THE REVOLT IN HUNGARY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80B01676R004000170003-9
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 115
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: December 8, 2006
• Sequence Number: 3
• Publication Date: November 4, 1956
• Content Type: TRANS

Approved FooRelease 2006/12/08: t A-RDP80B01676R004
The Revolt in Hungary
Documentary Chronology of Events
BROADCASTS BASED EXCLUSIVELY ON INTERNAL CENTRAL AND PROVINCIAL RADIOS
OCTOBER 23,1956 NOVEMBER 4,1956
??
?v10PI/ ' F DOC ID 11972C
FREE EUROPE COMMITTEE ? 2 PARK AVENUE ? NEW YORK CITY 17
I Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
CZECHOSLOVAKIA USSR
MISKOLC
NYIREGYHAZA
?
EGER
AUSTRIA
%GYOR
?
BUDAPEST DEBRECEN
?
SZOMBATHELY
KAPOSVAR
?
? ROMANIA
PECS
YUGOSLAVIA
Approved For Release 2006/12/08 :?C'{A-RDP80B076R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R004000170003-9
Preface
Tins document records the story of the Hungarian people's revolt as broadcast day-
to-day, hour-by-hour. The record begins with the Radio Budapest account of stu-
dent demonstrations on October 23, 1956, continues through the Soviet military inter-
vention on November 4, 1956, and includes significant excerpts from broadcasts through
November 9, 1956. The source materials for these transcriptions are the broadcasts of
all the central and provincial radio stations in Hungary, official and unofficial. These
broadcasts were monitored, translated from the Hungarian, and edited to give a running
account of the most important political, economic and military events of the revolt. Pas-
sages have been selected only on the basis of their significance in the sequence of devel-
opments; they have been given as completely and in as great length as possible, with a
particular eye for materials which were not published elsewhere.
The italicized daily summaries are based on press, radio and eyewitness accounts
where confirmation or corroboration were possible. The photographs were obtained from
news services and private individuals.
The record speaks for itself and requires little commentary. Footnotes have been
provided as necessary to explain the background of people and places.
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/,12/0?
r- DP80B01676R004000170003-9
Resolutions Passed by
the Workers' Councils of
the 11th District of
Budapest
The labor representatives of the
workers of the plants of the I ith
I)istrict have unanimously decided
that in the interest of the Socialist
construction of Hungary and of the
Ilungarian people's future, they are
willing to residue work under the fol-
lowing conditions:
I. We wish to elltphasiaC that the rcvolutiouary working
class considers the factories and the land the property oI
the working people.
2. The Workcrs' parliament recognizes the Kadar gov-
crrunent as a negotiating party, provided that the govern-
ntent, to assure its own legality, will reorganize itself to
conform with the will of the people.
3. The people have put their faith in the workers' coun-
cils to make certain that the will of the people continues to
he carried out. We demand that the authority of the work-
ers' councils be expanded and reallirined by the govern-
ment in the economic, cultural and social fields.
1. In the interest of preserving order and re-establishing
peace, we demand that a date be set for free elections in
stilrich only those parties may participate that recognize
and have always recognized the Socialist order, based on
the principle that means of production belong to society.
3. We demand the inrmediatc freeing' of the rnernber,<
of the mire Nagy government which was elected by the
revolution, as well as the release of the f reedonl fighters.
6. W,Ve demand that a cease-fire he ordered inunediately,
is well as the prompt withdrawal of Soviet troops from
Budapest, since Hungarian autlroritics can assure order
Ihrouglr the labor fore(-. And we demand that as soon as
workers have resumed work, the 11uugarian government
open negotiations for the gradual and orderly withdrawal
of Soviet troops from the territory of the country, and
keep the public informed oil the progress of these negotia-
tions.
7. The police force nnist be organized from the honest
workers of the plants and from the Army units loyal to the
people.
8. It is requested that the above points be made public
by the government on the radio and through the press.
C oticltlsion: We shall ininrediatels begin with recon-
~truction, work toward supplying the people with food and
re-establish transport facilities, but other tasks will be un-
dertaken only after recognition of our demands and after
they are carried out.
WORKERS! COliNCII.s OF rue 11'I1I I)IS"IRICT
Budapest, November 12, 1956
Youth Manifesto
We staged a demonstration on Octollcr 23: we took the
radio; the Colvin '['heater, Miskolc, Cvor, Dunapentelc.
C!sepel were ours. Tanks and misled foreign soldiers were
arrayed against us. and vet the city became ours, the coun-
try became ours! The uhole 1lungarian nation stands
Unanimously beside us! The revolution has been victorious!
And yet God knows on what authority a few cooing poli-
t icians in parliament, calling themselves the worker-peasant
government, in the name of the people, behind the backs
of the people, direct the tank guns against them, talk-
ing of it counterrevolution and fascism and reviling us, re-
viling the whole Hungarian nation. '1'hcy want to betray
us and sell us to the Soviet government, to the security po-
lice, to Gero and Rakosi and their ignominious group, who
have had our cities destroyed with a barbarous cruelty sur-
passing even I[itlcr's. The last of the traitors is ,Janos
Kadar! His crimes are a thousand tines worse than those
of any of his predecessors: genocide, treason, cowardice!
In the narrre of the dead, in the name of the dead of the
I [ungarian and Russian peoples, we accuse turn and call
hint to account, him and his bosses, the responsible leaders
of the Soviet government. As evidence of our strength, we
will keel) up the strike as long as a single soldier is on our
country's territory.
For a neutral, independent, dernocr,rtic and Socialist
Hungary!
'['here can be no more bargaining, no pardon, no excuse.
We accuse and the accusations must be answered.
ARMED REyoI.UnIONARY YOUrsI
November 12, 1956
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-R?P80B01676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
The Hungarian Revolt
Tuesday, October 23, 19 5 6
Student demonstrations in Budapest take place in front of the statue of General Bem and
the Polish Embassy. Students demand reforms, democratization, the return of Imre Nagy.
Police try to disperse the crowd when students attempt to be heard over Budapest radio.
Tear gas is used and then students are arrested. The crowd attempts to free the students
and the police open fire. The demonstration turns into a riot and street fighting breaks out.
Martial law is declared, acall for Russian troops issued, and, during the night, Soviet
tanks and jets are reported used against the demonstrators.
Morning
Radio Budapest, Home Service
0900 hrs.1 "A REPORTED yesterday, general meetings
of students have been held in several Budapest universities.
At these meetings it was decided that the youth of Budapest
will hold a silent demonstration of sympathy in front of the
Embassy of the Polish People's Republic. It is the aim of
the silent demonstration to express the deep sympathy and
solidarity of youth with the events in Poland.2
"Youth has also approved a resolution to denounce and
suppress any kind of extreme, provocative and anarchistic
demonstrations. They avow that the demonstration of sym-
pathy will take place in the spirit of Socialist democracy
and promise to maintain order and discipline. University
youth will meet in front of the Writers' Union Building at
1330 hrs.'this afternoon."
1100 "The Hungarian Writers' Union wishes to ex-
press its great appreciation of the events in Poland. . . .
Hungarian writers, who in the course of the past years
constantly fought for democratization and against Rakosi's
policy, believe the chief tasks of the Hungarian public to
be, firstly, to assure further advance on the path of Socialist
democracy, secondly, to avoid and beat off all possible
provocations which, making use of the enthusiasm created
by the Polish events in Hungarian workers and students,
might disturb our happiness and political endeavors."
1 All times-both broadcast times and hours mentioned in broad-
casts-Greenwich Mean Time [GMT]; this is one hour earlier
than Budapest Lime.
2 Referring to the extensive Polish liberalization and in particu-
lar to the October 19-21 meeting of the Polish Party's Central
Committee, which elected "national Communist" Wladyslaw Go-
mulka Party leader and defied threats of Soviet force.
1153 "A communique from the Ministry of. the Interior:
"In order to assure public order, the Minister of the
Interior is not permitting any public meetings and demon-
strations until further notice. [Signed] Laszlo Piros, Minister
of the Interior." [The announcement was repeated at 1215.]
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
Tuesday, October 23,1956-Afternoon
Radio Budapest, Home Service
1323 cc
I,ASZLO Piros, Minister of the Interior, has
withdrawn the ban imposed on public meetings and dem-
onstrations.
"The First Secretary of the Central Committee of the
Hungarian Workers' [Communist] Party, Comrade Erno
Gero, will speak tonight at 1900 hrs." [This announce-
ment is repeated four times in the ensuing half hour.]
1400 "On October 23, 1956, at 1300 hrs., the Central
Committee of the DISZ' opened its sixth meeting. The
Central Committee approved the demonstration of Buda-
pest youth in sympathy with the Polish People's Republic.
It then decided to participate in the demonstration, and
the meeting was therefore interrupted.... The Commit-
tee requested university students and other youth partici-
pating in the demonstrations to prevent any attempts at
provocation...."
Radio Budapest, in French to Europe
1300 "Last night the Petofi Club4 of Budapest held
a meeting and adopted the following resolution:
"1. In view of the present situation in Hungary, we
propose that a session of the ... Party's Central Committee
be convened as soon as possible. Comrade Imre Nagy'
should take part in the preparatory work of this session.
"2. We consider it necessary that the Party and the gov-
ernment disclose in all sincerity the economic situation in
the country, revise the Second Five Year Plan [1956-
1960]... .
"3. The Central Committee [of the Party] and the gov-
ernment should adopt every method possible to insure the
development of Socialist democracy....
"4. We propose . . . that Comrade Imre Nagy and
other comrades who fought for Socialist democracy and
for Leninist principles should occupy a worthy place in
the direction of the Party and the government.
"5. We propose the expulsion of Matyas Rakosi? from
the Party Central Committee and his recall from the Na-
tional Assembly and the Presidium. It is necessary that
the CC . . . bring to a halt present attempts at Stalinist
and Rakosi-like restoration.
"6. We propose that Mihaly Farkas" case be tried in
public in accordance with Socialist legality.
"7. We propose that the Central Committee revise cer-
tain resolutions recently passed . . . concerning literature
and the Petofi Club....
"8. Let even the most delicate questions be made pub-
lic: the balance sheets of our foreign trade agreements
and the plans concerning the utilization of Hungarian
uranium."
"9. With a view to consolidating Hungarian-Soviet
friendship, let us establish even closer relations with the
Party, State and people of the Soviet Union on the basis
of the Leninist principles of complete equality.
"10. We demand that the Central Committee of the
DISZ take a stand, at their October 23 meeting, on the
points of this resolution and adopt a decision on the
democratization of the Hungarian youth movement.
"The above resolution was published in all newspapers
this morning."
Radio Budapest, in Hungarian to Europe
1730 "National flags, young people with rosettes of
the national colors singing the Kossuthe song, the Marseil-
laise and the Internationale-this is how we can describe
in colors and in the titles of songs how Budapest today is
bathed in the October sunshine and celebrates a new Ides
of March.
"This afternoon a vast youth demonstration took place
in our capital. . . . Although at noon today the Ministry
of the Interior banned all demonstrations, the Politburo of
the Hungarian Workers' [Communist] Party changed the
decision. Scholars, students of technological faculties,
students of philosophy, law, economics, together with
students from other university branches, took part in the
march led by their professors and leaders of the university
Party organizations.
"At first there were only thousands but they were joined
by young workers, passersby, soldiers, old people, second-
ary-school students and motorists. The vast crowd grew
to tens of thousands. The streets resounded with these
slogans: `People of Kossuth, March Forward Hand in
Hand,' `We Want a New Leadership-We Trust Imre
3 The Union of Working Youth, the Communist-dominated
youth organization.
4 A recently-organized club of intellectuals which has acted as a
major forum of the intellectual ferment and liberalization. It
is named after the great 19th Century poet of the struggle for
Hungarian independence.
5 Former Premier (July 1953-March 1955), expelled from Party
in 1955, readmitted October 1956. Symbol of the post-Stalin New
Course and considered a "national Communist."
6 First Secretary of the Hungarian Party until July 1956; long-
time symbol of Stalinist rule.
7 Former Defense Minister, dismissed from the Party in July
1956 and later arrested for violations of "Socialist legality," i.e.,
for use of Stalinist methods.
8 Both these points are references to Soviet economic exploita-
tion of Hungary.
9 Louis Kossuth, Nineteenth Century Hungarian leader, hero of
the March 15, 1848 revolution against Austria. See later demand
for national holiday to mark the day.
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
Nagy,' `Long Live the People's Army,' and so forth. The
shouts reverberate, the national colors flutter in the air,
windows are open. The streets of Budapest are filled with
a new wind of greater freedom...."
Tuesday, October 23.,1956- Night
Radio Budapest, Home Service
1830 AT TODAY'S Politburo session ... it was decided
that the next meeting of the Central Committee will be
called for October 31. The agenda will be: 1. the po-
litical situation and the tasks of the Party-speaker, Erno
Gero; 2. questions concerning organizational problems."
1900 First Party Secretary Erno Gero addresses nation.
He says, in part: "Dear Comrades! Dear Friends! Work-
ing people of Hungary! . It is our resolute and unal-
terable intention to develop, widen and deepen democracy
in our country. . . . But of course we want a Socialist
democracy and not a bourgeois democracy. Following
our Party and our conviction, our working class and our
people are jealously guarding the achievements of our
People's Democracy and will not allow anyone to touch
them. We shall defend these achievements from what-
ever quarters they may be threatened. The main purpose
of the enemies of our people today is to undermine the
power of the working class ... to shake the people's faith
in their Party . . . to try to loosen the close and friendly
ties between our country . . . and the other countries
building Socialism, particularly between our country and
the Socialist Soviet Union. They try to loosen the ties
between our Party and the glorious Communist Party
of the Soviet Union, the Party of Lenin, the Party of
the Twentieth CPSU Congress.10
"They heap slanders on the Soviet Union; they assert
that our trade relations with the Soviet Union are one-
sided and that our independence allegedly has to be de-
fended not against the imperialists but against the Soviet
Union. All this is a barefaced lie, hostile slander without
a grain of truth. The truth is that the Soviet Union not
only liberated our country from the yoke of Horthy fascism
and German imperialism, but that after the war, when
our country lay prostrate, the Soviet Union also stood by
us and concluded agreements with us on the basis of full
equality, and that it still continues this policy.
"There are those who intend to create a conflict between
proletarian internationalism and Hungarian patriotism.
We Communists are Hungarian patriots . . . we also
categorically make it plain that we are not nationalists.
. We therefore condemn those who strive to spread
the poison of chauvinism among our youth and who have
taken advantage of the democratic freedom assured to
working people by our State to carry out a demonstration
of a nationalistic character. . . . We are patriots but at
the same time we are also proletarian internationalists."
1923 A bulletin stated that the previous announcement
of the Central Committee meeting was "erroneous" and
that the CC would meet "in a few days."
2122 "Dear listeners, you now hear a special announce-
ment: the Politburo . . . called on the Central Commit-
tee to meet immediately in order to discuss the present
situation and the tasks to be carried out."
2123 "This afternoon the youth of Budapest marched
up to Parliament. In the evening Comrade Imre Nagy
addressed the youth. Comrade Imre Nagy is now holding
discussions with youth representatives."
Radio Budapest, in French to Europe
2300 "This morning, students of all the universities and
high schools in Budapest staged a demonstration under
the leadership of the Petofi Club of the DISZ, which
decided . . . to take responsibility for their [the students']
action.... A delegate of the Petofi Military Academy also
spoke, expressing the sympathy of the Academy students
with the following demands:
"A Socialist Hungary, truly independent; March 15 an
official holiday; Imrc Nagy reinstated in his former office;
the State established on a new economic basis; new leaders
for the Party and government; those responsible for mis-
takes held accountable at a public trial....
"At the Polytechnic University, Mihaly Fekete, Deputy
Minister of the Interior, announced to the students that
the ban on the march had been lifted. He emphasized
that the employees and Communists of the Ministry had
rallied to the side of honest Hungarians in the interests of
a change. . . . Shortly before 1400 hrs. the youth of the
universities gathered in front of the Petofi statue in Pest,
singing the Kossuth hymn. . . . The demonstrators, in-
cluding well-known professors, carried Hungarian and Po-
lish flags. At 1400 hrs. Imre Sinkovits, the actor, recited
Petofi's poem, `Rise, Hungarian!' He then read the de-
mands of the students. Finally, the demonstration marched
toward Buda, where it was joined by students of the Poly-
technic University, and all gathered before the statue of
General Bemll.... Nearly 800 officers of the Hungarian
People's Army joined the youth and marched in a group.
. . . Members of the Petofi Club, with the aid of loud-
speakers, thanked those present for their support. . . .
Students bearing Hungarian and Polish flags mounted to
the foot of the statue and university delegates placed
10 February 1956. It marked the official beginning of the deni-
gration of Stalin and encouraged liberalization.
11 Polish patriot and leader who also fought for Hungarian inde-
pendence in the 19th Century.
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R004000170003-9
wreaths there. Fifty thousand people sang the National
Anthem.
"Peter Veres, Chairman of the Hungarian Writers' Un-
ion, then read the seven-point resolution of the presidium
of the Writers' Union, and its demands. It runs as fol-
lows:
"'We have arrived at a historic turning point. In this
revolutionary situation we shall not be able to acquit our-
selves well unless all the Hungarian working people rally
as a disciplined group. The leaders of the Party and State
have so far failed to present a workable program. The
responsibility for this lies with those who, instead of ex-
panding Socialist democracy, have obstinately organized
themselves and are still organizing in an effort to restore
the terrorist regime of Stalin and Rakosi. We Hungarian
writers have formulated in seven points the demands of
the Hungarian nation.
" 'I. We demand an independent national policy based
on the principles of Socialism. Our relations with all coun-
tries, particularly with the USSR and the People's Democ-
racies, should be based on the principle of equality. We
demand that the conventions and economic agreements
made between States be reviewed in the spirit of equality
of rights for the nations involved.
" '2. We demand an end to the 1 present) policy on na-
tional minorities....
" `3. We demand a clear disclosure of the country's
economic situation....
" '4. Factories should he directed by workers and spe-
cialists. The present wage system should be reformed, as
should working norms and the disgraceful condition of
social benefits, and so forth. Trade unions should truly
represent the interests of the Hungarian working class.
`5. Our present agricultural policy should be estab-
lislied on new foundations, and peasants should be assured
the right of free self-determination....
" '6. . . . The Rakosi clique, seeking restoration, must
be removed from our political life. Imre Nagy, the pure
and courageous Comiciunist who enjoys the confidence of
the IIungarian people and all those who in the past years
have fought systematically for Socialist democracy, should
be given a suitable post. At the same time, a resolute
stand must be taken against all counterrevolutionary at-
tempts and aspirations.
" '7. The development of the situation demands that
the Patriotic People's Front'2 should assume political repre-
sentation of the working classes of Hungarian society.
Our electoral systetu should correspond to the demands
of Socialist democracy. The people should elect, by secret
ballot, their representatives to parliament and to all the
autonomous organs of our administration.
" 'ti4'e believe that we arc expressing the thoughts of the
nation', says the declaration in conclusion."
12'l'he overall utass organizatioII, led b\ (:onttnuxiis ts and fcllow-
travelcrS, but p-cdoluinantly made up of non-C:onnttunists.
View of the Hungarian capital with the Larnci Bridge, the hossuth Iirid;;c, anti iu the ltacl.grutuul the Margaret Bridge.
llungary (Budapest), January 1956
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
Wednesday, October 24,1956
Additional Soviet military units enter Budapest at the request of the Hungarian govern-
ment. Fighting breaks out between Soviet troops and the Hungarian people.
Changes in the Party Central Committee and in the government are announced. Imre
Nagy replaces Andras Hegedus as Premier, but Erno Gero remains First Party Secretary.
Nagy appeals to the people to stop fighting. Surrender deadlines are announced as fight-
ing continues. The deadlines are moved forward several times, and finally altogether aband-
oned. Rebels capture factories in Budapest. Fighting reported in Debrecen, Szolnok and
Szeged. Government troops recapture the Ganz Machine Works and the Csepel Iron Works.
Morning
Radio Budapest, Home Service
0330 "DEAR LISTENERS, we wish you good morning!
Please listen to our morning broadcast. Dear listeners, we
read you an announcement:
"Fascist, reactionary elements have launched an armed
attack against our public buildings and have attacked our
armed forces. For the sake of restoring order and until
further measures are taken, all gatherings, meetings and
demonstrations are banned. The armed forces have re-
ceived instructions to apply the full strength of the law
against those who break this order. Signed : the Council
of Ministers of the Hungarian People's Republic." [The
announcement is repeated at 0400, 0430 and 0530.]
0450 "Here is an announcement. The Ministry of the
Interior . . . calls on the inhabitants of Budapest not to
go into the streets before 0800 [GMT] unless their business
is of absolute urgency, in view of the fact that the mopping
up of looting counterrevolutionary groups is still in prog-
ress."
0713 "An important announcement follows. At its meet-
ing on October 24, 1956, the Central Committee of the
Hungarian Workers' Party elected as members: Comrades
Ferenc Donath, Geza Losonczy, Gyorgy Lukacs, Ferenc
Munnich, Imre Nagy. Members of the new Politburo
are: Antal Apro, Sandor Gaspar, Erno Gero, Andras
Hegedus, Janos Kadar, Gyula Kallai, Karoly Kiss, Jozsef
Kobol, Gyorgy Marosan, Imre Nagy, Zoltan Szanto. Al-
ternate Politburo members: Comrades Gcza Losonczy,
Sandor Ronai. The Central Committee reaffirmed and
strengthened the position of Comrade Erno Gcro as First
Party Secretary. Secretaries of the Central Committee are
Comrades Ferenc Donath, Janos Kadar, Gyula Kallai.
The Central Committee moved that the Presidium of the
People's Republic elect Comrade Imrc Nagy Chairman of
the Council of Ministers, and Comrade Andras Hcgedus1
First Deputy Chairman. The Central Committee instructed
1 Had succeeded Nagy as Premier (or "Chairman of the Council
of Ministers") in April 1955.
the Politburo to draft a resolution for the solution of the
problems confronting the Party and the country.
"Attention! attention! We repeat the announcement.
Imrc Nagy has become the new Premier and Andras
Hegedus his First Deputy."
0800 "Attention! Attention! The dastardly armed attacks
of counterrevolutionary gangs during the night have
created an extremely serious situation. The bandits have
penetrated into factories and public buildings and have
murdered many civilians, members of the national defense
forces, and fighters of the State security organs. The gov-
ernment was unprepared for these bloody dastardly attacks
and therefore applied for help, in accordance with the terms
of the Warsaw Treaty, to the Soviet formations stationed
in Hungary. The Soviet formations, in compliance with
the government's request, are taking part in the restora-
tion of order." The announcement goes on to appeal for
public calm and order, and support for the "Hungarian
and Soviet troops maintaining order."
0820 Minister of Interior orders curfew until 1300.
1110 Imre Nagy addresses the nation. He says, in part:
"People of Budapest, I inform you that all those who, in
the interest of avoiding further bloodshed, lay down their
arms and cease fighting by 1300 hrs. [GMT] today will be
exempted from prosecution. At the same time, I state that,
using all the means at our disposal, we will realize as soon
as possible the systematic democratization of our country
in every field of Party, State, political and economic life.
Heed our appeal; stop fighting and secure the restoration of
calm and order in the interest of the future of our people
and our country."
Nagy goes on to promise the development of "Socialism"
in a manner "corresponding to our own national charac-
teristics," and the "radical improvement of the workers'
living conditions." He excoriates "hostile elements" who
"joined the ranks of peacefully-demonstrating Hungarian
youth," and "turned against the People's Democracy,
against the power of the people." He reiterates the am-
nesty offer, the call for order, asks workers to "defend the
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
Andras Hegedus
factories and the machines," and says. "Out future is at
stake. 't'he great road of progress of our national existence
lies before us. . . . Line up behind the Party, line up be-
hind the government!" The speech is followed by the Na-
tional Anthem.
1120 Reports that a "five-start negotiating committee of
the. awned men in Baross Square" went to Nagy and told
hint they were willing to lay down their arms if the am-
nesty was absolute. "'t'heir proposal was accepted.'
1122 Statement by Zoltan Tildy2 appealing for the
restoration of order.
Similar appeal by MEFESZ:' contntittrr: "Let u, line
up behind Comrade Imre Nagy and the Central Commit-
tee in a spirit of revived Leninism.'
1130 "National independence, friendship with the So-
viets on the basis of mutual respect and complete equality
yesterday afternoon university youth began its demon-
stration with these correct ideas. ... What has happened
to these ideas in a single night? . . . What have the tinis-
lcd youths, and the counterrevolutionary bandits hiding in
I President of Hungary 1946-1948, President of Smallholders'
Party until its dissolution in 1948.
ss United Association of Hungarian University and Academy
Students, revived on October 22 by students who seceded from the
official Communist youth organization (DISZ)
" Hungarian national colors.
their ranks, done with the beautiful patriotic thoughts?
Shooting in the streets accompanied by our National .1rr-
thent! The plundering of the slanghterltouse accompanied
by the waving of red, white and green' banners! ... Rob-
bing, plundering, the shedding of workers' blood under the
cover of the sacred ideas of national independence and
sovcteignty. These are no patriot,! T'hi's ire black scoun-
drels or misled adolescents. The soldicrs and workers who
come to disarru them are the true patriots. Wr erect them
and the Soviet soldiers rushing to help Client. LcI the popu-
lation of our capital help thrnr cv,'rvwhcr''-
I1,16 Staternerrts from "student, of tbc medical and Ii-gal
faculties of Pec, Crtiversitc lit(] ItIld('111.1 of [It(.
High School," condeninirtg " es ci c count'rrevolutiouar s
provocation" and hacking Nao% in further liberalization.
Similar statements born the National Council of Hurntnarian
Worsen and the National Peace C',onucil.
Erno Gero
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
Wednesday, October 24, 1956-Afternoon
Radio Budapest, Home Service
1223 "DEAR LISTENERS, a large armed group has laid
down its weapons at the corner of Szondi and Vorosmarty
Streets."
Repeats amnesty offer, for all who surrender, including
"members of the armed forces."
"Several listeners ... have turned to us for explanation
of the conditions and the purpose of the arrival of Soviet
troops in Budapest.... These Soviet units are stationed in
Hungary in accordance with the Warsaw Pact. On Tues-
day, the enemies of our people turned the demonstration
of university youth into an organized counterrevolutionary
provocation, and with their armed attacks endangered
order and the life of the people throughout the country.
The Hungarian government, conscious of its responsibili-
ties, in order to restore order and security, asked that So-
viet troops help to control the murderous attacks of coun-
terrevolutionary bands. These Soviet soldiers are risking
their lives in order to defend the lives of the capital's peace-
ful population and the peace of our nation . After order is
restored the Soviet troops will return to their bases. Work-
ers of Budapest, welcome with affection our friends and
allies !"
1254 "Attention! Attention! In a few minutes it will
be two o'clock [1300 GMT]. Those who surrender before
that hour will be exempt from martial law. Attention! At-
tention! We request that our listeners put their radio sets in
their windows. We want to inform counterrevolutionaries
and those who were misled that, if they surrender before
the deadline, they will be exempt from martial law."
1307 Announcement that the deadline for surrender
under amnesty had been extended to 1700 [GMT]. "The
armed forces which had penetrated the radio studio build-
ing have now announced that they are ready to surrender."
1312 "Women! Do not let your husbands run into
deadly danger. You must prevent them from supporting
counterrevolutionary forces. Mothers! Do not let your
sons run in the streets where they face deadly gun barrels.
Women! Do not let yourselves be fooled by provocateurs."
1353 "Attention! Attention! The Minister of the In-
terior ... has ordered a curfew from 1700 [GMT] on Oc-
tober 24 to 0500 [GMT] on October 25. The above meas-
ure is designed to serve the interests of the peaceful popu-
lation, as the city has not yet been cleared of certain iso-
lated counterrevolutionary groups. During the time the
curfew is in force the gates of all housing units must be
kept closed."
Appeal by the National Trade Union Council for
the restoration of order. Says "largely well-intentioned"
demonstration was "turned into a counterrevolutionary
movement by irresponsible elements and provocateurs.
Many politically inexperienced youth were won over."
Reiterates confidence in Imre Nagy and the new govern-
ment. Also appeals for order in the name of the Petofi
Club.
1425 Announces the restoration of order at the Ganz
Shipyard, "where, after a siege of three hours, the armed
provocateurs were driven out." Similar announcement
about two other plants.
1455 "In the name of all Hungarian journalists the
National Association of Hungarian Newspapermen wel-
comes the fact that our country has reached an important
milestone of democratization." Statement goes on to sup-
port Nagy, agrees with demands of youth at demonstra-
tion, and condemns "irresponsible elements and enemy
provocateurs." Appeals for order.
1645 Announces fifteen minutes remain until end of
amnesty period. Appeal for order to "misled" youth and
students from the DISZ Central Directorate.
1650 Statement by Arpad Szakasits5: "My friends, my
comrades and old comrades-in-arms! I share with you
these tragic hours of our People's Democracy for which
we have fought so many difficult battles. These heart-
breaking hours do not permit me to speak of the things
which have brought us to this moment. We do not now
need to speak of the things which have led us to this mo-
ment. We need not now speak of the severe errors com-
mitted in the areas of our political and economic life, be-
cause our Party and our entire working class are ready to
make up for those errors.... It is the more agonizing that
the peaceful demonstration which was to reflect the en-
thusiasm of our youth and of our working people has been
utilized by anti-democratic irresponsibles who still weep
for a return to the past." He appeals for order.
1655 "Only a few minutes to take advantage of the gen-
erosity of our government ... and avoid the death sentence
of court martial."
1657 An appeal to bakers to continue making bread.
1710 Announcement that members of fighting groups
are abandoning arms in doorways, and appeals to the
population to hand arms over to the police.
1730 "The anger and indignation of the working class is
expressed in telegrams addressed to the Central Committee
from all parts of the country." Names of such factories
and enterprises are then given.
The Presidency of the PPF National Council issues an
5 Secretary-General of the Social Democratic Party at the time
of the 1948 merger with the Communists, was subsequently Presi-
dent of the combined Party, and followed Tildy as President of
Hungary, 1948-1950.
