ECONOMIC SURVEY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80S01540R001100020004-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 148
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 14, 2012
• Sequence Number: 4
• Publication Date: April 29, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14 CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
rav RAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
SEMM
McUWY otrowAUON
COUNTRY Czechoslovakia
SUBJECT Economic Survey
DATE OF INFO.
NOV 5 1953
TLts Doo~m~.at.oatstas tat~rae.ttoa s$ueiUp t . Na
tlooM D.t o.o .t ta. IIWM4 $ $ss, wtttlla tl1. m.s
Mg .t TWO 18.88.tl.as7 3sadIN.otgl.O.i CIsgs.M
oi..a4oa. n. tr4aavwaa o. rwttal of
to or t.e.tps ss sa uasutbmI.e4 psn.t r MMIM1.4
by law. The r produotloa of this tioi is vembe tls4.
DATE DIMTL
NO, OF PAGES
REQUIREMENT
PLACE ACQUIRED
50X1-HUM
29 4pr- !W3
50X1-HUM
1 .i.r.y ., ry iaw
50X1-HUM
I i--- " Aic OCII 7c
tM o1r-a.t1.~ 1sw.st4 M "x", N.M OMr~.N.s a W*, V.) 0 50X1-H U M
; ? . A21u,e,. i
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
1W 8t IVAWAUQN* IN TMI= IPORT AM ONINITIV[.
VW AV WAX OF tANNNT 1S TI NTATSYR.
50X1-HUMt
economic surrey, covering the population resources, industry, 11
agriculture, foreign trade, financial policy, and living standard of Ca.
Slovakia as well as some related aspects of ho
based on overt materials
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80S01540R001100020004-9
JaMMIT 12th, 1953,
CZECROSLCWAKIA
E C O N O M I C S U R Y R?
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80S01540R001100020004-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
1
I P'1g81rAM ? ?
II POPULATXot, RESOURCE ?
U-M .
? Diatributicn
Recruit- t for Industry
Labor Tom! ? 10
Abeenteeisa 15
17
III I~lDBTRy ? . . . . . . . . . .
6ooia1llatiC4'1 0 c ? ? ? ? ? ? . 19
ps'oduetion . ~tiosn~lsrniest i`
Proauetivit
Production opooitied ? 7
fuel A Power ib
awinewin
e ioe2 inttns ? try ? Sts
to" r Indus try ? ? . . . . . . . ? ? ? . ? ? ? ? ? ?
p1
roc.Sing industry . ? . ? ?7
other industry 0 68
IV at3R
LAMM ICUTA' ; dip: ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? .
Rabin ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? . . ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 70 s~~astion . . . . . . . . . . ' ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 73
ion ..... ?. ? 73
~
animal etablo Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ? ? ? . 94
Production . . . . . . . . .
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? . ? y;
V PORLIO17 TRADE ? . . . . . . . . . . 96
s .100
? ? ? ? ? ? 100
Trade C6Rtersnae . ? ? ? ?
ercign trade ?? by countries . ? ? ? 103
VII LIT IM 27 AMAK,
Earnings ? ? .
PanaioMs . ? .
Coat of Living
InterAS1 Trade
? ? . ? ? ? ? ? a ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? . ? . ? 11"1
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? a ? ? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ?
it 4
BOMB ASPECTS 01P PSYMOLOGIC.AL *ARFARI, . . . . . . ? ? ? ? ? ? r 1)5
I
ItE~C ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14 : CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
TABLE OF CUNT /giant./
Tables, wWwrtst and map
page
TADIiE; 1
^rea}ue1ova;c pn ilttten -? by employment . .
. .
. 9
2
Iadieer of 1ndt>mtrial produatten,1946-5;1. .
. .
26
3
Goal produat lan ?- b b"in . . . . . . . .
. .
31
4
5
(2 1 pproduction 127-1'9s:c ? ? ? ? ? ? , ?
P
t
? ?
34
i
ro3,us pr'oduetlall*1944.. qc ? . . . ? .
? ?
4
1
P ef" tiCUMI of trcw oa'e, pig iron*aM steel .
. ?
51
?
stee1 produation rurope . . . . . . . . . .
. .
53
Cotstruct.c~ns15'-I91: . . . . . . . . . .
. .
65
4
1t.
Distributit or a"ieu1tura2 1aTld ]930 ..
1 uz ho14? le
f th
c
. .
74
1
o
e s9eial1 se
tor . . .
. .
74
1
T raetors b1nQ+ss numben . . . . . . .
. .
81
'
"'x -*e- fra .zw prc}dwtior.. . .
34
1
j
Peed gmiDs . . . . . . . .. ? . .
.
09
14
ru r boats and ftwt suar,praductiaa . . ?
. .
9
15
' -t and bvttsr I-- To !:
~ aaRpost. . .
'
..
4
94
IU
17
f
oraign trade a mum value . . . ? . . ? .
"
"
'
. ?
97
Ce. Of 1
Ierstts~
!
t~~I!?92-IflK . ?
? ?
12?
LI;
rood ratio s,19% . ?
.
129
CfiAPT I y
Industrl*1 prsdust ats~tosily 16+46-+tii53 ? .
V
. .
26
1
YLI
Cttal pro iuctinc
.-/.. ,j5k ? . . ? . . . . .
'
? ?
35
rY
Pr
oduutia4 of iron oro,pid iraa,am steel ?
I ece or land holdizs of the socialised
t
? .
52
V
9 ? . ? ? ? ?
ut
rDzOh or th
t
t
l
. .
~'j
e
o
a
ft "
~ trade . .
?
90
"'
pia oaal?bositur in C"2avsa . . ? ?
? ?
30
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
Vacation law
_142-
Turkey
foreign trade
steel tiara ~9 13'3' 114
Thiifors Agricultural Colsperat1V,esl9ff.
established
eembersh1p 76
organ satiou 73
Un1ted Kingdom 77ff.
foreign aroductiou 46
steel prOduotion 124w].15
Ubited States 54
so'
re Ol~- aotire population 10
UJWA isn trade 125-12.6
Uranium ore 19
exports 57
111
16
Wages aN "mings
Water power
mot see arains_br.id grains 43
t
Wholesaleptrade
127
wo'wn
133
emplaneate
11
light indnatry
9n,11
leeraiteant for industry
11 12
WOrk-brigades
1261f.
ooal-muss
heavy industry
14 9 32 ! 37
Work discipline
14
World Dank
27
Youth
20
recrultment for industry
12,13
Z=anetlih Coal yines
39
55
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14 :CIA-RDP80S01540R001100020004-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
C$oehoslawak periodiea1 pro" 1912
Prague broadeaate
Refvee ryaorta? Ootobrt 19,51 - lky 1952
Caaehos loe+ak otiei*1 pa1leatioma ?
flospoddi'skS vasst p udavyeh dreokraelI
Prove" of Pe3ple *s Psracies ',"rague 1950
Nord oi' antaseo ndbom a p o practr-nj y
/sew Osgaatsation of Recrultawat .1. Care of ?=kersI 1952
' "-lw sp snbet P-Mlt hoapodd!`styt
/Per Kathoda of Feonomtc gerrsnt' by ~.. o]ans ? 1951
Stdtut roapedet taetlbo roku pitil q- '
/State, Bdget of the :`hind raw of the Five=tssr~-?lan/
by Jaros3aV lCabed* 1951
1401
1951ob Ziod FBER /f oviet Foreign Trade./ by L.r'rey,
? A
rague
Odbor btj a betc3cnr+ t soe:a3,iamti / rado Union Mava-
saat an Peelalist Canatraotieeanfflb1 ?.Z4potoek$f 1950
Reports of Klswast tiettsald and Jarowir Do3.anskl to the
Central Committee of the Cae,iat Party of Csaehoslovakia,
I WLIMary 2291951
Reports an Cssebooles~tlAa /prb1iji k * by the National C?a aittse
for a Pros iurope,Nww Y *1ssu se 1951 and 1952
A World 1ve"ity of of lpnbl* by
1~eeals Yesrbeok 1930
metal d tatistIe. 1951 /pob,e by aprioen Metal Market/
The InternatLaaal I try Yearbook 1948
Yearbook of load and * .tssf1949 /uhitad ?ration/
The Agile tart statletios 1"I Dept. of Agri
e?nit~a~'e,otf3 of PM61 n Agric Relthe 11o F e
ati ;
The Beenomle
: lo /pa.
wome a1;: by the National n utrial Con-
BsM1Melt der iia1tarlrl ,li,l95O, by Johassses Uhiig /smear /
II.Q. Period! ,.s
lam x"Am
ftwesw Om r
mor" lhielu
/fact./
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80S01540R001100020004-9
.Ell
POW" Aftaln
Bwisss WN*
Suva" 9=3 z"11 Ttwim
nr York +rr~1d '!'fib - i
/ X
AS 1 W
1
M
9
all 1952 "*"s
.9509 1
9
sr 93 is.tws
o
'lent ZOsvhor reltupd
Ot2'?ar atw rest periodic i
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80S01540R001100020004-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
PasrAC8
Cae >`es b svslapm~at With all its
Ph"" and pssetiiaritias "Dwat be aaa iasd as an isolated
phoas Csast~a~ has beau an intotral part of
the ftwiat base sad boar eaomomie pelip- is aeeosaarilar swb-
o~rdiastad to sawlet L Mts. Cass! is me of the
a t Immtti?1 sst llite oarttsies sad resaatiy has bosses
euo of the Pula" -an O J4* the iadata4aliaatioa of
Mitaoa s+Mts.
The iadertrial swatm;iaa or dastsra Ewe" is by as
m"m as artitUlal ^othsi i'~alorlostad b the 8 vviot tbllom.
Themb direotad %F Ressls flow her ow bosofit, the isestrial
Vor"Mum of Nests ra repe is ss wgants part of essaoeio
lift of the eta aSs. With the ?neeption of the
Csaoh part of Csoslsosleoairet /aba 5 sad Mweirta/, Mstorn
GOVINVO am RUNW1179 the satellite aoatrias had missed the
LMtrtriai p of the niaet.s th emtwy sad sweainod
priaari1 rn", with a iaesrt bardon of meal poverty* The
pree~ of puna& ia60triaiiaatiaa, set in mum in east
oast-dht~ropo~u~ ao~owtries in the lets thirtirss was interrupted
b the rash has n - the war deatsyetioa am the lbllowiad
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
40 2
plmlrar~ ~ t~ aa~-~ ,,t the
as daft tat tb~ Aloaair~ ?~ taak aptL. ~"e U
? or p3atrisua,"ti" wrti~
all s.,
Narita sats+.e4=tern soft an but tha
itt hats been "ft
palathi. the ast ON
ZNa
asst or be y"ard" as the Moment ta~rtrtaz
,Pullet tantarwts now" ad aata' i~-tjw ~nstrial ?ph" a 8a"-tat 04, si~tp aawuy~ ~
wthe
ith the interests at out
a""* The estllitat", M!t"' or
riu at th is p 'iariti~ra aaa~,,ies ' t0' stop get""
MV aithar lalu tatvstrtal; * ''laf~la~lt ~~~
deft"sM t/ drift is attsm or tbelr l latiw L wdft
no present
halt. and bell
au ati.. or C.Iat %1 as sasta:? i .t:~..
boww
trams :ha wNtaft ~. s. apt a
aaatra"y at w at ~t ~spr Is
as ~aratin alert
? . pa~iu
/apaya at hat pals am ~''' '~-
altlN~ and ,a~r~t s+~;tat boom* ? ?tmo'i'a lava sra??
Interests hm Mown With" th,u 41111111411114 M
two
irMaa+si" ad swat" enties in
"OnIfte IM wabftl Is lost Neu
a.tsa," s>~ with ~. .a~~a~ at !~ !r~iita
of t
Zr'
?"aka ?"W alt
wrtIrtta, ea
' me Asa
lam at aw
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
Imm"
au emeft"o aat~ - ?~ tr~r ?. sue, is now eaw
?i"jr? sl~tK ~At+r.
S. a"
w aka ,ft j, it au
Sm wo won. 2u U"
%alft U. ohms U... S.
AN aSaft t&*
,tip" that ?t miiti'a
u
"W a* U0
w J2
on" fit" - ?~ Nw 's ~- ~-sw.~ ~aa It du
boa" as wwu nut
M"~'a i?~at .t as Be"" u...
"mum
avow
us ~- DOAiUW NWW some
# am*
?~ gift, 0414 4"'a Tsai
4w memo
a it
~e that
~M~M' ~rr~ ~ ~ ~ art WAU
9`1111111381umm 11 Oat
wftr to upwwgw the
ANNA" ua*wo
t t air + *rMa . ~?`
OWN"
Wme
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80S01540R001100020004-9
?4
appear that NMe l Sr i > oat IW dkb& ths
dwtsam Iii slrsrt or the Awed hs7Ns u or hltt13m s~
ao4tiwo to Ow
PI" ~ I" GOWGIMM". Is sea lrilt~ to gum ow
pOreemt is o;tiliset fir !www p,sps Nom.
psi to i o later PrOdImetiyiq. As U ft as the ea rSSWU
mow
am" the > as.s of the pia w bS.Sd are art
svs Sriti.ism ha baseless, cems~ ?
sNl3~r i! 38 ~ yl1e,r,..
prlatO to Obmwe at ghat prim the his bees jjb-
orosa.d, and that are the liaitatiuN 'bssh aft
laerltal~jr
Askereat in and ssste or tS d
XXx
in the fQllesiat aar .y T hw. att tart
? pl.tu s of root tr.a a in Cso l.,
4-? So .laim
of Oeepi.t5 pa be as ? NOW ale ltets aro fir
toO olaov,sd 1y CeMgdat siereg , 411 Sato sun taisa to
.liasaato wlmkft]L thiakf an eoh as humaly pSSeit~Lo~
A iespilatiw of Casoh ft jSM It Seemede statiatiq is
not the 8010 pwPose of this ?
t-O:t! tLeaa~ is not ~M. no ~sL In this
tNpM "Oman" !hots and their ee3atiar u
swbo but rat upw inti'pretatiem at sarieme tram"
e oiz the CZSSho81orak SessaW and WPea t ~
Csa~oele~-tic a r?lO'e~R1' of
eW b either Seemed. or "Webel ti al
Mere. At the saw time the tummue width of the" two
MOlds a the S and p4shOl.tipl warame
atw~r to be lbl3~jr eodsatistiryt raw this ? ~'wemta aq
sarirq Is ratrye
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
? f ?
~ ~0- 3a `i'r't ~,,.tW, ..fix
ad tNr~ tit !ice ..~
XZ
oft Am !fir as t. r-ltgp
wt no" ~ all ~wrl i L 9 wIft
lose Waft dkeshm Jim av"UMO' X"t 'W 00 4kta
ab"aw an tam or Ly rtepul ltat.i
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
II
POPULATION R X 8 O D U 0 8
With the of tbs C.mmulat rssiw is !
19489 Cstshssl,,ewah o
PSpWlatiat trooft mm s3 ly its
ties ~ t~ sssssto Vitish Si a~1~1,~, tiw~-'siisi t~
time hat, slats the pz 1 7 set ovwy
Is P ?9siasia am not poet stati.t l
., alp the tip art eftsa ala1 ~.
Tts 8tat. 8tatirttlea *s.ad pats the 1951 birth rats
at 23.1 pw t2yt * d th rats at 11.4. This iii
Nsstatt
tsr net s'tp1"?iwtioa rate U.T. This. lipp
as ssr~to as tbw are aPp~racir mw ~
t~ is lilt with the woru
P tlatisa trtait. The 02fth"Ievok Glevesmomt low nth r,,,~ sad hilt attar the
birth rate to the a"'tls' womriaa-
tita st G*ftSldA #M as'a 1 sae aaswts that
8"Id"m
Aaw "20" an as r"t that woad be 1site i sihts is a e il.ls.t
11111wak sitiitar SUM*
s0,04s. this. t*galeas with this* at OW VAt.0 1tatt= ?
