DESCRIPTION OF SOVIET ACTIVITIES AND EQUIPMENT AT ZAVOD 393

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00810A000900730002-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 9
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 16, 2009
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: May 11, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORM~~?I~JN REPaR~~
SEC iZET
SECI)RIT'~ INFORMATION
couNTR~ USSR (~~oscow Qblast}
F INFO.
Y~escription of Soviet Activities
and Equipment at Zavad 393
ARMY ev 1G NAVY
THE SOURCE EVALUATIONS IN THIS REPORT ARE DEFINITIVE.
THE APPRAISAL Of CONTENT IS TENTATIVE.
(fOR KEY SEE REVERSE)
staffed labaratoryQ
le Zavod 3g3e This plant is located
at a~small town called Rx?asnogorslt N ly E3719)~?a few kilometers from
Moscow, ~~ in the mechanical design section9 the services of which
'were farmed out to- any sects:, xteeding them, ~ chief was Ingo
Junge~ and the section head `Inge Hermann Schrumpf,
2e the design of a so-called Iloridation overall for
the processing of PbS photocells, These cells were developed in the lab-
oratory of Px?of ~, T3r. Paul Goerlich at ~avod 393 y (S~rrki) v . ~r a i~c~erlich 9 who led
this groups is now at Zeiss in Jena, Working under Drb Uoer]a.ch were Drq
Alfred Grass and,IIr. Paul Gensweine These two physicists are now a],.uQ
locateel at Zeiss in Jena, There was also a Miss Heine, who married Dra
Goerlich, There were two glass blowers in the group, a. Werner Hartmann.
and one Vandenherzp There was a second laboratory parallel to that of
I~?, Goerl3.ch~ which was staffed by Soviets9 and no Germans were allowed.
in itm The Soviet heading this laboratory was Ncv3.tsldye'- T~e? works paralle~.ed
that of I?rb Goerlichfs laboratory in that a device developed to a certain
point in the laboratory of I}rn Goerliehr was then passed on to the Soviet
X AIR _ X fBl
(Note?. Washington ~,Dittribution Indicated By "X"; Field Ditfril>ution By "#".)
This Document contains information affecting the Na-
tional Defense of tha United Ststes, within the mean-
ing of Title 18, Sections 793 and 794, of the U.S. Code, as
amended. Its transmission or revelation of its contents
Lo or receipt by an unauthorized person is prohibited
by law. The reproduction of this form is prohibited.
REPORT
DATE DISTR. 11 May 1953
NO. OF PAGES
REQUIREMENT NO.
REFERENCES
AEC
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Among other things Dr .. GOERLICH was engaged .in was the develop:-.:._~
ment of PbS cells. .Apparently he had received .orders to build
an "oxi~:ation oven" fr~r the processi~ig of these -cells a,nd he asked r
Ing, SCHRUMPF to help $~.iae
the development of an oven.
The over-all. .dimensions of the oven were to be 60 by 50 by ~+0 cm.
and it-Was to contain~l2 compartments arrs,nged in six pairs,
and each pair was to have a separate heating and .temperature
control, equipment. Doors were to be at ~,eh end so that the PbS
cells could be inserted at one end and taken c5ut at the other..
It was intended .that it should be possible to reach a temperature
of 800?C to all compartments within 30 minutes' at which time
the electrical .heating current was to be automatical~~.y,eut off and
the temperature was then to drop to room temperature within the
next 60 minutes. There was to be one Cu-Constantan thereto-couple
with .a hard-glass hot junction. insulation and .a .contact milli-
voltmeter for each pair of compartments. There were to be six
:ceramic supported heating elements, one for each pair of com-
partmerits~ The oven bras designed to operate with a.current of
7.5 amperes This
protoL~pe oven wad, however, never completed due to the lack of
necessex artso
.completed .only one pair
of cp3npartments~ with. the exception of-the heating element, the
cerami.~ supports of ?which were nqt available, when the en'~ire
prv~eet was taken vve~ by the Soviet counterpart laboratory. C
this oven was to be a prototype for the manu-
#`actur~ of other similar ovens _
From tY~.e specifications it would .seem that about ~+8 PbS photo-
cells.COUId have been processed per day per oven, no
pr4duc~ion of the PbS hotocells which Dr. GOERLICH's group were
develgping;. these PbS
cells were be g. es dried for an infra-red .guidance system for
rgcket~.
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25X1
~ 25X1
~> an anti-~ 25X1
aircraft rocket development programs particularly guidance
development '~rorl~y wa,s being .conducted at Sorkin One Otto .RI'ITER
reevnstructecl at Sorki the ol.d World.War II development of the
Zeiss Jenar `"JU~'O"; RITTIR is near (1953) at Zeiss,. Jena. For
this de~relc~ment at ,Sibrkiy very .high speed..electrie motors .were
des i~gned ' far use in the. USSR .'"JC~O" q An Ing 6 Gerhardt LENSKI,
w~,a~~ia sti11, _~t..Sorki, had ,knowledge on this sub,~ect and .is .now
working ~.n the .~lectrvtechnical Laborator at Svrki.
