AIRFIELDS AND AIR ACTIVITY NEAR SVERDLEVAK
Document Type:
Collection:
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST):
CIA-RDP80-00810A007200630008-8
Release Decision:
RIPPUB
Original Classification:
C
Document Page Count:
28
Document Creation Date:
December 21, 2016
Document Release Date:
March 17, 2008
Sequence Number:
8
Case Number:
Publication Date:
November 10, 1955
Content Type:
REPORT
File:
Attachment | Size |
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CIA-RDP80-00810A007200630008-8.pdf | 1.8 MB |
Body:
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CLASSIFICATION 0-O-N-F-I-D-E-N-T-I-A-L
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
INFORMATION REPORT
COUNTRY USSR,~Trsils9~wwr!'~1'~
SUBJECT Airfields and Air Activity near Sverdlovsk
PLACE
ACQUIRED
DATE OF
INFO.
Attached is
CD NO.
DATE DISTR.
NO. OF PAGES
NO. OF ENCLS.
LUSTED BELOW)
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
ii
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
forwarded as received.
OMMuts Throughout the report, read Nishne-Isetskty for Nishne-
Uralsk and Nishne-Isetski, Pervoslgyka for Per asoika, Per vo sls]c Yor Pervo-
Mnlyy Istok for Mali Istok.
STATE
ARMY
SSIFICATION
NAVY NSI
coo
AIR
- Approved For Release 2008/03/17: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007200630008-8
1955
Approved For Release 2008/03/17: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007200630008-8
CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENT IA
COUNTRY USSR REPOR
TOPIC Airfields and Air Activity in the Sverdlovsk Area
EVALUATION
DATE OF CONTENT 25X1-
DATE OBTAINED DATE PREPARED i0 September, 1954
25X1
REFERENCES
PAGES 8 ENCLOSURES (NO. & TYPE) 3 - three sketches with two legends on ditto
25X1
REMARKS This is UNEVALUATED Information
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C CNFI:DENTIAL
-3-
I. Between February 1950 and September 1953, airfield was observed in a
level terrain northwest of Aramil (56?43'N/60?51'E). The field extended
from northwest to southeast for 2 to 3 km and from northeast to southwest
for 1 to 2 km. It was bordered on 3 sides by woods. West and southwest of
the field was a ridge of hills which extended west to southwest of an
asphalt road. This road was about 7 meters wide and led from Sverdlovsk
(56?50'N/6003'7'E) to Aramil. Flight obstacles were a high-tension line
leading from Sverdlovsk to Aramil, factory smokestacks in Aramil and
the aforementioned ridge of hills. No rCilroad line was seen in the
vicinity of the field. The installation was a military and civilian
airfield with a runway which was about 2 km long and extended from
northwest to southeast. The runway could not be seen from the Sverdlovsk-
-Aramil road but from the roof of the metallurgy plant. Two five-story
buildings with camouflage paint probably barracks installations, were
located outside of and southeaof the field, about 20 meters east of
the road. North of these barrack- buildings were two smaller houses,
probably officers billets. Another building apparently housing the
administration, was located southeast of the runway. A group of 10 to 12
large gray-green tents, possibly aircraft hangars, and a hangar, 6 to 7 meters
high, were located south of the runway; the latter hangar was located
at a right angle to the road. Along the road extended a lattice fence,
about 1.5 meters high. Sentries were see!! patrolling on the road. At
night, the airfield and factory smokestacks .in Aramil were illuminated.
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CONFIDVTIAI
2. During 1950, 1951 and 1952, only single ine aircraft and twin-engine
aircraft of obsolete types were stationed at the field. Since the PW camp
was located near the field, the aircraft seen aloft definitely took off
and landed at the field. During August 1950, 8 to 10 cargo gliders were
once observed being towed by DC-3s; the g$iders were released short
distance from the field and then landed there. Beginning in 1953, there
was more night flying activity than previously observed. After about
October or November, 1952, single-jet aircraft with swept-back wings
were seen flying over the field coming from the north. They flew only
in good weather or when the ceiling was over 1,000 meters. The flight
altitude was 200 to 300 meters. The jet aircraft which were daily seen
flying 3 or 4 times in V-formation or formation of 4 aircraft were
apparently not stationed at the field. They landed there and, toward
the evening, again took off heading north.
3.
In addition to military air activity, commercial flights were made by
DC-3s which definitely d'fered from the military aircraft by their
inscription. Aircraft repeatedly seen at the field included 4 or 5
during the morning hours, 2 about noon, and about3 during the afternoon. 1
Between August 1951 and June 1953, an airfield was observed about 2.5 km
east of the metallurgy plant, east of the Sverdlovsk-Chelyabinsk
(55009'N/61024'E) road and about 2.5 km from Nizhne-Isetski. The field
covered an area of 2 x 3 km. It was bordered by a level area to the
north, by woods to the east and south and by hills beyond the road to
the west. The ridge of hills extended to as far as Sverdlovsk. There
were no taxiways but apparently a concrete runway which extended in
N-S direction. In the northwestern and western sections of the field
were 5 or 6 brick buildings and some sheds in which aircraft were
probably parked.
5. Throughout the day, even in unfavorable weather, individual flights were
made by twin-engine transports and passenger. planes over Nizhne-Isetski.
