(A) LIST OF AGREED COURSES OF ACTION FOR PERIOD 7/1/54-12/31/54 TO IMPLEMENT NSC 174. (B) ADDITIONAL ACTIONS TO IMPLEMENT NSC 174 WHICH HAVE NOT BEEN ACCEPTED BY THE WORKING GROUP.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80R01731R003000100002-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 17
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 19, 2005
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: August 25, 1954
• Content Type: REPORT

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TOT' S RET
DATE August 2S,
COPY NO.
OPERATIONS COORDINATING BOARD
Washington, D. Co
(a) I~,st of Agreed Caurses of Action for Period
7/1/5 12/33./54 to I npeement NSC 174-
(b) Additional Actions to 3mp-Isment WSC 174 Which
Have Not Been Accepted By The Workizig group.
REFERENCE; Nsc 174, 12/23/S3
OCB FILE NO. 1b
NSC review(s) completed.
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This document contains information affecting the national defense of the
United States, within the meaning of the e9fionage laws, Title i8, Sec-
tions 7q? and 794, U.S.C., the transmission or revelations of which in
any manner to an unauthorized person is Prohibited by law.
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OPERATIONS COORDINATING BOARD
Washington 25, D. C.
September 7, 1954
MEMORANDUM FOR THE OPERATIONS COORDINATING BOARD
SUBJECT: (a) List of Agreed Courses of Action for Period
7/1/54-12/3:L/54 to Implement NSC 174.
(b) Additional Actions to Implement NSC 174 Which
Have Not Been Accepted by the Working Group.
On August 25, 1954, the Board approved the attached paper
on subject (a) above and the recommendation with respect to
subject (b) above contained in the last paragraph of the attached
transmittal memorandum of August 20, 1954.
Drafts of these papers dated July 27 and August 10, 16 and
20, 1954 are obsolete and may be destroyed in accordance with the
security regulations of your agency.
Memo to OCB, dated 8/20/54, on
above subjects.
Subject Papers, dated 8/25/54.
OCB File No. 16 S C
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OPERATIONS COORDINATING BOARD
Washington 25, D. C.
August 20, 1954
MEMORANDUM FOR THE OPERATIONS COORDINATING BOARD
SUBJECT: (a) List of Agreed Courses of Action for Period 7/1/54-
12/1/54 to Implement NSC 174
(b) Additional Actions to Implement NSC 174 Which Have Not
Been Accepted by The Working Group
The attached papers are transmitted for consideration by the Board
on August 25.
The'-list of "Additional actions to implement NSC 174 which have
not been accepted by the working group," including the reasons for
non-acceptance, is submitted in response to a specific request by the
Board at its meeting of June 30, 1954 (Agenda Item 1).
As noted in the progress report submitted to the Board on July 7,
1954, the working group, in preparing a list of courses of action
designed to implement NSC 174, is confronted by several limiting fac-
tors which have led to the preparation of a paper which at first read-
ing may not appear to exhaust the possibilities for effective action.
First, it operates within policy directives which on the one hand
contemplate a series of actions designed to weaken the Soviet Union
itself and its hold cn its satellites, and on the other enjoins
against actions which ent-L=i t i risk of precipitating war. Second,
the capabilities of the United States for effective action in cauntrie~3
behind the Iron Curtain are extr-~?aely limited. Although the U.S. doee
possess capabilities in the P ee World for actions which will reflect
adversely on the Soviet orbit, those resources cannot serve as a sub-
stitute for the limited capabilities of the U.S. with respect to
operations in the satellite countries. Furthermore, these Free World
capabilities are net the .responsibility of the NSC 174 working group,
but fall within the terms of reference of other OCB working groups.
