PSYCHOLOGICAL STRATEGY BOARD PANEL 'B' GROUP III PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT FOR NATIONAL POLICY VIS-A-VIS USSR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-01065A000600050005-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 10
• Document Creation Date: December 20, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 17, 2006
• Sequence Number: 5
• Publication Date: October 1, 1951
• Content Type: OUTLINE

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October 1, 1951
PSYCHOLOGICAL S- 'AT.T a':Y BL7P~i~D PANE_ "B" GROUP III
Psychological Support for National Policy Vis-a-Vis-USSR
I
POLITICAL
lvai~~.1~1ity of Pertinent Natiozirll Policy Ststenent;
The followirg present national policy for U.S. psychological
operations relating to the USSR.
a. NSC 20/14 - "U.S. Objectives with Respect to the USSR to
Counter Soviet Threats to U.S. Security," November 239 1948.
b. NSC 68 Series - "U.S. Objectives and Programs for National
Security," including Progress Reports #2, #39 #4, and Annexes.
c. NSC 86 - "U.S. Policy Toward Defectors."
d. NSC 114 and 114/1 - "Status and Timing of Current U.S.
Programs for National Security," July 31, 1951.
2, 21.1 id .ricn far Overt- ycl2lgyic l0 erat2on
Those documents provide guidance for psychological operations
as listed.
a. NSC 20/4 - Sets national objectives and limited psycho-
logical warfare ebjocti?res va.s a-vii USSR and its satellites without
elaboration,
iSC ~??8 - Sots bread overall objectives anal implicit
a,
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T 0 P SEC R E T
NSC review(s) completed.
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NSC 68/3 ) Both reports contain Annex 5 dealing with psycho-
) logical warfare support for political objectives in
) regard to the Soviet Union and its satellites and
NSC 68/4 ) appraisals of the programs in operation,
o. NSC 114 - This paper reviews the U. S. objectives and programs
for rational. security and is in affect a status report on programs outlined
in NSC 68/3 and NSC 68/4.
3. Current Psvcholo ;ical Plans in cart of National Ps choloL ical
0 erationsI
a, NSC 68/3, Annex 5, entitled "Foreign Information Programs,"
This Annex sets out in considerable detail the task and responsibilities of
the U, S. in the foreign information field and describes the role of the U.S..,,
lists the available instrumentalities for coordinating psychological activi-
ties and defines the target groups as well as sets forth the various methods
and techniques to be used.
b. "94er ones Plan for Psychological--Of fensive (USSR)", "Psycho-
logical Offensives is-a-Vis USSR Ob'octives Tasks and Themes," "An Analysis
of Principal Psychological Vulnerabilities of the USSR and of the Principal
attet v a l tie t o the U. S. for Their Eacploitation," Prepared by the
Office of A sjistant Secretary for Public Affairs, Department of State,
April ll~ 1951o
c, TYiere are numerous special guidances sent out by the Public
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Affairs Policy Advisory Staff (P/P( L) which indicate propaganda themes and
treatment concerning a variety of tactical situations and are germane to the
overall substantive policy. For example, Special Guidance #81# March 10, 1951,
"Communist Fallibility." (This paper is designed. to dispel the aura of in+-
fallibility that seems to cloak the Kremlin,)
d, "National Psydhelogical Warfare Mat f4t General Ware" This
paper, developed by IFIS, has recently been revised to include the comments
of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and will shortly be considered by the Psycho-
logical Strategy Board, Although it is designed as a psychological warfare
plan for general war, much of its content is fully applicable to overt
psychological warfare in support of the psychological objectives of the U.S.
vis-a-vis the Soviet Union in the current."cold war."
e. State Department Annex to d.
f. Psychological Warfare Annexes to War Plans.
1, Nation Policy Statements
There is available a pertinent national policy statement on this
subject. It is set forth in NSC Document 104/2, approved by the President
on April 12, 1951, and is an inclusive overall statement of. TJ?S; policies on
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2. National Policy Guidance fcrr. _Overt Pesch?lo~;icr7 O~~~rtions.
NSC 104/2 does not explicitly provide guidance for the conduct of
overt psychological operations in _upport of the national policy set forth.
However, implicit in certain of the statements contained therein can be found
opportunities for overt psychological exploitation.
3. Psi cholo~} cal Pians in Sunor of I? ationa . Polio
An invc-,jt:irauion of mater-Lals ava3.].=:~~1 in the Department of State
reveals that there is no comprei,c,.n:,ive ve .t psychological propaganda plan
which supports thr_t i.r.n:al. policy statement conic nod in NSC 104/2. There
are, ho;ever} n acs:?~u s rit:idanc os prepared by the ?'ublic Affairs Policy Advisory
Staf,? (P/~?u.4} which iiM:?icato prep:iganc.a tbemc,s and troy ;meant concerning a
variety of tactical si-,uat-?one which are germane to the overall substantive
policy, These sire .:ontained in the form of especial ;uidances, overnight
guidances, circular telegrams and special weekly guidances all. of which are
prepared by the Foreign Information Policy Staff of the Department of State,
An :illustrative s,a rupling of guidances which are germane to the
problem of overt psTcholog;ica.l support of economic warfare versus the Soviet
Union follows
a, xc:c= .i =_~.: d nee f94, June 16, 1951, "Rec vocal Trade AF,ree-
monit ~! x e.!1 ?,'::al rA
This guidance went out as telegram only and dealt with
imp]. -"'.cations_: of ?:ten:-l.on of the Reciprocal Trade Agreements to U.S.
