PLAN FOR CONDUCTING PSYCHOLOGICAL OPERATIONS DURING GENERAL HOSTILITIES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80R01731R003200010019-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 15
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 8, 2005
• Sequence Number: 19
• Publication Date: January 1, 1952
• Content Type: OUTLINE

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A I' ' E N 7) I X
Akjlj,~- V
PLAN FOR CONDUCTT_'NG PSYCHOLOGICAL OPERATIONS
during
GhTE-'I AL H
(Code Naji-,e :
Referv.;-:ce: (a) Presidential Secret Directive of 4 April 1-951
Establishing a Psychological Strategy Board
f 1~}-
pp e ee -Fle
-eP-eeyelie+egie:tl-Strategy-BearA
x e e -+
1r~5
Pres aent etl-B Beet ve:-
e
b
NSC
1.0/2.
d
c
NFSC
10/5.
4e
d
NSC
20,/4.
j) NSC 59/1.
kr~elasxet--t -Sexy-eP-e?e~eee-~}:
~2-4;epy-e- efee~iee-ft}=
I.- MISS
''o conduct p,;ycholo ;ic^l operations in pursuance of prescrib-
ed Llat ionc~l objectives during general hostilities.
II. DF;I'INITTONS
V:i.thin the purview of this plan the following definitions
shall apply:
PSYCHOLOGICAL OPERATIONS: Shall include all activities
(other than overt type; of economic warfare) envisioned under
USC 59/1 and 10/2. See- ~e?e~e~.ees- f ?~-~?19E~-~t~T
ree ve-ems-c a?er~s ve9-~t~~ettRet-t9-Fri-ass4-tned-r issuer., -Ind
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Appendix
NSC review(s) completed.
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b. THEATER OF WARS That area of land, sea and air which is,
or may become involved directly in the operations of war.
REASON: The term "theater of war" is more realistic and
acceptable for operations conceived under NSC 10/2 and
NSC 59/1.
c. TO COORDINATE: This expression means that agencies
"coordinated with" shall participate actively;.that their
concurrence shall be sought; and that if concurrence is not
obtained, the disputed matter shall be referred to the next
higher authority in which all participants have a voice.
I-7-1. ASSUMPTIONS
That the United States and its allies are engaged in general
hostilities forced upon them by the USSR or any of its satellites.
IV. NATIONAL OBJECTIVES WHICH WILL MAINTAIN IN A CONDITION OF
GENERAL HOSTILITIES
1-During a condition of general hostilities United States
National Objectives vis-a-vis the USSR will be, unless modified
by a,opropriate authority, as set forth in Paragraph 19 of NSC 20/1L;
'To counter the threats to our national security and well
being; posed by the USSR, our general objectives with respect to
Russia., in time of peace as well as in time of war, should be:
''a. To reduce the power and influence of the USSR to limits
which no longer constitute a threat to the peace, national
:..:oolc'cpendence and stability of the world family of nations.
"b. To bring about a basic change in the conduct of inter-
n.,ttional relations by the government in power in Russia; to
conform with the purposes and principles set forth in the W.
Charter.
''In pursuing these objectives due care must be taken to
avoid permanently impairing our economy and the fundamental values
and institutions inherent to our way of life."
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V. BASIC ?i ZINC IDLES OF OPERATION
1. Psychological operations programs are established instruments
of national policy and shall, therefore, be consistent with and
directed toward the achievement of national objectives.
2. Psychological operations will be conducted in conformlliL
with the statutor responsibilities of the departments and
agencies concerned, in consonance with national policy, and will
be Corr atible with PS~chol()Sscal Strate L Board Guidance.
REASON: For clarification.
27 3. As appropriate, psychological operations and policies
and plans pertaining thereto shall be coordinated with similar
operations, policies and plans of our Allies.
VI. DELINEATION OF RESPONSIBILITIES
1. The Psychological Strategy Board shall be responsible for:
(a) the formulation and promulgation, as guidance to the depart-
ments and agencies responsible for psychological operations, of
over-all national psychological objectives, policies and programs,
(b) the coordination and evaluation of the national psychological
effort.
2. The Joint Chiefs of J'-Gaff, in conformity with established
national policy and as compatible with Psychological Strategy
Board guidance, and except as provided in paragraphs VI 2 and
VI 5 immediately below, shall be responsible for planning and
execution of U.S. psychological operations in rai-iitavy theaters
of epepatiens war.
3. The Department of State, in conformity with established
national policy and Psychological Strategy Board guidance, and
except as provided in paragraphs VI 4 and VI 5 immediately below,
shall be responsible for the planning and execution of U.S. overt
psychological operations in areas other than ilitapy theaters of
epepatiehs war.
