ELECTRIC POWER DEVELOPMENT IN ECONOMIC REGION II-B, USSR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700190268-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 6
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 24, 2011
• Sequence Number: 268
• Publication Date: July 21, 1954
• Content Type: REPORT

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COL'JTRY
SUBJECT
CLASSIFICATION CONFI_ DENTIgL
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS
USSR, Belorussian SSR
Economic - Electric power
HOW
PUBLISHED Daily newspapers, books
WHERE
PUBLISHED USSR
DATE
PUBLISHED 1936-27 Apr 1954
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REPORT
CD N0.
DATE OF
INFORMATION 1,27_152
DATE DIST. a I Jul 1954
N0. OF PAGES 6
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT N0.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
ELECTR_ IC_ ptplrg; DEyFyOP~,r IN ECONOMIC REGION II-b USSR
[Numb era in parentheses refer to appended sources.]
At the outset of the First Five-Year Plan the total capaci+.y of the elec-
tric power atatiors in the Belorussian SSR (USSR Economic Region II-b) was
14,400 kilowatts, or 2.7 times the 1913 capacity, and their output duri:.g
1927-ty28 was 37.3 million kilowatt-hours, or 8.9 times the 1913 output. The
power stations included municipal stations with a total capacity of 8,300 kilo-
wattsand an output of 18.2 million kilowatt-hours, rural stations with a capac-
ity of 400 kilowatts and an output of 0.6 million kilowatt-hours, and stations
serving industries and transport with a total capacity of 5,700 kilowatts and
an output of 18.5 million kilowatt-hours.
Zme largest of the municipal electric paver stations were in Minsk (3,020
kilowatts), Gomel' (2,000 kilowatts), Vitebsk ',980 kilowatts), and in Bobruysk
(650 kilowatts). The largest industrial power station having two turbogenera-
tors with a total capacity of 1,350 kilowatts was in operation at tF.e Dobrush
Paper Factory.('1)
First Five-Year Plan
Belorussian SSR,, walsgcomplet~,ed and putsintogoperationcatltheend ofa1930?inltee
output went to the large industrial cities of Vitebsk, Shklov, Orsha, and Mogi-
lev through a newly built network of high-voltage transmission lines.
A number of industrial electric power stations were constructed to supply
power to the newly built or reconstructed large industrial plants. The TETa
at the Borisov Match Factory with a capacity ~f 2,000 kilowatts and the TETs
at the Bobruysk Lumber Combine with a capacity of 8,500 kilowatts were com-
pleted and put into operation in 1929? Anew TETs with a capacity of 3,500
kilowatts xas put into operation at Dobrush Paper Factory in 1931? Mogilev-
akaya TETs with a capacity of 5,000 kilowatts, Novo-Belitskaya TETs with 1,000
STATE
ARMY
NAVY
AIR
CLASSIFICATION CONFIDEIu~IAL
NSRB
FBI
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Y,ilowntts, and a TLZs of 2,500 kilowatts at the Krichev Cement Plc+^.t were
into operation in 1932? Also, construction of the Mlnskaya TETs No 2 was
started in 1931. Put.
S-multaneously with the construction of new power stations, the .:x_sting
municipal power stations were enlarged. By the end of the First Five-Year Plan
the capacity. of the Minsk Electric Power Station was increased to 5,700 kilo-
watts, that of the Gomel' Electric Power Station to 5,000 kilowatts, and that
of the Bobr4Ysk Electric Power Station to 1,550 };ilowatts.
As n result of these measures the total ca
b~? the end of the First Five-Year Pls* had increasedyto 60,000rkil~~atrestations
+''? output foi? 1932 was 7.76.7 million kilowatt-hours.
able increases, electric and
Power capacity was still lagging behindothehincr^asing
general industrial ,capacity, causing thereby a shortage of electric power.(1)
Second Five-Year Plan
In 193}~ the first turbogenerator xith a capacity of 6,000 kilowatts was put
into operation at Minskaya TETs No 2. This doubled the electric ouer
capacity of 1?finsl;. Electric power stations in Gociel' and Polotsk were enlarged
considerabl P generating
Y? Anew TES with a capacity of 1,000 );ilowatts was completed in
Sluts}; and oti:er power stations were completed in a number of rayon centers.