U.S. ~, ,~ IS the
kj*AW Math Rate Sam thaw "W" of
Cs..b..3+rr.,~
sat then are also son Vd ik to
or the state a. ?tatistt saw ? tats
a !'isaaw,~ lM1,r11,1
Cssshtslteak pepld tisa is 1941 ow s 1t 090
+0ssrtt !Me a 1aa0 wise stAwh~ft on r . It ter
~ r h
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
t -
s.mltryt the 1951 p*Platlft sq be estla teo at 3 ,500,000.
Apart rrim the $tat. $tatlatlsal 1asr a s?s t the" is
"Othm plea. Of .v1/suss at Cas.haslwak repeN11st1et rate.
the ~>yrtsry of the Csxtftl Ca_Itt...t the Cemaallst Part
of t W. Isla, stated laa pis 'speeeh 1w
JMYt 195! t that the 1951 at IM.t ease at Cassbea1.nk pardatiera
s 3 rat ash who tee the set i.ppsr.isstim rats
allphttr .VW 10 pew themaM. Iv. !'as1s ass be segarrs0 as
a pawl *s Ms s selativsti- free assess is statistlaal fl.
~sewt salt st hla twat ties the
~t sl .fate $tatsat3sal psasi `s tlprvss. Per all prsetlas3.
the sati atsa or Cse h.sl k pspsatiem trem& weru
be asEmma&lsiast mm eith.st s q- psrs tq... Is a lems rest the
dwr%W at Ims t $tatistl a mq axh?tastisi3~r listert the
p1 .t ON s1, pspsatiea asvs11spmsst. /~hsem l t this
aev+gs vh sstlm~em at oaedmlwah p pdstles are used
spss*a lj- 1s tel. llaprt et 'plea ispits"' eesalrpti~ or pretwtiew
th1? p,Wprsa Q~ei11.iear+alc P.p~atias has 1iM Mtlate~t
w ll~isws
40 t 1* o foso
1151 .. .~t*
i'h. i~t s maltl t+sa aM real figures smast
OrM~tai/
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
-a -
Naapo?9r Di?tP1b't19a
Osamu*
Mtil Fobrrapr, 19409 the shift ! tat,
rplelrneat tooard In "try went ap tour Alm# the
1 Sal has of all other tovatriee. $tati?tip llpr jbMwW9
1948? put the total tituso of d, active pepMLti?11~
at 5,8S29oo09 l.e. 410.2 pp t tf total pepalatie. This
porSrtage9 shish is above the avu'sgo of soot oowtvijt
is ?~igative of NNW fretes~? - low hiviL~g ?taaiari
!IrlMi~
gore people to "Sept enplaprnoa sweremplarmft In
atrl,~-
tnre9 rte. Fran this ss /39d529000/ about 2,207,000
per901110 ws" 001"Fed in agPi 1t*re /37.7 perseat of astivo
populatioq/, and appV0sJnatel1 195649000 parses to stpr
/26.7 porsont of astivo population/; the.. figures are net
roprosantatlro of oaaasnio oharaotor of the .rung,. ale
poepie Mpleyed in industry usually hay, a sooiderable amber
of seeftewlealzy iaaetive dep to 9 In agriculture often
whole fannies are ee idered somenexleally active.
More representative pieture eau be obtained by ?tatistios
dividing total population into g>'as aNardisg to depenteapr
on a given typo of enploynent? #4., esawpls the noonber Sir
industry represents the pers.ntaso of total populatie4 wkish
makes its living trop industry either as eaploproo or dopeestI -,/
In the fOllowiag table the pisturo is s t distorted
not very slier divialon betwren
troyps of aw1awwot and 1w
rather high peroontage of 'other oupleyaent But the first
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
 t# W" /ter .lri .si a t / are the
isa be a...pt.d as M~l,Ns.
ilK
81P TOM
AGIMMIn 20 O ZWAt POPM ATION
LOZIaO! ?. 19"
1.
3i.2 !~'rfstt
2. dis*dti i-. 2$.0 P s.mt
3. Cm.1 ,.. & rraaspsat 32.0 t
OeewafAeft e.` pft4owt
s. Psa..w~1, Sos'viss
s ?1 vr..ant
i. oth.r ,~,q?N,t 13.1 Por.out
Th"O asp. the last rSirl s lib i. statistiss available.
The stoop team" iadrostr7O ijeh roller" n.,
T.b"aw, 1MO OM GILILY be .stlast.d ands sip io.a the
lasts or the" .stifatq Is do b$fsl, may aPP ZIiitisas
be ftm"e
Sh. total .a 13,p satiy+. Population in.s-s.d by
s oazrj. is and *god p.sP1e aft= to wVl t. This
ws Lalr- sM an4 bar, peotansoas. The GgVern-
auat _at.t moss P.opi. is Iadvsta a" *s all p.ssitili
SOASO to tot ~-au stiro rtrisd loon aid p.nsi...
asrs. /e.. also chapt VII9 `Livini Sts 41 ', Pa:'sisaph can
'Cost or Lim", PO 126 of this
sMPM!?/ At the ssm tlas
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4any of these people, tryiy to louse their living
standard, were in need Of addititxslal
?&MMSAis. The oo9errest
sponsored this develop..* in say diffsz nt wmys - seer
kindergartens with twelve er minty-fb=%* sos-ise arre
established, in sajOSity of seheou, ft"10" and fetwj s
messes Were Opened to enable married wmo to &eeept tsll-tiss
wp1. 'asst instal or w"tii at hmeo Pwsiaasss weld wt
lease their, p.niafu by re-Joiaiy s41et. ReU*Aly
Ostieated, the total eeoaosiatl3,lr active poprlation represents,
in JIM*929529 abeat 51 persant of total population./the
rap.stiv. figures in 1949 lu the UDited States are 40 por.snts
in the Soviet Once ST perr.at.
In spit. of s vers 0110Y arsntai eoatrols owes o!lSy is
it may be safely dedgsed that arpr ee~nsidq~ab~,e inpr vemast 1*
living standard n?aid result In flight frem espla t to
e.oneaie iaaetivity.
e e v u 1-t a ? at t e r I a d? s t r y
This e"s..U "age in pwpsrtien of active pepalattlea
IS filet N saeh sspr".atatly. et seonwir Maya Is CseslltsSlw
vakia as the shirt of peaces M within the fetal active
pope atiea. Tye es are as sellable wmbsars Mich wg' .d mufti
as. to present a pseeise Pieter., *we tMa agthiy else, the
Cuosimsle ak @evermumt taaads eisiaiy its Seism at umbM
of p.cpl.."plpw 'a "Wills rlhf side aaq- $to-ti 1
vvid~e or this natwo rid revrai a -well w lit
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portieaai Increase in the number of armed frees and polite.
? g r i e u l t u r ?: Between 1948 and 1952, the
a?tual aatber of peeple apleyed 1a agri ulture decreased
?uy slightly, but the peso?ntnal gap between agricultural
and other types of uplepa at has been widets d. The share
Of agriealtural aplsyes in total active population deereaa?d
from 37.7 percent in January,l90, to sere 34 pereent in
JU., 1952.
Other Ron-iadustriai employ.
a ? a t e in 195091951, and 19529 those were some lan ,,
$eal, stat?-spem?rod saapsigas rev transferring ?easrclal
and alfi?e empleyees to industry; the largest of those was
carried out duriat 1951, Am 80,30? *t#w eapleyeea were
i+oraited asiaiy far MIsiy iadastry.
tamale workers ? Baiasour?cofnow.
Blame to Industry hive been ioally iaaetiv weaen. They
either j4da the industry dlrsstly or are given oaplopmiatt is
othff aoetiev of a activity Be that mere male workers
e~ trwlrered At the be~tiawitAt of 1951, teaai? employees
III us"Od ab?at erne third if all industrial employes and
absat 53 t at all agriowltural wsh~ss. But is the At
it l;, fonle des repaeeaoat abet To persa t
or ?11 ,~; flat pla for ,eerajsa , or wesoa
Wme V"W gore" on F*bwmw 2* 31510 at the a??tiwg or
o sl la tt$s er the 08MOK"t Par* r, Darin the last
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u 4W
thins pears of the yiv' M"latt /1$14,/, pro tlrt
250,000 moots were meted to aosept e~ie/~Mrt. !1M !*lr~s
fir ree:uitnet~t of Wallas bow imesd.iat~,y aM i1 1951
",000 lrrnsrly 1ee08alds13 isoti a iiumio s more
r$63%lt0d. The tarot of 250,000w &a at the ^sotift of ' trio
C.ntral Ce011101ttoet will be pusbably ?et with belles 00 at -
of 1955, mime the srertita snt of w mm in 1952 wia won
+oartaaiaed and antlrssd.
Tenth l a b o r s After llebruary, IW, the
Glot dovernaoAt Sgiome:+visod. mash of its Pm" an
leig7itm
of approatioa for industry, ant ospooially fir heavy industry
/ineladiu aini industry/. Siaso the aevly usuuits
apprswtloes have to spend most of their apptiop as
full-tom worhers? they s ht to be regarded as regular
labor free. bads drive fir more apprsntioes was lavoisM
by President Gottwald in 1949 is 1 and is baron as Lam..
?itton.Its priuary p'urpos is to m ply mimes and bring
with fresh labor ftreo, but it has also its inevitable Poll.
tical aspeeta . The Xi etiea is owduot" in seboele all
year round. The teachers' task is to petesuade pupils to
join the ainim0 or steel-aatinp tsMe, and "we the saw
has beets mused to do so., his parents have sot mach to say,
to it. In Caeshoslovsk press artieles often appear with
full woos of parents Nlss did sot realise their sum 00
wino deeisien and attempted. to autos their am or day htetr
to ehaago their mind"; artmraliy the mime does not ftitiiy
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- u_
At tlra 7rat an IrqiL
'~ M1t 4i graft
/at is yMalr or "W
asN~1 been 4 >
spy taw or
~* t#~ Dlatalat 4tta Comm,
tlN~
Offtem or
- a! ~a ax4sastw.
to ~l+at ., ~tt~ 4ss~ ~aiMyt
liv+saN~,~ t1r aNt tslt~i ~~ llrs
met taleaty tb 4
ftj plat
~-' sw i27. ? ftt1a the
Cs .,
test t pvouttw~ aft as M-t,-
? to aaltt.1 t w14??r awtlab1,o
that: 4aia !s ti . fts that
aftaml I'ltw S, 1, amt
t~Ill" l+ar aft Oftwat
Mkti,4w !~ " !hulas to ~
! to 1~i ~w t~+PattiiM altw aai N
~' titta >w aumt Or "W Itito at .U...
SA wai,? U,"0 bW4 ws* itat t ,,k
~~ aM
1951 ate SA. the pe rud ietw ft ti
,1m, apart 9!46 a i r
we or of boa aa' g* $t s1 aivtr~r teal sh ld rat
~Y W ter butul t
tsa4, . tl s ua. a at bwe iwrs at aq war am Stu Orw
tal Si taw tt?t at
t .
-??aaa! ?a
ftst4r al labor l Oai"1Mwa as i~la'tsa! to i has .
~lasttw or Osedwsleftk tntwtrtaUfttt,wo
metal a!>aat ~aai y, is the*mo aea at a
/am"t 7- at Labs !'/ Wdb U. t.
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arnually gors ai th a of glories from .
all aMtiees
of ?semcq- /Lhelotin0 light and amt i / 1Ulr
labor is mioea aM hosvr ind star. A spoelal g~-orem~etai
order was ias"d in afteg l9529 in orier to ergaaieo the
41400"Joaf labor /so?S U.m tark k.i /mere ~"tooti~ro
than beftro. sine most of the wog,
-ww"Fu es JOIN the bony
industry sad the mines for .ae 7'eMr pslei ANWO am also
"-'*oaths and 3-riar torn/, speesal pme halos are made
for smootr. replatimmt or leavj ws]c trigs br llresh
onfOre meats. There are no ~'?l+r?so~~tati" firma avaiLlils
to aher the proportion at ooessioeal labeer, but it Mir be
saf.i7 stated that
azW ftitit is taietiew or Mwiaalai
labor almp results in eeesii~m .
An !rr as the ~ ~ d~saM proi~IMts+ae.
v- I Mutr7- Is ssNsieri ubw
z'SArMOUta seer 10 pi is of wWustiee.
?it!!~iti?' are eeeetmt~ ritti ~ MN
~r~?~. or ~ attMpta to Mtjat? t%..
?easieesl 3abeir,
sl is t7-p? el!
lad=trial empta...! bs m cliff r,ut fie. Oe~yat
unumble is the labor is f+ 4t Is
of s waste mtt risi, f 1w SMrstsiai SIN. NOM Quist
Ow! titres ?stsaai flit the Am eard no" wstm tare..
rial
VaIntarii IW 7 S* a to tm sbm
200*0W souse toes if lrea Ov"r i'N!, bt am* Mtsmumi
saaMs be ful]7- trat.o tppe at slilslf~?+tlM
?eeaaieaal labor Is fife wash. Asssp to pt
Mpo4rtat IM JIly amt ? rt ills, abed this* 1 rut of
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? jf _
041.ww I &M.M13ft
MU4 ~a is atM l9
?~~! is brs,~ a~ !wars or age ~
t 79 apart trrr ?OMSMsabl?
~?itt~q~~
"Mmkuy ? state rasn. .
t1M127 th.to is ?.rtasa a AN
or
a'te' WPAVIA"' alit, terM or
lei 1abee ?outituw a form
.at i relsab ?stUraU at t*W labs
11$ M 1'! sstbi.,. lar+N
t?r~?i lab?,,
labor la ,1a ?*i . or !b!
to the to ? lalwaatsoa
N
,ttiw1ai ftFORWM labor
ad to us *Ufte labor tae Nl=dM 1 ~ as ~~~ ~t 330i0a0 glen" la~,,Ns. sipti
to a" ft ls+w~a t ft OW ~t or
~- w ist3~M*"Icis tin
at ~ ~ ~ ub~ar~
~M- ~r~1~ !~ ,r~,r ~t 4IjjdLrsi a?~ts w
awe 14%
tt r'?1?rsMr. a ?~.
*Ago
110.
iabp,,~a ~' ?
amp ofte, M amour..
a3abor dwad be
ta
isb?s tax, a0T?:
Aid to
IW or boo 306M
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.2 .
we" Made In the first quarter of 1951, low the *e se
usdified the vasatiea law. the asr rasatiaw Saar Prowl" l
a standard I h laid iwtieffl. as files %* whys hwe
blown eligihie aft after ]a 0110111111111*18 or
with as emplgsrr. In 19499 1.3y 9 months of most
i: us ,~rl~n.
ment w required. The aodifteatiea of the twtiaa Saw ems
eMsstad to assist is reddsiag the labor i s bet this
prevision was too small and weak against the g:*wft dissat&a.
hotiOn or industrial workers. The one people we trw-
lerrsd into heavy isdustrft the blab ezr wont the sate or labs
ttisrnovera reaching about 25 poreaat In the first si: aaaths
of 1952 throughout industry, and even higher pol''e a is
coal-minim indur try theme.
7iaall7 the Gorer:wont was flresd to vN striate,
meuures to sops With this d.ws1apasat. It may be said that
it disliked this aoaswre as an r no and too ads
reminding of the Nazi eoeiatioa Perio& gifts to - let,
1952, *very Cseohoslorak eitiss is obliged to hate a spseial
entry in Isis Identity Booit regarding leis ewpie~,rssat, dW
shange of employment meat be permitted by the Distriet
smpleysent Otfiare and a now entry added to the prWisMS ew.
