ORGANIZATION ADVANCES AND DEFICIENCIES AT USSR HEAVY MACHINE BUILDING PLANTS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700180461-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 6, 2011
• Sequence Number: 461
• Publication Date: June 4, 1954
• Content Type: REPORT

Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700180461-9
DATE
PUBLISHED 12 Apr-18 Nov 1953
LANGUAGE Russian
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
ORGANIZATIOiIAL ADVaES a D DEFICIENCIES
!T l1 f;P, fIl]:iVt K.1CiiII^: '_UILDING PLVITS
PRODUCTION AcCOU;dTI1;r, RAI;P, PRODUCTI'ITi --
13 Aug 5? ,llma-At., Eszakhst:nska;;u Pravda,
The Stslno Machin, P.ui;din~ P'a.^.t irneni :5 Let!,,., F:omsomoia Ukrain has
establishe.i a new n stem r?f '.ail; ?, ?o;iuction :rccountin.
schedule in norm-hours has L In tors and a a,~rk
cer; net un for machine-tool operators andassem-
blers. At the end of the wcrking day, it can be ascertained exactly how the
equipment, has been utillzcrl. If the sche:isle is not fulfilled, it is possible
to determine and elininat,r the causes of rrachine-tool eatopinges.
With the aid of this svste?, the r?5,lu-tion un!t shop is daily putting
out 160 norm-hours of work above schedule. 'Other shops hnve also increased
their f:oductivi?y, and the plant as a whole is - ;;uciu,- more for the same
expenditures.
Other plants have _^hown interest in the accounting system.
PL'.H TO ELIWIipATE DEFICIE:ICI C -- Moscow,. Mnskoveke',a Pravda, '3 Sep 5,
Serious defirienries at the Elektrostal' Novo-Kramatorskiy Fl.ant, re-
ported in a 1?1,oskovskaa P_?avde _,rti-le, aye acknowledged by the 'inistry of
Transport and tterie !'espies T'tri'd in'.
The ministry states that the basic shortcomings are unsatisfactory work
and los-level merhanication of the prerk3;atorv shops Burin; the current ccn-
struction operations. These shops produce an incomplete suppl;: of semi-
finished items.
.PUBLISHED Daily newspapers DATE DIST. y' Jun 1954
CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENTIAL
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
COUNTRY USSR
DATE OF
SUBJECT Economic; Technological. - Heavy machine building, INFORMATION
HOW industrial management
WHERE
PUBLISHED USSR
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Measures have been worked out to improve production organization. The
Main Administration of Heavy Machine Building Enterprises has re the
vised
plan for increasing the production of semifinished items as well as for in-
creasing gross production. The administration is concentrating on setting up
a division for preparing molding sand, mechanizing its delivery to the molders,
and rebuilding two annealing furnaces.
The plant has been allotted materials for casting hydroturbine blades in
molds of chrome-magnesite composition. This will improve the quality of the
castings and reduce the cost of cleaning them.
Construction of the iron foundry is to be speeded up. When completed,
the foundry will release two bays for steel ast.in,7.
POOR PLANNING HAP'.FERS WORK -- Moscow, Pravda, 13 Aug 53
In the postwc:r period, the Sv,-rdlovsk. Uralmash Plant 'meni Ordzhordkidzr
has produced more than 200 types of machines, including excavators with j-cubic-
r bucket capacities, and powerful mills for making rails and structural
steel. The plant has also built machines for its own use in molding large,
heavy parts.
In the past !; }the plant's production coats have been reduced al-
most 25 percent. S ndardiraticn of products has played a
cost reductions. role in these
.
There are still serious shortcomings at the plant. In some of the shops,
labor is not well organized. Though waste has been reduced there remains
room for improvement. Work is still irregular, due partly to planning au-
thorities, since yearly and quarterly plans are received too late.
Production 'night he considerably higher if the growth of the semifin-
ished-metal shops had been commensurate with that of the machine shops. Un-
fortunately the Ministry of Transport and Heavy Machine Building and the
Ministry of Construction underestimate the importance of a balanced develop-
ment of shops.
The Uralmash Plant 9s experiencin- shortages of forged and cast semifin-
ished products, while a number of enterprises in the Ministry of Transport
and Heavy Machine Building are not properl' utilizing their new facilities
for the manufacture of the products. As a result, there is increased pro-
curement of supplies from distant areas, placing an undue burden on transpor-
tation facilities. For example, iron castings are received from the Ukraine,
and plate and bar stock from the Donbass, though these products are produced
at metallurgical plants of the Urals.
The Uralmash plant is obliged to make, for its own use, some small units
and standard parts which could be produced it one fourth the cost by special-
ized plants. -- K. Vinogradov, Director, Sverdlovsk Uralmash Plant imeni
Ordzhonikidze
ASK CENTRALIZED CASTING OPERATIONS -- Kishinev, Sovetskaya Moldaviyu, 12 Apr 53
An engineer of the Kishinev Machiner,, Plant imeni Kotovskiy writes that
the time has come to centralize the production of castings to effect economies,
to use productive facilities more fully, and to achieve higher quality. He
cites the case of the foundry at his own plant, which has two cupolas, each
with a 3.5-ton capacity. If adequately utilized, this foundry should serve all
seven plants in the Kishinev area which are now using their own foundries.
