH, LiTO BO BpeMH npHroTOBJIeHHSI MHCHbIX 6JnoA, OHH
aa'aCTyio npo60BaJiH CbIpOfl 4 apui. KpoMe TOrO B MOCKBe HMeeTCH
OAHH KpynHbIH oTlar TeHHapHHX03a Ha M3ICOKOM6HHaTe HM. MHKOSIHa.
3TO 3aCTBBHJIO HaC 3aHSITbC5i 6o iee TLuaTeJlbHbIM H3y'eHHeM H Bbi-
5IBJIeHHeM nyTeli pacnpOCTpaHeHHSi TeHHapHHX03a B r. MOCKBe.
CaHHTapHO-3nHAeMHOJIorHgecKOlk CJIy}K6oIl 6bIJIO nposepexo Ka-
'IeCTBO HCCJIeAOBaHHSI MSica Ha 4HHH03 Ha MSICO-KOHTpOJIbHbIX CTaH-
imqx paHOHOB, M5ICOKOM6HHaTe, XOJIOAHJIbHHKax H MHconepepa6aTbi-
BaK)II[eM 3aBOAe.
no AaHHbIM MSICOKOHTpOJIbHbIX CTaHILHi Ha pbIHKH MOCKBbI nOCTy-
naeT MSICO, rJIaBHbIM o6pa3oM, H3 pa3JIH'IHbIX pafiOHOB MOCKOBCKO !
06JIaCTH H HHorAa M3 apyrHx o6JIaCTefi. cI HHH03 CKOTa OTMeuaeTCSI B
0,3-1 %p o6CJIeAOBaHHbIX MHCOKOHTpOJIbHbIMH CTaHUHSIMH TyIII. I4HTeH-
CHBHO 3apa)KeHHbIX TyIU, 3a peAKHM HCKJIIOLieHHeM, HeT H B yTHJIb 3a
1955-1956 rr. TyIUH nO'ITH He OTnpaBJIHJIHCb.
HaIMH yCTaHOBJIeHO, TiTO Ha MSICOKOHTpQJIbHbIX CTaHUHHX PbIHKOB
MHCO npOBepSIIOT Ha (JHHH03 110 yTBep}KAeHHbIM HHCTPYKIZHHIM MHHH-
CTepCTBa CeJIbCKoro XO3SIfiCTBa. nPH BbIHBJIeHHH 60JIee 3-4 4)HHH Ha
40 KB. OM MHCO 6paKyeTCH H OTnpaBJISIeTCH Ha yTHJIH3aIUHIO. 1IPH HaJIH-
'iHH 4)HHH B McHbIIIeM HX TIHCJIe MSICO He BbIAaeTCH XO3SIHHy H OTnpag-
.,lHeTCSi AJIS1 o6e3Bpe}KHBaHHSI B KaMepy AJISI 3aMOpa}KHBaHHSi, npH 3TOM
B TOJIIIje MSica TeMnepaTypa AOXOAHT OT -6 Ao -18? C. TaKHM o6pa-
30M, 06e3Bpe}KHBaHHe (JHHH HaCTynaeT Tiepe3 24 Tlaca H Aa}Ke paHbuIe.
Ha M3ICOKOM6HHaTe HM. MHKOSIHa CKOT nocTynaeT H3 psAa o6Jia-
CTeN CoBeTCKoro C0103a, npH 9TOM OTMeTiaeTCSI 3Ha'IHTeJIbHbII 4)HHHO3
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
KpyrTHOrO poraToro CKOTa (4,3-4,9%) H eAHHHEIHble cjlyglaH c HHH03a
csxxeu (0,2-0,3%).
1ZO1-1TH Bce MSICO, noCTynaIOIIjee Ha M5iCOKOM6HHaT nepepa6aTbl-
BaeTC5I Ha McCTe, Ha pbIHOK }Ke HaeT JIHIIIb 10-15%, Bcero xojiHgecTBa.
BeTepHHapHbIH KOHTPOJIb OCyIIjeCTBJISIeTCSI B y60AHOM uexe 3aBOJta nep-
BHLIHOH nepepa60TKH. IIpH HaJIH4HH 60JIee 3 (JHHH Ha 40 KB. CM M5ICO
HAeT B YTHJIb. OJIHaKO, TOT CpaKT, '-ITO CpeJIH pa6OT-IHx MSICOKOM6HHaTa,
3a6OJIeBIIIHX TeHHapHHX030M, HMeIOTCSI JIHIja, pa60TaIOIIIHe B pa3JIHU-
HbIX uexax KOM6HHaTa H conpuxacaloluxecx c npoayKuHeH y}Ke npo-
HleAuleH caHHTapHO-BeTepHHapHbIII HaJj30p, CBHJIeTeJIbCTByeT 0 TOM,
'-ITO HaA30p He BcerAa 06ecnelIHBaeT npaBHJIbxyIO 6paKOBKy Tyul.
Ha XOJIO.LWJIbHHKaX H MSIconepepa6aTbIBaloujeM 3aBoae r. MOCKBbI
npOBOAHTCH TOJIbKO KOHTPOJIb 3a Ka'-IeCTBOM npHCJIaHHOrO MSICa, a Be-
TepHHapHbIII KOHTPOJIb 3a (PHHH030M OCylueCTBJISleTCSI JJHUlb no Conpo-
BOJIHTeJIbHbIM AOKyMeHTaM (KaveCTBeHHoe yJIOCTOBepeHHe H (popMa
Ns 2 - BeTepHHapHOe 3aKJIK)geHHe).
TaKHM o6pa3OM, nPH HeJIOCTaTOgIHOM BeTKOHTpoJIe Ha McCTax, MHCO
H MHCHble npOAyKTbI, HOCTynaK)IuHe H3 XOJIOAHJIbHHKOB H MSlconepe-
pa6aTblBalonjerO 3aBOJta B TOprOByJO CeTb H CeTb 061ueCTBeHHOrO HH;
TaHHSI r. MOCKBbI B OCTbIBUIeM (TeMnepaTypa Mica BbIIIIe +4?)
H OxJIa}KAeHHOM (TeMnepaTypa M5iCa OT 0' AO +4?) BHJje MOryT CJIy-
}KHTb HCTOTIHHKOM 3apa}KeHHSi JIK)AeI3 TeHHaPHHX03OM.
BbICOKHII fpoueHT McCTHbIX cjiygaeB 3apa}KeHHH 3TOH HHBa3Hefi
tpeuH Hace.IeHHSI r. MOCKBbI FOBOPHT 3a TO, '-ITO caHHTapHO-BeTepH-
HapHbIH KOHTpOJIb 3a C))HHH030M CKOTa KaK Ha McCTax, TaK H B r. MO-
CKBe He BeerAa o6ecnegHBaeT BbinyCK B npoAa)Ky HeHHBa3HpOBaHHOrO&
MSICa.
fIpH nOJIBOpHbIX 06CJIeAOBaHHSIX pa60gHX HeKOTOpbIX CBHH000B-
X030B H HX ceMeH, a TaK}Ke MOCKBHgeI-i, HMeIOaU1X HHAHBHJIyaJlbHbIH
CKOT, 60JIbHbIX TeHHapHaX03OM H TeHHO30M MbI He HaIIIJIH.
J1Jin pa3peuienHH nOCTaBJIeHHOH nepeA HaMH 3aAagH JIHKBHJIaUHII
kleCTHbIX CJiyqaeB 3apa)KeHH5I TeHHapHHX03oM HeO6XOAHMO npOBOAHTb
KOMnJieKC MepOnpHHTHH, H3 KOTOpbIX OCHOBHbIM 5IBJI5IIOTC51:
1) OpraHH3aIIHSI CaHHTapHO-BeTepHHapHOrO KOHTPOJISI Ha 4)HHHO3
Bcero M5ICa, nOCTynaloluero Ha XOJIOAHJIbHHKH H MHconepepa6aTblBalo-
IUHH 3aBOA H yCHJieHHe HaA3opa 3a pe}KHMOM H KaEieCTBOM o6e3Bpe}KH-
BaHHSI HHBa3HpOBaHHoro MHCa, a TaK}Ke yCHJIeHHe CaHHTapHO-BeTePH-
HapH000 HaA3opa 3a (JHHH03OM Ha ApyFHX MHCHbIX npeunpH5lTHSlx ro-
poAa;
2) pa3BepTbIBaHHe nOBCeAHeBHOH IUHPOKOH CaHHTapHO-npOCBeTH-
TeJIbHOH pa6OTbI CpeAH HaceJIeHHH H, B nepBYIO oqepejtb, cpeAH JIHU,
fi3aHMMaIOIuHXCSI O6pa6OTKOH MHCa Ha npOH3BOACTBe H B AOMaLUHHX
ycJIOBHSIx;
3) fOJIHOe BbI5IBJIeHHe 60JIbHbIX TeHHaPHHX03OM nyTeM nOABOPHbl?C
O6XOJIOB H MaCCOBOf0 onpoca HaceJIeHH51. OcO6eHHO, cpeAH JIHU, HMe-
IoujHX JIOMau1HHH CKOT, pa60TaIOMHx Ha MSICOKOM6HHaTe, CBHH000B-
X03aX, XOJIOAHJIbHHKax, M5ICOnepepa6aTblBaloujeM 3aBOJ(e H 1IJIeHOB HX
CeMef;
Declassified in Part-Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
4) csoespeMexxoe JIegeHHe Bcex BbISIBJIeHHbIX 60JIbHbIX, CTporHK
ytIeT H aHcnaHcepH3auHSI;
5) npOBeAeHHe yrJly6JleHHoro 9nHReMHOJIOrH4ecxoro paccJIeaOBa-
HHSI Ka}KJZoro c.lygax TeHHHAO30B c o6pameHHeM oco6or0 BHHMaHHH
Ha HCTOiIHHKH H nyTH 3apa}KeHH5I.
TeCHbIfI KOHTaKT H co.npy}KeCTBO B pa6oTe McAHuHHCKHX H )3eTepH-
HapHbIX pa60THHKOB ropoua fOMO}KeT 6bICTpO pa3pelUHTb HOCTaBJIeH-
HyIO nepeA HaMH 3aAaqy JIHKBHAaIZHH TeHHapHHXO3a.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
JI51MBJIHO3 Y )JETEH, EI'O JIEIIEHHE H HPODHJIAKTH-KA
JI. M. gYBEJIEBA
CaH3HH;XCTaHUHA BayMaHCKoro pa%oHa
Pa6oTa n0 60pb6e c KHLIIe4HbIMH fPOCTeihUHMH HaMH 6blJIa HagaTa
B CBSI3H C BbICOKOii 3a6oJleBaeMOCTblO aeTe1i AH3eHTepHeli H RpyrHMH
KHLIIe4HbIMH 3a60JIeBaHHHMH He$ICHO1i 3THOJIOTHH.
06CJIe)LOBaHHIO Ha KHLIIe4Hble npOCTeIhuHe HOJLBePFJIHCb JLeTH, 6oJIb-
Hble XPOHH4eCKO1i AH3eHTepHeli H AJISi KOHTPOJI51 - rpynna H3 (f H3HOJIO-
TH4eCKHX SICJIeii.
B CB$I3H C BbI5IBJ1eHHeM 6oJlbluoro npoueHTa JISIM6JIHO3a cpeAH
,ILeTe1i KOHTpOJIbHOfI rpynnbI, B 4aJ[bHefIIIeM 6bIJIO npOBeJLeHO o6CJIeJZO-
BaHHe geTeli p,Aa SICJieii, AeTCKHX caLLOB, LIIKOJI, a TaK}Ke 06cJIy}KHBa-
IOILLHFi HX nepconajl. Bcero o6cJieAOBaHo 11800 'IeJIOBeK, B TOM 4HCJIe
AeTeli 9500.
H3 naTOreHHbIX npocTeiIHx HaH6oJIee 4acTO BCTpe4aJIHCb JISIM6JIHH.
Oco6eHHO BbICOKa$I nopa}KeHHOCTb JISIM6JIHO3OM OTMegaJIaCb cpeAH
.aeTeli CTpaAaIoaLHX XPOHH4eCKOi A143eHTepxei H 6OJIbHbIX C KHIne4-
HbIMH paCCTPOI3CTBaMH HeSICHOIi 3THOJIOI'HH. TIHM6JIH03 Y 9THX KOHTHH-
reHTOB AOCTHraji 45-60%, B TO BpeMSI KaK y AeTe i 3AOPOBbIX SiuJIef OT
21,8% Ao 29%.
UpyrHe BHJLbI KHIIIe4HbIX npocTeI3LIHx 6bIJIH BbIHBneHbl B He3Ha4H-
TeJIbHOM npoueHTe. HHBa3HpOBaHHOCTb JIHM6JIH5IMH 3JLOPOBbIIX JLeTe1i
B BO3PaCTe aO I roaa He3Ha4HTeJIbHa (7OJ ). HaH60Jlee nOpa)KeHHbIMH
$1BJI511OTCSl JLeTH OT 2 JLo 4 JIeT (35%).
C BO3PaCTOM npOLLeHT JI5IM6JiHO3a CHH}KaeTCH. TaK, B rpynne AeTe1i
OT 4 Ao 5 JIeT HHBa3HPOBaHHOCTb JISIM6JIHSIMH HH}Ke no4TH a 2 pa3a no
CpaBHeHHIO C npe.blJLynueH rpynnoii, a cpeAH IIIKOJIbHHKOB JIS1M6JfH03
6b1J1 o6Hapy)KeH TOJIbKO B 4,7-1,3%.
Y 60JIbHbIX, HaXOJLHBLnHXCa nO, HaIIIHIM Ha6JIIOJLeHneM JISIM6JIHO3
KJIHHH4eCKH npOHBJIHJIC$ pa3JIH'HO.Y OJLHHX OH HPOTexaJ1 6eccHMn-
TOMHO, y apyrHx 6bIJIH npH3HaKH TSI}KeJIOH HHTOKCHKaIHH, oco6eHHO TSI-
}KeJIO nepeHOCSIT JISIM6JIHO3 AeTH C OCJIa6JIeHHBIM OpraHH3MOM H CTpa-
AaionLHe 6aLLHJIJIHPHOI3 RH3eHTepHef. Y HaLIIHX 60JIbHbIX JI5iM6JIHO3OM
C 5IBJIeHH51MH HHTOKCHKauHH OTMe'aJiaCb 6bICTpa51 yTOMJIHeMOCTb, pa3-
JLpa)KHTeJIbHOCTb, nJ1aKCHBOCTb, rOJI(YBOKpy)KeHHe, nOTepsi anneTHTa,
TOIHHOTa, OTBPaLLLeHHe K IHIILe, OTCTaJIOCTb B 4)H3H4eCKOM pa3BHTHH,
HeyCTOH'HBbIii CTyJI. TaK y 130 AeTefl SlceJlbHorO Bo3paCTa JIHM6JIHo3
JLaBaJi JLH3eHTepHe-noAo6Hble HOHOCbI CO CJIH3bIO.
HaH6oJIee 4acTO JI5IM6JIHO3Haa HHTOKCHKaILHSI Ha6JlloaaeTCx y Ae-
TeIi JLOLUKOJ1bHOr0, OCO6eHHO SICeJIbHOFO Bo3paCTa.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
IIpH npOBeReHH1I JIegeHHH no nOBO,gy JIHM6JIHO3a 6oJle3HeHHble
HBJIeHHSI 3aMeTHO OcJIa6JISi1IHCb HJIH HCTie3aJIH,ReTH npH6aBJIHJIH B Bece,
CTYJI HOPMaJIH3OBaJICH. Y 60JIbHbIX CTpaRaloiuHx 6auHJIJIHpHOIi LH-
3eHTepHeli noc,ie H3JletieHHH HX OT JIHM6JIHO3a 3aMeTHO nOBbICHJIaCb
94(peKTHBHOCTb iie4eHHH OCHOBHOrO 3a60JIeBaHHH.
OCBo6o>KReHHe OT JIHM6JIHO3a ReTeli (pH3HOJIOrH4eCKHX sic ieli Ro
BbIBO3a HX B JIeTHHe 03ROPOBHTeJIbHble 3arOpORHble Y4pe}KReHHH 3Ha-
4HTeJIbHO CHH}KaJIO 4HCJI0 JIeTHHX nOHOCOB H crloco6CTBOBaBJIO JIy4LIIe k
nonpaBKe ReTef1.
JIe4eHHe OT JIHM6JIHO3a npOBORHJIOCb aKPHXHHOM no 06bI4HOii McTO-
RHKe. HaMH OTMegeHO, TO nHLIjeBOli pe}KHM, BKJI1O4a1OIliHli MHCO-MO-
JIO4Hy1O aHeTY H MOJIO4HO-KHCJIble fPORYKTbI (TBOpOr, CMeTaHa, aLuHRO-
(IHJIHH, Ke(PHp, npOCTOKBaula, (4pyKTOBble COKH) H HCKJI104eHHe H3 pa-
LjHOHa B RHH JIegeHHH nHwH 6oraTOH paCTHTeJIbHOI-I KJIeT4aTKOli
(OBOIIjH, (4pyKTbI, 4epHblli x.ne6) 3Ha4HTeJIbHo noBbinuaeT 3("eKTHB-
HOCTb JIe4eHHH JIHM6JIHO3a aKpHXHHOM.
TaKHM o6pa3oM, HaILIH Ha6JuOReHHH nOKa3aJIH, 4TO BbIHBJIeHHP.
JIHM6JIH03a, oco6eHHO cpeRH ReTeii MJiajiuerO BO3paCTa H CBOeBpeMeH-
Hoe ero JIe'eHHe HMeeT 6oJIbIHOe 3Ha4eHHe TaK KaK JIHM6JIH03 He 6e3-
pa3JIH4eH aJIH (PopMHpylolueroCH OpraHH3Ma pe6eHKa.
,aim ycnelHHOIi 60pb6b1 C JIHM6JIHO3OM B ReTCKHX ygpe}KReHHHx
HeO6XORHMO HapHRy c Jle'e6HbIMH MepOnPHHTHHMH nPOBORHTb CaHH-
TaPHO-rHrHeHH4eCKHe McPOfPHHTHH no oxpaHe H O3ROPOBJIeHH1O BHeIII-
Heli Cpeijbl OT 3arpH3HeHH$1 UHCTaMH JIHM6J1HIi. CaHHTapHO-npOCBeTH-
TeJIbHaH pa6oTa CpeRH o6CJ1y}KHBalonjero nepCOHaiia H PORHTeJ1CH
ROJDKHa 3aHHMaTb OIHO H3 BeayI IX McCT B KOMnJ1eKCe 9THX Mepo-
npHSITHIi.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
K BOHPOCY 0 JIEqEHHH BOJIbHbIX
AH4)HJIJIOBOTPHO3OM
Kand. Med. Hayrc
T. C. IUE,II5IIII1HA
(CaH3nHACTBHLHA r. MOCKBHI)
KaK H3BeCTHO, HaH6oJlee paCnPOCTpaHeHHbIMH McTOAaMH JIe4eHH I
6oJIbHbIX j[HC4HJIJIO6OTPHO30M 5IBJI5ieTCH Ha3HaqeHHe 3(pHPHOrO 3KCTpaK-
Ta H3 KOPHeBHILta My)KCKOI'O nanOPOTHHKa H TbIKBeHHbIX ceMAH. B no-
cjlejIHee BpeMA B IPaKTHKY BXOAHT npHMeHeHHe aKPHXHHa H cyxoro
npenapaTa H3 KOpHeBHHja nanopOTHHKa, TaK Ha3bIBaeMOro q)HJIHKCaHa
(rBHMpHHa).