The Board Assistants have noted Paragraph 20 of NSC 5422/2 which
states:
"Although the time for a sir-aificant rollback of Soviet
power may appear to, be in the future, the U.S. should be
prepared, by feasible current actions or future planning, to
OCB File No. 16 ME-Sip-r-111
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take advantage of any earlier opportunity to contract
Communist-controlled areas and power,"
In light of the above, the Board Assistants suggest that the
working group be directed to review nos. 3 and 4 of the "additional
actions" to implement NSC 174 and other possible actions, particularly
a major coordinated effort by all agencies designed to detach one of
the important European satellites from the Soviet bloc, with a view
to submitting a preliminary staff analysis to the Board by November 1
which would point up the policy and strategic implications and
feasibility factors that would be involved in such an effort.
Elmer B. Staats
Executive Officer
Attachments:
Subject papers, dtd 8/20/54.
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OPERATIONS COORDINATING BOARD
Washington 25, D. C.
August 20, 1954
T O I M P L E ME N T N &174
During the six-month period beginning July 1, 1954 the depart..
meets and. agencies plan to take the following specific action having
a relationship to courses of action set forth in NSC 174 and other
pertinent NSC documents. Underlining indicates quotations from para-
graphs of NSC 114. Where actions are not cited... this indicates that
while the department or agency follows in its day-to-day operations
the policies set forth, no explicit project in regard to those para-
----graphs can presently be specif..ed,
The responsibility of the working group is to-suggest general
courses of action to implement the specific objectives set forth in
NSC 174. The development of detailed plans to carry out
f such course
o
action is the function of the several responsible agencies.
1. Take overt axed covert measures to discredit Soviet prestige
the atren h or o monist artiee and other ro-Soviet elements.*
NSC 162/2.. Para. 43all (NSC 174, Para. 9)
Actions to be taken:
a. At the General Assembly of the United Nations begin-
ning September 21, 1951, support the following actions which
* Although NSC 162/2 do3s not appear to provide specific policy guide
lines for the starred causes of action when applied to the USSR,
it is understood that NSC 162/2 did not direct the abandonment of
current operating policies and programs whether overt or covert
along these lines. Furthormores NSC 174, Para. 9, provides as
follows... "feasible political, economic, propaganda and covert
measures are required to create and exploit troublesome problems for
the USSR..." Accordingly, i~ the absence of detailed NSC guidance
on policy toward the Soviet t1pion it is assumed that these courses of
action are applicable to the ASR. New projects should be carefully
considered, however, in terms Qf the Policy Conclusions set forth in
NSC 162/2.
NOTE: Above footnote applies to all asterisks,
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are expected to have the result of discrediting the position
of the USSR:
(3)
(4)
(5)
Review of the report of the Disarmament Coammi1ait7 i.
Review of the report of the UN Commission for the
unification and rehabilitation of Korea.
Review of the report of the Collective Measures
Committee on methods which might be used to main-
tain and strengthen international peace and
security,
Review of the question of'admission of new members
to the UN.
Review of report of ECOSOC on evidence of existence
of forced labor,
(6) Review of the Special Committee on the question of
defining aggression,
b. Initiate or resume discussion in the UN General Assemb
(1) The Austrian Treaty question..
(2) Various items regarding human rights.
(3) Measures for the peaceful solution of the problem
of prisoners of war,
c, Anticipate and counteract Soviet moves in the UN
General Assembly concerning:
(1) Admission of Conrrnnist China.
(2) East-West trades
(3) Guatemala,
d. Assure effective propaganda support of the U.S. positi
on the issues set forth in ao ,, b., cr: ' oo v above.
e, The case of the F-8;. shot down by Czech fighters in 195
will be expedited for presentation before the International Court
of Justice. If good case is developed for B-29 and RB-50 shot
down in Far East by Soviet fighters, these cases
presented to I.C.J.
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1'. Press representations-for return of U.S. citizens held La
USSR- if no favorable response appropriate publicity will be
considered. Also continue efforts to secure release of U.S.
citizens held in jail in Czechoslovakia.
