SUMMARY OF 1950 ACTIVITIES IN KANSU AND TASKS FOR 1951

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00809A000700030617-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 7
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 6, 2011
• Sequence Number: 617
• Publication Date: January 7, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

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COUNTRY
SUBJECT
HOW
PUBLISHED
WHERE
PUBLISHED
DATE
PUBLISHED
LANGUAGE
I 1k
CENTRALW.JIRliffej WI\f IU REPO
RT
INFORMATION FROM
FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO.
Political; Military; Economic
Daily newspaper
Sian
28 Mar 1951
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DATE OF
INFORMATION 1951
DATE DIST. Q Jan 1952
NO. OF PAGES 7
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
SUMMARY OF 1950 ACTIVITIES IN KANSU
AND TASKS FOR 1951
At the third session of the Northwest Military and Administrative Com-
mittee, Teng Pao-ahan, chairman of the committee, summarized the 1950 activi-
ties in Kansu and the tasks for 1951. The report follows:
Local Government Activities
Most of the hsien in Kansu launched anti-bandit campaigns. Land reform
was successfully completed in 130 hsiang in the Ch'ing-yang Special District,
The rent-reduction drive was completed in 209 hsiang in Kansu. The people
have become enlightened and united as a result of the Resist America, Aid Korea
Movement, as well as by the liquidation of bandits and gangsters, land reform
and rent reduction, and the drive to relieve famine and increase production.
As a rule, in each hsien from one to six peasant's delegates conferences, and
from two to six all-circles people's delegates conferences were held. In Ruan-
hsien and Hua-chih hsiens, as well as in others where land reform had been com-
pleted, the peol.e's delegates assemblies elected members of the hsien and
hsiang governments and started primary reforms in the local government. Minor-
ity groups were given representation in the local governments of mixed areas.
Regional autonomy was granted to the following ch'u: Asia-ho, Cho-ni,
Tien-chu, Tung-hsiang, Su-pei, Wu-p'ing. The provincial peasant's delegates
and all-circles people's delegates conferences elected members to the provin-
cial government and to the Provincial Consultative Committee. In towns and
cities, the government began to mobilize workers to restore and expand production.
Bandit Suppression
In 1950, 10,400 bandits were wipeu out and 5,840 rifles were captured.
Also, 757 special agents were uncovered, while 1,700 counterrevolutionists
were captured and 55 principal offenders were executed. About 10,000 former
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CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENTIAL
STATE RAW NSRB DISTRIBUTION
ARMY AIR FBI
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members of the KMT and special agents were registered. Because the government
had been too lenient toward counterrevolutionists and had not provided severe
punishment, and because it had not properly guarded the prisons and had failed
to deal effectively with rumors, the bandits and special agents were able to
attack our cHu and hsiang governments, killing or wounding our cadres.
During last April and May, they plotted jail breaks. A plot to revolt
was uncovered in Ping-liang. According to an incomplete estimate, cases of
armed attacks and robberies amounted to 3,652, a:1 cases of arson (burning
atored fuel, grain, and fodder) amounted to 40. Such incidents began to
decrease after the police, public security, and judicial agencies increased
their effort.
Financial Reform
Financial reform started in April 1950. Such reform not only made up the
financial deficit which had been very large in the past, but also re:,-ilted in
a surplus. At the end of 1950, the surplus in terms of rice ccnat1toted 61.78
percent of the total realized tax c,,llection. However, distribution of the
tax burden was not equalized, and tax =vasion still exists.
Prices became more stable and commerce ano industry became more active
as a result of the credit policy, tax reform, price control, and the policy of
supporting private industry by assigning ;roce=sing work and by purchasing
such orders.
Food production increased 19 percent over the original. plan for 1950.
Cotton acreage exceeded the original clan by 14.5 percent. Nine irrigation
projects were completed making 216,003 mou of land irrigable. Also, 310,000
mod of land were reclaimed, 5,303.000 trees were planted, and 630,000 farm
animals were treated or inoculated.
