(SANITIZED)TRANSPORTATION REPORT(SANITIZED)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A061100070001-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 27
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 8, 2011
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: December 4, 1961
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
is material contains Information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title
i U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law,
COUNTRY East Germany/USSR/Czechoslovakia/ REPORT L
Poland
SUBJECT Transportation DATE DISTR.
Report NO. PAGES
REFERENCES
DATE OF
INFO.
PLACE &
DATE ACQ.
4 DEC 1961
1
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report on transportation in East Germany, USSR, Czechoslovakia,
and Poland.
ARMY #xINAVY
LJ
ft]
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I. International Traffic RelaR1os r
Military Est-Vest transportation novesients between the p83) and the
western satellites.
The gauge-changing zone atong the Polish/Cseohoelorakisa/So1 iet border.
(For layout sketch, see Annrss 1).
Strategically important toad construction in North-Carelis (Soviet-
Finnish border area).
International agreement on passenger traffic with the V85'
New agreement between the 8(Q5 member states (MM and European satellite
countries) on international direct combined railroad and ship freight
traffic.
II, USSR
Construction of a second 6,000 kilometer Tranesiberian railroad line
discussed at xoscow traffic oonferenoe.
Electrification of the Karaganda - Celinograd . obol (South Siber.'k)
line to begin in 1963.
In 1961, a total of 1,807 track kilometers to be eiuipped with automatic
block installations and dispatcher interlookingptants, a total of
4,000 switches-to be connected with the centraliset electric control
points and the roadbed of a total of 7,720 track kilometers to be re-
newed.
Compared with 1950, the, maximum speed on railroad liner increased by.
37.3 percent in passenger' traffic and by 25.5 percent in freight
traffic.
A total of 600,000 rail aa~ters per year to attend sxteneion courses,a
Approximately 118,000hpe6alists with a higher ednoation and
206,000 specialists secondary education employed with the rail
roads.
Freight car requirement8, and measures to be taken for the transportation
of this year's gzsin trope, estimated to amount to 70 million tons.
III, East Germany
F~~r w.r
Interzonal passenger traffic to West Berlin converted to transit traffic
from 18 September 1961 on.
East German considerations with regard to the handling of railroad and
road traffic between West Berlin and Vast Germany and between East
Germany and West Germany after the conclusion of the pea** treaty.
Demands for discussions on government level and for agreements between
the two German states,
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By order of the Ministry for Traffic, railroad traffic betvwa West Berlir
and . rest GermaV to continue tmditurbed after August 13, 1961.
Last chances obstructs& for esospes on traffic routes by reiso?:i.ng
Reicbsbshn personnel living in last Berlin and East Germany from
interzonal trains and from trains running through West Berlin, by
forcibly transferring last Berlin railroaders to last Germany, by
rerouting the Eisenach ? Bebra interzonal railroad line which partly
crossed West German territory, eM by interrupting further 8-Bahn
lines through the removal of rails.
RID Berlin reorganised= n.w Railroad Subdivision Vest at Bordbahnhof
(railroad station north) (former Stettiner bahnhof).
Strained traffic situation in Zest Berlin caused by the discontinuat'o-)n
of several S-Rahn and subway lines.
Passenger traffic between East Germany and East Berlin normalized.
West Berlin railroaders dissatisfied and increasingly tending :o givo
not';ae because of the',:unelsr1fied situation in the conversion of
wages into NW.
until ?9 September 1961
Border orossing point Frankfurt/Oiler heavily u3ed; also Guben and
possibly GSrlitz used for military border crossing 9h.l ~enta~ The
amount of troops and/or equip~~rt. still undetermined, Supply of
ammunition and ordnance equipment 14 orates also by ship since late
June 1961?
Crude oil and bituminous, coal importe by rail, in August 1961.
Opening of another border crossing point between East Germany and
Czechoslovakia still unconfirme
Extremely critical op rtions4l situation of the Deutsche Reichebahn
through sxoeptio%tally 1 e&vy requirements.
No winter timetable irit'oduced on 1 Ootober 1961.