HO JIHTepaTypHbIM uaHHbIM H HHCTPYKTHBHO-McTOAHLIeCKHM MaTe-
pHaJIaM, npH JIeLIeHHH JIHIJ, nHBa3HpoBaHHbIX KPYIIHbIMH genH51MH H
JIeHTeuaMH, 3(pnpHbIH 3KCTpaKT naHOPOTHHKa peKOMeHayeTCA npHMe-
HATb B j(03e JIJIA B3pOCJIOrO LIejiOBeKa 4-7 r.
Y'-IHTbIBaH TOKCHIIHOCTb 3KCTpalcra nanOPOTHHKa H RJIO.l'VIO nepeHO-
CHMOCTb er0 HeKOTOpbIMH 60JIbHbIMH, MbI, no npeAJIO}KeHHIO 11p0(p.
H. H. HJIOTHHKOBa, npOBO.L HJIH JIeLIeHne j[H4)HJIJIo6oTpno3a CHH}KeH-
HbIMH j[03aMH 3TOrO npenapaTa. KpoMe TOTO, Mb! npHMeHAJIH aKpHXHH?
H ero co4eTaHHe C 3KCTpaKTOM nanopOTHHKa HJIH C TbIKBeHHbIMH ce-
McHaMH.
HOjt HaIIIHM Ha6JnoAeHHeM 6bIJIO 955 6oJIbHbIX.
BOJIbiuoe BHHMaHHe 6bIJIO yjjeJIeHO pa3pa6oTKe McTOAHKH nojiro-
TOBKH 6oJIbHorO K aereJIbMHHTF3aUHH.
HaMH yCTaHOBJIeHO, LITO nepeA Ha3HaLleHneM re JIbMHHTOUHAHbIX
apenapaTOB j[OCTaTOT-IHO AaBaTb CJIa6HTeJIbHOe OAHH pa3, TaK KaK 3TO
He TOJIbKO He CHH}KaeT 3(p4)eKTHBHOCTb JIeLIeHHA, HO H yMeHbuIIaeT 4a-
CTOTy H CTeneHb no60MHbIX ABJIeHHH.
MbI He Ha3HagaJIn 6OJIbHbIM KaKOI3-JIH60 oco6oI3 j[HeTbI H OrpaHH-
4eHHI3 B nHiae nepeA AereJIbMHHTH3aL[HeH. OCJIa6JIeHHbIM 60JIbHbIM H
AeTAIM, a TaK}Ke BCeIM npO}KHBaIOIL[HM Z aJIeKO OT ,i[HCBHOrO CTaLIHOHapa,
peKOMeHAOBaJIOCb YTPOM B jjeHb JIeLIeHHH BbIHHTb ,IIOMa cJIaAKHH LIaku
6e3 XJIe6a. Bce 3TO 3HaLIHTeJIbHO CHH}KaJIO LIHCJIO OCJIO}KHeHHH npH Jte-
geHHH.
06 34)(peKTHBHOCTH JieueHHA B OCHOBHOM MbI CYAHJIH no OTXOAV
vapa3HTOB B AHeBHOM CTaIIHOHape, TaK KaK Y HeKOTOpbIX 6OJIbHbIX, V
,KOTOpbIX reJIbMHHTbI BbIAeJIAJIHCb AOMa, HCCJIeaOBaTb (peKaJIHH He
npeACTaBJIAJIOCb BO3MO}KHbIM.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
aKCTpaKT H3 KOPHeBHnia My}KCKOrO nanOPOTHHXa B `A03e 1,5-2,5 r
1IOJIytIHJIH 142 B3pOCJIbIX 6OJIbHbIX, npH 3TOM OTXOA JIeIfTeuOB' c ro-
JIOBKOIf 6bwl y 94 60JIbHbIX, WO COCTBBJI$IeT 66%. $O~bii 2,5 r.
9KCTpaKTa narIOPOTHHKa B3pOCJIbIM 60JIbHbIM MbI He Ha3HatIaJIH,, TaK
,KaK Aaxce npH yKa3aHHbIX a03ax npenapaTa BeCbMa ZgacTO pa313H.Ba-
JIHCb no6o Hble $IBJIeHHH.
AKPHXHH MbI npHMeHSIJIH B McHbLIHX A03ax, qeM 'M. P, Ha3HpOB,
T. r1. rJIaIIIKHHa H C. M. TyaeB (1954). 64 6oJIbHbIM 'JletreHHe , QPOBo-
AHJIH no cJlelly}CLLTeTi cxeMe: aKPHXHH Ha3HatIaJln HaTouxaK no 0,4-
0,6 r (no 1-2 Ta6JIeTKH Ka}Kj[ble 5 MHHyT) c nocJieayio!JHM npHeMOM
coneBoro cJIa6HTeJIbHoro ZIepe3 qac. a[a}Ke npH 3THX A03ax y 6OJIbHbIx
nOHBJIHJIacb TOUIHOTa H PBOTa.
OTxoA napa3HTOB C rOJIOBKaMH Ha6JI! gaJICSi JIHInb y 23 'H3 64
6OJIbHbIX.
CTpeMAcb nOBbICHTb 34)(PeKTHBHOCTb JletIeHHH, MbI peUIIHJIH npH-
6erHyTb K COZIeTBHHIO 3KCTpaKTa naHOPOTHHKa C aKpHXHHOM. HaKaHyHe
JletIeHHA nanopOTHHKOM 60JIbHOH npHHHMaJI aKPHXHH ` (3 pa3a no
0,2 r nocne eabI) H Ha HOZIb - cJIa6HTeJIbHoe. JIeueHHe 3KCTpaKTOM na-
nOPOTHHKa nPOBOAHJIH no 06bI4HOIi McTORHKe B A03aX,QT 1, Ao 2,5 r.
H3 167 B3pOCJIbIX 60JIbHbIX, nOJIYtIHBIlHX nocne npHeMa' aKPHXHHI 1-
.1,5 r 3KCTpaKTa nanOpOTHHKa, OTXOA neHTeUOB C rOJIOBKOIi 6biny 120
(71,9,%'). 143 183 60JIbHbIX, noJIy'THBIIIHx 2-2,5 r npenapaTa, OTxoa na-
pa3HTOB CO CKOneKCOM OTMetieH y 142 (77,6%).
TaKHM o6pa3OM, npeABapHTenbHoe Ha3HatieHHe aKPHXHHa nOBbI?
CHJIO 3(4eKTHBHOCTb netleHHA MaJIbIMH A03aMH 3KCTpaKTa nanopOTHH-
Ka. 11pH 3TOM OTMegeHO,gTO Llenecoo6pa3Hee Ha3Hat{aTb aKPHXHH Ha-
KaHyHe netleHHA nanOpOTHHKOM BO BTOPYIO nOJIOBHHY AHA no 0,3 nocne
o6eja H y)KHHa, TaK KaK 3T0 noBbIIIIa.Io 34)(PeKTHBHOCTb netleHHSI.
BbixoA neHTeua c rOJIOBKOIi HaCTYnHJI npH 3TOM y 80% 60JIbHbIX. 11pHeM
YKa3aHHbIX A03 aKPHXHHa nocne eabi rlepenoCHnc5 6e3 no60gHbIX
ABneHHii.
Heo6XOAHMO OTMeTHTb, ZITO 3(pq)eKTHBHOCTb netICHHH 6bIJIa 60nb-
me, TaK KaK Y MHOrHX 60nbHbIX BbiaeneHHe napa3HTOB npOHCXOAHJIO BHe
AHeBHOrO CTaL[HOHapa.
4aCTb 60nbHbIX BCneACTBHe OTAaneHHOCTH HX )KHTeJIbcTBa OT Me-
AHIIHHCKOrO rI HKTa coo6u ana nHCbMeHHO o6 OTXOAe Y HHX napa3HTOB.
Y Tex 60nbHbIX, y KOTOPbIX OTXOA napa3HTOB HaCTYnaJI B aHeBHOM
CTaIIHOHape, B (PeKaJIHHX MbI 06bIt4HO 06HapW}KHBaJIH H CKOneKCbl neH-
TeIIOB: H3 381 60nbHOrO napa3HTb1 C rOnOBKaMH OTOIiJJIH y 356 (93,4%),
6e3 rOJIOBOK TOJIbKO y 25 (6,6%). TaKHM o6pa3OM, cneAyeT ayMaTb,
WO y 60JIbIIIHHCTBa 60nbHblX, y KOTOpbIX BbIAeneHHe napa3HTOB npO-
H30InnO AOMa, renbMHHTbI OTOLIInH c rOJIOBKaMH.
OTBapoM H3 TbIKBeHHbIX CeMHH no 06bItIHOH McTOAHKe HaMH npOBe-
JIeHO netleii ie 16 60nbHbIX; OTXOA napa3HTOB C rOJIOBKaMH 6bin y 7.
,qnA yBeJlHtieHHSI 3("eKTHBHOCTH netieHHH HaKaHYHe npHeMa OTBapa
H3 TbIKBeHHbIX CeMHH Ha3HatIaJIH aKPHXHH no 0,2 r 3 pa3a B AeHh
nocne eAbl. Y 24 H3 39 60JIbHJ IX, negennbix no yKa3aHHO13 McTOAHKe,
OTOIIIJIH aeHTeixbi CO CKOneKcaMH. 9 60nbHbwx nOny'HJIH HaTomaK 0,3 r
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
aKp}XHHa m xiepe3 5 MHHyT nocne npHeMa noc.meAHec erO Ta6J1eTKH -
OTBap, npHI'OTOBJIeHHbIii H3 300 r TbIKBeHHbIX CeMSIH; Y Bcex 60JIbHbIX
reJIbMHHTbI OTOIIJIH C rOJIOBKaMH B AHeBHOM CTauHOHape. TaKHM o6pa-
30M, nOJly4aeTCSI BnegaTJIeHHe, LITO aKpHXHH HOBbIIIIaeT 3oeKTHB-
HOCTb JIegeHHSI TbIKBeHHbIMH ceMeHaMH, oco6eHHO npH Ha3HageHHH
o60HX npenapaTOB B OAHH AeHb.
B HaCTOSIIuee BpeMH B MOCKBe McTOA 3TOT IIIHpOKO H C 6oJIbUIHM
ycnexoM HCHOJIb3yeTCSI npH JIegeHHH 6OJIbHbIX rHMeHOJIenHJL03OM H Te-
HHHA03aMH.
Oco6ble TpyJ[HOCTH npeACTaBJISieT JiegeHHe AeTeii H nOApOCTKOB.
Bo3M0}KHO, LITO CpaBHHTeJIbHO MaJIaH 9(p(peKTHBHOCTb JIe4eHHH
)jeTeI1 H IOAPOCTKOB 9KCTpaKTOM HafOPOTHHKa O6yCJIOBJIHBaeTCH He-
O6XOAHMOCTbIO Ha3Ha4eHHH HM CHH}KeHHbIX, HO CpaBHeHH1O CO B3pOC-
JIbIMH J[03 CJIa6HTeJIbHOrO. HaHJIy4IUHe pe3yJIbTaTbl npH JIegeHHH ae-
TeFi H IIOAPOCTKOB MbI HOJIy4HJIH npH COLIeTaHHH aKPHXHHa C 3KCTpaKTOM
nanOpOTHHKa.
AKpHXHH B A03e 0,15-0,2 r 2 pa3a B AeHb noc.ne eAbl HaKaHyHe JIe-
4eHHSI nanOpOTHHKOM 6bIJI Ha3HaqeH 104 AeTHM H HOApOCTKaM 6-16
JIeT, no604HbIX SIBJIeHHiI npH 3TOM He 6bIJIO. HanOpOTHHK Ha3HagajiCA
B Jj03e 1,0-2,0 r, npH 3TOM OTXOJ[ JIeHTeUOB C rOJIOBKOI3 OTMe'eH B
56,9%.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
KAPTHHA KPOBH IIPH AII4 HJIJIOBOTPINO3E*)
KaHO. aced. Kayic
C. UIEJIf717HHA.
(CaH3nHACTaHI(HH r. MOCKBbl)
B CBH3H C IIIHpOKHM pacnpOCTpaHeHHeM B p}j[e paI3OHOB CCCP H 3a-
py6ex(HbIX cTpaHax AH(PHJIJI060TpHO3OB H B03MO KHOCTbIO pa3BHTHH npH
HHX TH)KeJIbIX KJIHHHTICCKHX (pOpM aHeMHH IIepHHAH03HOrO THna, H3yue-
HHe HX H opraHH3aIjHH 60pb6bl C HHMH HBJIHeTCSI O,i(HOI3 H3 Ba)KHeIiSIIHX
3aAaTI McAHUHHCKOIi reJIbMHHTOJIOTHH.
HecMOTPH Ha 6oJIbmIIoe TIHCJIO pa60T, rIOCBHIIjeHHbIX AH()HJIJIo60TPIi-
03HOH aHeMHH, OHa He MO}KeT CTIHTaTbCH OKOHTIaTeJIbHO H3y4eHHOIi
H B JIHTepaType CylueCTByIOT pa3Hope,4HBble MHeHHH o ee TIaCTOTe H KJIH-
HHTIeCKHX (~OpMax.
fI09TOMy MbI HOCTaBHJIH nepe,q co60Ii 3a,gaxIy H3yTIHTb Mop()oJIorH-
TIeCKHe H3MeHeHHH KPOBH Y 6OJIbHbIX AH(f HJIJIo6OTpHO3oM, npec.nej.ys
IjeJlb npHBJIegb BHHMaHHe Bpaqeli K BOHpOCHM paxxel3 JIHarHOCTHKH
H TepaUHH 3TOTO 60JIe3HeHHoro COCTOHHHH.
BMeCTe C TeM, MbI COTIJIH HeO6XOAHMbIM HCCJIeAOBaTb KpOBb H Y JIHIU
He HHBa3HpOBaHHbIX reJIbMHHTaMH, npO)KHBaro[gHX B paliOHe HaIIIHX
Ha6Jno,geHHIi jjJIH Toro, TITo6bI yTIeCTb BO3MO)KHOCTb BJIHHHHSI Ha KPOBe-
TBOpeHHe j(pyrHX (PaKTOPOB.
3Ta pa6oTa BbIIIOJIHeHa noj[ pyKOBOACTBOM np0(p. H. H. fJIOTHHXOBa.
Bcero HaMH 6bIJIo o6cJlejLOBaxo 6e3 noA6opa 679 60JIbHbIX AHq)HJI-
JIo6oTpH03OM: 468 3KeHII[HH H 211 My}KTIHH.
O6CJIeAOBaHHe nOKa3aJlo, TITO y 60JIbHbIX AH(IHJIJI06OTpHO3OM Ha
nepBblx nJIaH BbICTynaIOT H3MeHeHHH CO CTOPOHbI KpOBH, rlpH 3TOM HaH-
60JIee XapaKTepHOIi TIepTOH HBJIHeTCH MeraJIo6JI8CTH1IeCKHIi THn KpOBe-
TBopeHHH. Y 38 (5,5%) JIHIk Ha6JuoJJaJlaCb KapTHHa T$I)KeJIOIi AH4)JIHJI-
JIo60TpHO3HOIi aHeMHH nepHHI(H03Horo THna c naj[eHoeM TIHCJIa 3pHTpO-
AHTOB Ao 690.000 B OAHOM MM3 KPOBH H reMorJIO6HHa Ao 25 eAH-
HHU - 4,2 %.
BoJiee JIerKHe (f OpMbI MaJIOKp0BHH Cpej[H HeHHBa3HpoBaHHbIx JIeH-
TeuaMH BCTpeTIa.IHCb 4a}Ke HeCKOJIbKO game, TIeM y 6OJIbHbIX jjH()HJIJIO-
60TPHO30M, OAHaKO, XapaKTep aHeMHH B o6eHx 3THX rpynnax pa3-
JIHTIHbIIi.
* Ho MaTepHallaM 3KCne,i{HUHH HHCTHTyTa Ma.IHpHH, Mej(HI(HHcIco napa3HTOJIO-
rHH H reJIbMHHTOJIOrHH MHHHCTepCTBa 3ApaBooxpaHeHH59 CCCP B KapeJlbcKyIO ACCP.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
TaK Y JIHu KOHTpOJIbHOI1 rpyanbl TIaCTO BCTpeqaJiacb FHHOXPOMHSI,
B TO BpeMSI KaK y MHOrHX 6OJIbHbIX RHq)HJIJIO6OTpHO3OM IJBeTHOI3 nOKa3a-
TeJIb 6bIJI BbILHe 1,1.
Cpe,aHHr3 aHaMeTp 3pHTPOLIHTOB Bbllie 8 ? , HMeJIH 51 % JIHU, HHBa3H-
pOBaHHbIX JIeHTeuaMII H TOJIbKO 3,3% - CBo60lHbIX OT reJIbMHHTOB.
Y 33,5% 6oJIbHbIX AH()HJIJI06oTpHO3oM T HCJIO MaKPOIJHTOB 6bIJIO BbILHe
30%, B TO BpeMH KaK Y JIHJJ, CBo60AHbIX OT HHBa3HH, 9TOFO He Ha6Jn0-
AaJio b. Heo6XOAHMO TaKMKe OTMeTHTb, 14TO y 106 60JIbHbIX aiiq)i IJI060-
TPHO3OM Iiali1LeHbl,BpHTOpOUHTbI JLHaMeTPOM 1211 H 6ojiee. TaKHM o6pa-
30M, Mbt HMeJIH BO3MO}KHOCTb yCTaHOBHTb y 60JIbHbIX AH(JHJIJIo6OTPHO3OM
C,i(BHr KpHBOI1 rlpai3C-J}KOHCa Bnpaso. CABHr 3PHTpowHTOMeTpHLIeCKofi
KpHBOH Bnpaso Ha6JHoJ aJIc5I y 60JIbHbIX KaK TOR HJIH HHOI1 CTeneHbJO
nOHH)KeHHH ElHCJIa 3PHTPOLWHTOB H reMOrJIO6HHa, TaK H 6e3 Hero.
M3yLIeHHe MOp4 oJIOTHH 3PHTPOUHTOB BbISIBHJIO y 158 60JIbHbIX Haim-
Mme pe3~o i3bipa)KeHHOTO aHH30UHT03a H y 30 JIHL[ - nOi-IKHJiOI[HT03a,
'aCTbie HaXo,rU H 60JIbuIOro gHC.Ia rHnepXpOMHbIX H nOJIHXpoMaTO(4HJIb-
HbIX '3p1ITpOUHTOB 7 3HeKOTOpbIX 60JIbHbIX 6bIJIH HaI%IAeHbi 6a30(jJHJIbHO-
flyrlKTHpbBafiHile 3PHTPOLLHTbI H 3PHTPOIJHTbI C SiAPOM H OCTaTKa!MH
5IAepH6H Cy6CTafAHH, npmeM y 6 H3 HHX o6Hapy}KeHbi MeraJIo6JIaCTbI.
HMI Y OAHOr0 geJIOBexa H3 KOHTPOJIbHOI-I rpynnbi BblLnenepeqHCJreH-
Hble MOp4)oJrorN4eCKHe H3MeHeHHSI 3PHTPOUHTOB He OTMe~IeHbI.
HccJIegoB'aHHe peaKL[HH OCeAaHHH 3PHTPOUHTOB BbIHBHJIO, MTO y 40%
6OJIbHbIX' 11iI4 HJiJIO6OTPHO3oM OHa 6biJla yCKopeHa.
rlpr; H3ytieHHH 6eJIbIX KPOBBHbIX Tea BHAHO, LITO Bblpa)KeHHa} iieI%I-
KOneHHH Ha6JIIOAaJIaCb y HOJIOBHHbI 6OJIbHbIX C TSI}KeJI0I3 AHd)HJIJIO6OTpH-
O3HO i alleMfef'i H y 20% 60JIbHb'X AH4)HJIJI06OTpHO3OM c JIerKOid
BHeMHeR.
