(SANITIZED)ALBANIAN MILITARY INFORMATION/DOMESTIC POLICIES(SANITIZED)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A046300440001-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 77
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 23, 2010
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: February 13, 1959
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
This material contains Information affecting the National Defense of the United 8tates within the meaning of the l9epionage Laws. Title
18, U.S.C. 8ece. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorised person Is prohibited by law.
3 E-C-R_E-T
COUNTRY Albania
DATE OF
INFO.
PLACE &
DATE ACQ.
REPORT
DATE
NO. P
REFERS
17
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SOURCE EVALUATIONS ARE DEFINITIVE.' APPRAISAL OF CONTENT IS TENTATIVE.
1. Army Corps i-dqusr era in Perot
2. Infantry Brigade in Gjinokaster
3, Training of t*ficers-.. N.C.0.s, and other personnel
4. Border Guard 't hits
a. Border Guard 'Battalion in E orgutst
1. Border Post of Sopik
2. Border Post of Radat
3. Border Pbs'' of Kakovi
4. Border Post of Katune
5. Border host-, of i~:ongoo
6. Border Poet, of Svtire
7. Telecomaunicatiods of the Bette
8. Mine fields in the area of the Battalion
9. Code Signals. of the border posts
b. Border Guard 26ttalion in Konispol
c. Company of dandidete A.C.?.ts of the Serande Brigade
d. Training denier of the Border Army Of' Tepelene and PEtrrenJas
e. Pursuit Battalion of Tepelene
Training for the border pursuit efitd police units
and recruiting service for the Border Guard Army
The report also contains information ofthe. following:
1. Morale in the Army. morale in the AlbenUn 53
Army in general is very low because of the poor'living conditions
and that in case of war only Party membera will follow t etr
officers.
2. Propaganda. Indoctrination lectures are given twice a week. 55
STATE % ARMY EV X NAVY 1
(Note: Washington distribution indicated by "X"; Field distribution by "#".)
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ill-I 13'1959
Page 7
8
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3. Youth organization in the Border Army- Ibibarshi
p
t"
in the o
u
orgatUzativn Or the Border Army is not
compulsory. Members are given membership Cards which
distinguishes them from Kulaks and which ecu be used
after the men are discharged
Description of the uniforms and insignia.
5. Salaries of Border Army personnel.
Privates receive:' 180 lens per month, r.r
a
d
. . s
n
Corporals, 220 ].elrs, Sergeants, 240 lake, and Nester
Sergeants, 280 leks.
Description of the barracks of the 185th Border Guard
Battalion of (orgucat.
7. Soviet Military Missions in Albania. There are Soviet
and direct training and handle, the military'bud t.,
the Albanian enltit~ _
59
members
prefer the Albanian officers,whireas the Party.., a} 25X1
members prefer the Soviet officers.. The Albanian population,
however, is unfriendly toward" the Soviet officers becaege
the
blam
th
y
e
e Soviets for. all their aisfort
Courts of justice in Albania.
9. Education. -
10. Practice of Religion in Biliaht.
11. Party organization of the T,118608 of,Bil,fsbt' end
Trashan.
12. Diatldiseal of two peasants, fro* the Bliais)at Oomaunist
Party because of the peaseatsa! fnssi to ;'~p~ta the agricultural
cooperative of the village.
64
13. Membership in the Democratic 7ront Oganizpt#,oa in Bliuisht,
67
11. Internal security measures.
69
15. Description of a new mechanics for project
f
lares,
Which was installed in December 195 JAi
7 is the border area
i va` Smtire`:.ta
o. dpi
16. Bilisht agricultural cooperative
Three
t
th
.
_
r
aof
inhabitants are members of the c min 75
oopsrative . rx spite of .. of Ydrts
on the part of the state to increase prodeetioh of a$r1caltvia1
products, production is loner than before the cooperative was
formed.
17? Training in &bbaical warfare there
are no chemical warfare units In. the B
order Guard Army
--
- - o-e...
... giief to : the
WOWWI
s pat battalion for use in training.pere4ae]. in the
battalion.
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Next 3 Page(s) In Document Denied
Iq
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~' " ?
At about ?? hrs of ILarch 4,1958 infamant together with a N.C. r
(a rank between a Sgt. and a Corpotal) Gjon EARTHI and private ILL -
SHEJTA, went out of the post to the slopes of swmit 281 (435-ZL2)
to lie in ambush until 22.00 hrse This special assigment was ordered
by the agent ? Battalion who had cam that
morning there, because at that place there was a patbvW leedjW
from Greece to Albania.
According to orders of the commander of his platoon inforzant MW
assigned leader of this mission* under the eircmatances# in ordw
to facilitate ' ? // ,
to go .down to a ravine about /? motors :~.
he had heard a noise coming firm that side. After a iftile he cadeg
the Private also to go further down on the other aide so that
OW Z
absolute might have an ..
...
the border line which he crossed fran point (DI h4-22) at about,
21-00 hrs. of March 4, 1958.
r7MU an hour later he arrived at place (DK 449-M8) where he
stopped for a rest.At this mment he heard two shots ccuing frcn
the point he had ran away. He continued his waV again after about
2 hours rest and followed south-east direction leaving to his right .
river DRIN and village N.KATUNA (DK 47-17), and to his left villages
arriving finally in village KTISMATA (DK 48-16) at about 09,00 hrs,,
of March 5,1958-
J had seen the villages he he didn'
in
shfff Eccia"NUED w
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le- ? ' 1 E' OF BATTLE*
a). Armw Corps. of PEMW
Inside the city of PEMOT (exact place unknom) tAem is am AxmW
Corps. headquarters. This Army Corps has 3 Brigades of regular
army ? - stationed unknown).
civilians and ?soldim am at
the opinion that most of the Albanian Areq is stationed In
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MMM. ? ...? ?-1 11:17?
There is an unknown Unit (probably infantry brigade) stationing
in SHKODER (exact place unknown).
In the city of GJIROKASTER f exact place unknown) stations an Infau6W
Probably one of the Battalions of this Brigade stations in DELVM,
Unknown Artillery (probably in x?17 1N
There is an unknown Artillery (probably)Batter7) Unit stationing
in SHEMJIN which is subordinate to the Artiller Regiment of V14W.
1). Education of regular officers.
In TIRLXA there is a school for regular officers called "United
Military ? ? If 11? HOXHA) or
L5V-1RIS officers Academy. To this school go cadets of all but
Border AnV services.
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There are training centars bw reserve ?
The number of reserve N.I..O.s to undergo training is determined
by the command of the Brigade according to its needs.
Training period for Infantr7 ?
School b) Training of qualified personnel.
. . . personnel ELMSM.
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BORDER GUAPJD ARMY.
l.- Order of Battle.
The Albanian Border. AnW is not under the Ministry of National Defemw
Interior there is also the coraaand of the Border Army comwider of
Border Army Lt. General Kadri HALSBIU.
All the Border ArmW Units of the country are directly under the cam-
of rhe Ministr7 of Interior. These am :
W
I) First Border Arny Brigade
TI) 11 it " u
Second
III) Third It 11 if M if KUNW,
?
Besides the above stated units them is another one of CoasW Defenn
stationed in r.
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~yw
29- Order of Battle of the Border Amy Units,
a) Second Border Army Brigdde of SARANDE_
The headquarters of the Sedond Border A=W Brigade are sheltered
since its activation (date unknown) whithin the city of SARANDE,,
in an old house, 2-story, of about l5x7x8 m. dimension, built of
stones and covered with cement plates. This house is located on
the east side of the road which leads from the south part of the
city to BDME, right opposite the = church and about 100 a.
The Units of this Brigade are equipped with :,
- Machine-guns, Soviet make, type%um" m 194o , 7,62, water-coolAd,
number unknown.
p Machine-guns, Soviet make, type 11GCRYUANOV11 M 1943, 7,62 mm. maber
unknown.
- Light machine-guns, ? u DP 'IDBGTVAREV" 7#62 Mae
"the sane as those in page 34 of the booklet ItMATERI&L IN THE HMW
OF OR POSSIBLY AVAILABLE TO THE CC~MTISTS FORCES IN THE FAR FASTK
they are of M 1940. Number unknown.
- Submachine guns(automatic), Soviet make, tYPe PPSH 1941, 7,62 Mm.
Number uhknown.
- Rifles, Soviet make, type 'q%1OSSIN X&GUTT", M 1938, 7,62 mm.
:.'unber unknown.
- Pistols, Soviet make, type"TOK ARETI, M 1933, 7,62 mm.
"um
.. ber unknown.
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III) Transportation me Toe
The tawsportation equipment of the Brigade is
- One sedan car, probably Czechoslovakian makes used bY the OM-
mander of the Brigade and by the chief of staff*
- 3 Jeeps used by the staff officers*
- 10 horses used by the staff officers*
Each Battalion of the Brigade has its own trW'sPOrtStiGn ASame
Iv) strength of the Brigade.
the strength of only the BattaLion
M&jzh is about 44 officers and 340 emlisted men.
the other two Battalionsof the ftdg&& We at
strength V) fraining - Mission of the Brigade.
