LENINGRAD METAL PLANT I/N STALIN

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00810A007700820010-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 16
• Document Creation Date: December 21, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 15, 2008
• Sequence Number: 10
• Publication Date: September 19, 1955
• Content Type: REPORT

Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-00810A007700820010-9
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE -AGENCY
This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title
18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law
S E-C R-E-T 25X1
COUNTRY USSR (Leningrad -Oblast)
REPORTI
SUBJECT Leningrad Metal Plant i/n Stalin
DATE DISTR.
19 September 1955
S
O
16
. OF PAGE
N
DATE OF INFO.
REQUIREMENT NO.
RD 25X1
REFERENCES
DATE ACQUIRED
1. The Leningrad Metal Plant i/n Stalin (Leningradskiy Metallicheskiy Zavod imeni
Stalina) is located at 19 Palyustrovskaya (now:.Sverd1pvslaya' Naberezhnaya),
Kalininskiy Rayon, in Leningrad. The Leningrad Krasnyy Vyborzhets Nonferrous
Metal Plant of the Ministry of Nonferrous Metallurgy and, further along the
quay,. the Leningrad Machine and Electrical Equipment Plant i/n Sverdlov of the
Ministry of Machine Tool Building and Tool Industry are neighboring plants.
A branch line from the Finlyandskiy Freight Station on the Oktyabrskaya Rail-
road and a wharf on the Neva River serve the plant. The plant is controlled
by the USSR Ministry of Heavy Machine Building and is directly subordinate to
the Directorate of Boiler and Turbine Building.
~IST.0~7~
2. The plant was founded as the St. Petersburg Metal Works in 1857 when its
principal manufacturing con Ot-e-d of boilers and various metal products for the
oil and coal industries. In 1904-1905, the plant first started producing low-
rated, steam turbines of 110-1,250 kw; the number turned out up to the time of
the Russian Revolution was about 20. Work practically came to a standstill
after the Revolution, when some of the shops were shirt down completely. Only
individual orders for various metal products were filled. In 1923, the plant
became part of the newly created Leningrad-Machine Building Trust and was
assigned the task of manufacturing boilers, steam trubines, and water turbines.
A considerable part of the plant was evacuated in the fall of 1941 when the
German advance threatened Leningrad. Repair of land and naval guns and tanks
was carried out in the remaining installations. The period between the time
that the siege was raised and the termination of the war was employed in 1e-.1.
building the plant and recruiting and training young personnel.
PRODUCTION PRIOR TO WaRLD 'WAR II
3. Steam boilers produced by the plant in 1923 were low capacity; medium-capacity
steam boilers were made later. From 1931 to 1934, the plant turned out a 25X1
STATE X ARMY X I NAVY X AIR X FBI AEC '
LJFORMATION REPORT ? REPORT
Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-00810A007700820010-9
 Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
considerable number of three-drum vertical tube boilers with outputs of 48-180
tons per hour and pressures of 30.5-34 atmospheres of the following types;
Item
output tons
Working Pressure
Steam Temper-
Heating Surface
per hr
Atmospheres
ature C
160
34
425
2,500
180
34
425
2:500
3.
90
32
425
1,600
4.
110
32
425
1,500
5.
ZVG
75
30,5
400
1,250
6.
48
32
425
800
7.
48
32
425
650
14. From 1933 to 1939, the plant produced horizontal sectional water tube boilers
of the Babcock-Wilcox type with longitudinal drums, as follows:
Heating
Diameter
Sections
Item
Surface
No of
of of drum
Length No of bees per
Diame-
Length
sq ui
Drums
a
mm Sections
Sections
ter mm
ama
1
102
1
915
6,325
(less.
superheater
6
9
102/94
4,875
2
150
3
204
2
915
6,325
12
9
102/94
4,875
4
250
2
915
6,955
12
10
102/94
5,485
5
301
21
1,067
6,955
16
9
102/94
5,485
6
400
2
1,229
7,035
18
11
102/94
5,485
7
515
2
1,219
7,155
18
14
102/94
5,485
5. From 1933 to 1941, the plant also turned out marine sectional boilers, without
economizers, of the following types:
Heat in
Drum
Item
urface Diam
eter
Length
No of N
o of No of
Length of
sq m m
m
m
Sections
es ,per T7595" per
uubes n3
Fo
S
rward ear
'tiQn SFdTMn
m`
1
300 1,3
70
3,708
20
10
12
4,213
2
750 1,3
70
9,486
50
10
12
4,213
3
1,000 1,3
70
9,486
50
12
14
4,350
4
450 1,2
00
4,750
26
10
12
4,500
5
1,400 1,3
70
9,042
50
12
14
--
6. Between 1938 and 1941, the plant likewise built single-drum,, high-output
boilers of the following types:
Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
 Type ut?Jut pressure
ps Back of
ep r hr Super-
heater
atm abs
KO-III .