I'I3MeHeHSHI JIeIiKOi(HTapHOI3 q)OpMyJibl OTMeile'bl TOJIbKO B rpynne
6OJIbHbIXC Bblpd}KeHHOI-r AHq)HJIJIO60TPHO3HOR alleMHeIi. Y HHX 4aCTO
BCTpe'a.naCb HeIiiponeHHR H MOHOgHTOneHHB, 303HH04HJIHSI HenOCTOSIH-
Ha. Y 106 (15,6%) 60JIbHbIX AH(1HJIJI06OTpHO3OM MbI YCTaHOBHJIH HaJiH-
lIHe 6o.ni wHX . HeiTpO(j)HJIOB C noJIHCerMeHTHpOBaHHbIM SIAPOM H
y 366 JIHIj (53 ?%) , HMeJIaCb pe3KO Bbipa}KeHHaSI TOKCoreHHa$ 3epHHC-
TOCTb ne 3Tpoc)HJIJIOB.
9,H y OAHOTO qejiOBeKa H3 KOHTPOJIbHOri rpynnbl 3TH H3MeHeHHSI He
OTMelqeHbi.
TaKHM O6pa3OM, y 67,6% 60JIbHbIX AH(~HJIJIO6OTpH030M HaMH yCTa
HOBJIeHbI 6OJIee HJIH McHee pe3KHe H3MeHeHHSi KpOBH. 5,5% 60JIbHMIX
6bIJIO 'C T56keJIOi1 am(4HJIJIO60TpHO3HoR alleMHeri.
Y 328 '1eJIOBeK (48,2%) YCTaHOBJIeHO HaJIHiIHe JIerKHX, CTepTbIX
(pOPM MaJIOKPOBHSl, rIPH KOTOPOM HMeJIOCb He60JIb1IIoe HJIH yMepeHHoe
yMeHbLHeHHe tmCJIa 3PHTPOIUHTOB H KOJIHtIeCTBa reMorJIo6HHa, MaKpo-
MeraJIQI);HT03, rHnePXPOMHH 3pHTpOL(HTOB, peTHKyJIOIUHTOneHHH, rH-
raHTCKHe HeFITPO()HJIbI C HOJIHCerMeHTHpOBaHHbIM SIAPOM H T. A.
Y 93 IierroBeK (13,7%) npH HaJIH'IHH HOpMaJIbHOrO 4HCJIa 9PHTPOI;H-
TOB H KOJIH'eCTBa reMOrJi06HHa HMeJICSI Bblpa}KeHHbIN MaKpOgHT03, rH-
nepxpoMHble 3pHTpOI.iHTbl, peTHKyJIOuHTOneHHSI, Hei'ITPO(!HJIbl c nOJIHCer-
McHTHPOBaIIHbIM SIApOM, TOKCOreHHa5I 3epHHCTOCTb He13TPO4)HJIOB.
358
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
rlpH aHaJIH3e BbIIIIencpe4HCJIeHHbIX H3MeHeHHI3 KPOBH y 6OJIbHbIX
AH(cHJIJI06oTpHO30M, c pa3JIH4HOI3 1 aBHOCTb1O H HHTeHCHBHOCTb1O HHBa-
3HH, C03,1IaeTCH BIIegaTJIeHHe, TO KaK ,IjaBHOCTb HHBa3HH, TaK H ee HH-
TeHCHBHOCTb HMe1OT 3Ha4eHHe B pa3BHTHH BaTOJIOrH4eCKHX H3MeHeHHH
KpOBH. CpeAH JIHIL C 6OJIbHIOI3 AaBHOCT IO HHBa3HH H 60JIbHbIX, HHBa3H-
POBaHHbIX HeCKOJIbKHMH 3K3eMIIJi5IpaMH JIeHTegoB, Bblpa)KeHHble aHe-
MHH BCTpeTaJIHCb 4alue, 4eM cpeAH 60JIbHbIX CO CBe?KeIi H MaJIO HHTeH-
CHBHOH HHBa3HeIi.
naTOJIOnH?IecKHe H3MeHeHH5I KPOBH yCTaHOBJIeHbI IIO4TH B OAHHaK'O-
BOM IIPOIjeHTe y }KeHHLHH (68,5%) H Y My}K4HH (65,4%), OAHaKO, 60-
.nee BbIpa}KeHHble aHeMHH y )KeHIILHH BCTpe4aJIHCb flame, 4eM y My)K-
4HH.
BbMpa3KeHHb1e (popMbi MaJJOKPOBHSI- Ha6.'1tORaJ1HCb IIaMII oAHHaKOBO
4aCTO cpeAH JIHIU pa3HbIX B03paCTOB.
TaKHM O6pa3oM, IIPH HHBa3HH JIeHTeILOM MOI'yT pa3BHBaTbCH KaK TSI-
)KeJIble TaK H JIerKHe, CTepTble (DopMbl MaJIOKpOBHSI, KOTOpble HOCSIT 4ep-
TbI IIepHHIuH03Hofl aHeMHH. foc.neAHHe Pa3BHBa1OTCSI y 60JIbHbIX ,i[H()HJI,
.no60TPHO3OM 3Ha4HTeJIbHO 4ai a IIepBbIX, OAHaKO, AO HaCTOHHjero Bpe-
McHH QHH OCTaJOTCSI BHe BHHMaHHSI Bpa4eIi. Me}Kgy TeM, CBOeBpeMeHHOe
BbISIBJIeHHe Ha4aJIbHbIX (~OPM 3a6OJIeBaHH5I AaCT BO3MO)KHOCTb IIpa-
BHJIbHO IIOAOI3TH K JIegeHHIO 60JIbHOTO H IIpeAynpeAHTb pa3BHTHe TSIxce-'
JIOFO M3JIOKPOBHH yrpo KiiBaHH5i reMo-
AHTHgeCKOrO CTpenTOKOKKa n0 McTOAHKe, HPeJJIO3KeHHOIi UHI4JU4.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
DTa McTOAHKa 3aKJIK)4aeTC51 B TOM, LITO 3a6op npo6 npOH3BOAHTCH
CTepHJIbHbIMH MapJIeBbIMH CaJI(peTKaMH 5 cMX5 CM, c.nerxa yBJia}KHeH-
HbIMH (pn3n0JIOrHLICCKHM paCTBOPOM (NaCI-0,85 %) . CaJlc)eTKH nocJie
CH51TH5I CMbIBa noMenjaioTCSi B HIHPOKHe npo6HpKH, coAep}KaLuHe 10 MJI
(pH3HOJIOrwieCKOvO paCTBopa c 6ycaMH. r1OCJie BCTpHXHBaHH53 npo6HPOK
B TeueHlie 2 MHHYT np0II3BOAHTC5I BbICeB ()H3HOJIOrHLieCKOro paCTBOpa H3
Hpo61IPOK B KO.JIHLIeCTBe 0,1; 0,5; 1,0 Ha OTAeJIbHble LIaIIIKH rlerpH, caJi-
(peTKH TaK}Ke 3aCeBaIOTCSI Ha OTAeJIbHble LIallIKn rleTpH.
)KHAKOCTb H CaJ7(peTKH B LlainKax rleTpH 3aJIHBaIOTC54 pacnJIaBJIeH-
Hoil cpeAoi Fappo.
B jjaJIbHeRuieM Hccjiej[oBaxxe nPOH3BOjjHTCSI TaK}Ke KaK H no McTO-
AHKe, npeAJio}Kex1IOH E. 14. CTenaHOBOH.
IZOMHMO HCHOJIb3OBaHHH BbIUIeOfHCaHHbIX MCTOAHK aJI51 BbIAeJ1eHH5I
reMOJIHTHLIeCKOI'O CTperITOKOKKa, MbI TaK}Ke no elijaJiH CaJi(pcTKH CO
CMbIBaMH B npo6HpKH, coj ep}KamHe 3 MJI (pH3HoJIornLIecxoro pacTBopa.
B Jla6opaTOplln COAep}KHMOe Hpo6HpOK BMeCTe c CaJI(peTKaMH nepeceBa-
JIH B LIaUIKH rleTpH, KOTOpble 3aJIHBaJIHCb pacnnaBJIeHHOH cpeAOI-I Fappo.
JXaJiee HccJIeAOBaHHe npOAOJI}Ka.IOCb KaK H B npeAbiAynjnx OnblTax.
TaKHM o6pa3oM, B HaCTOSIujel1 pa60Te napaJineJIbHO npOH3BOAHJIC51
3a6op MaTepna.na B TPH pa3JIHLIHbie rpynnbi npO6HpOK Ka}KAaI H3 KOTO-
pblX coAep}KaJIa 6yJIboH, (pH311oJIorHLieCKIII pacTBOp 10 MJI H 4)H3HOJ10-
rHLIeCKHH pacTBop 3 MJI.
Ka}KAax npo6a BKJIIOLIaJra B ce6H 3 cMbIBa, B3SITbie OTAe.JIbHbIMH
caJl(peTKaMH c poBHOI3 nJIOHjaAH 6JIH3Jie>KaIUHx McCT nOBepXHOCTH npeA-
McTa.
BbIJlo B35ITO 37 rlpo6 B CKapJIaTHH03HOM oTAeJJleHHH 441 JIeTCKOH
1H(peKuHOHHo 160JIbHHUbI H 37 npo6 B 5-TH oLIarax CKapJIaTHHbI y 60JIb-
HbIX, OCTaBUIHXCSI Ha AOMy. rlpO6bl 6bIJIH B35ITbI C nocTeJIH H nocyAbl
60JIbHoro, CTCHbI y 1OCTeJIH 60JIbHOrO, c nOJIa, HrpylueK, KJIeeHKH CTOJIa.
rlpo6a CYHTaJ1aCb 1OJIO}KHTeJIbHOH B cJiyLIae 06Hapy}KeHHH XOTSI 6bI
OAHOfI KOJIOHHH reMOJIHTHLIeCKOrO CTpe1TOKOKKa B BbICeBaX H3 6yJIbOHa
HJIH 4)H3HOJ1orM1qecKoro paCTBopa, a TaK}Ke COOTBeTCTByK)UjeH caJI4)eTKH.
B Ta6JIHlue npeLCTaBJieHbI CyMMHpOBaHHble AaHHble HO BbICeBaeMOCTH
reMOJIHTHLieCKoro CTpenTOKOKKa.
Bcero
npo6
B % B % B 0/')
H3 (4H3HoaorH9eCKoro
pacTBopa
no McTOUHKe UHHJIH
H3 (4H3HonorH9ecKoro
pacTBopa
c can(peTKOM
37
27 73
I 17 40,5 I
23 62,1
Flo ovaraM
37
36 I 97,3
I 22 I 59,4 23 61,1
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
143 Ta6JIH4bI BHJ1HO, 'ITO H3 37 npo6, B3$ITbIX B CKapJIaTHHO3HOM OTAe-
JIeHHH 60JIbHHIIbI reMOJIHTHgeCKHFI CTpelITOKOKK BblceBajiCSI H3 6yJIbOHa
B 27 CJIygaHX, qTO cocTaBJISIeT73%; H3 q)H3HOJIOrHgecxoro pacTBopa no
McTORY UHI' 414 - B 17 cJlygaHx - 40,5 % H H3 (~H3HoJIorHgecxoro
pacTBopa c caji eTKOJ~ - B 23 cJiyYa5ix - 62,1 %.
1'eMOJIHTHgeCKHf CTpenTOKOKK B oYarax CKap.IaTHHbI BbIICeBaJICSI
cJle) yIOLgHM o6pa3OM: H3 37 npo6, B 6yJIbOHe pOCT CTpenTOKOKKa HMeJI
MecTO B 36 cnyqaslx-97,3%; H3 ()H3HOJIOrHgeCKorO PaCTBOpa no MBTO-
Ay UHI'f,L I'I B 11 cJiygaxx - 59,4 %; H3 (pH3HOJIOrHgecxoro pacTBopa c
caJ)(peTKOH B 23 cily4axx - 62,1 %.
KaK B CKapJIaTHH03HOM OTJjeJIeHHH, TaK H B OYarax cKapJlaTHHbl Ha
.r[OMy HaH6oJlbulaH BblceBaeMOCTb reMOJIHTHgecxoro CTpenTOKOKKa Ha-
6IuoJ[aJiacb HpH 3a6ope npo6 B caxapHbJi 6y.iboH.
CJIe,ayeT OTMeTHTb, qTO KOJIHTIeCTBO KOJIOHfti CTpenTOKOKKa,.6bIJIO
60JIbme B BbICeBaX H3 6yJIbOHa, KTO BIIOJIHe 06-bSICHHMO, nOCKOJIbKy B
caxapHOM 6yJIbOHe npOHCXO.LLHJIO pa3MHo KeHHe reMOJIHTH4ecKoro
CTpenTOKOKKa.
I'13 39 HOJIO}KHTeJIbHbIX npo6, B35ITbIX no iMeTOJ(y JJ HI'I 1I4, B 14 cJly-
iIasix rOJIO}KHTedIbHbIFi pe3yJIbTaT AOIIOJIHHJICH foceBaMH caJT(I)eTOK, B TO
BpeMSI KaK H3 53 nOJIO}KHTeJIbHbIX npo6, B3HTbIX B 6yJlboHe, JIHIiIb B 2-x
c.iygaxx rIOJIO)KHTeJIbHbIi3 pe3yJIbTaT ,ILOIIOJIH5IJICSI noceBaMH caJI4)eTOK
H3 6yJIbOHa.
CJie,gyeT OTMeTHTb TaK}Ke, qTO POCT ByJlbrapHOI3 MHKpO4)JlOpbl, Ha-
6JIIO,gaBIIIHI3CH B 6OJIblllefi CTeneHH TaK}Ke B BbIceBaX H3 6yJIbOHa, He
MetuaJi B nepabie CyTKH HccJIegoBaHHSI Bbi eJISITb KOJIOHHH reMOJIHTHqec-
KOro CTpenTOKOKKa.
TaKHM o6pa3OM, HCrIOJIb3OBaHHe caxapHoro 6yJIbOHa nplI CH5ITHH
CMbIBOB B oYarax CKapJIaTHHbI HBJIHeTC$3 60Jiee 34X eKTHBHbIM AJIH BbI$e-
JIeHIHi reMOJIHTHgeCKorO CTpenTOKOKKa, TIeM npHMeHeHHe 4)H3HOJIOTH,
9ecKOrO pacTBopa.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
O TEXHHKE CMbIBA MHKPO(DJIOPbI CO CTEH IIOMEIUEHHR
H C PA3JIHqHbIX TKAHEH
KaHa. aced. Hayic
17. 0. MHJIHBCKAH
Jla6opaHTbl: T. T.
E. CTAXPOBCKAH. B. THIJKHHA. A. a. BHHOTPAJ 0BA. P. A. PHBKHHA
(L[eHTpaJIbHaf KOHTpoJIbHO-HCCJIeJ[OBaTe.IbCKas Jla6opaT0pxa Mocropae3cTaHUHH)
O,LHHM H3 3JIeMeHTOB KOHTPOJISI Ka'IeCTBa BbIHOJIHeHHH TeKyuLei HJIH
3aKJIK)TIHTeJIbHOH JLH3eHq)eKUHH SIBJI5ieTCA 6aKTepHOJIOrHTIeCKoe IICCJIeAo-
BaHHe CMbIBOB, B35ITbIX C nOBepXHOCTe1 pa3JIIl'IHbIX npeAMeTOB B o'lare
HHI eKLLHH. O61uenpH3HaHO, 4TO 3TOT BHA KOHTPOJISI 6oJiee o6-beKTHBeH,
He}KeJIH KOHTPOJIb McTOAOM OCMOTpa H oripoca HaceJieHH I.
HaKOnHBIIIHHCH OnbIT BbIHOJIHeHHH 6aKTepHOJIorHTieCKOJO KOHTPOJIH
BbIJLBHHYJI pH)L BOnpOCOB HO YTO'IHeHHIO. HeKOTOPbIX npHeMOB McTOLLHKH H
TeXHHKH HCCJIeJLOBaHHH. B CBSi3H C 3THM 6bIJI npeJLnpHHSTT pSIA HCnbI-
TaHHH.
IIpH 6aKTepHOJIorH'IeCKOM KOHTPOJIe ae3HH4JeKILHH O,ZLHHM H3 MOMeH-
TOB, OnpeAeJiHIOIuHM Pe3yJIbTaT HCCJIeAOBaHHH, 51BJISIeTCH TeXHHKa C'beMa
MHKpO4 JiOpbI C pa3JIHT-IHbIX IIOBepXHOCTeI3. ECJIH CMbIB C rJIaJLKOH noBepX-
HOCTH HOCy,ILbI, AepeBSIHHOH Me6eJIH, ABepeH, HOLLOKOHHHKOB, no.ia H T. n.
o6-beKTOB He npeACTaBJISIlOT 3aTpyJLHeHHH, TO HeCKOJIbKO HHa'Ie 06CTOHT
AeJio CO CMbIBaMH CO CTeH noMeuILeHHH, IIOKPbITbIX 6yMa)KHbIMH 0605iMB
HJIH KJIeeBOH KpaCKOH.
Hpe.vIO}KeHO MHOI'O pa3JIH'IHbIX CHOCO6OB B31THSI CMbIBOB MHKpO-
jJJIOpbI.
MbI IIOCTaBHJIH nepeJL co60H 3a,ua'Iy npOH3BeCTH CpaBHHTeJIbHylO
OILeHKy HeKOTOPbIX cnoco60B, Han60Jiee HPOCTbIX H yA06HbIX B MaCCOBOH
npaKTHT-IeCKOH pa6oTe (CMbIBbI BaTHbIM TaMHOHOM, BaTHbIM nlapHKOM,
Map.ieBOH caji4eTKOH). HpH 3TOM Heo6XOJLHMO OTO6paTb TaKHe TeXHHLie-
CKHe npHeMbi, KOTOpble r103BOJIH.TIm 6bI CHHTb C nOBepXHOCTH HaMeTieHHOrO
yTIaCTKa MaKCHMaJIbHOe '4HCJIo MHKPo60B 6e3 HOP'IH BHeIHHerO BHJLa
CTeHbI.
rIpe,ABapHTeJIbHo 6bIJIO HpOBepeHO BJIII5IHHO CTeneHH yBJIa}KHeHH5I Ba-
TbI H MapJIH, HCIIOJIb3yeMOH JLJIH CMbIBa, npOAOJUKHTeJIbHOCTH HPOTHPaHHH
H HeKOTOPbIX ApyrHX MOMeHTOB Ha BeJIH'-IHHy MHKpo6HOrO '4HCJIa B CMbIBe
H coxpaHHOCTb HOKPbITHSI CTeH.
KaK 6bIJIO BbISICHeHO npOTHpaHHe [PH B3SITHH CMbIBOB C y'IaCTKa CTe-
HbI B Te'IeHHe 1-1 MHHyTbI (peKOMeHaOBaHO UIIHZjH) HOPTHT 6yMa3K-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
Hble o60H H KJieeBylo KpaCKy. aOHYCTHMOfI 3KCn03HuHefl 5IBJISIeTCSI lPO-
THpaHHe He 60Jiee 20-30 ceKyHA.