Industry
Measures were taken to regulate industrial orgar.+ aticr.n properly, and to
improve management and business ,.. Fr_:du,_ti z: emulatrn drives were
launched to stimulate worker incentl' Carious industries restored pro-
duction, some of which iur^e exceeded prewar production records. Production
of pig iron, sulfuric acid, cement, etc. _...eeded the respective production
targets. The government completed a l,000-kilowatt power plant in Lan-chou
and began planning a hydraulic power plant in Lin-hsia listen, a cement plant
in Kao-chia-wan, a woolen manufacturing plant Sr. and a hydraulic
power plant in Lan-chcu. However, since we could not fully explore the poten-
tial strength of the worker nor derive benefits from lemocratic management,
production in general lagged behind schedule. Due to ne.cperience and inade-
quate management, losses occurred at sonic factories and mines.
Labor Relations
In Lan-chou, a labor-management consultative conference was established.
It negotiated collective contracts for machinery, flour, etc., in sever, indus-
tries and settled 217 labor disputes. Industrial sanita.?y conditions were
somewhat improved..
Transportation
Of 3,240 kilometers of highway, a total of 1,887 kilometers were restored.
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Education
Reform in school hdministration has been carried out in three higher
schools and 91 middle schools. It is to be noted particularly that patriotism
and internationalism have been implemented in the political ideology of stu-
dents through advancing the Resist America, Aid Korea Movement. Of the 2,408
students of higher and middle schools who applied for admission to various
military cadre schools, 587 were admitted. Indoctrination of 10,431 teachers
and school employees has begun. In addition, 6,519 primary schools have been
restored and reorganized.
A special short-term worker-peasant middle school was established in
1950. In November, the government set up the Committee on Spare-Time Education
for industrial i,orkers which coat led more than 30 percent of the industrial
workers in Kansu to participate in study. Social educati:)n was carried on in
cities, such as Lan-chou, and in 'oral areas where over 70,000 peasants took
part in the educational programs
2. Education of Minority Groups
The government restored the three teachers' colleges in Lung-tung,
Ling-hsia, and Hsis-ho, as well as 274 primary scbo_:_c for the minority gr^up.s.
Public Health
Some 430,000 people received smallpox vaccinations and 190,000 others were
inoculated against other diseases. Epidemic prevention committees were set up
in 45 hsien which organized five teams to cope with the mea_les, scarlet fever,
and smallpox then prevailing in Ling-t'ao, Lin-hsia, etc. Research on leprosy
prevention was undertaken. The Provincial People's Hospital was established,
and 38 public health clinics were restored in 38 hsien, shih, and ch'u.
Racial Policy
Autonomy has been granted to of the areas settled by mixed groups.
About 1,300 members of the minority groups have been selected and trained. More
than 400 cases of disputes among the groups were arbitrated. These measures have
won the support of the people. However, in some areas where the racial policy
was not properly administered, we suffered some losses, but the situation has
improved.
In short, some achievements nave been made in 1950 because of the sound
leadership of the Central People's Government and the Northwest Military and
Administrative Committee, as well to the joint efforts of the army, tl,o people,
and all cadres. Nevertheless, some weaknesses still exist, especially in our
work among the masses. In this broad ana newly liberated area, we have not yet
eliminated the feudalistic elements nor extinguished bandits and special agents.
The new revolutionary order has not yet been stabilized nor has the administra-
tion of the rural area been thoroughly reformed, since we have not mobilized and
organized the peasants. Thus, the foundation of the people's democracy is not
yet firmly established in Kansu.
CO1 F IDEIIT',AL
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Ideological Front
We must continue to spread and intensify the Resist America, Aid Korea
Movement. We must extinguish the reactionary ideological tendency to exalt
America, to fear America, or to become the friend of America; instead, we
must exalt our own national dignity and self-confidence. We must strengthen
the ideological foundation upon which we are maki::g a real effort to build
our fatherland into a strong nation.
In the winter of 1,05C or spring of 1^;1 land reforr. oust be carried out
in the 53 bcior. (including snib) which were settled by r' .millioi: Chinese peo-
ple. The rent-reduction progress is already .r. progress .here. In Ch'ing-
yang Special District, where the land reform i.cc been completed, the govern-
ment will determine land ownership and will issue ownership certificates
accordingly. in areas where there are only rent-reduction movements, the
government will protect the rights of the tenants. The rent-reduction move-
ment will start in the fall of 1950 in areas with populations in excess of a
million, whether settled by mixed peoples or by Moslems alone. In areas
settled by Mongols and Tibetans, our fundamental tasks will be to increase
production, expand trade, set up hospita'_, and conduct propaganda, cultural,
and educational programs.