using
anthra- 200
cite
dust
KO-IV
using 200
shale
or peat
KO-VI 200
using coal
dust from
Moscow
-Coal Basin
KO-VII
War-time 24Q
project
subsequently
taken on by
Krasnyy
Kotelshchik
Boiler Plant
at Podolsk
(N 55-23,
E37-30) which
produced
Temp or heating zjurrace in iquare deters
Super- ?adi- Boiler Super-
heated ation Nest heater
Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
00, Tubes
Drum Steam Dome
i.coro- Air Dian Ler h Diam Length
raiser Pre- mm mm mm ` mm
Boiler
Nidth Depth Height, total
mm Weight
315
425
430
500
1,170
825
8y200
1,582/
61,340
9541
7,200
10;980
14,110
1,486
894
315
425
256
720
1,040
1,100
7,800
1,582/
111,340
9541
6,900
14,940
15,775
1,486
894
315
425
564
170
1,215
1,470
8,768
1,582/
/11,340
954/
7,700
10,200
15,450
1,486
894
100
500
TO-230-1 230 100
TsKKB-LMZ
200 hori- 200
zontal water
tube boiler
with round
sectional
header
510
31.5 425
(34 atm
in drum)
Inc Air
heater
in tons
32,775 530
25,220 -
33,000 -
380 570 1,380 1,040 9,920 1,384/ /11,000 9581 7,200 11,500 15,530 32,300
1,294 894
Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
 Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
7.
Steam Turbines
In 1923, the plant turned out its first steam turbine since the end of the
Revolution. These were all low-rated 3,000 kw turbines. In.192 , the Design
Office of the plant designed a 10,000 kw steam turbine which was built in
1925. In 1928, the plant turned out 22 steam turbines with an aggregate capacity
of 67,000 kw and, in 1929, 30 steam t-urb.iAe..41 with an aggregate capacity of
105,000 kx were turned out. In 193Q..f the plant switched over to the manufacture
of 'large-capacity steam'. turbines. after. xtuprning. swill'-ti bins Construction oter to
the Electrical Equipment Plant i/n Kirov in Leningrad. In 1931, series manu-
facture of 24,000 and 50,0000 kw steam turbines was undertaken, while in 193k
the 100,000 kw AK..100-1 turbine was produced. The plant turned out 15 differ-
ent types of steam turbine8 up to World Tar II. The specifications of these
turbines were:
Type
Rat. Speed Working Final Te erature
a - a` bsbs r r
OK-30 (later 3,500 3,000 16 0.04 350
AK-3.5)
TN-16 (later
938 the AK-
2 -1 twin- 24,000 3.000 26 0." 375
pressure turbine.
The high-pressure
chamber comprised
20 stages and the
low-pressure
chamber five stages.
Production ceased
in 1939 when manu-
facture of the AK-
25-2 began.
DK-184 (later
the AK-25-2)
twin-pressure 25x000 3,,0 00 29
turbine with
high-pressure
chamber of 20
stages and low
pressure-
chambers of
five stages.
Steam consump-
t ior_ at a load
of 25,000 kw:
4.88 kg per kw hr
TN-250 (later
the AK-50.1)
high pressure
chamber of 24
400
stages, low 503,000 1,500 29 0,04 k$q
pressure
chamber of 16
stages.
Re... arks
The letter "A"
denotes steam
characteristic
of 29.35 atm abs
and temperature
of 1435?.
The letter "T"
denotes a turbine
With regulative
bleeding.
The letter. "K"
denotes) s, '.
Condensation
turbine without
regulat i've
bleeding.
Production ceased
in 1940, replaced
by production of
the AK-50-2.
Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
 Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
AKM5O-2 with 50,000 3,000
single chamber.
Weight: 161 tons
(1/3 of weight of
AK-50-1) Length:
24.5 m Height: 7m
400 Improvements over
AXK50-1 type in-
clude reduction
of rotor from 32.5
to 15.5 tons.of
number of blades
from 12,716 to
1,888,and number
of stages from
40 to 12. This
turbine was sub-
sequently replaced
in 1946 by the
VK-50-1 high-
pressure turbine.
P-165 (later 12,000 3,000 29 14 400
known as the
APR-12-1)
400
DKO-185 (later 25,000 3,000 29 0.04 400 Steam bleeding
the AT-25-1)
Steam bleeding at
six atm abs.Letter
"R" denotes a back-
pressure turbine.
Letter "P" denotes
a turbine with re-
gulative bleeding
(5-13 eta abs)
DKO-185-2 :.Identical with the DKO-185 turbine apart from design of front
(later the AT- bearing and other small modifications.