No employer is allamsd to aeoept a now employee without tit
eheoking in his Identity Book and making sure that the psr??
mission to lean the previous employment was grantede rwxthor-
morsi almost every permission issued is sc0ditioned by a spNial
provision that the easplayes may aecpt only a tertaia type
of wrorka quite often the type or work and ow the faetaey
are specified. Sine& this .,.....~.~..a~..~ _
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?Z7?
is "j- sr...ltt a. whips.. as to its o!tlots is aw.i1s11?.
won am w Qi..~~?lc 0?e+ssallrnt assn lwtai ae
offlet1" sip ~alrt also~ltoois~t. the sates a. with
la#irre rws alwttooiaa is at its hiiMsst is the out
1 'M M?tl~as ?!` ?eemw . st?oi-w-~cl~ istirtry ant
oral mass. Ta !M ?r me /he"""ft t-ms-iaslo5
t?ly o[i~?isl a wlalis~t Q~/~ ddAk PrOONOW a1 .t
00 axt ?!' alt Casshoslovah bud osal, 2007 pint or
total w4dtft tlae Wme last in 1953 tisoe& a !?? .
!'hr~?t~luoat all Cs?Nr?lor+a~c ialatstz-, 10 to 13 p s at
a1?eallrooiaa is a sate ?stimto. of those 20.7 pereent of
lost time l the 02Ds fall 19.2 p?resat wwo wrkS ties
lost thr t now" es ss, sash as illness am ape lal
flair teas.... This lrMZat?s quits ?loaw],y, that the so..
Sail" 'i?0- 1 Uasss~ in Ca. hssle la le a last ant arts
as the l im /Mop. sapotosk$/ ass rtst a lsari??is ittroa..
lies. ~11s+pr iilee?s is wldosp ssd no"" ant physisal N" U.
?"s,./ Blase WWI ws us aiasiai his Shift has to prsdueo
a asdioal ?ortifloat? Issued, la it sass., 1y as s tiheriaN
fi tiq .Shoal i!fisers it be pa_sd that in all
19.2 ,persis t, whist wears last from warkitM ttu, the medial
~! !? dalibssstoly deslar?t wait ltr work workwo p ysi?.
inky fit. Cetaiaiy a_s pearsenta~? "a be as?ribed to this
oaas?, DIM. thee. is aces widsrs? indioatlat that setae mo.-
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dical officers do oppose the regi" by this methods but still
the majority of absentees proved that the eawe of their
absease was illness.
Until now all Cos ist error" to eontsol absaatoelu
completely !ailed, Asoerding to the rage iaposed Mm
workeea in asst factories the dusatien e! vacation with ps
is cut by aaIe day for sash wsrlb bows lost through offlela3Iy
D V o
Imb d abssnse ties work /these rules partially ditfsa Lt
vario a aatsrpriae.I bat thus a~ do" not now to Mwe
im h offset an the rate at abssrtEoelss. /?wt dia*ap.isa
of other aspects of abasntssiam is slat chapter TZ2r"tiyi i1
Stanard`, pam[rsph oo 'Cost or ?.1rini", page f "i0 at this
surrey./
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-19-
III
IXDUSTlty
latredaetion
In all satellite eeumtries an eeonesis systew
roseablj that of Swiet fiusia bets. 1928, k as
the Nft Eesohaie Palisy0 was instituted shortly after
the Weld War Its and lasted mlttil 1948, ud-en the arse
ens eeasidered rife !or loe -tesn plans and Shen t s
Drawl la began to feel Itesw s in a B roes. ruder the
1.1.?.s Cseehoslorakia !against /with her ?we-Year-P149
1947-448/ abet her Dreg prod sties. The =UtA aid
was a De li stimulant. Alter Nissan forbade - in the
Win last as m$ - Cseehesslo-ak am Polish partieipatiea
in the ftr 11 Plano the satellite senatriss wre tightly
llaksd with the dwiet 't laa? The ftbrvary 1948 ooaD d'otat
is Csoehssl., kla ass beet a natuai veasegv et inte3PI111al
as w1l asr iatsmtleoal prsu es.
Is 1949 a sties at le~?+reat'w pum was. bsgaa la all
satell~tir eM !les. ?21 these plw tin at the arDarlan
't ~~tutrta S# Pell asesed with the ewiet theory
that hearry is tie b to the Tetery or the se-
eIaIIat a st The listi be-s lest flashy rated 14- the
!v'1 b a the faiths of a s tall pp1ariN trivet
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a clearing house and a central agar ey of ee trol fli t!u
entirc r uropean satellite area rest with the Cosa rw
Mntulal Been eie Abiataeee /kOoea as OOISC(*/, oreat"
in January 1949 by the soviet UtLes and the satellite
goverra ents.
The Czechoslovak rehabilitation plan /the i'rreZcar.?
Plan/ depended to a large extent upon interntiooeal credits
and Anerisan saehimsry9 but the political d*velopa s is h.
ring the T -Year-plan and after its en nletion 4mmot
ll~ndamental Changes in f utwre planning. With her ptrtlsi..
patios in the Marshall Plan forbidden Csechoslo,+etkia atteopt.d
to find sons way out fmot eaonode difficulties. Pet in a
lapse of fFwr Weeks the Coecetaiats seised power and shortly
aftersards the mexpeeted refusal of the World Hart to t
a lean to Csetthoslovakia made the impleosntation of the re-
habilitatien plan iapossibie. The Gevernmtmt put a relntleesa
pressure on local industries to deliver mete capital goods
at the .xrense of consur?ar'a goods and the general standard
of life.
In 19499 fully under the Communist controls the Mve-
Year-Plan has began. Capital cams frog several sourou.
1dhi1e Czechoslovakia cannot expect capital goods or credit
train the United States, most western countries make dell erjN
behind the Iron Curtain and do it partly on credit. Brett the
main part of capital comes from within. So-called "internal
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wfj?
a is mthias she belt a set of Sstheds how to
st'Ms- *Wk of the pesp-ls a svhetaaltsal part of . the aatisaal
i s am to "&me" it is satrstsyn eeasu~tieu is fully
eeatrsiled, elulraaq iat3atet sad iwalaat d.
Sall"s esse4 doubts are Duel heard in the West $
This all my be true - but hews thou, tan the Ceanslists
.xpsM their industries at gush fieree speed and with that
gull gross?
The ansuus' lies a here in the Cosswnist systems
behind the lien Curtain people are the deans 0 not the end.
Should the Dflited states reduce the wages of all the workers
by sae half and double the prises, the predvsere mould ask*
geed profits ? fur some tine. Me" is but en. employer and
produser in Caeehoslsvakia ? the State. All profits go to
this large pookst ? and it is reinvested everywhere the
doVera1tt wants it , not more the people need it. If the
Go-eris It wants to have heavy - industry expanied, it is ex-
psuMed. Au the difficulties? There is but one - to We the
people sbsy and prodaae. This is being deneq and only a dletater
ship sous hm to do it. Apparently the Csechoelsvak irAu-
strial parer grssus; less apparent is the growih of dissatis-
faetioa snag workers*, but, though rs asssurablo, it doom
exist. There are sal traces of It everywhoro.
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a 00 1 alt sa t l o a, O r g a a i s a t 10%
Planning
8eeia11aat10no
After the world war II,
almost 80 pmt of all Caoebesle ak industry wWe nano,
nalised* rat there a shse1e ladmotrial Waarhos /fete in.
stanoo the building lydostry/ almost filly in private lads.
Between Jarmarlr 1946 mad February I.M. the assialisisig
proeoss seas praotissily to a staaiotill. After the Q+switatlst
Party "Log peww in Tekusry 1948, the sosislisi, waski e
"At to ertiea again. At the oat of 1840, 95 pe cent or an
Cseeheslevak industry were sedalisst, at 00 oast or 1949
97 persist, amt at the a" or 1951 the sselalisiea if fttastwy
was - rep an praetieal prrposos ?? eea*&sto. ? When
iise~tssiag
latntry as a elrls, soetalisatio~ arw~s aatierltaatiew
/oarrship by the etat./, star. the persSM.ge et' t -
oeMt laustry is irigm$t1Mat aM papi .
Orgaaisat iea. Ia1940tbeQseoh.eElIII
sra~t
iad.stary sae irgaatssi taco 267 aatteatal larsf Meh
of this with a asubeie or leaarles. In 1949, We patse ws
ft ma toe heavy boume if We nosh ce Mlaitsatts r' ~sg0lMwl .
satiea f newedd - laste0i at 26710 aseMMlel sk iwilrta y as
"Via" late 677 nauseant lees , is aaMslatl+a~
affected ales the pattela at IMas961al memell
am 91401 i?
Iastoat of a site hhlalstsy of "My itilssly five MMstf9 N
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~Obdr
Ministry Of ft a a" POW
l[iniatr7 Of tawl~si.S and Ore Mines
Ministry of Cltstiea1 ZMustry
Yiaiatr7 Of ROM Ri1RiDOOT1n
min"try of General Rnyinssrial
QORtr.1a of the r.^a1aint industrial branOhhs have
bsss Orgstia.d is f,11.wing ainiatlieai
Ministry of t Indas /ioolndea $@V oral lran-
*Iww sash asyi t l~try tactile and
s1 tkiad iad"try, leather and r bss industry,et../
*iaibW7 et ssili4Lip Ialnstsy
Oiaistry or reed Industry
iOt~r at try am Wesdwrl~ini Industry /ias1 .s
papOrr~ailla .
Apast llrin tk. z+sOnantastion of Oontrol and plaaltiny
a6ams1N' a thsrs is i1saisati a of produotiSa is mmr
%my. Pat" 1914 a of the big nati.nal ent.eparisU pie
apwlaliaad sad ea 4k of ten s Owen its Lasissl pr lsan
poO etas. TDia apOSialiaati a of ledtiat*7 b"M after
00 POAWMW 151 Ott . of the C.atial Canitt00 Of the
A V11,11"a Or at *aft ? the `r st Va-
VIVAW Of a.s$, psoi000t In 010 .i'a tory - the gala Obstasls is
tom it Oft aw+a30p tt" ti001t OsitiOiasI.
P l &s m a y. $1 INTO .1r n we tn?Taar-P1$R
1 ~ Oil OMw1 1t la/~rtrla1 pl9 1. s bs r1+a .
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were ltM We
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
..i4-
wtheds of plawing shade lye. tins to ""I the lasts nest
tseiiarst3* .haute ??s approved by the Csbinot at its NrtiM
on my $,l95i t so that it world afi ! the pespsv - at
the plan fee the last year of the lei . Tear-run
In general this change aft= w1er step teaald !till aMS -
tanse or soviet plaanini s atd shifs sure
lity tr.. the meets! pla t agsnsy /Mate puma" $ssrW
on ai.latria and fbete.es ? The tin Mwse sf this ehsnto
MY be lewd in Ithe fast that in the past aeq !'s s
or the plan were not Rally 3astitiii and that naey soetla
of the plan were not is harnq.
Mr. J. Pdiiks head of the State Planning 1osrd9 said
in his speech before a Party sally as ?hly 249 1951$
OoThe old system, of planning 4id net sufl elalltly
respect principles of denosratie ?entrallsa and the law at
proportions which, in the realm of the seoiallst essmWv is
one of the most SWortant laws.... one of the asia featasrss
of the new planning method is that we dispoase with the
usual working out of an oer all plan. Instead, the plan will
be worked out on the basis of control fiyuresq as sidsatsei
by the Goveravaent.? .. The State Plan will outline the shift
targets, while the individual plants will be tree to filth
those targets by the most appropriate means. The end system
of planning kept the ainiatries and the plants too sash
ender thab.
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
? I* ?
Za as Rim to laws as To
~- owe a 100 +N . Th. tai
wow that so
mot sr amt Mir t*
aft., the
1949sM IM Me the Ow" YOM Uwe rwt!"ill~d' am tam
M*" IV 3o?40 peneaU fb. ROA64 A. ...
taw Pty $" ~-!'q' WO that
d?" be .~u , ah.rr the Lwts or
t4o.o at lest is thw pr t of
Mpital a.er.
o th. -oe to abts~a ?a Owh wort
~~~~- ~te at the sow as
~~ !ly- ~' It ~'la p an
1 ? slaft t 1w p . ba.
ftsade th.preftetIm or ta1 p.0. is bra
loo moat twM= t. ""'*~- allotli'
t:~`ttt 1i~ -generally
mod -
Tl" l
%me /moot/ asi its
ain s ohm w saorftft of tati.a
the ?W1d ftr U. au k*ft bem s~?~.tsaa
takM Itrow c
oorts. ei....t th. acts ...o
ltd : 8201 have ?..o .,osl.-
a.. N .....l~.tt. ' but the ",fi1 tram .w be
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 ..t
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?4318 2
INDIC 03P CLECR08 MA1r I1mDsmIA1 fEID TIOA*1946-1953 ?
havy industry
a.a.
113
0
.
141.5 163.6 201,2 943_5 tw
o
"-w +wwznvties at wd of Chart I
CHART I
I i2DUSTR IAL PRODUCTION, annually 19461.1953
1949 1950 1951 1952a 195 a
71.0 87,0 103.5 111.5 128.2 U793 172.3 200
1937 finds= I00
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
pp?dn.ti?itt
the" is it .bans in proao.ti-
Viti. Ia t1Mis te. Quest r p .s.~ati .ft.@a
asks U ft of uapsri P'sdastivity dtA 1941 p'sdwti~iti-
taw as 100 p ? b t it Is Won lesirwi that is 194k the
lnOrstria-i PStostiyit7 ~s saosapt1sas,11,1- lsv as a wit of
psst~r w talaati n. s'has th. psrri r /*exip
ii a1111104 'A J 7th, 1952, that the iM trial P itiiity
*sa somps"M t? 1941, lasr~as.0 IW 50 p r..at. Tb. atate
ita~ p iiris, la its Ispsvts .a ta1fii~a at or
ti0 PUM In X99 19509 d 1951, t~r1. Inn"as.s at
D tfaiq- si a s is s ris n W- s. mss, but thus
i i 10 , t be es ""I" to pa..
a U W40 "loft is Na lailabLs basis. A astiaa to
be w" tMt si0tti~igr As pLiup 04Y s1wfly ta. to aaargr
"a
wti t .?p?'&,1, a0 t? isv work Os..i-
pri,Lr~, v +sr IZ au r14P pi skier.' ?t
va su h as tip Est , at that the
in *tris eue* p ss aMh lister than
t o pu i !t'e~sttlrU map is i 1 ars ttaeiga
ft. ftpbu 1=I aw uwft 1tsadrt'O as.. I 0
ltd ,j r ~M Set thrt acts s h ve tow M"
tr 30011111111111UMV are w10i_ a~4- Nspts/ ?
~ , saMt M ~ssii. j t gilt, Its s its >sw..
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
PUN"
~~~~~? ~~ ~y tie ?
ftqgwu as wM
aftemwl 1-
a ~rwt~
we it
+" wak or
a arMeN.