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
appeal condemning "counterrevolutionaries and provoca-
teurs" and backing Nagy.
Richard Horvath, President of the Peace Council of
Catholic Priests, calls on the nation to trust Nagy.
1748 "The parents of Laszlo [last name unintelligible],
17 years old, have been notified that their son is taking
part in the fighting. His mother has had a nervous break-
down. If he wishes to see his mother alive he should go
home immediately."
Wednesday, October 24, 1956 - Night
Radio Budapest, Home Service
1900 "IN CONNECTION with the appalling events in
Budapest, Jozsef Grosz, Archbishop of Kalocsa, at present
Chairman of the Bench of Bishops, has made the following
statement:
"'The standpoint of the Catholic Church is open and
clear. We condemn massacre and destruction. Members
of our flock know this. Therefore, I sincerely hope that our
believers will not take part in such activities, but will give
an example by preserving quiet and order, and try to assure
the Hungarian future by peaceful work.' "
1900 Reports of heavy fighting in certain areas. State-
ment that sizable Army armored units together with Com-
munists and workers, are battling groups armed with auto-
matic pistols, machine guns, hand grenades and other
weapons.
1900 Description of street fighting around Budapest
radio station: "There was a state of siege in the radio
building, but transmissions went out undisturbed. Later,
two trucks arrived with armed hooligans. They occupied
nearby buildings and fired at the studio. Only then, as a
last resort, after many guards had been killed and count-
less wounded, were the guards given the order to fire."
1945 Janos Kadar," a Secretary of the Central Com-
mittee, addresses the nation. He says, in part:
"It is only with glowing anger that we can speak of this
attack by which counterrevolutionary, reactionary elements
have risen against the capital of our country, against our
people's democratic order and the power of the working
class. . . . Only surrender or complete defeat can await
those who stubbornly continue their murderous and, at the
same time, completely hopeless fight against the order of
our working class. At the same time, we must be aware
that the provocateurs, surreptitiously entering the fight,
have been using as a cover many people who have lost
their way in these hours of chaos, and particularly many
young people whom we cannot consider conscious enemies
of our regime. Accordingly, now that we have reached the
stage of liquidating the hostile attack and with a view to
avoiding further bloodshed, we have offered and are offer-
6 Had been a Minister of the Interior, and was a Central
Committee member when, in 1951, he was arrested in connection
with the Rajk case. Tortured in prison. Released in 1953. Made
a member of the Central Committee Secretariat in July 1956.
ing to these misguided individuals who surrender volun-
tarily the possibility of saving their lives and futures and
returning to the ranks of honest men.
"The fight is being waged chiefly by the most loyal units
of our People's Army, by the members of our Internal
Security Corps and police, showing heroic courage, and by
former partisans with the support of our brothers and allies,
the Soviet troops.... The path of decisive reform is open
to us. It is for you to cleanse and free this path from every
counterrevolutionary force."
1950 "The Party and government are masters of the
situation. This does not mean, however, that order and
calm prevail everywhere. The situation at 1900 hrs.
[GMT] tonight in the capital is that there are still several
pockets where armed fighting against our people's demo-
cratic regime is being conducted, despite the fact that arms
were laid down in many places.
"The organs of the Party and government are present
everywhere and consequently they know that in many places
individual groups continue to put up resistance, even at
this hour, simply because they misjudge or are ignorant
of the situation. These groups are being asked repeatedly
to lay down their arms, as their situation is hopeless."
2023 "The Hungarian Red Cross appeals to its activists
and blood donors to report, if possible by telephone, to the
ambulance services of their place of work or place of resi-
dence so that in case of need the greatest possible help can
be given to those who require it."
2103 "The Budapest directorate of the Hungarian State
Railways appeals to those of its workers who have not yet re-
ported for work to go to their places of work tomorrow
morning."
2103 "We inform the population of Budapest that the
state of emergency is in force as of 1700 [GMT]. This fact
will be taken into consideration in judging the cases of
counterrevolutionaries who surrender voluntarily."
2230 "Here is a comment made by a government spokes-
man: Comrade Imre Nagy has already stated that we do
not want reprisals, we want reconciliation. However, this
presupposes complete surrender and firm steadiness by the
sober elements. Everybody is now working to this end."
2230 Statement that all Budapest ambulances are in con-
stant use, and that three buses have been put into service
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
transporting the wounded to hospitals in quieter sections
of the city. Points out that ambulances do not discriminate
in giving aid but help all those in need.
2300 "We shall now read a communique on the situa-
tion prevailing at midnight [Budapest time].... The situa-
tion has further improved. The armed attackers are in-
creasingly isolated. In some places, however, they have
begun new actions. They are carrying out surprise attacks
in groups of two or three.
"The Party and government are snaking every effort to
restore order as soon as possible. . . . More and more fac-
tories are starting work and it is planned to examine
streetcar tracks immediately to prepare for the restoration
of service on certain lines. Further bloodshed is senseless.
The government demands most categorically that the
armed aggressors cease their resistance, surrender_ or throw
away their arms. The government is master of the situa-
tion. Let peaceful, constructive work start in as many
places as possible, in factories, enterprises and shops."
Thursday, October 25, 1956
The Nagy government claims its forces have restored order in Budapest, but admits fight-
ing continues. Erno Gero is relieved as First Party Secretary and replaced by Janos Kadar.
Nagy and Kadar announce that, following restoration of order, negotiations for withdrawal
of Soviet troops will be initiated. Nagy promises to reconvene parliament and to consider
a reform program and reorganization of the government.
-Morning
Radio Budapest, Home Service
0330 "BEFORE we begin our musical program, here is
an appeal by the Budapest Party Committee and the
Budapest City Council:
"People of Budapest, comrades. The counterrevolution-
ary gangs have by and large been liquidated. It is possible,
however, that small groups attempting to escape might
try to take cover in some houses. Our armed forces con-
tinue the final liquidation of counterrevolutionary groups.
The Budapest Party Committee and the Budapest City
Council appeal to the people to try to prevent, for their
own sake, the entry of these elements into their houses.
They suggest that tenants' committees organize gate guards
to prevent armed elements from hiding in the houses."
0345 "The Minister of the Interior appeals to those
who have unlicensed arms, ammunition or explosives in
their possession to hand them over to the competent dis-
trict police officers within 24 hours. . . . Action will be
taken under the appropriate regulations against those who
fail to obey this appeal."
0345 "Most of the workers in the food industry have
been working almost without interruption for the past
two days.... There have been difficulties regarding bread
and milk supplies because available supplies could not be
delivered, due to street fighting and transportation difficul-
ties.... There is enough bread in Budapest to satisfy con-
sumers' needs. There is also enough milk. . . . Sufficient
quantities of meat, sugar, lard, edible oil and margarine
are available."
0350 "Life at the large Budapest railroad stations, par-
ticularly the East and West Stations, began again on
Wednesday. The fact that many railwaymen were unable
to get to work caused much worry...."
0400 "Communique on the situation as of 0300. The
situation has improved considerably in comparison with
conditions described in the communique during the night.
The attackers are laying down their arms and surrendering
en masse. Many of them have thrown away their arms.
Individual groups of attackers are moving toward Sorok-
sar [a 'village 10 miles southeast of Budapest] with the
obvious intention of escape. Another group, with stolen
trucks ... is fleeing towards the Western frontiers. Meas-
ures have been taken by local garrisons to halt and disarm
them. Only a few groups are still putting up resistance in
Budapest, in Rakoczi Street near the Palace Hotel, in
Magdolna Street, and near the Ferencvaros Railroad
Station. Adequate forces will capture and disarm these
groups shortly.
"The fighting at the radio station has not yet completely
ended either. A small number of those [attackers] on the
premises have not yet complied with demands for sur-
render. There is shooting going on. The operations to
clear the broadcasting station completely will start after
daybreak.
"There are still small groups, composed of a few people,
who wander about the streets or take up positions in door-
ways. They are firing, taking advantage of the darkness
of night and the dim light of dawn. Smaller groups of
Hungarian police and military forces are carefully combing
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
Imre Nagy
the city. Daylight will facilitate this work. Robbers and
bandits have tried to take advantage of the cover of dark-
ness. Several thieves have already been arrested.
"The police have received information on plans to rob
several department stores.... i'bis bears testimony to the
fact that only common criminals are attempting resistance
in order to be able to rob and continue their excesses. The
Party and government are firmly in control of the situa-
tion....
"The Budapest Party Committee and the City Council
have appealed to the people of Budapest to begin work
. . . quietly and in a disciplined manner. They have also
requested that workers not be transported to factories or
offices in trucks, because some counterrevolutionary groups
are trying to escape by truck and also because such a
method of transport might give opportunity for provocative
acts. Schools will not be open today."
0.500 "The Council of Ministers has issued the following
communique:
"On orders of the Council of Ministers . . . the Army,
the State security forces and armed workers' guards have
liquidated, with the help of Soviet troops, the attempt at
a counterrevolutionary coup d'etat on the night of October
24-25. Counterrevolutionary forces have been dispersed,
with only minor armed groups and isolated snipers still
active here and there. The government appeals to the
people to start traffic- streetcars, trolleybuses and buses-
wherever possible. Workers must resume work. Let fac-
tories produce and offices and enterprises operate. On the
other hand, all educational establishments, i.e., the general
and secondary schools and higher institutes of study, will
remain closed until further notice. Shops must open at
the usual time. The government and the Budapest City
Council have instructed the competent organs to assure
a systematic supply of commodities and food for the pop-
ulation."
0545 "Counterrevolutionary gangs have set fire to sev-
eral public buildings, dwellings and department stores in
Budapest. . . . At present there is a tremendous struggle
to extinguish a serious fire at the National Museum."
0630 "We call the people's attention to the fact that the
ban on meetings and public gatherings is still in force."
0630 "The. police have retaken the Budapest Szikra
printing plant from armed provocateurs and misled per-
sons. The counterrevolutionary forces which occupied the
building surrendered this morning and left the plant with
raised hands."
0723 "Counterrevolutionary bandits attempted in sev-
eral places to occupy the telephone exchanges but these
attempts were frustrated with the help of State security
authorities."
0738 "Szabad Nep, the newspaper of the Hungarian
Workers' [Communist] Party, did not appear on Wednes-
day, and today will not appear until noon. The reason for
this is the series of tragic events which took place in our
capital since Tuesday night, of which one center was the
Szabad Nep building.
"Delegations of university students visited our [Szabad
Nep] offices very frequently beginning early Tuesday after-
noon, and asked us for space to print their resolutions and
demands. In the evening, the demands and resolutions
changed in contents and in tone. Many demonstrators
came to our office and reported tragic events. The more
sober of these young people became quite desperate, and
said, 'We did not want this.'. "After 2100 [GMT] the situation changed radically. The
demonstrators were different people. . . . After that hour
only the howling of counterrevolutionaries and misled
young people could be heard in the square in front of S__>a-
bad Nep. They demanded that Szabad Nep publish an ap-
peal for a general strike.
"Then the siege of the building began. The provoca-
teurs attacked with stones, and smashed the building's
windows and the glass panels at the entrance. . . . The
attackers pushed their way into the building around mid-
night. They set fire to the S-abad Nep bookshop, broke
into it and set the books on fire. . . . Several attackers
climbed to the sixth floor and tore down the Red Star.
Then the armed attackers (for they had by this time ob-
tained weapons) demanded that the staff hand over the
building's loudspeaker system. This the staff refused to
do, but the attackers found it and broadcast inflammatory
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
and seditious slogans and appeals to the square below.
The crowd advanced yard by yard further into the build-
ing, breaking, pilfering, smashing. A woman stepped out of
a room. She belonged to the demonstrators, but they
thought that she was a member of the editorial staff, and
shot her dead....
"The attackers had by then occupied the whole build-
ing, and found the entrance to the printing plant. . . . It
was due to the calm attitude of the printers and journalists
that the demonstrators did not destroy the valuable ma-
chines...."
0740 "The Minister of Defense ... has issued the fol-
lowing appeal:
" `I instruct those members of the Army who, for one
reason or another, have been separated from their units
to report to their commanding officers at their formations
immediately, not later than 1100 [GMT], October 25... .
Signed: Colonel General Istvan Bata, Minister of De-
fense.' "
0815 Order of the Day from Defense Minister Bata:
"Exploiting the students' demonstration on October 23,
organized counterrevolutionary forces in the capital made
an attempt to overthrow our peaceful people's power with
armed force in the interest of their vile, anti-democratic
aims. Soldiers, NCO's and officers of the Hungarian
People's Army held their ground with honor in the fight-
ing to put down this counterrevolutionary attempt on
October 24. They, have proved that even in the most
difficult times they are loyal defenders of the power of the
people, of the proletarian dictatorship.... Together with
the police and with the units of the fraternal Soviet Army
they insured . . . the defense of our People's Democracy
and the power of the people. I order that, with increased
activity and full determination, the soldiers of our People's
Army completely eliminate by midday the counterrevolu-
tionary forces still to be found in Budapest...."
1047 "Although the restoration of order is progressing
well . . . certain irresponsible elements and small groups
are trying to cause confusion, shots are being fired... .
We call on the population in its own interest not to go
out into the streets unless it is absolutely necessary."
1133 A communique from the Party Politburo:
"At its meeting today the Politburo of the Central
Committee of the Hungarian Workers' [Communist] Party
relieved Comrade Erno Gero of his post of First Secretary
of the Central Committee. The Politburo appointed Janos
Kadar as First Secretary of the Central Committee. Fol-
lowing the Politburo meeting, Comrade Kadar and Com-
rade Imrc Nagy will broadcast statements. [The com-
munique is repeated several times, followed each time by
the words, "Hungarians, put out the national flag on your
houses."]
Thursday, October 25, 1956-Afternoon
Radio Budapest, Home Service
1200 "ATTENTION! Attention! Here is an important
announcement :
"We ask our listeners to place their radio sets in their
windows, if possible. The Party and government appeal
to the Hungarian working people to help in restoring order
so that peaceful constructive work can start as soon as
possible. The Party and government appeal to everyone to
return to his place of work or to his home, to put an end
to demonstrations, and thus help isolate and eliminate
those attacks which continue to assail the workers' power."
1213 "We announced a few minutes ago the decision
of the Politburo. According to the reports of our corres-
pondents the people of Budapest received the news with
joy. In Angyalfold [a district of Budapest] the workers
embraced and kissed each other. The people have hoisted
national flags over their houses. There were cheers every-
where. On the Great Boulevard, Museum Boulevard and
elsewhere, the National Anthem, and the Marseillaise are
being played."
1418 "Now Comrades Janos Kadar and Imrc Nagy
will address you. Comrade Janos Kadar, First Secretary
of the Central Committee, is speaking:
"Hungarian workers, dear comrades! The Politburo of
our Party has entrusted to me the post of First Secretary
in a grave and difficult situation.... The grave situation
in which we are involved is characterized by the fact that
various elements are mixed up in it. The demonstration
march of a section of our youth, which started peaceably in
accordance with the aims of an overwhelming majority
of participants, degenerated after a few hours, in accor-
dance with the intentions of anti-democratic and counter-
revolutionary elements which joined them, into an armed
attack against the State power of the people's demo-
cracy....
-"Comrades, the Central Committee of the Party pro-
poses to the government that, after order has been restored,
the government should conduct talks with the Soviet gov-
ernment in the spirit of complete equality between Hun-
gary and the Soviet Union, brotherly cooperation and
internationalism, for the equitable and just settlement
of questions pending between the two Socialist countries.
"Workers, Communist comrades, be unflinching and
firm. Defend the order of the people's power, our Socialist
State and the future of the working people."
1425 "You will now hear the speech of Comrade Imre
Nagy, member of the Politburo and Premier:
"Working people of Hungary, during the past few days
our country has lived through tragic events. A small
group of counterrevolutionary provocateurs launched an
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
armed attack against the order of our People's Republic,
an attack which has been supported by part of the workers
of Budapest because of their bitterness over the situation
of the country. This bitterness has been aggravated by
the political and economic mistakes of the past, the
remedying of which has been made absolutely imperative
by the situation of the country and the general desires of
the people. The new Party leadership and the government
under my direction are resolved to draw the fullest lessons
from the tragic events. Soon after the restoration of order
the National Assembly will be called. At that session I
will submit an all-embracing and basic program of reform.
"This program will embrace all important problems
of our national life. This program demands the reorgan-
ization of the government on the basis of the unification
of broad democratic national forces represented by the
reorganized Patriotic People's Front. For the realization
of this program it is absolutely necessary to stop the fight-
ing immediately, to restore order and peace, and to con-
tinue production... .
"As Premier I wish to announce that the Hungarian
government will begin talks with the Soviet Union con-
cerning the relations between the Hungarian People's
Republic and the Soviet Union, and, among other things,
concerning the withdrawal of the Soviet forces stationed
in Hungary. These talks will be carried out on the basis of
equality and national independence between Communist
Parties and Socialist countries. I am convinced that Hun-
garian-Soviet relations built on this basis will provide a
firm groundwork for the future friendship between our
peoples, for our national development and our Socialist
future. The withdrawal of Soviet forces whose intervention
in the fighting has been made necessary by the vital in-
terests of our Socialist order will take place without delay
after the restoration of peace and order.
"Toward all those who took up arms without the in-
tention of overthrowing our people's democratic order and
who immediately stop fighting and hand over their arms,
toward all those youths and workers and soldiers who do
this, the government will display far-reaching generosity
in the spirit of reconciliation and understanding, and to
them martial law will not apply. At the same time, in the
interest of the working people who desire peace and order,
and in defense of our democratic State, we will apply the
full severity of the law to those who continue armed at-
tacks, who continue to incite and plunder....
"I am filled with profound grief over every drop of
blood shed during these tragic days by innocent victims
among our working people. Let this tragic fight, this use-
less shedding of blood, be ended. Hungarians, friends,
comrades, let us set out under the leadership of the Party
along the road of peaceful and creative work, building
a better, more beautiful Socialist future for our people."
1548 Gabor Tanczos, Secretary of the Petofi Club, reads
an appeal on behalf of the club leadership:
"Friends, Hungarian young men and women, I speak to
you in the name of the Petofi Club, the organization which
has done so much in the past few months to fight for true
democracy and for the elimination of Rakosi's shameful
individual tyranny. We greatly appreciate the enthusiasm
you have displayed in the past few days. We respect your
true patriotism. We are quite certain you have nothing
to do with certain stupid elements demonstrating their
cruelty. We know that the mistakes committed by the
wrong leadership of the now-relieved Erno Gero have
filled many with bitterness and have led them to commit
acts they did not originally intend.
"But now our leadership is good. Janos Kadar, who
has suffered in the prisons of individual tyranny, has be-
come First Party Secretary. Imre Nagy . . . heads the
government. We must begin working and studying at last.
No more precious human blood must be shed. We must
prepare for great deeds, for the building of a truly demo-
cratic Hungary, Socialist in a Hungarian way and equal
with any other nation. We must achieve a democratic
school system, university reform, and improvement of
students' hostels. But we cannot build, give accommoda-
tions, raise the standard of living and educate while the
guns are roaring."
1602 Announcement of curfew from 1700 [GMT] to
0500 [GMT], during which time all house entrances must
be locked.
1745 Message by Gyula Hay.' He says in part:
"I was with you and marched among you through the
streets of Budapest, arm in arm.... I have been fighting
along with you for years for a new, young literature, for
honor, for youth, for truth and for the people. I know you
and I know that you are honest patriots, that every breath
you draw is true. If need be I would stand before any tri-
bunal in the world and declare: these young people are-not
criminals, they deserve no punishment.
"But this testimony will not be necessary.... Imre Nagy
is our man, his program is our program. Janos Kadar
learned in Rakosi's prison what the Hungarians must be
protected against. . . . We must immediately revert to
peaceful methods; fighting must stop immediately. Even
peaceful demonstrations should not now be undertaken,
because they might be misinterpreted. Guard your lives
now, your country will need you badly in the new Hungary
freeing itself from tyranny. This is the message of your
loving old friend, Gyula Hay, the writer."
I Communist author and playright who, as a "rebel," played a
prominent role in the recent ferment of liberalization.
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
Thursday, October 25, 1956-Night
Radio Budapest, Home Service
of those detained by the authorities in the course of armed
clashes have been executed. The Ministry of Justice has
ascertained that this is not true."
Radio Budapest, in French to Europe
2300 "We will now describe the situation in Budapest.
On Thursday morning work was resumed in most Buda-
pest factories. Food shops have reopened and in the morn-
ing business was resumed in several markets. During the
morning there were no particularly grave incidents. To-
ward midday the number and intensity of armed clashes
increased and they continued late into the afternoon. These
clashes resulted in deaths and injuries at several points
in the capital....
"According to the latest information, the population has
generally received with satisfaction the news of Erno Gero's
dismissal, and the armed clashes decreased both in number
and in intensity in the evening. Nevertheless, new inci-
dents have taken place this evening at several points in
the city. A curfew is in force but several groups are still
gathered in the streets.
"During the morning an attempt was made to restore
transportation, but in view of the incidents this plan was
abandoned. In the afternoon stores closed, with the ex-
ception of food stores and pharmacies. . . . According to
information from the provinces, demonstrations have taken
place in several provincial towns, but for the most part
these were carried on in a relatively orderly fashion."
cc
RuMORs are circulating in the capital that many
Radio Free Miskolc*
At sonic time (luring this day. a station identifying itself
as "the Miskolc studio of the IInngarian Radio" broke into
the air with the following:
"End the massacre of Hungarians in Budapest. Do not
believe lies. Let them withdraw Soviet troops from
Hungary. Strike!
"We have had enough of this. Enough of the autocracy
of certain leaders. We too want Socialism, but according
to our own special Hungarian conditions, reflecting the
interests of the Hungarian working class and the Hun-
garian nation, and our most sacred national sentiments.
"We demand the elimination, without any other con-
sidcrations, of all persons who compromised themselves by
tlu cult of personality.'
* At this date, Soviet troops were in action only in Budapest. It
was therefore possible for patriotic Hungarians, Communist or
otherwise, to broadcast freely over provincial radio stations. All
stations not under the domination of Soviet forces will herein be
described as free.
"The cult of personality": a term stressed at the Soviet
Twentieth Party Congress denoting Stalinist methods of rule.
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
"We demand that those Communists and non-Com-
munists who, in obeying the principles of proletarian in-
ternationalism, honor above all our Hungarian national
tradition and thousand-year history be given the most
important positions in the Party and government.
"We demand the revision of the institutions of the State
security authorities and the immediate elimination of all
leaders and functionaries who are the slightest degree com-
promised.
"We demand an open trial of Mihaly Farkas before an
independent court, regardless of the possibilities that this
trial will compromise individuals currently holding im-
portant positions.
"With regard to the grave errors committed in the
field of planned economy, we demand the immediate dis-
missal of the responsible leaders of the planning organs.
"We demand an increase of real wages.
"We believe our demands will be realized if our parlia-
ment ceases to be an election machine, and the members of
parliament cease to be yes-men.
"We demand that March 15 be proclaimed a national
holiday, and we also demand that October 63 be declared
a national memorial day."
3 Anniversary of the execution by the Austrians of rebellious
Hungarian generals, 1849.
Friday, October 26, 1956
Fighting continues throughout the country. Insurgents take the entire area between Mag-
yarovar and the Hungarian frontier station of Hegyeshalom.
The Party Central Committee pledges: 1. election of a new government based on the
Patriotic People's Front (PPF); 2. correction of past mistakes; 3. negotiations with the
USSR for withdrawal of Soviet troops and the establishment Of relations between the two
countries on the basis of complete equality; 4. acceptance of workers' councils and raising
of wage rates; 5. a complete amnesty to all participants in the fighting.
Morning
Radio Budapest, Home Service
0330 THE COUNCIL of Ministers calls upon the people
of Budapest to remain at home, not to go into the streets,
except for those in essential industries who must have their
identity cards with them.
0447 The Council of Ministers and the Minister of the
Interior announce that gradual restoration of order makes
it possible for the people of Budapest to buy their most
necessary goods between 0900 in the morning and 1400
hrs. in the afternoon.
0552 The Minister of Internal Trade and Food In-
dustry calls on all workers in food and transport industries
to do all in their power to keep their facilities available
from 0900 in the morning to 1400 in the afternoon so
that the people may buy their necessities.
0621 The Council of Ministers and the Finance Minis-
ter decree that plant managers are, "in accordance with
instructions, [to see] that workers and employees receive
the wages due them, or sufficient advances."
0647 Excerpts from Szabad Nep article, "Order and
Peace are Needed":
"Enough bloodshed! For three days blood has flowed
in the streets of Budapest. . . . Because it is still necessary
to do so, we shall speak of the reasons that caused the in-
surrection, about the oppressing responsibility of a wicked
leading clique, alien to our people, which cannot be idcn-
tified with the Party. We shall speak about the mistakes
in that clique's policy, its crimes and its blindness. We
shall say that not only those participated in the insurrection
who were induced to do so by their bitterness about our
country's situation, but also real counterrevolutionary forces
and other bad elements. . . . The Premiership of Imre
Nagy, the replacement of Erno Gera, the first declara-
tions of Imre Nagy and Janos Kadar, and the expected
reform of the government show that we have at last begun
to take the right measures. However, we still have much
to do, very much indeed, before we can say that the na-
tional and democratic demands of our youth and our
working people have actually been realized.... Calm and
order are needed for all this. . . . Peace and order are
needed so that Soviet troops can be withdrawn from Buda-
pest as well as from Hungary, so that Hungarian-Soviet
relations can be settled with justice....
"... At the demand of the people, the leadership of the
government has been assumed by Imre Nagy, who has
incessantly fought against sectarian errors and offenses,
and who is excellently versed in Hungarian reality.
"Under his leadership [the government's] . . . program
is an independent Hungary building Socialism, democ-
ratization of our social and economic life, the national
unity of patriotic forces, and growing prosperity.
"During the next few days the National Assembly will
meet to give constitutional sanction to these changes of
vast importance....
"The Party's top leadership is almost completely new.
Just how new is this Party leadership? Let it suffice to say
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
that all three Secretaries-Janos Kadar, Fercnc Donath,
and Gyula Kallai-have for years been prisoners of the
Rakosi-type of despotism. As victims of faked trials they
spent years in prison, from which they have only recently
been released. If anyone knows that one must not walk
on the old road, they do. Let Communists explain that
he who wants to set the people against these leaders and
wants to spread mistrust against them, helps everybody
except the people."
0900 The Minister of the Interior warns that all who
have firearms will be shot at by mopping-up troops. No
one is to go out into the street after 1400 [GMT]. Traffic
across the bridges is prohibited at any time.
Radio Free Miskolc
0010 "Comrade Imre Nagy declared furthermore that
no disturbances or provocations have taken place in Mis-
kolc or Borsod County. He requests the people of Mis-
kolc and Borsod Counties to see that this does not happen
in the future either...
"The Committee of the workers' council of Greater
Miskolc and the Party Committee, independently of the
answer made by Comrade Imre Nagy ... just read, have,
on the basis of the resolution of the working people . . .
decided to maintain the demands they have submitted as
long as they are not fulfilled in their essence.
"Our proclamation issued to the workers in connection
with these demands, and which bears the Kossutlr arms,
consists of five points, as follows: 1. We demand that the
Soviet Army leave the country immediately; 2. A ne~,w-
Ilungarian government; 3. The right of workers to su'ike;
4. Complete amnesty for Hungarians who have participa-
ted in the revolution; 5. As long as these [dem[ands] are not
fulfilled the people of Borsod County and Greater Miskolc
respectively will strike, with the exception of railways,
mining, health services, public supply, electric power sup-
ply, and the press... .
"Young workers and students: conduct yourself in it
disciplined manner. 1)o not. offer any reason for any. in-
terference by the authorities. We are able to assert our
demands without bloodshed. In the attainructtt of their
ends you can furnish the people of Budapest the greatest
aid if you carry on the strike in a disciplined manner and
if you do not demonstrate unnecessarily. Do not commit
any provocation or any sabotage, because the only thing
we would achieve by that would he the weakening of our
common forces.
"Assist its and do not give way to ill-considered en-
thusiasm and student romanticism. We are not cowards
but we cannot be irresponsible either. We understand
your anxieties on account of the events in Budapest, but we
are anxious for you too. The country needs not heroic dead
but honest working citizens.
"In the interest of insuring the withdrawal of Soviet
troops we have sent a telegram to the Council of Minis-
ters. Have confidence in us! We have been elected by the
workers and not by the government!
".. . The workers' council furthermore requests leaders
of enterprises and plants to elect their representatives to
United Press
Patriots (rang red, white and green flag of llongary from a gov-
ernurent building during an anti-Soviet deuronstration on October
25. The harunrer and sickle in the flag was ripped out, leaving
the flag as it was before the Coutrunnists took over the country.
these councils with the utmost urgency, without regard
for Party affiliation and with due regard to the confidence
of the working people... .
"Signed: the leadership of the workers' council of
Borsod County and Greater Miskolc."
Radio Pecs
0120 "This is Radio Pecs. We notify the inhabitants
of the city and County that there is no such thing as it
revolutionary committee. What happened is this. One
or two irresponsible elements, posing as a revolutionary
committee, broke into the studio in the evening hours and
had an announcement read. [Signedj Colonel Gyorgy
Bradaes, head of the Baranya County district of the Minis-
try of Interior.
"Attention! Attention! We now read an important an-
nouncement. Attention! Attention! Curfew! Curfew! Un-
til further notice, in the area of the city of Pecs, I order
a curfew until 0400 [GMT]. It is prohibited to be in the
streets and squares. Gyorgy Bradacs, Colonel."
0130 "... all State and social organs of the city of Pecs.
stand firmly on the side of the People's Democracy. They-
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R004000170003-9.
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
have not gone over to the side of the Revolutionary Com-
mittee and will not do so. Wherever they get hold of
them, they will hang them on the spot."
* Pecs is the county seat of Baranya County. Station seems to
have changed hands at this point, henceforth backing the rebels.
Radio Free Baranya* (Pecs)
1045 "The resistance groups Kinizsy and Zrinyi should
report and keep in contact! Until further instructions, the
direction of the attack remains unchanged."
