THE 1951 PLAN FULFILLMENT, PROBLEMS, AND TASKS OF PARTY GROUPS IN RUKANIAN ENTERPRISES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700070223-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 9
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 18, 2011
• Sequence Number: 223
• Publication Date: July 11, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

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HOW fulfillment DATE DIST. I I Jul 1952
PUBLISHED Bimonthly periodical
WHERE
PUBLISHED Bucharest NO. OF PAGES 9
DATE
PUBLISHED Sep - Oct 1951
SUPPLEMENT TO
CLASSIFICATION RESTRICTED
SECURITY INPORMATION
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS
COUNTRY Rumania
SUBJECT Political - Workers party
Economic - Organization production plan
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SOURCE Lupta De Class.
THE 1951 PLAN FULFILIXENTI PROBLEMS, ARD TASK
07 PARTY GROUPS IN RIASANIAN ENTERPRISES
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The Rumanian Workers Party supervises and encourages the fulfillment of
plans by enterprises and individuals.
During the first half of 1951, fulfillment in the metallurgical industry
was 11.2.7 percent, in the machine-building and metalworking industries 115 per-
cent, by Sovrommetal 111.8 percent, by Sovromtractor 113.6 percent, and by the
nonferrous metallurgical industry 115.6 percent. During the third quarter 1951,
important successes in fulfilling and exceeding the plan requirements were
achieved. Industries under the Ministry of Electrical Energy fulfilled plans
105.1 percent, and the electrical equipment industry 102.9 percent. The petro-
leum and coal industries fulfilled plans 102.9 percent. Chemical and metal-
lurgical industries achieved 105 percent fulfillment, and industries under the
Ministry of Transports 118.7 percent.
This year, moreover, Rumanian industry has also achieved success in the
manufacture of new products. Rumania is manufacturing for the first time high-
pressure boilers, high-precision machine tools, complex specialized equipment
for the petroleum industry, equipment foe coal industry, bimetallic electric
cables, passenger and freight elevators, drilling machines of Soviet design,
large-capacity tank care for alcohol, and other items.
Workers, engineers, and technicians of enterprises have followed zhe ex-
ample of Soviet Stakhanovites. Such workers as Ion Purtuna, Teleki, Alexandru
Decsei, and others are already working on tasks assigned them for 1952,1953, and
even 1954.
By following the suggestions of the party organization, workers and tech-
nicians of the Steagul Rosu Jteagul Rosu Railroad Car Plant?7 have won a sig-
nificant victory in the field of production.
STATE IXI NAW IYI HERS
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By organizing labor more efficiently and applying advanced Soviet methods,
including high-speed metal cutting and contractual utilization of machinery, the
collective of Steagul Rosu succeeded in fulfilling its 1951 plan on 10 October.
By mass application of Stakhanovite rethods, several enterprises of the
electrical engineering sector such as Dinamo I?inamo ODtroceni Electric Plant?7
Electrotechnica &&ces electrical equipment7, Electromotor, and Ac;,,-ulatorul
sakes electrical equipment7, fulfilled the 1951 production plan 102 percent
and the plan in kilowatts for electric motors 123 percent. As of 1 November
fBic; note that source is dated Sep - Oct 19517, the electrical' engineering
sector of the Ministry of Electrical Energy has been working on its 1952 quota.
As of 3 November fsi-c7, 14 enterprises of the chemical industry had ful-
filled their 1951 plans. Many of these enterprises, moreover, succeeded in
lowering manufacturing costs. Spic Epic Chemical Plant?7 has reduced manu-
facturing costs 27.87 percent, and the 13 Septembrie plant 4.1 percent. More-
over, as of 7 November fsic7 the plan had been fulfilled by many other enter-
prises in all branches of industry.
In the Grivita Rosie District of Bucharest, party organizations, under the
guidance of the i~lstrict Committee of the Rumanian Workers' Party, took part in
extensive political activities in connection with production problems. The
party organizations also gave special attention to the problem of wider appli-
cation of Stakhanovite methods. The Nina Nazarova method is used by 260 workers
of Grivita Rosie frivita Rosie Railroad Locomotive Plant?7, by 45 in Leminorul
fLLaminorul Rolling Mill?7, etc. Competitions are led mostly by party members
such as Iosif Dragemir of the Grivita Rosie Factory, Stefan Tone, Elizabeta
Bolocan of Filature Dacia LEextile mi117, and many others. They have been
working on their 1952 quotas since July 1951.