Pl?daetiea /apatif1w
ftel and pewwr
? - - ? - - - -
1 p .. is Pv 4i tta~t e!
oleetrieity are the ~al* petrelory ant
b"10 or tie new
la~t~
oalbar in C lwebla. Qaeshsele la em Som
late amajor per,att , M"i1N-
8000e09 balm mar s
M" . e, ' viii ra do
Qpp1 or bard esal? The aat*liite art an a role !a
to predaM "Out 13390009000 Mtrls tftm of lard esai
PelaM a share being abmt 1oo,ow,ow netru l+l'~
tout
Vakia a about 20,000,000 aetrIe terns is 1igaits e1
satalljte arse 3a fiddled to pre tie
2909Op0O00p ~~ ter ~~
o =Jay is ftstera 0es+tr>tgr~
vaktt a share being amt 30000 app
s Mtsie tfts. The llawaM
rep petrala" ad natural gas are etro less
put of 139000~00p astr3e tans Is ~' An ~-
dlbadsa~ ant the PmjNteit aaiw It 0~,h
softet as e! Aaotrla. Q l,sslwslcsa ?e aiMW*e
is the aNl1est at all satellite eomsttri?.
In ee0fteatien with pstrolom, ornuwtle oil plan" shot"
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
40 " -10
be 0
!M~~!
vwmufA* mkt
l i. t. f fsi
~ladia~~laata
aft win
M to rU 11"t24 PUN"
~- .eai! aiiw t oft, jw
Gal or saw lire artaii l ""*Y*
? c~aaMrr~IaPS %iaaatalatr
? JAW ae~l~lasl as -
t#~ta to at Ott
wN" be aN
W- a all psaiaetiw
a _srt? as+~
MLONk shaft OUM 4C
aiM PSwst- is aati~nljr
aatN. =a want *$ + t
ali ,~:~ .rt "* be md"mti??
if"'** ~~~~ tars 1~aLr or ~"s l1s~1 am ~~ ft
all rtt l~ tti,! as the rss1i -
as aO& are ea the is Ot tls lut of
~'~aaa?
Qaa1 .. ill
Oa3 tw q .lttai et asst, will b diarns~rw
aaM 1~alta ~' Nat aeai *0wvMaM an + Iasi Goal
tat at it.'t nett aoal a mat hIghop Mean?
iat"gti1111t~r Miaitp+fttase or but tbs tars " rd eoal aad 'llV to
GOP"* Used s sue' are, as tat as aaloeia value
a t Sam "via
u ~ ? a1R4 ~.-
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
C o a 1 - goftraphisal distrib tlsa
In toms of seal sin be partly the diffsehass
in assists Strostvrs bstwsm the i>?lwtris,i Csssh part or
Cseshoslowahla /bslstssja aad Moravia/9 and ral $ls atria.
61wafcia has no hard coal at all, and or all Cs..h..1N c
lignite coal Prodnetes soon ? percent*
The fells,dA1 m p shwa the iwi +aphI dlstrilrRisa
et seal laslas IR Case lwakjs, the Tabs 3 1 s
Presents Praperti6ra-1 entput in MU seal bsslas if Caste
slovakia.
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80S01540R001100020004-9
,I* J& as
To= 3
a
ML 40 40
? ? 4- w ? ? ? ? 44,09
?
Re
Pm'
is ~
40s~r
4P go .40
me 40 am M
dp_ m 40 4w
~.s
mss. si+> ~ 3OS.? Cs Oslo kta 100.0
AU ea4a if4T /t s, M I or
pru
r*194Wt the
TH "irlt meAw"W
i>~!ulea t detaiia7
OWN Ms N ? l is soft I i,Mat tar Itr~rf
In o-be t3mm w *sag Ow O$MiMSlws k ONa'1 It
Is all ! 1 ,., kart ~Nl l~"sirrti~t.
yet tM SaMl~M~~ l.1t li ~. i tti~lrt is wrh
lM~ *~M ftb2o 4 aid lira:t 9rii Tltir !,a l~rl~r ~r
t. tir ft" /i~$ Msf OauMaa dt~! ail uss.snL~ Mpg..
be"
-OWL *a aoMit alma ida* wi.0ci.O basd sal
fie' rrtltra 1* iM ft ttr ,?; O -~ *i.
~t arts Ir rri t~ -
~+ ~? ~a it ~ 114:
bud l~ tea ~ Nor 1.a! ty amm...
w ' 1`S SlJ a lrtl~la wit - be @Emm atM.
aa1! NAM t!' Sam *memo ot but
?
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
'm m 'm
ij /ra3,atLYo to lgdto eftV mw be li is s
1.daatisa or owis
ela.e a us per.aata~a of u gate seal amt Si
D Mad 1~r . .. .. ?.Nra#,~ts~a of U"to
coal firs has bow waft 6051W O them
?aohiasr, he but ..sl - 1 mum had to be 1MO.etod.
*IV plants bole ditg a the I aiatry of *1SV mqg&.
?? a bem to pr ss "w1aw aOkiwnum mhir.
ry in 1950a hit their prsdw$i.a his bm we sl
and Yet 00 1109 of their now, pro"" hive to be .wpar?
tat to Poland sad gain. !hiss ws $..,. t or.
s..i.t?..~. A w hod ...1 mini g, but senm
of this are sat of we air* the .lotririftt at
mime is far too, slew.
2 Manpower problsss $
Leak or ma r it the >.sia cat. of the botttem..k
in hard seal prodnstiaa. The poweeNUM-0 or #' --- ---I
skillet miners doelin s. and a aridarabl. shean or
hard meal prodattiea is maz d br someaiwAai as elks.
akillcd labor. The as-eall d wrk.brigad,m are reersi,.
tad all the Year r t9 but sins 1945 the a,-l sum
in moal+inea has never resahed are that 90 persist
or the r q Lz'.d r or miners, And cot of these
90 pmt almost elk third are milled WS*AWB.
Coesegncatly the labor tnra.ns and absent..im have
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 - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO1 540R001 100020004-9
? If -
33
ow 111W VOGM
1I93 /. ftemmme, sit an own parsllsrs rl~ltlli
ac is Wma ass bud sea pls*a tisa that 1l~t+s
Nil lip chills y pIirratlsitt is is,. 9l~s~rs are so
laislsliLs li~rss !se pesdtt~tiuity, 1 a Magi seal am
Uait. seal alias. TM alt1,y milsaie Mahal S is
fir bW- Maid aid ilsaite Mai tsdshers
1!~ - atadtsi pretsstl~t per wos~loelr - arltzia tai/
11+19 - aaM1 pm I WtSwa Per worker - 2% M'ttlw teas
l!~ - aoai p1 mil"U a Per, wrltar - 310 rtris tar.
MI -m aaMal praiaetiw pw w!ltar - 300 w-tris teas
A s - refit Mtiaats saa be sae that the prsimti-
"fa is 1lsaite seal alias iaasassd siw 1940 lqr
NM 32 puma* - acid stwis s sowlasIan is that the
pssdaitivift in but soai air s fill ssaidszabiy.
TMe hol ap Table 4 and its p aphle t~+esaactatssa /o~r~rt II/
sir the own" sail ptMnstiss t sspsrat-sly fns but aid
lipatti ssai* sWWlr fifth > betwssa 1927-L942 ani Mrss7 year
Mutt 1947 ]j%. It shseid be aet1 that the plussd 1952
wttpttt of b"4 sail is 21 ,000 motris toas'O and 319121,000
astris tsar if lights sail. The 1952 situate Is bawd, is
fiat OlIlIlliON, w reports up to Am t,1952. Passible rate of art,
is shot 1-Q I m mud.
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
'za 4
COAL PRODOOTIOII, 27 nM
ftr
?Ma117 19444l 192 71942
in of metris tow
1927
ILA Mr.
19,21
1932.a
1937
1942 b
229635
1947
&*S
#
1948
179400
1950
1951
7-~ $'~arLir
t/ ar~~ ~'~ a1ia~ ~!" Mr-
17th
MMON .-..
22*3"
f00
1/ 11111aat
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
~ r M
ORAIt T n
S
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
C o a 1 hart seal
1. Ostrsvs. xa,,iat Ouse. The Ostuouo.~w~ Ousa
/effislal atilrwiati,.a 0XD, A4atialrsts.b?rrit4 ies~?/ io
t M srrslal psiat is CSeebse1,, hod eM1 ti .. ,Art
ft" btift the Imam how seal lui% the OXD alas prrdt
the say hen seal in Csostslwalela su %s is MW syp~ pro.
dwtj.a. AM, snits seas is iMispsaeatiis is sts01.uuk --
the has tuseias all its P~ ! tro
On ptist.
The 1951 prodrttiea plan of OM us fu1fiilsd 1v- 0.4
pereeat ? instead sf u,000,000 aotris toOS, only 14,500,000
were extraeted. The Cosa iet Party and the dwrrrrme ism
OM
a Joint resolution alaiat at better results in 1952. W
were raised, ainers were sfferOd spstlal bona.m aad prON&M
Pay tether with other oo gsatiop, all Party sad !mss tss
fumtionaries were eallod npta to "6iotou the pslitt
edutatiea of sins!, aM to ortanip oeoialUat aesOtti.a tO:1yAt1
all imini Industry' apart tram several w f stun.
The r9so3Lxtin was stead at an eoal basi*M In Csedw.
5l0-aklaq but its Mau interest meets co'beentrated se the We
The Party srdanisations and Trade Union l'a.tiooaries srossie!
in dragitg mere sines into the hoe>c? skou 0 .at and
the oo-oaU.d &Action 10' was emu- /ftery minor J.lut" the
'Aotiean 10' ploltdes to produce asntkly 10 teas of seal wear
hie normal quota. This 'Aetioo; 14' was later on ietr iwod in
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 Declassified in Part,- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO1 540R001 100020004-9
06 If 40
31
va>N/ ally ostler 4w emomm" ity with vsrl~ loos
of apptlydatiat of the aNNOos tam - tam Wick acre svsa,
MW awn the aces, tta *wood pdsets ps dusad above the
mama is a woke alto./ 1t yet these was art on* lnwwgl-
asst ? the plan for the Bost tai wtor of 1g as fulfilled
by 9t.S posrat. The sisoiiw*ros' aNr te~ amt the "Mttisw 10
oaatsi of a ostttidsrsbls peroatrtase of the total 0XD oat-
put, bet sw diffiel~tias appoaoo is dusters or the work bri-
padss ai e? lowlas 00 01b by thoatsMs; meet of them "land
the C Is MWd4 April and 1by of 1951, mad havias the Bost
N OlkavArtma Tess ai Istoe retired to 1516a for the goond.
A as oawpaisa fur soornit>twtt of now oooaaioaal labor
for the CO was bogwm: but It ease too late. Vurthrrre, swe-
ral haired of Italia miners refused to rarw their oemtrusts
ask chose to suet ws to Italy with all her uaii 1. -msat, rates
this to s ray is the C.
The Ooersll~alt 3aa shod a mew attaek5 but this time met
by iaol~roassid arses and !a*ro~-momt of general working sNt/iti-
aes. s'ltoeo is arrtain aaouut of evidence /mainly aoroosiads of
oseapad ref .ss from Csoohoslorakla/ that the local
Qo-issiin of rho District iatioearal Committees pudebw "Vona
t ar . of viers fur ^duleg their shifts. Provided the data
lltsnisied by the state ttatistioal Beard are basked by fasts,
the OID prcdastten i~toreasod in auy,1952, and an Jlsse 26 and
=T, 1952, the daily production plan was fulfilled floc the first
time sirre the beglrmsnp of the year. On July 2, 1952,_
P bO aamdtood that the CXD protection plan for the that
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
.3m ~
six asmtbs of 1952 was fntl tit IV 9%.4 Aor,amt. The
mow..
paper reports did not stress the fist that there
8nodryr shifts in xiy ant s. rye in were MV
p~tti~ss W"
sansei waste by .vsrtiee week . prodpstility aPpasws!
again. ly lM11
The Govt realised that the lttpro e5. in pea..
ductian was heavily paid for and in esdep to brims the
prospects for the last six sssths of 1952, it wwr~ul~t l- smsUw. Jt tit O Lw
aw .Qr, tlsu wort. tp alas. 1945 ad Vw IM
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80S01540R001100020004-9
predustiol~ tsapartd t? 3,1137, Aso t11ta leab3 sd /1937 poediis
.
tics - 3~3S1~ts0 aotsic tNS~ ostirts 19,2 .? 7~ppp,~pp/.
no
8.hs ?w cestsilstioa to the total llsaito seal pvs ustm
is INS mw be sous tot at abs t as persist. As a pedal of
i>aterMt be do ed that shut er* third of all lsaM
is 8okolo- atsa art @a usas jkq suet p itteS to aw In 0960
ahosloc akia after 1945.
3. Other lignite seal baaiim. The Slovakian Mare la
lisaito coal prodtiotles probably slishtly Ord /f.ypwawrt
is 1947/ is 1950?,ig58 bsmme Of not+1y o~ sines. tea l to
aval produced is the Aedaain alias is at lowest t *Uty am its
prodeatiea ham act ebaas.d such slims 1947- A lards oUeft's
Plant is bslsit eowtrusted is the Htdaala resiea tier speaty
utilisation of local ll nLt.s.
Fuel products otherthaseasl
Csooboslovak Govermsoat reptrds all data ea pvsdwtj
of patrol=s and other fee], products as top smart. Seas s
have boon obtained l"a negljr accaped rofvgfta shut am pots..
loam wells in Slovakia, but these reports carrot to eIfisas
by sort !.liable ovidenoo and abo!eld be takes with castles.
The iaaln CEOchoslovak pstrolom produein reoieas are soslr'h?MSt
MorWia /aroumd Redantn/ and the ad'oinii part of elsvakla.
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 eclassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO1 540R001 100020004-9
PT4 ?1 P#?ds?ta? mob
pr
?ft ?*???~..?...-
X11 ~r~~1 t; pat~I?r ws stirt is tI4 I .
a es1 NOW b1 40 as
al,wak
1 ita -s //t" ala? I' the U.B.
AMU ?e!' jssri,/ 00
t ilrsslesa1c p~d~ sties
in
als!l%t3r sr~rsasii. 1* ter lrilwda8 table 4/ t e
Mm" fir 1944 4949 are thaw ized Illy the U.S. Da:'eau ?!
Maas whUs W* rUW" fir 1950 and 1951 are bW?d m
Qa?slprlwsk ollt4ai sad ?t1.e s.". Fier fir 195$ is
as est5uste pith passible rate at app of seM p1 hews
109000 bs..
?A$LO 5
fl 0Zz 8I P D rz ,~ 19 0
Alonvis Of 42 U.S. d /
1944 .1959000 latrrela
1945 ----
919000
aw ~ 40 4w
1941 1969000 -t t"
? - ? - ? ? - - - - - .w - - w
1947 2109000 -t t"
1948 2040000 "t t-
? - - - .. 4 - - - - - - - - - -
1949
- - - - 2920000
Ob 4m - ? -t t-40,0. 0.
1950 -3420000
-t ,..
Ow go 0,
1951 4009000 ?0 t-
ire 4800000 .9040
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
Ina* !'+o11.wiap years about 17 pameat amoral iagsaals
may be s*psstei. No rrliabi a "arms ?t limits ass be sbtd st,
sines ttwrr is not wash e-i*sasr abet aai1y epwst Wises. lst,,
siadse the er s petrrina pal is iwrsssiap is is,
Albaela* ant Soviet now or iasts~ a Casrl?elavMa U 1l
alwya-s renais a sines pretiwer at "l?
7ael
s e i s e t s - natant and lMtrsal pis
@awlirsis sk pertwtlas at >aataral Mw Is isei tieaa^t.
?a tar as or preseat s-i*wa # Mrt tae ally pooo~etustiea et
aatarai gas is is eastera *a+via* seer t#Mrak O'ratttti. Ent
at the Ow fires ths+aM piping to ka?, awe is W" is 1s"&
im"triss. !M aawtt of. re stl ewrrt be Ntiatatii, bat
is ee s riasa 11th etMr !ails, it is at ast Ursa peaetiaat
i'ISrorvasw*
prriastiea at laustrial ON is mil is rM
sties of - do Ise
i is pwsat yssie isOrstrsal eerro~-
ties of iaisittrial ps is alwlt tatter Ow Nia st1 atllssatlsa?
