PLANT VIRUS DEPARTMENT, INSTITUTE OF VIROLOGY, YELLOWS-TYPE VIRUSES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A024800300001-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 6
• Document Creation Date: December 27, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 31, 2014
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: December 30, 1963
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2014/03/31 : CIA-RDP80T00246A024800300001-3
R
50X1 -HUM
Next 1 Page(s) In Document Denied
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2014/03/31 : CIA-RDP80T00246A024800300001-3
Declassified .3 13'1' '71 ?
in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2014/03/3 .
? CIA-RDP80T00246A024800300001-3
a uor...a4Uux spout ? mitoroo6eutaionzec, corpy.a.auttecrao c licx0Topbala ccrc
atzonepubaut: st) cestegtonWtecsavan cranann=. Orm: coattcrayer rL-n=.
ToDua swami Ickapon, rnannum o6pnaost n prconoAcroc linnalec=zust PzZar.--at
c nopycanomsecscoil setearaxolt cayuarrena.1 ecrocraeuttaro ctragyafarta rraccp??
arra2 KOIRCUCK01"0, BpaTUOTaatil la T. U. ? ? "
lipofinemarsoca avipycon Tr= atearyx, nepckaaneastax tnnouncasut, u3rUluaCe.
U npononataer sortsalcst no anon= natioparopastx tICCP. Tax Rag a narateunee?
Optua itaertruusse tem.: U =pats's, pesulestste 8 oTneniktbes yitpeacammiccoi ana-.
turreamolt creams ottpenentuntcs is o6oco6amtra, Orneneinte pacrstren?m.xx mt-
pycon Bupyconoragecatoro ttnerirryra 4CAH, ite npept.maa C moot aoirrairra,
sic-
nocpexcyueirno c moat Re atrrpyauntraer. aro, ruauraaa ot5paaom:4:1>irromrronont-
geotoe orne.nemse Bitonorugeotoro inic-rirryra xICAH, lIpara, Ilccaenonarem.canit
intertrryr pacrirrenattoll apoaytontit tICACICH, lipara-Pyatann., .71a6oparoptin =-
numb: pacresaal, tICAOCH, Hamm as ,Ilystar- i .
) ? F7* ? ..? ,
? - ?
,ty ,
?' is I11. 7111Ct 1 1:-
? .** ? 4.. 4 f.j
?:: Deparstment of/plant viruses'? $ .1 ? r
.? ; .$
; ; ?
??"
'
Research on plant viruses has been started since the foundation of the Institute
of Virology; at first in a separate laboratory. The laboratory grew gradually and gave
rise to an independent department of plant viruses, which has now 10 workers under
the leadership .of Dr. V.' Valenta.
Systematic experimental work could be fully developed only after the construc-
tion of suitable greenhouses in 1956.
' After a short transitional period, the department concentrated its 'attention on
the investigation of the stolbur virus and related leafhopper-transtnitted viruses, the
complex of problems being at present defined as the biology of yellows-type plant
viruses.
: ? ?
On account of practical requirements and the .impossibility of carrying out
systematic experimental work in greenhouses, the majority of research was done
during the first years in the field. Above all, the distribution of yellows-type disezsea
in Slovakia was studied, mainly symptomatologically, on.various wild and cultivated
plants, along with the epiphytociology of stolbur which was treated from the point
of view of Pavlovskii's teaching about the natural-focus character of the transmissive
infections (1, 2, 7, 8, 9, 23, 25). It was found in agreement with the results obr...ined
In other laboratories that yellows-type diseases occur practically all over SlovaLia.
Parallelly *with investigating the incidence of disease in plants a survey of tha
distribution of vectors was carried out, at first mainly of the leafhopper Iiyalcs:t.v
299 ?
'SO
..????? ,
in Darf - Aniti7ed CODV Approved for Release 2014/03/31 CIA-RDP80T00246A024800300001-3
Declassified in Part - Sanitized CopyApproved for Release 2014/03/31 : CIA-RDP80T00246A024800300001-3
44- k. P..??,r.o.'%?? ? '?-?;? 4:?;.? ? ju.r ? OA,* T.t AY-CM...4' ?