;cenern c wrap^fare ;col is ic:;;
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b. Circular Telegram #'754 to all Missions, June 11, 1951. This
report sought to encourage o thor governments to give most inclusive inter-
pretation possible to UN embargo resolution against Communist China in order
to produce military weakening of aggressor and promote effective measures in
defense of peace.
c. Weekly Guidance #62, June 6, 1951, "The Kern Amendment". This
is one of a series of guidances dealing with the Kern Amendment. Other
guidances on the subject are contained in numerous telegrams, overnight
information guidances, etc.
d. Weekly Guidance #73, August 22, 1951, "East-West Trade".
This guidance emphasizes USSR interest mostly in obtaining goods to increase
war potential rather than consumer goods for peacetime development.
4. Adoguacy of Planning for Overt Psycholo logical O rrat ens in Support
of National Polio.
There are at present diverse materials on overt psychological opera-
tions activities which in various aspects support the national policy state-
ments contained in the NSC documents listed above. However, it is necessary
that pertinent existing papers, which are currently found in diverse
sources, be drawn together, fully coordinated, reviewed and integrated
into an up-to-date master psychological operations plan to support the
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No adequate planning is in effect now,
III
MILITARY
The relevant national policy is given in NSC 20/4. Stating the
broad national military objective, short of war, vis-a-vis the USSR it
provides guidance on the psychological effects to be maximized. The para-
graph (Page 11, para. 21a.) .referred to follows:
"a. Develop a level of military readiness which can be maintained
as long as necessary as a deterrent to Soviet aggression, as
indispensable support to our political attitude toward the USSR, as
a source of encouragoment to nations resisting Soviet political
aggression, and as an adequate basis for immediate military commit-
ments and for rapid mobilization should war prove unavoidable."
There is no overall psychological plan to maximize the deterrents
and minimize the provocations of U.S; military policy vis-a-vis the USSR.
It is understood that the military program described in NSC 20/4 will
have major psychological impact on other geographic areas which will be
discussed in relation to them in later papers.
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~j I
N3C Decisions - Dept Position Papers
Public Laws
executive Orders
Lmpli cit or derived from listed
sources
Preamble to the Constitution
"To form a more perfect Union, 1.
(Restated in NSC-6S)
establish Justice; insure domestic
Tranquility, provide for the common
Defense, promote the general Welfare, 2.
and secure the blessings of Liberty
to ourselves and our posterity."
International Objectives Srn3ngin~
fro^ National Objectives
1. Determination to promote the
essential elements of individual
freedom.
2.' Determination to create condi-
tions under which free and demo-
cratic systems can live and pros-
Determination to fight, if nec-
essary, to defend this way of
life.
D IJtD OP MPLICIT I;__`_'IONAL
ISYCEOLOGICAL POLICY IS; SUP-
P OP '!%` = OLJtCTIVES
To support National Foreign
Policy.
To aid in maintaining the lead
in building a political and econ-
omic atmosphere in the
world in which our system can
flourish.
To foster a fundamental change
in the inimical systems of gov-
ernment; first, by defeating the
aims of such systems.
4. To cause this change as a result
of internal forces in such sys-
tems, forces either generated or
encouraged and then directed by
us.
CopyJof$o pies
NATIORt . OR DRPJRT2? _:TAL PSYCHOLOGICAL PROGRAMS
USIE, with policy backing from speo-
ialgroups, has been established
to discharge the information pro-
gram set up under Public Law 402
of 1940. TAB A gives a detailed
breakdown of the organization,
functions, programs, and oerson-
-nel involved.
Defense - Deputy Secretary of D fense.
(PSB Board member). Special
consultant to Deputy.for
psychological warfare opera-
tions matters, Joint Chiefs
of Staff, Psychological War-
fare Operatio.,.,n,~j Planning
Team, and JSI .
Army - Psychological Warfare Division
Navy - Psychological Warfare Division
'Air Force - Psychological Warfare Di-
vision
The various force tabs of the Ser-
vices are attached as TAB B.
CIA - To be supplied by CIA.
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NSC Decisions - Dent Position Papers
Public Laws
Executive Orders
Primary
NSC 20/4 - "U. S. Objectives With
Respect to the USSR to Counter
Soviet Threats to U.S. Security."
NSC 68 Series - "U. S. Objectives
and Programs for National Securi-
ty."
NSC 114/1 - "Status and Timing of
Current U. S. Programs for Nat-
ional Security."
Implicit or derived from listed
sources
1. To reduce the -power and influ-
ence of the USSR to limits which
no longer constitute a threat to
the neace, national independence,
and stability of the world fami-
ly of nations.
