SOME DATA ON USSR CROPS AND HARVESTS, AS OF SEPTEMBER 1951

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700040011-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 6
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 27, 2011
• Sequence Number: 11
• Publication Date: January 11, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

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COUNTRY
SUBJECT
PUBLISH
'WHERE
PUBLISHED
DATE
PUBLISHED
LANGUAGE
CLASSIFICAT co"IDEnIAL
IO
ISECURITY INF TIO GONER)
NTRAL
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
USSR DATE OF
INFORMATION 1951
Economic - Agriculture, crops and harvests
DATE DIST. I I Jan 1952
Daily newspapers
USSR
I - 30 Sep 1951
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OP IR COA[[R in ml "N 110 N [WT OMU* nue[ Il nb
[INR[ A Mt. U/UNCM[ pr RIO IOU is /M[IMRO.
SOURCE Newspapure as indicated.
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
SOME DATA ON USSR CROPS AND RARVESTS,
AS OF SEPTEMBER 1951
j umbers in parentheses refer to appended eourcesj
In 1928, cotton production in the USSR exceeded the 1913 level by
100,000 pud. In 1932, the 1913 level was exceeded by 70 percent, and in
1941 cotton production was more than 300 percent of 1913. By 1949, the pre-
war production level had been surpassed by a wide margin, and in 1950 the
crop was up 40 percent over the previous year.(1)
Estonian SSR
Perennial rye is a quick-sprouting plant which will grow in relatively
low temperatures, and yield grain from 3 to 7 years running. Although pri-
marily a food grain, perennial rye may also serve as a source of fodder
greens for livestock. In Estonian SSR climatic conditions, two harvests may
bq obtained annually from perennial rye -- one for grain, and one for bay or
silage.(2)
iAtvian bi3R
MPS of the republic are to harvest 14,000 hectares of flax in 1951.(3)
Lithuanian SSR
The area sown to winter wheat in the republic in 1955 is to be 84 per-
cent greater than the area sown to this crop in 1950.(4)
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Belorussian SSR
Kolkhozes of Mogilev Oblast sowed perennial grasses to 23,904 more bee-.
tares in 1951 than in 1950.(5)
Approximately 23 percent of't)e entire territory of the Belorussian 8SR
Is either swampland or marshland.(6)
According to'the 1951 plan, sowing of winter crops in the republic was
to be completed by 10 Sertember. As of that date, Bobruyek Oblast bad com-
pleted only $0 percent of the plan. Half of the sowing was done by band, and
not enough organic or mineral fertilizer was applied to the fields.(7)
Percentage fulfillment of the 1951 plan is shown in the following tables.
It would appear that the entire republic was behind schedule for mowing of
winter crops]
Reaping of Pains
(% of 1951 Plan)
A
Threshing .of Grains
(% of 1951 pI-n)
Oblast
1 Sep(8)
10 Se 9 1 Sep( ,
1 Se
(8) 10 Se 9)
15 S
(
)
p
ep
5
Baranovichi
Bobruyek
Brest
Gomel'
Grodno
Minsk
Mogilev
Molodechno
Pinsk
Poleea
Polotek
Vitebsk
90.5
69.8
92.0
84.8
90.5
77.9
75.9
85.7
92.7
86.3
73.8
67.7
96.1 97.6
96.2 97.8
96.8 97.9
93.1 95.3
95.6 97.2
90.9 95.9
89.4 93.6
95.4 97.6
97.2 98.2
93.1 96.2
90.1 95.1
b3.9 90.5
30.4 37:0
51.5 59.2
42.1 46.5
61.9 69.3
30.8
54.3 35.5
57.6 64.2
39.7
3A.4 1.15.2
57.7 62.4
60.6 66.7
57.9 64.7
41.4
63.3
48.1
72.9
62.6
68.6
42.3
48.3
64.7
68.1
66.0
Pulling of Flax
(% of 1951 plan)
Sowing of Winter Crops
(% of 1951 plan)
1 Sep
10 Sep
15 Sep
5 Sep
10 Sep 15 Sep
20 Sep
Oblast
(8)
(9)
(5)
10)
(9) (11)
(I2)
Baranovichi
86.4
96.3
98.4
9.5
19.3 33.3
47.7
Bobruyak
84.3
97.4
98.8
26.2
41.2 57.0
71.4
Brest
'
80.1
91.8
6
9.6
21.3 35.6
53.4
Gomel
84.4
93.8
96.