Bandit Suppression
We must achieve a strict suppression of all bandits, special agents,
gangsters, and other ccuoterrevolutionists by mobilizing all available forces
and by unifying the command of such wort; All forces must be cooordinated so
that the bandit groups throughout the peo'inces may be encircled. Small armed
units must be organized to strengthen the local armed forces, the public
security, and police units. Land reform and rent reduction must be utilized
as a means of mobilizing the militia. The ueoulr must be united in
support of the army and aid must be given to the families of soldiers. Sound
public security and police units moot be estaLlishel by means of proper indoc-
trination and training. Security regulati:ns most be improved and state secrets
guarded. All matters delayed atr3 .ending must coainue to be expedited. Prison
facilities must be improved and the work of the People's Court in m-r.ing out
severe punishment to gangsters and =ounterrevolutionists must be strengthened.
Economic Reconstruction
Agricultural production in areas where rent reduction has been effected
must be raised beyond the .evel. Production in the old liberated Ch'ing-
yang Special District must be raised to the prewar level. In areas where land
reform was implemented in the winter of 1949 or spring of 1950, agricultural
production should approach the prewar level. Generally speaking, agricultural
productivity per mou should be raised. Wheat production, for instance, should
be increased by 3 catties per shih mou, so thrt the total production should
increase 3.4 percent as compared with 1950. Cotton acreage should be increased
by 10,000 shah mou, with productivity increased by 2 catties per sLii, mou. The
cotton crop is expected to be 14.1 percent above 1950. The production of hemp,
flax, oil seeds, and sugar beets must also be increased.
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We mget complete three water conservancy projects; the Huang-yang
Ho near Wu-'re i, the Huang-tci ':anal it Kac-lan, and the P'u-chi Canal in
Lin-t'ao. All these will increase the irrir?able aeree y cy 11 _ 000 shit. mou.
We must organize thi people in restoring or de'+eloring small irrigation proj-
ects and :n completing 13.00) mou of eartnwork
We must ccr. .roue !ie r 1:.iraser Pre.s:,t !'J a!5: :I::. .. .
the breeds of livestoc'.: scar_- Fad of ir.:tote-
tions. Rybridizat?i ;: rr?.> t t.- applied _n t: e raising r,f _. eat ; k 3::u ht?:r -
ing of farm animals ir,: oe s 'r. ped
ar.t.:cn ..,bons :r. et
We must. er.:Lna.ic' ti -re -- . _,
be increased, tree ple nt: _ er. ~,r i _ rat rose sod Ir:a=_t;geti r.
tinued, coperatlve 1'0... - T ,ed and tt,-__r cutting --nlrc_.~.3
Ten thousand sh h , mou tt e.te f ... a r i I , _1.in m_-.t ...._-r clot:: mu-.
be planted. We must mobil::e ,plan`.ir. _ c:ii_t ..
We must irp* ._ nd, ... or t!: ist_ig r.in< at:-4
As for state-owned .manufa.=turing and min:ng industrl.e;? as a fir ?, step t. yard
increasing production, we must _:np:c,ve trade-union act icier, vetaclah
democratic managemert. icd .et up an an;iiting system n, cast -ompiete th=
planning and construction .f ttst na;.er mil' (which sill navw! a daily 'n:tput
of 2 tons) and contravi to ha*._ . _on in the spring of mu ::t eq - :
the Lan-chou Flour Mill wit's. -out more grist ..._ s and one mor_ :heat -washirg
machine, Repair work on '?!iner: No I and N 2 must be completed. Tne
facilities of the ?iao-Thiel. :-emerit f1ant :rust be expart-so tn-r'cer tlr'- out-
put over 1950 by 70.; its, in _ lorry arc area ,., inlustrcat a. .^it.
