POLITICAL; SOCIOLOGICAL - WAR CRIMINALS BIOGRAPHIC

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• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700210053-4
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• Document Page Count: 27
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 3, 2012
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• Publication Date: February 17, 1999
• Content Type: REPORT

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MAR 1:12
CLASSIFICATION RESTRICTED
SECURITY INFORMATION
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
COUNTRY Yugos le.vi.a
SUBJECT Political; Sociological - War criminals
Biographic
HOW
PUBLISHED Handbook
WHERE
PUBLISHED Belgrade
DATE
FUBLISIIED Nov - Dec 1948
LANGUAGZ Serbian
ntS 00CumINT CORT?INS IMIORR?TfOr. AFFECT.? TNIOUTIOIIOL
Or THE UOITS0 STOICS, 011015 T0aTICANIR4 Or ,,,,, II. SoCT80011 71,
AND /04. Or Tot U.S. CODE. AS ?I4.010. ITS 1111Pouis1i0N OR RETT?
LOTION Or ITS CORTCNTS TO OR RECEIPT 11005 UTAL10014n1(5 PROM.. IS
61 1 7 ? ? Or /01. 14 ?
SOURCE
DATE OF
INFORMATION 1948
STAT
DATE DIST.? Mar 1953
NO. OF PAGES 27
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
Informativni prirucnik o Jugoslaviji, Book 1, 1948.
YUGOSLAV WAR ZRIMINALS: EXTRADITION, CHARGES
AND Ea0GRAPHICAL SKETCHES
ffomment: The following report-is one of several taken from
Informativq_prirucnik o Jugoslavig, a handbook published irreg-
since late 1948 by the Yugoslav Directorate for Information2
During the occupation of Yugoslavia, members of the fascist occupation
azalea and members of the occupation police, administration, and like organiza-
tions committed an enormous number of war crimes including mass and individual
killings and shootings without trial of civilians including women, children,
old people, captured partisans, sick partisans, and members of the National
Liberation Army. There were alsomazs arrests and confinement of people in
numerous concentration camps, civil prisons, and military prisons, where they
were exposed to the most brutal terrorization and murder by starvation; mass
deportation of the population for forced labor; masa forced evacuations of the
population; looting, burning, and destruction of entire cities and provinces;
immeasurable destruction of national and private property, and the like.
Some members of the occupation forces ordered the commissiGn of such
criminal acts, and some participated directly in them. Native quislings who
put themselves at the disposal of the enemy also participated in these crimes.
Some of these war criminals did not succeed in escaping when the country was
liberated, but were brought before the people's courts and tried for their
crimes. However, some of these criminals including Germans, Italians, Hungarians,
Bulgarians, and Yugoslays, narvaged to escape with retreating enemy units and
avoided the punishment they deserved. A large number of them took refuge in
Austria, Italy, Germany, and other countries.
In accoritance with the Allied declaration issued in Moscow in 1943, which
stated that war criminals would be sentenced in the countries where they cormiritted
their crimes, Yugoslavia submitted to the UN Commission on War Criminals in
London proposals for the registration of war criminals. The commission had been
registering principally war criminals from the former Axis and satellite countries.
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On the proposal of the Yugoslav State Commission on War Crines, the UN
Commission registered 2,167 persons in its Regiater A for established war
criminals, including 1,362 Germans and Austrians, 883 Italians, 174 Bulgarians,
46 Hungarians, and 2 Albaniene. In addition, 337 persona were registered in
Register B for suspected persons. The UN Commission did not register war
criminals of Yugoslav citizenship who took refuge in foreign countries.
In spite of the registration by the UN Commission, the_authorities of the
countries in which the war criminals had taken refuge demanded thnt the
llagoslav authorities submit documented requests for the extradition of these
war criminals.
Therefore, the State Commission on War Crimes attempted .to.obtain the
surrender of war criminals through diplomatic channels. Demands for the
extradition of the most important and worst war criminals were aocOmpatied by
proof of their crimes. While the USSR and the people's democracy countries
complied with Yugoslav requests, other countries responded slightly.
Most of the war criminals of Yugoslav citizenship took refuge in Italy,
Austria, and Germany. The Yugoslav government asked these countries for their
extradition backing up its requests with detailed explanations and necessary
proofs. Yugoslavia very often pointed out the places of residence of these
war criminals but the majority escaped pOnishment because of the generous
support extended to them by the Anglo-American occupation authorities. Many of
them even got public employment or were assisted in taking refuge in other
countries, especially in the US and South America. Yugoslav requests for their
extradition met with very little response.
WAR CRIMINALS OF YUGOSLAV. CITIZENSHIP
Most of the war criminals and traitors of Yugoslav citizenship who left
the country with the enemy took refuge in territory occupied and controlled by
the British and American forces, including Italy. Yugoslavia asked the US
Department of State and the British Foreign Office to approve the extradition of
those definitely known to be in the areas mentioned, in the belief that US and
Great Britain would honor the obligations they had assumed and would feel
responsible for the action of their agencies in the occupied territories. However,
this did not prove to be the case. Of 1,828 extradition requests submitted
through diplomatic channels, 208 were approved and 1,620 refused or not decided.
Yugoslavia was also in contact With the Anglo-American Commands of the
occupation forces in Italy, Germany, and Austria as follows: in Italy through
the Yugoslav delegation to the Advisory Council in Rome, and in Germany and
Austria through the delegations to the Anglo-American Commands of the occupat!bn
zones, through the Military Mission in Berlin, and, through the Yugoslav.
delegation in Vienna. These Yugoslav delegations kept insisting oe extradition,
especially in those cases when the surrender had already been approved by the US
Department of State or the British Foreign Office. They also requested the
immediate arrest of war criminals in whose cases proceedings approving ex-
tradition were under way. This 4-year effort produced the following results:
No of
Peonle
Italy Under Anglo-American Occupation
Extradition requested 300
Total extradited 25
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No of
People
STAT
US Zone of Germany. 1/ 4
411
Extradition requested
Total extradited
US Zone of Austria
23
Extradition requested
97
Total extradited
10
British Zone of Germany
Extradition requested
99
Total extradited
10
British Zone of Austria
Extradition requested 112
Total extradited 12
French Zone of Germany
Extradition requested 5
Total extradited 2
French Zone of Austria
Extradition requested 25
Total extradited 8
Requests submitted to other governments met with the following results:
Italy
The above data relates to requests for extradition when Italy was under
Anglo-American occupation. After the conclusion of the peace, these problems
were taken up with the Italian government in accordance with the peace treaty.
Sixty-five requests for surrender were submitted, but so far not a single one
has been acted upon.
Austria
In Austria, Yugoslav representatives as a rule worlsed only with the Allied
occupation authorities, but in some cases found the Austrian authorities coopera-
tive. Ten war criminals of Yugoslav citizenship were surrendered.
Hungary
War criminals of Hungarian nationality but Yugoslav citizenship took refuge
in Hungary. Of nine extradition requests submitted to the Hungarian go:ernment,
all nine were granted.
Czechoslovakia
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A small number of Yugoslav war criminals took refuge in Czechoslovakia.
Yugoslavia requested the surrender of eight an, all were surrendered.
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Other Countries
Some war criminals and traitors of Yugoslav citizenship took refuge in
France, Sweden, Switzerland, Greece, Turkey, and in South America. On the latter
continent, they went primarily to Brazil and. Argentina. Requests for their
surrender have met with no success.
STAT
ii
I..
WAR CRIMINALS OF FOREIGN CITIZENSHIP
Italy
War criminals of Italian citizenship, registered by the State Commission and
the UN Commission in London, are all located in Italy. At first,Yugoulavia
registered 883 war criminals, but later selected 4-4- major war criminals and
requested the Anglo-American authorities to surrender them, These requests were
not acted on by the time the peace treaty was concluded with Italy. On the
resumption of diplomatic reletions with Italy, Yugoslavia asked the Italian
government to extradite 49 major war criminals, but not a single one was surrendered.
Moreover, these criminals occupy very important positions in Italian public life.
Germany and Austria
German aneAustrianwar criminals took refuge mainly in Germany and Austria.
Yugoslavia asked the occupation authorities for their extradition, but the results
were as follows:
US Zone of Germany
Extradition requested
Total extradited
British Zone of German!,
Extradition requested
Total extradited
French Zone of Germany.
No of
People
152
33
226
163
Extradition requested
5
Extradition approved
5
Extradited
2
US Zone of Austria
Extradition requested 26
Extradition approved and actea upon 1
British Zone of Austria
Extrndition requested
Extradition annenved.ana acted uvue
French Zone of Austria
88
24
Extradition requested 20
Extradition approved and acted upon 2
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The USSR examined objectively all Yugoslav requests for the extradition
of war criminals regardless of their origin and acted favorably on them.
Hungary
At first, Yugoslavia registered Hungarian war criminals with the UN
Commission but later on gave up this practice and sent the requeete for surren-
der, by mutual agreement, directly to the Hungarian governmeet through the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Of 158 requests for extradition 24 were honored.
Bulgaria and Albania
Yugoslavia stopped registering Bulgarian and Albanian war criminals
with the UN Commission after the end of the war, and stopped any other action
for extradition. Records and other documents were handed over to the govern-
ments of Bulgaria and Albania so that their people's courta could try the war
criminals for the crimes committed against the Yugoslav people.
PROMINENT WAR CRIMINALS OF YUGOSLAV AND
FOREIGN CITIZENSHIP WHO WERE SURRENDERED TO YUGOSLAVIA
Miler! Media
Milan Nedic, army general and Minister of the Army and Navy in prewar
Yugoslavia, president of the Serbian Government of National Salvation (Srpska
viada narodnog spasa) during the German occupation from 29 August 1941 until
his escape with the enemy in October 1944, was one of the worst traitors and
criminals among the Serbian people.
