1. INFORMATION ON DONSKOY, PODOLSK, AND KLIN 2. TELECOMMUNICATIONS IN MOSCOW

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A045200740001-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 29
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 23, 2010
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: October 31, 1958
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title
18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
COUNTRY USSR (Moscow Obl
ast) REPORT
SUBJECT 1. Information on Donskoy, Podolsk, DATE DISTR. 31 October 1958
and. K1 in
2. Telecommunications in Moscow NO. PAGES
REFERENCES
DATE OF
INFO.
PLACE &
DATE ACQ.
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Attachment 1 is a report on the village of Donskoy and, includes
information on location, population, occupations, transportation and highway
facilities, public security, military units and organizations, social con-
ditions, personalities, and a sketch of the village with ten locations.
Attachment 2 is a report on the city of Podolsk and contains information on
location, general description, rivers and bridges, transportation facilities,
industry, medical facilities, security, and. a reduced overlay of the city
with 4+2 locations.
STATE X IARMY g NAVY
l si
I (Note: Washington distribution indicated by "X", Field distribution by "#".)
ZAVAWAMMIKI
?
AEC
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oljv a,wC4.
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Attachment 3 is a report on telecommunications in.Moscow and. includes
information on employees andequipment in the main telegraph. office, the
telephone system, and radio stations;which augment the telegraph system.`
Attachment 4 is a report on the city-of..l,in and includes information on
location, population, occupations, military airfield., factories, buildings,
electric power, television programs, transportation facilities, food prices,
principal agricultural products, daily, newspaper :Sickle and Hammer, practice
of religion, and a.sketch of the.city wwith sixteen locations.
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1. Donskoy !iv 53-58, E 38-19) is a small village in the Stalinogorskiy rayon,
Moskovskaya oblast. It is situated on a large plain about 240 kilometers
south of Moscow and about three or four kilometers from the village of
Stalinogorsk (N 54-05, E 38-14);-plans were in the making to annex Donskoy
to Stalinogorsk.. In 1956 Donskoy bad a population of about 2,000, including
people from all the Soviet republics. The main occupation was coal mining
and most of the townspeople worked in-the coal mines which occupied an
area extending from Doonskoy to Uzlovaya (N 53-58, E 38-10). Plans were in
progress to open and explore new mines located north of Stalinogorsk, be-
tween..the latter city and Tula (N 54-12, E 37-36). No prison labor was
employed. There were no industrial or commercial centers, no military
depots, and no factories or workshops in the village. In the area were
numerous kolkhozy producing mainly grain and vegetables.
the numbering
began at the point nearest to the center of the village, with even numbers
on the right and odd numbers on the left. The streets were seven to eight
meters wide, some were asphalted and some had sidewalks. The buildings were
mostly one or two-story brick-structures, with a few of frame construction.
There were no universities, technical institutes or churches. The town had
one 30-bed hospital, a cinema, a fire station and a police station. (A11
the foregoing are indicated in the legend for
6 sketch of
the village of Donskoy on page . ) The village no streetcars, trolley
buses or autobuses. There were no gas pipelines. Electricity was avail-
public fountains. There were no radio or television stations in Donskoy
in 1956, but a television antenna wa=? le.ng erected near Stalinogorsk
which would service Donskoy.
Transportation facilities
There were no harbor facilities, airfields or airports in Donskoy. The
nearest civilian airport was in Stalinogorsk., but it was of minor importance
both from the standpoint of traffic. and equipment. A Soviet--broad-gauge
railroad line served as the only communications link between the coal
mines in Donskoy and Stalinogorsk., and two passenger trains which traveled
this route daily were generally used by mine workers. From other mines
(not otherwise described or located) single track sidings led to Uzlovaya.