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g. Develop and u
films designed to demo
over and control of so
se for overseas di
nstrate the Cantu'
vereign nations.
stribution three
special.
take-
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h. Spotlight policies and problems of agriculture in Soviet
bloc -- exposing failures and playing up ingenious peasant passe -.
resistance,
i. Problems of Communism is being published as an attribut3
bi-monthly publication and plans are now well advanced for an =-
attributed monthly publication which Nd11, be devoted to probblem3
of the Soviet
orbit
25X1
J, Place
emphasis upon the fact the satellites srec*ptivs
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countries cont
military machi
rolled through various techniques by the Soviet
ne, as supporting materials are developed and o 3r
tunities are p
resantedo
at the hands of Communist tyranny for speaking tours sponsored by
civic organizations in 'U.S. and selected areas abroad.
2. Strengthen covert activities in support of the Basic Objeoti.'es
set forth in paragraphs 10 and 11 of NSC 174.
Actions to be taken:
CIA to report on separately.
3. Use appropriate means short of military force to oppose, are
to contribute to the eventual elimination of, Soviet domination over
other friendly powers, resort to UN procedures, and, if nossiblq=,
nation with the USSR. NEC 174, Paraq.. 12
Actions to be taken:'
a. Tc_ko such ac `~i x^ cc nay bo _.appropriato. to exploit the
Greek-Turk-Yugoslav Pr1.cr_i hip Pact as a factor influencing
the satellites,
4, Encourage and assist the satellite peoples in resistance to
the Soviet-dominated regimes, maintaining their hopes of eyentu]a
freedom from Soviet domination, while avoiding:
Incitement to premature revolt,
k. Employ selected persons who have lived under or sufferer
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b. Commitments on the nature and timing of anS.
action to bring about liberation.
a. Incitement to action when the probable reprisa s or
other results would yield a net loss in terms of U.S.obiectivei.`*
(NSC 174, Para. 13)
Actions to betaken:
a. Emphasize in approp
Eastern Europe and our refu
f
h
riate ways our continued interest
sal to recognize Soviet dominatio
in
n
o
t
e area as permanent.
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b, Support and
offer 'guidance the
Karsten Committee.
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c. Exploit the elections in Czechoslovakia.
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d. In the eve
issue a statement
Community open to
nt EDC ratif
or emphasize
countries of
ication
the co
Easter
occurs durin
ncept of a fr
n Europe upon
g the period,
ee European
their iligl~
tion from Soviet
ommunist tyr
anny
~
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.
5. Develop and encourage as appropriate, increased se o
passive resistance by the peoples of the USSR and satelliytes.*
NSC 174, Para. 14
6. Be nrrepared to exploit any future disturbances similar to
the East German riots of 1953 Tannin courses of action which
would best serve U. S. interests in such events. (NSC 174, Para. 15)
Actions to be taken:
a. Keep harvest results for the current year under
review and be prepared to exploit significant shortages with
offers of food or othpr propriate action.
I I
b. On the basis of an analysis of the June 17, 1953
East German uprising develop specific courses of action to
## For example. account should be taken of the undesirability of
provoking the liqii1dationof important resistance movements or
.of creating false hope:; of U. S. intervention.
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be taken in the event of a similar occurrence in the future and
report thereon by December 1, 1954.
7. Foster satellite nationalism as a force against Soviet ij 'ia -
wo
ism while avoiding commitments to national ambitions which
interfere with U.S. post-liberation objectives. (NSC 174, Para. lb)
Actions to be taken:
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a. Appropriate statements will be issued and exploited
commemorating the following national holidays of the satellite
states and other suitable occasions, such as: August 15, Com-
memoration of Poles stopping Russians on Vistula; August 20,
Commemoration of Warsaw Uprising; August 20, St. Stephens Day
(Hungarian National Holiday); September 28, Anniversary of
Petkov'a Execution (Bulgaria); October 28, Czechoslovakian
Independence Day; November 18, Latvian Independence Day;
December 25, Christmas (Gregorian calendar). 25X1
8. Cooperate with other forces-such as religious, cultural
natural allies in the stru
ainst Soviet im-
a. Determine whether a practical program of cultural
and technical exchange of persons with the Soviet bloc can be
developed.
b. Ensure maximum exploitation in the interest of the
U.S. of visits to the U.S. delegations from countries behind
-
the iron curtain. F
I
9. Sticulate and ex oit conflicts within the communist ruli_ r
groups in the USSR and in each satellite, among such =20s, and
between them . and the. Krenl1.n. }t NSC 174, Para. 18)
a. Continue to exploit indications of internal conflict
within the satellite ruling groups and between them and the
Kremlin, such as conflicts growing out of the:
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(1) "N ec omic courses."