An Minister of the Army and Navy in prewar Yugoslavia, Nedic was known to
be an ardent Germanophile and a supporter of the Nazi ideology. All his work
as Minister of the Army and Navy had only one aim, and that was to waaken
Yugoslavia and make her ready for capitulation. Atter his return from Germany
in 1937, he attacked the spirit of resistance in the government and in the Army
ay glorifying the power of Germany and declaring that nobody could resist it
and that the closest possible relations must therefore be established with
Germany. Nedic systematically saboteged the arming of the Yugoslav Army,
although huge sums amounting to several billion dinars were annually appropriated
for it.
Neale held a conference lasting many hours with especial emissary of
Hitler's Supreme Command at Pale, near Sarajevo, immediately after the April
capitulation was signed. This meeting was also attended by Danilo Kalafatovic,
assistant chief of the General Staff of the Yugoslav Army and army general.
After the meeting, Milan Xedic, was not sent to a prisoner of war camp; but
the Germans sent him to Belgrade for the bloody pacification of Serbia, where
the people had rebelled.
Medic readily accepted this role and at once organized armed groups composed
of outcasts of all kinds and people's enemi-e. Having been an army general and
Minister of the Army and Navy for many years, Nedic had influen, In the officer
corps of the former Yugoslav Army and was able to organize the (Sprsea dszavne
straza, Serbian State Guard), a quisling army. Kosta Pecanac and Dimitreje
Ljotic, also traitors, were Medic's first and most intimate collaborators.
Pecanac took advantage of his connections with the chetniks, organized chetnik
detachments, and put them at the disposal of Medic ani the occupation for action
against the National Liberation Movement. Leotic, a well-known Germanophile and
Nazi, had already gathered all the fascist elements around himself before the war,
and now put them at the disposal of the Germans and Medic for action against the
National Liberation Movement.
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Immediately after assuming power, Medic issued orders and decrees which
changed and repealed former Serbian laws, outlawed entire categorioq of Piti-
zens, established "star-chamber" courts, announced that generous rewards would
be paid to informers and denouncers, and set high prices on the heads of
partisans and their leaders.
Among his first decrees were the Decree on the "Star-Chamber" Court of -
the Armed Forces, No 915, of 7 September 1941 (published in the Sluzbene
Novine (Official Gazette), No 105, 9 September 1941), and the Decree on "Star-
Chamber" Courts, No 1105, 16 September 1941 (published in Sluzbene Novine,
NO 109, 23 September 1941). These proved clearly and beyond any doubt that the
National Liberation Movement was outlawed and that every member of it was
sentenced to death in advance.
The Decree Amending the Decree on "Star-Chamber" Courts, No 2145, 5 De-
cember 1941 (published in Siuzbene Novine, No 132, 12 December 1941) stipu-
lated that any aid or sympathy offered to the National Liberation Army was
punishable by death. In Article 1 of Decree No 50, 20 October 1941, Medic
ordered that all saboteurs, their instigators, helpers, and protectors; con-
vinced Communists, party workers and their followers, and generally speaking ell
those who actively or passively contributed to the p.resent national disaster,
would be punished summarily and mercilessly and be completely immobilized.
In complete couperation with the enemy, he introduced and supported the
exploitation and depletion of Serbia by shipping the country's wealth to
Germany and by forced labor of its people in war production in Serbia or in
Germany, Austria, or other occupiedEuropean countries.
At the end of 1941, Medic reorganized the administrative system, replacing
the former banovinas with okrugs, to make it possible to wage a more successful
fight against the National Liberation Novement and to increase the pressure on
the people. As okrug chiefs he appointed Kalabic, Korac, Lukic, and other
trusted bloodthirsty collaborators. He used all his. power to carry out his
criminal ideas tc which he gave expression at the 12 February 1942 conference
with his okrug chiefs. He said that disorderly elements must be liquidated,
no matter where they are, even though such liquidation might require the high-
est sacrifices. Accordingly, if the Serbian people were not killed in the
field, they were sent regardless of sex or age toc.onceatration camps, and from
there tm torture charmers and killed as hostages or sent to death ramps out-
side Serbia and cremated.
Medic's Special Police (Specijalna policija) destroyed its victims in
this manner in Camp Banjica near Belgrade, which was called a death camp.
Captured camp records show that 3,000 persons were killed in the camp and about
23,000 persons passed through it. However, authoritative data show that more
than 10,000 persons were killed and that about 50,000 persons passed through
Banjica. In the bloody massacre of the Serbian people at Kragujevac in October
1941, over 5,000 men, women, and children were killed, including school children.
In some cases entire classes and their teachers were killed. Medic's police
and the SDK (Srpski dobrovoljacki korpus-Serbian Volunteer Corps) participated
in this massacre. A similar massacre took place in Kraljevo, where several
thousand citizens were killed. In the meantime, between 10 and 15 September
and 4 December 1941, Medic was excusing and glorifying the Germans, saying
that Germany had never been Yugoslavia's enemy, she ir not an ,a.nemy today, and
it is up to the Yugoslays to see that she is not an enemy tomnrrow.
Medic led the battle against the Serbian people in every arca. In certain
cases he went farther than the occupation troops, suggesting ideas to them and
instigating crimes. In his edict of 22 June 1942, No 1059, he proposed to the
Germans that all Jews and sympathizers of the National Liberation Movement whose
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names he submitted should be moved from Oflag VI-C prisoner-of-war camp at
Osnabrueck to _a penal camp. The German commandant of the camp, Colonel Miner,
came to Belgrade to discuss this proposal. Presently the Germans followed
Nedic's advice and established Penal Camp D and moved into it about 700
of the officers who had sympathized with the National Liberation Movement.
. Nciloen the National Liberation Army and the Allies were drivina the beaten
Germans from Yugoslavia, Nedic,issued an order on 15 August 1944 to all okrug
chiefs., commandants of the SDS and SDK, to the mayor of Belgrade, and to tae
chief of the Banjica Camp to confine all politically suspicious persons and to
take hostages.
Slavke Kvaternik
After Pavelic, Slavko Kvaternik, assistant chief, marshal, and leader of
the Croatian Armed Forces, Minister of the Army and Ustashi general, was the
most important Ustashi personality and played a major role in the criminal
and quisling regime of the Independent State of Croatia. Even in prewar
Yugoslavia, he had been a leading personality in the traitorous Ustashimovement
in Yugoslavia and abroad. He gathered criminal types and bardits an organized
terrorist groups, which committed numerous crimes even at that time. As head.
of the Ustashi organization he consistently worked to achieve the undermining
of the internal political, military, and economic power of Yugoslavie in
_
preparation for the German and Italian invasion.
On 11 February 1942, when Kvaternik was decorated by Pavelic, proof of
Kvaternik's traitorous activity was confirmed by the following cftation. The
-award was given for extraordinary meritorious work for more than 20 years in
restoring the Independent State of Croatia, for valiant leadership of the
Ustaehi revolutionary struggles, and for the extraordinary heroic coup d'etat
at the beginning of World War II, when he proclaimed the Independent State of
Croatia and led the Ustashi and other national revolutionary forces against the
former army, threw it off balance, andtherebygreatly contributed to its
complete defeat.
The aathority of the state was concentrated in Kvaternik's hands, immediately
after the proclamation of the Independent State of Croatia. He organized the
state leadership which administered the country until Pavelic 'a return. He issued
a proclamation on Pavelic's arrival in Zagreb. He became assistant chief, vice-
chief marshal, military leader, commander of all military forces, and Minister
of the Army. Pavelic appointed him an Ustashi general on 15 April 1941,
As Minister of the Croatian Army, Kvaternik organized so-called volunteer
regiments and legions and sent them to the Eastern front. On 9 January 1942,
Kvaternik granted an interview to Schuster, correspondent of the DNB (German
Information Bureau) to whom he said, "Our goal is to act always in unison with
our Allies and to show that we not only fully understand the era ahead and the
intentions of the Fuehrer and the Duce, but also wisi, to contribute to its
establishment." (Nova Hrvatska (New Croatia), 10 January 1942, No 9, page 1)
While Slav' es ::vaternik was one of the strongest pillars in the Pavelic
government, a criminal and bloodthirsty policy was followed throughout Croa-
tia. the aim being to destroy at any price and in an especially cruel and bes-
tial manner about 2 million native Serbian and thousands of Jewish inhabitants
of Croatia.
About half a million Serbians, mostly old men, women, and children, ana
about 30,000 Jews were slaughtered. Their property was confiscated for the state
but a good deal of it was looted by the Ustashi and divided among high Ustashi
officials, including Kvaterncr.
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Numerous Ustashi concentration camps, set up on the pattern of Nazi camps,
were used for the mass destruction of Serbian, Jews, and freedom-loving
Croatians. The Jasenovac camp, where about 600,000 men, women, aed children
lost their lives, was the most notorious of these camps, surpassing Hitler's
Worst camps in number of victims and cruelties.
When the slaughter of the Serbian people by the Untashi started in July
1941, Kvaternik visited Ustashi detachments engaged in these actions and with his
commendations encourged them to kill innocent people. At the end of July 1941,
he visited the Ustashi who had killed 171 people in Donja Bacuga, Rtastovica,
and Luseani on 24 July. These victims had first ben beaten with rifle butte,
stabbed eith bayonets, then taken to pits in Grabovac and shot in the back.
Leon Repnile
Even before the capitulation, Leon Rupnik, division general (diviziski
general) of the former Yugoslav Army, immediately on his arrival in Ljubljana,
worked out a written plan for the organization of the Ustashi Territorial Army
(Ustaska Kopnera vojska) and handed it to Ustashi Colonel Lulic. In May 1941,
he put himself at the disposal of the Italian general Mario Robotti, commander
of the 11th Army Corps, and collaborated with him. He also collaborated with
General Orlendo, High Commissioner Graziolli, Tornari, a member of the Italian
Intelligence Service, and others. He contacted officers and noncomminsioned
officere of the foewer Yugoslav Army and tried to persuade them to be loyal to
the occupation troops.