In 1937 the second turbogenerator with a capacity of 2,000 kilowatts was
put into operation at the Krichev Cement Plant TETs. Smaller industrial power
stations xere put into operation in BobruysY., Rechitsa, and other points.
reorganizedrintoeBelenergoupnvlenyer( e].orussinnoPower~Administration .
administration was instrumental in the development of the network3ofaelectric
Power stations under the , ) This
,jurisdict_on of the government of the Delorussinn SSR.
During the Second Five-Year Plan the Northern Power System too}; shape and
its capacity increased with the inclusion of the Diogilevsknyn TETs. Furthermore,
work was started to enlarge the He1GRES, the backbone of the system.
At the end of the Second Five-Yea.. plan 'he total electric
in 18 power-generating
capacity of t}~e Belorussian SSR increased to x,600 kilowatts, and tY,c output
37 was h30.4 million kilowatt-hours. However, ttie increase in capacity was
stilh smaller than the increase in general industrial capacity. The increase
in the power output was achieved mainly by utilizin to the utmost all available
electric-power generating facilities. Delays in completion of electric power
stations during the period resulted in power shortages in a number of industrial
centers.(1)
Third Five-year Plan
To expedite electrification, a long-range plan i'or the development of pest
production xas adopted by the government of the Belorussian SSR. The Third Five-
Year P:an provided for an increase of 100,000 kilowatts (over 100 percent) in
the electric-power-generating capacity, while industrial capacity was to be in-
creased only 50 percent. This was a step toward the liquidation of the electric
power shortage.
In connection with the decision for locating new industries, plans were made
for the cYeation of three powerful electric power centers: a northern center
including Be1GRES, a southern center? including a regional electric power station
to be built in Vasilevicli~i; and~8'~`ljj~ral center including a GRES to be built
in Smolevichi.
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Be1GRES No 1 was enlarged during the period, thus increasing considerably
the capacity of the Northern Power System. In Minsk the work of installing
the second turbogenerator at TETs No 2 was under way durin
Year Plan, and the TET
th
Th
g
e
ird Five-
s in Borisov was being enlarged, A number of new elec-
tric power stations were under construction in Mozyr', Polotsk, and other cities.
was united3witheSaviet BeloxvssiaBelS nceithehlevel8ofbelectricr Polish rule
of Belorussia power develop-
ment in the newly acquired regions was considerably lower than that in the rest
power generatinit became necessary to take immediate measures to increase the
g capacity there.
The outbreak of the war prevented the completion of .the Third Five-Year
Plan? The construction of the electric power stations in Vasilevichi, Smolevichi,
and in western Belorussia was stopped at an early stage, The work on enlarging
the Mins}mya TETa and Borisovskaya TEPs was also left uncompleted.
At the outbreak of the war the total generating capacity in eastern Belo-
russia was 20 times the 1913 capacity, and their output was 112 times 1913 out-
put. The output by categories expressed in percent was as follows:
Stations
~`'~ Output
Regional '
'
30.0
Municipal
37.0
Industrial
30.0
Transport
1.9
Rural
0.6
Others
100.0
In spite of the rapid development or the power-generating capacity during
this period, the output was still insufficient;o satisfy the existing demand.
An insufficient number of large regional electric
nary for most of the industries to depend on relatively smalloand detachedepower
stations. This very often led to an interruption of the power supply t ?anse
of breakdowns. Electric power output per capita in Polesskaya and Pinskaya
oblasts was about one half of the average output for the whole Belorussian SSR,
and there was not n single GES of any appreclabl~ size in operation in the
republic in spite of the existing rich water resources.(1)
War and Immediate Postwar Years
Almost s11 electric power stations in the Belorussian SSR were destroyed
during the war and after liberation the electric power generating capacity was
again at the 1913 level.
Beloruseaergo (Delorussian Regional Power Administration) was organized by
the Ministry of Electric Power Stations USSR after the liberation of Belorussia
to construct large power systems based on large regional electric power stations.
In 1945 the Belenergoupravleniye, which had been under Narkomkhoz, Belorussian
SSR, was reorganized into Glavenergoupravleniye (Main Power Administration) and
placed under the Council of 191nisters Belorussian SSR. This organization was
entrusted with the restoration of electric power stations under the ,jurisdiction
of the Belorussian SSR.
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The following capacities were restored in 1944 and 1945:
Gomel'shays TsES J turbogenerator of
3,~C kw
Grodnenskaya TsES 1 turbogenerator of 1,4pp kw
Slutskaya TsE5 Capacity increased to 1750 ku
Volkovysk Cement Restored completely
Plant TsES
Borisovskaya TETs 1 turbogenerator
O.ld Dobrushskaya 1 turbogenerator
TsES
The electric power output in 1945 was X2.1 million Y.ilowatt-hours.(1)
Fourth Five-Year Plan..