25-2)
DKO-195 (later 25,000 3,000 29 0.04 400 Steam bleeding
the AP-25>1) at seven atm
The high-pressure abs (up to 170
chamber has a tons an hour)
Curtis disc and
seven .stages, and
the low pressure
chamber a Curtis
disc and six stages
OP-175 (later 12,000 3,.000 29
the APR-12x.1)
MK-65 (later 6,000 3,000 1.2 0.1
the I-6-i) dry satu-
rated
steam
MK-66 (later
the MK-6-2)
F-135 (later
the VR-25-1)
Steam bleeding
at 11 atm abet
back pressure:
1.2 atm abs
Letter "M-" denotes
steam characteristic
of 1-2.5 eta abs
with saturated or
slightly super-
heated steam
6,000
3,000
1.8
dry satu-
rated
steam
25,000
3,0.00
125
450
Back pressure:
37 atm abs
Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
 Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
-6-
DK-405 (later 100,400 3,000 29 0.04 400 The high-pressure
the AK-100-1) part has eight
condensation stages. Steam
turbine bleeding at four
points for pre-
heating feed water
with pressures on
full load of 0.3,
1.5, 4.1,and 8.2
eta abs. Temper-
ature of feed
water on full load:
160?C approximately.
Production of the above turbine types ceased in 1947, when the plan began
building high-pressure, high-steam temperature turbines of the VK-100 type.
The figures following the letters in the type of designation in parentheses
denote the nominal rating of the turbine in thousands of kw: The aerial
number of the design folk ra the second dash.
8. Special steam turbines praduued by the plant before World War II included
marine turbo sets comprising tuxtbine,%condenser, and gearing, These turbines
were of various types? e.g.,compound turbines with high-pressure and law-pres-
sure chambers of 16,000 kw and. 17,50QLkw ratings and
compound turbines with high, medium, and low-pressure chambers of 40,000 kv
and 55,000 hp rating. The steam pressure of these turbines varied from 26 to
36 atm abs, the steam temperature being about 385 degrees C.
Water Turbines
9. In 1924, the Leningrad Metal Plant began manufacturing water turbines, the first
of which wae'a"small-capacity unit'of 55 kw, with a head Of 7.5-m, and a speed
of 600 rpm. This turbine was subsequently installecl in the Akhaltaikhe (N 41-38,
E 42-59) Hydroelectric Power Station in the Georgian SSR. The second water
turbine to be built in 1924 was a horizontaltradial-flow turbine with a rating
of 370 kw,,a head of 14 m, and a speed of 214. rpm. The plant produced 14 water
turbines it 1928 with an aggregate capacity of 11,000 kw, a figure which was
increased to 16,000 kw in 1929 when 19 water turbines were turned out. From
1930, the plant began to specialize in the construction of high-capacity water
turbines, the manufacture of small and medium-capacity units being turned over
at that time to the Moscow Plant i/n Kalinin (sic) which, however, ceased pro-
duction of water turbines some years later. Large-capacity water turbines
produced by the Leningrad Metal Plant in the 1930s included a 13,000 kw unit
for the Rion (N 42-08, E 41.39) Hydroelectf ie Power Station in the Georgian
SSR,built in 1933, and a 7,700 kw unit for the Gizel'-Donskaya (N 43-11, E 44-25)
Hydroelectric Power Station in NOrth Osetian ASSR, built in 1934. During the
same decade 24,000 kw water turbines were built for hydroelectric power stations
at Dzorages decade,-24,-000
Kalagiran (N 40-55, E 44-34] in the Armenian SSR, on the Niva
River at Kandalaksha (N 67.09, E.32-26) in Murmansk Oblast, and for the Lower
Svir Hydroelectric Power Station. In 1937, the plant produced water turbines
with fully automatic control for the Ivankovo in Kalinin Oblast, Skhodnya
(N-55-"57p E 37-19) in Moscow 0blast,,and for the Karkmysh4vo (N 57-45, E 28.42)
Hydroelectric Power Stations in Pskov Oblast on the Moscow Canal, with capacities
of up to 17,000 kw, while,,in 1940 and 1941, large water turbines were made for
the Uglich (N 57-32) E 38-20) and Shcherbakov (N 58-03, E 38-50) Hydroelectric
Power Stations in Yaroslavl Oblast. The water turbine installed at the Shcherbakov
station'is.a_Kaplan turbine of 70,000 kw capacity, with a head. of 12-20 m, speed
of 62.5 rpm, rate of flow of 500 cu m of water per second, diameter of'rotor wheel
9 m, weight of wheel 300 t, and total weight of turbine 1,315 t. Each of the
four stainless steel vanes weighs about 20 t. The diameter of the main shaft,
which weighs 48 t, is 1,300 mm, and of the shaft flanges, 1,980 maw
Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
 Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
-7-
10. Between 1921 and 1911, the plant turned out 18 different types of water turbines
in various sizes as'.hbvn below
Type
PrK 70-V0;-. l+jo longer.- The letter."PrK" denote that this water turbine was
built after 1930 _a propeller types developed from the Kaplan turbine
with fixed vanes. The letter "V" denotes vertical
shaft and the letter "0" open chamber. The figures
denote the type of rotor,
PrK 2145-VB;r NO longer The letter "B" denotes concrete spiral T-section
built after 1930 chamber.
PrK 129-VB:.i Na longer
built after 1930
K 70 VB The letter "K" denotes Kaplan turbine.
K 21+5-VB The letter "K" denotes Kaplan turbine.