The occupation appointed him president of Ljubljana on 3 July 1942. In
that position he worked intensively to carry out the economic directives of
the enemy. He ,lerified the fascist occupation in speeches at public meet-
ings and used his influence to secure loyalty and help for the occupation and
to combat the National Liberation War. Rupnik also submitted a written plan
to General Robotti for the destructior of the partisan movement and asked him
to strengthen the militarygartisons in the interior. With the help of priests
and presidents of opcina, be organized and put under his own direct control an
espionage network extending over the country.
On 3 August 1942, Rupnik submitted to General Robotti lists of interned
Yugoslav, officers and noncommissioned officers and proposed that those desig-
nated by him as loyal to the occupat4on be released and returned to Yugoslavia,
and then included in armed detachments for service with the occupation troops.
After the Italian capitulation, Rupnik remained the same traitor and
criminal but only changed masters. He was now given the position of Chief of
the Provincial Administration of the 7,rovince of Llubleena by Reiner. In
building up his power, he first organized an information section (Infornativni
ured) and used it to spy on the Slovenian people for the Gestapo and to
denounce enemies. From that time, he was a permanent part of the Gestapo and
the Security Pole either directly or through his secretary Kreger. He
organized his own political police as a part of his provincial administration,
and for his own armed forces he organized former White Guards and Blue Guards
with the assistance of his son-in-law, Suvajdzic.
With the authorization of SS High Comnissioner Reiner, Rupnik started organ-
izing his army on a larger scale on 22 Septenber 1943 arq callet". it the
Slovenian Home Defense Corps (Slovensko domobranstvb). He had the men in these
formations take an oath of allegiance to Hitler and swear to fight againrt the
National Liberation movement and against the people of Yugotlavia in general.
Under the rank of "inspektor," he was the supreme commander of these armed .
groups and ordered their mobilization several times. In this traitorous work
he found himself working shoulder to shoulder with Draza Mihajlovic's
traitoroue Chetniks, which were under the command of Janez Maren, who was called
Crtomir.
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Rupnik's traitorous work led, to mass arrests, shootings, internment, and
the exiling of Slovenian civilians, and the looting, burning, and destruction
of the people's property.
Dragomir-Dragi Jovanovic
Dragomir-Dragi Jovanovic, minister, chief of the Serbian State Security
Service, and administrator (upravnik) of Belgrade, at the request of the Germans
organized and managed the Banjica concentration camp. As administrator of
Belgrade and chief of the Serbian State Security Service, he either nersonally
or through his subordinates ordered people to concentration camps. On his orders,
they were terrorized, tortured, and. mistreated during arrest, in the jails,
during transportation to concentration camps, and in the caops. On several
occasions) between 9 July 1941 and 3 October 1944, together with Svetozar Vujkovic,
head of Camp Banjica; Ilija Paranos, chief of the special police of the adminis-
tration of Belgrade; and Bosko Becarevid, chief of the 4th section, he selected
camp prisoners who were to be shot although they had not been sentenced by a
court or by any other agency.
Between 22 July 1941 and October 1944, under the orders of Jovanovic, the
Special Police and other organs arrested.several thousand innocent persons,
among them women, children, and old men. In the jails people were bludgeoned,
tortured., and. killed ?ith blunt instruments. Tortured persons were shipped from
the police jail to the Ban.iica concentration camp, vhere the Lorturing continued
until they were shot by the Germane Or were sent to forced labor in Germany. More
than 80,000 men, women,and children lost their lives in Belgrade jails, in Banjica
and Jajince.
Dr Vladimir Kosak
Dr. Vladimir Kosak, Minister of Finance of the Independent State of Croatia,
envoy and minister plenipotentiary to Berlin, joined the Ustanhi organization ?
in 1936, and was also a member of Macek's Croatian Peasant Party. As a finan-
cial specialist, Kosak was entrusted in 1939 with the very important position
of chief of the economlc department of the autonomous Croatian government in
Zagreb. In this high position he helped Hitler and Mussolini considerably in
preparing for the attack on Yugoslavia. Immediately after the capitulation of
Yugoslavia in April 1941, when Ante Pavelic organized his quisling government in
Zagreb, Kosak was appointed state secretary in the Ministry of the National
Economy (Ministarstvo narodnog gospodarstva). On 30 July 1941, when an Inde-
pendentMinistryof Finance was organized, he became Minister of Finance.
In addition to his general responsibility for the traitorous and criminal
policy of the government of the Independent State of Croatia, Kosak bears a
special responsibility for having helped. Pavelic greatly as a financial
specialist and for having contributed greatly to the realization of the occupa-
tions plans in Yugoslavia. He supported. the German economic war potential
by bringing Croatia as an economic unit into Hitler's system. He also provi-
ded funds for the traitoroug and genocidal policy of his government. He found
means for arming the home-defense troops and Ustashi which were sent to the
Eastern Front to serve against the USSR as part of Hitler's Army, and were used
in Yugoslavia as auxiliaries of the Italian. and German occupation troops to
suppress the armed insarrection of the Yngoslav people.
Kosak was awarded the Ustashi Medal of Honor, a decoration given only to
those who had joined the Ustashi movemunt before the war. In 1944, after 3
years of faithful service to the Ustashi regime, Pavelic conferred on him
the highest decoration, the Grand Order of the Morning Star,
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In June 1943,Pavelic appointed Kaaak as envoy and minister plenipotentiary
first to Budapest and later to Berlin.
Bozidar Becarevic
BoZidar Becarevic, chief of the fourth section of the Special Police of the
Administration of Belgrade, was especially trusted by the-Gestapo, by Ilija
Paranos, head of the Special Police, and by Dragi jovanovic, the administrator
of Belgrade. Becarevic was the principal manager, technical organizer, and
executor of all the =Imes Committed by the Special Police and especially by the
fourth section. He, Javanovic, and Paranos decided what persons were to be
arrested, tortured, shot, or sent to forced labor in Germany.
Heinrich Dankelmann
Heinrich Dankelmann, German military commander in Serbia, ordered or
approved directly, or through his subordinate field or area commanders,
collectiveapunitive measures against the Serbian People. These consisteu of mass
or individual killings, burning of settlements and property, sending of people
to concentration camps, etc. Through his subordinate administrative staff be
organized concentration camps in Serbia and the Banat. He was also in charge of
the police service in the Banat, so he is also responsible for the shootings,
arrests, tortures, and other crimes committed by the German police in the Banat,
He in also responsible for levying a punitive contribution of 10 million
dinars on the population of Belgrade on 31 July 1941, and for a number of other
illegal contributions and requisitions levied by his subordinate field. commanders
in Serbia.
He is responsible for a number of illegal decrees and regulations, such as
the 18 September 1941 Decree on Lagal Power, amending the Decree on Jews and
Gypsies.
Finally, he is responsible for the establishment of the quisling Serbian
government of Milan Nedic, which was under his supervision and subject to his
orders through his administrative staff. Through those orders, that government
committed namerous war crimes against the Serbian population through its
Special Police and its quisling troops, such as the SDS:SDK, etc.
August Meysner
August Meysner, police leader and commander of police detachments in Serbia,
is responsible for having established, in accordance with the directives of
Himmler and his RSHA, a criminal police regime in Belgrade, in occupied Serbia,
and in the Banat. This regime exterminated about 150,000 persons, subjecting
them to cruel tortures and mistreatment and recklessly leoting the people's
property.
Meysner organized these war crimes through his police. From 1942, they were
divided into the Security Police and the Security Service. The latter included
the Gestapo in its fourth section and the Police for the Maintainance of Order.
On the basis of general directives received from Rimier or from Hitler, such as
the order to kill 100 Serbs for every German killed or 50 Serbs for every
wounded German, Meysner and the milit:ry commander of Serbia sent retaliatory
detachments into the interior of Serbia, shooting ho6tagea and arresting and
sending people to concentration camps in the country or abroad.
During the destruction and devat.tation which followed, the people who were
not killed were shipped to the Banjica, Sajmiste, Sabac, Bubanj, Zrenjanin, and
other concentration camps. Retalietory groups aestroyed entire areas of Serbia,
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as at Macva and Sabac. -When- the Sabac camp was- established, theenrviving
population of Macva and Sabac was thrown into it; about 25,000 persons passed
through this camp. At the beginning of December 1942, these retaliatory groups
burned Blazevo, Gradac, Gedomin, and other villages. On 20 August 1943, they
burned Donja Bela Reka; 47 persons were killed, among them 15 woman and 12
children between the ages of one and 14. Among the numerous executions in
Serbia, Meysner personally ordezed and directed the shooting of 324 persons in
'Krusevac on 29 May 1943 and issued a signed report on the incident.
The Banjica camp was established and managed jointly with the Serbian Quis-
ling police. About 50,000. people were thrown into this camp; 8,000-10,000 were
shot on the shooting range at Jajince. About 68,000 persons, including Gestapo
victims from Belgrade,' were killed on this range according to the statements
rade by guards and those wo burned the bodies. There were about 100,000 people
in the Sajmiste camp who were tortured in various sadistic ways. In this camp,
34,500 were starved to death or killed in special trucks with poison gas; after
that 47,000 other victims were killed. About 5,000 persons were tortured in the
same way in the Zrenjanin camp; 2,000 of them were killed. Of 15,000 persons
in the Bubanj camp near Nis, 6,500 were killed. Of 3,000 persons in the Loznica
camp, 1,000 were killed.