Friday, October 26,1956 -Afternoon
Radio Budapest, Home Service ful work.... We are requesting you, who still have weap-
ons in your hand and endanger the lives of innocent peo-
1200 "THE WORKERS of Borsod County have issued plc: lay down your rifles and pistols and no harm will
an important proclamation. Imrc Nagy has agreed to the befall you.
"To you, demonstrators with honest intentions and to
demands of the Borsod workers. .The proclamation, members of the Army: disarm the troublemakers!
among other things, sharply and firmly condemns the you, mDisarm those endangering the achievements you have al-
crisis. which carried the country to the brink of a grave ready made. The very urgent present tasks demand that
crisis. The proclamation states that the Borsod workers rfrom you-for your mothers, younger brothers and sisters.
want reit and want to nip in the bud any possihle at It is really high time to deliver them from the difficulties
tempt a at t resto o ration. of the state of siege, from starvation."
"They enumerate 21 points in their demands ... public
trial ... of Mihaly Farkas and his associates; revision and 1210 "University students! You have firmly expressed
publication of foreign trade agreements; correction of the opinion of the country. The majority of the workers
serious errors in planned economy and removal of those of the capital gathered around your justified demands.
responsible from their posts; utilization of uranium, a na- Now be the champions of restoring order and discipline,
tional treasure, in accordance with the interests of the your demands having been fulfilled.
nation. In those points dealing with raising the living "Tell your friends that bloodshed no longer makes
standards, the Borsod workers demand a rise in basic sense. Begin restoring order, clearing the road to re-es-
wages in the various categories, abolition of concealed tablish transport and the circulation of life. The workers
price increases, lowering of the pension age, increases in of Budapest ask that of you now!"
pensions and family allowances, the abolition of the tax on
those who are childless, extension of the reduced fare con- 1306 "Armed young people, we appeal to you who are
cessions on railways, increased housing construction, and still fighting. Precious Hungarian blood is flowing on the
support for the small dwelling house building schemes.... streets of Budapest. Avoid this senseless bloodshed! The
"As regards political questions, they agree to the fullest new government will consistently satisfy your demands.
extent with the political changes in a Poland led by Go- Young patriots, enough bloodshed. We Hungarians are so
few. Let there be no more shedding of patriot's blood. Lay
mulka. They condemn the `yes men' of the Hungarian down your arms and the People's government will not put
National Assembly and demand that Soviet troops be before a summary tribunal. Do not be afraid to sur-
January from the territory of Hungary at the latest by you
render to the armed forces in charge of maintaining order.
January 1. Young patriots, come, we are waiting for you. The govern-
Nagy the workers of Borsod and Miskolc, Comrade Imre that no harm will be done to you.
Nagy replied that he agreed with every point.... Tonight, mc guarantees
o the Armed Faeces in charge you.
or tomorrow morning, a new government will be formed, [Signed:] gnc] Headquarters
a Patriotic People's Front government. . . ." maintaining order."
1545 "Declaration of the Hungarian Workers' [Com-
1200 "It is evident now that changes of colossal impor- munist] Party addressed to the Hungarian people:
"tanceTh heavemosttakien mp ortaportant in Hungary. gary. was that during the last "Since the two world wars our country has not experi-
days a new government was formed under Imre Nagy's enced days as tragic as the past few days. A fratricidal
leadership. Yet that great victory required many sacrifices, battle is raging in the capital of our country. The number
ravages and deaths, sufferings of mothers and children, of injured can be estimated to run into the thousands and
as well as fuel and food shortages. The difficulties. were. the dead into the hundreds. An immediate end must be
increased by the fact that looters and striplings shooting put to the bloodshed. To insure this, the Central Com=
aimlessly got mixed up with the university students, young mittcc is resorting to the following measures:
workers, and those who fought for political aims. They "I. The Central Committee of the Hungarian Workers'
have already caused much harm and today represent the Party addresses a proposal to the presidium of the National
most important obstacle to settlement. They hinder peace- Council of the Patriotic People's Front to put a recom-
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
mendation before the Presidential Council of the People's
Republic for the election of a new national government.
This government shall have the mission of making good
without fail the mistakes and crimes of the past and, rely-
ing on the entire nation, help to solve our people's every
legitimate demand, and with our people's inexhaustible
strength, create a free country of well-being, independence,
and Socialist democracy. The Central Committee, led by
Comrade Imre Nagy, is presenting recommendations re-
garding members of a government to be formed on the
broadest national foundations.
"2. The new government shall begin negotiations with
the Soviet government on the basis of independence, com-
plete equality and noninterference in internal affairs to
settle relations between our countries. As a first step toward
this end, after the restoration of order, the Soviet troops
will immediately return to their bases. Complete equality
between Hungary and the Soviet Union corresponds with
the interests of both countries, for only on that basis can a
truly fraternal, unbreakable Ilungarian-Soviet friendship
be built. It is on that basis that relations between Poland
and the Soviet Union are now being reshaped.
"3. The Central Committee deems correct the election
of workers' councils in the factories through the inter-
rrtediary of the trade union organs. To satisfy the legiti-
mate material demands of the working class, wage increases
must be implemented within the limits of our material pos-
sibilities; maximum efforts must be made in the first place
for those in the lower-paid brackets.
"4. The government shall grant an amnesty to all those
who have taken part in the armed battles, with the sole
provision that they lay down their arms immediately, but
by 2100 hrs [GMT] at the latest.
"5. The Central Committee and the government leave
no room for doubt regarding their stand on the basis
of Socialist democracy, but at the same time they are firmly
resolved to defend the achievements of our People's Democ-
racy, and not to give up any [essential part] of it. Their
program is suitable as a unified rallying point of every
honest patriot. The Central Committee is not oblivious to
the fact that our People's Democracy still has bitter and
desperate enemies and appeals to Communists, Hungarian
workers-and primarily the workers---the armed forces,
former partisans, the firm protectors of the people's power,
with the warning that those who take up arms against the
State power of our People's Republic and fail to lay down
arms within the fixed time limit, shall be annihilated with-
out mercy.
"6. Immediately after order has been restored, we shall
set about elaborating all the changes to be realized in our
people's economy, farm policy, People's Front policy, our
Party's leadership, and other activities, so that thc prin-
ciples of Socialist democracy may be fully enforced.
"Through consultation with all the people we shall build
up and realize the great national program of a democratic,
Socialist, independent and sovereign Hungary. Let the
nation's unity and reconciliation replace the tragic era of
murderous fratricide! Let the wounds heal which we have
Hungarian patriots crowd aboard a captured Soviet tank on its
way to fight Russian troops in the streets of the Hungarian capital.
October 26.
inflicted upon ourselves! If we want to live, we must begin
a new life. It is up to us alone to achieve- after the hor-
rible tribulations--internal peace, life without fear, pro-
ductive work that results in prosperity and freedom, the
rule of law and justice in our country. and a democratic
Socialist Hungary, built on new foundations.
"[Signed] The Central Committee of the Hungarian
Workers' Party, Budapest, October 26. 1956."
1756 "Attention! Attention! The curfew has been in
force since 1400 [GMT] today. From that. time on, gates
must he closed everywhere. Concierges and chairmen of
the tenant committees must insure that gates arc not
opened to anybody who has no business in the house and
is not registered as living in the house. In this way, let
them contribute to the restoration of order and calm."
Radio Budapest, in French to Europe
1310 "Nepszava, the newspaper of ilic National Trade
Union Council, announces under a banner headline :
`No one has been executed and no one has been brought
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
before a court of summary jurisdiction.' Citing a com-
munique of the Ministry of justice, the paper refutes
rumors claiming that several persons have been executed
after arrest... .
"Nepszava carries the immediate program defined by the
Hungarian trade unions. Here are its political points:
"1. End of fighting. Proclamation of amnesty and open-
ing, with trade union participation, of negotiations with
youth delegates; 2. Constitution of a broadly-based govern-
ment with Imre Nagy as Chairman and with the participa-
tion of trade unions and youth. Revelation in absolute
frankness of the country's economic situation; 3. A law to
.assure material support to those who have been disabled
in the course of the tragic fighting and to the families of
the dead; 4. In the interests of maintaining order, reinforc-
ing the police, and the army, the formation of a great na-
tional army composed of workers and youth; 5. Formation
.of a working youth organization with full trade union sup-
port; 6. The government to be formed should immediately
initiate talks with a view to the withdrawal of Soviet troops
from our country.
"Economic points in the Hungarian trade union pro-
gram :
"1. Constitution of workers' councils in every factory
with the participation of intellectuals in the factory. Instal-
lation of a worker directorate, parallel with the radical trans-
formation of the centralized planning system. . . . Imme-
diate formation of workers' councils which should [con-
tract] without delay with their trade union centers to fix
the tasks; 2. Readjustment of salaries to be launched with
an immediate rise of 15 percent for salaries of less than 800
forint and of 10 percent in salaries of less than 1500 forint.
The fixing of a ceiling salary of 3500 forint per month;
3. General end to production norms with the exception of
factories where workers or workers' councils desire their
maintenance; 4. Abolition of the four percent bachelor and
childless family tax. 5. Increase of the lower pension scales
with due consideration for length of service; 6. Increase
in family' allowances to bring about a radical improvement
in the material situation of large families; 7. Speed-up of
large-scale housing construction financed by the State and
cooperatives, and organization of a powerful social move-
ment by individuals for mass production of housing.
"8. Imre Nagy's promise should be kept regarding the
initiation of negotiations with the Soviet government and
the governments of other countries for the establishment of
economic relations assuring reciprocal advantages on the
basis of the principle of equality. Hungarian trade unions
should function as they did before 1948. They should
change their names and henceforth be called `Free Hun-
garian Trade Unions' and submit this name to the trade
union congress.
"Signed: Presidium of the Central Council of Hun-
garian Trade Unions.
"Nepszava also carries the demands of the writers, con-
tained in the following points:
"1. The units of the State security forces should cease
fire immediately. 2. Soviet units should be recalled to their
bases. 3. Total amnesty for all combatants and soldiers.
4. Maintenance of order should be assured by the Hun-
garian People's [regular] Army. 5. Imre Nagy should form
a government of national unity immediately and this gov-
ernment should step to the helm of the national movement.
6. Workers' councils should be elected in all factories.
"This list of demands was signed: Hungarian writers
and artists."
Radio Free Nyiregyhaza
1730 The executive committee of the workers' coun-
cil calls for peace and order, and applauds the workers'
". . . march to the main square of the town, carrying
the national colors, giving strength to our new life unfold-
ing in the spirit of broad national unity. This peaceful
demonstration was worthy of the workers, working peas-
ants, white-collar workers and students of Nyiregyhaza....
"The working people of Nyiregyhaza trust that the new
government will act without subterfuge, sincerely in the
spirit of humaneness, and in the interest of our people,
supported by the broad democratic national forces. The
workers of the town compiled their demands and the print-
ing shop printed them immediately in hundreds of thou-
sands of copies...."
Friday, October 26, 1956 - Night
Radio Budapest, Home Service
1807 "TiE CENTRAL Committee of the Hungarian
Workers' Party has adopted . . . the reform program of
the people of Budapest demanding a national and Social-
ist renovation. This program outlines a truly national, in-
dependent policy and does not avoid the awkward ques-
tions which have been the reason for so many misunder-
standings, and more than once for unreasonable hatred.
1835 ". . . We have been living at our posts for eleven
years, on this soil, thirsting for the time of our human and
national existence. We longed for that . . . but here at
home we were given the drink of lies with which to quench
our thirst ... the world tempted us with concocted brews.
In this troubled situation, after longing for years, could we
do anything else as sons of our nation than what we have
done? We brewed a soothing and reviving drink for our-
selves. This is an eternal warning to ourselves and to the
world. It tells us that we should have carried out the revo-
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-R DP,80B01676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
Free Lusrnpe Press
The. Hungarian security police (AVIT) building a day or so after it was raptured by the ireelloni fighters. 9 Hungarian flag flies from
the balcony.
lotion of our age ourselves. Since we did not do this, but
accepted it as a gift, years have come to us which tried to
distort our traditions, which fettered our nature, and which
gave us doubts about our future. In this false situation,
the people could not find their peace, and their creative
power was threatened by paralysis. Therefore, what is hap-
pening, had to happen. The chalice in which drops of
Hungarian blood sanctify the reviving drink warns the
world to watch over the dignity of human existence with
more care and a purer soul. The powers, which consider
it right and proper to live in their own system, should give
us the opportunity to live in our own human and national
form. This form is nothing else--it cannot be anything else
than Socialist democracy and national independence. In
governmental matters, a national government could fill
this form with the will of the people...."
18,55 The Central Committee issues a statement on the
election of factory workers' councils, recommending c1cc-
Lion of councils in all plants. "The workers' council should
decide on all questions concerning production, administra-
tion and plant management. A director's advisory board
should be appointed by the council to assist the permanent
factory director.
"It shall be the duty of the workers' council to draw up
the production plan for the plant and to devise and intro-
duce a reformed wage scheme. The workers' council shall
decide on investments and maintenance, including social
amenities. At present, it shall be the duty of the workers'
councils to safeguard order and discipline in the factories."
The Central Committee also states that its resolution on
the subject was not the outcome of "a few hours of de-
liberation," but had been contemplated since "the July
Resolution," and had already been put into effect in some
factories.
The Central Committee Resolution of July 1956, issued after
Gcro replaced Rakosi as Party First Secretary, which promised in-
creased liberalization.
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO 1676R004000170003-9
". . . By organizing workers' councils for the defense of
factories, let our working class give support to the new
Politburo of the Party and the new government in estab-
lishing order and setting about constructive work under
new conditions."
1904 "In the spirit of appeasement, the government is
extending its amnesty decree to all persons who surrender
their arms before October 26, 2100 hrs...."
1908 An appeal by the Central Committee to the armed
forces, soldiers, armed workers, and "comrades": "Treat
those who lay down their arms humanely. Let them go
home after they surrender. Buts after the expiration of the
time limit, deal an annihilating blow to all those who con-
tinue the armed struggle against the people's power...."
1945 "Communists, patriots, workers, in order to defend
our Socialist democracy and the power of our people, the
leadership of the Party has been reformed and the govern-
ment is being reshaped. You know your leaders well. You
know that they are true Hungarian patriots. Their perse-
cution [in the past] is a personal guarantee of the fact that
the program they have elaborated will be implemented.
"Our enemies so far have been able to take advantage of
the crimes of the past, the justified and long unsatisfied
demands of the workers. They have misled many honest
patriots. But now the declaration of the Central Commit-
tee, the words addressed to the entire Hungarian people by
Comrade Janos Kadar, First Secretary of the Central Com-
mittee, and Comrade Imre Nagy, the new Chairman of the
Council of Ministers, are based on the implementation of
the most important, correct, and rightful demands of the
workers....
"Signed: The Budapest Party Committee of the Hun-
garian Workers' Party."
2042 "Another 18 minutes and the time limit set by the
Central Committee and the Presidential Council for the
laying down of arms will expire. Another 18 minutes and
we shall put an end to the bloodshed in Budapest. We can
end this fratricidal fight. The fight which the young have
begun, we may safely claim, has triumphed. Further blood-
shed would be senseless.
"An independent Hungary, the further development of
democracy, the punishment of the guilty, and the forma-
tion of a government under Imre Nagy were the objectives
for which young people marched in the street processions.
Most young people took up arms for these objectives.
These demands have been fulfilled, as is evident from the
Central Committee's declaration published earlier....
"There may be some people who think that the amnesty
declaration is a sign of weakness on the part of the gov-
ernment. No, this is out of the question. We are not in the
habit of using threats and we do not approve of a policy
of intimidation, but we must declare that those who do not
yield to conciliatory words and for whom the amnesty de-
cree is not enough will come up against the force concen-
trated in the hands of the government.
"Let the bloodshed come to an end! Let us cease this
fight! This is our supreme endeavor. This is the interest
of all of us. There are only 16 minutes to go. Lay down
your arms!"
2050 "In the streets of Budapest the surrender of arms
is in progress. Since a great many misled youths who wish
to surrender their arms are unaware of the precise methods
by which the arms should be surrendered, we announce the
following for their information:
"After a white flag has been raised, arms and ammuni-
tion may be handed over to the nearest military unit or
patrol. If there are no such units or patrols in the vicinity,
the arms and ammunition should be deposited in doorways
in the streets. Those who deposit arms may pass on without
hindrance."
Saturday, October 27, 1956
Formation of a new government is announced. The cabinet is headed by Nagy.
Communist personalities in the government include Zoltan Tildy and Bela Kovacs.
Morning
Radio Budapest, Home Service
0515 "DEAR LISTENERS, here is an appeal from the
Ministry of the Interior: As a result of the amnesty granted
by the government, the majority of the fighters laid clown
their arms last night and the mopping up of elements pro-
voking armed fights in Budapest is continuing successfully.
But some failed to realize the seriousness of the situation,
even after the Party and government amnesty. Therefore,
further military operations are necessary. In order to be
able to free the people of Budapest from the hardship they
may suffer in connection with the mopping up, we call
upon the people of Budapest not to leave their dwellings
until further notice. We also call upon tenants' committees,
self-defense committees, and janitors to help in the im-
plementation of our appeal."
0554 "Attention, attention! The curfew applying to the
territory of Budapest, issued by the Armed Forces' High
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
Command, remains valid until revoked. We call upon the
people of Budapest to remain in their homes today, Octo-
ber 27, and not to expose themselves to danger. . . . In
cases of absolute necessity persons moving about indi-
vidually may leave their homes until 0900 but the military
are forced to use their arms against groups of more than
three.
"Signed: Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces."
0600 "Enough bloodshed! Enough ransacked streets!
We would love to know whether our children, our relatives
are still alive. We would love to be together again... .
We would love to enjoy life again; we would like not to
fear death any longer.... Life which will develop in Hun-
gary after order has been restored will be more beautiful,
more human, more Hungarian, than ever before.... The
realization of these plans is guaranteed by the new govern-
ment, which is national and democratic, and which is led
by Imre Nagy.... Those who accept the new Hungarian
democratic government will cease fighting immediately, but
those who continue fighting, who still choose the means of
bloodshed, do not want the democratic revival of the coun-
try, but support the return of the landlords, the bankers,
of the Eszterhazys and of the Weissmanfreds'... .
0630 ". . . in every district many groups,. profiting by
the amnesty decree, have laid down their arms. . . . In the
fifth district one could only hear distant firing. In the
ninth, there was some shooting from houses by persons who
had taken refuge there. In the tenth, there was less fir-
ing. In the eleventh, shots were fired on Soviet tanks from
the University of Agrarian Sciences. This developed into
an exchange of fire."
0710 "Attention! Attention! Dear listeners, we now
read a message: Anna Marie Vas and Lajos. Cseri are to re-
port immediately to telephone 121-373, for they will have
to go away today."
0833 "We apologize to our dear listeners for the break
in our transmission from 0827 to 0831 hrs. because of tech-
nical difficulties. We will now read an appeal:
"To all house committees :
"The house committee and the house guard and all in-
habitants of the house should prevent snipers from hiding
in the houses and on the roofs for the mopping-up opera-
tions which are being carried on against them would en-
danger the lives of the inhabitants. In many places around
houses, under doors or perhaps inside, weapons may have
been left behind. House committees should report this
immediately to the nearest Army or police station.
"Because of difficulties in transmitting news, rumors
have been spreading. House committees, Communists, and
all inhabitants of houses, should do all they can to sup-
press these rumors, and do everything to reassure the peo-
ple and restore peace and order.
"Signed: Military Command."
0900 The news reports that resistance has been broken
except for "certain isolated groups."
i The former were the greatest family of landowners in pre-
Communist days, the latter the greatest industrialists.
"The Council of Budapest has asked us to broadcast the
following:
"Workers of the Budapest Public Works, workers in the
food and in the retail industry. It is the fourth day that a
bloody battle has raged in the streets of Budapest. The
capital's supplies arc sufficient. The public works employees
have continued their work during the past days, in many
cases at the risk of their lives, to assure water, gas and
electricity to the population of the capital. The people of
the capital feel a deep gratitude to those bakery workers
who, by their heroism, have gone to their places of work,
often amid the greatest danger to their lives, to bake the
bread necessary for the public supply.
"The same refers to workers in the milk industry, the
retail workers, and the transport workers. The retail food
distributors have solved an almost impossible problem
when, in the short time at their disposal, they managed to
satisfy the essential demands of the people. In the name
of the capital's population we thank all the workers...."
1018 "The Presidential Council of the Hungarian Peo-
ple's Republic, on the recommendation of the Central
Committee of the Hungarian Workers' Party and the
Presidium of the Patriotic People's Front National Council
has elected a new government of the Hungarian People's
Republic. The composition of that government is as fol-
lows: President of the Council [Premier], Imre Nagy;
Deputy Presidents, Antal Apro, Jozsef Bognar, Ferenc
Erdei. . . ." [For a complete listing of this government,
see Appendix, p 111.]
1100 "The strength of groups of wreckers active in
Budapest has been broken. By 2100 [GMT] last night,
large quantities of arms had been surrendered to Army
formations. Many have thrown away their arms and
ceased fighting. By this morning only three counterrevolu-
tionary centers remained. Their liquidation is, in progress.
Those insurgents who laid down their arms by 2100 last
night were allowed to go home without delay. The streets
of Budapest are being cleared by Army troops in coopera-
tion with units of the Soviet Army, and weapons which
have been thrown away are being collected.
"Curfew will continue until order is completely re-
stored. Civilians in Budapest and of several country towns
have called our attention to the fact that armed groups
in the capital and in the countryside are distributing leaf-
lets which contain declarations made in the name of the
government and in the name of other organs, which are
causing confusion. They give us permission to state that
these leaflets are falsifications. The people should not be-
lieve the contents of any leaflet which is not in accordance
with the spirit of Comrade Imre Nagy's statements and
the resolutions of the Central Committee. . .."
1128 "The Presidium of the National Council of Trade
Unions issued the following appeals:
"Workers, the wish of the working class has been real-
ized. Enterprises will be managed by workers' councils.
This completes the process of taking over the factories as
the property of the people. Workers, technicians, you can
now regard the enterprises entirely as your own. From
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
now on you will manage them yourself. The over-central-
ized management of the factories which prevailed up to
now will cease, along with the faults arising from it.
"Great responsibility rests with workers' councils. There-
fore, you must elect members of workers' councils with
great circumspection and from the best and most experi-
enced workers. The new government will increase the
wages of those with small salaries. The sooner you start
production in the factories and the better our workers'
councils operate, the sooner higher wages can be paid.
Support, therefore, the new Hungarian government in its
efforts for Socialist construction and a free and demo-
cratic Hungary.
"Signed: the Presidium of the National Council of
Trade Unions."
1135 "Last night we reported armed action during the
past few days at Szolnok. The workers' council now re-
futes this information: apparently the broadcast was
based on false information. Szolnok students and young
workers send a message to their parents that they are to-
gether and in good health."
1150 "The President of the Council of Ministers [Imre
Nagy] has ordered creation of a governmental committee
for food supply. This committee, the head of which will
be Zoltan Vas, will function for a transitional period, and
will guarantee the food supply of the population.
"Signed : Imre Nagy."
Saturday, October 27, 1956-Afternoon
Radio Budapest, Home Service
1212 "
Ni;w national government has been formed
and took the oath with Comrade Imre Nagy at its head,
pledging to lead the country out of the tragic situation
into which it was plunged by the political neglect and
errors of the past years. The government will assure its
consolidation by realizing the announced national pro-
gram. This is a beautiful and immense task; no Hun-
garian government has had a similar task for a long time.
"Whild listening to the list of Ministers, the first ques-
tion that arises is: will this government be able to cope
with the tasks it faces? We are sure that they are willing
to do so, for during the past years every one of its mem-
bers proved that he or she is a Hungarian patriot, loves
the country and its people. They were often calumniated
for having spoken up for our common cause. This govern-
ment is not only willing; it is capable of realizing its ob-
jectives. Its members arc experienced politicians who have
proved during the years following liberation that they are
qualified statesmen. It is capable of the tasks because it
feels the entire population behind it. We are sure that this
government will face all its difficulties in order to fulfill
consistently the demands of the present day. The govern-
ment is capable of solving its problems because its leaders
also represent truth, Socialist democracy, national inde-
pendence, and equality of rights for all people....
"The composition of the new government proves that
several Hungarian politicians have come back to the places
they deserved to occupy after having been neglected for
years. This is a satisfaction which they received from the
country. This is also a satisfaction to the country because
those persons now heading the government enjoy the con-
fidence of all of us."
1303 A member of the Dunapentcle2 delegation sends a
message to Poland telling how all the Hungarian workers'
demands have been met.
1406 "Appointed by the Presidential Council, I have
today taken over the post of Minister of Defense. I ex-
pect every member of the Army to support me in my
responsible and difficult task and to carry out my orders
without fail. I herewith order: 1. Armed units to con-
tinue without respite to liquidate armed resistance nests
and to restore order; 2. Units on alert to increase their
vigilance and to prepare to execute their battle tasks; 3.
Orders issued so far to remain in force.
"Signed: Lt. General Janza, Minister of Defense."
1537 "The Minister of the Interior has issued the fol-
lowing order: Budapest-Appointed by the Presidential
Council, I have taken over the direction of the Ministry of
the Interior today. I expect every employee of the various
organs of the Ministry to do his work with the same ex-
emplary devotion to duty as hitherto.
"Signed : Ferenc Munnich, Minister of the Interior."
1550 "The Government of the Polish People's Republic
has sent great quantities of medicine to help the Hungarian
people. Included in the consignment there is a great
quantity of blood plasma, dextrose and bandages, as well
as various other important pharmaceutical articles. . . ."
1610 "All Budapest telephone centers are in operation,
although not at full capacity. No further damage has been
2 The original name of the small town, about 40 miles south of
Budapest, where the Communists built the new town of Sztalin-
varos to house the workers in the new f Joseph] Stalin Steel Works.
In these days of the revolution the town, composed of 25-30,000
workers, changed its name back to the original Dunapentele.
24
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
caused to the telephone cables or centers. As was an-
nounced by the Postmaster General, although there may
be some technical breakdowns in some telephone centers,
these will gradually be repaired."
Radio Free Miskolc
1435 The workers' council of Borsod County and of
Miskolc "greet with joy" the formation of a new gov-
ernment but will continue to strike until "our demands
and, above all, the one concerning withdrawal of Soviet
troops, are fulfilled. The council counts on you to strike
in a disciplined manner. Hold out! Victory is near!"
1440 "For two days the city of Miskolc has been under
the leadership of the workers' council and the students'
parliament. The workers' council has taken over control
of the garrison and the police. The demands of the
workers' council and of the students have been made
publicly known by radio and press--the twenty-one points
of the workers' councils as well as the universities' eleven
points. As you know, the county strike committee has also
called on all plants in the county to strike, with the excep-
tion of mail, transport, communications, food supplies,
health services and power plants."
1445 "The government still does not comply with our
demands, and especially with our most important demand
that Soviet troops be withdrawn at once. In yesterday's
message the government said, `Let order be restored and
Soviet troops will withdraw to their bases.' The workers
of Borsod County adhere to the stand they have taken and
demand immediate withdrawal of Soviet troops. Soviet
troops shall stop military operations at once and shall im-
mediately begin withdrawing from our country. Only
after this will there be order in the country. Only after
this will Borsod County stop the strike. The entire work-
ing class of Borsod County sticks as faithfully to the primary
demand as it did two days ago."
1450 "The fact that there have not been any large-scale
disturbances of order in Miskolc and in Borsod County is
primarily due to our good and honest working class, patri-
otic to the bone. Let us be proud of this. Let its continue
to avoid disturbances of order. Let us help our worker
guards in the maintenance of order, but let us also continue
to seek by means of strike the immediate fulfillment of our
demands.
"Signed: the Workers' Council of Borsod County and
the students' parliament."
1453 "Dear Hungarian Premier [Nagy]. We inform
you that yesterday the workers' council took power in
Borsod County in every respect. The Army and police are
under its control. Soviet troops are showing a neutral atti-
tude and have not interfered in our affairs. The workers'
council adopts as its own all your demands and stands for
amnesty for all Hungarians who have participated in the
revolution. Stalinist provocateurs who yesterday shot into
the people have been reached by the just punishment of
the people.
Free Europe Press
A Hungarian Army anti-tank gun used against Soviet tanks. It is
standing before a motion picture theater. Signs front the theater
have been placed on the gun. Roughly translated, they ntcan
(froth bottorn to top) : "held over" (i.e. `'The fight goes on")
"Only for those over sixteen"; "Box office will be open."
"Dear fighting Hungarian brothers. We arc supporting
your demands. We are fighting for the immediate with-
drawal of Soviet troops. We have contacted the Russian
command . . . about this matter so that they can discuss
the matter with their superior command at Moscow and
leave the country at once. In the meantime, the Soviet
Army is showing a passive attitude....
"Signed: the Workers' Council of Borsod County."
Radio Free Pecs
1615 "Workers, workers of the city of Pecs! The Army
units in our town agree with those demands of the
workers in the various plants which were broadcast by
radio. We are also the sons of workers, of miners, peasants
and intellectuals. We also know that the economic con-
dition of our workers has not improved. On the contrary,
it has constantly deteriorated. We know that the people-
workers, and everyone- -judge the policy of a government
from the point of view of how the living standard was
raised... .
Radio Free Gyor
1747 ". in our opinion the fighting must cease im-
mediately . . . in the interest of bringing this about . . .
the State security authorities in the entire country must
disband. The State Security Committee must be disarmed
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
and the arms taken over by the Hungarian People's [regu-
lar] Army.
"Secondly, the Party Central Committee and the gov-
ernment should take measures to see that the armed Soviet
soldiers stationed in Hungary stop fighting and have the
assurance of a free withdrawal from the country. The
Party's county administrative committee supports the
workers' power of Gyor-Sopron County and its leading
organization, the Provisional National Council of Gyor-
Sopron County, which in itself includes the workers' coun-
cil, the soldiers' council, the peasants' council, the intellec-
tuals' council, and the youth council. This has nothing to
do with counterrevolution but ... only with national de-
mands...."
1750 "People of the town and county should report po-
lice matters not to the national council but to the municipal
police station...."