obsolessa Sign. Its biology and morphology of developmental instars with reference
to the poseilaility of a chemical control of teonaur ten also studied (1,6, 1i4). How: ---,
. it becarneevident very soon that this species carnot be =possible forsltc cacurra-asa
of yellows all over the area under examination and therefore attention w= gradu:ily
turned to the entire leafhopper fauna occurring in natural foci of yellows-type die=
(4, 5, 15, 17, 18, 26, 23). Some leafhopper species were examined for their ability
to transmit yellows-type viruses. It was poesihle to confirm earlier data on the ability
of the leafhopper Ii.obsolana to transmit the stolbur virus (10, 11) and to eleme
more exactly the relationship to the yellows-type viruses occurring in Czechoslossl!da
of the species ?Aploodsr bicinerus, .Macrostela taavis and Euscelis pleb4us, meanwhile
reported as vectors -of:yellows-type viruses elsewhere in Europe. It was found that
these leafhoppers art capable of transmitting both the stolbur and clover phyllosly
viruses (19,27). . ? P 4. ? ? '1 a ? . - -
Field observations have been verified in the laboratory. Main attention was paid
to the exact diagnosis of etiological agents of yellows-type diseases occurring in Cze-
choslovakia with respect to their differentiation. At the same time, the problem of
host range of the viruses found was dealt with. The results obtained so far can be
summarized in that the following viruses occur in the area under investigation:
the stolbur virus in a whole range of strains of Wari0U3 virulence (3, 10, 11, 13, 22,
27, 32); the newly described metastolbur and parastolbur viruses (33); the clover
phyllody virus; and the potato witches' broom virus in three somewhat different
types (9, 21, 24).
In the course of searching for differentiation criteria for the individual viruses
also the problem of their thermal inactivation in vivo was studied (31). Also in con-
nection with the solution of the problem of differential diagnostics of yellows-type
viruses, a rather extensive collection of these viruses has been established in the
department. Several tens of strains of different viruses are represented there, above
all from Czechoslovakia, but also from the U.S.S.R., Rumania, Bulgaria, Austria,
German Federal Republic, Holland and Canada, so that It represents probably the
most complete collection of yellows-type viruses in Europe. While investigating this
material, one of the viruses obtained from the Soviet Union was recognized as new
and described as the Crimean yellows virus (20).
: The possibility of comparing viruses of different origin incited research on the
hitherto controversial problem of their mutual relationship on the basis of mutual
interference between these viruses (29, 30). The results obtained led to the hypothesis
of a gradient of mutual interaction between yellows viruses which could reflect thar
mutual relationship (30).
, -if,
? Among the further problems concerning yellows viruses, anatomical and bio-
chemical changes. in plants infected with the stolbur, and Czechoslovak potato
wham' broom viruses have been investigated; known data of the literature have
been confirmed and ItICW results on the effectuf these infections on root formation
obeeined.(34).,,,a;:is.al ? ; ?? ...
V60
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2614/03/31 : CIA-RbP80T00246A024600300001-3
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2014/03/31 : CIA-RDP80T00246A024800300001-3
160-41...riP441.4 .0'i:04es* 4,s ^ .e.???*??:, . ? t
A
? . ?
? In addition to the yellows viruses also, other viruses were investigated 07-,/-
ciely during the first period of existence of the department, such as the tone-
crosis (12, Id), COMMOtt cucumber txt.1 tobeecx? moesie viruses, as well se Cz
virus 2 and 3, which were used as modes for the. development of some methe-.1.-; and
simultaneously served as material for other laborathries of the institute (physico-
chemical and electron micxottcopy, which see). .
In future, the department of plant viruses expects to proceed with the r=cerch
on yellows-type viruses with a main emphasis on the bask properties of th,e viruses,
which are still known very little and. on investigating more precisely the pathoge=is
of yellows-type infections as well as the virus-vector relationships.
? As far as the contact with practice is concerned, the department has cooperated
recently with promising results with several breeding and seed-selecting stations. It
also assists In the training of new workers, especially by advising in dissertations on
virological problems, prepared at the Faculty of Natural Sciences of the Komenstl
University in Bratislava etc. , .
? The complex of yellows-type, leafhopper-borne viruses has been dealt with in
several Czechoslovak institutions. As the partial assignments solved at these individ-
ual laboratories have been rather narrowed recently, the department of plant viruses
of the Institute of Virology does not cooperate directly with these institutions but is
in contact with them. The following laboratories should be mentioned at this point:
..Department of phytopathology, Institute of Biology of the Czee.hoslovrit Acad-
emy if. Sciences in Prague (which see); Research Institute for Plant Production
of the Czechoslovak Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Prague-RuzynE; Labor-
atoryfor plant protection of the Slovak branch of the Czechoslovak Academy of Agri-
cultural .Sciences in Ivinks-On-Danube.
? ? ?
,Sts6Auospa.Oua ? .
Bibliography';.
? - ?
? t
'
?
11. Valente, V. (1953): Poshdhsby b bionorhii,