K 90-VB The letter "K" denotes Kaplan turbine.
K 129-VB The letter ttK" denotes Kaplan turbine.
F 300-GF The letter "F" denotes Francis turbine; the letter "G"
horizontal shaft, and the, second "F"frontal chamber.
F 123-VB
F 82..GM
w'
F 82-VM
F 60 VM
F 13-GM
F 15-GM
F 15-VM
F 13-VM
F 128-VM
The letter "M" denotes metal spiral chamber., with
circular- _cr"oss .-sect ion.
The letter "M" denotes metal spiral chamber, with
circular cross,rsection.
The letter "M" denotes metal spiral chamber, with'
circular' cribs- section.
The letter "M" denotes metal spiral chamber, with'
circular _croa.srsection.
The letter "M" denotes metal spiral chamber, with
circular. cross-section,
The letter "M" denotes metal epiral,ebamber, with
circular croaa,section.
The letter "M" denotes metal spiral chamber., with
circular crbs-s-section.
The letter "M" denotes metal, spiral chamber, with.
circular crossrsection.
The letter "M" denotes'metal spiral chamber., with
circular cross-section.
PRODUCTION AFTER WORLD WAR II
It was not until 1916 that the plant stopped making boilers and started to manu-
facture high-capacity steam turbines for power stations and sea-going ship. The
Leningrad Metal Plant i/n Stalin shared this assignment with the Kharkov Turbo
generator Plant i/n Kirov. The Kharkov Plant manufactures its own: generators.,
Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
 Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
whereas the Leningrad Metal Plant obtains its generators from the Leningrad
Elektrosila Electrical Equipment Plant. The manufacture of low and medium-
capacity turbines was entrusted to the Electrical Equipment Plant i-/n Kirov
and the Nevskiy Machine Building Plant i/n Lenin in Leningrad, the Ural_Turbine
Plant at Sverdlovsk, the Kaluga Turbine Plant, Kaunas Turbine Planttand the
Bryansk Krasnyy Profintern Locomotive Plants. That same year the Central
Boiler and Turbine Institute (TsKTI), aided by specialists from the Leningrad
Metal Plant,issued specifications for types and sites with steam characteristics
of 90 atm abs and 480-500 degrees C for large turbines, and 35 atm abs and 435
degrees for medium turbines. The State Standards Co ittee (GOST) approved
these in 1947 and made them obligatory for all turbine construction, In design-
ing the new high-capacity turbines, the Leningrad Metal Plant and the Kharkov
Turbogenerator Plant also standardized 75 percent of the parts used in the
manufacture of 25,000 kw and 100,000 kw turbines and continued to produce standard
turbine parts of other ratings. Uninterrupted contact is maintained between
the Leningrad and the Kharkov plants. In 19514, for instance, engineers of the
former plant were employed for some time at the Kharkov plant in assembling
and machining parts for 100,000 kw steam turbines, as well as for building water
turbines for the Kakhovka (N 146-149, E 33-30) Hydroelectric Power Station in
Ftherson:Oblast ''-, Their engineers also worked in 1954 as instructors at the
Syzran (N 53-i1, E'48-27) Water Turbine Plant in Kuybyshev Oblast where they
advised the local technicians on the machining and assembly of water turbines
for the Kama Hydroelectric Power Station in Molotov Oblast.
12. Steam turbines.manufaetured since 1946 include:
Maximum Steam Steam
Type Cont YYY~~~
S~ pressure Te er- Remarks
ou6 Rating rpm atm. abs ature
VK-50-1 50,000 3,000 90 480
high-pressure,
single-cylin-
der, conden-
sation
turbine
VK-100-2 100,000 3,000
high-pressure,
twin-cylin-
der, conden-
sation tur-
bine
Steam consumption at load of
50,000 kw,198 t/hr; at 20,000
kw,78 t/hr. Turbine is equipped
with one regulating stage (Curtis
disc) and 17 pressure stages.
Total weight 150 t. The turbine
is fitted with two safety re-
gulators, electro-magnetic relay,
and relay for automatic starting
of emergency oil pump, and over-
load relay. Oil pressure in
control system has been increased
to 12 atm. Average diameter of
rotor is 21000.=., The blade.of
the.':final stage is 665 a long.
The leading edges of the blades
of the 17th and 18th stages are
protected from wear by
satellite cover plates.
480 First built in 19146, this turbine
has one regulating stage (Curtis
disc) and 17 pressure stages.
The last five stages are located
in the low-pressure cylinder and
are in duplicate. Steam consump-
tion at 100,000 kw is'396.t/hr'and
at 70,000 kw.,265 t/hr. Critical
speed of high-pressure rotor
(fixed): 3,620 rpm. Critical speed
of low pressure rotor (flexible):
1,670 rpm. Weight of turbine:
270 t. Weight of high-pressure
rotor: 10.3 t. Length. of forged
seamless rotor: 2+,896 mm. Weight
of low-pressure rotor 22 t.
Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
 Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
-9-
VT-25-3
---
single-cylin-
der, high-
pressure
turbine
VT-25-4
25,000
3,000
90
500
single-
cylinder,,
high-pressure
turbine
VPT-25-3
25,000 t
3,000
90
480
single-
cylinder,
high-pressure
turbine.
VR-25-1
25,000
3,000
125
450
single-
cylinder,
high-pressure
;turbine
(live
steam)
34+ (back
pressure)
SVK-150-1 150,000
3,QpC
170
550
three-cylin-
der, single-
shaft, ultra-
high pressure
turbine
(live
steam)
Only six turbines of this type were
produced before being replaced by
the slightly modified VT-25-4.
Regulative steam bleeding for heating
purposes up to 100 t/hr at 1.2-2.5
atm abs with regulating stages
(Curtis disc) and 15 stages in high-
pressure part and five stages in low-
pressure part.
Two bleeding points (industrial-,72
t/hr, heating:54 t/hr)at pressures
of 10 and 2.5 atm abs respectively
and three points for bleeding steam
for regenerative preheating of water.
One regulating stage (Curtis disc)
and eight pressure stages.
Length of turbine is 22 m. The tur-
bine is coupled to a hydrogen-cooled
generator built by the Leningrad
Electrbsila Electrical Equipment
Plant. Letter "S" was introduced
in 1952 to denote ultra-high pressure.
Condensers for Steam Turbines
13. Double-flaw condensers made by the Leningrad Metal Plant for medium-pressure steam
turbines of 25,000 kw include the following:
Condenser Turbine
Type
24-K-i These two-flow condensers vary in cooling surface as AK-24-1
24-K-2 well as in the numbdr, diameter,' and length of tubes,
24-K-3 Thus, the 24-K-i.has a cooling surface of 1,900 eq in,
24-K-4 4,600 tubes of 22/24 mm diameter and 5,564 mm length.
24-K-5 Weight of condenser less water is 75 t.. The'24-K-6 con-
24-K-6 denser has a cooling surface of 1,1590 sq m and 5,690
tubes( of .1719 mm diameter.,and 4,470 mm length, with
condenser weighing 53 t, less water.
25-K-1 Two-flow condenser 25-K-10 has a cooling surface of
25-K-2 1,950 sq m, 4,300 tubes of 22/24 mm diameter, and 6,080 AT-25-1
25-K-3 mm length. Weight less water is 44.6 t. AP-25-1
25-K-4 AK-25-2
25-K-5
25-:K-6
25-K-7
25-K-8
25-K-9
25-K-10
14. Double-flow condensers for medium-pressure turbines of 50,000 kw include the
following:
Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
Characteristics . Tie
 Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
Condenser
Type Characteristics Type
50-K-1 Two-flow eomdeneer 50-K-+1 has a cooling B`ttt"fa of AX-50-1
to 3,120 sq lay 6 tubes of 23/25 mm diameter, and. .AP-50-l
50x-8 6,470 vri length. Weight less water ie 140 t; the two- AK-50-2
flaw condenser 50..K-8 bas a c. .ing surface of 3,400
sq m, 6x200 tubes of 23/25 ma diameter, and 7.490 mm
length. Weight less water is 66 t o
15. Condensers produced by the Leningrad metal Plant for high-pressure steam[ turbines
include the following:
Type Ch rac x"istics
25-KTBS-4 Cooling surface is 2,000 sq mt 4,420 tubes of 22/24 VT-25-4
mm diameter, and 6,000 mm length..
Two-flow Cooling surface is 1,750 sq m, 3,880 tubes of 22/24 VPT-25-3
25-KTsS-5 mm diameterand 6,060 mm length. Weight is 31.7 t.
Two-flow Cooling surface is 3,400 sq m, 6,200 tubes of 23/25 VK-50-1
50-KTsS-1 mm diameter and 7,00 an length. Weight is 63 t.
Wall thickness of condenser is 12 mm, length Of con-
denser is 8,550 mm. Width of upper part of conden-
ser is 2,550 mm. Height of condenser is 4,500 mm.
50-KTsS-2 Cooling surface is 3,000 sq m, 5,450 tubes of 23/25 VK-50-1
mm diameter, and 7,000 m length.
Two-single- Cooling surface is 2 x 2,800 sq in, 2 x 6,350 tubes VK-100-2
flow Of 17/19 mm diameter',and 7,400 mm length.
100-KTsS-1
16. Single-flow condensers for medium-pressure AK-100-1 type turbines of 100,000 kw
capacity are of the 100-K-1 type,, two being used for each turbine. Characteristics
of this type are: Cooling surface 2 x 600 sq m and 2 x 8,150 tubes of 17/19 mm
diameter and 7,490 mm length. Weight of condenser, less water, is 2 x 80 t.
17. Condenser tubes are of L 68 brass when fresh water is used and MN-70-30 German
silver (Melchior) alloy for standardized sea water use. Condenser water drums for
fresh water are made of welded steel, while cast iron is used for condensers using
sea water. The condensers are fitted with automatic atmospheric valves or automatic
diaphragm valves.