The results of the political activities of party organizations of the
Grivita Rosie District are conspicuous in the production field. During the
third quarter, 26 of the 28 heavy industry enterprises in this district ex-
ceeded their plane as much as 36 percent, while seven of eight light industry
enterprises surpassed their3 as much as 50 percent.
The Melnikov method of changing rollers is now ur,:d at Partizanul Rosu
[PPartizanul Rosu Wool Mill?7. one hundred fifty female workers, organized in
quality brigades, are at present using the Shchukin method. The wide use of
Soviet work methods has enabled the enterprise to fulfill its 1951 plan well
ahead of schedule,
Over 60 mining teems of the Jiul valley coal fielis of the Sovromcarbune
enterprise are extracting coal for their 1952 quota. The leading teems are
those of Stakhanovites Geza Kopetin, Ion Szilagy, and Petre Boredi.
At Energo-Utilaj ,etal plant7 the collective of the enterprise, mobilized
by the party organization, has fulfilled the 1951 plan ahead of schedule and, as
of 24 September, is working on its 1952 quota. At the Combinatul Siderugic Hun-
edoara (Hunedoara Metallurgical Combine), as a consequence of the adoption of
the Soviet Matulinet & method, the average time for completing a charge has
been reduced from 8-9 Hours to only 6-7. Similarly, 3,000 lathe operators,
using the Bortkevich-Bykov method, have increased the speed of cutting metal
from 50-60 meters per minute to 300 meters per minute.
Although the gross-production plan has been fulfilled in many important
branches of industry, several enterprises have been unable to fulfill either
their gross-production plans or their plans for specific products. To ful-
fill the plan in 11 months, it will be necessary to complete 63.6 percent of
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the annual requirements during the first 7 months of 1951. Nevertheless,
several enterprises such as IMS LY)E Metallurgical Plant?7, Steagul Rosu,
and Vulcan fulfilled only 54.9 percent, 59.7 percent, and 56 percent, re-
spectively, of their annual quotas by 1 August 1951.
On the other hand, some enterprises which fulfilled and even exceeded
their gross-production plan in 11 months have fallen behind in their plan for
specific products. Unio fIInio Railroad Equipment Plaut?7 fulfilled only 29.8
percent of its annual quota for elevators and conveyer belts as of 1 August,
while the 23 August plant, which has also exceeded its gross-production plan,
fulfilled only 33.3 percent of its plan for transmission pumps.
The party organizations must make a critical analysis of the factors
hindering plan fulfillment in their respective enterprises and, on the basis
of their findings, must assist the enterprise managements in drawing up a plan
for organizational measures and a production schedule designed to eliminate
all difficulties and assure fulfillment of all plans on time. In addition,
the party organizations must mobilize the working masses and, above all, party
members, for the successful fulfillment of the tasks assigned to various enter-
prises.
To achieve all these tasks successfully it is further necessary to adopt
an "active working spirit," to do away with endless meetings which often lead
to no practical result, and to strengthen the feeling of personal responsibility
of all those engaged in enterprise management,
Several enterprises have failed to fulfill their plat as a result of certain
deficiencies in the procurement of materials. The principal reason for this is
the failure of certain enterprises to understand adequately the organic relation-
ship existing among the various enterprises of the national economy, and to under-
stand that what constitutes final. production for a certain enterprise constitutes
raw material or semifinished products for another.
Otelul Rosu f5telul Rosu Steel Plant?7 exceeded its gross-production plan,
but scheduled the rolling of metal required for pontoons as late as 25 September.
This caused Flamura Rosie, which needed this sheet metal, great difficulties
in fulfilling its plan for August and September. It is time to put an end to
the incorrect and harmful concept that the only thing that matters is producing
as much as pc3aible, it is detrimental to follow the policy of manufacturing
certain types of products at the expense of others.
