HELMS GOING TO IRAN

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-01601R000200060001-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 33
• Document Creation Date: December 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: December 29, 2000
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: December 20, 1972
• Content Type: NSPR

Appgfelin't Release 200140Mabii4!;68
EXCLUSIVELY YOURS
He
,f By BETTY BEALE
Star-News Staff Writer
Richard Helms will be the
next ambassador to Iran.
, . The CIA chief and his wife
were as s,ecretive as always
? about their plans at the Cas-
par Weinberger's Sunday par-
ty. But the news has since
leaked out.
At the WeInbergers' Capitol
ll house, Cynthia Helms
would only say that she had
the . announcement about
Dick's new job ready to go out.
to members of the family as
soon as the White House made
it official.
And she added, "I am really
very happy about it. Six and a
half years is long enough in a
very tough job. There is so
much tension and so many
people not liking the facts he
has to produce. He feels that
everyone in the (CIA) should
retire when he is GO ? he put
in that requirement ? and
he'll be GO in March."
When Budget Director
Weinberger, the next secre-
tary of HEW, opened his front'
door, guests looked straight
ing
"President Truman's serious illness
has produced a nagging question
that has had to be answered howev-
er indelicate it may seen i . . ."
ahead through a glass wall to
a Christmas card scene. The
whole garden with swimming
pool, lighted tree and a guest
house beyond were framed in -
that scene. ?
Inside, the house abounded
with seasonal warmth con-
cocted by Jane Weinberger in
many forms, including egg-
nog,- red wine punch, a delec-
table pork pate and fruit cake.
JAMES SCHLESINGER
and his wife were there. When
the head of the Atomic Ener-
gy Commission was asked if
he was succeeding Helms he
had only this comment:
"That's what the papers
say."
Secretary of State and Mrs.
Rogers, Secretary of the
Treasury and Mrs. Shultz,
and Secretary of Interior and
Iran
Mrs. Morton dropped by en
route to the dinner Red and
Mary Kay Blount were giving
at the Chevy Chase Club.
Rogers Morton was telling
about the one-man shell he
has ordered so he can row on
the Wye River by his place in
Maryland. It will have to be a
strong shell to hold the six-
foot-seven man.
Someone asked budget boss
Weinberger if he was going
away for Christmas and he
Said no, he would probably be
at the GPO as usual adding up
figures.
"Every Christmas Eve for
the past several years Presi-
dent Nixon has changed the
defense budget and that
means changing 42 charts,"
remarked the lean, unper-
turbed Cap with a wan smile.
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ViASNINGTON POST
n n 7 2 STATINTL
(The Vevireortid i4
e I e as e 2001/0%/rssU4L': 1A-RDP80-01601R00
One of the 'surest ways to
qualify for a well-paying ci-
vilian job in the federal gov-
ernment is to first finish out
a career as a military officer.
A new report prepared by
the Civil Service CommisSion
indicates that about half the
retired military personnel in
career federal jobs.. are mak-
ing civilian salaries of $13,000
or better in addition- to mili-
tary pensions they are entitled
to draw. It also shows.that 12
pey cent of the retired. mili-
tary in government are white-
collar jobs in Grades 13 or
better. GS 13 starts at $18,737
and tops out at $24,362.
CSC's study, done for the
House Manpower utilization
subcommittee was -released
yesterday, hot- off the Govern-
ment Printing Office's presses.
The statistical breakdown
will be nsed as a basis for
subcommittee ? hearings next
year into allegations that re-
tired ? military personnel. in .
a
government are showing job
favoritism - ? to about-to-retire
Army, Navy and Air Force of-
ficers. ? ?' -
The report covers some 77,-
065 retired military personnel
in government although some
critics, like consumer advos
cate Ralph Nader, ? have esti-
mated thegovernment may
have as many as 200,000 re-
tired military men and wo-
meti now on the civilian pay-
roll. Not included in the CSC
study were the U.S. Postal
Service with more than 600,-
000 workers, special federal
corporations or agencies like
the CIA, FBI and National Se-
curity Agency that have many
top ranks. -
Agencies where the retiree
headcount was taken em-
ployed 480,359 in the District,
Maryland and Virginia (state-
wide totals, not just metro.
area), and reported they had
11,368 ex-officers and enlisted
personnel working for them.
In the Washington metro area
alone the total nuniber of re-'
tirees was 6,417 as of Decem-
ber, 1971, reporting time for.
most agencies.
The congressional document,
says that 94 per cent of the.
retired military employed by:
Army, Navy and Air Force:
quit in the enlisted ranks, and
that 80 per cent of all retirees
?
working for Defense were reg- 'the law was pasSed, many
ulars, as opposed to reservists. Congressmen held active re-
Retired regular officers serve commissions'
working for for the government Other information from the
may draw full civilian sal- report:
aries, plus $2,729.1.6 of their ? That 81 per cent of the t
retired military pensions and military retirees worked for 4,1
one half the remainder. As Defense: and made ,up 5.7 per
an example, an ex-officer cm- cent of Defense's work force,
PloN'ed in government as a :and 1.4 per cent of other agen
$15,000 a year . civilian
get all that money. If his mil-
itary pension. was $8,600 a
year, he could draw the first
$2,729.16, and half of whatever
was left.
cies surveyed.
? Enlisted retirees o ;
number former officers by,'?i3
to 1 in. government jobs:.
* Although 80 per eentSof
the retirees were regulars, :
Retired reservists and en- less than 5 per cent of the t
-isted personnel get a better retired officers working for :
deal, being permitted to keep government were regulars, ; ?
all their military annuity, the rest .having left with re. ;
plus their full, civilian salary, serve status which qualified
under the so-called Dual Com- them for larger civilianenili-
pensation Act. At the time tary benefits.
'14
... sees__ s ?
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? ..
Approved For Release 2001/013104MCDURDP80-01601R0
YIASIIINGION POST. STATINTL
Te Federal Mary
President Could Replace. 1.00,00
By
Mike
Causey
? Although.the Nixon admin-
istration's "sweep" of the bu-
reaucracy is presently limited
to 1,800 key political appoint-
ees and their personal staffs,
the President has the option
of replacing as many as 100,-
000 other federal workers, just
by asking them to leave,.
-.Mr. Nixon's demand for un-
dated resignation letters was
aimed at ther1,200 Schedule C
employees, and 600 NF,A's (for.
Noneareer Executive Assign-
ment) people. All serve at the
pleasure of the President or
agency head.
Most of. the Schedule Q and
NEA people are replaced .by a
new administration, but the
unprecedented request for
mass resignation letters from
a second-term chief executive
came as a shocker.
While there is little ltkeli-
hood he. would do it, Mr.
Nixon also has the power to
fire many thousands more,
serving in what are called
Schedule A positions. e
Schedule A people, about
100,000 of them, are "excepted
from Civil Service rules and
regulations, not of a confiden-
tial or policy determining
character for which it is not
practical to hold any kind of
examination." Most of them.
are attorneys, chaplains in VA
hospitals or overseas teachers
in the Defense Department.
Schedule A also includes such
groups as undercover narcot-
ics agents, and top-level em-
ployees in agencies with their
own personnel systems such
as the Tennessee Valley Au-
thority, CIA, FBI and Atomic
Energy Commission.
Of that group, lawyers
would appear to be the most
vulnerable if the White House
talent search team decides
that a massive overhaul of the
bureaucracy is appropriate.
Exact figures as to the ac-
tual number who could be eas-
ily replaced, without going
through normal civil . eervice
procedures, are impossible to
get. Also, incumbents in
Schedule A would have firmer
tenurerlghts if they had come
from the career federal serv-
ice, or had veterans prefer-
ence retention rights.
Another federal category in
which the President has wide
personnel leeway is the so-
called Schedule B group.
Schedule B people get their
jobs through noncompetitive
exams (as opposed to regular
civil service which has com-
petitive tests). They are often
the "rare bird" jobs, in science
or engineering fields, or top-
secret communications work
with Navy or Air Force. There
are about 1,700 people in
Schedule B.
Top federal brass say there
is no indication that the gov-
ernmental shakeup will affect
any of the Schedule B people.
By the same token they be-
lieve it is very unlikely Mr.
Nixon would ask many of the
Schedule A people to leave,
because they are in nonpoliti-
cal, nonpolicy jobs, or their
own career system. But Mr.
Nixon's "sweep" could go
much deeper, if a really =bi-
?
nous program of reorganialnea:
the government is punned.
-Tolus P.. Griner: Arnerimnk
Federation - Governare
Employees plane a daylor4-:
ceremony honoring its
cently retired prosiden'z C,A
Jan, 2.7. Griner stepped thew!
because of illness, E5M1
weeks after being elected to
sixth two-year term.
Griner has been hosp1talleeei4
in New Orleans for about teet!
weeks, but plans to be leaevai
that clay to dedicate
new building at 1825
chusetts Ave. NW., which
he named after him. ?
Nursing Jots: National Xma:,
stitutes of Iletilth her operiej
jugs for nurses at all ree-'1'.); ?
levels. NIII lava talariee tane,
negotiable, based on alive:9;
tion-experience levels.-
Ms. Eados at 4e6-2104.
Clerk-typists: Social Suter,. ? ?
rity has openinga for clerk-We'',
lies, QS 3, in Silver Spriney,
Call 493-41-11. ?
Walter Reed Army 1.1oepiee'i :
needs a GS 5 or rycheleafee,
cal technician and racial t;
ice counsellor, a GS 9 'inhale :;?
specialist and GS 13
psychologist to work in tho
conol and drug control peca
gram. Call 576-2554.
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STATINTL THE NEW YORK TIMES MAGAZINE
22 _Oct la
Approved For Release 2001/03/04 : IA-orRDP80 -01 601
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WASHINGTON: The Constitution requires that
the President of the United States be at least 35
years old, a resident of the country for 14 years
and a "natural-born citizen." It says nothing about
the state of his coronary arteries, his physical en-
durance and the slow, silent tides that wash his
'mind. A lot of people wish it did.
The recent abortive candidacy of Senator Thomas
Eagleton has again focused attention on the issue
of Presidential physical and mental fitness. This
time. the ? debate has centered on the fitness of a
man nominated and not elected, but it takes no
great historian to remember the crises precipitated
by the illnesses in office of Wilson, Roosevelt and
Eisenhower, and .John Kennedy's constant burden
of pain. Spurred by the tragedy in Dallas, Congress?
in 1966 passed the 25th Amendment, which for the
first time provided a mechanism whereby an in-
capacitated President could be so declared and de-
posed while in office. But this, in a sense, is ex
post. facto legislation.. The important thing, say
some observers, is not to elect men or women who
'will be prone to disability once in office.
One articulate proptment of some kind of screen-
ing before nomination is James Reston of The
Times, who wrote about the problem in his column
last summer. Reston pointed out that physical
and mental checkups are required before ea man
/can be appointed to a high position in the
(/' C.I.A. or Atomic Energy Commission, but that no
' medical examination at all is required of the man
.who has ultimate responsibility for nuclear warfare
?the President. Reston's suggestion was clear-cut:
Men with the power of peace and war should be
checked objectively before they are nominated and
elected?and checked regularly thereafter. Fur-
thermore, such checkups should be done "not by
the officials' own doctors, but by medical boards
representing the national interest."
Even before the Eagieton affair, two Washington
.specialists in health testing, internist William Ayers
and engineer James Alter, had suggested that all
candidates from the Presidential level through Con-
gress and the state legislatures be required to com-
plete a health questionnaire and undergo a battery of
health tests (without psychologic testing). Ayers and
Aller suggested that once such data was collected
it could either be released voluntarily and re-
viewed by Congressional committees, as is now
done with the financial records of some nominees
to high office, or made public as the result of
specific legislation.
' These idein?lkixAmOirt agattglotiV
wro te, "NorIki-Miltv F4pb Mei oft
sional football team could afford to tolerate" the
fir71 Xr..!A rle rrPS
1111
present system in which ab-
solutely no medical data at
all are required of candidates
for high office. The old joke
about the man in the ? Con-
gressional race who had years
ago served some time in a
state mental institution and
got elected on the basis that
he, was the only candidate
who had a piece of paper
proving his sanity rings a bit
hollow when one considers
the risks of instability in of-
fice. Indeed, it is true that
many large corporations give
their executives yearly phys-
ical examinations, and that the
results are sometimes made
available to higher-ups in the
company, helping them to
identify men with heart or
drinking problems and to de-
cide promotions.
Politicians and statesmen,
no less than corporate execu-
tives, are frail vessels like the
rest of us, and the history of
incapacity in office is lugubria
ous reading indeed. Hugh
L'Etang's fascinating book,
"The Pathology of Leader-
ship," is an ?account of the
physical and mental illnesses
of national leaders during the
20th century. It makes a valu-
able grace note to the stan-
dard histories of our time, for
even as the usual texts focus
on the complicated maneu-
vers of great statesmen and
mighty nations, L'Etang re-
minds us that the statesmen
involved were suffering from
cancer, hardening of the
arteries, 'depression and a
host of other debilitating
diseases.
Dr. Howard' Bruenn, a
young Navy physician who
served as consulting, cardi-
ologist to Franklin Roosevelt
between March, 1944, and
?
144c1.69";?t14431;5' d. CrdlogiL
Vf0 .009 A40.0 0'
STATI NTL
arteries, which affected his
heart and led to a stroke. From
Dr. Rruenn's notes and clin-
ical data (including electro-
cardiograms), it is clear that
Roosevelt was a sick man
during his final year. Perhaps
not a dying man, as some
have claimed; perhaps not a
man whose mind was failing,
as many have said; but cer-
tainly a man who better be-
longed on the sandy beaches
of some retirement commu-
nity than as chief of state of
the world's Most powerful na-
tion.
Those who blame whatever
concessions were made. at _
Yalta on Roosevelt's illness
rather than on the Reolpolitill
of the moment must keep in
mind that neither Churchill
nor Stalin -were models of fit-
ness in 1945. Churchill, -who
was 70 and suffering from an
intestinal upset, had for a
year been so fatigued or ar-
teriosclerotic that he had dif-
ficulty concentrating on a sin-
gle subject for any length of
time. Stalin's medical history,
? of course, went with him to
his grave (or to the graves of
the physicians executed after
the "doctors' plot" of 1953),
but even in 1944 intimates
noted that he lacked his usual
.There is little reason
to doubt that Stalin suffered
from suspicion bordering on
paranoia most of his -life. In
statesmen, of course, partic-
ularly those at the head of to-
talitarian states, a little para-
Mia is a protective trait.
While Yalta might have bet-
ter been held at an old men's
home or the Mayo Clinic, is
there any reason to believe
that younger or healthier men
would have made a better
peace? L'Etang writes: 'Ile
final illness, hardening 91 the should ideally be accompanied
continued
LIV 0 /11% U.C.,.1.11!J J.
STATINTL ? 16 JUL .1972
Approved -For Rplease 2001/0.3A94 ? CIA,RDP8
EX-AGENT t
?
(-1,??Ir(qeb.en r tr:], n 01, 1?-1
IW ROBERT C. TOTH
. . Times Vet Writtr ?
. ? .
WASHINGTON -- A little-noticed:
fmovernment suit against an ex-CIA.
an is under way and could have
far.. greater impact on. government
secrecy restrictions than the Penta- ?
gon Papers trial in Los Angeles.
j. -A. U.S.. district court in Alexandria, -
.Va., has enjoined Victor L. Marchet-
ti, 44),, now a writer,. from violating
the pledge of secrecy in his; CIA con-
tract. It granted the government un-
-precedented "prior restraint" via- ci-
vil process on his writings on intel-
ligence ? subjects.
. If the government's view is upheld
.through appeal courts, authorities
will have a. patent new weapon for
curbing security leaks.
The White House has followed the
case closely ? and is considering, in-
serting" the same CIA secrecy provi-
sion into all government employ-
ment contracts if the suit is upheld
, in the courts, ?
This would probably inhibit press
contacts with officials who would
become more vulnerable to govern-
,merit legal action. Much less proof is
needed to show a breach of contract,
in cikril court than the "heavy bur-
den" required of the government. in
criminal eases; like Daniel Ellsberg's,
where. intent to 'harm the national
interest, as well as actual harm to
those interests, must be proved.
" On the other hand, if the courts
uphold all of Marchetti's arguments,.
as presented by the American Civil .
Liberties Union, the Cl A. contract's
secrecy agreement could be declared
unenforceable and much more intel-
ligence information would become
-"public from former CIA employes.
This, aside from making a living,
is 1\darchetti's declared aim. He '
wants to open the agency up to
? greater' congressional and public
scrutiny and to force the reform of
what he calls its "clandestine-orient,
? ed" attitudes and practices.
"This excessive secrecy, the sanc-
tity of the cult of intelligence, is just
- so much crap," Marchetti said in an
interview in his comfortable subur-
ban home. He alleges there is enor-
mous waste and inadequate congrt.,,s-
sional control over the CIA's 8700
Million annual budget and the oper-
ations of its 17,000 emi)loyes.
The CIA. refuses to discuss the
case. .
. ?
? .. . .
Wachetti's experience
dates ? back to. the early -
1950s, when he served in
Europe as an Army intelli-
gence officer, He later was
graduated from Pennsyl-
vania .State "University in
Soviet, studies and was re-
cruited by the CIA out of
the classroom.