These aircraft were not involved in practice flights at the field. In
the air space *outh of Sverdlovsk and over the field, however, practice
flights were c6ntinuously made n-jet airifaft with double rudder
assemblies and aiept-back wings. The two jet engines projected
far beyond the leading edges of a wings and slightly beyond the trailing
edges. A maximum of 3 or 4 aircraft of this type were simultaneously seen
aloft. The aircraft flew indi dually and were seen for the first time in
the spring of 1953. Prior to that date, air activity had mainly been
conducted by single-engine piston aircraft of various types. 2
6. Prior to June 1953, an airfield had been observed 12 to 13 km lout t
of Sverdlovsk, 4 to 5 km east of 'Nizhne-Istaki, 50 to 60 meters nor
of the E -W road running to Chelyabinsk. The field was bordered to the
north and east by light coniferous forests, and to the south by
uncultivated fields which extended to as far as the main road. Fran
noises heard it was inferred that a railroad line extended east of
the eastern woods, About 2 or 3 km west of the field was the Ural-Khim
Zavod, a chemical plant, from which a rutted field path extended to as
far as the field. A transformer st ion, referred to as "Ele$trostants,
was under construction 40 to 50 meters south of the Sverdlovsk-Chelyab nek
road, south of the field. The framework of the installation was completed
by June 1953. Two high-tension lines suspended on steel masts were strung
over the transformer station in E -W direction. 3
7. A runway, about 1.5 km long, extended from north to fouth in the middle of
the field. The aircraft observed at the field were generally parked in
front of the two hangars in the northwestern corner of the field. In
addition to the hangars, a two-story flight control building, a brick
structure about 20 x 8 meters large, was located at the northwestern border
which was to be enlarged. Eight or 9 twin-engine aircraft of two typo
were usually stationed at the field. The first type had two radial engines,
a nose wheel and a main landing gear which retractable backward. into its
engine nacelles, the second was a normal DC-3 type aircraft.
C ONFIDENTIA
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CONFIDENTIAL
8. During March or April 1953, a twin-jet aircraft with glassed-in tail
gunner's station, high rudder and engines fitted under the wings which
were not swept-back, crossed the Nizhne-Isetski PW camp, landed at the
field and, after a short time, again took off. Single !Jet aircraft were
definitely not observed at the field prior to June 1953. It is possible
that additional twin-jet aircraft made intermediate landings at,or
individual practice flights over, the field, However, the aircraft were
not stationed there. Air activity at the field was apparently conducted
regularly by civilian and/or military transports. No personnel were
seen at the field except for some lots wearing flying suits. There
was also night flying activity which was primarily conducted by civil
aircraft which landed individually.
Prior to early 1953, only propeller-driven aircraft were observed in the
air space southeast of Sverdlovsk. Beginning in early 1953, individual
single-jet aircraft were seen aloft and, after June 1953, formations of
12 to 15 aircraft were observed flying in flight wedge formations.
Beginning in August 1953, twin-jet aircraft were occasionally seen
flying in formations of up to 14 aircraft. The aircraft involved in the
air activity apparently took off from an airfield southeast of Sverdlovsk.
Other PWs stated that an airfield was located near Nizhne-Isetski and
that a concrete runway bad been constructed at this field in 1951 and
1952. Air activity was donducted only in favorable weather and almost
every day during the summer of 1953. The aircraft crossed over the town
perimeter of Sverdlovsk and the RTI rubber plant coming from the
southeast, subsequently climbed from about 500 meters to several thousar4
meters and, after some time, again headed southeast. The aircraft with
two jet engines were semi-high-wing monoplanes with single rudder assembly
and engines'fitted under the wings and projecting beyond the leading and
trailing edges of the wings. The leading edge of the wing was at a right
angle to the fuselage.
10. Between late 195$ and September 1953, practice flights were made during
daytime by jet aircraft with one and two jet engines over Pervo Uraisk
(56o55'N/59o56'E). Russian workers stated that the aircraft were stationed
at Sverdlovsk airfield which, during the last years, had allegedly been
considerably improved. In addition to air activity by military aircraft,
commercial flights were continuously made by DC-3s in E -W directions.
11. Between May 1950 and July 1953, air activity was observed over the
airfield east of the PW camp. Almost every day prior to July 1953, a
squadron of 9 aircraft flying in 3 flights was seen. The aircraft were
fitted with 2 piston engines and had double rudder assemblies. For the first
time in July 1953, a MIG--15 was seen flying at an altitude of about 3,000
meters. MiG-15s were not observed being permanently stationed at the
field. Apparently only individual MiG-15s were temporarily parked there.
12. Between May and November 1950, 61most exclusive twin-engine aircraft
with piston engines pointed at the ends and with double rudder assemblies,
similar to the Me-110, were seen at the field east of Nizhne-Isetski.
The aircraft were still seen from the RTI Camp at a later date. Air
activity was continually reduced after late 1952. During 1953, only a
few flights were observed. The aircraft could be observed in the Nizhne-Isetski
area only at an altitude of 50 to 60 meters while climbing east of the
town after the take-off. The landing gear was then already retracted. For
formation flights, the aircraft took off individually at short intervals
of less than 1 minute. Individual and formation flights of up to 8 or 9
aircraft were made. The interval and distance between the individual
aircraft of a formation was 2 wingspans and 2 or 3 aircraft lengths
respectively. In addition to twin-engine aircraft also individual
biplanes were seen flying at the field.
13. Single-jet aircraft without auxiliary fuel tanks were observed over
Sverdlovsk for the first time in the spring or s=orer of 1952. The air
activity was continuously intensified up to September 1953. The aircraft
did not fly every day. They always approached from the east-southeast
and also departed in the same direction. From the direction. of approach
it was inferred that the aircraft were stationed at the sale airfield
CONFIDENTI 25X1
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14.
as the twin-engine piston aircraft. The jet aircraft usually flew in
elements of two or flights of three and seldom at altitudes lower than
1,000 meters and also occasionally at high altitudes while developing
vapor trails. When flying in formation, the interval and distance
between the individual aircraft was most usually several wingspans and
aircraftlengths. Individual twin-jet aircraft were observed flying at
high altitudes and definitely seen developing 2 vapor trails. 4
The first single-jet aircraft were observed flying at very high altitudes
over Pervo-Uralsk in the summer of 1952. A. single-jet plane was once
observed flying at an altitude of about 300 meters toward Sverdlovsk
when the weather was very bad. The approach direction of the jet
aircraft flying at high altitudes could not be definitely identified.