"... The workers of the above-mentioned factory [Moson-
magyarovar] express their respect for and gratitude to the
garrison of Gyor which will always be remembered in
Mosonmagyarovar. On October 26 it came to our res-
cue ... and liberated our town...."
Saturday, October 27, 19 5 6 -Night
Radio Budapest, Home Service
1907 STATEMENT by Prof. Gyorgy Lukacs, Minister of
Culture:
"The main task of the new government is to make a
most radical break with this narrow-minded and petty
[word unintelligible] trend and to make use of every sound
initiative springing from all strata of the Hungarian people
so that every true Hungarian can look upon the Socialist
Hungarian fatherland as his own. The task of the Minis-
try of People's Culture itself is the realization of these
principal aims in the field of culture. We do not want to
bring it into Hungary as an imported article."
2000 "In Budapest the strength of armed groups has
been broken...."
2015 "The Ministry of Defense has issued the following
communique :
"The town council of Baja called the Ministry of De-
fense this afternoon and asked for information about the
following rumor: `Misleading rumors have spread in
Baja about Soviet troops being engaged in large-scale mil-
itary operations in Budapest. Are these rumors true?'
"The Minister of Defense informs the inquirers that this
rumor is not true. The bulk of the armed groups was liqui-
dated by this morning. Military action [is now] confined
only to a few nests. It is true that Soviet troops helped,
and are helping, greatly in liquidating groups which have
attacked the workers' power. In many places, however,
insurgents trapped in larger buildings asked if they might
lay down their arms before the Hungarian People's Army
units. This request has been fulfilled.
"As military activities subside, the formations of the
Hungarian Army are gradually taking over everywhere
the task of maintaining.,order. If those few [armed groups]
still resisting do not lay down their arms after being sum-
moned by Hungarian Army units to do so, they will be
completely liquidated."
2218 "The Minister of the Interior informs the people
that the curfew will remain in force tomorrow, October 28.
However, the population will be given an opportunity to
procure the most necessary foodstuffs. The ban on assembly
will also be enforced during this time."
Radio Budapest, in French to Europe
2300 Statement by Bela Kovacs, Minister of Agricul-
ture, to the press:
"I consider the formation of a coalition government
necessary in view of the fact that the Hungarian Workers'
Party cannot conduct the affairs of the country alone. This
circumstance necessitates the restoration of peace, order and
calm.
"It is clear that the task of the new government will not
consist only of the direction of the nation's affairs but also
of the realization of the people's will. To achieve this, it
is necessary that the people give evidence of discipline, con-
demn looting, and defend public property."
Radio Free Gyor
1910 "We shall give a short evaluation of today's
events. The just fight of the people is progressing with
long strides toward complete victory. . . . Yesterday, we
were alone in broadcasting until the evening ... when the
people of Magyarovar won the radio station and Radio
Mosonmagyarovar joined us. Thus we had two powerful
radio stations from which to broadcast for Radio Free
Gyor . . . in the late afternoon we warmly welcomed the
workers of the powerful Szombathely radio station who
this afternoon joined us in transmitting our programs. We
can therefore tell our listeners this evening that Radio Free
Gyor is transmitting, so to speak, to almost the entire Dun-
antul [Western Hungary]: to Gyor, Komarom, Vas, and
also Zala counties. We inform more than half the Dun-
antul about the situation and the achievements of the
people's true fight. We can assume that in other Hun-
garian towns the situation today is similar. The people
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
A Soviet Army cannon which shortly before had been in action against Hungarian patriots horns fiercely in a Budapest street. In the
background another Red Army vehicle barns. October 28.
have taken the direction of our future fate into their oven
hands... .
"We may surely say that there too [Budapest] the true
battle of the nation will soon be won. Among the outstand-
ing events of the day is the change in the behavior and
the mood of Soviet troops all over the country. The Soviet
soldiers who saw that here [in Gyor] it is a question of a
just fight for freedom by the people, declared: `Do not
hurt us and we shall not hurt you. We shall be glad to be
able to return home at last.'
Radio Free Miskolc
2245 "The Hungarian people have, lost confidence in
some men in Irnre Nagy's government. Soviet troops
should stop fighting as soon as possible and leave Hun-
gary. The people of Budapest want to shake off the Rakosi
spirit.
"Workers, students, and soldiers, band together against
the bad memories of recent times. The Gero-Rakosi line
completely lost the people's confidence and, seeing that
they were no longer the masters of the situation, they
called in Soviet troops. Blood has run in rivers and the
bitterness of the people turned into a revolutionary rage.
Should Russia again fling IIungarian liberty in the mud as
it did in 1848?
"Hungarians, patriots, in the past few days something
has been born which did not exist before. No, a thousand
times no, say Miskolc, Pccs, Gyor and all Borsod County.
Hungarians, freedom has not been lost. Today Irnre Nagy
has the people's confidence. But is this enough? Guns are
still shooting in Budapest. Can it he our wish that Soviet
troops should take the arras from our freedom fighters?
Hungarians do not want this to happen. The new govern-
ment should not lean on foreign arms. Rather it should
lean on the people; there is no need for foreign weapons.
"Hungarians do not want to kill Hungarians. The peo-
ple have spoken their judgment with arms. Soviet troops
should be sent home and no more IIungarian blood shed
in Budapest. Imre Nagy should have the courage to get
rid of those politicians who can only lean on weapons used
for suppression of the people. No more Hungarian blood
should be shed in this country. Soviet troops should leave
without delay. Freedom, order and independence for this
country."
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
Sunday, October 28,1956
Local negotiations with Soviet troop commanders reported and in some cases Soviet
forces join the insurgents. The government announces a cease-fire and Nagy states that
Soviet troops will withdraw from Budapest immediately, and that the security police will be
dissolved. He also promises that no participant in the fighting is to be punished.
An emergency committee, composed of Janos Kadar, Antal Apro, Karoly Kiss, Ferenc
Munnich, Imre Nagy and Zoltan Szanto, assumes temporary leadership of the Party.
Spontaneous rise to power of revolutionary workers' councils and local national commit-
tees. A series of political and economic demands accompany this rise. The major ones in-
clude: withdrawal of Soviet troops, political and economic equality of relations between
the USSR and Hungary, revision of the economy, greater democratization of life, changes
in government organization and personnel, dissolution of the security police, protection of
all those taking part in the revolution, withdrawal from the Warsaw Pact, Hungarian neu-
trality, a call for free elections, free speech, press, assembly and worship.
The Patriotic People's Front announces that a countrywide Committee has been created
to coordinate the activities of these various local national committees. The Budapest Chief
of Police announces formation of Hungarian National Guard units.
Morning
Radio Budapest, Home Service
0400 REPORT from the Eighth District:
"A temporary national committee has been formed. It
has started to organize a National Guard for maintaining
order. Its members are being recruited from the Hungarian
Army, the police, the workers, and the young workers.
Workers' councils have been formed in the major plants
of the district. They have already started work. The
workers of the Kelenfoeld power station have done every-
thing they can do to keep the capital supplied with electric
current. They were unable to leave their place of work
for three days and continued working in spite of the fact
that they were without food."
Appeal by the chairman of the government Commission
for Food Supplies, the Minister of Food Industry and the
Minister of Produce Collection to all workers of the baker-
ies, the meat industry, and the dairies to go to their places
of work this morning. Directions to employees of the
Kozert (State food shops), the delicatessen shops, the to-
bacconists, the cooperative shops, and the restaurants to
go to their places of work and start work immediately after
free movement in the streets is allowed in the morning.
0500 "Budapest was quiet during the night. There were
no armed clashes. Negotiations have started between the
armed resistors and representatives of the Army at the re-
quest of the resistors."
0620 "Budapest was quiet yesterday and last night, apart
from the activity of a few armed groups. At the Moscow
Square point of fighting the Army negotiators have con-
cluded a cease-fire agreement with the rebels after several
preliminary talks last night. Concerning the conditions of
laying down arms, the rebels asked for time to consider un-
til 0600 [GMT].
"In spite of the truce . . . the insurgents fired on Soviet
patrols during the night. . . . Eight Soviet soldiers were
wounded. In accordance with the truce agreement the
Soviet soldiers did not return the fire."
0628 An announcement by the Minister of Defense and
the Revolutionary Council of the University of Budapest
calling on persons still putting up armed resistance to hand
over their arms to units of the Hungarian People's Army
which will arrive on the scene accompanied by members
of the Revolutionary Council.
"The Minister of Defense guarantees that they may go
free to join their families after handing over their arms.
The Minister of Defense also guarantees the return to
their units of any Army personnel. If they do not hand in
their arms in spite of the amnesty . . . they must bear full
responsibility for the consequences of further steps."
0800 Report from Ujpest, a suburb of Budapest. Points
of the town which "have been in the hands of insurgents
during the past few days were recaptured by armed
workers' guards during the night."
1000 "Attention! Attention! A message to the resistants
in the Kilian Barracks' and Corvin District [near the bar-
racks]. This message is sent by two negotiators. We have
transmitted your answer to the Commanders of the Soviet
and Hungarian troops. They consider your conditions un-
acceptable. In their opinion the new Hungarian govern-
i The Kilian Barracks were under the command of General
Maleter, who was made Defense Minister on November 3. This
position became a focal point of resistance in Budapest.
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
ment, the list of which you read in the copy of Szabad Nep
we left in your hands, represents the interests of the whole
Hungarian people and will fulfill the most important de-
mands that are contained by the 16 Points. This is also
our conviction.
"Dear friends. You know us well, one of us was your
physician, and we ask you with the good faith you always
experienced on our part to believe us . . . and take our
advice. . . . You will be granted full amnesty after laying
down your weapons and you will then freely return to your
homes.
"Dear friends. We request you to give a second thought
to this appeal. Think of your families and of the civilians
living in the houses across your line of resistance and listen
to common sense.
"The deadline for the laying down of weapons will be
transmitted by a loudspeaker atop a car. We request you
to consider once more this appeal which was prompted by
profound affection."
1003 Szabad Nep editorial:
"We do not agree with those who summarily dismiss the
events of the past few days as a counterrevolutionary Fascist
attempt at a coup d'etat.... We must realize that a great
national democratic movement has developed in our
country.... This movement expressed the workers' claim
to become genuine masters of the factories. This move-
ment expressed the human claim of the peasantry to be
freed from constant uncertainty of existence and unwar-
ranted vexations, and to be able to live their lives as in-
dividual or collectivized peasants as they wish.
"The struggle waged by Communist and non-Party in-
tellectuals for the freedom of constructive work and the
moral purity of our system has strengthened this move-
ment. It was love of country which gave this people's
movement its greatest strength and fervor and rendered it
willing to face even death.
"The demand for the equality and independence of the
country is as all-embracing as the mother tongue we speak.
It is an eternal shame that there were Communists in lead-
ing positions who did not understand the language of their
own people....
"This passion which carries away a whole nation only
once in a century-this passion carried away Budapest's
university and working class youth during the demonstra-
tions on October 23. . . . We must find out what factors
and people are responsible for the fact that this mighty pa-
triotic demonstration was soiled by blood and became the
beginning of the most horrible fratricidal war.
"Let us examine a few facts which may be helpful in
assessing the situation. . . On October 23, 150,000 to
200,000 Budapest youths, joined by a large number of older
people, demonstrated for the fulfillment of just, democratic,
and national demands. The demonstrators demanded
among other things the revision of Soviet-Hungarian rela-
tions and their settlement on a basis of complete equality.
Dissonant voices mixed with the demonstrators'. . . . These
voices went beyond the limits of the struggle waged for
Socialist democracy....
"People were looking forward with great expectations
to Erno Gero's radio address Tuesday night. The address,
however, was a grave disappointment because it proved
that, first, a number of the leaders at that time were un-
able and unwilling to understand the essential character
of the demonstration; second, they could not and did not
want to draw the proper concrete conclusions from the
demonstration. By that time the atmosphere in the street
was tense to the breaking point. Armed fighting started
in various places in the city.
"It is important to point out that ... demonstrators ap-
peared before public buildings shouting such slogans as
`We want independence and freedom; we arc not Fascists.'
It is also true that looting, on a fairly small scale, was done
only by those bad . . . elements who had wormed their
way into the demonstrators' ranks.... In many places the
articles were left untouched behind the broken shop win-
dows.
"All this shows that it cannot be said that after the out-
break of the armed conflict, counterrevolutionaries fought
on one side and units loyal to the regime on the other.
The truth is that among the fighting insurgents there were
in the beginning a very large number of honest patriots,
including Communists....
"The resolution which confirmed Erno Gero in his post
of First Secretary poured oil on the fire, but Imre Nagy's
statement, Erno Gero's dismissal, and the appointment
of Janos Kadar as First Secretary, the declaration of the
newly formed Central Committee and the inclusion of
Zoltan Tildy, Bela Kovacs, Gyorgy Lukacs, and Antal
Babits, met with the approval of a large part of the masses.
The armed conflict nonetheless continued, but on? a
lesser and subsiding scale, after Thursday afternoon.
One of the characteristics of the changed situation was the
fact that the workers began to form workers' councils.
They armed workers and militiamen who with the govern-
ment forces took part in restoring order. We would, how-
ever, be distorting truth if we kept silent about the fact
that bad elements also took part in the demonstration from
the very beginning. These committed armed excesses, es-
pecially after the fighting started, and stood up against
our People's Democracy. . . . One of the proofs . . . is
that ... a number of former Horthyite officers were cap-
tured.
"... In order to avoid bloodshed on a larger scale, we
appeal with sober and calm words . . . to those misled
and intoxicated elements who are still fighting, to cut them-
selves off from the counterrevolutionaries and lay down
their arms.. . . This is the 12th hour for them to turn
back from the road leading to counterrevolution. In Buda-
pest the fighting is nearing its end. We must create order
and calm. Every possibility is at hand for this, for the
whole people desires it."
1100 Report on the food supply of Budapest: "The 228
bakeries in Budapest arc all fully operating; as many as
150 trucks and several horse-drawn carts are carrying
bread to all parts- of the capital; the bakeries have supplies
of flour and fuel for several weeks. The dairies are also
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
operating." Further reports that the milk, butter, cheese,
meat, fat and tobacco supplies are also satisfactory.
Radio Free Gyor
0713 "The Soviet military commander of Gyor has
stated: `We have no intention of interfering in your in-
ternal political affairs. I think that the rising of the Hun-
garian people against the oppressing leaders is justified.'...
"The commanding officer expressed gratitude to all
those [in Gyor] who even yesterday inquired about [the
Soviet garrison's] material needs and gave 40 liters of milk
for their children without having been asked to do so.
"Ile requests us to notify him of any violation of regula-
tions [on the part of the Soviet soldiers] for transgressors
can be severely punished. He mentioned that ... a Soviet
soldier was sentenced to 23 years' imprisonment for strik-
ing a child. Hearing of this severe punishment, even the
mother of the child asked for leniency.
"In his farewell, the Soviet commanding officer . . .
assured us once more that Soviet troops arc not preparing
for an attack of any kind because to them world peace is
as important as the peace of Gyor."
0730 Address to the nation's youth following announce-
ment that the Budapest university students and young
workers had set up the National Council of Free Revolu-
tionary Hungarian Youth in Budapest:
"A . . . justified demand [of yours] which has been suet
is the formation of a national government composed of
truly patriotic Hungarians.... The best Hungarian patri-
ots are among the numbers of the government: Tildy,
Kovacs, and Gycncs. The Party is headed by Kadar, who
was sent to prison for courageous resistance to a tyranny
alien to the Hungarian character."
Appeal by the Vas County National Council:
"The Council is composed of representatives of the old
coalition parties. It has assumed full control in the county,
with authority over the police and Hungarian Army. The
Council's first statement called upon the government in
Budapest immediately to arrange a cease-fire on a rccipro-
cal basis with the Soviet Command in Hungary. Further,
the Hungarian government must secure from the Soviet
government a declaration before world public opinion to
the effect that the Soviet formations in Hungary will be
fully and finally withdrawn from Hungarian territory no
later than January 1, 1957.
"The National Council told the Budapest government
in this memorandum that it will not recognize as gen-
uinely national any government which assumes direction
of the country without acceptance of these two points."
0740 "Workers' councils should be .formed everywhere!
. . . The tasks of the workers' council: it decides upon
every question related to production, management, and
care of the plant. In order to direct production the
workers' council will elect five to 15 persons as a manag-
ing board to assist the permanent director of the plant;
this board will decide upon questions concerning the man-
agement of the factory according to direct instructions of
Hungarian lied Cross workers carrying a red cross flag painted
with lnuuan blood. The volunteers applied first aid and evacuated
the wounded. October 28.
the workers' council. It hires and dismisses the workers
of the plant. . . . The workers' council will decide upon
the wage system best fitted for the plant, upon the plant's
social and cultural provisions and upon the utilization of
the investment funds and of the profit. It fixes the plan
of work of the factory or mine. It is responsible to the
whole body of workers. The main present task of the
council is to guarantee order and discipline at work
places and to start production. It must defend---with the
help of all workers --their common livelihood, the fac-
tory... .
"Signed : The National Council of Trade Unions."
Summary of article in the Gyor-Sopronmegyei Hirlap
[new patriotic newspaper] on the tasks of the national coun-
cils:
"All over the country authentic workers' councils, peas-
ants' councils, soldiers' councils, intellectuals' councils and
youth councils arc now set up. They are truly the people's
councils, which have been and are formed without any out-
side pressure; they are a result of the people's freedom
movement. After years of despotism and terror, in days of
great historical significance, the people found itself in a
time when new and newer needs arise from one moment
to the next, when quick decisions are necessary, in order
to guard during these days everything which is of value,
and prepare for further developments. This is now the
most important demand of the hour. The main task
of the national councils [should be] in the first place the
organization of defense so as to preserve everything of
value, such as machines, granaries and other assets. . . .
The life of the nation must not stop, our population must
cat and all organs which supply necessary food must
not stop, not even for one single moment. . . . Gas and
water supply works must also continue. Our children must
receive their daily milk. Councils must bring closer to-
gether the inhabitants of the city and villages. . . . If we
can secure law and order then we will be able to say:
Gyor-Sopron was really reliable in those critical days!"
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
0751 "There is complete order at Komarom and Tata-
banya [coal center near Tata, Northwest of Budapest]."
0910 Demand by the Gyor-Sopron County National De-
fense Committee of the Hungarian Workers' [Communist]
Party to the Central Committee of the Hungarian Workers'
Party and the newly formed government:
"1. They must dissolve the State security authorities both
in Budapest and the country. They must disarm the State
security agents and hand their arms to the Hungarian
People's Army.
"2. They must insure that Soviet armed forces in Hun-
gary cease fire and leave the country, being granted free
departure.
"This is not a counterrevolution but the national move-
ment of the Hungarian working people. The workers and
peasants in Gyor-Sopron County do not want the restora-
tion of the power of manufacturers and landlords; the na-
tional revolution is not aimed at the restoration of the old
regime.
"The government and Radio Budapest must give an
answer to the demands forwarded to them by the Gyor
workers' delegation. The Budapest Radio must broadcast
the news [of] the Gyor revolutionary events....
0930 Report that a large shipment had arrived the pre-
vious day from the International Red Cross. A shipment
of bandages and blood plasma from the United States was
also received.
0950 "Two Italian newspapermen have arrived from
Budapest. They said that the inhabitants of Budapest
fought very gallantly in the past few days. The security
police has virtually ceased to exist. Security police agents
are discarding their uniforms, they are hiding. The jour-
nalists related that they observed also that on some oc-
casions Soviet tanks sided with insurgents. They said that
at the Budapest city limits they, were asked to identify
themselves. When they said they were Italian journalists
the Soviet soldiers cheered Garibaldi and wished them the
best.
"In the October 27 issue of Nepszava the following ap-
peared : Those Soviet soldiers who sided with the patriots
must be pardoned and given political asylum."
1000 Report of demonstration in Szombathely.
"Zalacgerszeg has not yet reported. Journalists of Zalae-
gerszeg, you know where Gyor lies, you know how to
find the Free Radio of Gyor on your radio set. Please re-
port!"
1115 From the Gyor County National Council, a mes-
sage to Budapest:
"In the name of the Dunantul, the Gyor County Na-
tional Council calls on Premier Imre Nagy to take further
steps. He is summoned to issue instructions at the latest
by 1900 [GMT] on the 28th of October, 1956, to stop the
fighting. For the sake of the fulfillment of this demand
he should request the commander-in-chief of the Soviet
troops to cease fire. We transmit these demands by radio
and we expect Imre Nagy's personal answer by 1900 hrs.
at the latest."
Sunday, October 28, 195 6 -Afternoon
Radio Budapest, Home Service
"IN ORDER TO stop further bloodshed and ensure
peaceful progress, the government of the Hungarian Peo-
ple's Republic has ordered a general and immediate cease-
fire. It instructs the armed forces to fire only if attacked."
1325 "The true reason for the dramatic events of late
are the eight years of Stalinism in Hungary, the unrestric-
ted raging of despotism which was then followed by re-
lief. We said very often that in 1945 we had a chance to
start real construction, to build up a free Hungary. Today
we see clearly that we failed to make use of the chance
which was offered to us ... or, more accurately, we were
not permitted to use the chance offered to us by fate. With
a few exceptions nobody denies today that the great trouble
and sorrow we had to endure was not entirely in vain, we
also profited from the past eight years. So-one may ask-
what was the actual reason for the warfare of the past
days in Budapest? Delay, temporizing. The failure to
understand the real, the actual situation as it was, the dis-
regarding of the will of the people...."
1403 "Radio Free Gyor has just demanded dissolution
of the Warsaw Pact and free secret elections."
1635 Report on this morning's meeting of the Central
Committee of the Hungarian Workers' [Communist] Party:
"The Central Committee approves today's statement by
the government of the Hungarian People's Republic. In
view of the exceptional situation, the Central Committee
transfers its mandate to lead the Party, received from the
Third Party Congress, to a six-member Party Presidium,
the president of which is Janos Kadar and its members
Antal Apro, Karoly Kiss, Ferenc Munnich, Imre Nagy,
and Zoltan Szanto. The mandate of the Party Presidium is
valid until the Fourth Party Congress, which should be
convened within the shortest possible time. In its work
the Presidium relies on the Central Committee and the
Politburo."
Radio Free Gyor
1230 "The Provisional National Council of Gyor notes
that Kossuth Radio [Radio Budapest] has not fulfilled its
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
duty of informing the people in these dramatic days. The
Provisional National Council of Gyor demands that the
government turn over Kossuth Radio to the Hungarian
writers so that the writers may inform the nation in ac-
cordance with the truth and the interests of the people."
1400 "Today in Gyor and other places we are burying
heroes and martyrs." A funeral oration follows.
1455 "The Szombathely unit of the Hungarian Writers'
Union sends enthusiastic patriotic greetings to the Revolu-
tionary Council and the workers' councils. It regards their
problems as its own, since they also bear the writers'
old desires and wishes. The writers also demand from
the government that Soviet troops be recalled from Hun-
gary and cessation of the compulsory teaching of Russian.
"Nothing can halt the victory of our cause now. There-
fore, let the superfluous bloodshed end."
Report on the situation in Szombathely. Announcements
that the workers of the car repair shop have decided to
continue striking until the Russians leave Hungary; that
two political prisoners were freed from the local jail and
handed over to the repair workshop, which is providing
them with full board; that the director of the oil refinery
has been removed and the production personnel placed un-
der the authority ,of the workers' council; that the workers
will not produce any. oil because they do not want Soviet
tanks to be supplied with it.
1-615 Message to the Hungarian youth by Gyorgy
Lukacs, Minister of Culture. He approves and supports
their actions and demands.
1643 "Headed by T. Andras, a miner, the miners of
Balinka [new coal town in Veszprem County west of
Budapest] sent a delegation of seven to Radio Free Gyor.
... Their first demand is that Imre Nagy call on the Rus-
sian troops to begin their withdrawal from Hungary carry-
ing white flags.... How do the miners regard the future?
The future social system of Hungary should be decided by
free elections.. They do not object to the Communist Party
standing with the other parties; the people will decide in
which party it will put its confidence. The delegation,
which represents 30,000 miners, will accept a government
list agreed upon by the insurgents and in this case they
would respect the cease-fire appeal. They demand that
Imre Nagy give a guarantee that he is able and willing to
lead the country out of the abyss.
"Until these demands are met the miners of Balinka
and its district are not prepared to produce a single spade-
full of coal.
"At the Balinka station 30 wagonloads of coal are
standing ready and the moment a peace under the stated
conditions is signed, this coal can be sent immediately to
factories; plants and to the population which has suffered
so many shortages. In case of such a peace the miners
will immediately commence work and they promise that
this work will be at a speed never achieved in any kind of
[Socialist] competition. The miners are for order and dis-
cipline. They do not approve of irresponsible elements
who wish to disrupt order. They trust in the soldiers who
have joined us."
Message from the Army garrison in Gyor:
"Workers of Gyor: Dear friends: We, the soldiers of
the Gyor garrison, have backed your justified demands. We
support them and are ready to give our lives for them.
. . . Fight with us for an independent Hungary. Please
support our call."
"The National Council of Komarom informs Hegyesha-
lom that the road is clear until Esztergom. According to
information from Hegyeshalom, the Army and the mem-
bers of the National Council are going back and forth to
Vienna arranging for medical supplies. We call on every-
one to keep the road clear for trucks and cars bringing
relief."
Radio Free Miskolc
1740 "Attention! Attention! We have a message
from the workers' councils and student parliament of
Borsod County. An appeal to Hungarian workers' coun-
cils and freedom fighters! Debrecen, Szeged, Hatvan
Szekesfehervar, Pecs, Szombathely, Gyor, Mosonmagyaro-
var, Szolnok, Nyiregyhaza and all workers' councils, free-
dom fighters and youth of the country!
"In the course of our several days' fight for freedom the
joint demands of the entire country are slowly beginning
to take shape. Therefore, we workers, students and armed
forces under the leadership of the workers' council and
student parliament of Miskolc submit the following pro-
posal :
"1. We demand a new provisional government, one
truly democratic, sovereign and independent, fighting for
a free and Socialist Hungary, excluding all ministers who
served in the Rakosi regime.
"2. Such a government can only be created through
general and free elections. Since under the present con-
ditions we cannot realize this, we propose that Imre Nagy
form a provisional government containing only the most
essential ministries. Ministries of related branches shall be
combined. In the present situation there is absolutely no
need for 22 ministries and three Deputy Premiers.
"3. The first act of this new independent provisional
government, based on a coalition of the Hungarian Work-
ers' [Communist] Party and the Patriotic People's Front,
shall be the immediate recall of Soviet troops from our
country, not to their bases but to their Fatherland, the
Soviet Union.
"4. The new government shall include in its program,
and carry out, the demands of all workers' councils and
student parliaments of the country. These demands have
already been made known in the press everywhere.
"5. The new State power shall have only two kinds of
armed forces-the police and the regular Army. The
State security authority is to be abolished.
"6. The abolition of martial law, and full amnesty after
the withdrawal of Soviet troops for all freedom fighters
and all patriots who have participated in the uprising in
any way.
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
"7. General elections to be held within two months with
the participation of several parties.
"Let us adopt a common position based on the above.
This position appears so far to be shared by all and is by
no means the same as that of the present government,
which is relying on a foreign power.
"Let us seek every means of contact with one another in
the interest of presenting our opinions, especially by means
of radio.
"Pecs, Gyor, Mosonmagyarovar, Miskolc, Debrecen and
Nyiregyhaza and others. are by now in possession of radio
stations. Therefore it is possible to create adequate radio
contacts. We suggest contact on 42 and 43 meters short-
wave. Miskolc will signal on these wavelengths on every
second, even-numbered hour.
"All of you, call on the Soviet troops, in Russian too,
not to fight for the suppression of the Hungarian people's
legitimate struggle for freedom. We want to regard the So-
viet Union as our friend but we want to be independent
ourselves. We do not want to be at war with them.
"The troops of the Soviet Union were called into our
Fatherland' by the oppressor of the country, Gero, a Rakosi
follower, with the lie that they must fight against counter-
revolutionary bands, fascist mobs and common looters.
By now they themselves and the entire world know that
this is not true. For this reason we demand that Gero and
his accomplices be called to account."
Report that in the afternoon talks had been conducted
between the workers' council in Nyiregyhaza and leaders
of Soviet military units, with the result that the Russian
units promised to withdraw from Nyiregyhaza and not to
station themselves in the town.
Sunday, October 28,1956-Night
Radio Budapest, Home Service
1800 SPEECH by Premier Imre Nagy:
"During the course of the past few days bloody events
have taken place with tragic rapidity. . . . During the
course of one thousand years of history, destiny was not
sparing in scourging our people and nation. But such a
thing has never before afflicted our country.
"The government rejects the view of the formidable
popular movement as a counterrevolution. Of course .
this movement was exploited by criminal . . . and reac-
tionary, counterrevolutionary elements ... with the aim of
overthrowing the people's democratic regime.
"But it is also indisputable that in this movement a
great national and democratic movement, embracing and
unifying all our people, has developed. . . . The grave
crimes committed during the historic period just past re-
leased this great movement....
"The situation was further aggravated by the fact that,
up to the very last, the leadership did not decide to break
finally with its old and criminal policy. It is this above
all which led us to this tragic fratricidal fight in which
so many patriots died on both sides....
"The [new] government wishes to rest in the first place
on the support of the fighting Hungarian working class,
but also of course on the entire working population of
Hungary. We [will] work out a vast program . . . to give
satisfaction to the old and just demands of the workers:
revision of norms and salaries, a rise in the lowest salaries
and pensions ... and the implementation of higher family
allowances.
"To help resolve the housing crisis, the government will
support all State, cooperative, and private enterprise for
construction. The government welcomes the initiative
taken by workers for the extension of democracy in their
enterprises, and approves the constitution of workers' coun-
cils. The government will firmly put an end to the serious
illegalities committed in the collective farm movement and
the division of land.... The government will strongly sup-
port young workers, peasants and students; giving 'them
the means of using their initiative in the framework'ofa
cleaner public life. . . . The government supports those
new organs of democratic self-government which the peo-
ple have started and will strive to find a place for them
in the administrative machinery. . . . New armed forces
will be formed from units of the Army, of the police, and
of the armed workers' and youth groups.