Nor the Brigade neither its Units have tridni centsmOb9*mft'^1--
border ..-
The mission of the Brigade is to guard sectors of the border 11M
and coastal area, ioe. from the mountainous peninsula of ZRIABURION
up to the simdt of MwKE (DK 553-352) ridge* Two Border auard
Battalions and one Coastal Defense Battalion are assigned fm this
job.
VI) Organization of the Brigade.
- Bonder Guard Battalion stationed in JCRGUGAT
- Location.
The command . HIP
RrpftrT
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IMM
The barracks are located about 150 meters south-cast of the citys
and about 100 meters west of the road leading frcm KAKAVI (DK 453-179)
to GJMOKASTM.
The Battalion is equipped with
14 machine-guns., Siviet makes tYPHeWM M 1910s 7s62 mmo out of
wideh 10 are given to 10 border posts, one to the headquartem
of the Battalion and three in the ammunition depot of the Battalion,
? ?. ?, M 1943, 7j,62 sm. In
the post of KAXAVI.
IR Light machine guns,soviet make., type M DP DESTrVMT, 7,62 MR,
M 1940. iee two in each one of the tAm.posts of the Battalion,
two in the headquarters of the Battalion and about 7 in the ammitUn
depot of the Battalion.
About 200 sub-machine guns, Soviet make$ type FPSH 1941s 7862
in the hands of the man of the Battalion and further 30 in the
depot.
ammmition Rifles (nmber unknown), Soviet make, "MOSSIN X&GANT" M 1938,
7.,62 imme but estimates them to be about 150.
- Machie guns type u 1 14 in all out of which 11 were in the
hands of the men guarting the depot.
Cne machine gun type GOTIYUANOV.
Light machine guns type PP a
22 were in the hands of the men of the *"M d 7
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TIMEM
W
- Riflcs, about 368 in the hands of the men and in the depot.
The rifles which are in the depot o. r
NAUMU M 1891/309 about 100 in all.
not included in those of the Brigade
?.. JEEP*
One truck type GAS MCLOTOV.
Five horses
23 mules, out of which 10 are used by the Battalion and the 131y
the posts# one or two for each post,according to its needs.
Strength of the Battalion.
About h4 officers and 340 enlisted
Training - Mission.
The few priva:bes serving in the head quarters and the MM of the
posts get 2-hours training and political indocrination every der
tho get a 3-hour training in
- Internal daties in the post.
- Control of the area from the observation post.
-rair
- Patrol and aribushes.
- Control of identity cards of inhabitants of the border area*
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Platoon manoeuvres during battle tine.
Use of the rifle and sub-machine gun.
Rank and file*
On Tuesdays and Fridays the deputy commander of the post is giving
2-hour political indocrination lectures and dealing with subjects
such as
- Mission of the Border Army, duties and obligations.
- Works .accoplished by , Albanian - Party activity*
- Relation of the A.C.P. with the C.P. of the Soviet Union*
- Comparison of the Albanian Army with the Armies of other countries.
The Albanian army is far better because it is guided b7 the Soviet
Union and knows the cause he will be fighting for, while the ptbw
Besides the political indocrination, they are also trained how to
keep up with training.
Mission.
The mission of the Battalion with its 10 posts is to guard the bordw
sector from point (DK 406-072) to (DK 553-352).
Organization of the Battalion.
Strength: 22 officers and 3 regular N.C.O.s.
Commander- Chief of Staff : Lt. Col. Qerim GR1IrECI-
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NW=
In charge of this office is operations Officer ft Captain BI Nezhat PUMMM
and his assistant is Lt. Vell VELIAj.
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had a cannon office together vith the camdasar afi the 1--n'-,
was n6t receiving orders from him. He was acting indi .udently.
- Office of the secretary of the Parfar.
Secretary of the local C.P. of the battalion of JORDUCkT was Lte~
organization In charge of the youth ? n was Lt. Vids i .H
with assistant Lt. Haki 11
Code officer was Lt* Nusret PEBESHI . He had no assistant and was workWg
in a private office.
- Signal Office.
Signal officer of the battalion was Lt* Medi MEZANI with assistant the
regular TVSgt. Al 1 w?
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echelon same office with the rear officer.
MILITARY Doctor's Office.
Doctor of the battalion was Lt. Abdul MMSI having as nurse an
Secretariat of the battalione
Secretary was the reserve subaltern officer Sgt* Nuretin BPAU*
Ammunition Depots
In charge of the depot was Lt* Hysen HCDA.
Clothing & foot wear Depot.,
In charge of this office was Lt. Hristo PAPO, with assistant'cLt* 7%4-4
GJGKI,
Admin. Office.
Lt* Qemal QATA was the treasurer of the battalion and was worting :Ln~ ft
telephone barbers, secretaries,
To this platoon belonged men of various Professions# such ass Sbae
Ccunander is : Captain BI ?Q=11 CERCIZI, and his assistant ww Lt* F
who recdntly was assigned to the post of PIQERAS (DK %-30) of the coaxW
defense battalion of HM4RE.
The battalion was using the men of this platoon according to its
needs to the various border posts or else where.
The strength of this platoon is : One officer , one N.C.Oe and 19 Ran*
Organizatio of the platoon is : Sgt. who happens to be secretary of the
6 mule-drivers, 4 day .1of them privates*
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Reserves Platoon of the Battalion (continued). '04011W 2
Fgui.Pment* One Soviet make machine gun, type "KUTL411 M.1910, 7#620M.
guns
Two Soviet make madhing/type t%AXIM111 DP 'IDDGMAREV" 7$62 mm.
Ten sub-machine guns, Soviet make, type FPSH 1941, 7,62 mm.
The platoon commander,be sides his pisto13 also has asub-machine gun*
Eleven ? ? ? : ? aqi
n
20 bands of 250 cartridges each , which makes 5000 cartridges J!pr zacb1no
56~ cartridges for light machien guns.
Box-der posts of the Battalion.
The border posts of the battalion are under its direct orders and
the orders of a Coy.
Their organization varies according to the area they are located.
There are 10 border posts in all, the 11th one was abolished in 1956
was located in place about (DK 432-198).
Location. In place about (DK 509-375) - It is a small house built of Btonev1
and covered with stone plates. (dimensions unknown).
Post of SOPIK (DK 503-378)
Organization & Strength.
?Camander of the post : Lt. (name
Deputy Camriander Lt. (name urRnown).
One corporal who har a nule and is in charge of the transportation of food.,
-1 Ok 1 IT
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One cook
7W light machine gun operators.
And about 28 enlisted men.
Equipment of the pos *
1 type a
2 11 DP I'D-GTYUAREV" light machine guns*
Sub-machine guns, type PPSH M 1941 (=mber unknown).
2 Very pistols carried by the officers.
Hand grenades, type " ?CEMSIVE RG-42, carried by privates and ?
dd, which since August 1957 has been installed into a block-houBe
pyrami
speciaUy built "or this purpose. Its lDcation is (DK 424-252).
men, 25X1
Its strength is ten/i". arc changed every ten days.
Supplies go thcrefrDn the bo-.der post*
-,?urther daily ~~bservantion posts are being installed in places
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by Vic ol the border post, fr,,-,, 5 o'clock in the norning until
Control the sector fron- placce (D1' U2-272) to (M 432-23,o)with Patrols
ambushes, observation posts, and wilit-i a dog which they dispose.
TraLaing.
Telecormiunication.
.Border Post of D, LORI
Location.
It is located in place (DK 4314-2247) which is below and close to villap
RADAT, in a stone-built house covered with stone plates. Approx. dinensime
are 25x6x,5. meters.
-Commander's office and bed room of duty officer of the post*
-J,Iess room.
-Privates? bed room.
arms storing room.
-?oom where the comiander gives his orders to patrols ambushes, etc*
-1ront line annnnuiition depot.
-7ood depot.
-Cook roon.
Emi
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s-imialr construction and dt-acsions, with the exception of that of
Strength of the 12ost.
2 Officers 3 N.C.O.s and 24 privates.
From Januar7 13.,1958 the stfength of this post was re-inforced with.taj4bW
9 privates belonging to the reserves platoon of the battalion and to otbor
border posts.
Organization.
16 Sub-machine guns, type PPSH M.1941, -two of them belonking to the office=.
? _ .?I.
9 Corporals# one of then used as mule or horse driver*
3 Machine gun operators (privdes).
2 Light machine gun operators (privates)
One cook, and 15 privatese
Equipmento
1 Machine gun, type =1.
2 Light machine guns, type DMTYV-IREV.
2 Pistols, type TT '41. 1938s TO-KLREV.
54 Hand rgmnades out of which 27 are DEFMSIV'-P' F-1 and 27 OFFENSIVE RG-42.
Amunition.