Franz Neuhausen
As German consul gere 11 in Belgrade before the Garman aggression, Franz
Neuhausen created a fifth column in Yugoslavia by organizing the German national
minority into espionage and terrorist organizations to sabotage and hamstring
the resistance of the army and the people against the aggressor. As head of the
German Transportation Bureau in Belgrade, he organized end conducted espionage
in Yugoslavia for the German armed forces by bringing in various German tourista
economic experts, scientists, and the like.'
In his capacity as general economic plenipotentiary in occupied Serbia and
representative of Goering and the German Four-Year Economic Plan, Neuhausen
placed the entire economy of Serbia and her natural resources at the service of
the German war effort in defiance of international law, using currency, credit,
and foreign exchangeseasures illpgally. He resorted to forcible requisitioning
of products and exported economic goods and manpower from Serbia to such an
extent as to cause great impoverishment, economic depletion, and consequent
starvation of the population. He confiscated and sold Jewish real estate in
Serbia and put the money at the disposal of the German occupation authorities.
By his partici,pation in the conference at Zagreb on June 1941 where the
decision was made to deport about 250,000 Slovenians to Croetia and Serbia, he
incurred responsibility for this action. On the basis of this decision, 12,000
Slovenians were forcibly moved to Croatia and 8,000 to Serbia.
Adalbert Loncar
Adalbert Loncar, major general, commander of the 724th Regiment of the
704th Division, and field commander in Belgrade, issued orders to his subor-
dinate units and agencies to commit or participate in the commission of mass
war crimes such as killings, massacres, retaliatory measures against innocent
population, the shooting of hostages, etc. The first battalion of the 724th
Regiment of the 704th Division participated with his agreement and approval in
the mass killing in Ktagujevac on 21 October 1941, when the male population of
Kragujevac was killed. The official German report admitted the shooting of
2,300 citizens, but it is known that thousands more were shot. Of these, 2,624
have been identified, among them 44 children less than le years old. As field
commander in Belgrade, General Loncar submitted reports on the proposed
retaliatory shooting of hosaages to the military commander for upproval and
after they took place issued proclamations bearing his signature that 400 hos-
tages were shot in Belgrade on 19 February 1943, 50 ho cages shot in Mladenovac
in February 1943, and a number of other crimes committed in his command area.
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Dr. Friedrich.Reiuer.
In his capacity as state commissioner for Carinthia, chief of the Civil
Administration in Gorenjsko, and later on as the high commissioner of the
Adriatic Coast zone, Friedrich Reiner was responsible for terrorist methods
of administration in the occupied arias of Carinthia and Slovenia. Upon Hitler's
explicit order that these.areas mnst be Germanized, Reiner 'a terrorist regime
used various means to. achieve this aim. It issued illegal decrees and regu-
lations, such as the Decree on the Introduction of German Military Legislation
in Carinthia and Carniola, published 2C July 1942 in the Sluzbeni list sefa
civilne uprave za Korusku i Ktanjsku (Official Gazette of the Chief of
Civilian Administration for Carinthia and Carniola).
On the basis of this decree, a number of illegal decrees and regulations
were issued on the forcible recruiting of the Slovenian population into the
German SS Police and other German troops. The Decree on Compulsory Labor of
6 December 1943 was also issued. Reiner organized the Slovenian Hone Defense
Corps and put it under the tactical and operational command of the SS leader,
police commander of the 18th Military District, with headquarters in Salzburg.
To promote Germanization, Reiner issued the 10 February 1942 Decree on the
Transliteration of Slovenian names into German; the 9 April 1942 Decree on Nazi
Youth Organizations, the Law on the Hitler Youth forcing all male youth between
10 and 18, and all female youth up to the age of 21 to serve in the organization;
the 13 August 1942 Decree on the Germanization of all Slovenian Names, providing
the severest punishment for moncompliance; and the 27 May 1942 Decree for the
Protection of Germanism,. providing for the confiscation, of property of persons
inimical to the state (referring.toBlovenian patriots who were arrested, taken
to concentration camps, etc.). On 27 November 1942, Reiner issued a proclamation
which, contrary to international law? imposed German citizenship on the
population of the occupied areas until further notice and forced them to join
the Kultttrbund.
At a conference inCelovec in June 1942 with SS Leader Roesener, Hochsteiner,
Folkenborn, and his other administrative and police assistants, Reiner Issued a
decree for even more drastic reprisals against the Slovenians. These meusures
consisted of shooting hostages, burning villages, taking people to concentration
camps, pronouncing collective sentences, etc. A state of siege was proclaimed
on 2 July 1942. According to official German figures, 864 hostages were shot,
but the actual number far surpassed this figure. During the administration of
Reiner, about 10,500 Slovenes were arrested. The majority of them were sent
to the notorious Mauthauhen, Duchau, Ravensbrueck, and Reichenau German concen-
tration camps.
Erwin Roesener
In his capacity as commander of all police forces in the 18th Military
District, and as SS and police leader from January 1942 to the end of the war,
Erwin Roesener was responsible for crimes committed by the Gestapo and other
police under his command and also by members of the armed SS forces. Acting
on Rimmler's explicit orders, Roesener organized mass extermination of the
Slovenian people. First, his agencies transferred about 30,000 Slovenians to
Serbia and Croatia, and about 60,000 to Germany for forced labor, Mass
shootings of thousands c hostages were carried out and announeed on posters
bearing Roesener's signature. From Gorenjsko eaone 12,092 persons were shipped
off tc concentration camps; of these 866 were killed, 2,694 confined, 1,235
handed over to the Gestapo in Celovec, 568 deported to Serbia, 695 expelled to
Germany, 497 forcibl.y mobilized, and 123 thrown into prisoner-of-war camps.
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Roesener very often burned entire villages in retaliation for the people's
insurrection in Slovenia. According to public announcements 13 villages were
burned, including Gradise, Koreno, and Hrastnik. Males over 18 years old
were shot while the rest were deported. Trzic was fined 100,000 :Reichsnarks
on 5 February 1945.
Roesener gave orders that captured partisans were to be shot and their
hospitals destroyed. His units, the Gestapo and SS, also shot war prisoners.
They shot the crew of the three-engine bomber which crashed near Gradenac on
9 April 1945, and. an American pilot whn parachuted down and was captured at -
Krcevina on the Drava in February 1945. At the end of summer 1944, four cap-
tured American airmen were shot by order of Druschke, Roesener's Gestapo chief
in Jesenice.
Joseph Kuebler
Joseph Kuebler, lieutenant general and commander of the 118th Fighter Divi-
sion, is responsible for many war crimes committed by his troops on his instruc-
tions and orders. Paragraph 2 of his order Abt. I c., No B No 1418/43, of 12 May
1943, prescribes the following treatment for war prisoners: "Whoever
participates in an attack against German armed forces and is captured shall be
interrogated and then shot." On the basis of this and similar orders, this
division killed 1,200 wounded and ill members of the National Liberation Army
at a _pot between Ttjentiste and Popov Most.
Karl von Oberkampf
Karl von Oberkampf, major general Of the SS, commander of the 7th SS "Prinz
Eugen" Division, ordered or tacitly approved a number of the worst war crimes
against the Yugoslav civilian population and against the captured soldiers of
the National Liberation Army.
On 11 July 1943, his 13th Regiment shot 68 persons in Kosutica in reprisal
for the killing of one German soldier in a fight with partisans. Of these, 38 were
children (one was a day-old baby) and the rest were women and old men.
Hans Joachim Grafenstein
Hans Joachim Grafenatein, major general and commander of the 373d German
"Tiger" Division, is responsible for 14 major war crines, including the killing
of 20 captured members of the National Liberation Army. The crime was committed
in Dobro Selo or in Podkozjaca (and adjunct of Doljane) ,n December 1944.
Hartwig von Ludwiger
Hartwig von Ludwiger, lieutenant general and comnander of the 104th Fighter
Division (lovacka divizija), is responsible for 11 major war crimes, including
killings burning, and looting committed during the German "Schwarz" Offensive
(Fifth Offensive) in the Sandzak in May and June 1943, when 65 men, women, and
cLildren were killed in Kanje, and 13 old men and women, and tvo soldiers of
the National Liberation army were killed in Pale
Fritz Neihold
Fritz Neihold, lieutenant general, commander of the 309th "Devil's" Division,
Is responsible for many war crimes committed by his troops upon his orders and
instructions. In paragraph 8 of his Division Order No 121 - 240/44 of 11 July
1944 on purges in Hercegovina, he ordered the destruction of Zagnjezde and Udore,
the hanging of all the male population, and the removal of the women and children
to concentration camps.
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Ferenz Szcmbathelyi
As chief of the General Staff, by previous agreement with the representa-
tives of the government, Ferenz Szombathelyi, army general, first ordered a
race raid. on Sajsaska and later on extended it to Novi Sad, with order No 4089
of 15 January 1942. This order was sent to Maj Gen Czeidner Ferenc Fekete-
Halmi, commander of the 5th Szeged-Honved Division for action.
For this purpose conferences of designated commanders were held, detailed-
instructions for all units were worked out, troops were given their dispositions,
and close contact was established with representatives of the civil authoritiJs,
state police counterespionage, and gendarmerie. Indentification councils to
identify local Hungarians and Germans were established in places selected for
the raid.
On 4 January 1942 all civil government in the Sajkaska area was abolished
and taken over by the Hungarian Royal General Staff or by the Honved Command.
On 5 January 1942, the bloody massacre began of the Serbian and Jewish people
which was conducted on a mass scale up to 19 January 1942, but was not over
Until mid-February 1942. Curug and Zabalj were the first two places raided by
the Hungarian militarists. The raid on Curug lasted. on a mass scale up to
9 -1C January1942. Of 650 persons arrested, all were killed except Zivan
Popov and 9-year-old Petar Kekic. The killers used axes, pickaxes and steel
bars, and the killing was done in shifts. The Tisa and the Bare near Salasevo
are mass graves for 854 persons who lost their lives during the Curug raid. There
was mass looting during the raid but later 50,000 pengos was levied on the Serbian
population for the support of the army.