The aircraft had considerable swept-back wings. In the spring of 1953,
a formation consisting of 2 flights of twin-engine aircraft with piston
engines and double rudder assemblies crossed over Pervo-Uralsk at an
altitude of 200 to 300 meters, apparently coming from Sverdlovsk. In
addition to these aircraft, twin-engine commercial NC-3s and another
twin-ene piston aircraft with considerably long nose compartment
and a slightly higher speed than the DC-3 were seen over Pervo-Uralsk.
15. Between May and November 1950, commercial aircraft were daily seen flying
over the airfield in the vicinity of Nizhne-Isetski. After the take-off,
the landing gears were being retracted over the PW camp. The commercial
aircraft flew also in very bad weather when the ceiling was low and
visibility poor, and at night. Almost every night, the obstacle lights
on the smokestacks of the Ural-Mash Plant, a machine factory in Nizhne-
-Isetski were on. The aircraft employed were Li-2s and I1-12s. The same
type aircraft were observed from the RTI camp flying at the field up
to September 1953. During 1953, mostly Il-12s were used. During the
period from May to November 1950, twin-engine ground attack aircraft
with double rudder assemblies and in-line engines were also seen taking
off from the field. This type aircraft was also observed flying apparently
at Nizhne-Isetski airfield up to September 1953.
16. The first jet aircraft appeared over Sverdlovsk approximately at the
beginning of 1952. The aircraft appeared to have tak off from Nizhne-
-Isetski airfield and were first seen flying individiik In 1952,
air activity by jet aircraft was considerably intensified. During the
last period of observation in 1953, the aircraft usually flew in elements
of two and often in formations of up to 5, usually at altitudes over
1,000 meters. In formations, the aircraft flew overlapping turns while
the intervals and distances between the individual aircraft increased.
Two or three times in 1953, two td . -jet aircraft were seen flying at
very high altitudes over Sverdlov . Twin-jet aircraft were never seen
flying at low altitudes over Sverdlovsk nor in unfavorable weather or
at night.
17. Between mid-June and late September 1953, air activity was observed
from the RTI camp in Sverdlovsk. The aircraft apparently took off from
an airfield several kilometers southeast of Sverdlovsk. Other PWs stated
that two airfields were located close to each other along a highway
southeast of the town. Single-jet aircraft with swept-back wings were
seen almost daily flying individually and in formations of two or three,
mostly at medium altitudes and sometimes at high altitudes. The same
type aircraft flying in formations of 5 and 9 were also seen from
Degtyarka (56042'N/60007'E) between April and June 1953. Aircraft
approached from and departed toward Sverdlovsk. Twin-jet aircraft, wings
with straight leading edges, were also seen flying over Sverdlovsk
almost every day but these were less in number than the single-jet
aircraft. In addition to the military air activity, commercial aircraft
were daily seen flying at the field. On 19 August 1953, 30 to 40 twin-
-engine aircraft, similar to the 11-12, individually headed west over
Sverdlovsk at intervals of 5 to 10 minutes. No four-engine aircraft were
observed over Sverdlovsk.
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18. Between June and late September 1953, air activity by military and 25X1
commercial aircraft was observed over an airfield 8 to 10 Ian southeast
of the RTI camp in Sverdlovsk. Throughout the day, twin-engine aircraft
took off 8 to 10 times from the field and headed northwest over Sverdlovsk.
Aircraft of the same type, apparently oommercial planes, were also seen
approaching the field from the northwest. Single-jet aircraft with
swept-back wings flew individually and in formations of up to 8 mostly
at altitudes of between 1,500 and 2,000 meters, coming from the
presumed airfield southeast of Sverdlovsk, where they took off in
elements of two at intervals of 1 to 2 minutes. After a flight time
of 10 to 15 minutes and of 20 to 30 minutes respectively the individual
aircraft and formations returned in the direction of the airfield and
apparently landed there after considerably loosing altude. About
once a week, a formation of 6 to 8 twin-engine aircraft with piston
engines crossed over Sverdlovsk. From noises heard it was inferred that
aircraft with piston engines and jet aircraft flew at night. Twin-jet
aircraft were never observed.
19. Between May 1950 and September 1953, twin-engine aircraft with piston
engines and single-jet aircraft were seen flying over Sverdlovsk in
addition to the air activity from the airfield near the RTI Rubber
Factory. The jet aircraft which were observed comparatively seldom
were designated as MiG-15s by the MVD sentries.
20. From early 1953 to September 1953, 10 to 12 twin-engine aircraft were
daily seen crossing over the PW camp in Pervomailm which is located between
Pervo-Uralak (56?55'N/59?56'E) and Revda (56?48'N/59?56'E). The
aircraft approached and headed toward Sverdlovsk. From the beginning
of August to mid-August, a total of about 20 aircraft were daily seen
flying in both directions. After mid-August, air activity was reduced.
No four-engine aircraft were observed.
21. For the first time in August or September 1952, 'Soviet workers stated
that a new military airfield was intended to be constructed south of
Degtyarka. 0 Beginning in the fall of 1952, engineers were
allegedly employed. Groups of 10 to 30 workers were repeatedly seen in
the Degtyarka area. The Soviets also said that construction work on a
radio installation for the airfield was started in September 1952.
Engineer details were seen working 250 to 300 meters north of the
brickyard. The type of the construction project could not be determined
by late March 1953. 5
22. During the spring of 1953, about 20 PWs were assigned to construction work
on a retaining dam southeast of Degtyarka. About 2 days after the
beginning of work, air force off %rs appeared allegedly coming from
Sverdlovsk and ordered that the PWs be replaced by civilian workers.
North of the retaining dam and east of Degtyarka was another construction
site where only civilian workers were employed, apparently on the
construction of a radio installation or radar station. While marching
along this site, the MVD guards tried to hinder the PWs from observing
the area. The following construction projects were located east of
Degtyarka:
Object 1: On a long bare hill about 800 meters southeast of a road fork
near PW Camp 6118/9, about 1,000 meters southeast of a lake, near a foot
path leading over the hill. The site covered an area of about 200 x 400
meters. There were 1 wooden tower with an antenna, 1 hexagonal wooden
structure and 6 to 8 Ah gun emplacements. The wooden tower was about
15 meters high and 5 to 6 meters in diameter. It tapered three times
and had a platform on top with a 4 to 5 meters high rod antenna. The
hexagonal wooden structure had large glass windows an all sides thus
permitting a good view on the surrounding area. The 6 to 8 All gun emplacements
were interconnected by oomo:unication trenches and were covered with
camouflage note. Each emplacement was 6 to 8 meters in diameter and
surrounded by an embanksent. The AA gun emplacements were not occupied
up to June 1953. The area was surrounded by a bared wire fence and
off-limit signs were posted.