Male must be nrenet!.G: - .'%e rn inert m',+: i~i? ?.
building a deco for Inc n,
meetings for the va'?i_ ti-I. ir...v . . _ !itc t :JUCt.i a! 1V
kets, and continue the :u:: .._ttl ._2n:: ,
for labs,. p-.:ecti_c ani ... ..: rc:
must be improved in the
relief to unemployed
We must corr.inu,~ atab,ils- prises, Tn
consolidate public am: _ oste air e' i -- i ,creo_.. tr,e i ivy
.. must
of goods between tc-rn: arr.. nu;-a' ae .....~nents ab s- .Tie hz.r?
hold native pradu'._ ,t:.-are the q,p.-,iults
To this end, our c cm a.: tn1 ; oli:y wi;'. be lea.!,T:. i t,, p: otec t.]'!0 .ot?ore:is of
producer, dealer, and r,,nsumet-. W- must ails ; o+ide a unif-ru i'r.1Ly fir gov-
ernment commodity purchac?-.nr_
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T^ '.ap?c-e ..ransi:nrtation, we must organize the masses to protect
hic:rys. and restore bridges and tunnels. We must achieve an orderly control
of *k- portat?ion network. In the Tien-shui, Ting-hsi and Ping-liang
specie.: itetricts, 15,000 rem must be recrui' tar the building of the
Tier.-L:r. -road, Wien-shui to Lan-chou).
d must, fulfill tar.-col.:-:-t.:c'c quota:; eform the financial administra-
tiJn o.' lccta E,cv~rn:.er.t.. -sec ar ._ -,nves'igatinn of taxable resources and
pr-o:en. -a:; ova=ion, re,lu:- unr?cesasry government expenditures, enforce the
gq,ern?--n,, s budgetary sy_-_c achi-ve a strict supervision of the treasury
syst 's, -r.fc._. .?: ,.;?._arl_... ,rn-:-.g ?._s~. payments, and improve the manage-
ment of government grain
Cultural ar.i E-.'?,. a coal Wcr,.
Teachers mutt be urged to en?ge n constant. study of political theory
anr' of their profession E - - - - t tbe placed on the study of regular school
ccoraes, a,; well a:. n cco:r.,. will 1m.'ro,,e the student's ideology.
Middle st:nools and primary ', r.-, F.< -scored and enlarged. We must
a.diu e rcforme in privat,- ? -- ' .= nstitute more technical schools, short-
term worker-peasant middle heel.-.^ c.. schools for minority groups. Anti-
illiteracy program; and poiitica' education among workers and peasants must be
started and government movie teams and cultural work units must be given assist-
ance in reforming the old opera and in providing entertainment for the masses.
Cadres of the various professional government workers must be organized for
intensive study of politics, policy, and their respective occupations.
Health
The 1951 plan calls for giving ?vaccinatiins and inoculations to prevent
the spread of typhoid and 1iphthrla,r-istn; the standards of the medical
school, train..-,F pu..,._ ..v.... .,, t:cn basis, organizing herbal
medica' practitioners asn'ciationc a... ^'n' ,iorbalmedical treatment clinics,
and empra>izing the health of .r,men us -1.1 .Jrer. Two hsien are to be chosen
for puolic health experiments and a c'rara: hospital will be erected there.
Sanitation cxperimen*- '. r, t.?,rics and r..iros ^re to be conducted in Lan-chou
and free ^ublic clinics are to be estat?lished in minority nationalities areas.
A clinical stati:n for women and -hIlJrcc t?. 'ce set up in Hsia-ho, and simi-
lar clinics are to be estahli:,ned do areas .,ott'.ed by minority groups.
Local Lies;?nr.+. nt
We must insure the proper t 'f ail-circles pedple's delegates con-
ferences and peasants, delegates ._.._rcnres Local administrations must be
put on a sound basis. During 1 the all-circles pa'ple'e delegates con-
ference of every hsien will E:erfor:^ the :,:.-dons of the people's delegates
assembly and establish a consultative -...t.atee The standing committee of
the consultative committee will cacry ^at the work of the conference.
The autonomous i o?rerr.ment of '}Le :arious areas must be strengthened.
Autonomy will be granted to areas _.on a the t:ecesoary conditic,s there
are fulfilled. The youth of min n?ity ?eoples must be aided and trained as
cadres in the work of autonomous government
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The provincial government and people's governments at all levels will
assign a great number of cadres to go to rural areas and factories to take
part in land reform, rent reduction, and in the organization of workers in
factories. We must part irit t in study, rectification programs, and
examine ourselves with a view to eliminating bureaucracy and the attitude
of high handedness. We must fortify and extend our victory by fulfilling
our various tasks throughout Kansu Province.
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