5000 machine gun cartridges. - 564 Sub-machine cartridges.
100 sub-machi:ne Zun cartridges and 60 cartridges for each r"IT 444-4-r-
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MFTTMWrMll
Notes To the armament and mmawAtion of this post the armament and MWMO-"J
of the 9 privates se,,,.t there to re~inforce the post must also be
i.e. 5 ? :?? cartridges, ?1 cartrldgw
? OFFRISM and DEENSIVE hand grenades*
Front Line Ammunitions*
3 ammunition chests of 1000 cartridges each. These cartridges as
machine guns, light machine guns and rdfles as well*
Hand grenades, OFENSIVE 4 D==.Ev number unknowns
Day Observation posts4i
postslocated , the first one in place (DK 430-233) in a small
? - covered with tree ? ? ?- ?- these branches ground 111
has been placed. Frcm the window, which 10 has the fom of 46rows
small house, border line can be matched with field $Usftso~
in front of the small house a well camouflaged machine gun nest has boo
? e? out. It ??- 1? -?? the surface ? ground I. there in no
machine gun in it, used only in emergency casesp by the obserwation
Its sti" is 2 men armed with rine and a sub-macHin gun. These tw
leave the border post at 04.30 hrs. in the morning and follow the wW "IM-1-64m
goes ?'. village 1' to PESHKEPZ. As soon as they cross 1
ply.ryrr~.flra?!(?a~[?]^~r?[3^F.l`~?y1~T! ?~5wtirlT~ _ ? :i _ . i _.i":~"~
up the ravine they come across the old Albanian border post "ZOGN frcm vheI
they go up the slope of height 687 (RADATI),opposite the territoz7
Y? ? ? ?? - ?? ? ~_? ?.
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The second day Observation post is located in height 281 (DK 435-w),aM
is of same c,,~nstruction and strength as the previous one, with the only
dUTerence that 11e 2 men are both equipped with binoculars.
The itinerary of going to the observation post and conLig back again is
e sm, e every day. !--. They, follw/ a pata way which goes up to height
291 (DK 425-220) and then down through the valley between the two heighW
291 and 281 and up again to height 231,frcm its west slope.
The change of men is done in the saae hours as/the previous one.
Instructions given to the men of the observation posts
Instructions are given by the duty officer of the border post, and these avs
- Security measures for going and coming to the observation post.
NoisLess installation of the observation post.
No use of light during the installation.
They should not move around in the observation post*
Careful watch,especially of the border area.
MEMMEHM 1-11-T-r-MVITIM Will E7,11 7, -.7 1
After their mission ?v- - ?. ?. to the border ?? 11 give a ? s11
report to the officer in charge of every single movement they had watichad
in the M or Albanian territory.
Patrols.
The border posts do not send out patr-,ls along the border line, but only
in the interior and in the V=Jages under their jurisdictiane
Should there be same,however,sent al3--ig the border line,these must be charaote-
. _ not always 25X1
assigned to go to the same position , but to different ones according to the 5
judL~rent of t2he officer in charge, urith a view to cove~d~ th($!dM distances
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These patrols take all the necessary security measures, chose the right
position which offers a wide field of observation, good cover and cotouflage.
Usually the border post of RADAT was sending out such patrols to position
about (DK 439-225). In exceptional cases 2 patrols were sent out, or probO4 30,
Their strength was 3 men armed with rifles, sub-machineguns and a pair 0~71
binoculars. They were leaving at 05.00 hrs. and coming back at about 19,36-,-
1RADAT to the 25)
=church ~ I1 4L 2-221)until to certain point, and then R j
a wooded area north of the road, they were going to the position p
by the commander of the border post.
postsp stated in the previous paragraph.
Night patrols.
The border post in cuestion sends out ever7 night,frcm 3,9,00 hro, toi--
hrs. night patrols for the control of the area under its jurisdiction,
Their number depends on orders recived from the battalion, and on the aan*o*~,
? presented. ? - patrols are wxt out.
One is sent to about place (DK 420~-220) patrolink along river DRINS
One in place about (DK La4-220) patroling along the border line at about
500 meters far frara it.
One in place about (DK 4-37-225) patroling again along the border line.,but
at about 250 meters distance.
-.me Ln place about (DK 1,30-237) patroling along the border line, also at about
? meters ? 1 it.
25X1
-md the fifth one is mnt to place about (DK 42'~PM a-nd controls the road -
2~
cading from the Mboi-ier to villa vrlrft"OA~
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- vith a view to avoiding their presence to be understood these patrols move
all the time, take all the necessary security pracausions, avoid all sort
of fuss etc* They stop for a while to different points and watch. The SOPSM
of th6ir control is detexmined by the corm-,iander of the border post.
Ambushes.
Three ambushes of 3 men each are set every night from 18.00 hrs. to 22&W~
in positions like (DK 435-212), (DK 437-218), (DK 419-223).
These positions have been deter~ined by the com;%ander of the battalion,mbb
visited the border post in question onjMduuary 13,1958 acccuplanied bCr
Oftcr. some of them are replaced at 01.00 hrs. depending on the circw&La~l
Patrols (continued)
Lhey go frx-, the. borIcr P,.;st at 19.00 hrs. and con, e back again at 01.00 hrs,
were getting into Albania. He further told then that in case thPY see 840101,~t
25X1
one getting into Albania to fire immediately against him, at his feet*
Fram Januar7 13,1958 the commanderof the border
25)
post sets =bushes in the a/n p~,sitions.
Th-oe P men wcre added to the strength of the border post and their cally
duty was to set the =bushes described above.
told then that they should pay special attention to the B./m Positims,
.ke he said, he had information that from those places persons
The commander of the battalion addressing the 9 men assigned to set tbe;-,
? of the officerc of the bordar post.
One of be Li the
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Mere is Sggt. o., (~uty in the b.-rder p,~;st iiio is charge of the change of the
? at 12.00 hrs. until
24.00 hrs.
3 scntries serve in the post at 4-hours shifts for 24 hours.
In the pem.,ariant observation post there are also 2 mcn.
Night observation posts.
From the 2 officerZ of the night-observation post only one staors in the post
for the night . He is replaced by the other the next night.
I-Jhen the officer is not on duty he goes to sleep with his family down in
village MDAT.
One Sgt. on
3 sentrie serve in shift of 4 hours.
Night patrols*
2 men for each one of the 5 night patrols.
3 men for each one of the three ambushes.
border Control of the from place D, 435-204)
See paragraph "raining of the battalion't
Telecorzaiinication.
The border pl~ct ic directly connected by telephone irith the switch-board
c. bottrLlion.
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25:
Location.
It is located in place about 1
and covered with tiles. rimensions are 32x7x5 meters* Adjacent to thin
house there is another small one,in which them is a generator sWplylM
electricity to the borderpost.
Strength.
40 N.C.O.s and enlisted man.
Ctr
panization.
Unable to determine exact equ#ment, but knows that bead thame
or two,type MAXI14,machine guns the border post in question has also
another machine gun, Soviet make, tYPe ?t
M-1943., 7,,62 na,
Observation
Permanent One in place (DK 432-138),with a strength of about 10 men,vho star dOV:
and night in the obsetvation post.
And further two installed between KMVI and MMINT (DK 465-4S8),,GM&4
position unknown, each one having a strength of 4 to 5 men,
ray-Observation Posts.
Trainirg.
See paragraph "Training of Battalionll*
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The b,~rdcr post of K*~AIJT is equipped with a switchboard connecting
the telephones of the observation posts. It has also a telephone cor4teaW
to the switchboard of the battalion and to that of the border post of
:???a? ?? OF KATURE (DK 465-158)
Location.
North and very close to the deserted village KATUNE at place about
(DK 465-158),ir. a stone built house covered with stone plates. Its aPP2,440
dimensions are ZkW meters.
Description of the-house*
? ..
Mess room, about 6x2x3 m.
Bed room for privates, about lOxW m.
A room of about 2x2x3 m. where the commander is giving in-bructdLats td~the patrol and ambushes groups.
Library, about 6x2x3 m.
Ammunition depot, about 6x3x3 m.
Clothing C-- foot wear depot, about 2x2x3 m.
Food depot , about 2x4x3 m.
Flower depot , about 3x2x3 m.
Cook roan , about 6~~,,K3 m.
Bakery, about 25X1
dc--troyed houses of the deserted village KATUNE, a barrack was built
about 30 privates. SECRET
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Border Post of KITIME (continued)
0
Organization.
Commander of the post : Lt. Zuedin MLLARI.
4 Corporals,out of which one is a horde-driver for the only one horse
of the post.
machine gun operators.
2 light machine gun operators*
1 cook.
11 privtes.