The raid on Zabalj continued for 5 days. The majority of those arrested
were tortured, bound with wire, and transported by truck to the Tisa River,
where they -were killed with machine guns and rifles. A total of 589 persons
were killed, at Zabalj, including 36 Jews from Temerin..
The raid. un Mbsorin started on 6 January 1942 and. continued through 17
January 1942; 179 persons were victims of cruel tortures and bloody slayings in
the school shed. or at the Tisa River.
The raid on Gradinovci, started cn 7 January; 38 persons were killed.
The raid on Sajkas started on 7 Lanuary. All the people were arrested as
they left church and were taken to the municipal building, where they were
tortured; 26 hostages were taken to the Tisa and eilled.
The raid on Lok started on 8 January and continued through 13 January; 46
persons were killed.
The raid. on Djurdjevo started on 9 January and continued for several days.
The Serbian school building was the place of torture for all those arrested. From
here they were transported by truck to the Tisa and 20 persons killed. Two girls
were raped; houses and adjoining buildings were burned both in the village and
nearby. Although there was mass looting, 10,000 pengos were levied for the
s. wort of the army. .
The raid on Gospodjinci started on 9 January and continued for 2 days, but
individual arrests and killings went on for 2 months after the raid. Seventy-
seven persons were transported by truck to the Tisa end killed.
The raid on Titel started on 10 January; 52 persons were killed.
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The raid on Vilovo started on 12 January. A third of the population was
shipped to Sajkas and Gardinovci and cruelly tortured there. Sixty-four per-
sons were selected, taken to the Danube, killed:, and their bodies thrown into
the river.
The raid on Novi Sad started on 21 January 1942, and the order to end it
was issued on 23 January 1942. During its course, 1,440 Serbians and Jews were
killed.
The raid on Srbohran started on 25 January 1942; three persons were killed
and a large number were shipped to the concentration camp at Backe Topola.
The raid ontStari Bacej started on 25 January; 203 Serbians and Jews were
first tortured, then transported by truck to the Tisa, where they were killed
and their bodies thrown into the river.
Czeidner Ferenc Fekete-Halnd
Czeidner Ferenc Fekete-Halmi, lieutenant general ana commander of the Fifth
Szeged-Honved Army, conducted the raid ordered on south Backa. He issued Written
Instruction No 1402 of 18 January on the general behavior of armed forces during
the raid and Instruction No 1300 on purges in the cities. In Srbobran on
lf January 1942, he held a conference with the membera of his staff in which he
instructed Colonel Grashi, commander of the 2d Armed Section which was ordered
for the raid on Novi Sad, to conduct the raid in the same wanner as the raids
on Curug and Zabalj had been conducted.
Colonel Grashi held a conference in Novi Sad on the same day with all
commanders in charge of troops which were to participate in the action. On the
basis of the prepared plan, Colonel Grashi issued Written Order No 136/Kt of
20 January 1942, which set forth the details for the forthcoming raid.
The raid on Novi Sad started at 0600 hours of 21 January 1942, the popula-
tion being informed of it by announcements postsd throughout the city on that
morning. The army, gendarmerie, and police were sent to various parts of the
city, and armed patrols searched apartments and identified citizens. Indi-
vidual members, sometimes entire families were taken to the Memorial Building
(Spomen-Dom) before the identification council, whose rulings were accepted as
conclusive.
Troops were provided with lists of suspected persons on the second day of the
raid. These lists were prepared by the police, the gendarmerie investigations,
and the counterespionage branch.
On the same day, an attack was staged by rebels on the army and the gend-
armerie at the former banovina buildings. This was the introduction for the third
day of the raid when the entire armed force started killing. People were killed
in bed, in their hcmes, in thAr back yards, in the streets in front of their
houses. Men, women, young and old were killed. Babies at their mothers' breasts
were not spared. The frozen Danube was the common grave for- all the slain as
openings were made in the ice with bombs and the dead thrown into these holes.
The order to stop the raid was issued on 23 January at 1515 hours, but it
actually did not stop until 2200 hours. By this tim2, about 20,000 people had
passed through the "censorship" in the Memorial Building. As far as could be
verified, 1,440 people were killed in Novi Sad. There was mass looting during
the search, identification, and killing.
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PROMIKEZT DOME:TIC AND FOREIGN WAR CRIMINALS
WHOSE EXTRADITION WAS DEMANDED BUT NOT GRANTED
Ante Pavelic
Ante Ts.vslic, head, .(100,glavnik) of the Indepeadent State of Croatia before
the war, organized the Ustashi movement with a group of his followers and worked
out its program. He lived abroad as an emigre from 1929 to 1941, mostly
in Italy, Hungary, and Germany. His work abroad was directedexclusively
toWard undermining the defensive power of Yugoslavia, especially in connection
with an eventual attack by Italy and Germany. He gathered as his followers
various criniaals who happened by chance to come within his orbit: Being
generously supported, he armed his ganga:, organized them, and trained them in
military skills frist at Janka Puszta, Hungary, and later in Italy.
From time to time he sent members of these gangs across the border into
Yugoslavia to sabotage railroads apd pubic buildings and attack various persons.
He was supported by the Italian regime and, after Hitler took over in Germany, by
the Germans also. He became especially active during World War II, when he
established the Velebit secret broadcasting station to propagate the Ustashi
movement. He tried to stir up hatred among the Croatians against the Serbians,
romizjng tha Croatians that an independent Ustashi State would be established very,
soon.
When the Axis powers invaded Yugoslavia in April 1941, Ustashi troops
militarily organized and completely armed by Italy entered Yugoslavia under the
wing of the Italian Amy.
When Pavelic arrived in Zagreb he found the Independent State of Croatia
had already been proclaimed by KVaternik. On 18 April, he issued a decree on
the designation for the state governMent.
Up to the liberation, through his military, police, and Political organi-
zation Pavelic committed countless terrible bloody and cruel crimes against the
people living in the puppet Independent State of Croatia.
The Nazi laws for the persecution, plundering,and planned extermination of
Serbians, Jews, and gypsies were put into effect in the first days of Pavelic's
assumption of power. The following decrees on the Nazi model were enacted:
the 17 April 1941 Decree on the ProteCtion of the People and the State establish-
ing extraordinary national courts which operated through "star-chamber' courts;
the 25 April 1951 Decree Prohibiting the Use of the Cyrillic Alphabet; decree
of the Ministry of the Interior which ilaplemerted the former 30 April 1941
decree; the Decree on Racial Origin; the 30 April 1941 Decree on the Protection
of the Aryan Blood and Honor of the Croatian People; the 3 May 1941 Decree on
Changing From One Religion to Another; the Decree on Removal of Suspected and
Dangerous Persons to Concentration Camps, and other decrees issued for the purpose
of outlawing all Serbians in the Independent State of Croatia.
Pavelic gave his gangs the over-all directive in his speech of 21 April 1941
when he said to the Serbian population: "There are perhaps sone who do not
understand our Ustaahl language. But I know that you understand and that you will
speak to them in a language they will understand."
At first, this threat of Pavelic 's was carried mit by physicalexterrmination,
forced deportations, and conversions to Catholicism, and later by physical
extermination only.
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Following the example set by his Ne.li masters, Pavelic also outlawed the
Jews. They had to wear a yellow arm band, and, their stores had to be marked with
special signs. These first measures evolved later into the robbing and complete
extermination of the Jewish population. He also started the extermination of
gypsies, especially in Srem.
To reach more people, he sent his assistants? other Ustashi delegates, and
units of returned Ustashi emigres throughout the ccdntry. Soon bloody persecL-
tions based on Pavelic's public and secret directives started in Like, Kordun,
Slavonija, Bosnia-:lercegovina, and Other places.
On 31 July 1941; oeveral hundred armed Ustashi arrived in Prijedor, Sanski
Most, Kotor Varos, Banja. Kijuc, and other places. Early in the morning on
1 August general killings and torturiny. .ater+.eA ?rt.!. st.1.,a rur eeverat days.
Th Ca4auhi Impaled children on their bayonets and then shot them with their
pistols. In some Places they buried people alive. They also burned homes and
destroyed Orthodox chUrches.
Under the direction of an Ustashi calledDiedar, they killed 700 persons..
in Prijedor and about 4,000 in Prijedor Srez. In Prijedor, the Ustashi first
surrounded the city and then in small groups entered its streets. They picked
up all Serbians and. took them to jail. When the jail was filled, general
massacre started in the jail, in the streets, in the houses, on the bridge
over the river, in the park in front of the Gymnasium, in "Zitarica" market
square, in Urje Field, and in "Tukovi" Place. Truck loads of farmers were
brought into the city from the villages around Prijedor. Bodies were carried
away in ox carts and buried in the Serbian graveyard or where dead animals
were formerly buried.
On 2 August, in Sanski Most Srez, about 3,000 Serbians were killed in the
granary, about 4,000 men, women, and children were killed in Susar field, about
100 were it,alled in Podlug, and about 400 in Stari MaJdan The total number of
victims in this srez was over 10,000. The killings were preceded by terrible
tortures. They broke both arms and legs of Dragan Nedimovic, forester, and
then killed him.
Women and children we usually killed in the villages, while the men were
taken to Sanski Most. Usually the younger and prettier women were raped first
and then killed. The daughters of Dusan Dobrijevic end Mile Strts in Suvaca
were first raped, then beheaded.
According to the official Ustashi report about 1,700 persons were killed in
Kljuc. The killings were done in the elementary school and along the banks of
the Sena river.