Fuel p r?** s t s - eyai~Mi+i d1a
TM Basis at arose sslaaa dl pre ftsUm
are the pleats wwtat tar le~ar M440 t b* WOU War Tl?
psa 1,400,000 wtle Mr it tide "MOM
paa~MM Is
Oa~as-flit PUMMU in Bosom
hia* the Qssshe.l t dwee is y titi,ON 70~rMt I .
?iae? these plaste to earl -,~ 1M }elr MM~~
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
43-
of N1iatt -- Isar Ou dMtlM is tam la"saf In
?s s t.aal tI Wsv'sS1 cla.
0ratiala at all a"* pzr sta! i... p.tr.1 , gas?
Soar sila* is a td.sail- lftlftd ass s$. A ., d s pose 4
~- !WS* lapsatt iaraid be tak as wt ,P:y sellable; 100
flaw" an la at aaasa wMaNerlatlaaatM.
21*0triaity ? awl
.. .... go ., .. .. .. no " .w
t w~Mwst t s aataslit~ w e% Pwstr*s PUN" an bes"
aartww t wa a< lugs SWAP*
aasatPala ~a t s attaa-
tun an s VIAM91 is the II I%= or wt ,
- fa 1I ? Mt a~M at 4,3 0,000,000 - a~rilp,
arsr w? .3 pave $ /4309000,eoo fit/e in ]LW
Ms awl p1 1i war risMM,lr 11.3 paw.t /boo,eeo,ooo ml,
it !r~!~M M sb u tad' aiii sl.stila
OrrM~l fl0 to a 1~ir+ satals puma an
t? par??
Mos !s i!#4i d" $ psrs * Of aii dert!!s pawn. At go wo*
I Nr~1'1+0 rum" aarr laiaa 111Niio I ! &MMI
pl I irA flow" is d" Oft Seoe me ----
waft
t lsl aril sl* trtai
ohm"
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
w44..
Oum sssatrls planks ass 1rllt MpNiailo- g*
ls"aalitar asst tttiilsatiw. !hs >.est $;rplsal or 1s
am also the largest at alt osss s.i ~-,ah azastt~ plat
Is - mace trrtlaa 1a aw~i-~Isat
I-ftw, aster now
.sits. This plant la s p's. to ISsllae S 1*. tag . MOM
la lssai glass! aai~ wry to stll*iaia?
41 the ss1 is valve at thls !'1se1 i1 bs wtlliast t* w
$5 POW" as l No= 16 or
Nil of strls pa tisIlt fir hart aaai.
also tris Ity _ Mattes
? w go 40 ~ + = 40 ~ ? +w
To saak1. ?M try is meet its !t psr/a~tisa sml?,
the aoma ateiot3 liaitat Us MVPW or slostrle psi
to P 1-ato s~raumps. slap the oasainsr~ at mwt olottrls
piaats is ost sad vest ups
his~ are Psraiatott ?~-
at this coat or prtvsto osas .. 1151 air1 1lftt tie
24P1y or olostrio pews to private owa bad t? be hat.
test to a greater &otrrs than hgriat as Roefrlt Wier IZ. Whlle
the s+aatrrstion of now alostru plantta me set suala",
ens rilaa to tbo admdao* the FWASIMtapo of o1ostpis Pow '
tired lniastr,Ia1 P la stoatl,~r Iiis esai~. I# lar-
aris 1952 9 the 10alatr7 !or ?till and Pwar isaasd an ss4s3p
4e00141rt to *Ish the matt"* or ilahtln gboWU bo 11-
altN?
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
s!fl~~~wle~iMl~
rsmtawr"
staff", n ~
?4f -
S w pool oms stwe not"
4?pm No a'-,.mtsr
4 1 psi one swam ,meter
f W Per me stds,. W &W
I w per om. a'o meter
! i pot ors alrare note
lb.. 1laitatls.s here art been sdttialsmto in meat
?assM.l+wat elti? and twa..me. p opwed d.talled pleas
i~r ?3s~stsi~s pew lttisalalo am Pro has 1.oa divided
law tales rosioasi sub or tbm is me r day fit six hem
vith" 31863-d- mVVPI q t s?. lfretdsmltl~r toe 10
ham. 4.sll-. simile ?itdstioa is sa .taw toed wad .iti?.
C. roper from *L shortage, ..s be .xp std is afar ftit s.
Ia slit. Of 00 d ? *W*4kla 01108=t Of 0100710
pews is being oaRpsertet. the aria alsstrle slant fir lignite
0i1iai-tism mw uwkw memstrMum Moravia win
agW rlaly NWSUY* hexes Oft definite indisstisma that also
Dome h tla PINKa WN 1.iag .wtsosted la Bleeskla will
-offt o~rrsidsasb1. p s+.omdage of ele.tris pemeor p.dd.N to
lirf,* bowt at olestsis Power Bret P.lsad fir n-&14fasa..
vies laddstsi? is d?vwstad?
Cas s 1wak s pet of sle tsi. peat to N=607 is
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 rt
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
a part of the
altar3an?low-alc liaso~ito ~lr
signed on April Tr1952 9 Uhl" f'hl1swNd the bstslts aid alas
?inias snobs in aa"". Aftmga:,y is oe of the World dtm pled ot baasitoo the rawr aat.nal from *d4b ala
A3aina is protusod. ilalIIIIisisa is 4spwablo in warhott .
ring airerart9 a falaablo s stitmte f~ r map" SA alMtrie
tonsisting call tftwrsiasioq erai spite at
baaslte prsdastiar~ arms share in alasiOi~ i lift
has 1 mail SWIM to last at electric 's Pir dast
or me ton or alamiaia., loon batpcit., see t !0,000 IP
or olootris power ars neeisa* r Wl~3s the gyp..
F'" Dr'odastiau or baaslto is no j u absat O Seri
fetal flay ber abaft In
wAas relattway own ?? about ''m tz bs tar as t?
641,710 ^strie taw in ftsmog 33rft3 in Ita1 , 31,006
30x310 ~1~sidr yartip ~,~ ~'r
WUM9 urn Aatria. to wisp
to soereaoe her altirtai, pre tiw ad to so itable-
beulte sa srlor tmari b"it oe?et*''ed ?ta1j Im warha
ub3eh are pr*asit3 an ai w ?
lIant. IMAM bVIIlptito to
mod to the e?riot 4% mast m saawyrr am Qao e
wztla./ The new ilio sf
anew wdth "sso e24str1 p ad iira 1nsftt wsw
slaabla thvh her shears An the p~w"sss~ b~orille.
taorM~-o in twat BL it pswW jig e1111lrstia
be owe:dwt a$ s hab. is spits at ,ratl,r,d,r~ PMW
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
- WI -
to the priest. eesssuere ales the rate or iadatrial
-"I wYld slur iow /*ieh is ,s , t, stage
or elsetria p_si' fwr private a tie Rill, eeatiuns at
at least t rate. AM siaee the ~Nrtas0 of eleetri.
ei17 fir ioa at3s we is eae of the aria ressess or i_sral
ussa>atiaferet104 this upset stheitld net be %ade at d.
Pesmdvies w Or* rinin1 M gem"a
M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M r M
The of Csesheslolak ladmtrial preps is pre..
dsstirt of steel. Is 1930 the satellite area ""mad am*
then ?,000e000 >?etrls t_s et steel; Cseehealwah predwties
slew ws al3i t3 a 3,,000,000 aetrie tears. The pal et
1954.4 5 fir the ,e ami t area /e slMiut is Soviet
04W is s tot 3690ft9000 aaaetsis tern, a fiph shish
the Iritist steel iM 7 seas sd eallr la 1960 aai ehieL is
oeaa~arat~to Wthe presest o at it the steel coma.
a0-' as the wtei ttates..., ?ith a preens tiee belt this aiasg
poi malt her ,Luse fleet ad sshsrh mm the eestsest
it AN& sat ad soon" it lass then 11,000,,000
teens of steel as m y"% sM Smites! prepa~+aties fir
l lap lease the satellite toslttrlros are sot eesstreetiag
- - soft
l~lres1ls aAat hi s s, : are be11d ~ fir hetres saa~
1 lrrllt aaa 1aMgad!'iwtt WM6W St many an
- Miasalal llitr- atrwt i3, be ae0 is helidlaaap
own 'a add" mapow or
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
ws, w 4100 the spool dll h " Ross" am be 111M" tilers
for the asM MN. $istsst tow of steel it
AMlisa, with her predwstiet or 40-1 =I
dsmsstsae Clpllst-
eN Nttaltlat steel, sit a slsilss umn t it captive We+spe,
eo~msate tans "Ma "d thipts.
Almost all psrws steel plants it the 2rst Cwrtaft
ooMtsia have best ,tebrilt asd ewian.d. 1tMeeev+sr, is
sew prosesdigt OR six hats - plants with a total Itt Of
sole 8,000,000 Mtrla this or steep !bees pis
are being eseetet at ptrs sa the Oder, In Weaatssbasti
sear Ostrava in Csesh dilala Is sill not to be seailret with
the greet primp ?stks,lse plant aesrb /; sseth at ashes In
8l vahia; at Dmapeatele in Bmptarl at cssurtosh ., act at
Now Huta sass Crasev in Poland. A nudwr of looser weds an
also betsg sonstrnsted, aainly for the protastisa or spssi*
steels. All these Pre$ests will vast "Ofam, bee we and
post of this will sea Polish sate. While the ab.saltite Cesare..
sleeak steel prsdostiea is steadily Lusreasiet, its ships It
the total satellite area psodetion my be espested to dseswss;
bet, wren when the NOW Polish steel plats are specs Cs.shs.
slowakla will still top the list of satellite states' stub
produstist.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
!?wesit siss & 0:s riniag
A&- ISists
CdssliMlrwk
of
!rent we are is tine regiesfy
ssathr,sst at Pirsgm., =d in O1osakia west of Tense. Sine
1900, gist eft vts bays bow takes to spin iU mines and to
rim MW 4spssits. d~sssediaag to the Central Csssittss Of the
Mist lartt of Ososlsos~Lssalria reports, these were, is
19fIm", six Sass was nines srspsmsi, sixties islargM, mad
for mmly, beilt neap. In 1950, Cseshulwakia was ane.g Us
No"* 0s sweat 2+est1. ss~latsiss In iris we production. T'ho
Ministry of !'dries mad Ors trines reopens won these dis-
used a=miss, wahish wore feat townsfitable during the Nazi
Ms~~laties.
QiNbalslat iris ens output eat satiary the as*"
of tali dstrelspsd steel master. urge anor~ vi ecru" mtlftesti
whtw fie, artau am t.
~%1r.d~twW..tw~~ ~
Ofriaiax r~P~ta! new pr detati1 or
a
In Im a leash about 250 pw mt plaattaa a ,4
""%a" mid pia the relattvo to MO 10 wy art, of 8
fro
~~~* lam! and ~* a~ ~ O~ ~~ taw at
9000 Mtrie taw at um am
a~* and ~ 2lGOp aetsi~ t~ ~ 1
Abbw.
A apeelal !fit !.t! prodUtt410 or
Ai+?a
xaDajedla 01102,aTJL44 bra! taw Stan ttgt to FATR A U
Arom .thw eh"Lftl riy a. Breda aim soon so
a as
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
Lad~ats~
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
?il-
Aw !IMl~las ilie p rulbsr aro
s* lisli! !m I a $ *a aM in s11Ng, hot" on
s asr lolep tarot. TIC CaN1,~ o 1
bw a 1s Watilisa aN iU *p~'two shs*)4 be
flat. in tho fisot YOM aftor the bird Car I, tto ate..
sisal lmr"rl- MW ENLtw oawaltsatot Lt bat #s
a i. i ! i- to sum" it Mltt the ? w
9w 1 1000 mme ataatrie iSsss. At peosoat, 0s show""
i+ wli iw M _ art maw tla4itjMai
ashen" - sa rosi+or o! > ? , all sox: aorthos am
IMt't M -!s, aM sIwe~ t1'+Mlioa ~n ate,
r?i i Cwre~ ~ll- urea all *opens s, .
Mara* lMest~rlr aM MpotlaW "W a?tioa of
? Ow
rlari wle.e is oasploty,~, lsotir. !!loco
~ ase~
at t'~ s !'ice aoau osospod sell~Na, hwe ~
as! bow wllw~s -SUM thq eoald to ids-
1""", aq- aro as$ tuft" in this sar"q-.
axilaiaa
t:Y
10 4w 40
p1 N of the Cssehoslosa~c SWANK jMnstx7 are, f,
s~ polat of ?ts,, a alatataro of prod,mw or t X10
Caoot l,~ti *M strsal M" oRt. fl,ll ?.Yrnsrr,194e the
1Ml1 iee~tri- ws a1.sst W !n private banes bu t
Its rtliaelallaatjM + r fb1loase the ?o1,rr sore d'otat.
Tho Mlld 10111"tii- VWMGKU oes or the asst sos-lor tiottls-
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
a* OR -
aeeks In Csaehoslevsk 66MA qr. sltlsa the ead at the wearU ?ar 11
it has ae-et !ally set the plamsd reQtslseMesrts is spite e1' 7
laber relaf rssMato is the fears of so-blued Team VWk
brieates. Tin aain ""am of this pheneaea~oa are the M srtase
of all. rollmop aaterlale atad or skilled wosloars. The IWPft Vu,
Plan overestimated the eapaeitp of baildiaR sadastr7- - there are
too am brat-tine pro$sta tablet emstratioa ail mw Onedmom
slawakia, especially eeastrastiaa of 4r, eleetrls pter'eet$, MA
factories of. all types.
l a i l d i a 6 i a d % s t r y - latiltstrlal eeaat~rretl~ea
-----------------
start ftoa MW lesser proJeets, iai~rtarlal terrstur eti~w
is .enteral is Ostrava rediea /bilesia/ atM in i ,Ilse resl+ea
/*"to= el+ la/. In both redier Ing* vial"
are being eewtraetsd tsgstbW wit-- -, halal areas. Jsat
Ostrava, .hear. the ss-.ailed "f1emmat Oettus34 a am INN~iILss
are be"m built, a 'eesiaiist eit7-' dwad be milt ut? la sees
twelve Years with abaft L00g000 1eia~itatits. dimg to
offioiai reports, the eosetsaetisa of -s=wirls. at RUM
as saW
/s.-.ailed resrttey Ce iaate - letaf ft s
sh tiid be ee~-letet Is l$55.
in cabovr- t ins aleee, abet tO,000,OSO wren Ws
wire eoeerivet t In a sigh vow %L1s3/ * welt Mrlr/es, F"
aslM~a Me
the eeastswtiea Is see then S .tea tdWUsd the
ill *s t.
?itaatiea w ia,ia a sm" saw"
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
? 947 r
0M *"etiNi Ot My, tUtaM"1i NM Oa p
pftjetw
ewe Muggy fr * it d.s1 ti~
Ord"* 4w ?
r b art~iw' Ame" Idth tbm laaq .ft ,.
ftaw Ia 3950 bare Met be.a tslt= e. lher, is
a or t it i-i4ea,* t % the ,.ts ,,M, oM~asa
pream of .w b...s
Msiawst~ plaWA been abet3y skmom *MAW t
tlsft?.
In both the !.s-Yrr -P1aut sad the f!r??rNS-Pisa, *ws11it
Construction hays bsrs ?wrtail d In l9atvs or ' adeh r' .ab
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80S01540R001100020004-9
40
soft bow ft. SSaI 3 r % 1864 S hmodft Ms~Nr.
wmbw at
Ml sd I *a Mt~,~- at - at !~
Sm. wiz to
Nt r tw ~t nrtrrt..