"The Hungarian government has come to an agreement
with the Soviet government whereby Soviet forces shall
withdraw immediately ,from Budapest and, simultaneously
with the formation of 'our new Army, shall evacuate the
city. The Hungarian' govcrnment has started negotiations
to settle relations between the Hungarian People's Republic
and the Soviet Unibnwith"regard to the withdraiwal'of So-
viet forces stationed in Hungary. All this is in "the' 'spirit
of Soviet-Hungarian friendship and the principle of the
mutual equality and national independence Of Socialist
countries.
"After the re-establishment of order we shall organize
a new and single State police force and we shall dissolve
the organs of State security. No one who took part in the
armed fighting need fear reprisals.
"The government shall propose to' the National As-
sembly that the emblem of Kossuth shall again appear on
our flags and that March 15 shall again be a national holi-
day....
1925 "The declaration made by Imre Nagy already rests
on peace.... We cannot here go into details and will only
emphasize its chief characteristics. . The fact is that at
last we have a government which. builds its program not on
illusions and rigid dogma, but on the desires of the people."
1935 Statement by Istvan Dobi, President of the Presi-
dential Council:
"We will discard the economic policy which demanded:
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
from our nation, from the present generation, terrible,
sometimes unbearable, sacrifices in the interest.of a distant
future.... Our present generation wants to live a free and
serene as well as human life...."
1940 Statement by Sandor Ronai, Speaker_ of the Na-
tional Assembly, that the Presidential Council has post-
poned the National Assembly session which was scheduled
for October 29. Promise that the Presidential Council will
soon fix a new date for the parliamentary session.
2010 "The new national government held its first Cabi-
net meeting this afternoon. Imre Nagy presided in the
chair. Apart from the Council of Ministers, present were
Istvan Dobi and Sander Ronai. The Cabinet discussed the
statement made by Imre Nagy on the political situation
and approved the government's statement which he put
forward.
"The Cabinet heard reports ... concerning the organi-
zation of public supplies. There are temporary difficulties
with regard to milk supplies. The Cabinet authorized the
Committee of Public Supplies to take steps regarding sup-
plies for children, schools, and hospitals.
"The Cabinet discussed the question of making good the
damage caused by the armed conflict. It passed a decision
about expediting the manufacture of glass in the country
and about the import of window glass from abroad to re-
place windows broken during the armed conflict.
"At the suggestion of Zoltan Tildy, the Cabinet in-
structed the Minister of Agriculture to suspend the imple-
mentation of commassation and to make a proposal to
revise the commassation decree.2
"In consideration of the just requests of small craftsmen,
the Cabinet made a decision about the revision of the sup-
ply of raw materials for them. The Cabinet appointed a
commission to revise the system of agricultural produce
collection.
"The Cabinet instructed the Minister of Education to
withdraw from circulation without delay all history text-
books. In other textbooks all passages impregnated with
the spirit of the cult of personality must be rectified by the
teachers in the course of study.
"The Foreign Minister and the chairman of the Public
Supply Committee announced that material aid had been
offered to Hungary by the Soviet Union, Yugoslavia, the
German Democratic Republic, Poland, Czechoslovakia,
Switzerland, the United States, Austria, several other States,
and the Red Cross. The Cabinet gratefully accepted the
offered aid."
2120 Report that rifle fire in Budapest is subsiding.
Curfew regulations are eased. Gatherings are still pro-
hibited.
2145 Appeal to all Patriotic People's Front committees
to support the new national government's program.
2 This refers to the last of a series of decrees dealing with the
redistribution of land. These decrees were introduced to facilitate
collectivization and make it possible for collectives to include the
best land in a close geographic unit, leaving the individual peasants
with strips often far removed from their homes.
2150 "The Hungarian National Committee has been
formed today. Its task is to unite and coordinate the work
of locally elected revolutionary councils and of the autono-
mous national committees."
2300 The National Council of Trade Unions [SZOTJ
appeals to members to join the National Guard-"this is a
provisional institution."
"The standpoint of SZOT is that working people must
suffer no material loss on account of the tragic events. It
suggests that wages for those days should be paid on the
basis of average earnings. Those who worked or took part
in the defense of their factories during these days should
receive double wages. Wounded trade unionists and de-
pendents of those killed should report for financial aid at
their trade union center."
Radio Free Miskolc
2025 Comment on Imre Nagy's speech over Radio
Budapest. Quoting extensively from Nagy's speech, the
commentary refers to Nagy's statement that very many
patriots have fallen on both sides, and says that this is mis-
taken "because in the opinion of the people of Borsod
County those students and workers who peacefully demon-
strated for their legitimate demands were indeed Hun-
garian patriots, but it is an outrage to say this about the
armed bandits of the security police who fired on the peo-
ple. This is a serious defect in Nagy's speech.
"The government promises that it will rest on the
strength and will of the people. The strength of the people
will support the government only if it acts immediately to
put into effect the just demands of the people."
Quoting Nagy's cease-fire order and his request for the
laying down of arms, the commentary says that in Borsod
County only those maintaining order and security carry
arms, "and they will keep their arms as long as they are
needed for this purpose. They interpret the cease-fire as
meaning that they will answer shot for shot."
The commentary then quotes Nagy's statement on agree-
ment with the Soviet command on the withdrawal of Soviet
troops from Budapest.
"We are only partially satisfied with this report because
the people of Borsod County want not only the withdrawal
of Soviet troops from Budapest but that they withdraw
completely from Hungarian territory and go home. We
find it regrettable that Nagy mentioned only Budapest.
Talks on the complete withdrawal of Soviet troops are to
start only later. Nagy said that they are to be conducted
in the spirit of Hungarian-Soviet friendship. We entirely
agree with the idea of Hungarian-Soviet friendship, but it
is our opinion that these talks should have been started
long ago.
"The workers' council fully agrees with abolition of the
State security forces. In many respects the workers of Bor-
sod County approved of the speech but they had some
reservations. We have confidence in Imre Nagy. We stand
behind him. We support him with all our force, hoping,
however, that he will very soon make his promises- concrete
with action."
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
Monday, October 29, 1956
Szabad Nep answers the Soviet Pravda attack on the revolution and defends the Hun-
garian uprising.
Radio Free Miskolc calls for immediate withdrawal of Soviet troops from Hungarian soil,
not merely their return to bases outside of Budapest. The Minister of Defense announces
withdrawal of Soviet units from Budapest; Hungarian Army units are replacing them.
Heavy fighting continues in Budapest, particularly at Kilian (Maria Theresia) Barracks.
Morning
Radio Budapest, Home Service
0700 "AN EVER-INCREASING number of people are
hurrying along the streets of Budapest to start work... .
They see calm and order everywhere."
0900 Announcement that a workers' battalion has been
formed in the Eleventh District of Budapest to restore order.
A battalion squad was sent to rout snipers in Albertfalva,
where the people said that "the declaration of the new na-
tional government" is a "guarantee that our young patriots
did not die in vain. . . . Those, however, who are still
shooting at random-and there are many instances of this
in the Eleventh District-are besmirching the objectives of
our great national struggle and are antagonizing the
people."
0900 The Municipal Council orders streetcar and bus
workers to report to their jobs as soon as possible.
1000 Review of a Szabad Nep editorial describing the
establishment of workers' councils and revolutionary com-
mittees in county seats and towns throughout the country:
"In most places Communists who were popular, who
sided with the people . . . and who acted with independ-
ence were elected to posts in these new organs. . . . Of
course, it is not proper that in some places people have
rejected [all] Communists and have made comments about
them indiscriminately."
1000 Article by writer Ferenc Molnar who objects in
Szabad Nep to Pravda [Moscow] editorial entitled "The
Collapse of the Adventure Directed Against the Hungarian
People." Molnar says that what happened in Budapest was
not an "adventure" and that the result was not "collapse."
"The slogans of Socialist democracy-and not those of
the reaction or the counterrevolution-were the loudest.
The rebelling people of Pest and Buda want freedom and
a life without . . . fear or terror. They want more bread
and national independence. Is this what Pravda called
an adventure? . . . Something really collapsed and that was
the rule of the Rakosi-Gero clique."
1100 Announcement by the Ministries of Defense and
Interior backing the new government and ordering soldiers
and police to follow its instructions and to "show respect
for the people" in carrying out their duties.
"Beginning today, members of the Army and the police
shall . . . be called `comrades-in-arms!' Until new badges
are issued, ribbons with the national tricolor shall be worn
on caps.... Glory to the heroes who have fallen in battle!
Forward with the people for an independent, democratic
and Socialist Hungary."
Announcement by Minister of Interior Ferenc Munnich
that he has begun to organize a "democratic police force,"
and that only those "who have proven themselves worthy
by their attitude and behavior in the past" will be in-
cluded : "I appeal to every honest Hungarian who wants
peace . . . to support the police in their effort to restore
order...."
Appeal by the Revolutionary Committee of Hun-
garian Intellectuals to the insurgents to help restore order
by joining the National Guard:
"Nagy has satisfied the people's major demands by an-
nouncing the dissolution of the security police and the
withdrawal of Soviet troops from Budapest. In vain did
Gero slander the heroic insurgents as counterrevolutionaries
and looters, in vain did he order the security police to
commit mass murder, in vain did he call foreign troops to
sit on our necks. . . . Hungarians, we can again stand
proudly before the world. We have won the sympathy and
support of progressive public opinion.... Fellow citizens,
we have been promised that Soviet troops will withdraw.
From now,on power will belong to the people.. .
Together we possess enough strength to create an inde-
pendent, free and democratic life for ourselves."
The Committee then promises to prevent any attempts
at restoration-Stalinist or counterrevolutionary" and
proposes that the government: immediately settle relations
with the USSR on the basis of equality; abrogate disad-
vantageous foreign trade agreements and publish existing
trade pacts, including those for uranium and bauxite; hold
a general and secret election in which "the people are able
to nominate candidates freely"; make factories and mines.
the "genuine property" of the workers by allowing freely-
elected workers' councils to manage them; guarantee the
operation of private craftsmen and ret4ilers; abolish the
ruthless norm system and raise pensions and wages; allow
trade unions to become genuine representatives of the
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
workers and permit the peasantry to Corm their own or-
ganization to protect their interests;. support individual
farmers and a policy of voluntary collectivization and abolish
the system of obligatory deliveries of agricultural produc-
tion; compensate peasants who suffered through land com-
massations and other illegal measures; insure complete
freedom of speech, press and assembly; and declare Octo-
ber 23, the first day of the rebellion, 'a national holiday.
Radio Free Gyor
0825 Commends the assistance of Army units liquidat-
ing the security police and reports that law and order pre-
vail in the town of Sopron.
0915 "Our radio has several, times repeated Premier
Nagy's government announcement.... He promised that
all just demands would be fulfilled..''.. Workers of many
plants have announced that they will? only start work when
the demands have been fulfilled, in reality. We agree with
those who are holding to their demands but-it is also pos-
sible to begin work . . . because a silent strike will only
add to our economic difficulties. We need industrial goods
... and food. Today it is every patriot's duty to work."
1115 "Workers of the 62nd Car Enterprise in Tata de-
mand that Lajos Bebrits be relieved as Minister of Com-
munications because he abused the people's confidence."
"We have learned that . . . Soviet troops have started
to withdraw from the capital. . . . Troops leaving Buda-
pest have already passed through Szekesfehervar. . . .
Do not provoke Soviet. troops during this move so that
armed clashes are avoided."
* * *
"A few minutes ago we received news ... that traffic
will resume between Kaposvar and Gyor."
Radio Free Miskolc
1100 "Attention! Attention! This is an appeal from
the Debrecen hospital: We need . . . iron lungs urgently
because the one we have is out of order...."
Monday, October 29,1956-Afternoon
Radio Budapest, :Home Service
1400 "THE EXECUTIVE committee of the Budapest City
Council has decided to rename Stalin Street the Street
of Hungarian Youth; from now on Stalin Bridge will be
called Arpad Bridge and ? Stalin Square : will be called
Gyorgy Dozsa Square.';,
*
"Fuel transportation began this morning. Some 300
or 400 loads of fuel are now at the disposal of the pop-
ulation. . . . Food workers made superhuman efforts
during the past few days 'to insure food supplies to Buda-
pest. Some 260 trucks are delivering foodstuffs to various
parts of Budapest.' The delivery of mail was resumed in
the capital this morning."
"The National Trade Union Council has welcomed, the
proposal made by young workers to form their own or-
ganization."
The committee establishing the new Militant Organ-
ization of Young Workers. and Working Youth issues a
communique urging young workers, technicians and intel
lectuals to join and help elect. leaders "who know all our
desires, problems and dreams and who are ready to fight
with us for their realization."
1557 :" Announcement by the Minister of the Interior on
the abolition of the. security police and. all police organs
with ."special rights."
"There will be, no need for security police in our demo-
cratic public life:. Those who today are serving in our
police force ... bear no responsibility for crimes committed
in the past."
1557 "The Presidential Council of the People's Republic
has accepted the resignation of Lajos Bebrits, Minister of
Posts. and Communications." Gyorgy Csanady, formerly
Director of State Railways, was named to replace him.
1557 Resolution by the Revolutionary Committee of
Hungarian Artists demanding that administrative officials
be prevented from interfering in fine arts and that legal
measures be adopted to guarantee full freedom to artists,
patrons and art societies. Other guarantees should include
freedom to travel, sell works of art and arrange exhibitions
abroad.
1600 "The organization of the National Guard began in
Kispest today.... In Pesterzsebet, many members of armed
groups of young workers have volunteered for service.
... Negotiations have also begun with representatives of
armed groups of university students."
1617 "In accordance with an agreement, -reached with
leaders of the Budapest resistance groups, the insurgents
are beginning to hand over their arms to Hungarian troops
relieving Soviet units. Within 24 hours after they hand
over their arms, the withdrawal of Soviet units from Buda-
pest will begin." '
Radio Free Gyor
1215 "Attention Szombathely railwaymen! Attention
postal workers.... Today we are informed ... that Soviet
units have begun to leave the capital and are marching. to
... Lake Balaton ... towards their military base."
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
1238 "A four-member delegation representing professors
and students in Sopron] has arrived in Gyor to present its
demands.... Many of the demands of the Sopron students
agree with the demands made by the trade unions and the
Petofi Club . . . [but] they state that they do not agree
with the present composition of parliament and the gov-
ernment . . . and do riot believe them suitable [organs] for
drawing up a new electoral law. They demand that a new
parliament be formed from representatives of town and
village national councils. . . . 'T'hey demand a revision of
our relations to the Soviet Union and full compensation for
damages caused by our dependence on the Soviet Union.
... They do not agree with Intro Nagy's address yesterday
in which he announced that the security police would be
disbanded. They demand from the government an an-
nouncement that the security police has already been dis-
solved."
1600 "The soldiers' council in Gyor has learned ... that
there are soldiers in Dunantul ... who have broken away
from their units and now do not know what their duty is.
... All these servicemen are to report to the nearest Army
command. . . . The Gyor soldiers' council says that if they
report they will not be called to account in any respect."
1625 Demand by a miners' delegation that the norm
system be abolished in mines and that workers be assured
a basic wage of 40 forint per day, and 30 percent extra
for night work.
Radio Free Miskolc
1230 A statement by the workers' council of the Lenin
Foundry which claims that it did not intend to break the
strike declared throughout Borsod County when it put its
180-ton hearth furnace into operation:
"We made this decision in the interests of the entire
population of Miskolc ..... fhe workers of the Steel Works
assure the workers of Borsod County that they will do all
they can to supply the hospital and other important institu-
tions with the necessary electricity."
1300 The workers' council of Borsod County calls on
all persons who possess weapons and who are not members
of the National Guard to report to the Miskolc Bocskay
Military Establishment and to enlist. "Those who do not
want to participate . .. must turn in their weapons...."
1300 "Many of you have asked about the time of the
funeral for those innocent students and Miskolc citizens
who were massacred by security police gangs. We wish to
inform you that today funerals are taking place from 1100-
1500 hrs... . Tomorrow funerals will begin at 1400."
1315 Communique by the Borsod workers' council and
student parliament stating that "bloody fighting con-
tinues" and that "the fight for freedom has had increasing
results." The communique agrees that Nagy's declaration
has "many positive points" but disagrees with the composi-
tion of the government and demands that Soviet troops be
withdrawn immediately-"not only from Budapest and not
to their bases but from our country."
United Press
Budapest demonstrators insert ltungarian flag into the boots
which are all that remain of the huge Stalin statue toppled from
its pedestal during the fighting. October 28.
. . In several cities in the country, workers' councils,
students and peasants who agree with our demands possess
power and control armed forces. We are maintaining order
and want to avoid disturbances. If disturbances occur they
are caused, in every case, by the security police. Our effort
to preserve order, however, does mean that we uphold the
banner of the government.... In the present situation, we
do not need . . . Rakosi-type ministers at all."
The Council states that Nagy should be Premier, Bela
Kovacs the only Deputy Premier and that new ministers be
appointed for Foreign Affairs, Defense, Internal Affairs,
Finance, Foreign Trade, Health and Transport and Com-
munications. It recommends the merger of a number of
ministries and demands the immediate removal of Polit-
buro members Antal Apro, Karoly Kiss and Zoltan Szantho,
who have forfeited the respect of the people."
"Fifty percent of the Party leadership consists of Rakosi's
accomplices.... All persons who were responsible for the
development of the present situation must be called to ac-
count. All security police officers must be called to account.
Every minute of delay will cost the lives of Hungarian
freedom fighters...."
1340 "Attention Attention! Debrecen hospital! Mu-
nich has heard the broadcast . . . asking for iron lungs.
Munich . . . is doing its utmost to forward . . . the lungs
from Germany."
1420 "Since October 26th, there has been no end to
funerals.. .. Rakosi! Gero! Other oppressors of the peo-
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
ple! Can you see the gravestones? ... Answer! Because the
people will find you wherever you are hiding.... We shall
not be annihilated.... We have swept back the dirty tide
... which has brought you to the surface ... and here, at
the graves of Hungarian martyrs, we declare firmly that
the day of liberty has come...."
Monday, October 29.,1956- Night
Radio Budapest, Home Service
1902 ANNOUNCEMENT THAT peace and order are
gradually being restored in Debrecen.
1905 "In the morning factories started work and shops
were reopened [but] . . . certain irresponsible elements and
armed groups are threatening the restoration of normalcy
and peace. Whoever continues. to kindle the fire of a civil
war, whoever has not had enough Hungarian bloodshed
and whoever wants the roar of weapons instead of a cease-
fire is harming the working class and the people and in-
tends the overthrow of the people's democratic power. The
government of Imrc Nagy is a government of peace, crea-
tive work and national independence. Workers, compa-
triots, Communists, do not permit anyone to raise his arm
against the power of the working class!"
2007 Appeal by the Trade Union Committee of the
Csepel Iron and Steel Works' asking workers to report to
their factory to elect workers' councils to decide all matters
pertaining to production and economy. "We will do every-
thing in our power to resume transportation and run fast
trains."
2030 "Attention, attention. Tonight units of the Hun-
garian People's Army began to replace Soviet troops in the
Eighth District of Budapest and they will insure the with-
drawal of Soviet troops. At dawn Soviet troops will evacu-
ate the territory agreed upon with the headquarters of the
resistance; at 2000 [GMT] the insurgents will lay down
their arms. The replacement and undisturbed withdrawal
of Soviet troops are the prerequisites for the evacuation of
Soviet troops from the capital. . . . I call upon all true
patriots to support the Hungarian People's Army in carry-
ing out this task successfully and to the satisfaction of the
population of Budapest and the whole country-Lt. Gen.
Karoly Janza, Minister of Defense."
2100 Decree issued by the Minister of Finance on wages
to be paid for October 24-29:
"Workers of Budapest State enterprises who were unable
to work because of the fighting are to be paid the average
daily rates calculated on the basis of September earnings;
workers of State enterprises and health institutions who
1 The Csepel Iron and Steel Works constitute Hungary's largest
industrial combine. Workers of the plant, which is situated on
Csepel Island in Budapest, were among those who held out longest
against the Soviets and were responsible for the destruction of a
number of Soviet tanks.
worked during this period are to be paid double the normal
pay and workers in offices and institutions will receive their
normal monthly pay. Those workers who resumed work
according to a resolution of a workers' council, or-where
a workers' council was not yet formed-of a factory com-
mittee, will be paid the sums due them."
2100 Appeal by the Revolutionary Military Council of
the Sandor Petofi Military Academy2 expressing confidence
in the government and calling on workers and youth to
volunteer for the National Guard:
"The bloody events of the past few days have proved
that we have remained faithful to our October 23 mani-
festo. Officers and soldiers of the Academy have supported
the legitimate and just demands of workers and revolu-
tionary youth."
"The Szeged workers' council was today transformed
into a people's council, [which] . . . talked with the
local military administration and reached an agreement on
lifting the curfew. For the time being . .. the ban on
meetings will remain in force."
2300 Statement by the Hungarian frontier guards an-
nouncing their support of the "splendid struggle of the
Hungarian people for the restoration of our national ex-
istence, freedom and independence. We assure the people
that we are firmly guarding the true power of the people,
order, and above all, the inviolability of Hungary's fron-
tiers."
Radio Free Gyor
1800 "Russian troops have begun their withdrawal
from Budapest. We call on the population and on freedom
fighters to refrain from attacking them, for by doing so
they will only delay peaceful settlement....
"The Debrecen hospital has made a request to the
free world for some kind of medicine but it was not possible
to hear what kind they wanted."
1950 "Contrary to the announcements of Radio Buda-
pest, we inform you that the people of Budapest are still
fighting to obtain their freedom. . . . [At a meeting] at-
tended by representatives of the workers' councils of Pecs,
Dorog, Tokod, Tatabanya, Tata and Miskolc, we passed a
2 Members of the Academy were among the first to march in the
October 23 street demonstration.
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
resolution: we shall carry out our desire for immediate
withdrawal of the Russians from the country with the help
of one arm-that is, with a strike! The council vowed that
they would not produce coal until the last Soviet division
has left Hungary. The youth of Gyor will not work until
the last Soviet division has left Hungary. Now I speak to
the youth of Gyor. Support our strike until we have won.
... Strike for an independent and free Hungary!"
Radio Free Miskolc
2254 Statement by the Borsod workers' council that
the people of Miskolc "should not listen to frightening ru-
mors about Soviet troops. The actual situation is that in
Fclsozsolca and Goromboly, a small number of Soviet
troops are waiting for military vehicles which have been
delayed...."
Tuesday, October 30, 19 5 6
Nagy announces abolition of the one-party system, a return to the political conditions pre-
vailing after 1945, and negotiations for immediate withdrawal of all Soviet forces from
Hungary. A new coalition government is formed with Inzre Nagy as Premier. Three non-
Communists-Bela Kovacs, Zoltan Tildy and Ferenc Erdei-are included.
The recall of the Hungarian representative to the UN, Peter Kos, is announced.
Tildy calls for reconstituting the Smallholders' Party; Ferenc Erdei makes a similar ap-
peal for the Peasant Party; and Kadar implies to Communist Party members that he agrees
with both re constitutions.
Cardinal Mindszenty is freed.
Hungarian Air Force threatens to bomb Soviet tanks unless they leave Budapest. Insur-
gents storm security police headquarters in Pest, and burn down Party headquarters in
Buda. The security police appeals to the Writers' Union to intervene for its 10,000 mem-
bers: they will surrender if guaranteed amnesty.
Morning
Radio Budapest, Home Service
0533 "THE MINISTRY of the Interior states that at dawn
there was peace all over the country. Although there still
was some sporadic fighting, there were no riots or armed
clashes..... Several foreign planes are expected to arrive
in Budapest with blood plasma, medicines and foodstuffs."
0630 "As reported earlier, the withdrawal of Soviet
troops from Budapest ... is in progress. Units of the Hun-
garian Army, the police, armed workers and youth are
taking over the job of maintaining order. At 0900 all fight-
ing must cease and armed groups still resisting shall then
participate in restoring peace and order. We will continue
to inform you ... about the withdrawal of Soviet troops."
0648 "The workers' council of the Aron Gabor Foun-
dry and Machine Shops asks all workers to report to their
jobs immediately."
0700 "The Management of the Hungarian State Rail-
ways says that train communications in the Budapest sub-
urbs. . . . will be resumed. The express to Csepel is al-
ready in operation."
0700 "The Revolutionary Committee of University Stu-
dents requests that all organizations of university and col-
lege students as well as MEFESZ [new youth organization]
send two delegates to the main building of the Roland
Eotvos University to take part in discussions about form-
ing a National Student Parliament."
0900 "The Budapest Party Committee has relieved
Istvan Kovacs of his post as First Secretary and has elected
Jozscf Kobol, member of the Politburo and Central Com-
mittee, to this position...."
0900 Appeal by the Budapest Party Committee to all
Communists to join the National Guard and restore peace.
1132 Announcement by the National Free Organization
of Independent Craftsmen representing 90,000 artisans that
the new government will "create conditions for fulfilling
the demands of independent craftsmen."
"The organization has been reassured that two of the
most urgent demands will be satisfied immediately-arti-
sans' taxes will be reduced and they will receive the raw
material necessary for continuing their work. Other de-
mands will be discussed shortly by the government. These
include . . . creation of a unified tax system, abolition of
the tax artisans have to pay for employees, introduction of
a tax allowance for children, tax exemptions for artisans
over 65 who work without employees, simplification of the
price system, and modification of laws unfair to craftsmen,
as well as extension of sickness and old age insurance to
cover every artisan."
Radio Free Gyor
0820 Statement that the Gyor County National Coun-
cil's appeal for a general strike does not apply to elec-
tricity, water and gas workers, or to workers in the food
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
industries or industries directly concerned with production
of consumer goods.
0905 Announcement by the Gyor National Council that
it will draw up a plan for payment of wages for the period
October 24-29 in view of the fact that the decree issued
on: this subject by the Minister of Finance applies only to
workers in Budapest.
1048 A request that Radio Gyor and Radio Petofi [pre-
sumably referring to Radio Budapest] consolidate their
forces and transmit only broadcasts which further Hun-
garian national aims.
"These basic aims are stated in the resolution of the
Revolutionary Committee of Intellectuals. . . . Broad-
casts which do not correspond to the principles of the
Committee and which, incite the people to further blood-
shed ... will be interrupted. We suggest that Gyor Studio
become the Free Petofi Studio and that, its programs be
broadcast by Balatonszabadi, Szombathely, Gyor and all
other transmitters at our disposal. The broadcasts should
not only deal with the problems of Gyor but . . . should
include all the demands of the workers' councils."
1100 "This is Radio Free Petofi-Gyor. . . . In support
of the National Council of Gyor, a press and information
bureau has. been formed. It is in the Town Hall in Room
26.
1100 An article on Imre Nagy published in Egyetemi
If jusag [University Youth; a new publication], October
29th :
"On Tuesday ... the entire crowd of 100,000 gathered
in front of parliament demanded Imre Nagy. Not only
this crowd . . . but all the Hungarian people felt that
Imre Nagy was a man who would represent the people's
interests. Since then, this confidence has weakened day
by day. Today the entire population is by no means united
behind Imre Nagy. People have been disappointed in him.
This disappointment was caused by mistakes. Just as it
was a mistake when Radio Free Europe broadcast the
news that it was Imre Nagy who called in the Soviet
troops.' The Soviet troops were called in by Andras Hege-
dus on Tuesday night. He said so himself to the writers'
delegation. . . . Imre Nagy was fooled and outwitted by
the treacherous Gero clique which gave orders in his name
and behind his back. . . . He was not informed of the
true state of the revolution. Then, when he learned the
truth . . . he was isolated and not allowed to act. On
Wednesday morning at 0500 the Writers' Union phoned
Imrc Nagy to ask him what measures he intended to
take. It was only then that Imre Nagy learned that he
was Premier. Only then, when the entire city had al-
ready been informed. It was impossible for him to have
called in Soviet troops because, as- everyone knows, they
had already arrived. . . . The radio kept announcing in
his name orders of which he knew nothing. . . . We have
1 The announcement of the calling in of Soviet troops came im-
mediately after the new government had been formed, and the
request was attributed to this government. The West thus assumed
that Nagy had been responsible.
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R004000170003-9
been fooled. Just as we should have been fooled again
had not the treacherous Gero clique been liquidated... .
Now we shall find out whether Imre Nagy will fail us.
... Yesterday, in his first speech, he freely announced that
Soviet troops would be immediately withdrawn from Buda-
pest. If he continues to act in this spirit, then we were
right when we said that Imre Nagy was a true Hungarian,
a man of our revolution...."
Radio Free Miskolc
0915 "This is Miskolc. . . . A communique [from the
Borsod workers' council and student parliament] asking
for a revision of the Warsaw Pact and protesting against
the presence of Soviet troops in Hungary has been repeated
twice. The communique explains that the Warsaw Pact
was approved by Rakosi and Gero and therefore is no
longer valid. One section states : ... If we want to know
who the leaders of this country were at the time the War-
saw Pact was concluded, we have only to read Szabad
Nep, May 26, 1955. On the first page ... is a huge photo-
graph of the beaming faces of Rakosi, Gero and Hegedus.
. . . On the basis of this we demand immediate revision
of the Warsaw Pact. The leaders of those States which
signed the Pact should be called together immediately
and must express their opinion of the Hungarian situa-
tion. The attitude of the Soviet Union fully contradicts
... the Warsaw Pact, and violates the sovereignty of the
Hungarian people.
". We denounce Andras Hegedus, Janos Boldocki
and Istvan Bata who signed the Warsaw Pact. We read
with amazement [in May 1955] that in the course of
ratification Hegedus declared that the Pact corresponds
with the principles of the UN Charter and with non-inter-
ference in the internal affairs of another country.... Hege-
dus also declared that if any of the States that signed the
Pact were the object of armed aggression then ... all other
States must help the State attacked. . . . In the present
situation the Soviet Union severely violated the Warsaw
Pact and the UN Charter. It is not true that the present
battle ... was started by imperialists."
1000 "The Hungarian people ask the UN to refuse to
receive Peter Kos, who is a traitor to his country, and not
to listen to the declarations he delivers in the name of the
former and present Hungarian governments. The Hun-
garian people ask the UN to intervene immediately in the
interest of Hungary. . . . The Hungarian people also ask
the UN to entrust Hungarian representation to a neutral
State. For the time being, the Hungarian people cannot
send a delegate to the UN because they cannot elect the
government they want." [Rest of broadcast unintelligible.]