Ile signed two secrecy
agreements t h e n. 0 n e
pledged he would not dis-
close the initial interview,
The second was ' signed ?
when he began work and
was a condition for em-
ployment. In it he fore-
swore claim to any Intel-
1 ig,ence informal ion (or
collection, handling and
analysis of it) learned
while in the agency and
pledged 'never!' to reveal
such.-in formation unless /
authorized iii writing by/
the CIA chief.
By all accounts-. March-
etti did well in the agency
and left, under no cloud.
lie first trained for elan-
destine work but turned to
analysis of Soviet military
affairs. lie rose to become
executive assistant to the
depot y director, then
Adm. Rufus Taylor. A
year after -Taylor. retired.
Marchetti resigned h s
$25,000-a-year post.
When he quit. in I 000,. he
signed ? a third secrecy
agreement which in effect
repeated his earlier pledge
not to disclose without ad,.
vanee authorization intel-
ligence information ob-
tained while employed.
Writes Spy Novels
To maintain the same
standard of living for his
wife and three children,
1\-Iarchetti tufted to writ-
ing spy novels and nonfic-
tion on intelligence sub-
jects. Ile 'believed he could
bring a "certain realism"
to these matters that
would increase its market .
value.
' From his recitation of
s about the etti from alleged further
171 1 r I.
n 0 en ra
ii t ii
I-.5,.
,
' ",0 sisc, 3 ?
Ile first wrote a nOvel,
"T e Rope D a ne er
which the agency asked to
read in its initial stages.
'March et t p t?omi sod to
submit it only in finished
form. When the mann-
script \vas compl,,ted. a
CIA man called and asked
to take it to the agency In
? be copied and studied.
Marchetti refused. allow-
ing it, to he read only in his
house. No objections were
made to its content, he
said. lt was published and
enjoyed modest success;
, an option for movie rights
. was purchased.
Then he turned to non-
fiction, writing an article.
for the. Nation in April
("C T h e President's
Loyal Tool"). He also pre-
pared a piece for Esquire
("Twilight of the
Spooks"), and drew up the
outline. for a' nonfiction
hook. e submit! ed the
outline and the Esquire
draft to-six book publish-
ers.; four made offers, one
. of which he accepted. But
one publisher apparently ?
told the CIA, ? /
Marche 1. t. 1 ? had not
cleared any of it. with the
agency. He said he intend-
ed to submit the unpub-
lished nonfiction when it
takes final shape, which
means after his editors
have seen it. He did not.,
? however, submit the Na-
tion article for .clearance
at any time because, he
said, "there wasnothing in
it to damage national se-
curity.
"That's. my judgment."
he acknowledged. "In my
opinion, the CIA, is not
qualified to decide ,what
violates national security."
Some independent body
? like. the. courts should
make such decisions,.. he
said.
Restraining Order
STATI NTL
The" agency ?moved on
, April 18, a month after
getting l he unpublished
material, to enjoin March-
the facts. Marchetti was
Approved For Release 2000M4LsGIA4RE)R80-01617Artm*Opotio-6
Roy ? is
cy over his literary at.
s.
Continued
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NEW YORK, N.Y.
POST
EVENING - 623,245
WEEKEND - 354,797
MAY 27 1572
Buried Treasure
A brisk game of hide arid seek was
in progress during the week as Sen. -
Proxmire (D-Wis.) urged his colleagues
to look somewhat more diligently for
?
military aid buried in the budget?not
' long after some or them insisted on
concealment. The taxpayer is still "it."
Proxmire, who heads a Senate Ap-
propriations subcommittee on foreign
.operations, estimated that some $6 bil-
lion in various forms of military and
"security" aid is among the assets
"squirreled away.'?
An illustration of the practice was
.offerecl.by Chairman Fulbright (D-Ark.).;
of the Senate Foreign RelatiOns-Com-
?
mittee when he observed?by way of
suggesting that U. S. etlibassy staffs
abroad ought to be sharply reduced?
that there are 249 "military attaches"
serving with the American mission In
Iran. But his proposal for a 10 per cent '
personnel cutback foundered after pro-
tests that it might decimate the ranks .
of, CIA- operatives at the embassies.
The situation further strengthens ?
the case for Congressional review of
White House agreements with foreign
capitals under which U. S. aid and
manpower are covertly ?furnished, .;.;If ,-
/
the, Senate did ?not, have ',to,..guesS ,?a
facts, it mightcut figures.
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STATNTL _
s 8092 Approved Por Retwignowetki. pRimftp.esimietv
have never done anything to us." I have
listened as political leaders commented
that "this shows you this country is in
trouble," and that "political assassina-
tion is becoming as American as apple
pie," and that our country "is in really
great. danger when those?differing?
voices can't be heard."
This Is an assessment of the situation
which might have been justifiable in the
heat of the moment when a public offi-
cial is killed and there is some evidence
that it might be a plot. It is an assess-
ment which no sound thinking person
should make today, even under stress,
unless he deliberately seeks to infect the
country With an unwarranted sense of
corporate guilt for political purposes.
For the truth of the matter is that the
previous assassinations have all been at
the hands of deranged individuals. As a
society we bear no more guilt for their
acts than for the acts of Richard Speck
or the skyjackers, or any other unstable
individual whose own torment leads him
to acts of desperation.
I, too, believe we should continue to
search. for ways to minimize the oppor-
tunity or incentive to commit such crimes
against our unheralded citizens as well
as our national leaders.
? But we must keep our perspective. We
Must remember .our history; That an
assassination attempt Was made on An-
drew Jackson's life in the first quarter of
the.19th century; that in 1856 a Member
of .Congress beat Senator Charles Sum-
ner senseless on the floor of the Senate
and crippled him for life; that a mad-
man killed President Lincoln in 1860;
that another ? madman assassinated
President Garfield in 1881 and still an-
other- took the life ofPresident McKinley
In 1901. ?
Eleven years later an assassination at-
tempt seriously wounded President Theo-
dore Roosevelt and others of his party
while he'campaigned for the presidency.
In 1935 an assassin took the life of Lou-
isiana Governor Huey I'. Long. In 1954
there was a vicious attack on Members of
the House of Representatives, several of
whom were seriously wounded; and an
attempt, was also 'made to assassinate
President Truman. Only a years sepa-
rated that attack from the killing of
President Kennedy, and no more than 25
years have separated any of the attacks
mentioned.
Further, I do not set this forth as an
? ?exhaustive summary of such crimes or
attempted crimes against political fig-
ures. Hardly a presidential election has
gone by that some private citizen has not
died in a quarrel over polities.
But we do not and must not attribute
these individual acts to a whole Nation.
If anything contributes to the atmos-
phere that causes such acts it is the Poli-
tics of confrontation in times of severe
testing. If there is any lesson here, it is
for the press and politicians to use the
utmost discretion in inflaming passions
for political purposes.
I. S. 1438?PROTECTION OF THE PRI-
VACY AND OTHER RIGHTS OF EX-
ECUTIVE BRANCH EMPLOYEES
Mr. ERVIN. Mr. President, last De-
cember, the Senate by unanimous con
-
aerit gave its approval for the third time
to S. 1438, a bill to protect the constitu-
tional rights of executive branch employ-
ees and prohibit unwarranted govern-
mental invasion of their privacy. '
The bill is now pending before the
House Post Office and Civil Service Com-
mittee. That committee also has on its
agenda H.R. 11150, an amended version
of S. 1438 reported from the Employee
Benefits Subcominittee presided over by
Representative JAMES HANLEY. IR,. 11150
Is sponsored by Representatives HANLEY,
liTtASCO, UDALL, CHARLES H. WILSON,
GALIFIANANIS, MATSUNACA, and Mummy
of New York.
Since it was first introduced in 1966
in response to complaints raised during
the Kennedy and Johnson administra-
tions, the need for this bill has been self ?
evident to everyone but the White House
and some of those who do its political
bidding in the civil service. ?
?
Its bipartisan nature is obvious from
the fact that in three Congresses more
than 50 Senators cosponsored it, and an
overwhelming majority of the Senate ap-
proved it each time.
? The history of the fight for enactment
of this legislation is set out in an illumi-
nating article written by Robert M. Foley
and Harold P. Coxson, Jr., in volume 19
of the American University Law Review.
Although the article discusses the bill as
S. 782 in the 91st Congress, that version
was identical to S. 1438 as passed .by the
Senate.
The authors have reservations about
certain inadequacies of the bill, which
I Confess I share, but these are the re-
sults of compromises thought necessary
to obtain passage. They also believe the
bill does not go far enough in meeting
other serious due process problems often
encountered by individuals in their Fed-
eral employment.. There are, I agree,
major omissions in the statutory guaran-
tees of the constitutional rights of these
citizens and the authors define them
well. As a practical matter, however, one
piece of legislation cannot effect all of
these changes. I believe we must begin
with the passage of S. 1438.
I wish to offer the observation that a
great deal of careful legislative drafting
is reflected in the balance S. 1438
achieves between the first amendment
rights of individuals and the needs of
government as an employer. It is my
sincere hope that the balance so care-
fully developed over a 5-year period will
not be disturbed as the bill makes its way
toward passage.
The authors conclude their analysis
with these observations, 'which I com-
mend to the attention of Members of
Congress interested in protecting the
right of privacy of all Americans:
There is no question of greater impor-
tance to a free society than that of defining
the right of privacy. This right is the most
important pillar of freedom. The framers
of the Constitution, with a keen awareness
of the case with which tyrannous power
Can be used to erode freedom had this right
clearly in mind as they wrote that citizens
Should be "secure in their persons, houses,
papers, and effects, against unreasonable
searches and seizures . . ." _In fact, the
heart of the Dill of Rights is predicated upon
this right. In this light one -must view the
governmental incursions into, ?tills eonsti-
8, 1972
-tut:tonally protected area. To allow en-
croachments upon the right to privacy of
federal employees within the framework. of
. free society may lead to an irrevocable dis-
integration of the right to privacy for all.
The Court has been able to define some
areas where privacy is protected, but this
is not enough. There is no definitive guide-
line for Such an interpretive process. The
time is ripe for Congress to begin a com-
prehensive definition of this right, since
this process obviously cannot be achieved
entirely through the courts. The guideline
must come from Congress, which is the only
government body charged with expressing
the common will of society. S. 782 appears
to be a good stepping stone.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous con-
sent that the article, entitled "A Bill to
Protect the Constitutional Right to Pri-
vacy of Federal Employees," be printed
in the RECORD.
There being no objection, the article
was ordered to be printed in the REcona,
as follows:
[From the American University Law Review]
S. 782?A BILL To ?ThiCiTECT THE CONSTITU-
TIONAL RIGIIT TO PRIVACY OF FEDERAL EM-
PLOYEES . ?
LEGISLATIVE ? IIISTORY
A State which dwarfs its men, in order
that they may be more docile instruments in
Its hands even for beneficial purposes?will
find that with small men no great thing can
really be accomplished. . . .1
? Legislative attention has recently ? been
focused on the unwarranted invasions .of
privacy and restrictions on liberty - perpe-
trated by the Federal. Qovernment against
its nearly three million eivil,ian employees,
S. 782,1 recently proposed in the 91st Con-
gress, addresses the question posed by the
philosopher John Stuart MI11 a little over a
century ago: What are the limits of legiti-
mate interference with Individual liberty? 3
Today, expanding federal activities and. in- ,
creasing reliance on technological innova-
tions have extended the traditional limits to
the point that further interference will ren-
der "individual liberty" a hollow phrase:
Although occasional .encroachments on tra-
ditional areas of liberty and privacy might
be justified by the ? overriding interests of
society,' there is a need to periolically re-
examine the extent to which Stich encroach-
ments will be sanctioned. "There is once
again serious reason to suggest that the law
must expand its protection if man's. tradi-
tional freedoms are to be preserved."
8.. 782 is a legislative atempt to protect
federal employee from specific violations of
their constitutional rights 6 and to provide
a statutory basis for the redress of such vio-
lations.' The major emphasis of the hill is
the protection of federal employees from
unwarranted invasions of privacy by gov-
ernment officials. This article will demon-
strate the need for S. 782, analyze its pro-
visions, and measure Its effectiveness.
For the past five congressional sessions,
violations of federal employee rights have
been the subject of "intensive hearings and.
investigation" by the Subcommittee OIL Coll-
stitational Rights of the. Senate Judiciary
Committee., As a result of numerous com-
plaints from civil servants,9 the Subcommit-
tee initiated legislataive hearings in June,
1905, oil "Psychological Tests and Constitu-
tional Rights.", Following these hearings,
the Chairman of the Subcommittee, Senator
Sam J. -Ervin, Jr. (13.-N.C.), wrote to then
President Lyndon 13. Johnson:
"The invasions of privacy have now reached
such alarming proportions and are assuming
such varied forms that the matter now de-
mands yotir -immediate and personal atten-
tion." '1
Footnotes at end of article.
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t
? LOS ANGELES TIMES
Approved For Release 2001/03/041:760R12480-01601R00
'THE BETTER HALF
laValefewtstfInfret
. - .
? .
BY BOB BARNES
'1.1Stc-inky has told Me 'so .much about you, Miss La-
i.--
-;mOur. ... Your karate_ lessons ... Your experiences
iri the CIA.... Your go-go dancing.': .
? .
STATI NTL
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vl AS111V; TON POST
Approved For Release 20011123W:trlaki5R41.1Te-160
-.The Federal Diary
Su ergr
By
Mike
Causey
,
? Hearings begin today on the
Controversial supergrade
shakeup bill, with administra-
tion officials confident they
can persuade Congress to let
it set up a gradeless corps, of
federal executives who would
work under individual, short-
-term contracts.-
'Called the Federal Execu-
tive? Service, the legislation
eventually would take in all
-7,000 top federal employees in
Grades 16, 17 ? and 18. The so-
called supergrade jobs pay
from $26,678 to $36,000. .
The FES proposal contains a
grandfather clause that would FES members whose options
allow present supergraders to were not picked up by agen-
stay outside the new corps. Of-
ficials have made it plain that
workers who do not go into
the FES can forget about fu-
ture promotions or better
jobs.
e Sh
lieup
munity objects) when it is ex-
plained properly. But report-
ers who specialize in civil
service coverage, and profes-
sional groups says the super-
graders have doubts and mis-
givings about the FES that
they, are afraid to voice pub-
licly.
At- this week's meeting Of
federal personnel directors in
Charlottesville, Va., top Civil
Service Commission brass
were doing heavy lobbying to
convince doubters (who would
themselves become part of the
FES) that it represents a good
deal for capable officials, and
would not become a political
football.
Most employee unions and
professional society's will op-
pose the FES, on grounds that
they don't like the three-year
agreemeri,t plan, or are con-
cerned about who would select
supergraders in the future and
who would determine ,which
contracts are to be renewed.
cies could be bounced back to
Grade 15, or retired if eligible.
After the initial three-year ap-
pointment, agencies could
make future renewals for a
one-year period.
Civil Service Commission
e rings
mix would be 25 per cent po-
litical, 75 per cent career,
which is the current official
rate of exchange. Agencies
would be allowed to set sal-
aries, within guidelines ap-
proved by CSC and could also
alter their mix of career vs.
political executives, according
to mission.
Despite reports that-
Congress will kill the contract
provision, best reading is that
most members still are unde-
cided if, indeed, they even
know what FES is all about.
Some, in fact, relish the idea
of a little competition for top
government jobs and point out
that House members must run
every two years, and senators
every six if they want to stay
in Washington.
? yv-
egi
?
Employee unions will push
for an explanation of the
makeup and operation of ring-.
ifications boards that would
review candidates for super-'
grade jobs. As one union
leader said: "We want to know
what type of people, and.
where they come from, would
be on the boards. If the 'public
members' are like some of the
'public members' of Phase It.
commissions, they can forget
it." ,
Hearing examiners would
not be included in FES for the
present and exemptions would,
also go 'to supergraciers or,
equivalent in the Foreign
Service, Peace Corps, Postal
Field ,Service, U.S. attorney,
Atomic Energy Commission,
Tennessee Valley Authority,
CIA, National Science Founda-
tion, VA's Department of Med-.
icine-Surgery; Federal Deposit
Insurance Corp., Federal Re-
serve or Panama Canal Zone.
company or government.
The sessions before Rep.
David Henderson's (D-N.C.)
subcommittee could take some ?
time. He has invited all mom-
hers of the parent .Post Of- ?
fice-Civil Service Committee
to sit in, and most will.
Interest in the bill is unu-
While some trade-offs will
be made by the Nixon admin-
istration, top officials consider
the contract proposal the key
to a successful FES. As IIamp-
ton sees it, the contract provi-
sion would enable the govern-
ment to get rid of marginal ex-
ecutives whose work or per-,
formance is not bad enough to
warrant dismissal,. but who
should not hold top-level jobs.
CSC's Democratic commis-
Federal officials assigned to
sioner, Ludwig J. Andolsek sually high because the White
Chairman Robert E. Hampton .
sell the FES program say agrees and will work to sell House says this Is the most im-,
1
.there is general support for it will tell the House Manpower the plan to doubting Demo- portant civil service measure.
(although the scientific corn- Subcommittee that the FES crats. , , ? - . ? ? in Congress.,?
........ ? ... ....... _. ._ _. ? . . . ..
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STATINTL
PHILMAPTIrDwpdlor Rip lease 2001/03104: CIA-RDP80-01601R0
INQUIRER
M ? 463,503
,
? 867,810
I APR 1 2 1972
I!
