ECONOMIC - COAL, COKE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700210252-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 14, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 10, 2002
• Sequence Number: 252
• Publication Date: March 31, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

Approved For Release 2002/08/06 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000700210252-4
COUNTRY
SUBJECT
HOW
PUBLISHED
WHERE
PUBLISHED
DATE
PUBLISHED
LANGUAGE
CLASSIFICATION CONFIDSNTTAL
CENTRAL INTELLIGE CEIAGENCY ION
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS
Economic - Coal, coke
Monthly pei iodi.cals
Moscow
Jun, Dec 1952
THIS DOCUN[NT CONTAINS INFONNATION A//[CTINA INI NATIONAL 0II[NSI
CF THE UNITED STAY!! WITHIN TIE ATONING 01 IS FIONAf[ ACT !0
U. ! C.. 31 AND )l, A! ATENDID ITS T-321-0. ON TNN AIY(LATION
0F ITS COST/NT! IN III YANNIN To AN ONAYIOONIT[D ![ICON IN .. 0.
nulTtD ^I LAN. Nn[ooucrION DI TNU TONY IN rNONmnD
25X1A
REPORT NO.
CD NO.
DATE OF
DATE DIST. 31 Mar 1953
NO. OF PAGES 4
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
CLLAIiITIv, 3TORA,E, ArdD TITILIZATION
OF 1.I3SR COALS SUITABLE FOR COKING
CCAL CLEANIr:.i PROVIDE'S MORE RAW MATERIAL, FOR COKING -- Moscow, Ugol;, No 6, Jun 52
in the nest 5 years coke by-products plants in the southern part of the
USSR have,ch1evtd great success in extending supplies of coal suitable for cok-
ing. To this end the composition of coal Thanes has been radically changed.
In 1933, the charges contained an average of 0.1 percent of gas coal; in 1940,
7.5 percent; and Ln 1951, 15.1 g rcent. During 1951, lean coal. was introduced
into the charge in the Novo-Makeyev,a, Sinolyaninovskiy, Mushketovskiy, Kramatorsk,
and Khanzhenkovsu y plants
The Main Admini.?traticn of Coke, the South. Office of the Main Administration
of Coke, and scientific instit,uti:ns of the USSR have cooperated with the coke
by-products plants in an effort t:o draw upon new r_ouls for coking, taking into
zonsideration the correct composition of the charge and the continual improvement
in the quality of the coke both in chemical composition and in mechanical prop-
ert[r:s. Experiments have indicated that it is possible to increase the propor-
tion of gas coal used In a coking charge and to utilize lean coal with a low sulfur
cone nt (less than 1,i percent) and long-flame cool with a medium sulfur content
less than 2. - verse-t.l At present, ire amountj ncoal which would be valu-
tlr, far coking are nOt b_ing sent to coal-cleaning plants simply because they
ore dif!icult to elenr Exa.mple_ of th.s are coral from Vas.cl,yevskaya Mine No 4
and Vasil `vevskn-cr: Mire ;an 6 of the Bog:urnyevugoi' Trust, Kapital'naya Solna
,I; n' O f the Ya
h_ Sovet.::ln/FOl' Trust, Severo-Gundorovskaya Mire of the RostovTlgol.' Com-
bine- , and froar: Mire rro 18 of the frnenodcnugol' Trust..
cos1, from another large group of mine:: have properties which would make
them :,uitab.l.e for coking but not only is their ash content high but they also
coned:tt up to. 4-I, r--:cent of ul.fur Such coals: can be used for coking only if
Eti.ven it preliminary cleaning to remove the ash and the sulfur This will make
IT. Imssible to eliminate the harmful activity of the mineral kernels on the
mechanical properties of the blast furnace coke and will contribute towards the
mnintenonce of the former level of productivity of the blast furnaces and the
former level of consumption of coke and flux ; sr ton of pig, iron,
ILLEGIB
Approved For Release 2002/08/06 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000700210252-4
 Approved For Release 2002/08/06 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000700210252-4
25X1A
D
Coal ash is of two different types (1) free or external ash which has
come from the roof, floor, or layers of rock, and (2) ash which is closely
bound up in the organic mass of the coal. The former type is more harmful
since it forms the nucleus for cracks in the coke.. However, this type of ash
is easily removed by mechanical cleaning and there is no need of deep clean-
ing:.