41.7
54.4 67.0
79.3
Grodno
85.3
97.9
100.0
7.6
18.8 39.7
58.2
Minsk
68.1.
85.9
92.0
30.7
42.2 54.7
66.9
Mogilev
82.3
96.7
99.2
45.0
60.0 71.9
82.7
Molodechno
63.8
86.1
92.2
11.2
18.7 31.1
50.9
Pinsk
93.5
98.6
99.8
8.8
18.0 34.5
52
7
Polesa
94.8
98.
99.2
38.7
53.0 66.7
.
78.2
Polotek
66.1
90.0
94.9
26.8
4i .u 55.9
69.o
Vitebsk
71.2
89.9
95.2
38.8
49.6 61.2
715
Ukrainian SSR
1fhe'capacity of the Ukrainian tractor park has inoreased considerably over
prewar. The number of combines increased 2.1 times during the Fourth Five-Year
Plan, the number of tractor seeder. 2.6 times, the number of tractor plows 2.1
times, and the number of tractor cultivators 2.5 times.(13)
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In 1951; the Ukraine delivered 87;hh85,000 more pud of wheat to the state
than in 1950, and 111 million more than in 1940. The total volume of tractor
work performed in the republic in 1951 vac 2.5 times that performed in 1940.(14)
Kolkhozes of Vinnitsa Oblast this year harvested on the-average 21 more
quintals of sugar beets per hectare than in 1950. In Zhitomir Oblast this
figure was 53 quintals, and in Kamenets.Podol'sk Oblast 75 quintals. This
was icco?plished despite a limited amount of rain during the growing season.
However, as of 20 September only 10 of 15 beet-growing rayons of Odessa Oblast
had'begun digging beets, and the 1951 plan was only 60.3 percent complete,
,;although this work must be terminated by 25 October. As of 20 September, the
1951 beet-digging plan was only 67 percent complete in Suml Oblast, 50 per-
cent complete in Chernigov Oblast, and 73 percent complete in Kiev Oblast.
Poor utilization of machinery is delaying harvest work, and careless harvest.
ing is causing unnecessary lossey throughout the republic.(15)
Progress in various phases of agriculture for the Ukrainian SSR as a whole
was as follows an percent of the 1951 plan):
Type of Work
5 Se.) (16)
15 Sep (1L
20 Sep (18)
25 Sep (19)
Reaping of grains
96.6
97.9
90.7*
91.2*
Harvesting o-r maize
--
--
16.6
22.3
Threshing of grains
86.8
89.8
90.8
91.6
Harvest of sugar beets
"
--
--
20.2
28.8
Zyab" plowed**
10.3
17.2
21.9
26.2
Winter crops sown
55.0
78.9
85.0
89.9
Coarse fodder procured
55.6
62.6
--
67.3
Coars- fodder stored
* Including maize
43.0
46.3
--
51.4
** Land oloved in fall for sowing the fol o~''ng spring
_ -..o -
ing
Moldavian SSR
As of 20 September, Moldavian SSR had completed the 1951 agricultural
plan as follows: sowing of winter crops 47.6 percent, plowing of zyab 32.8
percent, and plowing of pary and left fallow during the summer and sown
with winter crops in fal] 13.9 percent.(20)
Winter barley is a high-yielding crop, but not particularly winter-re-
sistant. Therefore, it Is sown principally in the southern districts of the
USSR. In 1950, the Zguritskiy Selection Station sowed winter barley on
chernozem soil after a sunflower crop. The sowing was made at the and of
September. Due to insufficient moisture content in the soil, sprouting did
not occur until the end of October, and at the beginning of winter the savings
had not fully bushed. In spring 1951 a supplementary bushing occurred. The
1950 - 1951 winter was not altogether favorable; there were warm spells, and
in the spring several nocturnal frosts occurred which damaged the sowings
somewhat. The beet showing was made by the Tsenader-395 variety of winter
barley. The harvest was made at tb^ cud tf June, and this variety yielded
39 auintala ne.r hectare on exnerima:tal plots?(21)
Armerian SSR
The area sown to grains in the republic in 1951 was 12 percent greater
than in 1950.