The Donskoy railroad station was small, without any warehouses or wcrk{-
shops. Buses were the main mode of transportation between Donskoy, Kimovsk
(N 53-51, E 38-42), and Moscow; the bus service was interrupted during
the winter due to snow.- A newly-completed five kilometer long stretch
of road led from Donskoy to the Stalinogorsk-Skopin(Skopin N 53-50, E
39-32) highway; the latter, categorized as a republic road, was a nine
meter wide, asphalt-surfaced highway with one-meter wide shoulders.
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Newly-constructed highway facilities
4. Under process of construction was a 28-kilometer long stretch of road which
would connect with some as yet unopened coal,mines in the area; the new road
joined the highway leading southward from Tula at the point where the 20-
kilometer marker was placed. A railroad line paralleling the new highway
was also under construction and, reportedly, would serve as the connecting
link between Tula and the afore mentioned new mines.
the railroad bad been laid.
Public security
5?
in December 1956 only two kilometers of
A militia unit, which occupied quarters in an old one-story frame building
(No. 1 on sketch), consisted of about eight to ten men whose duty was to
supervise traffic and maintain law and order in the village. Some of the
militia wore civilian clothes. The fire station (No. 6 on sketch) was
equipped with tank trucks and fire hoses. There were no first-aid stations,
air raid shelters, Red Cross or Red Crescent organizations. Sometime in
1956, pamphlets containing instructions for protection against atomic
attack were distributed among the employees "at all work, centers.
Military units and organizations
6.
there were no military units or military headquarters in Donskoy
However, the
Dosarm and DOS_MF organizations were established in Donskoy and held meet-
ings in the building which housed the cinema and club (No. 2 on sketch);
Dos arm and DOSAAF members received instruction in target
shooting and parachute Jumping from army and airforce officers.
on fixed dates soldiers were transported to the airfield in Stalinogorsk
where they enplaned and made parachute jumps'over a large level area southG-
west of Donskoy.
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Social conditions
7?
no epidemics or endemic diseases. There were no locally
published newspapers. Since there were no churches, there were no religious
observances, although occasionally some of the populace attended church
services in an unnamed neighboring villa e.
or partisan activities. The inhabitants generally adopted an indifferent
attitude toward the regime, the Party, and the public security services.
Evidences of ;seontent were manifest, but people dared not complain ex-
cept to trusted friends; after Stalin's -death, however, there was a gra-
dually diminishing fear of reprisals for criticism of government officials.
8.
Soviet personalities
following prominent Soviets in Donskoy:
Yakima (fnu) First secretary of the CP in Donskoy.
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 Danilov Illarioh (sic) Gerasitaovich:
the chief engineer for Highway Construction Delegation
No. 3, which was incharge of building roads in the Donskoy
(fnu): A
Donskoy.
German who worked as an engineer in
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Legend for
sketch of the village of Donskoy
1.
Police station
2.
Cinema and club
3.
Gorsovet (town hall)
4.
Building' housing the Gorispolkom
(town executive committee) and the
Raysovet.
Telephone exchange., telegraph office., and post office.
6.
' Fire station
Hospital
B.
Park.
9.
Railroad station
10.
Office of Highway Construction Delegation No. 3.
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yr ? I v j
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P. L-
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CITY OF PODOLSK
Location
I. Podolsk., (N 55-26, E 37-31+), situated on the Pakhra River, Podolsk .y:.-rayon,
Moskovskaya oblast, was primarily an industrial city with some outlying farm
districts. The city was approximately 4+0 kilometers south of Moscow,
General Description
2. Living conditions were good. Food, clothing and other necessities as well
as luxury items were in sufficient supply. The religion was Orthodox but
the one church in Podolsk. was used mostly only for funeral services. One
institute and one technical school were located on Rabochaya ulitsa, one
of the principal streets in the city. There were no hydroelectric stations
in or near Podolsk. The city had one electric power station (see reduced
overlay on page 6 ) which obtained its electric power from Kasbira, 75
kilometers south of Podolsk.