Enterprise party organizations must give special attention to the scheduling
of production and assume responsibility not only for the plan fulfillment in
their enterprises but also for the fulfillment of the state plan for the entire
national economy. The internal planning agency of an enterprise must consider
not only the fulfillment of its own production plan but also that of enterprises
which it supplies by delivering all the contracted goods on schedule.
There is also no doubt that supply problems would not constitute barriers
to plan fulfillment if the principles of planned management were strictly ob-
served and enterprises worked for more economic consumption of raw materials
and fuel in a more efficient and scientific manner.
In fall, 1950, by government decision, surplus stocks were removed from
enterprises. But, only a few months later, some enterprises had accumulated
new surplus stocks. Thus, at the end of the second quarter 1951, the 23 August
plant exceeded the norms for materials 120 percent, and Progresul P-Progresul
Railroad Equipment Plant?7 14h percent. This policy of useless surplus stock-
ing is most damaging, not only because it aggravates the financial condition of
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the enterprise but also because it creates supply problems for other enterprises
which are unable to acquire materials stockpiled by overcautious enterprises
eager to assure their supplies for 2-3 years in advance.
Another thing which has prevented certain enterprises from fulfilling or
exceeding their production programs has been violations of contractual disci-
pline. In a socialist economy, enterprises interconnected by a production and
exchange procesn are obliged to deliver products and services to one another.
The contract is especially important in socialist planning because it
strengthens the suppliers' responsibility to fulfill their obligations. It
prevents the manufacture of useless products not called for in the contract
and prevents The acquiring of surplus stocks of goods. Thus, toe economic con-
tract becomes an instrument in the struggle for the qualitative and q'iantita-
tive fulfillment of plans and for the strengthening of plan discipline.
Many enterprises have shown that they realize both this special signifi-
cance of the contract and the fact that rigorous execution of contracts not
only means fulfillment of their own production programs, but often is the de-
termining factor in the plan fulfillment of enterprises supplied by them. Thus,
the Nicolae Cristea Uzina Zs-teei mill7 delivered on time and in good condition
the sheet metal required by the 23 August plant for the manufacture of oil
drilling equipment, Timpuri Noi Limpuri Noi Iron and Metals Plant?7 deliv-
ered on time the Duplex pumps required by Vulcan, thus substantially assisting
Vulcan to deliver the boilers which it had to manufacture.
However, a series of violations of contractual discipline have caused
damage to several enterprises and to the national economy. The Ilie Pintilie
plant had concluded contracts with Centrocoop for pliers, wrenches, anvils,
and similar items. The manufacturing enterprise failed to observe the terms
of the contract and delivered the products 4 months late. As a consequence,
the Centrocoop had difficulty in supplying villages with the above-mentioned
objects and the manufacturing enterprise is now paying fines.
It must be understood that observing contractual discipline is not a mere
"bureaucratic formality," ac several enterp^ises are inclined to believe, but
a most important obligation.
The interdependence of our enterprises is so great, and the production
relationships so close that the violation of contractual discipline by one
enterprise alone can cause serious difficulties not only to the enterprise
supplied by it but also to a series of enterprises linked together in a re-
lated production process.
The 19:1 Decision of the Council of Ministers on measures for regulating
and assuring the observance of contractual discipline must be justly and rigor-
ously enforced by all our enterprises
The success of the struggle to fulfill the 1951 plan in 11 months is also
contingent on observance of the enterprise cooperation plan. The majority of
our enterprises, realizing the importance of this plan, make sustained efforts
to improve use of their equipment by jointly executing orders placed with them,
and contribute to the plan fulfillment of enterprises supplied by them by de-
livering needed products on time and in good condition. The Cugir plant manu-
factured equipment required by Steagul Rosu, as well as various tools for Vic-
toria in Arad Victoria machine Tool Plant?7 at the same time, the Cugir plant,
in accordance with the cooperation Plan, received the support of Unio, which
cast the parts for the lathes which the Cugir plant being manufactured for
Electro-Carbon felectrical equipment7.
