HUNGARIAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE BOOKLETS ON PLANTS MANUFACTURING RADIOS AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT, X-RAY APPARATUS, INCANDESCENT LAMPS, AND LOCKS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00926A003300050003-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 23
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 15, 2004
• Sequence Number: 3
• Publication Date: April 5, 1951
• Content Type: REPORT

25X1
Appro~l9Fll~ifd ~~ -RDP80-00926A00330 050003-9 25X1
25X1
COUNTRY Hungary
SUBJECT Hungarian Chamber of Commerce Booklets on Plants
Manufacturing Radios and Electronic, Equipment., X-ray
A
PLACE paratus., Incandescent Lamps., and Locks
ACQUIRED -a_ 25X1
25X1
DATE OF INFORMATION
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECTING THE NATIONAL DEFENSE
OF THE UNITED STATES WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE ESPIONAGE ACT 50
U. S. C.. 31 AND S2. AS AMENDED. ITS TRANSMISSION OR THE REVELATION
OF ITS CONTENTS IN ANY MANNER TO AN UNAUTHORIZED PERSON IS PRO-
HIBITED BY LAW. REPRODUCTION OF THIS FORM IS PROHIBITED.
10
25X1
a 0
b
25X1
-REPORT
CD NO.
DATE DISTR. 4 Apr 1951
NO. OF PAGES 1
NO. OF ENCLS.
(LISTED BELOW)
25X1
SUPPLEMENT TO,
Orion Radio 0 Describing products of the Orion factory., including
radio setggrprecision telecommunication instruments (voltmeters.,
vavemeters, etc), and oscilloscoposo
Hungarian Siemens-Reiniger plant0 Manufacturer of X-ray apparatus.
Tungsram Works. Manufacturer of incandescent lamps., radio tubes., etc.
d. The Elzett Factory. Manufacturer of locks
2.
25X1
30
STATE
ARMY
CLASSIFICATION COVIDE IAL4
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY - -
INFORMATION,.. REPORT
NAVY NSRB D1.STRLBUTI.QN
AIR
FBI
Appr6ved For Release 2004/02/19 : CIA-RDP80-00926AO03300050003-9
25X1
 Approved For Release 2004/02/19 : CIA-RDP80-00926AO03300050003-9
Approved For Release 2004/02/19 : CIA-RDP80-00926AO03300050003-9
 Before the war, health reports published in
Hungary, usually revealed tuberculosis as the
most wide-spread peoples disease. It is a well-
known fact that today the problem of over-
coming this disease is primarily of a social rather
than of a scientific nature as science has found
the solution to it decades ago.
After the war the Hungarian health autho-
rities were faced with a grave problem. It meant
a difficult struggle, but the authorities took firm
measures to liquidate this disastrous inheritance
of the past. One of our most important weapons
in the relentless fight against peoples diseases
is the expansion of the mass X-Ray service.
The progress made in this field up to now is clearly
reflected in some data. While in 1940, X-Ray
examinations carried out by tuberculosis insti-
tutes totalled 25,000, the corresponding figure
for 1948 was 58 times higher : i. e. 1,450,000.
 A number of hospitals and tuberculosis insti-
tutes were built and today 200,000 persons may
receive constant tubercular treatment. The work
carried out on a large scale has been rewarded
with considerable success. The number of deaths
from tuberculosis in Hungary decreased up to
the present to one-third of the pre-war mortality
rate. The ? Hungarian Siemens - Reiniger plant
played an outstanding part in obtaining these
favourable results. By means of their increased
production of excellent X-Ray equipment they
enabled us to considerably expand our mass
X-Ray services. Among the stationary diagnostic
units for therapeutic purposes, the Siemens Auto-
Progress, X-Ray equipment proved highly success-
ful and particularly well-suited for smaller hospi-
tals. It has a double-focus X-Ray tube. For
radioscopy, the smaller focus is switched on which
yields a sharper, clearer picture (view), while
in case of a radiograph the unit automatically
switches over to the bigger focus with a higher
permissible load. The adjustment of the radio-
graph tension simultaneously entails the fully
automatic heating of the X-Ray tube correspond-
 ing to the MA pertaining to the exposure tension,
leaving only the exposure time to be fixed by
means of a synchron-motor-operated contrivance.