XMAX32-Te
2 light machine guns, type 1
16 sub-machine guns,type PPSH 11.1941, out of which 2 are used by the Ofnoft'4404iA
12 rifles, ?- ? I i
26 DE'ENSIVE F-1 and 26 OFFUTSIVE RG-~,2 hand grenades., used by the privates
?
5000 machine gun cartridges.
564 light machine gun cartridges.
100 sub-machinc gi2i cartridges.
60 cartridges for each rifle.
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During built house covered with stone plates. Its dimensions ard,Wx a* 7777~
the _,r them are 2 men post, im this and ? 1_ 1 night 3*
Those of the night go therd at 19.00 hrs. and stay until 03*00 of the
next day, ? . other r- ? _II who .1. =t11 1
Foi- sub-machLne guns there are 3 chests containing 1500 cartridges each*
L chests of 20 hand grenades each. There is another one containing 30
hand grenades iAiich is in the observation post of the border post*
One chest containing About 200 flares.
Permanent Observation Posts.
There are 2 permanent observation posts the strength of which stays them
day and night*
The one is next to pyramid # 33, at place (DK 466-16), In a =all
b chests of 2000 cartridges each:for machine guns,light machine guns and
who again am changed by other Wo who stay until 19.W hm.
Those who stay during the day they are equipped with one pair o b1n;
There is also a telephone connected with the border post.
The men are equipped with rifles and sub-machine guns.
The second is close to pyramid 11F 36, at place (DK 4,73-148), in a maw
stone built house covered with cement plates, of dimensions 2-N2W a..
The strength of this observation ?? during the ?_y is 2 men and
the night. Their tour of service is 24 hours, i.e. at 18.00 hrs. eVer7 datr
2 men go up to re-inforce the strength consisting already of 2 men, md
stay with them unti-1 06.00 hrs. of the next day. Then the first 2 go and
c.ther 2 men come again.
This oberrvati-on post is equipped with a pair of binoculars, a tel:~~
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sub-nachine guns and rifles.
cpenings facing the=territcry and one facir4 the Albanian territory*
Instructions given to the men of this observation post are the sane as
those mentioned f,--r the post of P=AT.
Me machine is installed witkin the c--bscrvation post,which has three
The border post in question does not install d.*-observation
only in exceDtional casea.
Night patrols.
every night to different
? ?
F-7 M- A 1 1 -_1
of the post. Usually they are sent out to control path w-ays,ravines,
cross roadsp natural sources etc. Rough directions of their movementp
01.00 hrs. - Area west of the border post along the KSERJE river, fim
21.00 to 02.00 hrs. - Area of the monastery of PANAIA (DK 472-140),frm
18.00 hrs. to 01.00 hrs. - Area from the monastery of PANATA to south
? ? ? 1500 meters into wooded the area, from 18 *00 to / tC
Ambushes are not set,but only in exceptional cases or when ordered by
the battalion.
Puty officer of the post.
of the pcst must be always there.
7here is a -,t. on duty who takez up from 12.00 to 24-00 hrse
~FPM
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There is no sentry during the day because in front of the village there
- s an observation post which controls the area cf the border post.
There is a duty officer during the night in the border POst,rePlaced
6Y-I'ie other the next night.
There is also a Sgt. in charge of the change of the sentry etc.
There are 3 sentries who guard the post during the night in shifts of 4 hfts
Three Patrols of 2 men each, and one of 3 men. 9 men in all.
Mission.
Control of the border area frcm point (DK 462-165) to (Dx 484-127)*
See paragraph "Traning of Battalionfl,
Telecommunication.
This border post is equipped with switchboard connecting its two observ*"M,-
Posts and also the telephone of the commander.
Telephone communications with the battalion are done through the swit4b-
board of the border post of LLoNGQ.
Location.
Located in place about (rK 1.,72-M), in a small house built of stones
and c,2vered with stone plates.
Strength.
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Commander is : Lt. Nevruz HAS.=I,
Organization unImoun.
Border Post Of LLOI-r-O (continued).
the equipment is the same as that of
the other border posts, with the exception of that of KMVI.
kmmniition.
There is a switbhboard in this post connecting the border posts of SOT332
Type and quantities unknown.
Telecommunication.
The border post of KAKAVI is connected directly with the battaUmo
This border post has two lines, in case one is destroyed by the eneW
the other one might be used to communicate with the battalion.
Located about place (DK 452-084) in a leased 2-story house, built of
Stones and covered with tiles,
111 the border posts have been built by the State, with the exception
of that of SOTIT-RE,
III are of same construction and dimcnsions,.Ath the exception of at
7that
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Of KAKAVI which is larSer and its roof is . covered with European tiles.
-~-~be.r and t5Te of equigqent is also the same in all border posts.,but
at of KAKAVIT which has more machine guns and light machine guns.
The strength is almost the same, with the exception of that of KAKAVI,
TEL MV=KTI-Ling or one or its men
- . has increased its strength and equipment.
Telecorriunicatiom~': Inter-cormunicatiorB of the Battalion.
The Battalion is equipped with a Soviet make (type unknoun) Radio sets,
to camwucate with the Brigade of SARAME.
It is also connected with the Bri4ade directl~y by telephone.
The inter-telecommunications of the Battalion are;
APSAS,in which a sm, all switchboard has been installed# connecting the
border posts of SOPIKE and CATISTE with the Battalion.
? ?.a has also a direct line with the battalion.
Direct line of the post of RADAT with the command of the Battalion*
Direct line of the border post of K~M'71 with the Battalion, and also
a second line through the switchboard of the post ofMOW0.
Telephone line froir the post of YUKAUTI to the post of LLONGO (this
is an extra line of the post of KAKAVI).
.~', line from the co=,and of thc 3attal-Jon to the post of LLONGO,in *Ach
a snnll switchboard has been installed,, connecting the posts of SOTIRE,
r
the bcr.~cr 73sts are c,-~xiriected by telephone. with their observation
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OR31UTIZED POSITIONS OF THE aTTALION.
Besides the barbed wire fenee all around the barracks of the BAtaliaa
there are no other organized positions. The border posts of the Battalions
however, have to certain extent, organized positions.
Border Post of 30PIKE.
At about 25 meters distance an around the house of the post, a metw
and a half deep trench has been digged. Another trench goes from this
round trench as far as 3 meters close to the entrance of the poev
There are no machine gun nests or barbed wire fenses around the post*
positions The sane organized border posts APSAS, ,?E? ? ? and KATLINE.
The post of KATUNE only has three macMne gun nests in front of the
connected with it. They are slightly over the level-~=eF;==
are covered with tree branches.
The post of CATISTE has got a half trench and the other half is su-'-.Ih~
by a stone wall.
The .post of SOTURE, which is sheltered in a private house,is surrounded:
by a stone wall.
The post of KAKAVI has a trench from the side of villageKANAVI, and frM
the side facing the M tarritory, has two rows of sand bags 2 mete"
high.In between the sand bags openings for machine guns and other arms
have been made.
71ine fields in the area of the Battalion.
:1a mines, have been placed in any of the places under the jurisdiction
of the Dattalion or of tic boider ~osts.
there are -.i:Lne fields laid
in the past, in the ? 25X1
Anti-Tank Nine ?
T-i the woDds in the area of the post of KAIUVI,behind
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A.T. "Mine fields in the area of the post of YaWfls (contimued)o
,.TUQIIE (DK 432-198) there is an old alti-tank mine field
This still exists thers,although some of the mines have boan
picked up. The mined area starts from river DR-UT and goes doun south
behind the a/m. old border post. Circulation of civilians has been
has been forbidden in this area by the command of the Battalion* OILV
one path way is free*
Mine field in the area of the post of PESHKEPI*
There is another mine field in the past Omwt'
position unknown), approximately located next to pyramid "23" in ths
slopes of height 1956". At t his phace a man and a woman and their.01"
were killed in 1955o
25X1
Mine field in the areaof the posts of SOPIKE & APSAS*
In 11050-1951 a soldier of the post of APSAS was~~kil I ed fram a mime In
this area, probably on his way to steal raisins from a vine exi3ting
in that area.
M D. 596-358) there is an old
mine field*
25X1
On both sides of the affluent to river SUHE, -which springs from Vw
The code of signals of the border posta of the battalion as well as that
of the &URAEDL brigade to which the battalioi- is subordinate, are thei
same iii all occasions.
It is renewed every three months by the command of the Border Guard -
25)
Service of the manistry of interior.
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-of Signals of the Posts of the Ba
does the three--nDnth period of the renewal of the code starts
and when does it endunlmown. The code of signals during the dV
is the some as that during the night.
Entry of a person from Albania
When the men of a patrol or of an mbushe etc. get hold of a person
escaping from Albania ~~ they inform the border post - about
the arrest, in case they are equipped with a very pistol, by shooting
a green flare and one rifle-shot. In case the men are not equipped
with a very pistolv then the signal is three rifle-shots.
Fmtr7 of a person ~~ into Albania.