CpaBHeHHe MHKpO6HOrO tIHCJIa HPH CbeMe MHKPO(fJIOpbI CYXHMH
(HOIITH He HOpTHIAHMH HOKpbITHSI CTeH) H yBJIa}KHeHHbIMH BaTHbIMH
TaMHOHaMH, BaTHbIMH iuapHKaMH H MapJIeBbIMH CaJI(f eTKaMH, HOKa3aJlO,
'ITO yBJIa}KHeHHe HOBbIHIaeT KOJIHtIeCTBO CHHMaeMbIX MHKpo60B. JIy'ILUHe
pe3yJIbTaTbl HOJiytleHbl HPH c-beMaX C IIOMOWbIO BaTHbIX wapHKOB
(100 Mrp BaTbI) yBJIa}KHeHHbIX 0,1 MJI BOAbI, H MapJIeBbIX caJi(beTOK
(5 CM X 5 CM), yBJIa3KHeHHbIX 0,3 MJI BOAbI. YBeJIHTIeHHe HJiH yMeHbIne-
HHe CTeHeHH yBJIa}KHeHHSI BJIetIeT YMeHbUHeHHe B CMbIBaX MHKpO6HOI'O
YHCJIa. rlpH TOM yBJIa}KHeHHe 6oJiee 0,1 MJI BOAbI OCTaBJIHeT HOCJIe Tu a-
TeJIbHOrO CMbIBa BeCbMa 3aMeTHbII3 CJIeA Ha o6oHX H Ha KJIeeBOLI KpaCKe
CTeH.
rlpeABapHTeJIbHOI3 HPOBepKe 6bIJIO HOqBeprHYTO TaK}Ke BJIHBHHe Ha
MHKpo6HOe 14HCJIO B CMbIBe BeJIH'HHbI MapuIeBOI3 cauI(peTKH, BaTHOrO
LuapHKa H BaTHOrO TaMHOHa.
BaTHble LLIapHKH B 100 MI'p aaJOT 6o.iee BbICOKOe MHKpO6HOe 'IHCJIO,
tleM B 200 Mrp. BepOHTHee BcerO cKa3bIBaeTC51 TO o6CTOHTeJlbCTBO, tITO
HOCJIeAVIoL1HN OTMbIB MHKP060B C 60JIbLLIHX KOMKOB BaTbI 60Jiee TpygeH:
^pH OTMbIBe BaTa paCpblXJi5IeTCH H C BOAOl3 BHHTbIBaeT B rJIy6HHy EMHOrO
MHKpo60B. Hao6opoT, BaTHbIMH TaMHOHaMH H3 200 Mrp BaTbI o6ecnet4H-
BaeTCH 6OJiee BbICOKOe (Ha 22,2%) MHKpO6FIOe xiHCJIO. DTO CBSI3aHO
C TeM, 'ITO BaTa lla TaMHOHe HJIOTHO yKaTaHa H HpH ero OTMbIBe pa3pblX-
JIeHHe H BIIHTbIBaHHe MHKPo60B BHYTPb IIpOHCXOAHT He B TaKOII CTeHeHH,
KaK B PbIXJIOM BaTHOM HIapHKe. LITO KaCaeTCSI MapJIeBbIX caJl(JeTOK, TO
HPH HX BeJIH4HHe 4 CM X 9 CM MHKp06H0e gHCJIO o6Hapy}KIIBaeTCH Ha
21,6% 6oJIbIue, TieM HpH rIOJIb3OBaHHH caJIq)eTKaMH, pa3MepOM
5CMX5CM.
r10CJie yTOtIHeHHH OHTHMaJIbHOFI CTeHeHH YBJIa}KHeHHH H BeJIHLIHHbI
MapuieBOI3 CaJI(~eTKH H KOJIHtIeCTBa BaTbI aJIH TaMIIOHa 6bIJIH HOCTBBJIeHbl
OCHOBHble OHbITbI HO OT60py CIIOCO6a CMbIBa CO CTeH C Pa3JIH'HbIMH BH-
AaMH HOKpbITHSI.
CO CTeH, HOKPbITbIX MaCJISIHOI KpaCKOI3, HaH60JIbuJee tIHCJIO MHKpO-
60B CHHMaeTCH HPH HOMOWH BaTHbIX TaMHOHOB (Ha 52.4% 6oJIbmme, tleM
BaTHbIM IIIapHKOM, HpHMepHO, Ha 30 %p 60JIbIIIe, 'IeM MapJIeBof3 CaJIq)eT-
KOHI. TaKHe }Ke AaHHble 6bIJIH HOJIy4eHbl B CMbIBax CO CTeH, HOKpbITbIX
JIHHKpyCTOM.
JJJISI CTeH, HOKpbITbIX 6yMa3KHLIMH 060HMH, JIy'IHIHM CH0006OM CbeMa
MHKPO(pJIOPbI HBJIHeTCH HPOTHpaHHe o6oeB yBJIa}KHeHHOI3 MapuleBOI-I CaJI-
4)eTKOl3 B Te'eHHe 20-30 CeKyHA (pa3Mep 4 CMX9 OM); yBJIa]KHeHHe
BO H36e}KaHHe nOptlH o6oeB c neuyeT HpOH3BOAHTb 0,1 IMJI x{HAKOCTH.
MHKpo6HOe tIHCJIO B 3TOM culytlae o6Hapyx{HBaeTCH B cpeAHeM Ha 20%
60JIbIIIe, tleM B CMbIBaX, B35ITbIX TaMHOHaMH.
CO CTeH, HOKpbITbIX KJIeeBOI3 KpaCKOI3, Jiy,4uiae pe3yJlbTaTbl HOJIytICHbI
HPH HCHOJIb3OBaHHH Map.IeBbIX CaJI(peTOK C IIOMOHLbIO caeAyioa ero HpH-
eMa: MapJieBOI3 CaJI(f eTKOI3, B35ITOII HHHueTOM, BbITHpaeTCH HOBepXHOCTb
BbIAeJICHHOrO y'IaCTKa OAHOKpaTHO B OAHOM HafpaBJIeHHH HapaJIJIeJIbHbI-
MH LUTpHXaMH. CaJI(JeTKa Hepea CTepHJIH3aUHeH CKJIaAbIBaeTCH B'eTBepo,
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
a BO BpeMH B3HTHH CMbIBa OHa CHOBa ABa)KAbI cKJIaAbIBaeTCH, TaK, 'IT06bI
Ka}KAaH 1/3 ygaCTKa CTeHbI BbITHpaJIaCb qHCTOI3 CTOpOHOI3 caJI(JeTKH.
,1JIH 3TOrO HCnOJIb3y}OTCH 2 nHHI[eTa. TaKHM npHeMOM CHHTble MHKpo6bl
COXpaHHIOTCH Ha caJTCpeTKe H npeAyrlpex{AaeTCB HX ocbinaHHe. C.neAyeT
OTMeTHTb, LITO npH 3TOM cnoco6e Ha CTeHe He OCTaeTCH c.neAOB CMbIBa.
CpaBHHTeJIbHOI3 oaeHKe 6bIJIH TaKoKe fO, BeprHyTbI pa3JIHtlHble CHo-
co6bI cbeMa MHKp04)JIOpbI C pa3HbIX TKaHeI3.
HpOBe,aeHHbIMH HCnbITaHHHMH 6bIJIO yCTaHOBJIeHO, ZITO MHKpO()Jlopa
cHHMaeTCH COCKO6OM, OTnegaTKaMH, yBJIa}KHeHHbIMH Map1IeBOn caJICpeT-
KOII, MapJIeBbIM TaMrIOHOM, BaTHbIM TaMnOHOM, npHMepHO oAHHaKOBO.
HeCKOJIbKO JIy'IIIHe pe3yJlbTaTbl noJlyileHbl npH B3HTHH CMbIBOB MapJle-
BOH caJiCpeTKOI3 KaK B OTHOHIeHHH LIaCTOTbI BbIAeJIeHHH MHKpo6a, TaK
H ero KOJIH'ecTBa. aJIH TaKHX ]Ke o6,beKTOB, KaK 6eJlbe H HeKOTOpble
Apyrxe, HaH6oJiee 34xj eKTHBHbIM CII0006OM B3HTHH CMbIBOB HBJIHeTCH
OTMbIB TKaHH, nOAJIe}KaHjeN HccJieJ osaHHIO, B He60JIbUIOM o6'beMe
}KHAKOCTH.
BbIJIO BbIHCHeHO, IITO pe3yJIbTaTbl 6aKTepHOJIorHLIeCKOrO HCCJIeAO-
BaHHH 3aBHC51T He TOJIbKO OT npHMeHeHHOrO Cnoco6a C'beMa MHKpO(pJIO-
pbl, HO TaK)Ke OT XapaKTepa TKaHeH H ee H3HOIIIeHHOCTH, 'ITO cB513ano
CO CTeneHb1O BHHTbIBaHHH TKaHbJO )KHAKOPO cy6CTpaTa H B3BenleHHbIX
B HeM MHKpOOpraHH3MOB.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
HEKOTOPbIE AAHHbIE K METOILHKE H TEXHHKE HOCEBA
CMbIBOB MHKPO44JIOPbI
Kana. Med. KayK
IT 0. MIHJI5IBCKA5I
(LZeHTpaJIbHaH KOHTpOJIbHO-HCCJIej[OBaTe.7bCKaH ,,ja6opaTOPHH MOCropae3CTaHgHH)
IIpH oueHKe xagecTBa ae3HH(JeKuHH C nOMOLubIO 6axTepHO.norH4e-
cxoro HccJIeAOBaHHSI, 06bI4HO, orpaHH4HBaIOTCSI onpeaeJIeHHeM HaJIH1HH
HJIH OTCyTCTBHH B CMbIBaX KHuie4HOii naJi04KH. OAHaKO, B pHAe CJIy-
4aeB, 0006eHHO npH peIHeHHH BOnpOCOB, CBH3aHHbIX C OueHKOIi HOBbIX
Ae3HHq)eKLHOHHbIX CpeACTB H McTOAOB o6e33apa}KHBaHHH, a TaK)Ke BO-
np000B 3nHJ eMHOJIorH4eCKOrO XapaKTepa, BO3HHKaeT Heo6XOAHMOCTb
He TOJIbKO B KOHCTaTaUHH (JaKTa HaJIH'HH TOI'O HJIH HHOmO BHAa MHKpO-
OpraHH3Ma, HO H onpeJ eJIeHHe ero KaLeCTBa Ha pa3JIH4HbIX npeAmeTaX
B OKpy}KeHHH 60JIbHOTO.
,IJIH KOJIH4eCTBeHHOTO yea MaTepHaJi CMbIBa C HCHOJIb3OBaHHbIX
TaMnOHOB, caJI(4eTOK, CKaJIbneJI$I H npO4. OTMbIBaeTCH B CTepHJIbHOH
BoAonpOsoAHOH BOAe HJIH q)H3HOJIOrH4eCKOM paCTBope. IIOJlyteHHaH
B3BeCb MHKpo60B 3aceBaeTC51 Ha fJ1OTHyIO nHTaTeJIbHyIO cpeay, Ha KO-
TOpOH npOHCXOAHT pa3BHTHe OTII.eJIbHbIX KOJIOHHIi. Pe3yJIbTaT TaKHX
Hcc.neAOBaHHH 3aBHCHT OT nOJIHOTbI OTMbIBa MHKpo60B C CaJI(peTKH HJIH
TaMIIOHa, 4TO B CBOIO 04epeAb CBH3aHO C pHAOM yCJIOBHIi, 3HaTeHHe KO-
TOpbIX HccJIeROBaHO B HaCTOmueii pa60Te.
CTeneHb OTMbIBa MHKpo60B MO)KeT 3aBHCeTb OT MaTepHaJIa, HCHOJIb-
30BaHHOIO AJISI ct eMa 'MHKpo(pJlopbl. B npaKTHKe 6aKTepHOJlorH4eCKoro
KOHTpOJIH Jae3HHq)eKII,HH npHMeHHK)TCN B OCHOBHOM MapJieBble CaJI4IeTKH
H BaTHble TaMnOHbi. Bwio npOBepeHO OTMbJBaHHe MHKp06OB C MapJIeBbIX
CaJi(i)eTOK 'H TaMHOHOB H C BaTHbIX TaMHOHOB pa3JIHgHbIX MHKp06OB
(reMOJIHTH4eCKoro CTenTOKOKKa, 30JIOTHCTOI'O CTaJIH(pOKOKKa, KHLne4HOr3
naJIOLIKH, CanpO(jHTHOIi MHxpo()Jlopbl). Ha Ta6JIHue N2 I npeACTaBJIeIIbi
fOJ1y4eHHble pe3yJlbTaTbl.
JaHHbie, npHBeaeHHbie B Ta6JIHue Ns I lOKa3bIBalOT, 4TO pe3yJIbTaTbI
OTMbIBa MapJIeBbIX H BaTHbIX TaMIIOHOB H MapJIeBbIX cajiq)eTOK WITH
OAHHaKOBble.
KOJIH4eCTBO oTMbIBaeMbIX MHKpo60B 3aBHCHT OT TluaTeJIbHOCTH OT-
N(HMa MapJIH H BaTbI noc ie Bb16aJITbIBaHHH HX B }KHAKOCTH. npH OT-
)KHMe MapJIeBOl3 CaJI()eTKH TyFHM rIHHueTOM C Y3KHMH KOHuaMH, KOJIH-
YeCTBO MHKpo60B B OTMbIBe, B cpeAHeM ROCTHraeT 88 %, a npH nOJIb3O-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
XapaKTep MaTepHaaa,
B311TOFO AJRA CMbIBa
KonHLIeCTBo
HCHb1Tall HN
B cpeJTHeM KoJIH9eCTBo
OTMbITbIX MHKpo60B
B%%
MapJIeBasl caJI4JeTKa
251
91%
MapJleBb1i TaMHoH
77
90,7%
BaTHbIrI TaMHOH
161
89%
BaHHF JIerKO uoAAaIonTHMCH [HHUeTOM C IIIHPOKHMFI KOHuaMH, B OTMbIBe,
B CpeAHeM, 06Hapy}KHBaeTCH 97,2% MHKpo60B. CJIeAyeT T2K}Ke OTMe-
THTb, LITO TIuaTeJIbHO OT}KaTb CaJI(peTKY O CTeHKy Hpo6HpKH (Koj16bI)
nHHgeTOM 3HagHTCJIbHO JIerL1e, LIeM OT}KaTb 0 CTeHKy Hpo6HpKH TaMnoH.
fOBTOMy B CJiyLIae Heo6xogHMOCTH TOLIHOrO ygeTa MHKp06HOrO LInCJIa
B CMbIBe, CJIeayeT 3aCeBaTb He TOJIbKO KOTMbIB?, HO H MapJTIO (BaTy),
KOTOpOH npOn3BOAHJIC5I CMbIB C nOBepXHOCTn KaKOFO-JIH6o npeAMeTa.
MapJIeBaSI CaJI(~eTKa (BaTa) npH 3TOM TnjaTeJIbHO pacnpaBJISIeTCSI Ha
JZHe LiaLUK14 HeTpH FI 3aJIHBaeTC51 cooTBeTCTByIou eH IJIOTHOIH nHTaTeJIb-
HOH cpeJjo%I. Ha MapJie pa3BHBaIOTCSI XOPOIHO BRAHMble KOJIOHHH 6aKTe-
pHH (Ha BaTe KOJIOHHH BHAHbI 3Ha'IHTeJIbHO xy}Ke). TaKHe nOCeBbI OCO-
6eHHO Ba}KHbI npH UGHCKaX onpe,eJ1eHHOFO BnAa MHKpo60B, FIMCIOLUCrO-
CSI B He3Ha'-InTeJIbHbIX KOJIH'TeCTBaX. aOBOJIbHO LIaCTO, npH OTCVTCTBHII
B OTMbIBHOH }KHAKOCTFI, OH o6Hapy}KHBaeTC51 TOJIbKO npH nocese MapJle-
BOII caJICpeTKFI.
npH MaCCOBOH pa6oTe B npaKTH'TeCKHX yCJi0BH5IX 6bICTpOTa
Bcex MaHnnyJI51UHH nMeeT 6oJIbHIOe 3HaLIeHFIe, LITO 6bIJIo HpOBepeHo
BJIHAHHeM Ha KOJIHLIeCTBO OTMbIBaeMbIX MHKpo60B npOAGJD}KHTeJIbHOCTH
B36aJITbIBaHHH MapJFH (BaTbI) B }KHAKOCTH. KaK H CJIeAOBaJIo ON{HAafb,
OTMbIBaHne B TeLIeuue OJIHOI1 MHHyTbI 6o.nee 3(J)q)eKTHBHO, ne}KeJIH B Te-
9eHHe 0,5 MHHyTbI. C MapJIeBOH CaJRI)eTKH 3a I MHHyTy OTMb1BaeTC51 Ao
98,9 % MFIKpo60B, C BaTHOFO TaMHOHa - AO 97,4 %. 3a 0,5 MHHyTbI
C MapJICBOII CaJIq)eTKH OTMbIBaeTCA Ao 84,7 % C BaTHbIX TaMHOHOB - JO
82,4%.
npH He3HaIIHTeJIbHOM KOJIHLIeCTBe MHKpo60B B cAIy'a5lX, KOrAa aim
HCwCJIeHHSI MHKpo6HOro tIHCJia 3aceBaeTCSI He BeCb MaTepHaJI, B03MO}K-
HbI HeTOLIHOCTFI, 3aBHC5lmHe OT KOJIHqeCTBa }KHAKOCTH, B KOTOPOH npo-
H3BOAHJIC5I OTMbIB caJI(peTKH HJIH TaMHOHa.
npOBeAeHHbIMH OHbITaMH yCTaHOBJIeHO, 'ITO HeTOLIHOCTb onpeJleJISIe-
MOI'O MHKpo6Horo LIHCJIa B03paCTaeT no Mepe yMeHbfI1CHH5I KOJIHLIeCTBa
MHKp060B B CyCneH3HH H yBeJIHLIeHH$1 KOJIHqeCTBa }KHAKOCTH AJI51 OTMbI-
Ba. Ha16ojiee yJlo6HbIMH H 3(p(peKTHBHbIMH KOJIHLIeCTBaMH }KH)IKOCTH
AJI51 OTMbIBa SIBJI5110TCSI: 5 MJI B 06bILIHOH npo6HpKe m 10 MJI B KOJ160LIKC
Dp.FeHMCHepa, CMKOCTbIO 100 MJI.
fOCeB 60JIbunorO KOJIHqeCTBa MaTepaaJIa Ha HJIOTHy}O lHTaTeJIbHyIO
cpeAy HaH6oJIee yAo6eH H T0IeH HpH CMeHIHBaHHH C paCTOli-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
JIeHHOI3 H OCTY}KeHHOl%I cpeAOx, TaK KaK 310 n03BOJIgeT B Ka}K,i[yJo 4aluKy
neTpH 3aCeBaTb .no 2 MJI. OTMbIBa, TO 6OJIbHIeII 4aCTbIO HeBO3MO>KHO
npH noceBe OTMbIBa Ha nOBepXHOCTb HHTaTeJIbHOI-i cpeAbI. npH TaKOH
McToAHKe, KaK n0Ka3a.IH napaJlJleJlbnble nOceBbI B r.Iy6HHy H Ha nOBepx-
HOCTH cpeA, (4aKyJIbTaTHBHbie a3po6bl, K KaKHM OTHOCSITCSI KHIIIetIHaA
na.IOgKa H reMOJIHTH ieCKHI-I CTpenTOKOKK, xopomo pa3BHBaIOTCSI H B rJly-
6HHe HHTaTeJIbHbIX cpeA. HHoe HOJIO}KeHHe MbI HMeeM npH HCqHCJIeHHH
MHKpO6HOr0 qHCJia 06bI4HOI3 canpo(pHTHOIi MHKpo(~JIOpbI, B COCTaBe
KOTOPOI{ HMeeTCH MHoro a3po60B. B 3TOM c.nygae KOJIH4eCTBO KOJIOHHI-I
B rJIy6HHe arapa B LIau1Ke neTpH OKa3bIBaeTC5I BABOe McHbIIIHM, He}KeJIH
Ha nOBepXHOCTH cpeAbl.