River and Bridges
3. The river bed of the Pakhra at Podolsk was rocky. A dam was constructed
just east of the railroad bridge, which held back sufficient water for
boating and water skiing and also served as a pedestrian crossing. On
the west side of the railroad river-bridge, the water was low enough for
wading. The river was spanned by two guarded bridges, one an eight-meter-
wide highway bridge, the other a double-decker railroad bridge with double
tracks on each level.
Transportation
4+. Transportation facilities were described as follows: Two double track rail-
road lines led from Moscow to Podolsk. and beyond. The railroad station was
in the middle of the city, and the railroad yard was located on the west
side of the station. The principal streets were Rabochaya ulitsa and Prospekt
Kaganovich. A main highway from Moscow divided south of Podolsk.; one branch
led to Serpukhov,.and the other to Maloyaroslavets. Several airfields were
located near Podolsk, but the one north of the river along the railroad lines
was primarily used by civilians who were interested in flying and who belonged
to the DOSAAF.
Industry
5. The principal industrial area was located south of the river and west of the
railroad station. Most factories and living quarters were of cement construc-
tion with wooden floors and roofs. There were two cable manufacturing plants
in Podolsk. one a roximately in the geographical 25X1
area (N 55-25, E 37-35 It was a very large plant
which was constructed in 1956.
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Medical Information
6. The following were the Podolsk hospitals: Polyclinic for the general public;
a children's hospital; a hospital for the military (Gospital) and one tuber-
culosis sanatorium in the city park. The Polyclinic was estimated
to be about 50 meters from the highway. the hospital was
clean and sanitary,. and the service was excellent
IAll the factories had
their own clinics and some employed more than one doctor, depending on the
size of the factory. The largest plant in Podolsk was the Kalinin Plant,
which according to rumor manufacturued arms and optical equipment, had a
large clinic y re several doctors were employed. In the cement factory
as a clinic which employed one doctor and a nurse.
A small sanatorium or rest home for convalescents was also owned by the
factory. The flu was one of the most frequent diseases, and it occurred
with the first of the cold season. Shots for typhoid and typhus were given
to factory personnel every year. During 19+8 to 1956 there were no'epidemics
in Podolsk..
Security
7. The chemical plant in Podolsk was the only installation where a strict
security was maintained, and only Russians whose backgrounds were unques-
tionable were employed, and then only after a thorough background investi-
gation.
The workers' activities were restricted to the glace in which they worked.
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NOFORN/CONTINUED CONTROL
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Le end to reduce' Overlay of the City of Podolsk.
0167 - 9969 - 4 - 25 M
0167 - 9969 - 1 - 25 M
1. Military Airfield
2. Unknown point.
3. Brick. factory
4. Brick factory
5. , Civil Airfield
6. Ceramic plant
7. ..Clement plaint
8. Cement plant (new)
9. Quarry
10. Railroad bridge guard post (15-20 soldiers)
11. Dam and foot bridge
12. Planted area small trees
13. Foot and cart bridge
14+. Bank. of river used as beach
15. Small village
16. snail village
17. Pakhra River
18. City Park area
18a. Tuberculosis sanatorium
19. Gasoline and oil storage and dump
20. Railroad station
21. Quarry
22. Electric power plant
23. Lumber yard
211. City baking plant
25. Wheat and rice warehouse
26. Railroad yard
27. Technical school (Industrial)
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28. Kalinin Factory clinic
29. Kalinin Factory (formerly Singer Zavod)
30. Unloading yards.
31. Abattoir
32. Chemical Plant
33? Steam Plant (also produced ashes for cement plant)
34. New large cable plant
35? Old cable plant
36. Textile Factory
37. Battery Plant
38. Military Hospital
39? Children's Hospital
40. Church
41. Polyclinic hospital
42. Military Airfield
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Reduced 1:2.75
Overlay. to City of Podolsk
0167-9969-4-25 M, Podolsk (7950)
0167-9969-1-25 M. Podolsk (7950)
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P two - , . -
1. All telecommunications services, other than military, were subordinate to
the Ministry of Communications which was located in a six-story building
in the area of Gorkovskaya ulitsa, Vashinskeya ulitsa, and ulitsa Ogaryrrva.