Mona
s~ S~r11~~ trt1~ /ls.s/ own w P~t1M 4t rsa
artlmi~r ~t 1~Mlt fart Ow last to I r s aM, t
Mary
>3a" ow i$ i aM 3 ;. Blom ail tea a
hw* hart "U"m t. 1t a!'S'f~tlri a
~rlttMt M a~ ~ at
MlarM with aaait , tea an saw
a
le a* 'w a. SMftiartt3W rtrtrstatl.
??$&Z" i
00!! !' AID PL* ?Aaf, 19S0 as 1993
lfi
l
f
- ? .~ w w w w
a.s. ?? art a-aaf3abl.
1*395.
M w w w
1~i9 1g494
19.a?.
a.ao
a.a.
---
a.a.
w w w
-e"4 49936
~ ~ i ' tiSatsrt, . asS w
-mum t =6, at
The afai q Mt rate PM an 1i
~t aeit to
Nr ate. 'i'!rr fa 19SO ab :z,,OOo ~iij mite
r
!a 1151 1'f,sss. ?fM 19St tanat Ma putt at 4S,Spp
40 a* am 1,0ww
1,1ii
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80S01540R001100020004-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80S01540R001100020004-9
W. U ?
but in the tint six months of the year asly 99690 its 1111111111104
been sonstrnstod. This figure itself is net fully x+ wM~ttiys
sines most broildir s are mslly sou lstod in the last IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIINOW
of the year, but it is alrao4 Awlemr that the tasgst snow %
be fully set. Dori the third glratar of 1952 ~l t is Ve
building industry dssresaoi I w tee paaraaat and a 9er400 >rherfs s
of building saterisla 41,wer to the strum at sgp1y fares heesii
to the IAOmtrial sesetrretios, so that it aw in Mtl-tat lath
fair degree sot nesuma that the 1953 target !4a9yso mile/ um
be hardly not a owe than Go passss>rl+r? ?SM? t. striswMitwa-
!? Md ty ibli?pwrMSi ~aiirtirp ssr s? tlsnzp is Stall ,
as prstelsm at t lMMM*rla1 - roU4111111110 maim pattWt
i+w- pstmM4 p3Melt Owosso am" raw wo V4 3m
pladwlibt o nos is s its sMlllli at atatiatiasl lNri~e s st
llrst pal" Is OisMus s~ V "W" all is dai3~
!mss %11% am .ill) NMfM? rr$ at go - flow" aw
pwirAM -. iM $W lL..s+~..r.ot d* ..s- wr..- .et d
ftfA@ --ft
be !M/" 1M4 actfat !las p sps m -
No %ssa Mud an was basis at rltdiM
~O s 0 ill ,w all 'is~ri M 3 NMNils to go
at ili. lSM?F111111
s Z his: p
0- 01
l11 M0/ t MMM. !~- r1- ps!assi .mttb. to MOO
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80SO154OR001100020004-9
_a..
aoe i at 5.7 paa~saat fa 1951 _ Al"auve
W 3l9q~
1as aerwesed. leit tlee awe at
p,MMss 11 s
ioawaad ft 1951 /s+a1atie s to 1919/ W lees wM i p Se .
It taw ofi isi lsvww wsr asteot, a 1~rp ea a
atoolpl3M or lrodata eeead be tweed ? 1_ t isr. an l
attisial reports satti the isssrasw
lw a sa11ot
at 1 pesrasl,j
shamw /its mw tenet oflieial ly t an aw sn o
1948/, but the, nowt i rtwt j1hwq in the .et or the last
retedm ma u tam ed in a separate law of March *19* 19No
a lordiai to wbieh 'a11 asrisu1twral d shall bat to the.
whs till it.' BY this law all land b oagPing to people 1111111110
'did not till 1t' ahemselyse were either taken evw b the State
/for small ooipsnsetioe/ erg mwe oftape, essfiaeatet. Ths?e are
no reliable f1gwee ahiob would show the area of land them
acquired by the State or allotted to asriewltt al w ess and
small farmers - figures of Caoohoelowak official reports sreat1
differ. It mipr be estimated that the state Pares wre estab11ah
on apmzi.ately 75-90 percent of all land aequiled* the last
having been allotted to individuals.
BY this alter-lsrraaslr Otage of land reform, the Oda
drive rm soelaliaatlea of Cseeheelo rao~ k agrisaltart we
lawiehs 0
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80S01540R001100020004-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/06/14: CIA-RDP80S01540R001100020004-9
e??ialisatiau
~tlrs ssssali~atiea ~! Ctteelws3+os~ .git~dre
them tda peels ? ?at'~aaallaatien mlt tiVialatiea?
Iatioas1iaatiea
---------------
?sod stead PmVW%V a tossed 1 tie state is OW
land sst a lira, So basis of OW alati+rriiaN ap tare
state Flares. But the total area of State Farms is steadi1i
in~easiaag In spite of the fast that the and "rem ems
tteo?-tt+se1] ooa+sotsd, the ieaseSM being ssBSed by era-
liseattsa of property of the se-eai1ad ' i 3rso~oldea $ -
isa~~+sats Griot asoal17 air than 37 sees at land. Us"
'"big landbadezsO a r e ie lot allowd to solo the
1~itora Assindtwmai OSSpmatLVes =4 elm* fte we_ to
at the state tipea their paredostion are .xtrw]y hl r these
fasons shear sew t1se i shabby dell for peaseoutien based
on Oast lglfMi* the state retnls 10%1 usually fMllMred
* drat and eoatsseatlea of all prepearty.
!!N limit of 37 scares has net been set by law sad is
tee 3y a pel.itisal Ntmlia ee In wrtala iirt.zrw a tarmm
with sables area of land than 37 asIN are m t allemd to $3n
the C.Sp.IStIV* wreaatt ea the sremd that 'they area aplsi-
taally, enemies of saciaUamO, in other Imtanees Now
ftnwm ba" been allaeod to Join. The OO /Gated land and
parssperly of these people are SON SUM given to the leeal
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- to -
Unit ore ABrieuitural Ce5psaratiw, b" tha7 "lima bees
the property of the Atate and are aMei to the a sst Itats
Fare. Ceo~egwetly the Mae"* of the state P1a * awe
she= In the Table 30 aM Chart Ir ie pertly ale. the ve-
lure of peseseutiara of laiir-idi fiats s. /'his WAS trw
es inl y for years 1950,01951, aai 1952,1 when the 3 $M rellmA
almost reached Its sas;plation./
?AE LE 10
Dec. 1947'
June 1948
Dec. 1948
June 1949
Dec. 1949
June 1950
Dee.. 1950
June 1951
Dec. 1951
Juns 1952
Dec. 1952
LATH KOLDIIC OF TTT SOCIALIZED STCTOR9 1947 - 1952
acreage and peicentagt of total s lmatur I l
1,-,494 8,.d
1,615,741. 8I
1,838,2
1,8 005"
2,061 3 ti' ,-iL
V.A.Coi$ rat vres
TM to" ~ag riavlttlt+rl law SaelvIet laM oulm" to
dbl=~ !BMW f1a11 _ aid us ~lII~
s
~ b a1~d pastas M , s
!fit town , W- MA tar MnMse
awe - au I ps of MO S ri r at s ? *+MIM
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m W. "D
Dot of LM 8O?DZMs or TEE 6OC=4LILw 66CTORS &947 495z
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a- W 40
Ce11sstivisatioR.
The real bo"iMiad of sollstiviaatisn of C~s s1s.rlt
adrlindtwo was the land refteng ?32,23Y the sss>,alp S r-
eo13rstivisatioa began on !"sW 7 $S S, +tisn go 1lsRl~srri
Assembly pass" the lawn an VMIRWs Agv ilsft~l N1&-i1+ss.
By this law individstt-i tar s was slimmed /rather gad/ to
tern VAilbra Atrioultuml Coipes+ativss on the balls that Is
SUM village or. .Silt? may be tasnad only sna NW the asU-
vity of wihiah out not .muss the borders at the v&ii+ys /W
oe~a~ooity/. TM Govsriasnt rsprosontatives often stress that
part of the taw which says that the Coispomtivss dwU be
Corned on vol - beslrs. As briefly tM2ont.l in the }less.
direr para"sph on na 1094 the 06102080"
in finding other neaswtps two one arder hew to Sirs. Inavto.
final farmers to lire or 3ast1 UAC's.
hila aep' individmalu worm= farmer ony be arrested and
have his entire property easth eatod for not tnlfilitab his
cultivation and production quotas, the saw!gn to !antes s.
tarsus to join the UAC no-sa nt received support !ro stag
sents that emits of UAC wov d not be held indtvidsiiy respeft-
sible. Irwreasieg assistanss to Celpotrstives etas alas pr raised
through the Stats?cwed state IitehLMry stations /disw~ssed in
next paragraylb enter the leading lisobanisatiaq/w ahlsh ttw >rweit
for small individml farmers only AM there is se dstesd Stir
work from UAC or a tste Fares t and vh4ob twat aar murk slur
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N-caned "blg Iat~dho1darsdV? Fuu'themore, the bulk b VIM
q otae preearibsd by the 'tate are much higher for iMividc*l
farmers than !br VAC or rtate Farms. In the atnosphere of
arrests and canf1scatiaos arty talk of voltftnry basis' of
UAC sMberehip is but propaganda or rather froalY.
C o l l e e t i v i z a t i o r. ?.
org~`~t2.1Y.~t3.~ut Mr~d d+~nr~elanAent
he foundation of, a Cnifo,? r rgr1 1tural Co3,erative is
set by form.1rz a F'raparatory Co. mgtteh. '7 =ae 73'a tratory Cotaltteo
may be J'oined y ai;y landtolder, but after its f'or:aation a Gorern_
awantal approval issued throe a s ,axial ad oy is requlred.
This system should prevent the 'bid laiuBioldurs' to form a UAC
or to join it. After the approval is grantad, t s iniform
Agricultural Co$perative a' be fornied arxf begin its activity.
UAC - type I. The activity of the ?7.,C of t2-.E tyro I is
?fnsidered the lowest and least socL .I. t st forw of ;;,gricultural
work. The fawners taking pert In 11,&.r I stll L on their
small fields, the only dii'ferawe bal-1 t" torn ~;:; o_'ganisation
of r.o.? : and common use f all n4c4':1ne . ar too1c. ,'he itldividunj
ay depends on the acreage of Ilelcis brow i- t to tie UAC.
TIAC - type II. The shift from ';4C I to "" C 'I is net so
important oeorzomleally ns pOl!ticrll- . "'hr- erg ste? of economic
rmanagemont re,nains tho 2-, a$ {r: .,,r 2i 'r ?'.~ tc1v :I awning
still depend on 4ereage of the in-ivi? ,I "ut the small
fields are united into large r-n`;s, fit}:. no r. iage;. i'hile the land
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Of each PIMA!" br~,;z -ht to t-~o Ccx er+o,t fvv rc~ 1ns in
ty-~3s Of an focr
r.C *ti.w ~.IYI!'~'1(1,ltL?. nr ~ne,,ty= ,n t:ho '':1C Iii for the
first ~-.
firsc) 1t3 To 1or 0g1 j!-r ns :?.A cr'1lIBx' n
,? P land
Af'
In.r,-o f161,13, ''1nJy Isis fI
shr~r, on s:ha ~n~:~+^?o t~ naneL..Z
n! c~ - ;,^. iz3 still !enrn1!aoTiv~t " on his
L` -C t~: _ e U r
- . ? r.- re 4:re two Sal n features dSet
-`~ t>~;uidhit~g
UAC III h" UAC II, a/ in the typo I1I the snicml production
is collectivized, Each n er is eXpected to bring collective staDlas* b/ The ~ his li?gtoQlt
lndi~ridual earrdjV of each ee"ber
is only partly dependent on his share of P'*part
buts for the amain i in the U4C~
part, he is paid o iy for a-n
'work on ool1ectiv~r fields. ?~t of his p~
GAP - type` iP. ?'lr*;jo ,r
_.., oy Leh individual member depenJ onl
or. ::h? ar'1o11ni: or hip x y,
works all erOrs and animal pro tots using
co:~^or "r~rc.rty, cra ors fixed norms for
to be - , Bch type of Work
tens. Ti,,, total :z.ot{rt of tsc?r
. k '!$ r..ntmtecl in ""1.sboz~..
_ tR~c~ ~L'"!-tctn2 Of Esxl IaAnr_ n ~~.
u its r?prONOnts the net s
~, f the "'UAoratlve Wirt
each 'Thor is raid aCCCW4
~:hF:rte oP labor-units. "here arc two W to tiffs
rriae3evela P~ ~ Fro-
ducts soil: low ''ricea for products req'd
h icher ,.; by the fiats quotas g
..ass for Pz''oducta sold after tt e
baps: ftilPi2led. In UAC Prsesribed gtn
the hrimr loSWW hta lit gontaat
with his land and 11vestoeJ. The 0otrrrj3Rent srPr
art
~
stress that thebels eeentati~
P siltYJxW sftbeUAC13vaMtWy
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and that throughout all fo x.' types of - "A" t-'10 land re.-aim
indivi m1 prcperty. _#
,t the same tine each faraer knema that
if he wanted to beeome an individually ~t+c : In farmer again,
he would be soon arrested and his property confiscated, or,
at least, he would be breed to sell all his 1in1 and liveatook
to the Cooperative for an increlibly Zoe trice.
E aeh member or a x"Ar ray kvmr "ell ac
~-Y a acreage o
land as his private pray erty, Usually a p'. a r.Q lard adjoining
his house, but not bigger than about 1.2 acres.
The table /?Io.l0,paago 74/ and its graphic presentation
/Chart IV9 page 75/ show the gray of socialised sector of
Czechoslovak agriculture as a whole and of its two
pis /State
Fares and W1C/ sepapate],y, in temp of acreage and/or pere.ntage
of total agrienltMlal Ian. The table represents a ooapilation
of figures menti.tnd by Czechoslovak Co et reprox.ntatives
or by the Cseehoslarak press threuo;lt the pa9t three years.
g e e h a n i s a t i o n
- - - - - - -
Alter Fsbr ary,194c, aeahanisfttior of Czechoslonk agri-
eulture has b.eoea, to a largo extent, or:e of the w.apor of
saeialiaetisn and e.os.gnontly is disgorged anger the oommm
b.Mii or $ereialisation.
38ro? the Weald trap 11 Most of the . ieultural rehinery
to lAdividt lh sn with an a daporrtant option of
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a few firms using agricultural neehinery an eomserelal basis
- letting them to small landholders for speelfie tasks or for
lirrtited periods of time.
First steps to nationalise agricultural machinery were
made in years 1145.47, when the ftate-confisoated land it
property belonging formerly either to expelled c-ermarsr or taku
over fro' i big 1L:ndholders under the now law on land reform
beca o the property of the r tote.
1.ut the wain drive for using agricultural saebsniaatien
as both the mean anti the end of sooialisatiai has been start"
a~'t?r 4'otuyuuz?y,l. v, by establishing an entirely now iastitu-
4d lee. "'taco-owned '.a e : chlner7 ~3tat1me / CIr' also kn
err -:ac}:inery t Tractor rtations,', which operate on purely
cu ~:zc3rcial basis. The Uniform Agricultural Codperatiws in
ant of machinery can hire naohinery 'end by SW- together with
E -o ployed operators. But, according to a Governmental order,
ti.:; =? ~~" newt not ; .,.ve t1.cir services to the so-Balled ~b1g
landliolciers / viUag;e bourgeois'/ and they dust charge lower
rates to UA' than to s nU tnc3ivi4imlty vorktng farmers.
