MILITARY-BORDER ACTIVITIES, TROOP MOVEMENTS POLITICAL-COMMUNIST ACTIVITIES, SUBVERSIVE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700210057-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 14, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 9, 2002
• Sequence Number: 57
• Publication Date: March 4, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

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Of
REPORT NO
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
Napel; Tibet; Sikkim; Bhutan; India; China DATE OF
25X1A
Military - Border activities, troop movements
Political - Communist activities, subversive
PUBLISHED Daily newspapers
WHERE
PUBLISHED Pakistan
DATE
PUBLISHED 4 Aug - 25 Oct 1952
CONFIDENTIAL
$0V 3 0 IS54
14AAA (F'DD
1 1 F . ATTECTIND I. NATIO..C ODr.N31
OF THE UNITED STATES. NITNIN TNCN(ANINO Al TITLE IS. SECTIONS 131
AIIO TIN. 01 INC U.S. COD.. AS ..ENO ED. ITS TNEN5NISSION ON NEON.
LOTION OP ITS CONTENTS TO ON RECEIPT NT AN U.UTN0.11[D PERSON IS
uvrunme uo4 tygz
DATE DIST.MA191953
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
CHINF.E AND NEPALESE COMMUNIST ACTIVITIES
ALONG THE INDIAN BORDER, AUGUST - OCTOBER 1952
fomment: The following information has been taken from
Pakistani Urdu newspapers for ther period 4 August - 25 O^--
tober 1952. It deals with Chinese C^--^n 3t military activ-
ities in Tibet and along the border areas of Afghanistan.
Bhutan, India, Nepal, Sikkim, and Tibet. It also deals with
Communist activities in Nepal.
Numbers in parentheses refer to appended sources-7
Chinese Communist Intentions in the Himalayan Region
A Darjeeling dispatch appearing in the 31 August issue of Tameer, and
Urdu daily newspaper published in Rawalpindi, revealed a plan regarding
Chinese Communist preparations tq occupy Bhutan, Nepal, and Sikkim) after
bringing the Himalayan border region between India and Afghanistan into the
Communist sphere of influence. It stated that reliable clues pointing to a
Communist scheme for the Himalayan region had been collected by an unidenti-
fied Chinese source fhereafter referred to as "the scurce_7, which had com-
plete knowledge of events going on in the western Himalayan area. The source
is reported by Tameer to have claimed that the Communists have shaped a de-
tailed plan whereby they could expand their influence into Bhutan and Sikkim,
and also into Nepal and Afghanistan, and then seize all these countries, An-
other ramification of the plan concerned the seizure of :ndi.z, the paper said.
According to the source, the paper said, the Chinese Communists have de-
cided to send 200,000-troops into Tibet so that they could completely over-
whelm the Himalayan borders of India. As soon as the Communists bring these
t.:oops into Tibet, Tameer continued, they plan to tell India that they have
deployed their military i orces out of Gyangtse and Baong and are maintaining
them along the bolder to protect the mails. Then, after gaining power in the
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frontier districts of India, the paper said, the Communists would endeavor to
expand along the Himalayen region from Afghanistan to Bhutan. This has been
considered the first step in the Communist enterprise to bring this "prize
group of countries" within the scope of Greater Asia, Tameer stated.
In giving the source's account of conditions in Tibet under the Commu-
nists, Tameer stated that the Chinese Communist army seized Tibet a year ago
but so far has been unable to occupy Tibet properly or adequately, and the
essential strength of the Communist elements in Tibet remains in their weapons.
These elements completely, direct the Dalai Lama and act as sentinels over him,
the paper continued. Either through the ambitious motives or the strong in-
fluence of the Chinese Communists, the Dalai Lama has not yet been sufficiently
groomed to assume the chairmanship of the military and administrative committee
set up by the Communists, Tameer asserted.
The am.?-cr _:s reported to have stated that there was a great deal of
friction between the Tibetans and the Chinese in Lhasa, according to Tameer.