",40 46
circulating P~mps
18. Circulating pumps produced by the Leningrad Metal Plant before World War II were of
the L-32 type, which had a delivery rate up to 700 cu m per hour, a water column
pressure of 35-20 m, a speed of 485 rpm and motor ratings of 750-420 kw for use
with AK-25-2 (DK-184), AP-25-3 (DKO-1955, AK-50-hand other steam turbines. At the
present time,the plant. is producing the centrifugal TsE-1.3-1200 pump for VK-100-2
turbines, which have a delivery rate of 11,000 cu m per hour, a water column pressure
of 13 m and a speed of 415 rpm; and axial. pumps for marine condenser plants. The
axial pumps are of the Ts-1200 type, which have a delivery rate of 15,000 cu m per
hour,,a water-column pressure of 13 in, a speed of 485 rpm, and a rating of 750 kw.
The rotor wheel has six pivoting vanes),,measures!l;075 = (sic), and weighs 14 t.
The electric motor'weighs nine't. Circulating pumps for VT-25-1., VK-50-1, and
VK-100-2 type high-pressure steam turbines are made by the Moscow Pump Plant i/n
Kalinin and are respectively Of the 24- NDN, 32-D-10, and 48-D-22 types.
Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
 Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
Condensate Pumps
19. Pumps for the removal of condensate from condensers, made by the Leningrad Metal
Plant, are of the following types:
Output
Water
Rating
Type
Column
Speed
of
Water
Pressure
(rpm)
Motor
Temp
(m)
KD-150
150 (max)
44
1,450
45
90
KD-151
KD-152
140
1,450
65
9o
KD-153
140
6o
1,450
65
90
KD-201
250 (max)
50
1,450
80
125?( )
KD-200
240 (max)
56
1,450
89
90?(max)
KD-2.200
250
75
1,450
125
35?(max)
KE-4-5-50
175
50 1,450
ZV-200
Ejectors
500 (max)
116(iuax), 1,450
175
For MK-6-1 (MK-65) and
AP-25-1 (DK0-195) turbines;
No pumps per turbine.
For AK-25(-2 (DK-184))
AT-25-1 (DKO.195), and
AK-25-1 (TN-165) turbines.
For AT-25-2 and VT-25-4
turbines: Tyra pumps per
turbine.
For VTP-25-3 and AP-25-2
turbines: Two pumps per
turbine.
For VK.50-1 turbines.
For AK-50-1 (TN-250)
turbines; Two pumps
per turbine.
For AK-100-1 ( -405)
turbines: Three umps
per turbine.
''or VK-100-2 turbines;
Three pumps per turbine.
For AK-50-1 and VK-50-1
turbines.
20. Prior to World War II, the Leningrad Metal Plant produced LeBlanc-type air pumps
and water jet pumps (hydraulic ejectors), but now the plant manufactures only steam
ejectors of the following types:
Volume Steam Absolute
of Air Consumption Mercury
Type Sucked per Hr Column
per Hr kgs Pressure
kgs mm)
25-E-1 20 250 30
For AK-25-2 turbines, in the use
of two ejectors,the steam consumption
rises to 2 x 250 kg/hr, the volume of
air sucked per hr to 60'kg, and the
absolute mercury column. pressure to
160 bm,using two P-2 starting ejectors.
Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
 Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
E-2N with
two stages
44
2 x 400
30
100-E-1
120
-~
20
EP_3-6o0-2
Feed Pumps for Steam Boilers
21. Feed pumps for
Type
Speed Water
Temp C Remarks
P-8-150 multi- 230 700 m 2,950 100-110 For feeding steam boilers.
stage sectional
P150-150 high- 270 140 atm 2,970 100-110
pressure
Miscellaneous Equipment
22. Other equipment designed and manufactured by the Leningrad Metal Plant i/n Stalin
are: Shaft-turning mechanism for restarting turbine shafts after stoppage, centri-
fugal regulators, safety switches, oil servomotors, oil TNOM-100-type turbo-pumps,
oil coolers, steam and oil relays, relays for automatic starting of emergency oil
pumps, centrifugal cracking pumps made of steel alloy and built for pressures of
700-1,000 m with outputs of 300 cu m/hr, and special orders for important engineering
works such as Uralmashzavod at Sverdlovsk, and the Electrical Equipment Plant i/n
Kirov in Leningrad.
Water Turbines
23. The Leningrad Metal Plant continued to produce a few late-design, medium-capacity
t
urbines afte,; the war. In 1945, the plant received an order for the manufacture of
six out of the nine Francis turbines required:' In the rebuilding of the Dne o-
electric Station, which the Germans had destroyed.