(2) The satellite government reorganizations
undertaken in conformity with the Kremlin's
desire to emphasize a collective leadership.
(3) Instances of difficulty between a satellite and
the USSR as, for example, deliberate snubs of
cultural delegations in the USSR or trouble with
Soviet occupation (and line of communication)
troops in the satellites.
10. Foster disaffection in (USSR and/ satellite armed forces
yi
and tiolice, to diminish their reliabilit in suppressing domestic
turbances and their will to fight in the event of war. (NSC 174,Fora.19)
a. Display military strength of U. S. whenever appropriate,
such as the visits of U. S. Fleet units to Baltic, or visits cif
U. S. Air Force aircraft to significant points where news of
the event will reach target nations.
b. As opportunity offers and material is available, em-
phasize any conflicts within Soviet and satellite security
fornas and between them and other elements of the population.
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c. Wherever found, exploit dissatisfaction with Soviet
"advisors" and key sonnel among officers and men of the
satellite armies. er 25X1
d. Exploit as a propaganda theme the idea that the USSP.
will use the satellite armed forces as cannon fodder in the
event of war.
11. Encourage defection of /USSR and/ key satellite person ,c]
and possible VFC recruits, but not mass defects
the satellites : and assist in she resettlement and
of refugees who do escap? NSC 174, Para. 22
Actions to be taken:
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NSC
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12. Support or make use of re esor exi].eUorganizzation
not, recognize government' s-in_e8 # (NSC 174, para.
Actions to be taken;
a. Take appropriate action such as messages on national
days, speeches by government officials, etc., to bolster the
rests a of exile organizations meeting the above criteria.
b. Support relief and rehabilitation projects which are
advanced by accredited groups or organizations affecting
refugee or exile organizations which can contribute to the
r-- I
attainment of U. S. objectives.
13. Maintain flexibi7 in U. S- economic- licies toward
t~ .
n A'r[jAr t0
nd d
one Y~ U1Va a
limited economic weat~o61 at hand tbtf
mexirrn~m advantage withyt the fir. ;71 _ Para)
Actions to be takenp
a. The Ecpnomic Defense Advisory Committee (EDAC) aryl its
member agencies, in line with the decisions of the April and
July, 1954 meetings of the consultative Group in Paris,'stre
carrying out U. S. responsibilities for the following:
(1) implementing, in coordination with COCOM countries..
provisions for the more effective enforcement of
nn?'Frn1 R on a more limited 1i 1
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of codities exported to Tone oovi.e'. U.tv+.?.
primary)
(2) Implementing plans approved by the Consultative
Group for expanded exchange ofS~o~lioon eg
members of COCOM and a on trends and tactics.
25X1
b. Develop plans for making available surplus agricultu"11.
commodities in the U. S. to the peoples of the Soviet bloc, as
"targets of oppor~~i.C~~tpresent
roved by themselves
the OCBcforath~ d1s~
and
basic guidelines
of such commodities. 25X1
0,4. Continue U. S, di omatic missions in Poland Czechag OV 1 a.,O
Huneaa - and Rumania as _lon as ma - be in h U. S ~.nter at
under review the ssibili 1 4, Para. d lomstic re tion w
Bulgaria, and Albanos
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a. Consider the desirability of consulting further with
Congress concerning res tion of diplomatic relations with
Bulgaria.
15, Exploit the existence, and encourage the development, of
the Yugoslav-Greek-Turkish entente as a means of weaken5.ng Scv3
power in the Balkan satellites and as an example of free associa-
tion of independent Balkan, nations serving as a potential alarnat:i.;: e
to Soviet rule. (NSC 174,, Para. 27)
slavia into the Western Defense attern and the strengthening;
of the Western position.
b. Take such actions as may be appropriate to exploit
the Greek-Turk-Yugoslav Friendship Pact as a factor influenc
a. Continue negotiations for a solution to the Trieste
problem in order to clear way for further integration of Yugc>-
ing the satellites.