STATI NTL
You pies C n Co e iti Fo
the Col '?ei:'ig
mate
. By VICTOR IHLSON
special to The Inquirer And Newsday
CIENTISTS and technol-
ogy have or soon will
replace most spies, re-
port two West German ex-
.perts on espionage.
.."Agents and informers have
long ceased to be the main
performers on the espionage
'..stage; James Bond died long
before he became a hero on
the screen" say Heinz Hohne
and Herman Zolling in dis-
c- cussing modern intelligence.
Replacing the 007s in the
? cloak-and-dagger business,
according to Hohne and Zoll-
? ing, are television cameras
and intercept apparatus, elec-
.
tronLs, long-distance and
microphotography, satellites
and computers, plus new and
ingenious code-breaking sys-
tems.
"... the traditional spy is
almost without employment,"
the German experts assert.
Giving no source, but with-
out any qualification, they
back up this statement by
presenting what they call a
breakdown on manpower use
by the Central Intelligence
Agency on espionage opera-
tions.
?ABOUT 25 PERCENT of
intelligence data is received
from secret sources (agents
and electronic espionage).
?25 PERCENT from pub-
lished material (radio, press,
television, documents in the
public domain and literature
for various specialists).
?ABOUT 20 PERCENT
from routine reports from.of-
ficial agencies (sttli as for-
eign and defense ministries of
foreign counties).
pproved For Rerease 2001/03/04
?ABOUT 30 PERCENT
from reports of American mil-
itary attaches' stationed in
various nations, and from r'''?
other Americans representing
their country in international
groups such as the North At-
lantic Treaty Organization.
Hohne and Zoning indicate
this data on the CIA ingIcates
that in America'rrii secret
agency, "the place of the
secret agent was taken over L.
by the scientist and the techni-
cian."
* *
OTH Hohne and Zolling
have impressive qualifi-
cations in the old-fash-
ioned spy business.
Last year, Hohne wrote a
definitive work on how Nazi
and Soviet spies (egzept front-
line) more or less, canceled
each other out in World War
IL Now he is writing a biogra-
phy of Adm. Wilhelm Canaris,
for years Adolf Hitler's No. 1
spymaster.
Zolling learned enough'
about the spy trade in the'
second world war to become
espionage-intelligence editor
for Der Spiegel, West Germa-
ny's controversial counterpart
of Time Magazine.
Oddly the writers' predic-
tion of the demise of tradi-
tional spies comes in a cur-
rent book about the generally
accepted "master spy of the
century," Nazi Gen. Reinhard
Genlen.
Gehlen provided extraordi-
nary frontline intelligence
-.against the Soviets in World
War II, efforts which are re-
lated in detail in "The Gen-
Who Needs James Bond?
The martini olive is a bugging device
eral Was- a Spy" (Coward, J
McCann & Geoghegan, $10). v.
He performed as well against
the Russians when he
switched to the CIA at war's
end ? bringing all his records .
with him, the authors say.
Gehlen's remarkable suc-
cess, Hohne and Zolling say,
can probably be linked to the
fact that his agent-apparatus
in the East consisted chiefly
of Russians fed up with the
Communist regime.
Their numbers apparently
were unlimited; more impor-
tantly, their "cover" was
almost perfect since they
were born and bred in the
country they betrayed.
Electronics, micro-photo-
graphic apparatus and satel-
lites, of Qourse, need no na-
tionality "cover."
One wonders, then ? if
Hohne and Zolling are correct '
in saying the traditional spy's
race is about run?what will
spy fiction writers write
leitAt-RDP80-01601sRO00200060001-6
STAT1NTL
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NEW IltDFORD, MASS.
STANDARD-zTIMES
DEC 6 1971
71,238
S ? 62,154
It has been a joyful occasion, the
return to the United States from Com-
munist China prisons of Richard Fec-
teau of Lynn and Mary Ann Harbert
. of California.
1 As thankful as everybody is, how-
ever, let there be no outpouring of gra-
titude toward the People's Republic.
Mr. Fecteau, it should be noted, ser-
ved 19 years of a 20-year term, and
Miss Harbert was imprisoned for
three years on as yet no known charge.
Indee'd, were it not that other Amer-
leans are in the People's Republic's
custody, an inquiry should be insti-
tuted on what happened to Miss Har-
bert's sailing companion. The fact that
; he still was being "questioned" more
than a year after his arrest by the
Chinese, and thereafter allegedly
committed suicide, suggests he was
receiving anything but normal treat-
ment.
, The other regrettable aspect of
these developments is that the United
States apparently is caught in the
unfortunate position of having main-
tained throughout the years of Fec-
teau's imprisonment that he was not
.,engaged in espionage when ap-
prehended, whereas his former wife
now flatly states the Chinese were
"riot lying" when they charged he
Vas.
) Persons who volunteer for Central
Intelligence Agency employment must
agree, it is to be presumed, that if
their cover is exposed they cannot
expect their government to immedi-
ately admit they were spies and beg
for consideration. It might even in-
vite harsher punishment, in fact, to
do so.
But it does seem that in these many
years, the CIA or the State Depart-
ment would have found some method
of getting out from under the apparent
false disavowal on Fecteau. Perhaps
some effort was made. If so, the facts
should be reported?the CIA couldn't
lose any more face than it has over,.
this case.
The Soviet Union initially denied
that the late Rudolph Abel was ill
espionage work. But once he was im-
prisoned here, Moscow made such a.:
mighty effort to obtain his release,
exchanging for him the prisoner of 1
prisoners, U-2 pilot Gary Powers, sym-
bol of years of Soviet frustration, that
it was tantamount to admitting Abel's
spy role. The Soviet escaped a little
more gracefully than President Eisen-
hower, who first lied about Powers'
duties. . .
Espionage is always a heroic occupl-
tion, but as a business between nations
it would be less sordid if some method
could be found to avoid the lie when,
it is uncovered.
VI
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Approved For Release 2001/03/04: CIA1161q41601
.MIAMI,
HERALD- 'DEC 1 3 1914,
U - 380,828
S 479,02
",,,,immourilinuoinhispounommompoprim
. ,s7117911.1r1711117,7,14,1,
Jack 10foed Says
?
s -the Secretive C
orth the Ex e
? The Central Intelligence
Agency has laid off 5,000
opies, and only 134,000 em-
ployes are left on the payroll.
Nobody knows how much the
CIA costs us, because it
doesn't have to account pub-
licly for its spending. The ex- ?
penditures run into billions.
? The spies, who managed to
keep their methods secret for
years, haven't been success-
ful at that recently. It has
been disclosed in Vietnam /
that torture is one' of their
gimmicks for obtaining infor-
:illation from close-mouthed
people. They've ordered mur-
der, as in the case of a dou-,
ble-crossing agent in Viet- ,
!am. The CIA apparently is
answerable to no one, which
makes it the most dangerous
government agency the Unit- .
ed States has ever known.
The intelligence beagles
'haven't been as successful as
they'd have us believe. Pearl
Harbor should have been an- ,
ticipated. Douglas MacAr-
thur scoffed at Chinese inter-
vention in Korea two days
before the Reds moved in.
His G2 should not he saddled
With all the blame, for the
limilaZ1411Haris of the CIA,
LK, ?
were supposed to know.
And, what about the Bay
of Pigs? There was a perfect-
ly fouled up job, based on
completely unreliable intelli.
gence. We don't seem to be
getting adequate information
for the billions' we're spend-
ing.
?
VI
se.
4
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STATINTL TDB YEW YORK TI1Jii:q MAGAKia:
Approved For Release 2001/03)1041-)POIA-gbP80-01601
r
? i r,
.
1_;zi131,
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. .
: dining. table. near he win-
gr6"ORIVIAN MAILER and Rip Torr
, ..t. Sel-AcNeell.,?, ,,,2,..)
.........._..........._......_ . - set lunch: Melon, chicken,
...,o e e", dows, a French maid has now
i \-1 flounder together in the island 2.7S prearranged I reach the Ells- tomatoes, ginger ale. But we
grass, Mailer bleeding fronl /-:::-::,,, bergs' 14th-floor apartment on barely have time to munch
his hammered head, Torn's ear half Sutton Place South at 1:15 P.M., in some chicken before rushin.D,,
. bitten off. They rise and exchange tune for us to dash to the airport and to
.thaledictions: .
. , '. catch the 2 P.M. shuttle to Wishing- e,
- .Moiler: Kiss off! - ft.. . .
ton where Dan is scheduled to re- ,JJ,I- the taxi, Ellsberg betrays .
_Walk on! ? . ceive the "Federal Employe of the 'some disappointment about
Mailer: Hiss off! .. .Year" award that. night from the this evening's event. Leaders
?- Torn: I'll leave the kissing to you! Federal Employes for..Peace., of the Federal -E'mploycs for
...
' The lights come up. The preview But I find him far from ready to Peace report - difficulties in -
audience at the Whitney Museum leave. He has mislaid a spiral note- rounding up fur . audience.
movesedisbelievingly toward the out- book containing his notes for that Most Governinent agencies
er gallery ihere cocktails and cana- evening's speech. For 15 minutes, he have refused to let them post
-pes await them among Edward Hop- ransacks briefcases, bookshelves and notices on their bulletin
boards. "Ws. too bad," he
per's melancholy seascapes. I spot a desk piled high with notes and -says. (Td hoped they could
. , Jose Torres,. Buzz Farber, Miler documents for the book he is doing use my appearance ,to, .do
-himself and then, suddenly, Daniel foieSimon and Schuster. "This is ter- some real recruiting-t-particu-
.Ellsberg and his wife, Patricia. We .rible, I know I had it with me when lady at State, Defense and .
wave and shrug our should?.7s. Only l went to see the lawYer yesterday." the C.I.A. I wanted to see
a few days before, the Ellsbergs had But no luck. We're going to miss our Posteus with ray picture ofl.
agreed to let roe trail them about for plane, so I phone for reservations on them all over the Pentagon:
-a fpw weeks; but I'M not scheduled a 2:30 flight. (Fin reminded of the Co: hear Dan. Ellsberg
?..to start until the following day. - afternoon-I phoned to broach the pro- speak for peace."'
- I?ash Ellsberg what he thought of posal for a magazine piece. Ellsberg ? About half an hour before.
? the film, . Mailer's "Maidstone." He said he had to catch a train and the banquet is due to begin,
:says he was struck most by the two-. .couldn't talk long, but he talked near- (rLeMenillate,ratehae_tebrcitirligral?11eloffoli.-;ar,
page mimeographed prospectus ly 10 minutes. Then . he called an blocks from the WhiteoHouse.
. handed out at the door which said hour later to say, "We miss'ed the Ellsberg learns to his delight
"Maidstone" was created out of lea train. You might as well come over that the evening is a sellout;
.deep and revolutionary conviction" now.")
? . - ? more than a thousand people
that a film must probe "the mystery .
of life, in all of its fathomless coin- We are to be joined on the ?trip fare expe.ct,ed; Now, he's a ht-
view who has been intervie ? wing Dan fo'ciinIrjhriisetluoDteccbaouol'e- haendliPs\trielrl
bv Peter Schrag, of the Saturday Re-
eplexity." Ellsberg says it read like
"all those prospectuses, the Govern- that morning. While Ellsberg hasn't written his speech.
merit prepared for the pacification ues his hunt, Schrag and I admire the"Couldn't I just find a little
program in Vietnam?how they were
going to win the minds and hearts of apartment, actually Patricia's bache- . arolooritiot z.Illieldre vN,IViihcee.1;e? LCoands. eat
lor digs (she is the daughter of Louis .
the Vietnamese people. This time it's Marx, the millionaire. toy "Oh no," says Susan
- .The guys in Vietnam never realized
the minds and hearts of the audience. turer).. The Elisherssi who InTion?lvlurliaNc,e; oSrtgrastirizs'orosil. effAolfl Theeseevepneionig);es
in Cambridge; have kept it as a New. .
. J. AlMIONY 1 ll".AS, staff *
? '------------'?'"------ York pied ez.terre and refuge waAntt 8t,otli,:evabtaellliroyoortit, eisait).;3'.c.ked
et for Patricia in case Dan goes to
-- for The Times ihsazine, is the 'author of ? ' with lawyers from the Justice
jail after his trial next spring
' "Don't Shoot?We Are Your Children!". Department, --desk officer
.......____?.....-....?---_-_?ee, for unlawful possession and
? . - - - - - .. / . - . use of the Pentagon Papers. f rom .State, tax men from Iii-
- badly theyifailed. Do you think. pvieat lle
,h, it's quite a pied i a ternal lleVetIlle and squads of
Mailer realizes how he failed?" __ terre. Three large windows . . fluttery secretaries. When
Abruptly, he's off on a different. present a spectacular view of. Filchers walks onto- the ros-
tack, his blue-gray eyes snapping the East River. The decor is . . trom they give him a standinli
.
, y e
? brown leather couches con- ?
.-oration.
- I find nlyself sitting next to
.photographer he's intrigued .b th
'eleatrically. An enthusiastic amateur expensively Modern. Two deep
-.PAH through .. Richard Strout Of The Chris-
body can do it.., maybe i should way -across the room. On a.,.
July he gat a phone call from
Strout tells rne that back in
00ritinuncl
?.9
BOSTON, MASS.
GI4-
-013E `
riqpprirpgior kelease 2001/03/%4T:A%-ffpP80-016
-
?
- 237,967 - ?
S - 566,377
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-1 ? e , r
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. .
0 ? 0
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(c) r di. f31,217'
-
. .
. . ? .
the increasing
psychological pressures within'
. ? ;---ab-iiii-t acceptance and ? - - - ... ? __ . ._....
. .
e availability of st ch services here each university community and the
. nature of the individual student oh-.
:c ',is. year ago this fall at the annual, nes or mental 4e0.1-til??? , viously Vary from camphs to eampuii;
' ?
orientation session offered by the Even with eight senior psychiat- as well as the 'subjective reactions of
? - Harvard Health Service to freshmen, rists, three training fellows, and a psychiatrists to young people and so-
Dr. Preston K. Munter found himself ..
? . ."?
number, of, partem
tie afhliates, there c.1 change.
is now a two-week wait for a routine '
. -talking to an atiditerium marked by ? DEPRESSION
.appointment at Harvard. . ,
. ' Plenty of empty seats. Three Pairs of This gives a single academic coin-
' bare, unwashed feet protruded from .munity :access to far more highly
? a -balcony in the mOst direct line of?trained specialists than, the state of
. vision to the speakers' platform. Montana which has 14 psychiatrists
: to seizee the entire population.
ty Joan Diet; Globe Staff ,than about incidence of mental all-
I ? ?
This September, the same 'hall
. . ??
From the view of their psychiat-
'? was jammed to capacity by R respon- lists, however, college youth of 1971
At Boston University, Dr. Alan' S.
,Katz reports a 50 percent increase hi'
the number of students seeking help
at. the university's mental- health'
clinic last year, witli- the upward..
trend continuing this fall. He senses
a "massive depression? among stu-:
sive freshman class. On the surface, Is coming closer to whet their mid-, dents. . . ..
- ? . .
.,
'their appearance was considerably dleaged parents regard as "normal." . ? . - . .
Whereas the students with the
.
less scruffy, "much more like the stu
0- . .1t., s healthy for people .f9 worry Usual anxieties over inability to.
-
. ---
dent' we used:to see before all the about money 'unless the situation be- study, how to separate from parents
. .
trouble," according to the universi comes extreme," says Dr. Dana Part17. or love problems used ro average
ty's chief psychiatrist. .. - ' sworth, who retired- as chief of the three, 'or four visits to the BU clinic,.,
.- .. - Harvard Health Service in June. the staff now sees many individuals_
e The same changing mood ,is re-
"You seldom find people becoming ? eight or. nine times before referral
' - ? fleeted on every campus' this. year.
mentally ill over' ordinary realistic elsewhero for long-term treatment. ?.
The end r
of the age of affluence and , . - .. . . ?? - ? :,
the period of revolt is driving stu-. pobl.ems." .
? . .. ? .: _ "We're seeing a big increase in
,
dents back to their books. ? . : - -.Although students are still. con- passive ? dependent . perAonalities?
' ' ? cerned about war, hypocrisy,. civil' among students whose - family 'corn
-,
--' Ironically, they are flocking to the liberties and racial discrimination, lems have undoubtedly. been corn4
psYchiatrists' offices in droves . to . the economic picture has 'made a sig- pounded by drug-taking during their'
share their new concerns in an era Of nificant difference in their attitudes. school years," says the therapist..
'introspection and quiet.
.. . . . . . .
. Dr. Katz suspects that frequent..
' ' - ? ' .' ' ? ': ?:It's very expensive to be n radical
AVAILABILITY - ' ? -. : - e'. activist," a former revolutionary told complaints- about impotence from
' .
Dr Munter this fall 4,-e,hie yeae I young males are often allied with the
. . .
, - "If you went. to see the shrink ? can't afford to be involved." , . effects of drug-taking.
, .about a job problem, they might send - ? f t i ? .
you to the ? dean's office or some- . ? "Social awareness seems to be Tms is the first year we are see,
ecl. down," says Dr d
, big students _who have voluntarily:
.where," explains a student at Massa-. somewhat I.-crate' ? stopped using, all rugs, including
_.? ehusetts Institute of Technology. Vernon Patch clinical director at the_ b,
a.a. .