Concentration camps were established throughout the country. A large camp
was built, near Jasenovac in Slavonija. Victims from all parts of Croatia were
sent lo this camp, especially Serbians but also Jews, aipsies, and patriotac
Croatians who supported the National Liberation Movement. Duriag the occupation,
over 500,000 people were killed in this cemp by killing, beating, chopping off
parts of the body, burying alive, starvation, and the like,
In Pavelic's Croatia, there were also concentration camps in Stara Gradiska,
Gospic, jadovno in Velebit, and other places. The Independent State of Croatia
was one large concentration camp for all citizens except the Ustashi.
In his fight against the National Liberation Movement, Pavelic outlawed with
his legal decrees and secret directives not only all families of members of the
National Liberation Army, but also whole towns and villages known to be in
sympathy with the National Liberation Movement. The notorious Black Legion
(crna legija) burned down entire villages and communities in Bosnia and killed
everybody who did not go into hiding.
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In this criminal activity; Pavelic found himself cooperating with the
Chetnik movement of Draza Mihajlovic. Although Pavelic urged the Croatians to
destroy-the_Serbians, and MiLajlovic urged the Serbians to destroy the Croatians,
Pavelic and Mihajlovic were making arrangements to cooperate uith each other,
drawing up formal mtitten contracts, starting with those in East Bosnia and
concluding with Pavelic's order in 1945 to welcome and conduct Mihajlovic's
Dinaric Division through Croatia with due care and courtesy, favors granted only
to friends and arlies.
Pavelic continued his criminal activity after his escape from Yugoslavia,
serving new bosses and receiving generous help from foreign imperialists and the
Vatican. He organized individuals and groups and sent them into Yugoslavia to
underting-and"deitroy Yugoslavia.
Dr Mato Frkovic
Dr Mato Frkovic, one of Pavelic's closest coworkers, was Minister of the
Interior in Pavelic's Ustashi government from August 1944 to the liberation.
Frkovic was one of. the most important links in the chain of high-ranking Ustashi
commanders. All Ustashi police and officials were subordinate to him. They
transmitted and carried out his orders for the extermination of all freedom-
loving people in Croatia.
Frkovic's responsibility is twofold. As an active member of Pavelic's
government he is responsible for its criminal policy, which conducted the ex-
termination of the Serbian and Croatian population by killing, removal to
concentration camps, purges, etc. This government also organized other trai-
torous military groups such as the home-defense groups, the Moslem volunteer
divisions, and other troups which put at the disposal of the German
occupation troops and fought with them against the National Liberation Army.
Frkovic in directly responsible for the work and acts of the Ustashi police,
which were under his direct command. Through the Main Directorate of Public
Order andLSecurity in Zagreb and through his regional and district represent-
atives and other organs of the Ministry of the Interior, he issued orders and
instructions for the mass arrest of innocent people and torturing and killing
throughout the jails in Croatia. Prkovic's responsibility is especially great
for the organization and administration of extermination camps modeled after
the Nazi camps at Dachau, Auschwitz, and Belsen. After the most bestial tortures,
about 600,000 people were killed at Jasenovac. Most of the killings were at
the end of 1944 and the beginning cf 1945, when Frkovic was Minister of the
Interior, so that this could not have been done without his knowledge and approval.
Frkovic also bears responsibility for the liquidation of several thousand
men, women,, and children in the Stara Gradiska concentrationcamp from 30 August
1944 to the end of 1944, when the camp was closed. Between May 1944 and May 1945,
sevJral thousand innocent people were killed in Lepoglava, the former state
prison. Inmates who were not liquidated when these camps were closed, were bound
with wire and depwted to Jacenovac where they had to share the fate of other
prisoners in that camp.
Frkovic was also responsible for the robbing of priaoners by Ustashi in all
the concentration camps, especially at Jasenovac and Stara Gradiska, where the
Ustashi took everything of any value. '
Hilmija Muhamedov Beslagic
RiLnuija Muhamedov Beslagic, prefect (zupan) of the Pliva-Rama alma (zupa),
Minister of Transportation and Public Works in Pavelic's government, belonged to
the Ustashi organization before the war. After thz. establishment of the
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the Independent State of Croatia he vas appointed prefect of the Pliva-Rana
area in Jajce on 7 June 1941. Be remained in this position until 9 August 1941,
when he-waseappointed.Minister of Transportation and Public Works.
As prefect of the Pliva-Rama area he was responsible for the following
crimes:
The Ustashi attached various villages in Jajee Srez on 15 June, L3 June-,
and 2 August 1941, captured about 3,000 Serbians, looted all their property,
and burned down their homes. Some were slaughtered in their homes, others
burned alive, but most were taken to concentration camps and slaughtered.
At the same time, the Ustashi tock about 2,000 Serbs to concentration camp;
and killed. theneall there. They completely burned down Djumezlija, Perucica:
Cankovac. Prisoj, Zanviee, end many otaiee villages. on ( November, 22 July, and
a August1941theyattacked various villages in Bugojno Srez, arrested 512 Serbians,
including a large number of women and children, and after torturing them
killed them. The, property of the killed was .00ted and their homes burned.
On 7 June, 20June) 13 July, 28 July, 2 August, and 11 December 1941, the
Ustashi arrested 1,570 Serbians in Livno Srez, tortured them cruelly, and then
killed them by stabbing them to death, burning them alive in their homes, or
throwing them into mines.
In the first hall* of August 1941, the Ustashi arrested 5,000 Serbs in the
Glamoc area, killed them after bestial tortures, and burned maey villages to the
ground.
These crimes are only a part of the numerous crimes committed by the Ustashi
on the orders or with the approval of Beslagic.
Dragutin Rupcic
Dragutin Rupcic, air force general, commander of the air Force of the
Independent State of Croatia, and judge uf the military coure in keagreb, ordered
aircraft to bomb unnrotected, civilians in the Kordun area, :requently leading the
bombers himself. lie actively participated in organizing and sending v)lunteer
legions, especially of pilots, to the Eastern Front to fight against the Red. Army.
In July 1942, he took over the command of the notorious Ustashi 3d Mountain
Corpr for the raid in the Kozara area. By his order and under his direction
hundreZs of nen, women, and children in this area were killed, while thousands
were taken to the Jasenovac concentration camp, where they were clubbed or
stabbed to death.
As judge of the military court of Zabreb, Rupcic signed hundreds of death
sentences of military persons who tried to serve theentereete of their people
and Allies against the occupation troops. In May 1944, he se, tenced a group
of sympathizers of the National Liberation Movement. Eight persons were
sentenced to death; six were actually shot.
Jozo Rukavina
Jozo Rukavina, Ustashi colonel and commander of police unt!:,e of the Croatian
armed fees in Zagreb, had been sworn into the Ustashi before the wax. On
9 May 1941, he became the president of the extraordinary court in Karlovac,
later was appointed police director of the Vuke area in Vukovar, then director
of the Ustashi police in Zagreb, and finally commander of the armed forces police
in Zagreb.
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Among the many crimes for which Rukavina is responsible are the following:
Ivan Ljubic and 18 other persons were arrested on Rukavina's orders on
6 October 1943 and tortured by impalement and beating; Rukavina participated
personally.
Ten persons arrested as hostages were hanged on Rukavina 'a orders at
Dubrava on 20 December 1943.
From 21 January 1942 to 18 January 1944, Ustashi criminals, among whom
Rukavina was prominent, tortured; killed, and. starve l prisoners in the Ustashi
police jail in Zagreb, in the Croatian armed forces police jail in Zagreb and
its branches, in the Savska Cesta jail in Zagreb, and the concentration camps
in Stara Gradiska and jasenovac. Many were starved to death and thousands of
men, women,' and children were killed in various bestial
On Eukavina's orders in August 1942, 1,200 Jews were arrested in Zagreb,
handea over to the German authorities and deported to concentratior camps in
Germany. None of them ever returned home.
Ventura Beljak
Ventura Beljak, Ustashi lieutenant colonel in Pavelic's body guard, is
guilty of the following crimes:
In July 1941, he went to Slunj to liquidate the Serbians in that area. His
Ustashi arrived at Zecevo on 4 August 194). surrounded the village, seized all
inhabitants, took them to Slunj, and butchered 83 persons including women and
children and threw them into the Gracanova pit near the Slunj cemetery.
On 25 July 1942, Beljak leading an Ustashi unit, and the "RE" Italian
Division killed 19 persons in Kik, looted the village, and burned it.
In February, Ustashi under the command of Beljak and Italian units frou the
"RE" Division attacked Gornja P'oca. Most of the vIllage people had previously
escaped but 22 old men, women, and children who remained in the village were
stabbed to death. The village was then looted and burned.
Ivica Matkovic
ivica Matkovic, Ustashi captain and commandant of tba Jasenovac concen,
tr.tion camp from 1 January 1942 to 23 March 1943, ordered or participated in
the robbing, torturing, and killing of several thousand prisoners in the camp.
Among the numerous crimes for which Matkovic was responsible are the
following:
In January 1942, 30c. sick prisoners were stabbed or bl'Idgeoned to death by
his order.
In February 1942, Matkovic gave orders to sttip five prisoners of their
clothing, bind them with barbed wire, and keep them naked outside in the bitter
cold for a full hour. e then personally shot them in the back.
On 6 January 1942, after an inspection of prisoners, Matkovic picked out
56 of them and nad them killed with spades.'
Over 40,000 gypsies, including women. and. children, were liquidated between
March and August 1942. They were bound with barbed wire, bludgeoned to death
and thrown into large pits. Matkovic ordered these crimes and personally
supervised their execution.
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In the fill of 1942; 400 children of liquidated prisoners were bludgeoned
to death on the direct orders of Matkovic.