H03TOMy B Tex CJIyiaSIX, KOrAa Hy]KHO 06eCne4HTb pa3BHTHe Bcex
MHKPO(4JTOpbl (KpoMe allaapo60B, Tpe6yKulLHx AJISI pa3BHTH5I oco6ble
yCJIOBHSI), noceB CJIeAyeT npOH3BO,i[HTb Ha nOBepXHOCTH nJIOTHOf3 nHTa-
TeJlbHOl3 cpe,ubI.
npaBHJIbHbMIi y4eT MHKP06HOrO 4HC.na 3aBHCHT TaK}Ke OT COCTaBa
)KHAKOCTH, B KOTOPOI3 npOH3BOAHTC5I OTMbIB. KaK npaBHJIO, AJISi 3TOFi
IjeIIH HCHOJIb3yeTCSI CTepHJIbHbII3 (JH3HOJIOFHTIeCKHI3 paCTBOp, LIaCTo npH-
McHSIeTCSi CTePHJIbHaSI BOAOnpOBOAHaH BOAa, 3Ha'IHTeJIbHO pee Cne-
I(HaJIbHaSI }KHAKaSI nHTaTeJIbHaH cpejja. OAHaKO, CJIeAyeT HMeTb BBHAy,
LITO Aaxte (cH3HOJIOrH'eCKHI3 paCTBOp MO}KeT OKa3bIBaTb 6aKTepHOCTa-
TH4eCK0e HJIH 6aKTepHuHAHoe Aei3CTBHe, KaK 3T0 HaMH Ha6JIloAajlocb
B 0THoiueHHH 6aKTepHII AH()TepHH. npH 3TOM OTMe4aJIOCb TeM 60JIbIHee
AeFICTBHe 4)H3HOJIOrHLIeCKOro paCTBopa, 'IBM McHbine coaep)KaJIOCb B Hem
6aKTepHx. TOT }Ke paCTBOP He OKa3bIBaJI HHKaKoro Ael3CTBH5i Ha KHIIIe4-
Hy1O naJIogKy. Z[06aBJIeHHe K (4H3HOJIOrH9P_CKOMy paciBOpy He3HatIH
TeJIbHbIX KOJIH4eCTB MapTeHOBCKoro 6yJIbOHa yCTpaHSIeT BpeAHoe B03AeH-
CTBHP ITCB peHHON CO..IH Ha 6aKTepHH AH(JTepHH (CM. Ta61IHay N22).
Ta6nhua2
riaKTepHH J.IH(--
TepHH
BaKTepHH JIH)-
TepHH
KHHIe4Has na-
JI04Ka
4epe3
2 4aca
100'
100
TaKHM o6pa3OM, npH OTMbIBe CJIeAyeT HapsiAy C ApyrHMH (paKTOpaMSf
y'IHTbIBaTb TaK)Ke AeHCTBHe HCHOJIb3yeMOI-I )KHAKOCTH Ha TOT HJIH HHOI'F
BHA MHKpOOpraHH3Ma.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
CTepnJIH30BaHHbII (4H-
3HOJIOrH9eCKHH pa-
CTBOp
'H3HOJIOrH4ecKHFi pa-
CTBOP H MapTeHOB-
CKHH 6ynbOH
cPH3H0JIOrH4ecKHrf pa-
CTBOp
Upu no-
ny4en.
OTMbIBa
100
0
4epe3
30 MHH.
100
100
4epe3
I vac
100
100
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
K BOIIPOCY 0 PE}KHME HAPOBOR KAMEPbI 11PH
CHH)KEHHbIX TEMIIEPATYPE H AABJIEHHH
Ka' B. Md. Kay,C
E. C. BEHb,STMHHCOH, U. N. MHTTEJIbMAH, O. I'. OCHTIOBA
(MOCKOBCKai roPOj1CKaH ae3HH4)eKUHGHHa5i CTaHUH5I)
B napoabIx KaMepax npouecc jje3HH(jeKUHH o6bl'IHo npoTexaeT npH
,aaBJIeHHH riapa B annapaTe 0,5 aTM H COOTBeTCTByIOIUe13 TeMnepaType -
110-111?. 11pH 3TOM yCTaHOBJIeHO, TO AJIA o6e33apa)KHBaHHcI BemeH
3apa}KeHHbIX BereTaTHBHbIMH 4 opMaMH MHKpo60B HOPMa 3arpy3KH CO-
CTaBJIHeT 50 Kr Ha 1,0 M3 KaMepbI, a 3KCHO3HuHA 40 MHHyT; npH 3apa3Ke-
HHH Mug Cnopoo6pa3yIOULHMH MHKp06aMH 3KCH03HUHH yBeJIH'-1HBaeTC51
jiO 90 MHHyT.
11pH yKa3aHHbIX yCJIOBHSIX o6ecne,4HBaeTCSi paBHOMepHOe pacnpejje-
.-IeHHe TeMnepaTypbI BHYTPH BenjeH, 3arpy}KeHHbIX KaHHeM 42,5%p raMMa-H3OMepa,
o6ecne'-IHBaeT BbICOKYIO 3CpCpeKTHBHOCTb B TegieHHe 20-30 AHeH Ha rpy-
6blX AepeBSIHHbIX nOBepXHOCTSIX. 3TO AaeT eMy 6oJIbWoe HpeHMylueCTBO
nepeA npHMeHB1OHZeMC5I B AaHHoe BpeMSi r0M0reHH3Hp0BHHHOH reKca-
XJiopaHOBOH 3MyJIbCHeH. HeaocTaTKOM 9TOro npenapaTa SIBJISIeTCSI 6bICT-
poe oceAaHHe AycTa Ha AHO.
B npouecce 3KcrIepHMeHTaJlbno' pa60Tbl, em e pa3 noATBep)KAena
LIpe3BbIqaHHO H143Ka5I 9(p(peKTHBHOCTb roMoreHH3HpOBaHHbIX 3MyJIbCIIH
JI)IT H reKCaXJIOpaHa, npHMeHSIK)II.I,HXCSI aim o6pa6OTKH pa3JIHLIHbIX HO-
BepXHOCTeH, B uejiSIX 60pb6bI C MyXaMH H SIBHaSI HeueJIec0o6pa3HOCTb
npOBeAeHHH 3THX pa6oT.
IlpenapaTbI, H3rOTOBJIeHHbTe Ha o6oraLueHHOM reKcaXJIOpaHe HeO6-
HaCTOAqHBO MH H BAOBap HoicJ p HpOBaTb y FIX a
c qaT npOH BOACTBO.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
I'HBEJIb MYX B 3ABHCHMOCTH OT KAqECTBA
IIPHMEHAEMbIX IIPEIIAPATOB H KOJIHgECTBA AAT,
OBHAPY)KHBAEMOTO HA OBPABOTAHHbIX IIOBEPXHOCTAX
M. r. Pbll(-Bor) AHHKO. M. C. BAJIbCKAH. A. H. HOHOBA
(UeHTpaJIbHaH KOHTPOJIbHO-HCCJIej(OBaTeJIbCKaH JIa6opaTOpHN Mocropae3CTaHUHH)
3(p(peKTHBHOCTb O6pa6oTKH pa3JIHgHbIX noMeLgeHHI-I npenapaTa-
MH ,1JJZT B 6opb6e c MyXaMH, KOHTpoaIHpyeTCH B HaCTO$ux ee BpeMH HJIH
nyTeM yLleTa LIHc,IIeHHOCTH MYX HJIH ace OnpeAeJIeHHeM rH6eJIH HX B o6pa-
60TaHHbIX nOMen eHHHX. YKa3aHHble McTO,i[bI ,1[aIOT npeACTaBJIeHHe o6
34oeKTHBHOCTH o6pa6oTKH, HO He BCKpbIBaJOT npHYHH HH3KOI3 9()(peK-
THBHOCTH HPOBOaHMbIX HCTpe6HTeJIbHbIX HPOTHBOMYLHHHbIX MeponpxH-
THII. aaHHai pa60Ta CTaBHJIa CBOef3 3aJ ageI3 onpeAeJIHTb, npH KaKHX
KOJIHgeCTBaX ALT, 06Hapy)xHBaeMbIx XHMH4eCKHM aHaJIH3oM Ha pa3-
JlHgHbIX HOBepXHOCTHX, Ha6JuoAaeTCH rH6eJIb 100% MyX H o6ecneglh-
BaJOTCB Jill 9TH KOJIHgeCTBa ]JJJT B ae3HHceKUHOHHOA npaKTHKe. H3y4e-
HHe 3TOro BOnpoca npOBOAHJIOCb, KaK B JIa6opaTOpHbIX, TBK H B npaKTH-
LIeCKHX YCJIOBHHX.
fI.ITYKaTypKa, OKpanIeHHaH KJIeeBot H MaCJIHHOfl KpacKOI3, a TaK?Ke
CTeKJIO o6pa6aTbIBaJIHCb rOMOreHH3HpOBaHHOf3 3MyJIbCHeI3 JIy6elCKOro
3aBoga H 9MyJIbro-CyCneH3HH J.LJJT HHY(D, H3 pacqeTa 2 r TexHH4ecKOrO
?JZT Ha I KB. M.
OnpeJ eJIeHHe KOJIHgeCTBa A)IT Ha o6pa6oTaHHbIX nOBepXHOCTHX
npOBOAHJIOCb HO He(~eJIOMeTpHileCKOMy McTOJjy. 3?xkeKTHBHOCTb npena-
PaTa, HaHeceHHoro Ha TY HJIH HHylo nOBepXHOCTb, OnpeaeJIHJiaCb rH-
6eJIbIO MyX, HaCTyna o ej B pe3yJlbTaTe BbIHy}KAeHHorO KOHTaKTa HX
c o6pa6oTaHHOH nOBepXHOCTbIO. I-IpOBe4eHHaH pa60Ta nOKa3aJIa, LITO
OnTHMaJIbHble KOJIHqeCTBa J1)ZT, o6ecnegHBaIOLIjHe BbICOKylo rH6eJIb
MyX, HeOgHHaKOBbl A J151 pa3JIHgIHbIX nOBepXHOCTeH H 3aBHCHT B 3HagH-
TeJIbHOH Mepe OT 4JH3HKO-XHMH,4eCKOH CTpyKTypbl npHMeHHeMbIX npe-
napaTOB.
f,H6eJIb MyX Ha rIOBepXHOCTHX (CTeKJIO H T. n.), o6pa6oTaHHbIX npe-
napaTaMH JJaT, B 6OJIbIUHHCTBe CJIygaeB, HaXOAHTCH B 5IBHOH 3aBHCH-
MOCTH OT KOJIHgeCTBa [[A, O6HapyXKHBaeMOro Ha Tex XKe noBepX-
HOCTHX.
flpH pa6oTe npenapaTaMH AAT, o6JIa,gaIowHMH xopoinefl (mH3HKO-
XHMH4eCKOH CTpyKTypOH (9MyJIbro-CyCneH3HH HHYH(D), BbICOKBH 34)-
(peKTHBHOCTb, KaK B Jla6opaTOpHbIx, TaK H B npaKTHLIeCKHX yCJIOBHHX
Ha6JHo.zJaeTCH Ha CTeKJIe H IHTyKaTypKe, npH o6HapyXKeHHH Ha 9THX nO-
BepXHOCTHX ,([eCHTbIX .gOJIei rpaMMa RAT Ha I KB. M., qTO o6ecne,4H-
BaeTCH o6bIgHOH o6pa60TKOH 9THX nOBepXHOCTeI-I, npH pacxoAe 2 r Tex-
HHgeCKoro A)IT Ha I KB. M.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
BbISIBJIeHa LIpe3BbILIaIIHO HH3Ka5I 3OeKTHBHOCTb roMOreH "I OBaH-
HOII 3MyJIbCHH a )IT Jly6eHCKorO 3aBOAa. FH6eJIb 1000/0 MyX y-
KaTypKe Ha6JHoaaJlacb JIHIUb npH o6Hapy}KeHHH 2-x H 6oJiee rpaMMOB
A,1T Ha 1 KB. M., LITO aa)Ke B Jia6opaTOpHbIX yCJIOBHSIX 06eCne~IHBan1OCb
JIHHIb npH pe3KOM nOBbIHIeHHH pacxoaa
HH3KaH 34xjJeKTHBHOCTb roMOreHH3HPOBaHHOII 3MyJIyCpHH o6"bHCHReT-
CH HeyAOBJIeTBOpHTeJIbHOII (JH3HKO-XHMHLIeCKOH CT KT Oll 3TOr0 npe-
napaTa H BHHTbIBaHHeM 3HaLIHTeJIbHbIX KOJIHgeCTB BOAHOIS 3MyJIbCHH
B nopHCTbie noBepXHOCTH.
Ha rIOBepXHOCTSIX, OKpauleHHbIX MaCJIHH0I3 KpaCKOII, He3aBHC14Mo
0T npHMeHSIeMbIx npenapaTOB H R03HpoBOK, Ha6JIloJ aeTCN HeyAOBJIeTBO-
pHTeJIbHaSI 34)4)eKTHBHOCTb, T-iTO o6'bHcHSIeTC5I 0c06eHHOCT5IMH KpHCTaJi-
JIH3aUHH )IRT Ha 3THX noBepXHOCTAX.
AaHHbie, noJIy4eHHble B pe3yJlbTaTe npOBeAeHHOH pa60TbI, HarJISiA-
HO CBHAeTeJIbCTByIOT 0 3HageHHH (pH3HKO-XHMHqeCKOH CTpyKTypbI npe-
napaTOB, npeAHa3Ha1eHHbIX AJISI 06pa6OTKH nOBepXHOCTeM B 6opb6e
c MyXaMH.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
H3bICKAHHE HAHBOJIEE 3 DEKTHBHbIX H
PAIjHOHAJIbHbIX METOAOB BOPbBbI C qEPHbIMH
TAPAKAHAMH
M. T. Pb1K-50T,T(AHHKO. K. A. UNKJINK. c. H. OIUEPOBA
'(ueHTpaJlbHaH KOHTPOJIbHO-HCCJIeaOBaTeJIbCKaH Jla6opaT0p}Ix MocropJje3CTaHi(HH)
YHHgTO3KeHHe ilepHbIX TapaKaHOB B npaKTHgeCKHX YCJIOBHSIX
SIBJIHeTCH AO HaCTOSIHjerO BpeMeHH OgHHM H3 CJIO3KHbIX BHJjOB ) e3HHceK-
AIIOHHOIi pa6oTbI. T-IepHble TapaKaHbI, KaK H3BeCTHO, Be,IjyT B OCHOBHOM
HogHOI-i o6pa3 }KH3HH H SABJI5110TC5I LIpe3Bblr-IaIIHo nyI'JIHBbIMIJ HaceKO-
MbIMH.
H3JIIO6JIeHHbIMH McCTaMH O6HTaHH5I LIepHbIX TapaKaHOB SIBJI3IIOTC51
XJIe6Hble H HHBOBapel-IHble 3aBO,ijbl H Jjpyme HHIljeBbie npeJjnpnS1THN,
KyXHH, KOTeJibHble H npogiie Termble noMeajeHIIH C JLOCTaTOgHOF3 BJIa3K-
HOCTbIO.
T-IepHbie TapaKaHbI 3ace.nHK)T pa3JIHLIHble yFJry6JIeHHSr H FueJIH B KHp-
1IHLIHbIX CTeHaX, npoMe}KyTKH Me}Kgy KOCSIKaMH ABepef H CTeHaMH,
nyCTOTbI HOjj OTCTaBIIIecI IIFTyKaTypKO9, rioarmJlbSI, McK{Jjy3Tax(Hble He-
peKpbITHSI H Jjpyr'He MaJIOJ[OCTynHble McCTa.
Bc,rlejjCTBHe CKpbITOFO o6pa3a 3KH3HH, 6opb6a c 9epHbIMH Tapa-
KaHaMH npejjcTaBJISIeT 3HagHTe.nbHbie TpyJjHOCTH H HepejjKO nopox(JjaeT
MHeHHe O TOM, LITO HHCeKTHUHjjbl, o6bIgHO HpHMeHHIowHeCH Jj.rtsr 6opb6bI
C pbI}KIIMH TapaKaHaMH, HeJjoCTaTOgHO 3q).(peKTHBHbI B 6opb6e c tiepHbl-
MH TapaKaHaMH.
ueJlbIO JjaHHOIi pa60TbI ABJISIJIOCb H3ygeHHe 3(p(IJeKTHBIIOCTH CTaH-
,TjapTHbIX JjyCTOB H 3MyJIbCw ,1J IJT H rexcaXJlopaHa, o6bIgHO npHMeHSIe-
MbIX )JJISI yHHqTO}KeHHSI TapaKaHOB HPH pa3JIHgHbIX BapHaHTaX HX npH-
McHeHHH H HaH6oJIee pauHOHaJIbHOIr opraHH3aUHH 3THX pa6oT.
BnepBble HCHbITbIBaJIBCb 3("eKTHBHOCTb CMeceIi FXur H )LL T,
B BHjje KOM6HHaUHIi pa3JIH14HbIX (lOPM 3THX npenapaTOB.
H3ygeHHe 3q eKTHBHOCTH BCeX HCHbITbIBBBFIIHXCH ()OpM a)IT
H rXur HPOBOJ1HJIOCb KaK B Jla6opaTOPHbIX TaK 14 B npaKTHgeCKHX
VCJIOBHSIX.
B Jla6opaTOpxbrx YCJIOBHSIX 3( eKTHBHOCTb npenapaTOB oHpejje-
J'IHJIaCb KaK nyTeM Henocpe)jCTBeHHorO B03,aefCTBH5I Ha HaceKOMbIX
(onblJieHHe Ii opOHIeHHe), TaK H nyTeM BbIHy}KJjeHHoro KOHTaKTa Hace-
KOMbIX C HOBepXHOCTSiMH, O6pa6OTaHHbIMH TeM HJIH HHbIM npenapaTOM.
H3ygeHHe 3(p(. eKTHBHOCTH BCeX HCnbITaHHbix nperlapaTOB B JIa6o-
paTOpHbIX yCJIOBHHX 6bIJIO npOBeJ[eHO KaK no o6bILIHO npHHBTbIM McTO-
IIHKaM, TaK H C pa3JIH4HbIMH BHJ[OH3MeHeHHHMH HX, npH pa3JIH14HOM
pacxoj[e TeXHHgeCKOTO npenapaTa Ha I KB. M. nOBepXHOCTH.
B pe3yJlbTaTe npOBejjeHHH 9KCnepHMeHTaJIbHOI I pa6oTbI B Jla6opaTO-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
pHH, 6bIJlO yCTaHOBJIeHO, LITO 34J4JeKTHBHOCTb reKCaXJIOpaHOBbIX npe-
napaTOB HCnbITaHHbIX B BHAe AyCTOB, BOAHbIX cyCneH3HI3 H3 AyCTOB
H BOJ[HbIX 3MyJIbCHII H3 CKHHHAapHbIX KOHueHTpaTOB, HO OTHOHIeH~7HIo
K TlepHbIM TapaKaHaM OKa3aJIaCb 3HaLIHTeJIbHO BbIHle npenapaTOB aJ~T,
npHMeHSieMbix npH paBHbIX yCJIOBHHX. ~7
TOKCHwIeCKoe IeIICTBHe npenapaTOB U?T 3HagHTeJIbHo nOBbIHlajlocs
npH npHMeHeHHH HX B BHAe pa3JIIILIHbIX cMeceH C npenapaTaMH FXLLI'.