Chief of the Water Turbine Design Office of the Leningrad Metal Plant_ R1 nt` +ho
zuroines were built by the Leningrad plant
The first of the turbines was comp e e M(LCL_IQU7 an this Sixth
October 1949. Each of these F-123-VM-545 radial-flow Francis turbines had a capacity
of 75,000 kw, 102,000 hp for a head of 36 in, speed of 83.25 rpm, efficiency co-
efficient of approximately 0.93, diameter of rotor wheel 5.45 m, diameter of rotor
wheel (external) 6,m, height of rotor wheel 3.4 in, weight of rotor wheel 89.5 t,
welded metal spire.l cbaiber of 20 m..diameter, weight 160 t and a.stator of cast
carbon steel.
24. During the First Five-Year Plan, water turbines were built for many hydroelectric
power stations. These included 27,000 kv turbines for the Upper and Lower Svir
River Hydroelectric Power Statiox,18,000 kw units for the Kegums (N 56-44,
E 24-43) station located 46 km from Riga, and other units at Farkhad near Begovat
(N 40-14, E 69-14) in Uzbek SSR, Sukhumi (N 43-00, E 41-02) in the Georgian SSR,
Dzaudzhikau (N 43-00, E+-40) in North Osetian ASSR, and the Khram, (N 41-36,
E 44-05) Hydroelectric Power Station in the Georgian SSR. Power stations in which
water turbines made by the Leningrad Metal Plant have been installed during the
Second, Five-Year Plan included those at Tsimlyanskaya (N 47-38, E 42-06) on the
For AK-50-1 turbine, use is made
of two P-2 starting ejectors.
For AK-100-1 turbines, use is made
of two EP-1 starting ejectors.
For VK-100-2 and VK-50.1 turbines, use
is made of two EP-3-600-2 three-
stag ejectors and two EP-1-600-2
starting ejectors.
steam boilers built by the Leningrad Metal Plant include the following:
Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
 Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
-13-
Volga-Don Canal in Kamensk Oblast, Gorkiy, Kakhovka.. Angara (N 56-05,. E 101-48)
in Irkutsk Oblast, Stalingrad.4and Kuybyshev. Most of the water turbines to be
installed in the Kakhovka Hydroelectric Power Station will be supplied by the
Kharkov Turbogenerator Plant. Each of the four turbines supplied by the
Leningrad Metal Plant for the Tsimlyanskaya Hydroelectric Power Station has a
rating of 40,000 kw and six-vane pivoting rotor wheels; the diameter of the
wheels is 6.6 m.
Regulating Equipment
25. The Leningrad Metal Plant produces the T-225., T-50, T-100.t L-2007 L-400, L-750,
L-1200, L-1800,and L-2500 type governor. The figures denote the flywheel
effort in kg/m. The main elements of these governors are centrifugal pendulum,
slide valve, and servomotor. Other governors include the S-1, S-2, and S-3
types with vertical or horizontal pendulum shafts and pumps. The plant also
turns out the K-75, K-1007 K-125, K-150, K-200, K-250, and K-350 control
pillars; the figures denote the diameter of the pressure pipe conduit in mm,
26. Only one 100,000 steam turbine was built by the plant when it began to specialize
in 1946. In addition, a considerable quantity of parts for new turbines was
manufactured. It was not until 1950 that large steam turbines were turned out
in quantity; 13 with an aggregate capacity of approximately 700,000 kw were built
that year. This figure was increased to 1,050,000 kw in 1954 when 17 large
steam turbines were built for power stations and ships. The plant built eight
large water turbines, and five medium-capacity water turbines, with an aggregate
capacity of 1,200,000 kw, in 1954. Seven of the large turbines were for the
Kuybyshev Hydroelectric Power Plant.
27. The quantity of products which have to be scrapped has been greatly reduced
as compared with those scrapped from 1946 to 1948.
28. The chief executives of the plant are:
V. I. Vasiliyev
M. N. Bushuyev
A. G. Kulagin
N. N. Kovalev
S. A. Granovskiy
M. I. Grinberg
K. A. Spiridonov
G. A. Drobilko
K. P. Petropavlovskiy
Remarks
replaced Kozharinov in
1951
Chief Engineer Stalin Prizewinner
Deputy Chief Engineer
Chief Designer in Water Stalin Prizewinner (twice)
Turbine Department
Deputy Chief Designer, Stalin Prizewinner
Water Turbine Department
Chief Designer in Steam Professor,Stalin Prize-
Turbine Department winner
Deputy Chief Designer, Stalin Prizewinner
Steam Turbine Department
Chief Technologist
Chief Metallurgist
Chief Power Supply Engineer
S-E-C-R-E-T
Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
 Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
A. G. Antonov Head of Technical Control
Department
A. A. Lomakin Head of Cracking Pumps Stalin Prizewinner
Department
29. Approximately 15,000 persona worked at the plant in 1954.2 The plant new
has experienced engineers, technicians, and foremen,,, and many special schools
are run for the training of young workers and technicians.
E UIPMENT
30. Though the equipment installed since the war is satisfactory, the plant does
not have the forge,, press,, or foundry equipment for manufacturing ultra..large
forgings and castings for heavy machinery and especially for large water turbines.