The examining structure (the tilting examina-
tion stand, the sliding X-Ray tube and the fluoro-
scopic screen) ca,n be adjusted to any desired
position. The radioscopic tube current is freely
adjustable to 3-5 MA. The apparatus is very
popular, not only in Hungary but in other coun-
tries and overseas, as well, where many an apparatus
of this type has been exported.
The requirements of bigger and of the largest
type of X-Ray laboratories are met by the Siemens
Auto-Heliophos equipment. This 4-valve radio-
graphy unit satisfies the most exacting demands.
The apparatus (portable, on wheels or stationary)
is produced in a series ranging from a io MA
output to the fully automatic 4-valve unit with
a 500 MA output. Their automatic regulation
ensures perfect safety, and advantageous tube
 tion stand, suitable for any purpose, can be deli-
vered with the unit.
This apparatus, which is to a much higher
degree automatic than the Auto-Progress, is
manufactured for one- or twofold use. The one-
purpose unit is equipped with the so-called
Telepanthoseope, a universal examination stand,
while the other unit is provided with the Pantho-
scope, which does not possess a special X-Ray
tube stand. For the second purpose - for X-Rays
taken of bed-ridden patients - either a moving
table provided with Bucky's bars or a stratified
X-Ray apparatus (the Tomograph) is obtainable.
There is a large variety of choice in appliances
for therapy departments as well. Various units
are manufactured, ranging from surface radiation
to short-distance radiation and deep heat thera-
peutical X-Ray apparatus. They are easy and
safe to use. Control devices assure safe manipula-
tion. The portable Portix X-Ray equipment of
the latest type has been specially devised to
facilitate the work of the regional health depart-
ments. Its structure is of an equally high standard
as that of the bigger units but, in accordance
with the special requirements, it is relatively
light in weight, smaller in size, and is easily handled.
Its output is barely less than that of the stationary
X-Ray apparatus used in small nursing homes.
When packed, it consists of three units, one case
serving simultaneously as the examining stand.
It is not only suitable for the radioscopy of patients
in standing position but for patients in a hori-
zontal position as well. Its highest output is 93
kilowatts and 6o MA. The tension of the X-Ray
tube is adjustable in 8 positions.
The tube current is likewise adjustable within
the given limits. The equipment is shockproof.
 MATERIAL-TESTING
X-RAY UNITS
The Hungarian Siemens-Reiniger Plant manu-
facture in addition to therapeutical apparatus
material testing X-Ray equipment as well. The
equipment produced up to the present serves
for rough structure examination and are of extreme
importance in modern production technique.
The material-testing apparatus, called Mobil
M2, serves for the X-Ray examination of larger
objects. It is suitable for the radioscopy and for
radiography of objects made of iron, with a ioo
mm maximum thickness. The main characteristic
of the unit consists in that both the high-tension
transformer and the X-Ray tube are enclosed
in an oil-filled and grounded metal case. The
advantage of this arrangement is that the high-
tension cables connecting the high-voltage trans-
former and the X-Ray tube - the cause of
frequent breakdowns - are thereby eliminated.
The standard output of the apparatus is 250
kilowatts and ig M.A.
For the examination of objects to which it
is difficult to gain access - for instance bridge
structures - the Hungarian Siemens - Reiniger
plant devised another material-testing X-Ray
equipment, the Mobil M3. The output of the
latter is identical with that of the Mobil M2
but its mechanism is of a lighter finish. The
high-voltage transformer consists of two units
and the X-Ray tube is enclosed in a shockproof
case. The flexible cable between the transfor-
mers and the X-Ray tube offers the latter a wide
scale of possibilities for freedom of movement.