By Matkovic's direct order, 8.00 Jews were liquidated. in the camp between
17 and 20 November 1942.
Inmates of Block IIIC in the concentration camp, who had been marked for
liquidation, were said to have typhus. Since they were given no food, 200 of
them died. from atarvation. The remaining 35 were shut up naked in a shack
where they soon died from starvation.
Dobrosav Jevdjamia
Dobrosav Jevdjevic, Duke (vojvoda) of Nevesinje. Draza Mihnilatatc
representativf. aacIt.i1 aaalerman military commanders, and political
representative for Draza Mihajlovic in Bosnia-Hercegovina, was the most active
organizer of the chetniks in Bosnia-Hercegovina, and Dalmatia, first with
Italian and later with German help. Be wa_ Draza Mihajlovic's main link
between the Italians and Germans. He held conferences and made contracts on
behalf of Draza Mihajlovic with the German and Italian military staffs for
cooperation against the National Liberation Movement.
Jevdjevic organized cooperation between the chetniks and the occupation
troops in battles and in war crimes by seeing to it that the chetnik comman-
ders issued orders for such cooperation or by issuing the orders himself.
On 19 August 1942, chetnik units attacked Foca by orders of Draza
Mihajlovic. Jevdjevic forwarded Draza Mihajlovic's orders to the chetniks
although he was very well aware that a terrible massacre would take place
because of the provocation aroused by Ustashi crimes againet the Serbians,
and because of their comManders, constant incitement to such action.
Foca was conquered after a brief fight on the same day. Of the 1,600
chetnike participatirg in this attack only four were killed. Although there
was practically no resistance and no Ustashi troops in Foca, the chetniks
massacred the Moslem population killing about 1,000 persons, including 300
women and children.
The chetniks participated in the action of the 6th and 18th Italian Army
Corps in August 1942 against the partisan forces holding the Biokovo mountains,. ?
Wholesale massacres of the peaceful population of the Biokovo and Mataska areas
took place; 150 people lost their lives and some villages were looted and burned
From 1 to 11 October 1942, the chetniks participated with Italian troops
in actions against scattered partisan units in the Siroki Breg mining area.
Jevdjevic made Joint preparations for this action with the Italian command. To
create enthusiasm for the attack Jevdjevic told the chetniks they were going
to fight the Ustashi. The Catholic and Moslem civilian population in Prozor
were massacred during this action; a total of 1,716 persons were killed in the
Prozor district, the entire area was looted, about 500 houses were burned, and.
all livestock was driven away. Jevdjevic personally instigated a settlement
with the Croatians. In Dreznice he made a speech to the Chetnik units, thus
starting the killing of the population.
Momailo Djujic
Momcilo Djujic, commander of the Dinaric chetnik Division, orgaaized the
division during the enemy occupation. Be participated with the division in
occupation and military operations, first as an integral part of the Italian
armed forces, from July 1941 to September 1943; and of she Garman armed forces!,
from 1943 to May 1945. Among countless crimes he is responsible for the following:
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General Armelini, commander of the Italian 18th Army Corps, reported that
the action of July 1942 in the Bruvno area in Like, had turned that area into
a desert.
In September 1942 in Gati, 98 persons were killed and 30 wounded, and
115 houses were burned. Djujic's chetniks carried off everything portable
that the flames had not destroyed, loaded the loot on freight cars put at their
disposal by General Spigo, and transported it to Kein. Kotlenice, Dugo Polje,
and Gornji Dtlac were looted and burned down on this occasion.
Peel was burned down during an operation is. the Bosanako Grahovo area.
Djujic reported in a handwritten letter: "We have set fire to Peci. The entire
village is burning."
In MAy 1941, Dju,licIc c'ectelke ei,Lackeciettakozina. In a forest close by
they found 22 year-old Dusan Kontic, 16 year-old'Stevo Meeizalo, and 14 year-
old Dane Menizalo. They cut all three to pieces.
In October 1944, Djujic's chetnikaarrested the peasant Nikola Skenzic in
Stare, tortured him, and then killed him with a blunt instrument.
Miodrag Damjanovic
Miodrag Damjanovic, brigadier general on the general staff of the former
Yugoslav Army, head of quisling activity in prisoner-of-war camps up to the
spring of 194.4, chief of the cabinet in Nedic's government in Belgrade, and
toward the end of 1944 commander of the Special Section of the Supreme Command
of Draza Mihajlovic, was the main propagandiat in the Nuernberg and Hammelsburg
prisoner-ofewar camps for cooperation with the occupation in Yugoslavia and in
the camps. He recruited volunteers for armed service with the occupation and
made special efforts to get signatures to the Nuernberg Statements, which
gave full support to Milan Nedic's quisling government in Belgrade. He organ-
ized and directed espionage for t'e enemy in prisoner-of-war camps.
In the spring of 1944, 1,e was released from the prisonertf-war camp and
was appointed chief of thu zabimet of the president of the quisling government
in Belgrade. In this capacity he was Milan Nedic's associate in the crimes
committed by armed units, special police, and other organs of Nedlc's
government. He strengthened the eonnections, between Nedic's government and
Mihajlovic's chetniks. After the Nedic-Draza Mibajlovic-Ljotic agreement he
became commander of the united quisling armed forces in the aervice of the enemy:
Wilhelm Keiper
Wilhelm Helper, major general, became commander of the Field Command in
Cetinje in Montenegro, after the Italian capitulation and the commencement of
the German occupation of Montenegro.
In this capacity, he issued orders to kill captured soldiers of the '
National Liberation Army, and to take and shoot hostages in reprisal for the
slaying of German soldeers and Yugoslav quislings. Ten hostages were shot on
9 December 1943. He issued another order on the same occasion to arrest 50
more hostages and threatened to shoot them if a member of the field rommand
who had been captured during an attack on a truck was not released by 18 De-
cember1943. He also issued orders to arrest several hostages in Rijeka,
Bjelosi, and Cetinje, who were to be shot or hanged if attacks were made on
members of the German armed forces, importarit inetallations, or members oftte
national adminiatration.
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In the beginning of January 1944, he gave orders to hang two captured
meMbers of the National Liberation Army. He ordered the shooting of ten .
hostages in Bar on 6 July and seven hostages in Risen on 7 July in reprisal
for an attack on a German courier's car at Sutomore on 3 July 1944. In mid-
July 1944 he ordered the shooting of ten hostages in reprisal for an attack
on a courier car.
Brandt
Brandt, SS captain and head of several Gestapo sections in Belgrade, vas
responsible for Gestapo mass arrests of citizens, blue-collar workers, women,
and children in Belgrade. After sadistic torturing,they were killed of deported
to the Banjica concentration camp. There they were subjected to terrible
torture, starvation, or extermination either in the camp, or on the shootine
range at Jajinci or were deported to fnr,,?,3_ le Germany. Of several tens
of 1-110==r-ez er persons thrown into the camp, about 10,000 were killed on the
shooting range at Jajinci. The concentration camp in Sajmiste and other camps
were of the same type.
As chief of the Gestapo in Belgrade, Brandt personally arrested and
interrogated many victims. On one occasion he arrested nine persons; two
were shot and three deported to the Mauthausen concentration camp.
Dr Guenther Bergemann
Guenther Bergemann, ministerial director and from April 1941 to October
1942 assistant to the general economic commissioner for Serbia, is respon-
sible for economic looting through currency and credit measures, fines,
confiscation of property, requisitions, and forced. labor.
Bergemann participated in the conference at Zabreh on 4 June 1941, where
It was decided to deport .Slovenians and Croatians to Serbia. The deportation
was to be completed in three phases. The first phase to be completed by
10 July1941wastoinclude the deportation of 5,000 Solvenians, so-called
politically unreliable intellectuals, from Styria to Serbia. The second phase
was to include the deportation of 25,000 Slovenians to Croatia between 10 July
and 31 August. The third phase was to include the deportation of about 65,000
Slovenians. mostly peasants, from Styria. and about 80,000 Slovenian peasants
from Carinthia to Serbia. About 147,,000 Serbians in Croatia and an
additional 30,000 Serbians without an established residence !el Ceoatia vcre to
be deported to Serbia. Deported persons were to be permitted to take only
50 kilcgrams of baggage and 300 dinars in cash per person.
In a subsequent German order the entire deportation_plan was changed.
After 7,000 Slovenians had been deported to Serbia and 12,000 to Croatia,
and 12,525 Serbians had been deported from Croatia to Serbia, the deportation
was halted.
Dr Siegfried Ueberreither
Siegfried Ueberreither, chief of the Civil AdMinintration for Lower Styria,
State Commissioner and Gauleiter of Styria, authorized agent of the State
Commissar for Geruanization, and. Senior SA Grrep Leader, took over the duties
of chief of the Civil Administration on 14 April 1941, immediately after the
occupation of Lower Styria. His position exceeded that of a territorial
minister, for he had the unlimited power of a central aothority over all
administrative b-anches. Hitler also assigned hirt the task of transforming
Lower Styria into a German province.
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To achieve this goal he convened. -a.at Graz in May 1944 and
presided over it. Here it was decided to deport forcibly 260,000 Slovenians
to Serbia and Croatia. The departed persons were to be allowed to take only
50 kilograms of baggage and 500 dinars in cash per person. Because of the
change in the military situation on the Eastern Front the deportation was
not accomplished as plunapda,but official German records show that 17,055
persons ware deported from Lower Styria and 34,000 peasants were deported
from the Breza area to Silesiad
.Ueberreither ordered all Slovenian schools closed, forbade the use af
the Slovenian language, and destroyed all Slovenian libraries. At least
1,200,000 books were burned in Lower Styria.
