RECENT SOVIET LATHES AND GRINDING MACHINES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700130376-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 26, 2011
• Sequence Number: 376
• Publication Date: September 18, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/02/08: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700130376-9 ~
CLASSIFICATION RESTRICTED
SECURITY INFORMATION
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS
COUNTRY USSR
SUBJECT Economic; Technological - Machine tools
HOW
PUBLISHED Monthly periodical
WHERE
PUBLISHED Paris
DATE
PUBLISHED May 1953
LANGUAGE French
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DATE DIST. /ysep 1953
NO. OF PAGES 3
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
STATE
ARMY
he following article on Soviet progress in constructing auto-
matic lathes and grinding machines is from the Paris periodical La
Machine Moderne of May 1953.7
A definite development in the construction of automatic lathes in Russia
appears to have taken place during the last few years. No figures have been
obtained on the rate -f production of these machines, or on the capacity of the
producing plants. However, some of the main features of the machines are worth
noting.
1. A semiautomatic lathe especially designed for machining the inner and
outer races of ball and roller bearings 140-245 millimeters in diameter.-- The
longitudinal and transverse rams have 77 feeds, from 0.045 to 1,575 millimeters.
The'maximum longitudinal stroke is 220 millimeters; maximum transverse stroke,
24 ipi.llimeters. There are 12 spindle speeds ranging from 52 to 400 rpm. All
moving parts are pressure lubricated; and the pump and rapid cross travel have
individual motors.
2. An automatic six-spindle lathe with a bar capacity of 85 millimeters
and a maximum bar feed of 185 millimeters. -- It has four cross slides and one
auxiliary slide. The feeds, which are hydrrulic, are selected by dial. Feed
of the main tools is from 0 to 185 millimeters; of the cross slides, 100 milli-
meters. The spindle has an infinitely variable speed of from 127 to 1,200 rpm.
There is push-button control on both sides of the machine. The driving motor
has 25 horsepower.
3. A single-spindle automatic lathe with a horizontal six-station turret
and a cross slide,-- Bar capacity is 20 millimeters. Maximum bar feed is 100
millimeters; travel of the turret slide-is 210 millimeters; and travel of the
cross slide, 115 millimeters. The spindle speeds, up to 6,000 rpm, and the
feeds of the turret for each position are selected by electromagnetic clutches.
NAW NSRR T~ _ DISTRIBUTION
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/02/08: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700130376-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/02/08: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700130376-9 0
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RESTRICTED
The three feeds of the turret and of the cross slide are from 0
from 0.02 to 0.1 millimet
05 t
.
o 0.2, and
er, respectively. A larger model of this machine has
a bar capacity of 25 millimeters; maximum length that can be turned is 150 mil-
limeters.
4. A single-spindle automatic cutting-off lathe with a chuck capacity of
10 millimeters, and a vertical hexagonal turret.-- Maximum bar feed is 88 mil-
limeters Ctext has 8 J. Speeds are Infinitely variable speed and
from 100 to 2,000 rpm.
Drive is by a 6 3/4 horsepower direct current motor, with spindle
direction of rotation selected for each position of the turret. A vertical
slide and two cross slides have maximum strokes of 38 millimeters; the hexagonal
turret has a stroke of 76 millimeters,
5. An automatic four-spindle 'carbide with a 38-millimeter bar capacity,
designed for high performance with carbide tools.-- There are 24 spindle speeds
rangingefromf158om 2,170 rpm. Maximum machinable length is 196 millimeters,
by cams, to 76 millimeters. The four cross slides, controlled
ydcams, of and 0 to are 105 millimeters. The longitudinal slides are
in also built with six spindles provided with manual travel. This mechine
devices and automatic lubrications six cross slides. It has electrical locking
The motor has 27 horsepower.
6. A universal copying lathe.-- Height of centers is 200 millimeters and
distance between centers, 990 millimeters. This lathe can cut metric threads
from 16 to 240 millimeters at a speed of from 2 to 30 rpm; and single or multi-
ple, straight or tapered British threads. The spindle speeds, push-button con-
trolled, are variable from 18 to 3,000 rpm. Longitudinal feeds are from 0.05
to one millimeter; and cross feeds, from 0.025 tc C.05 millimeter. Rapid travel
is 45 and 20 meters per minute. Copying is done by an electric follower.
7. A lead-screw cutting lathe with a capacity of 2,500 millimeters between
centers, -_ Drive is by a 4-horsepower motor at two speeds, which by change gears
provides nine cutting speeds of from 7.5 to 65 rpm with normal rotation, and
from 15 to 150 rpm with inverse rotation. Threads from 3 to 12 millimeters can
be cut on workpleces from 20 to 75 millimeters in diameter. Lead-screw errors
are automatically corrected by a compensating cam. The machine has a one-quar
ter horsepower ccolant pump.
-
Examples of recent grinding machines are the following:
1. A cylindrical precision grinding machine with a capacity of 482 milli-
meters between centers and a 64-millimeter height of centers.-- The work head
is driven by a direct current motor, electronically controlled, at infinitely
variable speeds of from 100 to 1,000 rpm. The longitudinal travel of 585 milli-
meters, with hydraulic controls, operat
from 0.2 to 6.3 millimeters per minute, or manually by a crank at the rate of
Speeds of the grinding wheel, which is 400 millimeters in
diameter, are 1,800 and 2,200 rpm. The feeds ar, from 0.0025 to 0.025 milli-
meters per workpiece stroke.
2. A grinding machine with optical pro?ection, which appears to have
highly perfected controls.-- An enlargement of 50 X can be obtained.
3. A machine for grinding carbide tools by electrolysis.-- A cast-iron
or steel wheel serves as the cathode, and the tool represents the anode,
immersed in an appropriate dielectric fluid. A direct current passes
this circuit, and a thin film of carbide is removed by electrochemical action.
This method eliminates the use of special grinding wheels, as well as the final
polishing operation. Any risk of local deformation of the tool nose or burning
of the surface is completely obviated. The wheel, 84 millimeters in diameter,
revolves at 1,280, 1,600, or 2,000 rpm. The maximum size of tools which can
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/02/08 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000700130376-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/02/08: CIA-RDP80-00809A000700130376-9
be sharpened is 30 by 45 by 310 millimeters. Cross travel of the wheel is 85
millimeters. Longitudinal travel of the table, which is 450 by 160 millimeters,
is 250 millimeters. The entire mechanical part is carefully protected, and all
the controls, which are the push-button type, are grouped in one panel.
Many other Soviet machines i:,corporate the most modern techniques known
at present, notably in electronics. For instance, there is a toolroom lathe
whose spindle speed is automatically adjusted to assure a constant cutting
speed. However, only a few typical machines, on which it was possible to ob-
tain specifications, are treated above.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/02/08 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000700130376-9