The Fourth Five-Year Plan provided for the restoration of old electric
power stations, the building of new electric power stations, and the creation
of three large power systems, the building of which was authorized by the pre_
war Five-Year Plan.(1)
According to the plan, electric power stations with a total capacity of
243,000 kilowatts were to be restored, small hydroelectric power stations with
a total capacity of 16,000 kilowatts were to be built, and the municipal power
stations in Gomel', Mozyr', Grodno, and other cities were to be restored. Elec-
tric power stations under republic ~ttrisdiction with s total capacity of 47,000
kilowatts, including hydroelectric power stations with a total capacity of 10,000
kilowatts, were to be completed.(2)
The n7n~ to `~arease the power-generating capacity to 2.2 times prewar capac-
ity and industrial capacity to 116 percent of prewar capacity indicated the trend
toward bringing the lagging electric-power-generating capacity in line with the
industrial capacity.
Althou?s; at the end of 194& total elactric power generating ca (c;ty was
116 percent of prewar capacity, there was still a shortage of power. 1
Among the plants restored or newly built during the plan period were:
Minskaya TETs No 2, Be1GRES No 1 imeni Stalin, and electric power stations in
Grodno, Mozyr', Gomel', Molodechno, Bobruysk, Brest, Bsranovichi, Slutsk and
others. The Minsk Industrial TETs was also completed and the Smolevichskaya
GRES,was almost completed. Construction of the Vasilevichskaya GRES uas not
completed, nor was the goal fo~? the number of new hydroelectric power stations
reached.(3)
Tentative plans for the further electrification of the Belorussian SSR
after the completion of the Fourth Five-Year Plan provide for an increase in the
power generating capacity to approximately 1.5 or 1.A illion kilowatts. This
could be achieved by carrying out the following work:
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c_s
output
1944
5.3 (a)
4.2 (a)
82.1 (a)
1946
1945
217.0 (g)
1949 370.0 (h)
1948 124.0 (a)
523.0 (i)
654.0 (b,c)
1952
-- .940.0 (,~)
(a) Minslc, Sotsialisticheskoye IJarodnoye Khozyaystvo Belorusskoy SSR
1949ional Economy of Belon:osian SSR), Academy of Sciences Belorussian SSR,
(b) Moscow, Zakon o Pyatiletnem Plane Voss:anovleniya i Razvitiye Idarodnogo
Khozyaystva SSSR na 1946-1950 Kg;- :(fie Law om the Five-Year Plan for the
Restoration and Development of the National Econorgy of the USSR, 101+6-1950)
alz, Gospolitizdat, 191+6.
(c) Minsk, Sovetskaya Belorussiya, 8 Jul 51: "The Fourth .Five-Year Plan
for production of electric power was exceeded."
(d) Moscow, SSSR Strana Sotsializma (USSR, Country of Socialism), Gosplan,
1936.
(e) Sovetskaya Belorussiya, 19 Jan 51.
(f) old'' 7 Aug 5i' ~~1950 output wr 144 pei nt of 1940 output."
put.'(8) Ibid., 17 Jan 50: "Planned ,;;put for 1950 was 300 percent of 1946 out-
(h) Ibid., No 1;, 50: "Output in 1949 was 141 percent of 191+~ output."
(i) Ibid., 30 Jan 51: "Output for 1950 uas 125 percent of 1949 output "
(~) Yerevan', Kommunist, 31 Dec 53 'Output in 1952 was almost twice the
prewar output."
X950 191.9 (e)
1. Minsk, Sotsialisticheskoye Narodnoye Khozyaystvo Helorusskoy SSR
(National Econotrq. of Belorussian S:RT, Acadeap? of Sciences Belorussian
SsR 1949
2. Moscow, Zakon o Pyatiletnem Plane Vosstanovleriya i Razvitiya Narodnogo
Khozyaystva SSR na 1946-1950 se? (The law on the Five-Year Plan for
the Restoration and Development of the National Economy of the USSR,
1y46-1950) oclz, Gospolitizdat, 1946
3. Minsk, Sovetskaya Belorussiya, 8 Jul 51
4. Moscow, Pravda, 27 Apr 54
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CONFID
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