Table 11 shows the grow of vochanisation in tractors and
b+ nders rvgardlese ownership,nn4 separately the increase In
n1 abor of tractors and binders owned by the !?F. /page 8l./
'hsibcr of 8ovnbines owned by the rV r.ny be estimated
at 400, of threshing madhines &t 8000-900A. The
comparatively low number of threshing machine owned by the So
cam be explalnad by tfW fact that a rya ;ority of Uniftrm Agri-
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!tot al u,.. 11tH twas NI tatssAigt rshiass
1re~1t! 1s u a prspery- at sew if tb. MIMbMO
TADL2 11
TRACTORS ADD BI1mRR ; total and in M:' ownership,1937,1949,1952
1937
Dec.
tractors
1949
Dec.
1952
June
1937
Dec.
binders
1949
Dec.
1952.
June
total number of units
8,200
' 27,000,
31,000
13,400,
31,000;
40,000
acreage of agricul-
turd land per. unit
2,411
688
605
1,475
59911
469
owned by the 80#
number of units
0
5,200:
8,100
0
29600'
9,400
percent of total
0
19.26:
26.13
0;
8.39,
23.50
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P r o d u c t i o n
Czechoslovak vegetable produotlen has wederwent after
February,194t3, a remarkable change as a result of dov er sntal
tendency to increase animal production. $etore the World war II
Caeehoslouakia me - at least in the last decade - almost
completely welt-eufficiunt is principal vegoUble proa g and
at some periods even exported small aiio mta of broad and teed
grains /apart from traditiaeri heavy exports of beet sugar/9
The over-all animal production has aiwdrs been belw, vegetable
production. In 1937 plates were laid tw iasreased production or
meat and milk and for slow tratesformatien of Cseehoslovak sgri-
culture toward animal production. These plow were
iaterraptea
by the World War II.
The Cernntst OSWO31rsett does it MUM these plates,
even when its objective is similar. While it vats to have the
animal production las"essed as quickly as possibls, it also
attempts to increase the product Len of certain crops, which can
be easily and profitably eaochatig 1 in Iatpiatiomal trade,
espeelally sggar beets, brpsO and on seeds. In awesal reae-
battien. passed sitwe ?ebryary,3948, the has germ"
ineentives for laeseasel production of these psoduau.
Csmretnsntl- the acreage or grains is esatlarraily balm
lesseewd. The OsMereett went. to tip the leersaso In age
by pral+Mttieet per anre Able .aialy by iatrddra
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Bwiet setts of seeds and Soviet a.thods of eultivatios/,
but there is no reliable ?widone? to hft? its suosess .
G.a.5al Z the oharaeter of Csoohoslovak agri?ulturs
is ?eatisl &W being ?hasg d to swpsod Cs?ehoslovakia's
pesiti a in the Bowl et bls. - siw? the Soviet Union is one
or the wsrld's loading . grrt.e of graiasg the Cs?ehoslovak
Gerera_st pests awe stress upon produstiaa of other props
aM apoa s sirl peodsetIm spositieally. By this now organi-
satiet of agrleuitural pr~iw Cs ehesiwakia beoones
awe and awe k; adnt an Bwlet lbedstuffs.
??g?tabl? pr?d??tleft - brwdgralns
The llelloris1 table /Nee 12 9 pang. e4/ sheers the pre-
dwtiaas Of ilerad grains in Ca sheslovakia before the war
am altm twit sestesStiew of agrieul tore free darge? ?aus?d
bf the Mid war no The fsguses gives fsi postwar years,
at their seswe, ahead net be rtdxy trustee. s ins?
the lisle statistieal Loyd des sit publish the results of
agrl_itu s1 prvdwttiaar with des dotal" and ?asparisews,
ci?t s'Nsw.?Rstives t!" ten us-e these n6wes
ad p idasw 1* PnMpsMa psepes s. As an oxasple my be
used Prosil t Oettwai?'a sepert to the Central tt-itt?e of
the v...r sat tart of Cs es1Mra"aw ihile the total bread.
gxaim prMrMttl~e~s wrs give. /1949/ are 3,1,Ooo abeam tai,
Orrltwi+t stn t. at obis pLiee that the MO preftetia s at ahsst
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T A B L R 12
BREAD GRAINS PRODUCTION; annually; 1135-3:9 average, 1948,1'j4y,1950,1c151.
Wheat
Rye
Bread Grains Total
acreage
1,000 acr
production
es 1,000
bushels
bushels
per acre
acreage
1,000 acres
production
1,000
bushels
bushels
per acre
production
1,000
short tons
pounds
per
capita
--3a
2,158
57,323
26.57
2,374
62,078
26.15
3,458
467.3
.948a
2,147
52,000
24.22
1,796
44,000
24.50
2,646
457.7
.949a{j
2,050
57,000
27.80
1,790
51,000
28.49
3,138
510.2
.950b
n.a.
52,443
n.a.
n.a.
44,780
n.a.
2,827
456.0
.951c
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
2,756
440.9
bushel wheat - 60 pounds; bushel rye - 56 pounds ? conversion factors used by the U..F. Depart-
ment of Agriculture.
not available
a - A~eeee~dieK to the ASrtenlttaal Statistics, psblishsd 1W the U.8. of Agriattwo?
b - Aes-m- dind to aottaam 0a "psi t to the CCstral Corittoo of the Ce iat Path.
e - Bstl to Dasod m a 1 sa1 wt snso rsleaad by tAs Casomelwat Stato $tatist1 1 Bid
in the ldrn or pesoont 1 es~sisaao with the prwiar years.
Q - eesoptiowl3y far+aablo wathsr o0Y/itiOOs
2
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- q -
w u a pass" ant of we 39.9 pss'scst 3aw than that of
1949. i'hIs ward ass ti the 1990 pared ties of head
prlY a about 1007,000 dWift 1 . L the : rOpea t,
/to the CNtM1 06molttoo/, emu a frw ai tss later, Gottwald
gi~r~es the total figure tlw- 1950 W..d pains pr dashes as
11400,000 "art tons. TIOW all as figureo given b0' the
Quist rowaresoatatives have to be .eopasod with sash other
ant several psreelategi me sstisatss mote lb the Net
rsllabi~ was - the resvmlting possible at. of orrer is about
5 persist.
While the past! dosiease in based grains prod t1en
Per capita - .spas. to pear. - is not very signili-
east, this is a -vb% to point in it. Blase 1947-48 Cno-
shos3owshla lm a is based grain. fires R sala at the rat* of
about 041,000 shirt tews aaaaslly apart lyres smaller imperts
live Other countries. The Com^mmaist isprssontatives attempt
to aeesueR tlsr this bee" import of broad grains by therwod
Ocmasu+tien, but the a~railabi. statistical widsaso shows that
eagle the actual broad grains wmsvmmptien per capita lasseasod
/1937 a L00 polocnt/ lq- about 7 - s psrsent, the bread grains
rsssrl.rss /predaetios pins Imports/ per capita insreuod in
1951 /rolativo to 1937/ br appa'oxInsto1r 20 - 22 persent.
They. are two possible szpiaaatisns of this p!>teaosenon,
but, at the .ace tivme, there is not iuffielent statistical
s~rid e.. to slow the Ow properties of each of this.
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a/ Before the World war J1 almost all bread grains
prodneod were sold by farmers to the Stato?--- or private
distributing agencies. 81noe 1948 /no evidonoo for 1945,1946,
and 1947/ a big percentage of broad grains pi oduod in a given
year has not entered the usual distribution obaanols, and leas
been used or purchased by farmers as seal grains. This pheno.
xenon itself is a result of a whsle set of Mires. The Host
important are*
1. The turners asst net sell their livestask sine they
would not be able to fulfil their quotas of animal pro.
ducts. At the same time, sines the feed gralno ass
soared and hard to be obtained espesiallyr by i-dividually
working tams, some supplementary teediig stuff nest
be found.
2. The prioos of bread grajM and teed gMbW are sot
differentiated ewgh to prevent using bread grains gtr
feeding purposes. At present the OoiVw wMint is alrbjo
to ebatgs than bread grsias prices Sumer be raised
as they have already resebed their sage , isvsl, feed
grains are too seam and ooasogusatiy the prises eaanot
be seduced.
?. orrarai shortage of flood !hides oily dosliag s to same
IV the ihertage by keeping their ow poult", rabbits, and
otd sell salamis ei' their ow. As trading atuff ?laly
bread 8nIn, rrsehd" duress aria b1seh Mwk4% are Med.
Sines we y Individual tapes a tlvei~j- -W& Motu aww"
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of breed ""Mt the Prises asked for b0r terser. are high,
ofta'* sari than 300 persist of the.e paid by the 4tato.
deosMiss to President Gottwald 'a report to the Central
Cossittoe of the Coseainist Party about 670,000 short totem
of bread grains re Hoed in 1950 an fend grains. /4'hese
f 709000 short tops repass. almost 24 percent of 1950
total predeoties of breed grains and more than anmel
broad grain Isparta free the Soviet, !!um./ Oettwald'a
fart whm simpered with other si,, is greatly
to& for poopasande pm poses i to i nd"se t
osstr 111n g state ag.i*Las to duenesse their eflbtto in
.oa messes at 1Y1videell)r werklos farmers r w hidden
bread gums stooksp and to rind oxavseo for aware ft-
of breed, flow, and 1akory.
'/ The eased oay1anatin is O'o sri, in CsW. Nt
bials%W P34 0W Weard. / D"A D JII9JannaW 1,1952/i
w1a 195* t lire the Bret tine sissy the World War III war-time
ftedwUw of I as well of Im see" Idu be
flats M In ardor to redse, the defines Potential of the . o w*rT...
Thole Ia ,rids eo at bd PeNwittin 1 to foe the hypothesis that
wen ftr 1m the Beelelw~lt BIOrrd np atoftllo. in edeanee,
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fegetabie p r o 4 u e t 1 e a IM reed grains
As far as fad grains productiea is eeasoroet, a sessLbie
evid.nse is not sufficient to present a esqa"* MOW** so
figures for 1951 were released emaept for percentages whieh
oagnnot be used sine they are based an doubtful sourOes. Con.?
sequently, in the following table /No.ll,, page 09/ only enk
figures have been used trhish could be shocked by other evitenso,
doubtful figures for 1951 being completely omitted. The total
1951 production of barley and eats cam be estimated as about
the same as that of 1950. Nevertheless, also the produstiea
of barley and oats shows a deers asdng tend nay, The somewhat
high.r produstian in 1949 log when compared with the aeeeage,
rather iasidental - weather coaditiens in 1949 were @=a*
favorable.
Czechoslovakia imports about 4609000 short tons of
barley fodderv oats and other feed grains anavtally, most of
them from the Soviet (btion.
mane the Czeehoslovak prod=ti= of barley is high
above the world average /based on populatian basis/r imparts
of barley may seers smeoessary. The explanatiatn lies in high
barley-mslt egorts to tt:e western beer producing eoumtrLM.
Barley 1 ported from the ''oviet iTnion is of low quality and can
be used only as fbdder?
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TAN LE 13
719D 01AIx8
barley
Oats
cam
.steme
promotion
7is1U
reage
production
yield
""age
production
71.14
pas sara
per acre
par sera
7.000
in 1000
in
in 1000
1s 1000
in
in 1000
in 1000
in
asses
b s .ls
bosh is
sores
% umbels
Umbels
acres
busbsl s
bushels
1935-39 a
1,600
51,800
32.37
1,828
85,131
46.57
395
11,300
28.6
1948
1,450
42,500
29.31
1,511
629500
41.36
373
12,053
32.3
1949
1,425
509000
35.06
1,421
699000
48.56
380
12,00
.39 09
.a0
50 350
a.a.
visa .
58167
n.a0
n.&.
a.&.
n.a*
a/ ammi .tarns.
a.aa - not available
3
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Vegetable product ion - srgarbeetsed
bert avou
"'ugar beets production has always been ens of the
strongholds of Creohoslo, agriculture and, sinew 19489 its
importance has even increased.
Slaee all sugar bests p G Uwak SVPS~w
culture are locally etnred is sugar, the saps t. of
this section of Caoehosloak v stabire predvotien bseeuu
sore obvious 1w disovssiag prodmien or sppr beets and beet
sugar tegsthw. Sure is no sugar esso prod"W in Csesbssle-
vak3a.
The following table /R..14/ spew the Cssiesiws~c
production of sugar beets a d beet sugar, tsgetbs dth pre.
duotton and va~o~susptien per espita,*
T A B L B 14
SUGAR BESTS MID BUT SWAR, PRODUCTION
1937 - 1950
sugar beets
beet sugar
#ar Production
n production a conauoptIan b
short t
acre
.
s
lsh9 tepr acre 1e IAII.h . _ Tpouods
pads -
X1937-390
383
4,468
11.67
715
96
6
0
324 d
44.1 d
1948
430
4,191
9074
699
114.6
305
5000
1949
478
4,096
8057
690
112 02
339
55.1
1950
531
59734 a
10.80
970
156-5
369
59.5
a - raw value b - refined sugar. 0 - , aaatsrl average
d - 1937 only e - according to Gottwald's report to the Central
Catittes of the Party
A11 principal figures from varies Czeehoslorak and foreign some i
rechecked in the 19sl rena,?+ s* 4-u- we a .. - - - -
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The 1950 Cssehosloak production of best sugar reprsen-
tod about ens tenth of total B'u n sugar production, and moors
than WIG third of total 1950 prod ction of sugar /bset and eons
sugar toggthes/ in the tbdted Stetas. No figure for 1951 are
available, but the Cssoh oslarsk produotim of sugar may be ssti-
metod at about 1,100,000 start tow idth local oonsucption only
vary slightly in reassd, and the year 1952 probably means
further iaaroase in prodmstlen in the sums proportion as 1950 -
1951, with almost me Shange in legal eorumption.
Csahoslorak official reports on foreign trade tail to
show the amts of sugar exported, use they usually ..it
the here. for the U.r.r.R. and its satellites, but the surplus
/prowtim loos ovesnrption lass exports/, probably stone! up
as wok-flees stockpile, say be estimated at about 30,000 short
toss anauoslly. At the ?eggs Xntamm%tionai Trade Conferswo
/Apr11 1952/ Cseehoslooakia offered to export to the rest sugar
valued at 52,000,000 U.d? dollars.
The Cseeo?losak Depastmu~ o f AgsisultuVe urges the
t ass to uto SO VI" methods et snap beets saltivatieun. The
sial plan Of sugar busts yield Per Oafs in 1952 was 15.4
short turf /bee. yield per acre is 1941 was 14.58/, but there
is ae wows o-aiabCle as to it fel tiilrunt. CseoAoslowak
r*' ~ OUSr that the yita per we eta be iwuss.d,
io? the h'u't methods at sudtivatious we used, up to 70 short
t , 1oe all bheee punt soot estimates are not likely to attest
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vuch the Csechoslovak sugar beets production.
t'.'hile the primary consideration of the Czechoslovak
Government was to increase sugar beets production as a cures
of profitable exports, it also utilised the by-products as an
additional source of forage helpful in the new program of
increased an:tTal production.