In case of an arrest of a person coming into Albania, the
men of the patrol or ambushe, if they have a very pistol, thpy fire a
? flare and ? rifle-shot. And -- don't they 1
they fire two rifle-shots.
? circulating in forbi"en area.
If they get hold of a person mo~ing in the forbidden zone, the border
post is informed by three rifle-shots.
Challenge to those of Albanian patrols etc.
When men of an Albanian patrol or bservation post etc. are being provoked
'th gun
,ri -shotp,insults etc. this event is repor6ed by them
immediately to the border post by three red flares. In case the man of
the patrol etc. are not equipped with very pistols they throvtoward the
Albanian territory two hand grenades.
Note.
Usually the signals are not thrown ftg-ht f
Irom the spot of the arrest,
but approxLriately 200 meters away from it.
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M
,lajor General Teqi MLLONMI, commander of the Border Guard Service of
the ministry of interior, accompanied by his adjutant Lt. (name unkaom)#
? SARAME Brigade, and two Russian 01TIzere
them, the
in uniform; one of in/Border the ministry of interior, and the other,Major, adviser in the second
brigade of SARANDE.. visited on the 6th of December 1957 the c-----
25)
of the Battalion
They all stayed in the ...
of the
Battalion
and then left . border ? ??
of 4 men, i.e. a Sgt. - 11. Corporal _. '? 1 : private Nut .v.
.e asked them if they had arrI complaints in general, and then told thm Vat
the equipment of the border guard arwy will be replaced by latest tM
Soviet make light arnameent much more accurate.
7hey passed the night in this post and the next day, December 7,1957p
they went t~ the border post of '-PSA3 1 40-322). Hem also,Major
had private talk with the officers of the post, a nd later he talked
Mw! fle
privates who were prese# at that moment there, in the presence of tbb
After they arrived in the border post of SOPIKE, Major General Teqi
the s--r-e sneech he made in 9=-.
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The next day, December 8,1957, they went to the border post of
RADAT (DK 432-227), where again the Major General repeated the
same speech. During
to hunting of (wild pig) and wandered up to the border ~
After hunting was over -they went to the head-quarten of tAe Battalla
where all the officers were gathered as well as the camanden of aU
the border posts.
in March 401958, Lt* General Kadri HASBIU,minister of intmOmp ftJor
military advisers, visited again the Battalion. It is believed UU4
they vent there to investigate the conditions under which the mxvdo
of a civilian frcm village LLONGO, by man of the border post existIM
there took place.
Replacement of old equipment.
The border guard anV, unti-I 1954, was equipped with M &==ent.
During the same year it was replaced with Russia.
In April 1957, they started replacing the Russian type "MOSSIN NAQWft
M. 1891/30, 7,62 mm. long barrel rifles, with short barrel rd-nes of
Sam, P type M. 19hil.
Commander of the Battalion.
1257 was transfered probably in SHKODER. He was replaced by Lt. Col*
in the operationn office.
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he above 1-:attall on is staticne,ld witkin the town of .,IS CL (exact
location of the buillding of its head-quarters unknown).
its organization, strength and equipment are almost similar to that of
The mission of this Battalion is to guard sectors of the border area
and of the sea coast fram point (DK 406-072) to point (DK 132-014).
Border Posts under the SARXIME Brigade.
The Brigade has under its direct command 3 to 4 border posts (strengths
organization etc. unknown) along the sea. These posts have under their
Coastal control the area fron point (DK 132-014) to (DK 074-182).
? Battalion stationed in MIAREE 1. 920-422)
It is stationed within the town of HrWU, Exact location and further
details in this connection unknown.
2F
Coy. of Candidate N.C.O.s of the Sk"UME Brizade
This Coy.is stationed in the west end of the port of SARANDE, aboa 2W~xo
the coast road, in two housesi built by the brigade, of stones ans; covered
stone plates. Its dinensions are 20x7x6 m. and 40x7x6 m. consecutively.
Strength of the Coy.
of the Coy. was -
Commander ? r
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Strength ~)f Coy.
11-i in all training 1%C.O.s , i~e. 5 in the first platoon - 5 in the second
platoon- 3 in the third platoon and one secretary of the platoon.
The above mentioned officers do not belong to the strength of the Brigade,
but are assigned to this Coy. directly frcin the command of the Border
Zuard Service of the ministry of interior, (probably from the officers
Academy of TD ;1~ T A).
The training !,.C.O.s belong to the strength of the brigade and are espec
selected for this Coy.
the other candidates varies according to the needs of the Brigade.
For further info. see paragraph "Training of Officers".
Brigade's engineers platoon
This platoon is sheltered in one of the houses of the candidate N.C.Os
Its strength was 2 Lt.s and 23 enlisted men .
Its mission was construction and maintenance of the barracks and border
posts Brigade. 25X1
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? T; ~'
25X1
This regiment belongs to the Albanian regular army and not to the
border giard anV which does not dispose heavy armament and artiUer7o
This training center is located on the north-east part of TEPELE106.1a.
place about ?. 168-616), north of the point confluence DRIN and VIJOSE, close to the bridge connecting the road going frm
TEPE1:2111 to a LDA]
It is sheltered in 6 buildings of stone and covered with tiles which
have been constructed since the Occupation of the countr7*
This is open only once a year for a period of three months only, just~
enough for the training of border guard draftees.
After training is over the draftees
units of the SAIWME Brigade under/
is this training center.
The officers and -who traj-n the draftees
from the unitz of the SARLM brigade , and who
after trainixig is over.
The strengtL Li charge of
is about 12 ren cornwnded
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The above Battalion has 6 training Coy.s.9 each Coy. 4 platoons and each
platoon has 4 sections.
Besides the 6 mentioned Coy.s there is also a Police Coy. In this trainiug
center,qtrained extsively for police duties. Its strength is about 2DO xm
The strength of the Battalion together with Police Coy., during the trainI4~',-
Indipendent Coastal Defense Battalion DURRES, where he waschief of staff.
position11
of 1955 was over* 25X1
ITe went back to his
period from August 26,1955 to December 9,1955 was approximately goo draftem,
CaTaander of the training center, was t
Captain B1 Dervish LOI, He was transfered here frm
elig
1
The vi-11age of PTZ--.-!!J-,l C' J--- divided into two parts, one a 00? meter, "ZOA46r
r on the other. The part ~-'uth-west of the other ig nng nnd is
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TraiiiL-ig Cwitcr of the border Guard Azwj of PRI.-iMJAS (continued)
The trainin-. center is,therefcrejoetted in place about (DL 622-470
which is approximately 400 meters from the first part of the village
and approx. 1000 meters frcn the second.
The training center hhs 4 barracks, two of which are large and cau sheltw
00 men each, and two smaller ones , built ? stones and covered with
tar pape;-, since the time of the I--
It is open once a year for a 3-mPath period like the training coutar
of TEPELENE . E=eptionally the the training center of PZMJAS*duid
1956 and early in 1957 was open for 2 training periods.
During the first regular training period,TAhich lasted from September
1, 1956 to December 1, 1956 the draftees of the class of 1937 Vem
trained, and during the second,-which lasted from December 6, 1956 to
? 6, 1957, border , enlisted men of various classaw,wevioONW,
exempted, 25X1
After training is over the men are assigned exclusively to the units
of the KORGE brigade and to the brigade of KUKES under the camand and
a&rdm. of which is this center respectively.
The officers assigned for the training come frm the brigades of KCRCE
and YUKES. And the N.G.O.s ? KCRCE and
SOME. They come to the training center 15 .days ahead of the arrival
of the draftees, and after training is over they go back to their units*
')urin.~ the 3-nonth trainir-g period the training center of 5
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Headquarters.
Commander of the battalion
?E c
was Captain At Pertev to a Major*
Party office officer : (usually a Captain At) Captain A) Qico QAF=*
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Training office officer: (usually a !Kajoror a Captain At)
The strength of the battalion during the training period (December 6*JM',;
Training Coy.s.
The battalion MA 5 Coy-s of a bigger strength than those of the T.
of TEPELENE. Each Coy. had 5 platoons of h sections each.
command The pursue army is under the border of the w of the
iinistry of interior, under the direct command of which are also its
1he nen of these units are exclusively selected from the trainin center
of the b,,:,rd cr aanV., of T:~LZITE. In 1955 about 200 men were selectedAmd mho
had the smc traLiing a,~ that of the men of the border guard battaliono
tl--.ere is no ol-her such unit in the whole country.
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It is btationed about 300 meters wcst of the town of TEPEMIE in two
barrackq made of stones and local bricks and covered with tiles.
Organizabion of the Battalion.
in all
Mission.
Pursue of paratroopers, a.-ents, saboteurs etc.
Arrest or extermination of agents saboteurs active within the country.
of guerrilla groups , defaulters etc*
Fxtinguish big fires(this battalion helped to put out the big fire in
the oil wells of PATOS).