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USE FACILITIES FAR BELOW CAPACITY -- Moscow, Pravda, 17 Oct 53
At the Chelyabinsk Strommashina Plant of the Ministry of Transport and
Heavy Machine Building, in 1953, the cupola was utilized at only 35.6 percent
of capacity, the electric furnace, at 51 percent, and the Bessemer converter,
at only 18 percent.
These low figures are attributed to a shortage of working area. While
this is partially true, even under the present conditions many more castings
could be turned out if facilities were better oraan'zed.
SUPPLIES TANGLED IN RED TAPE -- Moscow, Moskovskay-; Pravda, 18 Nov 53
The Moscow Machinery Plant of 1?"oskul'tstroy (Moscow Cultural Buildings
Administration) has not only fulfilled its task of quickl estsblishjn_; pro-
duction of sand elevators, worm conveyers, cement apportioners, :and sifters,
and other construction machinery, but also has utilized its internal reserves
to lower production costs 6.5 percent more than planned.
However, there are unused reserves outside the plant which require serious
consideration.
The plant monthly processes a large nuantity of metal which comes indi-
rectly from the producers via the Karach rovo bases of Cl::vmetallosbyt (Main
Administration for the Sale of Metals). This raids to expenditures by over
30 percent of the cost of the metal. The breakdown of the extra costs is
as follows: 7.5 percent to the Central Supply Administration of Mosgorispolkom
(Moscow City Executive Committee), 2.1 percent to Moskul'tstroysnab (Supply
Division of Moscow Cultural Buildings Administration), 2 percent to the supply
offices of Moskul'tstroy Trust No 11, 7 percent for actual. trnnsoort costs'
and 13 percent in wages for unloading and loading.
The plant must ray these huge added costs because of the incredibly com-
plicated five-stage s~,stem of supnl':?. Order:; for metal are transferred from
Glnvmetallosbyt: through all the or=g,ni:.alions listed above and the Karacharovo
bases before reaching, the producers. At cn-h .!.Cage the documents are regis-
tered and recopied; at, each stage r,nre -h:l:?;?es ..'del. Data and eve:: week::
are lost be?;'o:?e the orders reach the iropor iertination.
It is time to r.bclish the existir,;;::"sloe or rcgict.crine funds, with all
its superfluous intermediate steps. If funds were allo':ted to the plant,
metal. could be ordered directly from the suppliers or from the Ka:racharovo
bases without red tape. As repositor? o:' its own funds, the plant could do-
mand metal of the required sine and type, eliminating considerable waste.
Supplies would be received more quickly, and less of the plant's working
capital would be tied up.
Year-round construction of school:! and hospital:; :?r.quirrs sn uninter-
rupted supply of building materials, a fact which Supply organizations appear
to disregard. They have set up their own rchcdules without rcard to their
consumers. For example, the Central Supel; Administration of Mosgorispolkom
does not receive customers on Sunday, Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday; Gla-
velektrosbyt and Glavmetallosl>)-s, does not receive customers on Tuesday, Thurs-
day, and Friday. On other days, they receive customers only 3-h hours. Many
days are unnecessarily lost in getting documents registered.
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Supply organizations should be required to receive customers 8 hours a
day, not just at their own pleasure.. Such a system would facilitate the work
of plants and builders alike, resulting in lower production costs.
In addition to these artificially created difficulties, several organiza-
tions (for example, the Central Supply Administration of Mosgorispolkom) at
their own discretion set deadlines for picking up supplies, and add a levy of
one percent of cost per day for failure to meet these deadlines. Such large,
groundless fines impede normal activity of the plant and divert working capital
into unproductive channels.
The inability to meet these deadlines is not always the fault of the plants.
Long lines of trucks wait for metal at the supply bases, because of a shortage
or complete lack of mechanical loading and unloading equipment. Thus, transport
costs are high, and the plant must send three or four workers to help load each
truck. Even then, the trucks hardly make one trip in a working day.
The supply bases should be furnished with loading equipment. They should
be limited to a fixed fee for such service to compel the management of the
bases to speed up mechanization of their activities.
For inexpensive construction, it is necessary to use standard items to
facilitate assembly operations. Supply organizations fail to recognize this.
When they failed to have on hand such items as enameled cast-iron sewage traps,
the organizations stated: let the Moskul'tstroy plant produce makeshift traps
of welded steel. *These traps are not only more expensive to produce, but also
corrode soon. When cast T joints and elbows for water mains are not in supply,
the plant is told to make them of welded sheet steel and pipe. The product is
not only expensive but unsatisfactory. These are only a few examples of a
frequent practice.
The struggle for lowering production costs cannot be carried out by one
plant alone. It involves the active cooperation of supply and planning organ-
izations as well as of related plants. -- M. Sheynin, Director, Moscow Ma-
chinery Plant of Moskul'tstroy
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