If the sulfur content has to be reduced simultaneously with the ash, then
deep cleaning is required- fT-h:Ls coal-cleaning method depends on the fact that
the constituents of coal have different specific gravities. A solution with an
intermediate specific gravity is selected and the coal is immersed in it; where-
upon, the heavier substances sink and the lighter substances rise to the sur-
face_7 Experiments in cleaning were conducted at the following specific grav-
it;ear. 1.8, 1. ,6, 1.5, 1..1+, and 1.3. It was discovered that the amount of sulfur
eliminated increased with each decrease in the specific gravity.. At the same
time., the amount of concentrate to be used for coking purposes decreased. How-
ever, this was compensated for an increase in the amount of residue that could
be used for fuel purposes.
The coal selected for the experiments had a sulfur content ranging from 4
to 6.68 percent. In all cases, it was either Type K or Type PZh coal. Type K
coal came from the following mines;: Mine No 178, Ovcharnyy seam; Stall Mine No
5, Bulatovskiy seams and Mine No 68, Solenyy seam. Type PZh coal came from
Nikitovka Mine No 6-'i, Kirpichevka seam; Gorlovka Mine No 40, Yuzhnaya Arshinka
seam; and Mine No 134, J, Kamenskiy seam. -- Ya, M. Cbukhovskiy
Coal from the Ki.zel basin is characterized by its valuable coking proper-
ties and by a high yield of gas and chemical by-products evolved in the process
of coking. However, the use of Kizel coal for coking requires preliminary clean-
tng. From run-of-the mine coal, with an ash content of 21.5 percent and a sulfur
content of 58 percent, 62-71 percent of ccncentrate can be obtained with an ash
content of 10-11 percent and a sulfur content of 3.2-3.3 percent.. The phosphorus
content of rum-of-the mine coal is slight, ranging from 0.007-0.012 percent. It
is bound up with the mineral part of the zoal and separates out completely during
the clean'.,g process although traces of it are usually detected in the concentrate.
Nonferrous metallurgy and the then ical industry are the chief consumers of
Ktzel coal. Plans are under way to Jr-velum the cleaning of this coal and, when
that has been done, the coke by-products industry of the Urals will undoubtedly
become its largest consumer. In nonferrous metallurgy, coke is used mainly for
water-,jacket smelting of nickel and cohr.r.
This type of coke may differ from nlast furnace coke in the following re-
spect.
I . In vater-ja.:ket smelting a suifirization cf' the ores takes place and
c:.eequently the reztrict:.on in the suifu-r ccnteru of the coke drops. In addi-
tion to the sulfur in the coke, from 1 2 to 1 8 percent of sulfur is introduced
in the r?harg(- (in prop'rt.ion to the ore) In the form of sulfur-containing fluxes
(pyrite, gypsum), For the complete elimination of sulfur-containing fluxes the
rsUlfut content in the coke can he brought to 6 7 percent.
2: In water- ja(-ket smelting less consumption of coke is required in com-
parison with other raw ntterials than in blae.t furnace smelting,
3. The toughness of the coke tatty be loser since the water-jacket. furnace
is several times smaller In dimensions than the blast. furnace,
Approved For Release 2002/08/06 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000700210252-4
ILLEGIB
 Approved For Release 2002/08/06 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000700210252-4
25X1A
4. The temperature for the process of water-jacket smelting is considerably
lower than for the blast furnace method and this permits the utilization of less
tough coke.
5. Since less coke is consumed in water-jacket smelting there is less need
of restricting the ash content of the coke than in the case of a blast furnace.
With the normal operation of the furnaces on Gubakhinski y coke flrom Gubakhin-
skiy Plant located in Molotovskaya Oblast] the content of monoxide in the gas
yield may be lowered to 2-3 percent and, when operating on Kemerovo and Donets
coke, it may be reduced to 5-6 percent. Thus the Gubakhinskiy coke burns with
better utilizaton of its calorific value because of its greater firmness and
smaller number of pores. This explains the fact that after the conversion of
the water-jacket furnaces to operation on Gubakhinskiy coke with its higher ash
content, the consumption of it (in percent of the charge) did not increase in
comparison with the consumption of Kemerovo or Donets coke with their lower
ash content. Gubakhinskty coke contains a rather high amount of sulfur, up to
3 percent, which decreases the consumption of sulfur-containing flux used in
smelting oxidized nickel ores, This permits a reduction of almost 50 percent
in the consumption of gypsum (from 10-11 to 6-7 percent of the weight of the
raw ore)
Ural copper plant coke consumption for smelting copper ranges from 2.6 to
5.6 percent of the weight of the charge. The chief qualitative requirements
for coke used in the copper-smelting industry are that it should be well fused
and lacking in small particles. The latter reduce the gas permeability and
create unnecessary resistance for gases passing through the charge shaft, The
ash content of coke going to Ural copper plants is, at present, 16-17 percent.