College Mental Health Center of Box-
narijuna, . 'because they feel
"But engineering jobs are. getting ton which 'provides. psychiatric ser- wrecked,".- says the. DX. psychiatrist.
scarce, and if you. Were considering vices for 1,1 colleges, universities and ? . .
.having, to go into your father's busi- nursing schools. "All the schools re- ? DRUGS USE OFF
t ness? you might convince them that port less interest in volunteer corn-, ,? ? :
the problem of how to get along with mun?ity work. Students who would. The off-campus location 'of the
. your father is a legitimate emotional have-been activists a few' years .ago College Mental Health Center on the
concern." . - are now on, t?heir way to pick up law.
1 43d floor of the Prudential Tower 'of-
degrees and try to work through the. fors anon May ackality hicthloovale
Jthjeasei.2OO1IO3IO4: CIA-RDRNA I 0011600 ,;1176
psychiatric
siontinuod
Approved For Release 2001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-0160
MEMPHIS, TENN.
COMMERCIAL APPEATA
M ? 219,462
S
?
Dear Joyce: A friend ?haS??
expressed an interest in Work-
ing for the CIA. He is bilin
gual, a graduate of electronics
'school, is Well-read and facile
ith many hobbies and inter-
:Sts.. How would he go about
joining the CIA? Are there
similar. group's which might
employ him? To whom would
he apply? J. M., Chicago.
He can write for application
forms to: Office of Personnel,
Central Intelli,gencegency,
1820 'FL Arlina- ?
intelligence,"
ton, Va. 30305. ? ? states ...
However, Andrew Tully, the , Salaries at the professional
Washington columnist says in level typically range from:
his book "CIA " that it is ex-I s 500 to $28,000. Clerical earn-
$
Joyce
Lain
which in
?
part
tremelj rare for unsolicited? -
sPies to be hired. Except for,
'clerical personnel, most CIA
:employes are recruited at col-
eges (usually Ivy league).
where ? CIA headhunters may
have the brightest prospects
under witch for several years
before an approach is made.
Mature persons-- particularly
those with a background in sci-
ence or technology also are
recruited.
Of every 1,000 unrequested
applications, Tully estimates
that about 800 are rejected at
first screening. The remaining
200, are investigated to the last
eyelash, and most of those are
eventually turned clown.
Clerical and junior level
staff are sometimes recruited
from other federal agencies.
One woman told me she
thought she was about to be
.hired as a staff writer, for a
'nonsocrot government agency.
At the final interview, she was
taken to a CIA office and of-
fered an assignment in Ger-
:many, which she accepted and
later described as routine and
?somewhat monotonous.
Education and preparation
for those who wish to enter the
intelligence and data-gathering ?
:field is lob diverse for a Com--
Tiete listing here. Write to the
'CIA for a booklet, "Careersjp.'
Approved For Release 2001
STATI NTL
wn Spies
i?
,
logs are often: between $5,000
.and $8,000. All government
fringe -benefits apply to CIA
personnel; although the CIA-is
not under, United States Civil
Service regulations. -
. Other agencies with oppor:
tunitics. for ? intelligence em:.
ploymentinclude: -National Se-
curity Agency, Ft. George
Meade, Md. 20755; Bureau of
Intelligence and Research,.
U.S. State Department, Wash-
ington, D.C. 20520; and mili-
tary service groups' which hirel
? a few civilians. These are: DeT!
tense Intelligence Agenc
(Army); Office of Special
Investigations (Air Force),
and Office of. Naval Intelli-
gence (Navy).
?
/03/04: CIA-RDP80-0160.1R000200060001-6
STATINTL
Approved For Releasea2041103/04 yR11-11Rj9f80-016
3.8 ocTo
1-Th-A /I)
ti)
' -
ire) .) !?:1ir,o 11
STATINTL
0 ? 0
A 71
11 I. ." rl ti .,..._-/- ? t , 1/
i `."
t:LV -1 C/ (2.1 L' u/ k?'...--' . .. '.
._
, By JAMES rile.CARTNEY
. ? Herald Washin9lm Cluronu
WASHINGTON' ? The
CIA, in supersecrecy,- is run-
ning an airline in Southeast
Asia with as many planes
as Pan American ? and
about as many employes as
the CIA itself -z-: some.
18,000. . ? ? ..
'Although virtually un-
known ? to the U.S. public,
which pays the bills,lt ranks
in numbers of planes among
the half-dozen largest U.S.
air carriers.
The airline is called Air
An-lexica Inc, and it probably
?
is the world's most secretive.
airline. ? . ??
? :
.lis pilots ? . supposedly
"civilians" ? have manned
T28 fighter-bombers on raids
in Laos, according to the
Pentagon papers.
. ?
. . . .
THEY OFTEN fly hazard-
ous missions in Lads,, carry-
ing troops into battle ? and
the wounded out.
They play the role of a
'art-time air force to many
.
yirregular" of guerrilla fight-
ers ?for a secret, CIA-spon-
/
sored guerrilla army in Laos.
Says a former CIA .official?
"Without Air America there
could neer have been a Lao-
tian war."
Air America also carries
? freight, owns and Operates
Asia's largest Aircraft mainte-
nance facility, carries passen-
gers, evacuates refugees,
drops rice to the starving ?
and carefully hides its activi-
ties ?
THE STORYof Air Amori. Victor Marchetti, a..
? - ?"A force of propeller-driv-
ca, in fict, is one of the Most formc special' assistant to. en 128 fighter-bombers,
intrig,uing o th U S in the CIA's chief of plans, who val:'ying from about. 75 to 40
f e :. ,
volvement in Southeast Asia, quit in "disenchantment" and : aircraft, had :been organized
shrouded in Oriental m is riow cooperating with con-: there (in Laos) "The planes . o bore Laotfanys-
.
tery. ?, gression al committees: ? ; ,
"The CIA .created ? Air. Air Force roarings, but only
Its mysteries,
however,. America. We ()Wiled it: It did ? 'some belonc,ed to that air
have now attracted the atten- oor bidding. .: ? foice. The rest were manned
Von' and concern of Cori- y "The toptnEin of. Air Amer- by pilots of Air America (a
gressional inveStigatoi s. iea, the man who built Vseudo-private airline run by
For the first time they !George .1)00.0 'Jr., was a CIA the CIA) and by Thai Pi-
have become fascinated with Tflan.". ? ? ' ;10tS . .
Air America as well as . mARciffun recalls see.
with other CIA-related air- ing an internal CIO memo THE PAPERS also include
lines that long have provided in which the officer in char the text of a cablegram frome:
then Secretary of State Dean.
of Air Americas budget coin- ,
"cover" '
' for clandestine U.S. Rusk to the U.S. Embassy in
I" ? plained that the: airline had
activities.
become "so huge." Vientiane, granting "discre-
Air America. simply is the
"The memo complained tionary authority" to use Mn
largest of a highly complex
structure of secret, and semi-
that Air America had more America pilots in T28 fighter,
secret, CIA-related cor'pora-
employes
and :the CIA lied. 18,000,"/ than the CIA ?-:-
cue flights
bombers for search and res-
tions with interests in airRusk mentioned "128 op-
"Nobody.: Marchetti says. . ?
power. orations" as "vital both for
Marchetti recalls that at
on Capitol Hill
seems to know exactly what
one, time the CIA made a their military and psychologi-
Air America does," says one movie about its activities in /cal effects in Laos" but
.
? Laos hophic, to get public' "?t discus the full scope
'investigator. of Air America's role.
The Pentagon papers make
clear that Air America pilots
were flying heavily armed
combat missions as ,long ago
as 1964.
OFFICIALLY, Air America
activities are suppoSed to be
limited to carrying cargo 'and
Men on government con-
tracts. .
. Senate foreign Relation
:Committee investigators in
'Laos in recent months have
been puzzled by the 'fact that
1'28 fighter, bombers at
major airbases have been un-
marked except for sci'lal
numbers on their tails:
. "But I can guarantee you
that we're trying to find
out."
THE CORPORATION has
every 'outward ? sign of Corri-,..
plete legitimacy ??a Wall'
Street board of directors,
thickly carpeted offices in
Washington, neatly marked
and maintained 'aircraft 'in.
the Far East often doing yeo:,.'
man service for the U.S.?gov-
ermnent. ? . s .
? Many of the services of
? Air America are completely',
'open in Laos, Vietnam, .Thai-
land, Taiwan, '.Ho.ng Kong
and Japan: '
.
'But then there. is fhe.:cd-
.
? 'vert side.' , -
credit for its long-secret
tivities. ..
"The big star of the movie:
was Air America," he says.
: "It 'carried the supplies and
weapons into battle, support-
ed the guerrilla' army of Meo
tribesmen, and evacuated the
wounded." The Movie Was
never shown publicly, _
THE PE7.JTAC4ON :papers
'also furnished a flash of in-
sight into Air America's ac-
tivities: ' In talking about the begin-
ning phases of the escalation
of the ae-rial war in Laos; the
published version of the pa-
pers saysi ,
out inne,a
Approved For Release 2001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-01601R000200060001-6
TEE AUSECfiy TE:q1S f3TATESntill
Approved For Release 200:11001041-901A-RF80.701.601R00
IHIINIL
Ti Q
, ,
?3,01..11(b6:11, LC{ 11.1:
?
De'Cir Joyce: A friend has
4?
expressed an interest in
? worldly). for the CIA. He is
b
bilingual, a graduate ? of
e I cc r 0,11 I Cs school, Is
Nvell-rend and facile with'
many hobbies and interests.
How would he go about
joining the CIA? Are. ',there
Similar groups which 'might
employ him? To whom would
. he apply? --- J. M., Chicago,
?
He can write for application
forms to: .Office of Personnel,
Central Intelligence Agency,.
1120 N. Ft. Myer Dr.,
Arlington, Va. 2005.5 How-
ever . .
ANDREW TULLY, the
syndic a_ t c d Washington
.,columnist says in his book,
"CIA", that it is extremely
rare for unsolicited spies to be
? hired. Except for clerical
?p erS9 nn el, most CIA
employees are recruited at
. colleges (usually Ivy League)
where .CIA headhunters may.
? have the brightest prosPecls
imder watch for several years
before an approach is made.
Mature pers on s --?
? particularly these with a
'background in _science . or
technology --- are also
recruited.
Of every Lon unrequested
Career
Corner
By Joyce Lain
What job
%mild you
like to see
_explored
in this
column?.
applications, 'fully estimates
that about SOO are rejected at
first screening. The remaining
200 are investigated to the last
eyelash, and most of those are
eventually turned down. At
least 6 months can ? pats
before. you get a decision, and
if . you don't make the team,
the CIA won't tell you why.
CLERICAL, AND JUNIOR
level staff are sometimes
recruited from other federal
agencies. One young woman
told me she thought she was
about to be hired as a staff
writer for a nonsecret
government agency. At the
final interview, She was taken
to a CIA office and offered an
iissignment in Germany, security."
which she accepted and later SALARIES at the
(1-16--11
T'
110-Cktit.
described as routine
? somewhat monotonous.
information is not available
about the number of 'CIA
agents who work overseas as
contrasted with those who are
employed in Washington and
other parts of the U.S,
EDUCATION - AND
PREPARATION for those
who wish to enter the
?intelligence and
data-gathering field is too
diverse for a complete listing
here. Write to the CIA for a
bookie t, "Careers in
Intelligence," whi.ch in . part
states ...
"It is largely to the
graduate schools that the.
Agency 'is looking for mature
students equipped for
extensive .training in
intelligence fields ? . . students
Iii economics,. .economie
history, international trade,
political science, international
relations, history, . physics,
chemistry, electronic s,
biology, geology; engineering,
cartography, agriculture,
even forestry. CIA often needs
people whose specialties may
seem. superficially to be
unrelated to the
and
national
Professional level typically
range from: $8,5000 to $28,000.
Clerical earnings are often
between $5,000 and $8,000. All
government fringe benefits
apply to CIA personnel,
although the CIA is not under ?
U. S. Civil Service !STATINTG
regulations. Dismissals are
infrequent inept job .
performance is more likely to,
result , in less sensitive
assignments.
OTHER. AGENCIES with
opportunities for intelligence,
employment include: National
Security Agency, FL George
Meade, Md. 20755; Bureau or
intelligence and Research, U.
S. State ? Depatmen t,
Washington, D. C. 20320; and
military service groups which
hire a ? few civilians. These
are: ? Defense Intelligence
Agency (Army); Office of
Special Investigations (Air
Force), and Office of Naval
Intelligence (Navy).
Intelligence experience in the
military may --or may not 7?
!
he helpful in obtaining civilian
spy his employment. ?
,Send career ' topic
.suggestions' to Joyce - Lain
Kennedy at this newspaper.
Sorry, 110 mail ' answer are
possible.
? (C) 1971, McNaught Syncilcote, Inc
Approved For Release 2001/03/04 : CIA-RDP80-01601R000200060001-6
Tim STATINTI=
Approved For Release 2005.10Z/M11901A?ITEATF'N?116
. Spies:
root
r\UTS1DE London's Marlborough
Street magistrates' court one morn-
ing last week, a throng of newsmen wait-
ed impatiently. The object of their in-
terest, an ostensibly minor Soviet trade
official named Oleg Lyalin, 34, failed
to show up to answer the charges against
him?"driving while unfit through,
drink." He was resting instead in a Com-
fortable country house near London:
where, for the past several .weeks, he
had been giving British intelligence a
complete rundown on local, Soviet es-
pionage operations. His ?revelations
prompted the British government two
weeks ago? to carry out the most 'dras-
tic action ever undertaken in the West
against Soviet. spies: the expulsion of
105 diplomats and other officials?near-
ly 20% of the 550 Russian officials
based in Britain.
The case generated waves from Mos-
cow to Manhattan. As soon as Soviet
Party Leader Leonid Brezhnev returned
to the Soviet capital from his three-
da Y visit to Yugoslavia, he took the ex-
traordinary step of convening an einer-
Tetley meeting of the 15-man Politburo
right on the premiks of Vnukovo Air-
'port. The, high-level conference, :i.vhich
forced a 24-'hour delay of a state din-
ner in honor of India's visiting Premier
Indira Gandhi, might have dealt with
the still-mysterious goings-on in China.
Built might .also have dealt with the dif-
ficult problem of how the Kremlin
should react to the unprecedented Brit-
ish expulsions----a problem that Moscow,
by week's end, had not yet solved.
Pofcrio-Fciced Follows
In Manhattan, British Foreign Sec-
? retary Sir Alec Douglas-Home spent
80 minutes with Soviet Foreign Alin-
Ister Andrei Gromyko. "We have taken
our action," said Sir Alec, "and that's
all there is to it." Nonetheless, he em-
phasized that the British step was
signed to remove an obstacle to good
relations." Harrumphed GromykO:
"That's a fine way to improve rela-
tions." He added that Mo.scow would
be forced to retaliate. But the British ap-
parently knew of some spies among
the remaining 445 Russians in Britain.
"Yes," said a Foreign Office man, "we
have retained second-strikc capability."
The British case dramatized the ex-
panse and expense of espionage activ-
ity round the world. It was also a re-
minder that the old spy business, which
has received little attention in the past
'three or four years, is as intense?and
.dirty----as ever, despite the rise of a
new type of operative. .Since World
War jr, espionage has undergone a meta-
morphosis. For a time, its stars were
r7rciRiVeagi
the famed AlishifiweiliC6--n
agents?the UdIcrierAbers, th To k.on
Lonsdales, the Kim Philbys. Says Brit- manners than
ish Sovietologist Robert- Conquest: few years ago.
o.lcmers in on .EncLe,s Wa
embassy operalions rather as a skilled ar-
mored thrust compares with human-
wave tactics in war." Moreover, the
growing phalanxes of routine operatives
are supported by spy-in-thesky satellites
that can send back photographs show-
ing the precise diameter of a newly
dug missile silo. But even as the mod-
ern army still needs the foot soldier, so
does espionage stitl need the agent on
the ground. .`A photograph may show
you what a new plane looks like," says
a key intelligence expert, "but it won't
tell you what's inside those engines and
how they operate. For that you still
need someone to tell you."
Eric Ambler, author of Spy mysteries,
has little use for the new species of
STATINTL
? BBC HIM SHOWING SOVIET "DIPLOMAT" AT SECRET PICKUP
? There was still a roar in the old lion.
? ?
spy, particularly the representatives of
the Komitet Gosndarstvennoi Bezopast-
nosti (KGB), the Soviet Committee for .
State Security, and the U.S. Central In-
telligence Agency. "KGB men?" he
sneers. "They're the potato-faced fellows
you see on trains in Eastern Europe
wearing suits that aren't quite right and
smelling too much of eau de cologne.
The CIA people all smell like after-
shave. 'lotion. They always looky as it .
they are. on their way to some boring
sales conference for an unexciting procr-
: uct--and in a waY, they are."
In one respect; Ambler is unfair
arrd behind the times. The contemporary
KGB man is generally far more pbl-
rei , dreb
his counterpart of a
But Ambler is right in
POINT
liberately, misleading, planted by de- -
partmcnts of "disinformation."
It is work that -occupies tens of thou-
sands of mathematicians and cryptog- ?
raphers, clerks and military analysts,
often with the most trivial-seeming tasks. ?