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4. In situations in which a 111tapy theater' of eperat ens war
embraces territory of a go-erninent which exercises civil authority
and to which a U.S. diplomatic mission is accredited, in con-
formity with established national policy and Psychological
Strategy Board guidance..and except as provided in paragraph
VI 5 immediately below,
a : -'~l~e-Jein~-Gl~ie~s-??-Spa??-skaii-be -pe~r3e14~~b~e-fop-H-S;
:psyel~eic~gieai-epepati?~,s-el:ipeeted-~ewapd-er~er?,~~-e~e~~-eee~~ied;,
e~~-aiiied-eaet~p~:ed?-~ep~+~tcp~
b--T the Department of State shall be responsible for the
U.S. psye~ieiegieai-epex'a ioAs Information Program directed
toward nationals of the country concerned.
c~~-'~l~e-~o~r~t-~h}e~a?-a.f -a~8~~-sl~a~i-Y~e-pee~se~eibie-??p
esbablishi~-&p3'a~~gerets-dap-eeepi~aien-ef-~sel~eiegieai
e~epatie~s-~?er~El~~=fed-b;~-..s._~beate:~-eera~dep--a~~-ehie~s-ef
r~issior~-wi~l~ir~-?~>3e-'~beatepr
REASON: To simplify and clarify and to bring into conformity
with paragraphs V 2 and VI 2.
5. Covert psychological operations shall be planned, conducted,
and coordinated in accordance with the statutory_res _responsibilities
of the sa.rtments andA ncies9 NSC 10/211 and the pertinent pro-
visions of NSC 59/1_ a c -#~syel~eie iea1-S ategy-Beapd-Gt~ida~aee.
REASON: To recognize the statutory responsibilities of the
departments and agencies.
6. Overt psychological operations originating in areas other
than iilitapy theaters of epepatiens war shall be coordinated with
the Joint Chiefs of Staff when such operations will directly
affect ettpper~t-Cep-~neee,~e~-iiiap,~-aeier~s- strate;i c plans or
strategic direction of mllityy forces
REASON: Recognize the statutory responsibilities of the
Joint Chiefs of Staff?
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All Ovurt. Pw rcbo1o;;ica1. operations originating in military
theaters of eioraslwRs war. stall call be coordinated with the Depart-
ment of State in cases where: theater-peyA~Alegtea} such operations
will have direct effect outside the theater of sperat#ess war upon
current or projected overt psychological operations of that
department.
REASON: For clarity and to conform with provisions of
NSC 59/1.
The Psychological Mratepy Board shall ensure, through the
government agency or agencies appropriate in the instant cir-
cumst aces, any necessary coordination of n.atioral psychological
operations, policies, or plans with the appropriate agency or
agencies of other governn nts .
9. The Joint Chiefs of Stoff shall be responsible for any
necessary coordination of U. S. pEycholog cal operations with
similar operations of other governments in military theaters of
eperatiens war.
REASON: See II b. above.
10. The Department of State shall be responsible for any
necessary coordination of U. S. psychological operations with
similap operations of other governments outside military theaters
of eperatieas war.
11. All government departments and agencies which are not
elsewhere mentioned in this plan and which are or may be assigned
responsibilities for executing psychological operations outside
the U. S. shall:
Adhere to }~etrt~e~t:iexs guidancu issued by the
Psychological Strategy Board.
REASON: To conform with the provisions of the Presidential
Directive establishing the Psychological Strategy Board.
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b. Coordinate their policies and plans with the Joint Chiefs
of Staff for act iviti E 3 in vill6&.ry !beaters of epePahie aE War
and with the Department of State in areas other than military
theaters of eperatlene war.
c. Conduct their operations in the field under the sex#:er
U: -5- ilttary-yffieer U . S. Military Co:nman.door designatecy
the Joint Chiefs of Staff in 1#iitary theaters of eperatiers
war and coordinate their operations in the field with the chief
of U. S. diplomatic :oi_ss-i.?n in areas other than military
theaters of eperatlene war.
12. The Central Intelligence Agency Shall ensure that appro-
priate intelligence support is provided for U. S. psychological
operations and that intellit;erice activities of government dopart-
ments and agencies in this field are properly coordinated.
VII. ORGANIZATIONAL PRINCIPLES
Information facilities and appropriate personnel of the
Department of State and other overt executing agencies in area,
'which become military theaters of eperatle .e war shall be made
available to the samler U. S. Military of ieer C-),,,vanderr desgngte;_
the Joint Chiefs of Staff in that theater under statutory and
)then competent authority during the approximate time of military
control in that area. Plans for orderly transfer, and later
return, of information facilities and appropriate personnel of the
Department of State and other overt executing agencies shall be
coordinated by the Psychological Strategy Board.
1. This basic national psychological operations plan is in
effect for planning purposes. All government departments and
agencies having responsibilities specifically assigned herein
;hall, as a matter of high priority, draft supporting plans and
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make all p eparati.c.r . uo ;ss'r. y for effic-i_ent oxocution of the
provisions herein cintaian.
2. This plan shall be executed upon Pposidential proclamation
that a st^te of general hostilities oxists with the USSR and its
satellites, upon official declaration of war with the USSR and
its sntollites, or at such other time as the President may direct.
$. Provisions of this elan, when executed in accordance
with '.paragraph 2 above, supersede any portion of NSC 59/1
which is in conflict therewith.