2. To brine about a basic change in
the conduct of international re-
lations by the government in
power in Russia to conform with
the purposes and principles set
forth in the UN charter.
DERIVED OR EXPLICIT NATIOIAL
PSYCHOLOGICAL POLICY Ill SUP-
PORT OF THESE OBJECTIVES
1. "To encourage and promote the State Department
gradual retraction of undue Rus-
sian power and influence from USIE
the present -perimeter areas R
around traditional Russian bound-
aries and the emergence of the
satellite countries as entities
independent of the USSR." (14SC
20/4, Page 10, Para. 20a.)
2. "To encourage the development
among the Russian peoples of at-
titudes which may help to modify
current Soviet behavior and per-
mit a revival of the national
life of groups evidencing the
ability and determination to
achieve and maintain national
independence." (NSC 20/4, Page
10, Para. 20b.)
"To eradicate the myth by which
people remote from Soviet mili-
tary influence are held in a
position of subservience to Ms-
cow and to cause the world at
large to see and understand the
true nature of the USSR and the
Soviet-directed world eomsinist
party, and to adopt a logical
and realistic attitude toward
them." (NSC 20/4, Page 10, Para.
20c.)
4. "To create situations which will
compel the Soviet Government to
recognize the practical undesir-
ability of acting on the basis of
its present concepts and the nec-
essity of behaving in accordance
with precepts of international
conduct, as set forth in the pur-
poses and principles of the UN
charter." (NBC 20/4, page 11,
Para. 20.4.)
NSC 86 - "U. S. Policy Toward
3.
To support 1. and 2 above by de- 5.
Defectors"
fecting key personnel from the
Soviets or their satellites.
6.
7.
To convince the potential defect-
we that the West is in sympathy
with their aspirations.
To aggravate the suspicion of
the Soviet rulers of the depend-
ability of their subjects and,
if possible, to raise the level
of this suspicion to a point inhere
it will be an effective deter-
rent against the Soviets going
to war.
rre to strengthen the Free World.
To utilize atever skills and
kmowledgq('possessed by the defect-
CIA
State
Justice
Bureau of the Budget
1. Emergency Plan for Psycho-
logical Warfare Offensive
Vis-a-Vis USSR, 11 April 1951.
2. Various guidances, P/POL
3. Annex 5, NBC 68/3
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SOU;;; 5 C3 'IO1 POLICY
NSC Decisjons - Dent Position Papers
Public Laws
Sxecuti,e Orders
Implicit or darived from listed
sources
The pertinent NSC paper, NSC 1.
104/2; "U. S. Policies and Programs
In d, 7
feet the jar potential of tae Soviet 2.
Bloc."
Other pertinent papers: 3.
1.
The "Kem Amendment" to the For-
eirn Aid Program prohibits U. S.
economic assistance to any coun-
try exporting certain materials
to the Soviet Bloc. (vleekly In- 4.
fonmation Guidance #62, 6 June
1951).
2.
Reciprocal Trade Act. Two year
extension of tariff concessions
withdrawn $rom Soviet Bloc and
exclusion of certain products.
(Special Guidance #94, 16 June
1951).
To reduce the relative war roten-
tial of the Soviet Eloc.
To deny technical "}mow how" to
the Soviet Bloc.
To control air and maritime
transportation of the free nations
in order to prohibit shin-ments of
certain material or goods to the
Soviet Bloc.
To develop alternate sources of
important basic materials and
othendse decrease the reliance
of the free nations on trade
with the Soviet Bloc.
DERIVED OR .nPLICIT NATIONAL
PSYCHOLOGICAL POLICY IN SUP-
POPT OF Tf3 OBJECTIVES
NATIONAL OR DEPAR1a7ENTAL PSYCHOLOGICAL PROGRAM
ORGANIZATION FIANS
State Departient - For direction and
. policy
EGA )
Treasury As necessary
Commerce )
T ^ s^ 5
0
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SOURCES OF NATIONAL POLICY
NSC Decisions - Dept. Position Papers
Public Laws
Executive Orders
NSC 20/4 - "U.S. Objectives With
Respect to the USSR to Counter
Soviet Threats to U. S. Security."
NSC 68 - "U. S. Objectives and Pro-
grams for National Security."
NATIONAL OBJECTIV S
Implicit or derived from listed
sources
1. Develop a level of military
readiness which can be maintain-
ed as long as necessary as a de-
terrent to Soviet aggression, as
indispensable support to our no-
litical attitude toward the USSR,
as a source of encouragement to
nations resisting Soviet politi-
cal aggression, and as an ade-
quate basis for immediate mili-
tary cons.dtments and for rapid
mobilization should war prove
unavoidable.
2. To develop the military potential
of the U. S. to a point where it
can adequately support the above,
protecting and husbanding the
national economy as far as nos-
sible,
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DES IV SID G H EXPLICIT PATIO::AL
PSYCHOWGICAL POLICY IN SUP-
FORT Of TIME OBJz'G-I,-,,S
NATIG AL 0_' DEPAuRT.2 TAL PSYCHOLOGICAL PRCGRMo
ORGANIZATION PLANS