Several causes were cited for the bad relations. The Tibetans were opposed to
the Chinese because of enmity based on historic and ethnic reasons, on existing
shortages of food and other commodities, and on the humility which existed be-
tween the conquered and the conqueror, the paper said.
The source added that so far, Tibetan officials have rendered assistance
to the Communists through fear and terror, and the time is approaching when
the etandard of revolution will be raised against the Communists, Tameer con-
tinued. Two top-level ministers of the Dalai Lama resigned from their posts in
preference to taking orders from the Chinese, the paper said.
Still quoting the source, the newspaper noted that the Chinese Communists
have put off the idea of planting soldiers along the length and breadth of
Tibet until the highway from Lhasa to Natu La (Natu Pass) has been improved
and large quantities of food and drinking supplies have been obtained from
Calcutta and Shanghai. It went on to say that Communist troops were beginning
to construct cantonments along the borders of Tibet and on a certain mountain
near the Indian border.
Tamee concluded that the source was unable to obtain definite information
on whether or not the Chinese Communists, in their plan, had considered estab-
lishing an air service between Lhasa ant. Peiping, but that Chinese airplanes
were known to be making daily flights in northwest Tibet. (1)
Meanwhile, according to Kalimpong dispatch in the 28 August issue of
Maghrabi Pakistan, an Urdu daily n.:::,N-r- or Lahore, tuc Indian government has
learned that Chinese Communist troops, accompanied by masons and builders,
arrived at a distance of only $ miles from the border of Sikkim and are con-
structing barracks and roads to establish a strong outpost at Champithang.
It Nras reported by the same paper that Chinese troops were in control of
the highway leading from Sikkim to Tibet and that all movement on the highway
at night was forbidden.(2)
Another Kalimpong dispatch in the 29 August issue of 2 eer reported on
activities of Chinpse troops near the Lucian border and stated that some
elements of the Chinese occupation army in Tibet arrived at the foot of Natu
La, a Himalaya ps.as between Tibet and India, 5 miles from Chuntazg in Sikkim.
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The paper, further reported. that tho quasi-Tibetan government under Chi-
nese Communist rule mowed troops of young soldiers out of Lhasa and stationed
them along 200 miles of frontier in different areas which were friendly to
them. It was, also reported by Tameer that reinforcements arrived for, troops
posted along the northern border of Bhutan.(3)
The 28 August issue of Maghrabi Paki.etan carried a Sikkim government
announcement that the export of cluch from Sikkim to Tibet would be prohibited
and that for the time being, persons traveling from Sikkim to Tibet would be
permitted to take only 10 seers' fo-ne seer equals 2 pounds/ weight in cloth. (2)
Communist Activities in Nepal
fReports on. Communist activities in Nepal between 4 and 11 August were
indicated by a statement by Koirala against the Communists, vhnee Ylcts 1AMd
been disclosed by a number of Arrectz. Tiler were noted as follows2
On 13 August, Tameer reported that B. P. Koirala, president of the Nepal
Congress, revealed that the Communists of India, Nepal, and Tibet had devised
a plan to create dissension and chaos in Nepal.. (4)
It is inferred by Tameer that Koirala, in his comments was criticizing
the Communists in general and that he was also referring to a report about the
Nepalese government appearing earlier in the 4 August issued of Nawa-i-wa t an
Urdu daily newspaper of Lahore, which stated that, the Nepal government ar-
rested 14 persons on a charge of smuggling arms from Tibet. It was stated by
the paper that the men confessed that Dr K. I. Singh, the insurgent leader, had
sent them on their mission and that Dr Singh was in Tibet. The newspaper also
pointed out that a map found in their possession revealed that the rebel band
had a complete plan for establishing a separate government in the northern part
of Nepal. (5)
In making further identification of the men and their mission, the 10 Au-
gust issue of Shahbaz, an Urdu daily newspaper of Peshawar, quoted a Katmandu
report which revealed that the 14 men were Communist leaders of Nepal and that
they had been arrested while attempting to penetrate Nepal from Tibet.