Pursue and arrest of persons entering from border countries into Albaniao
In 1956 commander of this battalion was a one-armed Major (nane un)mova).
During war time no such units exist.
lst Border Army Brigade KORCE
2nd it 11 SARANDE
It it 11 Ko'.1'ISPCL
E?
71
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..-very year between the 20th and 25th of August draftees for the border
army from all the parts of Albania present themselves in the only training
centers ? TEPELENE and PITM.JAS. Only in 1957 they were presented in .-
lst of August.
units of the border army.
Those trained in the T.center of TEPELENE are exclusively assigned to
the brigade of SARAIME. And those trained in the T.C. of PMUNIAS to
the brigades of KORCE and KUKES.
As soon as the draftees present themselves to the trainin centers
they first take a bath, and ? on their uniforms,
week later they start training in
Rank and file,
Exercises-without armament,
? ? arms.
Then starts the regular training,which 8 hours per day and progrm of
which is issued every 15 days. On Sundays they rest or clean their
Other subJects taught to the draftees are: Exercises with and with
armament, dismantel and assemble as well as learning the names of the
various parts of the equipment,such as rifles, machine guns , light MachJ
guns, sub-machine guns and hand grehades. How to use a compass and deteraim,
direction. Camouflage. How to act when assigned ta the border service -
there is a special booUet titled "Border Service Training BookletO which
is considered to be I'Tp Secret" and vhich deals with rules and regulations
of border anr.y men, sentry duties, observation posts, patrols and how to
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7rainin,-, of enlisted nen (continued)
se of hand grc-
-hooting exercises, with rifle, s,,fo-machine gun and light machine gun.
Political .Lidocrination (every .V for 2 hours).
':~nall scale manoeuvres with the participation of sections,platoons and
Coy.s
Defense measures asainst atomic and - ch-emical warfare. 25}
out of the 6 Coy.s of the training center of t
Ta-ELEZIE the 5 fif them carry rifles and the 6th machine guns. These we
trained with type TUXEC411 machine guns
and am then assigned as machine
gun operators in the border post of the S0,ME brigade.
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Training of Pursue Army men.
The enlisted men of the pursue avv7 undergo the same training as that
of the bcrder army men.
Training of privateo supposed to be assij;ned to the Police force.
These men are trained together with the border army and pursue army man
in the training center of TE=22,E . After 2 months training in the various
Coy.s of the center, folici-ring a personal order of the ministry of .
thcj form the 7th Coy. of the tainin.g center and are trained for further me
morth in Police d-aties only. After this is over they are assigned as poUce-
b~-I~idcs thc 5- Coy.E of rifle-men and one Coy.
n, ach.-ne-~xn men, xnother Coy, f,~r tae training of mortar operators SECRET
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Training of border axmy regular officers.
In the city of TIRAM there is a border ainy school called "Officers
Academy" of the linistry of Interior., TIRLM
on the needs of the Border Guard Amy.
Students _ register to school this every two years. Preference ia given
to privates who have served or ~ serving as privates, reserve or regulari
N.C.O.s in the border army.
Candidate students should have the following quW=cations:
- Be graduates of "Unike" a-year school.
- Be members of the party, or children of members of the party.
- Be children of persons awarded for party activity
- Ccme from a fanily uhose members have a background of party or partizaA activ,
- Be children of muti-lated in the guerrilla warfare.
- Those who have shown good conduct during their service in the border arW.
have
First are selected those who all the above qualifications, then cme thaae
partly who are ? e? and then the n=ber is completed ? II the other
candidates.
The duration of studies is 2 years. The vei-y good students graduate -with the
rank of a Lt. and the others with the rank of a Second Lt. of the border army.
hey arc as~-*~;ncd to Vhc bor-er guard units, and others to the reconnaissance
or c~).mtcr-mco-in--4~zaiic- Lu-ilts of battalions and brigades. The later ones,
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?
Thci~-e is a trainin.- school for reserve :L-1 every brigade,which
One of these schools is that of the 3Z'U,!MZ brigade',
, and it is located within the city of SLILUDE, about 300 meters
north of the conmand of the brigade , and 500 meters from the sea in the;
It consists of two buildings covered with stone plates.
by the brigade in the recent years.
This school is organized into a Coy. as follows:
Commander of the Coy. : Captain BI Vasil CIKA.
Traini-rig officer Captain B1 Ibrahim HnHA.
Secretariat of the Coy.
lst Platoon of Border Unit candidate 1-C%O.s
ThIs has 4 sections, usually of 10 men each.
'Resides the above strength it has also 5 training ?
1~ ch.'ef of sections and one assistant platoon corLmander.
The ctrc-l.~-th and o anizat-Lon Of this is the same as that of the lst Plabome
3rd Platoon of Candidate of nachire gun (HAM) 92erators.
The --trc.-,,tJa of ' ,h~, c is m:ialler than +-he that of the two previous ones.
?
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not exceed lOi-~ men. T his school- s open once a year, I
from January lot
Candidate NX.O.s are selected by the brigade,accortUJig to its
needs, fron the trairr-n.c- center of TEPM=E, after each training period.
They should have thc followilng qualifications
- Relatively good education.
- Good training.
- intelligence and widerstandin&.
- 3ood health condition and well built.
embers or so-is of members of Iie Party havinE7Aie above q iff a ons ~are
After the period of education to this school,which is about 8 months,is ova ,,
the candidate N.C.O.s are sent .back to the T.C. of E? a
training, and 10 days later they are named, according to Ite grade
in school, Corporals, Sgt.s or I.I/Sgt.s, and are immediately assigned to the
border guard Coy.s and to L;oy.s or macnine gun operators as ZFEMMM~~
of the training center. After thar job is finished here they go to the
command of the brigade which assignes them to its various battalions,
The teachin-- staff c-' the school in question is composed of officers, who
arc always the same for each period, with the except-on of those
wh,D happcn to be transfcred of course, and of ".C.O.s, who are replaced
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T
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The draftees of the barder army, 10 days before they are recruited, they
pass an examination begore a cm-aittee. This committee is composed of one
doctor, two representatives of the party, one officer of the branch of
internal affairs, one officer of the recruiting service of the borderarmyo.
This committee is usually established in the recruiting office of each Rreth
10 days before the recruitment. The examination of recruits is finished in
~ne day. They first pass a physical examination (health conditionwdght j,
height etc.), then their biographic data is exaTtined, i.e. if they or their
parents are menbero of -the party, if they have relatives abroad, if they have
served the narti, Ln some way or other, etc. and further other questions are
'Results,whether the-, are fit 3r unfit fOr serv-icc because of health, or family
ctc. are a:-L..--~-,.ced the saie day, and the necessary postponement is
?
resent themselves.to
the recruitLn.; office of t2ic Rreth and are picked .by an officer of the 255
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imcre the,,- put on their unifonns.
the nu-.,bcr of rccruito each class of the border army
c an give, from, the 25 men of the class of 1936 presented
in the recruiting office of the ireth of L-;;',%! (GM 88-26) all were considered
fit for service.
,raftees are recruited when they are 19, and are called up,for the border
guard army, usually or, the 25th of Au-ust, where the tour of service is
36 months. The same tour of scrvice is PI so for the N.C.O.s of all serv ic"j,
as well as for the drivers, while for infantry men is only 24 months.
To-day in Albania the classes of 1936 - 1937 - and 1938 are serving in the
All officers,lo,,,, and top ranking, exercise a big authority on the Albanian
enlisted men. This authority,however, is not due to dicipline and faith on
the part of the soldiers, or to ihat is being said to them by the officers$
? going 25X1
disobedience. Should a war bra#--& out only the
..icn belon.-in.~ to the pa-rky will follow their officers with faith and enthusiasms
-hc -,Drc-':~ of ti-ic, '.lbanicai a-,n,,- in gencral is very low, mainly. because of
ulle llfc 1-iv'-'I the very poor food etc..They are tired og
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in the border army political indocrL-ation lectures are given twice a weiek,
.7 militai-y speakers specially trained f,)r this lob.
,ubjecta dealt with L-, such lectures are : About the army, the party, the
enemies,the allies, friendzhip and reallationt3 with Soviet Russia etc.
Membership in the Youth Organization of the border army is not ccnPulsoz7o
and recently showed no interest, considering, that ~, or 5 privates of the
border post of PAD-IT (DK 432-297)
not members of the organization.
cry border post has its own youth organization. "'.eetingsof the organization
arc held once a month, and sub.1ccts of lectures dealt with are : Purpose and
service of Vqe b.)rder arny in general- etc.
Speaker in the bor6cr post of RADAT is private Abdi CRII, and speaker in
the battalion is S.-t. Vangel Z--,4C---.
)nthly fee is 2 Lek, and evex-.r meriber is prDvided with a membership card
which distinguishes hLzi from a and idlich he -,ught use after being
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L'Lor-~is of border amy officers.