The main telegraph office, a telephone exchange, and a branch post office
were located in the same building.
The Telegraph Office
2. The main telegraph office, which employed an estimated 8000 people; occupied
part of the fourth and the entire fifth floors of the above-mentioned
building; also on the premises were two repair shops and a shop which manu-
factured spare parts for telegraphic equipment. The equipment consisted
of an unknown number of teletype machines and some band-operated and auto-
matic Morse and Baudot apparatus. The teletypes included machines of
Siemens and Lorenz manufacture, some of American-make (the T-15 and the
T-19 automatic), and a Soviet-make called the S.T. 35. (Tend-operated
Morse keys were used in telegraph centers with little traffic and Baudot
equipment for inter-USSR long distance communications.) The new equip-
ment was efficient and the old was kept in good repair by skilled per-
sonnel who worked in the repair shops. Stores of spare parts were kept
in the repair;Sbbps but certain items were always on band in the communi-
cations centers!so that new parts could be substituted for defective items.
amplifiers (relay devices) were used on some commmini-
cations channels but could not elaborate further. Electric generators, for
charging batteries and for use in event of emergency, had been installed
in the basement of the building where the telegraph office was located.
International Communications
3?
Entrance to the section which handled international ecrosunications traffic
was restricted to employees of said section
non-employees needed a special permit from the Minist of
Interior or some other ministry in order to enter this section.
~scmme of the traffic was monitored. Double transmission channels were
provided for cabled communications and, in case both failed, the message
was re-routed even though additional electric power was needed.
Teleco?unication is used extensively in the USSR in lieu of postal service
and the traffic therefore is heavy, especially in Moscow; despite this,
the ccemminications networks functioned efficiently and well. It was a
rule that all messages had be at their destinations within two hours. The
last Five Year Plan called for modernization and automation of all first
category telegraph centers and modernization of 25 percent of the remaining
networks
Radio Broadcasting Stations
In some parts of the Soviet Union, because of heavy communications traffic
or line maintenance difficulties, radio broadcasting stations augmented
the telegraph system.
lone called Silikatnaya, located on .I{Ymorosbp koye sboase.
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2. ~ estimated
population of Klin
0,000, mostly Russians
The chief occupa~ions were agriculture and inthi tr;/'.
,.1 'A.C
Klin is located about 80 kilometers N.W. of Moscow, M0scow Oblast,
E
rayon Klin, geographical coordinates 56 2: -N , 36 45
air field about 40 kilometers fron Klin in the direction of
Kalinin. It is located to the right side of the leningraid railroad.
jet aircraft take off and land on a military
4,
a so called military highway
Kiin railroad station.
passed the
it went to Moscow
whose service and rank1"nsignia were of a black color.
but not passing through the city. Normal civilian traffic used
this highway in both directions as far as the Klin rai'4road.
station but it was used exclusively by
the military beyond that point. It was begun in 1955 by peronnel
of the corps of engineers who were brought fnotr ukB:,.f tom'.aAied
unifidntified point. These contruction crewswore military uniforms
the contruction was completed quickly because he
did not see these crews around very long. This was a reinforced
D
concrete highway half a meter thick and about 6 meters wide.
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an important plant located to the Southwest
of the city of Kin. 1this plant was close
tFo the railroad line which connects Klin with Vysockovskiy,
and in the vicinity of the railroad station, three kilometers
from the edge of the woods. This plant made lastings and lathe
parts. A number of its employees lived in Ylin
6. A plant making glass alaratus was located on she Republika ulitsa.
7. Most of the buildings in Klin were made of concrete and brick
and were between 5 and 7 stories high, built after World War II.
There were a number of one-story wooden buildings also.'
Important buildings are identified in sketch attached to this
report.