This equipment is obtained from the Novokramatorsk Heavy Machinery Plant i/n
Stalin at Kramatorsk (N 18..43, E 3733) in Stalino Oblast$ the Nevskiy Machine.
Building Plant i/n Lenin and the Electrical Equipment Plant i/n Kirov in Lenin-
grad., the Novokramatorsk M&ch'ne Plant at Elektroatal,and the Uralmashzavod at
Sverdlovsk. Since the Leningrad Metal Plant specialized in machining and
assembling large machinery,, it is equipped with large machine tools, which in-
clude lathes for turning pieces 2.5 m in diameter and 20 m between centers.,
vertical turning and boring machines with 19 m and 14- m-diameter face plates.,
radial drilling machines for holes of up to 80 mm,, horizontal boring and
milling machines, portal-type milling machines, ultra-large planing machines which
plane up to five or six a width with table movement up to a0 a., and duplicating
milling machines made by the Gorkiy Milling Machine Plant and by foreign firms.
The machining and assembly shops are alto extensively equipped with hoisting
and conveying equipment of all kinds. Repair work on the plant is done very
slowly, so that many of the buildings now require urgent repairs.
31. The plant shops and departments include,
First, Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Machine Shope
Foundry (heavy castings)
Foundry (medium castings)
Foundry (precision castings)
Pattern Shops No. 1 and No. 2
Forge shop
Steam turbine department
Blade shop for steam turbines
Machine assembly shops
Welding Shops No. 1 and Noe 2
Water turbine department
Pump shop
Condenser shop
Cracking pump department
Metal construction shop
Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
 Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
Tool shop
Turbine. casings shop
Standards department
Electrical department
Machine repair shop
Building repair shop
Transport department
Heat and power department
General laboratory
Water turbine laboratory
Steam turbine laboratory
Pump laboratory
32. Customers for steam turbines include not only State electric power stations
in the USSR, but also China, Rumania, and Bulgaria. Since the war,turbines
of the following capacities have been supplied to various Soviet power plants:
Capacity of Turbine in kw
100,000
50,000
100,000
50,000
50,000
25,000
Power Station
Stalinogorsk
Moscow
Chelyabinsk
Shterovka4
Dubrovka5
Krivoy Rog
Turbines have also been supplied to the Minsk and Zuyevo State Rayon Sower
Stations and to Novosibirsk and Omsk Thermal Electric Power Stations.
RESEARCH
33. The Steam Turbine Design Office is under the direction of the well-known
scientist Professor Grinbergj who is assisted by a large number of experienced
technologists. This office works in close collaboration with various scientific
institutes and concerns itself not only with practical problems connected with
steam turbine construction, but also with carrying on scientific research. The
work of the office has included in the past the development of marine turbines
with high steam parameters and at present is engaged on problems connected with
the use of gas turbines in ships.
34. The Leningrad Metal Plant has its own hydro-experimental station located on
the Skhodnya River in the Khimki Rayon of Moscow Oblast. ',In 1954, engineer
Gushchin (fnu) was head of this station,whieh conducts tests on new water tur-
bines; rotor wheels and suction pipes. In 1953, the station carried out
Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007700820010-9
 Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-00810A007700820010-9
scientific research on auction pipes and rotor wheel chambers with pivoting
vanes in collaboration with the All.Union scientific Research Institute of
Hydro-Machine-Building (YTCK). As a result of this research work, the design
of rotor wheel chambers in all newly-built hydroelectric-;. stations at
Kuybyshev, Stalingrad, Kakhovka., Angara, and others Vas modified. In 19514,
the experimental station also conducted research on the cavitation properties
of water turbines. The first rotor wheel built for the Kuybyshev Hydroelectric
Porter Station was subjected to intensive tests at the Skhsdnya Experimental
Station before the serial manufacture of these wheels w e begun.
35. There is also a special water turbine laboratory at the plant itself where
research on all probl.of water turbine construction is carried out. The
work of this laboratory includes the construction of scale models of hydro-
electric plants, e.g., a one twentieth scale model of the Kuybyshev station.,
and models of high-pressure hydroelectric power stations built in the Caucasus.
The plant has testing installations and stands for testing hater turbines.
Co msent
1. Bryansk also has a turbine plant.
This is the highest labor force reported for the Leningrad Metal plant i/n
Stalin, According to other available inforamatipnx'the plant has labor
forces Of 2AWx 3,000t 6,000 to 8,O r and even 35* ?. The predominant
figure was 2,000 to 3.400.
3. There are no machine or aaehine-building plants on record in Gorkiyw
This is probably the Shter Regiaaal Electric Power Station at Krasnyy
Luch (N 48-08, E 38.56) in Voroshilmtgr'adcOblast.
Dubrovka (N 56-17, E 33??09) in Leningrad Oblast, RSFSR, is the only city
by that name on record having a large electric power plant.
6. This is probably the Zuyegka Regional: l2lectr?ic:.Pover 3t4ititm. in Stall=
Oblast (N 28-014, E 38.15).
Approved For Release 2008/09/15: CIA-RDP80-00810A007700820010-9