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The improper attitude toward filling orders by enterprises participating
in the 'cooperation plan, as well as the defective organization of this plan,
are responsible for the incomplete utilization of production capacity. At the
Bucharest 23 August plant 4,15 percent of the working time in January 1951
was wasted for lack of orders, with the result that the plant's production
capacity was not utilized fully during that period, Vasile Roaita [Vasile
Roaita Machinery Plant?-/ failed to deliver on time the necessary drums for
threshing machines to L4S, preventing the latter from fulfilling its first
quarter 1951 plan for threshing machines.
Thus, it is evident that the failure of one or more enterprises participating
in the cooperation plan to fulfill obligations can prevent fulfillment of the
plan by dependent enterprises. The observance of plan discipline in the cooper-
ation plan is an important link in the early fulfillment of the state plan for
the national economy.
Another problem of great importance in plan fulfillment is improvement of
skills and prover utilization of personnel. Many party organizations do not.pay
sufficient ait:ntion to providing sufficient specialized training to meet the
new demands of industry, Rumanian industry has made efforts to train new spe-
cialists. During 1950 - 1951 alone, over 5,000 trade school graduates, 38,000
graduates of courses to improve skills, and more than 2,000 graduates of tech-
nical schools entered the metallurgical industry.
The need for qualified personnel for industry is increasing very rapidly.
For this reason, proper utilization of available personnel is of primary im-
portance. Certain enterprises suffer from a serious shortage of personnel
caused by improper organization of shifts, in particular the second and third
shifts. Some technicians of Phoenix Jhoenix Chemical Plant?7 of the Baia Mare
Combine, for instance, re of the opinion that their presence is not required
during the second and third shift,. Daring the night shifts, therefore, only
one technician is available for the entire plant. The use of the most skilled
personnel during the day shift3 and the neglecting of the night shifts causes
serious difficulties in production. Some of the machines are idle, products
are of poor quality, and manufacturing costs increase. Another example of im-
proper utilization of available personnel is to be noted at Flamura Rosie,
where there is a serious shortage of personnel on the second shift. On the
other hand, many graduates of skilled-trade schools are performing unskilled
jobs. This unwise personnel policy may discourage the workers who are doing
thei. best to gain new skills,
Another deficiency in the distribution of skilled personnel is that al-
though in certain sector=-- Production is hampered by a lack of manpower, in others
there is a surplus of workers, who are not transferred to positions where they
are needed or, the grounds that everybody should be allowed to work in his own
field. The management of the Bucharest. Grivita Jmetallurgical plant-/, in order
to allow workers "work in their own field" asked them to make nails regardless
of the fact that the enterprise has no orders for nails whatsoever. It is true
that the enterprise must use available personnel according to skills because
only thus can the highest labor productivity be assured; it is equally true,
however, that proper utilization of personnel requires the abandonment of ri-
gidity and formalism by enterprise managements. Personnel must be utilized in
a manner which will satisfy the demands of both the enterprises and the na-
tional economy.
In enterprises where party organizations have trained new specialists and
assured proper use of available personnel, the manpower problem has been solved
satisfactorily. A good example is the construction project for the V.I. Lenin
Electric Power Station in Bicaz. Through the efforts of the party organization
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and the enterprise committee, several courses for improvement of skills have
been offered in various sectors of the construction project since February.
At present, a large number of workers are being trained as miners, bricklayers,
machinists, etc., in 13 courses. Improvement of their technical qualifications
entitles workers to substantially higher wages. The party organization and the
enterprise committee are paying special attention to wide adoption of the Kotlyar
method for improving skills. A substantial number of .ontracts for improvement
of skills have already been concluded between production leaders and unskilled
workers, and others are in process.
Party organizations of enterprises must explain to workers the grcat im-
portance of observing strict labor discipline. lateness and absenteeism, which
seriously damage the national economy, must stop. The class enemy is trying
to paralyze the working people's constructive efforts by weakening labor dis-
cipline. Party organizations must also strengthen their revolutionary vigil-
ance in this respect by unmasking and fighting the class enemy wherever he
arpears.