 Those interested in any of the described products should address
the ELEKTROIMPEX Budapest, V., NAdor-utca sx. (HUNGARY)
Published by the Hungarian Chamber of Commerce
Ed. resp.: Kat6 Lazar. 50xo62x. Athenaeum Nyomda.
(Fv.; Sopron B6la)
11
 ELZETT delivers hundreds of kinds of locks,
padlocks, furniture and building fittings in large
quantities to almost every country of the globe.
Hungarian locks and padlocks are the guards
of safety in city and rural dwellings alike.
The visitor, when entering the factory, rumin-
ates on this success and certainly attempts
to discover the reasons. In beautiful buildings
modern machines produce - with up-to-date
technique - merchandise which may be regarded
as the tops of their kind.
Mass production with high-precision
requirements
The factory turns out millions of articles
yearly. Because locks has a rather intricate
mechanism, with very small parts, the factory
must deal with millions and millions of parts
a year. Just the same, the parts are made within
small tolerance limits and this is why the ELZETT
products are nearly high-precision articles. This
high quality has greatly contributed to the inter-
national success of the products. In short : the
ELZETT products afford the maximum of safety
that can be technically achieved at present.
Readers interested in any of Elzett products should address the
FERUNION Hungarian Trading Co. for Technical Goods, Budapest
53. P. O. B. 74 Hungary
Published by the Hungarian Chamber of Commerce
Ed. resp.: Kato LSzSr 5oio62o. Athenaeum Nyomda
Fv.: Bela Soproni
 How a new type o l lock is made
Before the designing department sets out to
draw up the plans for a new lock, for instance,
information from ELZETT's own international
market research is consulted. Once business
requirements are known, these are brought into
harmony with technical possibilities and a draft
design is made. The next step is then the manu-
facture of a model of the new lock, which is given
extensive tests. Not only are its technical merits
scrutinized, but the item is sent around the
factory and a veritable public opinion poll is
held among the employees. Everybody expresses
his opinion, and possible shortcomings are re-
medied. The final version of the new product
thus becomes a marketable article, crystallized
to perfection.
Trial manufacture
Once the model is final, the manufacturing
tools are made by the factory's own specialists.
Manufacture is organized on the widest basis
in accordance with mass production principles.
The manufacturing process is under constant
supervision and both parts and assembled pro-
ducts are tested with precision gauges.
Mass Production
When the trial manufacture runs without a
hitch and the product is' also faultless, mass
production is started.
Checking the products
The assembled locks are tested, opened and
closed several times with their keys before deli-
very. With articles which require greater safety,
e: g: the Tutius lock, not only is the final product
checked, but its parts during manufacture as
well.
This is how ELZETT's renowned types are
made : the cylinder lock, the robust Gogi padlock,
the Tuto padlock, - luckily for easy-going or
forgetful people because when open, the key
cannot be pulled out - then the rimmed safety
lock, or the beautiful Tutius padlock.
In the courtyard, a multitude of neat, slender
wooden boxes, ready for shipment, with various
inscriptions such as Mombasa, Guayaquil, Tehe-
ran, Bruxelles, Buenos Aires etc. will meet the
visitor's eye.
 it was in 1876 - 74 years ago - that a Hungarian electrotechnician, Bela
Egger, set up a small plant in Budapest, out of which has grown the world-
renowned Tungsram Works.
To begin with, the plant produced bells and signalling-apparatus and later
turned to the manufacture of other electric devices. The factory moved to new
and larger quarters in 1887 and a few years later began the manufacture of the elec-
tric incandescent lamp for both domestic and foreign markets.
At the turn of the century it was necessary to enlarge the plant. It was then
that the factory - which by that time bore the name of United Incandescent
Lamp and Electrical Co., Ltd., moved to its present location, Ujpest, one of
the biggest suburbs of Budapest. The Tungsram Works rapidly established its
position on the world market, and right from the start kept abreast with the
developments of modern technicology. A significant amount of independent scien-
tific research work was done within the plant itself. As a result,
in 1903, the first wolfram filament incandescent bulb was produced in the Ujpest
plant which thus evolutionized electric lighting.