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Object 2: A 15-meter-high wooden tower with an antenna located on a
hill about 1,200 meters southeast of Object 1.
Object 3: It covered an area about 150 meters square at the northern edge
of a hill about 200 meters east of the railroad line and 1,200 to 1,400
meters south of Object 1. There were 1 wooden tower, several earth
bunkers, and 1 concrete building with a concrete roof, referred to
by Soviet workers as "machine house". The wooden tower was near Object 1.
The roofs of the bunkers were covered with earth and bushes. No machines
were seen arriving at the concrete building. After May 195,x., the
installation was occupied by about 50 air force soldiers who were
apparently assigned guard duty. Eight to 10 officers ranking up to
captain were seen in the area after May 1953.
Object 4: A retaining dam, about 10 meters high, was to be constructed
across a river bed 400 to 500 meters southeast of Object 3. Southwest of
the dam construction, work was to be done on a machine house and power
station which was to supply the other objects with electric current.
In late )ky 195*, thick cables were being laid in cable ditches from
Object 4 to Object 3. Additional ditches probably for cables were also
dug between the other objects. b
23. Between July 1951 and September 1953, air activity was regularly and
almost exclusively sonduoted by twin-engine aircraft over Pervo-Uralsk.
Small aircraft flying at a higher speed were occasionally seen from a
far distance. These aircraft were not jet planes. Between 1952 and June
1953, 3 multi-story barracks buildings, each 0) x 20 meters, with gable
roofs of slag concrete were observed about 20b meters west of the PW
camp in Pervommaika. The buildings were occupied by troops in Tune 1953.
Rumors had it that the troops were the advance detail of a division
headquarters. In June and July 1953, several officers surveyed parts
of the PW camp and inspected some rooms. These officers allegedly
belonged to the advance detail and had the mission to prepare the taking
over of the camp by troops.
ICamament. For layout sketch of airfield northwest of Aramil, see
Annex 1.
3.
Cent. For sketch of airfield east of Nizhne-Isetaki, see Annex 2. 25X1
C 25X1
th
e available information on air activity over Sverdlovsk and
over the-airfields southeast of the town indicate that two airfields
are located in the triangle formed by Nishne-Iseteki, Aramil and Mali
Istok. The northern field is located at 60050'E/56044'30''N, i.e. 1.5 kaa 25X1
farther north than entered on Usaf Target Complex Chart Series 100,
No 8870, dated October 1949. The other airfield is located firther south
along the Sverdlovsk-Arammil road. Its pin-paint location could not be
determined. 25X1
The northern airfield was improved in 1947 and 1948 with the hip of German
PWs. It served as oammmercial airfield of Sverdlovsk and,
fighter unit from 1947 to October 1948 (the end of the
eriod of ob
ti
)
p
serva
on
.
At that time, the fighter unit had still been equipped with piston-engine
aircraft. In the spring of 1949, observed Jet fighters
at the field. From the reported directions of approach and departure of the
jet fighters flying over Sverdlovsk it is assumed that the aircraft were
stationed at an airfield southeast of Sverdlovsk. From the repeated
observation of jet fighters it appears improbable that the aircraft were
stationed at a remote airfield. Therefore it is assumed that the airfield
southeast of Sverdlovsk was still occupied by a fighter unit during the
period of observation up to September 1953. The southern airfield is
probably occupied by an air unit or school equipped with Tu-2e or Pe-2s,
a transport unit, and several commercial aircraft.
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5.
J +9?
(Comment. This is the first information on the construction of an 25X1
airfield south of Degtyarka. The work prolAy refers to the cons tion
pro ects
The rumor on the construction of an airfield was possibly
based on the observation of air force personnel.
6.
C n . For location sketch of construction projects, see Annex 3.
The construction sites presumably belong to an unidentified air force
installation, possty in the framework of air defense. The special
importance of the installation is supported by the observation that
PWs were replaced by civilian workers and that PWs were hindered
by MVD guards from observing the construction sites.
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CONFID$NTI~
L:,yout 0ketoh of Airfield Northwest of Aramil
1 "~:o concrete buildin;s,vith camouflage paint,
fiv^-stemy structures, pr,o ebly ba-r_~.cks buildings
2 13T-:J1 dv;ellin- houses, prohttbly officers billets
3 d-:;linistr~~tion building
4 10 to 12 ray-green tents
5 Heens .r
5 Several single-engine and twin-engine aircraft
7 Runw ay
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dirriela ZAsti oiALIZALld1'udL'CmL Tll-
/V/ z
l'y
For legend, see next paged
CON!FIDENT1A
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CONFIDENTIAL
Location Sketch of Airfield East of Nizhne-Isets
Legend
1 Airfield
2 Coniferous woods
3 Ural-Khim Zavod, chemical plant
4 Newly built transformer station
5 Presumed course of railroad line to Tyumen
6 Sverdlovsk-Chelyabinsk main road
7 Fenced-in area with bunkers
8 Runw4y, about 1.5 km long-
9 Two corrugated sheet metal hangars
10 Flight control station
11 Distribution hall
12 Building housing workshops.
13 High-tension line, further course not known
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-13- Annex 3
.,ir Force Construction Sites Near Jegtyarka
i
For l~~end, see next page.