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Seventy percent-of the republic's kolkhozes have beAn electri:ied.(22)
As of 29 September, the 1951 plan for cotton procurement in Armenian SSR
had been fulfilled 25.53 percent.(23)
Kolkhozes and sovkhozes of Moscow Oblast had completed the 1951 plan
for mowing winter crops by 5 September. The plan for mowing winter wheat was
fulfilled 118.5 percent by kolkhozes'of the oblast.(24)
Uzbek SSR
A new variety of winter wheat named Grekum-56, has been developed in
JJzbek SSR by Agronc.Let I. Zhiberin, working on the Tara-Uruk Sovkhoz. In
1951, Grekum-56 was sown to 80 hectares on the fields of this sOvkhOz, and
the average yield was 17 quintals per hectare. Grekum-56 is not susceptible
to fungus diseases, and has an absolute weight 'Of 42 grams per 1,000 grains.
Other local varieties have absolute weights of from 32 to 35 grams. Tara-
Uruk Sovkhoz has delivered a supply of Grekum-56 seed to Glavzegoteortzerno
(Main Administration for Procurement of Selected Seed' for distribution to
kolkhozes, sovkhozes, and selection stations.(25)
In a recent speech, A. I. Niyazov, chairman of the Tsk KP(b) Uzbek SSR,
revealed the following facts concerning cotton growing and the cotton-ginning
industry:
In 1950, the plan for fall plowing of land to be planted with cotton in
spring 1951 was not fulfilled. The 1951 cotton harvest plan calls for harvest
of 40 percent of the crop in September, 55 percent in October, and the remainder
by the 34th Anniversary or the October Revolution. The Main Administration of
Cotton-Ginning Industry of the Ministry of Cotton Growing Uzbek SSR, is directing
the work of the cotton-ginning plants ineptly, and the plants are not yet pre-
pared to handle this year's crop. Furthermore, a considerable portion of .he
buildings at the procurement points are not in condition to receive the raw
cotton. The 1951 plan for repair of existing buildings and construction of
new buildings has not been ill.filled.(26)
Procurement of cotton in the Uzbek SSR at various dates was as follows
(in percent of 1951 plan):
Oblast
5 Sep
(27)
10-Sep
(28)
15 Sep
(29)
20 Sep
(30)
25 Sep
(31)
29 Sep
(32)
Andizban
0.40
2.28
6.47
13.00
21.22
29.07
Bukhara
1.19
5.07
11.04
17.98
24.72
29.76
Fergana
0.04
1.72
7.33
15.40
23.71
30.73
Kara-Kalpak ASSR
0.69
2.92
6.02
10.03
14.28
18.05
Kashka-Darya
0.50
4.16
12.80
22.32
32.59
40.65
Khorezm
2.97
7.38
12.61
18.81
24.43
29.05
Namangan
0.07
1.08
5.06
31.08
18.08
24.88
Samarkand
0.25
1.18
4.29
9.54
15.55
20.87
Surkhan-Darya
1.42
5.12
9.99
15.93
22.57
28.35
Tashkent
0.03
0.66
2.64
6.17
10.65
15.42
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COAPIDE?A'IAL
Procuremert of cotton in the Turkmen SSR during September was as follows
_(in percent of 1951 plan):
Oblast 17 Sep (33) 20 Sep (34) 2 Sep (35)
2 Se 6
Ashkhabad 19.32 24.37 33.35
40.93
Chardzhou 16.57 21.04 29.35
34.36
Mary 6.42 9.64 16.33
22.10
Tashauz 8.32 11.20 16.44
21.18
Tadzhik SSR
Sowing of winter crops is proceeding unsatisfactorily in Germ Oblast.