1100 "The following news has been sent to us from the
village of Csaroda in Szatmar County:
"We people of Csaroda wish to report that since the
night of October 23, the Soviet Army has been moving
several formations into our country. According to latest
announcements, Soviet troops will be withdrawn from
Budapest. Why then are new Soviet troops necessary? We
,demand immediate action which will prevent the entry
of Soviet troops into our country and which will ensure
their immediate withdrawal from Budapest. The govern-
ment must inform the people of the truth; it must keep its
promise...."
Radio Free Szombathely .
0800 "We call upon the people of Szombathely . . .
to express their wishes and demands ... without any march-
ing up and down.... We do not want the people ... to
be troubled by treacherous provocateurs in demonstrations
where Hungarian blood may be shed. We call on the
workers . . . to voice their demands in disciplined meet-
ings in their work places. However, they must uphold the
strike.... Radio Free Szombathely is fully independent-
and separate from Radio Free Gyor. By means of Radio
Szombathely, the County Vas National Committee trans-
mits the uniform demands of the population to the Hun-
garian government. These demands are: bloodshed must
be stopped. . . . Foreign troops must leave Budapest....
The government must take immediate measures to pre-
vent the overwhelming numerical superiority of [Soviet]
forces from crushing . . . our Hungarian brothers. .. .
Hungarians see that [Soviet] soldiers have not yet left
People of Magyarovar,including Hungarian soldiers who joined
the resistance forces, stand around a grave for some of the 88 vil-
lagers who were killed before the insurgents took over the town.
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
Budapest, that they are still shooting and have not received
orders to leave Budapest. . . Nobody doubts that today,
tomorrow or in a month the last [Soviet] tanks will roll
over the corpses of our last fighting brothers. We are but
a midget fighting a giant. . . . It was not Hungarians who
fired the first gun.... How long does the government in-
tend to wait before issuing a cease-fire and ordering the
recall of foreign troops from the capital? . . . So long as
these demands are not fulfilled, the working people of
County Vas will maintain the strike. . . . We, the National
Committee of County Vas ... declare that we want a free,
independent, democratic and Socialist Hungary headed
by the government of Imre Nagy. . . . We demand that
Imre Nagy freely and independently exert power in the
name of the people...."
1047 "Teachers, students and workers of Szombathely
demand the immediate departure of Soviet troops and their
families. . Also, they passed a resolution demanding
that all books written in the Stalinist and Rakosi spirit
be immediately discarded from the school library."
Tuesday, October 30, 19 5 6 -Afternoon
Radio Budapest, Home Service tricidal war must stop immediately. Avoid all further
disturbances! . "
1328 "'PREMIER Imre Nagy and members of the gov-
ernment will now address the Hungarian nation. Here is
Premier Nagy :
"Hungarian workers, peasants, intellectuals. As a re-
sult of the revolution .. . and the mighty movement of
democratic forces our nation has reached the crossroads.
The national government, acting in complete agreement
with the Presidium of the Hungarian Workers' Party, has
arrived at a decision vital to the nation's life....
"In the interests of further democratization . . . the
Cabinet has abolished the one-party system and has de-
cided that we should return to a system of government
based on the democratic cooperation of the coalition par-
ties as they existed in 1945. In accordance with this de-
cision, a new Cabinet has been set up within the national
government. Its members are Imre Nagy, Zoltan Tildy,
Bela Kovacs,2 Ferenc Erdei,3 Janos Kadar, Geza Losonczy4
and persons to be nominated by the Social Democratic
Party. The government will .submit a proposal to the
Presidential Council ... to appoint Janos Kadar and Geza
Losonczi Ministers of State.
"The national government appeals to the headquarters
of the Soviet Command to begin the immediate with-
drawal of Soviet troops from Budapest. At the same time
we wish to inform the people of Hungary that we are
going to request the Soviet Union to withdraw all Soviet
troops from Hungary.
"In the name of the national government I wish to
declare that we recognize all the autonomous democratic
local authorities which were formed during the revolution,
that we rely on them and want their support.
"Fellow Hungarians! To safeguard the achievements
of the revolution we must first of all establish order. Fra-
2 Bela Kovacs, former Secretary-General of the Independent
Smallholders' Party, was arrested in 1947 and released from prison
only recently.
3 Ferenc Erdel, originally a member of the National Peasant
Party, has held ministerial positions in successive Communist gov-
ernments for the past eleven years.
4 Geza Losonczy, a "national" Communist appointed Deputy
Minister in 1947, was arrested in 1951 and recently freed and
appointed editor of Magyar Nemzet.
"Minister of State Zoltan Tildy:
"The nation's will has been fulfilled and the national
revolution has triumphed. . . . I stand before the micro-
phone deeply moved. I have not written down my speech
and therefore it may be disjointed. But I want to congratu-
late Hungarian youth from the bottom of my heart... .
I declare before the Hungarian nation-before the whole
world-that these ? young people and the soldiers and
workers who fought with them are not only worthy of
the youth of March 1848 but have surpassed March 15,
1848 by their heroic struggle and . . . their achievements.
The least the Hungarian nation can do is to declare the
day on which this struggle began a national holiday in
memory of their heroic battles. . . . The national govern-
ment will bury the heroes of the revolution with military
honors and it will take generous care of the wounded and
the families of those heroes who fell in battle,
"In this connection, I want to ask the representatives
of fighting university youth to send their delegates to me
at the parliament building. Premier Nagy will also await
them. We shall charge them with an official mission: the
formation of a National Guard Battalion to help restore
order.
"I want to announce a few other measures. I inform
the country that Peter Kos, former representative of Hun-
gary at the UN, has been recalled and that a new UN
delegation will be appointed which will represent the
views of this government.
"I want to say, too, that [compulsory] crop deliveries .. .
will be discontinued today. I am convinced that Hun-
gary's farming population will provide more supplies for
urban dwellers and workers from now on.... I also wish
to say that all other justified demands of the peasantry
will be carefully examined by the government.
"The radio too ... will become the radio of the entire
Hungarian nation. We shall see to it that those mistakes
and errors in the past will never again be repeated.
"I am convinced that the people and leaders of the
Soviet Union will see, once they negotiate with a free
and not a humiliated nation, how different our relation-
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R004000170003-9
ship is, how much greater the mutual understanding, re-
spect and love.
"Hungarians! A grave responsibility rests with all of
us. We must create a new national life. . . . Freedom is
not threatened by force alone; it is also endangered by
upheavals. . . . The government has acted correctly in
deciding to abolish one-party rule in Hungary. We declare
that the people of the country must decide the future of
the nation freely and without interference. Free elections
will be held and we are making preparations for them.
The only 'danger to these elections would be our inability
to restore internal order.... Peace is the guardian of our
future and I appeal to every Hungarian . . . to feel this
responsibility.... I ask university youth to help the coun-
try restore order... .
"Finally I wish to say a few words to the leaders of
my own party ... those leaders of the Independent Small-
holders' Party who have been hardened in political fights
and who are still in this country. I ask those men who
were neither intimidated nor swayed from their convic-
tions by despotism and violence and who still hold the
country's independence dear . . . immediately to take in
Zolfan Tildy
hand the reorganization of the party in Budapest and
the provinces. They must freely call Hungarians to their
ranks. . . . We must establish a firm party organization as
soon as possible and contribute to restoring order and
safeguarding the nation's future."
"First Deputy Premier Ferenc Erdei:
"We must now resolutely defend the achievements of
the revolution from attempts by those who would like to
turn back the clock. We must also defend the revolution
from acts which would result in complete anarchy and
destroy the vital accomplishments . . . of our people. We
need all our democratic forces. For this reason, I call
upon all my Peasant Party colleagues to contact all for=
mer members of the party, to re-establish its former or-
ganizations and to mobilize its former members . . . to
help secure order. I call on them to cooperate with other
coalition parties . . . oppose all forces which incite an-
archy and defend and consolidate the revolution 'and
democracy."
"Minister of State Janos Kadar:
"I want you to know that all the resolutions passed to-
day by the Council of Ministers have been fully approved
by the Presidium of the Hungarian Workers' Party and I
want to add that I fully approve of all that was said by
the speakers before me-Imre Nagy, Zoltan Tildy and
Ferenc Erdei.... I speak to Communists, those Commun-
ists who were prompted by the progressive ideas of man-
kind and Socialism to join the Party. . . . Comrades .. .
owing to the leadership of the past years our Party has been
cast under a grave shadow. We must rid our Party of this
burden, of all the accusations hurled at it. This must be
done with a clear conscience and with ... courageous re-
solve. The ranks of the Party will shake, but I am sure
that no . . . honest, sincere Communist will leave the
Party. Those who joined us for selfish personal reasons ...
will be the ones who leave. But having rid ourselves of
this ballast and the burden of past crimes committed by
certain persons in our leadership, we will fight ... under
more favorable conditions for our ideas, our people, and
our country. I ask every Communist individually to set an
example worthy of a man and a Communist by restoring
order, beginning normal life, resuming work . . . and
laying the foundations of an ordered life. Only by doing
so can we earn the respect of our countrymen."
1328 "We now read a few bulletins: in Dombrad [near
the Soviet border] the National Flag has been hoisted on
the Council House, as well as a black flag in memory of
the heroes of the revolution. . . . In Kisvarda [also near
Soviet border] the population is demanding the withdrawal
of all Soviet troops from Hungary. Ever since Thursday,
student demonstrations have taken place in Kisvarda but
public order has not been disturbed...."
.1406 "Dear listeners, we are beginning a new chapter in
the history of the Hungarian radio. For many years the
radio has been an instrument of lies: it merely carried
out orders. It lied day and night; it lied on all wave lengths.
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
Not even at the hour of our country's rebirth did it cease
its campaign of lies, but the struggle which . . . brought
national freedom also freed our radio. Those who spoke
those lies are no longer among the staff of the Hungarian
radio, which will henceforth bear the name of Kossuth
and Petofi. We who are now at the microphone are new
men. We shall tell the truth, the whole truth and nothing
but the truth."
1408 "Zoltan Tildy, Minister of State, has appealed
to the former staff of Kis Ujsag [evening paper of the
Smallholders' Party] to come to his office in the parliament
building today so that Kis Ujsag may commence publica-
tion."
1420 "The Kossuth High School and the Aron Gabor
High School today set up a Revolutionary Military Coun-
cil. A message from the Council reads:
"We have established contact with the commander of
the insurgents in the Kilian barracks and we announce
that we agree with the program of insurgent youth, will
fight with them for restoration of peace and order. We
shall not permit bloodshed on the streets of Budapest. We
demand that Soviet troops evacuate the territory of Buda-
pest. We ask the commander of the insurgents to take ap-
propriate steps for a cease-fire."
1449 "Attention, attention! We are interrupting our
program for a very important message. Minister of State
Zoltan Tildy told a workers' delegation that he thinks it
important that Primate Cardinal Jozsef Mindszenty re-
turn to his seat in Esztergom and, by taking up his activi-
ties. as Primate of Hungary, take part . . . in the noble
fight which counts on every true patriot in these historic
times."
1530 Anonymous commentary :
"Every government pronouncement during the past few
days has fallen short of the demands of the people. Each
announcement was greeted by the man-in-the-street with
the remark: `Why didn't this come yesterday?' The state-
ments by the leaders of the democratic parties have at
last answered popular expectations: until free and demo-
cratic elections are held, power must be vested in the
democratic coalition parties. There remains the justified
and still valid demand that all those ministers who in the
past failed to serve the people's interests be relieved of
their posts. The latest pronouncements strengthen the be-
lief that this will happen soon."
1534 Appeals for cooperation to insurgents who are still
"mistrustfully keeping armed watch", on the ground that
the fight has been decisively settled and the aims of the
government and the insurgents are identical:
"We must not fear that the sinister past will return and
that we shall lose the national independence for which we
fought.... Mistrust must come to an end. We must bear
in mind that the working class and the people' want a
Socialist people's power-and not capitalism or anarchy.
Through a misunderstanding those who wait with arms in
their hands for the Soviet troops to march out may be
suspected of being counterrevolutionaries. The working
class is ill at case and determined to prevent a possible
counterrevolution.... Any further resistance will serve the
cause of either a capitalist or a Stalinist restoration. We
will not permit our achievements to be jeopardized. Most
of the Soviet troops have already left Budapest. I have
seen them go."
1655 Announcement of the establishment of the Revo-
lutionary Military Council of the Hungarian People's
Army which says that to defend the revolutionary victory
Soviet troops must withdraw immediately from Budapest
and the Hungarian people must support attempts to restore
order.
"We have dismissed from command posts those sectarian
forces which tried to turn back the clock. Major Generals
Lajos Toth, Jeno Hazi and Ferenc Hidvegi and Lt. Gen-
eral Istvan Szabo have been removed. . . . The Revolu-
tionary Military Council of the Army Command has de-
cided to disarm immediately those security police forma-
tions still bearing weapons. . . . [We] appeal to frontier
guards ... to join the Army."
1730 "We are now going to read to you the order of
the day issued by the Minister of Defense:
". . . I have requested from the Command of the Soviet
Armed Forces the immediate withdrawal of its troops
from the territory of . . . Budapest. The commander of
the Soviet troops having agreed, all Soviet troops stationed
in Budapest will begin their withdrawal on October 30 at
1500 hours and, according to the plan, the withdrawal will
be completed by dawn of October 31, 1956. Concurrent
with the withdrawal of Soviet troops, units of the Hungar-
ian People's Army and the police and National Guard will
take over the maintenance of order-Karoly Janza, Minis-
ter of Defense."
Radio Free Gyor
1210 "A delegate of the Hungarian oil miners sent
the following message:
". . . We shall not produce one drop of oil for Soviet
tanks. We shall not deliver oil until the government, and
preferably Imre Nagy personally, tells us who receives the
oil we produce. . . . If the answer is that the oil will be
used for the freedom fighters and their vehicles, we must
be convinced Rf the authenticity of this statement. [If no
guarantee is given] . . . we shall immediately stop pro-
duction of all oil wells in common agreement with the
oil miners of Nagylengyel and Bazakerettye...."
Radio Free Miskolc
1645 "Slovaks, Romanians and Serbians, blood is flow-
ing from our wounds and you are silent! We are fight-
ing for liberty and you call us Fascists! Rakosi's col-
leagues, who were not Hungarians, but enemies of our
country, said the same thing.... We see that you too are
groaning under the yoke we wish to throw off; now foreign
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
interests want to incite you against us. We have every
confidence that you will not believe their lies. . . . We
have proposed a Socialist State form which will guarantee
the free development of our people and stop the clash be-
tween East and West. We are fighting for you, too, for
peace, for Socialist truth, for the guarantee of the free
development of our peoples. Help us in our fight."
1700 Statement by the Szabolcs-Szatmar County Revo-
lutionary Council:
"Hungarians, it is we who are nearest to Zahony [town
at Soviet border] and it is our duty to alert you. This time
we do not promise you a quiet night. No . . . the cease-
fire is sincere only if the armies remain in position. After
the cease-fire foreign troops advanced for two whole days.
For two days they let their tanks loose on the freedom
fighters. . . . The tanks are still here. But those Russian
troops which were nearest the frontier have turned back.
They have departed. And so now we salute them, and
this salute will be heard beyond our frontiers."
1715 "Just now it has been announced from Kisvarda
that ... many thousands of tanks ... are pouring into our
country. Motorized infantry is advancing to Nyiregyhaza.
New Russian units! Marshal Zhukov, do you know of
this? You must know...."
1755 A four-point appeal by the National Air Defense
Command to the Council of Ministers demanding the
withdrawal of all Soviet forces from Budapest within 12
hours.
"Marshal Zhukov has given the order for withdrawal of
Soviet troops.... In Zahony, the withdrawal of troops is
being organized.... We ask the people to maintain disci-
pline and help facilitate the untroubled withdrawal of
troops."
Tuesday, October 30,1956- Night
Radio Budapest, Home Service
1800 "THE FIRST Christian organization, the Associa-
tion of Christian Youth, has been formed and calls on all
young Hungarian Christians to join. Preserving the unity
of all youth movements, the Association completely ap-
proves the demands of the Students' Revolutionary Coun-
cil. The radio and press will. give you further informa-
tion regarding ... the ACY's general meeting."
1800 "The national office of the Independent Small-
holders' Party has resumed its activities in its former offices
at No. 1 Semmelweiss Street in Budapest."
1857 "At 1700 [GMT] negotiations started between
Premier Imre Nagy and representatives of the armed in-
surgent forces, the National Revolutionary Committee, and
the revolutionary intellectuals and youth. . . . The talks
are progressing favorably. The proposals of the insurgents
will be presented to the government by Premier Nagy."
1920 "Janos Kadar, Chairman of the Presidium of the
Hungarian Workers' Party, declares that the reorganiza-
tion of the Party has begun. In spirit, program, organiza-
tional structure and personnel ... the Party will radically
break with . . . the past. No one who bears any responsi-
bility for the crimes of the past can be a Party member."
1930 A letter from Ferenc Erdei in answer to criticism
that he should not have been the one to call for the reor-
ganization of the National Peasant Party :
"I do not intend in any -way to influence the reorganiza-
tion of the National Peasant Party."
1930 Announcement that a new Revolutionary Commit-
tee of Hungarian actors has been formed and has joined
the National Revolutionary Council of Intellectuals.
"It has also been decided that theaters will not be
opened so long as there are Soviet soldiers in the country.
We demand that a delegation representing the true
interests of the Hungarian people should be sent to the UN
immediately, that the security police should be completely
disbanded . . . and that all persons responsible for the
bloodshed should be tried in public."
1935 Radio Budapest comes on the air as "Radio Free
Kossuth."
Radio Free Kossuth
2133 "The Provisional Committee of the National Peas-
ant Party began reorganizing the party this evening. Sza-
bad Szo, the central organ of the National Peasant Party,
will commence publication on October 31 and Pal Szabo
[writer and former co-chairman of the Peasant Party] will
be editor-in-chief."
2135 "Here is a message from the Matyas Barracks on
Robert Karoly Boulevard :
". . . We have elected a Revolutionary Military Council
and inform every worker that the news broadcast by Radio
Budapest . . . on October 24, alleging that the . . . bar-
racks opposed the revolutionaries is not true. The truth is
that [we] simply made arrangements for defending the
barracks. We support the just demands of revolutionary
youth. We are ... ready to fight for national independence
with the people...."
2141 Statement by Imre Nagy acknowledging the for-
mation of a "preparatory Committee of the Revolutionary
Armed Forces representing those who took part in the
revolutionary fighting, the Army, police and the workers
and armed forces of youth....
"The task of the Committee will be to organize a new
police force which will restore internal peace and create
conditions for the implementation of the government pro-
grams proclaimed on October 28 and 30. The Committee
... shall operate until a new government is formed by gen-
eral and secret elections."
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
"The Hungarian armored division at Esztergom has
joined the armed insurgents and identifies itself with their
objectives."
"On Tuesday evening a workers' delegation from Csepel
presented a 16-point resolution to Premier Nagy. The
Premier confirmed statements made previously regard-
ing the evacuation of Soviet troops, the dissolution of the
security police, and the preparations for general elections
by secret ballot. The delegates [also asked for] the edu-
cation of youth according to religious and moral principles,
freedom for private craftsmen and small traders and the
abolition of [Communist] Party committees in industrial
plants."
Wide World
Jozsef Cardinal Mindszenty, Roman Catholic Primate of Hungary,
October 31.
2300 Statement by the Revolutionary Council set up
within the police force:
"We are proud that the police force in its entirety re-
fused to fire at the heroic fighters for freedom and .. .
supported their struggle. It has come to our knowledge
that certain security police officers illegally acquired police
uniforms. The Revolutionary Council condemns this and
... will make every effort to unmask and arrest these men.
Along with the insurgents, we have begun the immediate
demobilization . . . of security police members. We guar-
antee to detain the criminals until they are brought before
the courts. Today we have . . . taken into custody 30
security police members captured by the insurgents...."
"Representatives of the Social Democratic Party Anna
Kethly, Gyula Kelemen and Jozsef Komuves have asked
the Premier to return the party's old headquarters and
the editorial offices of the party organ Nepszava. In answer
to the Premier's request that the party participate in the
new coalition government, the representatives of the Social
Democratic Party have said that the question is up to the
party and will be considered."
Medical Workers' Trade Union resolution calling for
the removal of Rakosiist leaders from the trade union
and government and demanding that the management of
health services be placed in the hands of physicians, spe-
cialists and pharmacists.
Radio Free Kossuth, in French to Europe
2300 "At 2105 this evening a Retsag [Nograd County]
unit of the Army liberated Cardinal Jozsef Mindszenty ...
from his prison at Felsopeteny where he has spent the past
year. His eight years of incarceration have come to an end.
... The people of Retsag were the first to greet the Pri-
mate. . . . Cardinal Mindszenty said: `My sons, I shall
carry on where I left off eight years ago.' The Primate
spent twenty minutes at the Retsag rectory . . . and then
left for his home in Buda."
Review of the situation in the provinces:
Miskolc: Report that Irnre Nagy's broadcasts have been
favorably received; that a Smallholders' Party meeting is
scheduled for evening; that the party's organ Miskolci
Hirlap will commence publication on Thursday. "The
people of Miskolc have decided not to lay down their arms
so long as Soviet troops are on Hungarian soil."
Gyor: Report that unrest has increased in the past
few days; that demonstrations took place at which many
people demanded a new government; that one of the meet-
ings was held at the Wagon Works, where the atmosphere
was tense. "A messenger arrived announcing that an inner
Cabinet had been formed .... Then he read the govern-
ment declarations." Comment that this news and the re-
call of Kos were favorably received.
Kapsovar: News that a Revolutionary Council has as-
sumed power and that it has begun preparations for elec-
tions. "The local commander of the State security organs
has been arrested. A new newspaper called Szabad [Free]
Somogy will be published."
Tatabanya Mining Center: Report that soldiers' and
workers' council has addressed an appeal to the govern-
ment stating that if Soviet troops do not respect the agree-
ment on evacuation the government must immediately
lodge a protest with the UN.
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
Szeged: "Order is gradually being restored. . . . The
demobilization of the security police is proceeding simul-
taneously with the organization of the National Guard.
The Revolutionary People's Council has set up a strike
committee. University leaders have expressed their agree-
ment with Imre Nagy's broadcast but have reservations
about the presence of former Stalinists in the government."
Szombathely: "It is reported that factories in Vas
County will resume work only when the government meets
the demands of the National Committee."
In other provinces similar demands and statements were
made.
"The provisional Revolutionary Council of the National
Bank has relieved President of the Bank Laszlo Hay-
a typical representative of the Rakosi-Stalin era-from his
post. Imre Nagy ... approved this action."
Radio Free Kossuth, to Diplomatic Missions
1709 The Revolutionary Committee of the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs issues a declaration in support of the revo-
lution. It condemns the "unwarranted interference of So-
viet troops," and demands that those responsible for the
bloodshed be brought to account. It repudiates the declara-
tion made, by UN representative Peter Kos, and demands
his immediate recall. as well as the recall of members of the
Foreign Ministry abroad who opposed the peoples' inter-
Radio Free Kossuth broadcasts Soviet declaration concerning changes in relations be-
tween USSR and' Satellite States.
Ministry of Agriculture announces suspension of compulsory deliveries of farm produce.
Cardinal Mindszenty arrives in Budapest.
Independent Smallholders' Party announces formation of a new executive committee and
resumes control of its former newspaper, Kis Ujsag. Hungarian Social Democratic
Party is reorganized in Budapest, with Anna Kethly as president, and Nepszava as its of-
ficial publication. .
Pal Maleter replaces Lajos Toth as First Deputy Defense Minister and Istvan Kovacs
takes Toth's former job as Army Chief of Staff.
Nagy announces that the Hungarian government is prepared to leave the Warsaw Pact
and has asked for 'negotiations on withdrawal of Soviet forces from Hungary.
A Trans-Danubian National Council is organized out of various area councils. It re-
quests immediate evacuation of Soviet forces, repudiation of the Warsaw Pact, free elec-
tions, a declaration of Hungary's neutrality, and freedom of speech, press, assembly and
worship.
Wednesday, October 31,1956
Morning
Radio Free Kossuth
0105 RESOLUTION of the National Air Defense Com-
mand calling for immediate withdrawal of Soviet troops.
"Failing this, the air forces of the People's Army will take
action in support of this demand of all Hungarian workers."
ests. In conclusion, the Committee calls on Foreign Min-
istry employees to participate in the restoration of order
and to report to their offices on Wednesday.
Radio [Free] Rajk, Location Unknown
2000 "Comrades. Peace is gradually returning to our
country. But those base villains who have caused this
bloodshed cannot escape their punishment. We will deal
with the lies we have heard on Radio Budapest, which we
read in some of the papers and which were believed in
Moscow.... In the UN Security Council the Soviet dele-
gate called the Hungarian revolutionaries Fascists and
counterrevolutionaries...." [Rest unintelligible.]
Radio Free Miskolc
2105 Miklos Fodor, speaking for the Borsod County
Council, states:
"It is a miracle that our country still exists. Only a few
hours ago we heard the joyful news: today ... the Soviet.
commander himself ordered his troops to start their imme-
diate withdrawal from our country. This means that our
glorious freedom fight is ended. The loss of Hungarian
blood was not in vain.... Joyous days are ahead. Put aside
ideas of revenge.... Rejoice! Thank our liberating God!
Let us pray!"
0337 Reading of a Soviet declaration of previous day,
concerning contemplation of new economic and military
relations of USSR with other "Socialist" countries.
Revolutionary Council of Budapest Cement Factory de-
mands that Nagy dismiss members of government who
served in past.
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
Report that Social Democratic Party headquarters is
functioning and the National Peasant Party will meet at
1400 hrs.
0455 Notice that postal services are to be resumed dur-
ing the day.
0500 Announcement by the Ministry of Ingathering that
compulsory deliveries have been discontinued. However,
"supplies for the non-agricultural population will continue.
This problem Must be worked out . . . on the principle of
voluntarism...."
0700 "Last night Budapest was relatively calm. Only
a few shots could be heard here and there.... Soviet troops
left ... early this morning."
News that transportation is still paralyzed in most of the
country.
Announcement that following a proposal of the Revolu-
tionary Military Council the Minister of Defense has or-
dered changes in the army uniform, effective that day.
Insignia on hats to be replaced with the Kossuth crest.
0745 ". . . The proceedings instituted in 1948 against
Jozsef Mindszenty, Cardinal Primate, lacked all legal basis
and ... the accusations leveled against him ... were un-
justified. In consequence . . . the Cardinal can exercise,
without any restrictions, all his civil and ecclesiastical
rights.
"Signed: Imrc Nagy, Premier."
0808 The radio withdraws its statement of 0700 that So-
viet troops had left:
"We have been informed that Soviet tanks are still in
front of the Ministry of Defense, the Ministry of the In-
terior and the Soviet Embassy, and this list is certainly in-
complete. The Ministry of Defense has now confirmed ...
that during the morning the Soviet tank units still in Buda-
pest will leave. The Ministry ... requests the population
... not to hinder the smooth withdrawal of Soviet troops.
United Press
The bodies of some of the 88 Hungarian students and workers
shot down by the security police on October 27 lie in a room in
1Vlagyarovar. A mass burial was held for the victims on-October 28.
0818 Description by Zoltan Zelk of a visit he and two
other writers made to government leaders on the night of
October 24 to present the demands of the Writers' Union
that "they [the government] should hand over power to
those who enjoyed the affection of the people and not order
firing upon the people."
"For a second we saw Istvan Kovacs' and Jozsef Revai2
emerge with frightened faces as we entered a small room
where we continued waiting. Finally we were admitted to
the room of Andras Hegedus. He lyingly said that a Fascist
counterrevolution had broken out which they would quell
by arms and, if they should not be strong enough to do it,
they would call in Soviet troops. . . . He said this smil-
ingly, as someone who had already thought out a devilish
plan. . . But we could not see Imre Nagy. . . . He was
then truly a prisoner. We only saw his son-in-law, Ferenc
Janosi . . . hanging about, lonely and haggard, in the.wait-
ing room...."
0900 "Cardinal Jozscf Mindszenty, Prince Primate, who
was liberated on Tuesday by our victorious revolution, ar-
rived at his residence in Buda at 0755 this morning."
News that the Social Democratic Party is to be repre-
sented at the conference of the Socialist International in
Vienna on November 1, with Anna Kethly as its delegate.
Commentary that newspapers appearing on the streets
now include Magyar Fuggetlenseg [Hungarian Independ-
ence], organ of the Hungarian National Revolutionary Com-
mittee, and Magyar Nemzet. The latter reports that the
Smallholders' Party in Budapest has formed a provisional
Executive Committee, supporting Bela Kovacs. Members
are: Jozsef Adorjan, Janos Csorba, Jozsef Kovago, Imre
Nemeth, Tivadar Tarczai, Istvan Rath, Istvan Szabo and
Jozsef Szcmes.
Report that Nepszava had said the previous night that
the National Council of Trade Unions had changed its
name to National Council of Hungarian Free Trade
Unions.
0925 Address by Sandor Kiss, Director of the Peasant
Federation : 3 "You must build up one great historical party
... you must build up the Hungarian Peasant Federation.
The suppressed but now revived Hungarian Peasant Federa-
tion requests this from the two coalition peasant parties, from
the Independent Smallholders' Party and from the National
Peasant Party. Talks have begun......
0945 Report of the delegation from the National Com-
mittee of Szolnok [seat of Szolnok County]: "We have
talked with Imre Nagy and. Janos Kadar. The Premier re-
quested the workers . . . to resume work.... We replied
that the people of Szolnok are resolved to work only if
the Soviet troops leave the vicinity of the town.... Imre
Nagy said that as far as he knew the Soviet troops would
leave not only Budapest but Szolnok today...." The dele-
1 Istvan Kovacs was formerly First Secretary of the Communist
Party in Budapest.
2 Jozsef Revai was Minister of Education 1949-1953; in June
1953 "resigned" from Politburo to become Deputy Chairman of the
Presidium. Reappointed to Politburo by Gero regime in July 1956.