8. Electric power used in Klin was 220 volts ACa
9. Television programs for Klin were telecats from Moscow between
1900 and 2400. The reception was good.
10. The average street in Klin is black-topped and about 4 meters wide
with a side-walk one meter wide on each side. The widest street
i.s the Lenina ulitsa, also black-topped and about 8 meters wide.
This street was formerly the Leningrad highway. The new Moscow-
Leningrad highway ( black-topped ) passed through the city of
Klin. This highway, considered the most important one passing
through this city , la 15 meters wide with sidewalks 2 meters wide
on each side. It crosses an important steel bridge prior to
entering the town.
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11. A double rac electric railroad R ected Klin with Moscow.
The railroad statio
was located
about 3 kilometers from the city. This electric train crossed the
river Sestra over a steel bridge to the south of the city.
12.
food and consumer goods were abundant and of
good quality. Prices remained constant during the latter part of
his. stay in this city. The prices of some of the items on the
market were as follows:
Potatoes, .25 rubles per kilogram
Vodka 40.40 ribles per liter
Veal, 16 rubles per kilogram
Butter, 30 rubles per kilogram.
13. The principal agricultural products of this region were
potatoes, cabbage and wheat.
14. There was a daily newspaper called Sickle and Hammer in
Klin which covered the news of that particular locality.
15. A considerable number of elderl eo le o'
y p p practice their religion.
The young people appear to be indifferent.
16. The bus service between Klin and Moscow begansat 0900 and ran
every hour until 1930.
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Legend to attached sketch
1. Cultural center with its legitimate theater and mvie theater
2. Grocery and dry-goods store,
3. Railroad station
4. Glass plant.
5. Military Pvst
6. Chaikovski museum
7. Football field
8. Recreation park
9. Wooden bridge
10. Wooden bridge
11. Reinforced concrete bridge
12. Steel bridge
13. Steel bridge
14. Church
15. Military highway
16. OweAfeeQOomomobomike0 Bvtdgeooo bridge over railroad.
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Pq
H
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S U'_t' JQ i Kr `'4. O r ~T_i ' 'i j}~6T1:G a t~~ :/~G[1 ' QJ _ :: ,'? q lli - Af s 4'< A: Klin is located in the skovskaya Oblast coordinates 56 21 N,
1 11 and 36 45 E.
B. The plant was known as the laboratory A aratus Plant
This plant manufactured 25X1
glass laboratory aparatus of various kinds such as graduated
beakers, coiled glass-tube condensers, evaporators, glass flasks
for serums, containers for hypodermic needles, hypodermic syringes,
syringes for artificial insemmination, and pill bottles. They
also manufactured sediment bulbs for gasoline engines, automobile
headlight -g-ias.s and toys. This plant was under the jurisdiction
of the ministry of Machine and Instruments Building.
( numbers of paragraphs refer to installations on attached sketch )
1.c~,.The glass working building was a rectangular brick and concrete
structure approximately 200 x 70 meters without basements and
built on two levels. About three quatters of the building was
four-story and the remainder was a one story, single-bay
structure about 10 meters high.
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The four-story building was illuminated by windows and had a ga
atedl roof covered with a composition tile which was reinforced with
steel rods. The one-story portion of the building was made of sheet
metal and illuminated by windows set in brick casings. The gable
roof of this one story building was covered with tarred paper.
b. The glass foundry and its related equipment was located on the
ground floor of this building. Besides the foundry, there were
glass-working shops which made a number of articles such as
graduated beakers, chemical containers, glass stills for laboratories,
automobile headlight lenses and sediment bowls for internal
combustion engines. The administrative section of the plant together
with the director's office were also located on this floor. The
equipment in the foundry consisted of three glass smelting furnaces
and some glass working equipment.
c. The glass blowing shops were located on the second floor of this
building. Here they made glass coils for condensers, glass containerg,
for hypodermic needles, flasks for serums, syringes and toys.
d. The shop on the third floor put a kind of a frosting on glass
equipment which made them translucent and also modified and adjusted
complicated aparatus. The work in this shop was done mostly by hand
and the only equipment in this shop were 10 or 12 mold holders.