B Tia6opaTOPHbIX OnbITax npH HenOCpeACTBeHHOM B03AeHCTBHH Ha
HaCeKOMbIX, HaH6oJlee BbICOKHII TOKCHLIeCKHII 3(p(1JeKT OKa3bIBaJIH BOA-
HaI reKcaxJlopaHOBaF 3MyJIbCHH 0,25% KOHueHTpaIIHH, reKcaxJlopa,
HOBble AyCTbI 7% H 10% KOHUeHTPaUHH, a TaK}Ke CMeCH 5% H 10%,
AycTa FXLT,I' c 10% AyCTOM LIT.
L1p1 KOHTaKTe TapaKaHOB C nOBepXHOCTSIMn, o6pa6oTaHHbIMH n0-
pOHIKOBHAHbIMH H }KHAKHMH npenapaTaMH FXL]Y HJIH R )IT, a TaKoKe
CMeCbIO HX, HaH60JIee BbICOKasi 3(~d)eKTHBHOCTb Ha6JIIOAajlaCb npH npH-
McHeHHH reKCaXJIOpaHOBbIX npenapaTOB H HX CMeceIl c npenapa
TaMH J-LJIT.
rlpenapaTbl JjJZT, npHMeneHHble B qHCTOM BHAe, rIoxa3aJnl HeAocTa-
TogHyIO 3c c eKTHBHOCTb B 6oJIbnIHHCTBe OnbITOB 3TOI'O BapHa~H~T7a.
HaH60JIee 3( c(eKTHBHbIMH H3 BCeX HCnbITaHHbIX (TOpM ??T n reK-
caxJIopana oKa3aJIncb AyCTbI H BOAHble cycneH3HH 3THx npenapaTOB,
B OnbITaX C KOTOpbIMH TOKCHLIeCKHII 344eKT npoFBJISIJICSI HaH60Jlce
OCTPO H npH McHbnleM pacxo, e TeXHHgeCKOFO npenapaTa, lIeM B aHaJIo-
rHLIHbIX HCnbITaHHFX C 3MyJIbCHHMH.
B OnbITaX C nOAcaAKOH TapaKaHOB Ha nOBepXHOCTH o6pa6oTaHHble
3MyJIbCH5IMH, BbICOKaII 3(X(peKTHBHOCTb o6ecneglBaJlaCb JiHHlb npH AJIH-
TeJIbHbIX CpOKaX KOHTaKTa H pe3KOM rIOBbIHIeHHH pacXOAa TeXHHLIeCKOrG
npenapaTa (Ao 3-6 r/M2). rloBblLIIeHHe 3(p(peKTHBHOCTH B 3TOM BapHaH-
Te OnbITOB Ha6JIIoAaJIOCb npH IIOBTOPHOM KOHTaKTe HaceKOMbIX c o6pa-
6oTaHHOII noBepXHOCTblO.
Ha nonepxnocTSix, OKpanleHHbIX MacJIHHOH KpacKOII, 3(p(4eKTHBI-IOCTb
HCnbITaHHbIX IIOpOnIKOBHAHbIX H }KHAKHX (bopM npenapaTOB a)IT
H I'XUF 6bIJIa HeyAOBJIeTBOpHTeJIbHOII, qTO oco6enH0 pe3KO npOSIBJISI-
JiOCb B OnbITaX C XIT.
Jla6opaTOpHbIMH OnbITaMF yCTaHOBJIeHO, LITO AYCTbI, BOAHble cyCneH-
3HH H 3MyJIbCHH reKcaXJIOpaHa, a TaK}Ke CMeCH FIX c npenapaTaMH URT,
o6JIaAaioT BHOJIHe yAOBJIeTBOpHTeJIbHOH 3(x 1)eKTHBHOCTbIO no OTHoIne-
HHIO K 9eplibIM TapaKaHaM. ~eKTHBHOCTb
B npaKTnFecxnx ycJ1oBn5lx 6bIJIa npe 3epena 34)C~ Pa3
JIHgHbIX (p0pM JLJtT H FXLZI, noKa3aBHIHX HaHJIy4IIlne pe3yJIbTaTbI
B Jla6opaTOpHbIX onblTax.
HCTpe6HTeJIbHble MepOnpHSITHSI npoBOAHJIHCb npH HaH60Jlee pauno-
HaJIbHOH opraHH3aIwH 3THX pa6oT; B LIaCTHOCTH npn OAHOMOMeHTHOH
H CnJIOIUHOH o6pa6OTKe 3apa)KeHHbIX HOMeHjeHHH.
Pe3yJlbTaTbl JIa6opaTOPHbIX HCCJIeAOBaHHIH H HCTpe6HTeaIbHbIX MepO-
npHSITHII B npaKTHLIeCKHX yCJIOBHHX n03BOJI51IOT CAeJIaTb BbIBOA 0 TOM,
LITO HeAOCTaTOLIHaH 3(J(peKTHBHOCTb HCTpe6HTeJIbHbIX MeponpHSITHH
B 6Opb6e c LIepHbIMH TapaKaHaMH, Ha6JIIo1aIOHjaHCSI B Ae3HHCeKI.jHOHHOff
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246A061500170001-0
npaKTHKe, 06,bMCHHeTCH B 6OJIbIHHHCTBe cJlygaeB He nJIOXHM jjeHCTBHeM
npHMeH$IeMbIX HHCeKTHIjHAOB, a HenpaBHJIbHOFI McTOAHKOIi H (pOPMOIi
npHMeHeHHR HX H rmoxoIi OpraHH3ameIi HCTpe6HTeJIbHbIX MeponpHHTIIIi,
rlpOBeAeHHOIi pa60TOIi yCTaHOBJIeHO, LITO reKcaxJlopaH npHMeHeHHbIH
B pa3JIHgHbIX (pOpMax, 06JIaAaeT BbICOKHM HHCeKTHILHAHbIM JjefICTBneM
B 6opb6e c tlepHbIMH TapaKaHaMH; O,i[HOBpeMeHHO yCTaHOBJIeHa 3HagH-
TeJIbHo 6oJiee HH3KaR 9(p(peKTHBHOCTb AAT, npHMeHeHHOVO B Tex }Ke
(pOPMaX H npH Tex )Ke Jj03Hp0BKax.
MMeR BBHAy He)IOCTaTOLIHYIO 34)cpeKTHBHOCTb AAT H HeKOTOpyla
orpaHlgeHHOCTb B npHMeHeHHH rexcax.nopaHa B CBH3H C HPHCYWHM eMy
3anaxoM, BeCbMa IjeJIecoo5pa3Ho npHMeHeHHe cMeceli rxur H AAT
B BHAe JJYCTOB, cycneH3HI3 H 9MyJIbCHIi.
34(peKTHBHOCTb T1KHX CMecex TiaCTO npeBOCXOAHT 3(p(peKTHBHOCTb
reKcaxJIOpaHOBbIX npenapaTOB, npelMyIIjeCTBO }Ke HX no cpaBHeHHIO
c npenapaTaMH A,LjT - 6eccnopno.
TrHaH6oJlbuleli 3cp(peKTHBHOCTbIO H3 BCeX HCnbITaHHbIX (popM rxur
n AJIT H Hx cMecej 06JIaAaIOT AyCTbI H cycneH3HH, o6ecnegHBaloujiie
6bICTp0e H AJIHTeJIbHoe 0CBO6o}KAeHHe noMeujeHHli, npH cpaBHHTeJIbHO
He6oJIbInOM pacxoAe TexHHqeCKOrO npenapaTa Ha I KB. M. (1-2 r AJIH
AyCTOB H OKOJIO 2,5 r Aim cycneH3HIi).
Bo.r Hble 3MyJIbcHH rxur H AAT, a TaK>Ke Hx cMecH HecpaBHeHHO
Menee 3(p()eKTHBHbI H Tpe6yIOT 6oJIee BbICOKOro pacxoj[a TeXHH,4eCKoro
npenapaTa ()jo 2 r/M2).
B CBH3H CO 3HagHTeJIbHON MapKOCTbIO BOAHbIX CyCneH3HIi npHMeHe-
HHe HX CJIeAyeT peKOMeHAOBaTb AJIH n0AC06HbIX fOMeujeHHIi, nOAHOJIHI t,
Me3KAy3Ta}KHbIX nepeKpbITHI3 H T. n.
B tIHCTbIX fOMeujeHHHX CJIeAyeT HPHMeHHTb CMeCH AYCTOB H 3MyJIb-
CHH AZT H rxur HJIH rexcaxJIOpaHOBble AYCTbI H 9MYJIbCHH.
CyujeCTBYIOHjne HOpMbi pacxoj a Ae3cpeAcTB HaAOCTaTO'qHbI AJIH
yHHgTO}KeHHH qepHbIX TapaKaHOB B nOMeujeHHHX C 6OJIbInOIi 3aCeJlei-I-
HOCTbIO TapaKaHaMH.
YLIHTbIBaH CKpbITbIii o6pa3 }KH3HH qepHbIX TapaKaHOB, JjJIR AOCTH-
3KeHHH CTOIIKOro 0CBO6O3KAeHHR nOMeujeHHli OT nocueAHHX, Heo6xoT HMo
HPOBOAHTb CHJIOIHHyro H OAHOMOMeHTHyIO O6pa6oTKy BCeX 3apa}KeHHbfX
noMenjeHHH.
B CBR3H C TeM, q TO npH HenpaBHJIbHOM npHMeHeHHH reKcaxuropa
Mo}KeT Ha6JIK)AaTbCH pa3Apa}KeHHe AblxaTeJlbHbix nyTeli, Heo6XOAHNIO
Ha BpeMH Ae3HHceKUHH OCBO6OAHTb fOMeujeHHe OT riOCTOPOHHHX Jlnlj,
]KHBOTHbIX H fPOAYKTOB; JIHIjaM, IIPOBOAHIIjHM Ae3HHCeKIjHIO, pa60TaTb
B pecnnpaTopax; HOCJIe OKOHLIaHHH Ae3nHceKIjHH TIIjaTeJlbHO npOBeT-
prTb noMeujeHHe.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246A061500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
K BOnP MYXOFI
YCTOR N OCTH K IIPEIIAPATAM AAT
M. F. PbIK-BOr)ZAHHKO
(ueHTpaJIbHa9 KOHT P OJIbHO- HCCJIeaOB aTeJI bCK a A ia6opaTOpFiA ~LOCI'OpAe3CTaHLlHN~
3a noc.neRHHe 10 JieT HIHpoxoe pacnpoCTpalleiiiie B 6opb6e c pa3-
jIn4HbIMH rpynnaMH BpeRHbIX HaceKOMbIX noJlyI FIJI HOBbIfI CHHTeTFNe-
CKHH HHCeKTHHHR - RHXJIOpAHCpeHHJITpnXJIOp3TaH ()IAT) ?
BbICOKaH 34J eKTHBHOCTb 3TOrO npenapa'ra H RJIHTeJIbHOe OCTaTOLI-
HOe ReHCTBHe, o6ecnegHJIH eMy HIHpOKOe npHMeneHHe B ge3HHceKuHOH-
HOII npaKTHKe H, B gaCTHOCTH, B 6opb6e c MyXaMH? xa6JlloRa~eH
B nepBble rORbI npHMeHeHHH AAT B 6opb6e c MyxaMH
nCKJIlOgHTeJIbHO BbICOKHII 34J4 eKT OT 3THX pa60T npH pacxoae 1 r ART
Ha 1 KB. IM. nJIOIuaRH.
HagHHaSI c 1951 roRa, B i`1c~KBe, 6bIJIo OTMe'eHo pe3KOe cHH)KeHHe
30cKTHBHOCTH n~OTaB `Z rbHa o6paOTK. K 16 r.
paT95ocb Ao 3>aMaxcFle
AeIiCTBHe RAT np pX Rc
MyM 7 RHeIi.
Hapuiy C 9THM B 3apy6e)KHOH, a 3aTeM H B OTe ieCTBeHHOI4 'IIITepa-
Type CTaJIH nOHBJIHTbCSI Coo6ujeHHH o npHO6peTeFIHH KOMHaTHOI4 MyXOH
yCTORLIHBOCTH K npenapaTaM AAT CTOII~INBbIX MyX BnepBble
$ COBeTCKOM COK)3e nOHBJIC 6eHCA0 yXOBOIi H n03J~Hee RpyrHMH
6bIJIo OTMegeHO B 1949 r. Rep
aBTOpaMH. OBeReHnFI
B 1955 roay Jia6opaTOpHeII Mocropue3CTanuHH, nPH nP
MaCCOBbIX KOHTp0JleI4, 6blJlo yCTaHOBJIeHO, `ITrO MyXH, 3ajieTaBulIHTeJIbH -
McIueHHH, o6pa6OTaHHble npenapaTaMH AA
yCTOHLIHBee MyX JIa6opaTOpHOIi KyJIbTypbl.
Pa60TOf1 npoBeReHHoll no cpaBHeHHHO ycTOII'HBOCTH pa3JIngHbIX
Ky.nbTyp KOMHaTHOH MyXH K npenapaTaM RAT 6bIJI0 yCTaHOBJIeHO, LITO
yCTOI4iiHBOCTb MyX rOpOACKOIi nOnyJlHuHH K npenapaTaM RAT 3aMeTHO
npeBbffiIaeT yCTOII4HBOCTb MyX Jla6opaTOpHOfi KyJlbTypbI. CTeneHb
yCTOIITIHBOCTH MyX rOpORCK014 nonyJl HLHH HeoAHIHaKOBa B pa3JIHLIHbIX
McCTax ropoRa 14 B 3Ha4HTe 1bHOII Mepe 3aBHCnT OT 4IaCTOTbI npHMeHeHHH
upenapaTOB AAT?
SIBJIeHHe RAT - yCTOIItlHBOCTH oco6eHHO pe3KO npO5IBJI5ieTC1 npi4
HpHMeHeHHH MaJlo3cICJeKTHBHbIX HperlapaTOB, TaKHX, KaK roMoreHH3H-
pOBaHHble 3MyJIbCHH AAT H I'XILI' J1y6eHCKOCO 3aBoaa? e6
YCTaHOBJIeHHe yCTOII'HBOCTH MyX K npenapaTaM AAT TP yeT
KopeHHOro 143MeHeHHH TaKTHKFI H McTOAHKH npOTHBOMyIIIHHbIX Mepo-
HpH51THI4, B CBH3H C 'eM xeo5xo T MOO JI O uzHM r np ;L eriap H ,MF-
cHpoBaTb BOnpOC o 3aMene a; IT
THna AHa3HHOHa H xJlopoq)oca H npenapaTaMH Ha o6oralueHHOM reKCa-
xJiopane.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
PAL[HOHAJIbHbIE METOJJbI ILEPATH3AL(HH B YCJIOBHSIX
METPOIIOJI HTEHA
0. T. TAJIAHI(EBA. T. B. 3AJIE)KCKIHPI
(UeHTpaabHas KoHTpoabHo-HCCae,gosaTeabcKax aa6opaTopHH Mocropue3cTaHuHH)
Pa60Ta nposOAHJIacb B 1956 r. B MOCKOBCKOM McTpOIIOJIHTeHe.
HCHOJIb3OBaHbI MaTepxaJlbi ,I[epaTH3auHH BTOFO o6'beKTa B nepHOA
1953-1956 rr. H3yuaJIHCb BOHpOCbI BHAosoro, HOJIOBOro H B03paCTHOro
COMM rpbl3yHOB, HyTH MX HPOHHKHOBeHH51 B McTpOHOJIHTeH, yCJIOBHH
cylueCTBOBaHH5I, CTeneHb 3aCeJIeHHOCTH 06-beKTa B ueJ1oM H no OTAeJib-
HbIM paAHycaM H CTaH1HHM H Ap. Ha OCHOBe HpaKTHtIeCKoro OHbITa
AaHbI peKOMeH.nauHH O paIHOHaJlbHbIX McTOAax 60pb6bl c rpb13yHaMli.
KpbICbl H MbIIIIH HOSIBHJIHCb B MeTPO yMKe TorAa, KOraa 6bIJIH 3a-
.nOMKeHbI nepBble HOA3eMHbie IIIaXTbI. 3AeCb rpbl3YHbI HaXOAHJIH 611aro-
HPHHTHble YCJIOBH51: IOCTOHHHYIO POBHYIO TeMnepaTypy, y6exKHlua, Ha-
JIHgHe BOAbI H BHLL H.
3a nocJieJgHHe rOAbi CaHHTapHOe COCTOSIHHe CTaHuHI%I McTPO 3HaiIH-
TeJIbHO yJIytIlmHJlocb. He CTaJio CKOHJIeHHSI Mycopa B TOHHeJIHX H BOA
nJIaT(3OpMaMH, e)Ke,i[HeBHO BbIHOCHTCH MYCOp C 3CKaJIaTOPOB Ha fOBepX-
HOCTb. 3TO JIHIIIHJIO rPb13YHOB B03MOMKHOCTH yCTpaHBaTb rHe3,ga H Pe3K0
COKpaTHJIO HX KOPMOBYIO 6a3y.
B McTpOHOJIHTeHe HO CpaBHeHHIO C rOpOAOM HHoe COOTHOIIIeHHe
KpbIC H MbIIIIefI. Ha OAHY KPbICY B ropoAe HPHXOAHTCH 9 MbIIIIei%I, B MeT-
p0 - 1,8 MbIIIIH.
11yTH nPOHHKHOBeHHS1 FPhI3YHOB B McTpOHOJIHTeH HeAOCTaTO11HO H3y-
4eHbl. MbIHIH MOryT HPOHHKaTb BrJly6b CTaHUHH C HepeBO3HMbIMH nacca-
)KHPaMH pa3HbIMH BeLuaMH H npOJ(yKTaMH, a TaKxKe 3a6eraTb Llepe3
BXO,I[Hble ABepH. OCHOBHbIM nyTeM HPOHHKHOBeHHSI KpbIC B TOHHe.IIH
McTponOJIHTeHa, HO-BHAHMOMy, ABJISIIOTCSI IIIaXTHble KHOCKH, KOTOpble
B 60JIbUIHHCTBe c.iyqaeB BbIBeAeHbl Ha X03H ICTBeHHbie ABOpbI, 6JIH3KO
OT capaeB H ApyrHX HaABOpHbIX HocTpoeK. B OKPYMKaIO1uHX KHOCKH
BeTXHX He6JIarOyCTpOeHHbIX 3AaHH5IX nOLITH BcerAa eCTb KpbICbI. MHO-
rHe KHOCKH AOCTyHHbI )1JIH HpOHHKHOBeHHSI KpbIC. TaK, H3 o6CJIeAOBaH-
HbIX 87 KHOCKOB TOJIbKO 23 OKa3aJIHCb HefpOHHuaeMbIMH, AJIH
rpbI3YHOB.
Fpb13yHbl COCpeAOTOLIHBaIOTCH 600bmIeI3 4aCTbIO B cJIyMKe6HbIX HoMe-
LueHHSIX - Kaccax, 3CKaJIaTOPHbIX 3aJiax, Ka6HHaX Ae)KYPHbIX no CTaH-
IHH, KJIaAoBbIX, 6y4 eTax, 6JIOK-HOCTaX, HoMeLU HHHX pa3HbIX cJIy>K6,
paCHOJIOMKeHHbIX BOA HJIaT4)OPMaMH H T. n.