Work productivity of the traffic services to be increased in line
with the "Produktionsaufgebot" (production efforta) (same wages for
greater output with leas':vorkforce).
Coal stocks amounted to three to four da s $ requirements- Daily
eumption quota of locomotive coal increased.
Heavy military requirements of the Reiehsbahn. Rolling eto:,k held.
avail)>.Uie for military requirements (probably for Warsaw Pit maneuvers.)
1961.
tracks and ramps).
Electric operation on'l;eipzig - Altenburg line to begiu in December,
to railroad construction projects of the East German Army (siding
Railroad improvement in, the Eerlin area, started after 13 August 1961
progressed; rails for the renewal of the roadbed of the Frankfurt/Odes
Berlin line made available for the Berlin area project. Priority giveti
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8-2-C?B?P-T
series production of Saugs?.ohanging wheel sets started at LW (Reiobs-
bahn repair shop) Svickauf the fly (Ramgarian state Railroads) criti-
cal of the design of the sets.
Mobile loading-ramps constructed at RIY MeiniagMe.
"1ntgiftaagssog" (decoutaa3rw ..Lon train) constructed for the Fast
German Away*
Diesel locomotives for Schs*tl-TO rbr.nnump riebrsgen (S~"'' (rapid
combustion railcars) imported from Caaohoslovshia.
YY. Cseahoslovakia
Survey efficiency of the ilfferent means of transportation for the
first six months in 1961.
Railroad eleatricicatior program until 1965 (For layout sketch of
railroad lines, see Annex 2).
Border crossing point Marc2-sgg to Austria closed because of repairs
on the railroad bridge over the March River.
Reavy freight trains with up to 224 axles/4,588 tote and 258 axles/
1,554 tons run on the Volky Osek (Gross Osseg) Hradec Kralove
(KSnig grAts) line.
Railway engineer troops employed in line construction in the mine
combine area near Kosice.
Highway from Eger to Reioheaberg via Karlsbad - Tetachen expanded.
Prague - Moscow flight with TV-104 within 2 hours and 15 minutes.
T. Poland
Railroad electrification program until 1965 (For layout sketch, see
Annex 3).
Freight and passenger traftio up to a distance of 50 kilometers to be
rationalised.
Bridge over the Bug River near Vyeskow (north-.east of Warsaw) completed.
Railborder Station Reppen an Posen - F.rinkfurt/Odor line overburdened;
dispatch of transit trains delayed by several days.
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., 4
'lrat?io_Relations
1. international
1. U i +MVV &t-want t betwg9a the t
ote, e o es. or oonpsrisvn, see nspo icon
M
uauary for August 1961, pare 1,1).
a. USSOR
There is still noblest picture available of the transportation
movements from the depth of the USSR, particularly on the Trans-
Siberian Magistrate. Siace July 1961, however, border?orossing
Soviet Army shipments were noted mainly on the Insterburg - Eorsohen ?
Allenstein, on the Brest Litovsk - Malassewice, and on the Medrka
Prsemyel - Zurawios lines.
b. 'Poled
Military transportation movements by rail to and through Poland
reached their peak in about aid-August and decreased slightly
during September. The extent of tie movements which comprised whole
unit shipments as well as personnel and materiel shipments cannot yet
be assessed safely. There can be no doubt that comprehensive trans
port movements have been made and/or are still being naAe. The
fact that they have! been spread out over a prolonged period of
time and were made on the simultaneously commercially heavily used
east - west transportation routes, suggests the possibility that
major contingents of troops are bung brought-in inconspicuously.