The duty of party organizations is to mobilize the broad working masses,
the managers of every enterprise, all technicians, and all engineers for the
make more efficient use of internal reserves. There are huge internal reserves
in industrial enterprises which have not yet been used at all, or have been
used insufficiently.. The struggle to discover and mobilize internal reserves
has not been carried out according to well-organized plans. Also, the re-
serves of socialist industry are nct static but dynamic, which means that use
of certain reserves never leads to a reduction in their volume but rather to
an opportunity to discover new ones. Technical progress and the raising of
the cultural level of personnel assure a virtually inexhaustible supply of in-
ternal reserves.
Several enterprises have mobilised internal reserves by reducing the con-
sumption. of raw materials, fuel, and power. In 1951, fuel consumption of the
Siemens-Martin furnace of Steagul Rosu was reduced 37 percent below the 1950
average. Likewise, due to reduction in the specific consumption or raw materials,
the ma.ufacturing cost of the motor produced by Timruri Noi was reduced from
618,000 lei to 420,000 lei.
Nevertheless, many enterprises have not yet achieved all possible reduc-
tions in the consumption of raw materials and fuel. The INS uses only 3.7
cubic meters of wood for each threshing machine manufactured, whereas Vasile
Roaita uses 5 cubic meters for the same type of thresher. This great dif-
ference in consumption by two enterprises manufacturing the same type of
threshing machine reveals the wasteful ways of the Vasile Roaita Plant and
also the great reserves for economizing on wood which exist at that enterprise.
Similarly, wide discrepancies have been observed in the consumption of
fuel required for producing electric power at various enterprises. Whereas
the IMS consumed 3,200 kilocalories of fuel per kilowatt-hour, the Cugir plant
consumed 5,765, and Flemura Rosie 7,880. No "objective reasons" can justify
such huge discrepancies, wnich reveal great possibilities for reducing fuel
consumption and, thus, for stringent economies?
Finally, the waste of labor which still prevails at several enterprises
must be note'l. Vulcan requires 5,000 man-hours to manufacture a 15-atmosphere
boiler, while Progresul in Braila reeds 8,000. Even if Vulcan is better equipped
for manufacturing high-pressure boiler-, than Progresul, the discrepancy is still
inexcusable.
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If industries consumed fuel and raw materials in a more rational and
scientific manner, such discrepancies would no longer exist. It is the duty
of the party organizations to mobilize the technicians' collectives for estab-
lishing technical consumption norms in a scientific manner, thus enabling
enterprises to reduce specific consumption to a proper level.
In connection with mobilization cZ internal reserves, managerial personnel
should keep in mind at all times during the struggle to fulfill and exceed the
1951 plan that the struggle for quality, for fewer rejects, is in fact the
struggle for quantity.
Although almost everyone appreciates .he importance of saving fuel and
raw materials, there are still many who do not f tlly realize the important
contribution which a mobilization of other internal reserves would make to
the national economy.
During the past 23- years, important successes in monilizing internal
equipment reserves have been achieved by the machine-building industry, but
there are still many untapped internal reserves in this 1',dustry. The high-
speed metal-cutting method devised by the Soviet Stakhanovites Bortkevich and
Bykov has so far been adopted by only a relatively small number of lathe opera-
tors; it certainly cannot be considered a widely accepted method in the machine-
building industry. The fact that a few lathe operators have achieved a cutting
speed of 1,300-1,400 meters per minute is of limited economic significance since
the average speed in the entire field of metalworking does not exceed 40 meters
per minute. The extraordinary significance which the adoption of high-speed
cutting methods has for the mobilization of internal equipment reserves is re-
vealed by Victoria in Arad, where the average cutting speed has reached 100
meters per minute. In view of the average speed attained throughout the in-
dustry, this achievement represents a 100-percent increase in the effectiveness
of the machine-tool production capabilities of this enterprise.
As a consequence of the intensive efforts made to propagandize Soviet
methods by the party organization of Sovromtractor, Emerik Karacsonyi was the
first to suggest adoption of the Nazarova method at Sovromtractor. The method
has since been adopted by all enterprises in Stalin City, and by many others
throughout the country.
Another problem which must be seriously considered by all enterprise
party organizations in their struggle to fulfill and exceed the plan is proper
planning of the wage fund.