A jacket and a pair of trousers , dark khaki color of Russian cloth.,
i s the winter unifoin. "the S-,mner unifo_,r is the same but of light
khaki color.
They also have an official waiform, for parades etc. of same color, but
with long trousers, stmiale to those of the ~officers, becaus 6 they
don' t wear top boots with this u.,Afom,
green band around.
use top boAs.
',?or foot wear the-
Uniforms of border axriv enlisted men.
Winter. Trousers and a jacket closed up to the neck.
The cloth used for uniformas is no more Russian, since about a year an
Albanian made black cloth is used.
Some priavtes of the old classes still wear the old uniforms,which is
cf Russian made dark khaki col3r, like that of the officers.
9,x,u-ier.,I,ocal made -of light khaki color s_`.dlar to that of the officers*
The sam.e uniform is worn when on duty and on leave.
- also have shower rroof for can. )uflage which hhs the color of the
ground and o- v Illow leaves.
url - idntcr time the border ax-ny privates wcar over their uniforms
Ln_
a-icthcb u~.)ifnrn ,:,,hich is fIIIe6 ir-th cotton, to keep themselves warm
-~Tiey uce rablocr tof~ boAs-, to avoid noise, viien they set =bushes.
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and along the trousers. And a green band around the hat.
Rank insignia of border arrly men.
Corporal : Perpardicular white band on the epaulet
Sgt. 2 perpand-icular white bands
,../Sgt.: One larger pcrpandicular whitc band on the epaulete
-7 have a -reen snall piece of cloth of a
quadrilateral forn, on the lapel of thie jackets, and agreen rib around
the epaulets and along the trousers.
The ? insignia
Second Lts One star on a narrow -rcen strip horizontally placed on the golden,
one perpandicular to the first, in the forn of the letter 'IT".
epaulet.
Lt. : The saiiie as that of the Second Lt., but with 2 stars*
Captain BL : The sane as the above, but with 3 stars in the fom of a
-Ith 3 stars in the form of a triangle*
?rigadie . All gold era-Li-et.
triangle.
Captain At : The saric as the above, but urith 4 star
2 green narrow ctr4ps and oilc star.
Maj or.
that of the officcrz.
.-I b-at
the
-at i, p 9.
Lt. ~cicra-, b -itfiFftRFtar,,; al,.)i& the 19
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posts 221 the top rarki--,- of the ~'banian ar-iy,-:rom the rank of
Clothing and foot wcar items Z;i=. recruitment.
2 pair of ifirm-ers.
I jacket, 1 pair of trousers and 1 top coat., all second hand,used in training.
2- rair of boots.
2 belts.
1 rug-sack.
Blankets, 4. Sheets,2.
I hat.
2 pieces of cloth used for socks.
1 water flask, 1 aluni-num plate ans 1 spoon.
After trainin7 is over the jacket, trousers and top coat are replaced
with new ones, dur:Lng the vinter. A pair of top boots and a winter head
cover is alsc giver, to then..
-..'hen they are asL-i,-ncd tc the border rubber . boots and
Falar~- of borLur enlisted men )rd officers.
Private. 1~0 Lek T~e-' month.
GQtporal.
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Located appr3ximatcly 15C) meters _,,Dut~-cast of village JORGUCAT, and about
150 meters west of the road leading from KAKAVI (DY 453-179) to GJIROKASM*~
The barracks were built during the occupation.
T- Z T_,I_LLAT !0113.
?
About .. same constructljix~i~d
Aktare
dimensions as # 2, used as food and amminition depot. At about 80/distaWm
foot wear depot and library.
and is divided into 3 coiapartments : enlisted ments dormitory, clothing and
Right at the entrance of the caT of the barracks there is a building of :1
lOx5x3 meters, -which is the kitchen and mess of the battalion.About 30 metw*
south of this # 1 buildixg there is building # 2. vhich is of 15x7x6 xetq;*j
north-cast of # 3 is building 4~ 4 of lOx7x3 meters, divided into 5 c
cells, and a place where the generator producing electricity for aU the
used respectively as officers donnitory, mess, duty officer's office.,,4
A-11 the above described buildL,-.gs are stone buildings and covered with stone
lodgings fou the families of the officers.
in U.S.A., of lOx6.q5 meters, us
barracks is installed. About 30 meters south of building # 4 there is a bov*
.'-t about 300 ncters froia building Z' 6 to the east, is the animal shed, which
whitewashed in t1he outziLe. Here are the offices of the command of the ba
Of, 6 of 1C,.K7x7 meters, made of stones and covered with Ltropean
East of building ' 3 at about 100 meters distance there is a 2-story hdIdIng
~_atss the o of the batt-1121on meat food
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At bibout 1C meters north-west of # 7
is the equipment of the signal battalione
SOuth-west Of building # 1, at about 20 meters distance, are the zmujj-n5
of a building destroyed during the ? p
ation.
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The main entrance to the barracks is on the north side of the caqp,
covered with local tiles and of about 12x6x4 m. dinensions. In this buildirlm~
who are also changed every 2 hours.
Furthcr three men patrol every night around the barracks,which are i
lighted until 10 o'clock ji-i the night.
4ectricity and water supply.
The other 5 main buildings are guarded only during the
communicating with buildings # 7 and 8'which are outside the camp.
usually go out through this gate.
Security of the Barracks.
Buildings #- 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 are surrounded with barbed wire fence.
-3 sentry Privates guard, dsv-aqd'.'nigI*, the headquarters of tbe,
They are changed every 2 hours .
The barracks arc lighted by electricity produced by a genarator inst,&Uad
in building And water is supplied by a fountain built in the cent;er
of the cmr-The water is conducted to this fountain frcm a nearby mountaft
,name unllaioim) ini Ti pipes. During SixTiner, however, that this fountain is
dry, watcr L7 zu-priicd to the barracks withwater tanks from village
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HI\
There are 7-assian officers in all units, from regiment and up, of the
Arr,lr. The rank ? these officers ? . 1. to Col.
In each regiment and brigade there is alwaws a Russian officerp and maV ~t
more than one in the latter. Number of Russian officers in the Divisianal,
Army Corps unknown.
progress done in the Army, and handle the mil-itwy budget.
Their relations with the Albanian officers wre only official,and
1
not fraternize with them.
The cmmuzdst enlisted men like the Rus-ian olpficerA[Ull.
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Me mission of these officers is to control and direct trainin , match *9%
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':no attitudc of Vie Allomniz-, eny.thizri~; but friendly
rdsfort-,Lae, es,
pcei,111y (~a?rLng t1he recent ye=s, is clue to a
years,
Tec'mical Advisers soiit by satellite countries in Albania.
All the technical personnel of the "ST.'-LE"I Textile Factory in r
consists of -,~)ccinlists, and only the work.ers are AIM-1ANS.
TI advi"rs in the hydroelectric plant
herc are also -1uzsian technical
,illich is under con--truction next to river BISTRIC in DZV]2iE.
Russian tecanicians; and engineers are also Li the oil wells of O.
-99),nariy of whon bum.cd during the big fire in this oil well, in
(OK 85
CHAPTER 5.
President is :'-nvcr 1713--lil, who also is occretan, general of the A.C.P.
It Go
77
40
ff-la-0 0' the Arry General ARIT
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LDAI
",,urrwa of the Party) .
,Te ~--ioim the above from personal observation a:id frmi 'various discussions
he had with friciids.
2.- Administrative Division of Albania.
changed About niddle of Fobr--,--,~- !,'.q5,pm announcapant was published in the paper
into RRETH 11"=71 i POP'-ILLIT" saying that the --bovc W~~ s were -1 717=7
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school not yet fjnidW-j~Univrcrsikl,
other engineers schools.
P) ','.he court of Judging aU- sort of cases.
b)i*i& court of juFtice of TEILU, judgii-Ig all cases, and those much
Cannot be judged the court of the R7,:M s
w;th the Litcrr.al and external securitw of the State.
The Albmiian population believes that there is no equaUty of justice.
Descrimina-tion is done to the nembers of the Party.
nen are 'Jud.-ed, for mall thefts etc., by their pfficers add
punished by the Unit,they belong to. For nore serious cases,homver,
the-., are forwarded to the court-martinl.
b.- MIUCATIM.
in Albania there ?ublic schools, Unike (7-year school), Gymnasiums#
M-0
school) and up the study of the Russian language
bacic aducatLDnal the students- undergo
UrC
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thoorltlticaUy ffree~I~ti_s forbidden.,however,for Party membem to go
1 90
the church. a pqrahaogW
pressure is exerci ed upon the population to an extent that only old .1
are Catholics. Me exercise of religiouo &Uw I-,s
5.- RELIGION.
The APPrOximatelf'141,000 inhabitants of the area of SUMER,
There is a Cat,,olic
se,it to Russia for further studies.
follcyly-ing 4-year Public Schools&
H,-'. 71SHT iTith about, 100 students.