The establishment of Soviet tt.:riophrt liaison groups on these
transportation routes still needs confirmation, but may be assumed
to be likely.
c. Czechoslovakia
So far, no continuous greater than normal level east-vest transpo~:
tation movements have been noted. Since late August, the it ri -m-
portent railroad lfnee and roads in the western *order areas of
Czechoslovakia (Plzen area) have been guarded by troops.
d, Requirements of Rolling Stock
There are indications that due to the military transport movements,
coinciding with the peak traffic of crops and commercial goode,
considerable traff;q djaturbancee were caused in the western bor-',.
der area of the USSR,-in Poland, and in the area of some Baltic
sea harbors. In Poland, the availability of empty railroad gars
for commercial shipments has been restricted, though probably;
for a limited time. Some railroad administrations of the Satelli'to
countries demanded the sped-up return of railroad care to.the
respective country of origin, in September and October 1961.
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For transportation movements and availability of olllAs stook
for ailitary purposes is Bast Gerna*y-, in late Septaaber, on*
Part III of this report (military reguireasets of tde Deutsche
Relobabnle").
0, Cosnsctiee Ath 99 lemcrOf tAs Warsfv riot Ooaatries
A lams oootingeat of '%s present transport so?+rssats m W be
oonseeted with the maneuvers planned to be belt is October and
November 1961.
2. e s o :d
tor layout sketch, see Anoox 1).
a. The average depth of the gauge-changing sone is about 50 kilometers.
b. The distance betwef a .:he gauge.-ohasging son* tad the demarcation
line amounts to 700 to 1,000 track kilometers.
c. The average running time of a military trstgaport train moving
between the gauge-changing son* and the demarcation line is
about 36 hours.
For oompariFos, nee Transportation Su'nauyr for funs i96i
The following`,de-tails were learned about the construction, oinrried
out by Finniibl rme, of the road section from Rays Yooseppi to
the planned' sirs. power plant at Lake Otsero Not, and about the'
cons truatioD g1 dar: way by the soviets of the road esotioo extendlOf
along the Tt ).osta River and connecting Murmansk with the power plant"
as The rot ' colon to 'be built by the Finns 1s to extend along; 0
Lotto j River by partly using a dirt road which will be .xpank#, , : .
A total.` O medium and about 200 small bridges, all of th"'.with
90 tons.. pity, are to be built on this section. The road is
to be col pl. tad by 'the winter of 1961. A penalty of 25 sillioc; 7.2 .'
is to b6,W4 for each month in arrear with the oonplet_,Thu
entire t.44' is to be asphalted at a later date.
b. Aooordi4.to the stipulated Soviet demands for the capacity of the
bridges and the date of completion of the Finnish road section,,
it is pyesujned?that the road is primarily intended to serve mii.
terry purposes.
4Q International A
sent on Passenger Traffic with the USSR
The USSR reached an agreement on international passenger traffic
with the following countriess Albania, Belgium, Bulgaria, West
Germany, China, Czechoslovakia, Finland, France, Great Britain,
Iran, Italy., J4goslavia, !forth-Korea, Mongolia, The Netherlands,
Austria, Poland, Rumania, East Germany, Turkey, Hungary, Vietnam.
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S-E..a 4.E-T
-6?
5.
b. The following cities caa be resohed from Roseau in 16 through-
conneotioust Helsinki, Warsaw, Berlin, Parts, Prague, Tiesna.
Belgrade, Budapest, Bucharest, Sofia, Roars, Bock van Bollard,
Karlsbed, Yarns, Ulan-Bator, Peipingo
o. It is farther plansed to introduce "Interactional Uniform
Railroad Rates" through which the faree will be considerably
reduced.
On 1 August 1961, the .Regulations to the Agreement on Iateraational
Direct Combined Railroad and ship freight TTaffic" (MShvs) and a
"Direct Tariff" for this traffic became effective. The 8= (Agree.
sent on International Railroad freight Traffic) where, i.e.
the USSR and European satellite countries are members of the new
agreement. It provides for better-exploitation of inland water-
ways for bulk articles in order to relieve the railroads.
iz0 uss
1. Raillga d Trsn-sp rtat i a
$. lroad Net
The constrniotion of a second Tranesiberian line was dieoussed
at a recent traffic conference in Moscow. The approximately
6,000 kilometer-long line is to connect the Urals with the
Pacific Ocean. It is to run north of the present Transeiberian
MagistrI.t,.s and is to expand the total Siberian economic area
by 500 - 100 kilometers to the North.