An Ingq Paul BI,i~+tE, is also. employed in the Electrv-
technical L~bora;te~ry and .a Dips., Ing p . ERI~ARD .is chief of the
laboratoryo
.Another dev~:ce w~arked.an at Sorki was a modification of the
Zeiss, Jena. COMMAND SET ~+5o At SQrki,, only a rudimentary
form of this device ws,s undertaken The design for set ~+5
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had been completed in Jena in 19~.~., and was to have been part of a,~ advanced
type of fire control equipment. The equipment designed at Sorki was far use
v~.t~ unfused antiaircraft projectiles, since there was no provision for tkie
introduction of ark ballistic data into the device. It was a very conven-
tional and relatively rudimentary farm of a::lead~aompt~t~;.ng~. device":~ .,It ~.wa,s
of ~th~ angular travel type of. computer with no arrangement for'. the incor-
potation of any parallax correction. It could be traversed 360 degrees,
elevated 90 degrees,-and depressed 10 degrees. -The data were transmitted
to the gun by an`AC synchronous motor pair
A stereoscopic range finder was incorporated. in the
device. Four operators were necessary for its operation. The .first op-
erator took care of the azimuth tracking telescope while the second was
in charge of the elevation tracking scopes' ~`he third operated the range
.finder, while the fourth, who served as the team leader, introduced the
changing range figures into the device,- the de-
vice would be practically useless in modern warfare with plane speeds be-
ing what they are. One~of these command sets was completed at Sorki and
Sias to be used as a prototype for the production of others
charge of this project,
6.
Ing. Junge was in
the development of a so-called taumeter, which was a de-.
v?i.ce to measure the response time of the PbS cells, which were presumably
to be put into production, ~ee page ,~, which is a schematic diagram of
dais apparatus while on page 8 is the detailed drawing of item !~ of the
diagram on-page ~.
This taumeter was almost
an exact copy o~ a similar device, built by Dr. Tolstor, a Soviet physi~~
moist in Moscow, who had been working on infrared photocells,
7. Among:. .the m3.nor projects at Sorki was the develap-
ment~bf-an aerial photographic negative print device for distortion oar-
rection, which presented-no new features and worked on the well-known
principle,: of print paper inclination for the correction of some of the
distortion. In Schram was in char a of this ro ect
Ing. Schrumpf on. the design of a ?tDiap~ometer01, a device for the meas-
. urement of the radius- of curvature of spherical or cylindrical surfaces.
This instr~.ment was practically a-copy of existin deli ns of lens measures
or 'the Geneva gauge.- Other projects were the
design ?of a device to prevent double exposures. with the commercial; photo-
graphic+ shutters, manufactured at Sorki, and the develo eat of a mota.on
picture camera theodolite.
~ A large part of the'Sorki plant was given over to the
:production of commercial cameras, which. were practically copies of exist-
ing Zeica and Contax models. A small number of inexpensive commercial
cameras were also produced, but no production was planned
-The plant. was also producing copies of aerial cameras
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The carious Soviet inspeotion parties were in oivili~,n olothing,
or, in Soviet Air Foroe o~'~ioers uniforms. 4eneral NIKCLAYEV,
t~hie~' uY' the designing~seotion o~ military equipment, maintained
an mF~ioe at the la
~ (members of the un-
organixmd group whioh tended to resist the id eoiogical pree-~
~uo~a whioh woae~ always present. In JUNQE was alsa a member
o~ this to?sesy de~'ined group. Dr. t~ENSWEIN and
-25X1
Ing. JUNCE are de~'initely anti-oommun,s o I~ 25X1
Prot'. 4~nERLIC~i ~ s leanings, but he may not
look with tc~o mush dist'avor on the Sov ets. t;?OERLICH kept
hi~asel!` more or less aloof' from the rest off' the i~ermane:
ibis position demanded a f'a,irly olose assooiation with the
Soviets and he deliberates i'ostered an air off' ineoruta>
'bilit
In June of 195, Ing. 3CHRUMPF
rr~urnec~ to Zeiss, Jena, at whioh time a reorganization of
the "~131~messung" (plate or p3.eture mea?i.ng) department occurred.
~ none of the devioes or de-signs ~
er at Bork or a ter the war at Ziees Jena,
ar+~ ~~` re~vc~~.ut3~onary importanoe, and that the ideas and
de~si:gns aye entirely oonventional and in some reepeote even
~autdated.
Page 5 -~ D3.agr~n As: i9ahematio niagram of 'tau-Meter
Page .8 '.~ Diagram Bey Char~g,eable ~is~t
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_.. 7
Legend for- Diagram .~,..
1. A 12 or 2~ volt AC projection lamp, :~.Llament, helix: dia.
~f wire, 0.9 min; length of helix, 7 mm~ Lamp is ad,~uata.l~le
in three mutually perpendicular directj.ons.
p-
Condensing ..lens, adjustable axially. Focal lengtkz ~~~-.~~.~~..~
tc~ ?5 mm ,.
~;. Rotatable disk with twa slits 180? rpposed. T)~.~n{=~nsi.ar;~~
0.1 "by ~ mm .and 0.3 by ~+ mm. Either may be pos tt~a~on`~