The party and government encourage the granting of higher wages to workers,
but only in accordance with the socialist principle of distribution of the wage
fund according to quality and quantity of work performed. Otherwise, any in-
crease in the wage fund leads to higher manufacturing costs and is contrary to
the interests of both the workers and the national economy.
During February, the metallurgical plant in Targoviste exceeded its pro-
duction plan 2 percent, while the labor productivity of the individual wage earner
was 6 percent below that established by the plan, yet the average wage increased
12 percent. Such a "wage policy" actually prevents an increase in labor pro-
ductivity and constitutes an obstacle to plan fulfillment.
It is the duty of enterprise party organizations to guide and support man-
agerial personnel so that application of the socialist principle of pay according
to work will become a guiding force in the struggle to increase the workers'
standard of living and labor productivity.
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In many enterprises the struggle to discover and mobilize internal re-
s. ves is not carried out in a planned manner. The "hit-and-miss" method of
solving problems still prevails in many sectors of industry.
The successes achieved reveal that most of the nation's enterprise have
already attained a considerable degree of technical and organizational maturity.
Nevertheless, certain shortcomings in the internal planning of enterprises are
still conspicuous.
A few months ago Victoria in Arad adopted a plan for technical and organ-
izational measures and impr wed methods of internal planning. Results were soon
forthcoming: The enterprise fulfilled its production objectives LCor the year7
as early as 22 August. There were no bottlenecks in production, and the enter-
prise has informed its responsible economic authority that it is in a position
to accept additional orders from other enterprises under the enterprise cooper-
ation plan.
Another factor influencing successful plan fulfillment is thoughtful and
proper internal planning of the enterprise. Certain enterprises are deficient
in this respect. Ac a result of defective planning, the practice of last-minute
speed-up at the end of the various plan periods has been widely adopted through-
out industry.
As as example of how uneconomical and unplanned this is, during August the
following statistics on plan fulfillment for rolling mills were released by the
ISCT fsteel plant7: first 10 days, 67 percent; next 10, 62 percent: last 10
days, 171 percent. The consequences of this late rush work were serious. The
monthly planned overtime was exceeded 62 percent, the proportion of rejects it-
creased from 0.3 percent to 0.93 percent, and the excessive use of equipment
resulted in the damaging of several rollers in rolling mill No 2.
Among the measures considered essential for successful fulfillment of 1951
iplan and the Five-Year Plan is the adoption of production schedules for eliminat-
ing last-minute speed-up, and for assuring uniform execution of the production
program. This must be a primary concern of the party organizations of enter-
prises.
These party organizations must make certain th:..t all technical and organ-
izational conditions required for successful execution of the competition in
honor of the 34th anniversary of the October Revolution are properly fulfilled.
The proper supply of work stations with the necessary materials, the precise
distribution of tasks to every brigade and even every worker, the proper organ-
ization of shifts, careful and thorough internal planning, and the keeping of
accurate records of the results of the competition must be assured. All these
measures are essential for the practicing man increasingly large scale the
principal of socialist competition.
The struggle for economizing on nonferrous metals, for c..onomies in general,
for better utilization of equipment, and for the strengthening of socialist
labor discipline, which will to a large extent determine the success of the
struggle for plan fulfillment ahead of schedule, should be joined by all enter-
prises.
In the struggle for early fulfillment of the 1951 plan, the party organ-
izations of enterprises ur'st carry out serious and intensive political work,
mobilizing all workers, technicians, engineers, and employees.
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- The party organizations must actively pursue their tasks of mobilizing
and'iuiding the'Rumaniaa working people, and raising their political, ideo-
logical, and professional level. It is the great duty of the party organ-
iiations to see that every working man becomes an active force in the pro-
dnntion process, a belie-factor in the struggle for the fulfillment of the
rives-Year Plan, in the atruggie for socialism, and for peace.
It is also the, duty of party organizations to give unconditional support
tothe managements of their enterprises, to guide their activities, and to
guide and control the work of the enterprises. Thtiq, the party organizations
will truly become the political leaders in enterprises.
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