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CONFIDENTIAL
Air Force Construction Sites Near Deatvar1
?end
1 Waterworks
2 PW Camp No 6118/9
3 Club
4 Altitude point 376 (sic) over NN
5 Lime and cement Works
6 Retaining dam
7 Object No 4
8 Object No 3
9 Cable ditches
10 Object No 2
11 Object No 1
12 Altitude point 860 (sic) over NN
13 AA gun emplacements
14 Copper shafts
15 High moors
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COUNTRY
SUBJECT
PLACE
ACQUIRED
DATE OF
INFO.
CLASSIFICATION
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
I ORMATION REPORT. CD NO.
USSR, Urals,) DATE DISTR.
10 Xavember 195;
AirfieldN?t agd Air .Activity nirar S dlovsk NO. OF PAGES
14
798 OOCDEEDT CONTAINS I 11FODaa1IO311 AFFECTIIO Tie NATIONAL NFNNN
QF n+E UNITED STATES. WITi1N Tit 1114PNINS OF TITLE t1. SECTION 7S8
AND 704. OF TES O. S. CODE. A$ AMUMiip. TEE?1~E:== as" L..
ATIOt OF ITS CONTENTS TO Ozi n= pr IT An
IWOi
IS F80NID1TED DT LATI TN ESROOOCTON OF T718 EOEN IS FEDNIWTii.
Uralsk and t ~' --- '-"-- -`"` +~ v{AINISj.ILa) rerVOUra&a c,ror Pervo-
Igto~Nt folr MNSt1i IrtoL
25X1
NO a a 25X1
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
forwarded as reoeived.
4 sbi'(PJPh0Ut thA rATV%V%+ _ w4nnA MTA ..L.~. ~---~ -?-~ --- -
STATE
ARMY
CLASSIFICATION C-O-44-I-D E-N-T-I-A-t
T A N a Dl BU71ONV
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CLASSIFICATION GONFID104T1AL.
ii .SF?
COUNTRY__.
REPORT
T ?' r _..- ..._._ 'r?'iblds and .ix' .Activity in the Sverdlovsk Area
EVALU;',"; iC?~.__._..I PI ACF OBTAINED
DATE GL:?,~1:urC~_._J
REFER ENCE3._.~_
ENCLOSURES (No. & TYPE)
L..._DACE PREPARED- :w Septsbar 195
3 - three sketches
Rc:~IP,Rr~S_ `_ This is UNEVALUATED Information
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CU'SSIFICAT1ON C00IDERHAI,
25X1
with two legends on ditto
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J"?,
tiLPTFI_C lTA1
950 and Septe ibe.r 1953, an airs _eld ..s ohservPd in a
hw c of Arr~ 5 `*143111/60`52.11,). The, field extended
t for 2 to 3 kc m and from no:'thoas? to southwest
's'-' ? ? ;; was bci?dos?ed on. 3 sides by woods. West and southwest of
idgc of hills wh-iihh extended woe ; to southwest of an
flrc 3as aboCxt 7 etws wide and 1(d fro),-, Sv?rdlovsk
t a: . , ~~? ?.g ~ .? obstacles wore t~.;tension line
_.: a efdlo sk to Ar: ani3, factory smog?stac? :, in and
..v...r,~'- crsew ridge of rastt by coniferous forests, ai2d to the eo i.h by
'i?a16z which extended to as tar as the main road. Prom
.~ %3r'd 4.'. 'e s -;,' sr red that a railroad line l7e:u,a71CiOt1 base
of
`About 2 or 3 im west of the field was the t" Ural . h tJ
ravrt:i ,
a ahorica.: p:., f rc s which a :tnt-ted f7.e!A path extended to to
*'c. C t. ti' e l old n. t. i,j'an f r"i')ei a a to on, referred ',c as
L11; ! tie ros?t n ~; ? ti't
.- u3ic er t}icetruL i~ 3'a lye t o 50 meters south of the Sverdlovsk .Che1 abia , ti':,
'C ::d y L,'.: h oa t c field , The framework of the installation was COmi)].ctul
by Jiuc. `953. Two high-i:erision lines suspended on steel masts 'were etrL ng
over I-he : ansfor er sat :on in :? w' direction. 3
I. i'itrh'.T . , cut 1.`5 b;tn long, extended from north to ;ouch in the 1ttidc::.le ."?'
be field , The aircraft observed at the field were generally parked .in
front of the twohangars :gin} the northwestern corner of -the field. 1-41
' `?ddi ion to Jh'3 hangar s, -a (:~4io-sj f.Iory flight control u hld ng, a r): `.~ ck
: , 1 ` . 2 : ' u c i ; v r e ?.S:1Oll y 20 x 3 meters: a(*,-. :ra ? 1oc ?C' ` e . t : `t .tt . ?? i
1l~ r it W3 ? to b'e en i ?t i r,ETd . E fight; air 9 r ii win-engisne air craft of two 'tyRe s
,:taro zic: r 1.s."- St^. toned at the field. The firs' iy 2cd 'sr'rio radial 63igii e:
a nose wheel and a iait ,landing gear which x etr4 ctablte backward into situ the second was a, normal DC-3 ty- -1
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Durir? ,'arch or ?1'il ' J ttis e-Cf
Z 9tE.tior r high rtticclr'3 zi.d ,pe c? LI as i ttt ?C3y}i";: v? t ho k~i ng b''ts.C
t'ff nu.':wc pt?-back. crossed X~. 'i11c. -..t>l~.
ki. --z~k P G +.aix9ed at l:al
c
1J 't c _ i, ? to a 3'f o i".:n.me, took off., Si aI-'io- of, a-l rcrax , c+erE
not observed at the fi3i_c: -Kr
to Jt ? 1953. t is pnsc ..b :
+3-t ad:?tiora3 tY,r.*mJ -L airc a I? .C.t :Zr; erIed7`J e .?'?"C:r'rg at.o/.
G.
1..;~' v L@.i 3 praoticc f .. e'ts c.U(-' t.hfi xie ' . a;j:?=CYt-c , the a `v-rc af , isC'rG
not sta.,- i Onaeo -there. Air act:i v J.- at i c; field w'ac _ pear? nt_s.v co n:''d^vc.: ,e 1
by t",:s ?_ . i;,ai:-y :::' ItlsNt?r' S ,. o p"c.J".'acnns1 &I FY's
,.ea1n at the field except for ,so:no. pi1L:'' :''enii: 1_T?.v :L A n ~'.