The introduction of the radio in the first half of the 1920's involved another
important development for the Tungsram Works. Hungary also began to
manufacture radio tubes and soon the Hungarian Tungsram tube was as important
an export article as the incandescent lamp.
With intricate technical problems increasing, it was found necessary to
separate research work from the laboratories, and this resulted in the setting
up of the Research Laboratory under Ignac Pfeifer, eminent professor on the Buda-
pest University of Polytechnics. The Laboratory solved ntiimerous scientific
practical ? problems and among others I
worked out the process of extracting krypton gas from the air, as ell as the economic
serial production of krypton gas-filled incandescent lamps.
That is how the Tungsram Krypton bulb was born. Apart from giving a pleasant
permanent white light, it is to this day - both from an electrical and optical
viewpoint - one of the most economic incandescent bulbs lyet known,
 Production in the Tungsram Works has by now been entirely mechanized
and brought up to date.
Tungsram Works itself produces the semi-finished goods needed for the
manufacture of the bulbs and tubes (filaments, electrodes, grids etc.) and it
is in its own workshops that the intricate automatic machinery is manufac-
tured.
The Tungsram Works glass factory produces the glass tubes and stems
needed for the incandescent bulbs and tubes, as well as the outer r glass for the
bulbs. Further, it also manufactures special ampoules and phials for the phar-
maceutical industry. Both the bulb-blowing and the tube drawling equipment
are entirely automatic, thus ensuring uniform quality.
In incandescent bulb and tube production the assembly departments,
where work is also done mechanically on automatics, finish the Tungsram pro-
ducts and it is here that the difficult and ticklish task of assembly is performed.
There is great demand throughout the world for the high quality Tungsram
products. There is practically no type of bulb in demand on world markets
 which Tungsram cannot produce. Ordinary and ornamental Tungsram bulbs cover
the standard illumination needs of households and public buildings. There are
requirements in numerous other fields of both industry and every-day life which
are met by other special lamp products of the Tungsram Works.
Along automobile, projection, photographic, decoration and train lamps
we must not fail to mention the Tungsram pocket and torch flashlight, the radio
dial lamp, the miner's lamp, the battery lamp and Christmas tree lights. The
Tungsram switchboard lamps, owing to their large variety, can be used in
almost all telephone central systems.
Tungsram keeps up with the developments of electric lighting also in the
field of fluorescent illumination, which can be produced in all colours of the
rainbow, and which brings artificial sunlight into the home.
Tungsram in the service of world radio
Tungsram tube production is one of the oldest and most important ion the world
market. An important step in Tungsram tube production was the birth of the
miniature set. With these specially constructed batteryfed Tungstam tubes -
consuming only half power - extra-small, almost pocket-size set can also be
manufactured.
Tungsram emission tubes used for medicinal purposes, powerful amplifier
and rectifier tubes enjoy great popularity.
 Those interested in any of the described products
should address the ELEKTROIMPEX Budapest,
V., Nador utca zt, (HUNGARY )
Published by the Hungarian Chamber of Commerce
Ed. resp.: Kato L'az3r 5oro6ro. Athenaeum Nyomda
(Fv.: B61a Soproni)
 Radio manufacturing, a traditional Hungarian industry, looks back upon
a past of over 35 years. The Orion factory is the most representative among
the Hungarian plants manufacturing radios. Its receiving sets are known and
popular in various foreign countries, among them even in countries which have
their own radio industry, as Holland, Sweden, Switzerland and France.
The secret of the success of the Orion factory is that it is able to honour
the demands of its clients and supplies them with radio types which fulfil the re-
quirements of their markets.
The Orion sets contain Tungsram tubes, which have attained world fame.