Yet it is work that no major nation
feels it can afford to halt. Says a for-
mer British ambassador: "We all spy,
of course, more or less. But the Rus- ?
sians are rather busier at it than most.
They're more basic too: not so subtle
as our chaps. I like to think that we
have a certain finesse in our methods
--Lthat we don't go at the .thing bull-
headed: But maybe our tasks are dif-
ferent from theirs, just because this coun-
6
ir' so wide op1k0C92060 al
ooen.'.'
mains the
question, in Eric Ambler's words: "What
lunffirli nk 10S smiles
.on earth has the KG B got to spy on in
Approvesfr**00'12601/03/04 : CIA-RDP80-01601R00
1vijii
m -.409,414 .
S 545,02
:.,A11cliq:13rAti4
11.[V,M
f
5
\v 1111.
One ::cf.:.:the brighter books of the year?
' for th3 browse and the chuckle--is Thank
?.'57:011 for .the,?Giant Sea Tortoise.--and Other
Thiforesc-en !Results of New York Magazine
f',ompetitions (Viking; 7 7
The:',.Voldme was put
?
together,: apxopriately
enough,: by .s...11,1ary Ann
-,Madden;::s to.a r t young
. contributing editor
New -y..03.0,-;r0gazine and
lady in charge of ?it
zany W y contests ,'.:,????
'that draV,r answers from IL_
across '?:-'thel':?tation, The L:Up.m
first WOI'd:-;; of the title come from an entry
, in a contest asking for not very likely greet-.
. ing ca)11Vssages. Other entries in the
same week included "Thinking of You as
You .rick'et;" "So You've Leon Chosen
Thane of CaWder," "Good Luck to You on
:Your ApiAbintment to the CIrA?'!? and "Sorry
About Last Night."
MAN.Y:.A READER of the book will
want to-devise his own first sentence for a
novel, he;;', thinks he'd never quite get.
through, here are some of the entries in the
, week when that was the challenge:
"Ktatli,'"the Goma(' of the Cliff People,
'
stared -outs into the pale..-.sunliglit and
scratched his pelt."
"It .had been a had year for selling sec-
. ondhanLSOWing-machine parts and no one
knew it,M.Ver than John Fpgle."
-As!Utake .:my pen in hand, dear read-
? er, I am...eve.r mindful of my wife's gentle
insistence that it is niy -obligation as a nov-
elist (dare I call myself that name?)- to
guard ag.c-iinetting his mind wander.?
.? Andy' Tliked being a virgin better,' she
, ? -?
said." ,
1: :Another week, competitors Were aslea
to subii)c.,:4 typic0 letter to the editor of
any department in a \veil known newspaper
or MagaZille," I liked this one designed to
appear in the Queries and Answers column
of the New York Times Book Review:
writes: 'Maurice B.N. Park-
leigh-Dennell concluded his poem "Carrots
at Lake Salami" with the lines" 'Tis full the
heavy riders crunched/Withal. our "guests"
red bounty munch." Who are the "guests"
referred to in these lines, and what are Park-
leigh-Dennell's Middle names?"'
OF COURSE there is a lot of punning.
Competitors, one week, were asked to offer
familiar phrases involving punned versions
of well-known names. A modest sampling of
the. results:
"Jean Crain Corn and I dorr'.t care."
"Here today, Guatemala." "Willa Gather at
the Liver." "Regis Toomey, I can't find my
glasses." "Thou canst lead a horse to Wal-
ter Matthau canst not make him drink."
And "There's a little iphigenia in Aulis."
There had to , be a week in which
Miss Madden called for "fractured defini-
tions." She offered as an example: "MESCA-
LINE: Sloppy Irish girl." Here are a few of
the responses: "BUMPKIN: an unpleasant
Mafia assignmen t." "ACCIDULATE:
Southern U.S. expression repeating accusa-
tion of tardiness." "BUSHWHACK: female
Australian soldier." "ANCILLARY: what to
do when questioned-by Mr. Spivak on Meet
the Press." And "BLEMISH: the official
language of .Felgium."
One 'contest looked to the infancy of fa--
mous persons and asked for their first
words. For Margaret Mitchell there was
"And furthermore . . ." For the late nov-
clist William Faulkne 'Yolmapataw-
? phawawa."
There are proverbs too,including
"Strife is a runcible . spoon." But I've only
scratched the surface. You'll enjoy.
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11
" JUN 1971
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STATI NTL
The IFeclerali Vinry
T\
1\1 ew?..tetzey J37ay
By
Mike
Catx,3ey
A small, but powerful new
lindependent agency to han-
dle all federal employee job
action _cases may be in the
works.. ? ?
Still in the talking stage,
the agency is seen as an exec-
utive-branch version of the
General Accounting Office.
GAO oversees fiscal opera-
tions of other agencies, but
reports only to Congress. The
appeals agency would rule
only on the merits of cases,
and not set job policy.
Top brass in the administra-
tion, and key congressmen
have discussed a new unit to
handle in-house squabbles?.
which can damage careers--
concerning promotions, demo-
tions, firings and forced re-
tirement. Backers want to
'make it completely independ-
ent of the Civil Service Com-
mission, now the ultimate ap-
peal authority.
- About 0,000 formal :"adverse
t
actions" are ,filed each year
by government workers. In
cases that go through agency
channels alone, the govern-
ment is upheld about 85 Per
cent of the time. Of those that
go to CSC?including some
that have also been handled by
agencies first?about 30 per
cent go In favor of the em-
ployee.
The appeals agency concept
is an outgrowth of recent
House hearings on alleged
"Big Brother" tactics in gov-
ernment. Chairman James M.
Hanley's (D-N.Y.) Employee
Rights Subcommittee held
the sessions to get union and
management views on the
need for tightened rules on
political and charitable arm-
twisting.
Ilanley's group may begin
closed sessions next week, to
work up a compromise to the
so-called Federal Employee
Bill of Rights cleared earlier
by the Senate. Author .Sara
J. Ervin jr. (B-NC.) says that
supervisory pressure on civil-
ian and military people in
government has gotten so out
of hand that new administra-
tive controls are needed to
protect the rights of workers.
. Both the Johnson and Nixon
administrations have opposed
the Ervin bill, on grounds that
there are sufficient aclminis-
11. - '
?.? ?
(rt,--qm yr!) 41")]
A kJ b LIAL2.1/tt
it as handling only .;those
cases that have first worked
their way ? through the agencY
or CSC, for a :.final rcvlei.v;-
This could be .handied by
much smaller group.
"We eventually may have to
have something like this,"
) CSC official said, "al,-i
though the idea isn't stni;
ported by staff work." He: ?
said people on Capitol Hill
"aren't too excited by it, but:
they do think ? it should bq
studied." '
trative controls to handle arm-
twisting case s, which they
claim are minimal. ?
Hanley's group is expected
eventually to clear a bill more
palatable to the White House.
It would exempt security
agencies from :rules and ap-
peals boards contained in Er-
vin's plan. In addition to ex-
empting the CIA, FBI and Na-
tional Security Agency, this
would also include intelligence
activities of the .State Depart-
ment and other federal opera-
tions that keep a close tab on
the personal habits of em-
ployees, fearing they might
be subject. to blackmail.
The idea behind the inde-
pendent appeals agency is to
give a better "face validity"
to the system, which many
employees and unions feel is
stacked against them.
Although top CSC. officials
contend that their appeals and
review section operates in-
dependently, they con cede
that a new body outside the
commission would be viewed
as less management-oriented.
On Capitol Hill, backers of
the new agency are talking
about having it handle all em-
ployee grievance cases. This
would 'require a substantial
staff.
Within the administration,
,officials behind the. plan- see
Ashby G. Smith is wm-king:
in a top staff job with the Na'-?
tional Association of :Retired'
Federal Employees, lobbyist:
for more than 10,000 former
government workers. Smith
was long-time president of the
National Alliance of Postal and:
Federal Employees.
Agriculture.: Some of its ent'-
ployees are upset because
their recreation association.
newspaper ran a front page -
commendation of D.C. Police
Chief Jerry Wilson, for his
handling of the Mayday dem-
onstrations. The association's
30-member board approved the
praise, but workers say it
doesni't reflect the attitude of
tile 10,000 Agriculture people-
it represents.
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NEW YORK ii-PfdY MIS
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0 ? _ ? <
p -
? 7 n
, .
''' .'1"?..)" c'''' r'A 10 ty/ t.7--:?
,.72' (.--,...c?'' fi.nf,;j.
I
In 'c'':1 .?il 11 11 iLA
IS. k;'.'j il i' ,. 1.4
Li
1.! (.71 ? T' 0 ,,,, w tA vilY
) t,d do
By FRANK VAN RIPER -..
' Washington, June '15 (NEws
1Bureau)?Branding lie-detectors
a form of "Twentieth Century
----,---:77.? witchcraft ap-
propriate for a
a)olice stat e,"
Sen. Sam J. Er-
v i a (D-N.C.)
said today ?that
he will seek to
prohibit the
federal govern-
ment and psi-
industry from
using the ma-
chines to screen
job applicam-s.
Ervin, chair-
man of the Sen-
ate - Constitutional Rights sub-
committ:-,e and a staunch defend-
er of individual liberties; de-
clared in a speech here that the
lie-detector, or polygraph, is
"one of the most pernisious of all
the pseudo-scientific instruments
of the Twentieth Century sooth:
sayers." . . . ?_., ?,. :
. He ? said that the - machines,'
which measure an individual's in-
voluntary responses to questions,
? "are an unconstitutional means ,
of obtaining - the products of '
men's minds for employment por- '
eses." ?
. He'd Ban It Wholly
- PI intend to introduce a bill to'.
ban the use of the lie-detector
on applicants and employees of .
.the. federal government, and its :
:use- on applicants and employees
of private busineses engaged in :
interstate comerce," ,Ervin told -
a People's Forum on Privacy
Sponsored by the AFL-CIO Mari-
time Trades Department and the.
,Tran ortation .Tn s tau to:
Sam J.
Ervin
STATI NTL
Aides to Ervin's sub-committee-
cited a 1965 House study as per-
Imps 'the only definitive word on
how extensive is the government's
use of polygraphs. That study:
revealed that both the ' Central
Intelligence Agency and the Na-
tional Security Agency use poly-
graphs to screen job applicants.
But the Army was cited then
as the heaviest government use
of lie-detectors, conducting more
than 12,000 of approximately
20,000 tests conducted by federal
departments and agencies in 1963.
Besides screening prospective
employees, the House report not-
ed, 19 federal agencies permitted
the use of polygraph tests for
"security matters," investigation.
of information leaks, and searches i
for criminal misconduct. The '65
report said that the. Federal Bu-
reau of Investigation, for ex-
ample, conducted 2,314 polygraph
tests' in '63.
Despite the government's ap-
parent reliance on polygraph in-
formation ,the. House report con-
cluded, "There is no lie-detector,
either machine or human."
"People have been deceived by
a myth that a metal box in the
hands of an investigator can de-
tect truth or falsehood," the re-
port declared. ,
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osT
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STATINTL
? '113P,o Wr-INTlihi-., ,...M N:difff.ii'117,-00. CT:gad
1 0 7' '
Tir --.-iv, r'
. -.,- I '.1-.? ff 'I r 1".,)
.1.1L-Ci)/:,),6b i-1._ il Ili W Ci..L I
. ti.Y.L., !../1-1../.JA-')
,
Pr",r1)1,17 4
ti
. ._ ?
By Jack Anderson three-year rotating basis,while
they continue to draw their
Nothing ranlas Washing-'Pr pay. The other YBI agents
ton's legislative lords more usually spend one to three
than encroachments upon. months away from ,their regu-
their power. Let the President lat'? duties,
step across the constitutional
'line and usurp seine emigres-
sional prerogative, and there
will be holy- howls on Capitol
Yet the mighty House Ap-
propriations Committee, the
guardian of the federal purse',
tea SitS 01.1
Sleuths are also shanghaied
from other ?federal bureaus,
ranging from the Army Audit
Agency to the National Aero-
nautics and Space Adminis-
tration. An Agriculture hais delegated some of its most
-Be-
precious powers to FRI agents partment . employee, for ex-
Army auditors andotlergoy- ample, investigated the food
fernment gumshoes. There is stamp program .for the corn-
even one CIA agent assignal mittee..
At least six bureaucrats,
(`-' the.,i,hese''Ilci,r1.r`01;'e' " '
dicuc'reAtZ'r;ts including the CIA man, are
are entrusted with investigat- doing menial work for the.
jng their own agencies _ the comnuttee. They answer tele-
phones, cheek the punctuation
same agencies that not only
rly their salaries but will talte in congressional statements
them back after' their hitches and perform other odd jobs.
on the PH. 'For this, they continue to
Explained committee aide draw their rcrailar salaries--
t .,
Frank Sady: "They're familiar LIT,eir
to $23U0 a year----from
with the programs and know
"When
what's going on" in their o.,v1.1 we spot a bright
departments,
young man at a budget hear-
The- committee's curious re- II or elsewhere," 8ch"?\v'
exulting practice not only flies ledge Paul the com-
m
in the face of deades of con-
ittee staff director, "we often
e
gressional bombast about the ha" him conic over and, work
sanctity of the Constitution'si far 115;."
separation-of-powers - dcctrine The pay level of. the drafted
but "depends upon fox'es to, bureaucrats considered.
investigate raids on the 'Result: the committee often
chicken coop. uses home-run hitters as but
J. Edgar Hoover alone has boys.
30 FBI employees working for But no one has been fool-
the Appropriations Commit, hardy enough to turn down a-
tom.Three serve as proles- personnel request from . the.
stcnal staff members and committee that dishes out the,
three as secretaries on a dough.
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STATI NTL
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DES MOINES, IOWA
? !ERMINE
E 113,781
III AY 2 9 197g
0 511S
ilT11 S
LOGAN -- Fourteen Utali
State University students
have been awarded Inter-
national Relations Certificates
after completing a curriculum
designed to prepare them for
advanced study and jobs in
the international field.
The 'certificate is awarded
to students who meet the uni-
versity's requirements for a
bachelors degree and who
: have taken 40 hours of credit
from political science, anthro-
pology, economics, English,
geography, history, langua-
ges, philosophy, religion or
sociology courses. A mini-
mum of a 2.5 grade point av-
erage must also be achieved.
Students earning the certifi-
cate qualify for positions with
the U.S. Foreign Service,
Agency ? of International De7
velopment,- C e n.t r intelli;
gence Agency, U.S. Informa-.
-110-tertcy?and similar po-
sitions, and also for the United
Nations and regional or spe-
eialized international organiza-
tions.
Receiving the. certificates
were: Craig Griffin Anderson,
- David John Anderson, D.
Craig Anderson and Charles.
Wimmer, Logan; Bruce E..
Bailey and Dennis J. Mosses,
- Ogden; Lyle G. Cooper, Wells-
! ville; ? William Ladd
Brigham City; Calvin W.
-Allred, Othello, Wash.; Brian
' Charles Stransky, San Diego,
. Calif.; Sima Simananta and ;
. Charoen Vechasilpa, Tha -
land;. .Bahadurali Ahamed
? Hassam, Uganda; and Behzad
Qhahandch, Iran,
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STATINTL
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WILKES BARRE, PA,.
RECORD
fl ? 248i0
MAY 2 5 M
..Piecent statements that President Nixon has surrounded him-
:1f with the largest White Rouse staff in history are probably
?r;orrect, although the official figures are somewhat misleadina.
?Nixon's fiscal 1972 budget requested 540 permanent personnel
positions in the White IlouSe Office--more than. double the budget
figure of 250 actual staff Position ? in 1970: .
? Administration spokesmen argue that all ?Nixon has done is
to consolidate existing personnel slots under . the White House
payroll, The fiscal 1971 budget announced the step as a "new de-
parture, proposed in the interest of candor and accuracy" to
honestly ? reflect staff costs- which "traditionally have been dis-
persed and obscured."
Every President in Pecent years has been assisted by nuinerous
staffers on leave from other departments or agencies, and paid by
them. The Civil Service Commission estimates this number has
ranged from 200 to 300 each year, and its figures do not. include.
-CIA or NSA personnel. In accordance with his new "truth in-
k'affing" policy, Nixon's budget appropriation request went from
S3.9 million in 1970 to an estimated S8.5 million in 19'71 and
9.1
million for fiscal 1972.
Comparing Nixon's White House Office staff to that of his
predecessors is revealing: President Eisenhower's Staff hit a low.
.point of 246 in 1.954, then climbed steadily to hover between 365
and 395 during his remaining years in office, President Kennedy.
tric.1 to cut back, the large staff he inherited, believing that it,
was too apt to become institutionalized, but met with little succeSs.
. staff. grew to 423 in 1962, largest official size until Nixon took
office. ?
Despite Administration claims that the new staff figures
represent frankness, not expansion, considerable criticism of staff- .s
growth, real or imagined, has surfaced. Sen. Stuart Syrnington--
(D-Mo.) recently said funds routinely appropriated every. year.
for the -White House, Office of Management and Budget, and Na-
tional Security Council proved his argument that "authority was
becoming too concentrated around the Chief Executive and immune.
from congressional review."
Symington singled out the National Security Council, which-
.
. he said had a staff of 110 persons and was requesting funds for-
. fiscal 1972 ?($2.3 million) four times the amount spent: in fiscal;
1968. Since that speech,?figures supplied by the National Security',
Council reveal its total staff is 140, with only 79n the NSC pay
--
troll and the rest paid by other agencies. ? .