REASON: To clarify discrepancy existing between NSC 59/1
+nd this plan.
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n ormation
SECTION II (B). Theater of War.
Neal Iry DCI
A geographical area specifically delineated by the President
on the recommendation of the National Security Council which is,
or may imminently become, involved directly in
V 6a
SECTION VI (5).
Covert psychological operations shall be planned, conducted
and coordinated in accordance with established national policies;
applicable National Security Council directive, including but not
limited to NSC 10/2 and pertinent portions of NSC 10/5 and 59/1;
and the President's directive of 1 April 1951, establishing the
Psychological Strategy Board.
Corrections:
SECTION VI (3) - Omit in third line "and VI (5)#n
In the next paragraph, omit phrase "and except as provided in
Paragraph VI (5), immediately below,"
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SECTION II (B). Theater of Was.
A geographical area specifically delineated by the President
on the recommendation of the National Security Council which is,
ineptly become, involved directly in the operations of
SECTION VI (5)?
Cover, psychological operations shall be planned, conducted
and coordinated in accordance with established national policies;
applicable National Security Council directive, including but not
limited to NSC 10/2 and pertinent portions of NSC 1015 and 59/l;
and the President's directive of s April 1951, establishing the
Psychological Strategy Board.
Corrections,
Mt 'ION VI (3) - Omit in third line "and Vi (5).a
In the next paragraph, omit, phras" "arid except as provided in
Paragraph v/1 (s), imme,iiate:t.
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ketcuti 4 nfi'ia
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$? TOUTER QF WAR: A gmogrphiral area the ? liewti Of 3JOb
is specific ally appcv*d ' y the eideut irh is or may
ieeatn nt ly keevme involver' di r. srtl in ope tione of var.
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p s ?' t !mphioal area a ,e ei ti o 21
by the, "I a si den t -.=1:ieh
p+sratlonr of r.
imminently
;~r ma.y/ involved !i.rectly in the
2. Guidance for 'eye ka ,o l e ai. oporations -are l to by the
Psychological ` tmt. fZr T r e ? l be cones %4th. rational
Policy and in formi.ty with tht statutory authority and rep
bi:lity of the res cti.ve o; +cratir d+a rt me Agencies.
2. The Joint ' '-ie ro: n f , t r, tr cea. rmity s'ith a st.iblishe * n=~~ tio+rr$ i
policy and 'ith Pr rchoicgioal
as vided in ra-,' pba VT 4 ar4 11
reepor sIble for the plernin
Lions in theaters f =,r!
3. The ,. rtment of SltjtL:, in (s?a~;'oreaity with
holode +l ."trate r 3oard uidencs, ai
" I and VI i .edttely below,, ?l be reepeo ble
in arms othc
on o i'. n ! -)vor?t psychological *ptmtn
Via.
a Rawiluent which poi fl civil autharity anr? # 1gieh a L . .
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diplanatic mission is a=?~crEedit
national po .'lo7 and
OXcept SS p r o v i d e d in pa f `11 5 iate3 y be w
Depart ent of State sl!~..a1l. be resvxaneible for the
directed towa,rd l a n tti , is r
5. Covert psychological op erntiF to s a i be mod, Oonduct e ,
and ooordi teed in ec o ria ice with spol:tci.bl.e irecti. e,
including but not 1.i in t +i tr. ,i 0 T 10/2, N 10/5 and pertinent
''!/1. j and th P ebr }io os l Strategy Broard g%ddauc .
6. art ps l 3 c al csporstioa originating in a
theatcers if r shall be a ordirntte d vxit'- the Jo nt ('biefs
when such operations will 'liresrtly aff
or strat ;ic fiArection n ' 9 ilita: tcrce$
tegia plans
7. Pv70hologieal ope rat. c ne orix dnating in theaters of war nU
be a oordImtet-". with the
o? erations will have a clpct of ?ect nut--tin the theater of -.ar
upon approved clu-ren
9. 11=e Jotnt Chiefs
eettpd dif;.anat:
tionr of' that department.
coordination of U.S. p 'c'hs
o otr?er o e-r e-nts 1.3. .hs tsr~t o
n conformity
risible for any n es
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of "'tate shy' be responsible for any ,.: s
ors-ehoio;icI operations with similar operatior-z
of other governments outside t + .tern of war.
with the Dart--
rent of smote in e3-fa- other than tsters of war.
:. Conduct their r ations in the feld. and r the U.&.
r ilitary c mnder -e i atcld by the J- Ant Chiefs of 'Ybmff
in theaters of tear --to coordinate t}.sir operations in Via
field with the (t'ti.ef` of the U.S. dims *tie
other than theataar ..
IM FRI IPt
Information feeil.itie ,and F ppropriate personnel of the
Department of State are other ov+ rt eeouting agencies in areas
which become theaters of war erAll be de available to the
militate co'! nder derrtl ted by the Join. Chiefs of Staff . .
VIII PL- 114IN .NDD
3. Provisions of this Aw--
peragmph araph 2 above, supersede any por
.t C 59/1 whie
in conflict therewith.
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