3 Kiss headed the Peasant Federation before the Communists
took power. It was then a nonpolitical organization representing
peasant interests.
Approved For Release 2006/12/08:.CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
Resistance forces check pedestrians at a highway crossing near Gyor on October 28.
gation was told that measures had been taken to free po-
litical prisoners.
0955 Proclamation of the Representatives of the Revo-
lutionary Forces and the Revolutionary Council of the
People's Army :
"1. We demand that after evacuating the territory of
Budapest, Soviet armed forces also evacuate the entire ter-
ritory of Hungary. The members of the undersigned com-
mittee are well aware of the necessity for diplomatic rela-
tions, but they will not agree to the use of such relations
as an excuse for an indefinite stay of Soviet forces in the
country.
"2. We demand from the government the immediate
termination of the Warsaw Pact, by informing the mem-
bers of that Pact.
"3. The delegates of the Hungarian Revolutionary
Youth Committee, together with the delegates of the Revo-
lutionary Council of the People's Army, demand that Soy
viet forces evacuate the territory of Hungary by December
31, 1956. If this does not take place, we shall take up arms
and fight for the freedom of our country and the pure
cause of the revolution, taking our oath that as long as
foreign weapons endanger our country we shall fight for
that country and thereby risk our lives and our security.
"4. We announce that we shall take up arms and fight
against any foreign or internal enemy who may cross our
borders and endanger our independence.
"5. We demand that, if necessary, the Hungarian
People's Army, with the help of the Revolutionary Forces,
take over the uranium ore quarries in Hungary.
"6. Anyone who breaks the discipline of the Revolu-
tionary Forces and who does not carry out the orders of
his commander damages the cause of revolution. He must
be brought before a revolutionary court.
"7. The representatives of the Revolutionary Forces, to-
gether with the elected Revolutionary Committee of Hun-
garian Army Unity, form the Revolutionary Committee of
the Hungarian Army Forces. This Revolutionary Commit-
tee is the supreme commanding organ of the Army. It has
been agreed that for the sake of public security, order and
peace, the Armed Revolutionary Youth will maintain order
in cooperation with the Revolutionary Committee of the
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
Armed Forces and with the police. They will jointly arrest
and turn over to the independent justice of Hungary crimi-
nals and elements that are alien to the people. We approve
of the disbanding of the security police, and demand that
no member of the security police become a member of
armed or police units.
"Signed : Representatives of the Revolutionary Forces
and the Revolutionary Council of the People's Army,
Budapest, October 31, 1956."
1010 Announcement that Soviet tanks are still standing
in front of the parliament building and appeal to the Min-
ister of Defense to demand that the Soviet forces leave.
1100 "TASS reports from Moscow that the Soviet gov-
ernment has instructed its military command to withdraw
military formations from Budapest as soon as the Hun-
garian government considers it appropriate. At the same
time, the Soviet government is ready to enter into negotia-
tions with the government of the Hungarian People's Re-
public and with other governments which are party to the
Warsaw Pact on the withdrawal of Soviet troops from
Hungary as well...."
Summary of a report in Igazsag, paper of the Revolu-
tionary Hungarian Army and Youth:
""The reporter said that Soviet troops were already called
in and martial law announced when Imre Nagy became
president of the Council. Thus he was faced with a fait
accompli. . . . Even on Friday the Gero-Hegedus clique
wanted to force Imre Nagy to sign a pre-dated letter call-
ing on Soviet troops to help crush the rebellion. Of course,
Imre Nagy would not sign this letter."
A proclamation of the Army Officers' Cadet School
demanding that the Army "should at last be an independ-
ent national Army free from the influence of any political
party or trend."
"Attention, attention! We have just been informed by
the :.. Ministry of Defense that the Soviet tanks which
had encircled the Ministry left a few minutes ago."
Radio Free Miskolc
0920 "This is the radio of the Borsod workers' coun-
cil. What is happening in our agricultural collectives?
Our basic principle is that . . . only those should re-
main in which the production balance is favorable, and in
which the members favor their further existence.... Sec-
ondly, the liquidation of collectives can be carried out only
gradually.... Thirdly, small peasant farms must be estab-
lished from the farmlands of liquidated cooperatives... .
Fourthly, the constitution of the remaining cooperatives,
their norms, and their evaluation of work must be changed,
to make the shares more just. . . . Our machine tractor
stations [MTS] must be transformed into associations for
the use of the machines and into machine repair stations."
1010 Announcement from the Szabolcs and Szatmar
workers' councils [in Szabolcs-Szatmar County] to "stu-
dents of Rome, people of Switzerland, America, Britain,
West Germany and people of the entire Free World" :
"Now, when our nation is starting on the path of na-
tional revival ... we cannot forget the immeasurable help
with which our fight has been supported by our friends who
live abroad. We well know what it meant to side with the
cause of Hungarian freedom in the field of international
diplomacy, press or radio, we well know the immense
moral and material value of the solidarity of the free
countries, their financial help and their shipments of medi-
cines and food. We know and shall never forget that the
free world did not abandon us, but sided with us and
hurried to help us. We shall not be unworthy of this help.
We shall build up an independent and free Hungary. We
shall also create freedom of conscience, a life without fear
and a life without slavery. We shall create a life that
recognizes only one command: never to forget why Hun-
gary has reached out for arms."
Radio Free Gyor
0715 "Dear listeners, the national councils have dis-
cussed their problems at Gyor and have come to the con-
clusion that owing to the still unsatisfactory measures of
the government one cannot yet regard the immediate exe-
cution of the demands of the revolutionaries as secured.
After consultations lasting until midnight the following
decisions were taken :
"1. The deputies of the Trans-Danubian Assembly at
Gyor have formed, on October 30, 1956, the Trans-Danu-
bian National Council. The seat of the Council is Gyor.
The ... Council completely identifies itself with the free-
dom struggle in all its details.
"2. At the . . . Council the national councils of the
affiliated counties. are represented with four, and the affili-
ated cities with two, deputies each.
"3. The ... Council will make its own plans and work-
ing rules.
"4. The ... Council asks the other national councils to
join with it and states that the National Council of Borsod
County and the National Councils of Bacs-Kiskun County
and the workers' council of Csepel Island have already
joined.
"5. The . . . Council has decided to begin within 24
hours negotiations with the government for the fulfillment
of the nation's demands.
"6. The . . . Council demands reliable guarantees for
the fulfillment of promises regarding the people's demands,
especially the withdrawal of Soviet forces.
"7. The.... Council recognizes that the military units
stationed in Papa, Gyor, Tata and Zalaegerszeg* have de-
clared that they will defend the people against any attack, if
necessary despite higher orders. The ... Council considers
it essential to establish a uniform military command.
4 Papa is a town in Veszprem County, Tata is a town in Koma-
rom County and Zalaegerszeg is the seat of Zala County.
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
"8. The government must call general, secret elections
with the participation of several parties by the end of Janu-
ary 1957 at the latest.
"9. Local armed forces are to be organized under the
... Council.
"10. Until a National Assembly is convoked, officers of
the rank of Colonel or above will be appointed subject to the
consent of the National Council still to be formed.
"11. The . . . Council considers changes in the govern-
ment necessary, and will negotiate for adequate repre-
sentation of freedom fighters in the government.
"12. Hungary shall issue a declaration of neutrality....
"13. Freedom of speech, of the press and of religion
must be guaranteed.
14. Should the government not comply with these de-
mands, the Trans-Danubian National Council will not
recognize it even tentatively. The strike will be continued
in any case. The Trans-Danubian National Council is
establishing contact with the Budapest National Council
in order to bring about the formation of a new government.
For this purpose, a delegation of the ... Council will go to
Imre Nagy immediately."
0730 Announcement that students and school children
in Sopron are beginning to collect nonperishable food and
clothing, with urging that the population of Sopron con-
tribute.
Wednesday, October 31,1956-Afternoon
Radio Free Kossuth
1225 "A FEW MINUTES ago the cupola of the house of
parliament was covered with a red, white and green flag.
At the request of the nation we hoisted this National Flag."
1237 Report from Magyar Honved, the new Army pa-
per, on the freeing of Cardinal Mindszenty:
"On Tuesday evening at 1900 [GMT] four officers and a
driver received information at the barracks of Retsag that
security policemen were guarding Primate Mindszenty in
a room of the mansion house at Felsopeteny. The .. .
officers drove immediately to Felsopeteny, disarmed the 14
men who were guarding the Primate, and drove him to the
barracks in Retsag. The Primate was immensely glad ...
and wanted to travel to Budapest that very night. Because
the road seemed unsafe, the Primate was brought to Buda-
pest in the morning, between 0500 and 0515, in an arm-
ored car guarded by four tanks. In all the villages they
passed the people threw flowers to the Primate and the
soldiers.... In Buda he is, at the moment, receiving vari-
ous delegations, and 15 minutes ago he gave his first press
interview to the correspondent of Magyar Honved:
" `I admire what the weapons of the youth, the soldiers,
the university students, the villagers, the peasants and the
workers accomplished. After eight years of imprisonment,
they tore open the door of my prison. These brave officers
of Retsag cared for nothing, they came to the house where
I was imprisoned and took me along with them. I rested
in the barracks. I send my pontifical blessing to the Hun-
garian arms. I wish the glory acquired by Hungarian arms
to be multiplied by our peasantry when the need comes....
I want to be informed of the situation before I do or say
more.'
1241 "Hungarians! The opinion of Radio Free Kossuth
is that the Red Star must be removed as soon as possible
from the cupola of parliament. The fire department has
been working since 1000; The star is placed at a height of
100 meters, weighs one ton and has a diameter of four
meters."
1400 "The airlift is functioning well. Both yesterday
and today a large quantity of medicine and food arrived at
Ferihegy Airport. The airlift is. operated by [number un-
intelligible] planes. Foreign relief consignments which come
among other places from Great Britain, Switzerland and
Austria are concentrated in Vienna and thence are taken by
the regular airlift service to Budapest. On Tuesday, 21 [for-
eign?] planes landed at Ferihegy Airport, including Polish,
Romanian, Belgian and Swiss planes. On Wednesday the
arrival of food and medicine ... is expected."
Listing of the new leadership of the Social Democratic
Party: President, Anna Kethly; First Secretary, Gyula
Kelemen; Deputy, Dr. Andras Revesz. "The great ma-
jority of the interim party leadership was imprisoned dur-
ing the years of Rakosi's terror ... the party's newspaper
Nepszava will appear tomorrow."
1600 "Attention, attention! You will now hear an im-
portant announcement. The Presidential Council of the
People's Republic has relieved Lajos Toth, First Deputy
Minister of Home Defense and head of the Army Gen-
eral Staff, of his office. At the same time the Council
nominated Pal Maleter as First Deputy Minister of Home
Defense, and Istvan Kovacs as head of the Army General
Staff. The Council of Ministers of the Hungarian People's
Republic appointed Maj. Gen. Bela Kiraly5 as military
commander of the capital. In order to avoid misunder-
standing, we announce that Istvan Kovacs ... is not the
same person as the notorious former First Secretary of the
Budapest Party Committee."
1602 Announcement by the workers of the former Na-
tional Air Defense Command:
"1. . . . We demand that our air defense be independ-
ent, free of all political and party influences....
5 General Kiraly was formerly Chief of the Training Section of
the Ministry of Defense.
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
"2. We demand that Soviet troops withdraw from our
country and that the government constantly inform the
people of the progress of this withdrawal.
"3. We demand that Hungary become a neutral State,
like Austria.
"4. We demand that free elections be held, without the
supervision of any foreign State.
"5. We demand that our uranium mines be placed un-
der Hungarian control immediately.
"6. We demand that public buildings which are now
free be immediately handed over for necessary apartments.
"7. We. demand that every organ of air defense be im-
mediately used for the work of reconstruction, since it is
in this way that they desire to show their loyalty to the
revolutionary movement.
"8. We undertake the immediate dismantling of the un-
exploded shells, mines and hand grenades in Budapest.
"9. We place the stocks of our air raid defense stores
and . . . drugs, bandages and medical instruments at the
disposal of the health authorities.
"Signed : The Revolutionary Committee of the National
Center of Hungarian Air Defense."
"This afternoon a large crowd gathered in Lajos Kos-
suth Square. Imre Nagy came down from Parliament to
the Kossuth Memorial and made a speech. In this speech
he emphasized that it was not he who demanded the aid
of Soviet troops, that this measure was taken without his
knowledge. He declared that simultaneous with our resig-
nation from the Warsaw Pact we are asking for the imme-
diate withdrawal of Soviet troops. After the Premier's
speech, the crowd broke up into smaller groups and ex-
pressed its dissatisfaction with the person of the Minister
of the Interior, Ferenc Munnich."
Description of Cardinal Mindszenty's arrival at his
palace in Buda. "As early as 0700 [GMT] a growing crowd
was gathering around the building in Uri Street to greet
the Cardinal. . . . Cardinal Primate Mindszenty appeared
on the balcony of the palace and spoke a few words of
gratitude, after which he gave his blessing to the people
who were kneeling as far as the eye could see. He then
retired to his chapel, where he celebrated mass."
* * *
"The semi-official Hungarian Roman Catholic Press In-
formation Service took up its activities once again this
morning, at 0900."
* * *
"The Ministry of Health today took over two important
health institutions. From now on the former security police
hospital, Otto Corvin, will be under the authority of the
Minister of Health, and will serve the civilian population.
The hospital in Kutvolgyi Ut, which was until now reserved
for Party functionaries, will be at the service of general
patients."
* * *
United Press
Hungarian soldiers backed up by a tank guard the bullet and
shell-pocked Budapest residence of Jozsef Cardinal Mindszenty.
workers also had an interview with Imre Nagy today. They
assured him of their complete confidence. Their most ur-
gent demand was the immediate departure of the Soviet
forces.... At the moment Imre Nagy is conferring with the
Trans-Danubian Revolutionary Committee. A delegation
from Cegled is waiting at his office to see him...."
1620 Appeal to the world by the Christian Youth
League:
"After 10 years of enforced silence, in the last few
revolutionary days we have formed the first Christian
organization, the Christian Youth League. We have to
contend with indescribable difficulties and therefore we
ask you, our sister organizations abroad, to come to our
assistance morally and materially. Our aim is the rallying
of Hungarian Christian youth into a single camp which
should represent the ideals of young masses standing on the
basis of Christian principles within the forces guiding the
country's political life. Our address is: Budapest, V.
Nagy Sandor Street, No. 6."
1700 Appeal to the workers from the temporary execu-
tive committee of the National Federation of Free Hun-
garian Trade Unions:
"Workers, Hungarian toilers! The miraculous revolution
of youth and working people who have participated in the
fighting has turned into a revolution of the entire Hun-
"The Ambassador of the Yugoslav People's Republic to-
day called on Premier Nagy and had an interview with
him which lasted half an hour.... A delegation of Csepel
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
garian people and nation. The national revolution of our
people has overthrown the rule of bureaucratic servants
of foreign interests. Stalinist sectarian leaders have been
removed, and factories have truly and irrevocably come
into the hands of the workers. This revolution has also
made the liberation of the trade union movement possible,
so that, independent of all Party and government in-
fluence, the trade unions can indeed become a militant
and consistent organization representing the interests of
the workers.
"On the recommendation of the temporary Revolutionary
Committee of the National Federation of Free Hungarian
Trade Unions, the presidium of the National Trade Union
Council has been dissolved with immediate effect and, with
the inclusion of old and formerly imprisoned representa-
tives of the workers' movement, a temporary executive
committee set up. The executive committee asks workers,
including organized workers, that wherever they disagree
with the composition of factory committees they should
hold new trade union elections on the basis of real trade
union democracy.
"Workers, organized workers! It has become a general
national demand that we shall not resume work so long as
Soviet troops remain in Budapest. The government has
promised . . that the Soviet troops shall be withdrawn.
The radio will announce the implementation of this.. .
We demand that the government should negotiate defi-
nitely with the Soviet government about the withdrawal of
Soviet troops within a 'short time from the whole country,
and publish the deadline for it... .
"We owe it to our youth, workers and army that the
factories and workshops have truly become ours. It is
our turn now to defend our factories, if need be with arms,
and the magnificent achievements of our national revolu-
tion...
Appeal for help from the Hungarian Red Cross to the
youth: "No one knows the number of wounded."
Announcement of temporary leadership for the National
Peasant Party: Secretary-General, Ferenc Farkas; mem-
bers of the executive committee: Dr. Istvan Bibo, former
university professor; Ferenc S. Szabo, Director of the
Agricultural Museum; Lajos Jocsik, former ministerial
official; Gyula Zsigmond, former Deputy Secretary of
the Planning Bureau; Janos Kurucz and Sandor Hodi,
peasants; Zoltan Zsebok, doctor and university professor;
Attila Szigcti, President of the National Committee of
Gyor-Sopron Country; Jozsef Kanyar, teacher; Imre Kon-
dor, director of the library of the Technical Academy; and
Janos Kelemen, writer. At the suggestion of Gyula Illyes,
a supervisory committee was elected: Gcza Fcja, Gyula
Illyes, Janos Kodolanyi, Dezso Kcresztury, Laszlo Nemeth,
Zigmond Remenyi, Istvan Sinka, Lorinc Szabo, Pal Szabo,
Aron Tamasi and Peter Vcres.
1737 Report from Varpalota that Radio Free Petofi is
being jammed by a foreign radio station.
Radio Free Kossuth, in French to Europe
1300 Declaration and demands of the Trans-Danubian
National Council.*
1300 "Order and calm prevail at Pecs. Today, Wednes-
day, is the first day of complete calm in Pecs and in the
whole of Baranya County. The public services of Pecs
are working as usual and work has been partially resumed
in the mines.... The activities of the security police have
been reduced to nil. The people's authority remains firmly
in the hands of the National Guard. On Wednesday the
first issue of the new daily Szabad Dunantul was published.
On the front page appeared the Kossuth coat-of-arms...
1310 Press review:
"The daily newspaper Magyar Fuggetlenseg, the paper of
the Hungarian National Revolutionary Committee ... an-
nounces ... that at 1700 on October 30 talks were started
between Premier Imre Nagy and delegates of the armed
forces, insurgents for freedom, the members of the Na-
tional Revolutionary Committee and the delegates of the
revolutionary intellectuals and students. Jozsef Dudas,
chairman of the National Revolutionary Committee, put
forward a proposal....
"The editorial [in Magyar Fuggetlenseg] written by Dudas
points out that `... the present coalition government must
be transformed. so that, along with Imre Nagy, Bela Kovacs
and Janos Kadar, each of the democratic parties is repre-
sented in the government by a minister. These latter,
however, will have to be chosen from people who have not
lost the confidence of their party.' [Dudas] convened a
congress of the national revolutionary forces for Thursday
morning.... `The local revolutionary organs which formed
spontaneously in Trans-Danubia ... and in a great many
towns of the Great Plain ... still lack a central organiza-
tion. The freedom fighters cannot therefore do justice
to their real weight, cannot summon the required authority
for their position vis-a-vis the government.... Neither the
men of the anti-democratic policy of the pre-1945 regime
nor the zealous supporters of Stalinism must figure among
the delegates. This is the time when revolutionary vigil-
ance is necessary.'
"... Egyetemi If jusag, the paper of the Students' Revolu-
tionary Committee, demands ... a new Hungarian foreign
policy : ` ... Hungary, autonomous and independent, must
carry out an autonomous and independent foreign policy.
... We have had enough of the yoke of the Great Powers,
the mercenaries of Hitler and Stalin, of Szalasi and Rakosi.
The nation's social system will be determined by the Hun-
garian people by means of free and democratic legislative
elections, but whatever the regime chosen, our independence
will not be for sale. In addition to the friendship of the
great Western powers we need an international convention
in which the four Great Powers will assure the neutrality
of Hungary, a convention which, on the pattern of that
of Switzerland and Austria, will assure the autonomy and
freedom of our Fatherland.'
" . . . Magyar Nemztt. . . `Simultaneous with the
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
evacuation of Soviet troops, our second demand of decisive
importance is being fulfilled-the end of the single-party
regime and the advent of a political life based on the
plurality of parties and free, general and secret elections.
We owe it to historic truth to say first of all that the
call to the Soviet troops was not made by Imre Nagy, but
by the Gero-Hegedus clique which called them into the
capital.' "
1707 Account of a meeting of the Independent Small-
holders' Party at Pecs, attended by over 100 former mem-
bers and by Bela Kovacs, former Secretary-General of the
party who had been under treatment in a Pecs nursing
home.
"Istvan Dobi telephoned him [Kovacs] and informed
him that Imre Nagy wanted to form a national govern-
ment with his participation. Since in the past Kovacs had
been in touch with Imre Nagy and supported efforts aimed
at freeing the country from the Rakosis, Geros and their
like, he agreed, but has not been in communication with
the government since. He said: `I was astonished at
seeing the new government list containing the names of
several former Communist leaders. On the next day I
wrote a letter of resignation in which I expressed my dis-
agreement with the composition of the government, but
my friends persuaded me not to send the letter. I do not
know what the government wants. The prospects are
great . . . but . . . only when I have been to Budapest and
conferred with the members of the government shall I
know.' Kovacs then spoke of the ... future activity of the
Independent Smallholders' Party.... `No one must dream
of going back to the world of counts, bankers and capi-
talists; that world is definitely over. A true member of the
Smallholders' Party cannot think along the lines of 1939 or
1945....' Finally Kovacs spoke of his views on Hungarian
foreign policy. . . . `The Hungarian people want a neutral
Hungary.' The speech was received with great enthu-
siasm. . . . The delegates to the meeting decided that
Kovacs' expulsion from the ... party had been illegal and
A derailed tramcar and a Soviet tank in the background during the fighting in downtown Budapest.
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
elected him president for life of the Baranya Departmental
Federation...."
Radio Free Miskolc
1217 "Attention, attention! . . . As reported, the with-
drawal of Soviet units has begun. However, for reasons
that we and the people of the country do not understand,
large Soviet forces-anti-aircraft units, tanks and troops-
have changed their direction and again entered the ter-
ritory of Hungary from Zahony in the direction of Nyiregy-
haza. The reason for this circular movement of Soviet
troops is incomprehensible to us. We observed the move-
ment of Soviet troops all night, with the help of various
sources, and we informed the President of the Council
of Ministers [Premier] of the events of the night. We spoke
by telephone with the Minister of State, Zoltan Tildy, and
with the Deputy Minister of Defense, and we earnestly
requested them to take up the matter with the Soviet com-
manders most energetically.... At our request the Council
of Ministers was called together, and we received the fol-
lowing answer this morning: `I can reassure you of the
building up of an independent, free and democratic Hun-
gary.' 93
1645 Announcements that the Bishop of Vac is no
longer in custody and that Radio Free Debrecen has be-
gun to broadcast on wave length 42.5.
1725 Report that contradictory accounts of Soviet troop
movements have been received by the Debrecen Revolu-
tionary Committee: "Therefore the situation is not as yet
clear."
Radio Free Gyor
1315 Announcement by the National Council of Gyor
County that it has set up a press: and information depart-
ment in Gyor.
1735 States that it has been scientifically established
that the jamming of the station is being done by a station
"in a foreign country.", The radio again protests this air
piracy.
Radio Free Szombathely
1200 "According to a Budapest communique the with-
drawal of Soviet troops from Budapest is in process. The
government has restored all civil and ecclesiastical rights
to Jozsef Cardinal Mindszenty, Prince Primate of Hungary.
We have received news that Cardinal Mindszenty' has ar-
rived in Budapest. . . . [The remainder of the Broadcast
could not be heard because of strong jamming, apparently
from Slovakia.]
Wednesday, October 31,1956-Night
Radio Free Kossuth
1800 ANNOUNCEMENT that the Revolutionary Council
of the chief attorney's office has delegated military and
civilian judges to control the release of political prisoners.
"In order to prevent the release of persons imprisoned be-
cause they defended the Rakosi regime or committed
crimes against the present revolution, the Council has de-
creed the release of persons imprisoned for offenses against
the laws on food supply . . . the regrouping of land, and
the cooperatives.... The Council has begun to revise those
decrees which hurt the interest of the people...."
1900 Statement by the Revolutionary Workers' Council
of the Budapest power plant that they will not supply elec-
tricity-apart from the needs of the population and of hos-
pitals-until Soviet troops evacuate all of Hungary.
Appeal by the Revolutionary Council of the National
Police Command : "The police, in close cooperation with
the army and revolutionary youth, have begun to restore
order and public security. By this morning many patrols
were making their rounds in Budapest. Restoration of
order is appreciably facilitated by the increasingly active
part played by university youth."
"In these difficult days we receive with a modesty' puri-
fied by patriotism the tributes given to our people's great
renaissance by the press and radio of various peoples....
It is, however, shocking that the Czechoslovak and Ro-
manian press and radio comment in a Stalinist tone ... on
the events of our revolution. They echo the same terms
as were used only a few days ago by the Hungarian Stalin-
ists.... We cannot truthfully blame the Czechoslovak or
Romanian people for the painful slanders, but we raise our
voice firmly in protest against the slanders heaped on our
revolution by the Romanian and Czechoslovak information
services."
Interview with a freed political prisoner, Karoly Molnar,
sentenced to a 15-year term in 1953 on the charge of "or-
ganization of armed opposition to the people's democ-
racy": "The convicts heard about the revolution of Hun-
garian youth on October 23 and decided to register their
sympathy by launching a hunger strike. Two hundred and
three convicts took part ... for 96 hours. Convicts on the
surface also staged a hunger strike in sympathy. In the end
the non-convict miners intervened with the competent
ministry to obtain their release."
2100 "News: The President of the Council of Ministers
has declared that the government of the Hungarian Peo-
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
pie's Republic will immediately take up with the govern-
ment of the Soviet Union the question of the withdrawal of
Soviet troops from Hungary. . . . The Hungarian govern-
ment. has requested the Soviet government to appoint a
delegation to start talks immediately, and has also asked
that the time and place of the above-mentioned talks be
fixed."
* * *
"Many requests have been submitted to Radio Free
Kossuth asking for the discontinuation of jamming of
Hungarian broadcasts from abroad. Radio Free Kossuth's
viewpoint is that the struggle of words and ideas should not
be' interfered with over the air ... the operation of jam-
ming stations in Hungary has already been stopped. There-
fore, the jamming which still interferes with broadcasts
does not cone from this country. The best illustration of
this is that . . . the broadcasts of Radio Free Petofi are
also jammed."
Communique. from the Revolutionary Students' Com-
mittee: "All armed students must return to their posts as
soon as possible."
* *
"Leaflets distributed by the Revolutionary University
Students' Committee carried the slogan : `Our confidence
is in Imre Nagy!' The leaflet announces, `On Tuesday,
October 23, this was also the slogan,' and then it con-
tinues:
" `For about two or three days this confidence was shaken,
but now it is stronger than ever. It has become evident
that Imre Nagy was a prisoner of the security police for
two days, and that he made his first radio announcement
with a machine gun at his back.. His recent declaration
revealed that the introduction of martial law and the
interference of Soviet troops were not ordered by him,
and that the Rakosi-Gero scoundrels charged him with
this in order to cause his downfall. We therefore believe
in Imre Nagy, and we warn him to safeguard carefully the
trust of the people! He must separate himself from the
traitors. He must clean the filth of the past from the gov-
ernment, he must remove those who are rightly despised
and hated by the people. He must take the necessary steps
to accomplish the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Hun-
gary, and must give instructions which will prevent the
infiltration of the security police into the new police forces.
Imre Nagy's adherence to his duties has already been
proved by several proper measures, and we impatiently
await further measures of this kind. Our trust will in-
crease in proportion to Imre Nagy's compliance with the
people's justified demands.' "
* * *
Message relayed from Gyor requesting Budapest hospi-
tals not to send cars to the Austrian frontier, because Aus-
trian authorities will not let them pass. News that the
Austrians are delivering aid consignments by rail or in
their own cars.
"The Revolutionary Committee of Students appeals to
the people of Hungary to keep aloof from those who want
to besmirch the sacred ideals and heroic days of our
revolution by fishing in troubled waters, committing atroci-
ties and resorting to arbitrary force. We shall act most
resolutely against them...."
Account of the Olympic team's hesitation before leaving
for Australia. "Our railwaymen refuse to move any train
so long as there are Soviet troops in our country." The
team finally left by bus for Prague: "The athletes were
more concerned with what was going to happen at home
than with what would happen in Australia. They altered
their Olympic uniform in a hurry, tearing off the old
national emblem. The composition of the team has also
been changed...."
2240 Appeal from the Revolutionary University Stu-
dents' Committee:
"We regard the present political leadership as temporary.
We support Imre Nagy to the extent to which he and his
government meet our demands. To this end, we shall
make use of -any means to rid him of Stalinist influence.
We therefore demand, among other things, that the old
Stalinists Antal Apro, Eric Molnar, Ferenc Nezval, Janos
Csergo and Mrs. Jozsef Nagy leave the government. On
the other hand, we should like to see Mrs. Anna Kethly
in the government, and Gyorgy Lukacs and Gyula Illyes
in the posts of Minister of Education and Popular Culture,
respectively. We should also like to see representatives of
youth in the government. We also demand that the gov-
ernment immediately take steps to have Soviet troops
recalled from the country by November 30 at the latest.
If we receive an open and resolute answer from the gov-
ernment within three days, we shall help to start produc-
tion so that our people do not suffer further material
damage. . . . We want neither Stalinism nor capitalism.
We want a truly democratic and truly Socialist Hungary,
completely independent from any other country. Finally,
we demand most firmly that the bootlickers of the Rakosi
clique leave the radio which served the Stalinist regime
and which even a few days ago was still slandering our
glorious fight for freedom....
"On behalf of the Revolutionary University Students'
Committee: Istvan Pozsar, Janos Varga, Jozsef Molnar
and Janos Papp."