PICCJIeAOBaHO B nepHOA 1953-1956 rr. 1048 rpb13yHOB, BbIJIOBJIeH-
HbIX B McTPOHOJIHTeHe (507 KpbIC H 541 MbIIIIb). PacnpeueJleHHe HX HO
TpeM B03paCTHbIM rpynnaM 1OKa3aH0 B Ta61IHue N2 1.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
Bec
B rp.
fIpH6JIH-
3HTeAb-
HbIff B03-
pacT B
AHSIX
B a6c.
4Hc-
nax
flpH6nH-
3HTenb-
HbI B03-
paCT B
AH5X
B a6c:
uHc-
nax
1. Mono-
Able
II. flony-
B3pOCIIble
12,1
3-6 M.
97
19,3
15 rp.
60-85
103
19,0
III. B3poc-
CBbiIIIe
151,1 H
85 H
JIble
6 Mec.
135
26,0
6onee
6onee
329
60,8
CpeAH KpbIC HpeO6JIajjafoT MOJIOAble OCO6H, 60JIbIIIHHCTBO H3 KOTO-
PbIX He ROCTHFJIO HOJIOB03peJIOCTH. Ha AOJIfo B3pOCJIbIX HpHXO,IjHTCII
HeMHOr0 60JIbLIIe I/4 BcerO KOJIHqeCTBa (26,0%). Y MbIHIefl, Hao60POT,
60JIbIIIHHCTBO OTHOCHTCH K rpyHHe B3pOCJIbIX. MOJIOAble COCTaBJISIIOT
Bcero 20,2 %.
fIO'TH HHTaT LIaCTb CaMOK KPbIC H MbIIHei OKa3aJIaCb 6epeMeHHbIMH
H KOPMSIHIHMH (19,2% y KPbIC, H 18,8% y MbIIIIeH). 3To HOKa3bIBaeT,
LITO rpbI3yHbI B YCJIOBH51X McTpOHOJIHTeHa pa3MH0}KaIOTCH. O,IIHaKO, CJIy-
HaH HaXOJ[OK rHe3j[ H BbIBOAKOB rPbI3YHOB - 5BJIeHHe BeCbMa peJIKOe.
3a BeCb HepHoA pa60TbI, TO eCTb 3a 4 roaa, HaFIAeHO Bcero 3 MbIIIIHHbIX
rHe3Aa H 1 KpbICHHoe. B McTponOJIHTeHe rpbI3yHbI He HaxOAHT y6e}KHIII
H jOCTaTOgHOi! KOPMOBOI 6a3bI. r1O3TOMy eCTb OCHOBaHHH HOJIaraTb,
LITO pa3MHO}KeHHe HX HpOHCXOAHT B HOA3eMHbIX coOpy}KeHHSIX, COHpHKa-
CaJOIIjHXCII C COOpy?KeHHHMH McTpO.
Bcero 6bIJIO BbIJIOBJICHO 3a 4 vo, a 3319 rpbI3yHOB, H3 HHX 1299 KpbIC
H 2020 MbH 1eFI. BOJIbIHe BcerO KpbIC rnOFIMaHO Ha IIOKpOBCKOM H Fopb-
KOBCKOM paAHycax (COOTBeTCTBeHHO 428 H 420 KpbIC, MbIHIe13 - Ha
KOJIbueBCNI H KHPOBCKOM paAHycax (753 H 661 IIIT.).
113 45 CTaHUHI1 MCTpOHOJIHTeHa B 1953-56 rr. 6bIJIO CBo60AHO OT
KpbIC 14 CTaHunc. HaH600bLuee KOJIH4eCTBO KPbIC (cBbIIHe 100) BbI-
.nOBJIeHO Ha 4-x CTaHUHSIX: KHeBCKaH, Kypclcax, OxoTHbIFI pxA, Ha-
BeJIeuKaH.
CBbIIHe 100 MbIHIeii BbIJIOBJIeHO Ha 16 CTaH11H5IX. MaKCHMaJIbHOe
KOJIHHIeCTBO (210 3K3.) Aaiia CT. KOMCOMOJIbCKaIT, KHpoBCKoro paAHyca.
B HaH60JIbmmeFI CTCHeHH 3aCeJIeHbI KpbICaMH H MbIIIIaMH npHBOK3aJIb-
IIble cTaHUHH, K14eBcKa5T, BeJIOpyccxa51, Kypcxasl, rlaBe.neuxax. OTHOCII-
TeJIbHO MHOFO KpbIC 6bIJIO B ueHTpaJIbHbIX CTaHUHSIX (OXOTHbIFf PsTA,
HJI. CBepjjJIOBa). rlepnCpepHi Hble CTaH11HH CBo60AHbl OT KpbIC HJIH 3a-
ceJIeHbI HMH B MaJIO1f CTereHH. 3Aecb npeo6JlaAaIOT MbIIIIH.
)JJIHTeJIbHOCTb 3aceJIeHHOCTH CTaHIIHH rpbI3yHaMH pa3JIHgHa. OAHH
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
CTaHIUfH B TegeHHe AojirorO BpeMeHH CBo60aHbI OT rpb13yHOB, ApyrHe
6OJIbulylo tlaCTb roAa OCTaIOTCSI 3aCeJIeHHbIMH 9THMH }KHBOTHbIMH.
B yCJIOBHHX McTponOJJHTexa pa6oTy no aepaTH3aIZHH ueJiecoo6pa3-
Hee HPOBOAHTb He HO4b10, a B AHeBHoe BpeML. FlepexoA C Ho4HOro Bpe-
McHH Ha AeHb B 1955 r. yCHJIHJJ 34Jc eKTHBHOCTb AepaTH3aUHx H AaJI
6oJlee o6&beKTHBHbie AaHHble 0 3aceJIeHHOCTH CTaHUHI3 rpbl3yHaMH.
CJIeAyeT npHMeH$ITb TOJIbKO McXaHH4eCKHH" McTOA AepaTH3aUHH.
XHMH4eCKHH H 6aKTepHOJIOrH4eCKHl3 McTOAbI HCKJIK)4aIOTCSI, TdK K8K
TpynbI norH61uHx rpbl3y HOB He Bceraa MOryT 6bITb Ha13AeHbI, a npH pa3-
JIO?KeHHH Bb13bIBaIOT nopuy Bo3Ayxa. KpoMe Toro, KpbICbI 3a6HpaIOTCH
B pa3JIHgHble McCTa, rAe MOryT BbI3BaTb 3aMbIKaHHe TOKa H apyrHe aBa-
pHHHble cJIyIaH.
BOJIbiuoe 3Ha4eHHe HMeIOT TaKxce npOcf HJIaKTH4eCKHe MepOnpHBTHH,
o6eCne4HBa1OnjHe HeB03MWKHOCTb npOHHKHOBeHHH rpb13YHOB B IIIaXTbI
McTpO H JIHHIaiowHe HX KOpMOBoi 6a3bl.
BJlaroAapH co4eTaHHIO npoc HJIaKTH4ecKHx H HCTpe6HTeJIbCKHx Mepo-
npHSITHi3 B 1956 r. yAaJiocl; AO6HTbCSI 6oJiee BbICOKOH 3c1x eKTHBHOCTH
Aepam3auHH no cpaBHeHHiO C 1955 roAoM.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
PARHOHAJIbHbIE METO)JbI )LEPATH3ARHH IIHLIIEBbIX
O6bEKTOB
T. B. 3AJIE)KCKHH
T. B. CAXAPOBA. A. H. TP,43EJIOBA.
H. E. H3PAHJIEBH4. K. 0. JIEBEJ EBA..9. H. TY,1ZKOBA M. A. EM MA.
M. A. PYEHHA. E. T. CEPEEPAKOBA. JI. A. KPACOBCKAJI
(L[eHTpanbHaH KOHTpOJIbHO-HCCJIe.OBaTeJIbCKa 1 na6opaTOpH5I MOCFOpAe3CTaHUHH)
MI'AC. ae30T'AeneHH51 NQN9 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
Pa60Ta 6bJJIa BbIno.nHeHa B Texiexne 1956 r.; npoanaJIH3HpoBaHbI Ma-
TepHanbI, OTHOCHU1$ CH K npOAOBOJIbCTBeHHbIM Mara3HHaM H CTOJIOBbIM
14-TH paflOHOB, B KOTOPbIX HaCT4HTbIBaeTCH 559 np0RMara3HHOB H 419
CTOJIOBbIX. IIoJ[aBJIH1o1Xia 1 TIaCTb 3THX 06-beKTOB (80 % Mara3HHOB
H 90,4% CTOJIOBbIX) pacnoJio}KeHa B KaMeHHbIX 3JiaHnHX. B AepeBAH-
HbIX CTp0eHH5IX pa3MeiuaeTC51 JIHHIb 15,4% nHnieBbIX TOTIeK.
HeCKOJIbKo 60JIbIne HOJIOBHHbI npoJ[Mara3HHOB H CTOJIOBbIX (55%)
HaAe}KHO oCBo60}KAeHO OT rpbl3yHOB, OKOJIO 1/3 (32,4%) nepnojiHTIecKH
3aCeJISI1OTC51 H npHMepHO 1/8 (12,7%) CTOIiKO 3aceJieHa rpb13yHaMH.
CymeCTBeHHOH pa3HHUb1 B 3TOM OTHOUIeHHH Me}KAy KaMeHHbIMH H Jiepe-
BSIHHbIMH CTpoeHHSIMH He OTMetIaeTCH. 16% 06-beKTOB 3aceiieHO Kpblca-
MH, 75% -AOMOBbIMH MbIIIIaMH H 9% -oAHOBpeMeHHO KpbICHMH
H MbIHIaMH. TaKHM o6pa3OM, 3aCeJIeHHOCTb np0AMara3HHOB H CTOJIOBbIX
onpeAeiISIeTCH npeHMyweCTBeHHO JJOMOBbIMH MbIHIaMH.
AHaJIH3 JgaHHbIX 0 BbIJIOBe rpb13YHOB npf 06bitIHOH pa6oTe no Aepa-
TH3aIiHH B TegeHHe ro,L a no 234 fHHjeBbIM 06-beKTaM nOKa3blBaeT, TITO
B 60JIbnIHHCTBe CJiyTIaeB BbIJIaBJIHBaJIOCb OT 1 a O 10 FPb13YHOB Ha 0AHOH
TOTIKe. O,IiHaKO, Ha OTJ(eJ1bHbIX o6,beKTaX Bb1JIaBJIHBaJIOCb 100 H 60Jlbiue
rpbl3YHOB.
3ace.aeHHOCTb nHnjeBbIX TOTIeK KpblCaMn o6ycJIoBJIHBaeTC51 B 6OJIb-
HIHHCTBe c.nyTlaeB (82%) HeYAOBJIeTBOpHTeJIbHbIM caHHTapHO-TeXHH-
TieCKHM COCTORHHeM 06'beKTa H HaJIHT-IHeM KPbIC B 6JIH}KaHIIIeM oKpy-
}KeHHH.
3acejleHHOCTb MbIHIaMH JIHHIb B 58% ciyvaeB Bb13BaHa neyAOBJie-
TBOpHTeJlbHbIM caHHTapHO-TeXHHTIeCKHM COCTOHHHeM o6-beKTa H 3ace-
JIeHHOCTbIO OKpy}KalonjHX CTpoeHHH. OCTaJIbHble 42 % cnyTlaeB npHxo-
,U ITCH Ha JZOJIIO 3a6era, a TaK}Ke 3aB03a C TapOH H npoJiyKTaMH.
B pe3yJibTaTe 3aBO3a OKa3aJIOCb 3aceJIeHHbIMH MbIIIIaMH HeCKOJIb-
KO 6oJlbule 1/4 Bcex 06'beKTOB (25,8%). B OTHOIneHHH KpbIC 3a6er fie
OTMeTIeH, a 3aB03 HMeeT McCTO, XOTR B OTHOCHTeJIbHO HeMHOrHX
cJlyga5lx.
Ha OCHOBe npo,e.nannoH pa6OTbI MO}KHO 6bIJIO HaMeTHTb HaH6onee
paUH011aJIbHble McTOJI.bI AepaTH3aW1H nHnieBbIX 06-beKTOB.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
Heo6XOAHMo JIHKBHAHPOBaTb HJIH, u0 KpacHei3 Mepe, MaKCHMaJIbHO
COKpaTHTb 3aBO3 rpb13yHOB C IIpOAyKTaMH, TOBapaMH H T. rI. RJIA 9TOrO
Hallo yCHJIHTb AepaTH3auHIo HPOACKJIaAOB 6a3, XOJIOAHJIbHHKOB, OBou e-
XpaHHJIHIIL H T. II.
BBHAy TOrO, LITO OKpy3Kaiouu a HJIH 6JIH3K0 pacnoJlo}KeHHble CTpoe-
HHA, capaH H ApyrHe . HaABOpHbie HOCTPOFIKH H MyCOpoHpoaO,gbI qaCTO
ABJISIK)TCH HCTO4HHKOM HOHOJIHeHH5 HHULeBbIX o6,beKTOB rpb13yHaMH, He-
06XOAHMO 06paTHTb caMoe Cepbe3H0e BHHMaHHe Ha AepaTH3aIZHK) B 3THX
McCTax. HCHOJIb3yH Bce B03M0}KHble McTOAbI, B LIaCTHOCTH, IHHPOKO
HPOBOASI OIIbIJIHBHHHe KPbICHAOM H (JOC(pHAOM UHHKa Hapuuy c McxaHH-
LIeCKHM BbIJIOBOM H HPHMeHeHHeM OTpaBJIeHHbIX H 6aKTepHaJIbHblX npH-
MaHOK, CJIeAyeT JIHKBHJ(HpOBaTb rpb13YHOB B OKpy}KeHHH HJIH 6JIH}KaN-
uleM coceACTBe.
rlpH HpOBeAeHHH HCTpe6HTeJIbHbIX MepOHpH51THI3 CJIeAyeT IIIHPOKO
HPHMeHHTb McXaHHLIeCKHI{ McTOA. KanKaHbI CJieAyeT paCCTaBJIHTb B H3-
6bITKe, H3 pacgeTa I KaHKaH Ha 5-7 KB. M. BbIJIOB BeCTH B TegeHHe
5-7 AHex; HpaKTHKOBaTb ripeABapHTeJIbHyio PaCCTaHOBKY HeHaCTOpO-
}KeHHbIX KaHKaHOB C pa3Ho06pa3HOH npHMaHKOII.
Hap uiy c McXaHHYeCKHM BbIJIOBOM Hy}KHO IHHpe HpHMeHSITb OHbIJIH-
BaHHe KpbICHAOM H (JOC(THAOM H,HHKa HOP, XOAOB, TpOH, TaMHOHOB, BOAbI
H T. A., a TaKxce HCHOJIb3OBaTb OTpaBJIeHHble HPHMaHKH c HpeABaPHTeJIb-
HbIM HPHKOPMOM AJIA KpbIC B TeLIeHHe 6-8 AHeri BCIOAy, rae 3T0
B03MO)KHO.
Ha oco60 TPYAHbIX o6-beKTaX B03MO>KHO AOHyCTHTb H0A JIHLIHbIM Ha-
6JIIOAeHHeM CHeuHaJIHCTa-6HoJI0ra paCKJIaAKy OTpaBJIeHHbIX HPHMaHOK
C KpbICHAOM H 30OKyMapHHOM B OTKpbITbIX McCTaX (He TOJIbKO B HOpbI)
npH C06JIIoAeHHH BCeX Mep npeAOCTOPO}KHOCTH.
HaHJIyqUIHe pe3yJlbTaTbl Ha HHUjeBbIX o6'beKTax AaIOT HPHMaHKH
C 300KyMapHHOM. rlpHMaHKH C KpbICHAOM H (pOC()HAOM UHHKa HOeAa10T-
CSI KpbICaMH McHee OXOTHO H AaIOT 3HaiiHTeJIbHO McHbuIHcI 3(1(eKT.
Heo6XOAHMO AO6HTbCH pe3K0I'0 yJiyqUIeHHA KatIecTBa HpHMeHSIeMbIX
JIOByIUeK (Bepluei, MbIIHeJIOBOK, KarIKaHOB), BHeLpHTb AJI,A BbIJIOBa
KpbIC H MbIIHeI-I KaHKaHbI C TpanHKaMI-I. HMeIOIIUHeCH KarIKaHbI Hy}KHO
KOHCTPyKTHBHO YJIY4HIHTb, B LIaCTHOCTH, o6JIer4HTb HX sec, TITo6bI ae3HH-
(peKTOp MOr 6e3 oco6ox0 HaHpSi}KeHHSI 6paTb 70-100 KanKaHOB 3apa3.
,aim OTAeJIbHbIX 06'beKTOB IjeJIecoo6pa3HO yHOTpe6JIHTb AJIA BbIJIOBa
KPbIC AyrOBbie KarIKaHbI N200.
BOJIbIUOfI npaKTHLIeCKHI3 HHTepeC HMeeT CO3AaHHe OTHyrHBaJouLeH
rpbl3yHOB Tapbl aim HpOAYKTOB.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
K BOIIPOCY 0 AEPATH3AL(NN TOPO)JCKHX CBAJIOK
P. F. COBOJIEBA. K. B. CMHPHOBA. T. B. 3AJIEXCCKHH
(UeHTpa.-bIIaH KOHTpOJIbHO-HCCJIeAoBaTeJIbCKa A Jla6opaTOpI51 Mocropae3CTaHuHH,
Ae30T,ileJ1eHHe Ns 3)
Pa60Ta IIposo,HJiacb B JIeTHe-oceHHHH nepHoA - c 15-20 HIOHH no
27 OKT$16px 1956 F. Ha AByx cBaJlxax: YCOB PlueHCTBOBaHHOH caa.i e
31o3HH0? , paCnoJio}KeHHOH B 800 M OT rOPOACKOH tiePTbl H CBaJIKe
)KAaHOBCKOrO paHOHa F. MOCKBbI (KOHTpOJIbHaH). Ha yCOBepHIeHCTBO-
BaHHOH CBaJIKe ?3103HHO> npIIBO3HMbtH MyCOp CCbinaeTC51 B OBpar H no-
KPbIBaeTCfl CJIoeM 3eMJIH.
Ha TeppHTOPHH CBaJIKH }KAaHOBCKOrO paiOHa r. MOCKBbI HMeIOTCH
. 6HByaKH> , TO CCTb McCTa BpeMeHHOTO XpaHeHHA yTHJHH H nHHjeB5Ix
OTXOAOB.
L eJlbio pa60TbI 9BJIHJIOCb CpaBHHTeJIbHOe I33ygeHI-ie CTeneHH 3ace-
JIeHHOCTH rpbl3yHBMH o6bIqHOH H yCOBepIneHCTBOBaHHOH CBajioK, a TaK-
KKe H3bICKaHHe HaH60Jiee panHOHaJIbHbIX McTOAOB 6opb6bi c rpb13yHaMH
Ha AaHHbIX o6'beKTax.
FIpH THjaTeJIbHOM 06CJIeAOBaHHH TeppHTOpHH yCOBeplueHCTBOBaH-
HOH CBaJIKH H CKJIOHOB OBpara, rAe ewe HeT MyCopa, He yAaJIOCb o6Ha-
py3KHTb HOP FPbI3YHOB H ApyrHX npH3HaKOB MX npHCVTCTBHH (c.neAbi,
noMeT, nOrPbI3bI H T. A.) .
OTCyTCTBHe KpbIC Ha pa6oqeH qaCTH CBaJIKH 6bIJlO noATBep)KAeno
TaK}Ke pa60THHKaMH, 3aHHMaIOIUHMHCSI 3aCbInKOH Mycopa 3eMJieH
(onpoiueHO 15 YeJIOBeK). EAHHHgHble KpbICbI nO1BJI1IOTCI BpeMeHaMH
TOJIbKO B yTIIJIbnaJlaTKaX H apyrHX CTpOeHHSIX CBaJIKH.