% J^3g : l i?. +/ r S t,' z CTC,1 air t. C
_.e_~'::o } ,k critiy ~ my i12 ~:t'i ~F,.., . a.iO-l:i :!?':.'?'. '~.?4i.kL~'I _. "' ?' e e~
1? Be'...uceii 'li3y and 111mro be?c i r! 5C dd~. y^ y
? J C'c ..r..tIN3? E:..l,r 'jJ.::'t q2., nSy^Yli ~7 Z'Oz:~`NG
1ii l,h p~_ LC?2 engines , tSIP_I .l a,- ; with dor'b.le 3:"v'dder asseffL'b1:..os,
,:i the Mr;-11o, sSe':rt` s aoi? ..,.t I-Jor' field east o '? f :ii.C,. _ rat
ihf3 A .':c } 1r 5iex-e still see'.. from the -, X Camp i e date.
CU 2tJ_-n) a11;j rscl erg 'r :.f 0i.te -1-0,52. u'~Y!g 1953,
only
~ssa _-ti.g It.i ae a w's~?^?.i'ife iXl .x g k c,ta f~ ? ~;` r ~.. '.."
t ,~O e )i e_ z ed s.~ tae F?i ~
3:.roe ox?IZ?r tit an ,i'4'i.'tttL'3 of 50 '.c 60 e..I.Amb' niI east of vt?.e
;oii'_ afgar the taIm-off, The , a- ding gear wat-, 'thee a1read retracted. _ o 'r atio-i flights, e tti?.
0. ff'
-the S~ ,~ t? at short 8i1. C::.' `. i3....~
s? l 's %.han I ninJv ;o. X:Idi, is Ja..t and fo atto'of of 'uta to ~'7
air3i'af-(, u.-e- it i, .de. The 1."Itel-Va:{. :'N: ?
C;-' ..> tr=..YiC':} v":G'i;i?:et.:l .v`i?. -.?!'1:L?'3.G,ll..l.
a:ll'^.:raf t of a. 3:'t?? ma':...can a.s 2 tri _'n f:i' ?`:a,ns a ,d 2 Or
"raf
?espec t..i =ely. _14 add-i tjos to _..so i.( V1CluaL
b .planes were seen lying at. th fiend.
?.7I?i?_.t^ .~ ;a ~':'sC?' s .s :s2?l2"1E3:i' 0_: .S ~ ~:.. ,. The
c..:..:i:
-cLi was t'?One.liwot1; " iYj7enei 4' .: Ssi~te_rYber 1, 53. ..+.
did not :'1y every day. They s1 a3,~ ap:rc*ached from the eest-'sOLlv::etlsl:
and also departed in the same d'3 rection,: From the direction of approach
it was -i referred that the aircraft wero utat.ioned at the sane airfield
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CONS ID N IAJ,
as the twin-engine piston aircraft. The jet aircraft usually flew in
elements of two or flights of three and seldom at altitudes lower than
1,.0oo meters and also occasionally at high altitudes chile developing
vapor trails. When flying in formation, the interval and distance
between the individual aircraft was most usually several wingspans and
aircraft lengths. Inci-ideal twin-jet aircraft were observed flying at
highh altitudes and definitely seen developing 2 vapor trails.
'. The first single-jet, aircraft were observed flying at very high altitudes
over Pervo - i:calsk in the summer of 1952. A single.-jet plane was once
observed flying at an a1 t.itude of about 300 meters toward Sverdlovsk
srhen the weather w=a, very bad. The approach direction of the jet
aircraft flying at high altitudes could not be definitely identified.
The aircraft, had considerable swept-back wings. In the spring of 1953,
a formation cons :.sting of 2 flights of twin-engine aircraft with piston
engines and double rudder a scdnb1ies crossed over t'ervo-Uralsk at an
altitude of 20C to 300 zrs;:ters, aagarently coming from Sverdlovvsk. 7
addition to these aircraft, twin-onglne c:errreicial D'4*-3s and another
twin-engine piston aircraft with considerably, long nose compartment
and a slightly higher speed than the, DC-3 were seen over Pervo--Ura sk.
15.. Be ttireon 1 ay and Wuicmber 1950, cowmercial aircraft were daily seen flying
over the airfield in the vicinity of izI ne-.;? setski. tlfte.?r the take-off,'
the landing gears were being retracted over the PW camp., The commercial
aircraft, flow also in very bad weather ::=hen Lhe ceiling was low and
Visibility poor, and at night. Almost every,, night, the obstacle lights
on the smokestacks, of the Ural-Mash Plant, a machire factory in Nishne_.
-.isetskI, were on F The aircraft employed were L.i-2s and II-12s. `!'he same
tyrae aircraft were obser red from the RTI camp flying at the field up
to Sep iember 1953. During 1953, mostly I1-12s were used. During the
period, i rom t. ,y to November 1950, twin-engine ground attack aircraft
with double rudder assemblies and in-line engines were also seen taking
of~ from the field. This type aircraft was also observed flying apparently
at Nizhnc--Ise,ski. airfield up to Septet ber 1953
16. The fir. s t jet aircraft appeared over Sverdlovsk apps ox .mately at the
i girt;ag of 19.52. The aircraft appeared to have taken off from Nizhne-
--Isetald airfield and were first seen flying individually. In 1952,
air activity by :set aircraft was considerably intensified. During the
lase Period of observation in 195 , the aircraft usually flow in elements
of two and often in formations of Sap to 5, usually a6, altitudes over
1 000 meters. In formations, the aircraft flea overlapping turns while
the interval, and distances between the individual e rcraft increased.
Two or throe times in 1953, two i-wi_n-?jet aircraft were seen flying at
L7e'y high altitudes over Sverdlovsk. Twin-jet aircraft were, never seen
fl .,,ring a. t low., altitudes over Sverdlovsk .or in unfavorable weather or
at night.