Although Kizel coal cannot make up a 100-percent charge for a blast fur-
nace because of its high content of ash and sulfur, experiments conducted in
the Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Combine have indicated that up to 50 percent of
Kizel coal may be combined with other coals containing less ash and sulfur to
make a satisfactory blast furnace charge -- 0, F. Vaysberg
EXPERIMENTS IN STOFAiE OF COAL FOP. COF=-_N,_': -- Moscov, La Ecoromiyu Topliva,
No 6, Jun 52
Inefficient storage of coal brings about considerable losses in its coking
properties and, as a result, the quality of the metallurgical coke obtained from
such coal is impaired. In this connection, Et is seldom taken into account that
a change in the coking properties of the coal may occur before changes in its
Other properties are observed,
For economy and preservation of the quality Of coal it is necessary to
estab.'.ieh the best time limits for storing coal of different types. To this
end, industrial experiments were carried out in eastern coke by-products plants
using types of Suznet:k and Karaganda coal suitable for coking.
A study was made of the influ-ncc of the length of storage on the coking
properties of coal in the mechan.zed coal storage area of the Magnitogorsk
Metallurgical Plant and the ground i-toragc area: of the Chelyabinsk and Nizhne-
Tagil Fr':ants
In setting up the experimental t~i'_ec, areas were selected which were suit-
abie for dumping and for preserving the piles in their entirety. Each pile in
the mechanized storage area contained B,lO0-10.000 tons and each pile in the
ground storage area contained +,000-6,000 tone in both cases the piles were
Approved For Release 2002/08/06 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000700210252-4
ILLEGIB
 Approved For Release 2002/08/06 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000700210252-4
25X1A
60-100 meters long. Piles in the mechanized storage area were 22 meters
wide and 9-10 meters high while those in the ground storage areas were 10
meters wide and 4-6 meters high.
Observations indicated that the average diameter of the coal lumps de-
creased during storage and changes in the elementary composition of the 'coal
were observed, for most types of coal only after lengthy storage.. These
changes were slight except for G2 and KZh types of coal, as is indicated in
the following table:
Name of Mine and Coal
Pionerka, G2
Osinovskiy, Zhl
Storage Period C H 0
(days)
M
0 84.93 5.70 5.47
45 84.55 5.78 5.1'2
0 88.38 5.51 2.89
75 88,35 5.53 2.87
150 88.58 5.48 2.65
190 88.52 5.40 2.66
0 86.03 5.68 5.42
45 86.10 5.30 5.30
90 85.95 5.54 5.00
170 85,08 5,61 5.67
0
45
75
105
150
200
89.03 5.30 2.77
.89.12 5.06 3.27
88.52 5.29 3.75
88.57 5.18 3.87
88.64 5.21 3.58
88.38 5.06 3.64
0 89.64 4.88 2.56
45 89.73 5.07 2.46
95 89..62 4.87 2.59
200 88.77 4.96 2.66
Uncleaned Karaganda 0 87,20 5.39 5.12
coal 35 87:,22 5.27 5:12
50 87.53 5,25 5.43
The coking properties of coal are the least stable of its characteristics
during storage and loss of them is noticed much earlier than loss of other
qualitative characteristics of coal. Experiments were conducted to determine
how long coal could be kept in storage without deterioration of its coking
properties using K coal from the Mines imeni Molotov and Stalin, K2 coal from
Kiselevskiy Mine, KZh coal from Krasnogorekaya Mine, Zhl coal. from Osinovskiy
Mine, Zh2 coal from Baydayevskiy Mine, G2 coal from Pionerka Mine, and both
cleaned and unclaned Karagatda coal. As a result of these experiments, the
following time limits have been set: up a:3 mnct favorable for storage of Kuznetsk
and Karaganda coal.: G2 coal, not more than lz months; Zh.l coal, not more than 2
months; 1h2 coal, not more than 2 months, KZh coal, not more than 2 months; K
coal not more than :1I months., f.2 coal , not more than 14 months: cleaned Karaganda
coal, not more than one month; unoleaned Karaganda cc.al, not more than one month..
V.V. Bogoyavlen kiy, M. G. Fel.'dbri::, V. L. Kxol`, and Ye. A.. Khersonnkaya
Approved For Release 2002/08/06 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000700210
ILLEGIB