:71
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WASHINGTON STAR
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Neat7evoczE 6-'2Detf
By JOSEPH YOUNG
? Star Staff Writer
President Nixon's federal la-
? bor relations council has ruled
? that agencies cannot use the un-
challenged excuse that they are
? involved in internal security
work to avoid dealing with gov-
ernment employe unions.
The council, which operates
the labor-management pro-
gram,reversed the decision of
the assistant secretary of labor
for labor-management relations
who had refused to hear unions'
challenges to such agency con-
tentions.
. The assistant secretary con-
tended that he had no such'au-
thority, but the council over-
ruld him..
It
it held that the assistant secre-
tary. has the authority to review
:an agency's action in which it
? classifies all or some of its units
,as performing as investigative
, or auditing work involved with
'In t e rn a I security matters and
thus not subject to unioniza-
? tion.
?
? Government employe unions
.=
are disturbed over the fact that
,an increasing number of defense
,units as well as non-defense
agencies such as National Aero-
nautics and Space Administra-
tion and others raise the issue of
internal security being jeopor-
dized by unionization of their
employes.
- The federal labor relations
itincil agreed with this concern.
declaring that an agency head
could circumvent the intent of
Nixon's executive order on la-
bor-management relations in
goverment by labeling sege-
? ments of the agency's operations
:is "internal security" opera-
tions, thereby 'depriving em-
13loyes of their rights to collec-
tive bargaining under the order.
"Any such interpretation
would enable an agency head,
arbitrarily or capriciously, to
;defeat the underlying purposes
of the order," the council said.
Other issues such as the scope
of an agency's intelligence, sect!,
;rity and investigative work and
show the executive order shall
.apply to such situations will be
decided by the council. Entire
agencies such as the FBI, Cen-
tral Intelligence Agency and Na-
lional Security Agency already
;are exempted from the execu-
tive order. . r% nrnVad
' The, case that rreettid 16 LIM
oor oync[ -
ecurfirti
council ruling involved employes
in the audit division of NASA's
citing section and the effort of
?the American Federation of
Government Employes to hold
an election among the non-
,
supervisory employes for the
? purposes of representing them
under collective bargauu?ng.
* * * *
DEFERRED ANNUITY ?
Hopes are rapidly fading that
Congress will approve by May 31
the bill to give the 4.5 percent
annuity increase to those who
retire after that date. So if
you're planning to retire and
take advantage of the 4.5 per-
cent increase, do so by May 31.
* * * *
SAME OLD STAND ? Re-
gardless of whether there is a
Democrat or Republican occupy-
ing the White House, one thing
always remains the same. Fed-
eral management wants to re-
tain its prerogatives in govern-
ment personnel matters and
wants as little outside interfer-
ence as possible.
This was emphasized yester-
day in hearings by the House
Civil Service Employe Benefits
subcommittee on the "bill of
rights" for government , em-
ployes.
Speaking for the Nixon admin-
is tr a tio n, Chairman Robert
Hampton of the Civil Service
Commission was just as emphat-
ic in opposing the bill as was
CSC Chairman John Macy in
1963 on behalf of the Johnson
administration.
Hampton said the bill to pro-
tect federal employes against in-,
vasion of privacy bytheir agen-
cies and coercion to contribute
to charity drives and political
campaigns was not needed. He
said employes already are pro-
tected against such threats to
their constitutional rights.
Hampton left little doubt that
Nixon would veto the bill if it
should be approved by Congress
in its present form.
He also strongly objected to
the bill's proposed board on em-
ployes' rights to which employes
could take their complaints on
agencies' snooping into their pri-
vate affairs or forcing them into
making contributions or out-
side-work activities.
Under questioning by sub corn-
mittee chairman Rep. James
Hanle y, and Rep..._
STATINTL
rPzu
1J.
tt ;
rr
Charles Wilson, D-Calif., Hamp-
ton said the administration
would not object to legislation
strengthening federal employes'
rights against coercion to make
charitable or political contribu-
- tions. ?
* * * *
SPA WINNER ? Charles Mul-
laly, Army Department's civil-
ian personnel director, has been
selected by the Society for Per-
sonnel Administration as its 1971
winner of the Warner W. Stock-
berger award for outstanding
contributions to the advance-
ment of public personnel man-
agement.
? Mullaly's selection was a pop-
ular choice. He is one of the
ablest and most progressive per.
directors in government..
, -
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STATINTL MRILER'1:5, TEGON
t11,74.1 1," ill"""Trr.
? .?-? A roved For Release? 20Prift 04a:TVAIRDP80-016
IStit worM
IS
tIABY: cEOIN
:
For the firSti time: in at least
.;.117.Pyatait-i, the: head. of!. the- CIA- has
about-. his. work.
TEk rtwson-,,
explaliferd-,, Was
tb ebuiiter the
liergikent: and::
etiviiyhottif
,c111t1CiairT wfitch
crii-le6tfccri the
.cd' atlif thieP
...-/Irolklet for all
creiii-otratie:
eittrtb hlVe--
tfelitrat t
IlicenteATency."? '
11 Mild'. Say: f was; alnaziad: to:
IktriP tlist such, ctitielsin exists.
Perliaps the has means of ac--
cr?W to: domestic gulific= opinion
Tack gut: in niy cabsrant
ti1Vttti6tiOn- of the- issues raise&
t'lie existence ard activities of
the efA,this One has heVer. apc.
'Tara even Marginally.
thr the cMitiar7,0 tlitS typ-e:. or
.iirectro slitcli Itieharif
helms cres-Crilied in his talk would'
*6 kat& to; criticize, , It. has "no
Slifipeenn of enforcement
Apwerg.T does Is to Collect
lad& al on sithatIons around' tlid
weird that thy affect tii6, nation-
,att tatirfty of the United: States
.ame CIA?
and to project "likely develop-
ments from the facts."
But there it stops, according to
Helms. "We not only have no
stake in policy debates, but we
cannot and must not take sides,"
he- said. "The role of intelligence
Iii golicy formulation is limited
ttc providing facts. . . . Our role
(Wends to the estimate function.
......but not to advocacy."
Apparently Helms has neglec-
ttd to read President Eisen-
hower's memoirs, a grave over-
sight for a collector of facts. In
"Mandate for Change" Eisen-
libtver describes in detail the role
or Allen Dulles, Helms' predeces-
sor as head of the CIA, in the in-
vasion of Guatemala in 1964 and's./
the overthrow of that country's
&institutional government by a
Merc-enary army financed and out-
fitted by the CIA and private
United States interests.
THE INVASION was at the
goint of failure when the invaders
lisst their air force in combat.
Eisenhower in Washington re-
viewed the crisis with Henry Hol-
land of the State Department and
Allen Dulles. Holland, who in
Eisenhower's own words was "the
fear expert in Latin American af-
fairs," warned of the appalling
harm the United States would suf-
kr ii Latin American and world
Opinion if we intervened official-
IY..1aut Dulles fought him and per-
sed Eisenhower to overrule
The planes were replaced
grid the Guatemala government
*AS Overthrown.
' fielms has also disclaimed any
1.--ilflitration of the academic coin-
Gunnar Myrdal, the
/ Swedish political scientist and
- efclittraist, expresses in his latest a
"took ("The Challenge of World. a
Poverty") his grave concern at b
, 'the prostitution of U.S. academic 't
tfew through the financing of re- t
search on Latin American prob-
lems by the CIA and other gov-
ernment agencies. Latin Amer-
lea's intellectuals fully share STATINTL
Myrdal's evaluation. . ,1
Eisenhower's account of his sec-
ond administration ("W aging '
Peace") also places the CIA in a
role far more extensive than the
collection and projection'oft facts.
Be provides data which can be ,
collated with information from
other sources to establish the
leading part played by the CIA in
organizing and' equipping the
force assembled in Central Amer-
ica in 1960 to invade Cuba.
? ?I
A public official engaged in
espionage might possibly defend
the morality of deceiving an en-
emy. I do not see, however, any
possible moral?or even political
?justification for treating the
American public as the enemy to
be deceived. Yet such a practice
seems to have become a recog-
nized and widely accepted part
of our institutions.
The CIA is not an insignificant
detail of government. Its annual
budget, for which the director
does not have to account, is in
excess of $3 billion. The size of
its staff is classified but it report-
edly more than 20,000. Employes
are exempt from civil service pro-
cedures. The agency makes and
enforces its own rules for hiring,
investigation and firing. And, as
transpired in 1969 when ,it re,,-
fused to allow its members to
estify at a court-martial of Green
Berets charged with murder, it is
not even answerable to the na-
tion's judicial system.
National security consider-
tions may justify such exception-
1 procedures. But they must not
e Lexpanded to the point' where
hey, erode the bases of our sys-
4
em of law and justice.
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?WOODBURY, N.J.
TIMES
Fia 5 197
E - 21,314
el a
iiy FRANCIS J. SPHLLMAN
Of the Times Staff .
.if the increasing frequency of deroga-
tory news stories in the press is any
barometer, it now appears that the Red
bounds are in full cry for the hide of
Frn Director J, Edgar Hoover.
? Recent leaks to the press on Capitol
Lill have Indicated that President Nixon
plans to replace Hoover with Jerris
Leonard, presently heading up the civil
rights division of the Justice Depart-
ment. The reports, of course, may be
nothing more than a trial balloon but
they are nonetheless disturbing.
It was almost inevitable . that this
would come about. Only Hoover's sterling
a.eputation, his years of service to the
American people and the high esteem
in which he is held by the public have
, (fore.stalled the attack this long.
For the Reds have had their sights on
'Hoover for a long time. The very fact
.they and their liberal allies now feel
secure enough to openly take him on
? is an ill omen indeed for the American
people. For Hoover and his department
ere among the ,few remaining deterrents
to the total subversion. of every institro
? ttion in American society.
While ? testifying in closed hearings
before a Special Congressional Commit-
' -tee after his defection to America in
1961, former Polish intelligence officer,.
Col. Michael (loleniewski made known
the presence of 19 Americans working
in important capacities for the Soviet
tr-Secrot Police in the CIA, State Depart-
ment and various scientific laboratories,
is,oluteresting to note that Goleniewski
? told the committee that, to the best of
? his knowledge, only the FBI had not
been infiltrated by communist agents. -
The colonel and his wife defected
s.when information he had been supplying
. the United States from behind the Iron
Curtain began coming back to him in
;
his. capacity as a high official in the
communist secret police. He knew it
would not be long before he was arrested
'1, by the Reds.
If Unfortunately, it is one of the enigmas
of our time that despite the abundance
of proof to the contrary, most Americans
-
seem incapableof believing that a native
born American would .ever commit
treason in the service of a foreign
ideology.
? From the early 1930s, when Agnes
Smedley, an American writer, waswork-
,
big Shanghai and Tokyo with the Rich- The Reds and their idlies have ruined
ard Sorge spy ring,; a succession of , more than one good man by these tried
Americans have been ?shown to have and proven tactics. Their campaigns of
betrayed their country -in the service villitication have successfully prevented.
of the USSR. the American people from rallying to
the support of sincere and patriotic lead-
ers who have repealedly attempted to
warn them of the peril which they face.
This, then, is the nature of the campaign
that is and will be waged to discredit
and replace Hoover.
Already they have denounced the ? FBI
for keeping tabs on Daniel Bennett, a
Swarthmore College professor, whose
name appeared in the documents stolen
recently from the Media, Pa, FBI office.
No mention is made of the fact that
since that time, the professor himself
reportedly diSclosed his support of the
Black Panther organization and acknowl-
edged that a leaflet calling for the sup-
port of, the Philadelphia branch of that
.revolutionary organization was printed
on equipment housed in his garage.
Similarly, the attack on Hoover by
Rep. hale Boggs (D. La.) has so far
produced no supportive evidence for
Boggs' charges that the FBI was tapping
the telephones of congressmen and
senators. ?
One supposes that it .is too much to
expect that the American people would
for once rally to the support of one of
their most distinguished public servants.
A protest such as was made in the case
of Lt. Calley would, if made, squelch the
move on Hoover once and for all.
If they are ever to stem the tide of
Red subversion the American 'people will
sooner or later have to make a stand.
Hopefully they will do so before it is too
late. They would do well to _begin by
rallying to the support of one of their
stalwarts, J. Edgard hoover. We need
Lhim for as long as his health mid age
paign of abuse ..and villification by the will will permit him to Serve. ,
press, the liberals and even by
government officials. The pattern is-It
always the same. No matter the stature
of the individual who singles these
traitors out, and regardless of the esteem
in which he may have been held until. ?
that time, he is from that moment on ;
portrayed as a Fascist, a nut or .an
extremist.
Meanwhile, the traitors in question are
depicted as harassed and besmeared in-
nocents who are nothing more than
humanitarians attempting to remedy the
-
.horrible inequities of the American im-
perialist society.
Smedley was never a card-carrying
communist, nor did she ever associate
with the local communist parties in the
countries in which she worked. Yet she
served her Red masters well for over
20 years. ?
'Sorge, while posing as a loyal Nazi,
and while a press attache at the German.
Embassy in -Tokyo, was able to avert a
Japanese attack on the USSR,- and two.
months prior to the Dee. 7, 1941 attack
on Pearl Harbor, informed Soviet intel-
ligence that the Japanese Were getting
ready for an attack in the Pacific but
would not attack the Soviet Far East as
the Russians feared.
Despite the. evidence' disclosed over
the years, however, both about this case
-and others such as those of Alger Hiss,
the Rosenbergs and David Greenglass,
the American people seemingly refuse
to become aroused by the threat facing
them lest they be labeled extremists or
witchhunters by the communists and
their sympathizers.
In the years since they spirited away
our atomic secrets the communists have
grown bolder with each passing day. It
is now an everyday happening to see the
Red clenched-fist salute, Reds defiantly
teach and speak in our colleges and
infiltrate our youth, labor.. and Other
social movements and institutions. And
although we see 'the results of such ac-
tivities all around us we seem too -para-
lyzed to defend ourselves. . ?
Compounding the enigma is the fact
:that anyone who attempts to point out
-this treason, halt their activities or bring
them to justice is subjected to a cam-
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LI ki ? A , tt? e
It will apparently be some
tithe before a dignified AnierE
can senior diplomat Nvil I have
to break off SALT talks or
?fishing rights negotiations to
consult .with a , Union shop
steward over personneEprob-
' loins. or complaints of inade-
quate 'kw:sin:own facilities.
That is because. President
Nixon has approved a contra-
vcr'sial State Department pro-
For years the State Depart-
ment was a hot bed of apathy
where union activities were
concerned. But in recent years
more and more FS people,
mostly younger workers, have
joined organizations . and
pushed for a more militant
stance against management.,
The American Foreign Seri,-
ice -Association now has about
6,000 members; the junior
Foreign Service Officers Club
about 2,700 and the Amerlesa ,
Federation of Government
Employees about 1,800 at
State-AID-USIA.. Most of the
AEGE people are civil service,
rather than foreign service.
The AFSA has been rocked
by internal battles recently.be-
tween younger members who
want it to act more like
posal to exempt all 14,000 ea- union and other factions ',-ho
/Ter Foreign Service workers see the need for it to remain a
prolessionally-orionted . group
that has management's ear.
The AFGE has petitioned for
an election that, if won, would
give it exclusive bargaining
rights for several units that in-
clucte foreign service officers.
is .considered more blessed to But the President's decision
collect data and investigate to back the State plan?pend-
ing approval of an acceptable.
bargaining program?is a set-.
back to all three groups. At
least one of them might take.
legal action against State.
- Meantime, other special in-
terest employe.es--investiga-
tors and the be won;
dering if their agenda's won't
also make a bid to carve them
out of the labor-management'
program. . .
Federal Viewpoint: All ifix
DX.- delegate candidates are
scheduled to be at a noon to 2
p.m. meeting today at the
Labor Department auditorium.
They will be grilled on local
questions as they affect the
federal workforce. AFGE's Na-
tional Capital Area .Depart-
.? froth the government's own la-
-bor-ma nagern en t code.
Now State, AID and USIA
.people in the Foreign Service
/ category will join their. col-
leagues at Central Intelligence
Agency and the FBI, where it
than to enter into nitty-gritty
problems with management. ?
The exemption will apply, ii
State-AID-USIA can convince
the Federal Labor Relations
Council that they have come
up with an alternative labor-
relations progeam. It's a good
bet the Council will he so con-
vinced:
State made the recommen-
dation for a separate. labor-
management system for. For-
eign Service people- last year.
At the time, -most employee
groups at the foreign affairs
agencies ? opposed the .plan--
mainly because they -think it
gives the personnel office ail
the high cards,
But State argued,. Success-
fully, that the unique nature merit is sponsoring the meet.
of the Foreign Service did not nag, but it is open to all. -
lend itself to the normal give
and take of. unionization.. The
National .Security..' Agency,
CIA and FBI, have advanced agency guidelines tot...dealing.
similar argunients that spies, with groups representing su-
sleuths and political experts pervisory or management.
don't have the sort of work, or ployees:
problems, that lend them- ?
selves to union activity.
Supervisory Groups: Civil
Service Commission has rec-
ommended ? the following
0 That the -orga:nizations
consist only or .management
typos, and exclude rank-and-
file workers who are eligible.,
for coverage ,by unions with
exclusive bargaining rights.