A. of 18 September, plowing of land to be sown to winter crops had scarcely
begun in one rayon of the oblast, and only 45.1 percent of the seed had been
prepared for sowing. Preparations for sowing winter crops were also behind
schedule in Kulyab and Leninabad oblasts.(37)
In 1913, in the area now included in Tadzhik SSR 26,700 hectares were
planted with cotton. By 1926 - 1927, the pre-World War I level of cotton pro-
duction had been regained in Tadzhik SSR, and the sown area had increased
twice over 1913. In 1941, the cotton crop in Tadzhik SSH was 4.7 times that
of 1928, and in 1950, eight times that of 1928. The yield in 1950 was 22 per-
cent higher than in 1948, and 39 percent higher than in 1940. In 1940, 53,4o7
tons of mineral fertilizer were applied to the cotton fields of, Tadzhik SSR;
in 1950, this figure was 119,560 tons, and in 1951, 178,300 tons. The 1953
plan calls for a gross harvest of 500,000 tons of cotton in the republic.
The following table above mechanization of cotton growing in Tadzhik SSR (in
percent):(1)
Type of Work
1910
1950
Plowing
90.0
99.0
Planting
82.0
88.0
First cultivation
76.8
90.0
Second cultivation
69.7
75.8
Application of Fertilizer
3.0
54.0
Kirgiz SSR
The Council of Ministers Kirgiz SSR has decreed that deliveries of cotton
to the state by the republic in 1951 shall proceed as follows (in percent of
1951 plan):(38)
Sep
Oct
Nov
.
ash
30
50
20
Dzhalal-Abad
30
50
20
Frunze
30
65
5
As of 29 September, actual deliveries of cotton to the state by these
oblasts of the republic were as follows: Osh 9.82 percent, Dzhalal-Abed 14.09
percent, and Frunze 24.87 percent.(39)
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C011FIDD.Pi'LAL
1.
ESalinabad, Komunist Tadzhik=&M, 26 Sep 51
2.
Tallin, Sovetskaya Betoniya, 29 Sep 51
3.
Biqa, Sovetskaya L*tviya; 7 Sep 51
4.
9i1'gyue, Sovetskaya Litva, 9 Sep 51
5?
Kink, Sovetskaya Beloruaclys, 19 Sep 51
6.
Ibid., 22 Sep 51
7.
Ibid., 26 Sep 51
8.
Ibid., 4 Sop 51
9.
Ibid., 14 Sep 51
10.
Ibid., 9 Sep 51
11.
Ibid., 18 Sep 51
12.
Ibid.; 23 Sep 51-
13,
Koscov, 1Comsomo1'skaya Pravda, 2 Sep 51
14.
Kiev, Pravda Ukrainy, 6 Sep 51
15.
Ibid., 27 Se- 51
16.
Ibid., 8 Sep 51
17.
Ibid., 18 Sep 51
18.
Ibid., 23 Sep 51
19.
Ibid., 28 Sep 51
20.
Kishinev, Sovetskaya Moldaviya, 22 Sep 51
21.
Ibid., 1 Sep 51
22.
MoscoV,,Pravda, 4 Sep 51
23.
Yerevan, Kommuniet, 50 Sep 51
24.
Petrozavodak, Leninekoye Znamya, 5 Sep 51
25?
Tashkent, Pravda Voetoka, 9 Sep 51
26.
Ibid., 4 Sep 51
27.
Ibid., 6 Sep 51
28.
Ibid., 11 Sep 51
29.
Ibid., 16 Sep 51
30.
Ibid., 21 Sep 51
31.
Ibid., 26 Sep 51
32.
Ibid., 30 Sep 51
33.
Ashkhabad, Turkmenskaya Iekra, 18 Sep 51
34.
Ibid., 21 Sep 51
35.
Ibid., 26 Sep 51
36.
Ibid., 30 Sep 51
37.
Komaunist Tadzhikistan, 19 Sep 51
38.
Frunze, Sovetskaya Kirgiziya, 16 Sep 51
39.
Ibid., 30 Sep 51
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