17. Be'6ween ri d- Jung and ?.ate September 1953, air activity was observed
from the 71'I camp in Sverdlovsk.. The aircraft apparently took off from
an air field several ]C lometers southeast of Sverdlovsk. Ocher F stated
that two airfields were located close to each other along a highway
southeast of the town. Si ng1e-_ jet aircraft with swep. Eck wings were
ca-an almost dai:l.y' f ng thdividuo .ly and in formations of two or ''three,
mostly at usediiu altitudes and sometimes at high altitudes. The same
type aircraft flying in fora at~.ons of 5 and 9 were also seen from
Der; tt iris (56x?42' N/6o ?O7 t E) between April and June 1953. Aircraft
amproached from and departed toward Sverdlovsk. T;,rin--jet aircraft, wings
with straight leading edges, were also seen flying over Sverdlovsk
almost every day but these were leas in number than the single-jet
aircraft. in addition to the military air activity, commercial aircraft,
were daily seen flying at the field. On 19 August 1953, 30 to 40 twin-
-engine aircraft, similar to the, Il 12, individually headed west over
Sverdlovsk at intervals of 5 U -20 mites. No four -engine aircraft worn
observed over Sverdlovsk.
CCYWIDEETI &
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18. Between June and late September 1953, air activity by, military and
commercial aircraft was observed over an airfield 8 to 10 km southeast
of the RTI camp in Sverdlovsk. Throughout the day, twin-engine aircraft
took off 8 to It times from the field and headed northwest over Sverdlovsk.
Aircraft of the same type, apparently commercial planes, were also seen
approaching the field from the northwest. Single-.jet aircraft with
swept-back wings flew individually and in formations of up to 8 mostly
at al tildes of between 1.,500 and 2,000 meters, coming from the
presumed airfield southeast of Sverdlovsk, where they took off in
elements of two at intervals of 1 to 2 minutes. After a flight time
of 10 to 15 minutes and of 20 to 30 minutes respectively the Individual
aircraft and fornations returned in the direction of the airfield and
apparently landed there after considerably loosing altitude. About
once a week, a formation of 6 to 8 twin.engino aircraft vi.th piston
engines crossed over Sverdlovsk. From noises heard it was inferred that
aircraft with piston engines and Jet aircraft flew at night. Twin-jet
aircraft were never observed.
1.9. Between kay 1950 and September 1953, twin-sngane aircraft with piston
engines and single-jet aircraft .wore seen dying over %. ,erdlovsk in
addition to the air activity from the airfield near the RTI Rubber
Factory. The jet aircraft which were observed comparatively seldom
were designated as ?41C-15s by the MI sentries.
20. From early 1953 to September 1953, 10 to 12 twin-engine aircraft were
daily seen crossing over the Pit camp in Pervomaika which is located between
Per vo-vU_'a1ck (56?55' iN/59?56 T E) and Revda (56048'1090561E). The
aircraft approached and headed toward Sverdlovsk. "Prom the beginning
of August to mid-August, a total of about 20 r ircraf-t, we;. a daily seen
flying in both directions. After mid-August, air activity was reduced.
No four-engine aircraft were observed.
21. For the first tine in August or September 1952, Soviet workers stated
that a new.- y airfield was intended to be construc tad south of
Degtya.: ka. Beginning in the fall of 1952, engineers were
allegedly emp._oyed. Groups o 10 to 30 workers were repeatedly seen in
the Degtyarka area. The Soviets also said that construction work on a
radio installation for the airfield was started in September 1952.
Engineer details were seen working 250 to 300 motors north of the
hriclyd. The type of the construction project could not be determined
by la March 1953. 5
22. Daring the spring of 1953, about 20 Ws were assignmi to construction work
on a retaining dam southeast of Degtyarrka.P About 2 days after the
beginning of work. air force offfbr s appeared allegedly coming from
Sverdlovsk and ordered that the FWs be replaced by civilian workers.
too, th of the retaining dam and cast of Degtyarka Y ras another construction
site where only civilian workers were employed, _apparently on the
construction of a radio installation or radar station. While marching
along this site, the MVD guards tried to -hinder the Na from observing
the area, The following construction projects were located oast of
Degtya.rlaa:
"act la On a long bare hill about 800 meters southeast of a road fork
near F Camp 6118/9, about 1,000 meters southeast of a lake, near a foot
path leading over the hill. The site covered an area of about 200 .; ,00
meters. There were 1 wooden tower with an antenna, 1 hexagonal wooden
structu.zre; and 6 to 8 M gun emplacements. The wooden tower was about
15 meters high and 5 to 6 raster a in diameter. It tapered three times
and had a platform on top with a 4 to 5 maters high rod antenna. The
hexago:.l wooden structure had large glass windows on all sides thus
permitting a good view on the surrounding area. The 6 to 8 AA gun emplacements
were interconnected by communication trenches and were covered with
camouflage nets. Each emplacement was 6 to 8 meters in diameter and
surrounded by an embankment. The AA gun emplacements were not occupied
up to June 1953. The area was surrounded by a barbed wire fence and
off-lieu t signs were posted.
COLT- IDEPTIAL,
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th,Js ct A 15-meter-high :iocden tower with an antenna located on a
ails About 1,200 meters southeast of Object 1
o It covered an ai.~ea abou .150 meters sgi c.re at the nor thorn c:ige
of a hill about 200 meters east of the railroad line and 1,200 to 1,410C
iieters south of Object 1. There were I wooden towear, several earth
bunkers, and. 1 concrete building with a concrete r?cof, referred to
bq Sov .et ! o-kers az 'machine house" The wooden toi'Ter was near Object 1.
1"he roofs of the bunkers were covered with earth and bushes. No ma.ch3r::713
ware seen arriving at the concrete bul.lding. Mtertoy 195.3 ; the
: n;;tallation was occupied by about 50 it force soldier-, who were
apparently assigned guard duty. Eight to 10 officers ranking up to
r.antain were seen in the area after May 1953.