0 That the supervisory
group not be affiliated with a
labor -orga,nization or federa-
tion of labor organizations. .
0 That individual agency
heads determine which levels
of "consultative relationships".
It will pormit the supervisor
groups, and that the agency
set criteria for - granting the
requests.
The CSC guides are part of
the Nixon Administration la-
bor-management progr C rn.
One of Its goals is to make it
clear that supervisory people
are part of the management,
team, and to disassociate them
from rank?and-file unions. ?
?
. -
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CHABLE'S M. BAILEY JAMES B. CARDWELL ALAN M. LOVELACE DAVID 1), NEWSOM JOHN : E: REINILUIDT
:WILFRED 11. ROMMEL
?
?
Ten federal officials have been
Selected for the annual Career
Service Awards of the National
Civil service League.
?
?
'17.?":1
?;:".1 17,?77'
WILLIS II. SHAPLEY R. J. SMITH
-
? They will be awarded $1,000,
watches and citations at a ban-
' -quet April 23 at the Washington-
. Hilton Hotel, the league an-
nounced. ?
; The awards are made to
-"draw attention to the valuable
contribuitons of government ern-
' ployes to our national well-
-being," .said league president
Mortimer M. Caplin, attorney
and former commissioner of the
Internal Revenue Service.
The honorees are:
o Charles M. Bailey, director,
Defense Division, General Ac-
counting Office, for his leader-
ship ? in improving government
'financial practices, particularly
with, regard to military financial
administration.' '
. o James Bruce Cardwell; as-
sistant secretary and comptrol-
ler, Department of Health, Edu-
cation and Welfare; ? for his out-
standing administration of tire
second highest departmental
budget in gooment.
raved FOr-
,
?
?
if4 .
I 11
1?1 ft 11
o' Alan-M. Lovelace, director,'
Air Force Materials Labora-
tory, Air Force Systems Com-
mand, Department of the Air
Force; for his creative compe-
tence in specialized _che mical re-.
search, matched only by "his.
managerial capability." ?
o David Dunlop Newsom, as-
sistant secretary of state for.Af-
rican ',affairs, Department of
State; "for ? his decades of tal-
ented interpretation of Ameri-
can policies of the international
scene. ? STAT I NTL
E 5,12 STAT I NTL CONGRESSIONAL RECORD Extension? of leinarks
February 8, 1971
D.1,,Appri9m90,Eig,j391fibased2OG1103/04o:k.ICIA-REMPERNO 1 604
PP
r
ae up
CRITICISM OF MINORITY HIRING or---
white and non-white employment are de- and even ,gesm, lrofes,Acmal
-
. signed. to_conceal more than, they reveal. By knowledge In qualifying a ranking U.S. diplo--
PRACTICES
11.11111)111,, toeether job eateaories !Torn floor mat. There are countless examples of in..
EON. 'LEE H. HALTILION
OV INDIANA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
' Monday , February 8,197.1
Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, .trader
the leave to extend my remarks in the
RECOED, I include an exchange of letters
. between the State Department and my-
self on the topic of minority recruit-
ment and hiring, uithin that Dcpar (meat:
JANUARY 13, 1571. -
Hon. WILLIAM P. BOGIMS,
? ? The Secretary of State,
Department of Stole,
Washington; D.C. - ?
' MY Dzsar) MR. SECRETARY : yceently 'read,
and use disturbed by, an article In the Seta
urday Review, a copy of which is enclosed.
If the situation is as described by this ar-
ticle, what steps are being taken to .correct ?
, It?
I look forward to hearing from you.
?Sineerely,
Lene H. Hataisnroar,
Member of Congress.
? IS TIII1 STATS DEPARTMENT COLOR-BLIND?
(By R. Peter Straus)
sweeper to ambas,sador and ethnic categoriee Olvidueas whoee glean ica-ons rem?
from Indian to Spanish-American, thet'sta- business experience or a university career
tistics Can be madc to look more respecUble. or, not infrcqunntly, a significant party eon-.
Tile arguments "crafted over the yearzepro- tribution.
vide a rationale to suit every level of betel- ' Outright, outspoken bigotry is rare these
lectual discrimination. If one were to' rank days. Rather, one has to deal with short- ,
them in ascending order of sophistication, sightedness, snobbism, narrow vision, telecast
-
the list might be: ness, and?above all?lack of time. Adminis-
(1) Qualified blacks are not available. trators?and Cabinet secretaries, personnel
They just don't?exiStabeyond those very few directors, and Presidents--all have too little
already employed in foreign service, time to think through the ramifications of
(2) Government cannot cempete with prl- policies thattacould` be discriminatory. To
vete industry and the attractive salaries and these who have thought much about ques-
rapid progress that the private sector now tions -of discrimination, the most dismaying
()fleas 'competent blacks. discovery is to learn that hackneyed- clich?
.'i;fiat.Fiacks aren't really interested In or and even fabricetons are accepted as truth.
?tli:awnaeley the challenge Of foreign affairs For example, ?inner the underlying "dcm-
werle': In this era of urban turmoil- and onstrations" that blacks are not welcome as ?
camPis unrest their attention is riveted on U.S. representves - ?bread is -the oft-re-
domestic problems. peated canard Wit even Black African come-
(4) Afro-Americans ip college, observing tries would preer white U.S. diplomats. In
the absence of blacks in foreign affairs' pests, its most pious eki'sression this view is bolster-
believe there's little chance of, advancement ed with a quotation that, depending on the .
and choose other careers. teller, is variously attributed to the Chief
(5) It will take time. Senior foreign service of State of Malawi, or Guinea, or Zambia, or
officials have had long years of training and Ghana, or Liberia. And it is reported to have
experience. So we must wait until the black emanated from: a highly private discussion'
students now in universities move along between that Chief of State and President
through exams and onto the bottom of the Kennedy cr President Eisenhower (or, very
j--)1) ladder up which they may progress over occasionally, President Truman). The exact
? "Thexe are lots of farmers in the world
who can't read. But I've never met one who
couldn't count.". That was Orville Freeman's
response to the sophisticate who doubted
that a simple agricultural worker could
under'stand the Intricate web of motivation
for increasing food production. A black
American may not feel close to U.S. foreign
policy. But lee can count. He canTheake 'some
judgments?by-the .numbers. And if he?in-
deed if anyone?counts the number of black
Americans who hold important foreign pol-
icy .posts in our govenment, the conclusion
,is as -obvious as it is brutal. There might
as well be a sign outaine the State Depart-
ment reading NO BLACKS NFED APPLY.
Ambassadors form the summit of the ice-
berg that is the foreign service. They repre-
sent the Piresident (and the people) of tho
'United' States in more than 100 capitals
around the globe. But if you are black you
don't get to represent the President and .the
people of the United States very often. In
fact, the odds are better than 100 to 1 against
you. Since eve normally change ambassadors
about Oery four years, there have been a
couple of thousand such chiefs of mission
sent abroad to represent us over the last
100 years. Yet in that "time ?(other than for
Haiti and the African countries that, have
been token exceptions) only five of our am-
bassadors have been black. Five in the past
. century. At the moment there is one?Jer-
ome Holland in Sweden. It is hardly the kind
of arithmetic to substantiate public declare;
tions about progress toward equal opportu-
nity. Nor is the progress all that much more
evident among foreign service officers in the
Department of State, the next most pres-
tiaious anel sOnificant job category in U.S.
the years towaad mere senior jobs.
(6) The United States cannot leave un-
seasoned types representing it abroad. It's all
right for IBM or General Motors to take on
some 'blacks from "outside," But foreign
affairs responsibilities are toe grave to .take
such a risk.
(7) No U.S. administration can chance an
affront to countries, such as our white Euro-
Pean NATO allies, that might resist a black
U.S. ambassador.
(8) Even countries In Black Africa could
resent black U.S. ambassadors as being a
kind of second-class representation.
(0) We shouldn't have too many Afro-
American senior officials representing us in
Africa alone because then the continent
would appear to be a professional ghetto.
'(10) We certainly ca a't have senior Afro--.-
American oalcials in the Middle East or Asia
mrteen we don't have tleem in Europe or Africa.
words of this apocryphal exchange, ma cis n
unaccompanied .0bortners.ation, are always
quoted in virtually identical text: "Don't
send me a son of your slaves as ambassador td
my country." ?
If they are tante useful, all lies must have
a kernel of treath. And so does this- one.
When, in 1557, Ghana became the first Of
the new independent Black African coun- ?
tries, former President Kwame Mame:late al-
legedly "let it be known" in Was.hington that
he preferred not to leave a black as the first ?
ambassador from the United States. Whether
he did not at that time him-self suf-
fielently'explicit or whether his thought was
distorted by numexcaas retransmissions, it LS
crystal clear today (though still a delicate
matter) that he was pleading wills us to
treat Cleans differently?not as, lee *felt, we
had traditionally treated Liberia. .Gles..na
was exuberant and newly Independent.
(11) Foreign leaders want, above all, to .wanted froth and different rethionship
know that the U.S. ambassador accredited with the United States. Nkrumah was not the
to their country is close to the President of only African who considered our attitnde
the U.S. and ."wired-in" to the Washington toward Liberia to be 61-sat of a "neo-colonial-
ripener structure. Obviously, black runbassa- 1st" toward a "secowlAtess" state. And the
dors will not be that well connected until epitome of this beliefawidely held in Afrida,
there tea black in the White House. ? was the unique arrangement by which the
At some point, regrettably, one must con- senior U.S. representative to Liberia was in- '
elude that the absence cf top-level blacks in ' variably black (some twenty times over since
our foreign affairs hierarchy is no accident, J. .Millor 'Penner went as minister-resident
It is the result of a purposeful discrimina,- in 1071)?while all other U.S. ambassadors -
ton?which is no more forgiveable because were invariably white.
It is subtle and even sometimes unconscious. The se4nel of this absurd yet persistent
. The ease might be hard to prove in court, tale about African leaders who would das-
One. could not point to e. single scapegoat. Ncr criminate. against Afro-Americans is that
could one adduce the underlying malaise Nkrumah accepted?indeed, warmly wel-
that permeates any bureaucracy .13 it fights corned?Franklin Williams as ambaesador to
to prevent change. Ghana after other black Americans had
Outside the "club," there . is a similar first been sent as arnbassadors to non-Afri-
e.
malaise?often differently expressed. Many can posts.
responsible? Americans worry that changing , It is hardly unreasonable to assume that
? 1 and
foreign affairs. Of the more then-3,300 ?fa- ? the rules and introducing a significant 1111111- a Wee ? m .r c. . g .
clads over nee past year in that service just her. of blacke high up In our foreign sem-vice quicker acceptance in a non-whita capital
thirty-seven were black ,(1.03 per cent). As will result. in a deterioration of that service. ? than his white colleague. This, then, could -
a basis for comparison: 53% per cent of They fret about "lowering the bars" in grad- be the first positive reo.sori for 'selecting
World population is non-white, and 12.5 lug entrance exams and diminishing the of- black Americans for responsible posts
.per cent of the U.S. population is black. fectiveneas of this elite corps. Such fears are abroad: It 13 loacal and fits nicely with the
In ether words, while major American totally unfounded. We will not reduce the conventional wisdom that one has to be like
corporations, police departments, univcr- caliber of our foreign service effort by in- his conntan?part in order to fully understand
sities, foundations, and churches scramble volving more black Americans neaa the top. his thinking. But even here there is a rea
to reverse the tradition that ecludes black Sonlor-level diplomacy has little?or noth- joinder--and one not devoid of humor. It is
Americans, our foreign affairs establishment log--to do with the consular skills and pro-. that governments of non-white nations--
.has-not moved. tocol techniques toweed eVhich the regular particularly African countries?suspect that
. The virtual bar gannet top-level black foreign service examinations are 'skewed. It Most (or, ?if the position is being argued
participation in our foreign valley is not hese long-been accepted, Moreover, that oth- strenuously, read 'an"). bnfole Aeuericans
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.11 529 ? Carq.GRESSIONLI, RECORD -- hut)
hopeR,PRE9YAgiFe9ft98A?P 24?-R1/91,3igle)ARPONFTIM:119e0
proper is where the officer or director has
been vindicated by a court or is guilty
only of an honest business error pot in-
volving a violation of a statute. 11
As stated by the New York qppreme
? Court 30 years ago:
the issues raised by this Lloyd's of London
Sincerely,
'
(
INTERSTATE COM aMERCE ,AMMISSION.
Washington, D.C., February 1, 1971. .
lion. WRIGHT PATMAN,
Chairman, Commitee on Banking and Cur-
rency. House of Representatives, Wash-
ington, D.C. '
. ?
WRIGHT PAT:,.1.4. ?
DEAR CHAIRMAN PATMAN: WS is in reply
to your leiter of January 25,. 1971, wherein
you requested information with respect to
Insurance purchased by Penn Central to pro-
tect their officers and directors from charges
of wrongdoing. ?cArprinan, National Governors' Conlerenc
During the course of the anrrent investi- ?Washington, D.C.
Govsalloa. IInaa.NEs: I am writing to
you and your fellow governors to a
palblem which has arisen under many state
corporation laws.
As you know, the Model Business Corpora-
tion Act is sponsored by the. Committee on
Corporate Laws, Section of Corporation,
Banking and Business Law of the American
Bar Association. The Act. has been adopted
in whole or in part in many states. My sleet
to you is with respect to only one provision,
Section 5(g) of the 1969 revision, which I
believe undermines essential safeguards of
? federal and state law by authorhiln,g a cor-
poration of furnish its directors and officers
with insurance against their own wrongful
conduct.
The Committee on Banking arid Currency
learned of this problem through disclosure
that the directors and officers of the Penn
Central Transportation Company caused the
corporation to purchase a $10 minion policy
from Lloyd's of London indemnifying them
personally against charges of wfongdoing.
Such insurance Is authorized by Section
5(g), which apparently has been. adopted In
Delaware, Nevada, Oregon, Washington,
?Alabama, Georgia, Iowa, Pennsylvania, New
Jersey, Utah and Louisiana and proposed
in many other states. The section provides:
A corporation shall have power to pur-
chase and maintain insurance on behalf of
any person who is or was is director, officer,
employee or agent of the corporation, or is
or was serving at the request of the corpora-
tion as a director, officer, employee or agent
of another corporation, partnership, joint
venture, trust or other enterprise against
any liability asserted against him and in-
curred by him in any such capacity, or aris'-'
lug but of his status an such, whether or not
the corporation would have the power to
indemnify him against such liability under
the provisions of this section. (Emphasis
added.)
Thus, Section 5(g) permits the purchase.
by a corporation, out of funds belonging to
stockholders, of insurance .against all types
of wrongdoing by the directors and officers.
Included might' be fines, penalties, judge-
ments, settlements, court costs and expenses
in defense of both civil and criminal actions
against the directors and OrliCerS for viola-
tion of their cliity to the stockholders and
the public. Some of the federal statutes
which would be undermined by such in-
surance are the Securities Act of 1933, the
Securities Exchange Act of 1034, the Sher-
man Act, the fraternal Revenue Code and
various federal safety statutes Imposing civil
liabilities on responsible corporate offielafg.
I'believe that the poll6y underlying com-
parable state statutes would also to im-
paired. In addition, state laws limiting
direct indemnification by the corporation to
its officers and directors to situations wherc
the defendant has acted reasonably an.d. In
.good faith, or where 'he has -prevailed in,
litigation 'would be completely circum-
vented. Such safeguards are, in fact found
in other subsections of Sect-ion 5 .of .the
Model'Business Corporation Act itself.
Liability to suits is considered a risk at-
tendant on directorships, to be assumed, to-
gether with the more compensatory features
of that office.
Mr. Speaker, I place in the RECORD a
COPY of my letter to Governor Hearries:_n?
FEBRUARY Et 1971.
.11-0n: WARREN E. HinialvEs,
SE t,
1R000?0096001 -6
am ca lug t matter to your attention
so that in the event the above provision of
the Model Business 'Corporation Act is in
force or proposed in your state, you will be
able to evaluate its propriety from a public
policy point of view.
I am sending a copy of this letter to the
Chairman of the Committee on Corporate
Laws, Section of Corporation, Banking and
BusinesS Law of the Arnerican Bar Associa-
tion,
With kindest regards and best wishes, I
am
gation of Penn Central, our staff has deve1-
, ?pod inforination concerning the polidles
referred to in your letter. W6 will be pleased
to make our file available .to a member of
your staff at your convenience.
The premium was paid from Penn Central
Transportation Company's funds and
charged off as a business expe'nse. This, is in
violation of our accounting rules. Although
we do not have a regulation forbidding car-
riers from purchasing this type of insurance,
it is our policyto require peeNitum payments
to be charged off as a nonoperating expense
not chargeable to the consumer. Insofar as
the legality of ,the insurance - is concerned;
the State of Pennsylvania recently passed
legislation ?permitfing companies incorpo-
rated. in the state to pay the full premiums
on directors' and officers' insurance.
Insurance of this kind is not uncommon
.in the, transportation industry and generally
protects officers and directors for wrongful
act.s. neglect, or breach of duty. Wrongful
'acts entered into for personal gain or result-
? Ing from diShonescy are not covered. This
matter will be carefully evaluated during the.
course of the present investigation of Penn
Central. Any recommended legislative rem-
edies'? will be promptly submitted to the
Congress.