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e. Explore the advisability of encouraging the Greek and.
..Turkish governments to seek the cooperation of the Bulgarian
Government in a survey of the upper River
to joint clevelo went of the river. 25X1
16. Keep t h e situation with respect to Albania under co ri;
surveillance with a view to the possibility of detachment of that
cQu ry from the Soviet bloc at such time as its detachment m ht k
jpdged to serve the over-all U. S. interest. NSC 174, Para. 28)
Actions to be taken:
a. Upon completion of present negotiations for a favor-
able settlement of the Trieste problem, examine the situation
with respect to Althnia and the possibility of detachment of
that country from the Soviet bloc.
17. Exploit o the flzll s extent compatible with the pl, icier
regarding Germany as a whole and Berlin, the special opportunities
offered by West Berlin aid. the facilities of the Federal Repu?b, lic
to undermine Soviet power in East Germany. Place the $pvietq in
East Germany on the defensive by such measures as may be
keep alive the hope of German reunification. (NSC 174, Para. 29
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Actions to be taken:
Detailed plans for action against East Germany are set
forth in the Progress Report of the Working Group for NSC 5404/1,
dated June 8, 1954. That Group has primary responsibility for
coordinating activities concerning Berlin.
to independent governments of their own choosing and (b) the viola
. whereby they have been deprived of that right. particzalarIc
mments
r
the Yalta Declaration on Lib rat Europe and the Treaties o
with B ria. Hungary and Rumania. (NSC 174, Para. 30)
Actions to be taken:
a. Develop opportunities for high U. S. officials throug4:
speeches and other means to emphasize the right of the people
of Eastern Europe to independent governments of their own
choosing and the violation of international agreements by the
Soviet and satellite states.
b. Develop opportunities to exploit the voluminous docu-
mentary materials being compiled in the Department of State
to demonstrate satellite treaty violations.
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OPERATIONS COORDINATING BOARD
Washington 25, D. C.
August
ADDITIONAL ACTIONS TO IMPLE T NSC 174
WHICH HAVE NOT. BEEN ACCEPTED BY WORKING GROUP
There follows a list of additional actions to implement NSC 174
which have not been accepted by the Working Group'for the reasons
stated therein:
1. Distribute incrnponsivo commodities by balloon or otbor similar
moans to people in the Soviet orbit in such a way that it will ba.> --r
attributable to the U.S. Government.
Reason for non-accovtc?:
On September 23 and October 21, 1953 the OCB approved pur-
chase and stockpiling of balloons but determined that final,
decision for use of balloons for this purpose would be made by
the Board, Subsequent to that date no agency has rocccmaendod a
specific project and no target of opportunity has arisen.
2. Implement the plan to detach Albania from the Soviet co'bit.
Jgason for non-acceptan
a. State believes no action should be taken to implement
this plan while negotiations over Trio ate are underway.
b. If Tresto problem is satisfactorily resolved, agree-
ment covering tui um.. status.-of Albania should be obtained
from neighboring states (Yugoslavia, Greece, Italy) before
azw--action for li.berat:ion is undertaken. (See paragraph 16
of "Operational Flans for Period July 1, 1945 to December 31,
1954" for current Working Group recommendations.).
Reason for non-acceptance:
CIA will make separate submission.
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Reasons for non-ace
CIA will make separate submission.
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19WI AND COVET 5H
"="M 1JMENT DESCRIPTION -- ?' -?
- CIA CONTROL NO.
OURCE
OCB
_,- DATE DOCUMENT REC' IVED
DOC. DATE
LOGGED BY
P -COPY NO.
NUMBER ~OF PAGf ,
NUMBER OF ATTACHMENTS
ched to each Top ecret c~ocu lent received by the Central Intelfiigence Agert