37 HOp 6blJio o6Hapy}KeHO OKOJIO yTHJIbnaJIaTOK H npOH3BOACTBeH-
HbIX CTpOeHHH CBaJIKH; H3 HHX 16 OKa3aJIHCb }KHBbIMH. B KanKaHbl, pac-
CTaBJIeHHble OKOJIO HOP, B TetIeHHe Tpex AHeH 6bLJIO OTJIOBJIeHO 8 KpbIC
H 1 MbIHIb.
HCTpe611eHHe rPb13YHOB npOBOJjHJIOCb KOM6HHHpOBaHHbIM McTO-
AOM - OnbIJIHBaHHe HOP (pOCCkHAOM 1jHHKa (3-4 r. Ha oAHy Hopy)
H paCKJIaAbIB3HHe OTpaBJIeHHOH I1PHMaHKH C 300KyMaPHHOM. rlpHMaHKa
AaBaJIaCb B TeueHHe 4 AHeH B 6yMa>KHbIX naKeTHKaX no 25-30 r
B Ka3KAOM.
OnbIJIHBaHHe nPOBOAHJIOCb gBa}KAbi C HeAeJlbHb1M HHTepBaJloM,
a fPHMaHKa AaBaJIaCb TOJIbKO 1PH nePBOM OnbIJIHBaHHH.
Floc ie npOBeAeHHOH pa60Tbi }KaJIo6bI Ha KpbIC npeKpaTHJIHCb. IIPo-
BepKa KaHKaHaMH TaK}Ke noKa3a. is CHH}KeHHe T4HCJIeHHOCTH KpbIC.
B 36 KaHKaHOB 6bIJIO OTJIOBJICHO Bcero ABe KpbICbI H 19 MbIH1eH, KOJIH-
geCTBO KOTOPbIX yBeJIHquJIOCb, noBnAHMOMy, 3a c'-IeT nepeceiieHHSI C no-
JIIeH B CBSi3H C nOXOJIOAaHHeM.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
Ha caa.nKe 7KAaHOBCKoro paioHa r. MOCKBbt BeAeTCH pa6oTa no
ECTpe6aeHHlo rpbl3yHOB c 1948 r. HecMOTpH Ha 3T0, Ao cHx flop tIHCJIeH-
HOCTb KpbIC Ha CBaJIKe eIue 3HaLIHTeJIbHa.
B 1953.r. 6bIJI0 OTJIOBJIeHO 847 rpbI3yHOB, H3 KOTOpbIX 225 KPbIC
(26,5%). 3a 4 o6JIoBa, npOBeAeHHbIX MOCKOBCKOI-I Ha6JIIoAaTeJlbHOIi
CTaHUHeI3 B MapTe, Hlone, aBryCTe H OKTH6pe 1955 r. 6bIJIO BbIJIOBJIeHO
115 rpb13yHOB. 143 HHX - 104 KpbICbI, OCTaJIbHble MbIIIIH. OceHblo
1955 r. nocne paCKnaAKH npHMaHKH C 300KYMaPHHOM Ha 4HByaKaX)
6bino co6paso 160 TpynOB KpbIC.
B ripouecce pa60Tbl no AepaTH3auHH B Tenjlble 3HMHHe McCHubl
1954-1955 rr. pa6OTHHKaMH Ae30TELeJIeHHH N2 3 OTJIaBJIHBaJIOCb no
800-1000 rpbI3yHOB.
MOCKOBCKa l Ha6JIIOAaTeJIbHaH CTaHWI5i B MapTe H Mae 1956 r. BbIJIO-
BHna 52 KpbICbI H 5 MbIIIIei. B HIOHe 3TOFO xce roga, 3a tleTblpe uaca
Ha . KpbICbI 3AeCb nocenHIOTCH He TOnbKO B CTpoeHHHX, HO H
Ha TeppHTOPHH CBaJIKH.
Bopb6a c rpbI3yHaMH Ha 3TOI1 CBaJIKe npOBOAHnaCb TeM )Ke McTO-
AOM, 'ITO H Ha CBaJIKe KHMOe CTaKaH-
gHKa nepeMeluHBaioT nOKa4HBaHHeM B TeqeHHe 1 MHHyTbI.
110CJIe KaxcuOH npHJIHTOI3 nopuHH Ha6Juo,ijaIOT 3a OTKJIOHeHHeM
CTPeJIKH KOppeKTOpa HyTeM OTpbIBHCTOrO HaxcaTHS1 6e.ioci KHOHKH. KO-
Hel. THTPOBaHHH, TO eCTb MOMeHT HeIITpaJIH3auHH onpejieJiieT HyJIeBOe
nOJION{eHHe CTpeJIKH KOppeKTopa, yKa3bIBaIoLUeFi MHHHMyM BeJIHLIHHbI
BJIeKTpOnpOBOjjHOCTH.
ToqHO OTMetlaIOT HO 61opeTKe KOJIHqeCTBO II(eJ1o9H, yme,runeif Ha
THTpOBaHHe.
OJwHOBpeMeHHO CTaBRT XOJIOCTOI'I OnbIT C nHLueBOii OCHOBOfi. HaBeCKy
nHUieBOII OCHOBbI 6epyT 6JIH3K0 K HCnbITyeMo i.
Pac eT npOueHTHOrO coj[ep}KaHHSI (X) yrJle6apHeBOi%I COJIH B 3aTpaB-
Kax npOH3BOART HO (popMyJie:
aB
(A - Inn) - B) - 0,0968 - 100
6- - rae
A - o6,beM TOqHO I H. paCTBOpa COJIRHOK KHCJIOTbI, B3 1TOI%I j[JIR
onpej[eJIeHHR B MJI.
a - o6'beM 0,01 H. paCTBOpa ej(KOrO HaTpa, nomej[HIero Ha THTpOBa-
BaHHe H36bITKa COJIRHOcf KHCJIOTbl, HaXOAHBIIIerOCR B I MJI.
HCHbITyeMOrO PaCTBOPa B MA.
B - o61uHil o6veM pa3BegeHH51 HaBeCKH B MJI.
B - o6'beM TOtIHO 1 H. paCTBOpa COJISIHOK KHCJIOTbI, npopearnposaB-
Wei3 B KOHTpOJIbHOM Onpej[CJIeHHH B MJI.
0,09682 - KOJIHLIeCTBO yrJle6apHeBOI%I COJIH, COOTBeTCTBylonjee I MJI_
0,01 H. paCTBOpa COJIRHOII KHCJIOTbI B rp.
Pa3pa6OTaHHbIM McTOqOM MO}KHO OnpeJaeJIRTb ripoHeHTHOe co4ep-
}KaHHe yr.ne6apneBof COJIH B 3aTpaBKaX Ha HHLueBbIX OCHOBaX: niiieH-
HOIi Kaiue B COqeTaHHH c paCTHTeJIbHbIM MaCJIOM H CaXapoM, 6e.noK
x.ne6HOH KpO1lKOi3 C TeM )Ke coneTanneM, p3Kanof xJIe6HOfI KPO{IIKe c
KOJ16aCHbIM (JapiueM.
McTOJ HenpuroAeH J JIR KOJIHileCTBeHHOro Onpej[eJIeHHA yr.IeKHcjioro
6apHR B 3aTpaBKaX Ha KOJ16acHOM 4 apule, BCJIe4CTBHe noJly4eHHR 3a-
HH}KeHHbIX pe3yJlbTaTOB.
OTHOCHTeJIbHaH oIHH6Ka McTOJJa jjJIR 3aTpaBOK C 10%-M coaep}Ka-
HneM yrJIeKHCJIOro 6apHR He HpeBblluaeT- 5,9%; npH Coj[ep}KaHHH 5%
yrJIeKHCJIOro 6apIR - He npeBblluaeT 9,8 % .
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
METOAHKA OIIPEAEJIEHHA DTOPHCTO[O HATPH51
B 3ATPABKAX HA PA3JIH9Hb1X HHII(EBbIX OCHOBAX
M. C. BAJIbCKAH A. H. HOHOBA
jueHTpaJIbHaH KOHTpOJIbHO-HCCJIeAOBaTeJIbCKaH na6opaTOpH51 MocropAe3CTaHuHH)
I-Iepejj HaMH 6bIJIa HOCTaBJlexa 3ajjaqa HaIiTH AOCTaTOilHO npOCTOK
H 6bICTpbIH McTOA onpeaeJIeHHH 4)TOpHCTOI'O HaTPHSI B AepaTH3auHOH-
HbIX 3aTpaBKax.
B JIHTepaType LLIHpOKO onHcaHbI pa3JIHLIHble McTOAbI onpeAeJIeHHH
,(ITOpHCToro HaTPHSI B TeXHHqeCKHX COCTaBaX H B nHnjeBbIX npOAyKTax.
McTOAa onpeAeJIeHHR (1TOpHCTOFO HaTPHSI B 3aTpaBKaX HaM He yAa-
JIOCb BCTpeTHTb B JIHTepaType.
I-IyTeM HeKOTOpbIX H3MeHeHHH H AOIIOJIHeHHi3 McToLa onpeAe.IeHHH
COAep}KaHHH (TOpHCTO1'O HaTPHSI B TeXHmeCKOM npOAyKTe, yKa3aHHOTO
B FOCTe 2874-45 HaMH pa3pa6oTaH McTO)j AJISI onpeAeJieHHSI (4TOpHCTO-
ro HaTpHH B 3aTpaBKax.
XoA axaJrn3a
6NaF+4HCI+3S102+2KC1=6NaC1+2H2SiO2+K2SiF6
Hasecxy 3aTpaBKH B 5-7 r, B3HTyIO Ha TexHH4ecKHx Becax, nepeHo-
CSIT B KOHH4eCKyIO KOJ16y eMKOCTblO 250 MJI H 3aJIHBBIOT 30 MJI AeCTH.n-
JIHpOBaHHOH BOAbI. COAep)KHMoe KOJ16bI HarpeBaIOT AO KHHeHHH H AO-
6aBJIHIOT 2-3 KaIIJIH 4JeHOJI(~TaJIeHHa H 2 MJI I-HOpMaJIbHoro paCTBOpa
eAKoro HaTpa.
CMeCb 4)HJIbTpy1OT 3epe3 CTeKJIHHHyIO HJIH o6bI1HyIO BaTy B KOHHl1e-
CKYIO KoJ16y eMKOCTbIO 250 MJI. OcaAOK npoMbIBaIOT ropsILIeH AeCTHJI-
JIHpOBaHHOH BOAOH, Ao 6eCUBeTHbIX HPOMbIBHbIX BOA, HOPUHSIMH no
10-15 MJI, (HJIbTpaT TOTIHO HeHTpaJIH3YJOT I-HOPMaJIbHOH COJISIHOIi
KHCJIOTOH.
K HeHTpaJIbHOMy paCTBOPY npH6aBJISIK)T I r HeiTpaJIbHOrO CHJIHKa-
reJIH pacrepToro B McJIKHH nOpOHIOK, 10 MJI I-HopMaJIbnoro paCTBOpa
COJISIHOH KHCJIOTbI K7% 3aTpaBKaM H 5 MJI KHCJIOTbI 2%- 3aTpaBKaM,
2-3 KanJIH McTH opaH)Ka. COAep iuiMoe KoJ16bI HarpeBaIOT AO 90?C
H K ropey paCTBOPY Ao6aBJI5I10T 3-4 r He1iTpaJIbHOrO XHMH'-IeCKH
IIHCTOFO XJIOpHCTOrO KaJIHSI. PaCTBOp OXJIa%AaIOT H H36bITOK COJIHHOH
KHCJIOTbI OTTHTPOBbIBaeTCSI I-HOpMaJIbHbIM paCTBOPOM eAKOFO HaTpa AO
CTOHKOrO B TeqeHHe 2-x MHHYT }KeJITOrO OKpaIIIHBaHHH.
OAHOBpeMeHHO CTaBHTC51 KOHTpOJIbHbIH OnbIT C nnmeBOn OCHOBOH.
CorJIacHO ypaBHeHHH KOHe'IHoro npouecca:
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
I rpaMMonexyJla COJISIHOIi KHCJIOTbl B3aHMo) ei3cTByeT C no iyTOpa rpaM-
MOJIeKyJIaMH (63 r q)TOPHCTOI'O HaTpHH.).
IlpoueHTHoe coaepx(aHHe (X) (pTOpHCTorO HaTpHSI BbItIHCJIHIOT HO
(popMy.ne:
X = ((A - 13) - (a - 6) 0,063.100 rAe
H
A - 06,beM TOTiHO I-HOpMaJIbHoro pacTBopa COJIHHO11 KHCJIOTbI, npH-
JIHTOH K HCnbITyeMOMy PaCTBOPY B MJI.
a -To }Ke B XOJIOCTOM onbITe.
B - O6'beM TOqHO I-HOpMaJIbHoro paCTBopa e,TKorO HaTpa, rloiue.q-
iuero ,AZJIH CB5I3bIBaHHR H36bITKa COJISIHOii KHCJIOTbI B MJI.
6 - TO x{e B XOJIOCTOM OnbiTe.
0,0630 - 3KBHBBJIeHT ,IJJIH (pTOPHCTOro HaTpHSI.
Pa3pa6oTaHHbIM iMeTOgOM iMO}KHO KOJIH'IeCTBeHHO OHpe.geJiHTb COjjep-
3KaHHe (pTOpHCToro HaTPHH B 3aTpaBKaX Ha CJIeAylou1HX nHIljeBbIX OCHO-
Bax: nmleHHOci Kauie c MaCJIOM H caxapoM, 6eAioI XJie6H013 KpOnIKe, px(a-
HOII XJIe6Hoci KpOIIKe B CMeCH C KOJ16aCHbIM (papiueM, KOJ16aCHOM
(papule.
OTHOCHTeJIbHaH nOrpeniHOCTb McToAa He npeBbllnaeT ? 1,040 Aim
3aTpaBOK C 7% co.T epx(aHHeM (pTOpHCToro HBTPHH H ? 4% AJISI 3aTpa
BOK c 2% co4epx{aHHeM (JTOPHCTOrO HaTpHfl.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/11/10: CIA-RDP80T00246AO61500170001-0
3HAMEHATEJIbHAA RATA
B ceHTSl6pe 1959 roAa HCHOJIHSieTCH 75 JIeT C MOMeHTa C03AaHHff
B MOCKBe BpeMeHHOYi HCHOJIHHTeJlbHOI3 CaHHTapHOH KOMHCCHH, qeM 6bIJI0,
nOJTO}KeHO HaTiaaro opraHH3aIZHH CBHHTapHOI3 CJIy}K6bI B MOCKBe.
B03HHKIIIaSi B 1884 rOAy B 3anaAHOIi EBpone 3nHAeMHH xo iepbl C03-
AaJia nps1Mylo yrpo3y pacnpocTpaHeHHSl ee B POCCHH. BcTpesoxceHHble
3tuM cO6bITHeM MOCKOBCKaH rOpOACKaH RyMa H MOCKOBCKaA ropoaCKaS:
YnpaBa HPHHSJJIH peuleHHe O CO3AaHHH c npaBOM peulalouiero rOJIOCa
caHHTapHOYl opraHH3aumH.
12 ceHTA6pT 1884 roga COCTOSIJIOCb nepBoe 3aceAaHHe HCHOJIHHTeJIb-
HOIi CaHHTaPHOI-I KOMHCCHH, B COCTaB KOTOPOII BXOAHJIH 20 H36paHHbIX
)1yMo i CaHHTapHbIX noneT4HTeJieI H Ha3HageHHbIX YnpaBOI3 20 caHHTap-
HbIX Bpaqel3.
O 3aAagax H HanpaBJIeHHH pa60Tb1 3TOfI opraHH3auHH MO)KHO CyAHTb
no OT3bIBY CaHHTapHbIX BpaTiei-l MOCKOBCKOI3 rOpOACKOI3 YnpaBbl. B TOM
OT3bIBe rOBOpHTCH, 'qTO KaaioTCSI AOJI3KHOCTH Y1IHJINHLHbIX (uIKOJIbHO-CaHHTapHbIX) Bpaqeu,
rJIaBHOi 3a6OTOii KOTOPbIX CTaHOBHTCH caHHTapHoe COCTOSIHHe IIKOJIbHbIX
3AaHHK H 3AOPOBbe yLIati xccI H yi ani,HX (neAaroroB).
B 1891 rOAy HO HHHuHaTHBe H HpH aKTHBHOM coAeIiCTBHH npo4.
i. (D. DpHCMaHa, B MOCKBe, HpH Ka(peApe rHrHeHbI MOCKOBCKoro rocy-
AapcTBeHHoro YHHBepCHTeTa, 6bIJIa C03AaHa MOCKOBCKaH caHHTapHa$i
CTaHuHSI. IIITaT nepBOif MOCKOBCKOI-I ropOACKOH CaHHTapHOX1 CTaHI(HH
COCT051JI H3 veTblpex 'IeJIOBeK: 3aBeAy1o1uero, AByx Bpageli H Jla6opaHTa-
xnMHKa. q o 1916 roAa caHHTapHax CTaHUHSI OCTaBaJIaCb npH rHrHeHH-
ileCKOM HHCTHTYTe MI'Y, a c 1916 r. OHa 6bt.na nepeBeAexa B cneuHaJlb-
HOe IIOMeMeHHe H B CBOex AeHTeJIbHOCTH HOALIHHHJIaCb MOCKOBCKOii
ropOACKOH YHpaBe. J1Jig HPH ropoAcxol3 Ynpa-
Be 6bIJI opraHH30BaH Bpa4e6HbIH COBeT, B COCTaB KOTOp0I'O BXOAHJIH
BCe rJIaBHble AOKTOPa rOPOACKHX 60JIbHHij, 6 6OJIbHHLIHbIX BpageK, 10
spageii BHe6oJIbHHLIHbIX ytipex{AeHHH (B T. ti. caHHTapHble BpaqH), H3-
6HpaBIHHxcH H3 o6uxero cocTasa ropoAcKHx Bpaqei H 3 Bpaqa - 3aBe-
AyiomHe OTAeJIbHbIMH LIaCTSIMH Bpa~Ie6Ho-caHHTapxoI opraHH3a1HH
Ynpasbl.
OAHOI3 H3 o6R3aHHOCTecI y4aCTKOBbIX CaHHTapHbIX Bpaveii (Bc1 Ca-
HHTapHaSI pa60Ta B 3TOT nepNoA CTPOHJIBCb HO yqaCTKOBOMY HpHHLHny)
6bIJIo Ha6JIK)AeHHe 3a CaHHTapHbIiM COCTOHHHeM Hp0MbIHIJIeHHbIX npeA-
npH5ITHH. B 1913 roAy B COCTaBe MOCKOBCKOI3 CaHHTaPHOK OpraHH3auHH
6bIJI BbIAeJIeH CHeuHaJIbHbIId oTAeJI (Ja6pHTlHOI-I caHHTapll.
K 1917 rOAy B COCTaBe MOCKOBCKO11 CaHHTaPHOI3 OpraHH3aUHH 6bIJIH
npeJCTaBJIeHbI OCHOBHble OTpaCJIH CaHHTaPHOIi CJIy}K6b1: o6uZeCaHHTap-
HbIH ()KHJIHIuHO-KOMMyHaJIbHbI i) HaA30p, HHIueBOf-i CaHHTapHbll3 Ha,II330p,
* H. McApHH (M. E. CaJITbIKOB). IIo,nxoe co6paHHe cO9. T. XIV.,