b. BlIctrifjcation
The electrification of the 900 kilometer Karaganda - Celinograd -'
Tobol (South Siberia) line it to begin in 1963. The line is to
receive alternating current. (See Transportation Summary for
August 1961, Para 1I,3).
c. 8 a adbedd
In 19610 a total of 1,807 track kilometers are to be equipped
with automatic block installations and digpatoher interlocking
plants, and about 4,000 switches are to be conneotpd with the
contralized electric control points. Furthermore, the
roadbed of 7,720 track kilometers of the most important rail-
road lines between Siberia and the Volga area are to be renewed.,
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d,.
DM to tie improved condition as the railroad. liars., the
sasiaa? of trains in passenger traffic iacre"al 1W 3703 per
cant and Mk freight tx*ffia V 25.5 percent an sgalsst the as'-
sitnt speeds roe in 1990. 'Phu., the speed of pass trains
on the llosoov - 1aniegr 4 liar increased to 140 h and on
several other important lines to 120 km/h.
e. n?ranisation and Leal ow
About 600,000 rsilroadire per year attend exteeaien courses.
At present, about 118,000 skilled personnel with a higher
education and 206,000 personnel: with a se-condary education
are employed with the railroads. In 1961, aura than 8,500
engineers axe to pass their examination at the colleges of the
railroads. A total of 1,200 engineers are trained t"oogh
correspondsaoe courses.
f. i t u reae t end 1 Tra r io
in 1961, grain shipments by rail are to be increased by about
1S 20 percent as against 1960 qna are to amount to About
69 - 70 million tons. It is estimated that average of 7,600
railroad oars'will be shipped daily. In 1960, the daily average
was 6,100 rsr goad cars. In September and October 1961, even
10 - 11,000 railroad oars are to be shipped daily. The main
areas for the dispatch of grain shipments are located in the
following railroad districts.
Kasakhstan with 3,000 railroad oars per day (inola?
ding 2,;60O ,,are from ;hs, .sw tivalopssrti.t
area)
West Siberia with 2,000 oars per day
South Ural with 1,300 cars per day
Iybyshev with 900 care per day I
The following measures were taken to ensure a rapid and smooth
transportation of grain from the main harvest areast
(1) The supply of several thousands of new four-axle boxoara
with a loading capacity of 120 oubioneters.
(2) The forming of fully assembled long-distance freight t*-
(3) The sheeting of go
ars..
boxc
ndola cars in case of a shor
tage: of
.
(4) The Shifting of gr
ain shipments to motor vehic
le thtfi.0
on short distances
*
S-E-C-R-E`T
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III . set gt al
1. Intemnal _ -ff
onqual
(2) After the conclusion of he peace treaty, similar regulations
are expected in road trag;ic. Reportedly, the following
alternatives have been considered in this respect.
(a) Traffic with West Berlin will be restricted to the
Helm edt - Berlin superhighway (at present, about
60 percent of the total tonnage of interzonal road
traffic are shipped on the superhighway);
(b) Interzonal traffic via Highway No 5 (Hambarg rt? Berlin)
will be discontinued; or
(o) Interzonal traffic ?,ria other roads than higf+v4,f, . Ll
be prohibited anyway. Thie regulation would not .nly
affect Highway No 5, but also the two southern super-
highways, Herleshausen Berlin and Nurnberg .- Berlin,
which are both interrupted at the demarcation line and
where traffic has (.o continue on East German secondary
roads. West Germany may possibly b:f asked to discuss
a joint improvement of the missing superhighway
stretches and the rebuilding of the still destroyed
bridges.
wens west Berlin and Kest Oersac'.1ng f '.>v some timr
Trareioading i ~Fte3.i;, ivtze not looaied ir: ire i!awedi.ate vicinity
of a xa11 ~~e i at.:- tLun, out sottewhv.,e n.evs;.r tho aLati ::Y 1z&ve been
oat11ed by the 'i:;.rsa; of tY,ut otati.o:...
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