V egetable product ion - hops
Mops is tie second Czechoslovak agricultural producta
important in export, either in its raw form or as beer. No
figures concerning hops production and international trade
are available. Together with the well-developed production
of -rialto hops is a basis of large beer industry. At present
most of Czechoslovak hops and beer exports go to the western
.'srope aril tho Gnited 'tateso
she remaining vegetable products of Czechoslovak agricul-
ture are in their importance far behind the four sorts discussed
above. Production of some of there presents remarkable features,
h?tt a tno-'letgijod discus41on would rather srnli the over-all
nnictiue of Czechn lovak agriculture; in addition to this, the
stntistlcal evidence for other vegetable products is either
comnigtely ri!sing or -umeliablp.
a^in'ants of ? otatoes Are exported .very year to
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-93 -
neighboring countries, but the production of potatoes itself
is not fully sufficient for Csechoslo-ak needs - potatoes are
rationed and there are no indications of rroduction increase
in near rftur+? During the opening months of 195.e, there were
practically no potatoes on the market and most eonsuers get
less than one third of their rations.
se'v. a1 plants new to Czechoslovak agriculture have been
introduced in recent years, especially plants rich in oil-sepe
such as peanut and abutilon, and other plants usually found in
warm ellmates, such as rice and kok-eaghys /a oaoutchouc
yielding plant of the dandelion family, introduced from Pussia/.
From all mrm-climate plants groin in Czechoslovakia only
tobacco is of practical importance; locally produced tobacco
covers about 50 percent of Czecnoslaoak consumption /34 percent
in 1950, 40 percent in 1,51/.
Animal product icon
%inee !"abr?,ucry,l.4 , the rzechoslo% :k Covernnient passed
several resolutions 'urging inaroasod ani-r.l production; the most
important of all of th?q Is the lt~ t onft issued Jointly by the
Central Corriittea of the Corr a Ii:: t arty and by the Cabinet on
February 5,l95;t. In this resolution f,,trrje"a re blamed for not
f.ilfillin ; their delivery c rotas O' ie ;/an naturally also
for t E.e 710 FA rations rediierl c,n1 :-,,oat pr .z,09 rte, ate/ and now,
high plains raro sot t:ecor-i i tag ;c, t ?cal t, .f ; :t of livestock
~j.'b1t10 be 7 -
n tr {?.~~,4 19584100090 0C)
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arovT,3 "')"10s, , `
I ,.,, . . dellar3/ waro ascribed for
i'reprovement
of an's.- I ~~Oluctlon00
hen trying to oori,ile statistics of Czechoslovak animal
? rodacticxi, I have encountered the same difficulties which
`i.>:~ ei? 3 t=.e w:)rk of the .' . Office of corolgn Agricultural
ark 'oreign ; erviae officers - the
zeQhoslo-
is axtrertaly ca: eful not to disclose any repro..
-Muetihn. ;ore the in any other
ti-t _tt h Gil' J~ it tzjes - la resncct to animal production ..
)' il, Pay cent"ges based oti un eleased f'igurea u;
~ psraerrtages
or, Cio.i~)ti:ll crigin. 'artain a nouwt: 017 ' nformAtion concerning
i c:: ~~? ,~:t ,o: l tr:idu fn aid-na1 rn'o 1uets can be obtained abroad.
TAB L;: 15
MEAT AND BUTTER, IMPORT AND EXPORT
in 1000 pounds
meat
butter
import a e ort b'net o ort a ex ort b n
1934-38c 5,275. 637 .- .....4,636 1,918 754
3,9164
1948 55,900 2, 55,898 7,431 /d/
1 59,000 1 500 579500
8 002
a/ Based on A OltS
ase4 from ?Ltj11'l13-i11R eo mtrj s !'epnrtins sxp'orts by
t.,' P' t it ports into reeely ! rg esottntrie? report 111 rta
Cis ! luj!.~? average
d/ :.lope he countries reeseiyi C oare sislee
1 :4?;, emn trial of tie c-~-iet bloc,theo Czectoslev&k G~ovrtrnorat
suope~eeied in witholdins all inforaation eoneem[
butter exrorts. Tile ma reason for this is Pro butt"
is sewerejy rationed and pertain lentN ro and
are aithoaa any butter rations,. Brows o popu stf
exported are l to be erthelee3sq amognts of better
Lfir,*,orts. small - about 5 percent of butter
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According to Czechoslovak representatives' statenents,
meat and butter imports /net/ in subsequent years '1`;~5C,1:j51,
and 195;e/ reached a record level. "Ince there rn s t n 1-4" and
1949 some additional 1' -ort of "eet frc" ".ngary, rig ur for
meat in Table 15 shoull be still slightly higher.
To a certain degree the `fable 15 exulains why the Cze-
choslovak Government wants to increase animal production. For
better understanding of the postwar decrease of meat and butter
production it should be noted that 1950 consumption of meat and
butter increased only slightly ester, compared with 1937, while
there were in ti at year some 15,000,000 of inhabitants / almost
),0009000 more than in 19510/. Czechoslovak nron*ganda often
puts the rate of most and butter eonsu*,tior increase as lea - 2G
percent per capita relative to prewar years, but these figures
were formd complete fabrications. There was sago tncroacn, but
its aver-all heigth is insignificant.
a'he governmental resolution of February 591954, also
states wight-limits of live weight of livestock for slaughter
as well as timber of offspring per unit of stalled livestock,
apart from several other directions concerning organisation of
animal production.. main stress is put on animal production in
State Farms and t1tifor}n Agricultural Codperetives III and IV.
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-
FOREIGN TRADE
Before February, 194rs, there were about 1000 private
companies of importers and exporters in Czechoslovakia who -
controlled about two thirds of all imports and about one third
of exports. After the February coup d'etat, the Czechoslovak
foreign trade has been nationalized as a whole, and 29 special
:"tats Companies have been established to take care of the
foreign trade. These companies are joint-stock companies with
shares divided among ministries, national enterprises, and
sorretiraes also among Individual plants/
Value a n d Recent Trend s
`I here is not mach sense in studying the monetary value
of the Czechoslovak- foreign trade. Official figures can be
proved incorrect - and there is no accessible way to find the
correct ones since the exchange of goods and services between
Cz?cr,oslovakia and other satellite countries are a carefully
guarded secret.
Official reports for the years 1946 - 1949 show the
following picture of the Ceec'rroslavak foreign trade:
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TABLE 16
FOREIGN TRADE, ANNUAL VALUE; 1946 - 1949
in million U.f. dollars __
~..~M o ------ ~ ~ - -948 Z4
import
204.78
572.70
757.38
78? 98
export
286.90
572.18
753.06
806016
tat* value
491.68
1144.88
1510.44
1594.14
balance
82.12
-0.5,c
-4.3
lti.lo
According to these official figures the Czechoslovak
foreign trade seemed in 1946 to be active by tic pillinn
dollars. Yet in the import figure have not been included tle
JNRFA Imports which exceeded commercial imports in value.
But, should the official Czechoslovak report be co!Taared with
the reports of the Economic Section of the "united t'ations,
another serious discrepancy would appear - the }'1J report
sets the figure of Czechoslovak oow'tercial imports in ly4b at
311 million J.^. dollars, so that the Czechoslovak foreign
trade was passive by some 34 million dollars, not active by
d,2 -dllion as the official Czechoslovak report states. Firzilar
discrepancies can be found in the reports for following years,
even if they do not amount to tens of millions. "till other
differences appear also in Czecl.oslovak reports published
after a long period of time - Czechoslovak propagandists a,?e
not thorrugh enough to put their own fabrications into harrlony.
Consecuently any study of the monetary value of Czochoslo-
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vak foreign trade ould be highly unreliable.
r~ little more reliability can be found in a survey of
the distribution of Czechoslovak foreign trade between the
est a d the - ast - botr taker. as political, not geographical
ter'is. The following graph /Chart V/ shows the percentual
distribution rf the total volume of Czect+oslovak foreign trade
between ':ussia,wit.h all her satellites, and the renaining;
world. otal volume of the ('zechoslovak foreign trade for each
single year Is taken as 100 percent.
DISTRIBUTION OF THE TOTAL FOREIGN TRADE
EAST
VWT
1949 1950
EAST
paic.
BAST
p;gc.
There 1.s no need to go into all details of different
nolitieal and econornie pressures whieh have caused this decrease
in Czechoslovak trade with, the Vest. lfido-ibtedly the ban on
exnorts of strategic goods fry the Nest to the iron Curtain
countries has play a major part in this development, but,
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simultaneously, the : oviet bloc has also cat, undo-
djrections, its tra,e with the est.
"r * John C. Aorton /',Q45 to*~~ P 1~AA+r,r~ nw.
^r r- thr.. ? 9
7. `'. fepartrnent of C
rvmereA/ said eat the ~5t.h a^n?A1 ecvrvon-
tion of the lF xvort `18n4wers Club of '!IT", Vnrk or I.
rrl
that a now Concept of controlling exocrts has renlaced tY e
V: orld -.ar iI systen 01' y aintaining a naval. and n1litary block_arle.
As the restat of the policy, he seid, ex'"orts to Tror..
Curtain nations have dropped from IV) rnillinrn of dollars
ci arterly in 1547 to 0.1 r,eroent Of that qri i2nt In the fourth
quarter of 1951. The ea^1or nrcxluet cou tries of Astern
Europe, . Lorton oontin , now withhold ex"orts to the
F'u Asian bloc of aver J5 percent of the strategic goods vafi:ich
we ourselves embargo.
These stateaenta MAY be - and probably are - correct.
Yet the poeitien of Caochoslovakia, as a part of the oviet
bloc, in the foreign trade with the western countries is somewhat
special due to Csechoslcvrak tradition in western trade and to
her industry produplrAg ma y- goods wanted in the :est. Consequently
that drop in U?~: ? ~
exports to Iron Curtain countries, mentioned
by We J.C.horton, has not been proportionally to steep in
relation to Csechoslowakia alone.
When looked for, many a leakage in the ban on strategic
goods exports to Soviet bloc would be found in Czechoslovak trade.
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1 (,4,
?tl;':?s ti
cU ,
cent in
it, 1 _
c,f.al. l- ,)orts.
t irq n'
t.t rn ~: tI
r''' ht in
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- 161 -
stag:). -^11 15. 'r' ,
i Y,e "oviet ~'nion i.n clue eMnersti nn wit- her 9-'tp1 71tes
In nscrw.
'' , ??:~r 'e '.,fir to
J_"teI1t -
'C t
~. ~S' _ '~; .eutly Can] t}
.73.: z.13..11.VJ
V-J
r..-ca -,:oni'ereneo cl.,xl l:o't on re"'(-3t" nr-
r:.J t. ~ E t ! ?. f? l +Yr! C~!'t 1 r' - (+ f' f e
f?iir E)"fle r,g to Ts( ( nc~rk +'?s.J
Ott,-' ._.-: t,?
1.O
lYll c- j'N_'(? _ ? ! y i t r;
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Cr1. and col:e,
OffE3reri for
v!I. T... a c?~tz t ' ~'~ .Cy 'ets --In(] food-..
f. u .P , .~'('ase thei r?
a c.*f ors ii sort of rrod,icts
i' a -; Cze-
c,T !r Ywn a2co_znte
f rrcu~;h the 'ouoni1
;'I' 'I, I".S t - b3
n,:-(_. =!- uF-':, i'or enn3ent1a1
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t? ?
t of tiFe
v. ,) ef1e:a
t.erl :arcs.
iy w
c= z e e t, o: i o v a k ? o r e
o un t. r 1 a s
_trr1 f.`ree countries is by no Ra rs co,i,"']ete. .ti.e, 1rtcntion Is
to draw a rictur?' or rattier a rough outline, ~f ~rosent.
slovak foreign trade relations.
irL2cist::?~ ,prod_XLs, et:o
?..Z~tu-
ral j';'o; ,'. ct ,.
P. r C A Il t i. fl F'. Cze"0!",7.Mr'r- r n-,-- . , 7 jn " ,-,; ? ,,
V sir
"za1.n1y rrr,-i complete i- ta1?at1ons off' i^*~_.sc'?.:r: ri_artc, `'cols
ratal products, text it goods * newsprint q and glass. T'resentiy
Czechoslovakia is building ir, 'Irgen -ine one of tiT,o greatest
distilleries is the world.
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cc t,y' b ~,n~ ?,-e_ r ,'rcy -Ant c-n Jar-miry SL have
i11111c,
tlJil.l2 . ? x:;:il'Z, f:'... n-,-42'?-t1 -41s, `-L~{ar, ccal?
to
~~:,, y ' ,~~c a?fl'Jlii, f~ )r:i gn tr t , ' -1 i !; '1'~ti~'lU,fl
i
'n ' i_ f~i?1 by grc-ert
E3~?)1rt~"i t'7
].,
tl io oscow "ray Ze C onforence tLEa ^z?choslavak
~?es~~ .~,t~ i_:r: ;i ~1::~ r:~: i'~,.~ _ ~'' ` :'.,,1e ~~ t'~ ?r~ae,;' but no
` ?r
h:i h 3r1
?2?;-1','1 f. .~~ ri!'11:; rP
r prig 5
d 3n 'rau? r f
,F~~.~~. ,,..,,~,.*s t,. ?"11 f~ ?1R1 '"~A4!~`tnE~9 arul rtacthinery
i 1`e. ?' F^' .'`?31 `~ ::r"a ^t?t?tc,.,. i*? .~I~;t?'3.~1_ r i'o(iuct: ? Czech10-
,.,; tNrial s, ores, vegetable and
f -?. ,; / ,'. ,,~,3 ~r-k19 h'it's 'usually about 90OO metric
2 0t'
tA!c '1 :. .. .;-~~? :~, '?'~?E li to ':'' 'c'y~'`}t !ri rir: , .r ''ebruary
if1?~ 1;e ?tf};.'iU'r??37 1,4? at c:p7c: k, Y)O eo11arS
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t 'a t t~otlai,~r+s
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-105 -
C h 1 n a . The first trade agreement between Czechoslovakia
and China was signed in reiping in .nine 1950, the second also
in Peiping in June 1951. The last agreement providing for more
extensive trade was signed in rragus on July 15, 15d.
Czechoslovak export to Chinas machinery installations, lathes
and killing machines, steel products, tools, vehicles, ehent-
cals, tires, other industrial Products. Import from Chinas
Metal ores, wool, raw silk, leather and skins, vegetable oils,
tea, other raw-csaterial,s and agricultural nro-!'.2ets.
e n m a r k one-year agreement between Czechoslovakia aM
Denmark signed in Copenhagen In t: pril,1 5, ? The agreement rro-
vides for total trade turnover amounting to dollars t
with ,547,OGO of Czech slovak exports and dollars
of Czechoslovak i:riports. The major export items are (zr,choslovak
glass, textile rroiucts, vehicles, machines, tools, an other
"totals nrod'icts; the rtajor Import iteris are Danish c~.c~-~1.ca1 anal
farracentical products, fish and fish Products, Qrec1al Machi-
nory, and tools.
Total volune of Czech oslovak-?)anish forei; n traelp (ecrea-
sed in /relative to 1;4../ by almost 54, percent.
l`34,j -
dollars
l 5C -
d,)l1ars
l95l -
~,6;i,ro(.
o11ars
I jSt -
b,r; 4::~,O(
'nllars
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.Lk ,,; -
j' ' ixi -'afro, P-ovVies for Cze.
e; c?ts o ~: ;~~fi ,?ic tans of beet c;War valued
r:t~~?.t1s {f~1 a.ar 9 to be Oxc.anrc(t for cotton If same
wit" )rjZ~atjor' granted to t le ~^zochoslovak
;,?,?~? }r'-It to h', co?t t,3ti an ; y tine free -1a.rket. ,.ccording to
ort: on os x ovt.i,?taI tel.1I I ! nago III /published
- "-?'?j t:t,ee for a 're e lt.f
'o n j, caw Y(irk/, Egypt
.,.~c c% s?3a to tnzi1 In ?yr,t two a,'-i factories for
-is- ? - I'd :tr:is acid -,uniti n. he report states that
f
irn t?efers or ?o