The report in Shahbaz stated that important papers were found in the men's
possession, in which there were evident signs that an intricate plct existed for
effecting an armed revolution in Nepal.(6)
It was later learned, according to the 29 Septewbe. issue of Shahbaz, that
the 14 Communists working for Dr Singh were links in a chain making for tighter
relations with the Communists in Tibet. The paper went on to say that the weak-
ened Nepalese government was unable to cope with several Communist revolts which
developed in Nepal in the past.(7)
jommunist activities elsewhere in Nepal noted during the period of this
report were as'follows;7
Nawa-i-wagt of 4 August stated that no information concerning the general
situation in Nepal was available from official sources, but that cumulative re-
porte from unofficial sources indicated that the situation was rapidly getting
worse. (5)
haghrabi Pakistan's 24 September issue mentioned a "confirmed" Kalimpong
dispatc w 1c revealed that the activities of the Kisan Sabba (Peasant Party)
and other Communist groups were swiftly increasing in the eastern districts of
Nepal. (8)
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The paper stated that the alarmed authorities had reportedly summoned
additional troops i'ito Jhapa and other eastern districts and had given orders
to stiffen the administration in that area. (8)
On 29 September, Shahbaz reno;-ted that informed Fourcas revealed that -
there was a vigorous increase in Communist activity in the border districts of
India adjoining Nepal and Tibet and that this constituted an immediate threat
to India. The sources described Communist activity as considerable in the
western part of Nepal, near the northern border of Uttar Pradesh, the paper
said.
It was believed by the sources, according to Shahbaz that the Nepalese
communists had established contact with Dr K. I. Singh, who wcs known to be on
the border between Nepal and Tibet, awaiting an opportunity for an armed attack
on Nepal.
The paper added that Nepalese and Indian government circles declared that
it was extremely difficult to detect or seize Communists in the hill districts.
In Nepal, it was reported by Shahbaz that the Jhapa and Morang districts
were centers of Communist activity. Nepalese Communists were being trained as
spies in the Jogbani and Biratnagar districts of Nepal and afterwards were sent
to India, Pakistan, ana other areas to spread dissension and chaos, according
to the paper.
In India, it was reported by Shahbaz that a great deal of Communist ac-
tivity was flourishing in Bihar. Communists were being trained as spies in the
districts of Katihar and Purnea in northern Bihar, the paper concluded. (7)
On 25 October, Nawa-i-wagt reported another statement by Koirala regard-
ing Communism in Nepal. Koirala stated, according to the paper, that the
threat of Communism in Nepal was hardly unexpected, because the Communists had
been vigorously spreading their activities throughout Nepal, with the *ill dis-
tricts as centers, and in pursuing their objectives, they were operating guer-
rilla forces and stockpiling arms.(9)
Koirala further stated that there were 16 passes between Nepal and Tibet,
12 of which were inadequately defended and four of which were entirely unpro-
tected, the paper said. Koirals, expressed his belief that Dr Singh, would soon
return to Nepal by means of these passes, the paper asserted.
wawa-l-wagt added that the present Nepalese government continued to con-
tribute to the threat of Communism and that at present, disorganization pre-
vailed in the western part of Nepal. (9)
1.
Rawalpindi, Tameer, 31 Aug
52
2.
Lahore, Maghrabi Pakistan,
28 Aug 52
3.
Ravalpirdi, Tameer, 29 Aug
52
4.
Ibid., 13 Aug 52
5.
Lahore, Nava-i-wagt, 4 Aug 52
6.
Peshawar, Shnhbaz, 10 Aug 52
7.
Ibid., 29 Sep 52
8.
Lahore, Maghrabi Pakistan, 24 Sep 52
9.
Lahore, Nava-i-vagt, 25 Oct 52
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