1d
1. ~' ? ` _
reining {.541.1, C~-LVw~f 10 31' hi.g 9 w Ae bvc S.F,11istILr \~.4?!- 4
WC ~ et .~~s ~ ~~. Jt. .y i91~.~ VJ
acx?oss a river bed /400 to 500 maters southeast of 0?e jec t 3. SoutthG,es c
t i3 dam aons'+ruct on, work was to be done or a machine a&J
wi on .ihi eh s to supply the or t he Sit, j ac f,s =its electric current.
In late.I$ay -?953, trick cables were heirs laid in cable c::.tches f rc::
eject 4 to Object 3. Additions], ditches probabl-;r for cables were ~_ ; o
tllu between the cthor objects. C
u'~ I
~. 5+ ?0?n. y T..,'9y 1951 and r;'~V... ' 3~V ~.L . T s1~.v ._ A'.-.J9~C.a a r`~a .Ly and
~
: csV ccly ~Jy~~ C'~..y :,.:,
.. 1v*& W :a T?' :i Y..
~ y fondly e(: by aa.rC::'af?'; over `s rail aJ..: cra ; flying at a higher speed we ^e occras ono seen f' e~ a
distance,. These aircraft were not jet p.lanez. i evi3e `1 1952 end c'i7zC-,
953, 3 mull --story barracks buildingo, czch, 70 : 20 meters, with p t?b1e
roofs c:'. slag concrete were observed about 200 meters west cf the PU
:..:yip in Pervcmike. The buildings were occupied by troop; in Juno
Humors had it that the troops were the advarce do to i l of a division
?ea:dquar'ers, In June and July 1953, several. officers surveyed i art .
of the IV caf::p and inspected some rov.:is. These officers all e edleb;
s:Lortgel to the advance detail- and had the mission pro ar the
over of the camp by troops.
Cc erne. For layout sketch of a:trfi el.d no-%t_hwcqt of SCE)
--il x
25X1 25X1
Cq5- at. For sketch of airfield east of IFi.ziiao.-Isetoki, sea Pm..-iox 2, '
c.: n ai. 25X1
the available information on air activity over Sverdl ovek arx t
_-ver the airfields southeast of the tcim its: case that two airfields
-E located in trey triangle formed by Nigh na-- sclv.tA , lsxasril and 1a1. 25X1
'stole. The northern field is located at EO050 qE 1e~e'/ .130"N, i.e. 1.5
arther north than entered on Us&f Target Cor ple x Ch", t Series 100,
"c
1870, dated October 1949. The other air airfield is located farther south
along the Sverdlovsk--.Aroma? l road. its pin-point Iowa Lion- could not ix
e Gt Wined. 25X1
The northern airfield was Improved in .1947 and 19:3 with the hdp of Ccr an
F
. it served as co ierci.al a r.field of Sverdlovsk and,
had been occupied by a
:.:;hear unit from 1947 to October 191 (the, end of the period of observation).
th
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.1:&
at time, the fighter unit had still been equip ed with piston or-in.::.r raft. In the spring of 1949, observed jet fighters
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the field. Front the reported directions of approach and departure of the
;; ct fighters flying over Sverdlovsk It is assumed that the aircraft -sere
nt an a zouti~it~:as t o S''vwt c :." v } ;._ . ikie ra ,ea t 4.
')oservation of jot fighters it appears imprebable that the aircraft were
otationed at a reyiote airfield. Therefore It is assumed that the airfield
oouthftst of Sverdlovsk 1ras still occupied by a fighter unit during the
period of observation up to September 1953. The southern airfield is
pro bly occupied by an air unit or school equipped w'rith Tu-2s or PP-2s,
a transport unit, and several c iercial aircraft.
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CCNFIDE;TIAI
5.. 1Conanen . This is the first information on the construction of an
airfield south of Degtyarka. The work probaly refers to the construction
The rumor on the construction of an airfield was possibly
based on the observation of air force personnel.
6.
c cert. For location sketch of construction projects, see tlnnex 3.
The construction sites presumably belong to an unidentified air force
installation, possibly in the framework of air defense. The special
importance of the installation is supported by the observation that
P+1s were replaced by civilian workers and that Ns were hindered
by MVVD guards from observing the ccnstruction sites.
COUIDEP;TIAL
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CONFIDLiaMtI.
rout Sketch of
Legend
-1 T'.-,;o concrete huiidings,with camouflage paint,
five--str* y s-tru Lures probably barracks buildin
2 Small dwelling houses, probably officers billets
3 Administration building
4 10 to 12 gray-green tents
5 Han3wr
0 Several single-engine and twin engine
7 1hui aay
Airfield Northwest of Aramil
i/LWL9L0vc/?
aircraft
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ell
(1)
For legend, see next page
V 1J1i.1 l U vl a .~rWr
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46-
0t
` y
5-0 f-'- ~~?''3 A-
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Location Sk h,4f Airf l_" East o Nizhne-Isetski
Le?e
I Airfield
2 Coniferous woods
3 Ural-Khim Zavod, chemical plant
4 Newly built transforn;er station
5 Presumed course of railroad line to TyLlmen
6 Sverdlovsk-Chelyabinsk main road
7 Fenced-in area with bunkers
8 Raney, about 1,5 km long
G Two corrugated sheet metal hangars
iC Flight control station
11 Distribution hall
12 Buildirg housing workshops
13 High-tension line, further course not known
CONFIDENTIAL
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..13.. Amex 3
Force Cons-biniction Sit es Hear De ;tyarka
For 1 erend,., see next page,
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Air Force Construct on Sites Near Daekm : ka
1 Waterworks
2 PW C2.mp No 6118/9
3 Club
4 A1-cltude point, 376 (sic) over NN
5 Line and cement works
6 Retaining dam
7 Object No 4
8 Object No 3
9 Cable ditches
10 Object No 2
11 Object No 1
12 Altitude point 860 (sic) over NN
13 AA gun emplacements
14 Copper shafts
15 high moors
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