To fulfill Hitler's order to transform Lower Styria :lets
province, by his order of 10 gay 194i he established the Styrian Fatherland
(6tojerska domnvinska zveza), which had the duty of leading the people
spiritually and politically and making them loyal citizens of the Reich and
members of the German community. Only those could become members who
unconditionally accepted Hitler and the Reich.
As Ihe highest representative of the german authorities in Lower Styria,
Ueberreither was responsible for all crimes committed in this area from
15 Apri3 l9hato9 MaY1945e including killings and massacres, killing of hos-
tages, systematic terrorization, deportation to concentration camps, tortur-
ing of citizens, etc.
On 16 August 1941, immediately after the killing of the first hostages,
he issued an order by which all relatived Of slain hostages were sentenced
to deportation to Auschwitz and Mauthausen concentration camps and their
property confiscated. .
A compulsory military organization was established within the Styrian
fatherland front. Every member of the front had to serve in it from his 18th
to his 50th year. This military organization was used against the partisans.
By his orders of 24 and 26 March 1942, Ueberreither introduced compul-
sory labor and compulsory military service in Lower Styria. In March, ten
classes were forcibly mobilized and sent mostly to the Eastern Front.
Mario Roatta
Mario Roatta, general of the army and supreme military commander of the
Second Army located in Slovenia and Dalmatia, was responsible for issuing
directives and orders to subordinate commanders to commit war crimes such
as the following: All persons captured in tattle with or without arms were
to be shot, and all able-bodied males over 15 years of age were to be
interned regardless of nationality, religion,occepation, or duty. Such
orders were issued with tha sole perpose of terrorizing the civilian popu-
lation and exterminating all who might resist the Italian occupation. Roatta
issued Order No 550 of January 1943 to shoot all captured members of the
National liberation Army, in contravention of international lavs of war. This
was done in connection with purges which he ordered in the zone extending
in length from Karlovac to Knit and in depth to the Glina-Bosanski Novi-Sanski
Most-Kljuc line.
Roatta also bears the responsibility for issuing "Circolare 3C" of
1 .riarch 3942 and "CircoIare 4C" of 1 April 1942 for identical actions to Italian
armed units. He is also responsible for orders imposing collective responsibility
on the civilian population for acts of sabotage committed in their areas. Hostages
were to be seized and executed if persons responsible for the sabotage were not
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discovered within 48 hours. Individuals, families, and sometimes entire villages
were to be interned, individual houses and sometimes entire villages demolished,
and food, feed, and ltvestock Confiscated. On 23 August 1943, Roatta issued
Order No11780 that all captured members of the National Liberation Army were to
be shot.
Roatta incurred additional responsibility for the countless war crimes
committed in Slovenia, Croatia, and Dalmatia by Italian military units under
his command. Thousands of persons were shot (1,000 hostages and 200 captured
partisans were shot'in Slovenia alone), hundreds of villages were burned down,
thousands of persons were taken to concentration camps, and masses of people
were robbed. Internees, especially in the Zlaxin and Rab concentration camps,
lived under the uost inhuman conditions. Thousands starved to death; 4,500
old men,,women and children died in Rab.
Mario Robotti
Mario Robotti, general of the army, commander of the 11th Army Corps in
Ljubljana, later commander of the Secona Army in Susak, was responsible for
transmitting orders of the Supreme Command for Slovenia and Dalmatia to his
troops for action against the civilian population and members of the National
Liberation Army, orders :contrary to the provi,"'.ons of international.law?He
also issued orders of the same sort. He ordered that all prisoners with or '
without arms captured in battle were to be killed, and that all able-bodied males
over 15 years of age in the area were to be interned.
Robotti was also responsible for issuing such orders as those on the
collective responsibility of civilians for sabotage committed in their areas
(persons were to be shot if those responsible for the sabotage were not found
within 48 hours); orders for the internment of individuals, families, and entire
villages; the demolition of individual houses or entire villages; and also the
confiscation of food and feed.
About 35,000 men, women and children were deported from Slovenia to
concentration camps in Italy (Conars, Visso, Monigo, Padva; Renici, Lipari,
Bagno A Ripoli) and to the Rab camp. In the Rab camp 4,500 people died from
sickness and starvation.
In applying the principle of collective responsibility for sabotage,
more than 1,000 hostages and several hundred captured partisans were shot.
Robotti organized military raids in which military units under his command
killed masses of people, terrorized the population, and burned houses for no
military purpose whatever.
Umberto Spigo
Umberto Spigo, division general, 'commander of the 18th Army Corps, is
responsible for having personall!, picked from the jail in Trogir 17 persons,
age 14-20 and ordered them shot. The order wan executed in the Seget cemetery.
The 1st Battalion of the 151st "Sassari" Infantry Division under his
command conducted Joint action with the chetniks in Bosansko Crahovo Srel,
plundered and burned houses in Peci on 25 March 1942, Pod Jelovnik in Sept-
ember and October 1941, and on 25 March 1952, and Tiskovac on 12 February 1942,
as well as deported individuals to concentration camps, and killed some.
On 16 November 1942, units under his command conducted joint action
with Che:tniks and carabinieri c?ainst Primosten near Sibenik, destroyed about
300 houses, killed 80 persons, and took 166 persons to concentration camps.
The property of the population was badly damaged or burned.
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Units of the "Sassari" Division under his command conducted actions tn
the Biograd ma Moru-Betine-Vodice-Sepurina area during 12 -114-May 1942 and
killed 23 innocent farmers and? fishermen from Cerov, Jal.uhpva,, and Grab.
In Ddbina, Graeae, and.Donji Lapac srezes, units under his command killed
14 persons inMekinjar with knives, shot 13 persons, burned down 170 houses,
and carried off and killed livestock on 27 January 1943. In Graeae Srez during
the latter part of January 1943 they burned down Mazin, Kletovica, Plecasa,
Gornji Lapac, Gajne, and the remains of Bruvno. On 28 February 1943, Spigo
commended the troops who had committed these crimes.
In July 1943, Umberto Spigo personally led units from Makarska against
Kele.. They m.streated the popuIatioa, looted the village, and burned down 12
buildings. Thirty-three persons were arrested, three were killed in Makarska,
and 115 persons were shipped to the Orals concentration camp, where they lived
under the worst conditions until Italy capitulated.
In April 1943, during purges in Grebasnica, Primnsten, and Rogoznica,
units under Spigots command killed three persons, burned down eight houses,
robbed and mistreated the civilian population, and took 515 men, women, and
children to Ularin concentration camp, where they were starved and beaten, so
tht 70 were killed, died, or disappeared.
Units under his command seized 28 men in Sekelazi and Nosici in Sestanovac
Srev., locked them in a house in Lovric and then burned the house so that they
were roasted alive. The same units first tortured and then killed 17 persons
in Lovric.
Giuseppe Bastianini
Giuseppe Bastianini, appointed governor of Dalmatia in May 1941, remained
in this position until February 1943. On 7 June 1941, he iasued a decree which
Outlined measures to combat the partisans. This decree denied members of the
Natiodal'Liberation Army and of the People's Youth their rights under inter-
national law, and included orders that they should be shot immediately on
capture, and their families and relatives taken as hostages. By the same order)
tastianini prohibited the deliv.try of food to all villages where any attack
by the Nations]. Liberation Army took place, or Where there was any sabotage.
In such cases, the village leaders and all who helped were to be shot.
By Decree 10835 of 13 June 1942, sastianini establis'sed the Vir con-
centration camp for families of Partisans, forcibly deporting them as hostages.
On 27 July 1942, he issued Order No 3833-11753 authorizing the police in
Zadar to eatablish the Moist concentration camp, where families of partisans
were to be confined.
Bastianini 's orders established such a system of terrorization that
carabinieri in individual carabinieri sta.:ions were authorized not only to .
arrest innocent people butt kill them. A total of 92,902 men, 5,929 women,
19,295 old men, and 1,378 children passed through /taly's notorious jails,
6,917 of them being abused and tortured, including 524 children.
In 15 days in July 1942, in the Vir.and Molat concentratIon camps, 52
persons from Zaton, 54 persons from Tfjezno, Betina, and Hurter, 240 persons
from Prvic, 98 persons from Zlarin and Krepanj, 197 persons from Vodice, 13
persons frsm Tribunj, and 321 persons from Sibenik were imprisoned. Tn
November 1942, 425 persons from Skradin, 166 from Primosten, 70 from Biograd ma
Moru, and 550 from Betina were shipped LEo Italy7 and interned. Bastianini
was able to report to Mussolini in a coded dispatch dated 18 July 194.2 "I
have done everything that I could to make the task (that is, the task of the
Italian army in Dalmatia) easier by arresting all members of partisan famiLies..."
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To a handwritten notation of General Spigo's Edict No 9180 of 19 Sep.-
Umber 1942 which said: "I urge the government of Dalmatia to ?.xeminc thc pos-
sibilities of arplying the following measures against the persona and property
of. the partisans: internment of their families and confiscation. of their
property as is being done in Slovenia,!! Bastianini replied, "I have already
Jone this."
Hastianini bears special responsibility for the establishment of the
Extraordinary Court of Dalmatia. Although he actually established this court
on 13 October 1941 with his Decree No 34, he changed the date to 11 October
1911.1. for the sole purpose of making it applicable to 13 innocent citizens'
arrested in connection with the murder -of the Italian spy Scotone on 1.1 Oc-
tober 194i in Sibenik-.. These citizens were put on trial before the court
and were sentenced in a summary proceedina aithout any c:-.-Idest.ei six of tnem
wei'e sentenced to death and the others to many years in prison. The death
sentences were carried out immediately after the trial.
Bastianini also had a part 'in the functioning of the Special Court for
Dalmatia, established by Mussolini's order of 24 October 1941. He selected
and appointed judges, ruled on court procedures, and issued orders to extend
the court's jurisdiction.
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