,ig SmdaVs consisted of old men and women orxly,,
~t villagers to wori- in the cooperative during Smxlm",
-no of the reasons cooperative-vms organized in the
_dL
14 the con,-ME;atfon increases considerably.
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and chief of cooperatAve.
a;Id agitator of the Youth
?
ME
Pricct ',Lo 6fficiates in this village of~-icjates
also Li 2-T-7isF-. ~
rears a flu has spreed out through the wh6le of
311Y in the area of SHIMER, i.here the population
Ir. ..To deaths are reported.
The State has taken no measures,whatsocver, against thiss flu,
'MI'171SHT (DM 15-58). 25
~Bk, civil servant and chief of ct
,k BIM., 11 11 11 accountant "
it it it brigadier n
Hark j
Gac La
Nue De
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~ chairman of the Peoplets Council of the village, bema"!
lkie Party refu d membership to the cooperative of
There is a Youth Organization in village BLINISHT, membership to ihich
is compulsory from the age of 14 to 26. Since ARgust, 1955,410mvers
membership no Iwmgger compulsory, and state cannot if the number
of members has dec7.eased since then.
The Wor.ant s Org i rioris not active at all. The members ver7 rarely S6
to the meetings. " ? bership is voluntary and it starts - ? the ?.u cr.
chief of the fwn
25
ti a:
lic was appocirted to that position because of her educa4V-
25:
Al
bays is 10 Lek and for the girls 2 Lek.
Lectures were gi i tc the boys and girls regarding woric done in co
methods to izq,)ro production etc.
4 p
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, f- to crcate the inpression to the people that
md all other cff:;rts of the Party are aining at the
vropaZzuida is being pursued by the Party through the
prcpaganda refers also to the relations of Albania
-is vc::~, low becaurr- :)f the economic rmksery.
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f r-, for party nembers and especlally for those who
liaw locon active Li some way or other for the party, it.en zarious
In the court of j ~cticc viien copm-iudst numbers are accused the judge
is doing everythi4ig possible to declare Um noit guilty.
all Restrictions izk the novement of the populati
The diLliditants o-f vi 1_1 aCes near the border area are free to move
21~ hou--s a day. Those of villages trithin the border area am allowed
t--, nove around only fron sxi rilse to sun set.
b) Permits for iroipencnt.
? border 111
letter
? those near the border area with the letter "BOO
the
'he,- have to make an application
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the r~
arr- al- to the, vill aZe. he asked to g
.7 ahoirLg o.-,771 tl~cjr
or In zono 11!,11 s'llo-ald n' zo a special r.crn,2.t, and for this they
'ac C V.0
.1- zone IID?t to V-111-ages Outside zcnes IT" 4E IIAII, no
cide the above nontioned two zones and wishing to visit
cs I,,)catcd .r-;thLi zone "All or IIBII they have first to
Le's council of thiir village and verif~r the reasons
to gr--ntc the permt.
Ls ~;rantcd the aplUicant,bcfore moving to the V1114ge,
he must firot go to the Dorder Guard Battalim of
-ons of the border posts and how these are kept.
rc,-i2atfons am hangmd on the wall of each border
ri TT 1 3,
2 t- Vic other, to the control of
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6ZW~W._~~
~~r'-:ctco -o to the arca of zone "--I' when nccesai-j .9 as
Pcoplols Cowic-21 ~or the Local C.P. has doubts about him
~3caxx:~h ili the bol~__Cr poots.
is suspected. Ot-1
,T-1d 200 neters tf) the right. It is a ,
flarco.
to that of SOPIKE (DK 503-378) and to probable escape passes, special
nsisting of a metal pipe
sm haw been installed, co.
~-obable pass ways of each post, an top of mhich a ver7
zncd rjnnLnG 200 ncters; to the left side of the pipe
the border posts for the control of thkir Permits
if the post thinks it is necessary, or if the PGrSM
erwise there is no rule for seamhes.
.7 Security measures*,
-ion of
About Decenber 11:57, in the zone for uhich the Border Batta3
25X1'
and on toj~ of dlidi them Is
SECRET
it is a riet,,3- T)i)c of about ono ncter long, 3 or 3~,,- cm. in diameter,
and o-,cn 1-r. --ts )oti ends. A fclT centLrictcrs over the end,the pipe
11 __
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This metal pi- 1~
to the ? 4udga-ient of the porriander
!~Cscrij)tion of the pi t.- ue
cf the post, in probable paz, ways. ,Ind accDrd-Lig to the nature of the
d it is ctickod about 15-20 meters right or left of the pass way.
in nlaced into it, in a Tmay that the end with the steel needle an it
stands a little bit out of the hole. Then the metal pipe is fijwd over
U-is base, taking special care that the part of the pipe with the secuti
needle poppLng out of the cutting &omes to the top. And finaI3,v the two
thin wires are fastened on both sides of the security needle, and the
polie etc. These i-dres stand about 80 to 90 centimeters over the lewl
of the ground. -kfter this is al I over the flare is put into the pipe
Tapported by 'the security needle.
'low the 7echanism Operates
"When one of the wires is pressed or pulled in some way or other it
dr,-%m t-A-Tard its direction the security needle, which thus turning
eleases the i td - through the ring falls down the pipe
and expl ode s -.Then the car, ofthe flare strikes aCai:nist the steel needle.
The flare blows up tc 300 rieters thus signalizing the ent,-V or ec-cit
Df -- ne-"son fron that p6i:nt to the border post.
cuch nechanisnc are also being installed bV
?
mss'
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nechanisns sent to the Battalion of JORWCAT are for locating wd
sigillizing the crosoing of -- person fra-, the border line. They are
of Czechoslovakiazi makc,and look lLke radio sets. In the front part
of these sets there is a bell, a bulb and I a panel, and on top of the
set there are two small red aerials.
Thesg6ets operate as follows: Ver7 fine wires are fastened to the two
the set turns on a suitch and a number appears on the panel determining tbe!
point where the person touched the wire.
?
Farly in Januax7 1958, Lt. 'Vedi IZZANI of the Signal office of the
battalion gathered all the commanders of the border posts and twght
~Ien a person comes into contact with one of these wires, inw.diately
the be3 1 of the set rings and the red bulb is ghted, The man opersUng
them how the set was operating.
shortly all the border posts of the battalim
as Well as the/border guard battallons will be equiaDd with,such sets,
25X1
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25X
25)
25:
-ef
Nuc, "IL,
is CZd*
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M
all the 2.15 f a-dlies have got thcir own lands.
The nunber of strem-As per family is from 3 uP to 90.
Chief crops am : 7121cat , corn , veZ;ctables. 11.1unber of cultivated si
r~
pei- crop .un1mcnmo Average -wheat production per stremma is :0
in good weather conditions this often goes up to 150 oka Corn is
about 100 olka per strer=a.
150 sheep.
60 cows.
6 donkeys.
30 horses.
3-- Cooperative.
In village BLDTISFT cooperative was imposed in 1956j, and to-day 3/4 of
a ps-,rchologic pressure is exercised up6n the
population.
The state ir, its cfforts for an increased and better production disposes
chem.cal fertilizers , tractors etc. 'Den. --te these effortd,however, produa*A-
114
ir lower V= it us-~-d to bc bc-fore cooperative Was imposed.
-.:;-.fortunatcl-, dcca:T La silos or depots irithout being distributed to
UA
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i
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The Works for the installation. of the hydroelectric plant of IUTJ
were over late in December 1957, and it started opcrating since that
t:Llne. The output of this hydroelecttic pant is est:Imated to 20000 Watt*
CHAPT'ER 9.
7JA
Info. on Tovm, and Vil I ages.
Since 1~1,,7 or 11048 thi:~ villlaZe hac been divided into 2 parts, the one
Tts inabitants are r-AL-atcd to about ~fOO, all Catholic, and its houses
tr, about 1-10 - 11-5. -..-atcr i,- sqD-~Ilicd to the villaGe by artesian wellsv
b) 713-1-age ~1-37)
?
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-,TAP TER 10.
l.- The recruits of the bordcr arTZr during their traLaing period in the
Training Center, thc~r are also tva:,:~ied in Che;aical warfare,
Subjects taught about chemical 'War are very limited. A general knowt,
and ways of protection from the chanical war is given.
2.- There are no -pccial Chemical i-Tar centdrs or units in the bordZ,
r
for 'Whe t-ainin.'- of off#Aers and privates of the battalion. Training
officer waz a-,)-po:L-,Lted Lt. 'Vell BM-1, assistant to *the operations offficer
of the battalion, but ullo had never received any special training in
25X
ouestion
.. front
aut have buttU41111111 the
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t- t1hat in page 21~4 of the booklet mentioned abovep with
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c) One noln.al size -air of anti-mustard gas gloves.
d) One pair of anti-nustard gas boots.
HE&
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