Sincerely yours, ?
GEORGI?: M. STAFFORD,
? ? Chairman.
? Mr. Speaker, apparently a number of
States are considering an amendment to
the Model Business Corporation Act
which would permit corporations to bUy
Insurance to protect their .officers and
directors against all types of criminal
and and civil wrongdoing. I have writ-
ten Missouri Governor Warren'Hearnes,
Chairman, of the National Governor's
-
Conference, to let him know that there
- is a movement to push this law through
various legislatures. ?
This new provision of the corporation
law, in my 'opinion, is contrary to public
- policy and contrary to the best interests'
of stockholders and consumers. When
Congress provided in Federal law for fines
and liability for unlawful conduct, it did
.not intend that corporate Officee$ and
directors should defeat' these laws
through instirance. The fact that the in-
surance may be Paid for by the corpora-
tion and thus its stockholders and rate-
payers, compounds the evil. The pro-
posed amendment, which has been urged
by a group of corporate lawyers whose
primary concern 19 protecting the ofileers
and directors of large corporations,
would sweep away at least 30 years of
court.deeisions and State legislation Pro-
hibiting Unlimited Indemnification of
corpo;.'a.te officers and directors against.
wrongdoing.
The only situations in which such of-
s.
PR-ESIDENTS PLAN TO CREATE
.FEDERAL EXECUTIVE OFFICE
(Mr. DULSKI asked and was given
permission .to extend his remarks at this
point in the RECORD and to include
extraneous matter.)
Mr. DuL9KL Mr. Speaker, on Febru-
ary 2, President Nixon sent a special mea-
sage to the Congress in which he recom-
inended the enactment" of legislation to
establish a new Federal executive service
in the executive branch.
On the same day, the speeitic legisla
tive proposal-was transmitted by letter
from Chairrna'n Mobert E. Hampton of
the Civil Service Commission to the
Speaker of the House.
Accompauing the proposal were:
rather exteriive documents 'explaining
the proposal' and incluaing a Section
analysis of the -bill. The proposal was
referred to my Committee on Post Office -
and Civil Service.
Today, the ranking' minority member
of our committee, Mr. Co-airs-Tr, and my- -
self are joining in introducing the Presi-
dent's recommended bill. ?
Silleyely yours,
WRIGHT PATMAN.
? BILL IS INTRODUCED
We have taken the initiative in intro-
dueing.this bill as a matter of courtesy to ?
'the President to see that his recom-
mendation is properly entered into' the .
legislative process..
I have not had the proper opportunity .
to become as fainiln-r as I would like With
'this extensive pnVosal. However, it is
obvious that it repi7esents a radical new
concept in executive personnel manage-
ment and quite likely- will prove to be
controversial in many aspects. ?
Nevertheless, I am .confident that my
committee will give the proposal 'careful ?
consideration, and if the need can he es-
tablished for what -the President de-
scribes as "landmark" legislation, my
committee will be up to the challenge.
We -are certainly no strangers 'in this
field as witness our "landmark 'postal re- e
form legislation" and our "landmark ?
Federal pay comparability legislation,"
both enacted in the last Congress.
I am including for the information of "
the Members the explanatory documents
which accompanied the President's
legislative ? proposal;
CIVIL SERyICE COMMISSION,
' 'Washington, D.C., February 2, 1971.
lion. C!ARI, ALDER?,
Spcaker of the House of Representatives,
Washington, D.C.
Doss MR'. SPFAICER: President Nixon, in-las -
message today to Congress, recommended en-
actment of a legislative propoaal to establieh
a new Federal, Executive Service in the exccu- -
tire branch.
Accordingly, we are forwarding for con-
Approved For Release 2,001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-01661 R000200060001 -6
SHTNGTON MOTH.
AppraWitb-il-Release 20Q1/081:6419tIA-RDP80-016
4:By Barbara Raskin.
Liston, you Eilnlc
p3yohlEitr1oto don't
have proMerns? Olrfe,
hnitco 675,000 a year,
I-2avo to listen ?
to ovc,,rybody's troubles
all, day. Then go
home and my ffil.e tells
,me: I should be doing
? ci'oup iherapy and
M-aidng three limes
as much, and my son
? says it's not right.
, that I treat just
one pEilialIt at a tIme,
that I should ho
-preventing
by solving all the
problems of the wuld.
1
1,fliTiiii[li
1 1111?/ Jj I I '
, ....._jtill
1. SYCHIATRISTS IN WASHINGTON arc . sweaters or Mexican knit shawls to put
. . having. an identity crisis. Many around their shoulders during the lecture.
D
who used. to.be very self-assured?. :The most aware husbands know enough
'"-----? -not to sfiy smug?about who they to be attentive during these put-ons and
were and What they were doing are act- take-offs; a gracefully' anticipated and
ing a bit defensive and anxious these days executed maneuver .expresses the solidar-
_becauSe, like paranoids who have some ity of the marriage.
real enemies, Washington psychiatrists
haye some very real problems..
?; When they all get together, snug and
.secure within their own establishment,
they're.full of themselves and full of high
spirits Like right -before Thanksgiving,
at the -foUrteenth annual Frieda Fromm-
Reichmanri Memorial Lecture in the.
auditorium .of the National Institutes of
Health, when a. large number of the
.Washington .psychiatric community
turned out to hear a speech delivered by
Dr. Margaret Rioch, our psychiatrist'
very own psychologist. ? -
- Before the lecture, there is a lot of seat
hopping and row jumping as each psy-
chiatrist silently announces his presence
("Look, I'm here now") and checks out
the general attendance.' Most of the. doc-
tors bring their wives and a few drag
along their kids for show-and-tell ("See,
ours came out all right after all, 'thank
God"). One proud - couple has . their
twenty-year-old daughter in tow along
-Ohl' her nice new graduate student boy-
friend and they all spread themselves out
. across a -row of seats, like. churchgoing
fathilies in a pew greeting and nodding
to everyone.- .
Despite all .the intellectual hoopla at-
tached to this highlight of the psychiatric
season, the speech is a lightweight presen-
tation that -embarrasses the prestigious
audience. "When we awake in the morn-
ing, we do not really ever know what
will happen before we go to sleep that
night," the white-haired Dr..Rioch in-
toned. 'We do not even know what we
ourselves will do." On and on she. goes,
sounding like - a ninth-grade teacher
i ary.;,,,
exhorting her class to face life bravely.
But it doesn't Matter because the real
action is in the audience, where every-
one is eyeballing everyone else, -except
for the few totally uninhibited psy-
chiatrists who have fallen asleep. It's like
a Friday night service at a reform syna-
gogue. The congregation is casually, but
self-consciously, dressed, with the niost
common psychiatric tribal costume a
semi-assertive sportcoat, dark slacks, and
wide, self-expressive tie.
Actually the doctors' wives .give off
the strongest vibrations. Since mot psy-.
chiatrists look alike, it's the women who
make _the important psychosociological
, .
distinctions. Many are in Peck and Peck
... - , dresses?yellow or green basic wools.
Approved FOr Re I eagth 20012/03104 ,001X-FtDpooL301601R0002000600014ers of. the
ii)
Most of. the ladies have short, well-
coiffed hairdos which were. washed and
set about 4:30 this afternoon, but several
of the come-on,strong -wives have long
hair coiled into a thick bun at the nape
of the neck.: The real ego-trippers use
one of those small knitted snoods over'
the bun, which is tantamount to? an-
nouncing that they have completed
.,analysis. Mixed in with the twentieth-
wedding-anniversary set are a few new
wives with blond hair who clearly didn't
meet ? their husbands while they were
going through medical school. The
mystique surrounding the recent Wives
stems from the possibility that they Were
patients of the psychiatrists they mar.-
tied, and even if they weren't, they act
as if they had accomplished the ultimate
fantasy of every female patient?snaring
her shrink. The triumphant flair of the
'blonds seems to unnerve the stable
couples seated nearby..
Psychoanalysts attending the lecture
are.- king of the mountain and they
emit. a- consciously democratic effusive-
ness. Products of the Freudian psycho-
analytic training institutes, they are to
the plain psychiatrists what the brain
surgeon is .to the general practitioner.
They can wear their hair a little longer,
cultivate a moustache or Van Dyke
beard, and speak with pontifical author-
ity about. any issue dealing' with .Man.
? Among the two cents plain psychia
trists are proponents of two basic kinds
of psychotherapy. One is the directive--
organic type who is more medically ? or
organically oriented. These psychiatrists,
the D.O.'s, place a greater emphasis on
the physical symptoms, consequences,
and treatment of the patient's disability,
and dispense .some - psychotherapy. of a ?
direct or. directive nature. The D.O.'s
frequently use physical treatments?rang,.
big from tranquilizers' tO shock therapy,
and they have shorter, less intense, and
less frequent sesions with the patient,?
who is told how to think and behave.
Most of these D.O. psychiatrists are mid-
western Wasp tyPes, committed to'nialc-
ing the patient's hurt go away as fast as
possible.
The other group of psychiatrists has
.
an analytic orientation to therapy and
Uses a variety of theoretical methods
which are Variations on ? the Freudian
?
And expansidn bad wristwatches. Many ? fifty-minute hour, they embark upon
have brought along tweedy, looking long-term, intensive, insight,oriented ses-
? . .
?
' \
STATINTL .
Ap'proved For Release 20bsrf/041b49-liCIA-RDP80-016
,
. Cuba, last' September.
1 6 1r-v, ? ?
1
IT ay- c 7 0 --11 .. 0/ ',CV 6 '-jj / CV 4 /1101: SUSpicions, based on the art
r '4'.., . a., . ..,. . .:.1..)-ti, ......... . of a mother ship, plus twc
. . i conspicuous barges of a i
?'?' '
LUVC.31: -an: 0 . 1 - it P C, A I. ii C., ?,..) '.." L 1..,..1..[
, - ' - y i e i e ?,? ,
? ' '1. , -5 ''''i '''',) ''''N 0 4.71.)1:4 '''''''i used only for storing a i
- .: lear submarine's radioac
,
effluent, alerted the 'WI
.. .. .. . ?
House. That led to -int(
t -
Fotiowttig is the fifth in a series of articles &ploring the behind-the-scenes_ a negotia
- - ? and the President's . re
-Nixon Administration's style in foreign policy: . ? -. ? - -
.?_.. .. . ?-..1.. ...:;. . . warning. to ? Moseew ' not
? by BENJAMIN WELLES ? . . --. . ..... an .serVibe nuclear armed. 'S
:...special co The New York Time:. . . . ' .? ' ' 911 or from" Cuban bases.
- WASHINGTON,- ..lan. 21 ?'per cent of the total, or about - Career. officials .in the it
. . -
President . Nixon has become $4-billion, about $2.5-billion of ligence community resist i
g ' -
dissatisfied with the size, cost it on. the strategic intelligence ir
in ' With reporters, but
and. loose. codrdination of the and the rest on tactical. It con_ views over several moi
with- Federaleal daily with officials
intelligE
'
tributes ;at least 150,00Q mem-
rt -
Gove.ramcnt's worldwide, in
ebers of the intelligence staffs
telligence operatiens. ,which are estimated at 200,006 matters, with men ret
from intelligence careers
'According to; el:lei-ethers of People: ? , with some on. active duty
his staff, he believes .that the Overseeing all the activities
intelligence provided to help 1,,s,,nthe United States Intelli. dicate that .President M
and his chief advisers ap
him formulate foreign policy, orderby P ce Boardre' set up by secret sident- Dwight D. date the need for high-gi
while occasionally excellent, I Eisenhower in 1956 to coordi_ intelligence and "consume.
is not good enough, day afterinate intelligence exchanges, 'eagerly; ? ?
day; .to justify its share of decide collection priorities, as-
The community, for insts
the budget; ' . --, ' ' .? ; ; sign collection tasks and help has been providing the P:
Mr. Nixon, if., is said, h,s?i;c. prepare what are known as na-
dent with exact statistics
,
? ..Itional intelligence e numbers deployment
sthnates.
gun to decide for himself ??vliat ? .The chairman of the board, characteristics of Soviet
the intelligence priorities en-tust"who is the President's sites, nuclear submarines
. repro-
!he and where the money shouni:sentative, is the Director of arpower for the talks with
s
.
be spent, instead of le?vnle ifiCentral Intelligence, at pres ussian on the limitatior
et t
1
strategic arms. - - Richard Helms. The other mem-.
"We couldn't get off
largely to the intellieence conn.lbers are Lieut. Gen. Donald V.
-munity. lie has instructed .his Bennett, head of the Defense ground at the talks witi
Ray .s. this extremely sophisticate(
staff: to survey the situation ' Intelligence Agency;
and report. hack within a yeer,!Clino, director of intelligence formation base," . an off-- 1 I.,
71` ?..3 ' A 1
it is lioped--with recommen-. and research at the State Be- commented. "We don't give
dations for budget euts r 1 y . -Hans Said to Rate High ,
o_ .as'It.artim,ent yicer - I.Al.dni. our negotiators round figures
much .as several lumdred mil-' Security cAaci ? t HowardNatj?11a- .?about 300 of this weapon. ''Sotirees close to ? the White
I lion dollars.
.. Not nit-tny years ago. hiel Brown Jr., an assistant general
manager at the Atomic Lnet,,y We
. gency; C.
here here and . here.' When
get -it down' to the '284 House. say'. that Mr. Nixon
and his foreign-policy advisers
Central Intelligence ? APency Commission, and William C. our people sit down to nego- ?Mr.. Kissinger and Secretary
Sullivan a deputy director of: tiate with the us :aim they of State William P., Rogera
?,
.and . the ' other . intellie7,ence the Federal Bureau of Investi-' know all about the Russian and Secretary of Defense
.bureaus were: portrayed a.s an gation. . I strategic threat to the U.S.? Melvin It. Laird?respect the
['invisible empire"-controlling' - Intelligence men are aware that's the way .to negotiate." professional competence. .. of.
foreign -policy behind a veil of the President's disquiet, '
foo much intelligcmce has -Mr.. Helms ;? who is 57: a.nd is
of secrecy. Now thc pendu- hut they say that until now its drawbacks, some -sources the first career head pi' the
- half-way through his term
say, for it whets the -Admin. ?Central Intelligence.- Agency. .
--, ._
lum has swung.?he has never ' seriously' istratinn's appetite. Speaking . Appointed by - ? President
. The President and his aides sought to comprehend thel of Henry A. Kissinger, the 'Lyndon. B. Johnson in June,
are said to suspect wide- vast ' sprawling- r conglomera- President's adviser on nation- 1966, . Mr. Helms "has been
spread overlapping, duplica- ton -of -regencies. ' Nor, they
e'-
al-security -affairs, a Cabinet essentially apolitical. He is
- tion and considerable ,,b000 say, has he decided how official obsrved: "Henry s an said to have brought prefes-
best to use :their techbieal re- patient for facts." . sional ability, 'to bear ? in
do lin in the secrecy- SOUrC,23 and personnel?much 1
-
' Estimates in .New Form 'lowering the profile" of the
agency, tightenin?; discipline
shrouded . intelligence "corn- of it .talentedeedn'? formulating In the last year Yr. Nixon and divesting it of.. manyraunity." . policy. , and Mr. Kissin,er have or- fringe activities that have
; . In addition. to ' the C.I,A., Two Cases in Point ? der ed a revision in the national aroused criticism in Congress
- ; they include the intelligence Administration use-- albeit, intelligence estimates, 'which and among the. public... His
' arms of the Defense,. State tardy use?of vast ;resources in
g '
are prepared by the C.I.A. after standin with CongresS and
.. and Justice. Departments -and spy satellites -and reconnais-
. consultation with the other in- among the ? professionals is
. the -Atomic Energy Conm-ds- sance planes to help police .the telligence agencies. ' Some on high. .
Arab-Israeli cease-fire- of last future Soviet strategy have According to White Home
Together-they spend $3.5- August is considered a case in been ordered radically revised- 'sources, PreSide.nt Nixon,
. billion a year on strategic intel- point. Another was poor intolli by Mr. Kissinger backed by the Congressional
ligencE.,, about the- Soviet Union, gence coordination before .the "Our knciwledge of present leadership, recently offered
Communist China and -other abortive Sontay prisoner-of- Soviet capabilities . allows M. Helms added authority to
countries that Might harm the war raid of No. 21," at which -
Ienry , and others to criticize Coordinate the activities of
.... nation's security. time the C.I.A. was virtualt us for seine- sponginess about the other- board members. - He
/ 1
When tactical intelligence shut out of Pentagon planning.1 predicting. future Soviet pol- is repOrted to have declined. -
in Vietnam and Germany and By contrast, the specialists icy," an informed source con- A major problem, according
reeonnaissance by overseas point out, timely intelligence ceded. Its pretty-hard to look to those who know the situa-
commands is included, the -oh- helps in decision -malting. . down the road with the same tion, is that v,rbile Mr. Helms
. lanai figure exceeds 85-billion, ? It was Mr. Cline who spot-- ertainty." .... . is the President's representa-
, ,1 01#00)t2000 . 4lisseitAQRDP
Part of the Administration's tive on the Intelligence Board,
experts say. TIA rov .9 I ,.. I -
marine buildup. at' Cienfuegos, put and organization - per cen.? rDEnfillion to
h fri& .abp Li t
04R9p0t2000p
pertinent spends i re than 0 toe