Several types have been constructed, provided with the newest, miniature
Tungsram tubes and all component parts built into the set are of very small
size. The small size and weight demand lighter freight and duty expenses and
thus facilitate export of the sets. All categories of Orion products, the small,
medium, large and' super-sets are able to compete with any other products on
the world market. This is of great advantage to the commercial house selling them.
 The Orion factory pays great attention to the servicing of its radio sets.
The construction of the small and medium super sets is so simple and clear that
after a short training not only radio mechanics but any other mechanic working
in a related trade is able to repair it. The factory exports not only radio sets but
also sets of component parts easily put together. The buyers are provided with
all measuring and controlling tools together with complete instructions so as
to enable them to assemble the various models.
Another most important field of activity of the Orion Works - besides the
manufacturing of radios - is electronics : the design and manufacture of preci-
sion telecommunication instruments. As is known, the word "electronics"
signifies the growing field of the industrial application of radio-valves.
The engineers of our Orion factory worked long hours for months on end after
the day of liberation, in order to achieve and surpass the designing and produc-
tion achievements of other most advanced technical organizations of our days,
with the result'that at this time we not only provide modern telecommunica-
tion instruments for our own modern radio industry, postal services, medical
research, radio transmitters and service organizations and for our constantly
growing railrord communications, but we are even able to offerlthe fruits of our
endeavour to the export trade.
Of the complete series of the Orion communication test equipments, we may
mention at first those designed primarily for the fundamental radio laboratory,
such as the Standard Signal Generator producing radio frequl ncy signals for
calibrating wireless sets on long, medium, and short waves to a vrecision on vol-
tage and frequency which will meet the strictest requirements. The aural perform-
ance of radio receivers and loud-speakers may be tested to al high degree of
accuracy with the use of Audio Signal Generators, furnishing 5 Watt energy at
only 0.5% distortion. The Orion Vacuum Tube Voltmeters cf various types
serve to measure voltages occurring in communication, or other industrial equip-
ment from direct current to above loo Mc, hardly affecting the measured circuits
in any way. For the measurement of the accurate wave length of radio trans-
mitters, or local radio equipment, Precision Wavemeters from very long to ultra-
 Two of the most recent types of our Orion instrumentations are : the Wide-
band Signal Generator, assuring 40 Volt output from 20 c/s to 5 Mc frequency range,
thus serving satisfactorily the need for supersonic experiments and carrier tele-
phone investigations ; and the Orion Ultrahigh Frequency Signal generator
from 20-300 Mc, with continuous or impulse type modulation, a device employed
to explore some of the frontiers of radio communications. It may be mentioned
that for the investigation of the wideband circuits, such as are employed in
television work, impulse and Squarewave Generators are also among the products
of the Hungarian electronic instrument industry.
Two Orion Oscilloscopos are in wide use at present : a smaller 3" model,
capable of presenting audible and supersonic vibrations, and another, extending
up to 5 Mc, well into the range of television frequencies. The use of these devices,
particularly if connected to a so called "Electronic Switch" developed to observe
two occurances at once, renders very good services for the examination of
mechanical and periodical phenomena in the machine building industry, in
ship-building, in the railway service etc.
This industrial application of electronic instruments will obtain new impetus
in our country through the introduction, at this time, of some additional industrial
electronic devices, such as a new Orion Stroboscope, which shall enable the
maintenance-man in a textile-plant to observe all operations of his machinery
without stopping the spinning process for any length of time. In the flashing
light of this instrument, he may freeze motion of all rotating or reciprocating
components, and observe them in "slow motion". The results of this young and
promising branch of Hungary's extending precision industry, give us new re-
assurance in forecasting great new strides in further development during the
coming period by applying and expanding the result of advanced research to
the growing needs of our country as well as of the increasing demand from
 Those interested in any of the described products
should address the ELEKTROIMPEX Budapest,
V. NAdor-utca sr. HUNGARY
Published by the Hungarian Chamber of Commerce
Ed. resp.: Kat6 Lazar 5o1o6o8. Athenaeum Nyomda
(Fv.: Bela Soproni)