Reply to this appeal:
"In his speech to the participants in the mass demonstra-
tion before the parliament building this morning, and then
in his statement to a group of British and American cor-
respondents, Imre Nagy was resolute and determined in
saying that Hungary would leave the Warsaw Pact and
would fight in this, way too for the withdrawal of Soviet
troops from Hungary, even if it should be alone among
the Warsaw Pact countries to take this step .... I You will
certainly have noticed from the complete change in the
u At 1945 Radio Vienna broadcast a recorded interview with
Premier Nagy taped on the afternoon of October 31 in the Buda-
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
name and tone of Radio Kossuth, which took place a day
and a half ago, that we have removed the Stalinist leader-
ship of the radio and have elected a Revolutionary Workers'
Council in its place. We shall be pleased if the Revolu-
tionary Committee of University Students will make con-
tact with our workers' council and help it in its work. . . .
2300 "Three hundred and ninety-five political prisoners
have left Maria.nosztra7 Prison in complete order. These
prisoners were freed on Sunday upon the intervention of
the Szob national committee... .
Radio Free Kossuth, in French to Europe
2300 "Kis Ujsag, the central organ of the Smallholders'
pest parliament building. Nagy answered the questions in halting
German. The following are the highlights of the interview:
"Q: What about the Warsaw Pact now? Are you in it or not?
"A: At present, we are in it.
"Q: Do you wish to leave the Warsaw Pact, if the Hungarian
people desire this?
"A:. Today we have begun negotiations on this matter.. .
r nethe
Q: It will now be to the Western Powers t for aid
nomically. Will' you apply
reconstruction of Hungary?
"A: It seems to me that we will have to count on all economic
forces to help us emerge from this situation.
. Q: According to the agreement you have concluded, are
11
the Soviet forces now withdrawing to their original bases in Hun-
gary?
"A: At present the forces in Budapest, it seems, have already
withdrawn and have returned to their bases.
"Q: In Hungary?
"A: Yes, in Hungary. I do not know exactly from where they
came.
"Q: There are also some Soviet forces which came across the
border from other States. Are they also withdrawing to where they
came from?
"A: I think so, yes. I do not know from where they came, but
they will return from where they came.
"Q: You said just a few minutes ago that you were put under
pressure to bring in the Soviet troops, that it was not you who
invited the Soviet troops to move into Budapest. Who invited
them?
"A: It was not I-that I can say. At that time I was not
Premier. I was not a member of the Central Committee of the
Party.
"Q: How then did the opinion appear that you invited the
troops?
"A: I do not know. At that time I was not a member of the
leadership. It may have been this way: at first it was said it was
the government, and then later on, after two or three days, I was
made Premier, and the masses are unable to differentiate. Two
days ago or now, it is all the same to them.
"Q: But did you not approve of the invitation to the Soviet
troops afterward?
"A: No.
"Q: Did you say it was necessary for the re-establishment of
peace and order, or did you not?
"A: No, no, no. I did not say such a thing, and I must say
that its appearance has caused much damage.
"Q: What will now be the first measures of the government?
" A: We have very grave economic problems. The most im-
portant problem is to restore order here and to re-establish eco-
..
nomic life... .
7 Marianosztra Prison, in Nograd County, was a women's prison
before World War IT.
Bela Kovacs
Party, will appear again in Budapest tomorrow morning.
Its director is Bela Kovacs, its editor-in-chief Dezso Futo."
Radio Free Miskolc
1815 Announcement that Radio Rakoczi in Kaposvar
began broadcasting on wave length 50.
1850 Report that, according to a telephone message
from Nyircgyhaza, Soviet units are continuously passing
through on their withdrawal from Hungary; also that
Soviet tanks stopped in central square of Nyiregyhaza to
ask directions to Zahony, the border town.
2010 ' Declaration by the workers' council of Szatmar-
Szabolcs County:
"The border guards have been on the people's side from
the first moment on. They cannot be identified with those
security policemen. . . . Continue to help them . . . to
secure the defense of the border. We have published this
announcement because we have received complaints from
the border that the people did not show the respect and
trust due to the military units who have joined the people."
2025 "Dear listeners! ... We were the first to announce
to our listeners Marshal Zhukov's order on the withdrawal
of Soviet troops from Hungary. Also, we were the first to
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
report that the Soviet Army was carrying out operations
in the Zahony area which amounted to going around in
circles. At the same time . . . we had made contact with
our present government. We gave an account of the inter-
view with Mr. Zoltan Tildy, Minister of State, and the
Deputy Chairman of the National Defense Committee in
our afternoon transmission. During the night, that is, from
0100 hours until now, we continuously tried to get in
touch . . . to make inquiries about their opinion .of the
present situation. All we could get as a reply was : `We
are negotiating,' and again, `We are negotiating,' and `Do
not worry.' Nothing else.... What can be the reason for
this? . . . We expect the government not to strain the
people's nerves to the breaking point. . . . When we an-
nounced Marshal Zhukov's order, the Free Kossuth Radio
resented it half an hour later. It resented the fact that
we had beaten them to it. Dear Kossuth Radio, if you
don't mind, this was not the first announcement with
which we came out first. And if you are not up to the
mark, we shall try to beat you to it in the future too. We
turned to the government, and we expected the govern-
ment to understand us, to trust us, and to be pleased to
reply to the County of Borsod.... We have failed to get
a reply over the telephone. We are now asking for a reply
over the radio to our most important question so that we
can act calmly ... in the interest of restoring the Socialist
order of our free Hungarian fatherland...."
2040 Review of foreign newspapers, including Pravda
[Moscow], Avanti! [Rome] and the New York Times. Com-
ment that Pravda "basely slandered our fight for liberation
and branded it an anti-popular adventure." Statement that
the Polish and Western press are generally in sympathy
with the resistance fighters. Quote from the New York
Times to the effect that if the USSR breaks its promise to
evacuate Hungary there will be war between the USSR
and the Hungarian people.
* * *
"The news that foreign forces confiscate all food and
medical consignments which arrive in Budapest under the
pretext that they contain arms has been confirmed. Hun-
garian freedom fighters have asked the UN to send ob-
servers to Hungary to examine the present situation."
Announces Trans-Danubian Council's demands [see Oc-
tober 31, Radio Free Gyor, 0715 hrs.].
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
2235 Demands of the workers' council of Borsod County:
"We demand that the government must speak frankly
and without restraint through the allegedly free Radio
Kossuth because we will not stop fighting otherwise. We
demand that the Russian troops immediately start actually
leaving the country because there will be no order, peace
or tranquillity on the soil of our country, sprinkled with
precious blood, until they have left. We look forward to
deeds by the government and not to its words."
2240 Report that the Kunmadaras airfield is in perfect
condition for the use of planes bringing supplies. Request
to the Borsod County Revolutionary Council to make Mis-
kolc airfield fit for daytime operations. Complaint that the
Szolnok Revolutionary Council is not up to its task, that
the radio station is in the hands of State security police, and
that Soviet troops have disarmed Hungarian artillery units
in Szolnok. Request that the Borsod County Revolutionary
Council contact some military units in Trans-Danubia,
especially the fighter aircraft units in Sarmellek and an-
other place, because these units possess transmitting sets
of great power.
Radio Free Gyor
1930 "A new radio transmitter is here. This is Radio
Free Petofi II from Gyor on the 43 meter band. Dear
listeners, with this our broadcasting range has grown con-
siderably. Until now the country could hear Radio Free
Petofi [Gyor], now the whole world can hear us because
Radio Free Petofi II will relay the programs of Radio
Free Petofi [Gyor] I."
Radio Free Szombathely
1835 "In order to preserve Hungary's independence we
ask the [UN] Security Council to send material and, if nec-
essary, military aid to Hungary.... We do not recognize
the present government."
Radio [Free] Rajk
2000 "This is Radio Rajk. Listen daily at 0800, 1630
and 2000. Comrades! Peace is gradually returning to the
country. But those base villains who caused this bloodshed
cannot escape their punishment. We shall deal with the
lies we have heard over Radio Kossuth, and which we
have read in some of the papers, and which were even
believed in Moscow. In the Security Council of the UN
the Soviet delegate called the Hungarian insurgents Fascist
counterrevolutionaries...." [Poor reception. Denunciation
of the Soviet Union and members of the security police.
Material is often repeated from tape, with same errors
recurring.]
Thursday, November 1, 1956
Imre Nagy announces Hungary's withdrawal from the Warsaw Pact, proclaims Hun-
garian neutrality, and asks the United Nations to put the Hungarian question on its agenda.
Nepakarat, newspaper of the Free Hungarian Trade Unions, is published for the first
time. The National Peasant Party, now called the Petofi Party, is reorganized. Kadar at-
tacks past leaders and policies of the Hungarian Communist Party and announces the re-
organization of the Party under the name of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party.
Soviet units surround Hungarian airfields, allegedly to protect evacuation of Soviet de-
pendents from Budapest. Budapest ringed by Soviet tanks. The Hungarian Army asks all
personnel to maintain discipline and avoid clashes with Soviet troops.
Morning
Radio Free Kossuth
0755 "NEws REACHED the Austrian frontier that Erno
Giro and Andras Hegedus escaped from Hungary toward
the Soviet Union on Tuesday night. Former Minister of .
the Interior Laszlo Piros went with them."
0755 Report that the head office of the National Social
Insurance has set up its Revolutionary Committee and has
removed leading officials responsible for grave mistakes.
0755 "Anna Kethly and Andras Revesz', [Deputy] Secre-
tary-General of the Social Democratic Party, will leave for
Vienna today for talks with Social Democratic delegates
to the Socialist International."
0858 "On October 31, 1956, delegates of the National
Committees of 'Frans-Danubia set up the Trans-Danubian
National Council, with headquarters in Gyor. The Council
fully identifies itself with the heroic freedom fighters. Every
county in Trans-Danubia is represented by two delegates
and county capitals and the city of Gyor will each be rep-
resented by two delegates....
"Within the next 24 hours, the Trans-Danubian Na-
1 Revesz did not reach Vienna.
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R004000170003-9
tional Council will start negotiations with the government
on the subject of its fulfillment of the nation's demands.
The TNC wants to receive a guarantee from the govern-
ment that it will keep its promises-in particular, the
promise that Soviet troops will evacuate the country at the
given time. The TNC welcomes [into its organization] the
military units of Papa, Gyor, Tata and Zalaegerszeg and
salutes their promise to protect the people from any foreign
attack, even in the face of higher orders. The TNC con-
siders it desirable that all military forces be organized
uniformly in Trans-Danubia....
"The government must announce to the UN that Hun-
gary has become a neutral country. We demand that the
government guarantee and secure freedom of speech, press,
assembly and religion. If the government fails to fulfill our
demands ... we shall refuse to support it-even condition-
ally. A five-member delegation will immediately discuss
our demands with Premier Nagy."
0908 ". . . This morning Nepszava, central organ of
the Social Democratic Party, Kis Ujsag, organ of the
Smallholders' Party, and Szabad Szo, the National Peasant
Party paper, made their first appearance. Aside from
these party papers, other new publications also appeared
... Igazsag, put out by revolutionary youth and the Army;
Csepeli Ujsag, put out by the Csepcl National Committee;
Magyar Fugggetlenseg, published by the Hungarian Na-
tional Revolutionary Committee; Nepakarat, organ of the
renascent Hungarian Free Trade Union Federation; Ma-
gyar I/jusag, issued by the Revolutionary Council of Young
Workers; and Valosag, printed by the Pest County workers."
police. Aside from the Army and the police only members
of the National Guard are authorized to bear weapons."
1015 "The Council of Ministers has relieved Colonel
Andras Marton as commanding officer of the Zrinyi Miklos
Military Academy and has appointed him commander of
the outer defense of Budapest. Major General Bela Szekely
has been named the new commander of the Zrinyi Miklos
Military Academy."
1100 "Director of the Budapest Power Plant Jozsef
Szabo declared that if the present coal consumption level
remains the same, we have enough coal reserves for two
weeks."
Review of a Kis Ujsag article on the need for a
purge of the Smallholders' Party:
"In the vanguard of the Smallholders' Party there are
people .. , who have no business in our ranks. . . We
demand the immediate removal of those pseudo-Small-
holders' Party members whose political tricks have hindered
the realization of our . .. objectives. We cannot accept
the fact that the most faithful satellites . and well-
placed bootlickers of the Rakosi dictatorship now sud-
denly realize that they were once members of the Small-
holders' Party. No, gentlemen . we have had enough
of this. Those who trampled on the nation when it was
suffering and humiliated, those who delivered ideological
lectures ... when our people groaned and suffered . . . in
prison cells and concentration camps, and who accepted
every commission from their bloodthirsty masters in order
to fatten themselves ... such people must get out."
0908 Review of two articles in Igazsag. In one of them
a journalist describes meeting Mikoyan and Suslov, who
were negotiating with Janos Kadar on the withdrawal
of Soviet troops: "People who were present believe that
the Soviet government's declaration expressing regret that
the events in Hungary led to bloodshed is the result of
Mikoyan's report on the Hungarian situation.
"In the other article, Colonel Pal Maleter, Commander
of the Kilian Barracks, is interviewed. Maleter says: `We
know Zoltan Tildy and Imre Nagy, we know their way of
thinking ... and we know that they fought tooth and nail
for our people, that they represent our people.... Just as
we have confidence in the government, the government has
confidence in us. Therefore, we are not surrendering our
arms, but together with the Army units ... will help safe-
guard public order in Budapest.' "
0945 Announcement by the Command of the Forces of
Public Order that a Revolutionary Committee has been
formed by factory guards, the Army, and the police "with
a view to coordinating the activity of the forces of public
order to safeguard the achievements of our victorious na-
tional revolution."
"The Committee will function until a new government,
created by general and secret elections, takes office. Repre-
sentatives of armed units not belonging to the Army or
police decided yesterday to form a new National Guard
which enjoys equal status with the regular Army and
Nine demands of
ulation" as published
Independence]:
the "Hungarian agrarian pop-
in Paraszt Fuggetlenseg [Peasant
"1. Complete rejection . . . of Stalinist peasant policy.
A decree must be issued ordering the dissolution of weak
[agricultural] collectives and collectives established by
means of violence. Peasants must be granted the right
to leave collectives. . . . The land, property and animals
which they brought to the collectives must be returned
to them and they must be given State support. The present
system of State assistance to collectives must be discon-
tinued. State support must be administered by a collective
center ... elected by collective members.
"2. An agricultural delegation composed of peasant
representatives, members of new parties, agricultural ex-
perts and journalists must be sent to study the system of
large-scale farming in Western Europe-Denmark, Hol-
land, England, the northern countries [Scandinavia]-and
the United States, and their experiences must be used to
ben
fit H
e
ungarian agriculture.
"3. The present setup of the machine
[MTS] must be discontinued....
"4. Far-reaching financial assistance
to independent peasants.
must be granted
"5. We approve the discontinuation of the compulsory
delivery system . . . but this is only a first step. The ex-
tremely high peasant taxes must be reduced immediately
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
and the present system of taxation must be revised. .. .
"6. The old system of selling and purchasing land must
be restored.
"7. State farms whose output and profits are inadequate
must be liquidated.
"8. The Ministry of Ingathering [produce collection]
must be abolished, the Ministries of Agriculture and State
farms merged, and the bureaucratic apparatus reduced.
"9. Peasant Revolutionary Committees must be estab-
lished in all villages. Members of the Committees should be
recruited from the democratic parties and should take
power until elections are held."
at
"We wish to inform our listeners that today .
1900 we will broadcast Mozart's Requiem in honor of All
Souls' Day and in memory of those heroes of the Hun-
garian National Freedom Fight who were killed in action."
Radio [Free] Rajk
0810 "Our [Communist] Party was forced to make the
gravest concessions. It was compelled to consent to the
reorganization of the bourgeois parties. Nevertheless, it
will never give up its aims and its program.... If Moscow
wants to restore the confidence of Hungarian Communists,
it will mete out the most severe punishment to all those
Russian commanders and officers who were guilty of and
ordered the massacre.
"We Hungarian Communists will find out who asked for
the intervention of Russian troops ... and the guilty will
get what they deserve-the gallows... .
"It is our internal affair that Hungarian Communists
maintain leadership in accordance with their strength in
the coalition government and it is the Soviet's internal
affair to deal adequately with criminal Soviet officers, in
the interests of strengthening Hungarian Communists. Both
sides should concern themselves with the internal affairs
of their own nations."
Radio Free Gyor
0740 Report on an October 31 meeting, between
d dele ation of the Trans-Danubian
Pre-
Na-
mier Nagy an a g
tional Council, in the course of which Nagy accepted the
Council's demands and asked for its assistance.
"The Premier asked us to call off the strike. Just before
seeing us, he received a large delegation from the Csepel
Iron Works and was also able to convince them of the need
to call off the strike. He acknowledged the workers' right
to strike as a general principle. He would consider a strike
legitimate if our demands are not met.... He said that it
was Hegedus who had called the Russians to Budapest. He
also said that he had already promised the Dorog miners2
a general wage revision.
he people
"One of our delegates told Nagy that some that of the
have no confidence in him and suggested resign
in favor of Bela Kovacs. Nagy replied that he feels he
possesses the people's confidence; should he be convinced
of the contrary, he would give up his post.... Should he
be unable to assure free elections, he would resign....
"In the course of our talks [we told Nagy that] the
workers. in the Varpalota' industrial area are afraid that
the Soviet Union may effect a military occupation of the
whole of Hungary and thus present the other Great Powers
with a fait accompli. Nagy's reply was that the govern-
ment's recall of its UN representative was, in the language
of diplomacy, the most forceful protest....
2 Dorog, northwest of Budapest, was a strong center of resistance.
3 Varpalota, southwest of Budapest in Fejer County, is largely a
mining community.
Thursday, November
Radio Free Kossuth
1400 ANNOUNCEMENT that Nagy, in addition to his
duties as Premier, will take over the direction of the Minis-
try of Foreign Affairs. "This change was necessary to en-
force the new, independent political policy of the Hun-
garian people's government. The chief task . . . is im-
mediate talks in connection with the Warsaw Pact and the
withdrawal of Soviet troops."
"Workers of the Mint! The real cause of the revolution
is in danger. Arms have been obtained by elements whose
objective is not the sacred cause of the revolution but
looting and robbery. For the sake of defending the peace-
ful population, we ask you to mint the insignia of the ...
National Guard...."
National Peasant Party announcement that it has
1, 1956 Afternoon
changed its name to the Petofi Party to "express its sharp
opposition to the years of tyranny.
"The Petofi Party will accept into its ranks only those
persons who showed a truly Hungarian and humane atti-
tude ... during the years of tyranny. Yesterday, when the
party was reorganized, a group of directors was elected in-
stead of a President.... The newly-elected Secretary-Gen-
eral is Ferene Farkas."
Ministry of Health communique:
"The events of the past week have had their effect on
public health.... Strict compliance with the requirements
of public and individual cleanliness is important.... Due
to the vast accumulation of trash and refuse, the [Buda-
pest sanitation department] is having difficulty carrying
out its tasks. The help of the population is needed... .
Guard against hoarding perishable foods. . . . Milk should
be boiled before consumption. . . . Although there is no
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
epidemic, persons who suspect they are ill should seek
medical attention. . . . Measures by the health authorities
should be carried out more strictly than hitherto."
Appeal by the Hungarian Writers' Union to guard the
"purity of the revolution," and not to "pass judgment in
the streets.... Hand over the guilty unharmed either to the
National Guard or Army patrols. Personal revenge is an
act unworthy of us. The whole world is watching.... Do
not besmirch our revolution."
1600 Announcement by the revived Association of Free-
dom Fighters [anti-Nazi resistance association, banned in
1949]:
"Revolutionary youth, cooperating with the Freedom
Fighters, is ready to defend the achievements of the revo-
lution, with arms if necessary-as was proved by Colonel
Pal Maleter. . . . We call upon the government to take
steps resolutely against those endangering our freedom ...
and to insure that Soviet troops leave the country at once."
1602 Telegram from the Hungarian Legation in London
voicing its unanimous support of the revolution.
1658 "Workers of the planning office of the uranium ore
enterprise want to inform the Hungarian working people
that plans and data on Hungarian uranium production are
in the custody of the enterprise. In view of this, the
workers of the enterprise are in a position to continue pro-
duction."
1713 "Premier Imre Nagy . . . today asked to see Mr.
Andropov, USSR Ambassador -Extraordinary and Pleni-
potentiary. Nagy told him that the Hungarian government
had received authoritative information on the entry of new
Soviet military units into Hungary. He. demanded their
immediate withdrawal. He informed the Soviet Ambas-
sador that the Hungarian government is giving immediate
notice of the termination of the Warsaw Pact and is de-
claring Hungary's neutrality. He added that the Hun-
garian government is appealing to the United Nations and
. the four Great Powers to safeguard the nation's neu-
trality.
"The Soviet Ambassador acknowledged the protest ...
and promised to ask his government for an immediate
reply.
"The Premier informed . all heads of diplomatic
missions accredited in Budapest of the contents of his talk
with the Soviet Ambassador. He also sent a telegram to
the UN Secretary-General ... informing him of the Hun-
garian government's decision and asking that the matter
be placed on the agenda of the next General Assembly
session."
Radio Free Kossuth, in French to Europe
1300 Text of the telegram sent by Nagy to the Presi-
dent of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR:
"The government of the Hungarian People's Republic
wishes to begin immediate negotiations on the withdrawal
of Soviet troops from Hungarian territory. With reference
to the latest declaration of the Soviet government .
[that] it is ready to negotiate with the Hungarian govern-
ment and other member States of the Warsaw Pact on the
withdrawal of Soviet troops from Hungary, the Hungarian
government invites the Soviet government to appoint a
delegation so that talks can begin as soon as possible. It
requests that the Soviet government designate the time
and place...."
* * *
"Cardinal Mindszenty . . . received representatives
of the Hungarian and foreign press, radio and television
in Buda Palace.... He said: `After long imprisonment, I
greet all the sons of the Hungarian nation. I bear no ha-
tred against anyone. . . . The struggle being waged for
[Hungarian] liberty is unparalleled in world history. Our
young men deserve all the glory. They deserve our grati-
tude and ... our prayers....
"The situation in the country is very serious and all
conditions for continuing normal life are absent. A way
towards fruitful development must be found as soon as
possible. I am collecting information and in two days I
shall speak to the nation about ways towards a solution."
* * *
Press reviews :
Report that an article by Anna Kethly in Nepszava
warns against the counterrevolutionary dangers which still
exist and which "threaten the ideological substance and
goals of the revolution. . . . Freed from one prison, let us
not permit the country to become a prison of another
color. Let us watch over the factories, mines and the
land, which must remain in the hands of the people."
"Nepakarat, organ of the National Council of Free
Trade Unions, announces . . . that the Chairman of the
Central Council of Trade Unions has resigned and that
a provisional executive committee composed of revolu-
tionary leaders and former trade union leaders who were
imprisoned or `put on index' has taken over. [The paper
says that] the committee has issued an announcement
stating that . . . the trade unions are independent of the
government and all political parties, . . . and [will not]
surrender their right to strike.... The committee has de-
cided that Hungarian Trade Unions will no longer belong
to the [Communist dominated] World Federation of Trade
Union
"
s.
Magyar Fuggetlenseg,
tionary Committee:
National Revolu-
"Nagy must free himself from the forces of reaction. He
can do so now because the country is still on his side;
it is still possible to repair the mistakes committed by the
government on October 23. We shall not yield and we will
struggle against the restoration of capitalism with the same
force with which we ousted Rakosi and Gero.... Do not
abuse the patience of the rebelling people. . . . Perhaps
we are one minute away from the 12th hour and that
minute may mean life or death."
* * *
Review of the situation in the provinces: reports
that at Debrecen Soviet troop movements were noted
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
Free Europe Press
The remains of a Soviet T-54 heavy tank destroyed in front of the Kilian Barracks. The turret has been completely blown off.
during the night of October 31; they were believed moving
towards Szolnok; that the Szeged strike committee has
called on workers of the town factor- to continue the
strike; that in Baranya County the National Committee of
workers decided to start work in all factories on November
2 in order to help restore order.
Radio Free Gyor
1310 "Pecs miners have decided . . . to disassociate
themselves from the Baranya County Revolutionary Com-
truttee because it is revolutionary only in name and is
doing nothing in fact. The miners are firmly determined
to continue striking. They protest that the post office is
trying to isolate them and is riot answering telephone calls
from the mines."
Radio Free Miskolc
1600 "Dear listeners aniong our Slovak and Czech
friends! It hurts us that you still do not understand us and
do not support us, as do our Polish contradcs. We thank
you for your . . . help and medical supplies. . . . It is re-
grettable, however, that your press speaks about us in
deprecatory terms. . . . We do not want the capitalists
and large landowners to return. We do not want the
former Hungary of the gentry. We want to live a life of
equal rights. We want to be able to dispose freely of our
production and we want free, dernocratic elections. We
support the small peasants, middle peasants and all those
collectives which were set up or will be set up on a freely
voluntary basis. We do not want . . . bourgeois parties,
but Social Democratic parties, parties which will never
again oppose the demands of our people.... We believe
that you also are thinking along these lines and do not
believe the calumnies of the Czechoslovak radio."
Radio [Free] Rajk
1750 " . . . Communist dictators have been] bunting
for us and our station because they do not understand
the degree of the nation's dissatisfaction and despair. . . .
Comrades, if the Communist Party wishes to continue in
the leading and guiding role . . . it must proclaim and
demand immediately and loudly all that the Hungarian
people rightfully demand. It is up to us, the Communist
Party, officially and publicly . . . to ask the Russian and
fraternal . Communist Parties . . . for our immediate
release from the Warsaw Pact and the withdrawal of the
Russian Army from our country....
"Rakosi's salami tactics backfired and brought catas-
trophe because they cut off the people's freedom slice by
slice. . . . The Soviet leaders must see that they cannot
change the beliefs ... of our nation by using bayonets, nor
can Hungarian youth he won over to the lofty tenets of
Marxism-Leninism by attempts to transform them into
Russians, by declaring that Icarning the Russian language
is their main task....
"We demand that Janos Kadar, temporary chief of the
Party, publicly . .. call upon the leadership of the USSR
and the Soviet and fraternal Communist parties and make
them see that the Hungarian Communist Party is fighting
for survival and that it can survive only if it serves the
interests of the Hungarian people."
Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R004000170003-9
 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R004000170003-9
Thursday, November 1, 1956 --Night
Radio Free Kossuth
cc
MRE NAGY at the microphone:
"People of Hungary: The Hungarian national govern-
ment, imbued with profound responsibility towards the
Hungarian people and history, declare . . . the neutrality
of the Hungarian People's Republic.... The revolutionary
struggle fought by the Hungarian people and its heroes
has at last carried the cause of freedom and independence
to victory. The heroic struggle has made it possible to
implement . . . our fundamental national interest -neu-
trality. We appeal to our neighbors to respect the ir-
revocable decision of our people... . Working millions of
Hungary, protect and strengthen . . . the consolidation of
order in our country free, independent, democratic and
neutral Hungary!"
1930 Declaration of Professor Janosi, world -famous
atomic scientist :
"'T'he Hungarian uranium mine is in Hungarian hands.
Soviet engineers and their families have left the mine
and now revolutionary soldiers ... are guarding the Kova-
goszollos mine.... The Soviet authorities zealously guarded
everything connected with uranium.... Hungarian experts
were left in the dark. For instance. 1, as Vice-Chairman of
the Atomic Energy Committee, was not informed about
the existence of uranium. I found out only through the
papers....
"1 do not know what contracts we have with the Soviet
Union. However, no great harm can have been done since
uranium mining is only at the initial stage.... The rumor
that sixteen tons were sent. out of the country seems to be
true, but this means sixteen tons of ore. Very little uranium
can be obtained from this. . . . At present. nobody can say
with certainty how much uranium there is in the country.
... However, it is likely that the deposits are considerable.
In my opinion, the government should form a national
Atomic Energy Commission as soon as possible."
1933 Address by Social Democratic leader Gyula Kcle-
men:
"Hundreds of thousands of organized workers, who suf-
fered the bitterness of oppression, are today rebuilding the
Social Democratic Party. The most cruel kind of capitalism
did not exploit us in the way we were exploited during the
last eight years. . . . We ask every Social Democrat to
support the national corrunittees and to help theta in their
work. We must renew our youth organization and re-
build our organizations in the countrv. Our peasant mem-
bers must concentrate their forces to prevent any attempt
at restoring large landed properties. Finally, we ask those
families of political prisoners who have not yet returned
to send us their names. Let us protect our liberty ... and
build a neutral and free Hungary."
"A national committee has been established for the
spiritual and organizational reorganization of the Hun-
garian Presbyterian Church. The committee first of all
expressed its conviction that . . . the Hungarian Presby-
terian Church recognizes as its leader Bishop Laszlo
Ravasz, who was forced to resign because of political pres-
sure.."
2039 Statement by Fercnc Farkas on behalf of the Petofi
Party:
"So long as the Soviet govermnent has not effected with-
drawal of its troops from the country, the Petofi Party can-
not accept any part in the government.... [Our] fight was
conducted for freedom, independence and democracy. Al-
though the fight for freedom has triumphed, it has not yet
achieved all its objectives. For the sake of attaining these
objectives, the Petofi Party calls for a referendum within
three days on the immediate abrogation of the Warsaw
pact. By this proposal, we wish to lend support to the
decision of the Imre Nagy government....
"A supreme national council, headed by composer
Zoltan Kodaly, should be formed and include representa-
tives of the armed insurgents, the democratic parties and
the Writers' Union. The council should be the supreme
[organ] of governmental power in the revolutionary pe-
riod. . . . Formation of a supreme national council
would mean that the government, one section of which is
responsible for the outbreak of the revolution, would fall
at once."
2100 "Dear listeners, Janos Kadar will now speak to
the Hungarian people:
"Hungarian workers, peasants and intellectuals. . . . In
a glorious uprising our people have shaken off the Rakosi
regime. 'I'hcy have achieved freedom for the people and
independence for the country, without which there can be
no Socialism. We can safely say that . .. those who pre-
pared this uprising were recruited from our ranks. Cotn-
niunist writers, journalists, university students, the youth
of the Petofi Club, thousands and thousands of workers
and peasants and veteran fighters who were imprisoned
on false charges fought in the front lines against Rakosi's
despotism and political hooliganism. We are proud that
you have stood your ground honestly in the armed uprising.
. . . You were permeated by true patriotism and loyalty
to Socialism....
"We have come to a crossroads in our uprising. The
Ilan