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3.
e. T"e shop on the fourth floor made small glass containers an
tubes such as those used for pills, blood samples and other
similar uses. The equipment in this shops consisted of some 25X1
German glass working machines and three ordinary lathes which
made spare parts for the plant.
2. One-story brick and concrete building without a basement,
with a flat-tiled roof, measuring about 30 x 20 x 5 meters
and utilized for storage, packing and shipping .
this building was fire-proof.
3. One-story brick and concrete building about 70 x 60 x 5 meters
without a teller and with a gable roof covered with tar-coated
25X1
reinforced tiles, believed to be fire-proof.
It was used as the central heating plant and also for generating
a combustible gas which was used to fire the glass furnaces.
The eq1ipment consisted of two new Soviet boilers with
capacities of six metric tons per hour. This activity worked
three shifts with two men on each shift plus the boiler room
chief.
4. Glass foundry smoke stack made of brick with an elevation of
about 40 meters.
5. Shack where workers identifications were checked.
6. The raw materials used by this plant were silicon sand, caustic
soda, coal, and lumber fXr the packing crates.
7. The power used by this plant came from Moscow through a line
entering the plant from the West. the power25X1
supply was adequate and there were no power failures during the
time that he was employed in the plant.
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them from a motor-pool nearby which was called Avtokolonnia .
M st of these trucks were of 5 ton capacity. All raw materials
and finished products were transported by truck.
9. a. The plant worked 3 eight hour shifts with a total of 46 hours
per week. New workers at the plant were allowed 12 days of
vacation per year plus national holidays. Workers with three
or more years of service were allowed 14 days plus national
holidays and workers with hazardous jobs were allowed 24 days
of vacation each year plus national holidays.
8. The plant did not have its own fleet of trucks but would requisition
b. the following information on wages for 4: stockers
at the plant:
The chief in charge of the activity received 2000 rubles per month
1st category stokers received between 1300 and 1400 rubles per
month.
2nd category workers received between 900 and 1000 rubles per
month.
10.
six people made up the security guard of
the plant with two guards on each shift. These guards were women
or employees with some physical defect. They were armed with
pistols. Each worker should his identification badge upon
entering and upon leaving the plant. There were no resistricted
areas and workers were allowed to go anywhere in the plant.
following key personnel:
Plant Director
Chief engineer
Purchasing agent
Chief of adm' nistration
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Production control chi
Shop foreman
Communist Party secretary
Labor Union secretary
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I
Legend to attached sketch
1. Glass working plant
2. Storage and packing department
3. Boiler plant
4. Glass furnace smoke stack
5. Entrance to plant ground and shakk in which identifications
were checked.
6. Power line.
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I a military airfield located about 40 kilometers from
Klin, in the direction of Kalinin. Both the Leningrad
railroad and Leningrad high,-;ay passed the field. The
field was located to the right of the railroad. -Prom the
train. jet aircraft could be seen taking--off and l_.nding.
3. There were no machine-tool plants in the city or in the
;
n?-+ ~lri r1 t ~ - SLC! ,i Sr.
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SECRET
4a. The plant rodu ed the following glass products
( all the products bore the plant's trade-mark,
glass retorts
:.graduated beakers
coiled glass tubes
evaporators
ampoules
for laboratories:
K.Z.I.P.)
25X1
b. It also produced the following miscellaneous products:
automobile head-light lenses
glass sediment bowls(for internal combustion
engines )
syringes for artificial insemination of animals
containers for hypodermic needles
pill flasks
toys
(b) Pant did not employ German technicians.
6. Trucks were used to transport the finshed products. Plant
had no rail connections.
the trucks too~the products to a railroad center for shipment
by rail.
7.
there were no machine-to
plants in the city or in its outskirts.
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